Selected quad for the lemma: power_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
power_n	king_n	law_n	tyrant_n	3,396	5	9.9720	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A89562	A copy of a letter written by Mr. Stephen Marshall to a friend of his in the city, for the necessary vindication of himself and his ministry, against that altogether groundlesse, most unjust, and ungodly aspersion cast upon him by certaine malignants in the city, and lately printed at Oxford, in their Mendacium Aulicum, otherwise called Mercurius Aulicus, and sent abroad into other nations to his perpetuall infamy. In which letter the accusation is fully answered. And together with that, the lawfulnesse of the Parliaments taking up defensive arms is briefly and learnedly asserted and demonstrated, texts of Scripture cleared, all objections to the contrary answered, to the full satisfaction of all those that desire to have their consciences informed in this great controversie.; Plea for defensive arms.	Marshall, Stephen, 1594?-1655.	1643 (1643)	Wing M750; Thomason E102_10; ESTC R21572	25,726	33

by their ayds of men and money their distressed and oppressed Brethren and Neighbours in the like case and now in our own sight both the King and States have acquitted the Scots as having done nothing in their late defence but what became good Subjects And what the judgement of this Nation was in the time of Popery is plain enough by their practice in their usuall taking of Armes and not leaving till they had compelled their Princes to ratifie their Priviledges and Charters which through ill Counsellors they had infringed And observeable it is that because the Bishops and Clergie of those times saw the Princes go about to take down their pride they were ever the most forward to justifie the proceeding of the State and I suspect in case the Tables were turned and we had a King endeavouring to take downe the Bishops to take away Pluralities Non-Residents c. and a Parliament seeking to maintain them the world would hear another Divinity from many of them who now crie out that all our defence is damnable But lest I might be thought not to have weighed the Scripture and reasons of both sides equally I will give you a further account what my thoughts were and are concerning the Scriptures usually pleaded against this resistance and the reasons deduced from them The strongest hold they pretend to is built upon Romans 13. 1. c. 1 Peter 2. 13 14. where we are enjoyned subjection to the Higher Powers especially to the King as Supreme and all know that Nero the then supreme Governour was no better then a Tyrant Answ. First it is observable that this objection and almost all the rest taken out of the Scripture make the case of all Subjects in all Kingdoms to be alike that although as I touched before there are hardly two Kingdoms in the world but do differ in Laws Customs and Constitutions bounding the Kings authority and the Subjects obedience yet if any of these would change the the bounds of his authority for instance If the King of Denmarke or Sweden or Polonia would invade the liberty of his Subjects and make himselfe as absolute not onely as the King of England but as the King of France or Spaine or the Great Turk this argument tyes all their Subjects from resisting let any man shew an outgate for the Subjects of the one which will not let out others and for my part I will yeeld the cause If they say these Kings tooke their Crowns upon those termes and the Subjects indented to have libertie of resistance in such cases then they grant that where the Laws of the Kingdom allow a liberty of resistance resistance may be used notwithstanding these texts which is as much as we plead for If any people have covenanted in no case to resist let them seek another answer in the mean time these Texts tie not those from resisting by their own answer who have not tyed themselves Secondly I appeal to their own judgements whether these Texts forbid all forcible resistance Suppose a Prince in his rage should go about to kill himselfe or runne some innocent man thorow with his sword might no man take the sword out of his hand and if it be lawfull for a private man to dis-arme him of the weapons wherewith he would kill one may not the State take such weapons out of his or the hands of his Instruments wherewith they goe about to destroy all Thirdly both Texts lay the same charge for subjection to inferiour Magistrates who likewise have their authoritie from God though under the Superiour As our Saviour said to Pilate who was but a Deputy thou couldst have no {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} no power at all against me if it were not given thee from above And may no resistance be made against the unjust violence of inferiour Officers if there may it is sufficient sure I am the Texts have not one word to allow the one and prohibite the other Fourthly what one syllable in either of these Texts so much as looks towards the forbidding of a people to resist Tyrannie but onely that we resist not the Magistrates in the rightfull exercise of their authority given them by God the Texts speak not of their persons but of their power not of their dictates but of their legall commands no more of Kings than of an higher Power in an Aristocracie or Democracie binding all persons to subject themselves to that Power and Authoritie which in the severall places where they live is the Highest or Supreme power Object But Nero was a Tyrant Answ. Not in his five first years nor secondly was he a Tyrant in all things he had authoritie to rule according to Law that was not his Tyrannie his Tyrannie was what he usurped contrary to the Law nor thirdly were all his under-Officers Tyrants many of them could say with Festus Acts 25. It is not the manner of the Romanes to deliver any man to die before that he which is accused have the accusers face to face and have leave to answer for himselfe and would accordingly dismisse them if they had done