unchangeable in all times ages and places by any the sons of men Which positions stand poynt blanck against the Articles of our Religion against the power of our Lawes By the twentieth Article we professe positively h Rogers fol 98. That the Church hath power to decree Rites or Ceremonies fol. 211. By the 37. Article we declare That the Kings Majesty hath chief power in his Dominions that it is a prerogative given to all godly princes in holy Scriptures by God himselfe that is that they should rule all Estates and Degrees committed to their charge by God whether they be Ecclesiasticall or Temporall and restraine with the Civill sword the stubborne and evill doers Hereupon we lay the foundation of that Oath of supremacy ratified by our Lawes And such superiority i Statute Anno 1 Eliz. cap. 1. in the visitation of the Ecclesiasticall state reformation order and correction of the same and of all manner of errours heresies Schismes abuses offences contempts and enormities whatsoever is by the authority of Parliament united and annexed to the Imperiall Crowne of the Realme 25 Id. 8. And our Laws restrain the Clergie from making any Constitutions or Lawes without the Kings consent in opposition whereof saies one of them Admonition to the Parliament 2. No civil Magistrate hath such authoritie as that with out his consent it should not be lawfull for Ecclesiastical persons to make any Church order or Ceremony Which Rules if we shall make the touchstone of such new Doctrines we shall finde them upon nearer tearmes of reconciliation with the papist than the protestant The papist sayes Answ to the execut of Iustice d. 3. p. 56. The Emperor of the whole world if he take upon him to prescribe Lawes of Religion to the Bishops and Priests he shall be damned assuredly except he repent The making of Ecclesiastical Constitutions and Ceremonies belongeth unto the Ministers of the Church l T. C. Reply 1. p. 153. Admonition to the Parliament and Ecclesiasticall Governours unto the Elders who are to consult admonish correct and order all things pertaining to the Congregation Nor want they some false glosses of Scripture to varnish over this pretended Iurisdiction above Lawes but they plead obedience to the commands of disobedience which they inferre from that of St. Paul to the Galatians m Galatians 5.1 Standfast in the libertie wherewith Christ hath set you free Which though it bee plainly evident in the Text it selfe that by this freedome the Apostle intended freedome from the Law of Circumcision in the next verse saying I Paul say unto you n Galatians 5.2.3 4 5. that if you bee circumcised Christ shall profit you nothing for every man that is circumcised is a debtor to the whole Law and that Christ is become of no effect unto you whosoever of you are justified by the Law yee are fallen from Grace For we through the spirit wait for the hope of righteousnesse by faith Yet hence doe they ground their strong plea for exemption from all Authority as if it were an evidence of their faith to shake off the yoke of all Law From such another place in the Revelations by leaving out part of the verse To you I say as many as have not this Doctrine o Revel 2.24 and which have not knowne the depths of Sathan and taking onely the latter part Verse 25. I will put upon you none other burthen but that which you have already hold fast till I come They doe extort a construction fit to bee delivered in no other words but their owne who say this is p Sions plo 283. A most pregnant place against subjecting of our selves to any power or religious practice how specious and spangled with depth of devillish learning soever it be Having thus pleaded priviledge over some crie out mainly against Law and authority sayes one of them Impietie is suffered to beare sway against the Majestie of God q Supplication p. 59. Ibid. pag. 24. and that by Law and Authoritie And that such Lawes are retained in force as justle and overthrow the Royall prerogative of the Sonne of God But perhaps this exclamation is onely against such Lawes as support the prelates the enemies of presbyterie No they must have no Lawes to limit them r Epistle before the Demonstration B. 4. Bancroft fol. 55. As great indignitie is offered unto Iesus Christ sayes one in committing his Church to the government of the Common Law as can be by meane hirelings unto a King in committing his beloved Spouse unto the direction of the Mistresse of the Stewes and enforcing her to live after the lawes of a Brothell-house SECT 13. The inordinate violence of the Presbyterians FRom these principles doe such lawlesse Disciplinarians prosecute their designe with such spirit that nor King Nobles Magistrates Lawes nor any thing must stand in their way Å¿ Sions plea fol. 340. Aut hoc aut nihil is their Ensigne They who hinder discipline say they bring the State at length to an extremely desperate point Fol. 244. None but enemies to Christ are enemies to this government And as against enemies they proceed indeed t Sions plea fol. 240. Strike neither at great nor small but at these troublers of Israel smite that Hazael in the fifth rib yea if father or mother stand in the way away with them downe with the colours of the Dragon Fol. 200. advance the standard of Christ Not the white flag of truce but the red flag of destruction whose embleme was never by any Father till now writ in such bloudy characters u The title page to Sions plea And Christ on his Throne Those mine enemies which would not that I should reigne over them bring hither and slay them before me This till advanced by the new Standard-bea-bearer was never writ in the banner of that Lamb of peace these were none of those trophies I read of in the glorious throne in the Revelation When w Revel 5.6 in the middest of the throne and of the foure Beasts and in the middest of the Elders stood a Lamb as it had beene slaine not like a destroyer To whom the foure Beasts Verse 8. and foure and twentie Elders fell downe before the Lamb Verse 9. And sung a new song saying Thou art worthy to take the booke and to open the seales thereof for thou wast slaine and hast redeemed us to God by thy bloud It was to this Sacrifice Verse 11. not Sacrificer That the many Angels about the Throne and the Beasts and the Elders to the number of ten thousand times ten thousand and thousands of thousands cryed with a lowd voyce Verse 12. Worthy is the Lamb that was slaine Nor were any of that scarlet liverie in his retinue x Revel 7.9 For loe a great multitude which no man could number of all nations and kinreds and people and tongues stood
before the Throne and before the Lamb cloathed with white robes and palmes in their hands which came out of great tribulation and had washed their robes Verse 14. and made them white in the bloud of the Lamb. But such as these think their dye is not deepe enough they must yet strike the Basilike veine y Sions plea 262. Gibson threatned King Iames that as Ieroboam he should be rooted out and conclude his race if he maintained Bishops Bancroft fol. 28. Nothing but this say they will cure the pleurisie of our State By which what fountaine of bloud they meane is fitter for the exposition of a Jesuite z Carolus Scriban Erratum valde fuisse in festo Barthol quòd secta non fuerit vena basilica id est quod percitum fuit regi Navarrae principi condensi than the enquiry of a Protestant Onely the torrent of such spirits is observable if not formidable who check at no power Well may the all-reaching arme of a Parliament assist but they hold it cannot stay their course * Sions plea 155. If the Hierarchy be not removed and the Scepter of Christs kingdome namely his owne discipline be advanced there can be no healing of the sore The Parliament may remove all state grievances in repairing wrongs censuring misdemeanours c. All which are to be done Sions plea 156. but the former is not to be left undone As God hath not blest any Parliamentary endevours because as we take it say they they went not this way to work so it is likely he will not be with you now if you go not this way to work Some were a little freer languag'd against the Parliament a Supplicat pag. 25. Bancroft fol. 50. 29. Eliz. That if they did not abrogate the government of Bishops they should betray God the truth and betray the whole kingdome But this is but gentle admonition if faire words will prevaile it is well if not they will doe it perforce b Unlawfulnesse of unlimited Prelacie fol. 12. Though the Parliament be for Bishops sayes one of them yet all the godly and religious will be against them And it is now become the language of the pulpit that if the Parliament will not releeve them c Eaton in his Sermon at Chester yet they shall stick fast together to maintaine their cause which is Christs cause Herein following the counsell of their Predecessâ—urs d Bancroft fol. 169. That if the brethren cannot obtaine their wils by suit nor dispute the multitude and people must work the feat Thus built upon the authoritie of one of their ancient Ring-leaders who tels them e Knox to the Communaltie fol. 49 50. Reformation of Religion belongs to the Communaltie The which carrying some Species of libertie in it they seeke to confirme that popular ambition by cherishing in them an opinion of a right in the power of the keyes as belonging f Eatons positions annexed 9. neither to the Pastour nor Governours but to the whole Congregation and to everie particular member thereof and Christ having committed them to everie one would of everie one demand an accompt A dangerous doctrine if once grounded in vulgar apprehensions These possest with an opinion of an equall interest in the power of the keyes of the Church which they know how to manage will much more plausibly embrace the suggestions of a paritie in the sway of the State as better suting with their capacities It will bee somewhat difficult to possesse the common people A Priest stirred up rebellion in King Richard the seconds rime with this argument that we are all sprung from the Tribe of Levi But the old seditious argument will be obvious to them That wee are all the sons of Adam borne free some of them say the Gospell hath made them free And Law once subverted it will appeare good equitie to such Chancellours to share the earth equally They will plead Scripture for it that wee should all Genesis 3.19 live by the sweat of our browes They will tell us that in Aegypt we were all fellow Brick-makers And it is no noveltie in the stories of this State That such Artificers have levelled the palaces of Nobles and squared out the dimensions of the Gentrie and Law-Givers according to the rule of their reason The emptie name of libertie blowne into vulgar eares hath over-turned many States how much more prevalent and dangerous must it bee when enforced as a religious dutie to disobey authoritie We know Saint Pauls precept is h Romans 13 1 2. Let everie soule be subject to the higher powers they that resist receive damnation And certainly since his time never any age till now brought forth such desperate Anti-Apostles as I may not improperly call them in absolute opposition to the rule of the Apostle i Eatons Position 9. To conjure men in their pulpits as they will answer it at the dreadfull day of judgement not to submit to any authoritie whatsoever And in defiance and contempt of our Lawes still in force which exact the deprivation of everie Ecclesiastique k Stat. 1 Eliz. cap. 2. the confiscation of the goods and chattels and imprisonment during life of every Laick that shall wilfully deprave the Liturgie established by Law in their petition to stile it l Freholders Petition Note 8. The English refined Masse-booke of Common Prayer In their pulpits to preach it m Eatons Position Note 10. sin to be present at reading of a prayer out of a booke by Minister or any other In print to publish that it is absolutely n 8 Propositions in print p. 1. sinful and unlawful to hear any Minister preach in the Church of England and the Assemblies thereof And seeing these are seconded by the frequent and publique venring of scandalous invective and libellous pamphlets full of seditious doctrines implying an absolute abnegation of the Kings supremacie * Volumes of Paraphlets That the Church is independant and must have all her officers and Lawes within her self which is to denie the Ecclesiasticall Law which Sir Ed. Cook says whosoever shall enie he denyeth that the King hath full power to deliver Iustice in all causes to all his subiects and withdrawing the people from their due allegeance exciting them to disobedience To me such bold violation and uncontrolled contempt of Lawes sitting the Law-Makers appeares formidable Omnia cum liceant non licet esse bonum I consider the Nobilitie and Gentrie of this Isle this nurserie of honour situate as the Low Countries in a flat under the banks and bounds of the Lawes secured from the inundations of that Ocean the Vulgar which by the breach of those bounds would quickly overwhelme us and deface all distinctions of degrees or persons and cannot but with admiration observe that Sampson like in their full strength but as blind with inconsiderate zeale as he by treacherie any such should lay hold
