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power_n king_n law_n limit_v 3,744 5 10.3160 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A89878 The excellencie of a free-state: or, The right constitution of a common-wealth. Wherein all objections are answered, and the best way to secure the peoples liberties, discovered: with some errors of government, and rules of policie. Published by a well-wisher to posterity. Nedham, Marchamont, 1620-1678. 1656 (1656) Wing N388; Thomason E1676_1; ESTC R202969 87,103 253

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or_o ruin_v it_o have_v proceed_v as_o we_o have_v former_o prove_v either_o from_o the_o people_n neglect_n or_o rather_o ignorance_n of_o those_o mean_n and_o rule_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v unto_o they_o both_o for_o practice_n and_o observation_n have_v therefore_o make_v brief_a collection_n out_o of_o the_o monument_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o learning_n i_o shall_v here_o insert_v they_o that_o the_o people_n of_o every_o commonwealth_n which_o mean_v to_o preserve_v their_o freedom_n may_v be_v inform_v how_o to_o steer_v their_o course_n according_a to_o such_o rule_n as_o have_v be_v put_v in_o practice_n heretofore_o by_o divers_a nation_n first_o it_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n not_o only_o to_o breed_v up_o all_o the_o young_a fry_n in_o principle_n of_o dislike_n and_o enmity_n against_o kingly_a government_n but_o also_o to_o cause_v all_o that_o be_v capable_a of_o swear_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o oath_n of_o abjuration_n to_o abjure_v a_o toleration_n of_o king_n and_o 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ingratitude_n
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to_o see_v and_o beware_v that_o warwick_n ghost_n be_v not_o conjure_v up_o again_o to_o act_v a_o part_n in_o some_o new_a tragedy_n the_o right_a constitution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o roman_n have_v just_o and_o noble_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o king_n and_o be_v in_o time_n bring_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o interest_n of_o freedom_n consist_v in_o a_o due_a and_o orderly_a succession_n of_o the_o supreme_a assembly_n they_o than_o make_v it_o their_o care_n by_o all_o good_a way_n and_o mean_n to_o fortify_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o establish_v it_o in_o a_o free_a enjoyment_n of_o that_o interest_n as_o the_o only_a bar_n to_o the_o return_n of_o king_n and_o their_o main_a security_n against_o the_o subtle_a mine_v of_o kingly_a humour_n and_o usurpation_n the_o public_a rostra_fw-la or_o pulpit_n sound_v out_o the_o commendation_n of_o freedom_n their_o augur_n or_o prophet_n find_v freedom_n write_v in_o the_o entrail_n of_o beast_n and_o 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and_o interest_n in_o the_o government_n as_o well_o as_o the_o great_a one_o than_o it_o be_v and_o never_o till_o then_o that_o their_o thought_n and_o power_n begin_v to_o exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o italy_n and_o aspire_v towards_o that_o prodigious_a empire_n for_o while_o the_o road_n of_o preferment_n lay_v plain_a to_o every_o man_n no_o public_a work_n be_v do_v nor_o any_o conquest_n make_v but_o every_o man_n think_v he_o do_v and_o conquer_v all_o for_o himself_o as_o long_o as_o he_o remain_v valiant_a and_o virtuous_a it_o be_v not_o alliance_n nor_o friendship_n nor_o faction_n nor_o riches_n that_o can_v advance_v man_n but_o knowledge_n valour_n and_o virtuous_a poverty_n be_v prefer_v above_o they_o all_o for_o the_o confirmation_n whereof_o we_o find_v in_o the_o same_o story_n how_o that_o many_o of_o their_o brave_a patriot_n and_o conqueror_n be_v man_n of_o the_o mean_a fortune_n and_o of_o so_o rare_a a_o temper_n of_o spirit_n that_o they_o little_o care_v to_o 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of_o those_o heroic_a spirit_n that_o succeed_v down_o to_o the_o time_n of_o lucius_n paulus_n emilius_n by_o who_o conquest_n the_o first_o charm_n and_o enchantment_n of_o luxury_n be_v bring_v out_o of_o asia_n to_o rome_n and_o there_o they_o soon_o swallow_v up_o the_o remainder_n of_o primitive_a integrity_n and_o simplicity_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a also_o that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o ancient_a severity_n be_v remain_v still_o even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o paulus_n the_o famous_a general_n that_o a_o silver_n dish_n that_o be_v part_n of_o the_o spoil_n be_v give_v to_o a_o son-in-law_n of_o he_o who_o have_v fight_v stout_o in_o that_o war_n it_o be_v think_v a_o great_a reward_n and_o observe_v by_o the_o historian_n to_o be_v the_o first_o piece_n of_o plate_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v in_o the_o family_n this_o observation_n than_o arise_v from_o this_o discourse_n that_o as_o rome_n never_o thrive_v till_o it_o be_v settle_v in_o a_o freedom_n of_o 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secure_v it_o from_o the_o reach_n of_o great_a one_o be_v to_o place_v it_o in_o the_o people_n hand_n ●adorned_a with_o all_o the_o prerogative_n and_o right_n of_o supremacy_n the_o truth_n of_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o freedom_n be_v a_o virgin_n that_o every_o one_o seek_v to_o deflower_v and_o like_o a_o virgin_n it_o must_v be_v keep_v from_o any_o other_o form_n or_o else_o so_o great_a be_v the_o lust_n of_o mankind_n after_o dominion_n there_o follow_v a_o rape_n upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n this_o be_v consider_v itwill_a easy_o be_v grant_v that_o liberty_n must_v needs_o lie_v more_o secure_a in_o the_o people_n than_o in_o any_o other_o hand_n because_o they_o be_v most_o concern_v in_o it_o and_o the_o careful_a eye_v of_o this_o concernment_n be_v that_o which_o make_v they_o both_o jealous_a and_o zealous_a so_o that_o nothing_o will_v satisfy_v but_o the_o keep_n of_o a_o constant_a guard_n against_o the_o attempt_n and_o inchroachment_n of_o any_o powerful_a or_o crafty_a underminer_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o people_n have_v once_o taste_v the_o sweet_n of_o freedom_n be_v so_o extreme_o affect_v with_o it_o that_o if_o they_o discover_v or_o do_v but_o suspect_v the_o least_o design_n to_o encroach_v upon_o it_o they_o count_v it_o a_o crime_n never_o to_o be_v forgive_v for_o any_o consideration_n whatsoever_o thus_o it_o be_v in_o the_o roman_a state_n where_o one_o give_v up_o his_o child_n another_o his_o brother_n to_o death_n to_o revenge_v a_o attempt_n against_o common_a liberty_n divers_a also_o sacrifice_v their_o life_n to_o preserve_v it_o and_o some_o their_o best_a friend_n to_o vindicate_v it_o upon_o bare_a suspicion_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o maelius_n and_o manlius_n and_o other_o after_o manifest_a violation_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o caesar_n nor_o be_v it_o thus_o only_o in_o rome_n but_o we_o find_v also_o as_o notable_a instance_n of_o revenge_n in_o the_o free-people_n of_o greece_n upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n