nothing worthy of death or of bonds Object 2. But doth not the thirteenth Chapter of the Romans plainely binde mens hands from resisting the Supreme Power Answ. By the Supreme power must be meant that power which by the originall and fundamentall Constitution of any People and Nation hath authoritie to make Lawes which shall binde the whole Nation to dispose of the estates and lives of any person or persons for the good of the Nation to judge every person and persons in the Nation determinatively and conclusively so as from that judgement there is no appealing that power it self being subject to the judgement and authoritie of none but God and Aristotle makes three distinct Branches of this power 1. The power of making and repealing Lawes a Legislative power 2. The power of making Warre and Peace of imposing Customes and Tributes 3. The power of judging Causes and Crimes ultimately and decisively where these three meet and make their residence whether in one person as in absolute Monarchs or in many as in mixed Monarchies or Aristocracies or in the body of the people as in the ancient Roman Government there is the highest power which every soule is forbidden to resist But now what ever be the higher power in England most certain it is that the Kings absolute or illegall will is not the highest power that hath neither power to make Laws nor repeale Laws that hath not power to acquit or condemne nor may men appeal from the Kings lawfull judgement Seate to the Kings absolute will but his legall will in the highest Court or the King and Parliament may make Lawes or repeal Lawes may engage the whole Nation in a Warre and command both the Bodies and Purses of men unto the service is the highest Court of Iudicature to which all may appeal and

Councell of Basil proved the Councell to be above the Pope and a Kingdom above the King and said they were but flatterers who taught otherwise And fourthly doth not right reason as much abhorre this that whereas Princes are the publike fathers and the people owe them the duty of children that these children should be prohibited from keeping their publike fathers from the greatest evils If our naturall father through ignorance or distemper should go into a pest-house his children might by force fetch him out or if in a raging passion go about to kill himself wife children or any others their children may disarme them yea we are tied not to suffer friend or foe to incurre the guilt of rapine or blood if it lie in our power to hinder it and speak to my reason what evill have Princes deserved that if they go about to murder themselves subjects and children not any of their people no not the whole body politick should have power to restrain them And if reason will allow this liberty of resistance to private persons as even Barclay and Grotius the two great propugners of the sacred and inviolable power of Kings grant how much more cleare honourable and safe must such a defence needs be when done by the representative body of a State who are Gods ordinance as well as Kings the ministers of God sent by him to be a terrour to evill and a praise to them that do well And in England are the highest Court of Judicature and in whom his Majesty confesses there is legally placed sufficient power to prevent Tyranny Upon such reasons as these not only Heathens have resisted their Princes when bent to subvert their laws and liberties but even most of the States of Christendome Papists and Protestants when they have been put to it have borne defensive Armes against the unlawfull violences of their misled Princes But now if notwithstanding all this faire shew of reason Gods word hath determined the contrary we must lay our hands upon our mouths and shall no longer deserve to be accounted the servants and subjects of Christ then while we turne our reason how specious soever out of doores when once it offers to oppose the least Iota of his revealed will But where is this Scripture to be found Certainly the good Subjects in the Old Testament knew it not Sauls Subjects who swore that Saul should not kill Ionathan nor pluck an haire from his head though Saul had sworne by God he should die knew no such Scripture and I believe that if the same men had been about him when he protested the Priests of the Lord should die they would not only have with-held their own but Doegs hands from doing execution David knew no such Scripture nor the 600 men with him that would have fortified Keilah against Saul Nor those many choice men of the severall Tribes of Israel among whom were some of Sauls brethren and kindred and chief officers that fell to David though Saul had proclaimed him traitor from day to day to help him till it was a great host like the host of God And all this while David was though an innocent yet but a private man And I think if Elias had took himselfe bound in conscience to render himselfe prisoner to the Captains which Ahaziah sent for him he would not have killed them with fire from heaven Neither would Elisha have taken such a rough course with the messengers sent to take his head Nor would the eighty valiant Priests have thrust Vzziah by force out of the Temple who was a King still though a Leper Neither can these examples be eluded with saying these were extraordinary persons for first they were not all so not the people that resisted Saul nor the people that fell to David nor the eighty Priests unlesse in the extraordinarinesse and valiancy of their spirits And for the extraordinary persons themselves I know nothing why their examples may not be pleaded for our Defensive Armes as well as Davids eating the shewbread was pleaded by our Saviour for his Disciples rubbing the ears of corn unlesse they can first shew that their practice was against a known law I mean unlesse there were some known law that Innocents might not defend themselves and one another against the unjust violence of their Princes Indeed we often read in the Old Testament of Fearing the King Honouring