shall_v be_v respite_v until_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v inform_v it_o be_v command_v to_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n safe_o to_o keep_v the_o say_a john_n until_o he_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o the_o case_n of_o hen._n spencer_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n 7_o ric._n 2._o who_o be_v accuse_v for_o comply_v with_o the_o french_a and_o other_o fail_n the_o bishop_n complain_v what_o be_v do_v against_o he_o do_v not_o pass_v by_o the_o assent_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o peer_n whereupon_o it_o be_v say_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o cognisance_n and_o punishment_n of_o his_o offence_n do_v of_o common_a right_n and_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n sole_o and_o whole_o belong_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o le_fw-fr cognisance_n &_o punissement_fw-fr de_fw-fr common_a droit_fw-fr &_o auntienne_fw-fr custom_n de_fw-fr royalme_n de_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr seul_fw-fr &_o per_fw-la tout_fw-fr apperteine_a au_fw-fr roy_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seignieur_n &_o a_o nul_fw-fr autre_fw-fr in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ware_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v place_n next_o after_o the_o lord_n willoughby_n of_o erisbe_n by_o consent_n of_o all_o except_o the_o lord_n windsor_n and_o the_o lord_n keeper_n be_v require_v to_o acquaint_v her_o majesty_n with_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o to_o know_v her_o pleasure_n concern_v the_o same_o the_o inference_n from_o these_o precedent_n be_v that_o the_o decisive_n or_o judicial_a power_n exercise_v in_o the_o chamber_n of_o peer_n be_v mere_o derivative_a and_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o supreme_a power_n which_o reside_v in_o the_o king_n and_o be_v ground_v sole_o upon_o his_o grace_n and_o favour_n for_o howsoever_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o do_v allege_v their_o power_n to_o be_v found_v on_o the_o principle_n of_o nature_n in_o that_o they_o be_v the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o they_o say_v and_o so_o be_v the_o whole_a may_v take_v care_n and_o have_v power_n by_o nature_n to_o preserve_v themselves_o yet_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n do_v not_o nor_o can_v make_v any_o such_o the_o least_o pretence_n since_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n in_o nature_n why_o among_o a_o company_n of_o man_n who_o be_v all_o equal_a some_o few_o shall_v be_v pick_v out_o to_o be_v exalt_v above_o their_o fellow_n and_o have_v power_n to_o govern_v those_o who_o by_o nature_n be_v their_o companion_n the_o difference_n between_o a_o peer_n and_o a_o commoner_n be_v not_o by_o nature_n but_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o create_v honour_n and_o make_v those_o honour_n to_o be_v hereditary_a whereas_o he_o may_v have_v give_v they_o for_o life_n only_o or_o during_o pleasure_n or_o good_a behaviour_n and_o also_o annex_v to_o those_o honour_n the_o power_n of_o have_v vote_n in_o parliament_n as_o hereditary_a counselor_n furnish_v with_o ample_a privilege_n than_o the_o commons_o all_o these_o grace_n confer_v upon_o the_o peer_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o they_o be_v contradictory_n and_o destructive_a of_o that_o natural_a equality_n and_o freedom_n of_o mankind_n which_o many_o conceive_v to_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o there_o be_v so_o strong_a a_o opposition_n between_o the_o liberty_n of_o grace_n and_o nature_n that_o it_o have_v never_o be_v possible_a for_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n to_o have_v stand_v together_o without_o mortal_a enmity_n and_o eternal_a jar_a have_v they_o be_v raise_v upon_o such_o opposite_a foundation_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o both_o house_n have_v but_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o foundation_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o mere_a and_o sole_a grace_n of_o king_n thus_o much_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v the_o nature_n and_o original_a of_o the_o deliberative_a and_o decisive_a power_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o matter_n about_o which_o the_o deliberative_a power_n be_v conversant_a be_v general_o the_o consult_v and_o advise_v upon_o any_o urgent_a business_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n or_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o more_o especial_o sometime_o in_o prepare_v new_a law_n and_o this_o power_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o writ_n the_o décisive_a power_n be_v exercise_v in_o give_v judgement_n in_o some_o difficult_a case_n but_o for_o this_o power_n of_o the_o peer_n i_o find_v no_o warrant_n in_o their_o writ_n whereas_o the_o parliament_n be_v style_v the_o supreme_a court_n it_o must_v be_v understand_v proper_o of_o the_o king_n sit_v in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n in_o person_n and_o but_o improper_o of_o the_o lord_n without_o he_o every_o supreme_a court_n must_v have_v the_o supreme_a power_n and_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v always_o arbitrary_a for_o that_o be_v arbitrary_a which_o have_v no_o superior_a on_o earth_n to_o controlâ—…_n it_o the_o last_o appeal_n in_o all_o government_n must_v still_o bâ—…_n to_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n or_o else_o appeal_n will_v bâ—…_n in_o infinitum_fw-la never_o at_o a_o end_n the_o legislative_a power_n be_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n for_o they_o be_v termini_fw-la convertibiles_fw-la the_o main_a question_n in_o these_o our_o day_n be_v where_o this_o power_n legislative_a remain_v or_o be_v place_v upon_o conference_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n for_o both_o house_n with_o the_o body_n and_o title_n of_o our_o ancient_a act_n of_o parliament_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n rest_v sole_o in_o the_o king_n some_o affirm_v that_o a_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v in_o either_o of_o the_o house_n but_o beside_o invincible_a reason_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o monarchy_n itself_o which_o must_v have_v the_o supreme_a power_n alone_o the_o constant_a ancient_a declaration_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v against_o it_o for_o howsoever_o of_o late_a year_n in_o the_o title_n and_o body_n of_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v not_o so_o particular_o express_v who_o be_v the_o author_n and_o maker_n of_o our_o law_n yet_o in_o almost_o all_o our_o elder_a statute_n it_o be_v precise_o express_v that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o the_o general_a word_n use_v of_o late_a time_n that_o law_n be_v make_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n be_v particular_o explain_v in_o former_a statute_n to_o mean_v that_o the_o king_n ordain_v the_o lord_n advise_v the_o commons_o consent_v as_o by_o compare_v the_o writ_n with_o the_o statute_n that_o expound_v the_o writ_n will_v evident_o appear_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la begin_v thus_o henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n know_v you_o that_o we_o of_o our_o mere_a and_o free_a will_v have_v give_v these_o liberty_n in_o the_o selfsame_a style_n run_v charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n and_o tell_v we_o the_o author_n of_o it_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr scaccario_n 41_o h._n 3._o begin_v in_o these_o word_n the_o king_n command_v that_o all_o bailiff_n sheriff_n and_o other_o officer_n etc._n etc._n and_o concern_v the_o justice_n of_o chester_n the_o king_n willeth_n etc._n etc._n and_o again_o he_o command_v the_o treasurer_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n upon_o their_o allegiance_n the_o stat._n of_o marlborough_n 52_o hen._n 3._o go_v thus_o the_o king_n have_v make_v these_o act_n ordinance_n and_o statute_n which_o he_o will_v to_o be_v observe_v of_o all_o his_o subject_n high_a and_o low_a 3_o edw._n 1._o the_o title_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edward_z and_o after_o it_o follow_v the_o king_n have_v ordain_v these_o act_n and_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n the_o king_n forbid_v and_o command_v that_o none_o do_v hurt_v damage_n or_o grievance_n â—…o_v any_o religious_a man_n or_o person_n of_o the_o church_n and_o in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n the_o king_n prohibit_v that_o none_o do_v ravish_v or_o take_v away_o by_o force_n any_o maid_n within_o age_n 6_o edw._n 1._o it_o be_v say_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n have_v establish_v these_o act_n command_v they_o be_v â—…bserved_v within_o this_o realm_n and_o in_o the_o fourteen_o chap._n the_o word_n be_v the_o king_n of_o his_o special_a grace_n grant_v that_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n shall_v recover_v in_o a_o assize_n damage_n with_o the_o land_n the_o stat._n of_o west_n 2._o say_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v ordain_v that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o giver_n be_v observe_v and_o in_o the_o 3._o chap._n our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v ordain_v that_o a_o woman_n after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n shall_v recover_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o entry_n the_o stat._n of_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la say_v our_o lord_n
government_n in_o israel_n and_o what_o the_o old_a testament_n teach_v we_o we_o have_v confirm_v in_o the_o new_a if_o saint_n paul_n have_v only_o say_v let_v every_o soul_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n and_o say_v no_o more_o then_o man_n may_v have_v dispute_v whether_o saint_n paul_n by_o high_a power_n have_v not_o mean_v as_o well_o other_o governor_n as_o king_n or_o other_o form_n of_o government_n as_o monarchy_n but_o the_o good_a luck_n be_v saint_n paul_n have_v be_v his_o own_o interpreter_n or_o comment_n for_o after_o the_o general_a doctrine_n of_o obedience_n to_o be_v give_v by_o all_o man_n to_o the_o high_a power_n he_o proceed_v next_o to_o charge_v it_o home_o and_o lay_v it_o to_o the_o conscience_n under_o pain_n of_o damnation_n and_o apply_v it_o to_o each_o particular_a man_n conscience_n say_v will_v thou_o not_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o power_n which_o power_n he_o expound_v in_o the_o singular_a number_n restrain_v it_o to_o one_o person_n say_v he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n to_o thou_o it_o be_v not_o they_o be_v the_o minister_n to_o thou_o and_o then_o again_o he_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a and_o then_o a_o three_o time_n in_o the_o same_o verse_n lest_o thou_o shall_v forget_v it_o he_o say_v for_o he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n a_o revenger_n to_o wrath_n etc._n etc._n upon_o thou_o if_o saint_n paul_n have_v say_v they_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n or_o they_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o they_o be_v mean_v of_o king_n only_o or_o of_o other_o governor_n also_o but_o this_o scruple_n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o apostle_n himself_o and_o as_o st._n paul_n have_v expound_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o high_a power_n so_o st._n peter_n also_o do_v the_o like_a for_o the_o selfsame_a word_n that_o st._n paul_n use_v for_o high_a in_o saint_n peter_n be_v translate_v supreme_a so_o that_o though_o in_o our_o english_a bibles_n the_o word_n differ_v yet_o in_o the_o original_a they_o be_v both_o the_o same_o so_o that_o st._n paul_n may_v have_v be_v english_v let_v every_o soul_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o supreme_a power_n or_o st._n peter_n may_v have_v be_v translate_v whether_o to_o the_o king_n as_o to_o the_o high_a yet_o there_o be_v this_o difference_n that_o whereas_o st._n paul_n use_v the_o word_n in_o the_o plural_a number_n st._n peter_n have_v it_o in_o the_o singular_a and_o with_o application_n to_o the_o king_n it_o will_v be_v say_v though_o st._n peter_n make_v the_o king_n supreme_a yet_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o king_n be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n or_o a_o creature_n of_o the_o people_n but_o it_o be_v answer_v king_n may_v be_v call_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n for_o be_v make_v of_o one_o of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o by_o the_o people_n and_o so_o be_v humane_a in_o regard_n of_o their_o material_a cause_n not_o of_o their_o efficient_a if_o st._n peter_n have_v mean_v that_o king_n have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o people_n he_o must_v also_o have_v mean_v that_o governor_n have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o people_n for_o he_o call_v the_o governor_n as_o well_o a_o ordinance_n of_o man_n as_o the_o king_n for_o his_o wood_n be_v submit_v yourselves_o to_o every_o ordinance_n of_o man_n for_o the_o lord_n sake_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a or_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o governor_n but_o saint_n peter_n show_v that_o governor_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o people_n for_o he_o say_v they_o that_o be_v send_v by_o he_o not_o by_o they_o for_o the_o punishment_n of_o evil_a doer_n so_o that_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n and_o not_o by_o the_o people_n some_o will_v have_v send_v by_o he_o to_o be_v send_v by_o god_n but_o the_o relative_n must_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o next_o antecedent_n which_o be_v the_o king_n and_o not_o god_n beside_o if_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o god_n and_o king_n by_o the_o people_n than_o governor_n will_v be_v supreme_a which_o be_v contrary_a to_o saint_n peter_n doctrine_n and_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o people_n have_v not_o the_o power_n of_o choose_v representer_n to_o govern_v if_o governor_n must_v be_v send_v of_o god_n the_o safe_a sense_n of_o saint_n peter_n word_n be_v submit_v yourselves_o to_o all_o humane_a law_n whether_o make_v by_o the_o king_n or_o by_o his_o subordinate_a governor_n so_o the_o king_n may_v be_v call_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n as_o be_v all_o one_o with_o a_o speak_a law_n the_o word_n in_o the_o original_a be_v be_v subject_n to_o every_o humane_a creation_n it_o be_v more_o proper_a to_o call_v a_o law_n make_v by_o a_o king_n a_o creation_n of_o a_o ordinance_n than_o the_o people_n choose_v or_o declare_v of_o a_o king_n a_o creation_n of_o he_o but_o take_v the_o word_n in_o what_o sense_n soever_o you_o will_v it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o saint_n peter_n in_o this_o place_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o any_o government_n or_o governor_n but_o of_o a_o king_n and_o governor_n send_v by_o he_o but_o not_o by_o the_o people_n and_o â—…t_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n â—…he_v two_o chief_a of_o the_o apostle_n write_v their_o epistle_n at_o such_o a_o time_n when_o the_o name_n of_o a_o popular_a government_n or_o of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v at_o least_o so_o much_o in_o show_n and_o in_o name_n that_o many_o do_v believe_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n by_o strong_a hand_n usurp_v a_o military_a power_n yet_o the_o government_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n in_o most_o thing_n then_o in_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n but_o for_o all_o this_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o apostle_n take_v any_o notice_n of_o any_o such_o popular_a government_n no_o nor_o our_o saviour_n himself_o who_o divide_v all_o between_o god_n and_o caesar_n and_o allow_v nothing_o that_o we_o can_v find_v for_o the_o people_n observation_n upon_o aristotle_n politic_n touch_v form_n of_o government_n what_o can_v be_v find_v in_o scripture_n many_o do_v look_v for_o in_o aristotle_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n beside_o monarchy_n he_o be_v the_o man_n best_o able_a â—…o_o tell_v what_o it_o be_v and_o to_o let_v we_o know_v by_o what_o name_n â—…o_o call_v it_o since_o the_o greek_a tongue_n be_v most_o happy_a in_o â—…ompounding_v name_n most_o significant_a to_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o most_o thing_n the_o usual_a term_n in_o this_o age_n of_o aristocraty_n and_o democraty_n be_v take_v up_o from_o he_o â—…o_o express_v form_n of_o government_n most_o different_a from_o monarchy_n we_o must_v therefore_o make_v inquiry_n into_o aristotle_n touch_v these_o two_o term_n true_a it_o be_v aristotle_n seem_v to_o make_v three_o sort_n of_o government_n which_o he_o diâ—…inguisheth_v by_o etc._n the_o soveâ—…ignty_n of_o one_o man_n or_o of_o a_o â—…w_n or_o of_o many_o for_o the_o â—…ommon_a good_n these_o he_o say_v be_v rigâ—…_n or_o perfect_a government_n 〈◊〉_d those_o that_o be_v for_o the_o privaâ—…_n good_a of_o one_o or_o of_o a_o few_o 〈◊〉_d of_o a_o multitude_n be_v transgression_n the_o government_n of_o a_o monarchy_n for_o the_o common_a good_a he_o call_v a_o kingdom_n the_o government_n of_o a_o few_o more_o than_o one_o a_o aristocratie_n either_o beeâ—…_n the_o best_a man_n govern_v or_o because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o best_a of_o 〈◊〉_d govern_v when_o a_o multitude_n govern_v for_o the_o comâ—…_n good_a it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o common_a name_n of_o all_o government_n a_o polity_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o one_o 〈◊〉_d few_o may_v excel_v in_o virtue_n but_o it_o be_v difficult_a for_o many_o excel_v in_o all_o virtue_n except_o in_o warlike_a affair_n for_o 〈◊〉_d be_v natural_a in_o a_o multitude_n therefore_o in_o this_o sort_n of_o government_n their_o principal_a use_n be_v to_o war_v one_o for_o another_o and_o to_o possess_v the_o arm_n or_o ammunition_n the_o transgâ—…sions_n of_o government_n before_o speak_v of_o be_v these_o â—…ranny_n be_v the_o transgression_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o dâ—…mocratie_n be_v the_o transgression_n of_o the_o polity_n for_o tyâ—…_n be_v a_o monarchy_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o monarch_n the_o oligâ—…chy_n for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o rich_a the_o democraty_n for_o the_o â—…nefit_n of_o the_o poor_a none_o of_o these_o be_v for_o the_o comâ—…_n good_n here_o aristotle_n if_o he_o have_v stand_v to_o his_o own_o prinâ—…ples_n shall_v have_v say_v a_o oligarchy_n shall_v be_v for_o 〈◊〉_d benefit_n of_o a_o few_o and_o those_o the_o best_a and_o not_o for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o rich_a and_o a_o democraty_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o not_o of_o the_o