but_o the_o most_o notable_a of_o all_o be_v that_o which_o happen_v in_o the_o island_n of_o corcyra_n during_o the_o war_n of_o peloponnesus_n where_o the_o people_n have_v be_v rook_v of_o liberty_n by_o the_o slight_n and_o power_n of_o the_o grandee_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o free-state_n of_o athens_n recover_v it_o again_o take_v occasion_n thereupon_o to_o clap_v up_o all_o the_o grandee_n &_o chop_v off_o ten_o of_o their_o head_n at_o one_o time_n in_o part_n of_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o injury_n but_o yet_o this_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n for_o some_o delay_n be_v make_v in_o execute_v of_o the_o rest_n the_o people_n grow_v so_o enrage_v that_o they_o run_v and_o pull_v down_o the_o very_a wall_n and_o bury_v they_o in_o the_o ruin_n and_o rubbish_n of_o the_o prison_n we_o see_v it_o also_o in_o the_o free-state_n of_o florence_n where_o cosmus_n the_o first_o founder_n of_o the_o tuscan-tyranny_n have_v make_v shipwreck_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o seize_v all_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n though_o he_o enslave_v their_o body_n yet_o he_o can_v not_o subdue_v their_o heart_n nor_o wear_v their_o past_a liberty_n our_o of_o memory_n for_o upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n they_o seek_v revenge_n and_o a_o recovery_n force_v he_o to_o fly_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o life_n and_o though_o afterward_o he_o make_v way_n for_o his_o return_n and_o re-establishment_n by_o treachery_n yet_o now_o after_o so_o long_a a_o time_n the_o old_a freedom_n be_v fresh_a in_o memory_n and_o will_v show_v itself_o again_o upon_o a_o favourable_a occasion_n but_o of_o all_o modern_a instance_n the_o most_o strange_a be_v that_o of_o the_o land_n of_o holstein_n which_o be_v deprive_v of_o liberty_n and_o about_o seventy_o year_n since_o make_v a_o duchy_n and_o a_o appendix_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n though_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v but_o a_o boorish_a poor_a silly_a generation_n yet_o still_o they_o retain_v a_o sense_n of_o indignation_n at_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o be_v give_v to_o drink_v the_o usual_a compliment_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o cup_n be_v this_o here_o be_v a_o health_n to_o the_o remembrance_n of_o our_o liberty_n thus_o you_o see_v what_o a_o impression_n the_o love_n of_o freedom_n make_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v easy_o conclude_v they_o must_v be_v the_o best_a keeper_n of_o their_o own_o liberty_n be_v more_o tender_a and_o more_o concern_v in_o their_o security_n than_o any_o powerful_a pretender_n whatsoever_o the_o nine_o reason_n to_o justify_v a_o free-state_n be_v because_o in_o free-state_n the_o people_n be_v less_o luxurious_a than_o king_n or_o grandee_n use_v to_o be_v now_o this_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o where_o luxury_n take_v place_n there_o be_v as_o natural_a a_o tendency_n to_o tyranny_n as_o there_o be_v from_o the_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n for_o you_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o luxury_n lie_v altogether_o in_o excess_n it_o be_v a_o universal_a depravation_n of_o manner_n without_o reason_n without_o moderation_n it_o be_v the_o canine_a appetite_n of_o a_o corrupt_a will_n and_o phantasy_n which_o nothing_o can_v satisfy_v but_o in_o every_o action_n in_o every_o imagination_n it_o fly_v beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o honesty_n just_o and_o good_a into_o all_o extremity_n so_o that_o it_o will_v easy_o be_v grant_v that_o form_n of_o government_n must_v needs_o be_v the_o most_o excellent_a and_o the_o people_n liberty_n most_o secure_v where_o governor_n be_v least_o expose_v to_o the_o bait_n and_o snare_n of_o luxury_n the_o evidence_n of_o this_o may_v be_v make_v out_o not_o only_o by_o reason_n but_o by_o example_n old_a and_o new_a and_o first_o by_o reason_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o people_n must_v needs_o be_v
less_o luxurious_a than_o king_n or_o the_o great_a one_o because_o they_o be_v bound_v within_o a_o more_o lowly_a pitch_n of_o desire_n and_o imagination_n give_v they_o but_o panem_fw-la &_o tircenses_fw-la bread_n sport_n and_o ease_n and_o they_o be_v abundant_o satisfy_v beside_o the_o people_n have_v less_o mean_n and_o opportunity_n for_o luxury_n than_o those_o pompous_a stand_a power_n whether_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o one_o or_o many_o so_o that_o be_v they_o never_o so_o much_o incline_v to_o vice_n or_o vanity_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o run_v on_o to_o the_o same_o measure_n of_o excess_n and_o riot_n second_o as_o it_o appear_v they_o be_v less_o luxurious_a so_o for_o this_o cause_n also_o it_o be_v clear_a they_o that_o be_v their_o successive_a representative_n must_v be_v the_o best_a governor_n not_o only_o because_o the_o current_n of_o succession_n keep_v they_o the_o less_o corrupt_a and_o presumptuous_a but_o also_o because_o be_v the_o more_o free_a from_o luxurious_a course_n they_o be_v likewise_o free_a from_o those_o oppressive_a and_o injurious_a practice_n which_o king_n and_o grandee_n be_v most_o common_o lead_v and_o force_v unto_o to_o hold_v up_o the_o port_n and_o splendour_n of_o their_o tyranny_n and_o to_o satisfy_v those_o natural_a appetite_n of_o covetousness_n pride_n ambition_n and_o ostentation_n which_o be_v the_o perpetual_a attendant_n of_o great_a one_o and_o luxury_n thus_o much_o for_o reason_n now_o for_o example_n we_o may_v produce_v a_o cloud_n of_o instance_n to_o show_v that_o free-state_n or_o the_o people_n due_o qualify_v with_o the_o supreme_a authority_n be_v less_o devote_v to_o luxury_n than_o the_o grandee_n or_o kingly_a power_n but_o we_o shall_v give_v you_o only_o a_o few_o the_o first_o that_o come_v in_o our_o way_n be_v the_o state_n of_o athens_n which_o whilst_o it_o remain_v free_a in_o the_o people_n hand_n be_v adorn_v with_o such_o governor_n as_o give_v themselves_o up_o to_o a_o serious_a abstemious_a severe_a course_n of_o life_n so_o that_o whilst_o temperance_n and_o liberty_n walk_v hand_n in_o hand_n they_o improve_v the_o point_n of_o valour_n and_o prudence_n so_o high_a that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o become_v the_o only_a arbitrator_n of_o all_o affair_n in_o greece_n but_o be_v at_o the_o height_n than_o after_o the_o common_a fate_n of_o all_o worldly_a power_n they_o begin_v to_o decline_v for_o contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o free-state_n permit_v some_o man_n to_o greaten_v themselves_o by_o continue_v long_o in_o power_n and_o authority_n they_o soon_o lose_v their_o pure_a principle_n of_o severity_n and_o liberty_n for_o upstart_a those_o thirty_o grandee_n common_o call_v the_o tyrant_n who_o have_v usurp_v a_o stand_a authority_n unto_o themselves_o present_o quit_v the_o old_a discipline_n and_o freedom_n give_v up_o themselves_o first_o to_o charm_n of_o luxury_n and_o afterward_o to_o all_o the_o practice_n of_o a_o absolute_a tyranny_n such_o