the King Obeying the King which their practice shewes they understood to bind them to yeeld Honour Loyalty Obedience and Subjection to their Magistrates according to law but not that they were bound to let them doe what mischeife they pleased Neither is there any more in the new Testament there indeed are full and frequent exhortations to submit our selves to Magistrates to be subject to the higher Powers which are ordained of God and not to resist the Ordinance of God but not one word that we may not resist the Tyrannie of men no colour for it unlesse any will say that Tyrannie is Gods Ordinance that Tyrants beare the sword for the punishment of evill doers are the Ministers of God c. full proof there is that we must be under the authoritie of Rulers that is under their Legall Commands not one word of being at the dispose of their illegall wills The word used there is {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} derived ab {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} licet to shew as one observes that the Text bindes subjects to obey Superiours not ablibitum but ablicitum not to obey their lawlesse lusts and wills but their lawfull authority without resisting And surely it were strange that if God had laid this yoke of subjection to the illegall will of Rulers that neither the Jewes under their Kings nor under Antiochus nor the Churches of Christ nor the primitive Churches after once their religion and liberties were established by Laws nor any of the Reformed Churches have took themselves concluded under it which of all the Reformed Churches have not by their practice manifested that religion bindes them not to give their throats to be cut or their liberties and states to be spoiled at the meer will of their Princes and their Instruments contrary to their own Laws and Edicts Were not the Lutheran Churches put to it and defended themselves against the Emperour Charles the fifth when the Smalchaldian confederacie was entring Did not both the Divines and Lawyers being consulted with agree that the inferiour Magistrates might at some time resist the Superiour Have not the States and Churches of the Netherlands done the like constantly against the King of Spain the Protestants in France against their Kings How often and how lately have our brethren in Scotland done the same And although since the Reformation England was never put to it untill these unhappy differences yet how constantly have our most learned Divines Bishops as well as others defended by their Pens and our Princes and States

from which none may appeal and consequently against which there is no resistance So that if men would read this Text of the thirteenth to the Romans in plaine English it amounts directly to thus much Let everie soul in England be subject to King and Parliament for they are the higher powers ordained unto you of God whosoever therefore resisteth King and Parliament resisteth the Ordinance of God and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation I would desire no other Text but this to confound the great Chaplains and Champions of the Antiparliamentary cause or to strike terrour into their Loynes if their long conversing with God-dammee's hath not drawn such a Kawl over their hearts that to them damnation is ridiculous Object 3. But doth not Saint Peter say expresly the King is Supreme 1 Pet. 2. 12. Answ 1. It may as well be translated Superiour as Supreme the same word in the 13 of the Romans is translated Superiour higher not highest 2. It is plain the Apostle is not there constituting Governments but giving direction to people to obey the Government they lived under and the Text hath as much strength to enforce subjection to Aristocracie as to Monarchy If the people of Pontus Asia Cappadocia Bithynia were under an absolute Monarchy as sometimes they were being petty Kingdoms crumbled out of the great Monarchy of Alexander and it may be did retain yet the same forme of Government if not of their own yet as lately received from the Romans all that can be enforced from thence is That the Apostle names the Kings of those particular Countries to be such as they were and commands subjection to them but no wayes tyes other Kingdoms to be like unto them Object 4. But we in England by our oaths do acknowledge the King to be Supreme Answ 1. We willingly grant Him to be Supreme to judge all persons in all causes according to His Laws and the established Orders of the Kingdom but not at or by His absolute will or pleasure 2. Whoever considers the title scope and words both of the Oath and the Act of Parliament that enjoynes it will easily see that both the Act and Oath were intended in opposition to that Supremacie which the Pope sometimes challenged and usurped in this Kingdom of England and no more And this to be the true intent and meaning of it appears more fully by that explication or limitation of the Oath made the next Parliament 5. Eliz. Wherein it is declared That that Oath made 1. Eliz. shall be taken and expounded in such form as it is set forth in an admonition added to the Queens Injunctions published Anno 1. of Her Raign viz. To confesse or acknowledge in Her Her Heirs and Successors no other Authority then that which was challenged and lately used by King Henry the eighth and Edward the sixth And by this time you may see how little offensive these two so much boasted Texts are to our defensive Arms Other places of Scriptures the adversaries seem not much to confide in therefore I will passe them over the more briefly yet let us a little consider of them Matth. 26. 52. They that take the sword shall perish with the sword Where Christ seems to rebuke Peter for using defensive Arms against the Officers that came with a pretext of authority to apprehend Christ Answ 1. This is not a reproof of the sword taken for just defence but of the sword taken for unjust oppression and a comfort to those that ●…re oppressed by it for Origen Theophylact Titus Euthimius interp●●● the meaning to be That Christ doth not rebuke Peter for using defensive Arms but to let Peter know that he need not snatch Gods Work out of his hand for God would in due time punish those with the sword that came thus with the sword against him and that these words are a Prophesie of the punishment which the Roman sword should enact of the bloudy Jewish Nation according with the like expression Revel. 