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A58738 Several weighty considerations humbly recommended to the serious perusal of all, but more especially to the Roman Catholicks of England to which is prefix'd, An epistle from one who was lately of that communion to Dr. Stillingfleet, Dean of St. Pauls, declaring the occasion of the following discourse. T. S. Epistle from a late Roman Catholick to the Very Reverend Dr. Edward Stillingfleet, Dean of St. Paul's.; Stillingfleet, Edward, 1635-1699. 1679 (1679) Wing S183; ESTC R16533 49,205 54

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or Benefice whether Ecclesiastical or Secular It is true with much Importunity and Danger Gerson procured a Decree in this council that No Subject should Murder his Prince But that Practice was only condemned in such as did it without waiting the Sentence of any Judge whatsoever So that if Sentence be past by the Spiritual Judge notwithstanding this Decree a Prince may be Assassinated But there is a further Mystery in it For a King once declared to be no more such i. e. being Deposed He then becomes a Rebel and an Usurper according to their Principles and then it is lawful to kill him The Council of Siena confirms all the former Decrees made against Hereticks and the Favourers of Heresie are declared liable to all Pains and Censures of Hereticks and consequently to the Greatest of them viz. Deposition The Council at Basil rati●●s the Decree of Constance by which Emperours and Kings that presumed to hinder any from coming to the Council are subjected to excommunication Interdicts and other Punishments Spiritual and Temporal Finally the Council of Trent though the world was then much changed and they durst not trample on Crowned Heads as formerly yet they would still be nibling at this sweet Morsel as near as they could and still endeavoured though covertly to continue the Claim to this Deposing Authority For in the Decree against D●els Sess. 25. c. 19. they declare If any Emperours and Kings c. did assign a field for a Combate they did thereby lose their Right to that place and the City Castle or other places about it If Councils then as surely they are be fit deliverers of the Churches sence we have here no less than seven General Councils to prove this to be the Churche's Doctrine For my own part I can see no ways they can extricate themselves but either by Confessing their Church hath erred or by obstinately going on in a most wretched Justification of such Damnable Tenents and Practices There is nothing more to do in this business but by way of surplusage to give a General Touch at these following particulars By the Book of the Sacred Ceremonies which is Authentick and of great Esteem with the Church of Rome the Emperour as soon as he sees the Pope must bare-headed bow till his knee touch the Ground and worship the Pope coming nearer he must bow again and when he comes to the Pope he must bow a third Time and devoutly kiss the Pope's Toe The same book informs us that the Pope never gives any Reverence to any Mortal either by rising up or uncovering or bowing his head That the Emperour must hold the Pope's stirrup till he gets on horseback and then lead the Horse for some paces And some mean spirited Emperors have de facto performed these slavish offices The Emperour must swear Fealty to the Pope and be his Hector to maintain all his Rights and Honours That horrid Extravagant of Boniface VIII makes it absolutely necessary to Salvation that all Christians be subject to the Pope who hath both the Swords and Judgeth all Men and is Judged of None And the Gloss upon that Extravagant dares to say our Saviour had not done discreetly unless he had left such a Vicar behind him Bz●vius an approved and applauded Author in that Communion tells us the Pope is Monarch of All Christians Supreme over All Mortals there lyes no Appeal from him He is the great Arbitrator of the World Istodorus M●scomus Vicar General to the Arch-Bishop of Bononia and a great Lawyer terms the Pope the Universal Judge King of Kings Lord of Lords and saies that God's Tribunal and the Pope's are one and the same that they have the same Consistory and therefore all other powers are his Subjects that the Pope is judged of none but God not of the Emperour Kings Clergy or Laity Pope Innocent the Third Extra de Major gives this description of the Papal power that it is as much greater than the Imperial as the Sun is than the Moon And the Gloss saies that is 47 times greater but the note in the Margin puts 57 times nay there is an Author that adds 7744 times This Decr●tal of Innocent the III. and the forecited Extravagant of Boniface VIII are both