also_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o that_o state_n when_o at_o another_o time_n as_o in_o the_o day_n of_o pistratus_n it_o be_v usurp_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o single_a tyrant_n from_o athens_n let_v we_o pass_v to_o rome_n where_o we_o find_v it_o in_o the_o day_n of_o tarquin_n dissolve_v into_o debauchery_n upon_o the_o change_n of_o government_n their_o manner_n be_v somewhat_o mend_v as_o be_v the_o governor_n in_o the_o senate_n but_o that_o be_v a_o stand_a power_n soon_o grow_v corrupt_a and_o first_o let_v in_o luxury_n than_o tyranny_n till_o the_o people_n be_v interest_v in_o the_o government_n establish_v a_o good_a discipline_n and_o freedom_n both_o together_o which_o be_v uphold_v with_o all_o severity_n till_o the_o ten_o grandee_n come_v in_o play_n after_o who_o deposition_n liberty_n and_o sobriety_n begin_v to_o breath_n again_o till_o the_o day_n of_o sylla_n marius_n and_o other_o grandee_n that_o follow_v down_o to_o caesar_n in_o who_o time_n luxury_n and_o tyranny_n grow_v to_o such_o a_o height_n that_o unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o life_n and_o conversation_n of_o cato_n there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o spark_n that_o can_v be_v rake_v out_o of_o the_o ash_n of_o the_o old_a roman_a discipline_n and_o freedom_n so_o that_o of_o all_o the_o world_n only_a cato_n remain_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o that_o temperance_n virtue_n and_o freedom_n which_o flourish_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n omit_v many_o other_o example_n our_o conclusion_n upon_o these_o particular_n shall_v be_v this_o that_o since_o the_o grandee_n or_o kingly_a power_n be_v ever_o more_o luxurious_a than_o the_o popular_a be_v or_o can_v be_v and_o since_o luxury_n ever_o bring_v on_o tyranny_n as_o the_o only_a bane_n of_o liberty_n certain_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o people_n place_v and_o provide_v for_o in_o a_o due_a and_o orderly_a succession_n of_o their_o supreme_a assembly_n must_v needs_o remain_v more_o secure_a in_o their_o own_o hand_n than_o in_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o a_o ten_o reason_n to_o prove_v the_o excellency_n of_o a_o free-state_n or_o government_n by_o the_o people_n above_o any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n be_v because_o under_o this_o government_n the_o people_n be_v ever_o endue_v with_o a_o more_o magnanimous_a active_a and_o noble_a temper_n of_o spirit_n than_o under_o the_o grandeur_n of_o any_o stand_a power_n whatsoever_o and_o this_o arise_v from_o that_o apprehension_n which_o every_o particular_a man_n have_v of_o his_o own_o immediate_a share_n in_o the_o public_a interest_n as_o well_o as_o of_o that_o security_n which_o ●he_n possess_v in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o his_o private_a fortune_n free_a from_o the_o reach_n of_o any_o arbitrary_a power_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o whensoever_o any_o good_a success_n or_o happiness_n betide_v the_o public_a every_o one_o count_v i●_n his_o own_o if_o the_o commonwealth_n conquer_v thrive_v in_o dominion_n wealth_n or_o honour_n he_o reckon_v all_o do_v for_o himself_o if_o he_o see_v distribution_n of_o honour_n high_a office_n or_o great_a reward_n to_o valiant_a virtuous_a or_o learned_a person_n he_o esteem_v they_o as_o his_o own_o as_o long_o as_o he_o have_v a_o door_n leave_v open_a to_o succeed_v in_o the_o same_o dignity_n and_o enjoyment_n if_o he_o can_v attain_v unto_o the_o same_o measure_n of_o desert_n this_o it_o be_v which_o make_v man_n aspire_v unto_o great_a action_n when_o the_o reward_n depend_v not_o upon_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o particular_a person_n as_o it_o do_v under_o all_o stand_a power_n but_o be_v confer_v upon_o man_n without_o any_o consideration_n of_o birth_n or_o fortune_n according_a to_o merit_v as_o it_o ever_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v in_o free-state_n that_o be_v right_o constitute_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o will_v appear_v much_o more_o evident_a if_o you_o listen_v a_o little_a to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o people_n under_o various_a form_n of_o government_n for_o the_o roman_n of_o old_a while_o under_o king_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o remain_v a_o very_a inconsiderable_a people_n either_o in_o dominion_n or_o reputation_n and_o can_v never_o enlarge_v their_o command_n very_o far_o beyond_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n afterward_o be_v reduce_v unto_o that_o stand_a power_n of_o the_o senate_n they_o begin_v to_o thrive_v a_o little_a better_o &_o for_o a_o little_a time_n yet_o all_o they_o can_v do_v be_v only_o to_o struggle_v that_o for_o a_o subsistence_n among_o bad_a neighbour_n but_o at_o length_n when_o the_o people_n begin_v to_o know_v claim_v and_o possess_v their_o liberty_n in_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o sucession_n of_o their_o supreme_a officer_n and_o assembly_n than_o it_o be_v and_o never_o till_o then_o that_o they_o lay_v the_o foundation_n and_o build_v the_o structure_n of_o that_o wondrous_a empire_n that_o overshadow_a the_o whole_a world_n and_o true_o the_o sound_n of_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v more_o wonderful_a and_o a_o great_a argument_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a courage_n and_o magnanimity_n wherewith_o the_o people_n be_v endue_v in_o recovery_n of_o liberty_n because_o their_o first_o conquest_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o mighty_a nation_n and_o such_o as_o be_v every_o jot_n as_o free_a as_o themselves_o which_o make_v the_o difficulties-so_a much_o the_o more_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o free_a and_o consequent_o the_o more_o courageous_a they_o be_v against_o who_o they_o make_v opposition_n for_o as_o in_o those_o day_n the_o world_n abound_v with_o free-state_n more_o than_o any_o other_o form_n as_o all_o over_o italy_n gallia_n spain_n and_o africa_n etc._n etc._n so_o special_o in_o italy_n where_o the_o tuscan_n the_o samnite_n and_o other_o emulator_n and_o competitor_n of_o the_o roman_a freedom_n approve_v themselves_o magnanimous_a defender_n of_o their_o