poor_a only_o for_o so_o the_o opposition_n â—…eth_v but_o then_o aristotle_n see_v his_o democraty_n wouâ—…_n prove_v to_o be_v no_o transgression_n but_o a_o perfect_a polity_n 〈◊〉_d his_o oligarchy_n will_v not_o be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o few_o and_o those_o the_o best_a man_n for_o they_o can_v be_v the_o best_a man_n that_o seek_v only_o their_o private_a profit_n in_o this_o chapter_n the_o mind_n of_o aristotle_n about_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o government_n be_v clearly_a deliver_v as_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o his_o book_n of_o politic_n it_o be_v the_o more_o necessary_a to_o make_v a_o curious_a observation_n of_o these_o his_o doctrine_n in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o acknowledge_v the_o government_n of_o one_o man_n or_o of_o a_o monarchy_n and_o that_o be_v a_o perfect_a form_n of_o government_n concern_v monarchy_n aristotle_n teach_v we_o the_o beginning_n of_o it_o for_o say_v he_o the_o 〈◊〉_d first_o society_n make_v of_o many_o house_n be_v a_o colony_n which_o seem_v most_o natural_o to_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o family_n or_o foster-bretheren_n of_o child_n and_o child_n child_n and_o therefore_o at_o the_o begin_n city_n be_v and_o now_o nation_n under_o the_o government_n of_o king_n the_o elder_a in_o every_o house_n be_v king_n and_o so_o for_o kindred_n sake_n it_o be_v in_o colony_n thus_o he_o deduce_v the_o original_a of_o government_n from_o the_o power_n of_o the_o fatherhood_n not_o from_o the_o election_n of_o the_o people_n this_o it_o seem_v he_o learn_v of_o his_o master_n plato_n who_o in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o law_n affirm_v that_o the_o true_a and_o first_o reason_n of_o authority_n be_v that_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o simple_o those_o that_o beget_v and_o engender_v do_v command_n and_o rule_v over_o all_o their_o child_n aristotle_n also_o tell_v we_o from_o homer_n 〈◊〉_d that_o every_o man_n give_v law_n to_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o politic_n cap._n 2._o he_o give_v to_o monarchy_n the_o title_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d first_o and_o divine_a sort_n of_o government_n define_v tyranny_n to_o be_v a_o transgression_n from_o the_o first_o and_o divine_a again_o aristotle_n in_o the_o eight_o book_n of_o his_o ethic_n in_o the_o 12_o chapter_n say_v that_o of_o 〈◊〉_d the_o right_a kind_n of_o government_n a_o monarchy_n be_v the_o best_a and_o a_o popular_a estate_n the_o worst_a last_o in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o his_o politic_n and_o the_o sixteen_o chapter_n concern_v monarchy_n he_o say_v that_o 〈◊〉_d a_o perfect_a kingdom_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o king_n rule_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n for_o he_o that_o be_v call_v a_o king_n according_a to_o the_o law_n make_v no_o kind_n of_o government_n second_o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o government_n of_o a_o few_o man_n but_o do_v not_o tell_v we_o how_o many_o those_o few_o man_n may_v or_o must_v be_v only_o he_o say_v they_o must_v be_v more_o than_o one_o man_n but_o how_o many_o that_o he_o leave_v uncertain_a this_o perfect_a government_n of_o a_o few_o any_o man_n will_v think_v aristotle_n shall_v have_v call_v a_o oligarchy_n for_o that_o this_o word_n proper_o signify_v so_o much_o but_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o government_n of_o a_o few_o aristotle_n give_v it_o a_o quite_o other_o name_n and_o term_n it_o a_o aristocraty_n which_o signify_v the_o power_n of_o the_o best_a the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v call_v a_o aristocraty_n say_v aristotle_n be_v for_o that_o there_o the_o best_a man_n govern_v or_o because_o that_o be_v not_o always_o true_a for_o that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o best_a of_o the_o govern_v by_o this_o latter_a reason_n any_o government_n and_o most_o especial_o a_o monarchy_n may_v be_v call_v a_o aristocraty_n because_o the_o end_n of_o monarchy_n be_v for_o the_o best_a of_o the_o govern_v as_o well_o as_o the_o end_n of_o a_o aristocraty_n so_o that_o of_o these_o two_o reason_n for_o call_v the_o government_n of_o a_o few_o a_o aristocratie_n the_o first_o be_v seldom_o true_a and_o the_o latter_a be_v never_o sufficient_a to_o frame_v a_o distinction_n this_o aristotle_n himself_o confess_v in_o his_o next_o chapter_n say_v 8._o that_o the_o cause_n aforesaid_a do_v not_o make_v a_o difference_n and_o that_o it_o be_v poverty_n and_o riches_n and_o not_o few_o and_o many_o that_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o oligarchy_n and_o democraty_n there_o must_v be_v a_o oligarchy_n where_o rich_a man_n rule_v whether_o they_o be_v few_o or_o many_o and_o wheresoever_o the_o poor_a have_v the_o sovereignty_n there_o must_v be_v a_o democraty_n now_o if_o aristotle_n will_v allow_v riches_n and_o poverty_n to_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o oligarchy_n and_o a_o democratâ—…_n these_o two_o must_v likewise_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o aristocraty_n and_o a_o polity_n for_o the_o only_a difference_n aristotle_n make_v between_o they_o be_v in_o their_o end_n and_o not_o in_o their_o matter_n for_o the_o same_o few_o man_n may_v make_v a_o aristocraty_n if_o their_o end_n be_v the_o common_a good_a and_o they_o may_v be_v a_o oligarchy_n if_o they_o aim_v only_o at_o their_o private_a benefit_n thus_o be_v aristotle_n distract_v and_o perplex_v how_o to_o distinguish_v his_o aristocratie_n whether_o by_o the_o smallness_n of_o their_o number_n or_o by_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o estate_n nay_o if_o we_o look_v into_o aristotle_n rhetoric_n 8._o we_o shall_v find_v a_o new_a conceit_n not_o only_o about_o aristocratie_n but_o also_o about_o the_o sort_n of_o government_n for_o whereas_o he_o have_v teach_v we_o in_o his_o politic_n that_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o right_n or_o perfect_a government_n and_o as_o many_o sort_n of_o wrong_n which_o he_o call_v transgression_n or_o corruption_n he_o come_v in_o his_o rhetoric_n and_o teach_v we_o that_o there_o be_v four_o sort_n of_o government_n 1_o 〈◊〉_d a_o democraty_n when_o magistracy_n be_v distribute_v by_o lot_n 2._o in_o a_o oligarchy_n by_o their_o wealth_n 3._o in_o a_o aristocratie_n by_o their_o instruction_n in_o the_o law_n it_o be_v necessary_a for_o these_o to_o appear_v the_o best_a from_o whence_o they_o have_v their_o name_n 4._o 〈◊〉_d a_o monarchy_n according_a to_o the_o name_n wherein_o one_o iâ—…_n lord_n over_o all_o here_o we_o see_v aristocratie_n be_v not_o distinguish_v by_o smallness_n of_o number_n nor_o by_o riches_n but_o by_o skill_n in_o the_o law_n for_o he_o say_v those_o that_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o law_n govern_v in_o a_o aristocratie_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o point_n 〈◊〉_d dream_v of_o in_o his_o politic_n by_o which_o it_o seem_v aristotle_n himself_o do_v not_o know_v well_o what_o he_o will_v haâ—…_n to_o be_v a_o aristocratie_n and_o as_o he_o can_v teach_v we_o true_o what_o a_o aristocratie_n be_v so_o he_o be_v to_o seek_v to_o tell_v we_o where_o any_o aristocratie_n ever_o be_v even_o himself_o seem_v to_o doubt_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o such_o form_n of_o government_n where_o he_o say_v in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o politic_n cap._n 5._o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o mechanical_a man_n to_o be_v a_o citizen_n in_o a_o aristocratie_n if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o government_n as_o they_o call_v aristocratical_a he_o if_o make_v he_o seem_v to_o doubt_v of_o it_o yet_o i_o find_v he_o affirm_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o carthage_n be_v aristocratical_a he_o do_v not_o say_v it_o be_v a_o aristocratie_n for_o he_o confess_v it_o have_v many_o of_o the_o transgression_n which_o other_o commonwealth_n have_v and_o do_v incline_v either_o to_o a_o democraty_n or_o a_o oligarchy_n 11._o the_o government_n of_o carthage_n do_v transgress_v from_o a_o aristocratie_n to_o a_o oligarchy_n and_o he_o conclude_v that_o if_o by_o misfortune_n there_o shall_v happen_v any_o discord_n among_o the_o carthaginian_n themselves_o there_o will_v be_v no_o medicine_n by_o law_n find_v out_o to_o give_v it_o rest_v wherein_o methinks_v aristotle_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o prophet_n for_o the_o discord_n between_o the_o citizen_n of_o carthage_n be_v the_o main_a cause_n that_o hannibal_n lose_v not_o only_a italy_n but_o carthage_n itself_o by_o these_o few_o collection_n we_o may_v find_v how_o uncertain_a aristotle_n be_v in_o determine_v what_o a_o aristocratie_n be_v or_o where_o or_o when_o any_o such_o government_n be_v it_o may_v just_o be_v doubt_v whether_o there_o ever_o be_v or_o can_v be_v any_o such_o government_n let_v we_o pass_v from_o his_o aristocraty_n to_o his_o three_o sort_n of_o perfect_a or_o right_a government_n for_o which_o he_o find_v no_o particular_a name_n but_o only_o the_o common_a name_n of_o all_o government_n politia_n it_o seem_v the_o greek_n be_v wonderful_o to_o seek_v that_o they_o of_o
their_o council_n extraordinary_a that_o by_o their_o advice_n they_o may_v countenance_v and_o strengthen_v such_o action_n as_o be_v full_a of_o danger_n and_o envy_n and_o thus_o the_o consul_n by_o weaken_v their_o original_a power_n bring_v the_o government_n to_o confusion_n civil_a dissension_n and_o utter_a ruin_n so_o dangerous_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o show_v favour_n to_o common_a people_n who_o interpret_v all_o grace_n and_o favour_n for_o their_o right_n and_o just_a liberty_n the_o consul_n follow_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o senate_n or_o people_n do_v not_o take_v away_o their_o right_n of_o govern_v no_o more_o than_o king_n lose_v their_o supremacy_n by_o take_v advice_n in_o parliament_n not_o only_o the_o consul_n but_o also_o the_o praetor_n and_o censor_n two_o great_a office_n ordain_v only_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o consul_n from_o who_o a_o appeal_n lie_v to_o the_o consul_n do_v in_o many_o thing_n exercise_v a_o arbitrary_a or_o legislative_a power_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o consul_n they_o have_v no_o law_n to_o limit_v they_o for_o many_o year_n after_o the_o creation_n of_o consul_n ten_o man_n be_v send_v into_o greece_n to_o choose_v law_n and_o after_o the_o 12_o table_n be_v confirm_v whatsoever_o the_o praetor_n who_o be_v but_o the_o consul_n substitute_n do_v command_v be_v call_v jus_o honorarium_fw-la and_o they_o be_v wont_n at_o the_o entrance_n into_o their_o office_n to_o collect_v and_o hang_v up_o for_o public_a view_n a_o form_n of_o administration_n of_o justice_n which_o they_o will_v observe_v and_o though_o the_o edictum_fw-la praetoris_fw-la expire_v with_o the_o pretoâ—…_n office_n yet_o it_o be_v call_v edictum_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la what_o peace_n the_o low-countries_n have_v find_v since_o their_o revolt_n be_v visible_a it_o be_v near_o about_o a_o hundred_o year_n since_o they_o set_v up_o for_o themselves_o of_o all_o which_o time_n only_o twelve_o year_n they_o have_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o spaniard_n yet_o in_o the_o next_o year_n after_o the_o truce_n be_v agree_v upon_o the_o war_n of_o juliers_n break_v forth_o which_o engage_v both_o party_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o matter_n they_o have_v live_v in_o a_o continue_a war_n for_o almost_o 100_o year_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o the_o aid_n of_o their_o neighbour_n they_o have_v be_v long_o ago_o swallow_v up_o when_o they_o be_v glad_a humble_o to_o offer_v their_o new_a hatch_a commonweal_n and_o themselves_o vassal_n to_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n after_o that_o the_o french_a king_n hen._n 3._o have_v refuse_v to_o accept_v they_o as_o his_o subject_n that_o little_a truce_n they_o have_v be_v almost_o as_o costly_a as_o a_o war_n they_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v about_o thirty_o thousand_o soldier_n continual_o in_o garrison_n two_o thing_n they_o say_v they_o first_o fight_v about_o religion_n and_o tax_n and_o they_o have_v prevail_v it_o seem_v in_o both_o for_o they_o have_v get_v all_o the_o religion_n in_o christendom_n and_o pay_v the_o great_a tax_n in_o the_o world_n they_o pay_v tribute_n half_a in_o half_n for_o food_n and_o most_o necessary_a thing_n pay_v as_o much_o for_o tribute_n as_o the_o price_n of_o the_o thing_n sell_v excise_n be_v pay_v by_o all_o retailer_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o commodity_n for_o each_o tun_n of_o beer_n six_o shilling_n for_o each_o cow_n for_o the_o pail_n two_o stivers_n every_o week_n for_o ox_n horse_n sheep_n and_o other_o beast_n sell_v in_o the_o market_n the_o twelve_o part_n at_o least_o be_v they_o never_o so_o oft_o sell_v by_o the_o year_n to_o and_o fro_o the_o new_a master_n still_o pay_v as_o much_o they_o pay_v five_o stivers_n for_o every_o bushel_n of_o their_o own_o wheat_n which_o they_o use_v to_o grind_v in_o public_a mill_n these_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o low-country_n war._n it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o venice_n be_v a_o commonwealth_n that_o enjoy_v peace_n she_o indeed_o of_o all_o other_o state_n have_v enjoy_v of_o late_a the_o great_a peace_n but_o she_o owe_v it_o not_o to_o her_o kind_n of_o government_n but_o to_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o the_o city_n have_v such_o a_o bank_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o near_o threescore_o mile_n and_o such_o marsh_n towards_o the_o land_n as_o make_v her_o unapproachable_a by_o land_n or_o sea_n to_o these_o she_o be_v indebt_v for_o her_o peace_n at_o home_n and_o what_o peace_n she_o have_v abroad_o she_o buy_v at_o a_o dear_a rate_n and_o yet_o her_o peace_n be_v little_o better_a than_o a_o continue_a war_n the_o city_n always_o be_v in_o such_o perpetual_a fear_n that_o many_o besiege_a city_n be_v in_o more_o security_n a_o senator_n or_o gentleman_n dare_v not_o converse_v with_o any_o stranger_n in_o venice_n shun_v acquaintance_n or_o dare_v not_o own_o it_o they_o be_v no_o better_a than_o bandito_n to_o all_o humane_a society_n nay_o no_o people_n in_o the_o world_n live_v in_o such_o jealousy_n one_o of_o another_o hence_o be_v their_o intricate_a solemnity_n or_o rather_o lottery_n in_o election_n of_o their_o magistrate_n which_o in_o any_o other_o place_n will_v be_v ridiculous_a and_o useless_a the_o senator_n or_o gentleman_n be_v not_o only_o jealous_a of_o the_o common_a people_n who_o they_o keep_v disarm_v but_o of_o one_o another_o they_o dare_v not_o trust_v any_o of_o their_o own_o citizen_n to_o be_v a_o leader_n of_o their_o army_n but_o be_v force_v to_o hire_v and_o entertain_v foreign_a prince_n for_o their_o general_n except_v their_o citizen_n from_o their_o war_n and_o hire_v other_o in_o their_o place_n it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o people_n live_v in_o peace_n which_o be_v in_o such_o miserable_a fear_n continual_o the_o venetian_n at_o first_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o româ—…_n emperor_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o hun_n forsake_v milan_n and_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n and_o retire_v with_o all_o their_o substance_n to_o those_o islandâ—…_n where_o now_o venice_n stand_v i_o do_v not_o read_v they_o have_v any_o leave_n to_o desert_n the_o defence_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n where_o they_o have_v get_v their_o wealth_n much_o less_o to_o set_v up_o a_o government_n of_o their_o own_o it_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o rebellion_n or_o revolt_a from_o the_o roman_a empire_n at_o first_o they_o live_v under_o a_o kind_n of_o oligarchy_n for_o several_a island_n have_v each_o a_o tribune_n who_o all_o meet_v and_o govern_v in_o common_a but_o the_o dangerous_a sedition_n of_o their_o tribune_n put_v a_o necessity_n upon_o they_o to_o choose_v a_o duke_n for_o life_n who_o for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n under_o who_o government_n venice_n flourish_v most_o and_o get_v great_a victory_n and_o rich_a possession_n but_o by_o insensible_a degree_n the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o gentleman_n have_v for_o many_o year_n be_v lessen_v the_o power_n of_o their_o duke_n and_o have_v at_o last_o quite_o take_v it_o away_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a error_n for_o any_o man_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o government_n of_o venice_n have_v be_v always_o the_o same_o that_o it_o be_v now_o he_o that_o read_v but_o the_o history_n of_o venice_n may_v find_v for_o a_o long_a time_n a_o sovereign_a power_n in_o their_o duke_n and_o that_o for_o these_o last_o two_o hundred_o year_n since_o the_o diminish_n of_o that_o power_n there_o have_v be_v no_o great_a victory_n and_o conquest_n obtain_v by_o that_o estate_n that_o which_o exceed_v admiration_n be_v that_o contareâ—…_n have_v the_o confidence_n to_o affirm_v the_o present_a government_n of_o venice_n to_o be_v a_o mix_a form_n of_o monarchy_n democraty_n and_o aristocratie_n for_o whereas_o he_o make_v the_o duke_n to_o have_v the_o person_n and_o show_n of_o a_o king_n he_o after_o confess_v that_o the_o duke_n can_v do_v nothing_o at_o all_o alone_a and_o be_v join_v with_o other_o magistrate_n he_o have_v no_o more_o authority_n than_o any_o of_o they_o also_o the_o power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n be_v so_o small_a that_o no_o one_o of_o they_o how_o great_a soever_o he_o be_v can_v determine_v of_o any_o thing_n of_o moment_n without_o the_o allowance_n of_o the_o council_n so_o that_o this_o duke_n be_v but_o a_o man_n dress_v up_o in_o purple_a a_o king_n only_o in_o pomp_n and_o ornament_n in_o power_n but_o a_o senator_n within_o the_o city_n a_o captive_n without_o a_o traitor_n if_o he_o go_v without_o leave_n as_o little_a reason_n be_v there_o to_o think_v a_o popular_a estate_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o venice_n or_o s._n p._n q._n u._n for_o it_o do_v not_o consist_v of_o the_o forty_o part_n of_o the_o people_n but_o only_o of_o those_o they_o call_v patritian_n or_o gentleman_n for_o the_o commons_o neither_o by_o
