the Alms and this is done every Lord's Day and the Purse laid upon the Communion-Table 7. Then the Minister prays again concluding with the Lord's prayer 8. After which they sing another Psalm and conclude with the Blessing Afternoon-Service 1. At one a clock the Bell rings and calls to Catechism which is begun with a Psalm and prayer and concluded with a prayer also the minister in the rehearsal of it standing before the Communion-Table 2. Then the Bells ring again for the Evening-Service which is much what in the same manner with the Morning-Service Note that in some Churches they have Organs in others none Lutherans of the Palatinate On Week-days they have Prayers every Morning and in some places Morning and Evening their Order thus 1. They sing as on Sundays taking the Psalms before them in order as they go one day the 1st and 2d Psalms the next the 3d and 4th c. 2. The Minister Prays in short 3. He reads a Chapter out of the Old Testament and another out of the New 4. He reads a Form of Common-Prayer one single Prayer for all necessities Emperors Magistrates c. by Book the People all the while lifting up their hands closed together concluding with the Lord's Supper 5. He ends with the Blessing Note 1. In some places they have Prayers on Wednesdays in others on Wednesdays and Fridays 2. Every first Wednesday in the Month is a Prayer-day the Shops being shut and no body daring to work till after Sermon 3. The Lord's Supper is administered in some places monthly in others quarterly The Posture standing notice is given before hand and the Minister goes with the Church-warden from House to House a Fortnight before to examine them of their fitness and the day before he gives a preparation Sermon and puts Interrogatories to the People taking a kind of Confession from them and requiring their Answer Yes 4. At Baptism the Midwife holds the Child the Godfather and Godmother standing by whilst the Minister takes water out of a Bason on the Communion-Table and sprinkles it on the child In the Name of the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost 5. On Whitsunday they sing one of Luther's Hymns to this purpose Now we beseech thee Holy Ghost Through Faith thou wilt us keep That when this world we shall depart In thee Lord we may sleep Kyrie Eleison Thou the true Light enlighten us Let us know thee alone Who in our Father's Countrey hast Thy mercy to us shown Kyrie Elison c. It consists of two such Stanzaes more each concluding with Kyrie Eleison 2. Calvinists 1. Their Doctrines and Discipline They hold absolute Praedestination Ordinatination by Priests appoint Synods at stated times and places are for the assistance of Lay-elders in the use of the Ministry condemn Diocesan Episcopacy and all significant Ceremonies Lent days of Saints the Cross in Baptism together with all unnecessary impositions the use of Godfathers and Godmothers in Baptism and the Government of Bishops without the Assistance of Presbyters Mr. Ric. Baxter 2. Their Worship and Usages 1. In the Canton of Zurick 1. Their Morning Service 1. In the morning on Sundays they begin with Grace Peace and Mercy from Almighty God be at all times with us miserable sinners Amen And then in a certain Form Pray for the Magistrates Burger-master Persecuted Churches sick and afflicted and distracted Persons about which the Minister is allowed to enlarge his Prayers concluding always with the Lords Prayer 2. The Minister kneels down having laid his Book on the Pulpit Prays in silence for himself as the People also do 3. He delivers his Sermon by Heart as they are all enjoyned to do 4. In case of Wedding he publishes the Banns thus These following Honest persons c. but in case of scandalous unchastness the word Honest is left out 5. If any be Dead that week the Minister names them praiseth God for their deliverance out of this Thraldom into everlasting Joy advising them to be watchful c. 6. Next follows a short general confession of sins I poor sinful wretch c. and after that a Prayer for the Sabbath all Kings and Estates of Christendom the Cantons of Switzerland c. concluded with the Lord's Prayer 7. The Minister turning towards the People saith For God's sake remember always the Poor in your Alms Pray constantly one for another Pray to God for me which I also will do for you tho this only the Lord Antistes is used to say and after the Administration of Holy Baptism and the Christian Hymn is finished to the praise of God depart in peace And the grace of God be with you 8. After this the Minister goes down from the Pulpit to the Font to Christen the Children if there be any to be Baptized 9. Then the chief Chanter with his Scholars begins a Psalm taking the Book of Psalms in order before them throughout in the year the whole Congregation of men Women and Children following with distinct Voices and a most Melodious Harmony N. B. Young Ladies and Gentlewomen learn of their Minister to sing and play on Virginals but are forbidden Dancing 2. Their latter Morning-Service begins At Nine a Clock with a short Form much what as in the former Morning-Service and then Sermon and last of all with a short Confession of Sin and Prayer for God's Mercy and the Lord's Prayer and another pretty long Form of Prayer he concludes adding Pray continually c. depart in peace On Sunday-Mornings they always preach on one of the Four Evangelists their Sermons are an hour long or near it Heathen Authors seldom mentioned and the Primitive Fathers but sparingly The Text expounded out of the Hebrew or Greek Originals meer Morality preach'd is sharply censured by the Chapter or Synod 3. Their Noon-Service 1. The Minister useth the same Form of Prayer as he used before the Sermon in the Morning concluding with the Lord's Prayer c. 2. He rehearses the Ten Commandments and the Apostles Creed concluding them with a Collect. 3. Then either continuing in the Pulpit or going from Pew to Pew according to his discretion over against the Font which is placed near the Quire he examines the Children and Youths even 'till they are capable of the Lord's Supper or 'till Marriage in some places out of the Tigurine-Catechism or takes an account of several Lessons out of Holy Scripture which he had assign'd them before 4. Then out of the Pulpit he makes a Paraphrase or Explication of the Questions he ask'd 5. At last he concludes with a Prayer O merciful God who preparest Praises to thy self out of the mouths of Babes and Sucklings c. Concluding with the Lord's Prayer At this Service the Parents are bound to be present under pain of Censure and Rebuke of the Minister or Consistory 4. Their Evening-Service for they have Service four times a day consists 1. Of a Form before the Sermon for themselves for the
