first Reformation and to restore Episcopacy So that it 's very evident that the Presbyterians do falsly pretend that Episcopacy or Superiority of Pastors is against the purity of their first Reformation and that parity of Ministers or Presbyterian governement is conform to it the contrary being most certaine out of their owne Records Next I found they came as little speed of their pretence of the word of God which is so far from condemning Episcopacy as evil and Anti-Christian that it rather commends it as good and Christian 3. Tim. ch 3. v. 1. S Paul writing to Timothee saith This is a true or faithfull saying If a man desire a Bishops office he desireth a good worke And that we may not contend about names I find the same S. Paul acknowledging in Timothee the power of iudging and ordaining Presbyters in which the power and Svperiority of Bishops principally consists For in the 5. chap. of the same epistle he saith Against a Presbyter receive not an accusation but vnder two or three witnesses And ver 22. Lay not thy hands suddenly on no man He sheweth also that he had left Titus in the isle of Crete to ordaine Priests by cities Tit. ch 1. v. 5. By this I saw as I conceived clearly enough that all Pastors are not equall but some are Superiour to others and that a Bishop and a Minister is not the same as the Presbyterians do pretend since the one hath power to iudge and ordaine which the other hath not Therevpon I made this observation If it be a true or faithfull saying as the Apostle speaks to call the office of Bishop good Then it is neither a true nor faithfull saying to call it evil as the Presbyterians speaks If the office of Bishop be a good worke then it was no good worke in the Presbyterians to condemn it as Anti-Christian For that is not only to contradict the Scripture but also to incurre the curse threatned by the Prophet Esay 5.20 Wo vnto them who call's evil good and good evil More over Christ himself did institute diverse degrees of Pastors in his Church when he choosed 12. Apostles Luce c. 6. and thereafter 72. Disciples Now it appear'd very evident vnto me that as the Apostles were distinguished from the Disciples by their diverse institution Luce c. 10. number and more intire familiarity with Christ by whom they were privily instructed so they were in a higher degree and dignity above the other Disciples which truth is much illustrated and confirmed by the solemn assumption of Matthias who was before one of the Disciples vnto the Apostle ship Act. 1. or as S. Peter sheweth out of the Psalmes the Bishoprike of Iudas Lastly God did institute in the old Testament diverse degrees of the high Priests the other Priests and Levits as Calvin himself confesseth Therefore it seem'd vnto me there was no repugnancy Cal. lib. 4. Inst c. 6. §. 2. why the like goodly Order and Subordination of Pastors might not also be in the new Testament yea rather all reason doth require that these things ought to be in the Church of Christ and that more excellently and perfectly then in the Synagogue of the Iewes since this is but a shaddow and type of the other But although the Scriptures being duely considered seemed clear enough in this matter yet for more security and to take away endlesse ianglings and wranglings which some contentious heads makes vpon the clearest words of Scripture I had my next recours vnto the interpretation of the holy Fathers practise of the Primitive Church And I found that they did not only vnderstand the Scriptures for the Superiority of Bishops over other Pastours but also they condemned the contrary opinion as a wicked heresy in Aerius S. Augustin Aug. lib. 19. de Ciu. c. 19. explaining these words of S. Paul above cited who desireth a Bishops Office desireth a good worke saith the Apostle would shew what the Office of a Bishop is for it 's a name of of labour and not of honour that he may know himself not to be a Bishop Who delights to preside not to profite Hier. ap Cornel in hunc loc S. Hierom sheweth that in the primitive Church the Office of a Bishop was the next degree to Martyrdome for Bishops being the chiefe Leaders of Christians were most diligently searched out persecuted by the Pagans Therefore the Office of a Bishop being so high and excellent so hard dangerous it was no wonder that the Apostle did require so many excellent vertues and qualities in any Dion lib. de Eccles hier c. 5. who desireth that office which he call's a good worke I will only adde to these two most ancient Fathers for confirmation of this truth S. Denys Arcopagita the disciple of S. Paul describing the Hierarchy instituted by God in the Church putteth the Bishops in the first place the Priests in the second and the Ministers or Deacons in the third And S. Ignatius the disciple also of the Apostles and Bishop of Antioch doth shew this excellent subordination of Pastours in the Church for thus he writes in one of his epistles Priests be subiect vnto your Bishop Deacons vnto Priests Ignat. epist ad Taâ—sens and you people vnto Priests and Deacons Who shall observe this