the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n because_o it_o may_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o party_n themselves_o if_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n do_v afterward_o act_v contrary_a to_o this_o protestation_n they_o take_v away_o all_o the_o force_n of_o it_o 2._o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o this_o protestation_n be_v such_o as_o do_v most_o evident_o preserve_v their_o right_n to_o be_v personal_o present_a on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o peerage_n and_o barony_n and_o the_o great_a design_n of_o a_o protestation_n be_v to_o preserve_v a_o right_n notwithstanding_o some_o act_n which_o seem_v to_o destroy_v it_o as_o their_o absent_v themselves_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o canon_n may_v seem_v to_o do_v but_o of_o this_o already_o 3._o we_o be_v now_o to_o consider_v the_o three_o point_n whether_o on_o supposition_n that_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o canon-law_n the_o bishop_n have_v always_o withdraw_v in_o the_o time_n of_o popery_n that_o have_v continue_v in_o force_n still_o since_o the_o reformation_n i_o think_v not_o upon_o these_o reason_n 1._o because_o the_o canon-law_n be_v found_v upon_o a_o superstitious_a fancy_n viz._n that_o if_o clergyman_n be_v present_a in_o cause_n of_o blood_n they_o contract_v irregularity_n ex_fw-la defectu_fw-la perfectae_fw-la lenitatis_fw-la 27._o as_o the_o excellent_a canonist_n navarr_n sai_z because_o it_o argue_v a_o want_n of_o perfect_a lenity_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o case_n they_o allow_v which_o do_v not_o incur_v irregularity_n and_o those_o they_o do_v not_o allow_v which_o do_v incur_v it_o we_o shall_v find_v all_o this_o stir_n in_o the_o canon-law_n about_o this_o matter_n to_o be_v only_o a_o superstitious_a kind_n of_o hypocrisy_n 1._o if_o a_o man_n in_o order_n give_v another_o man_n weapon_n without_o which_o he_o can_v not_o defend_v himself_o and_o by_o those_o weapon_n he_o maim_n he_o that_o assault_v he_o this_o do_v not_o make_v he_o irregular_a but_o if_o he_o kill_v he_o it_o do_v and_o yet_o the_o canon_n make_v the_o case_n of_o dismember_a and_o death_n the_o same_o 2._o it_o make_v a_o man_n act_n against_o the_o law_n or_o nature_n to_o prevent_v irregularity_n for_o they_o say_v if_o it_o be_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o father_n or_o mother_n or_o prevent_v the_o ruin_n of_o his_o country_n although_o the_o cause_n be_v never_o so_o just_a a_o clergyman_n that_o dismember_v or_o take_v away_o another_o life_n be_v irregular_a 3._o if_o a_o clergyman_n discover_v treason_n or_o accuse_v another_o for_o treason_n without_o a_o protestation_n that_o he_o do_v not_o do_v it_o with_o a_o design_n to_o have_v he_o punish_v he_o be_v irregular_a but_o if_o he_o make_v that_o protestation_n although_o death_n follow_v he_o be_v not_o 4._o if_o a_o clergyman_n be_v in_o a_o army_n and_o persuade_v the_o soldier_n to_o fight_v manful_o and_o kill_v as_o many_o as_o they_o can_v this_o do_v not_o make_v he_o irregular_a nigh_o although_o he_o beat_v they_o if_o they_o will_v not_o fight_v but_o if_o he_o happen_v to_o kill_v a_o enemy_n himself_o than_o he_o be_v 5._o if_o he_o give_v a_o soldier_n a_o sword_n or_o a_o gun_n by_o which_o he_o dispatch_v his_o enemy_n if_o he_o do_v it_o with_o a_o particular_a intention_n that_o he_o shall_v slay_v or_o maim_v they_o he_o be_v irregular_a if_o only_o with_o a_o general_a intention_n that_o he_o shall_v overcome_v he_o be_v not_o this_o be_v somewhat_o a_o nice_a case_n the_o canonist_n take_v more_o than_o usual_a pain_n to_o prove_v it_o and_o from_o hence_o they_o defend_v their_o priest_n and_o jesuit_n in_o the_o indies_n who_o carry_v the_o cross_n before_o their_o army_n into_o the_o field_n and_o encourage_v they_o to_o kill_v all_o they_o can_v and_o yet_o navarr_n say_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v irregular_a that_o they_o be_v regularissimi_fw-la as_o his_o word_n be_v 6._o if_o a_o man_n to_o gain_v a_o indulgence_n carry_v a_o faggot_n to_o burn_v a_o heretic_n if_o it_o be_v with_o a_o design_n to_o take_v away_o his_o life_n he_o be_v irregular_a but_o if_o he_o be_v hang_v first_o or_o dead_a before_o it_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o fire_n than_o he_o be_v not_o 7._o if_o a_o man_n in_o order_n help_v a_o chirurgeon_n in_o cut_v off_o a_o man_n leg_n he_o be_v not_o irregular_a but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v just_o condemn_v to_o have_v his_o leg_n cut_v off_o if_o he_o than_o give_v any_o assistence_n he_o be_v irregular_a because_o