a_o essay_n upon_o the_o original_a and_o design_n of_o magistracy_n or_o a_o modest_a vindication_n of_o the_o late_a proceed_n in_o england_n by_o one_o who_o equal_o hate_v rebellion_n and_o tyranny_n print_a in_o the_o year_n mdclxxxix_o a_o essay_n upon_o the_o original_a and_o design_n of_o magistrcy_n or_o a_o modest_a vindication_n of_o the_o late_a procceding_n in_o england_n as_o the_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v the_o basis_n and_o foundation_n of_o our_o submision_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o the_o blessing_n which_o flow_v from_o a_o well_o temper_a government_n so_o the_o misapprehension_n and_o false_a notion_n that_o many_o people_n either_o through_o ignorance_n or_o the_o prejudice_n of_o education_n frame_n to_o themselves_o of_o his_o power_n be_v no_o less_o remarkable_a for_o their_o contrary_a effect_n we_o fall_v into_o two_o extreme_n equal_o dangerous_a if_o either_o we_o give_v the_o people_n so_o much_o liberty_n that_o 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than_o tyranny_n and_o a_o wound_a head_n be_v better_a than_o none_o at_o all_o what_o be_v object_v against_o this_o opinion_n from_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n be_v very_o judicious_o refute_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o inquiry_n into_o the_o measure_n of_o submission_n the_o second_o argument_n be_v take_v from_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n which_o subject_n swear_v to_o their_o prince_n whereby_o they_o engage_v never_o to_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o he_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o oath_n be_v accessary_a to_o the_o contract_n agree_v on_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o people_n and_o so_o must_v follow_v the_o nature_n of_o its_o principle_n the_o nature_n of_o all_o contract_n be_v obligatory_a on_o both_o party_n so_o that_o if_o one_o of_o the_o party_n fail_v in_o the_o perform_v his_o part_n the_o other_o be_v loose_v from_o his_o obligation_n as_o it_o be_v in_o this_o case_n the_o people_n devolve_v the_o power_n on_o the_o prince_n 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the_o same_o rule_n they_o be_v adstrict_v to_o but_o for_o the_o further_a security_n none_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o government_n till_o they_o take_v the_o coronation_n oath_n four_o they_o upbraid_v we_o with_o the_o example_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n who_o suffer_v the_o persecution_n of_o heathen_a emperor_n with_o the_o great_a moderation_n and_o patience_n i_o do_v admire_v as_o well_o as_o they_o the_o constancy_n patience_n and_o other_o virtue_n which_o these_o holy_a man_n be_v endue_v with_o but_o their_o case_n and_o we_o be_v quite_o different_a paganism_n at_o that_o time_n be_v establish_v by_o law_n and_o christianity_n condemn_v the_o professor_n whereof_o suffer_v as_o the_o disturber_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n but_o bless_v be_v god_n the_o law_n be_v now_o on_o our_o side_n and_o our_o religion_n be_v become_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o property_n and_o the_o peace_n of_o our_o country_n do_v very_o much_o depend_v on_o the_o preservation_n of_o 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be_v judge_n of_o the_o prince_n action_n to_o know_v when_o he_o be_v a_o tyrrant_n and_o when_o not_o if_o it_o be_v allow_v to_o the_o prince_n himself_o he_o will_v be_v too_o partial_a if_o we_o shall_v constitute_v a_o right_n in_o the_o people_n they_o will_v be_v too_o apt_a to_o misconstrue_v the_o prince_n action_n which_o shall_v ever_o receive_v the_o most_o benign_a interpretation_n that_o the_o subject_n can_v admit_v so_o that_o to_o shun_v boâ—h_a inconvenience_n the_o controversy_n must_v be_v decide_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v just_a such_o a_o plea_n betwixt_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o protestant_n concern_v a_o judge_n of_o controversy_n they_o contend_v for_o the_o pope_n as_o christ_n vicar_n and_o reject_v the_o scripture_n which_o we_o believe_v be_v the_o only_a rule_n of_o faith_n and_o that_o in_o they_o all_o thing_n which_o relate_v to_o salvation_n be_v clear_o set_v down_o so_o that_o these_o of_o the_o mean_a capacity_n may_v easy_o understand_v they_o in_o a_o politic_a state_n the_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v swear_v to_o rule_v according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o