as the Fool thinketh so the Bell tinketh Besides principles of Policy as much against all Reason and Laws as these are against all Religion As 1. That the King and the two Houses made up but one Parliament 2. And that the King but a Member might be overruled by the Head 3. That the hereditary King of England is accountable to the People 4. That it might be lawful for the two House to seize the Kings Magazines Navies Castles and Forces and imploy them against him the Militia being they said in them not in him though they begged it of him 5. That when the King withdrew from the London-Tumults he deserted his Parliament and People and therefore might be warred against 6. That the two Houses might impose an Oath upon the King and Kingdom to subvert the Government and Kingdom who never had power to administer an Oath between man and man except it were their own Members 7. That an Ordinance of the two Houses should be of force to raise Men and Money to seize peoples Lands and Goods to alter Religion without the Kings consent without which they never signified any thing in England save within their own Walls 8. That the two Houses yea and some few of those two Houses should make a new Broad-seal create new Judges and Officers of State ordain a new Allegiance and a new Treason never heard of before and pronounce their Betters that is to say all the Nobility Clergy and Gentry Delinquents against their Blew-apronships 9. That they who took so much care that a man should not part with a penny to save the Kingdom unless they had Law for it should force so many Millions out of the poor people by a bare piece of paper called an Ordinance This was the Cause called The good old Cause on the one side when on the other there was 1. The Law of the Land 2. The established Religion 3. The Protestant Cause 4. The Kings Authority 5. The Church of England and the Catholick Church 6. The Allegiance and Obedience required by the Laws of God and Man from Subjects to Sovereigns 7. The Peace Tranquillity Safety and Honour of the Nation 8. The many obligations of Conscience especially the Oaths taken by the Nobility Clergy and all the people several times ten times a man at least and particularly the Oaths taken by every Member of the House of Commons at their first admission to sit there when they took the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy and the Protestation they took after they sate 9. The true liberty and property of the Subject 10. The security of Religion and Learning against the horrid Heresies Schisms Libertinism Sacriledge and Barbarism that was ready to overrun the Land 11. All the Principles of Religion Reason Policy and Government that hitherto have been received in the most civil part of the World managed against the canting and pious frauds and fallacies of the Conspiracy with that clearness that became the goodness of the Cause and the integrity of the persons that managed it 12. The common Cause of all the Kings and Governments of the World 13. The Rights Priviledges Prerogatives and Inheritances of the ancient Kingdom of England 14. The conveyance of their ancient Birth-rights Liberties Immunities and Inheritances as English-men and Christians to Posterity 15. The publick good against the private lusts ambition pride revenge covetousness and humour of any person or persons whatsoever 16. The opinion of all the learned Divines and Lawyers in the World 17. All the Estates in England made then a prey to the most potent and powerful I mean the Lands and Revenues of most of the Nobility Clergy and Commons of England 18. The sparing of a world of bloud and treasure that poor misguided Souls were like to lavish away upon the juggles of a few Impostors This was the Cause on the other hand and such as the Causes were were the persons ingaged in them Against the King the Law and Religion were a company of poor Tradesmen broken and decayed Citizens deluded and Priest-ridden women discontented Spirits creeping pitiful and neglected Ministers and Trencher-Chaplains Enthusiastical Factions such as Independents Anabaptists Seekers Quakers Levellers Fifth Monarchy-men Libertines the rude Rabble that knew not wherefore they were got together Jesuited Politicians Taylers Shoomakers Linkboys c. guilty and notorious Offenders that had endured or feared the Law perjured and deceitful Hypocrites and Atheists mercenary Souldiers hollow-hearted and ambitious Courtiers one or two poor and disobliged Lords cowardly and ignorant Neuters here and there a Protestant frighted out of his wits These were the Factions Champions when on the Kings side there were all the Bishops of the Land all the Deans Prebends and learned men both the Universities all the Princes Dukes and Marquesses all the Earls and Lords except two or three that stayed at Westminster to make faces one upon another and wait on their Masters the Commons until they bid them go about their business telling them they had nothing to do for them and voting them useless All the Knights and Gentlemen in the three Nations except a score of Sectaries and Atheists that kept with their Brethren and Sisters for the Cause The Judges and best Lawyers in the Land all the States-men and Counsellours the Officers and great men of the Kingdoms all the Princes and States of Europe Of all which gallant persons take this Catalogue of Honour containing the Lives Actions and Deaths of those eminent persons of Quality and Honour that Died or otherwise Suffered for their Religion and Allegiance from the year 1637 to this present year 1666. For the lasting honour of their Persons and Families the reward of their eminent Services and Sufferings the perpetual memory of the Testimony they gave to the duty of Subjects towards their Sovereign the satisfaction of all the World the Compleating of History the encouragement of Virtue and Resolution the instruction of the present Age and Posterity The Faction take the same course to ruine a Kingdom that they said the Gods took to ruine a Man first to infatuate and then overthrow make the first stroke at the Head and Councel of the Nation judging that they must take off and terrifie the Kings Council and Friends before they could practice on his Majesty or the Government so Tarquin was advised to take off the tallest Poppeys My Lord of Strafford they knew very active wise resolved and serviceable when he maintained the Liberty of the Subject against the Prerogatives of the Sovereign and him they judged most dangerous now he maintained the Rights and Power of his Sovereign against the Encroachments of their Faction He leads the Van of this gallant Company of Martyrs and the first Heroe that sealed his Allegiance with his bloud and Consecrated the Controversie a Protomartyr like St. Stephen knocked on the head by a Rabble rather then fairly tried in Courts condemned with Stones rather than Arguments instructing Loyal Subjects How when
conceived it was not more then the hainousness of their Offences deserved yet had they Petitioned and submitted the next day it would wholly have been remitted 15. That he perswaded his Majesty to an offensive War against the Scots declaring that the Demands made by the Scots this Parliament was a sufficient Cause of a War besides that on the 10th of Octob. 1640. he said That the Nation of Scots were Rebells and Traytors adding that if it pleased his Master to send him back again as he was going to England he would leave the Scottish Nation neither Root nor Branch excepting those that took the aforesaid Oath The Earles Reply That he called all the Scottish Nation Traytors and Rebells no one Proof is produced and though he is hasty in speech yet was he never so defective of his reason as to speak so like a mad Man for he knew well his Majesty was a Native of that Kingdom and was confident many of that Nation were of as Heriock Spirits and as Faithful and Loyal Subjects as any the King had As to the other words of his rooting out the Scots Root and Branch he conceives a short Reply may serve they being proved by a single Testimony onely which can make no sufficient faith in case of life Again the witnesse was very much mistaken if not worse for he deposeth that these words were spoken the tenth day of October in Ireland whereas he was able to evidence he was at that time in England and had been so neer a month before 18. That when the Parliament 13 April 1640. entred upon the Grievances in Church and State the Earl to whom with the Arch Bishop of Canterbury the King referred the business of that Parliament advised his Majesty to press the Commons to supply his Majesties occasions against the Scots before they Redressed any Grievances And when they were in debate about the Supplies perswaded his Majesty to dissolve them by telling him they had denyed to supply him Adding after the dissolution of that Parliament that the King having tried the Affections of his people he was loosed and absolved from all Rules of Government and was to do every thing that Power would admit and that since his Majesty had tried all ways and was refused he should be Acquitted both by God and Man and that he had an Army in Ireland which he might imploy to reduce this Kingdom to obedience The Earles Reply That he was not the Principal Cause of Dissolving the last Parliament for before he came to the Council-table it was Voted by the Lords to Demand twelve Subsidies and that Henry Vane was Ordered to Demand no lesse But he coming in the interim he perswades the Lords to Vote it again Declaring to his Majesty then present and them the danger of the Breach of Parliament Whereupon it was Voted that if the Parliament would not grant twelve Subsidies Sir Henry Vane would descend to eight and rather than fail to six But Sir Henry not observing his Instructions demanded twelve only without abatement or going lower That the height of this Demand urged the Parliament to deny and their denial moved his Majesty to Dissolve the Parliament so that the chief occasion of the Breach thereof `was as he conceived Sir Henry Vane He confesseth that at the Council-table he Advised the King to an Offensive War against the Scots but it was not untill all fair means to prevent a War had been first attempted Again others were as much for a Defensive War and it might be as free to Vote one as the other Lastly Votes at a Council-board are but bare Opinions and Opinions if pertinaciously maintained may make an Heretick but cannot a Traytor And to Sir Henry Vanes Deposition he said it was onely a single testimony and contradicted by four Lords of the Iunto-tables depositions viz. The Earle of Northumberland the Marquess of Hamilton the Bishop of London and the Lord Cottington who all affirmed that there was no question made of this Kingdome which was then in obedience but of Scotland that was in Rebellion And Sir Henry Vane being twice Examined upon Oath could not remember whether he said this or that Kingdome and the Notes after offered for more proof were but the same thing and added nothing to the Evidence to make it a double Testimony or to make a Privy-councellors Opinion in a Debate at Council High-treason 19. That after the Dissolution of the Parliament April 5. 1640. The said Earl Advised the King to go on vigorously to Levy Ship-money and other Illegal Payments suing in Star-chamber and Imprisoning several that neglected either to gather or pay those Levies Particularly the Londoners who for not Collecting the Ship-money so vigorously as they should have done and refusing to give in the names of such Citizens as were able to Lend Moneyâ— upon the Loan of an 100000l demanded of them were threatned by him at the Council-table That they deserved to be put to Fine and Ransom and that no good would be done with them till an Example were made of them till they were laid by the Heeles and some of the Aldermen Hanged up The Earles Reply That there was a present necessity for Money that all the Council-board had Voted with yea before him That there was then a Sentence in Star-chamber upon the Opinion of all the Iudges for the Legality of the Tax of Ship-money and he thought he might advice the King to take what the Iudges had declared was by Law his own He consessed that upon the Refusal of so just a Service the better to quicken the Citizenâ— to the Payment of Ship-money he said They deserved to be Fined Which words perhaps might be circumspectly delivered but conceives cannot be a motive to Treason especially when no ill consequence followed upon them And it would render Men in a sad condition if for every hasty Word or Opinion given in Council they should be Sentenced as Traytors But that he said It were well for the Kings Service if some of the Aldermen were hanged up he utterly denieth Nor is it proved by any but Alderman Garway who is at best but a single Testimony and therefore no sufficient Evidence in Case of Life 20. That he had Advised the King to seise upon the Bullion in the Mint and when the Merchants whose Bullion was seized on to the value of 50000l waited upon him at his house to represent to him the consequence of discrediting the Mint and hindering the Importance of Bullion Answered them that it was the course of other Princes in those exigencies to which the undutifulness of London kinder to the Rebells than to his Majesty had reduced the King And that he had directed the Imfusing of money with Brasse Alleadging to the Officers of the Mint when they represented to him the Inconvenience of that Project that the French King had an Army of horse to Levy his Taxes and search mens Estates and telling my Lord Cottington that
us up then the Lord took him up not immediately Miracles being ceased but in and by the hands 1. Of Generous and Noble Guardians that much improved his Estate as well as himself 2. Of two Excellent School-Masters and Tutors in Memory of whom he kept his own Birth-day as the Athenians did that of Theseus doing alwayes some thing in Memory of his Teachers as they sacrificed a Ramme in Memory of his having designed we know not whether performed the endowment of a School where because 1. Raw Youths took Sanctuary in this Profession furnished only with a Rod and a Serida 2. Hopeful men slur it over in their way to a more profitable Employment 3. Indiscreet men meddle with this that understand Books but not Tempers well 4. Men undertake it against their Genius neither with delight nor dexterity who had as lieve be School-boys as School-Masters being ticed to the School as Coopers Dictionary or Scapulaes Lexicon is chained to the Desk or if good School-Masters they grow Rich and neglect it or if poor they are Masters to the Children and slaves to their Parents He intended an able discreet grave and dexterous man should be competently incouraged while he was able and provided for when not able to follow the School at the place either where he was born or which he valued more at the place where he was bred He would bless God that he had staid so long at the Gate of Wisdom supported like Wisdoms House in the Scripture by seven Pillars meaning the seven Liberal Sciences before he entred the Temple of it meaning the Profession of the Law That he might not be reckoned among those Sir Iohn Dodderidge calleth Doctum quoddam Indoctorum hominum genus natural abilities have gone far but Ingenious Education goeth further to understand our Law of which Sir Henry Finch observeth That the sparks of all other Sciences in the world are raked up under the ashes of the Law Which when admitted at the Temple he plied with 1. Reading 2. Hearing 3. Conference 4. Meditation 5. Recollection and 6. A good Common-place of Axioms Principles Rules and Aphorisms Apes debemus Imitori quae ut vagantur flores ad mel faciendum Idoneum Idoneos corpunt deinde quicquid attulere disponunt ac per favos digerunt Ita debemus quaecunque ex diversa Lectione congestimus separare melius enim distinct a servantur Sen. Epist. untill his Country-man Sir Randolph Crew and the great observer of Young men took special notice of him And likewise adorned with a grave Aspect vultu non destruens verba not contradicting that to the subtile eyes of those that dwell on Faces and from the workings of the Countenance discern the Intrigues of the minde which he spake to the Judicious Ear A sober and patient temper a reserved minde Modestus Incestus compositus ac probus vultus conveniens prudenti viro gestus And what was more practised with so much success and integrity that he had insinuated himself into the best acquaintance and most profitable practises of his time having been Steward to sixteen several Persons of Quality Executor to above three hundred Wills Feoffee in trust for fifty several considerable Estates Guardian to forty three several Orphans twice Reader of Grayes-Inn called to be Sergeant Term Mich. Anno 21. Iacobi Regis made Judge of the Common-Pleas 5. Caroli 1. upon Sir Henry Yelvertons Death and 7. Caroli 1. was preferred Chief Baron of the Exchequer in the place of Sir Iohn Walter then discharged 5. Car. and dead 8. Novemb. 6. Car. in the right though not in the exercise of which place he died 164 ... Receiving the Absolution and Communion when sick according to the Common-Prayer and ordering his burial when dead so too as did Judge Hutton Baron Denham Sir Iohn Brampston and all the Eminent Lawyers of that time by particular Clauses in their Wills being observed many of them to have wept their Common-Prayers left behinde in their Closets into bluts and blots all over A Monument for the Iudges that suffered about Ship-money P. M. S. Uno sub Monumento claudantur unanimes reliquiae quibus olim una anima unicus Calculus Quos conjunxit ostracismus nec dividat Epitaphium Erudite pertinax Trevor Mansuete magnanimus Davenport prudentissimo patiens Westonus tria Legum Anglicanarum Oracula Quibus regi pio servire summa videbatur Libertas ruente Regno cecidere-Divinae legis tam devote observantes quam tantos Patriae exacte callidi Ne tantos viros longa temporum Injuriâ vel Sacrilegiâ sequioris saeculi Incuria oblivioni traditos Perpetuae Vel fuisse Laboraret Annalium fides sacram saltem eorum memoriam in Epitaphio superstitem voluit D. W. Onely let us add to Sir Humphrey Davenport a relation of his we suppose thus dealt with Will. Davenport of Boom-hall Chester Esq compounded for 0745 l. THE Life and Death OF Sir GEORGE RATCLIFFE THIS Gentleman might say as one of the fore-going Judges did That he had been a very happy man had it not been for that he was born in that age wherein it was fatal to give good counsel He was Born Anno 1587. at ... in York-shire most of his relation taking to the Sword that gives laws whereof 3. slain at Museleburgh-field 2. died in the suppression of the Northern Rebellion 63 in 88. and 2. whereof that excellent person Sir Iohn Ratcliffe who when with Sir Charles Rich being sick and desired by the Duke of Buckingham to retire into the Ships returned No they came to fight and leaning on their Pikes challenged death its self at the Isle of Rhee He was bred to the Laws that were made by the Sword so earnest was he in the behalf of those laws when there was a suspicion that they should be made void by an Arbitrary power and Prerogative that I find Sir Thomas Wentworth removed from York-shire to Essex and Sir George Ratcliffe to Hertford-shire to be confined for stickling in the Parliaments Anno 1625 1626. and yet so zealous he was for the Kings Prerogative and just Power when it was in a real hazard to be over-born with tumults and combinations in the behalf of pretended Laws that I find Sir George Ratcliffe involved in all the Earl of Straffords troubles None will question his worth that considereth him as the great Consident of that Earl in his affairs and all persons must needs confess his faithfulness that observeth him that excellent persons companion in all his sufferings The Lord Viscount Wentworth understood men and therefore when he was advanced President in the North he made him Atturney General at York and he was so sensible of serviceableness there that when he was called to the Leiutenancy of Ireland he carried him as his chief favourite over thither Where his contrivance was so good that Cardinal Mazarine gave 10000. Pistols for a Copy of a model pretended to be Sir George Ratcliffes Intituled A model for
Isle of Wight upon the faith of a kingdom for his honor and life in the face of that kingdom bereaved of both A King that had the Oaths and Protestations of three Kingdoms to secure his life loosing it in one of them where the the Rebels like the thieves that sate on Shuters-hill upon the honest man for felony impeach him of that treason they themselves were guilty of Fond men that when neither Rolfs Pistols B's Dagger E's Poison nor other instruments of Assassination laid about his doors and windows could dispatch a Majesty that a great while they durst not against so many obligations of heaven and earth put to death and yet durst against their own fears and guilt suffer to live They durst judge and condemn him aggravating a horrid treason with a more horrid pretence Hereby Law and Justice were forced like Queen Anne Bulloigns Father being Judge at his Daughters death to assist in a Parricide against their own Father and Author Why these ceremonies formalities and circumstances of Villany why doth Treason chuse the Bench rather than the Vault and to Sentence rather than to Blow up but that the Traytors within being more Villains than those without had a design to render Justice it self as ridiculous as the great Master of it and assassinate Law it self as well as the Law-giver First they lay violent hands on themselves threatning the Lords they should Sit no longer if they concurred not and reducing the House of Commons to forty of the reproach of that Assembly and then on his Majesty It was necessary first that they should murder the Parliament by excluding vexing and abusing above four hundred of the Commons and laying aside all the Lords before they could come at the King and leave not a sober man in power before they robbed that good Man of his life This contemptible forty of whom yet twenty dissented Vote with their Mercenary and Fanatick Army with whom they hoped to share in their spoils and power no more Addresses to the King nor any more Peace and what was more ridiculous adjust their own Crimes by their own Vote Votes so daringly overturning Foundations that all men seeing all Law and Government cut off by them at one blow looked to their Throats Estates and Children when all that secured these was at one breath overturned Here is a power ascribed the people that they never owned and a power derived from them that they never granted here are the People brought in to judge their King that abhorred it and the King tried for war against his People when all the People were ready to lay down their lives in a war for him Here are the Commons of England pretended when the whole House of Commons was almost excluded and none but such persons as were known Adulterers Cheats two Coblers one Brewer one Goldsmith one Indicted for Committing a Rape another for writing Blasphemy against the Trinity another having said that Diodorus Seculus was a better Author than Moses first asserting to themselves this new authority and then exercising it These that were to be brought to the Bar themselves bring the King in whose name all Malefactors were tried to the Bar himself Those that had been eight years indeavouring to murder the King in a war are made his Judges now that war is over A pretty sight to have seen Clement Ravillaic Faux Catesby and Garnet one day indeavouring to dispatch a King and the next advanced to be his Judges After prayers and fasts the great fore-runners of mischief whereby they indeavoured as impudently to ingage God in the villany he forbid as they had done the people for the Remonstrance framed by Ireton for questioning the King was called the Agreement of the people in a Treason they all abhorred When all the Ministry of England and indeed of the world cryed down the bloudy design contrary to Oaths and Laws and common reason as the shame and disgrace of Religion These Assassinates were satisfied with the preaments of one Pulpit Buffoon Peters a wretched fellow that since he was whipt by the Governors of Cambridge when a youth could not endure government never after and the Revelation of a mad Herfordshire woman concurring with the proceedings of the Army for which she was thanked by the House her Revelations being seasonable and proceeding from an humble spirit All the Nation abhorred their proceedings therefore they hasten them and in five hours draw up such an horrid Act as was not heard of in five thousand years An Act of the Commons of England when not one in five hundred approved it Assembled in Parliament when the Parliament by the Army destroyed for Erecting of an High Court of pretended Iustice for the Trying and Judging of Charles Stuart King of England of that Treason they should have been tried for themselves WHereas it is notorious That Charles Stuart the now King of England not content with those many incroachments which his Predecessors had made upon the People in their Rights and Freedoms hath had a wicked design totally to subvert the Ancient Laws and Liberties of this Nation And in their place to introduce an Arbitrary and Tyrannical Government with Fire and Sword Levied and Maintained a cruel War in the Land against the Parliament and Kingdom whereby the Country hath been miserably wasted the publick Treasury exhausted Trade decayed and thousands of People murthered and infinite of other mischiefs committed For all which High and Treasonable Offences the said Charles Stuart might long since be brought to exemplary and condign punishment Whereas also the Parliament well hoping that the restraint and imprisonment of his person after it had pleased God to deliver him into their hands would have quieted the disturbers of this kingdom did forbear to proceed judicially against him But found by sad experience that such their remissness served only to incourage Him and his Complices in the continuance of their evil practises and in raising of new Commotions Designs and Invasions for prevention therefore of the like greater inconveniencies and to the end that no Magistrate or Officer whatsoever may hereafter presume traiterously and maliciously to imagine or contrive the inslaving or destroying of the English Nation and to expect impunity in so doing Be it Ordained and Enacted by the Commons in Parliament Assembled and it is hereby Ordained and Enacted by the Authority thereof That Thomas Lord Fairfax General Oliver Cromwell Lieutenant General Henry Ireton Commissary General Phillip Skippon Major General Sir Hardress Waller Colonel Valentine Walton Col. Thomas Harrison Col. Edward Whalley Col. Thomas Pride Col. Isaac Ewers Col. Rich. Ingoldsby Col. Rich. Dean Col. John Okey Col. Robert Overton Col. John Harrison Col. John Desborow Col. William Goffe Col. Robert Duckinfield Col. Rowland Wilson Col. Henry Martin Col. William Purefoy Col. Godfrey Bosvile Col. Herbert Morley Col. John Barkstead Col. Matthew Tomlinson Col. John Lambert Col. Edmund Ludlow Col.
they did he was resolved not to betray the Charge committed to him by and confirmed to him by Ancient Descent And answering the pretended Presidents interruption and false suggestion That he was called to an account by the Authority of the People of England by whose Election he was admitted King That the kingdom descended not to him by Election but by Hereditary Right derived from above a thousand years That by refusing an unlawful power he stood more apparently than they for the Priviledges of the People of England whose Authority was shewed in Parliament Assemblies but that there appeared none of the Lords whose presence and not only theirs but the Kings also was required to the Constituting of a Parliament but that neither one nor both Houses nor any Iudicatory upon Earth had power to call the King of England to account much less some certain Iudges chosen by his Accusers and masked with the authority of the Lower House That he could not make his defence unless they shewed their authority since it would be the same offence to acknowledg a Tyrannical power as to resist a Lawful one And upon the prating Fore-mans bold suggestion That they were satisfied in their own authority Replying rationally That it was not his own apprehension nor theirs neither that ought to decide the Controversie Whereupon the most Excellent King was commanded away with Tomlinson and Hackers guard parting with the Conspiracy without moving his Hat with these words Well Sir and saying on the sight of the Sword I do not fear that And nothing else observable save that the Silver Top of his Staffe falling off at the reading of the Charge he wondred at it and seeing none to take it up he stooped for it himself and put it in his Pocket Munday Ian. 22. after three bloudy Harangues at their Fast Ian. 21. on Gen. 9. 6. Mat. 7. 1. Psal. 149. 6 7. Three Texts as miserably tormented that day as his Majesty was the next these men always first being a torment to Scripture the great Rule of Right and then to all that lived according to it They being perplexed with the Kings Demurrer to their unheard of Jurisdiction resolved among themselves after some debate to maintain it as boldly That if the King offer to dispute the same again the President shall tell him That the Commons of England Assembled in Parliament have Constituted the Court whose power may not be permitted to be disputed by him That if he refused to Answer it shall be accounted a Contumacy to the Court. That if he Answer with a Salvo of his Prerogative above the Court he shall be required to Answer possitively Yea or No. Whereupon the King appearing to the no little disturbance of the Spectators and astonishment of the Conventicle its self not without interruption from the desparate Ringleader of the pack insisted on these Heads without any other Answer for their own power than their own authority That he less regarded his Life than his Conscinece his Honor the Laws and Liberties of the People which that they might not all perish together was a sufficient reason why he could not make his defence before these Iudges and acknowledge a new form of Iudicature For what power had ever any Iudges to erect a Iudicature against their King or by what power said he was it ever granted Not by Gods Laws which on the contrary command obedience to Princes nor by the Laws of the Land which injoyn all Accusations to be read in the Kings Name nor do the Laws give any power to the Lower House of judging even the meanest Subject Nor lastly doth their power flow from any authority which might be pretended extraordinary delegated from the people since they had not asked the consent so much as of every tenth man in this matter and that if power without Laws may set up Courts he knew not how any man could be safe in his Life or Estate it being not his own but the whole kingdoms that he stood upon The Traytor in grain still ever and anon interrupting the Kings Speech and telling him That the Court was abundantly satisfied of their authority and would not admit of any reasons that should detract from their power At last prest upon him to be mindful of his Doom But where said the King in all the world is that Court in which no place is left for reason You shall find Sir answered the President that this very Court is such a one Whereupon after several appearances which they had to see whether they could satisfie their dissenting Members or whether they could alter the judgment of the resolved King Remember said he then when he was going away that it is your King from whom you turn away your ear in vain certainly will my Subjects expect justice from you who stop your ears to your King ready to Plead his Cause It s very remarkable how that in this and all other transactions of his Majesty he appeals to the Reason and Law of the world which is impartial to all Mankind His adversaries to themselves vouching both the truth of their Charge and the Jurisdiction of their Court with their own authority being neither able to prove his Majesty guilty except by their own testimony or if guilty to be tried by any Court on earth but by their own Assertion Nay they that alledged the Parliament of England for the Authority against whom the King should transgress and that by which they proceeded would not receive the Kings earnest and reiterated Appeal to the Lords and Commons who made up that Parliament Long were they troubled how they might assert their power longer how they might execute it some would have Majesty suffer like the basest of Malefactors and that in his Robes of Habiliaments of State that at once they might dispatch a King and Monarchy together Others malice proposed other horrid violences to be offered to him but not to be named among men the men were indeed huge ready at inventing torments being a company of Executioners got together rather than Judges and a pack of Hangmen rather than a Court till at last they thought they should gratifie their ambition to triumph over Monarchy sufficiently if they Beheaded him and so waving all his Pleas for himself and the Allegations of Mankind for him after several unworthy Harangues consisting of nothing else but bold affirmations of that power whereof they had no one ground but those affirmations and reflections on the Kings Demurrer as a delay to their proceedings when indeed he hastened them by offering that towards the peace of the kingdom in one hour that was not thought of in several years Notwithstanding his seasonable caution to them That an hasty Sentence once past might be sooner Repented of than Recalled Conjuring them as they loved the Liberty of the People and the Peace of the Kingdom they so much pretended for they would receive what he had to
The third particular is the poor Church of England It hath flourished and been a shelter to other Neighbor Churches when storms have driven upon them But alas now it is in a storm it self and God only knows whether or how it shall get out And which is worse than a storm from without it is become like an Oak cleft to shivers with wedges made out of its own body And at every cleft profanneness and irreligion is entring in While as Prosper speaks men that introduce profaneness are cloaked over with the Name Religionis Imaginariae of Imaginary Religion for we have lost the substance and dwell too much in Opinion And that Church which all the Jesuits machinations could not ruine is now fallen into danger by her own 4. The last particular for I am not willing to be too long is my self I was born and baptized in the bosom of the Church of England Established by Law in that Profession I have ever since lived and in that I come now to die What clamors and slanders I have endured for laboring to keep an Uniformity in the external service of God according to the Doctrine and Discipline of this Church all men know and I have abundantly felt Now at last I am accused of High-Treason in Parliament a Crime which my soul ever abhorred This Treason was Charged to consist of two parts an endeavor to subvert the Laws of the Land And a like endeavor to overthrow the true Protestant Religion Established by Law Besides my answers to the several Charges I protested mine innocency in both Houses It was said Prisoners protestations at the Bar must not be taken I must therefore come now to it upon my death being instantly to give God an account for the truth of it I do therefore here in the presence of God and his holy Angels take it upon my death that I never endeavored the subversion either of Law or Religion and I desire you all to remember this protest of mine for my innocency in this and from all Treasons whatsoever I have been accused likewise as an Enemy to Parliaments No I understand them and the benefit that comes by them too well to be so But I dislike the misgovernments of some Parliaments many ways and I had good reason for it for Corruptio optimi est pessima And that being the highest Court over which no other hath Jurisdiction when 't is misinformed or misgoverned the subject is left without all Remedy But I have done I forgive all the world all and every of those bitter Enemies which have persecuted me And humbly desire to be forgiven of God first and then of every man And so I heartily desire you to joyn in prayer with me His Graces Prayer upon the Scaffold O Eternal God and Merciful Father look down upon me in Mercy in the Riches and Fulness of thy Mercies Look upon me but not till thou hast nailed my Sins to the Cross of Christ but not till thou hast bathed me in the Blood of Christ not till I have hid my self in the Wounds of Christ that so the punishment due unto my sins may pass over me And since thou art pleased to try me to the uttermost I most humbly beseech thee give me now in this great instance full patience proportionable comfort and a heart ready to die for thine honor the Kings happiness and this Chuches preservation And my zeal to these far from arrogancy be it spoken is all the sin humane frailty excepted and all incidents thereto which is yet known to me in this particular for which I come now to suffer I say in this particular of Treason But otherwise my sins are many and great Lord pardon them all and those especially what ever they are which have drawn down this present Judgment upon me And when thou hast given me strength to bear it do with me as seems best in thine own eyes Amen And that there may be a stop of this issue of blood in this more than miserable Kingdom O Lord I beseech thee give grace of Repentance to all blood-thirsty people But if they will not repent O Lord confound their designs defeat and frustrate all their designs and endeavors which are or shall be contrary to the glory of thy great Name the truth and sincerity of Religion the establishment of the King and his Posterity after him in their just Rights and Priviledges the Honor and Conservation of Parliaments in their just Power the Preservation of this poor Church in her Truth Peace and Patrimony and the settlement of this distracted and distressed People under their ancient Laws and in their native Liberties And when thou hast done all this in meer mercy for them O Lord fill their hearts with thankfulness and with religious dutiful obedience to thee and thy Commandements all their days So Amen Lord Jesu Amen And receive my soul into thy bosom Amen Our Father which art in Heaven c. The Lord Arch-bishop's Prayer as he Kneeled by the Block LOrd I am coming as fast as I can I know I must pass through the shadow of death before I can come to see thee But it is but Vmbra Mortis a meer shadow of death a little darkness upon Nature but thou by thy Merits and Passion hast broke through the jaws of death So Lord receive my soul and have mercy upon me and bless this kingdom with plenty and with brotherly love and charity that there may not be this effusion of Christian blood amongst them for Jesus Christ his sake if it be thy will Many there was to see so able an Head struck off at one blow as it was upon these words of his spoken aloud Lord receive my Soul And more crouded to see so good a man buried at his own Church of Barking in London by the Common-prayer which was Voted down at the same time that he was Voted to dye in hope both of that resurrection which he hath had already with the Cause he dyed for being removed in Iuly 1663. from Barking in London to Saint Iohns Colledge in Oxford with his friend and successor in that Colledge the Deanery of the Chappel Bishoprick of London and Arch-bishoprick of Canterbury raised by him where he was Interred with these Monuments The first by Dr. M. Lluelin then Student of Christ-church An Elegy on the most Reverend Father in God William Lord Arch-bishop of Canterbury Attached the 18. of December 1640. Beheaded the 10. of January 1644. Most Reverend Martyr THou since thy thick Afflictions first begun Mak'st Dioclesian's days all Calm and Sun And when thy Tragick Annals are compil'd Old Persecution shall be Pitty stil'd The Stake and Faggot shall be Temperate Names And Mercy wear the Character of Flames Men Knew not then Thrift in the Martyrs Breath Nor weav'd their Lives into a four years Death Few ancient Tyrants do our Stories Taxe That slew first by delays then by the Axe But these Tiberius like alone
private Education hardly raiseth Youths to that vigor freedom and generosity of spirit that a more publick doth where the Conversation goeth as far as the Instruction and the example of School-fellows beyond the Precepts of Schools-masters the one shewing what they ought to do the other what they may He professed he owed his Elocution and Pronunciation to one of his Fellow-Pupils gallant delivery of the Speeches of Ajâ—x and Vlysses in Ovid for Poetry and Cicero's Oration against Anthony for Prose His Memory to another artificial way of commanding Homers Iliads by heart the success of his Study to the common place and method of a third his invention to the growing fancy of a fourth that lay before him as the Ring-streaked Rods did before Iacobs Sheep or the Aethiopian before the Teeming-woman Richard Norshall saith Bale de Scriptor Brit. c. 7. n. 6. left behinde a Sett of Sermons for every day he was a Bishop and R. Manwaring had a sett of Exercises for every day he was a Scholar doing nothing himself and hearing nothing from others of remark but what he writ down being as Dr. Harris said of Dr. Preston a needless Ingrosser of other mens Notions for he said he had a good Memory if he did not trust it and when he lost a notion the careless man he said made the thief An habit of exactness in his smaller performances rendred him exact in those more considerable he being careful of two things the setling of his voice and his minde The modern Jews have among others a form of Prayer wherein they bless God as well as for their vents of Ejection as mouths for their admission of nourishment Mr. Manwaring though very studious to acquire Learing was more curious to express it knowing that small abilities well set off out-go greater that want that advantage The composing of four witty Verses recommended him to that Eminent School whereof he was Scholar the pronouncing of an ingenious and vigorous Oration gained him that noble Lord who thought it an honor sit to be remembred in an eminent part of the Parsonage-House he gave him to be his atron His Critical skill in Greek and rational Head preferred him Fellow of the Colledge and his discreet carriage and observing head Chaplain to his Lord in all which capacities his performances were not gaudy but proper becoming and always equal usually especially in Divinity managing his Exercises with a pleasing kinde of Magisterium Theologicum to use the old phrase of Matthew Paris Being so full that it was not with him as it was with some men the Platonick year of whose dicourses being not above three days long in which term all the same matter returns again He might be called Good-luck as his Name-sake R. Twiford was because however unhappy in himself yet he brought good success to others as two Worshipful Families can testifie whithersoever he went which made several Places and Persons ambitious at the same time of his presence and service good employments suing for him as earnestly as others had done for good employments though Locusts are generally devourers of all food yet some Locusts as those of St. Iohn are wholsom though course food themselves most troubles are losses yet this Gentlemans very losses were gains in that as he said they made him better acquainted with himself and better known to others Three things he was much resolved on the Redemption of Captives the Converting of Recusants and the undeceiving of the seduced Sectaries and three Dyaries he kept one for the Transactions of his own Life another for the publick Affairs of the Church and Kingdom and a third for the most remarkable passages of Providence that hapned in the world Many rich persons he effectually exhorted to good Works much Alms he industriously Collected his charitable Collections he carefully preserved and discrâ—etly disposed of not only for the relief of want but as he said of the Primitive Oblations to incourage virtue keeping a Discipline as he would say all charitable people should over the Poor who especially if beggars by reason of their wandring life are under none as moâ—â— is no predicament but may be reduced to any He profited much by his Books more by his Company which at the same time improved his parts and credited them good acquaintance at once instruct and by their various Interests set off one another Two of whom died the very same day and near as could be guessed certainly their Stars were as intimate as they and there was the like correspondence in their Genitures that was in their Affections the same hour The first Canon of our Church injoyning every Minister to Preach four times a year at least for the asserting of the Kings Authority and Supremacy Dr. Manwaring observing the diminution of both Sermons the one at Court before a Royal Auditory the other at his own Parish at St. Giles in the Fields before a noble one In both which places he was looked upon as an Eminent Preacher as became the Kings subject and Chaplain maintained at that time when the Kings necessity put him upon the Loan and his Authority commanded it much against the grain of the people as they were at that time humored That the Kings Royal Command in Imposing of Loans and Taxes though without common consent in Parliament doth oblige the subjects Conscience upon pain of Eternal damnation and that the Authority of Parliament is not necessary for the raising of Aids and Subsidies A Position for which he was Charged 1627. by Mr. Rous in Parliament aggravated by Mr. Pym into five Branches 1. His indeavor to infuse into His Majesties Conscience a perswasion of a Power not limited with Laws which he said King Iames in a Parliament Speech 1619. called Tyranny accompanyed with Perjury 2. His indeavor to perswade the Consciences of the subjects that they are bound to obey Illegal Commands yea he damns them for not obeying them 3. He robs the subject of the property of their Goods 4. He brands them that will not loose this property with most scandalous and odious Titles to make them hateful both to Prince and People 5. He indeavoureth to blow up Parliaments and Parlimentary Power which five were drawn up into one great one to use Mr. Pyms words Serpens qui serpentem devorat fit Draco viz. A mischievous Plot to alter and subvert the Frame and Government of the State and Common-wealth and Iune the thirteen 1628. censured thus 1. To be imprisoned during the pleasure of the House 2. To be fined a thousand pounds 3. To make his submission at the Bar in this House the House of Lords and the House of Commons at the Bar there in verbis conceptis by a Committee of this House 4. To be suspended from his Ministerial Function three years and in the mean time a sufficient Preaching man to be provided out of the Profits of his Living and this to be left to be performed by the Ecclesiastical Court 5.