rebuke and warn notorious Sinners both publickly and privately and if they continue after their third Warning in their Ungodliness as Swearing Drunkenness c. then they are to inform the Governours and Presidents of the respective Counties of that Canton who issue Warrants for apprehending of them and putting them in Prison where they are fed with Bread and Water until they become other Men at least in outward behaviour 4. But as to Fornicators Adulterers Thieves c. there needs no such warning of the Ministers for such upon Conviction are apprehended by the Subordinate Magistrate and punished accordingly 5. Blasphemers are without any Mercy put to Death 6. No Gentleman or Lady of what Quality soever except a Forreigner dares communicate in a coloured or modish Apparel but in a modest black Suit with a black Cloak a Bonnet and a Band The Women are to use always to Church only Black without Laces Gold Silver c. Their Matrimony 1. The Minister after Sermon and the ordinary Service ended coming down from the Pulpit with his Back towards the Quire and his Face to the People kneeling on the lowest step saith In the Name of God Amen This is to let you know that these two honest Persons N. N. here present intend c. If therefore any Person c. 2. After a short silence and none protesting against the Marriage he reads the Gospel Matt. 19. v. 3 c. adding Believe these words of God and consider that God hath joyned you together in the blessed State of Matrimony c. 3. With his right hand taking the right hands of the Bridegroom and Bride he asks N. Desirest thou for God's sake to take N. for thy Wife in Holy Matrimony Then say Yea. And in like manner he asks the Bride 4. He binds their right hands together saying This ratifie God the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost Amen 5. Then taking off his right hand he saith Thou Husband oughtest to maintain protect and love thy Wife as Christ loved his Church c. And thou Wife to love and to obey thy Husband Head and Master c. and afterwards to both together 6. Then after an Exhortation of the People to Prayer bidding them say after him O Almighty God who in the beginning of thy handy-works didst create a Man out of the dust of the ground c. Our Father c. he Blesses them and bids them depart in Peace Observe 1. No Minister dares marry any of another Parish without a License and Approbation of his Pastor 2. Nor without consent of the Parents 3. Nor without Publication in Church some Sunday morning 4. If Parents will not give their free consent both Parents and Persons are to be cited before the Matrimonial Court consisting of the Antistes or Arch-deacon and the prime of the Clergy c. sitting at Zurick every week where if the reason alledged be Immoralities the Marriage is stop'd but if smallness of Portion or Joynture 't is declared valid 5. No Divorce except in case of Adultery or one of the Parties turning Papist and repairing to a Cloister or Monastery 6. The Bride during the Solemnization of the Marriage and some days after both in the Church and at home wears a Chaplet or Garland made of Marjoram Rosemary c. and embroidered with wreathen Gold and Silver Laces and set in Pearls and Granates c. as a Token of her Virginity and Innocency But if with Child before Marriage by a strict Law it is forbidden and the Bridegroom instead hereof is fined to pay a considerable Sum of Money into the Matrimonial Court Their Funeral Service 1. The Relations and Friends are invited to come between three and four a Clock afternoon 2. At that precise time the Men place themselves without the Door of the House standing on rows against the Walls the Women in the Mourning-house c. 3. Then the People who are invited come and joyning their hands to some of the nearest Relations say The Lord comfort you in your Affliction and then turn back and joyn in some row 4. The Corpse presently after four a clock is carried to the Grave the People going into Church 5. Then the Minister in the Pulpit or at the Font saith Dearly Beloved in Jesus Christ whereas the Almighty and Merciful God hath taken out of this Thraldom and called to his Fatherly Mercy and Glory our dear Brother c. N. N. and you have been pleased to accompany him to the place of Burial wherefore the nearest Relations N. N. naming them of the Deceased render you their most humble Thanks c. 6. Then he concludes with a pretty long Prayer wherein he gives Thanks to God for delivering this their fellow-member out of the Thraldom of this Transitory Life and having through Christ made him partaker of his Everlasting and Heavenly Kingdom c. and so ends with a Benediction 7. Every one makes some silent Prayer by himself and then every one goes to his own home Note 1. A Son or Daughter Mourns two years for their Parents in wearing black Apparel and a Bonnet The Parents one year for a Child 2. Those that are dead-born are buried in private without this Service 3. Feloes de se by the Hang-man in a place appointed for Malefactors Mr. Werndly 's Liturgia Tigurina 2. In France 1. Their Doctrine is contained in the 40 Articles of their Confession of Faith and agrees with that of the Church of England 2. Their Government was Presbyterian and tho they humbly confessed that Form not the same which was instituted by Christ and his Apostles yet they conceive it not altogether contrary to the intention of Christ their circumstances not permitting them to have that which is truly Divine and Apostolical They are not against Episcopal Government 3. They have a Liturgy Baptism and the Lord's Supper and also Marriage are celebrated with a set Form 4. They have a large Catechism of which they give an Exposition on Sundays in the afternoon 5. Their way of Worship is thus for the Morning 1. The Reader reads some Chapters 2. Calls for some Psalms to be sung 3. He reads the 10 Commandments 4. The Minister in the Pulpit reads out of the Common-prayer-book one sentence of Scripture with a short Exhortation to the People 5. Then follows a Confession 6. Then the Minister calls for a Psalm 7. Afterwards a short Prayer in a Form left to his own liberty which is always the same except on extraordinary occasions 8. A Sermon 9. The Minister Prays again out of the Book for about a quarter of an Hour viz. for forgiveness of sin for all Princes especially their own and the Royal Family for the Ministers of the Church and in especial manner for those that are dispersed under the Tyranny of Antichrist and lastly for the present Assembly 10. They conclude their Prayers with the Lord's Prayer 11. Then they Rehearse the Creed and sing a Psalm most commonly the 117.