therefore_o our_o conclusion_n shall_v be_v this_o that_o since_o king_n and_o all_o stand_a power_n be_v so_o inclinable_a to_o act_v according_a to_o their_o own_o will_n and_o in_o interest_n in_o make_v expound_v and_o execute_v of_o law_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o people_n liberty_n and_o security_n and_o see_v the_o only_a way_n to_o prevent_v arbitrariness_n be_v that_o no_o law_n or_o domination_n whatsoever_o shall_v be_v make_v but_o by_o the_o people_n consent_n and_o election_n therefore_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v grant_v that_o the_o people_n be_v the_o best_a keeper_n of_o their_o own_o liberty_n be_v settle_v in_o a_o due_a and_o orderly_a succession_n of_o their_o supreme_a assembly_n a_o twelve_o reason_n be_v because_o this_o form_n be_v most_o suitable_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o reason_n of_o mankind_n for_o as_o cicero_n say_v man_n be_v a_o noble_a creature_n bear_v with_o affection_n to_o rule_v rather_o than_o obey_v there_o be_v in_o every_o man_n a_o natural_a appetite_n or_o desire_n of_o principality_n and_o therefore_o the_o reason_n why_o one_o man_n be_v content_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o government_n of_o another_o be_v not_o because_o he_o conceive_v himself_o to_o have_v less_o right_a than_o another_o to_o govern_v but_o either_o because_o he_o find_v himself_o less_o able_a or_o else_o because_o he_o judge_v it_o will_v be_v more_o convenient_a for_o himself_o and_o that_o community_n whereof_o he_o be_v a_o member_n if_o he_o submit_v unto_o another_o government_n nemini_fw-la purere_fw-la vult_fw-la animú_v a_o naturâ_fw-la bene_fw-la informatus_fw-la nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n say_v the_o same_o cicero_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o honest_a english_a a_o mind_n well_o instruct_v by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n will_v pay_v obedience_n unto_o none_o but_o such_o as_o command_v direct_v or_o govern_v for_o its_o good_a and_o benefit_n from_o both_o which_o passage_n and_o expression_n of_o that_o oracle_n of_o 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indulge_v unto_o they_o they_o must_v not_o take_v they_o as_o their_o own_o by_o right_n but_o as_o boon_n bestow_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o people_n courtesy_n the_o old_a commonwealth_n of_o greece_n be_v very_o severe_a in_o this_o particular_a for_o as_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o heap_v up_o all_o honour_n they_o can_v vent_v upon_o such_o as_o do_v or_o suffer_v any_o thing_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o liberty_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o punish_v the_o underminer_n of_o it_o or_o those_o that_o any_o way_n appear_v against_o it_o with_o utmost_a extremity_n persecute_v they_o with_o for_o feiture_n both_o of_o life_n and_o fortune_n and_o if_o they_o escape_v with_o life_n they_o usual_o become_v slave_n and_o many_o time_n they_o persecute_v they_o be_v dead_a brand_a their_o memory_n with_o a_o eternal_a mark_n of_o infamy_n in_o old_a rome_n they_o deal_v more_o mild_o with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o that_o have_v side_v with_o the_o tarquin_n after_o their_o expulsion_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o restore_v to_o all_o their_o former_a privilege_n in_o process_n of_o time_n as_o oft_o as_o any_o conspire_v against_o the_o people_n interest_n in_o their_o successive_a assembly_n after_o they_o have_v once_o get_v they_o themselves_o be_v banish_v and_o their_o estate_n confiscate_v not_o except_v many_o of_o the_o senator_n as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o make_v for_o ever_o incapable_a of_o any_o trust_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n afterward_o they_o take_v the_o same_o course_n with_o as_o many_o of_o catiline_n fellow-traytor_n and_o conspirator_n as_o be_v worthy_a any_o thing_n and_o have_v no_o doubt_n sufficient_o pay_v caesar_n abettor_n in_o the_o same_o coin_n but_o that_o he_o wear_v out_o all_o opposite_n with_o his_o prosperous_a treason_n thus_o milan_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o state_n when_o they_o be_v free_a as_o also_o the_o swisses_n and_o hollander_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o helvetian_a and_o belgic_a freedom_n who_o take_v the_o same_o course_n with_o all_o those_o vunatural_a parricide_n and_o apostate_n that_o offer_v first_o to_o strangle_v their_o liberty_n in_o the_o birth_n or_o afterward_o in_o the_o cradle_n by_o secret_a conspiracy_n or_o open_a violence_n nor_o ought_v this_o to_o seem_v strange_a since_o if_o a_o right_a of_o conquest_n may_v be_v use_v over_o a_o foreign_a who_o only_o be_v to_o be_v account_v a_o fair_a enemy_n much_o more_o against_o such_o as_o against_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n shall_v engage_v themselves_o in_o so_o foul_a practice_n as_o tend_v to_o ruin_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o native_a country_n see_v therefore_o that_o the_o people_n in_o their_o government_n upon_o all_o occasion_n of_o civil_a war_n against_o their_o liberty_n have_v be_v most_o zealous_a in_o vindicate_v those_o attempt_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o
under_o stand_a power_n of_o great_a one_o who_o make_v it_o their_o grand_a engine_n to_o remove_v or_o ruin_v all_o person_n that_o stand_v in_o the_o way_n of_o they_o and_o their_o design_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n it_o have_v ever_o be_v their_o common_a custom_n to_o have_v instrument_n ready_a at_o hand_n as_o we_o see_v in_o all_o the_o story_n of_o king_n and_o grandee_n from_o time_n to_o time_n yea_o and_o by_o aristotle_n himself_o together_o with_o the_o whole_a train_n of_o commentator_n it_o be_v particular_o mark_v out_o inter_fw-la flagitia_fw-la dominationis_fw-la to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o peculiar_a enormity_n that_o attend_v the_o lordly_a interest_n of_o dominion_n the_o roman_a state_n after_o it_o grow_v corrupt_a be_v a_o sufficient_a instance_n where_o we_o find_v that_o not_o only_o the_o ten_o grandee_n but_o all_o that_o succeed_v they_o in_o that_o domineer_a humour_n over_o the_o people_n ever_o keep_v a_o retinue_n well_o stock_v with_o calumniator_n and_o informer_n such_o as_o we_o call_v knight_n of_o the_o post_n to_o snap_v those_o that_o in_o any_o wise_a appear_v for_o the_o people_n liberty_n this_o be_v their_o constant_a trade_n as_o it_o be_v afterward_o also_o of_o their_o emperor_n but_o all_o the_o while_n that_o the_o people_n keep_v their_o power_n entire_a in_o the_o supreme_a assembly_n we_o read_v not_o of_o its_o be_v bring_v into_o any_o constant_a practice_n sometime_o indeed_o those_o great_a commander_n that_o have_v do_v they_o many_o eminent_a service_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o after-action_n call_v to_o a_o account_n and_o have_v by_o a_o ingro●ment_n of_o power_n render_v themselves_o suspect_v and_o burdensome_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v command_v to_o retire_v as_o be_v both_o the_o scipio_n and_o in_o the_o story_n of_o the_o athenian_a commonwealth_n we_o find_v that_o by_o their_o lofty_a and_o unwary_a carriage_n they_o stir_v up_o the_o people_n fear_n and_o jealousy_n so_o far_o as_o to_o question_v and_o send_v divers_a of_o they_o into_o b●●ishment_n notwithstanding_o all_o their_o former_a merit_n as_o we_o read_v of_o alcibtades_n themistocles_n and_o other_o whereas_o if_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o free-state_n have_v be_v punctual_o observe_v by_o preserve_v a_o discreet_a revolution_n of_o power_n and_o a_o equability_n or_o moderate_a state_n of_o particular_a person_n there_o have_v be_v no_o occasion_n of_o encroachment_n on_o the_o one_o part_n or_o of_o fear_n on_o the_o other_o not_o can_v the_o pry_a royalist_n have_v have_v the_o least_o pretence_n or_o shadow_n of_o invective_n against_o the_o people_n government_n in_o this_o particular_a thus_o much_o of_o