13. 10. He that kills with the sword must be killed with the sword here is the patience and faith of the Saints that is This may comfort the Saints in their persecutions that God will take vengeance for them But Secondly Suppose it was a reproof of Peters using the sword then the plain meaning is to condemn Peters rashnesse who drew his sword and never staid to know his Masters minde whether he should strike or not and so reproves those who rashly unlawfully or doubtingly use the sword Adde this That now was the hour come of Christs suffering and not of his Apostles fighting wherein Christ would not be rescued no not by twelve Legions of Angels much lesse then by the sword of man Therefore he saith to Peter put up thy sword c. But intended not that it should alwayes be unlawfull for his people to use the sword in their just defence against unjust violence for then he would never have commanded them but a little before that he that hath two Coats let him sell one and buy a sword Eccles. 8. 2. c. I counsell thee to keep the Kings Commandment c. He doth whatever he pleaseth c. Where the word of a King is there is power and who may say to him what dost thou Answ 1. No man can understand it literally in all things as if every Commandment of the King must be kept as if no actions of the King might be scanned nor reproved by any man as the Canonists say of the Pope That if he lead thousands to hell none may say why dost thou so Surely if Saul command to murder the Lords Priests that commandment need not be kept If David lie with his neighbors wife Nathan may say why dost thou so If Ahab murder Naboth and swallow his Inheritance worship Baal persecute and kill the Prophets of the Lord Elijah may reprove him notwithstanding this Text Who can say unto him what dost thou Secondly The Text plainly enough interprets it self Keep the Kings Commandment according to the Oath of God stand not in an evill thing against him he hath power to do what ever he will Siscelus patraveris effugere non poteris If you commit evill you cannot escape punishment where the word of a King is there is power viz. To punish them that do evill and none to call him to account for doing it and who can say unto him what dost thou Another Text is Prov. 8. 15. By me Kings raign c. Whence they plead That because Kings and Princes receive their authority only from God and the people at the utmost only designe the Person but give him none of his power therefore they may in no case take away his power from him Answ 1. It saith no more of Kings then of Nobles Senators and all other Judges of the earth for it follows By me Princes rule and Nobles even all the

want not examples of such defence in the Primitive times when once Religion was establisht by Edict of the Romane Empire and Licinius the Emperour of the East legum violator maximus contrary to Law and his Covenant would persecute the Christians they defended themselves by Arms and Constantine the great joyned with them And as Eusebius saith held it his dutie infinitum hominum genus paucis nefariis hominibus tanquam quibusdam corruptelis è medio sublatis in columes servare To deliver an infinite multitude of men by cutting off a few wicked ones as the pests and plagues of the time The Christians living under the Persian King and wronged by him sought for help from the Romane Emperour Theodosius and were assisted by him and when the King of Persia complained that Theodosius should meddle in a●fairs of his Kingdom Theodosius answered that he did not onely protect them because they were suppliants but was ready to defend them and no way to see them suffer for Religion it being the same with their own It seems they thought it as lawfull to help an innocent people against the oppressions of their own Prince as for one neighbour to succour another against theeves and robbers The Macedonians obtained of the Emperour Constantius four thousand armed men to help them drive out the Novatians from Paphlagonia the Orthodox assisted the Novatians against the unjust violence and were armed falcibus clavis securibus with sithes clubs and hatchets and cut off almost all the Souldiers and many of the Paphlagonians At Constantinople the Orthodox defended Paulus his Election against Macedonius and his abettors though assisted with the Militarie Forces and the Historian blames them onely for killing the Commander Hermogenes Justina Valentinianus mother infected with Arianisme commanded to banish Ambrose but the people resisted and for a while defeated the plot of them who would have sent Ambrose into banishment The inhabitants of Armenia the greater professing the Christian Faith were abused by the Persians among whom they lived especially for their Religion they entred into a league with the Romanes for their safetie You see here are some examples where the ancient Christians used defensive Arms and I doubt not but such as are well read in the stories of those times might produce many more But there is one Doctour who goes about to prove by reason that oppressed Subjects should not defend themselves against their Princes though bent to subvert Religion Laws and Liberties because forsooth such resistance tends to the dissolution of Order and Government that is to disable Princes from subverting Religion Law and Liberty which is the very dissolution of all Order and Government tends to the dissolution of all Order and Government as if hindring a man from pulling down his house were the pulling down the house As if the hindring the Pilot from dashing the Ship against the rock tended to dash the Ship against