the_o one_o be_v move_v out_o of_o mercy_n and_o the_o other_o out_o of_o justice_n 8._o if_o the_o bishop_n sit_v and_o condemn_v a_o man_n for_o heresy_n and_o deliver_v he_o over_o to_o the_o secular_a power_n for_o execution_n yet_o they_o free_v this_o from_o irregularity_n or_o else_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o inquisition_n be_v lose_v this_o seem_v a_o very_a difficult_a case_n but_o the_o canonist_n salve_v this_o 6._o by_o say_v that_o the_o inquisitour_n when_o they_o deliver_v they_o over_o to_o the_o secular_a power_n do_v pray_v that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v hurt_v either_o wind_n or_o limb_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o form_n use_v in_o the_o directorium_fw-la inquisitorum_fw-la and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o the_o height_n of_o hypocrisy_n let_v the_o world_n judge_n and_o therefore_o this_o part_n of_o the_o canon-law_n be_v not_o consistent_a with_o the_o sincerity_n of_o the_o reformation_n 2._o this_o part_n of_o canon-law_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o king_n power_n over_o ecclesiastical_a person_n for_o it_o suppose_v they_o liable_a to_o the_o penalty_n of_o a_o law_n which_o he_o have_v no_o cognisance_n of_o and_o derive_v no_o force_n or_o authority_n from_o he_o which_o tend_v to_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n royal_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v null_v by_o the_o stat._n 25_o h._n viii_o c._n 19_o i_o do_v very_o much_o question_n whether_o this_o ever_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o canon-law_n of_o england_n notwithstanding_o the_o pope_n decretal_n i_o e._n whether_o these_o canon_n ever_o receive_v confirmation_n by_o the_o royal_a authority_n either_o in_o synodal_n constitution_n or_o elsewhere_o and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o very_a hard_a case_n if_o our_o king_n have_v not_o the_o same_o privilege_n which_o be_v allow_v in_o popish_a country_n viz._n that_o nothing_o pass_v for_o canon-law_n within_o their_o territory_n till_o it_o pass_v the_o examination_n of_o the_o king_n council_n and_o approbation_n by_o his_o authority_n thence_o in_o france_n nothing_o pass_v without_o the_o king_n pareatis_fw-la nor_o in_o spain_n or_o flanders_n without_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n placet_fw-la no_o nor_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n without_o the_o royal_a exequatur_fw-la it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o 6._o book_n of_o decretal_n be_v not_o allow_v in_o france_n because_o of_o the_o quarrel_n between_o the_o king_n and_o boniface_n viii_o and_o that_o even_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n itself_o be_v not_o allow_v by_o philip_n ii_o till_o it_o have_v be_v strict_o examine_v by_o the_o king_n council_n that_o nothing_o may_v be_v allow_v which_o tend_v to_o the_o diminution_n of_o his_o prerogative_n how_o then_o will_v man_n justify_v the_o make_n that_o a_o part_n of_o the_o canon-law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o deprive_v the_o king_n of_o the_o power_n of_o take_v advice_n of_o those_o of_o his_o subject_n who_o he_o have_v summon_v for_o that_o end_n 3._o the_o sanction_n of_o this_o law_n be_v cease_v which_o be_v irregularity_n and_o some_o of_o our_o most_o learned_a judge_n have_v declare_v that_o be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o reformation_n but_o in_o case_n any_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n i_o shall_v urge_v they_o with_o this_o inconveniency_n viz._n that_o the_o great_a instrument_n of_o discover_v the_o plot_n fall_v under_o irregularity_n by_o it_o for_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a by_o the_o canon-law_n that_o a_o man_n in_o order_n accuse_v other_o of_o treason_n without_o make_v his_o due_a protestation_n in_o court_n be_v irregular_a but_o if_o this_o be_v now_o think_v unreasonable_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o person_n of_o a_o accuser_n why_o shall_v it_o not_o be_v so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o judge_n and_o if_o the_o irregularity_n be_v take_v away_o than_o the_o sanction_n be_v go_v and_o if_o the_o sanction_n be_v take_v off_o in_o a_o mere_a positive_a law_n the_o force_n of_o the_o law_n be_v go_v too_o and_o therefore_o this_o canon-law_n which_o forbid_v clergyman_n be_v present_a in_o capital_a case_n and_o give_v vote_n therein_o be_v whole_o take_v away_o by_o the_o reformation_n and_o we_o do_v not_o find_v any_o mention_n of_o it_o for_o 80_o year_n and_o more_o after_o the_o reformation_n till_o about_o the_o