calumniation_n which_o be_v less_o frequent_a under_o the_o people_n form_n than_o any_o other_o now_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o accuse_v or_o liberty_n of_o accusation_n by_o the_o people_n before_o their_o supreme_a assembly_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o essential_o necessary_a for_o the_o 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person_n by_o this_o mean_n lie_v liable_a to_o question_v the_o commonwealth_n must_v needs_o be_v the_o more_o secure_a because_o none_o then_o will_v dare_v to_o entrench_v or_o attempt_v aught_o against_o their_o liberty_n and_o in_o case_n any_o do_v they_o may_v with_o much_o ease_n be_v suppress_v all_o which_o amount_v in_o effect_n to_o a_o full_a confirmation_n of_o this_o most_o excellent_a maxim_n record_v in_o policy_n maximè_fw-la interest_n repub._n libertatis_fw-la ut_fw-la liberè_fw-la possis_fw-la ●vem_fw-la aliquem_fw-la accusare_fw-la it_o most_o high_o concern_v the_o freedom_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o the_o people_n have_v liberty_n of_o accuse_v any_o person_n whatsoever_o second_o it_o appear_v this_o liberty_n be_v most_o necessary_a because_o as_o it_o have_v be_v the_o only_a remedy_n against_o the_o injustice_n of_o great_a and_o powerful_a person_n so_o it_o have_v be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o extinguish_v those_o emulation_n jealousy_n and_o suspicion_n which_o usual_o abound_v with_o fury_n in_o man_n mind_n when_o they_o see_v such_o person_n seat_v so_o far_o above_o that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o reach_v they_o or_o bring_v they_o as_o it_o become_v all_o earthly_a power_n to_o a_o account_n of_o their_o action_n of_o which_o liberty_n when_o the_o people_n have_v see_v themselves_o deprive_v in_o time_n past_a it_o be_v sad_a to_o consider_v how_o they_o have_v fly_v out_o into_o such_o absurd_a and_o extraordinary_a course_n in_o hope_n of_o remedy_n as_o have_v cause_v not_o only_a distraction_n but_o many_o time_n utter_a ruin_n to_o the_o public_a most_o of_o those_o tumult_n in_o old_a rome_n be_v occasion_v for_o want_v of_o this_o liberty_n in_o ordinary_a as_o those_o that_o happen_v under_o the_o decemviri_fw-la so_o that_o the_o people_n not_o have_v freedom_n to_o accuse_v and_o question_v their_o justice_n be_v inflame_v to_o commit_v sudden_a outrage_n to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o they_o but_o when_o they_o have_v once_o obtain_v power_n to_o accuse_v or_o question_v any_o man_n by_o assistance_n of_o their_o tribune_n then_o we_o meet_v with_o none_o of_o those_o heat_n and_o fit_v among_o they_o but_o they_o refer_v themselves_o over_o with_o much_o content_n to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o proceed_v a_o pregnant_a instance_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o the_o case_n of_o coriolanus_n who_o have_v do_v some_o injury_n to_o the_o people_n they_o find_v he_o befriend_v and_o uphold_v by_o the_o great_a one_o resolve_v to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o he_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o have_v tear_v he_o in_o piece_n as_o he_o come_v out_o of_o the_o senate_n but_o that_o the_o tribune_n immediate_o step_v in_o and_o not_o only_o promise_v but_o appoint_v they_o a_o day_n of_o hear_v against_o he_o and_o so_o all_o be_v calm_a again_o and_o quiet_a whereas_o if_o this_o ordinary_a course_n of_o remedy_n in_o call_v he_o to_o account_v have_v not_o be_v allow_v and_o he_o be_v destroy_v in_o a_o mutiny_n a_o world_n of_o sad_a consequence_n must_v have_v befall_v the_o commonwealth_n by_o reason_n of_o those_o enormity_n and_o revenge_n that_o will_v have_v rise_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o person_n in_o the_o story_n of_o florence_n also_o we_o read_v of_o one_o valesius_fw-la who_o greatn_v himself_o into_o little_o less_o than_o the_o posture_n of_o a_o prince_n in_o that_o republic_n he_o so_o confirm_v himself_o that_o the_o people_n not_o be_v able_a to_o regulate_v his_o extravagancy_n by_o any_o ordinary_a proceed_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o that_o unhappy_a remedy_n of_o arm_n and_o it_o cost_v the_o best_a blood_n and_o life_n in_o that_o state_n before_o they_o can_v bring_v he_o down_o involve_v they_o in_o a_o world_n of_o misery_n which_o may_v have_v be_v avoid_v have_v they_o take_v care_n to_o preserve_v their_o old_a liberty_n of_o accusation_n and_o question_n and_o be_v able_a to_o take_v a_o course_n with_o he_o in_o a_o ordinary_a way_n of_o progress_n thus_o also_o in_o the_o same_o state_n soderino_n a_o man_n of_o the_o same_o size_n interest_n and_o humour_n when_o the_o people_n see_v that_o they_o have_v lose_v their_o liberty_n in_o be_v unable_a to_o question_v he_o run_v like_o madman_n upon_o a_o remedy_n as_o bad_a as_o the_o disease_n and_o call_v in_o the_o spaniard_n to_o suppress_v he_o so_o that_o turn_v almost_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n which_o may_v have_v be_v prevent_v can_v they_o have_v repress_v he_o by_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o accusation_n and_o question_n from_o these_o premise_n then_o let_v we_o conclude_v that_o see_v the_o crooked_a way_n of_o calumniation_n be_v less_o use_v under_o the_o people_n form_n of_o government_n than_o any_o other_o and_o since_o the_o retain_v of_o a_o regular_a course_n for_o admit_v and_o decide_v of_o all_o complaint_n and_o controversy_n by_o way_n of_o accusation_n be_v of_o
that_o they_o have_v always_o be_v excessive_a in_o their_o reward_n and_o honour_n to_o such_o man_n as_o deserve_v any_o way_n of_o the_o public_a whilst_o they_o conform_v themselves_o to_o rule_n and_o keep_v in_o a_o posture_n suit_v to_o liberty_n witness_v their_o consecration_n of_o statue_n incense_n sacrifice_n and_o crown_n of_o laurel_n inrol_v such_o man_n in_o the_o number_n of_o their_o deity_n therefore_o the_o crime_n of_o ingratitude_n can_v in_o any_o peculiar_a manner_n be_v fasten_v upon_o the_o people_n but_o if_o we_o consult_v the_o story_n of_o all_o stand_a power_n we_o may_v produce_v innumerable_a testimony_n of_o their_o ingratitude_n towards_o such_o as_o have_v do_v they_o the_o great_a service_n ill_a recompense_n be_v a_o mystery_n of_o state_n practise_v by_o all_o king_n and_o grandee_n who_o as_o tacitus_n tell_v we_o ever_o count_v themselves_o disoblige_v by_o the_o brave_a action_n of_o their_o subject_n upon_o this_o account_n alexander_n hate_v antipater_n and_o parmenio_n and_o put_v the_o late_a to_o death_n thus_o the_o emperor_n vespasian_n cashier_v and_o ruin_v the_o meritorious_a antony_n thus_o also_o be_v alphonsus_n atbuquerque_n serve_v by_o his_o master_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n and_o consalvus_n the_o great_a by_o ferdinand_n of_o arragon_n as_o be_v also_o that_o stanley_n of_o the_o house_n of_o derby_n who_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o king_n h●nry_n the_o seventh_n head_n thus_o sylla_n the_o roman_a grandee_n destroy_v his_o choice_a instrument_n that_o help_v he_o into_o the_o saddle_n as_o augustus_n serve_v his_o friend_n cicero_n and_o expose_v he_o to_o the_o