the rock If any man else see any colour of reason in this reason I desire them to make it appear for for my part I can see none And indeed the case is so cleer that most of them who cry down defensive Arms though they use such Scriptures and Arguments to work upon the consciences of people yet when they come to dispute it will hardly endure to have the Question rightly stated as being unwilling to dash against the rock of most learned Divines whether Protestants or Papists and I think of almost all Politicians but fall to discusse matters of fact charging the Parliament with invading the Kings just Prerogative usurping an exorbitant power and authority c. yea His Majestie in all his Declarations insists onely upon this never suggesting that in Conscience they are prohibited to defend themselves in case he should violently invade their Liberties yea expresly grants that there is power sufficient legally placed in the Parliament to prevent Tyrannie And therefore now I leave the case of Divinitie and shall more briefly give you an account what satisfied me in the second I mean matter of fact that His Majestie being seduced by wicked councell did leavie war against the Parliament My great evidence was the Parliament judged so the judgement of a Parliament of England was never questioned till now by a people of England all Patents Charters Commissions Grants Proclamations and Writs of the Kings of England receive their judgement and are often repealed and made null by a Parliament all controversies betwixt the King and Subject receive their finall determination in the Parliament the judgements of all other Courts are ratified or nullified by a Parliament I have heard some wise men say that a Parliament in England like Pauls spirituall man judgeth all and it self is judged of none and therefore if I should give you no other account of my entring upon my Office in the Armie which was not to fight nor meddle in the Councell of War but onely to teach them how to behave themselves according to the Word that God might be with them should I I say give no other account but the determination of that wise assembly I should be acquitted by indifferent men But although I had learned that no dishonourable thing should be imagined of that Honourable Assembly yet I held it my dutie not to yeeld blinde obedience or go by an implicite Faith but search whether the things were so and the rather because both sides have appealed to heaven to that God who no doubt in due time will clear the righteous cause And upon my search these things were quickly apparent It was very cleare that the persons too much prevailing with His Majesty had long before this Parliament a designe for overthrowing our Lawes enslaving our Liberties and altering our Religion and it had so far prevailed that we were tantùm non swallowed up and when through the good Providence of God this Parliament was called and many hopes conceived that now his Majesty seeing the mischiefe of adhering to such ill Counsellors would for the time to come be wholly guided by the great Councell of his Kingdome alas it soone appeared that the same kinde of Counsellors were still most prevayling insomuch that soone after the pacification with Scotland the Northerne Army should have beene brought up to London as appeares by the very Oaths of some who should have acted it a thing then thought so pernicious that not onely the chiefe actors fled beyond the Seas but many reall Courtiers earnestly solicited their friends in both Houses that this our in excusable error might be passed over and now to begin upon a new score But that which made me the more suspect their prevailing with his Majesty was that the horrid Rebellion broken out in Ireland the Rebels pretending His Majesties and the Queens Commission for their warrant it was at least three moneths after before they were proclaimed Traytors and when it was done no Copies of the Proclamations to be got

for love or money whereas when the Scots were proclaimed Rebels and Traytors it must speedily be published in all the Churches of England I must acknowledge this made me to think that the Parliament had just cause to be jealous of great danger But when His Majesty returned from Scotland discharged the guard which the Parliament had set for their owne safety an other denied except under the charge of the Queenes Chamber-lain and His Majesty himselfe entertained divers Captaines as a supernumerary guard at Whitehall went to the House of Commons after that manner to demand the five members to be delivered unto Him The Earle of Newcastle now Generall of the Armie of Papists in the North sent to Hull attempting to seize it and the Magazine there His Majesty according to the Lord Digbies Letters retiring from the Parliament to a place of strength and the Queene going beyond Sea to rayse a party there I must have shut my eyes if I had not seene danger and thousands of thousands would have thought he Parliament altogether sencelesse if they had not importuned His Majesty as they did to settle the Militia all former settlings of it by Commissions of Lievtenancy being confessedly voyd His Majesty refusing this in that manner as they thought necessary for security they Voted the putting of it into the hands of persons whom they thought the State might confide in though alas many of them since have discovered to us how vaine is our hope in man And secured the Town of Hull and the Magazine there soone after this His Majesty in the North seised New-Castle and under the name of a guard begun to raise an Army all this was done before the Parliament Voted that His Majesty seduced by wicked councell c. And when His Majesties Army was more encreased hee then declared that hee was resolved by strength to recover Hull and the magazine and to suppresse the Militia After this indeed the Parliament began to make vigorous preparations by their propositions for Plate Money Horse c. This being the true progresse and state of the busines I saw