ferocemque Tyrannum coli voluerit non alia ratione nisi quia regnum obtinebat Calvin Institut l. 4. cap. 20. Art 27. we see what obedience the Lord will have given to this wicked and fierce Tyrant for no other reason but because he was a King With whose counsell his successor Beza * Beza Epist 24. 2d peregri Eccl. in Anglia fratres well agrees Illud solis precibus patientiâ sanari potest The Triacle against this venome is Prayer not Vengeance We must be subject for Conscience sake q Rom. 13.5 Hence it is deduc'd and incorporated into an Article of our Religion r Article 37. That the Kings Majestie hath the chiefe Government of all estates Ecclesiasticall and Civill in all causes within his Dominions Which is not the sole position of our Church But with this agree all the Reformed Churches Å¿ Helverian Art 16. Bazil Art 7. Bohem. Art 16. Belg. Art 36. August Art 16. Saxon. Art 23. And more particularly the French Church whose Article of Religion is t Moulins Buckler of Faith Art 40. fo 535. Wee must not onely endure and suffer Superiors to Governe but also wee must honour and obey them with all reverence holding them for Gods Lieutenants and Officers whom he hath appoynted to exercise a Lawfull and an Holy charge we must obey their Lawes and Statutes pay all Tributes and Imposts bear the yoke of Subjection with a good and free will although they be Infidels Therefore we detest those that would reject Superioritie and establish community of goods and overthrow all course of Justice But yet perhaps the policy of States have found this Supreame power prejudiciall to the good of Common-wealths and the Lawes of God must give way to the Lawes of Nations since Salus populi Suprema Lex Gregor Tholosan Syntag jurum l. 47. ca. 17. N. 1. But experience tells us the Romans were quickly wearie of their change of Government from a King to a Senate and in nine yeares reduc't it to a Dictator finding by experience that commands depending upon divers votes beget distraction and Ruine And Historie informes us that the Spartan State wherein The King the Nobilitie and the people had their just proportions of power administration of Iustice and obedience subsisted above eight hundred yeares in a happy and flourishing Condition whereas Athens being a popular State scarce stood out an age The nearest degree of government to a Monarchy being ever longest lived and most glorious most safe for the people as was seen in Rome when the Commons to suppresse the power of the Nobilitie in the Consulls created the Tribunes of the people who sharing in government would share in honours and fortunes too which occasioned the Agrarian Law Titus Livius That no Citizen should have above five hundred Acres of Land and that the people should share equally in all Conquests This bred the quarrell of Sylla and Marius continued in Caesar and Pompey and ended in the ruine of Rome From these observations Tacitus drawes this conclusion Vnius Imperii corpus Tacitus Annalls 1. unius animo regendum videtur It is necessarie the body of one Empire should bee governed by one head which must not bee barely a Titular head a shadow of power without the weight of it for Lawes well made availe little unlesse they be entrusted to a hand that hath power to exact execution of them Nor doe I observe that these principles of Divinity or Policie doe essentially differ but rather seeme to bee â—he same with the fundamentalls of the Lawes of this Kingdome For sayes Bracton the learned Historian in the Genealogie of our Lawes Bracton fol. 107. u Rex ad hoc creatus est electus ut justitiam faciat universis quia si non esset qui justitiam faceret pax de facili possit exterminari supervacuum esset leges condere justitiam nisi esset qui leges tueretur Potentiâ verò omnes sibi subditos debet praecellere parem autem habere non debet nec multo fortius superiorem maximè in justitia exhibenda ut dicatur veré de eo magnus Dominus noster magna virtus ejus To this end was a King created and chosen that he might doe Iustice to all men because if there were not one to administer Justice peace would soone be rooted out and it were vaine to enact Lawes or talke of Iustice if there were not one to defend the Lawes Who must be one not subordinate to inferiour powers but sayes hee Hee ought to excell all his subjects in power And hee must have no equall much lesse a superiour chiefely in administring Iustice That it may truely bee said of him Great is our Lord our King great is his vertue And hence is it that such Princely jurisdiction superiorities and authority over Ecclesiasticall Causes and persons is annexed to the Imperiall Crown for ever by our Statute Lawes * 1 Eliz. 1. And that in the oath of Supremacie w Oath of Supremacie 1 Eliz. 1. we not onely acknowledge the King to bee the supreame Governour in all Ecclesiasticall things or Causes but are sworne That to our power we shall assist and defend all Iurisdictions Priviledges Preheminences and Authorities united and annexed to the Imperiall Crowne In this Scala Regia this Gradation of Royall Monarchy we can finde nothing incongruous to the faith or liberty of a true Protestant But wee see our selves bound by Oath to acknowledge and support that Regall Government our Statutes have establish'd our Lawes approved Historie represents most happy policy recommends as safest to which all protestant Churches confesse due allegeance All Primitive times yielded full obedience To whose Throne Christ himselfe yields Tribute To whose power he commands submission and reverence To whose jurisdiction is committed the designation of Bishops and Judges whose persons God will have sacred whose Actions unquestionable whose succession he himselfe determines whose Kingdomes hee disposes and whose Election is the All-Makers sole prerogative Now whether these Crownes and Scepters shall be held Jure Divino or not I take not on me to determine but I may be bold to deliver Du-Moulins owne words x Moulins Buckler of Faith fol. 560. Whosoever buildeth the authority of Kings upon mens institutions and not upon the Ordinance of God cutteth off three parts of their authoritie and bereaveth them of that which assureth their Lives and their Crowns more than the guards of their bodies or puissant armie which put terrour into subjects hearts instead of framing them to obedience Then the fidelity of subjects will be firme and sure when it shall be incorporated into piety and esteemed to be a part of Religion and of the service which men owe to God SECT 10. Presbyterie inconsistent with Monarchy IN the government of the State as now it stands there being then so much Harmonie though it may sometimes bee out of Tune
us see how they deale with one of their owne one Bluet being excommunicated writes to the Brethren that he might be restored to the Church from which hee had beene long kept out m Bishop Bancroft fol. 117. Woe is me saith hee that J am cast out of your presence this day And if this woe and shame did but touch the body it were tollerable for then at the day of death I should end my miserie and no more heare the words of reproach But woe is me that there is a partition wall between heaven and my Conscience If my offence may not be passed by without further confession even before God and his Church in London will I lye downe and lick the dust at your feet See here you eager advocates for the advancing of this holy Discipline the pretious fruits you are like to reape by it Such as these will teach you perfect humility They have learnt of Rehoboams Counsellors n 2 Chron. 10.10 To make their little finger thicker than the Bishops loynes Their punishments perhaps wrung the purse but those will grate the soule And if wee should well examine upon what easie occasions this fearefull sentence flyes out we should much more feare it Suckliffe 132. At Geneva two Ministers were deposed and banish'd for speaking against usurie Iohn Morelli for saying the words Tell the Church were not alone appropriate to the Consistorie and is frequently used upon everie private Grudge Whereas no man ought to bee excommunicate but where the Law saith hee should be condemned If Law bee King and will a Tyrant sure all that will preserve Law and will love libertie unwillingly submit their necks to the Tyrannicall yoak of such Discipline SECT 15. The forme of Discipline they prescribe is confessed to be a yoak YEt oh say many here is so excellent a forme of Government the Parochiall Presbyter can runne into no extravagance but hee is accomptable to the Presbyterie or Classitall meeting which consists of particular Kirks in such a Circuit o Report of Church Government And what 's the businesse there Not to suppresse but to exercise the power of Iurisdiction By the Ordinances of Geneva they first imprison after banish him that will not stand to the Ordinances of the Consistories Order Art 91. Ordination suspension Deprivation but principally all persons of whatsoever quality disobedient to their Ministers and Elders are with great Authoritie censured So here we must learne obedience to the wills of men not of Lawes Yet these Classes againe are responsall to the Provinciall Synods And they perhaps may regulate the rigour of the Presbyters But doe not the Pastors of New England tell us A modest Advertisement of Church Government fol. 10. That no Pastors by Gods word have authoritie over others for that every Minister hath his power both of Order and Iurisdiction immediately from Christ Iesus and therefore to him onely is responsible for the Doctrine hee teaches the Discipline hee exercises and the Censures that hee inflicts Therfore say they for any number of Ministers in a Synod to take to themselves Authoritie over others who are equall in Dignitie is to set up a Humane Authoritie that Christ never instituted and to exercise a Tyrannie and Poperie of the Presbyterie as bad nay worse than Bishops Yet there is a higher appeale to the Nationall Assembly and there the Records of Synods are perused Acts and Constitutions for all Kirkes are agreed upon with common consent And will they obey these Constitutions Some confesse that in the Assembly of the Apostles certaine observances were imposed on the Churches p Acts 15.28 But this Act of the Apostles say they is no president or patterne for succeeding ages for the Apostles were inspired with the Holy Ghost and when any Assembly can infallibly assure them they are inspired with the Holy Ghost then they will obey q Christ on his throne fol. 57. But though they will admit no Law or Superiour over themselves yet here perhaps the Laitie may receive reliefe against the rigor of their Censures for one tels us r Report of the Government of the Church by a Presbytery All Appellations Petitions Grievances and