of_o government_n they_o please_v the_o text_n not_o warrant_v this_o right_n of_o the_o people_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o people_n be_v quite_o take_v away_o there_o be_v no_o other_o grant_n or_o proof_n of_o it_o pretend_v 2._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o israelite_n desire_v a_o king_n though_o then_o under_o another_o form_n of_o government_n in_o the_o next_o line_n but_o one_o it_o be_v confess_v they_o have_v a_o king_n at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o desire_v a_o king_n which_o be_v god_n himself_o and_o his_o viceroy_n samuel_n and_o so_o say_v god_n they_o have_v not_o reject_v thou_o but_o they_o have_v reject_v i_o that_o i_o shall_v not_o reign_v over_o they_o yet_o in_o the_o next_o verse_n god_n say_v as_o they_o have_v forsake_v i_o so_o do_v they_o also_o unto_o thou_o here_o be_v no_o show_n of_o any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n but_o monarchy_n god_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o samuel_n reign_v who_o make_v his_o son_n judge_n over_o israel_n when_o one_o man_n constitute_v judge_n we_o may_v call_v he_o a_o king_n or_o if_o the_o have_v of_o judge_n do_v alter_v the_o government_n than_o the_o government_n of_o every_o kingdom_n be_v alter_v from_o monarchy_n where_o judge_n be_v appoint_v by_o king_n it_o be_v now_o reckon_v one_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o king_n to_o judge_v by_o their_o judge_n only_o where_o it_o be_v say_v he_o shall_v not_o multiply_v to_o himself_o horse_n nor_o wife_n nor_o riches_n that_o he_o may_v understand_v that_o he_o have_v no_o power_n over_o other_o who_o can_v decree_v nothing_o of_o himself_o extra_fw-la legem_fw-la if_o it_o have_v say_v contra_fw-la legem_fw-la dei_fw-la it_o have_v be_v true_a but_o if_o it_o mean_v extra_fw-la legem_fw-la humanam_fw-la it_o be_v false_a 4._o if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o right_n give_v to_o the_o people_n it_o seem_v it_o be_v to_o the_o elder_n only_o for_o it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o elder_n of_o israel_n gather_v together_o petition_v for_o a_o king_n it_o be_v not_o say_v it_o be_v all_o the_o people_n nor_o that_o the_o people_n do_v choose_v the_o elder_n who_o be_v the_o father_n and_o head_n of_o family_n authorize_v by_o the_o judge_n 5._o where_o it_o be_v say_v i_o will_v set_v a_o king_n over_o i_o like_a as_o all_o the_o nation_n about_o i_o to_o set_v a_o king_n be_v not_o to_o choose_v a_o king_n but_o by_o some_o solemn_a public_a act_n of_o coronation_n or_o otherwise_o to_o acknowledge_v their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n choose_v it_o be_v say_v thou_o shall_v set_v he_o king_n who_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n shall_v choose_v the_o elder_n do_v not_o desire_v to_o choose_v a_o king_n like_o other_o nation_n but_o they_o say_v now_o make_v we_o a_o king_n to_o judge_v we_o like_o all_o the_o nation_n iii_o as_o for_o david_n covenant_n with_o the_o elder_n when_o he_o be_v anoint_v it_o be_v not_o to_o observe_v any_o law_n or_o condition_n make_v by_o the_o people_n for_o aught_o appear_v but_o to_o keep_v god_n law_n and_o serve_v he_o and_o to_o seek_v the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n as_o they_o be_v to_o protect_v he_o 6._o the_o reubenites_n and_o gadites_n promise_v their_o obedience_n not_o according_a to_o their_o law_n or_o condition_n agree_v upon_o but_o in_o these_o word_n all_o that_o thou_o cammande_v we_o we_o will_v do_v and_o whithersoever_o thou_o send_v we_o we_o will_v go_v as_o we_o hearken_v to_o moses_n in_o all_o thing_n so_o will_v we_o harken_v unto_o thou_o only_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n be_v with_o thou_o as_o he_o be_v with_o moses_n where_o be_v there_o any_o condition_n of_o any_o humane_a law_n express_v though_o the_o rebellious_a tribe_n offer_v condition_n to_o rehoboam_n where_o can_v we_o find_v that_o for_o like_a condition_n not_o perform_v all_o israel_n depose_v samuel_n i_o wonder_v mr._n milton_n shall_v say_v this_o when_o within_o a_o few_o line_n after_o he_o profess_v that_o samuel_n have_v govern_v they_o upright_o iv._o ius_n regni_n be_v much_o stumble_v at_o and_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o king_n which_o say_v his_o power_n be_v supreme_a in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o he_o be_v accountable_a to_o none_o but_o to_o god_n and_o that_o he_o may_v do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o be_v not_o bind_v by_o law_n it_o be_v say_v if_o this_o definition_n be_v good_a no_o man_n be_v or_o ever_o be_v who_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o tyrant_n p._n 14._o for_o when_o he_o have_v violate_v all_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v a_o king_n and_o guiltless_a jure_fw-la regio_fw-la to_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o definition_n confess_v he_o be_v accountable_a to_o god_n and_o therefore_o not_o guiltless_a if_o he_o violate_v divine_a law_n humane_a law_n must_v not_o be_v shuffle_v in_o with_o divine_a they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o authority_n if_o humane_a law_n bind_v a_o king_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o have_v supreme_a power_n among_o man_n if_o any_o man_n can_v find_v we_o out_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o government_n wherein_o the_o supreme_a power_n can_v be_v without_o be_v free_v from_o humane_a law_n they_o shall_v first_o teach_v we_o that_o but_o if_o all_o sort_n of_o popular_a government_n that_o can_v be_v invent_v can_v be_v one_o minute_n without_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n free_v from_o all_o humane_a law_n what_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v why_o a_o royal_a government_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o like_a freedom_n if_o it_o be_v tyranny_n for_o one_o man_n to_o govern_v arbitrary_o why_o shall_v it_o not_o be_v far_o great_a tyranny_n for_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n to_o govern_v without_o be_v accountable_a or_o bind_v by_o law_n it_o will_v be_v further_o inquire_v how_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o any_o government_n at_o all_o to_o be_v in_o the_o world_n without_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n it_o be_v not_o power_n except_o it_o be_v arbitary_a a_o legislative_a power_n can_v be_v without_o be_v absolve_v from_o humane_a law_n it_o can_v be_v show_v how_o a_o king_n can_v have_v any_o power_n at_o all_o but_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n we_o be_v teach_v that_o power_n be_v therefore_o give_v to_o a_o king_n by_o the_o people_n that_o he_o may_v see_v by_o the_o authority_n to_o he_o commit_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v against_o law_n and_o that_o he_o keep_v our_o law_n and_o not_o impose_v upon_o we_o his_o own_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o royal_a power_n but_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o by_o they_o pag._n 155._o and_o again_o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n can_v imprison_v fine_a or_o punish_v any_o man_n except_o he_o be_v first_o cite_v into_o some_o court_n where_o not_o the_o king_n but_o the_o usual_a judge_n give_v sentence_n pag._n 168._o and_o before_o we_o be_v tell_v not_o the_o king_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n do_v set_v up_o and_o take_v away_o all_o court_n pag._n 167._o lo_o here_o we_o have_v mr._n milton_n perfect_a definition_n of_o a_o king_n he_o be_v one_o to_o who_o the_o people_n give_v power_n to_o see_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v against_o law_n and_o that_o he_o keep_v our_o law_n and_o not_o impose_v his_o own_o whereas_o all_o other_o man_n have_v the_o faculty_n of_o see_v by_o nature_n the_o king_n only_o have_v it_o by_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o people_n other_o power_n he_o have_v none_o he_o may_v see_v the_o judge_n keep_v the_o law_n if_o they_o will_v he_o can_v compel_v they_o for_o he_o may_v not_o imprison_v fine_a nor_o punish_v any_o man_n the_o court_n of_o justice_n may_v and_o they_o be_v set_v up_o and_o put_v down_o by_o the_o parliament_n yet_o in_o this_o very_a definition_n of_o a_o king_n we_o may_v spy_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o the_o king_n for_o he_o may_v wink_v if_o he_o will_v and_o no_o other_o power_n do_v this_o description_n of_o a_o king_n give_v but_o only_o a_o power_n to_o see_v whereas_o it_o be_v say_v aristotle_n do_v mention_v a_o absolute_a kingdom_n for_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o to_o show_v how_o absurd_a unjust_a and_o most_o tyrannical_a it_o be_v there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n say_v by_o aristotle_n but_o the_o contrary_a where_o he_o say_v that_o 〈◊〉_d king_n according_a to_o law_n make_v no_o sort_n of_o government_n and_o after_o he_o have_v reckon_v up_o five_o sort_n of_o king_n he_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n but_o two_o sort_n the_o lacedaemonian_a king_n and_o the_o absolute_a king_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v but_o as_o general_n in_o a_o army_n and_o therefore_o no_o king_n at_o all_o and_o then_o fix_v and_o rest_v upon_o the_o absolute_a king_n who_o rule_v according_a to_o
they_o may_v give_v full_a power_n to_o the_o king_n the_o example_n he_o bring_v out_o of_o plato_n of_o the_o heraclide_n do_v not_o prove_v it_o and_o it_o be_v to_o dream_v of_o such_o a_o form_n of_o government_n as_o never_o yet_o have_v name_n nor_o be_v ever_o find_v in_o any_o settle_a kingdom_n nor_o can_v possible_o be_v without_o strange_a confusion_n if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o voluntary_a and_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o man_n when_o they_o be_v free_a to_o put_v themselves_o under_o subjection_n why_o may_v they_o not_o as_o voluntary_o leave_v subjection_n when_o they_o please_v and_o be_v free_a again_o if_o they_o have_v a_o liberty_n to_o change_v their_o natural_a freedom_n into_o a_o voluntary_a subjection_n there_o be_v strong_a reason_n that_o they_o may_v change_v their_o voluntary_a subjection_n into_o natural_a freedom_n since_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a for_o man_n to_o alter_v their_o will_n as_o their_o judgement_n certain_o it_o be_v a_o rare_a felicity_n that_o all_o the_o man_n in_o the_o world_n at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n shall_v agree_v together_o in_o one_o mind_n to_o change_v the_o natural_a community_n of_o all_o thing_n into_o private_a dominion_n for_o without_o such_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o community_n to_o be_v alter_v for_o if_o but_o one_o man_n in_o the_o world_n have_v dissent_v the_o alteration_n have_v be_v unjust_a because_o that_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o right_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n so_o that_o to_o have_v give_v a_o propriety_n of_o any_o one_o thing_n to_o any_o other_o have_v be_v to_o have_v rob_v he_o of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o of_o this_o judgement_n the_o jesuit_n lud._n molina_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr justitia_fw-la where_o he_o say_v si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la de_fw-la cohabit_v antibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o one_o of_o the_o neighbour_n will_v not_o give_v his_o consent_n to_o it_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v have_v no_o authority_n over_o he_o because_o then_o every_o other_o man_n have_v no_o right_a or_o authority_n over_o he_o and_o therefore_o can_v they_o not_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n over_o he_o if_o our_o first_o parent_n or_o some_o other_o of_o our_o forefather_n do_v voluntary_o bring_v in_o propriety_n of_o good_n and_o subjection_n to_o governor_n and_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n either_o to_o bring_v they_o in_o or_o not_o or_o have_v bring_v they_o in_o to_o alter_v their_o mind_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o first_o condition_n of_o community_n and_o liberty_n what_o reason_n can_v there_o be_v allege_v that_o man_n that_o now_o live_v shall_v not_o have_v the_o same_o power_n so_o that_o if_o any_o one_o man_n in_o the_o world_n be_v he_o never_o so_o mean_a or_o base_a will_v but_o alter_v his_o will_n and_o say_v he_o will_v resume_v his_o natural_a right_n to_o community_n and_o be_v restore_v unto_o his_o natural_a liberty_n and_o consequent_o take_v what_o he_o please_v and_o do_v what_o he_o list_v who_o can_v say_v that_o such_o a_o man_n do_v more_o than_o by_o right_o he_o may_v and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v lawful_a for_o every_o man_n when_o he_o please_v to_o dissolve_v all_o government_n and_o destroy_v all_o property_n whereas_o grotius_n say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n all_o thing_n be_v at_o first_o common_a and_o yet_o teach_v that_o after_o propriety_n be_v bring_v in_o it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o use_v community_n he_o do_v thereby_o not_o only_o make_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n changeable_a which_o he_o say_v god_fw-we can_v do_v but_o he_o also_o make_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n contrary_n to_o itself_o the_o anarchy_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n the_o preface_n we_o do_v but_o flatter_v ourselves_o if_o we_o hope_v ever_o to_o be_v govern_v without_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n no_o we_o mistake_v the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n but_o the_o only_a point_n be_v who_o shall_v have_v that_o arbitrary_a power_n whether_o one_o man_n or_o many_o there_o never_o be_v nor_o ever_o can_v be_v any_o people_n govern_v without_o a_o power_n of_o make_v law_n and_o every_o power_n of_o make_v law_n must_v be_v arbitrary_a for_o to_o make_v a_o law_n according_a to_o law_n be_v contradictio_fw-la in_o adjecto_fw-la it_o be_v general_o confess_v that_o in_o a_o democracy_n the_o supreme_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n of_o make_v law_n be_v in_o a_o multitude_n and_o so_o in_o a_o aristocracy_n the_o like_a legislative_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v in_o a_o few_o or_o in_o the_o nobility_n and_o therefore_o by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n in_o a_o monarchy_n the_o same_o legislative_a power_n must_v be_v in_o one_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o aristotle_n who_o say_v government_n be_v in_o one_o or_o in_o a_o few_o or_o in_o many_o this_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o government_n in_o these_o latter_a day_n have_v be_v strange_o refine_v by_o the_o romanist_n and_o wonderful_o improve_v since_o the_o reformation_n especial_o in_o point_n of_o monarchy_n by_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o people_n have_v original_o a_o power_n to_o create_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n to_o limit_v and_o compound_v they_o with_o other_o form_n of_o government_n at_o their_o pleasure_n as_o for_o this_o natural_a power_n of_o the_o people_n they_o find_v neither_o scripture_n reason_n or_o practise_v to_o justify_v it_o for_o though_o several_a kingdom_n have_v several_a and_o distinct_a law_n one_o from_o another_o yet_o that_o do_v not_o make_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n nor_o do_v the_o difference_n of_o obtain_v the_o supreme_a power_n whether_o by_o conquest_n election_n succession_n or_o by_o any_o other_o way_n make_v different_a sort_n of_o government_n it_o be_v the_o difference_n only_o of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o law_n and_o not_o of_o the_o law_n themselves_o that_o alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n that_o be_v whether_o one_o man_n or_o more_o than_o one_o make_v the_o law_n since_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o new_a doctrine_n of_o the_o limitation_n and_o mixture_n of_o monarchy_n it_o be_v most_o apparent_a that_o monarchy_n have_v be_v crucify_v as_o it_o be_v between_o two_o thief_n the_o pope_n and_o the_o people_n for_o what_o principle_n the_o papist_n make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n above_o king_n the_o very_a same_o by_o blot_v out_o the_o word_n pope_n and_o put_v in_o the_o word_n people_n the_o plebist_n take_v up_o to_o use_v against_o their_o sovereign_n if_o we_o will_v true_o know_v what_o popery_n be_v we_o shall_v find_v by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o the_o main_a and_o indeed_o the_o only_a point_n of_o popery_n be_v the_o alienate_n and_o withdraw_v of_o subject_n from_o their_o obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n to_o raise_v sedition_n and_o rebellion_n if_o popery_n and_o popularity_n agree_v in_o this_o point_n the_o king_n of_o christendom_n that_o have_v shake_v off_o the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n have_v make_v no_o great_a bargain_n of_o it_o if_o in_o place_n of_o one_o lord_n abroad_o they_o get_v many_o lord_n at_o home_n within_o their_o own_o kingdom_n i_o can_v but_o reverence_v that_o form_n of_o government_n which_o be_v allow_v and_o make_v use_n of_o for_o god_n own_o people_n and_o for_o all_o other_o nation_n it_o be_v impiety_n to_o think_v that_o god_n who_o be_v careful_a to_o appoint_v judicial_a law_n for_o his_o choose_a people_n will_v not_o furnish_v they_o with_o the_o best_a form_n of_o government_n or_o to_o imagine_v that_o the_o rule_v give_v in_o divers_a place_n in_o the_o gospel_n by_o our_o bless_a saviour_n and_o his_o apostle_n for_o obedience_n to_o king_n shall_v now_o like_o almanac_n out_o of_o date_n be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o we_o because_o it_o be_v pretend_v we_o have_v a_o form_n of_o government_n now_o not_o once_o think_v of_o in_o those_o day_n it_o be_v a_o shame_n and_o scandal_n for_o we_o christian_n to_o seek_v the_o original_a of_o government_n from_o the_o invention_n or_o fiction_n of_o poet_n orator_n philosopher_n and_o heathen_a historian_n who_o all_o live_v thousand_o of_o year_n after_o the_o creation_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o to_o neglect_v the_o scripture_n which_o have_v with_o more_o authority_n most_o particular_o give_v we_o the_o true_a ground_n and_o principle_n of_o government_n these_o consideration_n cause_v i_o to_o scruple_n this_o modern_a piece_n of_o politic_n touch_v limit_v and_o mix_v monarchy_n and_o find_v no_o other_o that_o present_v we_o with_o the_o nature_n and_o mean_n of_o limitation_n