quo nemo unquam vel mussitavit male THE Life and Death OF Mr. HENRY COMPTON OUT of respect to the Right Honorable the Earl of Northampton I have put together the distant Lives and Deaths of his three Brothers and to keep on in the name I annex Henry Comptons Son of Sir Henry Compton of Surrey I think the very same Sir Henry Compton of whom I find this Note in Haberdashers-hall Sir Henry Compton of Brambleton Com. Sussex with 300 l. per annum settled 1372 02 00 A sober and a civil person this Henry Compton was unhappy only in bad Company which are apt to ensnare good natures that like the good fellow Planet Mercury is much swayed by neighbor Influences No Company is uncomfortable gladness its self would grieve for want of one to express its self to joy like heat looseth strength for want of reflection but bad Company is infectious unless a man had the art when with them not to be of them Like the River Dee in Merionith-shire which running through Pimblemcer remains intire and mingleth not her streams with the water of the Lake But it were Tyranny to trample on him for those infirmities he so often lay prostrate before God for and what God hath graciously forgotten let no man despightfully remember His fall was as much the triumph of the Rebels as his life was their shame doing even when Religion was nothing but discourse better than they could speak his heart being better than their very tongues The occasion of his death was the same with that of the Nations ruin Iealousies and a strange suspicion that because a Lady my Lord Chandois Courted for him his intire Friend and constant Bed-fellow had a greater kindness for my Lord himself than for him that my Lord spoke two words for himself for one he spoke for him Jealousie the rage of this good man that shot vipers through his soul not to be pacified with the arguments urged the mediations used the protestations made though the most rational and the best natured man living after three days interposal especially upon some mad fellows suggesting to his relenting thoughts That it would be Childrens play to Challenge and not to Fight How passion diverts reason and lust overcomes and that unhallowed heat towards a Mistress the more sacred respect towards a Friend through whose heart he must needs make a way to the other heart that scorned him Fond men that undervalue themselves so much as to kill a man that they may injoy the pleasures of a beast fond hope to expect satisfaction in the injoyment of that person whom we cannot see without a guilt that will make a Bed of Doun a torment when each blush of the woman puts in minde of the bloud shed for her when each embrace recollects the last parting of dearest friends when we cannot feel the wound love makes without a greater from the thoughts of that hatred it gave Blind love indeed that killest the choicest friends for the deadliest foes a strange way really to hate out of suspicion that we may be hated to be miserable for fear of being miserable But see the hand of God to whom they appealed he that would needs fight falls and be that would not conquers though the oddes of Mr. Comptons side was five to one Duels those exercises that become neither men for men should reason and beasts fight nor Christian whose honor it is to suffer injuries but neither to give nor retaliate any generally favor the most unwilling as honor the thing they fight for being a shadow followeth him most that flyeth it THE Life and Death OF GEORGE Lord CHANDOIS THE flames of Eteocles and Polynices who had been at variance in the Field when they lived divided in their Urnes when they were dead Not so here but as a little dust thrown over them reduceth Bees that swarm to a settlement so a little earth cast upon them compose the most mortal enemies to a reconciliation our Passing Bells duely extinguishing our heats and animosities as the Curfue-Bell rung in William the Conquerors time every night at eight of the clock put out all Fires and Candles These noble persons divided in their death shall be united in their history as they were in their lives the great patterns of friendship agreeable in their tempers infinitely obliging in their converse for though they were always together yet such the great variety of their accomplishments every hour they injoyed one another had its fresh pleasures pleasures not allayed but increased by injoyment open and clear in their carrage mutually confident in their trusts faithful in their reproofs and admonitions tender in each others weaknesses and failings ready to serve one anothers occasions impatient of absence for they lived and dwelt together careful and jealous in each others concerns in a word observing the exact measures of the noblest relation in the world Friendship Bruges Lord Chandois Baron of Sudely in the County of Glocester descended from Gâ—â—â— Daughter of Ethrelred a Saxon King of this Land and Walter de Main a Nobleman of Normandy His Ancestor Sir Io. Bruges created Baron Chandois of Sudely 1 Mariae 1553. being under God the instrument of saving Queen Elizabeths life as he was one of the many Noblemen that would have saved King Charles For when the great part of the Peers who were of the most Ancient Families and Noblest Fortunes and a very great number of the House of Commons persons of just hopes and fair Estates withdrew to weaken those designs which though they discovered they durst not in London oppose my Lord retired with the first Witnessing the justice and honor of the Kings proâ—eedings Iune 15. and engaging to defend his Majesties Crown and Dignity together with his just and legal Prerogative the true Protestant Religion Established by Law the lawful Liberties of the Subjects of England with the just Priviledges of his Majesty and both his Houses of Parliament against all Persons and Power whatsoever not obeying any Orders or Commands whatsoever not waranted by the known Laws of the Land Iune 13. 1644. at York under his Hand and Seal And according to this Declaration he hastened into Glocester-shire first to disabuse the people 1. Concerning the Idle and Seditious Scandals raised upon the King and his Government 2. Touching Illegal Levies made and Forces raised by a pretended Ordinance of the Militia without the Kings Authority against the known Laws of the Land being as active in dispersing his Majesties Proclamations and Declarations as others were in carrying about the Factious Pamphets and when those courses wanted their just effects because of the judicial infatuation and delusion poor people were given up to to stop these horrid beginnings of a Civil War by arming Tenants and Servants raising with Abraham an Army out of his own house and by Garrison his house which by the Law is every mans Castle at Sudeley near Winchcomb in Glocester-shire seated on the
and Hopes d â—â—â—eupon he in disdain threw the Cap down and trampled it under fâ—eâ— An Omen said some what an enemy be would he to the Arch-bishops O der which had never since it needed such a better friend though he suspended the Arch-bishop e When the Chaplains received direction from the King not to dispute without great necessity but if they did George should hold the Coâ—clusien and Charles c. f Mr. Vines saying That he was the best Divine in England III His Carriage while Prince g To whom he was very dear h The Q of Bohemia whose Brideman he was i Who might 〈◊〉 plaâ— uites â—b◠〈◊〉 bâ—â—cts of the peoples disconâ—â—nt k As his own Grandmother the Q of 〈…〉 to England l This K. James was not sinsible of â—ill Arâ—hec Clapped his Cap on his head for â—â—â—ting the Prince goe to Spain and saying That if he returned he would take off â—he Cap from â—he King of England 's head and set 〈◊〉 â—n the K. of Spain's Which â—ad the King melanchâ—lly 〈◊〉 heard hâ— Pâ—â—nce was at Sea IV His Carriage when King 1 His Marriage his Chastiâ—y and Gods blessing him with Children m Given the D. of Chevereux n Trinity Sunday 16â—5 o No Subject fought him for injuring â—hem he having by his power and example â—â—â—ured them in all their Relations 2 His first Parliament p Muâ—ining against their Commander the Lord Wimbleton q With a Plaguâ—bred by theâ— Discontent As discontented mâ—n are most subject to that Distemper 3 His Coronation and Frugality 4 His second Parliament V The Benefits of his Government 1 â—â—s dismission of the Insolent French r Besides Land Merigaged for 120000 l. to the Câ—â—â— and 30000 l. borrowed of the East-India Company s In that tryal of â—umbâ—â— which he judâ—â—d unlawful wherein one Rey would have proved that one Ramsey would have hâ—d him serve D. Hamilton to attain the Kingdom of Scotland whose right to it they blazoned abroad t Which his Enemies knew so well that it was bâ—â— effecâ—ing him Propo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 repugnant to his Conscience and thâ—y need not fear a Peace VI The blessing of God 〈◊〉 him and his fortunâ— u Many Arts revived VII His Mercy and Love to his People Humiâ—ity and Patience w Oliver they say could not endure to hear a man speak sence Plato was like to eye because he â—â—med wiser than the Sicilian Tyrant x Being deluded as he said to unworthy thoughts of him but nâ—w convineed to a great reverence of him y There are methodical and siâ—â—wy extracts of his drawâ—â— out of Bishop Laud Mr. Hooker and Bish Andrews therein he draw together all the arguments giving light and strength to them even while he â—â—tomised them z Witness his â—â—um vednass at Prayer when â—he sad News of the Duke of Buckinghams death was brought to him bidding the Chaplain go on when he stopped at the disturbance a Meaning the Bishop of Armagh 〈…〉 IX His Valouâ— Resolution and Conduct b The Senate of Rome thank'd a Consul though he was beaten that he did not despair of the Commonwealth c This was at Edgehill Oct. 13. 1641. a In France a Who had an honest design to undo the whole Conspiracy X What great things the King granted and did for the Nation during the 23 years that he reigned f For which the last Parliament would have given him 600000 l. g At the Isle of Wight XII His Sufferings h As appears by a Letter under Londons handâ— to desire Protection of the French King i And a Lady that formerly had followers for beauâ—y and â—ow for intelligence k â—s Fulke and Ven did a He called them Rebls in the first Speech Oct 3 1640. 〈◊〉 was forced to explain himself afterwards b As he was to that first 1640. by Sir H V. who exâ— asperated them by demanding twice more Subsidies than he had order to d◠〈◊〉 so occasioned their Dissolution And to the Parliament of Scotland by H. and Tra. who under the pretence of being Mediators and Commissioners put the worse constructions they could upon his actions to the Parliament and upon theirs to him a Who after the King death finding their Masters jugglers would have done in much for them as they had done for the King until the Officers would have laid them aside which they could not do till several of them were executed a Where â—nâ— lay with a Sword and Pistal without ready is murder the King if became out while others perswaded him to escape out through that window within b A Vote once before Passed but surreptitiously and repealed by the whole House a And yet neither Lords nor Iudges four hundred fifty of eight hundred Commons confess nor a man in England except twenty Rebels owned it b Villains that overthrowed all the Laws of this Nationâ— to try the King for doing it When he died rather than he would do it c They complain of his Arbitrary Power when there was nothing more Arbitrary than for them First To Vote themselves but twenty in number to be the whole kingdom Secondly To Vote a Conventicle where there were neither Lords nor King nor ten lawfully chosen Commons for a Parliament Thirdly To Vote the Kings defensive war which he made with the assistance of his People a Treason against his People Fourthly To Vote him guilty of that bloud that they shed Fifthly To Vote him a Traytor when there is no Treason but against him And what was more than all the rest to Vote themselves after a Nation had been an hereditary Monarchy for a thousand years the Supream Power of it in an hour d When they began the war against him who with his people was forced to defend himself or be accessary to that overthrow of all Religion and Government which though not believed he saw they aimed at then and all the world saw they designed now e Not till the Traytors had set a force upon the whole Nation those very persons against whom he began the war abhorring the thoughts of calling him in question for it and thinking it a great favour if they could be secured from being called in question for it themselves Observe the impudence of the men these slaves and instruments that durst not fight against the King but in the names of the Lords and Commons yet dare murther him in their own and that for levying war against those Lords and Commons to whom before they could meddle with the King they offered violence themselves f The Parliament as they called it had received such Concessions in order to a peace that this murder could never have been attempted upon the King till these wretches had attempted another violence upon them The Parliament they say delayed this Iudgment when God knows they always abhorred it and these men first turned out of the House for refusing to consent to this murder and then they commit the murder in
their name g Observe all the practices and commotions they talk of as of late raised for the King were but the endeavours of those very men that first employed the Army against the King to rescue the King and themselves from the power of that Army and whereas these wretches say the Parliament Order the Kings Tryal it was the Parliament that encouraged all those tumults and commotions 47 48. to deliver the King from that Tryal a By Dendy the Kings own Serjeant at Arms Son b Not being permitted to breakfast being reviled all the way by P. and â—thers that rid by him the King being put upon a loan 〈◊〉 Iade a He was born so b He was a free Monarch c What his design and theirs were the world hath lately seen d He dâ—ed because he would not allow an Arbitrary Power and they killed him by an Arbitrary Power e He levied war to defend a King and they to murder one f Have dare they take away his life for levying war in his own defence against the Seditious part of the Parliament and 〈◊〉 Army of Rebels when these the Parliaments sworn servants lay violent handâ— on the whole Parliament to take away his life He would have punished two or three rebellious Parliament-men they turn out the whole House he fought the traiterous Army they senâ— against him these Members of that Army turn out those they fought under he must be a Traytor against the Parliament and yet within a fortnight before they set on his assassinatioâ— they break trouble and abuse that Parliament as if it were Treason to be against the Parliament when they were against the King but no Treason to be against them when now they were for him a With the danger of her life b Pointing at Col. Cobbet that brought him from the Isle of Wight where he said be Treated with many honorable Lords Gentlemen and is this the end of the Treaty c Both parts of the impudent Assertion equally â—rue 1. That he was now Iudged by the People and that he was at first chosen by them a On Sunday whâ—n its against all Canons to faâ—t none ever doing so but these and the Scots Prestiâ—â—s who would needs Proclaim a Fast that day because the King designed to Feast the Embassador of Denmark b As they had Voted it Ordering c That ordered that none should make any disturbance on pain of death d C. Downs that thought it fit the King should be heaâ—d by the Lords and Commons a Wherein â—e was earnest not for his own concerns but for those of the kingdom b Though he offered much â—o say for the peace of the kingdom which if the meanest man had offered he should have been heard c This was their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that the Commons of England in Parliament appointed them a Court whereas they neither did iâ— nor â—â—uld do it a All dâ—claring for a Peâ—sonal Tâ—â—aty a Secluding 140. Members b Imprisoning the Chief Citizens â—iding triumphâ—nâ—y through the streets of London and seizing the Tower c. c On shipboard in Summer timeâ— others sold slaves d Suffering nasty Confinements and ignominous Tortures The method leading to the Kings death a C. Downs disturbed the their proceedings declaring that what the King offered should be heard b Declaring that it was contrary to the known Laws and Customs of England that the King should be brought to Tryal a I. B. Dr. P. Character of him b Dr. D formerly History Professor of Cambridge set there by F. Brookes where reading in the stift lines of Tacitus he discovered so much of a popular spirit that he was complaiâ—ed of about his dâ—scourses of 〈◊〉 three sorts of government a Set on by the Instructors of their villaâ—ny Hereabouts he was stopped being not permitted to speak any more of Reasons a Telling them that it was not a slight thing that they were about a A motion so reasonable that Colonel Downs could not but presse them to hearken to it so far that they had adjourned not to consider what the King had offered but to check Col. D. into a compliance b They utterly refused his Queen that liberty a After the 〈◊〉 was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Bishop for his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 man replied that it was not 〈◊〉 but the Churches choice for the dâ—y Whereat his majesty was much comforted b Meaning Col. Thomiâ—son a Strafford b Pointing to Dr. Juxon c Turning to some Gentlemen that wrote d Meaning if he did blunt the edge a Pointing to Dr. Juxon b It is thought to give it to the Prince a They had provided I 〈◊〉 Gâ—appâ—es to pull him down b They sold Chips of the Block and Sands discoâ—â—red with his bloud c Others Proclaimed his Son in the face of his Fathers murtherers a Impâ—isoâ—ing the Bishop of London and searching Pocketâ—s and Cloaths b See M. Iconoclastes a Though they were seign to carry it aâ— fit had been discovered by chance by walking on the hollow part of it b The place exactly answering the designation of his 〈◊〉 in last Will and Testament and lying under an Herse that lay there all Q Elizabeths reign besides that no Subject had newer been buried in that Qâ—ire 1 〈…〉 a at London House 2 The 〈◊〉 it raised him All these passages are transcribed out of his Graces own Diurnal His good works doue a With new Priviledge as large as those in Cambridg since 11. the eighth hâ—s time b Wherein be did intend to hang as great and as tuneable a Ring of Bells as any are in the world a Only the irregular marrying of W. E D. E. M Dec. 26. 1605. St. Stephens day b Printed at Oxford 1666 His sufferings Dr. P. life K. Charles § The crimes laid to his Charge and reasons of his sufferings a And Homil p. 64 65. and Teâ—tul de Oâ—ig errot c. 2. 17. Statuse 3 lid 6. 10. b As ancient at Constancines time sec Polyd Virg. de Invent. ceruâ—â— l. 6. 2. Durand Ration c. a And the Preces privatae in Queen Elizâ—b time b And it was pretly thâ—â— swere 〈◊〉 was offended much the new Crucifix whereas he 〈◊〉 no notice of the old crucifix that wathere many years before See Antiq. Bâ—ic p. 33. 102. c One swore against him that a man bowed to the Virgin Maries Pictures over St. Maries door in Oxon. a Exod. 40 9 10 11. 1 Kings 8. 1 Chron 5 6 â—â— Chron 34. 8 Ezra 6 15 16 17. b Euseb. Eccles. Hist. 10. 3 de vita Coudant â— 4. 40. vid. Câ—â—â—it de Coâ—sect Eccles. Inst. ti cod l. ◠〈◊〉 5. de Sacro saâ—ctâ—â— Ecclesus c Doctor Bound Bradâ—um and Thâ— ashâ— then 〈◊〉 Iewish opâ—â—â—â—s d Iâ—stiâ— l. 2. c. 8. §. 34. e V d. Arâ—â—ii problemata de Encaeniis Grat de Conserev dist 1. f For which trey searched the 〈◊〉 book b Some his
Affairs they considering the streight he was reduced into resolved that they would redress Grievances before they would yield any Subsidies To that purpose they make bold to question his greatest and dearest Favourites and States-men and first the Duke of Buckingham against whom they set the Earl of Bristol and when he could make nothing of it the House of Commons its self with thirteen Articles attaqued that great Person who had no fault as it seems by his Replies but his great Place and his Princes Favour that Party designing thereby to make it dangerous for any person to give the King faithful Counsel or to assist him in keeping up the Government unless in compliance with them as they made it more than evident when they offered the Duke with their Interest upon some Conditions to bring him off Here is the first blow at the greatest stay of Government the Kings Majesty's Council The next thing they do notwithstanding the great danger of the Kingdom is to declare That they must clear the Liberty and Propriety of the Subject that forsooth they are the Demagogâ—es own words they might know whether they could call any thing their own before they should give the King any thing And when Nature Policy and Religion taught the World that his Majesty who had the Care of the Kingdom must not let it perish for the humour of some people that would allow nothing towards the maintenaâ—ce either of themselves or it choosing as one Turner said openly in the House Rather to fall into the hands of Enemies abroad than to submit to the Government as then established at home And some Divines preached what is great reason That his Majesty being Intrusted by God with a Power to defend his Kingdom must have a power too by all means to raise Men and Money in spight of any malicious Factions wherewith he may defend it For this Dr. Mainwaring and Dr. Sibthorpe both as I take it his Majesties Chaplains are questioned not by the Church to whose Cognizance Errours in Doctrines most properly belong but by the Lay-Elders of the House of Commons Yea and if the Farmers of the Custom-house advance any money upon the Kings ancient Revenue of Tonnage and Poundage they shall be questioned for that and for Levying any Imposts upon any Commodities whatsoever That 's the second Blow at his Majesties Prerogative and Revenue wherein I may include the noise they made against Coat and Conduct-money and Free-quarter Having weakned the Civil Power by these Courses they thought it easie to overthrow the Ecclesiastical for the Faction grown bold and considerable by the remisness of a great Prelate and the discontent of others question all Proceedings in Ecclesiastical Courts open a door to several vexatious Suits against several Officers of that Court besides that they questioned Mr. Mountague Mr. Cozens and threatned Bishop Laud Bishop Neile and others that were resolved to stand by the Supream Power of the King in Ecclesiastical Affairs against which they levelled their third Blow And when all this would not do they examine the whole Government for divers years together the disbursment of the Revenue the administrations of War and Peace They rake into Prince Henry and King Iames his death and this with such a deal of stir and tumult that some of them lock the Parliament Doors others make such a noise as rings all over Westminster others force the Speaker Sir Iohn Finch and hold him whether he would or no in the Chair when he would have left the House when it was become rather a Billingsgate Conventicle than an House of Parliament When the turbulent House of Commons was dissolved and the Faction having got a new Maxime That they might say and do what they pleased within the Walls of that House as publick persons whereof they were to give no account as private men lost the benefit of it by that Dissolution the King resolving that they should not make the Parliament a Conspiracy they fall to Libelling Printing popular Insinuations Evasions and Elusions of the Civil and Ecclesiastical Laws that tended to the securing of the Government secret and open Oppositions to all the ways the King took to raise money though never so legally the just King always consulting his Judges about the Legality of all Taxes before he ordered his Officers to gather them For the first Question in that Kings Reign was Is it just And the next Is it convenient And those men that have imposed Millions on others since grudged to pay then twenty shillings for it was but twenty shillings Ship-money that Mr. Hampden went to Law with the King for and my Lord Say but for four pounds And that five pounds was the occasion of all the stir afterwards made about the Ship-money which cost the Nation fifty seven Millions Sterling since The untoward Reading in the Innes of Court upon Points most dangerous to Government possessing the People with strange Fears and Jealousies about Religion German Horse a French and Arbitrary Government and what not Every publick Action of the King or his Ministers being mis-interpreted Combinations were held between the factious English and discontented Scots whose begging-time being over at Court they bethink of coming to Plunder the Country The Faction gives out that the King had deserted the Protestants of the Palatinate and France when the truth is they had deserted him The Bishops in their Visitations were every where opposed and the Troublesom taught how to elude all Church-Obligations by Common Law In a word notwithstanding that the Kingdom injoyed for the first fifteen years of the excellent King Charles I. his Reign Trade flourished and Gold and Silver in his time was almost as plentiful as in Solomons Learning and all Arts were improved to the heighth and Scholars Encouragements were as great as their Improvements Religion grew up to its primitive Beauty and Purity Law and Justice secured all persons in their just Acquisitions The People had liberty to do any thing by evil the Rich durst not wrong the Poor neither need the Poor envy or fear the Rich. The Treasure of Spain was coined in our Mint and exchanged for our Commodities forreign Nations either feared our Arms or sought our Friendship We claimed and enjoyed the Dominion of the Sea Wars Plagues and Famines were strangers to our Coasts and we were even against our will the happiest People under Heaven except onely for this that we were not sensible either of our Happiness or of the use of it understanding it seems no more improvement of the great blessing of Peace and good Government than wantonness and unthankfulness Notwithstanding fifteen years of the most blessed effects of Justice Wisdom Piety and Peaceableness of an excellent Prince of whom the World was not worthy By the practices of Cardinal Richlieu and others who envied and feared our happiness by the Indigence and Schism of the Scots by the comprehensive Combination in England that had taken in with the
Puritan Factions all the discontented ambitious turbulent innovating covetous desperate and most easily-deluded sort of people by the wilde courses of such as had offended beyond all security save in a troublesom time by a general Odium cast upon all Acts of Government and a perverse Spirit of discontent fears and jealousies raised throughout the three Kingdoms and vehemently possessing all sorts of people by the necessities of the King and some forreign troubles by the treachery of some that had the management of the Affairs of Scotland That which was at first but an Opinion after that a Book-controversie and never durst look beyond a Motion a Petition a Supplication a Conference a Disputation and some private murmurings at best became now a War The cause whereof on the one side was an old Schism maintained mens private Interests promoted Rebellion that sin like Witchcraft the overthrow of all Laws and Government the ruine of Learning Religion and Order the piecing up of broken Estates by Rapine and Plunder an ambition to attain to those Honours and Preferments in troublesom times that they despaired of in those more quiet as derived on persons of more worth and deserving A canting pretence for Liberty of Conscience and of the Subject that proved at last nothing but Licentiousness the Umbrage of the publick good when it appeared at last but the project of private persons who no sooner overthrew the Government but they quarrelled one with another till at last instead of one good Government we had so many that we had none at all and instead of an excellent King all the Bloud Treasures and Pretences ended in a sordid base bloudy tyrannical and upstart Usurper raised out of the meanest of the people A Revenge of some particular and personal Wrongs with the ruine of the Publick the setting up of Sects Schisms and Heresies upon the subversion of the established Doctrine and Discipline a perpetual disgrace and dishonour to Christianity and the English Nation occasioning such Burdens and Mischiefs as the Child unborn may rue Burdens and Mischiefs conveyed from them to late Posterity the desolation of the Country the ruine of gallant Churches Castles and Cities the undoing of some thousands of Families the bloud of 80000 killed on both sides and upon all occasions An unnatural division and animosity begun even among Relations that is like to last from Generation to Generation abominable Canting taking of the Name of God in vain hypocrisie perjury against the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy the Protestation yea the Covenant which they took themselves and all the Obligations they owed to God or Man the mocking of God by Fasts Prayers and seeking of his face to wicked and vile purposes the making of him the Author of the Abominations he abhors the making of Religion onely a Cloak to Villanies and all the Ordinances of it especially Sermons and Sacraments the Ministeries of horrid undertakings filling Pulpits with such Non-sence and Lyes as all Ears that heard tingled Such encouragement to loose Fancies and vile Opinions to enlarge and increase their Party as left not unshaken any Foundation in the whole compass of Christian Religion a Sacriledge unheard-of that was to swallow up all Bishops and Dean and Chapters Lands all Tithes and Ministers Maintenance all Universities and publick Schools all Hospitals Colledges and charitable Foundations a Rapine that carried away all the Crown-Revenue and sent a great Royal Family a begging devoured the Estates of above 12000 Noblemen Gentlemen and persons of eminent Quality and indeed left no man so much propriety as to say This is mine there being no other Law or Judicature than that Arbitrary one of the Sword carrying on of the publick good till the Nation was beggered a crying up of the power of Parliaments till the House of Lords was laid by and the House of Commons consisting of almost five hundred Gentlemen reduced to fifty or sixty Mechanicks and poor fellows who are turned out by their own Army as a pack of Knaves and Fools a pretence to make the King glorious till he was murdered and fighting for him against evil Counsellours till they cut off his head the best Counsellour he had The rendring of a Nation once the Envy and Terrour of the World now its Scorn and Contempt and Englishmen once the Glory of Europe now its Shame for doing that which Turks and Pagans and the Barbarous abhorred crying out You fight and judge your King Not to say any thing of the general horrour and consternation that seized all the Christian World upon that horrid Conspiracy The letting loose of all the Jesuitical Principles that had troubled the World but were never before owned by things that would be called Protestants 1. As that Subjects may resist force with force in their own defence 2. That the Law of Nature in case of necessity teacheth men to take up Arms against their Sovereign 3. That a wicked King may be deposed 4. That a Tyrant may be killed by any hand as a wilde Beast and an Enemy of Mankind 5. That they do not break their Oaths of Allegiance that fight against the Kings person if they pretend his power 6. That the King is accountable to the People as made by them in whom resides the Supream Majesty 7. That Success is a signe of Gods blessing and presence with any people in any undertaking 8. That if the King keep not his Oath at the Coronation with the people they are not to keep their Oaths of Allegiance towards him 9. That Arms may be taken by Subjects to promote true Religion 10. That Liberty is to be allowed to all men under any Government to profess what Religion soever they please 11. That nothing is to be established in publick that goeth against any mans Opinion Humour or Conscience in private 12. That if any Court Judicature Form of Worship or Law be abused then it must be presently laid down and not used 13. That any thing that hath been used by the Papists or that is but pretended to be Popish as what that displeased hath not been so must be abrogated A Principle that the Jesuits observing our blinde zeal against Popery have suggested to overthrow all Religion under pretence of avoiding Popery 14. That there must be no Kingdom but that of Christs and that until he comes in person the Saints must reign 15. That Dominion is founded upon Grace and that the wicked have no right to any thing that they enjoy 16. That the Law of the Land was not made for the Righteous but for Sinners so they abused a place of Scripture that sounds that way 17. That all the Prophecies and Revolutions forespoken of concern England and that they may make any stir to fulfil these Prophecies all that they did being as they said nothing but Gods pouring out his Vials on the Beast c. the whole Scripture being understood not according to the inward sense but according to the outward sound and
they had done great things for their Sovereign they might suffer greater THE LIFE ACTIONS AND DEATH OF Sir THOMAS WENTWORTH Earl of STRAFFORD Protoâ— Martyr for Religion and Allegiance SIR Thomas Wentworth Earl of Strafford owed his Birth to the best govern'd City London his Breeding to the best modelled School York and a most exact Colledge St. Iohns in Cambr. his Accomplishments to the best Tutors Travel and Experience and his Prudence to the best School a Parliament whither he came in the most active and knowing times with a strong Brain and a large Heart His Activity was eminent in his Country and his Interest strong in King Charles's Parliament where he observed much and pertinently spake little but home contrived effectuallyâ— but closely carried his Designs successfully but reservedly He apprehended the publick Temper as clearly and managed it to his purposes as orderly as any man He spoke least but last of all with the advantage of a clear view of others Reasons and the addition of his own He and his leading Confidents moulded that in a private Conference which was to be managed in a publick Assembly He made himself so considerable a Patriot that he was bought over to be a Courtier so great his Abilities that he awed a Monarchy when disobliged and supported it when engaged the Balance turning thither where this Lord stood The North was reduced by his Prudence and Ireland by his Interest He did more there in two years then was done in two hundred before 1. Extinguishing the very Relicks of the War 2. Setting up a standing Army 3. Modelling the Revenue 4. Removing the very Root and Occasions of new Troubles 5. Planting and Building 6. Setling Ecclesiastical and Civil Courts 7. Recovering the hearts of the People by able Pastors and Bishops by prudent and sober Magistrates by Justice and Protection by Obligations and Rewards 8. Recovering the Churches Patrimony and Discipline 9. Imploying most able and faithful Ministers and Instruments 10. Taking an exact view of all former Presidents Rules and Proceedings 11. An exact correspondence with his Majesty and the Favourites of England None was more conversant in the Factions Intrigues and Designs than he when a Common-wealths-man none abler to meet with them than he when a States-man he understood their Methods kenned their Wiles observed their Designs looked into their Combinations comprehended their Interest And as King Charles understood best of any Monarch under Heaven what he could do in point of Conscience So his Strafford apprehended best of any Counsellour under the Sun what he could do in point of Power He and my Lord of Canterbury having the most particular account of the State of Great Britain and Ireland of any persons living Nature is often hidden sometimes overcome seldom extinguished yet Doctrine and Discourse had much allayed the severity of this Earls Nature and Custom more None more austere to see to none more obliging to speak with He observed pauses in his discourse to attend the motion and draw out the humour of other men at once commanding his own thoughts watching others His passion was rather the vigour than the disorder of his wel-weighed Soul which could dispense its anger with as much prudence as it managed any Act of State He gave his Majesty safe counsel in the prosperity of his Affairs and resolute advice in Extremity as a true Servant of his Interest rather than of his Power So eminent was he and my Lord of Canterbury that Rebellion despaired of success as long as the first lived and Schism of licentiousness as long as the second stood Take my Lord of Strafford as accused and you will find his Integrity and Ability that he managed his whole Government either by the Law or the Interest of his Country Take him as dying and you will see his Parts and Piety his Resolution for himself his Self-resignation for the Kingdoms good his Devotion for the Church whose Patrimony he forbad his Son upon his Blessing Take him as dead you will find him glorious and renowned in these three Characters The first of the best King I looked upon my Lord of Strafford as a Gentleman whose great Abilities might make a Prince rather afraid than ashamed to imploy him in the greatest Affairs of State for those were prone to create in him great confidence of undertakings and this was like enough to betray him to great Errors and many Enemies whereof he could not but contract great store while moving in so high a Sphere and so vigorous a lustre he must nedds as the Sun raise many envious Exhalations which condensed by a popular Odium were capable to cast a Cloud upon the brightest Merit and Integrity Though I cannot in my judgment approve all he did driven it may be by the necessities of Times and the Temper of that People more than led by his own disposition to any heighth 〈◊〉 â—igour of Action c. The second of the best Historian He was a person of a generous Spirit fitted for the noblest Exercises and the most difficult parts of Empire his Counsels were bold yet just and he had a vigour proper for the execution of them Of an eloquence next that of his Masters Masculine and excellent He was no less affectionate to the Church than to the State and not contented while living to defend the Government and Patrimony of it he commended it also to his Son when he was about to die and charged his abhorrency of Sacriledge His Enemies called the majesty of his Mind in his Lieutenancie pride and the undaunted execution of his Office on the Contumacious the Insolency of his Fortune He was censured for that fatal errour of following the King to London and to the Parliament after the Pacification at York And 't was thought that if he had gone over to his Charge in Ireland he might have secured both himself and that Kingdom for his Majesties Service But some attribute this Counsel to a necessity of Fate whose first stroke is at the Brain of those whom it designs to ruine and brought him to feel the effects of popular Rage which himself in former Parliaments had used against Government and to find experience of his own devices upon the Duke of Buckingham Providence teacheth us to abhor over-sine Counsels by mischiefs they often bring upon their Authors The third of Common Fame A Gentleman he was of rare Choice and singular Endowments I mean of such as modelled fashioned accomplished him for State-concernments of a searching and penetrating Judgment nimble apprehension ready and fluent in all results of Council most happy in the vein of Speech which was alwayes round perspicuous and express much to the advantage of his sense and so full stocked with Reason that he might be rather said to demonstrate than to argue As these Abilities raised him to State-Administration so his addressing his applying those Abilities so faithfully in promotion of the Royal Interest soon rendred him