Complaints are examined and determined by this supream highest Kirk Iudicatorie what redresse we may expect hence we are informed immediately before they are responsible onely to Iesus Christ And the same reporter plainly tells us The perpetuall Kirks are not governed by the intrinsecall power of any one or many set over them as in the Monarchicall Government of Prelates but they are ruled and judged by themselves If so wee had need have a strong faith in their Integrities for if we admit a possibility of doing wrong in them we leave very little probabilitie of receiving right for first they are accomptable onely to Christ Next they are both judges and parties Those that give false judgement in the Classes are judges in the Synods in the Nationall assemblies and from them is no appeale to any Prince in the world for they sit in Christs Throne And this is utterly destructive to the peoples libertie Now in this whole Gradation of Church government by Presbyteries Classes Synods and Nationall Assemblies What 's become of our old superintendent power of Parliaments wee have all this while beene perswaded That Episcopacy is inconsistent with this State as exercising some power not warranted by our Lawes we are strongly excited by some Disciplinarians to root them out for attempting to put in execution some Constitutions not ratified by Parliament Yet now we must learne That the Parliament cannot hinder these Disciplinarians to make Lawes Ecclesiasticall seeing Ecclesiasticall Government is independant That generall Assemblies may recall Acts ratified in Parliament which being annulled In their Synods they disannull all Lawes they conceive repugnant to their Discipline Suckliffe fol. 131. the Civill ratification falls ex Consequenti And though our Lawes make voyd all Canons or Constitutions repugnant to the Kings prerogative or the Lawes and Customes of the Kingdome which preserve our liberties yet we must now know that no power nor libertie ought to be permitted to any State Degree or Authority whatsoever they be to live without the yoake of Discipline Å¿ Knox his exhortation pag. 91. 92. Et tali jugo libertatem induimus And is all our long labour'd liberty become a yoke A yoke unavoydable a yoke unsupportable Truely if this be so we may truely write Sic vos non vobis sertis Aratra Boves We have spun a faire thread That Kings the nursing Fathers and Queens the nursing Mothers of Syon t Isaiah 49.23 the supreame Governours of the Church Princes the heads of their Fathers houses u Numb 7.2 Princes of the Tribes whose office is to rule in judgement Nobles that conferre blessing upon that land where their sonnes inherite the Crowne w Isaiah 32.1 Gentrie the flowers of this garden of Europe fenc'd
had such power as the Duke of Venice And having treated with the Duke of Savoy their enemy was forced to flye during whose life they could not make a new Bishop but submitted to a new forme of Government under Master Calvin who onely wanted the Title but was of much greater power than a Bishop nor was at that enmity with the Order as our Novelists are who professe it sinne to heare them or for their sakes any Ministers f 8 Propositions in Print preach in the Church of England For hee sayes Wee confesse that Bishops or Pastors must be reverently heard as farre as they teach the word of God according to their function g Calvin opusculum in Confes Eccles Gallic Fatemur ergo Episcopos five pastores reverenter audiendos quatenus pro suae functionis ratione verbum Dei docent But admit they being a private State a Cottage in respect of a Kingdome submit themselves to the Oeconomick Government of a Family theirs is no more in comparison to this glorious Monarchy shall we relinquish our Lawes can we reduce this populous Nation that peoples so many forraine Isles into the same mould that modells a handfull Some have already entertained so degenerate thoughts that they can mention Switzerland a faire patterne and so doe I with horror and indignation Others the Low Countrie Discipline pleases well a fit object for such they must indeed look downewards still that are so pleas'd and not upwards to the God of Order 1 Corinth 14. and not of Confusion who sees the distracted Sects and Schismes that abound in that State and does not pitty so neare so lov'd neighbours were not partakers of that blessing wee call miserie and out of love to Noveltie are growne wearie of uniformitie of Discipline Truth is wee are taken with the shadow of that which essentially is not there The Scepter of Discipline If we must change I would bee glad we might take president from their Metropolis Amsterdam where 't is true they were busie to advance this Throne of Christ to put this yoke upon the neck of that State but their troublesome and ambitious spirits once discovered they quickly nipt these soaring Birds i th' shell reduced the Pastors to the number of thirteene of those keeping for the most part three vacant which City being compared with this of London both for populousnesse and capacity it will easily appeare those ten who must supply the accidents of Festivalls Marriages and Funeralls doe not trouble their heads with many State affaires Yet to make them sure they allow them their Classicall meetings but provided one of the Magistrates of the Citie be present And if he say no all they consult stands for nothing This proposition made and assented to by all these zealous petitioners against this usurpation this Monopoly of the power of the Keyes in the hands of the Bishops That the prime Gentleman in every parish shall be perpetuall Elder and have a negative voyce I confesse in poynt of private policie I am convinc'd I may perhaps be in time an Elder and doubt not but the Gentrie will thus make a shift to keep the Clergy humble the vulgar low enough But if we must looke for new elections every year what must this produce but a little Civil war in every parish We have yet a nearer president and before we know what it is long for the Scottish Discipline I could be glad wee had so much patience to let them be our probationers therein for one seven yeares But we shall be told sic fuit ab antiquo it was so of old with them Now what effects both to King and Common-wealth the positions of some Disciplinarians of that Nation have in former times produc'd 't is better to be forgot than looked into All I shall say is That certainly our freer people have not such dependance upon are not indeed in such vassallage to the Nobility the Gentrie as the Common people of Scotland are in to their Lords their Nobility and Gentrie having absolute power over theit Tenants shall ever beare sway in the Church But it will not be so with us the inferiour sort of people once finding their power in popular election of Elders will rather exclude both Nobility and Gentry and then no doubt the Church will be well govern'd our Communalty depend upon Lawes not Lords 'T is Law which hath made us a free people That wee know by a certaine Law that our wives our Children our Servants our goods are our owne that we build we plough we sow we reap for our selves this is true libertie How little of this they enjoy from whom wee would take a patterne who are but Tenants at will to their Lords they that will sedato animo compare the Constitution of that State with this would with mee againe crie Oh fortunati nimium bona si sua nôrint Angligenae SECT 18. Conclusion to review Episcopacie IF then there be no president that exactly parallels ours without great alteration wee must certainly introduce aliquid de novo set up some new forme by our selves And what inconveniences that may bring to a setled State was well exprest by St. Austin Ipsa mutatio Consuetudinis etiam quae adjuvat utilitate novitate perturbat k Austin ad Ianuar. Ep 118. cap. 5. which is ingeniously exprest by that learned Verulam l Verulams Considerations concerning pacification of the Church fol. 9. Way given to mutation though in taking away abuses yet it may so acquaint men with sweetnesse of change as it will undermine the stabilitie even of that which is sound and good holding it against all good policie to innovate any thing in Church matters and whether warrantable in Divinitie or no to abolish so ancient a Constitution is questionable 'T was me thinks a Maxime of some weighr Qui mala introducit voluntatem Dei oppugnat revelatam in verbo Qui nova introducit voluntatem Dei oppugnat revelatam in rebus Hee that brings into the Church any bad custome opposes the will of God revealed by his word who introduces any new customes opposeth Gods will revealed by fact If then in the whole series of this new Predicament of Discipline wee should put our selves into wee finde the designe of such is to draw their necks out of the yoaks of all Ecclesiasticall and Civill Government neither to be prescribed in Doctrine nor Discipline their persons restrayned by no Law their Government inconsistent with Monarchy Magistracy Lawes destructive to Gentrie Their calling independent either on King or people Their power above Princes Potentates Nobles People Lawes Parliaments their errours accomptible to none but Christ alone no forraine State or Reformed Church giving any exact president absolutely parallell with ours and no so great mutation being without hazard to the State and perhaps not warranted by Gods Word In the name of God let us looke ere wee take this desperate leap from the inconveniences whereof can bee no recovery if they once get the upper hand but by a new Conquest Farre bee it from mee to presume to prescribe a remedy 't is the easier way to give cautions to descry inconveniences to discover Rocks than to assume to steere the ship of State in a safe course to give Counsell other than what is warranted by good authoritie In such distractions when wee finde the time now fully come m 2 Tim. 4.3.4 That men will not endure sound Doctrine but after their owne lusts heap up to themselves teachers having itching eares turning from the truth unto Fables And as St. Peter sayes n Peter 3.16 Being unlearned and unstable wresting the Scriptures to their owne destruction Then is the Prophets Counsell seasonable State super vias Antiquas o Ieremiah 6.16 Stand yee in the wayes and see and aske for the old paths where is the good way and walke therein and yee shall finde rest for your soules Let us looke back into Antiquitie and see before wee part with this reverend old order of Episcopacy for this new fangled Discipline whether it will bee made good to bee deduc'd from Christ himselfe to his Apostles to the Angels of the Churches to the Fathers of the Primitive times continued in the same jurisdiction and superiority over other degrees of the Clergie distributed into Diocesses honour'd with Titles and Attributes indued with power approved in other Reformed Churches and no way opposite to but consistent with our Lawes and then though there be many errours crept into the execution which prove not to bee in the Constitution I hope we shall have it reduc'd to its antient puritie and not cast away our Gold for a little rust In the disquisition whereof I would not have any man looke for any thing from me de novo or thinke I assume to adde any strength to their cause I doe but binde together a posie of the flowers of others planting onely having taken some paines to please and satisfie my selfe I shall be glad if any man else can reap any content out of my labours Et tu confirmatus confirma fratres was Christian Counsell and I confesse had I power to doe it I would draw all the world to my opinion that is to reverence their Calling preserve their Order yet with as free a resolution and as respectlesse of their persons submit to the exemplar punishment of such as staine the honour of their Coat entrench upon our Liberties negligently starve their flock covetously engrosse the meanes of faithfull Labourers or with their Novelties distract the Church as any man that lives FINIS Imprimatur Tho. Wykes May 28. 1641.