there are above 2000 for no Lord but hath his private Chappel nor any Street but hath many of them though most of Wood and very small ones but fifteen foot square D. of Holstein 's Embass Indian Christians The Indian Christians though heir Churches are low and ill furnished yet they are neat and sweetly kept matted and without painted which the Greek Churches abound with They assemble chearfully and at their entring shut their Eyes the better to contemplate the Exercise they come about with their own Unworthiness Kneeling they look towards the Altar near which the Priest is seated him they salute with humble Reverence who returns his Blessing with the uplifting of his Hands and Eyes Sir Thomas Herbert Mexicans In Mexico were thirteen Temples Purchas Mahometans In Fez are 700 Mosquits some garnished with many Pillars and Fountains of Marble each Temple hath a Priest to say Service and look to the Churches Revenue Rosse Tunquinese In Tunquin the great Cities have several Pagods and hardly a Town or Village but hath one and for every Pagod at least two Bonzes and two Says but some Pagods maintain forty Bonzes and as many Says Tavernier's Collect. Pegu. In Pegu they are magnificent in their Pagods having some of beaten Gold in the Varella or Temple of their King there are three of Silver and one of Massy Gold in the shape and proportion of a Man c. Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Circassia They have one thing remarkable that they never enter their Churches till they resolve to have off Vice that is till after forty years of Age after which time they rob no more Ibid. German Protestants Those of the Palsgrave's Country had each Sunday two Sermons the absent first admonished by the Clergy the next time the Civil Magistrate was called to help Those of Geneva in the Churches of their Cities every Sunday four Sermons Those of Breme three of which one was Catechetical Mr. Hale 's Letter from the Synod of Dort to Sir D. Carleton L. Embass Papists What meant sundry Ancient Councils as the Eleventh of Tolet in Spain yea even of Trent it self to enjoyn frequent Preaching calling for more than any Man almost is able to perform Anonym Catechising Jews COncerning the care which the Jews now take in Catechising their Children see afterwards under the Title of Good Children Christians 8. Clemens praiseth the Corinthians that they took care to admonish their young Men to follow things modest and comely and exhorts them to instruct the Younger to make their Children Partakers of the Discipline of Christ Dr. Cave Constantine's first and greatest care towards his Sons was to secure the Happiness of their Souls by sowing the Seeds of Piety in their Minds which he did partly himself by appointing Religious Tutors for them and when he had taken them into a Partnership of the Government by private Admonitions or by Letters giving them Counsel c. This was always the first and chief Point That they should prefer the Knowledge and Worship of GOD the Great King of the World before all other advantages yea the Empire it self Idem Nazianzen commends his Mother that not only she her self was brought up under a Pious Education but conveyed it down as a necessary Inheritance to her Children Gorgonia being well seasoned with her Instructions and Example for she reclaimed her Husband educated her Children and Nephews in the ways of Religion while she lived and left this as her last Charge and Request when she died Idem The Order of Catechising in the Primitive Times is thus delivered by Mr. Gabriel Towerson c. 1. When any desired to become a Proselyte inquiry was made not only into the Life of the Catechumen but of those who brought him 2. Upon Admonition and a promise of Reformation he was admitted into the Rank of Catechumens by Prayer and Imposition of Hands and so passed over to his Instructor in a private School or Auditory 3. The Catechist entertain'd him with a long Narration of the Story of the Bible from the Creation to the Birth Life Death and Resurrection of our Saviour c. closing with the last Jugment and an Admonition to beware of False Teachers and of being scandalized at the ill Lives of some Christians The Catechist all this while standing though S. Austin would have had it changed into a sitting Posture to prevent weariness 4. After this they were taught particular Points as of Faith c. Then admitted to the Lessons and the Expositions of them in publick and lastly to the Prayers of the Catechumens 5. After two or more Years they gave up their Names and Petitions to be Baptized usually before Easter and then plied with earnest Exhortations to Repentance Fasting and Prayer 6. The Apostles and next the Bishops were Catechists afterwards the Office was devolved on others as Cyprian appointed one Optatus one not of the Clergy Augustine one Deo-gratias a Deacon Demetrius Bishop of Alexandria made Origen at eighteen Years a Catechist of that Famous School In a Synod held at Clovershow or Clyff under Cuthbert Arch-Bishop of Canterbury A. C. 〈◊〉 it was ordained That those Priests who did not as yet understand the Creed and the Lords Prayer should both learn themselves and teach them to others in the English-Tongue Speâ—m Concil p. 242. Can. 10. By Canons given under King Edgar A. C. 967. care was taken That Children should be taught their Pater-noster and Credo by their Parents else when dead not to be buried in Consecrated Ground or thought worthy to receive the Eucharist Ibid. p. 447. Can. 17.22 Much the same thing and in the same words is enjoyned amongst the Ecclesiastick Laws of K. Knute a. 1032. A. C. 1548. Arch-Bishop Cranmer compiled a Catechism dedicates it to the King and in his Epistle complains of the great neglect that had been in former times of Catechising Dr. Burnet's Hist of the Reformation It was the Observation of the Learned'st King that ever sate on the English Throne That the Cause of the Miscarriage of our People into Popery and other Errors was their ungroundedness in the Points of Catechism Therefore his said Late Majesty gave publick Order for bestowing the latter part of the LORD's Day in Familiar Catechism For my part I have spent the greater half of my Life in this station of Holy Service I thank GOD not unpainfully not unprofitably But there is no one thing whereof I repent so much as not to have bestowed more Hours in this Publick Exercise of Catechism in regard whereof I could quarrel with my very Sermons c. Bp. Jos Hall Ep. Ded. to the Old Relig. Geldria One of the Deputies of Geldria to shew the Force of Catechising told That amongst them a Minister who at his first coming to his Living found all his Parishioners Papists so that he must Preach to the Walls c. But by going to their Houses and expounding the Grounds of Religion within a Year he gained them all