comelinesse of Order I would willingly change my Soule with theirs and our Lord be with them for ever The Presbyterians have not only not observed that comelinesse of Order but they have condemn'd it and brought in the vglinesse of confusion and therefore they want this holy Martyrs benediction The holy Fathers also do constantly teach that the Bishops do succeed vnto the Apostles and the Priests vnto the 70. Disciples and therefore the Bishops are greater then the Priests Yea the most eminent among all the holy Fathers were Bishops although diverse of them were advanced to that dignity much against their will And besids all these testimonies I found the practice of the whole primitive Church which was alwayes governed by B shops from the beginning I must professe that considering all these things I was fully satisfyed and resolved not to abandon all these authorities of Scriptures Fathers and the whole ancient Church for the Ministers strong cry's and bare words which they only bring against them all I was much confirmed in this resolution when I found the contrary opinion concerning parity of Pastours which is now maintayn'd by the Presbyterians to be condemned as an ancient heresy by the holy Fathers S. Epiphanius writes thus of Aerius His speech was more furious then became any man for he said what differs a Bishop from a Priest there is no difference the order is one the honour one and the dignity is the same And confuting it a little after Epiph. haeres 75. he saith That this matter is full of fully is manifest to all wise men For that a Bishop and a Priest are not
the same the divine word of the Apostle doth teach And after he hath proved from the words of the Apostle above cited that Bishops who have power of Iudgeing Priests are above Priests then he proves also the Bishops Superiority by their power of Ordination How is it possible saith he that a Bishop and a Priest can be equall For that Order begetteth Fathers vnto the Church but the other hath no power to beget Fathers it only begets Children vnto the Church by the lauer of regeneration and not Fathers and Masters And how is it possible that one can ordaine a Priest who hath got no imposition of hands Aug. lib de haeres hare 53. for Ordination S. Augustin also reckons vp this errour of Aerius in his booke of heresies Yea S. Hierom who of all the holy Fathers doth most extoll the order of Priestood and brings it as would seem in some comparison with Episcopacy excepts alwayes the power of Ordination for thus he writes Hier. epist. ad Euagr. What doth a Bishop except Ordination that a Priest doth not also By all which it is manifest that if the Presbyterians had been living above tuelve hundred yeares ago they had been condemned in this point as Heretiques by the holy Fathers and that with more reason then the Aerians who never proceeded to their hight of arrogance to call the Office of Bishop vnlawfull and Anti-Christian Now against all this what brings the Presbyterians for themselves pure Scripture at least they pretend so which is an ordinary custome to all those whose errours are most against Scripture They bring ordinarly two places wherein they have greatest confidence The first is Math. 20.26 where our Saviour saith vnto the Apostles You know that the Princes of the Gentiles overrule them and they that are the greater exercise power against them It shall not be so among you c. The like words are repeated the 22. of S. Luke v. 24. The second place is 1. Tim. 4. v. 14. where the Apostle saith to Timothee Neglect not the grace that is in thee which is given thee by prophecie with imposition of the hands of the Presbyterie or of the Eldership as some of their bibles translates it I considered diligently these places and the rest which they bring and I could not find in any of them either Superiority of Pastours condemned nor Equality approved much lesse a Iudicatorie of 9. or 10. Ministers with a changeable Moderator established to Iudge over their brethren in all matters Ecclesiasticall There needs no more to know the truth here but to open our ey 's and read the places for impudence it self cannot affirme that the Scripture doth there expresly condemn the one or approve the other Therefore it 's a vaine and false pretence of the Presbyterians to alledge their disciplin to be contain'd expresly in the Scripture After expresse Scripture failes them then they run to their owne glosses and Consequences vpon the Scripiure which they will have the people to believe as Scripture wherein they commit a double deceit 1. To promise pure Scripture and then in place of it to give yow their owne glosses or rather guesses which are not to be found in Scriâ—ture 2. To oblige yow to believe these glosses and humane inventions to be Scripture or as Scripture As if one who had promised to give an other a quantity of gold and in place of it would give himonly brasse and then after this deceit would also oblige him to esteem the brasse to be Gold But albeit these glosses and consequences be not in Scripture yet it may