malice_n and_o murder_n of_o anthony_n innumerable_a be_v the_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o evidence_n that_o such_o unworthy_a deal_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o all_o stand_a power_n and_o therefore_o more_o proper_o to_o be_v object_v against_o they_o than_o against_o the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n thus_o have_v answer_v all_o 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have_v say_v my_o kingdom_n be_v not_o of_o this_o world_n it_o be_v not_o from_o hence_o etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o that_o hand_n which_o hitherto_o have_v presume_v in_o most_o nation_n to_o erect_v a_o power_n call_v ecclesiastic_a in_o equipage_n with_o the_o civil_a to_o bear_v ●way_n and_o bound_v man_n conscience_n to_o retain_v notion_n ordain_v for_o orthodox_n upon_o civil_a penalty_n under_o colour_n of_o prudence_n good_a order_n discipline_n prevent_v of_o heresy_n advance_v of_o christ_n kingdom_n and_o to_o this_o end_n have_v twist_v the_o spiritual_a power_n as_o they_o call_v it_o with_o the_o worldly_a and_o secular_a interest_n of_o state_n this_o i_o say_v have_v be_v the_o very_a right_a hand_n of_o antichrist_n oppose_v christ_n in_o his_o way_n who_o kingdom_n government_n governor_n officer_n and_o ruler_n law_n ordinance_n and_o statute_n be_v not_o of_o this_o world_n i_o mean_v jure_fw-la humano_fw-la depend_v not_o upon_o the_o help_n and_o device_n 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though_o it_o have_v often_o be_v disguise_v by_o sophister_n in_o policy_n so_o as_o it_o have_v lose_v its_o own_o name_n by_o shift_a form_n yet_o real_o and_o effectual_o the_o thing_n in_o itself_o have_v be_v discover_v under_o the_o artificial_a cover_n of_o every_o form_n in_o the_o various_a revolution_n of_o government_n so_o that_o nothing_o more_o concern_v a_o people_n establish_v in_o a_o state_n of_o freedom_n than_o to_o be_v instruct_v in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o the_o mean_n of_o its_o preservation_n be_v understand_v and_o the_o subtle_a sleight_n of_o old_a projector_n bring_v into_o open_a view_n they_o may_v become_v the_o more_o zealous_a to_o promote_v the_o one_o and_o prevent_v the_o other_o if_o any_o old_a game_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v play_v over_o anew_o by_o any_o succeed_a generation_n it_o be_v very_o observable_a in_o athens_n that_o when_o they_o have_v lay_v aside_o their_o king_n the_o kingly_a power_n be_v retain_v still_o in_o 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diminish_v so_o that_o as_o the_o only_a remedy_n they_o dislodge_v the_o power_n out_o of_o those_o hand_n put_v it_o into_o their_o own_o and_o place_v it_o in_o a_o constant_a orderly_a revolution_n of_o person_n elective_a by_o the_o community_n and_o now_o be_v at_o this_o fair_a pass_n one_o will_v have_v think_v there_o be_v no_o shelter_n for_o a_o monarchal_a interest_n under_o a_o popular_a form_n too_o but_o alas_o they_o find_v the_o contrary_a for_o the_o people_n not_o keep_v a_o strict_a watch_n over_o themselves_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o free_a state_n but_o be_v win_v by_o specious_a pretence_n and_o delude_v by_o create_a necessity_n to_o intrust_v the_o management_n of_o affair_n into_o some_o particular_a hand_n such_o a_o occasion_n be_v give_v thereby_o to_o those_o man_n to_o frame_v party_n of_o their_o own_o that_o by_o this_o mean_n they_o in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v able_a to_o
stand_v upon_o their_o own_o leg_n and_o do_v what_o they_o listen_v without_o the_o people_n consent_n and_o in_o the_o end_n not_o only_o discontinue_v but_o utter_o extirpate_v their_o successive_a assembly_n in_o rome_n also_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o under_o every_o alteration_n and_o all_o occasion_v by_o the_o crafty_a contrivance_n of_o grandise_v party_n and_o the_o people_n own_o facility_n and_o negligence_n in_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v delude_v for_o with_o the_o tarquin_n as_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o livy_n and_o other_o only_a the_o name_n king_n be_v expel_v but_o not_o the_o thing_n the_o power_n &_o interest_n of_o kingship_n be_v still_o retain_v in_o the_o senate_n and_o ingross_v by_o the_o consul_n for_o beside_o the_o rape_n of_o lucrece_n among_o the_o other_o fault_n object_v against_o tarquin_n this_o be_v most_o considerable_a that_o he_o have_v act_v all_o thing_n after_o his_o own_o head_n and_o discontinue_v consultation_n with_o the_o senate_n which_o be_v the_o very_a height_n of_o arbitrary_a power_n but_o yet_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o senate_n be_v in_o the_o saddle_n they_o forget_v what_o be_v charge_v by_o themselves_o upon_o tarquin_n and_o run_v into_o the_o same_o error_n by_o establish_v a_o arbitrary_a hereditary_a unaccountable_a power_n in_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n not_o admit_v the_o people_n who_o interest_n and_o liberty_n they_o have_v plead_v into_o any_o share_n in_o consultation_n or_o government_n as_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v do_v by_o a_o present_a erect_n of_o their_o successive_a assembly_n so_o that_o you_o seethe_v same_o kingly_a interest_n which_o be_v in_o one_o before_o reside_v then_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o many_o nor_o be_v it_o my_o observation_n only_o but_o point_v out_o by_o livy_n in_o his_o second_o book_n as_o in_o many_o other_o place_n cum_fw-la à_fw-la patribus_fw-la non_fw-la consules_a sed_fw-la carnifice_n etc._n etc._n when_o say_v he_o the_o senator_n strive_v to_o create_v not_o consul_n but_o executioner_n and_o tormentor_n to_o vex_v &_o tear_v the_o people_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o another_o place_n of_o the_o same_o book_n consules_a immoderate_a â_fw-la infinitaque_fw-la potestate_fw-la omnes_fw-la metus_fw-la legum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o consul_n have_v a_o immoderate_a and_o unlimited_a power_n turn_v the_o terror_n of_o law_n and_o punishment_n only_o upon_o the_o people_n themselves_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n be_v accountable_a to_o none_o but_o to_o themselves_o and_o their_o confederate_n in_o the_o senate_n then_o the_o consular_a government_n be_v cashier_v come_v on_o the_o decemviri_fw-la cum_fw-la consulari_fw-la imperio_fw-la ac_fw-la regio_fw-la sine_fw-la provocatione_n say_v my_o author_n be_v invest_v with_o a_o consular_a and_o kingly_a power_n without_o appeal_n to_o any_o other_o and_o in_o his_o three_o book_n he_o say_v decem_fw-la regum_fw-la species_n erat_fw-la it_o be_v a_o form_n of_o ten_o king_n the_o misery_n of_o the_o people_n be_v increase_v ten_o time_n more_o than_o they_o be_v under_o king_n and_o consul_n for_o remedy_n therefore_o the_o ten_o be_v cashier_v also_o and_o consul_n be_v restore_v it_o be_v think_v fit_a for_o the_o bridle_n of_o their_o power_n to_o revive_v also_o the_o dictatorship_n which_o be_v a_o temporary_a kingship_n use_v only_o now_o and_o then_o upon_o occasion_n of_o necessity_n and_o also_o those_o deputy_n of_o the_o