I see in these men no shadow of true libertie by pretending legall government nor yet the false glosse of libertie by extinguishing all power but that it is evident by desiring to share the power of the keyes Paraeus Catechetica 5. praecepti and to execute Ecclesiasticall censures in their congregations within themselves Petition annexed note 3 They have no thought of the peoples libertie but to assume into their owne hands the same power they cry downe in the Bishops not to qualifie but to exalt it above all moderation The use thereof being fully explaned by Expositors of their owne straine to import no lesse than to trample under feet the sacred Crownes of Kings the power of Parliaments the seats of Justice the use of Magistrates the efficacie of Lawes and make themselves Chancellours over our lives and conversations our wives our children our servants our private families and our estates That any hands should help to hoyse up unlimited unbounded Tyranny I have nothing left me but acclamation O fortunati nimium bona si sua norint and shall conclude with that saying Quos Iupiter vult perdere hos prius dementat Yet shall I freely display some of those positions which divers that pretend reformation lesse blush to publish than I to recite as part of their new Christian doctrine which how consistent with the Monarchique Government of this State how far inclinable to an Anarchy and whether subversive of the Lawes or destructive to the Subjects libertie I shall not take upon mee to determine but perhaps the consideration may please some others though I professe I only write to please my selfe Liberare animam Yet I hope no man will be so far displeased with mee as to apply what I collect from some as meant by all that pretend a Presbyteriall Government I have charitie to thinke many men that way enclined have good intentions and desire reformation out of a pure heart But I am confident the more they acquaint themselves with such positions as these the lesse they will like the discipline SECT 9. Episcopacie most agreeable with a Monarchie HEre as in all distracted States may well be applyed the poets exclamation Tantum Religio potuit suadere malorum Not that Religion it selfe which is the band of peace is cause of evils but that it is made the usuall cloake of all seditious disturbances either in Church or State All the shafts of malice every clamour obloquy shot at the order doctrine and persons of the Bishops how ever feathered wirh the pretext of pietie yet still light all in one center and may appeare to be levelled all at one mark The power of the keyes is the burthen of all their songs Sions plea fol. 82. All the fearfull evils of sin and iudgement from withholding the keyes of Christs Kingdome in which consisting the Ecclesiasti que Discipline not Doctrine of the Church it becomes rather a question in Policie than in Divinitie whether it should rest in the hands of a few intrusted by the Church or to be transmitted to the hands of a multitude or as our Preacher would have it k Politions annexed to the petition 10 to every particular member of the Church And where it is cleare in point of Divinitie where the Scripture hath not expressely set the rule as in this particular it is left doubtfull such Separatists interpreting that place of Matthew l Matth. 18.17 Sions plea 285. Titus 2.15 3.10 In his rebus de quibus nihil certi statuit divina Scriptura mos populi Dei instituta majoruÌ„ pro lege tenenda sunt sicut praevaricatores divinarum legum ita contemptores EcclesiasticaruÌ„ consuetudinuÌ„ coercendi sunt August ad Casulanum Goe tell the Church to bee the whole Congregation whereas others conceive it clearely restrained to such as are set in authoritie by the Church out of that of Titus who being entrusted by Saint Paul in the Churches of Crete hee directs him to rebuke with all authoritie And more particularly A man that is an heretique after the first and second admonition reject In this case we must examine the ancient continued practice and opinions of former times and Writers And such contemners of the customes of the Church sayes Saint Austin are to be compelled But truly this was so little questioned in antiquitie that it seemes it was never doubted by Calvin himselfe sayes he Calvin Epistol ad Gasperum Lizetum Nun quam utile putavi jus excommunicundi permitti singulis pastoribus Nam res odiosa est nec exemplum probabile facilis in Tyrannidem lapsus alium usum Apostoli tradiderunt I never thought it usefull to commit the power of excommunication to everie Pastour for it is an odious thing and not to be approved but would soone slip into tyranny and the Apostles left another custome And indeed what tyranny were not to be looked for from such aspirers if they were once invested in power who cannot smother their ambition till they get into possession what is the pride of the Prelates who admit the King the supreme head of the Church under Christ receive their designation from him hold the inferiour hath not power over the superiour compared with these spirits who tell us That Princes m T. C. Reply p. 144. Rogers Preface Huic disciplinae omnes orbis Principes Monarchas falce suas submittere pareâ—e necesse est Travers de Disciplina Ecclesiae fol 142. Baron Annals 1076. must be subject unto the Church and submit their Stepters and throw downe their Crownes before the Church and lick up the dust of the feet of the Church all which is applyed to their Presbyterie ascribing to every Presbyter what the Pope onely assumes to himselfe That all Kings ought to kisse his feet How this superintendencie is derived from Scripture how consonant to Antiquitie or consistent with the glorie of a King is considerible I conceived God himselfe had an high hand in the institution of Kings and Princes when hee leaves this principle in the Mosaick Law n Deuteron 17.15 Thou shalt set him King over thee whom the Lord thy God shall chuse And in that hee sayes o 1 Samuel 15.11 I have set up Saul to be King And of David he sayes p 1 Samuel 16.1 I have provided me a King And of Salomon sayes the prophet q Nehemiah 13.26 God made him King over all Israel Nor does he dispose Crownes at the direction or by the advice of others r Daniel 4.31 for the most high ruleth in the Kingdome of men and giveth it to whomsoever he will But it should appeare he challenges to himselfe the sole proprietie of this King-making Jurisdiction in that he rebukes the Israelites saying They have set up a King but not by mee Å¿ Hosea 8.4 They have made them Princes and I knew it not And as in institution so in succession will
hee be the sole disposer of Monarchies t 1 Chron. 17.11 I will raise up thy seed after thee and establish his Kingdome Nor were his intentions sure to let this be a titular shadow onely without power when wee are told u Proverbs 16.14 The wrath of a King is as messengers of death And we are commanded to w 24.21 feare the Lord and the King x Daniel 2.37 Thou O King sayes the prophet Daniel art a King of Kings for the God of heaven hath given thee a kingdome power and strength and glorie And as the donation of this power is solely his so will he have the revocation too To Saul sayes the prophet y 1 Samuel 28.17 The Lord hath rent thy kingdome from thine hand and given it to thy servant David And to Salomon z 1 Kings 11.11 I will surely rend the kingdome from thee and will give it to thy servant a Daniel 2.21 Hee removeth Kings and setteth up Kings sayes Daniel Nor doth he seeme to subject them to the question of inferiours sayes Salomon b Ecclesiastes 8.4 Where the word of a King is there is power and who may say unto him What doest thou c Iob 34.18 Is it fit to say to a King sayes Job thou art wicked much lesse to expose them to violence But his precept d 1 Chron. 16.22 Touch not mine anoynted puts a guard upon their sacred persons which to violate though in our owne defence is a breach of his command Though Saul persecuted David for his destruction yet sayes he to Abishai e 1 Samuel 26.9 Destroy him not for who can stretch forth his hand against the Lords anoynted and be guiltlesse And lest these precepts might seeme discontinued with the Law they are renewed in the Gospel f 1 Peter 2.13 Submit your selves to the King as supreme And as if bare obedience were not enough without due reverence wee are againe commanded g 1 Peter 2.17 to feare God and honour the King But was this honour due to them onely from the Laitie Aaron the high priest called Moses the chiefe prince Lord h Exodus 32.22 And Aaron said Let not the anger of my Lord wax hot Or was the power of Kings subordinate or superiour to the Church We read that Jehosaphat King of Iudah appoynted Iudges Levites and Priests i 2 Chron. 