be they are cleare of themselves and necessarly deduced from the Scripture as the Presbyterians pretends I found this pretence also to be false For if they were so evident and necessary then men of iudgement would easily see such glosses and make such consequences But the holy Fathers who were not only men of great Iudgement but were also most Eminent for learning and holynesse never made any such interpretations and consequences vpon the Scripture Therefore the Presbyterian glosses c. cannot be clear and evident which such holy and piercing ey 's could not see or if they saw them it was only to condemn them as hath been shewed And albeit this authority be more then sufficient to overthrow the pretended clearnesse of all these new glosses yet when I considered that the most learned of all the Protestants side as all the Lutherans in Germanie Suedland and Denmark who have their Superintendents and the late Protestant Church of England Scotland and Ireland and which is to be much here considered the Scottish Church at its first Reformation never made any such Interpretations vpon these Scriptures but had their Bishops and Superintendents then I esteem'd it a madnesse to imagin that these Presbyterian glosses could be clear and necessary which neither the holy Fathers the whole primitive Church and so many Learned Protestants and all their Churches could not see And albeit the French Protestants do admit of the Consistorial disciplin yet they do not declare Episcopacy to be absolutly Anti-Christian or that their forme is only Christian much lesse do they think it so necessarie as to overturne Kingdomes Commonwealths for setting it vp Of which Beza and du Moulin may be sufficient witnesses Beza cont Errast fol 1. Mons Moulin buck 30. aâ—t sect 12. The first saith Whosoever doth iudge this disciplin not only vnprofitable but hurtfull to their Churches Let them enioy their owne sense And much more to this purpose The other saith In so much as coÌ„cerneth Ecclesiastical disciplin we do not hold that equality of Pastors is absolutely necessary Who esteem not that order a point of faith or a doctrin of Salvation we live thanks be to God in brotherly concord with our neighbouring Churches which follow an other forme where there are Bishops some Superiority In Veron tom 2. contro de Hier. And Mons r Blondel a famous Minister in France hath lately written a booke entitled of the Primacy in the Church where he teacheth that although Superiority of Pastours be not by Divine right yet it is not against Divin right and therefore neither is equality of Pastours by Divine right All which are very far from the doctrines and practises of our Scottish Presbyterians who stands very single and bare of all authority Divine and Humane having all the world against them not only the holy Fathers and whole ancient Church but also all the old Protestants both Lutherans and Calvinists And if we shall add vnto these the Independents and Anabaptists and other new Protestants who admits of an equality among Pastours but condemns Presbyterian power and Tyranny their small authority and number is yet much diminished and the clearnesse of their glosses is much obscured Lastly if we will take away from the Presbyterians number all these who by deceit or force were gain'd vnto it their authority will appeare
those who went without mission saying I had not sent these Prophets yet they ran Ieremie 23.21 and 27.15 Iohn 10.1 and prophesied falsly in my name Christ saith who entereth not by the doore into the sheeâ—fold but climbeth another way is a theef and a robber Moreover our Saviour has put a strict obligation vpon all people to hear and obey their lawfull Pastors and has forewarned them earnestly to beware of false Prophets Of the first he saith Who heares you heares me Luke 10.16 Math. 10.15 and who contemns you contemns me And whosoever shall not receive you nor heare your words c. Verily I say vnto you it shal be more tolerable for the land of the Sodomits Gomorrhaeans in the day of Iudgment then for that Citie Of false Teachers he saith Beware Math. 24 5. Math 7.15 that no man seduce you for many shall come in my name And again Take great heede of false Prophets S. Paul to the like purpose forewarneth the Ephesians saying Take heede to your selvs I know that after my departure Act. 20.28.30 there will ravening Wolves enter in among yow c. For the which cause be Vigilant Seing then we know evidently by the Scriptures that there must remain always true and Lawfull Pastors in the Church and that false Prophets will also arise That we are obliged vnder paine of damnation to heare the first and vnder no lesse danger to beware of the last It is most certain that the goodnesse of God who promised such a clear way vnder the Gospel that fooles should not erre in it has ordaind an easy sensible way for all men to discern between true false Pastors that they may be preserved from error in so great danger or else noâ— only fooles but also wisemen might be miserably mistaken and misled to their own perdition Now the