people_n call_v tribune_n which_o one_o will_v have_v think_v have_v be_v sufficient_a bar_n against_o monarchick_a interest_n especial_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o people_n successive_a assembly_n but_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o the_o people_n be_v cheat_v through_o their_o own_o neglect_n and_o bestow_v too_o much_o confidence_n and_o trust_n upon_o such_o as_o they_o think_v their_o friend_n for_o when_o they_o swerve_v from_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o free-state_n by_o lengthen_v the_o dictatorship_n in_o any_o hand_n than_o monarchick-interest_n step_v in_o there_o as_o it_o do_v under_o sylla_n caesar_n and_o other_o long_o before_o it_o return_v to_o a_o declare_v monarchal_a form_n and_o when_o they_o lengthen_v command_n in_o their_o army_n than_o it_o creep_v in_o there_o as_o it_o do_v under_o the_o afore-named_n person_n as_o well_o as_o marius_n cinna_n and_o other_o also_o and_o even_o pompey_n himself_o not_o forget_v also_o the_o prank_n of_o the_o two_o triumvirale_n who_o all_o make_v a_o shift_n under_o every_o form_n be_v sometime_o call_v consul_n sometime_o dictator_n and_o sometime_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n to_o outact_v all_o the_o flagition_n enormity_n of_o a_o absolute_a monarchy_n it_o be_v also_o evident_a in_o the_o story_n of_o florence_n that_o that_o commonwealth_n even_o when_o it_o seem_v most_o free_a can_v never_o quite_o shake_v off_o the_o interest_n of_o monarchy_n for_o it_o be_v ever_o the_o business_n of_o one_o upstart_n or_o other_o either_o in_o the_o senate_n or_o among_o the_o people_n to_o make_v way_n to_o their_o own_o ambitious_a end_n and_o hoist_v themselves_o into_o a_o kingly_a posture_n through_o the_o people_n favour_n as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o action_n of_o savanarola_n the_o monk_n soderino_n and_o the_o medici_n who_o family_n do_v as_o we_o see_v at_o this_o day_n fix_v itself_o at_o length_n in_o the_o state_n of_o a_o absolute_a monarchy_n under_o the_o title_n of_o a_o dukedom_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v forget_v how_o much_o of_o monarchy_n of_o late_a creep_v into_o the_o unite_a province_n now_o the_o use_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o this_o discourse_n be_v this_o that_o since_o it_o be_v clear_a the_o interest_n of_o monarchy_n may_v reside_v in_o a_o consul_n as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o king_n in_o a_o dictator_n as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o consul_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o many_o as_o well_o as_o of_o a_o single_a person_n and_o that_o its_o custom_n have_v be_v to_o lurk_v under_o every_o form_n in_o the_o various_a turn_n of_o government_n therefore_o as_o it_o concern_v every_o people_n in_o a_o state_n of_o freedom_n to_o keep_v close_o to_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o free-state_n for_o the_o turn_n out_o of_o monarchy_n whether_o simple_a or_o compound_v both_o name_n and_o thing_n in_o one_o or_o many_o by_o which_o mean_v only_o they_o will_v be_v enable_v to_o avoid_v this_o second_o error_n in_o policy_n so_o they_o ought_v ever_o to_o have_v a_o reverent_a and_o noble_a respect_n of_o such_o founder_n of_o free-state_n and_o commonwealth_n as_o shall_v block_n up_o the_o way_n against_o monarchick_a tyranny_n by_o declare_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n as_o it_o consist_v in_o a_o due_a and_o orderly_a succession_n of_o authority_n in_o their_o supreme_a assembly_n a_o three_o error_n in_o policy_n which_o ought_v especial_o notice_n to_o be_v take_v of_o and_o prevent_v in_o a_o free-state_n have_v be_v a_o keep_n of_o the_o people_n ignorant_a of_o those_o way_n and_o mean_n that_o be_v essential_o necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o liberty_n for_o implicit_a faith_n and_o blind_a obedience_n have_v hitherto_o pass_v currant_n and_o be_v equal_o press_v and_o practise_v by_o grandee_n both_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a upon_o the_o people_n so_o that_o they_o have_v in_o all_o nation_n share_v the_o authority_n between_o they_o and_o though_o many_o quarrel_n have_v ●i●en_v in_o time_n pass_v between_o king_n and_o their_o clergy_n touch_v their_o several_a jurisdiction_n yet_o the_o mystery_n of_o domination_n have_v be_v still_o keep_v under_o lock_n and_o key_n so_o that_o their_o prerogative_n remain_v entire_a ever_o above_o the_o reach_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o people_n by_o which_o mean_n monarch_n and_o other_o stand_a power_n have_v see_v their_o own_o interest_n provide_v for_o as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o pope_n in_o this_o mysterious_a maxim_n ignorance_n be_v the_o mother_n of_o devotion_n but_o these_o thing_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v so_o among_o a_o people_n that_o have_v declare_v themselves_o a_o free-state_n for_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o know_v what_o freedom_n be_v and_o have_v it_o represent_v in_o all_o its_o lively_a and_o lovely_a feature_n that_o they_o may_v grow_v zealous_a and_o jealous_a over_o it_o but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o zeal_n according_a to_o knowledge_n and_o good_a purpose_n it_o be_v without_o all_o question_n most_o necessary_a that_o they_o be_v make_v acquaint_v and_o thorough_o instruct_v in_o the_o mean_n and_o rule_n of_o its_o preservation_n against_o the_o adulterous_a wiles_n and_o rape_n of_o any_o project_v sophister_n that_o may_v arise_v hereafter_o and_o doubtless_o this_o endeavour_n of_o i_o in_o lay_v down_o the_o rule_n of_o preserve_v a_o free-state_n will_v appear_v so_o much_o the_o more_o necessary_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o all_o the_o inconvenience_n that_o in_o time_n have_v happen_v under_o this_o form_n to_o imbroyl_n
length_n they_o have_v be_v their_o own_o executioner_n and_o ruin_v one_o another_o and_o have_v it_o be_v only_o the_o destruction_n of_o themselves_o the_o matter_n be_v not_o considerable_a but_o the_o people_n have_v by_o this_o mean_v be_v tear_v with_o civil_a dissension_n and_o the_o misery_n of_o war_n by_o be_v draw_v into_o party_n according_a to_o their_o several_a humour_n and_o affection_n the_o usual_a event_n ever_o be_v that_o in_o the_o end_n they_o have_v be_v seize_v as_o the_o prey_n of_o some_o single_a tyrant_n a_o example_n of_o this_o there_o be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o athens_n under_o the_o government_n of_o those_o thirty_o man_n who_o usurp_v the_o power_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o be_v afterward_o call_v the_o thirty_o tyrant_n for_o their_o odious_a behaviour_n for_o xenophon_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o draw_v the_o determination_n of_o all_o thing_n into_o their_o own_o closet_n but_o seem_v to_o manage_v they_o calculis_fw-la &_o 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clamour_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o liberty_n so_o you_o see_v the_o event_n of_o these_o thirty_o man_n combination_n be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o