we_o must_v suppose_v be_v know_v both_o to_o king_n and_o people_n because_o they_o be_v a_o rule_n to_o direct_v the_o government_n of_o the_o one_o and_o a_o measure_n of_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o other_o and_o be_v fair_o enact_v at_o the_o first_o constitution_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o if_o a_o law_n make_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n contain_v any_o obscurity_n the_o sole_a power_n of_o interpret_n that_o law_n belong_v to_o the_o lawgiver_n but_o we_o must_v imagine_v the_o fundamental_a law_n full_a of_o perspicuity_n and_o except_o there_o be_v a_o notorious_a violation_n of_o they_o resistance_n can_v never_o be_v lawful_a what_o have_v be_v say_v on_o this_o general_a head_n will_v not_o answer_v the_o design_n of_o this_o paper_n if_o it_o can_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n in_o england_n for_o it_o be_v of_o no_o purpose_n to_o prove_v that_o tyranny_n be_v to_o be_v resist_v by_o arm_n unless_o we_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o english_a government_n have_v altogether_o degenerate_a into_o tyranny_n and_o that_o the_o take_v up_o of_o arm_n under_o the_o auspicious_a conduct_n of_o his_o highness_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n be_v no_o rash_a act_n but_o do_v after_o matture_v deliberation_n and_o withal_o the_o circumspection_n that_o a_o affair_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n do_v require_v the_o great_a and_o earnest_a endeavour_n to_o have_v the_o bill_n of_o exclusion_n past_a do_v sufficient_o evince_v what_o fear_n and_o jealousy_n the_o parliament_n have_v of_o the_o danger_n to_o which_o their_o religion_n and_o liberty_n will_v necessary_o be_v expose_v under_o a_o popish_a successor_n his_o majesty_n behaviour_n since_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n have_v clear_o demonstrate_v that_o these_o fear_n be_v not_o groundless_a for_o not_o be_v conâ—ent_a to_o introduce_v the_o popish_a religion_n so_o much_o contraire_fw-fr to_o law_n he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o alter_v the_o whole_a frame_n of_o the_o constitution_n and_o swallow_v up_o all_o our_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n in_o a_o arbitrary_a and_o despotic_a power_n 1._o the_o first_o step_n be_v make_v against_o the_o freedom_n of_o parliament_n which_o make_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o government_n by_o their_o have_v a_o share_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n lodge_v in_o they_o by_o their_o issue_v out_o quowaranto_n against_o all_o the_o burgh_n and_o corporation_n in_o england_n the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o either_o through_o fear_n or_o force_n do_v surrender_v their_o charter_n to_o the_o king_n who_o place_v such_o magistrate_n in_o they_o as_o he_o be_v most_o assure_v of_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n do_v altogether_o invert_v the_o freedom_n of_o election_n 2._o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o contrary_a to_o law_n than_o the_o erect_n of_o seminary_n of_o priest_n and_o jesuit_n in_o all_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o his_o dominion_n yea_o such_o confidence_n have_v he_o repose_v in_o that_o order_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v the_o direction_n of_o his_o conscience_n to_o one_o of_o its_o father_n and_o be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o own_v himself_o a_o son_n of_o the_o society_n 3._o his_o pretence_n to_o a_o dispense_v power_n be_v no_o mean_a breach_n of_o his_o coronation_n oath_n for_o by_o it_o he_o usurp_v the_o whole_a legislative_a power_n and_o will_v have_v impose_v on_o the_o people_n in_o procure_v the_o vote_n of_o the_o twelve_o mercenary_a judge_n if_o they_o have_v not_o wise_o foresee_v the_o dangerous_a consequence_n and_o fear_v that_o his_o majesty_n will_v far_o oblige_v his_o roman_a catholic_n subject_n by_o repeal_n all_o the_o law_n that_o be_v enact_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n it_o