same Scripture points out this easy and direct way if men would walk in it For it shewes that all true Pastors must have sensible vocation Mission and these who want them cannot be true and Lawful Pastors First it's evident that our Saviour did sensibly call 12. Apostles and sent them with commission to feed govern his Church Secondly the Apostles did also sensibly call and ordain other Pastors as is evident in the election ordination of S. Mathias Thirdly the chief Pastors that is Bishops received also power from the Apostles to choose and ordain others as is evident in what the Scripture records of Titus and Timothee This was so evident and sensible a way that fooles might not erre in it And if this order was always observed that none could be esteem'd lawful Pastors but who were thus called and ordain'd by others who had received that power then it was as easy to know a true Pastor from a false Apostle as it is easy to know who is called to be a Iudge in the State from an vsurper for they are both discernable by easy and sensible signs This is the doore of which our Saviour speaks by which all these who are lawfull Pastors enter into the government of the Church and all these who enter not by this doore and yet vsurp that honour to be Pastors of the Church are theevs who climb vp another way and so may be easily known The auncient Iewes had also an easy way to know their ordinary Priests Pastors from vsurpers For among them none were Priests but these who were descended from Levi by Aaron by natural generation But in the Law of grace it is more easy where none are to be esteem'd Bishops Lawfull Pastors but these who are descended from the holy Apostles by visible ordination personal succession The holy Fathers did vse this succession and Vocation of Pastors as a most evident argument to demonstrat the true Church and by want of these they discovered also as clearly all false Churches For it 's certain the true Church cannot be without lawfull Pastors lawfull Pastors cannot be without lawfull Vocation ordination where there are no true Pastors lawfully called and ordaind there can be no true Church S. Ireneus proves the true Church by the Succession of Pastors Irenaâ—us lib. 3. c. 3 which he calls a clear demonstration by which all heretiques are confounded Tertullian requires the heretiques to bring forth the origine of their Churches to recite the order of their Bishops Tert. lib. de praescrip by succession from the Apostles As it is evident then that vocation succession of Pastors by lawfull ordination is an inseparable propertie of the true Church So We shall now briefly see to which Church it best agrees whither to the Protestant or to the Church in Communion with the Sea of Rome I find that the Protestant Pastors are as much perplexed to show the lawfulnesse of their Vocation after Luther as they were vexed to show where their Church was before him For they run from one shift to another and what some say others controule severly censure As there were three principal sorts of Protestants to witt the Lutherans Calvinists these of the late English Church so I find they bring three different answers to the question of their Ministers vocation Some say the Lutherian Ministers have an ordinary vocation because Luther was made a Priest in the Roman Church But this answer is frivolous For first Luther by that Vocation got only commission to preach the doctrin of that Church and not to preach against it Secondly it is monstruously absurd for the Lutherians to derive their Vocation from that Church which their first Apostle esteem'd Anti-Christian Thirdly Although Luthers own vocation were supposed to be good how could he being only a simple Priest ordain others since from the beginning of Christianity it was never known that a Priest could be ordaind by any but by a Bishop Fourthly Luther succeeded to none neither Bishop or Priest who professed his doctrin and therefore the Lutherans are in their first source destitute of succession and in their progresse of lawfull ordination and so neither Luther nor his successors have any lawfull Vocation Calvin most of his Schollers renounce the way of ordinary run to an extraordinary vocation for they are ashamed to derive their vocation from the Roman Church which they imagine to be Anti-Christian neither can they do it because Calvin was never ordain'd a Priest By the tyrannyâ— saith he of the Pope Cal. lib. 4. Instit c. 3. par 4. the true line of ordination was interrupted now there is need of a new supplâ—e And truly this was an extraordinary charge which the Lord imposed on vs. To him accords his Scholler Beza who saith that at the beginning of their Church ordinary vocation appear'd no where And Beza in epist ad Alemannum in the Conference at Poysie being enquired of his Vocation he said it was extraordinary Against this pretext of extraordinary vocation which is followed