give_v and_o take_v away_o kingdom_n and_o thereby_o to_o adopt_v subject_n into_o the_o obedience_n of_o another_o fatherly_a power_n according_a to_o that_o of_o arist._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o monarchy_n or_o kingdom_n will_v be_v a_o fatherly_a government_n ethic._n l._n 8._o c._n 12._o however_o the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o the_o people_n be_v cry_v up_o as_o the_o sole_a mean_n to_o determine_v the_o kind_a government_n and_o the_o governor_n yet_o in_o the_o close_a all_o the_o favourer_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v constrain_v to_o grant_v that_o the_o obedience_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o fatherly_a power_n be_v the_o true_a and_o only_a cause_n of_o the_o subjection_n which_o we_o that_o be_v now_o live_v give_v to_o king_n since_o none_o of_o we_o give_v consent_n to_o government_n but_o only_o our_o forefather_n act_v and_o consent_n have_v conclude_v we_o whereas_o many_o confess_v that_o government_n only_o in_o the_o abstract_n be_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o prove_v any_o such_o ordinance_n in_o the_o scripture_n but_o only_o in_o the_o fatherly_a power_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v the_o commandment_n that_o enjoin_v obedience_n to_o superior_n give_v in_o the_o term_n of_o honour_n thy_o father_n so_o that_o not_o only_o the_o power_n or_o right_v of_o government_n but_o the_o form_n of_o the_o power_n of_o govern_v and_o the_o person_n have_v that_o power_n be_v all_o the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n the_o first_o father_n have_v not_o only_o simple_o power_n but_o power_n monarchical_a as_o he_o be_v a_o father_n immediate_o from_o god_n for_o by_o the_o appointment_n of_o god_n as_o soon_o as_o adam_n be_v create_v he_o be_v monarch_n of_o the_o world_n though_o he_o have_v no_o subject_n for_o though_o there_o can_v not_o be_v actual_a government_n until_o there_o be_v subject_n yet_o by_o the_o right_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v due_a to_o adam_n to_o be_v governor_n of_o his_o posterity_n though_o not_o in_o act_n yet_o at_o least_o in_o habit_n adam_n be_v a_o king_n from_o his_o creation_n and_o in_o the_o state_n of_o innocency_n he_o have_v be_v governor_n of_o his_o child_n for_o the_o integrity_n or_o excellency_n of_o the_o subject_n do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o order_n or_o eminency_n of_o the_o governor_n eve_n be_v subject_a to_o adam_n before_o he_o sin_v the_o angel_n who_o be_v of_o a_o pure_a nature_n be_v subject_a to_o god_n which_o confute_v their_o say_n who_o in_o disgrace_n of_o civil_a government_n or_o power_n say_v it_o be_v bring_v in_o by_o sin_n government_n as_o to_o coactive_a power_n be_v after_o sin_n because_o coaction_n suppose_v some_o disorder_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o state_n of_o innocency_n but_o as_o for_o directive_n power_n the_o condition_n of_o humane_a nature_n require_v it_o since_o civil_a society_n can_v be_v imagine_v without_o power_n of_o government_n for_o although_o as_o long_o as_o man_n continue_v in_o the_o state_n of_o innocency_n they_o may_v not_o need_v the_o direction_n of_o adam_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_o and_o moral_o to_o be_v do_v yet_o thing_n indifferent_a that_o depend_v mere_o on_o their_o free_a will_n may_v be_v direct_v by_o the_o power_n of_o adam_n command_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o first_o plantation_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v after_o the_o build_n of_o babel_n when_o the_o confusion_n of_o tongue_n be_v we_o may_v find_v the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o distinct_a kingdom_n and_o country_n by_o several_a family_n whereof_o the_o son_n or_o grandchild_n of_o noah_n be_v the_o king_n or_o governor_n by_o a_o fatherly_a right_n and_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o this_o power_n and_o right_n in_o the_o father_n god_n be_v please_v upon_o several_a family_n to_o bestow_v a_o language_n on_o each_o by_o itself_o the_o better_a to_o unite_v it_o into_o a_o nation_n or_o kingdom_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o text_n gen._n 10._o these_o be_v the_o family_n of_o the_o son_n of_o noah_n after_o their_o generation_n in_o their_o nation_n and_o by_o these_o be_v the_o nation_n divide_v in_o the_o earth_n after_o the_o flood_n every_o one_o after_o his_o tongue_n after_o their_o family_n in_o their_o nation_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v gracious_o please_v to_o admit_v and_o accept_v the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n as_o the_o representee_n of_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o real_o and_o true_o they_o be_v not_o the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n be_v not_o the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n they_o do_v not_o represent_v the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o head_n and_o principal_a member_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o do_v they_o represent_v the_o lord_n who_o be_v the_o noble_a and_o high_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o be_v personal_o present_a in_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o need_v no_o representation_n the_o commons_o only_o represent_v a_o part_n of_o the_o low_a 〈◊〉_d inferior_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v the_o freeholders_n worth_n 40_o s._n by_o the_o year_n and_o the_o commons_o or_o freeman_n of_o city_n and_o burrough_n or_o the_o major_a part_n of_o they_o all_o which_o be_v not_o one_o quarter_n nay_o not_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o in_o every_o parish_n for_o one_o freeholder_n there_o may_v be_v find_v ten_o that_o be_v no_o freeholders_n and_o ancient_o before_o rent_n be_v improve_v there_o be_v nothing_o near_o so_o many_o freeholders_n of_o 40_o s._n by_o the_o year_n as_o now_o be_v to_o be_v find_v the_o scope_n and_o conclusion_n of_o this_o discourse_n and_o argument_n be_v that_o the_o people_n take_v in_o what_o notion_n or_o sense_n soever_o either_o diffusive_o collective_o or_o representative_o have_v not_o nor_o can_v exercise_v any_o right_a or_o power_n of_o their_o own_o by_o nature_n either_o in_o choose_v or_o in_o regulate_v king_n but_o whatsoever_o power_n any_o people_n do_v lawful_o exercise_v it_o must_v receive_v it_o from_o a_o supreme_a power_n on_o earth_n and_o practise_v it_o with_o such_o limitation_n as_o that_o superior_a power_n shall_v appoint_v to_o return_v to_o our_o author_n he_o divide_v monarchy_n into_o absolute_a limit_v absolute_a monarchy_n say_v he_o be_v when_o the_o 6._o sovereignty_n be_v so_o full_o in_o one_o that_o it_o have_v no_o limit_n or_o bound_n under_o god_n but_o his_o own_o will_n this_o definition_n of_o his_o i_o embrace_v and_o as_o before_o i_o charge_v our_o author_n for_o not_o give_v we_o a_o definition_n of_o monarchy_n in_o general_n so_o i_o now_o note_v he_o for_o not_o afford_v we_o any_o definition_n of_o any_o other_o particular_a â—…nd_n of_o monarchy_n but_o only_o of_o absolute_a it_o may_v peradventure_o make_v some_o doubt_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o sort_n but_o only_o that_o which_o he_o call_v absolute_a concern_v absolute_a monarchy_n he_o grant_v that_o such_o be_v the_o ancient_a eastern_a monarchy_n and_o that_o of_o the_o turk_n and_o persian_a at_o this_o day_n herein_o he_o say_v very_o true_a and_o we_o must_v remember_v he_o though_o he_o do_v not_o mention_v they_o that_o the_o monarch_n of_o judah_n and_o israel_n must_v be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o number_n of_o those_o he_o call_v the_o eastern_a monarchy_n and_o true_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o all_o the_o ancient_a monarchy_n of_o the_o world_n have_v be_v absolute_a i_o shall_v not_o have_v quarreld_v at_o he_o â—…or_n do_v i_o know_v who_o can_v have_v disprove_v he_o next_o it_o follow_v that_o absolute_a monarchy_n be_v when_o 〈◊〉_d people_n be_v absolute_o resign_v up_o or_o resign_v up_o themselves_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o will_n of_o one_o man_n where_o man_n put_v themselves_o into_o this_o utmost_a degree_n of_o subjection_n by_o oath_n and_o contract_n or_o be_v bear_v and_o bring_v unto_o it_o by_o god_n providence_n in_o both_o these_o place_n he_o acknowledge_v there_o may_v be_v other_o mean_n of_o obtain_v a_o monarchy_n beside_o the_o contract_n of_o a_o nation_n or_o people_n resign_v up_o themselves_o to_o be_v govern_v which_o be_v contrary_a to_o what_o he_o after_o say_v that_o the_o sole_a mean_a or_o root_n of_o all_o sovereignty_n be_v 12._o the_o consent_n and_o fundamental_a contract_n of_o a_o nation_n of_o man_n moreover_o the_o author_n determine_v that_o absolute_a monarchy_n be_v a_o lawful_a government_n and_o that_o man_n may_v be_v bear_v and_o bring_v unto_o it_o by_o god_n providence_n it_o bind_v they_o and_o they_o must_v abide_v it_o because_o a_o oath_n to_o a_o lawful_a thing_n be_v obligatory_a this_o position_n of_o his_o i_o approve_v but_o his_o reason_n do_v not_o satisfy_v for_o
he_o may_v enjoy_v this_o it_o seem_v our_o author_n be_v not_o confident_a in_o this_o neither_o and_o some_o other_o do_v deny_v it_o he_o our_o author_n speak_v of_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n say_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o officer_n be_v entrust_v to_o the_o judgement_n 38._o of_o the_o monarch_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v he_o be_v not_o resolute_a in_o the_o point_n but_o for_o aught_o he_o know_v and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v his_o monarch_n be_v but_o titular_a a_o empty_a title_n certain_a of_o no_o power_n at_o all_o the_o power_n of_o choose_v officer_n only_o be_v the_o base_a of_o all_o power_n aristotle_n as_o i_o remember_v say_v the_o common_a people_n be_v fit_a for_o nothing_o but_o to_o choose_v officer_n and_o to_o take_v account_n and_o indeed_o in_o all_o popular_a government_n the_o multitude_n perform_v this_o work_n and_o this_o work_n in_o a_o king_n put_v he_o below_o all_o his_o subject_n and_o make_v he_o the_o only_a subject_n in_o a_o kingdom_n or_o the_o only_a man_n that_o can_v govern_v there_o be_v not_o the_o poor_a man_n of_o the_o multitude_n but_o be_v capable_a of_o some_o office_n or_o other_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n may_v sometime_o or_o other_o perhaps_o govern_v according_a to_o the_o law_n only_o the_o king_n can_v be_v no_o officer_n but_o to_o choose_v officer_n his_o subject_n may_v all_o govern_v but_o he_o may_v not_o next_o i_o can_v see_v how_o in_o true_a sense_n our_o author_n can_v say_v his_o monarch_n be_v the_o head_n and_o fountain_n of_o power_n since_o his_o doctrine_n be_v that_o in_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n the_o public_a society_n by_o original_a constitution_n confer_v on_o one_o man_n power_n be_v not_o then_o the_o public_a society_n the_o head_n and_o fountain_n of_o power_n and_o not_o the_o king_n again_o when_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o his_o monarch_n that_o both_o the_o other_o state_n as_o well_o conjunctim_fw-la as_o divisim_fw-la be_v his_o swear_a subject_n and_o owe_v obedience_n to_o his_o command_n he_o do_v but_o flout_v his_o poor_a monarch_n for_o why_o be_v they_o call_v his_o subject_n and_o his_o commons_o he_o without_o any_o compliment_n be_v their_o subject_n for_o they_o as_o officer_n may_v govern_v and_o command_v according_a to_o law_n but_o he_o may_v not_o for_o he_o must_v judge_v by_o his_o judge_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n only_o that_o be_v he_o may_v not_o judge_v or_o govern_v at_o all_o 2._o as_o for_o the_o second_o particular_a the_o sole_a or_o chief_a power_n in_o capacitate_v person_n for_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o 3._o as_o to_o this_o three_o particular_a the_o power_n of_o convocate_a such_o person_n they_o be_v both_o so_o far_o from_o make_v a_o monarch_n that_o they_o be_v the_o only_a way_n to_o make_v he_o none_o by_o choose_v and_o call_v other_o to_o share_v in_o the_o supreme_a power_n 4._o last_o concern_v his_o authority_n be_v the_o last_o and_o great_a in_o the_o establish_n every_o act_n it_o make_v he_o no_o monarch_n except_o he_o be_v sole_a that_o have_v that_o authority_n neither_o his_o primity_n of_o share_n in_o the_o supreme_a power_n nor_o his_o authority_n be_v last_o no_o nor_o his_o have_v the_o great_a authority_n do_v make_v he_o a_o monarch_n unless_o he_o have_v that_o authority_n alone_o beside_o how_o can_v he_o show_v that_o in_o his_o mix_a monarchy_n the_o monarch_n power_n be_v the_o great_a the_o great_a share_n that_o our_o author_n allow_v he_o in_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v a_o negative_a voice_n and_o the_o like_a be_v allow_v to_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o and_o true_o a_o negative_a voice_n be_v but_o a_o base_a term_n to_o express_v a_o legislative_a power_n a_o negative_a voice_n be_v but_o a_o privative_a power_n or_o indeed_o no_o power_n at_o all_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n only_o a_o power_n to_o hinder_v a_o act_n from_o be_v do_v wherefore_o i_o conclude_v not_o any_o of_o his_o four_o nor_o all_o of_o they_o put_v into_o one_o person_n 26._o make_v the_o state_n monarchical_a this_o mix_a monarchy_n just_a like_o the_o limit_a end_v in_o confusion_n and_o destruction_n of_o all_o government_n you_o shall_v hear_v the_o author_n confession_n that_o one_o inconvenience_n must_v necessary_o be_v in_o all_o mix_a 28._o government_n which_o i_o show_v to_o be_v in_o limit_a government_n there_o can_v be_v no_o constitute_v legal_a authoritative_a judge_n of_o the_o fundamental_a controversy_n arise_v between_o the_o three_o estate_n if_o such_o do_v rise_v it_o be_v the_o fatal_a disease_n of_o those_o government_n for_o which_o no_o salve_n can_v be_v apply_v it_o be_v a_o case_n beyond_o the_o possible_a provision_n of_o such_o a_o government_n of_o this_o question_n there_o be_v no_o legal_a judge_n the_o accuse_a side_n must_v make_v it_o evident_a to_o every_o man_n conscience_n the_o appeal_n must_v be_v to_o the_o community_n as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o government_n and_o as_o by_o evidence_n conscience_n be_v convince_v they_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v their_o assistance_n the_o wit_n of_o man_n can_v say_v more_o for_o anarchy_n thus_o have_v i_o pick_v out_o the_o flower_n out_o of_o his_o doctrine_n about_o limit_a monarchy_n and_o present_v they_o with_o some_o brief_a annotation_n it_o be_v a_o tedious_a work_n to_o collect_v all_o the_o learned_a contradiction_n and_o ambiguous_a expression_n that_o occur_v in_o every_o page_n of_o his_o platonic_a monarchy_n the_o book_n have_v so_o much_o of_o fancy_n that_o it_o be_v a_o better_a piece_n of_o poetry_n than_o policy_n because_o many_o may_v think_v that_o the_o main_a doctrine_n of_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n may_v in_o itself_o be_v most_o authentical_a and_o ground_v upon_o strong_a and_o evident_a reason_n although_o our_o author_n perhaps_o have_v fail_v in_o some_o of_o his_o expression_n and_o be_v liable_a to_o exception_n therefore_o i_o will_v be_v bold_a to_o inquire_v whether_o aristotle_n can_v find_v either_o reason_n or_o example_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o i_o find_v our_o author_n altogether_o insist_o upon_o a_o rational_a way_n of_o justify_v his_o opinion_n no_o man_n i_o think_v will_v deny_v but_o that_o aristotle_n be_v sufficient_o curious_a in_o search_v out_o the_o several_a form_n of_o commonwealth_n and_o kingdom_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o he_o ever_o so_o much_o as_o dream_v of_o either_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n several_a other_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n he_o reckon_v up_o in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o his_o politic_n he_o spend_v three_o whole_a chapter_n together_o upon_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o monarchy_n first_o in_o his_o fourteen_o chapter_n he_o mention_n four_o kind_n of_o monarchy_n the_o laconic_a or_o lacedaemonian_a the_o barbarique_fw-la the_o aesymnetical_a the_o heroic_a the_o laconic_a or_o lacedaemonian_a king_n say_v he_o have_v only_o supreme_a power_n when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_a territory_n then_o he_o have_v absolute_a power_n his_o kingdom_n be_v like_a to_o a_o perpetual_a lord_n general_n of_o a_o army_n the_o barbarique_a king_n say_v aristotle_n have_v a_o power_n very_o near_o to_o tyranny_n yet_o they_o be_v lawful_a and_o paternal_a because_o the_o barbarian_n be_v of_o a_o more_o servile_a nature_n than_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o asiatiques_n than_o the_o european_n they_o do_v willing_o without_o repine_v live_v under_o a_o masterly_a government_n yet_o their_o government_n be_v stable_a and_o safe_a because_o they_o be_v paternal_a and_o lawful_a kingdom_n and_o their_o guard_n be_v royal_a and_o not_o tyrannical_a for_o king_n be_v guard_v by_o their_o own_o subject_n and_o tyrant_n be_v guard_v by_o stranger_n the_o aesymnetical_a king_n say_v arist._n in_o old_a time_n in_o greece_n be_v a_o elective_a tyrant_n and_o differ_v only_o from_o the_o barbarian_a king_n in_o that_o he_o be_v elective_a and_o not_o paternal_a these_o sort_n of_o king_n because_o they_o be_v tyrannical_a be_v masterly_a but_o because_o they_o be_v over_o such_o as_o voluntary_o elect_v they_o they_o be_v regal_a the_o heroic_a be_v those_o say_v aristotle_n which_o flourish_v in_o the_o heroical_a time_n to_o who_o the_o people_n do_v willing_o obey_v and_o they_o be_v paternal_a and_o lawful_a because_o these_o king_n do_v deserve_v well_o of_o the_o multitude_n either_o by_o teach_v they_o art_n or_o by_o warring_n for_o they_o or_o by_o gather_v they_o together_o when_o they_o be_v disperse_v or_o by_o divide_v land_n among_o they_o these_o king_n have_v supreme_a power_n in_o war_n in_o sacrifice_n in_o judicature_n these_o four_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n have_v aristotle_n thus_o distinguish_v and_o after_o sum_n they_o up_o together_o and_o conclude_v his_o chapter_n as_o if_o he_o have_v