time_n these_o thing_n i_o have_v lay_v together_o with_o all_o possible_a brevity_n and_o clearness_n that_o in_o one_o view_n we_o may_v see_v a_o consent_n of_o all_o these_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n in_o call_v bishop_n to_o their_o public_a council_n and_o most_o solemn_a debate_n and_o how_o far_o they_o be_v from_o think_v such_o employment_n inconsistent_a with_o their_o sacred_a function_n and_o charge_v they_o that_o thereby_o they_o leave_v the_o word_n of_o god_n to_o serve_v table_n neither_o can_v this_o be_v look_v on_o as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o degeneracy_n of_o the_o church_n or_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o papacy_n since_o as_o the_o forecited_n arumaeus_n say_v they_o be_v admit_v to_o this_o honour_n before_o the_o papal_a power_n be_v advance_v and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o carry_v on_o the_o pope_n design_n that_o they_o be_v in_o most_o country_n the_o great_a opposer_n of_o they_o and_o when_o the_o pope_n begin_v to_o set_v up_o their_o monarchy_n their_o business_n be_v to_o draw_v they_o off_o from_o meet_v in_o these_o council_n under_o several_a pretence_n of_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o other_o thing_n the_o better_a to_o keep_v they_o in_o a_o sole_a dependency_n on_o themselves_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a discourse_n 2._o the_o next_o thing_n suggest_v be_v that_o the_o imperial_a law_n do_v forbid_v clergyman_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o secular_a matter_n 4._o and_o for_o this_o a_o rescript_n of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n be_v mention_v and_o a_o decree_n of_o justinian_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o the_o imperial_a edict_n be_v not_o the_o law_n of_o england_n our_o dispute_n be_v about_o a_o right_n by_o our_o own_o law_n which_o a_o rescript_n of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n can_v neither_o give_v nor_o take_v away_o what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o our_o government_n and_o of_o our_o just_a right_n and_o property_n if_o the_o produce_v of_o imperial_a edict_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o overthrow_v they_o when_o the_o bishop_n once_o plead_v hard_o in_o parliament_n in_o behalf_n of_o a_o imperial_a constitution_n late_o adopt_v into_o the_o canon-law_n the_o answer_v give_v by_o all_o the_o temporal_a lord_n be_v 3._o nolumus_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la mutare_fw-la quae_fw-la huc_fw-la usque_fw-la usitatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o approbatae_fw-la they_o do_v not_o mean_a they_o will_v make_v no_o alteration_n in_o parliament_n for_o that_o very_a parliament_n do_v so_o in_o several_a thing_n but_o their_o meaning_n be_v 2._o as_o mr._n selden_n observe_v that_o they_o own_v neither_o canon_n nor_o imperial_a law_n here_o any_o far_a than_o they_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n 2._o the_o imperial_a constitution_n do_v give_v liberty_n to_o churchman_n to_o have_v to_o do_v in_o secular_a affair_n the_o emperor_n constantine_n who_o constitution_n deserve_v as_o great_a regard_n as_o those_o of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n to_o show_v his_o respect_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n permit_v all_o man_n to_o bring_v their_o cause_n before_o the_o bishop_n without_o ever_o go_v to_o the_o other_o tribunal_n 9_o as_o sozomen_n a_o lawyer_n of_o constantinople_n relate_v and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a foundation_n of_o the_o constitution_n de_fw-fr episcopali_fw-la judicio_fw-la as_o gothofred_n confess_v which_o be_v at_o large_a insert_v into_o the_o capitular_o baluz_n with_o a_o more_o than_o usual_a introduction_n and_o make_v a_o law_n to_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o empire_n frank_n saxon_n lombard_n briton_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o considerable_a to_o these_o part_n then_o a_o bare_a rescript_n of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n and_o yet_o these_o very_a emperor_n 8._o in_o a_o constitution_n of_o they_o do_v so_o far_o ratify_v the_o judgement_n of_o bishop_n upon_o trial_n by_o consent_n before_o they_o that_o no_o appeal_n do_v lie_v from_o their_o decree_n what_o rescript_n then_o be_v this_o of_o they_o which_o so_o utter_o forbid_v clegy-man_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o public_a function_n or_o thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o court_n i_o suppose_v that_o constitution_n of_o honorius_n be_v mean_v which_o confine_v the_o bishop_n power_n