a Favourite of the first Admission So that never King had a more Intelligent and withal a firmer Servant than he was to his Majesty But these qualities which rendred him so amiable to his Majesty represented him formidable to the Scots so that some who were not well perswaded of the justness of his Sentence thought he suffered not so much for what he had done already as for what he was like to have done had he lived to the dis-service of that Nation and that he was not sacrificed so much to the Scots revenge as to their fear And certainly his fall was as the first so the most fatal Wound the Kings Interest ever received his three Kingdoms hardly affording another Strafford that is one man his peer in Parts and Fidelity to his Majesty He had a singular passion for the Government and Patrimony of the Church both which he was studious to preserve safe and sound either opining them to be of sacred Extraction or at least prudent constitution relating to holy performances And had he wanted these positive Graces yet in so great a Person it may be commendable that he was eminent for privative and negative Excellencies being not taxable with any vice those petty pleasures being beneath the satisfaction of a Soul so large as his In short saith the ingenious Gentleman He was a man who might have passed under a better notion had he lived in better times This last Period is a Question since this great States-man and his good Masters Goodness was so over-shadowed with their Greatness and their Vertues so lost in their Power as the Sun the aptest parallel of their Lustre and Beneficence is hid in his own lightâ— that they owe their great but glorious Fame to their misfortunes and their Renown to their ruine that levelled their worth otherwise as much out of their reach as their place to vulgar apprehensions Eclipsed Lustre like a veiled Beauty is most looked on when most covered The setting Sun is more glorious than its self in its Meridian because more low and the lowest Planet seems biggest to a common eye So faithful he was and the Archbishop that in the Iuncto consisting of them two and Duke Hamilton they voted a Parliament though they knew themselves the first Sufferers by it and so confident of his Integrity that when he had Treason enough discovered at the late Transactions in York touching the Scots Conspiracy to charge his Enemies with he waved the advantage and secure in his own Innocency fell an Instance of that Maxim That there is no Danger small but what is thought so This was his great Principle Vsurped Royalty was never laid down by perswasion from Royal Clemency for in armis jus omne regni Bishop Land was the man by whose advice he had his Power and Preferment and he was the man according to whose direction he managed it Being no sooner admitted Member of the House of Peers than friend to the Bishop of Bath and Wells and at the same time of the Kings intimate Council and the Bishops intimate Acquaintance his first Act in Council was to advise his Majesty to take Tonnage and Poundage if it might be had as the Gift of the People if not as one of the Duties belonging to his Prerogative a Prerogative without which Kingdoms are not safe for if Kings have not an absolute power when there is need to impose on their Subjects they may not have power when there is occasion to defend them they that weaken their Soveraigns power weaken their own security and when a Prince is reduced to that pass that he cannot help and serve himself he will quickly come to that pass that he shall not be able to protect his people His next was to advise the King to stand by the Farmers of the Custom-house when questioned viz. Sir Iohn Wolstenholm Mr. Daws and Mr. Caermarthin Good Servants are neither to be encouraged in Wrong nor to be forsaken in the Right That Prince must shew himself resolute and stout whose Affairs cannot be managed by cowardly Servants Many counselled the questioning of the refractory Members in the House of Commons that kept the Speaker in his Chair in spight of his teeth locked up the Doors against all Messages from the King detained the Serjeant at Arms by force declared their fellow-Subjects Traytors c. But my Lord of Strafford was for neglecting them the Action if questioned might be made out to the people to be a defence of their Liberty whereas if sleighted it is but a Hubbub and they that were at first condemned by all for their disorder would be if convented at last pitied for their Sufferings The great Richlieu construed an old Maxime of Tacitus thus Criminals never grow considerable till thought so and so raised from despicable Delinquents to a formidable Party Innovation the whole Councel suspected always as bringing with it more Inconveniencies by the Change than Advantage by the Reformation and he condemned upon this observation That where Reformation once drew on a Change the desire of change an hundred times but pretended Reformation Although he had no minde to meddle with the persons of the Seditious in the last Parliament yet he took special notice of the Doctrines of one of them viz. Eliot that said He was not bound to give an account as a private person before the Councel of what he said or did as a publick person in Parliament As if as the wise man would observe with much impatience That August Assembly that advised about Laws to punish Disorders should be the onely Sanctuary for them And a Parliament were no other than the Saturnalia of Rome where Slaves for some days in the year might say and do what they pleased of their Masters It was easie for him to foresee the readiness of the Emperour to yield to a peace when pressed so hard by the Swede but to come one Morning to the Councel when they were most busie and perplexed about the War with France and assure them that France would begg a Peace as they did by the Mediation of Venice was a foresight none owned but one that as it is said of Mazarine Was of all the Councels of Europe Adding That that was a time for England though low to be Courted as it was from Spain Venice Holland Denmark c. and not to be provoked None more diligent to finde out ways to supply the Kings occasions yet none more severe than this Lord against Books of Projects such as Dudley's and others Books designed rather to raise the Jealousies of the People than the Revenue of the King None severer against Libels and others the sad Prognosticks of the sad times approaching yet none more against the vexing imprisoning and mutilating those Offenders than he judging it safer to cut off or pardon than distress any man that is to take away either his power or will to Revenge The vexed and distressed man is continually
Gods Holy Word might keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of Peace It being a sad thing in his opinion that three Christian and Protestant Kingdomes under one Christian and Protestant King should have three several Confessions of Faith 4. Abolished several idle and barbarous Customs putting the Natives upon ingenious ways of Improving that rich Land by Flax Hemp c. infinitely to the Advantage of the King and Kingdom 5. Recovering near upon 40000 l. per year to the Church which by ungodly Alienations was made saith a Bishop of their own as low as Poverty it self bringing over with him as great Affections for the Church and all Publike Interests as he had Abilities to serve them 6. Put Ireland Anno 1639. in three moneths by a Parliament he got together in that short time into such a posture for Men and Money as was a Pattern to the following Parliament of England which resented that Service so much that the House of Commons gave him the Thankes of the Kingdome in their own House and waited upon him two of their most eminent Members supporting him to his place in the House of Lords In fine he wrought that wilde and loose people to such a degree of Peace Plenty and Security as it had never been since it was annexed to this Crown and made it pay for the Charges of its own Government which before was deducted out of the English Treasury Their Peace and Lawes now opening accesses to Plenty and Trade he remitted indeed nothing of that Authority Strictness Discipline or Grandieur that might advance the Interest or Honor of his Master yet he admitted so much moderation into his Counsels and Proceedings as that Despair added to former Discontents and the Fears of utter Extirpation to their wonted Pressures should not provoke to an open Rebellion a people prone enough to break out to all exorbitant Violence both by some principles of their Religion and the natural desires of Liberty both to exempt themselves from their present restraints and prevent after-rigors And when the Tumults of Scotland and the Discontents of England called for the same Counsel here that he had with success applyed to the distempers of Ireland how clearly did he see thorow the Mutinies and Pretences of the Multitude into the long-contrived Conspiracies and Designs of several orders of more dangerous men whose Covetousness and Ambition would digest as he fore-saw the rash Tumults into a more sober and solemn Rebellion How happily did he divine that the Affronts offered the Kings Authority on the score of Superstition Tyranny Idolatry Male-administration Liberty words as little understood by the Vulgar as the Design that lay under them were no other than Essays made by certain sacrilegious and needy men to confirm the Rapines upon Church and State they had made in Scotland and to open a door to the same practises in England to try how the King who had already ordered a Revocation of all such Vsurpations in Scotland and had a great minde to do the like in England would bear their rude and insolent Attempts whether he would consult his Power or his Goodness assert his Majesty or yield to their importunity How nimbly did he meet with the Faction by a Protestation he gained from all the Scots in England and Ireland against the Covenant of their Brethren in Scotland at the same time in several Books he caused to be printed discovering that the Scottish Faction that so much abhorred Popery proceeded in this Sedition upon the worst of Popish principles and practises And that this Godly League which was so much applauded by the people was a Combination of men acting over those Trayterous Bloody and Jesuitical Maximes of Mariana Suarez Sa Bellarmine which all good people abhorred Adding that those very persons that instructed the poor populary to quarrel with their Sovereign about Liberty should as it followed afterwards lay a more unsupportable slavery upon them than their most impious slanders could form in the imagination of the Credulous that they might fear from the King The power God had invested him with he intreated the King to own and the ways the Laws of God and the Land allowed him to maintain that power to make use of employing all the able men that pretended to skill either in Law or Government to see if Prerogative had any way yet left to save an unwilling People for knowing how prevailing the Seditious were always to disturb the Counsels of the Parliament he feared that from their proceedings the common Enemies would be encouraged as formerly to higher Insolencies and the envious Demagogues would contemn their own safety to ruine the Kings Honor therefore giving vigorous Orders for raising the Ship-money and a great Example towards Advancing a Benevolence subscribing himself 20000 l. and procuring the Subscription of 500000 l. from the Church the Court the City and Countrey besides some thousands by Compositions with Papists especially in Stafford-shire Lancashire York-shire c. and by Forfeitures observed by him in London Derry and other places held by Patent from His Majesty When he saw a Faction by the diligence of the Kings enemies and the Security and Treason of his pretended Friends who made it their business to perswade His Majesty that there was no danger so long until there was no safety formed into Councels and drawn up into Armies when he saw one Kingdom acting in open Rebellion and another countenancing and inclining to it when he discovered a Correspondence between the Conclave of Rome and the Cardinal of France between the King of France and the Rebels of Scotland between the Leaders of the Scottish Sedition and the Agents of the English Faction one Pickering Laurence Hampden Fines c. being observed then to pass to and fro between the English and the Scottish Brethren and saw Letters signed with the Names though as some of them alledged since without the consent of the Five Members c. when the Government in Church and State was altered the Kings Ships Magazines Revenue Forts and faithful Servants were seized on the Orders of State and Worship of God were affronted by a barbarous multitude that with sticks stools and such other instruments of Fury as were present disturbed all religious and civil Conventions and the Kings Agents Hamilton Traquair and Roxborough pleased no doubt with the Commotions they at first raised and by new though secret seed of Discontents improved increased the Tumults by a faint Opposition which they might have allayed by vigorous punishments all the Declarations that were drawn in the Kings Name being contrived so as to overthrow his Affairs In a word when he saw that the Traytors were got into the Kings Bed-chamber Cabinets Pockets and Bosom and by false representation of things had got time to consolidate their Conspiracy and that the Kings Concessions to their bold Petition about the Liturgy the High-Commission the Book of Canons and the â—ive
years before he was imployed thither That as he hath been just and faithful to his Master the King by increasing his Revenue so hath he also much bettered the Trade and Shipping of that Kingdome 11. That he prohibited the exportation of some Native Commodities as Pipe-staves c. and then required great summes of money for license to export them to the Inhansing of the prices of those Commodities half in half The Earles Reply That Pipe-staves were prohibited in King James his time and not exported but by License paying six shillings eight pence a thousand and that he had not raised so much thereby to himself as his Predecessors had done for such Licenses 12. That the said Earl to regulate the Trade of Tobacco prohibited the Importing of it without License In the mean time taking up and buying it at his own rate to his own use and forbidding others to sell any Tobacco by whole-sale but what was made up in Rolls and sealed at both ends by himself Besides other Monopolies of Starch Iron Pots which they said brought the Earl in 100000l sterl besides that though he inhanced the Customes in general yet he drew down the Imposts on Tobacco from 6d to 3d. in the pound The Earles Reply That before his time the King had but ten or twenty pounds per annum for that Custome which now yeilded twenty thousand pounds For the Proclamation it was not set out by his meanes principally or for his private benefit but by consent of the whole Council The prices of Tobacco not exceeding two shillings in the pound And this he conceives cannot be made Treason were all the Articles granted but onely a Monopoly for which he was to be Fined 13. That Flax being the Native Commodity of Ireland and he having much of it growing on his own ground or at his command ordered by Proclamation that none should be vented upon pain of forfeiting it but what was wrought into Yarn and Thread a way not used in Ireland whereby he had the sole sale of that Commodity The Earles Reply That he did endeavour to advance the Manufacture of Linnen rather then of Woollen because the last would be the greater detriment to England That the Primate of Ireland the Arch-Bishop of Dublin Chancellour Loftus and the Lord Mount-Norris all of the Council and Subscribers of the Proclamation were as liable to the Charge as himself That the reducing of that Nation by Orders of the Council-Board to the English Customes from their more savage usages as drawing Horses by their Tails c. had been of former practise That the Project was of so ill avail to him as he was the worse for the Manufacture thirty thousand pounds at least by the Loom he had set up at his own Charge 12. That the said Earl did in a War-like manner by Soldiers execute his severest Orders and Warrants in Ireland dispossessing se veral persons by force of Arms in a time of peace of their houses and estates raising taxes and quartering Souldiers upon those that disobeyed his Orders so leavying War against his Majesties Liege people in that Realm Testified Serjeant Savil. The Earles Reply That nothing hath been more ordinary in Ireland than for the Governours to put all manner of Sentences in execution by the help of Soldiers that Grandison Faulkland Chichester and other Deputies frequently did it Sir Arthur Teningham to this point deposed that in Faulklands time he knew twenty Souldiers assessed upon one man for reâ—using to pay sixteen shillings That his instruction for executing his Commission was the same with those formerly given to the Lord Faulkland and that in both there is express warrant for it That no Testimony produced against him doth evidently prove he gave any Warrant to that effâ—ct and that Serjeant Savil shewed only a Copy of a Warrant not the Original it self which he conceived could not make Faith in Case of life and death in that High Court especially it being not averred upon Oath to agree with the Original which should be upon Record That he conceived he was for an Irish Custom to be Tryed by the Peers of that Kingdome 13. That he obtained an Order of his Majesty That none should complain of any Oppression or Injustice in Ireland before the King or Council in England unless first the party made his address to him using to all his Actions his Majesties Authority and Name yet to prevent any from coming over to Appeal to his Majesty or to complain he by Proclamation bearing date Septemb. 17. 1636. Commanded all Nobility Undertakers and others that held Offices in the said Kingdom of Ireland to make their residence there not departing thence without License seconding that Proclamation with Fines Imprisonments c. upon such as disobeyed it as on one Parry c. Testified by the Earl of Desmond the Lord Roch Marcattee and Parry The Earles Reply That the Deputy Faulkland had set out the same Proclamation That the same Restraint was contained in the Statute of 25. Henry 6. upon which the Proclamation was founded That he had the Kings express Warrant for the Proclamation That he had also power to do it by the Commission granted him and that the Lords of the Councel and their Iustices not only yielded but pressed him unto it That it was done upon just cause for had the Ports been open divers would have taken liberty to go to Spain Doway Rheimes or St. Omers which might have proved of mischievous Consequence to the State That the Earl of Desmond stood at the time of his restraint Charged with Treason before the Councel of Ireland for practising against the Life of one Valentine Coke That the Lord Roch was then a Prisoner for Debt in the Castle of Dublin and therefore incapable of License That Parry was not fined for not coming without License but for several contempts against the Council-Board in Ireland and that in his Sentence he had but only a casting Voice as the Lord Keeper in the Star-Chamber 14. That having done such things as aforesaid in his Majesties Name he framed by his own Authority an unusual Oath whereby among other things people were to Swear That they would not protest against any of his Majesties Royal Commands but submit themselves in all Obedience thereunto An Oath which he Imposed on several Scots in Ireland designing it indeed against the Scottish Covenant on pain of great Fines as H. Steward 5000 l. c. Exile and Imprisonment c. The Earles Reply That the Oath was not violently enjoyned by him upon the Irish Scots but framed in Compliance with their own express Petition which Petition is owned in the Proclamation as the main Impulsive to it That the same Oath not long after was prescribed by the Councel of England That he had a Letter under his Majesties own hand ordering it to be prescribed as a Touch-Stone of their Fidelity As to the greatness of the Fine imposed upon Steward and others he
stood by that that was a point worth his consideration The Earles Reply That he expected some proof to evidence the two first particulars but he hears of none For the following words he confessed probably they might escape the Door of his Lips nor did he think it much amiss considering the present posture to call that Faction Rebels As for the last words objected against him in that Article he said that being in conference with some of the Londoners there came to his hands at that present a Letter from the Earl of Lichester then in Paris wherein were the Gazettes enclosed relating that the Cardinal had given order to â—evy Money by Souldiers This he onely told the Lord Cottington standing by but he made not the least Application thereof to the English affairs 21. That being Lieutenant-General of the Northern Forces against the Scots 1639. he Imposed 6d per diem on the Inhabitants of York-shire for the maintenance of Trained Bands by his own Authority threatning them that refused with imprisonment and other penalties little below those inflicted for High-Treason The Earles Reply That his Majâ—sty coming to York it was thought necessary in regard the Enemy was upon the Borders to keep the Trained-bands on foot for the defence of the Country and therefore the King directed him to Write to the Free-holders in York-shire to declare what they would do for their own defence that they freely offered a months pay nor did any man grudge against it Again it was twice propounded to the great Council of Peâ—rs at York that the King approved it as a just and necessary act and none of the Council contradicted it which he conceived seemed a tacit allowance of it That though his Majesty had not given him special Order therein nor the Gentry had desired it yet he conceived he had power enough to Impose that Tax by Vertue of his Commission But he never said that the Refusers should he guilty of little less than High-â—reason which being proved by Sir William Ingram he was but a single Testimony and one who had formerly mistaken himself in what he had deposed 22. That he being Lieutenant-General against the Scots suffered New-Castle to be Lost to them with design to incense the English against the Scots And that he ordered my Lord Conway to Fight them upon disadvantage the said Lord having satisfied him that his Forces were not equal to the Scots out of a malicious desire to Engage the two Kingdomes in a National and Bloudy War The Earles Reply That he admired how in the third Article he being charged as an Incendiary against the Scots is now in this Article made their Confederate by Betraying New-Castle into their hands But to answer more particularly he said That there were at New-Castle the 24. of August ten or twelve thousand Foot and two thousand Horse under the Command of the Lord Conway and Sir Jacob Ashley and that Sir Jacob had writ to him concerning the Town of New-castle that it was Fortified which also was under his particular Care and for the passage over the River of Tine His Majesty sent special direction to the Lord Conway to secure it and therefore that Lord is more as he conceives responsible for that miscarriage than himself These replies were so satisfactory in themselves and so nobly managed by him that they exceeded the expectation of the Earles Friends and defeated that of his Enemies Insomuch that finding both the number and the weight of their former Articles ineffectual their multitude being not as they designed able to hide their weakness they would needs force him the next day notwithstanding a â—it of the Stone that made it as much as his life was worth to stir abroad which though testified by the Leiutenant of the Tower they measuring the Earles great spirit that scorned to owe his brave Life to ignoble Acts by their own mean one believed not and when convinced aiming at his ruin rather than tryal regarded not to answer others I mean those obscure Notes that Sir Henry Vane whose covetousness having as great a mind to a part of the Earles Estate as others ambition had to the snips of his Power betrayed his trust and honour to satisfie his malice took under his Hat at Council-board May 5. 1040. the day the last Parliament was Dissolved treacherously laid up in his Closet maliciously and by his own Son Harry who must be pretended forsooth as false to the Father as ever the Father had been to his Master and when sent to one Closet finding a little Key there to have ransacked another where these Notes lay conveyed to Master Pym slyly by Master Pym and the Commons who would needs have a conference with the Lords that very afternoon urged so vehemently that the Lords who thought it reasonable that the Earles Evidence might be heard as well as his Adversaries were bassled to a compliance with the Commons in this Vote that the Earl should appear April 13th as he did And when these Notes were Read viz. No danger of a War with Scotland if Offensive not Defensive K. C. H. How can we undertake an Offensive War if we have no money L. L. Ir. Borrow of the City an hundred thousand pounds go on vigorously to Levy Ship-money your Majesty having tried the affections of your People you are absolved and loose from all Rules of Government and to do what Power will admit Your Majesty hath tryed all ways and being refused shall be Acquitted before God and Man And you have an Army in Ireland that you may Imploy to reduce this Kingdom to obedience for I am confident the Scots cannot hold out five months The Town is full of Lords put the Commission of Array on foot and if any of them stir we will make them smart Answered thus calmly and clearly his nature being not overcome nor his temper altered by the arts of his Adversaries That being a Privy Counsellor he conceived he might have the freedom to Vote with others his opinion being as the exigent required It would be hard measure for Opinions Resulting from such Debates to be prosecuted under the notion of Treason And for the main Hint suggested from these words The King had an Army in Ireland which he might Imploy here to reduce this Kingdom he Answereth That it is proved by the single Testimony of one man Secretary Vanâ— not being of validity in Law to create faith in a Case of Debt much less in Life and Death That the Secretaries Deposition was very dubious For upon two Examinations he could not Remember any such words And the third time his Testimony was various but that I should speak such words and the like And words may be very like in Sound and differ in Sense as in the words of my charge here for there and that for this puts an end to the Controversie There were present at this Debate but eight Privy Counsellors in all two are not to be produced
the Cause and at last produced the overthrow of all their Priviledges they Locked the Door of the House kept the Key thereof in one of their own Pockets held him then Speaker by strong hands in the Chair till they had thundred out their Votes like dreadful Anathemaes against those that should Levy and what was an higher Rant those that should willingly submit to pay it When they check him for admitting the King's Message and move him to put it to the Vote whether their undutiful and ill-natured Declaration about Tunnage and Poundage and what they called Invasion should be carried to the King or no He craved their Pardon being Ordered expressely by his Majesty to leave the House when it was rather a Hubbub than a Parliament and by the noise they made at the close of each Factious Resolve you would take it to be a Moor-fâ—elds Tumult at a Wrestling rather than a Sober Counsel at a Debate when they kept in the Sergeant of the Mace locked the Door shut out the King's Messenger and made a general Out-cry against the Speaker who when the Parliament was Dissolved drew up such a Declaration as satisfied the People that the ground of this Disturbance was not in this or that States-man that they complained but in their own Burgesses who upon removal of those States-men as Duke of B. c. rather increased than abated their Disorders and such an account of the Seditious Party as vindicated the Honour of the King The Ring-leaders of the Sedition Protesting that they came into the House with as much zeal as any others to serve his Majesty yet finding his Majesty offended humbly desired to be the subjects rather of his Majesties mercy than of his power And the wiser sort of their own side censuring them as Tacitus doth Thraseas Paetus as having used a needless and therefore a foolish Liberty of their Tongues to no purpose Sibi Periculum nec aliis Libertatem When he had done so much to assist the Government in Publick Counsels he was not wanting to it in his Private Affairs so obliging he was to the Countrey by an extraordinary Hospitality so serviceable to King and Countrey by his quick and expedite way in all the Commissions of the Peace c. he was intrusted with So happy and faithful in the management of the Queens Revenue so zealous for the promoting of any Design that advanced either the King's Honour or Service that with the unanimous Choice of King and Kingdom then agreeing in few things else he was preferred Lord Chief Justice of the Common-Pleas in place beneath in profit above the Chief Justice of the King's Bench by the same token that some out of design have quitted that to accept of this amongst whom was Sir Edward Mountague in the Reign of King Hen. 8. who being demanded of his Friends the reason of his self-degradation I am now saith he an old man and love the Kitchin above the Hall the warmest place best suiting my age His Writ so much the King confided in him running not Durante bene placito but Quam diu se bene gesserit and his Preferment owed to his Merit not his Purse being the Iudge to use King Iames's speech of Judge Nichols that would give no money because they onely buy justice that intend to sell it he would take none In that Place he had two seemingly inconsistent qualities a great deal of Patience to attend the opening of a Cause he would say He had the most wakening Evidence from the most dreaming speakers and a quick dispatch of it when opened Insomuch that some thought to see in his time in the Common-Pleas and other Courts where he sate what was seen in Sir Moore 's in the High-Court of Chancery That the Courts should rise because there were no more Causes to be tried in them He was very careful to declare the true grounds of the Law to the King and to dispense the exact Justice of it to the People He observed that those who made Laws not onely desperate but even opposite in terms to Maxims of Government were true friends neither to the Law nor Government Rules of State and Law in a well-ordered Common-wealth mutually supporting each other One Palevizine and Italian Gentleman and Kinsman to Scaliger had in one night all his hair changed from black to gray This Honourable Person immediately upon his Publick Imployment put on a publick Aspect such as he who saw him but once might think him to be all pride whilst they that saw him often knew him to have none So great a place must needs raise Envie but withal so great a spirit must needs overcome it Envie and Fame neither his friend neither his fear being compared by him to Scolds which are silenced onely with silence being out of breath by telling their own tales Seriously and studiously to confute Rumors is to confirm them and breed that suspition we would avoid intimating that reality in the story we would deny His supposed Crimes when Chief Iustice as now and upon my Lord Coventry's death when Lord Keeper hear how satisfactorily he answereth in a Speech he made after leave had to speak in the House of Commons in his own defence where indeed there is the account of his whole Life Mr. Speaker I Give you thanks for granting me admittance to your presence I come not to preserve my self and fortunes but your good Opinion of me For I profess I had rather beg my bread from door to door with Date obolum Ballisario your Favour than be never so high and honourable with your displeasure I came not hither to justifie my Words Actions or Opinions but to open my self freely and then to leave my self to the House What disadvantage it is for a man to speak in his own Cause you well know I had rather another should do it but since this House is not taken with words but with truth which I am best able to deliver I presume to do it my self I come not with a set Speech but with my heart to open my self freely and then to leave it to the House but do desire if any word fall from me that shall be misconstrued I may have leave to explain my self For my Religion I hope no man doubts it I being religiously Educated under Chadderton in Emanuel Colledge thirteen years I have been in Grayes-Inn thirteen years a Bencher and a diligent Hearer of Doctor Sibbs who if he were Living would Testifie that I had my chiefest incouragements from him and though I met with many oppositions from many in that house ill-affected in Religion yet I was always supported by him Five years I have been of the King's Counsel but no Actor Avisor or Inventor of any Project Two places I have been preferred unto Chief Justice and Lord Keeper not by any Suit or Merit of my own but by his Majesties free gift In the discharge of those places my hands have never
touched my eyes have never been blinded with any Reward I never byassed for friendship nor diverted for hatred for all that know me know I was not of a vindicative nature I do not know for what particulars or by what means you are drawn into an ill opinion of me since I had the honour to sit in that place you sit in Master Speaker in which I served you with all fidelity and candor Many witnesses there are of the good Offices I did you and resumed expressions of Thankfulness from this House for it for the last day I had share in it no man expressed more symbols of sorrow than I did After three days Adjournment the King desired me it might be Adjourned for a few days more whether was it then in his Majesty much less in me to Dissolve the House But the King sent for me to Whitehall and gave me a Message to the House and commanded me when I had delivered the Message forthwith to come to him and if a question was offered to be put he charged me upon my Allegiance I should put none I do not speak this as a thing I do now merit by but it is known to divers men and to some Gentlemen of this House All that I say is but to beseech you to consider what you would have done in this strait betwixt the King my Master and this Honourable House The Shipping business lieth heavy upon me I am far from justifying that my opinion if it be contrary to the Judgment of this House I submit I never knew of it at the first or ever advised any other I was made Chief Justice four days before the Writ went out for the Port I was sworn sixteen days after and the Writs Issued forth without my privity The King Commanded the then Chief Justice the now Chief Baron and my self to look on the Presidents and to certifie him our Opinions what we thought of it That if the whole Kingdom were in danger it was reasonable and fit to lay the Charge for the Defence of it upon the whole Kingdom and not upon the Port only And Commanded the then Chief Justice my self and the now Chief Baron to return him our Opinions Our Opinions were and we thought it agreeable to Law and Reason That if the whole were in danger the whole should contribute This was about Iune In Michaelmas following the King but by no Advice of mine Commanded me to go to all the Judges for their Opinions upon the Case and to Charge them upon their Allegiance to deliver their Opinions but this not as a binding opinion to themselves but that upon better consideration or reason they might alter but only for his Majesties satisfaction and that he must keep it to his own private use as I conceive the Judges are bound by their Oaths to do I protest I never used any promise or threats to any but did only leave it to the Law and so did his Majesty desire That no speech that way might move us to deliver any thing contrary to our Consciences There was no Judge that Subscribed needed sollicitations to it there were that Refused Hutton and Crook Crook made no doubt of this thing but of the introduction I am of opinion that when the whole Kingdom is in danger whereof the King is Iudge the danger is to born by the whole Kingdom When the King would have sent to Hutton for his Opinion the then Lord Keeper desired to let him alone and to leave him to himself That was all the ill office he did in that business February 26. upon command from his Majesty by the then Secretary of State the Judges did assemble in Sergeants-Inn where then that opinion was delivered and afterwards was inrolled in the Star-chamber and other Courts at which time I used the best arguments as I could where at that time Crook and Hutton differed in Opinion not of the thing but whether the King was sole Judge Fifteen months from the first they all Subscribed and it was Registred in the Star-chamber and other Courts The reason why Crook and Hutton Subscribed was because they were over-ruled by the greater number This was all I did till I came to my Argument in the Exchequer where I argued the Case I need not tell you what my Arguments were they are publick about the Town I delivered my self then as free as any that the King ought to Govern by the positive Laws of the kingdom and not alter but by consent of the Parliament and that if he made use of it as a Revenue or otherwise that this judgement could not hold him but never declared that money should be raised I heard you had some hard opinion of me about this secret business it was far from my business and occasions but in Mr. 〈…〉 absence I went to the Justice-seat when I came there I did both King and Commonwealth good service which I did with extream danger to my self and fortunes left it a thing as advantageous to the Commonwealth as any thing else I never went about to overthrow the Charter of the Forrest but held it a sacred thing and ought to be maintained both for the King and People Two Judges then were that held the King by the Common-law might make a Forrest where he would when I came to be Judge I declared my Opinion to the contrary that the King was restrained and had no power to make a Forrest but in his own Demesn lands I know that there is something laid upon me touching the Declaration that came out the last Parliament it is the King's affair and I am bound without his Licence not to disclose it but I hope I shall obtain leave of his Majesty and then I shall make it appear that in this thing I have not deserved your disfavours and will give good satisfaction in any thing I know that you are wise and that you will not strain things to the uttermost sence to hurt me God did not call David a man after his own heart because he had no failings but because his heart was right with God I conclude all this That if I must not live to serve you I desire I may dye in your good opinion and favour A Speech so franck and clear that it might have removed all suspition so pathetick that it might have melted cruelty into compassion so humbly and submissively managed that they could not but pity him who were resolved to destroy him weeping at the pronouncing of it and when it was over Hyena and Crocodile-like shedding tears and bloud in an instant that day Voting the Author a Traitor and without any regard to the honour of his place and trust the reverence of his years the strictness of his profession and life the many services he did that party of whom he was reckoned one and the many favours he received from them the extent of his charity and the exemplariness of his devotion employ their common Messengers to take