cleerly all along the Kingdome and Parliament were in danger that it was therefore necessary to have the Militia and Navy in safe hands which His Majesty also acknowledged That he refused to settle it for a time in the way they conceived necessary and that by the judgement of both Houses when they were full they had power by the fundamentall Lawes of the Kingdome to settle it especially for a time upon His Majesties refusall That His Majesty raysed force and declared it was to suppresse the Militia and recover Hull and the magazine is as cleare and made pregnant preparations both at home and beyond the Seas And the civill Lawyers say that pregnant preparations are the beginning of a War The onely Question remaining was whether the Parliament did justly in ordering the Militia and securing the Magazine and Navy in a confessed time of danger upon such His Majesties refusall What the Kings power and prerogative and what the Parliaments power was for securing the Militia in time of danger according to the Lawes of England was out of my profession and in great part above my skill But certainly unlesse I was bound rather to believe the Votes of the Papists and other Delinquents about his Majesty who hitherto had prevailed to bring upon us all the miseries that wee have laine under then the Votes and Judgements of the highest Court of Judicature in England which so far as I have heard was never by Common Law or Statute Law presumed to be guilty of or charged with the overthrow of the Kings prerogative or the Lawes and Liberties of the Subjects untill now and who have given us so much evidence of their wisdome watchfulnesse and faithfulnesse I was bound to be concluded under their Testimony and so consequently that His Majesty was seduced c. And surely if men who serve upon Justice betweene Prince and People party and party in matters of life or State may rest in the resolution of the learned Iudges that this or that is Law when themselves know it not well might I rest in the judgement and resolution of that Court which is the Iudge of all the Iudicatures in the Land And in case I were unsatisfied to whom should I appeale in whose judgement I might more safely rest especially when I saw their Vote agreeable to that which is the supreame Law of all Nations namely that Publique safety is the highest and deepest Law and that it is requisite that every State have a power in time of danger to preserve it selfe from ruine and no Law of England more known then that the Parliament is the highest Court from whence there is no appeale This satisfaction I had then and since by the Declarations and Remonstrances of the Parliament concerning these Military matters and by other Bookes lately published it is most apparent that they have not usurped upon His Majesties Prerogative but what they have done is agreeable to the practise of former Parliaments In putting the Militia Forts and Navy into safe hands in these times of danger And that it was therefore lawfull for them yea necessary to take up these defensive Armes and consequently to call in for supply from all such who should share with them in the benefit of preservation and to disable such from hurting them who were contrary minded I spend no time to answer the Objections that some make that His Majesty could not tarry at LONDON with safety of His Person that the Lords and Commons that are with Him were driven away by popular Tumults and could not enjoy freedome of their Votes c. Because I thinke these things are now believed by none but such as would believe no good of the Parliament though one should rise from the dead againe Thus Sir you have a just account of the grounds that first induced mee to owne this Cause you desire to know whether I see not yet reason to repent of what I have done I confesse I never undertooke any thing but I saw cause to repent of my miscariage through the corruption which cleaves to mee and great cause I have to bewaile my many failings in this great Worke but for the Worke it selfe I as solemnely professe I never saw cause to repent of my appearing in it the Cause is a right Cause the Cause of God my call to it a cleare call and though the Worke prove harder and longer then at first it was thought yet the Cause is farre clearer then at the first The Worke indeed is harder then I expected for whoever could have believed he should have seen in England so many Lords and Commons even after their solemne Protestation to defend the Priviledge of Parliament And their own Vote that His Majesty seduced by wicked councell intended War against the Parliament so shamefully to betray the trust committed to them so many of the Protestant

Profession joyning with an Army of Papists under pretence of mantaining the Protestant Religion against a Protestant Parliament to fight themselves into popery so many unworthy Gentlemen fight to destroy a Parliament and thereby fight themselves and posterity into slavery so many Papists in Armes contrary to so many knowne Lawer and armed with Commission to disarme Protestants contrary to their knowne Liberties and the Protestants who exceed their number an hundred fold not to rise as one man to subdue them And who would have believed that he should have seen after all this an Army raysed by the Parliament in such an extremity for such an end having hazzarded their lives undergon all these hardships performed all these services and whose untimely disbanding may prove our irrecoverable ruine strai●…ed for want of pay while England is worth a groate Behold regard and wonder marvelously I relate a thing which many will not believe though it be told unto them Hab. 1. 