to Church Mr. Hales Let. from Dort to Sir D. Carleton Helvetia One of the Helvetian Deputies declared That with them all Persons before Marriage were to be Examined by the Minister else their Marriage was to be deferr'd Idem A Catechism answering in bare Texts of Scripture was desired by the Remonstrants at the Synod of Dort to gain Anabaptists c. Idem Palatinate In the Palatinate in Sundays at one a Clock the Bell rings duly to Assemble the young People together at Church in order to be Catechised where Persons grown up to Men and Women submit themselves willingly to Catechetical Instruction and aged Persons disdain not to give their Presence The Ordinance is attended with Psalms and Prayers Protestants of France The Protestants of France have a large Catechism which they expound on Sundays Afternoon Papists The Papists have their Catechism likewise and Catechising used amongst them See afterwards under the Title of Discipline Frequency and Devotion at the Sacrament Jews THey embrace Circumcision for a Sacrament of Divine Institution and a Sign and Seal of the Covenant seldom deferring it longer than the eighth day doing it sometimes at home the Richer in the Synagogue The chief Officer or Circumciser is Mohel the God-father is called Baal-berith who receives the Child at the Synagogue-Door with this Acclamation Blessed is he the Child or Elias that comes and holds the Child to the Mohel who gives GOD thanks for this Sacrament given to Abraham Whilest the Fore-skin is taking away the Father thanks the Lord that he gave Abraham a heart to fulfill the Law of Circumcision and preserv'd him to see this his Son circumcised When he hath done the Mohel prays that the Child may live to see his Sons thus initiated may keep the Law and do good Works Then he taking a Cup of Wine and blessing God for creating the Vine and giving it an exhilarating Vertue dips the little Finger of his left Hand thrice in the Wine and lets it drop in the Child's mouth and having tasted it himself reaches it to the Congregation After which the Mohel gives GOD thanks that he hath Sanctified the Child in the Womb and hath brought it to the Foederal-Sacrament c. Then he takes the Infant from the Baal-berith and delivering it to the Father gives it a Name praying for him c. Dr. Addison I forgot to tell that at the Baal-berth's giving the Child to the Mohel is sung Deut. 15. They are not peremptory about the precise time of eight Days I knew one Jacob Israel Balgara born in Spain Circumcised in Barbary in the fortieth Year of his Age. They are careful not to delay the first occasion of being Circumcised The negligence of Parents herein is liable to Excommunication If a Child die before the eighth day 't is Circumcised at the place of Burial with only giving it a Name c. In the celebration of the Passeover they run home from the Synagogues at Even where they have in one Dish three Cakes in another a rosted Leg of Lamb with an hard Egg in another Pap and spiced Wine and divers Fruits in another Lettice Parsley c. Rosse Christians Serapion having lapsed and on his Death-bed desiring Reconciliation and the Sacrament and none being willing to communicate with him he sent his Boy to the Pastor who being also sick sent the Eucharist by the Boy after he had re-received the Sop he immediately died Dr. Cave Calvinists A Gentleman of no mean rank being a Candidate of Divinity and assisting at the Administration of the Sacrament while he was holding the Cup fixed his Eyes upon a Gentlewoman who was betrothed to him She some days after at her Father's House ask'd him the Reason He told her because he had almost a fancy to drink her Health Whereupon she began to hate and utterly detest him and the Matter being spread abroad he was taken Prisoner and some Weeks after Condemned and Beheaded Werndley in his Liturgia Tigurina Heathens Gaurs The Gaurs in Persia at the Birth of their Children practise something like our Baptism for some days after the Child is born they wash it with Water wherein certain Flowers are first boyl'd and during that dipping the Priest who is present makes certain Prayers If the Child dye without that washing they do not believe but that it goes to Paradise but the Parents shall give an account for their neglect because the washing encreases his Favour in the sight of GOD. M. Tavern l. 4. Armenians The Armenians always Communicate at their Marriage and during the Administration they Sing and play on certain great Cymbals D. of H. Emb. Trav. Those aged Persons that Communicate not once a Year and Children dying unbaptized are not buried in the Church-yard Idem p. 208. Muscovites Those Muscovites who receive the Sacrament prepare themselves by extraordinary Mortifications for eight days eating nothing but a hard kind of Bread and drinking nothing but Water and Quas which is so sowre that it wrings the Belly and brings to Death's door and make their Confession Such as have taken an Oath lately in any Law-suit or committed Murder or any heinous Sin are debarr'd 'till death There are but few that neglect to receive the Sacrament at Easter Sacraments Muscovites THE Muscovites think Baptism the only Door through which a Man must enter into Christ and so into Paradise They Baptize their Children as soon as born if weak at home if well at Church The way thus 1. The Priest receives the Child at the Church-Door from the God-father and God-mother crosses and blesses him saying The Lord preserve thy going out and coming in receives Wax-Candles uses Incense c. 2. Makes a Procession about the Font 3 times with the God-father c. the Clerk going before with the Picture of S. John the Priest reading in the interim c. 3. The God-fathers give the Child's Name in Writing which the Priest puts on an Image upon the Child's breast saying over certain Prayers 4. He asks the God-fathers if the Child believe in God the Father Son and H. Ghost 5. All turn their Backs upon the Font to shew their horrour for those three Questions that are to be ask'd afterwards viz. If he renounced the Devil his Angels and his Works To which the God-fathers answer three times and spit so often on the ground 6. Then they face about and the Priest asks If they will bring up the Child in the true Greek Religion 7. He Exorcises the Child by putting his hand on him and blowing three times cross and saying Get out of this Child thou unclean Spirit 8. He cuts off a little of the Child's hair puts it in a Book dips the naked Child three times in the Water In the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost 9. Puts a corn of Salt in the Child's mouth crosses it on the Fore-head Hands Breast Back with Oil puts a clean Shirt on him saying Thou art as clean as this