Bruerton by Will bequeathed to Sidney Colledge well nigh three thousand pounds but for haste or some other accident it was so imperfectly done that as Doctor Samuel VVard informed me it was invalid in the rigour of the Law Now Judge Bramston who married the Serjeant's Widdow gave himself much trouble gave himself indeed doing all things gratis for the speedy payment of the money to a farthing and the legal settling thereof on the Colledge according to the true intention of the dead He deserved to live in better times The delivering his judgement on the King's side in the case of Ship-money cost him much trouble and brought him much honour as who understood the consequence of that Maxime Salus populi suprema lex and that Ship-money was thought legal by the best Lawyers Voted down Arbitrarily by the worst Parliament they hearing no Council for it though the King heard all men willingly against it Yea that Parliament thought themselves not secure from it unless the King renounced his right to it by a new Act of his own Men have a touch-stone to try gold and gold is the touch-stone to try men Sir Noy's gratuity shewed that this Judges inclination was as much above corruption as his fortune and that he would not as well he needed not be base Equally intent was he upon the Interest of State and Maxims of Law as which mutually supported each other He would never have a witness interrupted or helped but have the patience to hear a naked though a tedious truth the best Gold lieth in the most Ore and the clearest truth in the most simple discourse When he put on his Robes he put off respects his private affections being swallowed up in the publick service This was the Judge whom Popularity could never flatter to any thing unsafe nor Favour oblige to any thing unjust Therefore he died in peace 1645 when all others were engaged in a War and shall have the reward of his integrity of the Judge of Judges at the great Assize of the World Having lived as well as read Iustinian 's Maxim to the Praetor of Laconia All things which appertain to the well-government of a State are ordered by the Constitution of Kings that give life and vigour to the Law Whereupon who so would walk wisely shall never fail if he propose them both for the rule of his actions For a King is the living Law of his Countrey Nothing troubled him so much as shall I call it the shame or the fear of the consequence of the unhappy Contest between His Excellent Majesty and his meaner Subjects in the foresaid case of Ship-money No enemy being contemptible enough to be despised since the most despicable command greater strength wisdom and interest than their own to the designs of malice or mischief A great man managed a quarrel with Archee the King's Fool but by endeavouring to explode him the Court rendred him at last so considerable by calling the enemies of that person who were not a few to his rescue as the fellow was not onely able to continue the dispute for divers years but received such encouragement from standers by the instrument of whose malice he was as he oft broke out into such reproaches as neither the Dignity of that excellent person's Calling nor the greatness of his Parts could in reason or manners admit But that the wise man discerned that all the Fool did was but a symptome of the strong and inveterate distemper raised long since in the hearts of his Countreymen against the great man's Person and Function This Reverend Judge who when Reader of the Temple carried away the title of the best Lawyer of his time in England and when made Serjeant with fifteen more of whom the Lord Keeper Williams said That he reckoned it one of the Honours of his time that he had passed Writs for the advancement of so many excellent persons Anno 29. Iac. Termino Michaelii had the character of The fairest pleader in England Westminster-Hall was much envied by the Faction upon the same ground that Scaevola was quarrelled with by Fimbria even because totum telum in se recipere he did not give malice a free scope and advantage against him who when the Writ for Ship-money grounded upon unquestionable Presidents and Records for levying Naval Aids by the King 's sole Authority were put in execution and Hambden and Say went to Law with the King the one for four pound two shillings the other for three pound five shilling The inconsiderable summes they were assessed at to the Aid aforesaid went no further than upon this Case put by the King Charles Rex WHen the good and safety of the kingdom in general is concerned and the whole kingdom in danger whether may not the King by Writ under the Great Seal of England Command all his Subjects in the kingdom at their Charge to provide and furnish such number of Ships with Men Victuals and Ammunition and for such time as he shall think fit for the defence and safeguard of the kingdom from such danger and peril and by Law compel the doing thereof in case of refusal or refractoriness and whether in such cases is not the King the sole Judge both of the danger and when and how the same is to be prevented and avoided To declare his opinion thus MAy it please your most Excellent Majesty we have according to your Majesties Command severally and every man by himself and all of us together taken into our serious consideration the Case and Questions Signed by your Majesty and inclosed in your Letter And we are of opinion That when the good and safety of the kingdom in general is concerned and the whole kingdom in danger your Majesty may by Writ under your Great Seal of England Command all the Subjects of this your kingdom at their Charge to provide and furnish such number of Ships with Men Victual Munition and for such time as your Majesty shall think fit for the defence and safeguard of the kingdom from such peril and danger and that by Law your Majesty may compel the doing thereof in case of refusal or refractoriness And we are also of opinion that in such case your Majesty is the sole Judge both of the danger and when and how the same is to be prevented and avoided Iohn Bramston Richard Hutton George Vernon Iohn Finch Willam Iones Robert Barkley Humphrey Davenport George Crook Francis Crauly Iohn Denham Thomas Trever Richard Weston And afterwards in the Lord Says Case Ter. Hil. Anno 14. Car. Regis in Banco regis with Iones and Berkley to declare That the foresaid Writ being allowed legal the judgment of the Judges upon it consisting of four branches First That the Writ was legal by the King's Prerogative or at leastwise by his Regal power Secondly That the Sheriff by himself without any Jury may make the Assessement Thirdly That the Inland Counties ought to do it at their own Charge and
to find Men and Victualls out of their Counties for the time in the Writ mentioned Fourthly That the sum Assessed was a Duty and ought to be Assessed and may be Levied ought to stand until it were reversed in Parliament and until then none ought to dispute against it And when the Parliament afterwards declared themselves Hil. Term Anno 16. C. R. in B. R. he was of opinion in Chambers his Case against Sir Edward Brumfield late Lord Mayor of London that the Court ought no longer to dispute of it And yet in Iuly 1641. there was a Charge brought against him for his Extra-judicial opinion for Levying of Ship-money to which he made such a Rejoynder as though for malice they could not acquit yet for shame they did not condemn him especially since there were but few injured as they pretended by that his opinion and the whole kingdom the better for his exact Justice which was so effectual that had he lived a few years longer there would have been not a Robber from one end of the kingdom to the other but such as took the High-way by authority Large were the Harangues made against him and his brethren But as Bees are sometimes drowned in their Honey so were their Logick in their Rhetorick the body of their proofs brings as poor and lean as the garnish of their words gaudy the stuff as mean as the dressing rich After the affront of an Arrest the trouble and disgrace of an Imprisonment and the charge of a Fine or at least a Gratuity they thought it enough to have terrified and so proceeded no farther to ruin this good man that was the honour and would have been if ill treated the disgrace of his Nation Eccius is much censured by Divines because he said in his Chrysopas that he intreated of Reprobation as a fit subject In quo Iuveniles Calores exerceret Young Lawyers were much blamed by our ancient Judge for chusing the deep and intricate points of Prerogative and Liberty to be the matter of their young and undigested Discourses who while they engage against the old Laws and Maximes of Government notwithstanding all their bustle and ratlings yet are discerned by impartial and judicious men like that Goth in Procopius who though he fought fiercely had the mortal Arrows sticking in his Helmet whereof he soon after fell He died as a Bishop of Oxford is said to do at a time when he had rather give an account of his Judges-place at the Tribunal of God than exercise it on a Bench awed by men Since he could not keep on the Robes of his Office with comfort he put off those of his Mortality with peace being ashamed to live as he would say when it was not safe to speak either law or reason and reckoning it seasonable to dye when all things perished by him and he had nothing left him to do honestly but to dye It 's Pity none undertook thy Worth to tell Thy Skill to know thy Valour to do well And what could Men do less when thou art gone Whose Tenents as they Manners were thine own In not the same times both the same not mixt With the Ages Torrent but still clear and six't As gentle Oyl upon the Stream doth glide Not mingling with them though it smooth the Tide Nor didst thou this affectedly as they Whom humor leads to know out of the way Thy Aim was publick in it they Lamp and Night Searched untrod Paths only to set us right Thou didst consult the Ancients and their Writ To guard the Truth not exercise thy Wit Taking but what they say not as some do To find out what they may be wrested to Nor Hope nor Faction bought thy Mind to side Conscience deposed all Parts and was sole guide We have not time to Rate thee thy Fate 's such We know we 've Lost our Sons will say how much THE Life and Death OF Mr. JOHN GREGORY IT is not the least argument that we are Immortal that we naturally desire to be so and that there is in every man implanted with his soul a generous ambition of Conveighing his being to a fair Eternity eithey by a successive Posterity as Noah or by a lasting Monument as Absalom or by an universal Fame as Cato or by Heroick undertakings as this Gentleman the Astonishment of his own Age and the Wonder of the next for a capacious Nature and a vast Industry An Industry that finding little advantage in his Parentage whose character amounts to no more than that they were mean and honest less in the place of his Birth Agmondsham in Buckinghamshire ennobled only with his single worth least of all in the time of it Novemb. 10. 1607. when learning was at its fatal heighth and the ordinary methods of it but a meaness when great souls must trace untrodden paths for Eminence and a Name In this Age he was very happy in Doctor Crooke the Rector of Agmondsham's Neighbourhood who respecting his Parents Piety and Poverty and observing his Hopefulness admitted him to his Family among those noble and excellent Personages then under his Care upon two whereof Sir William Drake and Sir Robert Crooke he waited to Christ-Church in Oxford where he was more happy in the excellent Doctor Morley since successively Dean of that place Lord Bishop of Worcester and Winchester his exact directions and impressive incouragements that quickly advanced his Studies above a Tutor's care and most of all in the Learned Exercises the Ingenious Converse the Exquisite Parts which in that renowned Colledge awaked his large Faculties to sixteen hours Study every day for many years together until his indefatigable way attained a learned elegance in English Latine and Greek an exact skill in Hebrew Syriack Chaldee Arabick Aethiopick c. an useful command of Saxon French Italian Spanish and Dutch a deep insight to Philosophy a curious faculty in Astronomy Geometry and Arithmetick a familiar acquaintance with the Jewish Rabbines the Ancient Fathers the Modern Criticks and Commentators a general History and Chronology and indeed an Universal Learning His smart Sermons whereof that of the Resurrection is a Specimen speak his Rhetorick his Translation of Io. Antiochenus his Melala Chronography his Latine his Notes upon the same Author his Greek his Akiâ—la or Discourse of Eastward Adoration his Church History his excellent Comment upon Doctor Ridleyes excellent book the first testimony of his pregnancy when but twenty six his Civil Historical Ritual Ecclesiastical and Oriental Learning his Observation on Pâ—olomy and Euclid with his King Henries Scheme and Discourse against Cardan of our Saviours Nativity his Ancient and Modern Astrology his Epochae his Globe his Seventy his Episcopus puerorum his Assyrian Monarchy his Chronology his Optick History Geography and Policy and his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with his other unusual observations on the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and hard places of Scripture wherein he mentioneth
must have low and humble Foundations When the Dutch Encroachments allowed our Merchants no more Trade than they tought for Master Berkley as willingly served the King to vindicate and recover Trade as he had done his Master to understand it What was extravagancy in the young Merchant becomes courage and resolution in the Sea-men and Souldiers war and publick affairs exercising that spirit that was too big for soft peace and private business He was content to go first a Volunteer to observe the Conduct and Discipline of others and after evident trials of his personal valour to set out as Captain to exercise his own though yet not taking notice so much that he was advanced by his Princes favour to be a Captain over his men as that he was in his Service a Fellow-souldier with them The Conqueror when he first Landed his Forces in this Nation burnt all his Ships that despair to return might make his men the more valiant Younger Brothers they are the words of an ingenious Author being cut off at home from all hopes are more zealous to purchase an honorable support abroad their small arteries with great spirits have wrought miracles and their resolution hath driven success before it When the Orator was asked What was that that made an Orator successful He answered Action What next Action What next again Action Wonderful like saith the Lord Verulam is the case of boldness in Sea-affairs What first Boldness What second and third Boldness Though he never tempted dangers yet he never avoided them witness the Streights Expedition wherein though expectation commonly out-doeth ordinary performances yet he out-did expectation its self resolving not to Yeild even when it was impossible to Overcome and when Stiffled rather than Mastered he might have had Quarter with more honor than his enemies could give it yet Antaeus like taking courage from his misfortunes his courage whetted with anger and revenge not only fills up the great breach made in the Ship by the loss of an excellent Commander but managed it too with such a present courage as not only out-faced danger but even commanded and disciplined it too scattering a new vigor upon his new Command here then on this on that side his examples quickning his authority so that his very Conqueror became his Prize when he had men enough left to master the Ship and yet not enough without some more assistance to Man it winning on the enemy even when he seemed to have lost himself Great was the value others put on the Prizes now and at other times taken by him greater the esteem he had of the actions themselves which at Court deserved a Knight-hood an Honor that by an over-value of themselves make some fearful of those services that gained them that value yet raised rather than abated his resolution as well remembring the custome which is used at the Creation of some Knights wherein the Kings Master-Cook cometh forth and presents his great Knife to the new made Knights admonishing them to be faithful and valiant otherwise he threatneth them that that very Knife is prepared to cut off their Spurs And in the Fleet gained a Vice-Admirals Command a power the greater it was the more careful he was not to abuse it managing his authority at Sea as if what Sea-Captains seldom do he should give an account of it at Land None so wary in Council none so bold in Execution Valour in acting doth well in him that is under the direction of others prudence in advising becomes him who is to guide the ones excellency lying in not seeing dangers the others in seeing them His goodness sweetned his greatness and the best mettal and blade is that which bends and his industry and patience set off his goodness pains having knit the joynts of his Soul and made them more solid and compacted and his piety both of them seeing so much of God in the deep he saw the proper reason of that common Proverb He that cannot pray let him go to Sea And understanding himself so well that he was none of those Sea-men who as if their hearts were made of those Rocks they Sail by are so always in death that they never think of it Most young men when advanced are transported with the Footboys fancy in Huartus that thought himself a Monarch and the Doctor in Acosta that apprehended himself King and Pope so apt is heighth to turn the brain This Gentleman was of the Nobleman in Laurentius his temper that though otherwise very sensible yet was perswaded that he was Glass so much affected was he with the consideration of his frailty and mortality In all his great actions you might spye in his looks that he had a Monitor like the Emperors Boy following him with a Memento te esse mortalem In this capacity he rides in the Fleet under the command of Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle when Iune 2. 1665. the Engagement between the Dutch and the English began wherein his place was ordered towards the Rear though his spirit made to the Front had Discipline endured it in reference to which he thought it greater service to submit to the command of Superiours than to be forward in the Engagement with his Enemies lest otherwise he might be served as the French Souldier was in Scotland about a hundred year ago who first mounted the Bulwark of a Fort besieged whereupon ensued the gaining of the Fort But Marshal de Thermes the French General first Knighted him and then hanged him within an hour after because he had done it without command The evil example out-weighed the good service The posture was so unhappy that he as well as Sir George Ascue his Admiral were parted from the Fleet first and afterwards from one another Castor and Pollux asunder betokened ill luck to the Sea-men and misfortunes following each other as waves do Sir William was divided from himself some of his Officers not thinking fit to obey what he thought fit to command and their performances were like to succeed when neither would follow and both could not handsomely go abreast In this condition he resolved his Valour should make amends for his misfortune and though he was unhappy he would not be unworthy too he had rather die ten times than once survive his Credit The sweetness of life being not able to make him swallow down the bitterness of disgrace He attempted a probability of success with a certainty of his own danger not without reason when the ignominy of a quarter from the Enemy he had to deal with was more intolerable than the pains of a death of which a Sea-man thinks that as it is far hotter under the Tropick in the coming to the Line than under the Line it self so the fear and fancy in preparing for death is more terrible than death it self Berkley against the whole Fleet himself a Navie yet carrying nothing about him impenetrable but his mind About six a clock he was shot
Oration used not one R Now the letter R is called the dogged and snarling letter This person could not indure a base and unworthy expression of the worst-deserving of all the adversaries because though it became them well to hear ill yet it did not become the other side to speak so it being below a good cause to be defended by evil speaking which might anger but not convince and discover the ill spirit of the party that managed the cause instead of keeping up the merit of the cause that was managed He was sad all his time but grew melancholy in the latter end of it conscience speaking than loudest when men are able to speak least and all sores paining most near night when he was not of Edward the II. mind who looked upon all those as enemies to his Person who reproved his Vices but of Henry V. who favoured those most when in years and a King that dealt most freely with him when young and a Prince A melancholy that was rather serious than sad rather consideration than a grief and his preparation for death rather than his disease leading to it wherein his losses were his greatest satisfaction and his sufferings his most considerable comfort Being infinitely pleased with two things King Charles the Martyrs rational and heroick management of his Cause and Sufferings and the Peoples being more in love with him and his cause since it miscarried than when it prevailedâ— an argument he thought that it was reason and not power something that convinced the conscience and not something that mens estates or persons that was both the ornament and the strength of the Kings side the reason he chearfully paid three thousand five hundred and forty pounds for his Allegiance as he had chearfully kept to it the only two instances of his life that pleased him If any body demand how he could suffer so much as he did at last and do as much as he did at first and how he could lay out so much to pious uses whom it had cost so dear to be a good subject The Spanish Proverb must satisfie him That which cometh from above let no man question Though indeed he was so innocent in that age that he could not be rich and of the same temper and equal fortune with Judge Cateline that Judge in Queen Elizabeths time that had a fancy full of prejudice against any man that writ his name with an alias and took exception against one on this very account saying That no honest man had a double name or came in with an alias And the party asked him as Cambden tells the story in his Remains What exception his Lordship could take against Iesus Christ alias Iesus of Nazareth A kinsman of whom having a cause in the Kings-bench where he had been Lord Cheif Justice was told by the then Lord Chief Justice That his kinsman was his predecessor in that Court and a great Lawyer And answered by the Gentleman thus My Lord he was a very honest man for he left a small estate There is one more of this name Sir George Berkley too who as it was his policy that in all discourses and debates he desired to speak last because he might have the advantage to sum up all the preceding discouses discover their failures and leave the impression of his own upon the Auditory So it shall be his place to be the last in this short mention in reference to whom remembring the old saying Praestat nulla quam pauca dicere de Carthagine Being not able to say much I will not say little of him this Gentlemans virtue forbidding a short and lame account of him as severely as Iohannes Passeravicius Morositis in Thuanus a good conceited Poet and strangely conceited man allowed not under the great curse that his Herse should be burdened with bad funeral verses Sir George Berkley of Benton in the County of Sommerset 450 l. 00 00 With 60 l. per annum setled Only it will not be amiss to insert an honorable Person in this place who though he appeared not with his Majesty so openly at first yet acted cordially and suffered patiently for him to the last I mean the Right Honorable GEORGE Lord BERKLEY Baron of Berkley Mowgray and Seagrave ONe of those honest persons that though ashamed of the Kings usage in London were sorry for the necessity of his removal out of it which left the City liable to the impostures and practices and his friends there obnoxious to the fallacies and violences of a Faction that had all along abused and now awed the Kings leige people that could not before by reason of their pretences discern what was right nor now by reason of their power own it This noble person did not think it adviseable to go from Westminster because his estate lay near the City yet he served the King there because his inclination especially when he was disabused was for Oxford He was of his Majesties opinion at the first Sitting of the Long Parliament that to comply with the Parliament in some reasonable and moderate demands was the way to prevent them from running into any immoderate and unreasonable The stream that is yielded to run smoothly if it be stopped it fometh and rageth but his honest nature being deceived in the confidence he had in others whom he measured by himself that is the advantage the cunning man hath over the honest pitied their unreasonableness rather than repented of his own charity and hope and ever after went along with them in accommodations for peace but by no means concurred in any preparations for war insomuch that when he despaired of reason from the Houses he was contented to deal with the particular Members of them being willing to hearken to Master Waller and some others Proposal about letting in the King to the City by an Army to be raised there according to the Commissions brought to Town by the Lady Aubigney when he could not open his way by the arguments used by him and others in the Convention Being a plain and honest man the factious papers and discourses took not with him they were so forced dark canting and wrested The Kings Declaration being embraced and as far as he durst published and communicated by him because clear rational and honest He might possibly sit so long at Westminster as to be suspected and blamed for adhering to the Rebellion but he was really with the Earls of Suffolk Lincoln Middlesex the Lords Willoughby Hunsdon and Maynard impeached at Westminster of High-treason in the name of the Commons of England for levying war against the King Parliament and Kingdom It may be thought a fault that he vouchsafed the Juncto his company when they debated any overtures of peace but it was his commendation that he retired when the Earl of Essex was Voted General the King the Bishops and Delinquents lands seized on the New Seal made the War prosecuted c. And appeared only to ballance
Nations Insomuch that though my Lord Goring would not admit Sir Iohn Suckling into the Secret Councils they held in the North because he was too free and open-hearted yet the King gave him a Command there because he was valiant and experienced He raised a Troop of Horse so richly accoutred that it stood him in 12000 l. bestowing the Horses Armes and Cloaths upon each person that was Listed under him which puts me in mind of the Duke of Burgundy's rich preparations against Swisse of which Expedition it was said The Enemy were not worth the Spurrs they wore And of his late Majesties report upon the bravery of his Northern Army That the Scots would sight stoutly if it were but for the English mens fine cloaths And of another passage at Oxford where the King in some discourse of the Earl of Holland and other Commanders in the first Expedition against the Scots was pleased to express himself to this purpose That the Army was not in earnest which made him chuse such Commanders in Chief But indeed it became him better to sit among a Club of Wits or a Company of Scholars than to appear in an Army for though he was active he was soft and sweet withal insomuch that Selden went away with the character of Deep and Learned Hillingworth was reckoned Rational and Solid Digby Reaching and Vigorous Sands and Townsend Smooth and Delicate Vaughan and Porter Pious and Extatical Ben. Iohnson Commanding and Full Carew Elaborate and Accurate Davenant High and Stately Toby Mathewes Reserved and Politick Walter Mountague Cohaerent and Strong Faulkland Grave Flowing and Steddy Hales Judicious and Severe but Sir Iohn Suckling had the strange happiness that another Great Man is eminent for to make whatsoever he did become him His Poems being Clean Sprightly and Natural his Discourses Full and Convincing his Plays Well-humored and Taking his Letters Fragrant and Sparkling only his Thoughts were not so loose as his Expression witness his excellent Discourse to my L. of Dorset about Religion that by the freedom of it He might as he writes to my Lord put the Lady into a cold sweat and make him be thought an Atheist yet he hath put wiser heads into a better temper and procured him the reputation of one that understood the Religion that he Professed among all persons except those that were rid by that fear of Socinianism so that they suspected every man that offered to give an account of his Religion by reason to have none at all nor his Life so Vain as his Thoughts though we must allow to his sanguine composition and young years dying at 28. some thing that the thoughts and discipline of time experience and severer years might have corrected and reduced Amo in juvene quod amputem But his immature death by a Feavor after a miscarriage in his Majesties service which he laid to heart may be a warning to young men of his quality and condition whose youth is vigorous pleasures fresh joynts nimble bodies healthful enjoyments great to look on his ghastly face his hollow eyes his mouldring body his noisom dust and to entertain but this one thought that what he was they are and what he is they shall be that they stand on his Grave as the Romans did on their Friends with these words Go we shall follow thee every one in his own order Rejoyce O young man in the days of thy youth but know that for all these things God will bring thee to judgment A Gallant would do well with the Noble Ioseph of Arimathea in their Gardens and among their pleasures He died Anno 164 ... leaving behind him these thoughts of those times to his dear friend Mr. Iermin since the Right Honorable Earl of St. Albans 1. That it is fit the King should do something extraordinary at this present is not only the opinion of the wise but their expectation 2. Majesty in an Eclips is like the Sun most looked upon 3. To lye still in times of danger is a calmness of mind not a magnanimity when to think well is only to dream well 4. The King should do before the People desire 5. The Kings friends have so much to do to consult their own safety that they cannot advise his the most able being most obnoxious and the rest give the King council by his desires and set the Sun or interest that cannot err by passions which may 6. The Kings interest is union with his People 7. The People are not to be satisfied by little Acts but by Royal Resolutions 9. There 's no dividing of a Faction by particular obligations when it is general for you no sooner take off one but they set up another to guide them 10. Commineus observes That it is fit Princes should make Acts of Grace peculiarly their own because they that have the art to please the people have commonly the power to raise them 11. The King must not only remove grievances by doing what is desired but even jealousies by doing something that is not expected for when a King doth more than his people look for he gives them reason to believe that he is not sorry for doing what they desired otherwise a jealous people may not think it safe enough only to limit the Kings power unless they overthrow it 12. The Queen would do well to joyn with the King not only to remove fears especially since she is generally believed to have a great interest in the Kings affection but to arrive beyond a private esteem and value to an universal honor and love 13. The conservation of the general should guide and command the particulars especially since the preferment of one suspected person is such a dash to all obliging acts 14. Q. Whether the Kings way to preserve his obnoxious friends is not to be right with his distempered people 15. Q. Whether the way to preserve power be not to part with it the people of England like wantons not knowing what to do with it have pulled with some Princes as Henry the Third King Iohn Edward the Second for that power which they have thrown into the hands of others as Q. Elizabeth 16. Q. Whether it be not dangerous to be insensible of what is without or too resolved from what is within And these Advises to his friends about him at that time when he best understood himself 1. Do not ill for Company or good only for Company 2. Shun jests in Holy things and words in jest which you must give an account of in earnest 3. Detract from none but your self and when you cannot speak well of a man say nothing 4. Measure life not by the hopes and injoyments of this world but by the preparation it makes for another looking forward what you shall be rather than backward what you have been 5. Be readier to give than to take applause and neither to give nor to take exceptions 6. It s as much more to forgive one injury than
hath this Character in all the Britannia's which escaped the Index Expurgatorius that for what reasons the Inquisitors knew best blotted these words out Verae Nobilitalis Ornamentis vir longe Honoratissimus and Iohn Lord Harrington Executor to the Lady Francis Sidney Daughter of Sir Henry Aunt of Sir Philip Sidney Relict of Thomas Ratcliffe the third Earl of Sussex and Foundress of Sidney-Sussex Colledge in Cambridge the third Master of that House 1609. and by his Patron and Predecessor Bishop Mountague Arch-Deacon of Taunton where so moderate and milde his Government that there was not in the first eight years of his Government a Negative voice in any affair of the House he taking care to beget a general understanding about any matter in debate in private before they sate upon it in publick tuning each string before they set to a Consort his Discipline so becoming and exemplary that Sir Francis Clerk of East-Soton in Bedfordshire coming privately to Cambridge to see unseen took notice of Dr. Wards daily Presence in the Hall with the Scholars Conformity in Caps and diligent performance of Exercises to so good purpose the careful observation of old Statutes is the best Loadstone to attract new Benefactors that he augmented all the Scholarships in the Foundation Erected a new fair and firm Range of Building and Founded four new Fellowships discovering by the way such skill in Architecture and Arithmetick that staying at home he did provide to a Brick what was necessary for the finishing of the aforesaid Building 5. Such his Reputation for deep skill in Divinity that he with the Reverend Dr. Davenant of Queens Dr. Carleton Bishop of Chichester Dr. Hall Dean of Worcester was sent from the Church of England by King Iames to the Synod at Dort to assist the Dutch Churches in the five Controversies of Predestination and Reprobation of the extent of Christs death of the power of mans free will both before and after his Conversion and of the Elects perseverance and to that purpose with Dr. Davenant sent for by that Learned and deep-sighted Prince to Royston October 8. 1618. where His Majesty vouchsafed his familiar Discourse with them for two hours together commanding them to sit down by him till he dismised them with this solemn Prayer which the good man would recollect with pleasure That God would bless their endeavours At that Synod besides the common Applause he had with his Brethren testified by the 10 l. a day allowed them there the entertainments given them at the Hague Amsterdam Rotterdam Vtrecht and Leiden by the 200 l. the Meddals and the Commendatory Letter sent with them at parting thence had they this peculiar Character that he was slow but sure recompensing in the exactness of his notion what he wanted in the quickness of it being but once contradicted and that at the first opening of that middle way he and his good Friend Davenant opened to them which surprized some in the Synod at first but reconciled the Synod to them and to its self at last the moderate that cut the hair in a Controversie like those that part a Fray meet with blows on both sides at first but embraced by those very arms that were lift upon them at last Bishop Carleton came home with this Commendation in the States publick Letter to King Iames. Dominus G. Landavensis Episcopus imago expressa virtutis Effigies Dr. Ward returned with these Testimonies from the most Eminent Scholars in those Parts Modestia ipsa quae plus celavit eruditionis quam alii habent Literarum Abyssus taciturnus profundus qui quot verba tot expressit e sulco pectoris or acula c. and among the rest in iis eam eruditionem pietatem pacis studium eumque zelum deprehendimus ut cum ipsius beneficii causa Majestatituae multum debeamus they are the States expressions to the King in their foresaid Letter of thanks Magna pars ipsius beneficii nobis videatur quod ipsi ad nos missi sunâ— with which testimonial Letters they came over and presented themselves to King Iames who seeing them out at a window when first entring the Court Here comes said he my good Mourners alluding to their black habit and the late death of Queen Anne When he was to perform any exercise as the part assigned him in the English Colledge which was generally to oppose because of his acuteness and variety of reading or to give his weekly account to the King as they all did by turns the expectation was great especially in one respect as King Iames would say that he would set down no idle or impertinent word 6. So good a man that he was Tutor as well as Master to the whole Colledge yea kept almost as big a Colledge by his goodness as he governed by his place more depending upon him there and abroad as a Benefactor than did as a Governor Being a great recommender as well as incourager of Worth he used to say that he knew nothing that Church and State suffered more by than the want of a due knowledg of those Worthy men that were peculiarly enabled and designed to serve both And as another Argument of his goodness he went alwayes along with the moderate in the censures of Preachers in the University practices in the Courts that were under his Jurisdiction And in Opinions in the Convocation whereof he was a Member much pleased with a modest soft way that might win the persons and smoother their errors being much pleased with his Friend Mr. Dods saying that men should use soft words and hard Arguments And this so much known to others though so little observed by him this meek and slow speeched Moses his face shining to all men but himself that it procured six or 7000 l. Improvement in his time to the Colledge besides the Building of that Chappel which he Dedicated by his own burial being the first that was buried there His Virgin body injoying a Virgin grave like that of the Lord wherein never man lay Sleeping there where the Franciscans had a dormitory The best Disputant having his Grave where the best Philosophers and School-Divines had their Beds and the modest man resting where that modest order slept who called themselves Minorites from Iacobs words Gen. 32. 10. Sum minor omnibus beneficiis suis. Yea his Adversaries themselves admiring him so far that he was named one of the Committee for Religion in the Ierusalem Chamber 1642. whither he came with hope that moderation and mutual compliance might finde expedients to prevent if not the shaking yet the overturning of Church and State so the wary Merchants throws somethings over-board to save the Ship which escapes not by struggling with the storm but by yielding to it And inserted one of their Assembly whither he came not being not called by the King one of the flowers of whose Crown it is to call Assemblies as appears by Bishop Andrews his Learned Sermon