5. But though the Worke be harder the case is still clearer both in regard of the intentions of the Parliament and also of their adversaries For the Parliament multitudes would not believe but that they had further aimes then their own and the publique safety that they intended it not to depose His Majesty yet by force of Armes to compell him to that which is not fit for a King to yeild to But now by their frequent petitioning of His Majesty especially by the reasonablenesse of their late Propositions and Instructions wherein they desire a present disbanding of all Armes even before any other bills were past and were willing to have the Ports Forts and Sh●●s c Of the Kingdome resigned up into His Majesties hands provided onely that in these times of danger they might Pro bac vice be put into the hands of such as the State might confide in The sincerity of their intentions are now so plaine that I think Malignity it self cannot but be convinced of them And the intentions of the contrary councells are as plaine their mask now falling off and their designe more then ever discovered to be the overthrow of Parliament liberty Lawes and Religion For at first we had Declarations to preserve all the just priviledges of Parliament but now we see men proclaimed Traytors for executing the Commands of the two Houses and the two Houses themselves if not in direct yet in equivalent tearmes proclaimed Traytors yea denyed to be a Parliament because His Majesty withdrawes himselfe and after multitudes of Petitions refuses to returne and because many of their Members have deserted them and are protected by His Majesty from the Houses who have sent for them Yea they are required to recall their Votes as illegall and that such as they have fined and imprisoned may bring their Habeas Corpus to be tried in an inferiour Court Yea people provoked to scorne them and thereupon multitudes not fearing to trample upon and cast as vile scorne and contemptunjustly upon that thrice-honorable Court as ever was cast justly upon the Commissaries Courts We have heretofore been assured that the knowne Lawes of the Land should be the onely rule of government but to name no other instances now we see the Commission of Array to be justified to be Law which the Parliament hath not only declared but demonstrated and the Countries where ever it hath prevailed found to be the utter destruction of all the Lawes made for the Subjects liberty Heretofore Proclamations were put out that no Papists should be entertained into His Majesties Army because the resolution was to maintaine the Protestant Religion But now we see them armed and armed with Commission and Protestant Doctors in their writings justifying it and being armed dare professe their Religion publiquely set up their masse in the second City of the Kingdome cutting 〈◊〉 pieces and burning Bibles and as multitudes of reports come from beyond the Seas and the supplies that come from thence confirme it all the Papists in Christendome contributing to this War as to the Catholique cause Heretofore the Liberty of the Subject seemed to be stood for yea defended against the Parliament as if it were possible the representative body should enslave it selfe and in the meane time while these things are promised hundreds yea thousands of his Majesties Subjects plundred with His Majesties Proclamations against plundering in the hands of diverse of the plunderers And their persons led away in Ropes and Chaines like Turkish Gallyslaves and many cast into Prisons and Dungeons only for detending themselves against robbers and murderers abusing His Majesties Name where their Jaylours use them worse then the Turkes doe their Christian slaves or one that hath any thing of man in him could use a dog And when all these things are now done the Parliament not only sitting but having so much strength in the Field what can we expect when these men have prevailed when at the putting on of their harnesse their usuall language is nothing but blasphemy against God not to be mentioned and against His people calling all that adhere to his and the Kingdoms Cause Parliament dogs and Parliament rogues what language will you expect to heare if once they come triumphantly to put it off If while the event is uncertaine they cut us out such kinde of Lawes Liberties and Parliament-priviledges as these are if God for our sinnes sell us into their hands thinke if you can what Lawes Liberties and Parliament-priviledges our posteritie shall finde Recorded in our bloud for our selves alas who shall live when God doth this nay who would desire to live I would rather with holy Austin make it my humble suite to that God whose are the issues of life and death that he would rather take mee from the Earth then let mee live to see His deare Church and my native Countrey delivered into the hands of such Blasphemous and barbarous Men So that in stead of repenting and withdrawing from the Worke I could wish that my voyce were able to reach into every corner of the Kingdome and that I could awaken all people to see the danger and misery that is flowing in upon them That every soule might be quickened up to make his owne and helpe to make Englands bleeding dying Englands peace with God and every one who hath any interest in Heaven to cry mightily unto that God in whose hand the hearts of Kings are and who rules in the Kingdomes of men that the power of our God might be great towards us in turning away these imminent calamities and turning the heart of our King towards His great and faithfull Councell and rescuing Him out of the hands of this Generation of men who delight in blood Our God hath nor yet sayd pray not for this people but if the Lord say he hath no delight in us Righteous art thou O Lord and just are all thy judgements onely let us not be accessary to our own destruction and the destruction of so flourishing a