19.5.8 And was this power continued in the Royall Race of Kings since the comming of Christ or extinguished by the greater light of his presence We find Christ himself rendring Tribute to Caesar Give unto Caesar the things that are Caesars k Mathew 22.19 Or is it that Regall right fixt onely to the Scepters of Christian Kings and Princes We find the ancient Fathers gave to the Thrones of Princes though Heathens the prerogative God left them Tertullian tells us We give that Reverence to the Emperour as belongs both to us and him as a man second to God and onely lesse than God for so hee is greater than all others being onely lesse than God l Tertullian ad Scapulam cap. 2. Colimus Jmperatorem sic quomodo nobis licet ipsi expedit ut Hominem a Deo secundum solo Deo minorem Hoc ipse volet sic enim omnibus major est dum solo vero Deo minor est Or is this right solely annext to the Imperiall Throne Hee againe tells us in the generall Kings are onely in the power of God from whom they are second after whom first before and above all others m Tertullian ad Scap. Are we onely to be subject while they rule over us after our owne desires and quit from our Allegeance under persecution St. Ambrose receiving Imperiall command to deliver up the Churches sayes Jf I bee compelled I may not oppose I may grieve I may weepe I may sigh Against Armes Souldiers the Goths also my Teares are my weapons such are the guards of a Priest I neither can nor ought to make other defence n Quid ergo turbamini volens nunquam vos deseram coactus repugnare non novi dolere potero potero flere potero gemere adversus arma milites Gothos quoque Lachrymae meae arma sunt Talia enim Ambrosius Concione 1. contra Auxentium But perhaps such passive piety was more requisite in those dayes when Gods designe was to convert the world by suffering nor by subduing when the seeds of Religion must bee water'd with the blood of Martyrs a Sanguis martyrum semen Ecclesiae than now in these purer times of Reformation Yet we see Calvin advises us not to fight for righteousnesse but to suffer for righteousnesse o Calvin Institut l. 4. c. 20. Art 29. Si ab impâ—o sacrilego principe vexamur ob pietatem subeat primùm delictorum nostrorum recordatio quae talibus haud dubiè Domini flagellis castigantur Jnde humilitas impatientiam nostram fraenavit succurrat deinde haec cogitatio non nostrum esse hujusmodi malis mederi hoc tantum esse reliquum ut Domini opem imploremus cujus in manu sunt regum corda regnorum Inclinationes If we be persecuted for godlines by an impious and sacrilegious Prince let us first of all remember our sins which no doubt are corrected by God with scourges this will bridle our impatience with humility Then let us entertaine this thought that 't is not our part to heale such distempers that this is our onely remedy to appeale to Gods assistance in whose hand are the hearts of Kings and the inclinations of Kingdomes And in another place he tells us b Calvin Institut l. 4. Insignis est memorabilis apud Jeremiam locus quem tamet si prolixiorem ideo non pigebit referre quia totam hanc quaestionem clarissimè definit the Prophet Ieremiah clearly resolves this question p Ieremiah 27.6 8. 9. 12. I have given all these lands into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar the King of Babylon And it shall come to passe that the Nation and Kingdome which will not serve the same Nebuchadnezzar the King of Babylon and that will not put their neck under the yoke of the K. of Babylon that Nation will I punish saith the Lord with the sword and with the famine and with the pestilence untill I have consumed the land Therefore hearken not yee unto your Prophets nor to your Diviners and which speak unto you saying yee shall not serve the King of Babylon I spake also to Zedechiah King of Iudah according to all these words saying bring your necks under the yoke of the K. of Babylon serve him and his people and live Why will you dye thou and thy people by the sword pestilence and famine as the Lord hath spoken against the Nation that will not serve the King of Babylon Upon which place saies Calvin * Videmus quantâ obedientiâ Domâ—nus tetrum illum
Let us examine this new found Discipline how consistent with a Protestant Monarchy least by admitting it ex improviso we may shoulder Regem ex solio Religionem ex solo A King out of his Throne and Religion out of the Land 'T is a faire species of piety to cry out for Reformation and too many I feare for this shadow are ready to let goe the substance Never was Gods Church so pure but shee had her spots it will be perfect charitie to wipe them out but it argues none to make them greater In stead of Reforming some so deface deforme her that one would scarce thinke there were Christians in it when for the most part the greatest slanderer proves the greatest Hypocrite If the Intention were unitie the way to preserve it 1 Epphes 4. is by meeknesse of spirit in the band of peace but those that expect any from some of these Disciplinarians delude themselves If wee may believe their owne writings however wee may hope Reformation might qualifie them we shall finde they have no such designe Some tell us plainly the Episcopall Government must not be moderated nor reserved Answ to Lond. petition fol. 33. If the Hierarchy be not removed our desolations are like to be the astonishment of all Natâ—â—ns Syons plea. fol 5. 160. Christ on his Throne fol 47. Jer. 4.11.12 Syons plea. 196. Syons plea. 185. but presently and wholly taken away The Bishops must be utterly extirpated no lesse than the Romans rooted out the very name of Tarquins for the tyranny they had exercised A wind to fanne or cleanse will not serve the turne but it must bee a full mightie wind to root up and carry away the very foundation of their being It is not lopping nor pruning nor shaving nor paring the nailes of this evill that will serve turne unlesse yee pluck up these stumps of Dagon by the very roots their nayles will grow ranker than ever they did Except this strange fire be removed the Lord must make the consuming fire of his wrath breake out upon us If it live â— 187. the Common-wealth must dye Nay some of them goe so farre as to professe The Church-Ministerie and worship in England are all Antichristian * 8. Propositions printed by an unknowne Author Protest against the Hierarchy as an Antichristian Tyranny Lord Bishops no Bishops 86. from which all Gods people are in dutie and conscience bound to separate themselves by these obloquies seeking as they confesse to stirre up a holy hatred of the Prelates * Syons plea. 196. Epistle to the Reader even to dash their Brains against the stones By such clamours cherishing in the vulgar a discontented Humour which is the common source of Schisme and Heresie thereby the better to broach their new invented Discipline built upon no other Basis but the peoples dislike of Poperie as If the onely rule to draw out the line of our Religion by were to take the direct opposite in all things to that of the Church of Rome * That Religion most pure which hath least conformity with Rome Christ on his throne 23. when we know that such as travell absolutely East and West from one another if they live to it shall meet in the same line they parted whereas parallells continued to any extent doe never interfare The first quarrels of the greatest breaches in the Church have for the most part bin in points of discipline And for all the noise some of these men make of dissention enmity in rites and ceremonies which are but shadows we shall find that in the most essentiall parts of Discipline which concerne the sway of Church and State the subjection of Prince and people to the tyranny of their Discipline they doe not onely shake hands again with Poperie but with the strictest of them the Jesuites clearely sever themselves from the Tenets of the Protestant Church Jesuits Declarat motuum cap. 20. Quodlibets p. 142. both sides laying this for a fundamentall both agree for the utter abrogation of all Episcopall jurisdiction Contrary to the 36. Article of our Religion The Church so subdued see how they sway the Civill State wherein it will bee observed whether the Luke-warme Protestant as they call us or such zealous separatists be likest to give fire to that Popish powder which would blow up in fumum all Kingly Supremacy or Magisteriall Superioritie over the Independent Hierarchie God sayes Thou shalt make him King whom I shall chuse and this rule we admit for Law Some that pretend to be presbyterians tell us x Gilby lib. de Obedientia pag. 25. 105. Populo jus est ut imperium cui velit deferat Buchan de jure Regni pag. 61. In regnis hominum potestas regis est à populo quia populus facit Regem Bellarm. de Concil lâ—b 2. cap. 19. Kings Princes and Governours have their authoritie of the people and upon occasion they may take it away againe as men may revoke their Proxies and Letters of Atturney The Jesuites come not much short of this for say they In the kingdome of men the power of the King is from the people because the people makes the King To a bad prince God hath said I will rend the kingdome from thee and every true protestant expects the performance not taking the staffe out of Gods hands who sayes y Deuteron 32.35 Romans 12.19 To mee belongeth vengeance and I will repay One of these sayes Goodman pag. 144 145. Evill Princes ought to bee deposed and inferiour Magistrates ought chiefly to doe it With this Bellarmine agrees * Bellarmin lib. 3. de Pont. cap. 7. Talis consensu omnium potest imò debet privari suo dominio Such by the consent of all may nay ought to be deprived and if this was not done in old time it was for want of strength to doe it Salomon sayes Who shall say unto a King What doest thou Goodman tels us Obedience pag 111. Bancroft 36. Judges ought to summon Princes before them for their crimes and to proceed against them as all other offenders Here I find they have outgone the Jesuit David thought no man could stretch forth his hand against the Lords anoynted and be guiltlesse Yet this Disciplinarian sayes Goodman pag. 185. When Magistrates cease to doe their duties God giveth the sword into the peoples hands Nay Obedience pag. 110. a private man having some speciall inward motion may kill a Tyrant In this the Jesuite is too slow paced too hee thinks fit to give him a publike triall first z Tyrannicè gubernans justè acquisito Domino non potest spoliari sine publico judicio Emanuel Sa. Marry sentence given then any man may be the executioner Suarez is more moderate a Si Papa Regem deponit ab illis tantum poterit expelli vel interfici quibus ipse id commiserit Suarez lib 6. cont Iacob Regem cap. 4.