of the Right of calling Assemblies on Numbers 10. 12. nor chosen by the Clergy and because there was a legal Convocation in being that superseded this Illegal Assembly wherein it was in vain for few Oxthodox men to appear being overvoted by their numerous Antagonists But since he could not serve the King and Church with his parts he did with his Interest chearfully sending the Colledge Plate to the King and zealously when the Committee of the Eastern Association was setled there protesting against any Contribution to the Parliament as against true Religion and a good Conscience for which he was Imprisoned Plundered and tormented and as high winds bring some men to sleep so these storms brought this good Doctor to rest whose dying words as if the cause of his Martyrdom had been Ingraven on his heart breathed up with his Divine Soul Now God bless the King though the worst word that came out of his mouth was to Cromwell That when they destroyed the Church Windows you might be better Imployed A Pupil of his compares him and Dr. Collings Professor to Peter and Iohn running to our Saviors Grave in which race Iohn came first as the youngest and swiftest and Peter entred into the Grave Dr. Collings had much the speed of him in quickness of parts the other pierceth the deeper into under-ground and deep points of Divinity neither was the Influence either of Loyalty or Sufferings confined to his own Person but was effectual upon all his Relations for we finde Richard Ward of London Gentleman Compounding for 0234 l. 00 00 And Henry Ward for 0105 l. 00 00 Besides Mr. Seth Ward the Ornament not only of his Family but of his Countrey expelled Sidney Colledge for his Loyalty tossed up and down for his Allegiance till his incomparable temper and carriage recommended him to the Family of my Lord Weinman at Thame-Parke in Oxfordshire his great skill in Mathematicks opened his way in those sad times to the Astronomy Professorship in Oxford they thought there would be no danger in his abstracted and unconcerned discourses of the Mathematicks his extraordinary worth commanded Respect and Incouragement from Worthy men of all perswasions excepting O. C. who told him when he stood for the Principality of Iesus Colledge in Oxford That he heard he was a deserving Person but withall a Malignant his great Ability especially for Discourse and Business commended him to the Deanery first and afterwards to the Bishoprick of Exeter no Imployment a Clergy-man ever was capable of being above his capacity who writes to the eternal honor of this Doctor his Unkle in the Preface to his Lectures set out with Bishop Brownrigg's his Overseers consent and Dr. Ward Mr. Hodges Mr. Mathewes and Mr. Gibsons pains thus Ille me puerum quandeconnem a Schola privata ubi me tune aegre habui ad Academiam vocavit ille me valetudinarium recreare solitus est omni modo refocillore ille mihi animum ad studia ad motis lenitur Calcáribus praemiisque ante oculos positis accendere solebat ille mihi Librorum usum suppeditavit ille me in Collegii Societatem quam primum Licebat cooplavit ille mihi Magister unicus erat Patronus Spes Ratio studiorum With whole words we will finish this poor account of him whose worth might be guessed by the method of his Study the exactness of his Diary the excellency of his Lectures Novit haec omnia Collegium Sidneianum cui plus quam 30 annorum spatio summa cum prudentiae Integritatis sanctitatis Laude praefuit novit atque admirata est Academia Cantabrigientis ubi Cathedram Professoram D. Margarete tot annos summo cum honore tenuit errorum malleus atque hâ—resum norunt Exteri testantur haec opera quae nunc Edimus ista certe ut non nescires tui meique interesse existam abam caetera norunt Et Tagu Ganges forsan Antipodes Here after these Noble and Loval Ushers comes in the King himself not the exact time he was beheaded on but yet the very minute he suffered for though Charles was Martyred 1648. the King was killed 1644. For it is not the last blow that fells the Oak besides that the lifting up of some hands in the Covenant now inforced was to strike at his life according to the most refined sense of that solemn snare declared by Sir Henry Vane who best understood it having been in Scotland at the contrivance of it at his death Iune 14. when he was most likely to speak sincerely what he understood His Person was in danger when they aimed at his Prerogative The Conclusion is to a discerning person wrapped up in the premises for I reckon his life was in danger when their was nothing left him but his life to lose The Life Reign and Death of the Glorious Martyr CHARLES I. of Blessed Memory I May Praeface this sad Solemnity as the Romans did their more joyful ones that were to be seen but once in an hundred years Come and see what none that is alive ever saw none that is alive is ever like to see again See a King and all Government falling at one stroke A Prince once wished that his People had but one Neck that he might cut them off at one blow here the People saw all Princes with one Neck which they cut at one attempt a stroke levelled not at one King but Monarchy not at one Royal Person but Government See England that boasted of the first Christian King Lucius the first Christian Emperour Constantine the first Protestant Prince Edw. 6. glorieth now in the first Martyr'd King Charles I. A Martyr to Religion and Government The Primitive Institutes of the first of which and the generally owned Principles of the second of which other Princes have maintained with their Subjects blood he with his own Others by Laws and Power kept up both these while they were able he with his Life when he was not able supporting that very Authority it self that supports other Princes throwing himself the great Sacrifice into the breach made upon Power to stop popular fury and choosing rather not to be himself in the World than to yield that that World by his consent should be Lawless or Prophane A Martyr who stood to the Peoples Liberty though with his own Captivity that held up their Rights with the loss of his own had a care of their Posterity with the ruine of his own Family that maintained the Law that secures their lives with his own that could suffer others to distress him but not to oppress his People that could yield to dye but not to betray his Subjects either as Christians or as Englishmen See the last Effort of Virtue Reason Discipline Order bearing up against that of Villany Disorder Licenciousness and things not to be named among men See a King that had deserved a Crown in all mens judgement had he not worn one that other Nations wished theirs
a good Cobler wherein he would strangely meet with all difficulties imaginable so that it was truly said of him That had he been Privy Counsellour to any other Prince he had been an Oracle carrying with H. 4. all his best Counsel on one Horse A King that was received out of Spain with infinite triumphs when our hopes and Prince and out of his wardship with more when our enjoyment and King March 25. 1625. none of the weaknesses of Youth attended with power and plenty having enervated his solid virtue and so the Kingdom promised its self what it enjoyed as long as he enjoyed himself all the benefits of a happy government His Marriage the first act of state in his Reign except his Fathers Funeral whereat he was a Close-mourner hallowing the ascent to his Throne with a pious act of grief unusual for Kings but such as he who preferred Piety before Grandeur was prudent and happy with the most excellent Lady who shared in the comforts only of his good fortune and in all of his bad Reverencing him not his greatness Henrietta Maria youngest Daughter to H. 4. of France whom he had seen by chance in his way to Spain and who hearing of his adventure thither was pleased to say That he might have had a Wife nearer home to whom he was married at Nostredame in Paris by Proxy and at Canterbury by himself never straying from her as he told his Daughter Elizabeth in his thoughts being chast in his discourse hating all obscenity that might offend the Ears much more in converse allowing no vanity that might blot the honour of any of his Subjects and by whom God blessed him and us with 9 Children viz. 1. Charles Iames born May 13. 1628. 2. Charles II. May 29. 1630. 3. Iames Duke of York 4 September 13. 1633. 4. Henry Duke of Glocester Iuly 8. 1639. 5. Mary Princess of Aurange November 4. 1631. 6. Elizabeth Ian 28. 1635. 7. Anne March 17. 1637. 8. Katherine 9. Henrietta Dutchesâ— of Anjou Iune 16. 1644. His first Parliament notwithstanding it was made up of soft Noble and troublesome Commons both made perverse and wanton by long peace and plenty and desire of change of factious demagogues whose humour men of boundless and ambitious hopes made use of he moderated with a clear account given of the whole administration of Government and a benign answer made to all their Petitions to a concession of a few subsidies towards the VVar with Spain which they set him upon and which notwithstanding the disasters of his Navy by storms going out too late and for want of pay coming home too soon undisciplin'd and wasted and the Plagues raging in London ended in an honourable Peace His Coronation frugal he reserving his Treasure for more necessary occasions than Pomp not out of his own inclination for his repair of Pauls his Navy and other instances demonstrate him magnificent but out of his fatherly regard to the condition he found his Kingdomes Treasures in drained by the Scots and not chearfully supplyed by the English without harsh conditions so unwilling were we when we knew not what to do with our Money to secure the whole of our Estates by allowing him a part and yet improved by him so farr as to serve the majesty of the Crown for 15. Years to support a VVar with two of the greatest Potentates in Europe to supply the King of Sweden and bear the charge of the first Scotch Expedition without any considerable contribution from the people They that made him first Necessitous in order to the making of him Odious decried him for covetous because he rewarded not men according to their boundless expectation but according to their exact merit being liberal not vain and loving to do good to the whole Kingdom rather than to particular persons as Steward of a publick treasure rather than a Lord of his own making his Virtue serve the necessities of the Realm which others Vices would not His second Parliament notwistanding the contracts between Buckingham and Bristol the bitterness of the Remonstrators of the Lower House against him and his Instruments of State yet he sweetened so farr he granting their Petition of Right they bestowing on him five Subsidies that their modesty and his goodness strived which should exceed each other A King Of so much honour that when his French Subjects abused his Queen he durst bravely yet liberally dismiss them though he might look for a War to follow which he valued not when by his Caresses he had melted and obliged the Queen to a contentment choosing a foreign war rather than houshold broyles 2. Of so much sence for Religion as to lay out when his estate was low and his debts high 400000l. upon the relief of the French Protestants in embassies of Peace and designs of VVar though both unsuccessfull the unhappiness of his Ministers not any fault of his 3. Of so much prudent goodness as to restore Delinquents such as A. B. Abbot Lord Say to favour to prefer Wentworth and Savile to advance Dr. Potter and other moderate men a course that if it did not oblige but encourage the faction finding such rewards for being troublesome it was because they had but one grievance really however they pretended many and that was Government it self 4. Of so peaceable and good a nature as to choose rather to settle peace at home and abroad by prudence rather than to finish war by violence this the way of bruits more fashionable in the eye of the world the other the way of men more satisfactory to his own breast 5. Of so much Justice that the greatest witnesse the Earl of Castlehaven was not secure if he offended the Laws of God or Man and of so much clemency that the worst witness Hammilton and the Lord Balmarino was safe if he did but offend him he thinking a Kingdom was so troublesome that no man would sin either to enjoy or keep it He subjected his L. Keeper C. and a L. Treasurer to Tryal for Bribery yet would he hardly admit that his enemies should be brought to tryal for Treasons he designed men no harm and he believed all good of them Men in his time feared Laws not Men. He would say Let me stand or fall by my own Counsel I will choose any misery rather than Sin His Acts were alwayes vouched by his Judges and Divines lawful before he would allow them expedient Nay the VVorld saw by his condescentions that he desired not a power to do harm but that as he proved once to a Lord of the Faction he thought that if he had no power to do ill sometimes he might not have power when he needed to do good and Subjects fears of mischief may destroy their hopes of benefit His Prerogative and his Peoples Liberty which made such a noise in the VVorld agreed well in his breast the last being as
in our hearts and so dispose us to a happy conclusion of these civil Wars that I may know better to obey God and Govern my People and they may learn better to obey both God and me nor do I desire any man should be further subject to me than all of us may be subject to God A Prince so merciful so loving to his people and so humble and patient that though severe sometimes to Offenders against the publick and to punish the bad is a mercy to the good yet to amazement tender towards Offenders against himself No Man dyed in his Reign that he could save being sparing of that very blood that others were prodigal of against him Always more ready to end the War by a harmless and rational treaty than by a bloody battle grieving when his pity or peaceableness could not save Offenders of whom he was as appeared by Warrants after several battles as careful as of his own friends alway remembring with tenderness that they were his Subjects even when he was forced to fight against them as Rebels of whom if he took them he took no other revenge than to engage them to be no more deluded and not to endeavour his murther as yet they did afterwards who saved their lives and if they must dye taking care by instructing them that they should goe thither where they should sin no more He reckoned himself never more in his Throne than when in the hearts of his people and when he heard the Parliament gave him Subsidies none dissenting he Wept for Ioy not for the Treasure he had but for the Mine he found his Peoples love He valued not three Kingdoms nor his own life when to be bought with Propositions that ruined his Kingdoms such as the Army brought him the day before he dyed At the reading of the first of which he threw them away and smelling their design to ruine his honour as well as his person said I will suffer a thousand deaths e're I will so prostitute my Honour or betray the Liberties of my People and no wonder if he would not redeem himself at the rate of a publick ruine when he would not do it with the injury of any single person for when the Noble Lady Newburgh proposed to him a way to escape when at her House he refused it saying If I should get away they would cut you in pieces a goodness extending to his very enemies of whom he said that the faction he thought could not forgive him and they are his own words not to make my self a better Christian than I am I think I should not so easily forgive them were they Kings but I tell thee Governour I can forgive them with as good an appetite as ever I eat my dinner after a hunting and that I 'll assure you was not a small one So humble he was Majesty being at the highest hath no other way to increase but to condescend that inviting persons to discourse with himself not with Majesty he would always begin a discourse with a By your favour Sir and when in the Isle of wight recommended a poor old man to Sir Philip Warwick who had much of his trust and affection and told him he was a very honest fellow and had been his best companion for two months together Not to mention his condescention to Dr. Hammond when he had lost his voice to teach him himself and his care of young Gentlemen that were to travel whom he would instruct among many other lessons with this Keep good company and be always doing being as much pleased with the accomplishments of his subjects as some poor spirited Tyrants are with the defects of theirs Besides these virtues that patience not usual to Kings whose power bears hardly the restraints of Equity much less those of Injuries that his Book and Meditations breath throughout which made him say when his Guard would have out a way to poor peoples detriment for him to avoid a showr that as God had given him affliction to exercise his patience so he had given him patience to bear his afflictions Patience that managed the cross humours of his friends and overcame the malice of his enemies breathing out with his Soul in Prayers for them and to make his mercy immortal in a charge to his Son to forgive them Virtues for which he was always admired even by Foreigners and at last applauded even by his enemies Mr. Vines saying that he was sorry he understood not the King sooner it being our unexpressible happiness that we have such a Prince and loss if we should part with him Foreigners apprehensions of him take in these words The King of Morocco's Letter to King Charles the First WHen these our Letters shall be so happy as to come to your Majesties sight I wish the spirit of the righteous God may so direct your mind that you may joyfully embrace the message I send presenting to you the means of exalting the Majesty of God and your own reward amongst men the legal power allotted to us make us common Servants to our Creator then of those people whom we govern So that observing the duties we owe to God we deliver blessings to the World in providing for the publick good of our States we magnifie the honour of God like the Celestial bodies which though they have much veneration yet serve only to the benefit of the World It is the excellency of our bodies to be instruments whereby happiness is delivered unto the Nations Pardon me Sir this is not to instruct for I know I speak to one of a more clear and quick sight than my self but I speak this because God hath been pleased to grant me a happy Victory over some of those rebellious Pyrates that have so long molested that peaceful Trade of Europe and have presented further occasion to root out the Generation of those who have been so pernicious to the good of our Nations I mean since it hath pleased God to be so auspicious to our beginnings in the conquest of Salla that we might joyn and proceed in hope of like success in the War against Tunis Algier and other places Dens and Receptacles for the humane Villanies of those who abhorr rule and government herein whilst we interrupt the corruption of maglinant spirits of the World we shall glorifie the great God and perform a duty that will shine as glorious as the Sun and Moon which all the Earth may see and reverence A work that shall ascend as sweet as the perfume of the most precious odours in the Nostrils of the Lord A work happy and gratefull to men A work whose memory shall be reverenced so long as there shall be any that delight to hear the actions of Heroick and magnanimous spirits that shall last as long as there be any remaining amongst men that love and honour the piety and vertue of noble minds This action I willingly present to you whose piety and vertues
I do so again Neither was he thus exceedingly religious as a man only but as a King Neither was Religion only his private Devotion but his publick Government wherein he aimed at 1. The peace of the Church wherein those parts and abilities that he saw lost in malice and dissentions might be very useful to the promoting of Religion and Godliness And 2. the honour maintenance and splendour of the Church For the first of which he consulted sufficiently in his favours to Arch-bishop Laud Bishop Neile Bishop Iuxon For the second by his endeavour to recover the Patrimony of the Church in England Ireland and Scotland where his religious intentions gave occasion to their rebellion who rather than they would part with their private sacrileges resolved on the publick ruine And for the third by his great charge in the repair of St. Pauls and other places To say nothing of his godly resolution to buy all Lands and Tythes alienated from the Church with his own Estate by such degrees as his other expences would give him leave the greatest testimonies of a design to make Religion as universal of his Empire next those from his own mouth First Before God The Kings Protestation at Christ-Church when he was to receive the Sacrament at the Bishop of Armaghs hands MY Lord I espy here many resolved Protestants who may declare to the World the resolution I now do make I have to the utmost of my power prepared my Soul to become a worthy receiver and so may I receive comfort by the blessed Sacrament as I do intend the establishment of the true Protestant Religion as it stood in its beauty in the happy daies of Queen Elizabeth without any connivance of Poperie I bless God that in the midst of these publick distractions I have still liberty to communicate and may this Sacrament be my damnation if my heart do not joyn with my lips in this protestation Secondly Before the VVorld The Kings Declaration to the Reformed Churches CHARLES By the special providence of Almighty God King of England Scotland France and Ireland Defender of the Faith To all those who profess the true Reformed Protestant Religion of what Nation condition and degree soever they be to whom this present Declaration shall come Greeting Whereas We are given to understand that many false rumours and scandalous Letters are spread up and down amongst the Reformed Churches in foreign parts by the politick or rather the pernicious industry of some ill affected persons that We have an inclination to recede from that Orthodox Religion which We were born baptized and bred in and which We have firmly professed and practised through the whole course of Our Life to this moment And that We intend to give way to the introduction and publick exercise of Popery again in Our Dominions Which conjecture or rather most detestable calumny being grounded upon no imaginable foundation hath raised these horrid Tumults and more than Barbarous Wars throughout these flourishing Islands under a pretext of a kind of Reformation which would not prove only incongruous but incompatible with the Fundamentall Laws and Government of this our Kingdom We desire that the whole Christian World should take notice and rest assured that we never entertained in our imagination the least thought to attempt such a thing or to depart a jot from that Holy Religion which when we received the Crown and Scepter of this Kingdome we took a most Solemn Sacramentall Oath to Profess and Protect Nor doth our most constant Practice and daily visible Presence in the Exercise of this sole Religion with so many asseverations in the head of our Armies and in the publick attestation of our Lords with the circumspection used in the education of our Royall Offspring besides divers other undeniable arguments only demonstrate this but also that happy Alliance of Marriage we Contracted between our eldest Daughter and the Illustrious Prince of Aurange most clearly confirmes the realty of Our intentions herein by which Nuptial engagement it appears further that Our endeavours are not only to make a bare profession thereof in Our own Dominions but to enlarge and coroborate it abroad as much as lyeth in Our power This most holy Religion with the Hierarchy and Liturgy thereof We solemnly protest that by the help of Almighty God We will endeavour to Our utmost power and last period of Our life to keep entire and immoveable and will be careful according to Our duty to Heaven and the tenour of the aforesaid most saCRed Oath at Our Coronation that all Our Ecclesiasticks in their several Stations and Incumbencies shall preach and practice the same Thirdly Before the Kingdom The Kings Declaration and Protestation before the whole Kingdom I Do promise in the presence of Almighty God and as I hope for his blessing and protection that I will to the utmost of my power defend and maintain the true Reformed and Protestant Religion established in the Church of England and by the grace of God in the same will live and dye I desire to govern by the known Laws of the Land and that the liberty and propriety of the Subject may be by them preserved with the same care as mine own just Rights And if it please God by his blessing upon this Army raised for my necessary defence to preserve me from this Rebellion I do solemnly and faithfully promise in the sight of God to maintain the just privilege and freedome of Parliament and to govern by the known Laws of the Land to my utmost power and particularly to observe inviolably the Laws consented unto by me this Parliament In the mean while if this time of War and the great necessity and straits I am now driven unto beget any violation of these I hope it shall be imputed by God and man to the Authors of this War and not to me who have so earnestly laboured for the peace of this Kingdom When I willingly fail in these particulars I will expect no aid or relief from any man or protection from Heaven But in this resolution I hope for the chearful assistance of all good men and am confident of Gods blessing Sept. 19. The Result of all which Holy Designs was these his own brave words viz. Though I am sensible enough of the danger that attends my Care of the Church yet I am resolved to defend it or make it my Tombestone A Prince of so much resolution and conduct that as he feared not a private man lodging Hamilton in his own Chamber all that time he was accused by Rey of Treason and saying to those that admired his confidence That Hamilton should know he as little feared his power as he distrusted his Loyalty and that he durst not notwithstanding the advantages of Night and solitariness attempt his life because he was resolved to sell it so dear It was his goodness that he desired not war and his fortune that he prospered not in it but his
his Victories He using this success to no other end than as earnestly to intreat them himself and all the Noblemen and Gentlemen in his Army as earnestly to accept of peace as if he had been conquered he should have begged it Willing he was to settle peace at home and yet scorned to accept of unhandsom terms from abroad All the world saw his Majesties inclination to a peace and the Rebels implacable resolution to go on with the war The Conspirators had need of their Brethren the Scots and the Scots upon the refusal of his Majesties Propositions were ashamed of them whence when they were not likely to be assisted from abroad they beg but upon hard conditions a peace at home Conditions that his Majesty would not yield to in his lowest condition though he would have done any thing but sin to obtain peace at the highest A peace that they must have yielded to had not they new-modelled their design and their army by a self-denying Ordinance cashiering all Officers that retained any degree of sobriety and a new model taking in all Sectaries to enlarge and make desperate their party Sad is the news the Rebels hear from all parts of England but very good that which his Majesty heard from Scotland where his friends increased as much as theirs decreased here such moderate men as Essex the Earl of Manchester and Denbigh laying down their Commissions when they saw such taking Commission as had laid down all thoughts of peace They were first entertained because a war could not be begun without the countenance of sober men but afterwards they were laid aside by the politick self-denial Ordinance because the war would be no longer continued by such In a word to such success had the conduct and magnanimity of his Majesty arrived that 1645. he writes to the Queen That he might without being too sanguine affirm that since the Rebellion his affairs were never in so hopeful a way Not to mention his great personal valour at Naseby a valour and conduct that deserved success though at last it wanted it the King having other virtues that were to be rendred glorious by sufferings as this had been by actions and therefore he was Betrayed not Overcome Sold and not Conquered And yet as his great Spirit at his best fortune endeavoured an honourable Peace so at his worse he would not admit of a dishonourable one for measuring his Propositions not by the event of affairs but by his own Conscience he stands to the same terms when Defeated as he did when Conqueror never betraying his Peoples Liberties to those Usurpers in hope of a Peace in the defence of which he thought fit to undertake a war I know not which is most magnanimous that he should with so much hazard venture his Person so resolutely and manage his cause against their Politicians and Divines so bravely or that he should with so much honour correspond with the Parliament in his own single Person answering the arguments of the one and the proud messages of the other and gaining that Conquest by his Pen that he could not by his Sword He is contented to discharge all his Garrisons and Armies and that excellent Association in the VVest formed by the Prince with the assistance of Sir Edward Hide c. being upon a design of overcoming his Enemies as he did Henderson c. and all that had the happiness to know him by his own Person and being likely to do more by a Peace than either others or indeed he himself could do by a war cutting those more than Gordian knots with the sharpness of his own single reason that could not be by the edge of all Englands Sword when the Scots after many debates with the English had not the courage to stand to their Promise Oath and Honour in keeping the Kings Person he owned a magnanimity whereby he kept Free even when delivered his own Conscience they could not be true to duty when tempted with 800000 â— nor he unworthy to his trust though tempted with three Kingdoms And now that King that with his bare presence had raised an Army in the beginning of the war that gave a Cheque to Rebellion four years now by his own Conduct when he had not one as they phrased it Evill Counsellor about him and gallant Sufferings he raised the City and all the Kingdom to reduce the Rebels to reason there being in his lowest condition 54000 Men and most of them such as had Engaged against him up in his defence in Scotland Wales Ireland and England and things were brought to that pass by his excellent managery that the very Army that overcamâ— him did not think themselves safe but under his Protection and therefore they ventured their Masters displeasure to gain the Kings Person each Party thinking its self more or less considerable as they wanted or injoyed him The Parliament as they call it Voting his Concessions Satisfactory on the one hand and the Army declaring their Propositions to the King unreasonable They that durst fight his Armies yet so farr Reverenced his Person that they did that to him in his lowest condition that is usually done to Princes in their highest and that is Flatter him the one saying that he had done enough and the other that he had done too much What a brave sight it was to see him able to manage his greatest misfortunes with Honour and his Enemies their greatest Victories with Confusions the Army against the Houses the Commons against the Lords yea one part against another the City for and against both the Common Souldiers by a new way of Agitation whereby they could spread and manage any treason sedition intelligence plot and design throughout the Army in a moment by two or three of the most active or desperate in a Company or Regiment And he all the while above all these enjoying the calm that sits in the Upper Region neither yielding to his Enemies nor his misfortues insomuch that when they were so barbarous as to let him want Linnen he said They had done so for two months but he would not afford them the pleasure of knowing that he wanted Yea and when some of them were too sawcy with him in private he could though their Prisoner civillize them with his look and Cane In a word the Kings fortitude appeared as eminent as his other vertures though ecclypsed as the Divine power is to some mens apprehensions by his mercy in that he could say to the last that he should never think himself weakned while he enjoyed the use of his reason and while God supplied with inward resolutions what he denied him in outward strength by which resolution he meant not a morosity to deny what is fit to be granted but a spirit not to grant what Religion and Justice denied I shall never think my self they are his own Royal expressions less than my self while I am able thus to preserve the integrity of my