Superiours can never be obedient to their heavenly Soveraigne When the lawes of men are against the law of God then it 's better to obey God then man but when there is no such opposition then the law of God obligeth vs to obedience and subiection S. Paul doth earnestly exhort all Christians to this duty when he saith Rom. 13.1 seq Let every soule be subiect to higher Powers for there is no power but of God And those that are of God are ordained Therefore he that resisteth the power resisteth the ordinance of God And they that resist purchasse to themselves damnation S. Peter also maketh the like exhortation 1. Pet. 2.13 and 17. How the Presbyterians have caried themselves in the duty of Subiects to the Civil Magistrate and to their other Superiours is so generally knowen and so fresh in all mens memories that it needs not be described nor amplifyed The very naming of a Presbyterian is sufficient now to raise in mens minds the true notiō of one who will obstinatly deny obediēce to those to whom he oweth it and will rigorously exact obedience from those who owes him none Indeed if the Presbyterians owne words be taken they will be esteem'd not only Saints but also most loyall and obedient subiects for so often they have tearm'd themselves But their actions alwayes bewrayes their words Conf. Vvest ch 33. n. 4. They professe in their new Confession of faith that no difference of religion yea infidelity it self cannot take away the Civil Magistrats iust right nor his peoples obedience and duty to him And yet in their practise they would not admit the King till he swore and subscribed their Covenant and solemn League which many thought were very bitter potions that went much against his stomacke Many other instances may be brought of their inordinat cariage to their Superiours and others by which they rais'd both scandal and preiudice against their religion for people seeing them to be evil Subiects and worse Masters could not think them to be good Christians but I forbeare not being willing to rip vp too much their sores wishing rather that all their bypast miscariages may be forgot and buried by their calme cariage and dutifull obedience in time to come But apparantly some in present power have no great hopes of much voluntarie amendment in them vnlesse the rod of disciplin be still kept over their heads for an eminent English Officer in his printed letter above cited speaking of the Presbyterians Christ Mod. p. 74. saith If they be not closely look'd vnto they will set all on fire againe Then for their pretext of piety I observed great shew but no substance some floorishes but small fruits huge pretexts but no performances We had indeed much preaching praying fasting and such like exercises But what were their long preachings Nothing but continual praises of the Covenant the Solemn League and Presbytery which they cryed vp to the heavens and omitted as our Saviour observed of the Pharisees the weighty matters of Gods law Math. 23. v. 23. as Iudgement mercy and faith Yea their sermons were replenished with constant and most bitter railings against their Opposers and all those who did not favour their cause by which means they armed the people with fury to aduance the Covenant and Presbytery What were their fasts But humiliations as the Prophet Esay saith for strife debate Esay 58. v. 6. and to sinne with the fist of wikednesse God faith to the Iewes Is not this the fast that I have chosen to loose the bands of wickednesse to vndo the heavie burden and to let the oppressed go free that ye break every yoke But the fasts which the Presbyterians have choosed were contrary for their fasts were to tie more firmely their Covenant which hath proved a band of wickednesse to lay heavier burdens vpon the peoples Consciences to oppresse these who were free and to augment their yokes by inventing many new oaths to the oppression of many soules It was much observed that shortly after their solemne fasts we were alwayes sure of some great claps The fast was ordinarly a preparation to some violence or evil worke that was intended This made many vnderstand what Queen Marie Stuart mean't by that famous saying That she was as much affrayed of a Fast of the Ministers as of an Armie of Souldiours for experience taught her that these fasts were sure prognostikcs of ensuing tempests Their long prayers also which were often seasoned with Tautologies and somtimes with no good sense did not prove them to be Saints more thē the like did sanctify the Pharisees They bragged much of the Spirit but shew no fruits of the Spirit if these be the fruits which S. Paul reckons out to the Gallatians Gal. 5.22 The fruit of the Spirit saith he is Love ioy peace long-suffering gentlnesse goodnesse faith meeknesse c. They rather shew and perform'd the works of the flesh which the same Apostle doth there recount The works of the flesh are manifest Ibid. v. 19.20 which are fornication c. hatred variance emulation wrath strife seditions heresies Envyings murders c. If they lived in the Spirit then they should have walked in the Spirit as the same Apostle exhort's and so they would have been better beleeved In a word if piety consists in many externall sighes and grones