If saith hee the Pope deposeth a King hee may not be driven away nor killed but by those to whom the Pope shall give order to doe it The Apostle bids us b 1 Peter 2.13 Submit to the King as supreme and to this the protestant sweares allegeance They say c T. C. lib. 1 pag. 3. The establishing of the Presbyterie is the full placing of Christ in his kingdome that Kings and Princes must be subject to some parochiall Presbyter with whom concurs Bellarmine d Chrâ—stus Ecclesiam regendam Petro Episcopis commisit non Tiberio ejus Praefectis Bellar. de Laicis cap. 7. Annot. on 1 Pet. 2.13 Christ sayes hee committed his Church to bee governed by Peter and his Bishops not by Tiberius and his Officers And in the Annotations on the Rhemish Testament Kings and Princes must be subject unto some Bishop Christ commands us obedience to pay tribute to Caesar The ancient Fathers direct us to beare with prayer and patience the persecutions of bad Princes Nay the very Heathens found humanitie where Divinitie was wanting to qualifie this Barbarisme Tacitus Tacitus Annals 12. advises To beare with the riots and covetousnesse of Kings as with barrennesse and other infirmities of nature for whiles there are men there will bee vices but they cannot continue long and will be recompenced when better come And he leaves us this his golden sentence Men are to reverence things past and submit to what is present and should wish for good princes but whatsoever they are endure them But some of these pious Presbyterians will neither be guided by precept nor president They hold it not enough for subjects not to obey but they must withstand wicked Princes e Goodman pag 43 57 72. They must take up armes against them f Englands complaint against the Canons They may kill them as monsters and cruell beasts g Goodman 99. Buchanan de jure Regni And if neither the Magistrates nor the people doe their office in deposing or killing of them then the Minister must excommunicate such a King h Knox Histor fol 78. Obedience fol. 116. Goodman 199. T. C. Part. 2. Reply 65. and any Minister may doe it against the greatest prince Nay if he be a just and gracious Prince towards his people yet hee must learne obedience to the presbyters otherwise sayes Barrow * Barrowes Discourse pag. 116. A Prince contemning the censures of the Church is to be disfranchized out of the Church and delivered unto Satan Here the universall Shepherd welcomes his brethren to the Romish fold whose principle it is i Bellarmin in Barkl cap. 21. Moulins Buckler fo 547. That being Pastour hee may shut up and destroy furious Rams that is Kings which are not obedient to him And the Jesuite tels us that k Tollet lib. 1. de Institutione Sacerdotali c. 13. An excommunicate person can exercise no act of jurisdiction And then sayes Tollet l Tollet lib. 4. de Instruct Sacerdotali c. 58. Vrbanus secundus Wee doe not hold them for homicides who being transported with zeale of the holy Church against the excommunicate shall chance to kill one of them Here let the loyall hearted Protestant stand at gaze a while and consider what effects the power of the keyes being thus distributed may produce when his King his Soveraigne to whom hee owes religious dutie legall obedience and to whom he is perhaps bound by oath shall by the breath of every Schismatike pastour of a parish be blowne into hell and he must then abandon all reliefe or communication with him to whom he is bound by allegeance To the poyson of such devillish doctrins let the eares of all good Christians be deafe from the infection God turne their hearts and with the Psalmist let al true protestants pray to the King of Kings Psalme 61.6 Psalme 21.7 That hee will prolong the Kings life and his yeares as many generations For the King trusteth in the Lord and that through the mercie of the Most High he may not be moved Verse 8. But that his hand may find out all his enemies and his right hand those that hate him SECT 11. Presbyterie inconsistent with Civill Magistracie BVT may bee these King-Curbers will bee themselves conformable to the Civill Magistrate and to keep the power of Kings within a tether is no hurt Though the light of Nature encline all creatures the experience of all Nations instruct all people to seeke a head to that body in which they contract themselves by conferring power to that head to conserve those rules of government or order they prescribe for their more securitie as well as Lawes to regulate the exorbitancies of unbounded Nature which semper nititur in vitium Yet all power that growes too great growes suspect and dangerous And this perhaps may be doubted easily to degenerate from securitie into Tyranny And therefore one prescribes us a remedy and tels us m Knox Hiâ— That God hath appointed the Nobilitie to bridle the inordinate appetites of princes and in so doing they cannot be accused as resisters of authoritie And some of them tell these great officers Goodman pag. 34. whence this superintendent power is derived to them Wherof sayes one of them came this division of personages Lib. de obedient p. 114. seeing all men came of one man and one woman was it for their lustie hawking hunting dicing carding dancing swearing fleering flattering for their cruell polling and pilling No Lib. de obedient p. 107 there was no such thing they have their honour of the people to revenge the injuries of their Governours And though such advance this power in the Nobilitie above the thrones of princes yet they think fit to put them in mind they have a superiour power above them too Knox pag. 272. by charging the Nobilitie upon paine of excommunication to joyne with them where they see cause to resist their prince But these degrees of government in Kings or Nobles are held perchance but the ill effects of too much power encroachments upon the liberties of free-borne men therefore they who have this power of the keyes Jure divino ought not to bee subordinate to any power that is of human institution Yet knowing that God who is the God of order and not of confusion hath ever appointed Magistrates to rule the people shewing the inconvenience of want of government in the men of Laish 1â—7 who sayes the Prophet dwelt carelesse after the manner of the Zidonians where there was no Magistrate in the land that might put them to shame in any thing who became a prey to the Tribe of Dan. And the Apostles precept being peremptorie Titus 3.1 To obey Magistrates They will perhaps give due obedience to the Civill Magistrate Melancthon tels us n Peccatum est mortale violare edicta magistratus Melancth in 13. ad Romanos It is a mortall sin to violate
the edicts of the Magistrate But some of these Disciplinarians positions are that o Subjects doe promise obedience that the Magistrate might help them Goodman pag 190. which if hee doe not they are discharged of obedience Barrow Refut pag 169. And that without the Prince the people may reforme and must not tarrie for the Magistrate But where their owne spirits guide them they may become Judges and Executioners themselves laying it for a principle p That if the Magistrates shall refuse to put Massemongers to death k Goodman p. 77 196. the people in seeing it performed doe shew that zeale of God which was commended in Phinees destroying the adulterers and in the Israelites against the Benjamites But in this they have the excuse of zeale in offence and indignation at sinnes against God and negligence in Magistrates In which case some hold that q Knox Appeal fol. 30. Goodman pag. 185. not Kings and Magistrates onely ought to punish crimes against God but the whole body of the people and every member of the same to his abilitie must revenge the injurie done to God The French Reformed Church r Moulins Buckler of Faith f. 535. 39. Art knew none of this Doctrine who in the thirty ninth Article of their Faith declare plainly That they beleeve that God will have the world governed by Lawes and Policies that there may be some restraint of the disordered desires of the world And as be hath established Kingdomes and Common-wealths whether hereditary or otherwise and all that belongeth to the State of Justice and will be knowne to be Author thereof so hath he put the sword into the Magistrates hands to represse sins committed not onely against the second Table of the Commandements of God but also against the first Though Isay their zeale in revenging injuries done to the Majestie of God transport them to share in the execution of Iustice Yet may be they will submit to the Civill Magistrate in the government of the Church and ordination of Rites and Ceremonies in which by the twentieth and thirty seventh Articles of our Religion Å¿ Rogers Articles f 213. Helvetian Bazill Bohemian Belgique Augustan Saxon. Suevian Confessions the power is committed to those to whom God hath given the superiority to which Doctrine all protestant Churches subscribe as Apostolicall and Orthodoxall Å¿ Rogers Articles f 213. Helvetian Bazill Bohemian Belgique Augustan Saxon. Suevian Confessions But when wee examine how they conforme we shall finde that in direct opposition to us and other Reformed Churches Some of them say that Civill Magistrates have no power to ordaine Ceremonies pertaining to the Church 1 Tho. Cartwright 1. Reply p. 153. 2 Reply 2. part p. 4. as being no Church Officers at all Viretus Dialogue of white Devills One of them holds That if any Magistrates under the Title of authority and power that God hath given them will make the Ministers of the Church subject to them they doe verily set up a new Pope changing onely his Coat and Masque Indeed they will not allow the Magistrate to be pope but such will bee popes themselves and allow him no more power than the pope did Says Cartwright b T.C. 2. 2. 157. 161. The Prince may call a Councell of the Ministerie and appoynt time and place The very same sayes Saunders c Saunders lib. 2. c. 3. the papist might the Emperours doe of old d Cartwr 2. 2. p. 156. Harding p. 317. 312. The Counsels were not called Imperatoria but Episcopalia The Decrees made there may not be said to be done by the Princes Authority therefore the Canons of the Councells were called the Bishops not the Emperours The same sayes Harding the Emperours did not under-write definientes subscripsimus as the Bishops did but Consentientes e T. C. 2. R. p. 161. Saund. de Monarch l. 2. c. 3. Cartwright allows Princes to be present in Counsells to suppresse tumults The same does Harding allow them ad pacem concordiam retinendam ut nullum fieri tumultum permittant Nay the Magistrate is beholding to Mr. Cartwright f T. C. 2. 2. p. 164. 167. Harding pag 217. 