to_o what_o concern_v religion_n and_o leave_v other_o cause_n to_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n and_o the_o course_n of_o law_n but_o two_o thing_n be_v well_o observe_v by_o jac._n gothofred_n concern_v this_o rescript_n of_o honorius_n 1._o 1._o that_o it_o be_v mean_v of_o absolute_a and_o peremptory_a judgement_n without_o appeal_n 2._o that_o whatever_o be_v mean_v by_o it_o not_o many_o year_n after_o this_o constitution_n be_v repeal_v by_o honorius_n himself_o and_o the_o bishop_n sentence_n make_v as_o absolute_a as_o before_o so_o that_o honorius_n be_v clear_o against_o he_o if_o a_o man_n second_o judgement_n and_o thought_n be_v better_a 3._o the_o practice_n of_o the_o best_a man_n in_o those_o age_n show_v that_o they_o think_v no_o law_n in_o force_n to_o forbid_v churchman_n to_o meddle_v in_o secular_a affair_n as_o may_v be_v at_o large_a prove_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o gregory_n thaumaturgus_n and_o s._n basil_n in_o the_o east_n 37._o of_o silvanus_n bishop_n of_o troas_n of_o s._n ambrose_n s._n augustine_n and_o other_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o devout_a churchman_n of_o those_o time_n 24._o and_o s._n augustine_n be_v so_o far_o from_o think_v it_o unlawful_a 24._o that_o in_o his_o opinion_n s._n paul_n command_v the_o bishop_n to_o do_v it_o constituit_fw-la enim_fw-la talibus_fw-la causis_fw-la ecclesiasticos_fw-la apostolus_fw-la cognitores_fw-la and_o the_o learned_a gothofred_n of_o geneva_n say_v judicio_fw-la mos_fw-la hic_fw-la frequens_fw-la &_o legitimus_fw-la eundi_fw-la ad_fw-la judices_fw-la episcopos_fw-la it_o be_v then_o a_o common_a and_o legal_a practice_n to_o go_v to_o bishop_n as_o to_o their_o judge_n which_o will_v never_o have_v be_v if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o law_n in_o force_n to_o forbid_v bishop_n meddle_v in_o secular_a affair_n 4._o the_o emperor_n still_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o power_n of_o dispense_n with_o their_o own_o rescript_n and_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n 7._o therefore_o the_o council_n of_o sardica_n when_o it_o prohibit_v bishop_n go_v to_o court_n except_v the_o prince_n call_v they_o thither_o upon_o which_o balsamon_n have_v this_o note_n that_o although_o the_o canon_n prohibit_v yet_o if_o the_o emperor_n command_v the_o bishop_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v and_o to_o do_v what_o he_o command_v they_o without_o any_o fault_n either_o in_o the_o emperor_n or_o they_o and_o in_o other_o place_n he_o assert_v the_o emperor_n power_n of_o dispense_n with_o the_o strict_a canon_n against_o churchmen_n meddle_v in_o secular_a affair_n chalced._n thence_o he_o say_v the_o metropolitan_a of_o side_n be_v chief_a minister_n of_o state_n under_o michael_n ducas_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o neocaesarea_n make_v the_o law_n of_o the_o admiralty_n for_o greece_n and_o the_o gloss_n upon_o iustinian_n novel_n observe_v 2._o that_o bishop_n may_v meddle_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o their_o prince_n call_v they_o to_o it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o present_a case_n for_o the_o bishop_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v to_o serve_v he_o in_o the_o public_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o therefore_o no_o imperial_a rescript_n if_o it_o be_v of_o force_n in_o england_n can_v have_v any_o in_o this_o case_n which_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o imperial_a law_n themselves_o 5._o there_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n about_o iustinian_n decree_n 41._o for_o the_o bishop_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v in_o it_o but_o the_o defensores_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la who_o be_v lawyer_n or_o advocate_n of_o the_o church_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o constitution_n of_o honorius_n where_o gothofred_n prove_v they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o in_o order_n 38._o it_o be_v true_a justinian_n do_v appropriate_v the_o probat_fw-la of_o will_n to_o the_o master_n of_o his_o revenue_n but_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n testam_fw-la as_o lindwood_n observe_v have_v alter_v that_o constitution_n and_o which_o must_v we_o regard_v more_o justinian_n or_o our_o own_o law_n i_o find_v one_o thing_n more_o suggest_v by_o way_n of_o prejudice_n to_o the_o cause_n in_o hand_n viz._n the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n 4._o which_o have_v provide_v a_o writ_n upon_o a_o clergy-man_n be_v choose_v a_o officer_n in_o a_o manor_n say_v it_o be_v contra_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o non_fw-la consonum_fw-la the_o argument_n have_v be_v altogether_o as_o good_a if_o it_o have_v be_v take_v from_o a_o minister_n of_o a_o parish_n not_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o office_n of_o constable_n and_o it_o have_v as_o effectual_o prove_v that_o clergyman_n ought_v not_o to_o meddle_v in_o secular_a