civil_a war_n and_o it_o end_v in_o their_o banishment_n but_o as_o great_a a_o mischief_n follow_v for_o a_o new_a junto_n of_o ten_o man_n get_v into_o their_o place_n who_o government_n prove_v little_o less_o odious_a than_o the_o 〈◊〉_d give_v a_o occasion_n to_o new_a change_n which_o never_o leave_v shift_v till_o at_o last_o they_o fall_v into_o a_o single_a tyranny_n and_o the_o wild_a sort_n of_o people_n have_v by_o a_o sad_a experience_n feel_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o own_o error_n in_o follow_v the_o lust_n and_o party_n of_o particular_a powerful_a person_n grow_v wise_a and_o combine_v with_o the_o honest_a sort_n they_o all_o as_o one_o man_n set_v their_o shoulder_n to_o the_o work_n and_o restore_v the_o primitive_a majesty_n and_o authority_n of_o their_o supreme_a assembly_n herodotus_n in_o his_o second_o book_n tell_v we_o that_o monarchy_n be_v abolish_v in_o egypt_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n setho_n and_o a_o declaration_n publish_v for_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o people_n immediate_o the_o administration_n of_o all_o affair_n be_v engross_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o twelve_o grandee_n who_o have_v make_v themselves_o secure_a against_o the_o people_n in_o a_o few_o year_n fall_v to_o quarrel_v with_o one_o another_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v about_o their_o share_n in_o the_o government_n this_o draw_v the_o people_n into_o several_a party_n and_o so_o a_o civil_a war_n ensue_v wherein_o psummeticus_n one_o of_o the_o twelve_o have_v slay_v all_o his_o partner_n leave_v the_o people_n in_o the_o lurch_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o free_a state_n seat_v himself_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o single_a tyranny_n but_o of_o all_o old_a instance_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v the_o two_o triumvirate_n that_o be_v in_o rome_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o pomp●y_n caesar_n and_o crassus_n who_o have_v draw_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o whole_a world_n into_o their_o own_o particular_a hand_n act_v and_o determine_v all_o in_o a_o private_a ●_o unto_o of_o their_o own_o without_o the_o advice_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n unless_o it_o be_v now_o and_o then_o to_o make_v stalk_v horse_n of_o they_o for_o the_o more_o clear_o conveyance_n of_o some_o unpleasing_a design_n these_o man_n have_v make_v a_o agreement_n among_o themselves_o that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v do_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o what_o please_v their_o own_o humour_n it_o be_v not_o long_o ere_o the_o spirit_n of_o ambition_n set_v they_o fly_v at_o the_o face_n of_o one_o another_o and_o draw_v the_o whole_a world_n upon_o the_o stage_n to_o act_v that_o bloody_a tragedy_n who_o catastrophe_n be_v the_o death_n of_o pompey_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o caesar_n the_o second_o trimuvirate_n be_v erect_v after_o the_o fatal_a stab_n give_v to_o caesar_n in_o the_o senate_n between_z octavius_z afterward_o emperor_n by_o the_o name_n of_o augustus_n lopidus_n and_o antony_n these_o have_v draw_v all_o affair_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o share_v the_o world_n between_o they_o present_o fell_a abandy_n against_o one_o another_o augustus_n pick_v a_o quarrel_n with_o lepidus_n give_v he_o a_o lift_n out_o of_o his_o authority_n and_o confine_v he_o to_o a_o close_a imprisonment_n in_o the_o city_n this_o be_v do_v first_o he_o have_v the_o more_o hope_n and_o opportunity_n next_o for_o the_o out_n of_o anthony_n he_o pick_v a_o quarrel_n with_o he_o too_o begin_v a_o new_a civil_a war_n wherein_o rome_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v engage_v to_o serve_v his_o ambition_n and_o thing_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o anthony_n he_o afterward_o seat_v and_o secure_v himself_o in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o a_o single_a tyranny_n omit_v many_o other_o instance_n here_o in_o england_n it_o be_v worthy_a observation_n that_o in_o the_o great_a contest_v between_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o the_o baron_n about_o the_o liberty_n of_o themselves_o and_o the_o people_n the_o king_n be_v force_v at_o length_n to_o yield_v the_o lord_n instead_o of_o free_v the_o nation_n indeed_o ingross_v all_o power_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o twenty-foure_a conservator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o behave_v themselves_o like_o totidem_fw-la tyranny_n so_o many_o tyrant_n act_v all_o in_o their_o own_o name_n and_o in_o 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o own_o whole_o neglect_v or_o else_o overrule_a parliament_n but_o then_o not_o agree_v among_o themselves_o there_o be_v three_o or_o four_o of_o they_o defeat_v the_o other_o twenty_o and_o draw_v the_o entire_a management_n of_o affair_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n viz._n the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n gloucester_n hereford_n and_o spencer_n yet_o it_o continue_v so_o not_o long_o for_o leicester_n get_v all_o into_o his_o own_o power_n fall_v at_o enmity_n with_o gloucester_n and_o be_v defeat_v by_o he_o at_o length_n leicester_n put_v his_o fortune_n to_o a_o battle_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o king_n thereupon_o get_v all_o power_n back_o again_o take_v advantage_n of_o that_o opportunity_n for_o the_o greatn_n of_o himself_o and_o prerogative_n and_o so_o you_o see_v all_o that_o the_o people_n get_v by_o the_o effusion_n of_o their_o blood_n and_o loss_n of_o their_o peace_n be_v that_o instead_o of_o one_o tyrant_n they_o have_v twenty_o four_o and_o then_o four_o and_o after_o they_o a_o single_a usurper_n which_o be_v monfort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o he_o be_v go_v they_o be_v force_v to_o serve_v their_o old_a tyrant_n henry_n the_o three_o again_o who_o by_o this_o mean_n become_v the_o more_o secure_a and_o firm_a in_o his_o tyranny_n wherein_o if_o they_o have_v deal_v like_o man_n of_o honour_n and_o make_v the_o nation_n as_o free_a as_o they_o pretend_v not_o engross_n all_o into_o their_o own_o private_a hand_n but_o instate_v the_o liberty_n of_o england_n paramount_n above_o the_o regal_a prerogative_n in_o a_o due_a and_o constant_a course_n of_o successive_a parliament_n without_o which_o liberty_n be_v but_o a_o mere_a name_n and_o shadow_n than_o all_o the_o succeed_a inconvenience_n have_v be_v sure_o prevent_v the_o bloody_a bicker_n afterward_o might_n have_v be_v avoid_v their_o own_o person_n and_o honour_n preserve_v king_n either_o cashier_v or_o regulate_v as_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v and_o the_o whole_a nation_n free_v from_o those_o after-gripe_n and_o pang_n inflict_v by_o that_o henry_n and_o his_o corrupt_a line_n of_o successor_n the_o world_n afford_v many_o instance_n of_o this_o kind_n but_o these_o be_v sufficient_a to_o manifest_v the_o fatal_a consequence_n that_o have_v happen_v in_o permit_v public_a 〈◊〉_d and_o interest_n to_o be_v ingross_v