be_v by_o express_a paction_n exime_v from_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereign_n by_o the_o people_n or_o their_o representative_n which_o reservation_n be_v call_v privilege_n and_o be_v either_o thus_o establish_v by_o contract_n and_o agreement_n at_o the_o first_o constitution_n or_o be_v afterward_o grant_v by_o prince_n when_o they_o will_v either_o oblige_v or_o gratify_v their_o people_n as_o be_v the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la in_o england_n and_o edict_n of_o nants_n in_o france_n or_o when_o they_o desire_v any_o favour_n from_o they_o as_o be_v the_o golden_a bull_n wherein_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o four_o grant_v considerable_a immunity_n to_o the_o elector_n to_o engage_v they_o to_o choose_v the_o stupid_a vensiaslus_n his_o son_n successor_n in_o the_o empire_n this_o property_n of_o the_o subject_n have_v ever_o be_v the_o eye_n sore_o of_o monarch_n though_o he_o have_v as_o just_a a_o claim_n to_o it_o as_o these_o have_v to_o their_o crown_n and_o whoever_o go_v about_o to_o subvert_v it_o dissolve_v the_o constitution_n and_o forefault_n his_o own_o title_n since_o the_o same_o law_n that_o bestow_v this_o at_o the_o same_o time_n secure_v that_o and_o maintain_v the_o one_o be_v make_v a_o inseparable_a condition_n of_o possess_v the_o other_o neither_o can_v a_o rape_n commit_v on_o our_o liberty_n be_v excuse_v upon_o pretence_n that_o authority_n be_v derive_v from_o heaven_n for_o the_o great_a sovereign_n of_o the_o universe_n ordain_v magistracy_n for_o the_o preservation_n not_o the_o destruction_n of_o mankind_n and_o he_o never_o send_v down_o any_o person_n or_o family_n from_o heaven_n with_o a_o commission_n to_o enslave_v a_o people_n or_o nation_n to_o who_o the_o application_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n be_v leave_v absolutlie_o free_a so_o that_o they_o may_v bestow_v it_o on_o who_o and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o please_v for_o though_o god_n love_v order_n yet_o he_o never_o approve_v of_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n and_o he_o who_o be_v all_o justice_n and_o mercy_n can_v never_o be_v suppose_v to_o authorize_v what_o be_v contrary_a to_o both_o so_o that_o whosoever_o act_v beyond_o his_o commission_n and_o destroy_v the_o flock_n instead_o of_o protect_v it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v god_n vicegerent_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o mankind_n the_o violation_n of_o the_o subject_n property_n be_v call_v tyranny_n a_o name_n which_o at_o first_o do_v only_o signify_v the_o regal_a power_n but_o when_o liberty_n begin_v to_o be_v oppress_v through_o the_o ambition_n wickedness_n or_o evil_a management_n of_o the_o governor_n it_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_z denot_v the_o excess_n of_o power_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o tyrant_n those_o in_o title_n and_o those_o in_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v he_o who_o usurp_v the_o crown_n without_o any_o title_n or_o just_a pretence_n as_o do_v oliver_n cromwell_n in_o england_n of_o the_o other_o one_o who_o have_v a_o just_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o postpon_v the_o public_a good_a act_v arbitrar_o and_o contrary_a to_o law_n such_o a_o tyrrant_n be_v philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n the_o want_n of_o a_o title_n or_o a_o bad_a one_o may_v be_v supply_v by_o prescription_n or_o the_o subsequent_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n to_o which_o perhaps_o the_o most_o part_n of_o prince_n must_v at_o last_o recur_n unless_o they_o will_v derive_v their_o pedigree_n from_o one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o noah_n and_o instruct_v a_o uninterrupted_a succession_n ever_o since_o tyranny_n be_v the_o most_o miserable_a condition_n a_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v in_o it_o dissolve_v the_o union_n betwixt_o king_n and_o subject_a and_o expose_v both_o to_o all_o the_o misery_n that_o attend_v a_o civil_a war_n and_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o fall_v under_o a_o foreign_a power_n yea_o even_o tho_o a_o tyrrant_n shall_v be_v successful_a in_o his_o attempt_n yet_o be_v he_o as_o far_o from_o his_o happiness_n as_o ever_o for_o beside_o the_o inward_a remorse_n that_o incessant_o gnaw_v his_o conscience_n he_o suspect_v all_o man_n fear_v every_o thing_n and_o be_v most_o just_o hate_v by_o all_o so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o represent_v a_o tyrrant_n ill_n who_o draw_v he_o siâ—ting_v under_o a_o canopy_n of_o state_n feast_v in_o great_a riot_n with_o a_o naked_a sword_n hang_v over_o his_o head._n what_o remedy_n be_v there_o then_o against_o so_o great_a a_o evil_a be_v we_o tame_o to_o subject_v our_o neck_n to_o a_o yoke_n so_o insupportable_a to_o the_o more_o refine_a sort_n of_o man_n