forget_v himself_o and_o reckon_v up_o a_o five_o kind_n of_o monarchy_n which_o be_v say_v he_o when_o one_o alone_o have_v supreme_a power_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o as_o there_o be_v a_o domestical_a kingdom_n of_o one_o house_n so_o the_o kingdom_n of_o a_o city_n or_o of_o one_o or_o many_o nation_n be_v a_o family_n these_o be_v all_o the_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n that_o aristotle_n have_v find_v out_o and_o he_o have_v strain_v hard_a to_o make_v they_o so_o many_o first_o for_o his_o lacedaemonian_a king_n himself_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o military_a commander_n in_o war_n and_o so_o in_o effect_n no_o more_o a_o king_n than_o all_o general_n of_o army_n and_o yet_o this_o noking_n of_o his_o be_v not_o limit_v by_o any_o law_n nor_o mix_v with_o any_o companion_n of_o his_o government_n when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o war_n out_o of_o the_o confine_n of_o lacedaemon_n he_o be_v as_o aristotle_n style_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o full_a and_o absolute_a command_n no_o law_n no_o companion_n to_o govern_v his_o army_n but_o his_o own_o will_n next_o for_o aristotle_n aesymnetical_a king_n it_o appear_v he_o be_v out_o of_o date_n in_o aristotle_n time_n for_o he_o say_v he_o be_v among_o the_o ancient_a greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aristotle_n may_v well_o have_v spare_v the_o name_v he_o if_o he_o have_v not_o want_v other_o sort_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n for_o he_o that_o but_o now_o tell_v we_o the_o barbarian_n be_v of_o a_o more_o servile_a nature_n than_o the_o grecian_n come_v here_o and_o tell_v we_o that_o these_o old_a greek_a king_n be_v elective_a tyrant_n the_o barbarian_n do_v but_o suffer_v tyrant_n in_o show_n but_o the_o old_a grecian_n choose_v tyrant_n indeed_o which_o then_o must_v we_o think_v be_v the_o great_a slave_n the_o greek_n or_o the_o barbarian_n now_o if_o these_o sort_n of_o king_n be_v tyrant_n we_o can_v suppose_v they_o be_v limit_v either_o by_o law_n or_o join_v with_o companion_n indeed_o arist._n say_v some_o of_o these_o tyrant_n be_v limit_v to_o certain_a time_n and_o action_n for_o they_o have_v not_o all_o their_o power_n for_o term_v of_o life_n nor_o can_v meddle_v but_o in_o certain_a business_n yet_o during_o the_o time_n they_o be_v tyrant_n and_o in_o the_o action_n whereto_o they_o be_v limit_v they_o have_v absolute_a power_n to_o do_v what_o they_o list_v according_a to_o their_o own_o will_n or_o else_o they_o can_v not_o have_v be_v say_v to_o be_v tyrant_n as_o for_o aristotle_n heroic_a king_n he_o give_v the_o like_a note_n upon_o he_o that_o he_o do_v upon_o the_o aesymnet_n that_o he_o be_v in_o old_a time_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o heroic_a time_n the_o thing_n that_o make_v these_o heroical_a kingdom_n differ_v from_o other_o sort_n of_o kingdom_n be_v only_o the_o mean_n by_o which_o the_o first_o king_n obtain_v their_o kingdom_n and_o not_o the_o manner_n of_o government_n for_o in_o that_o they_o be_v as_o absolute_a as_o other_o king_n be_v without_o either_o limitation_n by_o law_n or_o mixture_n of_o companion_n last_o as_o for_o arist._n barbarick_n sort_n of_o king_n since_o he_o reckon_v all_o the_o world_n barbarian_n except_o the_o grecian_n his_o barbaric_a king_n must_v extend_v to_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o king_n in_o the_o world_n beside_o those_o of_o greece_n and_o so_o may_v go_v under_o aristotle_n five_o sort_n of_o king_n which_o in_o general_n comprehend_v all_o other_o sort_n and_o be_v no_o special_a form_n of_o monarchy_n thus_o upon_o a_o true_a account_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o five_o several_a sort_n of_o king_n mention_v by_o aristotle_n be_v at_o the_o most_o but_o different_a and_o accidental_a mean_n of_o the_o first_o obtain_v or_o hold_v of_o monarchy_n and_o not_o real_a or_o essential_a difference_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o government_n which_o be_v always_o absolute_a without_o either_o limitation_n or_o mixture_n i_o may_v be_v think_v perhaps_o to_o mistake_v or_o wrong_a aristotle_n in_o question_v his_o diversity_n of_o king_n but_o it_o seem_v aristotle_n himself_o be_v partly_o of_o the_o same_o mind_n for_o in_o the_o very_a next_o chapter_n when_o he_o have_v better_a consider_v of_o the_o point_n he_o confess_v that_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n there_o be_v almost_o but_o two_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n worth_a the_o consider_v that_o be_v his_o first_o or_o laconic_a sort_n and_o his_o five_o or_o last_o sort_n where_o one_o alone_o have_v supreme_a power_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n thus_o he_o have_v bring_v his_o five_o sort_n to_o two_o now_o for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o two_o his_o lacedaemonian_a king_n he_o have_v confess_v before_o that_o he_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o generalissimo_n of_o a_o army_n and_o so_o upon_o the_o matter_n no_o king_n at_o all_o and_o then_o there_o remain_v only_o his_o last_o sort_n of_o king_n where_o one_o alone_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n and_o this_o in_o substance_n be_v the_o final_a resolution_n of_o aristotle_n himself_n for_o in_o his_o sixteen_o chapter_n where_o he_o deliver_v his_o last_o thought_n touch_v the_o kind_n of_o monarchy_n he_o first_o discharge_v his_o laconic_a king_n from_o be_v any_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n and_o then_o give_v we_o two_o exact_a rule_n about_o monarchy_n and_o both_o these_o be_v pointblank_o against_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n therefore_o i_o shall_v propose_v they_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o as_o conclude_v all_o monarchy_n to_o be_v absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a 1._o the_o one_o rule_n be_v that_o he_o that_o be_v say_v 16._o to_o be_v a_o king_n according_a to_o law_n be_v no_o sort_n of_o government_n or_o kingdom_n at_o all_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2._o the_o second_o rule_n be_v that_o a_o true_a king_n be_v he_o that_o rule_v all_o according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o latter_a free_v a_o monarch_n from_o the_o mixture_n of_o partner_n or_o sharer_n in_o government_n as_o the_o former_a rule_n do_v from_o limitation_n by_o law_n thus_o in_o brief_a i_o have_v trace_v aristotle_n in_o his_o crabbed_a and_o break_a passage_n touch_v diversity_n of_o king_n where_o he_o first_o find_v but_o four_o sort_n and_o then_o he_o stumble_v upon_o a_o five_o and_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n content_v himself_o only_o with_o two_o sort_n of_o king_n but_o in_o the_o chapter_n follow_v conclude_v with_o one_o which_o be_v the_o true_a perfect_a monarch_n who_o rule_v all_o by_o his_o own_o will_n in_o all_o this_o we_o find_v nothing_o for_o a_o regulate_v or_o mix_v monarchy_n but_o against_o it_o moreover_o whereas_o the_o author_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n affirm_v it_o as_o a_o prime_a principle_n that_o all_o monarchy_n except_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n depend_v upon_o humane_a designment_n when_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o society_n of_o man_n and_o a_o fundamental_a contract_n of_o a_o nation_n by_o original_n or_o radical_a constitution_n confer_v power_n he_o must_v know_v that_o arist._n search_v into_o the_o original_n of_o government_n show_v himself_o in_o this_o point_n a_o better_a divine_a than_o our_o author_n and_o as_o if_o he_o have_v study_v the_o book_n of_o genesis_n teach_v that_o monarchy_n fetch_v their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o right_n of_o father_n and_o not_o from_o the_o gift_n or_o contract_n of_o people_n his_o word_n may_v thus_o be_v english_v at_o the_o first_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o king_n and_o so_o even_o to_o this_o day_n be_v nation_n also_o for_o such_o as_o be_v under_o kingly_a government_n do_v come_v together_o for_o every_o house_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o king_n who_o be_v the_o elder_a and_o so_o also_o colony_n be_v govern_v for_o kindred_n sake_n and_o immediate_o before_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o first_o society_n make_v of_o many_o house_n be_v a_o village_n which_o natural_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o a_o house_n which_o some_o call_v foster-brethren_n or_o child_n and_o child_n child_n so_o in_o conclusion_n we_o have_v gain_v aristotle_n judgement_n in_o three_o main_a and_o essential_a point_n 1._o a_o king_n according_a to_o law_n make_v no_o kind_n of_o government_n 2._o a_o king_n must_v rule_v according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n 3._o the_o original_a of_o king_n be_v from_o the_o right_n of_o fatherhood_n what_o aristotle_n judgement_n be_v two_o thousand_o year_n since_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o great_a modern_a politician_n bodin_n hear_v he_o touch_v limit_v monarchy_n unto_o majesty_n or_o sovereignty_n say_v he_o belong_v a_o absolute_a power_n not_o subject_a to_o any_o law_n chief_a power_n give_v unto_o a_o prince_n with_o condition_n be_v not_o proper_o
patri_fw-la g._n eadem_fw-la gratia_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la cantuarienâ—…i_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primati_fw-la &_o metropolitano_n salutem_fw-la quia_fw-la de_fw-la advisamento_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la concilii_fw-la nostri_fw-la pro_fw-la quiâ—…usdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o statum_fw-la &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicaâ—…ae_fw-la concernentibus_fw-la quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la w._n etc._n etc._n teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibidem_fw-la vobiscum_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la â—…aeteris_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tractatum_fw-la vobis_fw-la â—…n_fw-la fide_fw-la &_o dilectione_n quibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenemini_fw-la firmiter_fw-la injungendo_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quod_fw-la consideratis_fw-la dictorum_fw-la negotioruâ—…_n arduitate_fw-la &_o periculis_fw-la imminentibus_fw-la cessante_fw-la quacunquâ—…_n excusatione_fw-la dictis_fw-la die_v &_o loco_fw-la personaliter_fw-la intersitis_fw-la nobiscum_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribâ—…_n praedictis_fw-la super_fw-la dictis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la vestrumque_fw-la concilium_fw-la impensuri_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la sicut_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o honorem_fw-la nostrâ—…ac_fw-la salvationem_fw-la regni_fw-la praedicti_fw-la ac_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sanctae_fw-la expeditionemque_fw-la dictorum_fw-la negotiorum_fw-la diligitis_fw-la nullatenus_fw-la omittatiâ—…_n praemonentes_fw-la decanum_n &_o capitulum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la vestrae_fw-la caâ—…tuariensis_n ac_fw-la archidiacanos_n totumque_fw-la clerum_fw-la vestrae_fw-la diâ—…cesis_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la decanus_n &_o archidiaconi_fw-la in_o propriis_fw-la peâ—…sonis_fw-la suis_fw-la ac_fw-la dictum_fw-la capitulum_n per_fw-la unum_fw-la idemque_fw-la clerâ—…_n per_fw-la duos_fw-la procuratores_fw-la idoneos_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la poâ—…_n statem_fw-la ab_fw-la ipsis_fw-la capitulo_fw-la &_o clero_fw-la habentes_fw-la praedictis_fw-la die_v â—…_n loco_fw-la personaliter_fw-la intersint_fw-la ad_fw-la consentiendum_fw-la hiis_fw-la quae_fw-la tuâ—…ibidem_fw-la de_fw-la commune_fw-la concilio_n ipsius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la divinâ—…_n favente_fw-la clementia_n contigerint_fw-la ordinari_fw-la testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la apâ—…_n west_n etc._n etc._n charles_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o moâ—…_n reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n w._n by_o the_o samâ—…_n grace_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n health_n whereas_o by_o thâ—…_n advice_n and_o assent_n of_o our_o council_n for_o certain_a difficult_a and_o urgent_a business_n concern_v we_o the_o statâ—…_n and_o defence_n of_o our_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o 〈◊〉_d the_o english_a church_n we_o have_v ordain_v a_o certaâ—…_n parliament_n of_o we_o to_o be_v hold_v at_o w._n etc._n etc._n aâ—…_n there_o to_o have_v conference_n and_o to_o treat_v with_o you_o thâ—…_n prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n of_o our_o say_a kingdoâ—…_n we_o strait_o charge_v and_o command_n by_o the_o faiâ—…_n and_o love_n by_o which_o you_o be_v bind_v to_o we_o that_o coâ—…sidering_v the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o business_n aforesaiâ—…_n and_o the_o imminent_a danger_n and_o set_v aside_o all_o excuse_v you_o be_v personal_o present_a at_o the_o day_n and_o place_n aforesaid_a to_o treat_v and_o give_v your_o counsel_n concern_v the_o say_a business_n and_o this_o as_o you_o love_v we_o and_o our_o honour_n and_o the_o safeguard_v of_o the_o foresay_a kingdom_n and_o church_n and_o the_o expedition_n of_o the_o say_a business_n you_o must_v no_o way_n omit_v forewarn_n the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o your_o church_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o archdeacon_n and_o all_o the_o clergy_n of_o your_o diocese_n that_o the_o same_o dean_n and_o the_o archdeacon_n in_o their_o proper_a person_n and_o the_o say_a chapter_n by_o one_o and_o the_o say_a clergy_n by_o two_o fit_a proctor_n have_v full_a and_o sufficient_a power_n from_o they_o the_o chapter_n and_o clergy_n be_v personal_o present_a at_o the_o foresay_a day_n and_o place_n to_o consent_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o then_o and_o there_o shall_v happen_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o god_n to_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o our_o kingdom_n witness_v ourselves_o â—…t_a westm._n the_o same_o form_n of_o writ_n mutatis_fw-la mutandis_fw-la conclude_v with_o you_o must_v no_o way_n omit_v witness_v etc._n etc._n â—…s_v to_o the_o temporal_a baron_n but_o whereas_o the_o spirituâ—…l_a baron_n be_v require_v by_o the_o faith_n and_o love_n the_o temporal_a be_v require_v by_o their_o allegiance_n or_o homage_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o two_o writ_n be_v that_o the_o lord_n be_v to_o treat_v and_o to_o give_v counsel_n the_o commonsâ—…re_n â—…re_z to_o perform_v and_o consent_v to_o what_o be_v ordain_v by_o this_o writ_n the_o lord_n have_v a_o deliberative_a or_o a_o â—…onsultive_a power_n to_o treat_v and_o give_v counsel_n in_o difficult_a business_n and_o so_o likewise_o have_v the_o judge_n baron_n â—…f_n the_o exchequer_n the_o king_n council_n and_o the_o maâ—…ters_n of_o the_o chancery_n by_o their_o writ_n but_o over_o and_o â—…esides_v this_o power_n the_o lord_n do_v exercise_v a_o decisive_a or_o judicial_a power_n which_o be_v not_o mention_v or_o find_v in_o their_o writ_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o these_o two_o different_a power_n we_o must_v careful_o note_v the_o distinction_n between_o a_o judge_n and_o a_o counsellor_n in_o a_o monarchy_n the_o ordinary_a duty_n or_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n be_v to_o give_v judgement_n and_o to_o command_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o king_n but_o the_o ordinary_a duty_n of_o a_o counsellor_n be_v to_o advise_v the_o king_n what_o he_o himself_o shall_v do_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v do_v the_o judge_n represent_v the_o king_n person_n in_o his_o absence_n the_o counsellor_n in_o the_o king_n presence_n give_v his_o advice_n judge_n by_o their_o commission_n oâ—…_n institution_n be_v limit_v their_o charge_n and_o power_n and_o in_o such_o thing_n they_o may_v judge_v and_o cause_v their_o judgement_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n but_o counsellor_n have_v no_o power_n to_o command_v their_o consultation_n to_o bâ—…_n execute_v for_o that_o be_v to_o take_v away_o the_o sovereignty_n from_o their_o prince_n who_o by_o his_o wisdom_n be_v to_o weighâ—…_n the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n and_o at_o liberty_n to_o resoluâ—…_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o wise_a part_n of_o hiâ—…_n council_n and_o not_o always_o of_o the_o great_a in_o a_o word_n regular_o a_o counsellor_n have_v no_o power_n but_o in_o thâ—…_n king_n presence_n and_o a_o judge_n no_o power_n but_o out_o oâ—…_n his_o presence_n these_o two_o power_n thus_o distinguish_v have_v yet_o such_o correspondency_n and_o there_o be_v so_o neeâ—…_n affinity_n between_o the_o act_n of_o judge_v and_o counsel_v that_o although_o the_o ordinary_a power_n of_o the_o judgâ—…_n be_v to_o give_v judgement_n yet_o by_o their_o oath_n they_o arâ—…_n bind_v in_o cause_n extraordinary_a when_o the_o king_n please_v to_o call_v they_o to_o be_v his_o counsellor_n and_o oâ—…_n the_o other_o side_n although_o the_o proper_a work_n of_o a_o counsellor_n be_v only_o to_o make_v report_n of_o his_o advice_n to_o his_o sovereign_n yet_o many_o time_n for_o the_o ease_n only_o and_o by_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o king_n counsellor_n be_v allow_v to_o judge_v and_o command_v in_o point_n wherein_o ordinary_o they_o know_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o what_o they_o do_v be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o royal_a power_n itself_o for_o the_o council_n be_v always_o presuppose_a to_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n be_v style_v by_o the_o king_n in_o his_o privy_a council_n to_o apply_v this_o distinction_n to_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n we_o find_v original_o they_o be_v call_v as_o counsellor_n to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o have_v only_o a_o deliberative_a power_n specify_v in_o their_o writ_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n do_v only_o then_o proper_o perform_v the_o duty_n for_o which_o they_o be_v call_v when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o king_n presence_n that_o he_o may_v have_v conference_n and_o treat_v with_o they_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v nobiscum_fw-la ac_fw-la cum_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la super_fw-la dictis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la vestrumque_fw-la concilium_fw-la impensuri_fw-la with_o we_o and_o with_o the_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n to_o treat_v and_o give_v your_o council_n the_o word_n nobiscum_fw-la imply_v plain_o the_o king_n presence_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n in_o reason_n most_o absurd_a to_o make_v the_o king_n assent_v to_o the_o judgement_n in_o parliament_n and_o allow_v he_o no_o part_n â—…n_o the_o consultation_n this_o be_v to_o make_v the_o king_n â—…_n subject_a council_n lose_v the_o name_n of_o council_n â—…nd_n become_v a_o command_n if_o it_o put_v a_o necessiâ—…y_n upon_o the_o king_n to_o follow_v it_o such_o imperious_a counsel_n make_v those_o that_o be_v but_o counsellor_n â—…n_v name_v to_o