Conscience A Prince thus excellent in himself and choice in his Council made up of persons eminent for their services for or against him for parts and abilities he equally valued in his enemies and in his friends and when he saw hopefull and accomplish'd persons lavishing their worth upon a faction and a private interest if they were not of desperate principles he would encourage them to lay it out upon the government and the publick good A Prince that never suffered a subject to goe sad from him never denied his people but what they have seen since that they could not saefly enjoy That Prince who besides the great examples he gave them and the great intercessions and services he did for them begun his Reign with the highest Act of Grace that he could or any King did in the World I mean the granting of the Petition of Right wherein he secured his Peoples estates from Taxes that are not given in Parliament and their Lives Liberties and Estates from all Proceedings not agreeable to Law A King that permitted his chief favourite and Counsellor the D. of Buckingham whose greatest fault was his Majesties favour to satisfie the Kingdom both in Parliament and Star-chamber in the way of a publick Process And gave up Mainwaring and Sibthorpe both as I take it his Chaplains to answer for themselves in Parliament saying He that will preach more than he can prove Let him suffer Yea and was contented to hold some part of his Revenue as Tunnage Poundage c. which was derived to him from his Ancestors by Inheritance by gift from the Parliament A Prince that pardoned and preferred all his Enemies that though accountable to none but God gave yet a just account of himself and treasures to the People saving them in two years from ordinary expences 347264 l. 15s 6d and gaining them by making London the bank for Spanish Dutch and Danish treasures 445981 l. 2s 3d. that dashed most of the Projects that were proposed to him for raising money and punished the Projectors that designed no worse things in Religion than Uniformity Peace Decency Order the rights and maintenance of the Church and the honour of Churchmen and in the State no more than the necessary defence of the Kingdom from dangers abroad and disorders at home which he maintained several years at his own charge that by destroying several of the Dutch Herring Busses and forcing the rest with all Dutch Merchants to trade only by permission in the Narrow Seas opened a brave trade to the English Nation A King that took so much pains to oblige his Loving Subjects going twice in person as far as Scotland though against the inclination of most of his Counsellours who looked upon the Scotch Faction as a sort of people that under the pretence of a specious way of plain speaking and dealing concealed the greatest animosities and reaches and twice with an Army rather to pacifie than overthrow the Rebels treating with them as a Father of his Country when in all probability he might have ruined them if he had proceeded against them 1639. and 1640. as a King and not in imitation of the Divine Majesty wrapped up the dreadful power he carried then with him in gracious condescentions of mercy A King that of 346. Libellers seditious Writers discovered Conspirators against his Crown Dignity and Authority in Church and State put none to death and punished but five throughout his whole Reign A King in whose Reign there were such good Canons made that Judge Crooke a Dissenter about Ship-money blessed God when he read them that he lived to see such Canons made for the Church A King that publickly declared That he was rosolved to put himself freely upon the love and affections of his subjects One of the two Propositions he made the Parliament 1640. being to desire them to propose their grievances wherein he promised them to concurr so heartily and clearly with them that all the VVorld might see That his intentions ever have been and are to make this a glorious and flourishing Kingdom And to shew his good inclination to Religion married his eldest Daughter to an ordinary Protestant Prince And to the welfare of the Kingdom he tyed himself to a Triennial Parliament allowing this Parliament to sit as long as they thought fit and for a time to order the Militia entreating them to set down what they thought necessary for him to grant or them to enjoy vacating for their sake the Courts of Star-Chamber and High-Commissions the VVards the Forrests the Court on the Marches of Wales and the North Monopolies Ship-money his haereditary right to Tunnage and Poundage the Bishops Votes in Parliament and doing so much for peace that one asking Mr. Hampden a leading Card amongst them VVhat they would have him do more was answered That renouncing all his Authority he should cast himself wholly on the Parliament Yea as if this had not been enough A King that suffered all his Ministers of State to clear their innocency before publick Judicatures in the face of the World and though accountable only to him for their actions yet ready to appeal to their very accusers themselves for their Integrity And yet not so willing to remit his friends to Justice as his Enemies to favour if either they had hearkned to the re-iterated Proclamations of Pardon sent to them during the War or acquiesced in the Amnesty offered to and accepted by them after it an Amnesty that they might have securely trusted to when he bestowed upon them not only their lives but likewise for some years all the power over the Militia of the Kingdom to make good that pardon by which they held their lives neither had they only the Sword in their hands to defend but all places of trust authority and Judicature to secure and inrich themselves the King allowing them for so long a time not only to enjoy all their own places but to dispose of all others adding this favour too that they who grudged him a power to raise money to supply his occasions should have what power they pleased to raise money to satisfie their own demands and when he had confirmed the pardon of the Kingdom in general he offered the renovation of all Charters and Corporation Privileges in particular denying nothing that their ambition or covetousness could desire or his Conscience grant being willing to be no King himself that his people might be happy Subjects and to accept of a titular Kingdom on condition they had a peaceable one In Religion its self wherein he denyed most because he had less poweâ— to grant those points being not his own Prerogatives but those of the King of Kings he grants his Adversaries Liberty of Conscience for themselves and their followers on condition he might have the same liberty to himself and his followers desiring no more than to enjoy that freedom as a Soveraign that they claimed as Subjects Any thing he yielded they should
take from his Clergy but what God gave them Concluding That he desired them to be subject to him no further than that he and they might be subject to God That a King that was and did so as he was and did should be first suspected and then opposed should be rendred ridiculous abroad and odious at home should easier perswade his foreign enemies to a Peace than his own subjects to contribute to a War and that of their own advising and perswading That such a King should first suffer in his prime Favourites and Ministers of State and then in his own Person That such a King should be forced to sell his Crown Lands to defend and serve them who would by no means yield any thing to maintain him yea questioned Sr. Iohn Wolstenhome Mr. Dawes and Mr. Caermarthen Farmers of the Custome-house for levying his ancient Revenue of Tonnage and Poundage unless he acknowledged that as their favour which to maintain Convoy and Trade he enjoyed as an haereditary Right That under such a King any should say as Cooke and Turner did That the People had better perish by a foreign War than by a domestique Oppresssion and it should be a capital offence to enjoy his favour That one sort of subjects should invade and other abbet and libel him That his ancient Kingdom of Scotland should throw themselves upon the French King and the Kingdom of England upon French Counsels and Designs That so good a Master should be betrayed by his Servants have his Pocket pick'd his Letters discovered as Hamilton did Montross's and the E. of H. did the design against the five Members That malapert Burgesses should bawl out Remonstrances and Citizens affronts against so great and so excellent a Majesty It was introllerable to frame Conventicles Associations and Conspiracies against his proceedings in Church and State but horrid to do so against his Person That when they had stood out many years against allowing him any Taxes without their consent they shall seize his Crown and Dignity without his that those whom he had raised from the people should adhere to the people against him and when they had corresponded with armies that are but tumults mustered in the North they should incourage tumults which are but indisciplined armies in the South that the one might drive him out of his Kingdom for fear and the other out of the Royal City for shame that the Scots should sight and he not dare to call them Rebels and his faithful Counsellors should assist him and he not dare to own them as friends That such a King should be abused to Parliaments by his servants and to his people by Parliaments should be first intreated out of his Magazines Castles and whole Militia and then fought against with them should be forced out of one Town and shut out of another should see his Queen threatned with Articles at one time and though she would not believe that being loath to think the English should do her any ill offices to whom she had done none but good afterwards impeached without any regard to Sex Virtues Birth Allies and Majesty circumstances that would have guarded her from the Barbarous for no other fault but for owning that obedience to her Lord and Husband which they had renounced to their Soveraign That such a Prince should see his whole Court Voted and dealt with as Traitors his Estate Sequestred for Delinquency his Clergy and Church which he was by oath obliged to defend and maintain in its due rights ruined for keeping the Fifth Commandement and Rom. 13. his Churches turned to Stables his Loyal Subjects Murthered Plundered Banished and he not able to help them his Laws and Edicts over-ruled by I know not what Orders and Ordinances his Seals and great Offices of State counterfeited all the costly ornaments of Religion ruined and defaced Learning that was his honor and his care trampled on by its and his old enemies the Ignorant These are things that the world could never believe till it felt them and will not believe when the impressions of them are worn off This wise and good King the same in all fortunes was he that must pardon his enemies but must except his friends out of pardon he that when all his Subjects had sworn Oaths of Allegiance to him must swear an oath devised by his Subjects called Covenant against himself He without whom no oath could he imposed upon the Subjects hath an oath imposed upon him by his Subjects and in that oath must swear that government in the Church Anti-christian which was the only Christian government for 1500 years And when Divines dispute that and other points probably the poor King and his people must swear them peremptorily He that saw an army raised for the King that is himself and Parliament against himself and the instruments of death levelled against his person in his name And heard the very people promise to make him a glorious King who murthered him He that a people complained to of grievances that would not indure the remedies that complained that he made and continued a war when they would not endure a peace and when they had voted his Concessions sufficient grounds to proceed on to the settlement of the kingdom and yet ruined it He that they declared against for raising a Guard at York Nottingham to secure himself c. when they raised at Army at London to Take Imprison and Murther him That must be author of all the bloud shed in the three Nations after all his Concessions Messages Declarations Treaties and Overtures a sea and mercy to 20000 Rebels to stanch it And when all the bloud that was spilt before his death was to rob him of his life and government as appears by the five times more bloud that was spilt after his death to make good that robbery and murther He that saw a war begun to remove his evil Council and ended in the taking off his Head and that was said to begin a war when his first was dated the very day his enemies army was mustered the Faction having ordered an army to take him before he thought of one to save himself This is that Prince that saw a people in the Name of God lay hands on his anointed Preachers of the Gospel of peace trumpet it for war Religion made an argument against obedience and the Holy Spirit urged against peace and love and the Text He that resisteth the King the Ordinance of God resisteth to his own damnation understood thus He that resisteth not shall be Sequestred and that Curse ye Meroz that came not to help the Lord against the Mighty thus Curse ye all English-men that help not the Rebellious against Gods Anointed And Fear God Honor the King into fear the Lord and kill the King and that where the word of a King there is power understood thus The King shall not have a Negative Voice A King that saw himself Engaged
Imprisoned and Impeached for the peoples sake in spight of the peoples teeth both those that were at first against him being undeceived and those that were always for him indeed the whole Nations of England and Scotland venturing their lives to rescue the King when he was imprisoned in their name accused for shedding their bloud when they were killed by their fellow Subjects because they desired to save his A King that saw a Parliament accuse him of Breach of Priviledges when he came but to demand five men suspected for holding Intelligence with a Forraign Nation and yet the same Parliament suffer tamely its own Army to pull out by the ears more than half of the best Members that remained there for promoting the peace of their and Vote it the Priviledge of the Subjects to make tumults from all parts of the kingdom about Westminster to fright King and Bishops from the Parliament and a Breach of their Priviledge for the same people in throngs there from as many parts of the kingdom to Petition the return of the one and the other He from whom they extorted so much liberty in pretence for the Subject had neither liberty for himself being confined to hard Prisons and harder Limitations and Propositions nor for the Subjects who had they injoyed their own freedom had never endured his captivity He that could not deny the kingdom a Free-Parliament consisting of above an hundred Lords Spiritual and Temporal and five hundred Commons lived to see that very Parliament Exclude all its Lords and Reduce the five hundred Commons to thirty who in the name of the people when there was not one in five thousand of them but would have ventured his life against it threaten his life whom they had sworn when they entred that House to defend prepare to judge him who called them there to consult with them talk as if they would put a period to his days who gave them their being little dreaming that while they aimed at his Royal Neck they cut off their own for what is a Parliament called to advise with the King if there be no King to advise with He must be tried in whose name all others are tried by that Law himself hath made by those people that had sworn protested and covenanted with hands lift up to the most high God in publick and pawned their souls and all that they had privately to restore him whose only fault was that he went from that Parliament that murdered him when he returned to them Riddles Cromwell Whaley Ireton c. and the Army weep and grieve but the Hiena weeps when it intends to devour at the hard conditions the Houses put upon him and the Houses are displeased with the Armies hard usage of him and yet both ruin him the one bringing him to the Block and holding him there by the Hair of the Head and the other cutting off his Head The Scots durst not trust the Cavaliers with him nor the Houses the Scots nor the Army a King at lowest advanceth that party where he is though a prisoner the Houses nor the Juncto all the Army nor N. the Juncto being never safe till he put his finger into the Royal Neck to see after execution whether the head were really severed from the body All the quarrel was that the Cavaliers kept the King from the Parliament and the meaning of it it seems was That they kept him from the Block A Prince they destroyed that they durst not despise all the Grandees in the Army not daring to own the least murtherous thoughts towards him publickly when they set Agitators i. e. two active Souldiers out of every Regiment in the Army now modelled into such desparate Sects and Villanies to consult about the horrid Fact in private and to draw a bloudy Paper as the Agreement of the people which was but a conspiracy of Traitors Cromwell assuring the King as he had a soul that he should be restored And his Son Ireton at the same time Drawing up a Remonstrance that he should dye The Army treat him like a Prince and that they might deceive his devout soul the more securely allow him the service of his Chaplains and the Liberty of his Conscience the greatest injoyments left him in this world with a design the more successfully to use him like a Traitor Ah brave Prince that none durst have abused had they owned what they design whom the Houses had saved had they not been Cajoled by the Army and the Army had it not been Cajoled by the Houses The King granted too much saith Sir H. V. to him at the Isle of Wight and too little saith the same man to the Houses and the King must dye when whatsoever they asked they meant his life If the Tears Prayers Petitions Treasures or Bloud of the Nation if the intercession of forraign Princes if the importunity of all the good Relations that these Regicides had whereof one pressed hard on O. C. himself though without effect whence ever after he disowned his Relation and Name if the endeavours of Loyal souls to do that justice upon the Traitors that durst judge their King as one Burghill on Bradshaw as soon as he heard he was to be President who if not betrayed by his friend Cook had died the Villains robes in his own bloud before he could have done it in the Kings If the great Overtures of the Earls of Lindsey and Southampton the Duke of Richmond and the Marquiss of Hertford to ransom their Soveraign all ways imaginable even with their own bloud Offering that as they his Servants did all that was done under him so he as King being capable of doing no wrong they might suffer all for him If the horror that seized all Princes of the world Turkish and Heathenish as well as Christian upon the news of it with the hatred and scandal thence arising to the English Nation if the dissent of the Lords and all other persons of any quality that went along with them till now and had never suffered this to have happened the King but that by the just hand of God as bad had happened them that very Army that they imployed to turn his Majesty out of his just Power pulled them out of their usurped one If the Declarations of their own Judges if the strong Prayers and Sermons that could raise Armies against his Majesty indeavouring to advance the like for him if the Rational Pathetick and Powerful Remonstrances from all parts of the kingdom if the pressing of their own Oaths the scandal of Religion the ruin of the Nation if any Laws or Presidents had been of force to have prevented this Crimen post homines natos inauditum it had been only a Theory in some male-content Jesuits melancholy Chamber of Meditation and not the subject of this Book But stay Reader and take that Treason in the retail of it that thou art amazed at in the gross See a King having treated at the
John Hutchinson Col. Robert Tichborne Col. Owen Roe Col. Robert Mainwaring Col. Robert Lilburn Col. Adrian Scroop Col. Algernoon Sidney Col. John Moor Col. Francis Lassells Col. Alexander Rigby Col. Edmund Harvey Col. John Venn Col. Anthony Staply Col. Thomas Horton Col. Thomas Hammond Col. George Fenwyck Col. George Fleetwood Col. John Temple Col. Thomas Wait Sir Henry Mildmay Sir Thomas Honywood Thomas Lord Grey Phillip Lord Lisle William Lord Mounson Sir John Danvers Sir Thomas Maleverer Sir John Bourchier Sir James Harrington Sir William Brereton Robert Wallop William Heveningham Esquires Isaac Pennington Thomas Atkins Aldermen Sir Peter Wentworth Thomas Trenchard Jo. Blackstone Gilbert Millington Esquires Sir William Constable Sir Arthur Hasilrigg Michael Livesey Richard Salway Humphrey Salway Cor. Holland Jo. Carey Esquires Sir William Armin John Jones Miles Corbet Francis Allen Thomas Lister Ben. Weston Peter Pelham Jo. Gurdon Esquires Francis Thorp Esq. Serjeant at Law Jo. Nutt Tho. Challoner Jo. Anlaby Richard Darley William Say John Aldred Jo. Nelthrop Esquires Sir William Roberts Henry Smith Edmund Wild John Challoner Josias Berneâ—s Dennis Bond Humphrey Edwards Greg. Clement Jo. Fry Tho. Wogan Esquires Sir Greg. Norton Jo. Bradshaw Esquire Serjeant at Law Jo. Dove Esquire John Fowke Thomas Scot Aldermen Will. Cawley Abraham Burrel Roger Gratwicke John Downes Esquires Robert Nichols Esquire Serjeant at Law Vincent Potter Esquire Sir Gilbert Pickering Jo. Weavers Jo. Lenthal Robert Reynolds Jo. Lisle Nich. Love Esquires Sir Edward Baynton Jo. Corbett Tho. Blunt Tho. Boone Aug. Garland Aug. Skenner Jo. Dixwel Simon Meyne Jo. Browne Jo. Lowry Esq. c. Neither were they only bold enough to Vote among themselves this horrid murther but likewise to try the pulse of the people they Proclaim it first at White-hall Gate and when they saw the people indured that afterwards upon Peters motion who said they did nothing if they did it not in the City at Temple-barr and the Exchange Indeed all was hushed and silent but with a dreadful silence made up of amazement and horror the very Traytors themselves not daring to own their new Treason perswaded the Nation that they would not do even what they were most busie about most people being of opinion that they might fright none thinking they durst against all the reason and religion in the world and the great and dreadful obligations of their own Oaths and Protestations murder Him Yet these aforesaid Assassinates meet in the Painted-chamber become now the Jesuits Chamber of Meditation to consult about the slaughter and being heated by one or two of their Demagogues that perswaded them that the Saints saying that there were 5000. as good Saints in the Army as any were in Heaven should Bind the Kings in Chains and the Nobles with Fetters of Iron beseeching them with bended knees and lift up eyes and hands in the peoples name who yet were ready to have stoned them not to let Benhadad go They dare but guarded strongly by a set of Executioners like themselves to Convene before them Ian. 19. 1648. Charles King of England c. hurried against the Publick Faith given him for his Honor and Safety first to Hurstcastlt to see whether he might be poisoned by the unwholesomness of that place and thence with several affronts not to be indured by any man much less a Prince to a place more unwholesom than Westminster and now to be deprived of his life as he had been before of his kingdoms Here the conspiracy might be seen in a body having lost most of its parts save a few villains that would needs take away the Kings life because they would not beg their own life being one of those courtesies we are unwillingly beholding for so hard it is for a man to trust another for his life who he knoweth is conscious that he deserveth not to injoy it contemptible and little A poor Pettifogger Bradshaw that had taken the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy but three Weeks before leading the Herd as President and the whole Plot in his draught Which after a traiterous Speech of Bradshaws opening their pretended authority and resolution to make inquisition for bloud and the Kings laying his Staffe thrice on brazen-faced Cooks back to hold the Libel was read by a Clerk The Traytors Charge of Treason against their Soveraign consisting of sixteen Traiterous Positions THat the said Charles Stuart being admitted King of England and therein trusted with a limited power to govern by and according to the Laws of the Land and not otherwise And by his Trust Oath and Office being obliged to use the power committed to him for the good and benefit of the people and for the preservation of their Rights and Liberties Yet nevertheless out of a wicked design to erect and uphold in himself and Unlimited and Tyrannical Power to Rule according to his Will and to overthrow the Rights and Liberties of the People yea to take away and make void the Foundations thereof and of all redress and remedy of Mis-government which by the Fundamental Constitutions of this Kingdom were reserved on the Peoples behalf in the Right and Power of frequent and successive Parliaments or National meetings in Counsel He the said Charles Stuart for accomplishment of such his designs and for the protecting of himself and his adherents in his and their wicked practises to the same end hath traiterously and maliciously levied war against the Parliament and People therein represented Particularly upon or about the thirtieth day of Iune in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred forty and two at Beverley in the County of York and upon or about the thirtieth day of Iuly in the year aforesaid in the County of the City of York and upon or about the twenty fourth day of August in the same year at the County of the Town of Nottingham when and where he set up his Standard of war and upon or about the twenty third day of October in the same year at Edge-hill and Keinton field in the County of Warwick and upon or about the thirtieth day of November in the same year at Brainford in the County of Middlesex and upon or about the thirtieth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred forty and three at Cavesham-bridge near Reading in the County of Berks and upon or about the thirtieth day of October in the year last mentioned at or near the City of Gloucester and upon or about the thirtieth day of November in the year last mentioned at Newbury in the County of Berks and upon or about the one and thirtieth day of Iuly in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred forty and four at Cropredy-bridge in the County of Oxon and upon or about the thirtieth day of September in the year last mentioned at Bodmin and other places adjacent in the County of Cornwall and upon or about the thirtieth day of November in the year
last mentioned at Newbury aforesaid and upon or about the eight of Iune in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred forty and five at the Town of Leicester and also upon the fourteenth day of the same month in the same year at Naseby-field in the County of Northampton At which several times and places or most of them and at many other places in this Land at several other times within the years afore-mentioned And in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred forty and six He the said Charles Stuart hath caused and procured many thousands of the Free-people of the Nation to be slain and by Divisions Parties and Insurrections within this Land by Invasions from Forraign Parts endeavoured and procured by him and by many other evil ways and means He the said Charles Stuart hath not only maintained and carried on the said war both by Land and Sea during the years before-mentioned but also hath renewed or caused to be renewed the said war against the Parliament and good People of this Nation in this present year one thousand six hundred forty and eight in the Counties of Kent Essex Surrey Sussex Middlesex and many other Counties and Places in England and Wales and also by Sea And particularly He the said Charles Stuart hath for that purpose given Commission to his Son the Prince and others whereby besides multitudes of other persons many such as were by the Parliament intrusted and imployed for the safety of the Nation being by Him or his Agents corrupted to the betraying of their Trust and revolting from the Parliament have had Entertainment and Commission for the continuing and renewing War and Hostility against the said Parliament and People as aforesaid By which cruel and unnatural wars by Him the said Charles Stuart Levyed Continued and Renewed as aforesaid much innocent bloud of the Free-people of this Nation hath been spilt Families undone the Publick Treasury wasted and exhausted Trade obstructed and miserably decayed vast expence and damage to the Nation incurred and many parts of the Land spoiled some of them even to desolation And for further prosecution of evil Designs He the said Charles Stuart doth still continue his Commissions to the said Prince and other Rebels and Revolters both English and Forrainers and to the Earl of Ormond and to the Irish Rebels and Revolters associated with him from whom further invasions upon this Land are threatned upon the procurement and on the behalf of the said Charles Stuart All which wicked Designs Wars and evil Practises of Him the said Charles Stuart have been and are carried on for the advancing and upholding of the Personal Interest of Will and Power and pretended Prerogative to Himself and his Family against the Publick Interest common Right Liberty Justice and Peace of the People of this Nation by and for whom he was intrusted as aforesaid By all which it appeareth that He the said Charles Stuart hath been and is the Occasioner Author and Contriver of the said Unnatural Cruel and Bloudy Wars and therein guilty of all the Treasons Murders Rapines Burnings Spoils Desolations Dammage and Mischiefs to this Nation acted and committed in the said wars or occasioned thereby And the said Iohn Cook by protestation saving on the behalf of the People of England the liberty of Exhibiting at any time hereafter any other Charge against the said Charles Stuart and also of replying to the Answers which the said Charles Stuart shall make to the Premises or any of them or any other Charge that shall be so exhibited doth for the said Treasons and Crimes on behalf of the said People of England Impeach the said Charles Stuart as a Tyrant Traytor Murtherer and a Publick and Implacable Enemy to the Commonwealth of England And pray that the said Charles Stuart King of England may be put to answer all and every the Premises That such Proceedings Examinations Tryals Sentence and Judgment may be hereupon had as shall be agreeable to Justice A Charge ridiculous in the matter of it laying that war to the Kings charge for which they should have been hanged themselves accusing him for breaking the Priviledges of Parliaments when they had the other day dissolved the very Being of them and pretending the common good when two or three years discovered the whole Plot was nothing but private Interest these very Miscreants being turned to grass by one of their own self-deniers for a self-seeking Combination Contemptible in the framers of it the one a Runnagate Dutch-man Dorislaus who being preferred by the King History Professor at Cambridge read Treason in his first Lecture against his Patron and now commits it The other a poor and desperate Sollicitor Cook said to have two Wives to live with and twenty ways though none either honest or successful to live by And worse in the witnesses of it the scum of Mankind two or three raked out of Prisons and Goals not a man of reputation or worth two pence in the three kingdoms notwithstanding a Proclamation to invite all persons to witness against the King appearing to promote so horrid a fact and these hired men of Belial with the hope of a morsel of bread The King was always of an even temper but never more than in this case retaining a Majesty becoming himself in his misery and looking as if he were as he ought to be indeed the Judge and they as they were indeed the Malefactors Smiling as he might well as far as the publick calamities gave him leave at the horrid names Murderer Traytor c. of the worst Subjects given to the best King Upon the Picture of his Majesties sitting in his Chair before the High Court of Iustice. NOt so Majestick in thy Chair of State On that but Men here God and Angels wait Expecting whether hopes of Life or fear Of Death can move Thee from Thy Kingly Sphere Constant and Fixt whom no black storm can soyl Thy Colours Head and Soul are all in Oyl And the Lady Fairfax saying aloud in the face of the Pretended Court That where as they took upon them to Iudge his Majesty in the Name of the People of England that it was a Lye the tenth she might have said the thousandth part of the People being so far from allowing that horrid villany that they would dye willingly to prevent it The Charge being Read his most Excellent Majesty looking upon it as below him to interrupt the impudent Libel and vie Tongue with the Billings-gate Court with a Calmness Prudence and Resolution peculiar to his Royal breast asked the Assassinates By what authority they brought a King their most Rightful soveraign against the Publick Faith so lately given him at a Treaty between him and his two Houses By what lawful Authority said he again more Emphatially For I am not ignorant continued he that there are on foot every where very many unlawful Powers as of Thieves and Robbers on the High-way Adding That whatsoever
offer to both adding that we should think long before we resolve of great matters and an hasty Judgment may bring on that trouble and perpetual inconvenience to the kingdom that the Child unborn may repent of adjuring them as they would answer it at the dreadful day of Judgment to hear what he had to say The Club of Assassinates proceed to this horrid Sentence Whereas the Commons of England in Parliament have appointed them an High Court of Iustice for the Trying of Chales Stuart King of England before whom he had been three times Convented and at first time a Charge of High Treason and other Crimes and Misdemeanors was read in the behalf of the kingdom of England c. Here the Clerk Read the Charge Which Charge being Read unto him as aforesaid He the said Charles Stuart was required to give his Answer but he refused so to do and so exprest the several passages at his Tryal in refusing to Answer For all which Treasons and Crimes this Court doth adjudge that the said Charles Stuart as a Tyrant Traytor Murtherer and a Publick Enemy shall be put to death by the Severing his Head from his Body To which horrid Sentence the whole Pack stood up by agreement among themselves before made and though they agreed in nothing else either before or since unanimously Voted the bloudy words words of so loud a guilt that they drowned all the earnest Proposals of Reason and Religion offered by a Prince that was a great master of both reason being a more dreadful Sentence against than that they pronounced against him and then used the sameforce to hurry the King away that they had imployed to bring him thither answering his Allegations with that violence wherewith they composed and made good their own The King always great was now greater in the eye of the world for the great Reason he offered the honorable Conduct 〈◊〉 managed and the freedom of Speech he used much beyond other times the captivity of his Person contributing much to the liberty of his Discourse All the great throng that pittied but could not help afflicted Majesty with whom they saw themselves drawn to the slaughter groaned upon the Sentence but with the peril of their lives It being as fatal then for any persons to own respect or kindness to Majesty as it was for the King to carry it and as dangerous for others to be good Subjects as for him to be a good King They that were to force him out of his Life forced others out of their Loyalty endeavouring fondly to depose him from his Subjects hearts as they had done from his Throne Several persons having since deposed that to set off their ridiculous Scene they had those who were appointed to force poor creatures to cry Iustice Iustice who as the excellent Prince observed would have done as much for money for their own Commanders a word one of them in Command then said since he cried because if it had been heard the Traytors had been at the Bar and the Judges of the Land at the Bench and deterr others from saying God save the King Notwithstanding which force this last voice was the most hearty and the other most forced Observable it is that to make his Majesty parallel with his great Pattern whom he represented equally in his Sufferings and in his Goodness and Power a wretch that was within a little while executed by his own Partner Spit in his Face whereat his Majesty not moved only wiped the Spittle and said My Saviour suffered much more for me The Excellent Prince while the Traytors before him were as much slaves to their base Malice Envy Fear Ambition and Cruelty as the poor People were to them exercising as ample a Dominion over himself now as he had heretofore over three kingdoms looking not as if he were before the Miscreants but they before him and he to give as he did and not receive a Doom I cannot forget how an Ancient Father saith That some creatures would not suffer God to be a God unless he please them These are the Creatures that would not endure Gods Vice-gerent should be so unless he served them Thus having formerly forgotten the Oaths of God that were upon them laid aside the Allegiance which they owed gone against the sense of the Law of the Clergy the Nobility the Gentry and most of the sober people of the Nation Besides above half of both Houses before they could fight the King But infinite were the obstructions they were to break through so carefully hath God guarded Kings before they could murther Him they must suppress the unanimous desires of the whole Nation expressed in the looks wishes and prayers of all men and the declared sense of several Countries in their respective Petitions which many thousands delivered in London with the hazard of their Lives and maintained in North-wales under Sir Iohn Owen in South-wales under Laughorne and Poyer in the Navy under the Prince in Kent Essex and Surrey under several of the Nobility and Gentry of those and the adjacent Counties they must steal the King that won ground from his Adversaries by his carriage as much as they had done upon him by their Arts and power reducing to an entire obedience to his Government all that conversed with his Excellent Person from those men that were now as ready to engage for him as ever they did against him as they did at Holdenby when it was said so considerable is a suffering King his very miseries being more powerful than his Armies by the Faction that now they had the King in their power they had the Parliament in their Pockets they must renounce those promises they made upon their Souls and as they and their Posterity should prosper that pittying the barbarous usage of His Majesty they were resolved never to part with their Arms till they had made his way to the Throne and rendred the condition of his party the more tolerable Promises that to enâ—nare the charitable Prince that suspected not that falshood in others that he found not in himself they gilded with the like specious but entrapping kindnesses as the permission of what they knew was as dear as his Life to the pious King the Ministry of his Chaplains Commerce by Letters with his Queen the Visits of his Party the service of his Courtiers some whom they also admitted to their Council of War to mould Propositions which they will urge in his behalf and alter them to the Kings gust and at his advice the intermingling with their Remonstrances such good words as these That the Queen and the Royal Family must be restored to all their Rights or else no hope of a solid Peace They must sacrifice Eleven of the most Worthy Members in the House of Commons and seven Noble Lords to the lusts and cavils of mercenary Soldiers that would not hearken formerly to the delivering of half so many to answer the Articles of their