314 to allow that hee may be an Assistant and have his voyce in their meetings and gives this reason for it That oftentimes a simple man and as the proverb saith the Gardner hath spoken to good pâ—rpose Mr. Harding yet allowes more to the popish Magistrates He sayes Ambassadors of States have honourable seats in all Councells may sit as assistants may give their advices may exhort the Bishops and subscribe with them But Cartwright will allow them no power there neyther to bee Moderator Determiner nor Iudge Nay they not onely have no power but they must bee subordinate to their Presbyters Magistrates u Ecclesiasticall Discipline p. 185. Lear. Discipl pag. 89. as well as other men must submit themselves and be obedient to the just and lawful Authoritie of the Church that is the Presbyterie And Travers w Travers pag 142. speaking of the power of the Lay Elders sayes It is just that Kings and Magistrates must obey them Neither is this Government changeable by the will or power of the Magistrate but 't is held that of necessity x Martin junior Thesis 22. all Christian Magistrates are bound for to receive this government Which sayes Snecanus If any Magistrate hinder let him be freely admonished of his duty If he doe not then submit let him be more exactly instructed that hee may serve God in feare y Bancroft fol. 134. Marry if this way there happen no good successe then let the Ministers of the Church execute their office without lingring and staying so long for a Parliament Which compulsive power in the Church holds me thinks some analogy with that of the Iesuites a Odoard West in Sarct juris Sect. 6. Ecclesia non solum praecâ—pit dirigit sed coeâ—cet disponit virtute potestatis gubernativae whose opinion is The Church not onely prescribes and directs but restraines and dispones by vertue of her Gubernative power Which positions are a language unknown amongst Protestants Melancthon tels us b Potest as Ecclesiae suum mâ—ndacum babet 〈◊〉 Non iriâ—mpaâ— in aliâ—nuÌ„ officiem non transferat regna mundi Non abroger leges Magistratuum non tollat legitimam obedientiam non impediat Iudicia de ullis civ libus ordinationibus aut contractibus non praescribat leges magist atibus de forma Reipublicae c. Augustan Confession Articulis fidei fol. 46. The Church hath her owne Rules and intrudes not into anothers office disposes no Crownes abrogates not the Lawes of Magistrates extinguishes not lawfull obedience stops not judgement in Civill causes nor prescribes Lawes to Magistrates But these will derive us another authoritie above the Magistrate They tell us a Counterp p. 12. Christ hath translated the Iewes Sanedrim into his Church That
there is no reason but the same Authoritie the Synagoge had under the Law should continue in the Church under the Gospell b Beza praefat ad libr. de excom verius fuit Synagogae sub lege c. That under the Law judgements betweene bloud and bloud between plea and plea c T. C. l. 2. p. â—7 Beza de excom 104. did belong to the Priests and that it was death for any man to rest in his determination To deduce this judiciall power to themselves they tell us Christ as a King not as a Priest or Prophet prescribed the forme of Ecclesiasticall government d Cartwr l. 2 p 240. And that every Eldership is the Tribunall seat of God e Bez. de Presbyt 124. That every well-ordered parish having a perfect Eldership is of equall authoritie f Cartwr l. 2. p. 419. So here we see every parochiall Presbyterie invested in Christs Throne claiming judiciall power immediately from Christ whereby as is set forth in the Geneva g Thes 83. Civiles quoque lites antequam Christiani essent Magistratus ex Apostolica Doctrina componebantur Discipline Civill contentions were compounded by the Elderships before there were any Christian Magistrates But how have they now lost that judiciall power No sayes Cartwright b Cartwright l. 1. p. 175. the same Authoritie which the Church had before there was a Christian Magistrate doth still continue And another would be glad to learn how this authority was translated from the Church unto the Civill Magistrate i Discourse of Discipl p. 118. 119. For saies Travers Heathen Princes being become Christians doe receive no further increase of their authority than they had when they were Pagans If so certainly in their esteeme all Civill Magistracie is but a meere usurpation upon the Tribunall of Christ the Eldership SECT 12. Presbyterie against Lawes BUt Kings Nobles Magistrates are all men subject to sins and infirmities and no reason the blind should lead them who have the light of truth Christ on his Throne fol. 67. being inwardly called and gifted as they say for the work of the Ministerie yet surely the Law is a perfect guid to which all men must give absolute obedience which is enjoyned by St. Paul Submit yourselves to every Ordinance of man 1 Pet. 2 13â— for the Lords sake This precept was so prevalent with the ancient Fathers that they conformed to the customes and rules of everie Church where they came St. Ambrose saies p Ambrosius in Epist 118. August ad Januarium Cum Romam venio jejuno Sabbato cum sum Mediolano non jejuno sic etiam tu ad quam forte Ecclesiam veneris eius morem serva si cuiquam non vis esse scandalo nec quenquam tibi When I come to Rome I fast the Sabboth at Millaine I fast not so also doe thou in what Church soever thou commest observe their Customes if thou wilt neither give scandall to others nor have others give offence to thee And St. Austin seemes much to be troubled at the refractorinesse of such spirits as are not conformable to the government of the places they live in q Sensienim saepe dolens gemens multas infirmorum perturbationes fieri per quorundam fratium contentiosam obstinationem superstitiosam timiditatem qui in rebus hujusmodi quae neque Scripturae authoritate neque universalis Eccclesiae Traditione neque vitae corrigendae utilitate ad certum possunt terminum pervenire tantum quia suhest qualiscunque ratiocinatio cogitantis aut quia in sua patria sic consuevit aut quia thi vivit ubi peregrinationem suam quo remotiorem á suis eo doctiorem factum putat tam litigiosas excitant quaestiones ut nisi quoâ— ipsi faciunt nihil rectum existiment St. August in Epist 118. ad Januarâ—â—m Often saies he do I think with sorrow and groanes what vaine perturbations arise from some weak brethren by their contentious obstinacie and superstitious feares in such things which neither by authoritie of Scripture nor universall tradition of the Church nor necessarie conformity of manners can bee reduc'd to any certaine terme onely because they find various matter of Argument or because it was so in such a Countrey or because they are so farre out of conceipt with their owne that they hold those things most authentick which differ most from their present practisee Hereupon raising so many litigious questions that they esteeme nothing right but their owne fancies To such obstinate Opinionators Master Calvin whose Discipline they would seeme to imitate though I feare they will scarce follow his Doctrine leaves this principle I desire such may bee admonished first not to wed themselves to their owne folly Secondly that in such frowardnesse they hinder not the building of the Church Thirdly that foolish emulation transport them not for what cause have such of brawling but shame to yeild to their betters r Calvin Epistola ad Anglos agentes Franckfordâ—ae Illos monitos esse cupio ne sibi in sua inscitia nimis placeant dei de ne sua pervicatia sancti Aedificu cursam retardent Tertio ne stulta eos aemulatio abripiat Nam quae illis rixandi causâ— nisi quia pudet melâ—oribus cedere Now how farre the Apostles precept the Fathers president or the advice of Mr. Calvin prevailes upon some of these to submit to men or Lawes or with what moderation they proceed to establish their owne new Discipline is observeable Posito uno absurdo sequuntur mille is a Rule in Schooles and now can they bee conformable subordinate to Law or Government who lay their Principles above all Lawes They tell us a Practice of Prelates D. 2. the Presbyter is the only band of peace That b T. Cart. lib. 1. Epist the want of Eldership is the cause of all evills That this Discipline c Idem l. 1. p. 6. 48. is no small part of the Gospell it is of the substance of it * Knox Exhortation pag. 35. 43. That it is the Gospell of the Kingdone of God d Register pag. 68. That without this Discipline there can bee no true Religion e T. Cart. lib. pag. 220. Idem Preface to the Demonstrat That they that reject this Discipiine refuse to have Christ reigne over them and denie him in effect to bee their King or their Lord. And thence conclude that if any refuse to have the Lord Iesus set up as Lord let him bee f Christ on his throne fol. 76. Anathema Maranatha Vpon these pillars advancing the Church above the reach of all humane power telling us that every visible Church g In the 8. unanswerable propositions printed 1641. Eatons Positions not 9. which they say is every parish is an independant bodie of it self and hath power from Christ her head who hath left perfect Lawes for the government thereof which are unalterable and
on those pillars of our State that prop up the regulated Fabrick of this glorious Monarchy and by cracking them wilfully burie themselves and us in the rubbish of that Chaos which they so pull upon their owne heads seeking to turne our freedome into fetters by cancelling our ancient Lawes the Charters of true liberty and exposing us eternall Apprentices to the Arbitrarie Jurisdiction of a new Corporation of Apron Elders Mechanick Artizans as if they had forgot the old Rule Haec natura multitudinis est aut humiliter servit aut superbè dominatur When we know the principle of the Religion of some of these is That every man should be equall for calling and that there should bee no difference of Persons amongst Christians o Sleidan Com. l. 5. And the Maxime of policy is that to erect a paritie where there are many Gentry they must first dispatch them out of the way p Machiavell SECT 14. Presbyteriall Discipline brings not libertie to the vulgar but introduces a meere Arbitrarie Government BUt perhaps to all this the common people lend a ready eare This still tends to the inlarging of their lov'd liberty 'T is true indeed here is a large designe of libertie The Presbyters must as I have shewed have power over Princes Nobles Magistrates bee subordinate to no Lawes concluded by no Parliament but bee an independent bodie of themselves and the common people must be their factors for this freedome And when they have done all what share shall these deluded people have of this dreame of libertie Is it any other than such as a poore prisoner for debt finds when he is released from the bonds of the Law by a Turkish pirate hee tugs hard at an Oare to waft his Rescuers from the reach of his just Creditors but when hee hath brought them to their wished haven he there sees himselfe seven fold more slave than he was in prison chained to his Gally without hopes of Redemption rest or possibilitie of avoyding stripes though all his life besides bee but one continued drudgerie 'T is plaine indeed we shall set the Presbyterie free from the government of men or reach of Lawes but let us examine if the whole constitution of their Discipline bee not to us a bondage Their first Maxime is to place themselves above the reach of man what they deny as a Treasonable challenge in the Bishops against the prerogative of Princes they boldly assume to themselves to the little Bishop absolute Pope of every parish that their office is jure Divino q 8. Propositions printed 1641. Eatons Positions 6. 