affair_n chap._n ii_o the_o right_n in_o point_n of_o law_n debate_v concern_v the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n and_o the_o protestation_n 11_o r._n 2._o have_v remove_v these_o general_n prejudices_fw-la i_o now_o come_v to_o debate_v more_o close_o the_o main_a point_n for_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n undertake_v to_o prove_v that_o bishop_n can_v by_o law_n give_v vote_n in_o capital_a case_n in_o parliament_n 68_o which_o he_o do_v two_o way_n 1._o by_o statute-law_n 2._o by_o use_n and_o custom_n which_o he_o say_v be_v parlament-law_n and_o for_o this_o he_o produce_v many_o precedent_n i._o for_o statute-law_n two_o ratification_n he_o say_v there_o have_v be_v of_o it_o in_o parliament_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n and_o the_o 11_o r._n 2._o 1._o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n 69._o which_o he_o look_v on_o as_o the_o more_o considerable_a because_o they_o be_v not_o the_o enact_v of_o new_a law_n but_o a_o declaration_n of_o what_o be_v before_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o value_v they_o too_o and_o shall_v be_v content_a this_o cause_n stand_v or_o fall_v by_o they_o the_o constitution_n in_o debate_n be_v the_o 11_o the_o which_o be_v thus_o repeat_v and_o translate_v in_o the_o letter_n archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o universae_fw-la personae_fw-la regni_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la habeant_fw-la possessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la sicut_fw-la baroniam_fw-la &_o inde_fw-la respondeant_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la &_o ministris_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o sequantur_fw-la &_o faciant_fw-la omnes_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la regias_fw-la et_fw-la sicut_fw-la ceteri_fw-la barones_n debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curie_n regis_fw-la quousque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la ad_fw-la diminutionem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o all_o the_o dignify_a clergy_n of_o the_o land_n that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v hold_v their_o possession_n from_o the_o king_n as_o a_o barony_n and_o answer_v for_o their_o estate_n unto_o the_o king_n justice_n and_o minister_n and_o shall_v observe_v and_o obey_v all_o the_o king_n law_n and_o together_o with_o the_o other_o baron_n they_o be_v to_o be_v present_a at_o all_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n court_n till_o it_o come_v to_o require_v either_o loss_n of_o member_n or_o life_n the_o argument_n from_o hence_o he_o enforce_v from_o the_o solemn_a recognition_n and_o public_a confirmation_n of_o these_o constitution_n 72._o and_o the_o oath_n take_v to_o observe_v they_o from_o whence_o he_o conclude_v this_o to_o be_v testimonium_fw-la irrefragabile_fw-la a_o irrefragable_a and_o invincible_a testimony_n and_o so_o i_o foresee_v it_o will_v prove_v but_o to_o a_o quite_o contrary_a purpose_n from_o what_o he_o intend_v it_o the_o whole_a question_n depend_v upon_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o latter_a clause_n of_o this_o constitution_n the_o meaning_n he_o give_v of_o it_o be_v this_o 61._o that_o the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n shall_v not_o be_v present_a at_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n court_n when_o loss_n of_o member_n or_o life_n be_v in_o question_n the_o meaning_n of_o it_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v this_o that_o the_o bishop_n be_v require_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o king_n court_n as_o other_o baron_n be_v till_o they_o come_v to_o give_v sentence_n as_o to_o dismember_n or_o loss_n of_o life_n whether_o of_o these_o be_v the_o true_a meaning_n be_v now_o to_o be_v consider_v and_o that_o will_v best_o be_v discover_v these_o three_o way_n 1._o by_o the_o occasion_n 2._o by_o the_o plain_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n according_a to_o their_o true_a read_n 3._o by_o the_o subsequent_a practice_n upon_o this_o constitution_n in_o the_o parliament_n at_o northampton_n soon_o after_o 1._o by_o the_o occasion_n the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n