Subject of England call life or any thing he possesseth his own if power without right daily make new and abrogate the old fundamental Law of the Land which I now take to be the present case Wherefore when I came hither I expected that you would have endeavoured to have satisfied me concerning these grounds which hinder me to answer to your pretended Impeachment but since I see nothing I can say will move you to it though Negatives are not so naturally proved as Affirmatives yet I will shew you the reason why I am confident you cannot judge me nor indeed the meanest man in England For I will not like you without shewing a reason seek to impose a belief upon my Subjects There is no proceeding just against any man but what is warranted either by Gods Laws or the Municipal Laws of the Country where he lives Now I am most confident that this days proceedings cannot be warranted by Gods Laws for on the contrary the authority of the obedience unto Kings is clearly warranted and strictly commanded both in the Old and New Testament which if denied I am ready instantly to prove And for the question now in hand there it is said That where the word of a King is there is power and who may say unto him what dost thou Eccles. 8. 4. Then for the Laws of this Land I am no less confident that no learned Lawyer will affirm that an Impeachment can lye against the King they all going in his Name and one of their Maxims is That the King can do no wrong Besides the Law upon which you ground your proceedings must either be old or new if old shew it if new tell what authority warranted by the Fundamental Laws of the Land hath made it and when But how the House of Commons can erect a Court of Judicature which was never one it self as is well known to all Lawyers I leave to God and the World to judge And were full as strange that they should pretend to make Laws without King or Lords House to any that have heard speak of the Laws of England And admitting but not granting that the People of Englands Commission could grant your pretended power I see nothing you can shew for that for certainly you never asked the question of the tenth man of the kingdom and in this way you manifestly wrong even the poorest Plough-man if you demand not his free consent nor can you pretend any colour for this your pretended Commission without the consent at the least of the major part of every man in England of whatsoever quality or condition which I am sure you never went about to seek so far are you from having it Thus you see that I speak not for my own Right alone as I am your King but also for the true Liberty of all my Subjects which consists not in the sharing the power of Government but in living under such Laws Such a Government as may give themselves the best assurance of your lives and propriety of their goods Nor in this must or do I forget the Priviledges of both Houses of Parliament which this days proceedings doth not only violate but likewise occasion the greatest breach of their Publick Faith that I believe ever was heard of with which I am far from charging the two Houses For all the pretended crimes laid against me bear date long before the late Treaty at Newport in which I having concluded as much as in me lay and hopefully expecting the two Houses agreement thereunto I was suddenly surprized and hurried from thence as a Prisoner upon which account I am against my will brought hither where since I am come I cannot but to my power defend the Ancient Laws and Liberties of this Kingdom together with my own just Right Then for any thing I can see the Higher House is totally excluded And for the House of Commons it is too well known that the major part of them are detained or deterred from Sitting so as if I had no other this were sufficient for me to protest against the lawfulness of your pretended Court. Besides all this the peace of the kingdom is not the least in my thoughts and what hopes of settlement is there so long as power reigns without rule of Law Changing the whole frame of that Government under which this kingdom hath flourished for many hundred years nor will I say what will fall out in case this lawless unjust proceeding against me do go on And believe it the Commons of England will not thank you for this change for they will remember how happy they have been of late years under the Reign of Queen Elizabeth the King my Father and my self until the beginning of these unhappy troubles and will have cause to doubt that they shall never be so happy under any new And by this time it will be sensibly evident that the Armes I took up were only to defend the Fundamental Laws of this kingdom against those who have supposed my power hath totally changed the ancient Government Thus having shewed you briefly the Reasons why I cannot submit to your pretended Authority without violating the trust which I have from God for the welfare and liberty of my people I expect from you either clear reasons to convince my judgment shewing me that I am in an error and then truly I will readily answer or that you will withdraw your proceedings With what composedness of Spirit and patience he heard the pretended Charge and all its Slanders and Reproaches smiling at the words Tyrant Traytor c. with what Authority he demanded by what lawful Power grounded on Gods Word or warranted by the Constitutions of the Kingdom they proceeded with what earnestness he admonished them both what Guilt and what Judgments they would bring upon this Land by proceeding from one sin to another against their lawful Sovereign With what resolution he told them He would not betray the Trust reposed in him for his own Prerogative his Peoples Liberty and the Priviledges of Parliament as long as there was breath in his body until they could satisfie God and the Countrey Adding that there was a God in heaven that would call them to an account And that it was utterly as unlawful to submit to a new and unlawful Authority as to resist a lawful one Neither his apprehension nor theirs being likely to end the Controversie How zealously he told them That if the free People of England now secure of nothing when all things were subject to an Arbitrary Power were not concerned as well as himself he would have satisfied himself with one Protestation against any Jurisdiction on earth trying a Supream Magistrate but in a case of so extensive a Concernment it was unreasonable to impose upon men bold Assertions without evident Reasons it being not enough to say The Court assert their own Jurisdiction and you must not be permitted to offer any thing against it it s not
scandalous Papers of him when dead which I hope the authors have lived to repent of Indignities the bare narrative whereof is a Satyre against our age and Nation and therefore I attempt not the just expression of it my very apprehension over laying my words and indeed this black action receives no colours You shall hear his Faults 1. Adorning the Chappels and Churches that he had to do with with Pictures for decency and instruction the use Calvin himself as he alledged him Inst. 1. 11. § 12. allowed them for in these words Neque tamen ea superstitione teneor ut nullus prosus imagines serendas censeam c. Though they charged him with many ornaments of Chappels that he found there done by others and urged that he took them out of the Mass-book when he never knew they were there 2. Removing and Railing the Communion-table Altar-wise North and South against the Wall and furnishing his Lambeths Chappel according to Queen Elizabeths Injunction the pattern of the Kings Chappel and the practice of the Lutheran Churches 3. The setting up of a Side-table called Credentia according to the way in Bishop Andrews his Chappel bowing toward the Communion-table according to the ancient practices in Queen Elizabeths and King Iames his reign and using Copes according to the twenty fourth Canon of the Church 1603. 4. The ancient custom of Standing at Gloria Patri Bowing at the Name of Jesus according to the eighteenth Canon of our Church and twelfth Injunction of Queen Elizabeth Organs and Consecration of Churches Communion-Tables according to Bishop Andrews form 5. Receiving a Bible with a Crucifix Embroidred on the cover of it from a Lady 6. A Book of Popish pictures two Missals Pontificals and Breviaries which he made use of as a Scholar 7. His Admirable Book of Devotion digested according to the ancient way of Canonical Hours after holy Davids example Psal. 119. 164. and the practise of the Primitive times and his humble Prostration in them mentioned 8. Three Pictures in his Gallery one sent him the other two there since Arch-bishop Whitgifts time of Saint Augustine Saint Ambrose c. allowed by the Harmony of Protestant Confession in the lawful use of them and written against severely by himself in the unlawful use of them 9. His Reverent Posture at White-hall Chappel which all the Lords used and the Knights of the Garter were bound to use Bishop Wren's adorning the Altar with a Crucifix which was nothing to him more than some peoples bowing that way which they urged against him 10. His Compiling the Form of the Kings Coronation when it was done by a Committee according to an old form of Consecration belonging to Arch-bishop Abbot there being no passage new in it but this old Protestant one used in Popish times which fixed more spiritual power in the King than the Pope would willingly allow jealous that any should finger Saint Peters Keys save himself And is this Let him obtain favour for thy people like Aaron in the Tabernacle Elisha in the waters Zecharias in the Temple give him Peters Key of Discipline and Pauls Doctrine which my Lord inserted not of himself but in concurrence with the rest 11. All the comely Repairs of any Church or Chappel especially in the Universities any bodies bowing to a Picture in his time as if he could answer all the miscarriages and indiscretions of men throughout the kingdom during his government The Oxford Scholars reverence to the Communion-table Dr. Lambs questioning Mr. Corbet and Mr. Cheynel the Oxford Copes and Latine prayers nay all that was done either in Oxford or Cambridge from 1628. to 1640. 12. All the Copes Altars Candlesticks Utensils Furnitures and Gestures though according to Canon used in any Cathedral in England 13. The Railing of Communion-tables the receiving of the Sacrament of the Lords Supper and saying Second Service there according to the Canons and Injunctions the using of Painted Glass Bishop Wren Bishop Mountagues and Bishop Peirces his Visitation Articles about Parish Churches wherein he had nothing to do 14. Punishing Mr. Smart of Durham who was censured by the High-Commission at York where he was none 2. Mr. Chancy who suffered by the High-Commission when he was but one 3. Mr. Bromley prosecuted by Sir Nath. Brent without him 4. Mr. Sherfield who suffered by the whole Court of Starre-Chamber in his absence 5. The purging of Dr. Featleys Sermons done by his Chaplain unknown to him 6. Mr. Workman by his own Diocesan and the High-Commission not by him 7. Mr. P. B. and B. proceeded with in a legal way in Starre-chamber he not being there 8. Birket and the Church-wardens of Becking ston the one proceeded against in the High-Commission and the other by Bishop Peirce without his privity 9. Ferdinando Adams was Pursevanted by Bishop Wren for shutting his Church against his Visitors and not by my L. of C. 15. Pictures found in Sir F. Windebanke and Dr. Ducks Bibles nothing to him 16. His Consecrating of Churches and Chappels according to the Word of God and the examples of the best times using Bishop Andrews his form for Consecration 17. His taking money for it by which you must understand fifteen pounds fees which he returned to the Churchwardens to distribute among the poor 18. A draught of his Popish Furniture and form of his own Chappel as they urged which proved not his but Bishop Andrews form and furniture which he had caused to be transcribed 19. The Book of Sports which was published first in King Iames his Reign before he had any power in the Church and afterward in King Charles his Reign before he had the chief power in the Church he being very strict in his practise on that day and the less strict of any Bishop in pressing the publication of that Declaration which allowed liberty to be otherwise suspending none in his whole Province for that fault alone and setting out such moderate Visitation-Articles as by the Joynt-petition of the most sober and moderate part of the Clergy to him were desired to be the Standard to all other Visitation-Articles Besides that if he had set out and pressed that Declaration it was only a Declaration of Christian liberty against Jewish bondages and observances according to Mr. Calvins opinion and the practise of the Reformed Churches even in Genova its self where they use sober Recreations upon that day and not any incouragement to Unchristian Licentiousness contrary to Christian practises for it allowed only Lawful Recreations and those only after Evening Prayer and that only to them that came to Prayers with a very severe Caution against Prophaneness and Debauchery It declared the first only Impune in the way of a Civil Edict determining nothing but condemned the latter as vnlawful in the way of an Ecclesiastical Decree allowing nothing It undeceived the people that they might not be ensnared from their Liberty to Judaical opinions
but understand the truth in this point as it was declared by the Laws either of God or Men truly It restrained the people that they might not be debauched from their Christian sobriety to Heathenish loosness but practise their duty on this day as it was taught by the Laws of God and Men orderly 20. His next Charge is his preferring of 1. The great Scholar Critick and Antiquary Dr. Mountague though it was Sir Dudley Carleton that preferred him 2. The profound Divine and honest man Dr. Iackson 3. Charitable Meek and Learned Dr. Christopher Potter 4. Acute Pious and Rationable Bishop Chapple 5. Pious Publick-spirited and Learned Dr. Cosins preferred indeed by the Arch-bishop of York 6. The very Learned and Industrious Bishop Lindsey deservedly preferred indeed by Bishop Neile 7. The worthy A. B. Neile who was so far from being preferred by my Lord of Canterbury that in truth my Lord of G. was advanced by him 8. The smart discreet and understanding man Bishop Wren Chaplain to Bishop Andrews 9. He is charged with the Incouragements he gave Dr. Heylm who was raised by the Earl of Denby Dr. Baker Bray Weekes Pocklington who were recommended by the Bishop of London c. 10. It is reckoned his fault that he interposed with His Majesty for such worthy men as Bishop Vsher recommended to him in Ireland and that upon a difference between the Lord Keeper and the Master of the Wards about Livings in the Kings Gift he moved the King to remove the occasion of those differences by presenting to him immediately himself and that if he recommended a worthy man to the King as Chaplain he trespassed upon my Lord Chamberlains Office 21. Some hundred Books are produced out of which some indiscreet passages had been expunged by Dr. Heywood Dr. Baker Dr. Weekes Dr. Oliver c. and these purgations are laid upon him and because the forementioned Gentleman suffered not bitter expressions that tended to the raising of old and legally silenced Controversies to pass the press as the expressions of the Church of England the Arch-bishop must come to the Block as an enemy of the Church of England 22. Because a Jesuite contrived a Letter wherein Arminianism is said to be planted in England to usher in Popery therefore the Arch-bishop preferring some worthy men who were of the same minde with Arminians had a design to introduce Popery 23. The High Commission called in many Books and punished Authors Printers or Booksellers and the poor Arch-bishop therefore indeavored the subversion of the Government 24. The Kings Declaration to silence the Controversies of the Church and his care to check those that endeavored to renew them The King and Councels Order at Woodstock about the tumult 1633. at Oxford the Kings perswading of Bishop Davenant and Bishop Hall to leave out some passages in their writings that might disturb the Peace and imprisoning their Printer for daring after they were purged to insert them in His Majesties approving Bishop Harsenets considerations about the Controversies and sending them to every Bishop and his Deputies reversing the Articles in Ireland make up his 21 th Charge 25. The Star-Chamber Order Iuly 1. 1637. about Printing whereby the Geneva Bibles were prohibited here and by Sir William Boswell suppressed in Holland Mr. Gellibrands new Almanack in Mr. Foxes his way burned Beacon Palsgraves Religion c. and other Books against the Kings Declaration for laying down Controversies stifled through the actions of other men must be this good mans fault 26. If Popish Books crept in either by imposing on his Chaplains or being printed without license though innocent ones too he must be guilty of a design against the Protestant Religion 27. The Kings Command to him to alter the form of Prayer for the fifth of November Dr. Potters request to him to review his Book called Charity mistaken must be another branch of his Charge as was his Majesties Order about sending the Common-Prayer upon D. H. request The Scottish alterations of it another the Bishops Chaplains presuming to alter the least Syllable in a conceited Authors Work a third The Importation of unlawful books by stealth against his will and without his knowledge a fourth Considerations about Lectures written by Bishop Harsenet and sent to every Diocesse by Arch-bishop Abbot a fifthâ— Attorney General Noy's suppressing the Puritane Corporation foâ— buying in of Impropriations as illegal and dangerous a sixth The alteration of the Letters Patents for the Palatinate Collection by the Kings Order who would not have such expressions pass the Great Seal as determined some Controversies as that the Pope was Antichrist which neither the Schools nor the Church had decided a seventh His very favourable dealing with the Walloon the French and Dutch Church for which they thanked him upon some incroachments of theirs upon the Parishes where they lived an eighth 28. 1. The Jesuits whispering into the ears of some fond people to raise suspicions of him and so oppositions against him which was the sum of Sir H. M. Mr. A. M. and Mr. Ch. hear-says of him produced at the Bar. 2. Rumors raised upon him because of his acquaintance with one Louder Brown and Ireland reputed Papists because his supposition in Oxford concurred in some things with Bellarmine where Bellarmine himself concurred with the Primitive times 3. Because Bishop Hall writ a Letter to one W. L. not to halt between two Religions 4. Because a Doctor in the University preached against those who were severe against the Puritans the then predominant Faction and moderate against the Catholicks at that time kept under and that he was pointed at by the University as one of those discreet men which indeed moved him but yet so that in a business of that kinde he thought fit in a Letter to Bishop Neal to be swaged to a patient course The Treaty for the Spanish Match which began before he was so much as Bishop and ended before he was Privy-Counsel the Duke of B. breaking it off to the great contentment of the Kingdom as appeared by the Parliaments thanks to him 1624. with whom he is accused to be so familiar and the Treaty with France which was managed with the Parliaments approbation His civilities to the Queens Majesty which was his duty and to win upon her his prudence His dislike of some scandalous passages in some mens prayers to her disparagement The Preface to the Oxford Statutes not written by him wherein Queen Maries days are extolled beyond Queen Elizabeths not for the state of our Church and Religion but for the Laws and Government of the University The printing of Sancta Clarae's book at Lyons and the maintaining of St. Giles by the King against the Archbishops will at Oxford The increase of Papists and Popery in Ireland without his privity The Lord Deputy Wentworths actions in Ireland not within his power The Queens sending Agents to Rome and receiving Nuncio's from thence against his advice
his Grave A carceribus ad metam the consciousness of their guilt in burying him above ground in his Imprisonment could no ways be satisfied but by Imprisoning him under ground by his Burial When they wanted nothing to compleat their guilt but this death concerning which his Majesty in his Letter to the Queen expresseth himself thus Nothing can be more evident than that Straffords Innocent Blood hath been one of the great causes of Gods just Judgment upon this Nation by a Civil War both sides hitherto being almost equally punished as being in a manner equally guilty but now this last crying bloud being totally theirs I believe it s no presumption hereafter to hope that his hand of Justice must be heavier upon them and lighter upon us looking now upon our Cause having passed by our faults they preached and talked that nothing interrupted their success but his death imputing all their disasters to his impunity as the Heathens did all theirs to those like him The first good Christians Then upon any publick misfortune it was Christiani ad Leones and at this time upon any misadventure Execute the Arch-bishop Neither was he offered only to the revenge of the English but likewise of the Scots too whose Covenant was to be Celebrated with this Sacrifice and Union cemented with this bloud Since neither the Law nor Reason neither Religion nor Nature neither the Kings power nor the Subjects innocence could preserve his life the excellent man prepared himself with the comforts of all for death having before setled his Estate in a charitable and pious way he had the better leisure to settle his soul had not the cruelty of some people that thought his very solitude too great an injoyment for him shewed themselves as much enemies to private as publick Devotions disturbed his retirements with contumelies upbraiding those very Devotions that then interceded for them who would have laughed at Christ if he had used his own prayer Now if ever the Lion and the Lamb dwelt together the highest Courage and the sweetest Meekness together inhabiting one Breast The great Pastor of the Church going to die with the innocence and silence of a Lamb in the midst of contumelies speaking not again himself though his bloud doth and did His last nights repose was the Emblem of his last rest his slâ—ep the true image of his death serene and calm Having stripped him of all the Honors of an Archbishop they would have denyed him the priviledge of a Malefactor to have his own woâ—thy Confessor Dr. Sterne since Archbishop of York about him taking it so ill that he would not admit of Marshall that was fitter to be the Executioner than a Chaplain that because he would not die according to the humor of the Presbyterians he should not die in the honorable way of an Archbishop 1. Sheriff Chambers of London bringing over night the Warrant for his Execution and acquainting him therewith he betook himself to his own and desired also the prayers of others and particularly of Doctor Holdsworth his Fellow Prisoner there for a year and a half though all that time there had not been the least converse between them The next morning being brought out of the Tower to the Scaffold he ascended it with an extraordinarily chearful and ruddy countenance he that had been so long a Martyr no doubt thinking it release of misery to be made a Martyr as if he had mounted rather to have beheld a triumph than to be made a sacrifice and came not there to die but to be translated and exchange his Miter for the Crown of Martyrdom The clearness of his Conscience being legible in the chearfulness of his dying looks as the ferenity of the weather is understood by the glory and ruddiness of the setting Sun there desiring to have room to die and declaring that he was more willing to go out of the world than any man to send him he first took care to stop the chinks near the block and remove the people he spied under it expressing himself that it was no part of his desire that his bloud should fall upon the heads of the people in which desire it pleased God he was so far gratified that there remaining a small hole from a knot in the midst of a board the fore-finger of his right hand at his death happened to stop that also and then at once pardoning and over-coming his Enemies many of whom coming thither to insult went away to weep for him who had this peculiar happiness with his Master that he gained that reverence by his Adversity that neither he nor any gained in Prosperity he turned his Scaffold to a Pulpit and Preached his own Funeral in these express words delivered by him to the excellent Dr. Sterne to be communicated to his Fellow-Chaplains His Graces Speech according to the Original written with his own hand and delivered by him upon the Scaffold on Tower-hill Ian. 10. 1644. To his Chaplain Dr. Sterne now Lord Archbishop of York Good People THis is an uncomfortable time to preach yet I shall begin with a Text of Scripture Heb. 12. 2. Let us run with patience that race which is set before us Looking unto Iesus the Author and Finisher of our Faith who for the joy that was set before him endured the Cross despising the shame and is set down at the right hand of the Throne of God I have been long in my Race and how have I looked unto Jesus the Author and Finisher of my faith he best knows I am now come to the end of my Race and here I finde the Cross a death of Shame But the shame must be despised or no coming to the right hand of God Jesus despised the shame for me and God forbid that I should not despise the shame for him I am going apace as you see towards the Red Sea and my feet are upon the brink of the very brink of it An Argument I hope that God is bringing me into the Land of Promise for that was the way through which he led his people But before they came to it he instituted a Passeover for them A Lamb it was but it must be eaten with sower herbs Exod. 12. 8. I shall obey and labour to digest the sower herbs as well as the Lamb. And I shall remember it is the Lords Passeover I shall not think of the herbs nor be angry with the hand that gathered them but look up only to him who instituted that and governs these for men can have no more power over me then what is given them from above St. Iohn 19. 11. I am not in love with this passage through the Red Sea for I have the weakness of flesh and bloud plentifully in me And I have prayed with my Saviour Vt transiret calix iste that this Cup of Red Wine might pass from me St. Luke 22. 42. But if not Gods will not mine be done And I shall
sober heat moderate desiresâ— and orderly though quick imaginations with all the advantages of age without any of its infirmities able to judge as well as to imagine to advise as well as execute and as fit for setled busisiness as for new Projects Having summed together those Experiences by reading which he could not by living to direct him in old Affairs and not abuse him in new emergencies Free from the errors of youth neither embracing more than he could hold nor stirring more than he could quiet nor flying to the end without consideration of the means and designs nor using extream remedies nor prone to innovations nor easily pursuing a few principles he chanced on nor uneasily retracting the errors he fell into and the mistakes of age as consulting too long objecting too much adventuring too little repenting too soon and seldom driving business home to the full Periods but sitting down with mediocrity of success Whereby he injoyed the favor and popularity of youth and the Authority of age the virtues of both ages in him corrected the defects of either acting as a man of age and learning as a young man This Incomparable Person being obliged in youth to hazzard his life in the behalf of those excellent Constitutions of this Kingdom which he hoped to be happy under when ancient and willing with his bloud to maintain what his Ancestors with their bloud had won saying That a small courage might serve a man to engage for that cause the ruine whereof no courage would serve him to survive The King when it was visible that he could not have an honorable and a just Peace without a War having not so much care to raise an Army the Nobility and Gentry who saw nothing between them and ruine but his Majesties Wisdom Justice and Power flowing upon him as to dispose of it under equal commands his own Troop consisting of 120 Persons of Eminent Quality worth above 150000 a year were intrusted with the Lord Bernard Stuart a Person suitable to the Command as it is said in our Chronicles of Edward of Caernarvon because one of themselves who having disciplined them with two or three Germain Souldiers direction to the exactest Model led them like himself valiantly and soberly after Sir Arthur Astons Dragoons to perform as the first so the best charge that was performed that day clearing the lined hedges so as to open a way to Sir Faithful Fortescue and his Troop to come over to his Majesty and to pursue the Enemy with great slaughter for half a mile untill he observed the Lieutenant General Willmot worsted and his Majesties Foot left naked to whose rescue he came joyning with Prince Rupert with whom he drew towards his Majesty with a noble account of his Charge with whom having taken care of his wounded Brother disposed of to Abington and Ian. 13. following solemnly Interred at Oxon he marched to Aino Banbury Oxford Reading Maiden-head Colâ—brooke and Brentford where he managed the Kings Majesty his Retreat and March with exceeding Conduct and Resolution as he did the excellent Services imposed upon him 1. Near Litchfield whence afterwards he was made Earl of Litchfield 1644. 2. Before Marleborough where he won three Posts lost two Horses and between thirty and forty ounces of bloud 3. And in Newbury second Fight when the Earl of Essex his Horse pressed so hard upon the Kings that they gave way in disorder untill this Noble Lord came in to the relief of Col. Legge as he had come just before to the rescue of Sir Humphrey Bennet and fell upon the Enemies Flank so dexterously and successefull that he routed them with the lose of several of their Officers and a multitude of the common Souldiers 4. And in Rowton-heath near Chester where when the King was over-powered by Poyntz and Iones this Lord managed his Retreat to the amazement of all that saw him till he fell the last of the three illustrious Brothers of this Family that dyed Martyrs to this great Cause wherein it was greater honor to be conquered than it was on the other side to conquer Causa victrix diis placuit victa Catoni Pro Patria si dulce mori si nobile vinci vivere quam laetâ—m est vincere quantus honos THE Life and Death OF LUCIUS CARY Viscount Faulkland A Brace of accomplished men the Ornaments and Supports of their Country which they served with no less faithfulness and prudence in their Negotiations abroad than honor and justice in their Places at home Of such a stock of Reputation as might kindle a generous emulation in strangers and a noble ambition in those of their own Family Henry Cary Viscount Faulkland in Scotland Son to Sir Edward Cary was born at Aldnam in Hertfordshire being a most accomplished Gentleman and a complete Courtier By King Iames he was appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland and well discharged his Trust therein But an unruly Colt will fume and chafe though neither switch'd nor spur'd meerly because back'd The Rebellious Irish will complain only because kept in subjection though with never so much lenity the occasion why some hard speeches were passed on his Government Some beginning to counterfeit his hand he used to incorporate the year of his age in a knot flourished beneath his name concealing the day of his birth to himself Thus by comparing the date of the month with his own birth-day unknown to such Forgers he not only discovered many false writings that were pass'd but also deterred dishonest Cheaters from attempting the like for the future He made use of Bishop Vshers interest while he was there as appears by the excellent speech the Bishop made for the Kings Supply Being recalled into England he lived honorably in the County aforesaid untill by a sad casualty he broke his leg on a stand in Theobalds Park and soon after dyed thereof He marryed the sole Daughter and Heir of Sir Lawrence Tanfield Chief Baron of the Exchequer by whom he had a fair Estate in Oxford-shire His death happened Anno Dom. 1620. being father to the most accomplished Statesman Lucius Lord Faulkland the wildness of whose youth was an Argument of the quickness of his riper years He that hath a Spirit to be unruly before the use of his reason hath mettle to be active afterwards Quick-silver if fixed is incomparable besides that the Adventures Contrivances Secrets Confidence Trust Compliance with Opportunity and the other sallies of young Gallants prepare them for more serious undertakings as they did this Noble Lord great in his Gown greater in his Buff able with his Sword abler with his Pen a knowing Statesman a learned Scholar and a stout man One instance of that excess in Learning and other Perfections which portended ruine to this Nation in their opinion who write that all extreams whether Vertue or Vice are ominous especially that unquiet thing called Learning whose 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth its own Period and that of the
understood he the interest of all his places and resolutely he maintained them What saith he shall the Liberties of Westminster he infringed when the chief Favorite is Steward and the Lord Keeper Dâ—an and I the Contemptible man that must be trampled on When he was in trouble what passion what insinuation what condescension hath he at command when Petitioned to how quickly he looked through men and business how exactly would he judge and how resolutely conclude without an immediate intimation from his Majesty or the Duke Many eyes were upon him and as many eyes were kept by him upon others being very watchful on all occasions to accommodate all emergencies and meet with all humors always keeping men in dependance on the Duke according to this intimation of his Cabal 287. Let him hold it but by your Lordships favor not his own power A good way had he been constant to it the neglect whereof undid him for designing the promotion of Dr. Price to the Bishoprick of Armagh he moved it to the Duke who told him it was disposed of to Dr. Vsher. Whereupon he went his own way to advance that man and overthrew himself for then his Lord let him feel what he had threatned my Lord Bacon when he advanced him That if he did not owe his Preferment always to his favor he should owe his fall to his frown The peremptoriness of his judgment rendred him odious his compliance with Bristol suspected and his Sermon at King Iames's Funeral his tryal rather than his Preferment obnoxious His spirit was great to act and too great to suffer It was prudence to execute his Decrees against all opposition while in power it was not so to bear up his miscarriages against all Authority while in disgrace A sanguine Complexion with its Resolutions do well in pursuit of success Flegm and its patience do better in a Retreat from micarriages This he wanted when it may be thinking fear was the passion of King Charles's Government as well as King Iames he seconded his easie fall with loud and open discontents and those discontents with a chargeable defence of his Servants that were to justifie them and all â—â—th that unsafe popularity invidious pomp and close irregularity that laid him open to too many active persons that watched him Whether his standing out against Authority to the perplexing of the Government in the Star Chamber in those troublesome times his entertainment and favor for the Discontented and Non-Conformists his motions for Reformation and Alteration in twelve things his hasty and unlucky Protestation in behalf of the Bishops and following actions in England and Wales where it s all mens wonders to hear of his Mâ—ruit su◠〈…〉 had those private grounds and reasons that if the Bishop could have spoken with the King but half an hour he said would have satisfied him the King of Kings only knoweth to whom he hath given I hope a better account than any Historian of his time hath given for him But I understand better his private inclinations than his publick actions the motions of his nature than those of his power the Conduct of the one being not more reserved and suspicious than the effects of the other manifest and noble for not to mention his Libraries erected and furnished at St. Iohns and Westminster his Chappel in Lincoln Colledge the Repairs of his Collegiate Church his Pensions to Scholars more numerous than all the Bishops and Noble-men besides his Rent Charges on all the Benefices in his gift as Lord Keeper or Bishop of Lincoln to maintain hopeful youth according to a Statute in that Case provided Take this remarkable instance of his Munificence that when Du Moulin came over he calleth his Chaplain now the Right Reverend Father in God Iohn Lord Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield and telleth him he doubted the good man was low wishing him to repair to him with some Money and his respects with assurance that he would wait upon him himself at his first leisure The excellent Doctor rejoyceth that he could carry him no less than twenty pounds The Noble Bishop replyed he named not the summe to sound his Chaplains minde adding that twenty pounds was neither fit for him to give nor for the Reverend Forreigner to receive Carry said he an hundred pounds He is Libelled by common fame for unchaste though those that understood the privacies and casualties of his Infancy report him but one degree removed from a Misogonist Though to palliate his infirmities he was most compleat in Courtly addresses The conversableness of this Bishop with Women consisted chiefly if not only in his Treatments of great Ladies and Persons of honor wherein he did personate the compleatness of Courtesie to that Sex otherwise a Woman was seldom seen in his house which therefore had alwayes more Magnificence than Neatness sometimes defective in the Punctilio's and Niceties of Daintiness lying lower than Masculine Cognizance and as level for a Womans eye to espy as easie for her hand to amend He suffereth for conniving at Puritans out of hatred to Bishop Loud and for favoring Papists out of love to them yet whatever he offered King Iames when the Match went on in Spain as a Counsellor or whatever he did himself as a Statesman such kindness he had for our Liturgy that he translated and Printed it at his own Cost into Spanish and used it in the Visitation of Melvin when sick to his own peril in the Tower and such resolution for Episcopacy that his late Majesty of blessed Memory said once to him My Lord I commend you that you are no whit daunted with all Disasters but are zealous in defending your Order Please it your Majesty replyed the Archbishop I am a true Welshman and they are observed never to run away till their Generall first forsakes them no fear of any flinching while your Majesty doth countenance our Cause His Extraction was Gentile and Antient as appeared from his Ancestors estate which was more than he could purchase without borrowing when at once Lord Keeper Bishop of Lincoln and Dean of Westminster His minde great and resolute insomuch that he controuled all other advices to his last to his loss in Wales and daunted Sir Iohn Cook as you may see in his Character to his honor in England His Wariness hath these Arguments 1. That he would not send the Seal to the King but under Lock and Key 2. That being to depute one to attend his place at the Coronation of King Charles the First he would not name his Adversary Bishop Laud to gratifie him nor yet any other to displease the King but took a middle way and presented his Majesty a List of the Prebendaries to avoid any exception referring the Election to his Majesty himself 3. That he proposed a partial Reformation of our Church to the Parliament to prevent an utter extirpation by it 4. That he exposed others to the censure of the Parliament 1625.