Judges of the Earth Secondly Although no such thing is in the Text That the people give no power to the Magistrate yet we will suppose it to be true what then will follow more then this That although they may not take from the Magistrate that power which God hath given him yet they may defend themselves against such unjust violences as God never gave the Magistrate power to commit A woman hath power to designe the person of her husband to her self but the authority of a husband is from God now though the wife may not take away the husbands just authority she may defend her self against oppression and injury Some alleadge Gods judgement upon the two hundred and fifty Princes Numb. 16. Answ. They were Rebells against their lawfull Governours ruling exactly according to the expresse will of God and may all those perish with them who will plead for such as they are Others alleadge 1 Sam. 8. 11. Where the people are let to understand how they shall be oppressed by their Kings yet for all that have no just cause of resistance for they shall have no other remedy left them but preces lachrimae crying to the Lord Vers 8. Answ. But saith the Text so Let us read the words a little and you shall cry out in that day because of the King which you have chosen and the Lord shall not hear in that day Is this to say they have no just cause of resistance nor no remedy left but complaining indeed if the Holy Ghost had said you shall not resist nor fight for your liberties c. There had been some shew of reason for such a deduction as some would extort from them but yet even then why might not the words have been a prediction of the curse of God upon the people giving them up to such a base degenerate ignoble spirit that they shall have no heart to stand up in the defence of their liberties and lives rather then a prohibition of such resistance The Lord foretells the people Ezek. 24. 21. Of calamitous times in which he tells them Vers 24 That they should not mourn or weep Will any man interpret this as if God made it unlawfull for them to mourn or to weep or was it not rather a prediction of their stupidity of spirit when they should pine away under these calamities so Jere. 27. God said they should put their necks under the yoke of the Kings of Babylon Will any man thence gather That other People are bound to put their necks under the yoke of a forraign enemy invading them In one word the plain meaning is That this people should dearly rue it for casting off the form of Government which God had chosen for them and when they should mourn under their own choice God would not take the yoke from off their necks and so it is a threatning of a judgement not an imposition of a dutie But David durst not lift up his hand against the Lords Anointed though he did tyrannically persecute him yea though it were sometimes in his power to have killed him Answ. No man pleads that any David should kill the Lords Anointed yet he may defend himself against his unjust violence as David here did Object But if they may not kill him who can be secured That in a battle as at Keynton field his bullet may not hit the Lords Anointed Answ. Is this their fault who have so often Petitioned His Majesty to withdraw Himself from such dangerous wayes as both the Parliament and his Excellencie hath done if their Petitions would have been received or rather theirs Who the worse subjects they and the more accursed they have led Him into these unnaturall Warres and do in a manner inforce His presence in them did they bear that affection to His Majestie as they pretend They would with Davids men Swear thou shalt no more go out with us to battle least thou quench the light of Israel 2 Sam. 21. 17. We have heard much of the Cavaliers swearing but I never yet heard that one of them had the honesty to swear this nay they are wronged in reports if some of them have not sworn the contrary Object But David would not fight against him Answ. Indeed he never did fight against him because his numbers never were considerable till towards the last but he would have fortified the City of Keilah against him and it had been a strange madnesse to have had 600 men with him if his conscience would have suffered him to have done nothing but flee sure one might more easily be hid then 600. But there is a plain Text assuring us that David and his men would have done more then run up and down if occasion had served 1 Chron. 12. 16. and so forward When divers of the children of Judah and Benjamin came to joyn with him David went out to meet them and said If ye be come to help me c. But if ye come to betray me to my enemies I being innocent the God of our fathers look upon it and rebuke it Now mark their answer the spirit came upon Amasa the chief Captain and he said Thine are we David and of thy side peace be to thee and peace to thy helpers then David received them and made them Captains of the band Can any man imagine their meaning was to run up and down the Countries with him if they were able to cope with any number that Saul should bring or send against them especially adding this to it That they fell to him from the severall Tribes day by day till his host was like an host of God Now by these mens arguiment if Davids host had been fourty thousand and Saul come against him but with five or six hundred they must all have fled from him and not have put it to a battell Credat Judaeus Appella non ego Object But the Fathers of the Primitive times knew no defence but preces lachrymae in all their unjust sufferings Answ 1. It follows not because they knew it not therefore we cannot know it there might be speciall reasons of Gods dispensations towards them 2. Their Liberties and Religion were not established by Law and this was the cause saith Abbot Bishop of Salisbury why the Christians in the Primitive times before their Religion was established by Law caedebantur non caedebant would rather be killed then kill But after the times of Constantine when Religion was established they shook off the yoke of persecution from the Church caedebant non caedebantur they did kill rather then be killed 3. Where did any of the Fathers ever oppose this opinion and condemn this practise that is declaring it unlawfull especially for a representative body to defend themselves against the unjust violence of their misled Princes I beleeve if any such testimonies were to be found the Parliament should have heard of them before this time 4. We