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A42117 A vindication of a national-fishery wherein is asserted that the glory, wealth, strength, safety, and happiness of this kingdom, with the flourishing of trade, and growth of navigation, as also the employing of the poor of this realm, doth depend (under God) upon a national-fishery : and all the general, vulgar, (tho' erroneous) objections against encouraging the fishery of England, answer'd, and confuted : to which is added the sovreignty of British-seas. Gander, Joseph.; Gander, Joseph. Sovereignty of the British-seas asserted. 1699 (1699) Wing G196; ESTC R227035 28,639 110

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only And each of these Employ another Vessel for providing Salt and Transporting of their Fish making in all one thousand six hundred Ships which Maintain and Employ persons of all Sorts four thousand at least For the Herring Season they have one thousand six hundred Busses at the least all of them Fishing only on our Coast from Bonghoness in Scotland to the mouth of the Thames And every One maketh work for three other Ships to attend her the one to bring Salt from Foreign parts another to carry the said Salt and Cask to the Busses and to bring back their Herring and the Third to Transport the Herring into Foreign Markets So that the Total Number of Ships and Busses plying the Herring-Fare is six Thousand four hundred Ships where every Buss one with another Employs forty Men Mariners and Fishers within her own Hold and rest ten Men apiece which amounteth to One hundred twelve thousand Fishers and Mariners All which maintain double if not treble so many Tradesmen Women and Children by Land Besides they have generally four hundred Vessels at least that take Herring at Yarmouth and there sell them for Ready-Money so that the Hollanders besides three hundred Ships beforementioned Fising upon their own Coasts or Shoars have at least four thousand eight hundred Ships onely maintain'd by the Seas of Great-Britain And to this Number they undoubtedly add every day although their Countrey neither affords Victuals nor Materials nor Merchandize to set them forth Yet by the Great Advantages that they have got by Fishing on our Coast they abound in every Thing that is fit for the Use of Mankind Encrease of Mariners The Number of Ships Fishing on our Coasts as being aforesaid four thousand eight hundred if we allow but twenty persons to every Ship one with another the Total of Mariners and Fishers amounteth to One hundred sixty eight Thousand out of which number they daily furnish their Ships to the East and West-Indies to the Meditereanean and for their Grand Fleet of Men of War for by this means they are not only enabled to brook the Seas and know the Use of their Tackles and Compass but are likewise instructed in the knowledge of Navigation and Pilotage insomuch that from hence their greatest Navigators have had their Educations and Knowledge of the Seas Encrease of TRADE By reason of those Multitude of Ships and Mariners they have extended their Trade to all Parts of the World Exporting for the most part in all their Voyages our Herrings and other Fish which they Catch upon our Coasts or in the British Seas for the Maintenance of the same In Exchange whereof they return these several Commodities from other Countries From the Southern Parts as France Spain and Portugal for our Herrings and other Fish they return Oyls Wines Pruens Honey Woolls Leather with Store of Coin in Specie From the Streights Velvets Sattins and all Sorts of Silks Aloms Currants Oyls and all Grocery-Ware with much Money From the East-Countries for our Herrings and other French and Italian Commodities before returned they bring Home Corn Wax Flax Hemp Pitch Tarr Soap-Ashes Iron Copper Steel Clap-board Wain-scot Timber Deal-board Dollars c. From Germany for Herrings and other Salt Fish Iron Mill-stones Rhenish-Wines Plate-Buttons for Armour with other Munition too tedious to insert Silks Velvets and Rushes Fustians Baratees and such like Frankford Commodities with Store of Rix Dollars From Brabant and Flanders they return for the most part Ready-Money with some Tapestries and some other Commodities and some of our Herrings are carried so far as Brassil And that which is more strange and to our great dishonour they have generally four hundred Ships which Fish in sight of Yarmouth and vend the Herrings in England and make us pay Ready-Money for our own Fish Sir Josiah Child in his Discourse of Trade in the end of his Preface is pleased to say That he hath exposed his Conceptions to the Publick Censure with an Assurance that they will be received and Honoured with a Publick Sanction and past into Laws and thus begins his Book The Prodigious Increase of the Netherlands in their Domestick and Forreign Trade Riches and Multitude of Shipping is the envy of the Present and may be the Wonder of future Generations Here he sets out the Riches of Holland and backs it on with an Addition in several subsequent Expressions in his Book They are Sampsons and Goliah's in Trade Sons of Anach Men of Renown Masters of the field like a Prevailing Army that Scorns to build Castles and Fortresses to secure themselves as we do by Act of our Navigation And to Advance their Glory herein he tells us that we are but Dwarfs and Pigmies in Stocks and Experience c. But he takes no Notice that they have attained to their Greatness by Fishing on our Coasts and that we were the Sampson's and Goliah's in Queen Elizabeths Reign and they the Pigmies as shall be made appear more at large And the Honoured Author goes further on in his Preface and tells us that were they freed from the French Fears they would be Worse than Task-Masters over us in Trade considering their Treasure That the Trade of the English Nation is in a very bad Circumstances is plainly seen by all thinking Men And since it is Practical among Kings and Princes and Sates to Joyn one with another or enter into a Confederacy to