commons_o may_v be_v unjust_a so_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o themselves_o may_v be_v the_o judge_n of_o what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a but_o where_o a_o king_n by_o oath_n bind_v his_o conscience_n to_o protect_v just_a law_n it_o concern_v he_o to_o be_v satisfy_v in_o his_o own_o conscience_n that_o they_o be_v just_a and_o not_o by_o a_o implicit_a faith_n or_o blind_a obedience_n no_o man_n can_v be_v so_o proper_a a_o judge_n of_o the_o justness_n of_o law_n as_o he_o who_o soul_n must_v lie_v at_o the_o stake_n for_o the_o defence_n and_o safeguard_v of_o they_o beside_o in_o this_o very_a oath_n the_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o do_v equal_a and_o right_a justice_n and_o discretion_n in_o mercy_n and_o truth_n in_o all_o his_o judgement_n facies_fw-la fieri_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la judiciis_fw-la tuis_fw-la aequam_fw-la &_o rectam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la &_o discretionem_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la &_o veritate_fw-la if_o we_o allow_v the_o king_n discretion_n and_o mercy_n in_o his_o judgement_n of_o necessity_n he_o must_v judge_v of_o the_o justness_n of_o the_o law_n again_o the_o clause_n of_o the_o oath_n quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la do_v not_o mention_v the_o assent_v unto_o or_o grant_v any_o new_a law_n but_o of_o hold_v protect_a and_o strengthen_v with_o all_o his_o may_v the_o just_a law_n that_o be_v already_o in_o be_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o may_v or_o strength_n if_o assent_v to_o new_a law_n be_v there_o mean_v some_o may_v wonder_v why_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o labour_v to_o deny_v the_o king_n a_o negative_a voice_n since_o a_o negative_a voice_n be_v in_o itself_o so_o poor_a a_o thing_n that_o if_o a_o man_n have_v all_o the_o negative_a voice_n in_o the_o kingdom_n â—…t_o will_v not_o make_v he_o a_o king_n nor_o give_v he_o power_n to_o make_v one_o law_n a_o negative_a voice_n be_v but_o a_o â—…ivative_a power_n that_o be_v no_o power_n at_o all_o to_o do_v or_o act_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o power_n only_o to_o hinder_v the_o power_n of_o another_o negative_n be_v of_o such_o a_o malignant_a or_o destructive_a nature_n that_o if_o they_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o destroy_v they_o will_v when_o they_o meet_v destroy_v one_o another_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o two_o negative_n make_v a_o affirmative_a by_o destroy_v the_o negation_n which_o do_v hinder_v the_o affirmation_n a_o king_n with_o a_o negative_a voice_n only_o be_v but_o like_o a_o syllogism_n of_o pure_a negative_a proposition_n which_o can_v conclude_v nothing_o it_o must_v be_v a_o affirmative_a voice_n that_o make_v both_o a_o king_n and_o a_o law_n and_o without_o it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o imaginable_a government_n the_o reason_n be_v plain_a why_o the_o king_n negative_a voice_n be_v so_o eager_o oppose_v for_o though_o it_o give_v the_o king_n no_o power_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n yet_o it_o give_v he_o a_o power_n to_o hinder_v other_o though_o it_o can_v make_v he_o a_o king_n yet_o it_o can_v help_v he_o to_o keep_v other_o from_o be_v king_n for_o conclusion_n of_o this_o discourse_n of_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o the_o king_n i_o shall_v oppose_v the_o judgement_n of_o a_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n to_o the_o opinion_n of_o he_o that_o call_v himself_o a_o utter_a barister_fw-mi of_o lincoln_n inn_n and_o let_v other_o judge_v who_o be_v the_o better_a lawyer_n of_o the_o two_o the_o word_n be_v bracton_n but_o concern_v mr._n pryn_n to_o lay_v they_o to_o heart_n concern_v the_o charter_n and_o deed_n of_o king_n the_o justice_n nor_o private_a man_n neither_o aught_o nor_o can_v dispute_v nor_o yet_o if_o there_o rise_v a_o doubt_n in_o the_o king_n charter_n can_v they_o interpret_v it_o and_o in_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a point_n or_o if_o a_o word_n contain_v two_o sense_n the_o interpretation_n and_o will_v of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v see_v it_o be_v his_o part_n to_o interpret_v who_o make_v the_o charter_n full_a well_o mr._n pryn_n know_v that_o when_o bracton_n write_v the_o law_n that_o be_v then_o make_v and_o strive_v for_o be_v call_v the_o king_n charter_n as_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n and_o other_o so_o that_o in_o bracton_n judgement_n the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o a_o negative_a voice_n to_o hinder_v but_o a_o affirmative_a to_o make_v a_o law_n which_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o master_n pryn_n will_v allow_v he_o not_o only_o the_o lawmaker_n but_o also_o the_o sole_a judge_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o king_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o bracton_n these_o be_v his_o word_n rex_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alius_fw-la debet_fw-la judicare_fw-la si_fw-la solus_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la sufficere_fw-la possit_fw-la the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o ought_v to_o judge_v if_o he_o alone_o be_v able_a much_o like_o the_o word_n of_o bracton_n speak_v briton_n where_o after_o that_o he_o have_v show_v that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o viceroy_n of_o god_n and_o that_o he_o have_v distribute_v his_o charge_n into_o sundry_a portion_n because_o he_o alone_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o hear_v all_o complaint_n of_o his_o people_n than_o he_o add_v these_o word_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n nous_fw-fr volon_n que_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr jurisdiction_n soit_fw-fr sur_fw-fr tout_fw-fr jurisdiction_n etc._n etc._n we_o will_v that_o our_o jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o realm_n so_o as_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n trespass_n contract_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n personal_a or_o real_a we_o have_v power_n to_o yield_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v yield_v such_o judgement_n as_o do_v appertain_v without_o other_o process_n wheresoever_o we_o know_v the_o right_a truth_n as_o judge_n neither_o be_v this_o to_o be_v take_v say_v mr._n lambard_n to_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o there_o be_v only_o a_o imaginary_a presence_n of_o his_o person_n but_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o jurisdiction_n remain_v and_o leave_v in_o the_o king_n be_v royal_a body_n and_o breast_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o his_o bench_n and_o other_o ordinary_a court_n because_o he_o do_v immediate_o after_o several_o set_v forth_o by_o themselves_o as_o well_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o of_o the_o other_o court_n and_o that_o this_o be_v no_o new-made_a law_n mr._n lamâ—…d_n put_v we_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o saxon_a law_n of_o king_n edgar_n nemo_n in_o light_fw-la regem_fw-la appellato_fw-la etc._n etc._n let_v no_o man_n iâ—…_n suit_n appeal_n unto_o the_o king_n unless_o he_o can_v get_v right_o aâ—…_n home_o but_o if_o that_o right_o be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o than_o lâ—…_n he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v it_o ease_v by_o which_o iâ—…_n may_v evident_o appear_v that_o even_o so_o many_o year_n agâ—…_n there_o may_v be_v appellation_n make_v to_o the_o king_n persae_n whensoever_o the_o cause_n shall_v enforce_v it_o the_o very_a like_o law_n in_o effect_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n the_o dane_n sometime_o king_n of_o thâ—…_n realm_n out_o of_o which_o law_n master_n lambard_n gatheâ—…_n that_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v a_o high_a court_n of_o justia_n wherein_o it_o seem_v he_o sit_v in_o person_n for_o the_o word_n bâ—…_n let_v he_o not_o seek_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o same_o court_n â—…_n the_o king_n do_v judge_v not_o only_o according_a to_o meeâ—…_n right_o and_o law_n but_o also_o after_o equity_n and_o gooâ—…_n conscience_n for_o the_o close_a i_o shall_v end_v with_o the_o suffrage_n â—…_n our_o late_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n he_o say_v omnis_fw-la regni_fw-la justitia_fw-la solius_fw-la regis_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n all_o justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v only_o the_o king_n be_v and_o hâ—…_n alone_o if_o he_o be_v able_a shall_v administer_v it_o but_o thâ—…_n be_v impossible_a he_o be_v force_v to_o delegate_v it_o to_o minister_n who_o he_o bound_v by_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o law_n the_o positive_a law_n be_v only_o about_o general_n in_o particular_a case_n they_o be_v sometime_o too_o strict_a sometime_o too_o remisâ—…_n and_o so_o oft_o wrong_v instead_o of_o right_o will_v be_v do_v if_o wâ—…_n stand_v to_o strict_a law_n also_o cause_n hard_a and_o difficult_a dâ—…ly_n arise_v which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o no_o law-book_n â—…_n those_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o run_v back_o to_o the_o king_n tâ—…_n fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o vicegerent_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o jew_n take_v such_o cause_n to_o his_o own_o cognisance_n and_o leave_v to_o king_n not_o only_o the_o example_n of_o such_o jurisdiction_n but_o the_o prerogative_n also_o of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n what_o need_v all_o this_o ado_n will_v some_o say_v to_o
privilege_n each_o of_o they_o insomuch_o that_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o unite_a canton_n be_v but_o confederacy_n and_o leaguer_n and_o not_o two_o entire_a commonweal_n associate_n only_o for_o mutual_a defence_n nay_o the_o canton_n of_o switzerland_n be_v not_o only_o several_a republic_n but_o repute_v to_o have_v different_a form_n of_o commonweal_n some_o be_v say_v to_o be_v aristocratical_o govern_v and_o other_o democratical_o as_o the_o mountaineer_n and_o some_o of_o the_o canton_n be_v papist_n and_o some_o protestant_n and_o some_o mix_v of_o both_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o any_o large_a or_o great_a dominion_n or_o kingdom_n unite_v in_o one_o government_n and_o under_o the_o same_o law_n be_v ever_o reduce_v at_o once_o to_o any_o kind_n of_o popular_a government_n and_o not_o confine_v to_o the_o subjection_n of_o one_o city_n this_o be_v a_o thing_n not_o yet_o do_v require_v the_o able_a man_n to_o settle_v such_o a_o peaceable_a government_n as_o be_v to_o be_v desire_v there_o be_v no_o precedent_n in_o the_o case_n all_o that_o can_v be_v do_v in_o it_o be_v at_o first_o to_o inquire_v into_o such_o other_o government_n as_o have_v be_v existent_a in_o the_o world_n as_o a_o preface_n to_o such_o a_o enquiry_n the_o sacred_a scripture_n if_o it_o be_v but_o for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o it_o will_v be_v consult_v and_o than_o aristotle_n the_o grand_a master_n of_o politic_n and_o after_o he_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a historian_n that_o live_v in_o popular_a time_n will_v be_v diligent_o examine_v to_o excite_v other_o of_o great_a ability_n to_o a_o exacter_n disquisition_n i_o presume_v to_o offer_v a_o taste_n of_o some_o doctrine_n of_o aristotle_n which_o be_v usher_v in_o with_o a_o brief_a touch_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o any_o sure_a direction_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o government_n can_v be_v find_v either_o in_o plato_n aristotle_n cicero_n polybius_n or_o in_o any_o other_o of_o the_o heathen_a author_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n we_o must_v not_o neglect_v the_o scripture_n and_o search_v in_o philosopher_n for_o the_o ground_n of_o dominion_n and_o property_n which_o be_v the_o main_a principle_n of_o government_n and_o justice._n the_o first_o government_n in_o the_o world_n be_v monarchical_a in_o the_o father_n of_o all_o flesh._n adam_n be_v command_v to_o multiply_v and_o people_n the_o earth_n and_o to_o subdue_v it_o and_o have_v dominion_n give_v he_o over_o all_o creature_n be_v thereby_o the_o monarch_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n none_o of_o his_o posterity_n have_v any_o right_a to_o possess_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o his_o grant_n or_o permission_n or_o by_o succession_n from_o he_o the_o earth_n say_v the_o psalmist_n have_v he_o give_v to_o the_o child_n of_o man_n which_o show_v the_o title_n come_v from_o fatherhood_n there_o never_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o independent_a multitude_n who_o at_o first_o have_v a_o natural_a right_n to_o a_o community_n this_o be_v but_o a_o fiction_n or_o fancy_n of_o too_o many_o in_o these_o day_n who_o please_v themselves_o in_o run_v after_o the_o opinion_n of_o philosopher_n and_o poet_n to_o find_v out_o such_o a_o original_a of_o government_n as_o may_v promise_v they_o some_o title_n to_o liberty_n to_o the_o great_a scandal_n of_o christianity_n and_o bring_v in_o of_o atheism_n since_o a_o natural_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n can_v be_v suppose_v without_o the_o denial_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o adam_n and_o yet_o this_o conceit_n of_o original_a freedom_n be_v the_o only_a ground_n upon_o which_o not_o only_o the_o heathen_a philosopher_n but_o also_o the_o author_n of_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o grotius_n selden_n hobbs_n ashâ—…am_n and_o other_o raise_v and_o build_v their_o doctrine_n of_o government_n and_o of_o the_o severâ—…_n sort_n or_o kind_n as_o they_o call_v they_o of_o commonwealth_n adam_n be_v the_o father_n king_n and_o lord_n over_o his_o family_n a_o son_n a_o subject_a and_o a_o servant_n or_o a_o slave_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n at_o first_o the_o father_n have_v power_n to_o dispose_v â—…_n sell_v his_o child_n or_o servant_n whence_o we_o find_v that_o at_o the_o first_o reckon_v up_o of_o good_n iâ—…_n scripture_n the_o manservant_n and_o the_o maidservant_n be_v number_v among_o the_o possession_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o owner_n as_o other_o good_n worâ—…_n as_o for_o the_o name_n of_o subject_a slave_n and_o tyrant_n they_o be_v not_o find_v in_o scripture_n but_o what_o we_o now_o call_v a_o subject_a or_o a_o slave_n be_v then_o name_v no_o other_o than_o a_o servant_n i_o can_v learn_v that_o either_o the_o hebrew_n greek_a or_o latin_a have_v any_o proper_a and_o original_a word_n for_o a_o tyrant_n or_o a_o slave_n it_o seem_v these_o be_v name_n of_o late_a invention_n and_o take_v up_o in_o disgrace_n of_o monarchical_a government_n i_o can_v find_v any_o one_o place_n or_o text_n in_o the_o bible_n where_o any_o power_n or_o commission_n be_v give_v to_o a_o people_n either_o to_o govern_v themselves_o oâ—…_n to_o choose_v themselves_o governor_n or_o to_o alter_v the_o manner_n of_o government_n at_o their_o pleasure_n the_o power_n of_o government_n be_v settle_v and_o fix_v by_o the_o commandment_n of_o honour_n thy_o father_n if_o there_o be_v a_o high_a power_n than_o the_o fatherly_a than_o this_o commandment_n can_v not_o stand_v and_o be_v observe_v whereas_o we_o read_v in_o scripture_n of_o some_o action_n of_o the_o people_n in_o set_v up_o of_o king_n further_o than_o to_o a_o naked_a declaration_n by_o a_o part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o their_o obedience_n such_o action_n can_v not_o amount_v since_o we_o find_v no_o commission_n they_o have_v to_o bestow_v any_o right_n a_o true_a representation_n of_o the_o people_n to_o be_v make_v be_v as_o impossible_a as_o for_o the_o whole_a people_n to_o govern_v the_o name_n of_o a_o aristocracy_n a_o democracy_n a_o commonweal_n a_o state_n or_o any_o other_o of_o like_a signification_n be_v not_o to_o be_v meet_v either_o in_o the_o law_n or_o gospel_n that_o there_o be_v a_o ground_n in_o nature_n for_o monarchy_n aristotle_n himself_o affirm_v say_v the_o first_o king_n be_v father_n of_o family_n as_o for_o any_o ground_n of_o any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n there_o have_v be_v none_o yet_o allege_v but_o a_o suppose_a natural_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n the_o proof_n whereof_o i_o find_v none_o do_v undertake_v but_o only_o beg_v it_o to_o be_v grant_v we_o find_v the_o government_n of_o god_n own_o people_n vary_v under_o the_o several_a title_n of_o patriarch_n captain_n judge_n and_o king_n but_o in_o all_o these_o the_o supreme_a power_n rest_v still_o in_o one_o person_n only_o we_o no_o where_o find_v any_o supreme_a power_n give_v to_o the_o people_n or_o to_o a_o multitude_n in_o scripture_n or_o ever_o exercise_v by_o they_o the_o people_n be_v never_o the_o lord_n â—…nointed_v nor_o call_v god_n nor_o crown_v nor_o â—…d_v the_o title_n of_o nursing-fathers_n gen._n 35._o 11._o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v a_o indivisible_a beam_n of_o majesty_n can_v be_v divide_v among_o or_o settle_v upon_o a_o multitude_n god_n will_v have_v it_o fix_v in_o one_o person_n not_o sometime_o in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o people_n and_o sometime_o in_o another_o and_o sometime_o and_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n no_o where_o as_o when_o the_o assembly_n be_v dissolve_v it_o must_v rest_v in_o the_o air_n or_o in_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chamber_n when_o they_o be_v assemble_v if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n like_o a_o popular_a government_n among_o god_n people_n it_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o judge_n when_o there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o israel_n for_o they_o have_v then_o some_o small_a show_n of_o government_n such_o as_o it_o be_v but_o it_o be_v so_o poor_a and_o beggarly_a that_o the_o scripture_n brand_v it_o with_o this_o note_n that_o every_o man_n do_v what_o be_v right_a in_o his_o own_o eye_n because_o there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o israel_n it_o be_v not_o say_v because_o there_o be_v no_o government_n but_o because_o there_o be_v no_o king_n it_o seem_v no_o government_n but_o the_o government_n of_o a_o king_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o scripture_n can_v restrain_v man_n from_o do_v what_o they_o list_v where_o every_o man_n do_v what_o he_o please_v it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v there_o be_v no_o government_n for_o the_o end_n of_o government_n be_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v not_o do_v what_o he_o please_v or_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n in_o his_o own_o case_n for_o the_o scripture_n to_o say_v theâ—…_n be_v no_o king_n be_v to_o say_v there_o be_v no_o form_n o