put into the body of the Canon Law It would be endless to enumerate the Romish Authors that defend this prodigious power of deposing Kings Bellarmin Suarez Sa Mariana maintain and prove this Doctrine Nor do I know one Jesuit that teaches the contrary And it is very well worth our notice what an odd kind of answer Mr. Fisher gave to King James who demanded of him what he thought Subjects ought to do in the case of the Pope's deposing a Prince The Jesuit gives this sly return I will pray for Peace and Tranquillity between both Parties I will exhort all to do good offices conducing thereto and will rather dye than any wayes be accessory to your Majestie 's death And no more could be got from him but this Compliment But else where he told the King more plainly that he disclaimed any singular opinion of his own or more than the Definitions of Councils and Consent of Divines did force him to hold And what those are we have pretty well discovered The Canonists Casuists and Schoolmen are Generally if not Universally of this opinion some teach that it is evident to all that Emperors are to be Deprived and Deposed by the Pope not onely for things pertaining to Faith but for Manners Others that the Secular Power is subject to the Spiritual and that it is no Usurpation if the Spiritual judge the Secular and that the Pope hath Supreme Power over Christian Kings and Princes and may Correct Depose and put others in their places that he may deprive a King of Royal Dignity for Heresie Schisme or any intolerable Crime Negligence or Lazyness if in great matters he break his Oath or oppress the Church and several other Cases and that the Pope himself is sole Judge both of the Crime and of the Condemnation And Bzovius de Pontifice Rom. c. 46. p. 611. gives us a Catalogue of above 30 Kings and Princes who have de facto been Deposed or by Anathema's damn'd by the Pope They count them Martyrs that dye for the maintaining this Power which cannot be unless they Esteem it an Article of Faith And we have a late Instance of F. Paul Magdalen alias Henry Heath a Learned and in his way Pious Franciscan who was put to death by the Long Parliament about the year 1643. Who just before his Execution being desired to give his Judgment of the Oath of Allegiance which chiefly concerns our present purpose declared it absolutely unlawful and that he would as soon lay down his Life for the Refusal of it as for any Article of the Roman Belief Eman. Sa is not ashamed to publish that if a Clergy Man rebell against his King it is no Treason because Clergy men are not the Kings
Church That a Council kept by the Roman Bishop and those only who are subject to him excluding others is but a particular Council That a General Council may be celebrated though the Pope refuse to concurr by his Presence and Consent That All that meet in Councils ought to have free Liberty orderly to declare and Determin Maters in question That whatever must oblige as Divine ought to be confirmed by the Authority of Holy Scripture That no Councils are Legitimate where private Respects are managed under pretext of Faith and Religion That the Roman Bishop hath not that power which many flatterers attribute to him viz. That he alone is to Determine and Others only to Consult and Advise That a General Council is Superiour to the rest of the Patriarchs and also to the Roman Bishop That a General Council may be deficient and that de facto Councils lawfully assembled have erred And since they have failed and have contradicted one another as appears in the Second Council of Nice and that of Constance among many others the one Decreeing the Worship of Images the other prohibiting Communion in both Kinds against the express words of Scripture the Councils of Lateran in Deposing Kings the Council of Frankfort opposite to that of Nice in the Business of Images the Council of Florence against those of Basil and Constance in the point of the Pope's Superiority over a Council It is certain that Councils are to be Regulated and Examined by God's Word and to be Received or Rejected as Conformable to or Disagreeing from that And for this we have the Authority of the Great S. Augustin contra Maxim Arian l. 3. c. 14. Nec ego Nicenum c. Neither ought I to produce the Nicen nor Thou the Ariminum Council as having already prejudged or absolutely Determined the Cause beyond all Appeal For I am not bound up by the Authority of this nor Thou by the Decree of that but let us regard the Authority of the Holy Scripture witnesses not partial or appropriated to either party but common to both A speech worthy the Gravity Learning and Piety of S. Augustin As for the Councils of the Later Centuries