shewing our fitness to praise God at all times 1. A particular Collect for the Day 2. A Commemoration out of the Dypticks 3. Another Collect post Nomina 4. Another Ad Pacem 5. A Preface relating to the Saint commemorated 6. Concluded with a Trisagion 7. Another relating to the Consecration 8. A devout Prayer for benefit by the Sacrament 9. A Collect for the Occasion ended with the Lord's Prayer 10. A Conclusion for the Day 11. A Benediction for the people 12. A Collect after the Eucharist 13. A short Thanksgiving Stilling fl ex Card. Bon. rerum Liturg. l. 1. c. 12. Mahometan Their Liturgy is in the Arabian Tongue not understood by many of the common People yet is repeated by the Moolaas or Priests and also by she common People The Mahometans also rehearse the Names of God and of Mahomet certain times on their Beads as the Papists do their Prayers The Devout Mahometans in a solemn manner assemble in their Mosquits or Churches where by their Moolaas upon Fridays some selected parts of their Alcoran are publickly read unto them which their Moolaas never touch without an expression of much outward Reverence And then they deliver some precepts out of it Purchas thus describeth their Method 1. They Wash 2. Go with a Sober pace to the Mâ—squit 3. In the Mesch it they all turn their Faces Southwards towards Mecha as the Jews towards Jerusalem 4. The Meizin or Sexton stands up and reads that Psalm which before he had cryed to them in the Steeple 5. Every one stands up holding his Hands fasten'd to his Waste and bow their Heads to their Feet with great Reverence and without stirring 6. Then the Iâ—am reads a Psalm aloud the Meizin as the Clark answering 7. This ended they fall on the ground and say Sabau Alla Sabau Alla Sabau Alla God have Mercy c. abiding Prostrate till 8. The Imam sings again his Psalm and then they rise This they do four or five times 9. The Meizin with a loud voice Prays God to Inspire the Christians Jews Greeks and all Infidels to return to their Law all kneeling and then with his hand lift up crying Amin Amin. 10. They touch their Eyes or wipe them with their hands as blessing themselves and bring their hands over their Face they depart Out of Menavius On Friday at nine of the Clock the Priest Preaches to the People out of the Life of Mahomet after which two little Boys stand up and sing certain Prayers Which ended the Priest and all the People with a low Voice sing a Psalm and then for half an hour they cry Illah Illelah i. e. There is but one God After all this one of the Antippi out of the high place 30 steps high shews to the People a Lance and Scimiter with Exhortation to use their Swords and Lances in defence of their Religion Purch Antient Heathen The Order of the Roman-Heathen Service out of Galâ—â—uchius 1. A choice was made of the Animals proper to the Gods A Buck for Mars a Horse and Bull for Neptune a He-goat for Bacchus Cows for Ceres and Juno She-goats for Diana young Kids for Faunus c. 2. They examined the Sacrifice whether it had any Blemish or Spot 3. They Lustrated 1. The Sacrifices 2. The Utensils 3. The people present who if they had any denatural default were driven a way by the Herald crying Procul este profani 4. The Priest took a himp of Burnt Corn or Meal mixt with Salt and Water called salsa fruges or mold salsa or Libum Adoreum and cast it upon the Victim 5. They killed the Victim and if it were an Holocaust burnt it all in the Fire otherwise part was reserved for the Priest and part for them that gave it 6. While the Beast was laid upon the Fire the Officers held their hands upon it and Prayed with the Priest 7. Then they poured Wine into the Fire 8. They Danced round about the Altar and sung Hymns 9. The Herald called upon the Priest Age quod Agis Modern Heathen The Chingulayes in Worshipping the Planets 1. Make Images of Clay deformed horrible in shape some with Tusks some with Horns c. 2. Set victuals before them and when they do it in case of sickness they breing the Sick Man and lay him before them all the while 3. They use Drums Pipes Dancing all Night and Day at least while the Ceremony lasts 4. They throw the Images into the High-way and the Victuals are eaten by Attendants and Beggars In Worshipping the Devils 1. They build a new House in their Yard like a Barn very slight covered with Leaves and Adorned with Branches and Flowers 2. They bring some Weapons or Instruments out of the Pagods and lay them on Stools at one end 3. They use Drumming Singing Piping and Dancing 4. They give away the Victuals to the Drummers Pipers Beggars and Vagabonds In Worship of the Supreme God 1. Observe they seldom do it but when lesser Devils fail 2. They prepare an Offering of Victuals ready dressed one dish always a red Cock. 3. They carry this Sacrifice into the Woods and lay it down to the Honour of their great Idol 4. There are Men before the Offering in an horrible disguise like Devils with Bells about their Legs and Doublets of a strange Fashion Dancing and Singing to invite if possible the God himself to come and eat of the Sacrifice 5. The Sick Person on whose account this Service is performed is all the while present Cap. Knox. In Guinea and the East-Indies they use neither Form nor Method in their Devotions But every one makes a God after his own Fancy Author of the view of the Engl. Acquis in Guin and E. Ind. On Festival-days the Felistero having 1. Set a Table in the Market-place 2. He placeth a seat upon it and sitteth thereon 3. He Preacheth 4. The Women offer him their Infants whom he sprinkles with Water in which a live Snake swims wherewith he likewise besprinkles the Table 5. He then uttereth certain words very loud 6. He stroakes the Children with some kind of Colours as if giving his blessing 7. He himself drinks the Water 8. The People clap their hands and cry I on I on and so he dismisseth the Assembly View of the Engl. Acquis in Guinea c. Diabolical Delrius tells us of some Semblance of Mass used at the Witches Meeting and a kind of Sacrament Disq Mag. l. 6. Glanvil tells us of 1. Kissing the Devil's Breech 2. Renouncing their Baptismal Covenant 3. Giving Soul and Body to him 4. Promising to observe his Laws and to do mischief and to keep secrets 5. Signing the Paper wherein these Articles are contained with an O or Cross which they make with Blood out of the fourth Finger of the right hand 6. Calling him Robin or saying O Satan give me my purpose 7. Doing courtesy to him 8. Anointing themselves with Oyl which the Spirit brings them 9. Permitting the Devil