in long prayer and graces in wringing of hands making of strange faces in turning of the eyes and in dolefull houlings and cryes which were commonly called the Sough If piety I say consists in such things we had abondance of it but if it require some greater perfections and better fruits Then we were very scarce of it Indeed if we would heare and believe these Presbyterian Ministers we were the happiest people of the world for they said we only of all Nations had the honour to be Covenanters with God we had the truth of the Gospell in greater purity then Geneva it self We had such a clear and engyring light that the like had not shin'd to any other nation since the time of the Apostles Yea one who is esteem'd a principal Apostle among them did not sticke to affirme in the pulpit amidst the manyfold Confusions troubles and miseries which had fallen vpon this Church Nation That the Angels and Saints of heaven if they could leave the sight of God would be glad to come down and see the admirable order and beautie of the Presbyterian Church of Scotland Neither is this to be much wonder'd at for it 's probable he spoke as he thought and as the proverbe is The Crow thinks ever her owne bird fairest And every foole esteem's much his owne Babel But many indifferent men thought that he was one of those of whom S. Paul speaks to the Philippians Philip. 3.18.19 Enemies of the Crosse of Christ and whose glory is in their Confusion These practises at least a great part of them were the
occasion of my first doubting that the Presbyterian Church could not be the true Church of Christ For by the Prebyterians changes and inconstancy in doctrin I saw evidently they were not govern'd by the Spirit of truth which Christ promised to his Church but by the Spirit of errour whic is alwaies various By their great Dissensions and Divisions I perceived they had no vnity as becometh the house of God but were a confus'd Chaos as many heads so many different opinions and that it was not truth nor authority that prevail'd in their meetings but the vsurpation of some few Ringleaders who owerawed the rest and made them succumb Yea I saw that inconstancy in doctrin flowes naturally from their principles and that their inconstant Church doth necessarly breed dissensions but hath no means to lay them nor take them away By their cruell severity over mens Conscienâ— and persons c. I saw they had little Christian Love and meeknesse which vertues Christ had recommended so earnestly to his true disciples by which he said the world should know them By their clear contradicting their owne principles I perceived they were not men led by reason but miscaried by passion and inconsiderat zeal which made them fall into inconsequentiall discourses not worthy of men of prudence and by which themselves shew the falshood of their owne principles By doing their duty so ill to man I saw evidenty they perform'd not well their duty to God by their violent disobedience to their Earthly Superiours I knew they could not be humbly obedient to their heavenly Soveraigne By their great pretext of pietie without any substance and by their bragg's of the Spirit without any fruites of the Spirit but rather with the works of the flesh I perceiv'd they were both corrupt in faith and manners And albeit some of the more simple had great zeal and no evill intentions yet others of a higher or be who moved the rest gave no small ground to make many suspect that they were not sincere Christians Although all that hath been already said which are not old nor hidden stories but such things as were done in our owne times and obvious to our senses did shew vnto me sufficiently the vnreasonablenesse of the new Presbyterian Reformation yet for my further satisfaction and least I might be deceived I resolved to try diligently and impartially the grounds of these new changes and alterations and to vse the Apostle S. Iohns counsel to prove the Spirits My deerest saith he believe not every Spirit S Iohn 1. Epist ch 4. v. 1. but prove the Spirits if they be of God for many false Prophets are gone out into the world Now the triall which I intended was to trie their doctrin by the pure word of God which these Reformers gave out to be their only ground When the Scripture was expresse and clear then I was resolved to be fully satisfyed but when the Scripture was not evident and the question diâ— not so much concern the scripture as the true sense of it then I intended to follow the interpretation sense of the holy and learned primitive Fathers who have been after the holy Apostles the Pillars and Propagators of Christianity and I resolved to prefer their constant testimonies according to the practice of the primitive Church to the inconstant guesses of new vpstarts according to the practice of their wavering Church who are as far inferiour to the holy Fathers in Holynesse and Learning as they come short of them in Antiquitie and Renowne And with this resolution I began to examin the question of Epicopacy which gave so great occasion to all the broiles and