or_o be_v we_o to_o resist_v the_o supreme_a magistrate_n and_o reclaim_v he_o by_o arm_n when_o other_o mean_n prove_v ineffectual_a the_o difficulty_n be_v great_a and_o each_o opinion_n have_v have_v its_o champion_n who_o write_v volume_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o cause_n the_o horrid_a parricide_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o 1._o in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o age_n be_v with_o great_a heat_n and_o zeal_n defend_v by_o milton_n and_o impugn_a by_o the_o learned_a salmasius_n who_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o our_o constitution_n and_o the_o transaction_n of_o our_o country_n i_o speak_v it_o with_o reverence_n to_o so_o great_a a_o man_n do_v but_o weak_o defend_v so_o good_a a_o cause_n in_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o tyranny_n be_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v whereas_o he_o shall_v have_v evince_v as_o easy_o he_o may_v that_o charles_n the_o one_a be_v a_o good_a prince_n and_o no_o tyrant_n the_o present_a revolution_n in_o england_n revive_v the_o dispute_n and_o engage_v i_o contrary_a to_o my_o humour_n to_o impart_v my_o thought_n to_o the_o public_a with_o no_o other_o design_n then_o to_o contribute_v my_o mâ—an_n endeavour_n for_o vindicate_v the_o nation_n honour_n from_o the_o heavy_a imputation_n of_o treason_n and_o rebellion_n and_o if_o i_o can_v make_v out_o that_o resistance_n in_o some_o case_n be_v lawful_a i_o doubt_v not_o but_o i_o shall_v be_v easy_o able_a to_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o present_a take_v up_o arm_n by_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o england_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o religion_n law_n and_o liberty_n be_v both_o just_a and_o necessary_a there_o be_v three_o degree_n of_o resistance_n the_o first_o be_v the_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n the_o second_o be_v the_o depose_v he_o and_o shake_v off_o our_o allegiance_n the_o three_o proceed_v to_o the_o inflict_v of_o capital_a punishment_n which_o last_o seem_v inhuman_a because_o god_n have_v place_v a_o certain_a sacredness_n in_o the_o person_n of_o prince_n so_o that_o none_o can_v touch_v the_o lord_n anoint_v and_o be_v guiltless_a and_o the_o deprive_v they_o off_o their_o crown_n be_v a_o great_a enough_o punishment_n and_o our_o injury_n be_v sufficient_o repair_v when_o we_o be_v out_o of_o the_o hazard_n of_o be_v any_o more_o obnoxious_a to_o they_o the_o other_o two_o may_v be_v allow_v of_o provide_v the_o remedy_n be_v apply_v by_o fit_a person_n after_o a_o due_a manner_n and_o with_o such_o caution_n as_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n do_v require_v first_o by_o fit_a person_n as_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o other_o representatives_n of_o the_o nation_n who_o as_o they_o be_v most_o concern_v in_o the_o law_n be_v suppose_v to_o understand_v they_o and_o consequent_o be_v the_o best_a judge_n of_o liberty_n and_o they_o be_v person_n of_o so_o much_o honour_n that_o it_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o ill_a breed_n to_o suspect_v they_o of_o partiality_n second_o the_o tyranny_n must_v be_v evident_a and_o manifest_a some_o few_o tyrannical_a act_n do_v not_o constitute_v tyranny_n private_a injury_n must_v be_v suffer_v rather_o than_o hazard_v the_o public_a peace_n there_o must_v be_v a_o wilful_a subversion_n of_o the_o law_n not_o those_o of_o lesser_a moment_n but_o such_o as_o shake_v the_o very_a foundation_n of_o government_n david_n murder_n and_o adultery_n be_v very_o arbitrary_a and_o tyrannical_a and_o yet_o do_v not_o make_v he_o a_o tyrant_n for_o humane_a frailty_n be_v still_o to_o be_v indulge_v see_v on_o this_o side_n of_o time_n perfection_n be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v three_o this_o be_v a_o violent_a remedy_n and_o consequent_o shall_v be_v the_o last_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v go_v about_o with_o the_o great_a deliberation_n and_o circumpection_n imaginable_a when_o address_n petition_n supplication_n and_o such_o gentle_a method_n prove_v ineffectual_a four_o the_o commonwealth_n must_v be_v in_o such_o danger_n that_o the_o whole_a fabric_n will_v otherwise_o be_v dissolve_v and_o overturn_v last_o the_o effectuate_a of_o the_o design_n must_v be_v certain_a otherwise_o we_o fall_v into_o a_o worse_a evil_n than_o what_o we_o seek_v to_o shun_v for_o confusion_n and_o anarchy_n be_v worse_o