to suck them in the Poll or elsewhere to suck their Blood once in 24 hours 10. The Devil promising to them to live gallantly having pleasure of the World for so many years that they shall want nothing Clothes Victuals nor Money 11. Giving Six Pence and vanishing with the paper 12. At their solemn Meetings upon the way saying Thout Tout a Tout Throughout and about 13. After Meeting and due courtesy done and other service they have a cloth laid on the ground c. 14. Wine Cakes Rost-meat Drink c. 15. The Devil sits at the upper end of the Table 16. Useth some words before meat 17. Bidding the Guests welcome 18. Plays upon a Pipe or Cittern 19. The Name of God or Jesus not mention'd at their Meetings 20. Giving them power to bewitch persons either by 1. Baptizing a Picture of Wax c. The Devil saying I Baptize thee with this Oyl The Witches saying A Pox on thee Ill spite thee c. The Devil himself being Godfather Or 2. Giving an Apple Dish Spoon c. Or 3. By a Touch or Curse c. 21. Sometimes they have Carnal Copulation together at such Meetings 22. The Devil leaves an ugly smell at parting 23. They use such words as these at parting A Boy merry meâ—t merry part 24. As they return homewards Rentum Tormentum In short the Devil keeps to no order is no where constant to himself In Popish Countries can be Papist in Turky Mahometan and adapt himself to the Humour of his Disciples The Order of the Jewish Service in Barbary out of Dr. Addison Jewish 1. THey spend some time in the Meditation of the Divine Attributes 2. They repeat to themselves Numb 24.5 How goodly are thy Tents c. And Psal 26.8 O Lord I have loved the habitation of thine house c. 3. They lay the right hand on the heart and bowing their Bodies toward the Chest wherein the law is kept they begin the publick Service 1. With Psal 5.7 As for me I will come into thy house in the multitude of thy mercies c. 2. After the appointed course of the Psalms they have Two Lessons the first out of the Law the second out of the Prophets 3. They Pray 1. Standing 2. Girt 3. With the Head bowed 4. Their Face toward Jerusalem 5. Their hands on their heart 6. Uttering their Prayers in a sort of plain Song 7. Without Spitting or Belching c. 8. At Confession of Sins using Prostration and shewing a great sense of their own vileness 9. At pronopuncing of Holy Holy Holy Lord God c. they jump up three times Ancient Christian The Order of the Divine Service amongst the Primitive Christians out of Dr. Cave The manner various commonly thus 1. They began with Prayers probably v. Tertul Apol. c. 39. 2. Read the Scriptures The Quantum arbitrary The Apost Constitut appoint two Lessons S. Clemens Epistle to the Corinth Hermas's Pastor The Writings of S. Ephrem Read in some places after Holy Service 3. They sung Hymns and Psalms vid. post 4. The Presbyters and President of the Assembly preach'd and made Exhortations one after another 5. Prayers were made for Catechumens Penitents Possessed c. according to their respective Capacities the Persons in every rank departing as soon as the Prayer that particularly concerned them was done 1. The Catechumens departed 2. The Penitents The Deacons crying aloud 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Lat. Ite missa est 6. The Faithful only the Catechumens gone and the Doors shut proceeded to the Lord's Supper wherein they 1. Prayed for all states of Men c. 2. Gave the kiss of Charity 3. Prayed for the Consecration of the Eucharist 4. Received the Elements 5. Made their Offerings 7. They Admonished Censured Absolved c. 8. They concluded with a Blessing Afternoon Note They had publick Prayers and Sermon to the People in the Afternoon Chrysost Basil Augustine make sufficient evidence of it 9. The People stretched out their right-hand the left-hand being put under it Cyril 10. During the Administration they sung Psalms Psal 33. constit Apost and Hymns 11. Concluding with Prayer and Thanks-giving 12. Saluting each other with a Kiss of Peace Signacula Orationis Tertull. Ancient Heathen The Order of their Service out of other Authors D'Assigny c. 1. The Priest washes hands in pure Water 2. He leads the Sacrifice to the Altar 3. Before they offered to Jupiter they offered Praoedancae Hostia some preparatory things to the Daemones or Angels that they might intercede for them to the God 4. If these appeared unlucky they offered others succedancae Hostiae 5. The Priest offered a set Form of Prayer to Janus and Vesta 6. He mark'd the Beast with his Knife from head to tail and if he appeared unruly they let him go and took another 7. Laid upon his head and back the mola salsa mixt with Frankincense 8. Tasted a Cup of Wine 9. Caused the Assistants to do the like 10. Poured the remainder of the Wine between the Horns of the Beast 11. Took from that place a few Hairs called prima libamina and cast them into the Fire 12. Commanded an Officer to kill the Beast 13. The Assistants flead him lighted the Wood c. 14. The Sooth-sayer with a long Knife turned the Bowels up and down to observe them and tell his Judgment upon them for they might not touch them with their hands 15. The Priest cast some Frankincense in the Fire with some Wine 16. The Priest taking that part of every Member which the Officers had cut out into a Blatter called Lanx or Discus did litare i. e. cast them into the Flames to appease the God 17. While this was doing the Priest and the Person that gave the Victim did jointly make their Prayers to the God with their hands upon the Altar 18. Then they with the Assistants went to Feast upon the Remainder of the Sacrifice singing the Praises of their God 19. After the Banquet they returned to the Altar and cast into the Flames the Morsells of Meat that were left with the Tongue and some Wine 20. They returned Thanks to the God for the Honour of sharing with him in the Victim 21. At Rome they concluded with Prayers to Janus and Vesta the Tutelary Gods of the Empire N. B. At the beginning the Herald called to the People Favete linguis Afterwards to the Priest Age quod Agis Jewish Their Order of Service in Rome Venice Worms Mentz Frankfort c. at this day out of Mr. Rosse 1. THey wash and scrape their Shoes 2. They enter the Synagogue with great Reverence bowing towards the Ark. 3. Are tied to a set Form of Prayer by Book 4. The People answer Amen Though their Liturgy be in the old Hebrew which the People genearlly understand not 5. They utter divers brief Benedictions and after them some short Prayers 6. Instead of Sacrifices because banished from Jerusalem they read the Law concerning