alterations that have ensued CHAP. VII Of Episcopacy condemned as Anti-Christian by the Presbyterians AS I knew the Church of Christ which is often called in the Scripture the kingdome of heaven to be the most excellent Society that ever was vpon earth to tend to a most Spiritual and heavenly end and to be directed by most holy and divine lawes So I iustly conceived that the goodnesse and wisdome of Christ had established a most excellent order and forme for the governement of that heavenly kingdome which he had founded vpon earth and that whosoever would strive to overturne that order and government would be guilty of Spiritual Treason and of Sacrilegious Presumption We have had for many yeares furious contentions in our Nation concerning the governement established by Christ in his Church The Bishops who had governed from our infancy were deposed at the beginning of the troubles and their office was declared to be contrary vnto the purity of our first Reformation to have no warrant in Gods word and to be in it self vnlawfull and Anti-Christian And in place of Episcopacy was brought in a parity of Ministers and the Presbyterian disciplin as the only governement established by Christ in his Church and only conform to his word c. But after due triall I found the Presbyterians in all these matters to come very short of their pretences To begin then with our Reformation I imagined a good space that Episcopal governement was not vsed till many yeares after the Reformation wherein I was deceived by two reasons 1. because it was generally affirmed that King Iames brought first in Bishops at the Assembly of Glasgow anno 1606. 2. Because the Puritanicall Ministers were accustomed to accuse the Church of Scotland for having fallen from her first love and they alwayes pretended that they were to reduce all things vnto the purity of their first Reformation But I found the contrary in their owne Records For M. Knox his Chronicle sheweth that at the beginning of his Reformation which happened in the yeare 1559. the Church newly planted was governed by Super-intendents who had authority over whole Shires could ordaine and depose Ministers had a larger stipend then others and kept their places all their lifetimes It expresseth also the manner of their election and the names of those who were first chosen with the bounds of their power and iurisdiction as may be seen in the said Chronicle pag. 253. 284. and 325. of the London impression And what is this but Episcopal power vnder an other name This governement remain'd vnquestioned the space of 16. yeares till M. Andrew Melvil a man of a firie and Presbyterian Spirit comming from Geneva in the yeaere 1575. began to make factions and by all means laboured to introduce the holy Geneva disciplin which he cry'd vp to the heavens and as far abased the Episcopal function as a meere Anti-Christian corruption The whole matter is largely described Spots woord hist lib 5. p. 275. in the late Bishop of S. Andrewes history where he sheweth that the confusion troubles and tyranny which the Presbyterian governement brought into the Church and the Seditions it raised in the State were so great that K. Iames who had often that sentence in his mouth No Bishop No King was forced to reduce things vnto the
by all the Puritians other Protestants do sharply inveigh Saravia saith that it 's a doctrine full of danger Saravia in defen cont Bez. p. 73. Prot. Apol. tract â— c. 2. sect 3. subd 2 of a new and evil example and vpholden by no testimony of the Scripture Diverse other Protestants cited in the Protestants Apologie reiect this extraordinary vocation as fanatical and opening a way to all seducers who may make the same pretext And now the Presbyterians find by sad experience that the Independents Anabaptists and others make vse of it against themselvs But that Calvin and his followers had no extraordinary vocation may be easily shown For vnto that there are two things requisite according to the examples recorded in the Scriptures First that God speak sensibly vnto one whom he is to call extraordinarly as he did to Moyses Elias S. Paul Secondly That he make that appeare by some miracle The first is not sufficient without the second To which may be ioynd a third condition to witt holynesse of life doctrin which becomes Gods extraordinary Ambassadours without which even their miracles ought to be suspected Now not only one but all these conditions were visibly deficient in Calvin the other pretended Reformers For never any of them was so impudent as to say that God spake sensibly to them albeit Luther confesseth that the Devil conferred oftner then once with him Erasm in diatribâ— de lib. arb Then they were so impoteÌ„t of working miracles that Erasmus obiects to them They were never as yet able so much as to cure a lame horse Lastly their lives were not extraordinary for holynesse befitting an extraordinary Vocation as we have seen above Luthers sentence against Muâ—ster Luth â—â— Senat M â—us makes also against Calvin If he pretend saith Luther that he is