oppose a King or Prince that is Growing too great that if they do not endeavour to Suppress him it may be a Means to lie open to them whenever he intends to make an Invasion or Incursion into their Dominions or Invade their Territories And whether it is not now high time considering those vast Improvements of the Hollanders and French to depress the Growing Greatness of our Neighbours must be left to the Great Wisdom of our Senatours And also whether a longer Continuance of their Fishing on our Coasts will not be a further Encouragement to their Encroachments and our own Title as to the antient Sovereignty of the British Seas By this their large Extent of Trade they are become Citizens of the whole World whereby they have so enlarged their Towns that most of them within this Hundred Years are full as big again as they were before as Amsterdam Rotterdam Dort Middleburgh c. having been twice enlarged their Streets and Buildings are orderly set forth that for Beauty and Strength they may Compare with any other Cities in the World upon which they bestow infinite Sums of Money All this Originally flowing from the Bounty of the British Seas from whence by their Labour and Industry they derive the beginning of all that Wealth and Greatness and particularly for the Havens of the aforesaid Towns whereof some of them Cost Forty Fifty or an Hundred thousand pounds their Fortifications both for Number and Strength upon which they have bestowed innumerable Sums of Money as well upon their Frontiers as
Happy Peace wherewith God hath Blessed his Kingdom and to which all his Actions and Negotiations have hitherto tended as by your own Instructions you may finally understand But withal considering that Peace must be maintain'd by the Arm of Power which only keeps down War by keeping up Dominion His Majesty thus provoked finds it Necessary for his own Defence and safety to re-assume and keep his Antient and undoubted Right in the Dominion of these Seas and to suffer no other Prince or State to encroach upon him thereby assuming to themselves or their Admirals any Sovereign Command but to force them to perform due Homage to his Admirals and Ships and to pay them Acknowledgments as in former times they did He will also set open and protect the free Trade both of his Subjects and Allies and give them such safe Conducts and Convoy as they shall reasonably require He will suffer no other Fleets nor Men of War to keep any Guard upon these Seas or there to offer Violence to take Prizes or Booties or to give Interruption to any Lawful intercourse In a Word His Majesty is resolved as to do no Wrong so to do Justice both to his Subjects and Friends within the Limits of his Seas And this is the Real and Royal design of his Fleet whereof you may give Notice as you find Occasion to our good Neighbours in those parts that no Vmbrage may be taken of any Hostile Act or purpose to their Prejudice in any Kind So wishing you all Health and Happiness I Rest Your assured Friend and Servant JOHN COKE So what has been said is sufficient to prove the undisputable Titles of the Kings of England's Sovereignty over the British Seas and the Necessity of Maintaining and Defending it The CONCLVSION TO Conclude that by which hath been undeniably Asserted it doth evidently appear That the Kings of England by Immemorable Prescription continual Usage and Possession and also by the Acknowledgment of all the Kings Princes and States of Christendom and the Laws of this Kingdom have always held the Sovereign Propriety of the British Seas And His Majesty by Right of his Sovereignty hath Supream Commands and Iurisdiction over the Passage of his Seas and Fishing therein beyond all Contradiction And considering the Nutural Sight of these our Seas that interpose themselves between the Great Northern Commerce and that of the whole World And also that of the East West and Southern Climates and with all the vast Treasure that is got by Fishing in them daily It cannot therefore be doubted but His Majesty by reason of his Great Wisdom and Virtue and his Admirable Valour And the Diligent Care of his Faithful and Loyal Subjects may without injustice to any Prince or State be made the Greatest Monarch for Wealth and Command in the World and his People the most Opulent Flourishing of any in the Universe And the Sovereignty of the Seas being the most Precious Jewel of his Imperial Crown and next under God the Principal Means of our Wealth and Safety all true English Men are bound by all Possible Means of Honour and Industry to preserve it with the utmost Hazard of their Lives and Fortunes Thus you see what Wonderful Advantages may redound to the Felicity and Glory of this Nation if God gives us Hearts and Resolutions to Vindicate those Rights which are most Impiously and Injuriously Invaded by our Neighbours FINIS Vid Seld. Mare Clausum 138. * And many dies ‡ Rich. 2. Fitz Herbert Tit. Protection 46. * Rob. Belknap An Eminent Judg in his tim affirmed ● That the Sea is subject to the King as a part of this Kingdom or of the Patrimony of the Crown ☞ Object ☞ ☞ * The King b The Kingdom would promote Trade ☜ c All intended for Building Men of War as a Guard to the Kingdom And if we had the Mines of Mexico and Peru in this Kingdom unless they were secured by Force of Arms they would undoubtedly lie open to any that would invade us ☞ ☜ ☞ ☞ ☞ Observ Note That we might make the same advantages of our Fish abroad did we encourage this National-Fishery ☞ Note if this National Fishery were encouraged there would undoubtedly acrue to the Crown above 400000l per Annum ☞ Observ ☞ Hugo Grotius Lib. 1. Lib. 2. Guil. Malmesb lib. 2. Cap. 8. Am. 26 part page 276. Vide Edw. Coke part 5. fol. 108. and in Con Littleton Sect. 439. fol. 260. Note p. 38. Remark Rot. Par. 31. Edw. 1. Membran 16. ☞ ☞ * * ☞ * The Downs White-Hall 16 April 1635. our Style * And for these Reasons stand the fairest of any People in the World to be Lords of the Seas and give Laws to the whole World by our Naval-Force