9. Every visible Church being an independent body of it selfe having power from Christ her head to binde and loose to receive in and cast out by the Keyes of the Kingdome whereby neither to their office nor authoritie doth either King or potentate man or Law contribute any thing not so much as in ordination of particular Ministers for they tell us r Christ on his throne fol. 67. Some Protestants are of opinion that Ordination cannot be performed but by a Prelate or at least by Ministers onely without whose imposition of hands it were no Ordination as is if it did conferre such an order Whereas say they the prime and proper conferring of this Order is by Christ himselfe inwardly calling and gifting a man for the worke of the Ministerie And though the Evangelist saies in the eighth to the Acts ſ Acts 8.18 That through laying on of the Apostles hands the Holy Ghost was given And St. Paul explaines it fully to be interpreted of Election into the Ministery charging Timothy t 1 Tim. 4.14 Not to neglect the gift that is in thee which was given thee by Prophesie with the laying on of the hands of the Presbyterie which they confesse was frequent in the Apostles times u Christ on his throne 68. Yet afterwards say they in successive ages there was no such gift annexed to the laying on of hands w Christ on his throne Prelacy misery fol. 7. Eatons Positions 2. but that the election of Ministers was by every Congregation respectively With this false pretence of power That to the people belonged the laying on of their hands as a token of their approbation and confirmation of him that is chosen working upon the vulgar who are ready to snatch at every shadow of liberty to advance their Hierarchy Though they must know as soone as they have done that they have raised a spirit they have not power to lay again for then they tell them the worke of their owne hands These new created x Chorda Angliae fol. 8. Proposition the 9. If any be so hardy as but to speak evill of any Minister or mis-name them he is to bee imprisoned Lawes of Geneva fol. 71. Pastors must be reverently respected and that the people bee not suffered in any wise to scandalize them nor have power to depose them or put them out whom before they have made choyce of But their position is A man once made a Minister is not to be kept back from preaching by the Inhibition of any creature y Martin Junior Thesis 106. No sooner advanc'd but straight the Scene is changed they write up actum est it is finished their worke is done and then the people that have all this while beene taught to value themselves z Buchani de jure regni fol 73. Populum á quo reges nostri habent quicquid juris sibi vendicant regibus esse potentiorem jusque idem in eos habere multitudinem quod illi in singulosé multitudine habent above the power of Kings who challenge all their right from them and that the multitude hath the same power over Kings that Kings have over every one of the multitude that it was their Office to pull downe Prelates and reforme Religion a Knox to the Communalty fol. 49. must now learne another lesson and know their distance That Oves non possunt judicare Pastores The Presbyter is no sooner in his chaire but he is presently a Iudge And if any heresie prophanenesse or Idolatrie creep into the Church he may root it out b Prelacy is miserie fol. 7. And not onely judge of Schismes or Heresies in poynts of Doctrine or faith but he with his Elders become absolute Chancellors over our Lives Families and Estates If we examine the latitude of their Commission wee shall finde it extend to no lesse one tells us the Minister and Elders are weekly to meet for censuring delinquents in swearing cursing prophanation of the Lords Day drinking Fornication adulterie and for debating of Heresies and superstitions c. c A report of the form of Church government by a Presbyterie And if any be suspected or if there be any scandall in the bounds proceeding with the censures of the Kirk against them that all transgressors may be brought to repentance or separated from the people of God Some
by the protection of the Lawes as with a partition Wall against the spoyle of vermine vulgar the Boares of the Forrest that would root up our plants wed and prun'd from inbred Weed and Canker by the skilfull hand of Parlaments should now be all cast into the lump laid common All become yoke-fellowes beare the bonds of such boundlesse Disciplinarians which hold themselves subordinate neither to Emperours Kings Princes Magistrates Lawes Parliaments Presbyteries Synods Assemblies nor any thing they ever meane to reckon with in this world but onely to Iesus Christ their Head Such as these rather appeare to bee of the followers of Jehu the sonne of Nimshi for they drive furiously x 2 Kings 9.20 who walk'd in the wayes of Ieroboam Then of those undefiled Virgins that follow the Lambe whithersoever hee goeth y Revelation 14 4. Wee know that the meek he will guid in judgement and the meeke will he teach his way z Psal 25.9 But such as have bitter envying and strife in their hearts This wisedome descendeth not from above bus is earthly sensuall devillish * Iames 3.17 SECT 16. The vaine excuse that Lay Elders shall moderate them refuted YEt some have a fine veile to blinde the eyes of the willing and certainly none see lesse than the wilfully blind that this is a mixt government we shall have Lay Elders amongst them to moderate the extravagancies of the pastors and we need not feare but they will looke to them Alas how vaine a shadow is this when wee looke upon it but with the light of reason Are we not taught these Elders must bee chosen by the voyce of the people and are not these people taught by the pastors subordinate to them the Elders being but temporary for halfe a yeare or a yâ—are is it probable they shall have that dependance upon one another they shall have that interest in the parish as hee that is perpetuus Dictator Chancellour Arbiter for life in his petty popedome Some men talke of dumbe Dogs and certainly he will be held such that cannot so bestir himselfe in his parish as to have all their votes follow his who hath such absolute power over every mans person family and estate a Hunting of the Fox c Ec. 2. a S. Snecanus de Disciplâ—na Ecclesiae pag. 456. If then by this rule every little parish Church should have seven such Elders at the least and every great Church thirteene and these people at the devotions of their pastor of their Chancellour wee have then instantly no lesse than a hundred thousand Church-governours besides their adherents which admitted wee are sure in danger never to recover a free Parliament againe and in stead of 26. Bishops whose deputation is from whose dependance is upon the King as supreame whose temporall power is wholly derived from limited by the Lawes whose persons are easily responsible to Parliaments for any deviation from the rules of Law wee should thus expose our selves to an irrecoverable subjection to a multitude whose Election is prescribed to Iure Divino immediately from Christ Iesus who are the carvers of their owne Government b View of the Prelaticall Church fol. 41. Their Nationall Assembly to be gathered once in three years to make Canons and to establish Ecclesiasticall Government This independant of Parliaments accomptable to none but Christ Jesus either for Doctrine or Discipline and if in time found to be extravagant from or destructive to all Lawes and Government yet the Parliament shall then have an Hoast to encounter and not a few Delinquents to punish May not their owne words be more properly inverted upon such than on the Bishops c Englands complaint to Iesus Christ against the Caâ—ons Such Presbyteriall Government and Jurisdiction it is meerly papall though not in the first degree the Pope usurping an universall power over all the Churches in the world yet in a second Everie pastor in his Diocesse his parish exercising a papall power and so doth cunningly undermine the Royall Office and overthrow Gods sacred Ordinance who hath given a power and charge to Kings to suppresse all such Ecclesiasticall Tyranny over the soules of his people Yet perhaps it may be sayd though their government bee thus wholly sever'd from the Parliaments and stands a part by it selfe our Lay Elders shall have vote among them in all their Synods and Assemblies who may have a care to ballance the scale 'twixt Church and State But are wee not told Some one Elder of each Parish appoynted by the particular Kirk Sessions and the whole Ministerie of those Churches meet c. Whereto if their Doctors and Teachers bee admitted they are double in number to the Lay-men if equall one Lay Elder inclining to their partie turnes the scale if not yet how incapable in respect of abilities how inactive in respect of Spirit these annuall temporary Officers must needs be in comparison of this powerfull preaching ministerie which hath such absolute authority over the soules of their parishioners every man may foresee with halfe an eye SECT 17. No reformed Church gives any president parallell with ours BUT many of us will not trust or trouble our owne judgement to rifle into the consequences of things but wee cry out how doe other Reformed Churches Gens humana novitatis avida and no Nation more unfortunately more improvidently prone to follow fashions than we And alas whence can we fetch a patterne that the freedome of our State considered would not render us miserable Can the French be any president to us who live under a Monarch of another Religion who will allow them no Sea no Diocesse no meanes for a Bishop whose Bishops will admit no sub-Bishops of another faith under their jurisdiction Therefore what necessitie makes to them Law must we make our choyce Is it the position of their Church to exclude them Shall wee beleeve Moulin himselfe he saies d Moulins Buckler of the faith the 30. Article fol. 3. 45. Our adversaries unjustly accuse us to be enemies of the Episcopall Order for we must be altogether ignorant of Histories if we do not know that all antiquitie speakes honourably of that degree The Geneva Discipline many dote upon not knowing what it is nor how consistent with our State That which makes our common people so greedily embrace this desired change is the frequent preaching and possessing them of an interest in the power of the Keyes if they follow that president they 'le finde themselves deceived Beza tells us e De gradibus Ministerii cap. 11. In Geneva the Elders are chosen yearely not of the baser sort of people but of the order of 25. 60. or 200. men which bee the Counsels of that State Nor was that government of choyse as fittest but of necessity Their Bishop was also their Prince Franciscus Bonivardus sayes 1124. The Bishop fained of Emperour Frederick ut ille solus Genevae principatum obtineret Regali jure who