many_o several_a form_n of_o corrupt_a government_n yet_o he_o insist_o upon_o no_o one_o form_n of_o all_o those_o that_o he_o can_v define_v or_o describe_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o say_v that_o any_o one_o city_n in_o all_o greece_n be_v govern_v just_o according_a to_o such_o a_o form_n his_o diligence_n be_v only_o to_o make_v as_o many_o form_n as_o the_o giddy_a or_o inconstant_a humour_n of_o a_o city_n can_v happen_v upon_o he_o free_o give_v the_o people_n liberty_n to_o invent_v as_o many_o kind_n of_o government_n as_o they_o please_v provide_v he_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o find_v fault_n with_o every_o one_o of_o they_o it_o prove_v a_o easy_a work_n for_o he_o to_o find_v fault_n with_o every_o form_n then_o to_o tell_v how_o to_o amend_v any_o one_o of_o they_o he_o find_v so_o many_o imperfection_n in_o all_o sort_n of_o commonweal_n that_o he_o can_v not_o hold_v from_o reprove_v they_o before_o ever_o he_o tell_v we_o what_o a_o commonweal_n be_v or_o how_o many_o sort_n there_o be_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n he_o spend_v his_o whole_a second_o book_n in_o set_v out_o and_o correct_v the_o chief_a commonweal_n of_o greece_n and_o among_o other_o the_o lacedaemonian_a the_o cretan_a and_o carthaginian_a commonweal_n which_o three_z he_o esteem_v to_o be_v much_o alike_o and_o better_a than_o any_o other_o yet_o he_o spare_v not_o to_o lay_v open_a their_o imperfection_n and_o do_v the_o like_a to_o the_o athenian_a wherein_o he_o break_v the_o rule_n of_o method_n by_o deliver_v the_o fault_n of_o commonweal_n before_o he_o teach_v we_o what_o a_o commonweal_n be_v for_o in_o his_o first_o book_n he_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o part_n of_o which_o a_o city_n or_o a_o commonweal_n be_v make_v but_o tell_v â—…s_v not_o what_o a_o city_n or_o commonweal_n be_v until_o he_o â—…ome_v to_o his_o three_o book_n and_o there_o in_o handle_v the_o sort_n of_o government_n he_o observe_v no_o method_n at_o all_o but_o in_o a_o disorderly_a way_n fly_v backward_o and_o forward_o from_o one_o sort_n to_o another_o and_o howsoever_o there_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o he_o many_o rule_n of_o policy_n touch_v government_n in_o general_n yet_o without_o doubt_n where_o he_o come_v to_o discourse_v of_o particular_a form_n he_o be_v full_a of_o contradiction_n or_o confusion_n or_o both_o it_o be_v true_a he_o be_v brief_a and_o difficult_a the_o best_a right_n a_o man_n caâ—…_n do_v he_o be_v to_o confess_v he_o understand_v he_o not_o yeâ—…_n a_o diligent_a reader_n may_v ready_o discern_v so_o many_o irregularity_n and_o breach_n in_o aristotle_n book_n of_o politic_n as_o tend_v to_o such_o distraction_n or_o confusion_n thâ—…_n none_o of_o our_o new_a politician_n can_v make_v advantage_n of_o his_o principle_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o original_a power_n by_o nature_n in_o the_o people_n which_o be_v the_o only_a theme_n now_o in_o fashion_n for_o aristotle_n discourse_n be_v of_o such_o commonweal_n as_o be_v found_v by_o particular_a person_n as_o the_o chaleedonian_a by_o phaleas_n the_o milesian_n by_o hippodamas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a by_o lyeuâ—…gus_n the_o cretan_a by_o minos_n the_o athenian_a by_o solon_n and_o the_o like_a but_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o the_o people_n to_o find_v or_o elect_v their_o kind_a of_o government_n be_v not_o once_o dispute_v by_o he_o it_o seem_v the_o underive_v majesty_n of_o the_o people_n be_v such_o a_o metaphysical_a piece_n oâ—…_n speculation_n as_o our_o grand_a philosopher_n be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o he_o speak_v very_o contemptuous_o 〈◊〉_d the_o multitude_n in_o several_a place_n he_o affirm_v that_o the_o people_n be_v base_a or_o wicked_a judge_n in_o their_o own_o case_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 9_o that_o many_o of_o they_o differ_v nothing_o from_o beast_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o again_o 〈◊〉_d 11._o say_v the_o common_a people_n or_o freemen_n 〈◊〉_d such_o as_o be_v neither_o rich_a nor_o in_o reputation_n for_o vertuâ—…_n and_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a to_o commit_v to_o they_o great_a governmentâ—…_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o injustice_n and_o unskilfulness_n they_o will_v do_v much_o injustice_n and_o commit_v many_o error_n and_o it_o be_v pleasant_a to_o the_o multitude_n to_o live_v disorderly_o than_o sober_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o aristotle_n have_v believe_v a_o public_a interest_n to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o people_n to_o the_o enable_v they_o to_o be_v their_o own_o carver_n in_o point_n of_o government_n he_o will_v never_o have_v entangle_v himself_o with_o such_o intricate_a and_o ambiguous_a form_n of_o commonweal_n as_o himself_o can_v tell_v how_o to_o explain_v nor_o any_o of_o his_o commentator_n how_o to_o understand_v or_o make_v use_v of_o this_o one_o benefit_n i_o have_v find_v by_o read_v aristotle_n that_o his_o book_n of_o politic_n serve_v for_o a_o admirable_a commentary_n upon_o that_o text_n of_o scripture_n which_o say_v in_o those_o day_n there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o israel_n every_o man_n do_v that_o which_o be_v right_a in_o his_o own_o eye_n for_o he_o grant_v a_o liberty_n in_o every_o city_n for_o any_o man_n or_o multitude_n of_o man_n either_o by_o cunning_a or_o force_v to_o set_v up_o what_o government_n they_o please_v and_o he_o will_v allow_v some_o name_n or_o other_o of_o a_o commonweal_n which_o in_o effect_n be_v to_o allow_v every_o man_n to_o do_v what_o he_o list_v if_o he_o be_v able_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o the_o confession_n of_o aristotle_n the_o first_o commonweal_n in_o greece_n after_o king_n be_v give_v over_o be_v make_v of_o those_o that_o wage_v war_n those_o several_a kind_n of_o commonweal_n be_v all_o sum_v up_o into_o the_o government_n of_o a_o army_n for_o a_o it_o be_v say_v 9_o aristotle_n in_o their_o power_n who_o manage_v arm_n to_o continue_v or_o not_o continue_v the_o form_n of_o government_n whereby_o the_o estate_n be_v govern_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o stratocratie_n or_o military_a government_n we_o can_v much_o blame_v aristotle_n for_o the_o incertainty_n and_o contrariety_n in_o he_o about_o the_o sort_n of_o government_n if_o we_o consider_v he_o as_o a_o heathen_a for_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n to_o search_v out_o the_o first_o ground_n or_o principle_n of_o government_n which_o necessary_o depend_v upon_o the_o original_n of_o property_n except_o he_o know_v that_o at_o the_o creation_n one_o man_n alone_o be_v make_v to_o who_o the_o dominion_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v give_v and_o from_o who_o all_o man_n derive_v their_o title_n this_o point_n can_v be_v learn_v only_o from_o the_o scripture_n as_o for_o the_o imaginary_a contract_n of_o people_n it_o be_v a_o fancy_n not_o improbable_a only_o but_o impossible_a except_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n at_o first_o have_v spring_v out_o 8._o and_o be_v engender_v of_o the_o earth_n which_o aristotle_n know_v not_o whether_o he_o may_v believe_v or_o no_o if_o justice_n which_o be_v to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o due_a be_v the_o end_n of_o government_n there_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o rule_n to_o know_v how_o any_o man_n at_o first_o come_v to_o have_v a_o right_n to_o any_o thing_n to_o have_v it_o true_o call_v his_o this_o be_v a_o point_n aristotle_n dispute_v not_o nor_o so_o much_o as_o ever_o dream_v of_o a_o original_a contract_n among_o people_n he_o look_v no_o far_o in_o every_o city_n than_o to_o a_o scamble_a among_o the_o citizen_n whereby_o every_o one_o snatch_v what_o he_o can_v get_v so_o that_o a_o violent_a possession_n be_v the_o first_o and_o best_a title_n that_o he_o know_v the_o main_a distinction_n of_o aristotle_n touch_v perfect_a or_o right_a form_n of_o government_n from_o those_o that_o be_v imperfect_a or_o corrupt_a consist_v sole_o in_o this_o point_n that_o where_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o govern_v be_v respect_v there_o be_v a_o right_a government_n but_o where_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o governor_n be_v regard_v there_o be_v a_o corruption_n or_o transgression_n of_o government_n by_o this_o it_o be_v suppose_v by_o aristotle_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o government_n only_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o governor_n this_o supposition_n to_o be_v false_a may_v be_v prove_v from_o aristotle_n himself_o i_o will_v instance_n about_o the_o point_n of_o tyranny_n tyranny_n say_v aristotle_n 7._o be_v a_o despotical_a or_o masterly_a monarchy_n now_o he_o confess_v that_o 10._o in_o truth_n the_o masterly_a government_n be_v profitable_a both_o to_o the_o servant_n by_o nature_n and_o the_o master_n by_o nature_n and_o he_o yield_v a_o solid_a reason_n for_o it_o say_v 6._o it_o be_v not_o possible_a if_o the_o servant_n be_v destroy_v that_o the_o mastership_n
can_v be_v save_v whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o if_o the_o masterly_a government_n of_o tyrant_n can_v be_v safe_a without_o the_o preservation_n of_o they_o who_o they_o govern_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o a_o tyrant_n can_v govern_v for_o his_o own_o profit_n only_o and_o thus_o his_o main_a definition_n of_o tyranny_n fail_v as_o be_v ground_v upon_o a_o impossible_a supposition_n by_o his_o own_o confession_n no_o example_n can_v be_v show_v of_o any_o such_o government_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o the_o world_n as_o aristotle_n describe_v a_o tyranny_n to_o be_v for_o under_o the_o worst_a of_o king_n though_o many_o particular_a man_n have_v unjust_o suffer_v yet_o the_o multitude_n or_o the_o people_n in_o general_n have_v find_v benefit_n and_o profit_n by_o the_o government_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o different_a kind_n of_o government_n in_o aristotle_n arise_v only_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o number_n of_o governor_n whether_o one_o a_o few_o or_o many_o there_o may_v be_v as_o many_o several_a form_n of_o government_n as_o there_o be_v several_a number_n which_o be_v infinite_a so_o that_o not_o only_o the_o several_a part_n of_o a_o city_n or_o commonweal_n but_o also_o the_o several_a number_n of_o such_o part_n may_v cause_v multiplicity_n of_o form_n of_o government_n by_o aristotle_n principle_n it_o be_v further_a observable_a in_o assembly_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o whole_a assembly_n but_o the_o major_a part_n only_o of_o the_o assembly_n that_o have_v the_o government_n for_o that_o which_o please_v the_o most_o be_v always_o ratify_v say_v aristotle_n lib._n 4._o c._n 4._o by_o this_o mean_n one_o and_o the_o same_o assembly_n may_v make_v at_o one_o sit_v several_a form_n of_o commonweal_n for_o in_o several_a debate_n and_o vote_n the_o same_o number_n of_o man_n or_o all_o the_o selfsame_a man_n do_v not_o ordinary_o agree_v in_o their_o vote_n and_o the_o least_o disagreement_n either_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o man_n or_o in_o their_o number_n alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n thus_o in_o a_o commonweal_n one_o part_n of_o the_o public_a affair_n shall_v be_v order_v by_o one_o form_n of_o government_n and_o another_o part_n by_o another_o form_n and_o a_o three_o part_n by_o a_o three_o form_n and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la how_o can_v that_o have_v the_o denomination_n of_o a_o form_n of_o government_n which_o last_v but_o for_o a_o moment_n only_o about_o one_o fraction_n of_o business_n for_o in_o the_o very_a instant_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o twinkle_v of_o a_o eye_n while_o their_o vote_n last_v the_o government_n must_v begin_v and_o end_v to_o be_v govern_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o be_v obedient_a and_o subject_a to_o the_o will_n or_o command_n of_o another_o it_o be_v the_o will_n in_o a_o man_n that_o govern_v ordinary_o man_n will_n be_v divide_v according_a to_o their_o several_a end_n or_o interest_n which_o most_o time_n be_v different_a and_o many_o time_n contrary_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o and_o in_o such_o case_n where_o the_o will_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o assembly_n do_v unite_v and_o agree_v in_o one_o will_n there_o be_v a_o monarchy_n of_o many_o will_n in_o one_o though_o it_o be_v call_v a_o aristocracy_n or_o democracy_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o several_a person_n it_o be_v not_o the_o many_o body_n but_o the_o one_o will_v or_o soul_n of_o the_o multitude_n that_o govern_v 〈◊〉_d where_o one_o be_v set_v up_o out_o of_o many_o the_o people_n become_v a_o monarch_n because_o many_o be_v lord_n not_o separately_z but_o altogether_o as_o one_o therefore_o such_o a_o people_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o monarch_n seek_v to_o bear_v rule_n alone_o l._n 4._o c._n 4._o it_o be_v a_o false_a and_o improper_a speech_n to_o say_v that_o a_o whole_a multitude_n senate_n council_n or_o any_o multitude_n whatsoever_o do_v govern_v where_o the_o major_a part_n only_o rule_v because_o many_o of_o the_o multitude_n that_o be_v so_o assemble_v be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v any_o part_n in_o the_o government_n that_o they_o themselves_o be_v govern_v against_o and_o contrary_n to_o their_o will_n there_o be_v in_o all_o government_n various_a and_o different_a debate_n and_o consultation_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v ofttimes_o that_o the_o major_a part_n in_o every_o assembly_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o several_a humour_n or_o fancy_n of_o man_n those_o who_o agree_v in_o one_o mind_n in_o one_o point_n be_v of_o different_a opinion_n in_o another_o every_o change_n of_o business_n or_o new_a matter_n beget_v a_o new_a major_a part_n and_o be_v a_o change_n both_o of_o the_o government_n and_o governor_n the_o difference_n in_o the_o number_n or_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n that_o govern_v be_v the_o only_a thing_n that_o cause_v different_a government_n according_a to_o aristotle_n who_o divide_v his_o kind_n of_o government_n to_o the_o number_n of_o one_o a_o few_o or_o many_o as_o among_o the_o roman_n their_o tribunitial_a law_n have_v several_a title_n according_a to_o the_o name_n of_o those_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n that_o prefer_v and_o make_v they_o so_o in_o other_o government_n the_o body_n of_o their_o act_n and_o ordinance_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o multitude_n of_o momentary_a monarch_n who_o by_o the_o strength_n and_o power_n of_o their_o party_n or_o faction_n be_v still_o under_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n fight_v and_o scratch_v for_o the_o legislative_a miscellany_n or_o medley_n of_o several_a government_n if_o we_o consider_v each_o government_n according_a to_o the_o noble_a part_n of_o which_o it_o be_v compose_v it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o monarchy_n of_o monothelite_n or_o of_o many_o man_n of_o one_o will_n most_o common_o in_o one_o point_n only_o but_o if_o we_o regard_v only_o the_o base_a part_n or_o body_n of_o such_o person_n as_o govern_v there_o be_v a_o interrupt_a succession_n of_o a_o multitude_n of_o short-lived_a government_n with_o as_o many_o intervall_n of_o anarchy_n so_o that_o no_o man_n can_v say_v at_o any_o time_n that_o he_o be_v under_o any_o form_n of_o government_n for_o in_o a_o short_a time_n than_o the_o word_n can_v be_v speak_v every_o government_n be_v begin_v and_o end_v furthermore_o in_o all_o assembly_n of_o what_o quality_n soever_o they_o be_v whether_o aristocratical_a or_o democratical_a as_o they_o call_v they_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o this_o one_o point_n to_o give_v that_o honourable_a regard_n to_o monarchy_n that_o they_o do_v interpret_v the_o major_a or_o prevail_a part_n in_o every_o assembly_n to_o be_v but_o as_o one_o man_n and_o so_o do_v feign_v to_o themselves_o a_o kind_n of_o monarchy_n though_o there_o be_v neither_o precept_n nor_o practice_n in_o scripture_n nor_o yet_o any_o reason_n allege_v by_o aristotle_n for_o any_o form_n of_o government_n but_o only_a monarchy_n yet_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v evident_a to_o common_a sense_n that_o of_o old_a time_n rome_n and_o in_o this_o present_a age_n venice_n and_o the_o low-countries_n enjoy_v a_o form_n of_o government_n different_a from_o monarchy_n hereunto_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o a_o people_n may_v live_v together_o in_o society_n and_o help_v one_o another_o and_o yet_o not_o be_v under_o any_o form_n of_o government_n as_o we_o see_v herd_n of_o cattle_n do_v and_o yet_o we_o may_v not_o say_v they_o live_v under_o government_n for_o government_n be_v not_o a_o society_n only_o to_o live_v but_o to_o live_v well_o and_o virtuous_o this_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o aristotle_n who_o teach_v that_o 〈◊〉_d the_o end_n of_o a_o city_n be_v to_o live_v bless_o and_o honest_o political_a community_n be_v ordain_v for_o honest_a action_n but_o not_o for_o live_v together_o only_o now_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n principal_o require_v to_o a_o bless_a and_o honest_a life_n religion_n towards_o god_n and_o peace_n towards_o man_n that_o be_v a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a life_n in_o all_o godliness_n and_o honesty_n 1_o tim._n 2._o 2._o here_o then_o will_v be_v the_o question_n whether_o godliness_n and_o peace_n can_v be_v find_v under_o any_o government_n but_o monarchy_n or_o whether_o rome_n venice_n or_o the_o low-countries_n do_v enjoy_v these_o under_o any_o popular_a government_n in_o these_o two_o point_n let_v we_o first_o brief_o examine_v the_o roman_a government_n which_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v the_o most_o glorious_a for_o religion_n we_o find_v present_o after_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n by_o romulus_n the_o next_o king_n numa_n most_o devout_o establish_v a_o religion_n and_o begin_v his_o kingdom_n with_o the_o service_n of_o the_o god_n he_o forbid_v the_o roman_n to_o make_v any_o image_n of_o god_n which_o law_n last_v and_o be_v observe_v 170_o year_n there_o be_v in_o