assign_v that_o occasion_n for_o this_o constitution_n for_o which_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o colour_n viz._n that_o the_o prelate_n of_o that_o time_n be_v ambitious_a of_o a_o kind_n of_o omnipotency_n 73._o in_o judicature_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v and_o that_o to_o restrain_v their_o power_n of_o judge_v capital_a case_n this_o constitution_n be_v make_v and_o because_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o diminution_n of_o their_o power_n therefore_o matt._n paris_n rank_n it_o among_o the_o consuetudines_fw-la iniquas_fw-la the_o wicked_a custom_n of_o the_o former_a time_n for_o all_o which_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o shadow_n of_o proof_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v so_o repugnant_a to_o the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n that_o i_o can_v hardly_o believe_v a_o person_n of_o so_o much_o learning_n and_o judgement_n as_o be_v common_o say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n can_v betray_v so_o much_o unskilfulness_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o those_o time_n for_o this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v true_a that_o the_o bishop_n do_v then_o affect_v such_o a_o power_n of_o judge_v in_o all_o secular_a cause_n that_o they_o look_v on_o their_o attendance_n in_o the_o king_n court_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o cause_n as_o a_o burden_n which_o they_o will_v fain_o have_v be_v rid_v of_o because_o they_o account_v it_o a_o mark_n of_o subjection_n to_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o contrary_a to_o that_o ecclesiastical_a liberty_n or_o independency_n on_o prince_n which_o from_o the_o day_n of_o gregory_n vii_o they_o have_v be_v endeavour_v to_o set_v up_o which_o h._n ii_o be_v very_o sensible_a of_o resolve_v to_o tie_v they_o to_o the_o service_n of_o their_o barony_n and_o to_o a_o attendance_n on_o the_o king_n court_n together_o with_o other_o baron_n but_o lest_o they_o shall_v pretend_v any_o force_n on_o their_o conscience_n as_o to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n this_o constitution_n do_v not_o require_v but_o suffer_v they_o to_o withdraw_v when_o they_o come_v to_o sentence_n in_o matter_n of_o blood_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o true_a occasion_n i_o prove_v by_o these_o two_o invincible_a argument_n 1._o by_o the_o complaint_n which_o they_o make_v of_o the_o barony_n as_o too_o great_a a_o mark_n of_o subjection_n to_o the_o civil_a power_n this_o be_v plain_a from_o matt._n paris_n 1070._o himself_o to_o who_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n refer_v for_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o william_n the_o conquerour_n bring_v the_o temporalty_n of_o the_o bishop_n into_o the_o condition_n of_o barony_n i._n e._n force_v they_o to_o hold_v they_o of_o he_o in_o chief_a upon_o certain_a duty_n and_o service_n he_o call_v it_o constitutionem_fw-la pessimam_fw-la a_o most_o wicked_a constitution_n just_a as_o he_o call_v the_o custom_n of_o clarendon_n consuetudines_fw-la iniquas_fw-la wicked_a custom_n and_o he_o add_v that_o many_o be_v banish_v rather_o than_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o that_o constitution_n for_o their_o privilege_n be_v so_o great_a with_o the_o frankalmoign_a they_o enjoy_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n and_o their_o desire_n so_o hearty_a especial_o among_o the_o monk_n who_o from_o edgar_n time_n have_v get_v into_o most_o cathedral_n church_n to_o advance_v the_o papal_a monarchy_n that_o they_o rather_o choose_v to_o quit_v all_o then_o to_o give_v up_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o church_n liberty_n by_o accept_v of_o barony_n therefore_o matt._n paris_n call_v the_o roll_n that_o be_v make_v of_o the_o service_n belong_v to_o these_o barony_n rotulas_fw-la ecclesiasticae_fw-la servitutis_fw-la the_o roll_n of_o ecclesiastical_a slavery_n than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o contrary_a to_o that_o ecclesiastical_a liberty_n which_o be_v then_o set_v up_o by_o pope_n hildebrand_n and_o to_o put_v this_o out_o of_o all_o dispute_n petrus_n blesensis_n a_o name_n well_o know_v in_o this_o dispute_n in_o that_o very_a book_n where_o he_o complain_v of_o the_o bishop_n hypocrisy_n about_o case_n of_o blood_n in_o be_v present_a at_o hear_v and_o try_v cause_n but_o go_v out_o at_o sentence_n complain_v likewise_o of_o their_o barony_n as_o those_o which_o give_v occasion_n to_o that_o hypocrisy_n and_o as_o the_o mark_n of_o the_o vile_a slavery_n 451._o et_fw-la in_o occasione_n