rebuke shall attend men for asserting the Churches dignity many will choose rather to neglect their duty safely and creditably than to get a broken pate in the Churches service only to be rewarded with that which will break their hearts too Although he was so resolvedly honest and upon such clear Principles conscientious that he tired the persecutions of his enemies and out-lived the neglect of his friends finding the satisfaction flowing from his duty out-ballancing the sufferings for it 1. When Chaplain much troubled by Arch-bishop Abbot Sir H. Lynde and Mr. P. 1. For Licensing a Book called An Historical Narration of the Iudgment of some most Learned and Godly English Bishops holy Martyrs Confessors in Queen Maries dayes concerning Gods Election and the Merits of Christs death Novemb. 27. 1630. 2. For maintaining universal Grace and Redemption in a Passion Sermon at St. Pauls Cross about the same time 2. When Master of Queens Colledge as much persecuted by the Faction for six or seven years from Cambridge to Elyâ— house thence to Ship-board and thence to the Fleet with the same disgrace and torment I mentioned before in Dr. Beals life for being active in sending the University-Plate to the King and in undeceiving people about the proceedings of the pretended Parliament i. e. in sending to the King that which should have been plundred by his enemies and preaching as much for him as others did against him his sufferings were both the smarter and the longer because he would not own the Usurpation so much as to Petition it for favor being unwilling to own any power they had to Imprison him by any address to them to Release him And when in a throng of other Prisoners he had his Liberty he chose to be an exile beyond Sea at Paris rather than submit to the tumult at home at London or Cambridge If he was too severe against the Presbyteries of the Reformed Churches which they set up out of necessity it was out of just indignation against the Presbytery of England which set up it self out of Schism And when he thought it unlawful for a Gentleman of the Church of England to marry a French Presbyterian it was because he was transported by the oppression and out-rage of the English But being many years beyond Sea he neither joyned with the Calvinists nor kept any Communion with the Papists but confined himself to a Congregation of old English and Primitive Protestants where by his regular Life and good Doctrine he reduced some Recusants to and confirmed more doubters in the Protestant Religion so defeating the jealousies of his foes and exceeding the expectation of his friends Returning with his Majesty 1660. he was restored to his own Preferments and after Dr. Loves death the natural Wit and Orator Master of Bennet Colledge Margaret Professor after Dr. Holdsworth in which place he was sure to affront any man that put up Questions against the Doctrine or Discipline of the Church of Engl. in the worst of times and Dean of Ely made Dean of Ely in which dignity he dyed 1662 3 having this Memorial That he had bred up his Colledge so well in the Principles of Religion and Loyalty that no one there from the highest to the lowest submitted to the Usurpers for there was a through Reformation neither Master Fellow not Scholar being left of the Foundation so that according to the Laws of the Admiralty it might seem a Wreck and forfeited in this Land-tempest for lack of a living thing therein to preserve the propriety thereof a severity contrary to the eternal moral of the Jewish Law provided against the Depopulation of Birds-nests that the old and young ones should be destroyed together The Doctors Predecessors Dr. Humphrey Tyndal Master of Queens and Dean of Ely was as is reported offered by a Protestant party in Bohemia to be chosen King in Queen Elizabeths Reign and he refused it alleadging That he had rather be a Subject under Queen Elizabeth than a forraign Prince And the Doctor himself was offered as I have heard honorable accommodations by some in the Church of Rome but he accepted them not because he said He had rather be a poor Son of the afflicted but Primitive Church of England than a Rich Member of the flourishing but corrupt Church of Rome Edvardus Martin S. Th. Dr. Cato sequioris saculi qui nihil ad famam omnia ad conscientiam fecit Rigide pius vir et severe Iustus sibi theatrum omnia ad normam exigens non amplius ambivit quam ut sibi placeret et Deo THE Life and Death OF THE LORD WILLMOT Earl of Rochester THe Lord Wilmot born on All-Souls day in Ireland and bred Fellow of All-Souls in Oxford received a Barony from his Ancestors and conveyed an Earldom to his Posterity of whom a great man said That he was so Great a Scholar that he could give the best advice and so good a Souldier that he could follow it the best of any man in England none more valiant to return a private affront with the hazard of his own Personâ— he gave a box on the ear to one of the most eminent men in this Nation none more patient in taking a disgrace the revenge of which might hazard the publick safety He suffered his Horse to be taken by the bridle and himself to be led out of Command by a Messenger from his Majesty in the Hoad of 700. Horse over whom he was Lieutenant-General in view of the Enemy to the great dissatisfaction of the Army which was ready to Mutiny for the Lord Willmot at that very time when they should fight the Earl of Essex He was Captain of Horse many years in the Low Countries with great respect for his generous Courage and good Discipline and coming thence over was made Commissary General of Horse in the Expedition into Scotland In Holland began that animosity between him and Goring which continued in England His sobriety indeared him to every Army he came to and therefore rendred him suspected and envied in most actions he performed An excellent Commander of Horse and of himself being therefore mistrusted because he would not swear as if Dam-me had been the Oath of Allegiance 1640. Aug. 28. When the Lord Conway let the Scots over â—weed Mr. Willmot was the first man that made head against them standing with a few prime Gentleman when the rest of the Army fled and threw down their Arms to the Enemies Horse and Cannon so effectual that though being over-powered he could not defeat them yet he stunned them so that instead of advancing with an Army next day they submit with a Petition exactly as Mr. Willmot guessed whose opinion was That one resolute action against the Scots should min them who are lost by favors and 〈◊〉 by severities He acted like a Statesman when Commissary in the Expedition against the Scots telling my Lord Conway That he saw his Majesty would be overcome by the English at home if he
resign when his Conscience and Imployment could not consist together and much troubled between his unhappiness that he could not serve his Generation and his temper that would have its liberty having quitted his place 1653 4. he injoyed not long his life Dr. Lambert Osbaston suffering more for his Conscience by the Faction than he had done for his waggery by the Government he went beyond Canterbury but he could not go beyond Westminster where many of his own Scholars that he made not onely Scholars but men teaching his charge not only their Books but themselves breeding them to Carriage and Address as well as Learning and infusing a spirit with his notion were as severe to him as he had been to them Some favour they shewed his Person for his former services which he repented but Sequestred all his Preferments for his present integrity in pressing all those he had an interest in even Bradshaw himself upon his Death-bed to repent He was turned out of one Living in the Country for insufficiency and yet employed at most examinations at Westminster for his parts where he made boys do that which men durst not tell truth to Oliver then their Nose and Face he being not pedantick in his carriage and discourse was by some not thought rich in Learning because he did not Jingle with it in his discourse He gave the best alms to the poor learning never paying boys because their Parents did not pay him encouraging poor Children to be painful in School but never poor Scholars idly begging before it Mr. Bust the admirable Greek School-master of Eaton never suffered any wandring Scholar Rogues in the front of the Statute to come to his School privately relieving and publickly chiding such left his boys might be discouraged to those that had taken pains at School for maintenance come beggars out of the University He never dulled a quick head by mawling it nor awed a fluent tongue into stuttering by affrightment nor commuted correction into money nor debased his Authority by contesting with the obstinate turning such out when he could do them no good and they might do others much hurt studying the Childrens dispositions as they did their books the invincibly dull he pityed consigning them over to other Professions Ship-wrights and Boat-makers will chuse those crooked pieces of Timber which other Carpenters refuse The dull and diligent he encouraged he had been a Child himself if he had corrected nature as a fault in Children the ingenious and idle he quickned the ingenious and industrious he doted on not only pardoning but being infinitely pleased with a well-humored fault that discovered parts as well as youth and was an ingenious error Mr. Iohn Cleaveland owing his Birth and School-breeding to Hinckley in Leicester-shire the heaving of his natural fancy by choicest Elegancies in Greek and Latine more elegantly Englished an exercise he improved much by to Mr. Vines then Schoolmaster His University Education to Christs Colledge where he was Scholar and St. Iohns where he was Fellow besides his being an exquisite Orator and a pure Latinist The first recommending him to the honor of making those publick Speeches of his to his late Majesty the Prince the Prince Palatine c. lately published and the other preferring him to the place of Rhetorick-Reader he was a general Artist and universal Scholar that had the patience to squeeze all the proper Learning that had any coherence with it into each fancy which ran like the soul it dwelled in in a minute through the whole Circle both of Sciences and Languages by the strength of an exercised memory that conned out of book all it read Mr. Cleaveland reckoned himself to know just so much as he remembred his fancy in his elaborate Pieces of Poetry wherein he excelled summing whole books into a Metaphor and whole Metaphors into an Epithite walked from one height to another in a constant level and Champion of continued elevation he ventured his Person and Preferment for his Majesty at Newark where he handled his Sword in the quality of Advocate and his life at Oxford where he managed his Pen as the highest Panegyrist witness his Rupertismus his Elegy on my Lord of Canterbury c. on the one hand on the one side to draw out all good inclinations to vertue and the smartest Satyrist witness the Rebell Scot the Scots Apostacy the Character of a London Diurnal and a Committee-man blows that shaked triumphing Rebellion reaching the soul of those not to be reached by Law or Power striking each Traitor to a paleness beyond that of any Loyal Corps that bled by them the Poet killing at as much distance as some Philosophers heat-scars lasting as time indelible as guilt-stabs beyond death on the other to shame the ill from Vice sinking in the common ruine of King and Kingdom he was undone first and afterwards secured at Norwich because he was poor and had not where withall to live whereupon he composed an Addresse to the Pageant Power at Whitehall of so much gallant Reason and such towring Language as looked bigger than his Highness shrinking before the Majesty of his Pen the only thing that ever I heard wrought upon him that had been too hard for all Swords representing that of his Master and Cause like Faelix trembling Paul flattered one of the meanest of three Nations that he Ruled and ominously sent him to study the Law which he saw would prevail it being in vain to suppress that was supported by the two greatest things in the World Wit and Learning This great Wit great in his easie veins and elaborate strein no less to be valued by us because most studyed by him dyed at Grays-Inn April 29. 1658. and being carryed from thence to Hunsdon-House was buryed on May-day at Colledge-hill Dr. Iohn Pearson his good friend preached his Funeral Sermon who rendred this reason why he cautiously declined all commending of the party deceased because such praysing of him would not be adequate to any expectation in that Auditory seeing some who knew him not would think it far above him while those who knew him must needs know it far below him Mr. Richard Crashaw his Father had done so well in the Temple where he was Preacher and he promised so much where he was a Scholar that two great Lawyers I think Sir Henry Yelverton and Sir Randolph Crew took him to their care the one paying for his Diet the other for his Cloaths Books and Schooling till he was provided of both in the Royal Foundation at Charter-House where his nature being leisurely advanced by Art and his own pretty conceits improved by those of the choicest Orators and Poets which he was not onely taught to understand but imitate and make not only their rich sense his own but to smooth his soul as well as fill it for things are rough without words their expressions too the essays Mr. Brooks his worthy Master still alive whose even constant and pursuing
much as he was able to pay for melted it down and scoured his body with it when he kept School first in a Cellar in Aldersgate-street In the Wars there were for personal Valour very eminent Sir Baynam and Sir Clement Throgmorton who whilest others boast of their French bloud may with their English Family vie Gentry with any of the Norman Extraction 1 For Antiquity four Monasyllables being by common pronunciation crowded into their Name The Rock More Town 2 For numerosity being branched into so many Countries 3 For Ingenuity Character'd by Cambden to be fruitful of sine Wits and to them Sir Simon Archer of Tanworth in Warwickshire and his Son there of his studiousness as well as Estate a great Antiquary careful in collecting and courteous in communicating singular Rarities which were carelesly scattered up and down these Wars and prudently brought up by him and the Honorable Persons fore-going who were not as the Toads who suck up the precious stone in their head envying the use of it sparing no cost for their love to Antiquity and being put to many thousand pounds charge for their hatred of Novelty as was The Honorable Iohn Son to Nich. Tuston created Earl of Thanet an exemplary Person in the strictness of his Life and the good Government of his Family who for encouraging the Kentish mens Loyalty though he left them upon their unconstancy paid for his own 9000 l. and Tho. Lord Viscount Falconbridge 5012 l. for his Col. Mynne Governor of Hereford there were in the Army besides Col. Robert and Col. Nicholas Mynne one or both Knights Harbingers and signing the Articles at the Rendition of Bristol an experienced Commander first in Ireland and afterwards coming over with a Brigade 1653. over whom he was General in England distressing Glocestâ—r from Berkly and thereabout with continual Skirmishes Massie saying He had plaid till these came over A restless man in pursuit of some project every day to hearten and employ his own Souldiers and weary the Enemy as he was going to joyn the Forces of Hereford and Worcestershire at Castlelane with a design on Glocester and others not keeping touch with him he was cut off with the best Regiment made so by continual exercise within three miles of Glocester in disadvantagious Inclosures the consequence whereof was the defeating of the Kings Power in Southwales being much missed by his Friends and honored by his Foes who gave him a stately Burial 1644. in Testimony of his Worth and Valor being the fairest and shrew dest Enemy in Christendom whose Monument shall be supported by First Col. H. Washington who blocked up Glocester on Tewxbury side a Gentleman though disobliged by being put upon designs without Money to pursue them never suffered his Heat and Feaver to turn to a Frenzy unworthily attempting what he could not handsomely atchieve though vext that his swelling and prosperous sails should be silled rather with airy promises than real supplies and Eversham scoured the hedges near Stopwash a Border-Town of Cheshire to make way for Prince Rupert to enter into that Important Garrison kept Worcester till his Majesty under his hand Iune 10. 1646. commanded him to yield it against all Assaults and Summons and did Wonders by Patience and Resolution at Colchester as he did at the first taking of Bristol the first breach whereof entred was called by his name made terrible thereafter by his brave Regiment of Dragoons whose fierce and active Gallantry bestowed a Proverb on every resolute Exploit Away with it quoth Washington Secondly The Honorable Col. Oneal the onely Protestant of his Family it s a question whether gaining more honor by his hard service about Glocester and in both the Newberries with King Charles the I. or by his assiduous Negotiations and Messages posting from place to place in Holland where he was warned to the Countess of Chesterâ—ield in France where he was welcome to the best Cavaliers and Germany for King Charles the II. especially in the various Occasions Opportunities and Revolutions 1659. at Fontarabia Scotland Flanders England c. that made way for his Majesties Restauration who let him to Farm the Post-Office He died 1664. It s more to be called an Oneal than an Emperor in Ireland 3. By Collonel Will. Pretty who when Backehouse sent him word he woulk Breakfast with him returned that then he would Dine at Glocester a Gentleman that loved his last thoughts as Mothers the youngest Child best declaring siercely Sept. 2. 1645. That Bristol was Tenable by force and needed not the courteste or charm of words meaning Treaties with Fairfax to maintain it onely the Souldiery were to be refreshed and the Bayes of Victory are not to be plucked up till by fair opportunities they are grown ready 4. Collonel Pert who received his Deaths wound 1645. in Cornwall not to be gained by Power or Policy from the ground he stood in the Riddle of the Army never appearing what he was nor being what he appeared giving his Enemies always too little hope to trust and too little to distrust him Such must be as dark as midnight who must perform actions as bright as Noon-day 5. Col. Taylor there was one Mr. Taylor Resident for his Majesty with the Emperor in honorable esteem who made the Glocestershire Forces pay as he said Cost and Dammage for the death of Col. Mynne at last killed himself 1645 at Bristol when unus homo pereundo restituit rem where he died in the bed of honor about which we can only draw the Curtain Richard Taylor ofâ—rnely â—rnely Sussex paid 500 l. composition Jo. Talbot of Thornton York 800 l. Sir Jo. Talbot Lanc. 600 l. Tho. Taylor Ocle Pichard Her 265 l. Rich. Taylor Clapham Bedf. Esq 450 l. 6. Col. Rich. Poore that little man and great Souldier slain in Wales 7. As was Col. Will. Wynne of Berthu at Wem the Bulwark of Northwales which as Souldiers cry was all and one his because of his large alliance obliging spirit exemplary sobriety great conduct and fidelity to which the Enemy never entred while he lived no more than the English could while Owen Glendower Commanded such a strong Line of Communication he had formed in all the Marches and so watchful and active was he in maintaining that Line The Worshipful Wynnes of Gwyddir were great sufferers for his Majesty 8. Col. Dalby that excellent Engineer killed at Wingfield Mannor Derbyshire 9. Col. Io. Marrow slain near Sandiway in Cheshire 10. Sir Matthew Carew whose Misfortunes were his advantage It is an ill wind that bloweth no body good his Company being delightful when his service though prudent and valiant was unsuccessful and he fit to stand before Princes and not before mean men a man of spirit for his non Faelix carrying a badge of Valor no blemish but Beauty Mars hath his spots as well as Venus in his face Sir Francis Carew Beddington Surrey paid 1000l Composition 11. Col. Bagot who had travelled most places
Horse and Arms with 8. men and scorning the Civilities offered by the Parliament as it was called he repaired to his now Majesty to promote his Overtures in France Holland and the Fleet where he was in the Quality that much became him of Master of the Ceremonies attending his Majesty throughout the Scottish Treaty at Breda in a very useful way and in the Scottish regency all along to the Battel of Worcester in a very prudent and active way whence escaping wonderfully as his Majesty did taken with Lesley about Newport he served his Majesty in a well-managed Embassie in Denmarke where besides present supplies for his Majesty he made a League Offensive and Defensive between the Dane and Dutch against the English and in a brave Regiment which with the Honourable Lord Gerards c. lay 1657. quartered about the Sea-Coasts as if they intended an Invasion Besides that both beyond Sea and at home he was one of the Lords of his Majesties most Honorable Privy-Counsel dying 1665. Leaving this Character behind him That he had a great dexterity in representing the worst of his Majesties Affairs with advantage to those Princes and People that measured their favours to him by the possibility they apprehended of his returning them so keeping their smiles who he knew if they understood all would have turned them into srowns And the ancient Barony of Wentworth extinct in him as the Earldom of Cleaveland was afterwards in his Father The Right Honorable Iames Stanley Lord Strange and Earl of Derby c. Who with his Ancestors having for their good services by their Soveraigns been made Kings of Man did often preserve their Soveraigns Kings of England Our good Lord being King of Hearts as well as Man by his Hospitality which they said expired in England at the death of Edward Earl of Derby by his being a good Land-lord as most are in Lancashire and Cheshire Letting their Land at the old Rent people thriving better on his Tenements than they did on their own Free-holds by his remarkable countenancing both of Religion and together with the continued obligations of his Ancestors Iustice gained upon the Kings Leige-people so far that he attended his Majesty as he said on his death for the settlement of Peace and the Laws with 40000 l. in money 5000. Armes with suitable Ammunition 1642. leaving his Son the Honorable Lord Strange now Earl of Derby as Leiutenant of Lancashire and Cheshire to put the Commission of Array in execution against Sir Thomas Stanley Mr. Holland Mr. Holcraft Mr. Egerton Mr. Booth Mr. Ashton Mr. Moore July 15. making the first warlike attempt wherefore he was the first man proclaimed against by the men at Westminster against Manchester with 4000. men whom afterwards the Earl disposed of several ways particularly to Latham-house which the Heroick Countess not to be paralelled but by the Lady Mary Winter kept thirteen Weeks against one siege 1644. and above a twelve month against another 1645. never yielding her Mansion House until his Majesty did his Kingdom Decem. 4. 1645. The Noble Earl in the mean time attending Prince Rupert in Cheshire Lancashire particularly at Bolton where he saved many a mans life at the taking of it 1644. and lost his own 1651. and York-shire especially at Marston-moor where he rallied his Country-men three times with great courage and conduct saying Let it never be said that so gallant a Body of Horse lost the Field and saved themselves Whence he escaped to the Isle of Man watching a fair opportunity to serve his Majesty to which purpose entertaining all Gentlemen of quality whose misfortune cast them that way and so keeping in Armes a good body of Horse and Foot he seized several Vessels belonging to the Rebels and by Sir Iohn Berkenhead kept constant correspondence with his Majesty at whose summons when he marched into England 1651. he landed in Lancashire and joyned with him adding 2000. Gentlemen with 600. of whom he staid there after his Majesty to raise the Country but being over-powered before he got his Levies into a consistency after a strange resistance which had proved a Victory had the gallant men had any Reserves he Retired much wounded to Worcester at which Fight exposing himself to any danger rather than the Traitors mercy he hardly escaped shewing his Majesty the happy hiding place at Boscobel which he had had experience of after the defeat in Lancashire and there conjuring the Penderells by the love of God by their Allegiance and by all that is Sacred to take care of his Majesty whose safety he valued above his own venturing himself with other Noblemen after Lesley lest he might discover his Majesty if he staid with him and his entire Body of Horse with whom he was taken at Newport and notwithstanding Quarter and Conditions given him against the Laws and Honor of the Nation judged by mean Mechanicks at Chester being refufed to make the Ancient Honorable Sacred and Inviolable Plea of Quarter and Commission before the great Mechanicks at Westminster and thence with the Tears and Prayers of the People all along the Road who cryed O sad day O woful day shall the good Earl of Derby the ancient Honor of our Country dye here conveyed to Bolton where they could not finde a great while so much as a Carpenter or any man that would so much as strike a Nail to erect the Scaffold made of the Timber of Latham-house October 15. 1651. At which place 1. After a servent and excellent prayer for his Majesty whose Justice Valor and Discretion he said deserved the Kingdom if he were not born to it the Laws the Nation his Relations and his own soul to which he said to the company God gave a gracious answer in the extraordinary comforts of his soul being never afterwards seen sad 2. After an heavenly discourse of his carriage towards God and God's dispensation towards him at which the Souldiers wept and the people groaned 3. After a charge he laid to his Son to be dutiful to his Mother tender to his distressed Brothers and Sisters studious of the peace of his Country and careful of the old Protestant Religion which he said to his great comfort he had settled in the Isle of Man he being himself an excellent Protestant his enemies if he had any themselves being Judges 4. And after a Tumult among the Souldiers and People out of pitty to this noble Martyr with a sign he gave twice the Heads-man first not heeding whereupon the good Earl said Thou hast done me a great deal of wrong thus to disturb and delay my bliss He died with this character thrown into his Coffin as it was carried off the Scaffold with the hideous cries and lamentations of all the Spectators Bounty Wit Courage all here in one Lye Dead A Stanleys Hand Veres Heart and Cecils Head The Right Honorable Henry Somerset Lord Marquiss of Worcester A Nobleman worthy of an honorable mention since King Charles
the First that firm Protestant who could not be moved from his Religion though he was in the heart of Spain and France was in his bosom either by power or love said of him when going under his Roof at Naseby fight that he found not so much faith as he did in him though a Papist bred at Saint Omers and travelled for many years in Spain and Italy no not in Israel For it was he whose frugality whereof his plain Freeze cloaths at Court were a great example enabled him and his Loyalty which he said whatever other Romanists practised was incorporated into his Religion often relating with pleasure that Gospel for the day when the Imperialists beat the Bohemians was Reddite Caesari quae sunt Casaris Deo qui sunt Dei urged him when his Majesties Protestant Subjects made him afraid and ashamed to stay in London to send men with ready money when the King wanted it and the Country-people would do no more without it to bear the charges of his Majesties and his Followers carriages and other accommodations to York besides that he was seen to give Sir Iohn Biron 5000 l. Sterling to raise the first horse that were raised for the King in England and his own Officers 40000 l. Sterling to raise two Armies 1642. and 1643. for his Majesty in Wales over and above 40000 l. Sterling in gold at three several times sent his Majesty in person and the unwearied pains the close imprisonments the many iminent dangers of his life and most of these hardships endured when he was eighty years of age and the great services he performed in South-wales where the greatness of his fortune and family improved by the sweetness and munificence of his person raised him an interest that kept those parts both a sanctuary to his Majesties person when he was in streights and the great relief of his Cause both with men and money when he was in want till that victorious Army that had reduced the whole kingdom besieged him who hearing of his Son the Lord Glamorgans landing with considerable Irish forces writes to them That if they would make him undelaid reparations for his Rents they had taken he would be their quiet Neighbor adding that he knew no reason he had to render his House the only House he had he being an infirm man and his goods to Sir Thomas Fairfax they being not the Kings to dispose of and that they might do well to consider his condition now eighty four years of age At last upon very honorable Articles three months time without being questioned for any action in relation to the war being allowed them to make their composition surrendring the very last Garrison in England or Wales that held out for his Majesty for whom the Marquiss lost his great estate being Plundered and Sequestred and in his old age Banished his Country being excepted out of all the Indemnities of his enemies and as I am told left out of the care of his friends among whom he died poor in Prison whither he was fetched in a cold Winter 1648. supported only by his chearful nature whereof his smart Apothegms and Testimonies as when his Majesty had pardoned some Gentlemen upon their good words that had prejudiced his service in South-Wales the Marquiss told him That was the way to gain the Kingdom of Heaven but not his Kingdom on Earth and used to reprove him out of some old Poet as Gower Chawcer c. often repeating that passage of Gower to him A King can kill a King can Save A King can make a Lord a Knave And of a Knave a Lord also And when he saw a ghastly old woman he would say How happy were it for a man going to Bed to his Grave to be first Wedded to this Woman When he was in Bala in Merionith-shire and the people were afraid to come at him for fear he was a Round-head Oh said he this misunderstanding undoeth the world And when the Major came and excused the Town to him Do you see now said he if the King and Parliament understood one another as you and I do they would agree as you and I do What when forbid Claret for the Gout said he shall I quit my old friend for my new enemy When a Mâ—â—quet-bullet at the siege of Ragland glancing on a Marble-pillar in the withdrawing Room where my Lord used to entertain his friends with pleasant discourses after meals hit his head and fell flat on the ground he said That he was flattered to have a good head-piece in his younger days but he thought he had one in his old age which was Musquet-proof Excusing a vain-glorious man as he would put a charitable construction upon most mens actions he said That vain-glory was like Chaff that kept a mans spirit warm as that did the Corn Adding if you set a man on his Horse let him have his Horse When a conceited Servant told him once that he should not have done so and so I would answered he give gold for a Servant that is but nothing for one that seems to be wiser than his Master Two men very like another the one a Papist the other a Protestant one of them set the other to take the Oath of Supremacy for him whereupon said the Marquiss If the Devil should mistake you one for the other as the Iustices did he would marr the coâ—â—â—it When it was told him he should be buried at Windsor Then said he I shall take a better Castle when dead than ever I lost when alive He desired Sir Thomas Fairfax to comprehend his two Pigeons within the Articles who wondering at his chearfulness was told That he suffered chearfully because he did before reckon upon it His goverment of his family was remarkable Dr. Bayley protesting that in three years he saw not a man drunk he heard not an oath sworn and though it was half Protestant half Papist he observed not a crosse word given the whole house being as the Master not only chearful but sober and indeed to keep them so he would wind up the merriest reparties with a grave and serious conclusion no Servants better disciplined or incouraged than his With him it is fit to mention 1. His Son the Earl of Glamorgan since Marquiss of Worcester who was as active in raising Irish forces for his Majesty having made the pacification there wherein it was thought he went beyond his Commission as his Father was in raising the Welch nay indeed Commanded the Welch to Glocester and other plaees with success in the years 1642 1643. as he would have done the Irish had he not been obstructed 1644. as he writes to the Lord Hopton c. to the Relief of Chester for which services he was Misunderstood by his friends Sequestred and Banished by his enemies continuing with his Majesty in that condition till his Restauration A great Mechanick eminent both at home and abroad for the Engines and Water-works