Mr. de Thev vid. postea Cophties 1. So called from Coptus the Metropolis of Thebais formerly or Egophtia Egypt 2. Their Country Language is Arabic the Coptic Tongue is in their Offices 3. Cophties All Monophysites c. Abyssins All Monophysites c. Armenians All Monophysites c. Jacobites All Monophysites c. i. e. They will not acknowledge two Natures in Christ for fear of acknowledging two Christs 4. They are subject to One who calls himself Patriarch of Alexandria and Jerusalem and Successor of St. Mark who hath Jurisdiction over Both Aegypts Nubia and Abyssinia 5. Upon him depend Eleven Cophty-Bishops viz. Of Jerusalem Behnese Atsih Film Moharrah Montfallot Sijut Abutig Girgium Negade Girge And the Metropolitan of Abyssinia 6. Next Bishops are Arch-Priests many in number 7. Next Priests Deacons Readers Chanters So ignorant they have scarce a Man among them fit to be a Patriarch and so poor they are scarce able to raise a Sum of Money to give the Basha for his Admission They have many fabulous Stories about our Saviour's Life as that an Angel brought him Victuals in his Minority M. de Thev Armenians 1. Scha-Abas King of Persia his Victories over the Armenians hath almost ruined this Church saith F. Simon which others deny 2. The Patriarch of Armenia had his Seat lately at Egmiathin 3. They still retain the Names of some Arch-Bishopricks Bishopricks and Monasteries 4. Many Armenians are now in the Communion with the Church of Rome 5. They are all Monophysites 6. They agree mostly with the Jacobites except some Ceremonies Their Mass is in the Armenian-Tongue 7. They reject the Council of Chalcedon 8. They are Subject to two Patriarchs each called Patriarch of Armenia and have 400000 Villages under them 9. The Curates and Bishops succeed qu. by Inheritance 10. Armenians in Ispahan not inconsiderable for number Jacobites Properly so called are such as live in Syria and Mesopotamia about 40000 Families of which some are Latiniz'd and some not these last have two Patriarchs one at Caramit the other at Derzapharan The Patriarch of the Latiniz'd Jacobites resides at Aleppo and depends on Rome They Communicate with Leaven'd Bread Abyssins of Ethiop 1. So called from Abassia i. e. Ancient Ethiopia 2. They are Subject to one Bishop sent from the Patriarch of Alexandria who resides at Cairo 3. John Bermudas made Patriarch of Ethiopia at Rome at the request of the Abyssins themselves most know what became of him viz. Banisht 4. One David who called himself Emperor of the greater and Ethiopia wrote a Letter to Pope Clement VII protesting Obedience 5. Their Language is a Chaldaic used in their Liturgies much differing from the Vulgar Chaldiac F. Sim. A great Countrey seven Months Travel in circuit The King and all the People of the Cophtie Religion M. de Thev Purchas saith no They call themselves Chaldeans Sam. Purchas Maronites 1. So called from Maron as they pretend an Abbot whose Life Theodoret hath writ who lived in the beginning of the Fifth Century whom they all Saint in all thier Offices 2. Their Patriarch resides in the Monastery of Cannabin on Mount Libanus called Patriarch of Antioch 3. They are entirely submitted to the Church of Rome and a Reformation is made in their Offices Discipline c. 4. The Maronites of a sweet Temper but inconstant their Women very modest 5. They disclaim the Error of Monothelism F. Sim. The Maronites at Damascus so poor that when I was there their Curate had been in Prison a long while for three Piasters M. de Thev N. B. They are of late fully reconciled to the Church of Rome F. Simon Doctrines common to all the Eastern Churches 1. THey refuse to own the Bishop of Rome as Universal Bishop 2. They pray for the Dead 3. Yet they deny Purgatory 4. They observe Saturday 5. They abstain from things strangled and Blood Not out of respect to the Mosaic Law but Apostolick Decree and they rebuke us for laying that Decree aside Ludolph The Abyssins also from the shrunk Sinew Lud. 6. They believe not the procession of the Holy Ghost from the Son 7. They buy and sell the Sacraments and drive the Bargain with much eagerness 8. The Priests are generally poor and ignorant yet the Patriarch of Abassia is reported by one that describes the River Nilus and the Abass Emp. p. 54. to be excellently skilled in Divine and Humane Learning F. Simon Ludolphus denies it 8 The pure Orientals deny Transubstantiation The Latiniz'd not so 9. They kneel not in their Churches but lean on Crutches or stand 10. They have a Candlestick with three Candles representing the Trinity Another with two Candles to signifie the two Natures of Christ 11. In giving the Blessing they make the sign of the Cross from the right hand to the left 12. Maids shew not themselves before Marriage nor a long time after no not to their Relations and go not to Church for fear of being seen M. de Thev but this is not equally affirmed of all 13. They have four Lents in the Year 1. The first six Weeks before Easter till Easter-day The Muscovites 7 Weeks 2. The second fifteen days before S. Peter and Paul's day 'till that day 3. The third from August the first 'till Assumption-day i. e. fifteen days 4. The fourth from the first Sunday of Advent 'till Christmass-day During the three last Lents they may eat Fish and Oil but in the first neither nor any thing that hath Blood but only Herbs and Shell-fish M. de Thev But I find not this certainly affirm'd of the Abyssins 14. They Fast twice besides in seven days upon the fourth and sixth Holy-day Job Lud. l. 3. The reason of which was by Tzagazaab an Abassian said to be for that the fourt day the murder of Christ was concluded upon and the sixth it was executed according to what many of the Ancients taught But others believe These two Fasting-days were taken up in imitation of the Ancient Jews Ibid. 15. The Greeks Armenians Russians and other Oriental Christians begin the Year from the Calends of September as supposing that the World was created at the time of the Autumnal Equinoctial Ibid. Their Year consists of Twelve Months each Month hath thirty days To every three years they add five days to every four six days to supply the Solar year So that their Feasts happen on the same days with ours according to the Julian Account The Feast of the Nativity is Celebrated the same day with us viz. Decemb. 25. their 28. ibid. 26. The Grecians Armenians Russians and especially the Abyssinians not only permit their Priests to Marry but soonest prefer the Husbands of Wives insomuch that the nearest way to preferment among them is to Mary Idem l. 3. c. 7. Proper Doctrines and Vsages Baptism Chrism c. Greeks 1. Mysteries viz. Six 1. Baptism viz. 1. They present the Child at the Church-Porch to receive the blessing of the Priest 2. The Priest there