sent by God as the Apostles let him prove that by doing signes and miracles for where ever God will change the ordinary way there always he works miracles Lastly the late Church of England pretended a succession lawfull Vocation of her Pastors Mason of the consecration epist de dicatorie above all other Protestants For so Mr Mason praiseth and admireth the sweet and singular providence of God towards the new Church of England that when other reformed Church as were enforced through necessity to admit extraordinary Fathers or Ordainers that is to receive ordination from inferiour Ministers or Priests yet the Church of England had alwayes Bishops who according to the ordinary and most secure custom of the Church had conferred holy Orders But this pretence is also false and frivolous For either the first Protestant Bishops in Queen Elizabeth time were ordaind by the Catholique Bishops or had their Vocation from some others Sander de schis Angl. Champ. de Vocaâ— Ministrorum as from the Queen and Parliament The first cannot be said For both Sanderus and Dr. Champnâ—y show that the Catholique Bishops choosed rather to die in prison as they did then to impose their hands vpon the Queens new design'd Protestant Bishops Besids M. Whitaker and Fulk renounce the Catholique ordination as vnlawfull albeit all the more late Diuines of the English Church had their recourse vnto it in so much that Fulk expresseth himself very passionatly thus We with our whole heart Fulk in reâ—ent a pud Brairlie tr 2. c. 2 sect 6. ad Dâ— renounce abhorre detest and spit at your filthie Anti-Christian Orders So full of confusion are they in this matter that what some of their greatest Divins esteem their greatest glory others no lesse famous among them think their greatest shame Moreover albeit the Catholique Bishops were granted to have imposed their hands on the first Protestant Bishops yet by that ordination they made them only Catholique and not Protestant Bishops for the Church in all reason and common sense cannot give a lawfull Vocation to any Pastors to preach and act against her self Therefore if these first Bishops of the late English Church were Protestants when they were ordain'd they were not lawfully ordaind and if they became thereafter Protestants they lost all lawfull exercice of their power of ordination when they vsed it against that Church from which they pretend to derive their lawfull vocation Lastly the first Protestant Bishops in King Edward the sixth or Queen Elizabeths time succeeded to no other Protestant Bishops much lesse can they show their succession vnto the Apostles as is requisite to make them lawfull and Apostolical Bishops If it be said that the first Protestant Bishops were made by vertue of the King or Queens supremacie and by act of parliament This is not the way prescryved in the Scripture which has been always observed in the Church And if these English Bishops Pastors had no more sure ground for their vocation then the Royal Supremacy it is no wonder that they are both falne together and that one Parliament has ransacted what others had enacted So we see that the late English Church has been resolved into the same principles of which it was first composed as by the same iust iudgment the Presbyterians who pretend an extraordinary vocation are almost subverted by the Independents Anabaptists vpon the same pretext It rests that I speak now a word of our Scottish Ministers Vocation which I found as groundlesse and more ridiculous then any of the rest For besids that the most part of them at the beginning were vnlettered men and had no other Vocation to be Ministers then that which the Presbyterians blame now in the Independents the Vocation of M. Xnox our great Reformer seems very strange as it is described in his own Chronicle In one thing indeed he shew himself more Scrupulous then Luther for although he had been ordain'd a Roman Priest yet he thought not without reason that his Popish orders gave him no lawfull Vocation to be a Protestant Minister and therefore he expected another call which was given him after this manner Some discontented Protestants having conspired together had cruelly kill'd Spots woods in his history c. as a Protestant Author speaks Cardinal Beaton within his own house the castle of S. Andrewes possessing themselvs of all the Cardinals riches and thereafter kept out the Castle in rebellion against the State To this place of security M. Knox had his refuge carying along with him some Gentlemens children whom he instructed in the Grammar and new Catechisme Knox Chron. p. 74. 75 His book saith that when these within the Castle perceived the manner of his doctrin they dealt earnestly with him to take vpon him the function of a Preacher But he refused alledging he would not run where God had not sent him meaning that he would do nothing without a lawfull calling Wherevpon they going to a private Councel resolve or give a charge publickly to M. Knox by the mouth of their preacher Iohn Rough which was done at the next Sermon as it is there at more