turpissimae_fw-la servitutis_fw-la seipsos_fw-la barones_n appellant_n they_o may_v think_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v call_v the_o king_n baron_n but_o he_o account_v it_o the_o great_a slavery_n and_o apply_v that_o place_n of_o scripture_n to_o they_o they_o have_v reign_v but_o not_o by_o i_o they_o be_v become_v prince_n and_o i_o know_v they_o not_o now_o pet._n blesensis_n live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n ii_o and_o know_v the_o whole_a proceed_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n and_o be_v a_o zealous_a maintainer_n of_o becket_n cause_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n as_o they_o call_v they_o against_o the_o civil_a power_n 2._o by_o the_o fierce_a contest_v between_o the_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a
and_o fundamental_a policy_n of_o that_o be_v the_o same_o with_o england_n and_o he_o that_o believe_v the_o subject_n make_v the_o three_o estate_n there_o can_v never_o believe_v the_o king_n to_o be_v one_o of_o they_o here_o the_o next_o authority_n be_v of_o king_n charles_n i._o 100_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o 19_o proposition_n june_n 2._o 1642._o wherein_o he_o tell_v the_o two_o house_n that_o neither_o one_o estate_n shall_v transact_v what_o be_v proper_a for_o two_o nor_o two_o what_o be_v proper_a for_o three_o to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o penner_n of_o that_o answer_n be_v so_o intent_n upon_o the_o main_a business_n viz._n that_o the_o two_o house_n can_v do_v nothing_o without_o the_o king_n that_o he_o do_v not_o go_v about_o to_o dispute_v this_o matter_n with_o they_o whether_o the_o king_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n or_o not_o but_o take_v their_o supposition_n for_o grant_v he_o show_v that_o they_o can_v have_v no_o authority_n to_o act_v without_o the_o king_n concurrence_n but_o the_o unwary_a concession_n in_o that_o answer_n be_v find_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n afterward_o when_o the_o king_n enemy_n frame_v the_o political_a catechism_n out_o of_o they_o which_o be_v late_o reprint_v no_o doubt_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n in_o 2_o h._n iu_o n._n 32._o 101._o he_o make_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o declare_v to_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n that_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o king_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a whereas_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o matter_n be_v this_o a_o difference_n have_v happen_v in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n between_o the_o earl_n of_o rutland_n and_o lord_n fitz-walter_n whereupon_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o go_v up_o to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o have_v it_o seem_v a_o eloquent_a speaker_n who_o venture_v upon_o dangerous_a metaphor_n he_o make_v bold_a with_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o trinity_n 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of_o the_o letter_n who_o express_v so_o much_o dislike_n of_o his_o divinity_n will_v take_v his_o judgement_n in_o politic_n but_o this_o notion_n of_o make_v the_o king_n one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n how_o valuable_a soever_o it_o be_v to_o some_o man_n be_v it_o seem_v only_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o some_o grave_a ancient_a similitude_n but_o of_o what_o authority_n these_o be_v against_o the_o constant_a sense_n of_o parliament_n so_o full_o declare_v i_o leave_v any_o man_n of_o understanding_n to_o judge_v for_o the_o judgement_n of_o eminent_a lawyer_n 103._o he_o quote_v but_o one_o in_o king_n james_n his_o time_n viz._n finch_n in_o his_o book_n of_o law_n l._n 2._o ch_n 1._o who_o do_v indeed_o in_o the_o word_n quote_v by_o he_o make_v the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o to_o be_v the_o three_o estate_n but_o i_o can_v hardly_o imagine_v how_o a_o learned_a lawyer_n can_v fall_v into_o such_o a_o gross_a mistake_n unless_o the_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parlamentum_fw-la shall_v give_v the_o occasion_n to_o it_o which_o be_v account_v no_o blind_a ms._n in_o those_o day_n but_o a_o very_a great_a treasure_n as_o appear_v by_o sir_n e._n coke_n who_o cite_v it_o on_o all_o occasion_n and_o very_o few_o lawyer_n have_v the_o judgement_n in_o antiquity_n which_o mr._n selden_n have_v who_o first_o discover_v the_o just_a age_n and_o value_n of_o that_o ms._n this_o author_n indeed_o towards_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o treatise_n make_v the_o king_n