seals the Child i. e. crosseth him on the Forehead Mouth Breast recites a Prayer and waves him in his Arms in form of a Cross elevates him and dismisseth him 3. He blows three times on the Child to dispossess the Devil 4. Pours Water in form of a Cross in token of peace with God 5. Takes the Child out of the Gossip's Arms of which they never have but one and makes the sign of the Cross with Oyl on the Fore-head Breast Reins saying 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 6. He next dips it 3 times in water and looking toward the East saith The servant of God is Baptized in the Name of the Father Amen Of the Son Amen c. N. Their Gossips or Compatri commence a great Friendship and fancy that they cannot mix consanguinity 2. Chrism Tho joyned with Baptism is different from it grounded on 2 Cor. 1.21 22. On Good Friay the Arch-bishop or Bishop consecrates the Oyl It is made of Xylobalsamum Echinanthes Myrrh Xylocatia Carpobalsamum Laudanum and other Gums and Spices F. Simon They defer Baptism till the 3d 4th 6th 10th 14th year 3. Eucharist 1. For preparation they distribute Panem Benedictum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the parts of Bread which remain of the Consecrated Loaf These they carry home to such as cannot come These they say have power to remit Venial Sins 2. In the Chancel on a Table is a Loaf set in this form 3. This the Priest Signs three times using these words In the remembrance of our Lord God and Saviour Jesus Christ 4. He strikes a small Lance several times into the Loaf saying by parcels As a Lamb before his Shearers c. 5. Cuts a piece for himself lays it by the Patina thrusts his Lance into the Bread again with other words cuts a second part forms it like ▵ saying In honour and memory of our blessed Lady Mother of God and perpetual Virgin Mary through whose Prayers O Lord accept this Sacrifice to thine Altar 6. Then cuts out more pieces in memory of John Baptist Moses Aaron Peter Paul Basil Gregory Cosma Damianus c. And Lastly a ninth in honor of S. Chrysostom whose Liturgy is read that day The 9 parcels in reference to the 9 Hierarchies of Angels 7. Then follows the Offertory for the Living every Christian Prelate and the particular Bishop that Ordained the Priest especially those who paid for that Mass the Founders of the Church the Parents and Friends of those which paid for the Mass 8. The Priest lifts up a Silver Star over the Bread saying some short Prayers goes from the place of the Offertory reads the Epistle and Gospel for the day returns covers the Bread and Wine sets it on his Head carries it in Procession through all the Church the People bowing making Crosses throwing infirm persons in the way 9. The Apostles Creed is recited the Veil taken off Air moved over the Bread with a Fan signifying the breath of the Spirit c. 10. The words of Consecration are used In the same night c. 11. Then this Prayer Lord who in the third hour didst send thy Holy Spirit graciously take it not away from us but grant it to us Lord make clean our Hearts within us with some short Soliloques which Prayer is repeated three times with the head bowed down 12. Then the Priest raising himself saith Lord hear my Prayer and lifting up his hand by way of Blessing adds Make this Bread the Holy Body of Christ Amen 13. Here the Consecration being finished he goes on Thou art my God thou art my King I adore thee piously and Faithfully 14. Then covering the Chalice he elevates it and the People worship it 15. The Priest sups three times 16. Those who intend to Communicate first go to the bottom of the Church there to ask forgiveness of the Congregation in these words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Answer is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 17. It is their custom to conserve the Sacrament for the use of the Sick Haec ex D. Addison They gave the Sacrament to the Children at Baptism Believers not to be forced to the Sacrament They carry the Sacrament to the Sick without Torches Keep it in a Box and hang it on a Wall They hold tha the Sacrament Consecrated on Holy Thursdays is most Efficacious F. Simon They use Unleavened Bread Administer in both kinds Christ à Jelinger Greeks out of Dr. Addison 4. Priesthood Is accounted a Mystery for its Power and Energy 1 Cor. 4.1 Of this there are these Orders 1. Anagnostes who reads the Hymns which are Sung and the Prophets of the Old Testament 2. The Psaltes who sings the Psalms of David 3. Lampadarios who trims the Lamps 4. Deacons and Subdeacons who read the Epistles and Gospels 5. Secular Priests who can all read and write yet few skill'd in the School-Greek or Latin or Hebrew or Philosophy all books being counted Unlawful but such as treat of Divinity and a Godly Life They are called Papa's They cannot Marry a second time who when Widowers wear Caps turn'd up with white with a fall hanging down on their backs but this is often forfeited and cut off by the Bishop for some sin 6. Religious Priests Kaloirs from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Monks Encloistered professing Chastity and obedience of the Orders of S. Basil besides which they have no other Their Habit A long Cassock of Course Cloth of Camels Colour with a Cap of Felt or Wool made to cover the Ears with a black Coul called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 They abstain from Flesh all their Life Some more strict called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 take nothing else but Bread and Water but these are commonly Anchorites several dwell on Mount Athos Their Hair long Their Services are very ridiculous and prolix Every day in Lent they read over the Psaltar once and at the end of every 4 Psalms say Gloria Patri c. with 3 Metagnai or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bowing or kissing the ground 3 times At the end of every 10 Psalms 40 Metagnai which every Kaloir doth 300 times every 24 Hours unless sick and then his Priest must do it for him The one half of these are performed the two first hours of the Night the other half at midnight before they arise to Mattins which begin 4 hours before Day Out of some Monasteries they send 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Messengers to collect Contributions who stay out five years begging the Charity of good People some of which being Temperate live long I knew one 119 years old his Father liv'd but to 80 his Grandfather to 158. Several Monasteries on Mount Athos where the Kaloirs 6000 in number work in such Employments as they are best skill'd in Every Monastery hath its Library but disorderly ones few books but of Divinity few choice ones of them Nor one Book they say varying from the Doctrine of the 7th Council