they neither have been General nor hath either their Assimbling or Proceeding been Lawful and they have most Industriously thwarted the Canons of the most Pure and Antient Councils Their Assembling hath not been Legal in that the Modern Popes have Usurped the whole Right and Authority of Convocating Councils contrary to the Primitive Custom and Practice of the Church The first Nicene Council was called by Constantine the Great the first Constantinopolitan which is the second General Council by Theodosius that of Ephesus by Theodosius Junior that of Chalcedon by Martianus the fifth by Justinian c. All which are such evident Proofs that the Cardinals Cusanus Jacobatius and Zabarella confess that in the first Ages of the Church the Right of Calling Councils belonged to the Emperour Nor are Their Proceedings any better For the Popes admit no Assessours or Judges in Councils but their own Faction Men beforehand enslaved by a Solemn Oath which all Bishops of that Communion take at their Consecration to maintain the Regalia Petri all the Usurpations of that See The Pope is the only Authentick Judge in All matters Approving and Refusing whatever He pleases Their own Histories afford us Examples enough to confirm this I shall instance but in the Sleights and Wiles of the Late so much cryed up Trent-Council Wherein to make sure work on the Pope's side there were more Italian Bishops than of all the World beside And most ridiculously to dazle the eyes of the People some of these subscribe themselves Eastern Patriarchs as of Jerusalem c. and Others as if they were Greek Prelates Some had the Titles of Archbishops who had neither Church nor Diocess as Upsalensis and Armachanus who were Created on purpose to fill up the Number And when the Pope on a certain Occasion wanted Voices to sway the cause He sent a fresh supply of 40 Bishops newly made And this was part of that Leigerdemain which an Eminent French Bishop Claud Espenc one of those vvho sat in the Council calls the Great Helena which of late Ruled All at Trent in Ep. ad Tit. c. 1. All the Oriental and Greek Patriarchs and Bishops were Excluded None out of England Scotland Ireland Danemark Swedland few out of France and Spain fewer out of Germany it self were admitted When the Protestants required Audience they could not be hearken'd to upon any tolerable terms It was long before they could get a Safe-Conduct and when it was procured it was clogg'd with this Clause That it should belong to none but such as would Repent and Return to the Bosom of the Roman Church This Partiality and Jugling when the Princes of Europe saw they sent their Protestations against the Council as being Insufficient to Resorm Religion In Trying and Deciding Controversies they adhered more to Tradition than Scripture and pass'd nothing till the Pope with his Consistory had seen it at home and approved it and then he transmitted it to his Legats So that as One said the Holy Ghost was continually posted in Cloakbags between Rome and Trent Though by the way their own Doctors teach that the Assistance of the Holy Ghost is a personal Privilege and cannot be Delegated While the Divines were formally Disputing at Trent the Pope was as busie in Ingrossing Canons at Rome and sending them to the Council to be published Thus they proceeded sometimes by a wrong Rule sometimes by none at all In the 4th Session they Decree That none should give any other Exposition of Scripture than such as might agree with the Doctrine of the Church of Rome And yet this very Doctrine was the Thing questioned and the Scriptures were to have been the Touchstone to try it by Take this whole Affair in the Words of Andraeas Dudithius a Bishop in the Roman Church and an Eminent Member of this Council He thus writes in an Epistle to the Emperour Maximilian the 2d what good could be done in that Council where voices were taken by Number and not by Weight The Pope was able to set an 100 of his against every one of ours and if an 100 were not sufficient he could on a sudden have created a thousand to succour those that were ready to faint We might every day see hungry and needy Bishops and those for the most part Beardless Youngsters come in Flocks to Trent hired to give their Voice according to the Pope's humour unlearned indeed and foolish but of good Use to him for their Audaciousness and Impudency The Holy Ghost had nothing to do with that Conventicle All things were carried by Humane Policy which was wholly employed in Maintaining the Immoderate and indeed most Shameless Lordship and Domineering of the Pope From thence were Answers waited for as from the Oracles of Delphos or Dodona From thence the Holy Ghost who as