the_o first_o of_o the_o estate_n but_o then_o he_o make_v six_o estate_n in_o parliament_n or_o degree_n as_o he_o call_v they_o and_o deliver_v this_o for_o good_a doctrine_n at_o the_o very_a end_n of_o his_o treatise_n that_o if_o any_o one_o of_o all_o these_o be_v summon_v and_o do_v not_o appear_v yet_o with_o he_o it_o be_v notwithstanding_o a_o full_a parliament_n nay_o he_o express_o say_v the_o king_n may_v hold_v a_o parliament_n without_o a_o house_n of_o lord_n but_o there_o be_v so_o many_o other_o such_o position_n discover_v by_o other_o in_o that_o treatise_n that_o i_o need_v to_o say_v no_o more_o of_o it_o and_o as_o to_o this_o point_n of_o the_o king_n be_v be_v one_o of_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n sir_n ed._n coke_n who_o otherwise_o too_o much_o admire_v that_o treatise_n declare_v against_o it_o in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o parliament_n this_o court_n say_v he_o consist_v of_o the_o king_n majesty_n sit_v there_o as_o in_o his_o royal_a politic_a capacity_n and_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n viz._n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a archbishop_n and_o bishop_n the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o however_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n may_v slight_v mr._n selden_n judgement_n in_o this_o matter_n 86._o yet_o these_o two_o may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o weigh_v down_o the_o scale_n against_o any_o one_o lawyer_n be_v authority_n to_o the_o contrary_a especial_o since_o they_o be_v never_o suspect_v i_o dare_v say_v for_o any_o partiality_n towards_o the_o clergy_n 3._o but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n think_v to_o carry_v this_o point_n by_o mere_a strength_n of_o reason_n we_o must_v therefore_o diligent_o consider_v the_o force_n of_o his_o argument_n 1._o if_o bishop_n be_v one_o of_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n 89._o reason_n will_v they_o shall_v vote_n by_o themselves_o separately_z from_o other_z lord_n which_o will_v make_v another_o estate_n but_o they_o do_v not_o only_o not_o vote_n apart_o by_o themselves_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o they_o together_o but_o that_o body_n be_v divide_v and_o separate_v within_o itself_o one_o part_n from_o another_o if_o both_o house_n ever_o sit_v together_o as_o some_o imagine_v and_o as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o neighbour_n kingdom_n this_o way_n of_o reason_v will_v make_v but_o one_o estate_n in_o parliament_n all_o that_o time_n but_o to_o give_v a_o clear_a answer_n to_o this_o objection_n i_o distinguish_v two_o thing_n in_o the_o bishop_n their_o spiritual_a capacity_n by_o which_o they_o represent_v and_o their_o civil_a capacity_n as_o baron_n in_o which_o they_o vote_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o house_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o give_v their_o vote_n be_v a_o thing_n under_o the_o regulation_n of_o the_o house_n and_o depend_v upon_o custom_n but_o their_o spiritual_a capacity_n as_o bishop_n in_o which_o they_o represent_v do_v not_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o sit_v together_o with_o other_o lord_n be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o writ_n of_o summons_n which_o as_o mr._n selden_n confess_v ever_o since_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o edw._n iii_o have_v be_v for_o the_o bishop_n cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la prelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tractatum_fw-la and_o therefore_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o sit_v together_o in_o the_o same_o place_n with_o the_o temporal_a lord_n or_o else_o they_o can_v advise_v and_o confer_v together_o and_o i_o leave_v the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n to_o consider_v whether_o his_o reason_n or_o the_o king_n be_v write_v aught_o to_o take_v place_n 2._o if_o the_o bishop_n be_v a_o three_o estate_n 89._o they_o must_v have_v a_o negative_a voice_n to_o all_o that_o pass_v there_o but_o the_o bishop_n be_v intermingle_v with_o the_o temporal_a lord_n in_o make_v up_o the_o majority_n as_o a_o part_n of_o it_o since_o i_o have_v evident_o prove_v the_o clergy_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n if_o he_o be_v sure_a that_o every_o estate_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o negative_a voice_n than_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o this_o objection_n lie_v more_o upon_o he_o to_o answer_v then_o upon_o the_o bishop_n but_o to_o prevent_v any_o new_a dispute_n i_o shall_v return_v this_o answer_n to_o