citizen_n of_o rome_n who_o have_v be_v conqueror_n of_o all_o nation_n round_o about_o they_o can_v not_o endure_v of_o warrior_n to_o become_v quarrier_n and_o day-labourer_n whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o tarquin_n be_v expel_v for_o the_o rape_n commit_v by_o his_o son_n on_o lucrece_n it_o be_v unjust_a to_o condemn_v the_o father_n for_o the_o crime_n of_o his_o son_n it_o have_v be_v fit_a to_o have_v petition_v the_o father_n for_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o offender_n the_o fact_n of_o young_a tarquin_n can_v be_v excuse_v yet_o without_o wrong_n to_o the_o reputation_n of_o so_o chaste_a a_o lady_n as_o lucrece_n be_v repute_v to_o be_v it_o may_v be_v say_v she_o have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o be_v think_v chaste_a than_o to_o be_v chaste_a she_o may_v have_v die_v untouched_a and_o unspotted_a in_o her_o body_n if_o she_o have_v not_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v slander_v for_o inchastity_n both_o dionysius_n halicarnasseus_n and_o livy_n who_o both_o be_v her_o friend_n so_o tell_v the_o tale_n of_o she_o as_o if_o she_o have_v choose_v rather_o to_o be_v a_o whore_n than_o to_o be_v think_v a_o whore_n to_o say_v truth_n we_o find_v no_o other_o cause_n of_o the_o expulsion_n of_o tarquin_n than_o the_o wantonness_n and_o licentiousness_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n this_o be_v further_a to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o roman_a government_n that_o all_o the_o time_n between_o their_o king_n and_o their_o emperor_n there_o last_v a_o continue_a strife_n between_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o wherein_o by_o degree_n the_o commons_o prevail_v at_o last_o so_o to_o weaken_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o senate_n that_o even_o the_o last_o spark_n of_o monarchy_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n extinguish_v and_o then_o instant_o begin_v the_o civil_a war_n which_o last_v till_o the_o regal_a power_n be_v quick_o bring_v home_o and_o settle_v in_o monarchy_n so_o long_o as_o the_o power_n of_o the_o senate_n stand_v good_a for_o the_o election_n of_o consul_n the_o regal_a power_n be_v preserve_v in_o they_o for_o the_o senate_n have_v their_o first_o institution_n from_o monarchy_n it_o be_v worth_a the_o note_n that_o in_o all_o those_o place_n that_o have_v seem_v to_o be_v most_o popular_a that_o weak_a degree_n of_o government_n that_o have_v be_v exercise_v among_o they_o have_v be_v found_v upon_o and_o be_v behold_v unto_o monarchical_a principle_n both_o for_o the_o power_n of_o assemble_v and_o manner_n of_o consult_v for_o the_o entire_a and_o gross_a body_n of_o any_o people_n be_v such_o a_o unwieldy_a and_o diffuse_a thing_n as_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o unite_n or_o congregate_a or_o deliberate_v in_o a_o entire_a lump_n but_o in_o break_a part_n which_o at_o first_o be_v regulate_v by_o monarchy_n furthermore_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o rome_n in_o her_o chief_a popularity_n be_v oft_o behold_v for_o her_o preservation_n to_o the_o monarchical_a power_n of_o the_o father_n over_o the_o child_n by_o mean_n of_o this_o fatherly_a power_n say_v bodin_n the_o roman_n flourish_v in_o all_o honour_n and_o virtue_n and_o oftentimes_o be_v their_o common-weal_n thereby_o deliver_v from_o most_o imminent_a destruction_n when_o the_o father_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o consistory_n their_o son_n be_v tribune_n publish_v law_n tend_v to_o sedition_n among_o other_o cassius_n throw_v his_o son_n headlong_o out_o of_o the_o consistory_n publish_v the_o law_n agraria_n for_o the_o division_n of_o land_n in_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o people_n and_o after_o by_o his_o own_o private_a judgement_n put_v he_o to_o death_n the_o magistrate_n sergeant_n and_o people_n stand_v thereat_o astonish_v and_o not_o dare_v to_o withstand_v his_o fatherly_a authority_n although_o they_o will_v with_o all_o their_o power_n have_v have_v that_o law_n for_o division_n of_o land_n which_o be_v sufficient_a proof_n this_o power_n of_o the_o father_n not_o only_o to_o have_v be_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a but_o also_o to_o have_v be_v lawful_a for_o he_o either_o by_o right_n or_o wrong_n to_o dispose_v of_o the_o life_n and_o death_n of_o his_o child_n even_o contrary_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o people_n it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o government_n of_o rome_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n be_v popular_a bodin_n endeavour_v to_o prove_v it_o but_o i_o be_o not_o satisfy_v with_o his_o argument_n and_o though_o it_o will_v be_v think_v a_o paradox_n yet_o i_o must_v maintain_v it_o be_v never_o true_o popular_a first_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o agree_v what_o a_o popular_a government_n be_v aristotle_n say_v it_o be_v where_o many_o or_o a_o multitude_n do_v rule_v he_o do_v not_o say_v where_o the_o people_n or_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o people_n or_o the_o representor_n of_o the_o people_n govern_v bodin_n affirm_v if_o all_o the_o people_n be_v interest_v in_o the_o government_n it_o be_v a_o popular_a estate_n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o but_o after_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n he_o resolve_v that_o it_o be_v a_o popular_a estate_n when_o all_o the_o people_n or_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o he_o put_v the_o case_n that_o if_o there_o be_v threescore_o thousand_o citizen_n and_o forty_o thousand_o of_o they_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o be_v exclude_v it_o shall_v be_v call_v a_o popular_a estate_n but_o i_o must_v tell_v he_o though_o fifty_o nine_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o ninety_o nine_o of_o they_o govern_v yet_o it_o be_v no_o popular_a estate_n for_o if_o but_o one_o man_n be_v exclude_v the_o same_o reason_n that_o exclude_v that_o one_o man_n may_v exclude_v many_o hundred_o and_o many_o thousand_o yea_o and_o the_o major_a part_n itself_o if_o it_o be_v admit_v that_o the_o people_n be_v or_o ever_o be_v free_a by_o nature_n and_o not_o to_o be_v govern_v but_o by_o their_o own_o consent_n it_o be_v most_o unjust_a to_o exclude_v any_o one_o man_n from_o his_o right_n in_o government_n and_o to_o suppose_v the_o people_n so_o unnatural_a as_o at_o the_o first_o to_o have_v all_o consent_v to_o give_v away_o their_o right_n to_o a_o major_a part_n as_o if_o they_o have_v liberty_n give_v they_o only_o to_o give_v away_o and_o not_o to_o use_v it_o themselves_o be_v not_o only_o improbable_a but_o impossible_a for_o the_o whole_a people_n be_v a_o thing_n so_o uncertain_a and_o changeable_a that_o it_o alter_v every_o moment_n so_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o ask_v of_o every_o infant_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v bear_v its_o consent_n to_o government_n if_o you_o will_v ever_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n moreover_o if_o the_o arbitrary_a trial_n by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n be_v a_o thing_n of_o that_o admirable_a perfection_n and_o justice_n as_o be_v common_o believe_v wherein_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o every_o single_a person_n be_v preserve_v so_o that_o the_o dissent_n of_o any_o of_o the_o twelve_o frustrate_v the_o whole_a judgement_n how_o much_o more_o ought_v the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o each_o man_n be_v preserve_v by_o allow_v he_o his_o negative_a voice_n which_o be_v but_o a_o continue_v he_o in_o that_o estate_n wherein_o it_o be_v confess_v nature_n at_o first_o place_v he_o justice_n require_v that_o no_o one_o law_n shall_v bind_v all_o except_o all_o consent_n to_o it_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o violent_a and_o contrary_a to_o nature_n than_o to_o allow_v a_o major_a part_n or_o any_o other_o great_a part_n less_o than_o the_o whole_a to_o bind_v all_o the_o people_n the_o next_o difficulty_n to_o discover_v what_o a_o popular_a estate_n be_v be_v to_o find_v out_o where_o the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o roman_a government_n rest_v it_o be_v bodin_n opinion_n that_o in_o the_o roman_a state_n the_o government_n be_v in_o the_o magistrate_n the_o authority_n and_o counsel_n in_o the_o senate_n but_o the_o sovereign_a power_n and_o majesty_n in_o the_o people_n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o so_o in_o his_o first_o book_n his_o doctrine_n be_v that_o the_o ancient_a roman_n say_v imperium_fw-la in_o magistratibus_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la in_o senatu_fw-la potestatem_fw-la in_o plebe_fw-la majestatem_fw-la in_o populi_n jure_fw-la esse_fw-la dicebant_fw-la these_o four_o word_n command_v authority_n power_n and_o majesty_n signify_v ordinary_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o wit_n the_o sovereignty_n or_o supreme_a power_n i_o can_v find_v that_o bodin_n know_v how_o to_o distinguish_v they_o for_o they_o be_v not_o distinct_a faculty_n place_v in_o several_a subject_n but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n diverse_o qualify_v for_o imperium_fw-la authoritas_fw-la potestas_fw-la and_o majestas_fw-la be_v all_o original_o in_o the_o consul_n although_o for_o the_o great_a show_n the_o consul_n will_v have_v the_o opinion_n and_o consent_v of_o
century_n this_o assembly_n by_o century_n as_o it_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o that_o by_o tribe_n so_o it_o be_v more_o true_o popular_a because_o all_o the_o nobility_n as_o well_o as_o the_o commons_o have_v voice_n in_o it_o the_o assembly_n by_o tribe_n be_v pretend_v at_o first_o only_o to_o elect_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o other_o inferior_a magistrate_n to_o determine_v of_o lesser_a crime_n that_o be_v not_o capital_a but_o only_o finable_a and_o to_o decree_v that_o peace_n shall_v be_v make_v but_o they_o do_v not_o meddle_v with_o denounce_v war_n to_o be_v make_v for_o that_o high_a point_n do_v belong_v only_o to_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n and_o so_o also_o do_v the_o judge_n of_o treason_n and_o other_o capital_a crime_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n and_o of_o the_o century_n be_v very_o material_a for_o though_o it_o be_v common_o think_v that_o either_o of_o these_o two_o assembly_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v the_o people_n yet_o in_o reality_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n only_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o people_n because_o all_o the_o nobility_n be_v include_v in_o it_o as_o well_o as_o the_o commons_o whereas_o they_o be_v exclude_v out_o of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n and_o yet_o in_o effect_n the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n be_v but_o as_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o noble_n only_o because_o the_o lesser_a and_o rich_a part_n of_o the_o people_n have_v the_o sovereignty_n as_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n be_v but_o the_o commons_o only_o in_o maintenance_n of_o the_o popular_a government_n of_o rome_n bodin_n object_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o regal_a power_n in_o the_o two_o consul_n who_o can_v neither_o make_v law_n nor_o peace_n nor_o war._n the_o answer_n be_v though_o there_o be_v two_o consul_n yet_o but_o one_o of_o they_o have_v the_o regality_n for_o they_o govern_v by_o turn_v one_o consul_n one_o month_n and_o the_o other_o consul_n another_o month_n or_o the_o first_o one_o day_n and_o the_o second_o another_o day_n that_o the_o consul_n can_v make_v no_o law_n be_v false_a it_o be_v plain_a by_o livy_n that_o they_o have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v law_n or_o war_n and_o do_v execute_v that_o power_n though_o they_o be_v often_o hinder_v by_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n not_o for_o that_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n or_o war_n be_v ever_o take_v away_o from_o the_o consul_n or_o communicate_v to_o the_o tribune_n but_o only_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o consular_a power_n be_v suspend_v by_o a_o seem_a humble_a way_n of_o intercession_n of_o the_o tribune_n the_o consul_n by_o their_o first_o institution_n have_v a_o lawful_a right_o to_o do_v those_o thing_n which_o yet_o they_o will_v not_o do_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o reign_n but_o choose_v rather_o to_o countenance_v their_o action_n with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n who_o be_v their_o private_a council_n yea_o and_o sometime_o with_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n who_o be_v their_o public_a counsel_n for_o both_o the_o assemble_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o of_o the_o century_n be_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v propound_v in_o either_o of_o they_o but_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o consul_n which_o argue_v a_o sovereignty_n in_o they_o over_o the_o senate_n and_o century_n the_o senate_n of_o rome_n be_v like_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n resemble_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o but_o the_o assemble_v of_o the_o century_n be_v a_o body_n compose_v of_o lord_n and_o commons_o unite_v to_o vote_n together_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n bear_v all_o the_o sway_n among_o the_o tribe_n they_o call_v they_o together_o when_o they_o please_v without_o any_o order_n whereas_o the_o century_n be_v never_o assemble_v without_o ceremony_n and_o religious_a observation_n of_o the_o bird_n by_o the_o augur_n and_o by_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o therefore_o be_v say_v to_o be_v auspicata_fw-la and_o ex_fw-la authoritate_fw-la patrum_fw-la these_o thing_n consider_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n be_v the_o only_a legitimate_a and_o great_a meeting_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n as_o for_o any_o assemble_v or_o elect_v of_o any_o trustee_n or_o representor_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n in_o nature_n of_o the_o modern_a parliament_n it_o be_v not_o in_o use_n or_o ever_o know_v in_o rome_n above_o two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n a_o sullen_a humour_n take_v the_o commons_o of_o rome_n that_o they_o will_v needs_o depart_v the_o city_n to_o janiculum_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o tybur_n they_o will_v not_o be_v bring_v back_o into_o the_o city_n until_o a_o law_n be_v make_v that_o a_o plebiscitum_fw-la or_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o commons_o may_v be_v observe_v for_o a_o law_n this_o law_n be_v make_v by_o the_o dictator_n hortensius_n to_o quiet_a the_o sedition_n by_o give_v a_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n to_o the_o commons_o in_o such_o inferior_a matter_n only_o as_o by_o toleration_n and_o usurpation_n have_v be_v practise_v by_o the_o commons_o i_o find_v not_o that_o they_o desire_v a_o enlargement_n of_o the_o point_n which_o be_v the_o object_n of_o their_o power_n but_o of_o the_o person_n or_o nobility_n that_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o their_o decree_n the_o great_a power_n of_o make_v war_n of_o create_v the_o great_a magistrate_n of_o judge_v in_o capital_a crime_n remain_v in_o the_o consul_n with_o the_o senate_n and_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n for_o further_a manifestation_n of_o the_o break_a and_o distract_a government_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o consider_v the_o original_a power_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o commons_o who_o be_v ordinary_o call_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n first_o it_o be_v undeniable_a that_o upon_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n kingly_a power_n be_v not_o take_v away_o but_o only_o make_v annual_a and_o changeable_a between_o two_o consul_n who_o in_o their_o turn_v and_o by_o course_n have_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o all_o regal_a power_n this_o appear_v plain_o in_o livy_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o valerius_n publicola_n be_v consul_n he_o himself_o alone_o ordain_v a_o law_n and_o then_o assemble_v a_o general_a session_n turemillus_fw-la arsa_n inveigh_v and_o complain_v against_o the_o consul_n government_n as_o be_v so_o absolute_a and_o in_o name_n only_o less_o odious_a than_o that_o of_o king_n but_o in_o fact_n more_o cruel_a for_o instead_o of_o one_o lord_n the_o city_n have_v receive_v twain_o have_v authority_n beyond_o all_o measure_n unlimited_a and_o infinite_a sextius_n and_o licinus_n complain_v that_o there_o will_v never_o be_v any_o indifferent_a course_n so_o long_o as_o the_o noble_n keep_v the_o sovereign_a place_n of_o command_n and_o the_o sword_n to_o strike_v while_o the_o poor_a commons_o have_v only_o the_o buckler_n their_o conclusion_n be_v that_o it_o remain_v that_o the_o commons_o bear_v the_o office_n of_o consul_n too_o for_o that_o be_v a_o fortress_n of_o their_o liberty_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o shall_v the_o commons_o be_v partaker_n of_o those_o thing_n wherein_o the_o noble_n now_o surpass_v they_o namely_o sovereign_a rule_n and_o authority_n the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n affirm_v regio_fw-la imperio_fw-la duo_fw-la sunto_fw-la iique_fw-la consules_a appellantor_fw-la let_v two_o have_v regal_a power_n and_o let_v they_o be_v call_v consul_n also_o the_o judgement_n of_o livy_n be_v that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v translate_v from_o consul_n to_o decemvir_n as_o before_o from_o king_n to_o consul_n these_o be_v proof_n sufficient_a to_o show_v the_o royal_a power_n of_o the_o consul_n about_o sixteen_o year_n after_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o consul_n the_o commons_o find_v themselves_o much_o run_v into_o debt_n by_o waste_v their_o estate_n in_o follow_v the_o war_n and_o so_o become_v as_o they_o think_v oppress_v by_o usury_n and_o cast_v into_o prison_n by_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o the_o consul_n they_o grievous_o complain_v of_o usury_n and_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o by_o sedition_n prevail_v and_o obtain_v leave_v to_o choose_v among_o themselves_o magistrate_n call_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o by_o their_o intercession_n may_v preserve_v the_o commons_o from_o be_v oppress_v and_o suffer_a wrong_n from_o the_o consul_n and_o it_o be_v further_o agree_v that_o the_o person_n of_o those_o tribune_n shall_v be_v sacred_a and_o not_o to_o be_v touch_v by_o any_o by_o mean_n of_o this_o immunity_n of_o
effectus_fw-la nec_fw-la jus_o idem_fw-la here_o he_o do_v teach_v in_o plain_a word_n the_o effect_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n by_o this_o we_o may_v judge_v how_o improper_o he_o use_v the_o instance_n of_o a_o woman_n that_o appoint_v herself_o a_o husband_n who_o she_o must_v always_o necessary_o obey_v since_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o wife_n obedience_n depend_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o have_v make_v the_o bond_n of_o matrimony_n indissolvable_a grotius_n will_v not_o say_v the_o like_a for_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o subject_n obedience_n to_o the_o prince_n neither_o will_v he_o say_v that_o woman_n may_v choose_v husband_n as_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o people_n may_v choose_v king_n by_o give_v their_o husband_n as_o little_a power_n and_o for_o as_o little_a a_o time_n as_o they_o please_v next_o it_o be_v object_v that_o tutor_n who_o be_v set_v over_o pupil_n may_v be_v remove_v if_o they_o abuse_v their_o power_n grotius_n answer_v in_o tutore_fw-la hoc_fw-la procedit_fw-la qui_fw-la superiorem_fw-la habet_fw-la at_o in_o imperiis_fw-la quia_fw-la progressus_fw-la non_fw-la datur_fw-la in_o infinitum_fw-la omnino_fw-la in_o aliqua_fw-la persona_fw-la aut_fw-la coetu_fw-la consistendum_fw-la est_fw-la we_o must_v stay_v in_o some_o one_o person_n or_o in_o a_o multitude_n who_o fault_n because_o they_o have_v no_o superior_a judge_n above_o they_o god_n have_v witness_v that_o he_o will_v have_v a_o particular_a care_n of_o either_o to_o revenge_v they_o if_o he_o judge_v it_o needful_a or_o to_o tolerate_v they_o either_o for_o punishment_n or_o trial_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v true_a in_o kingdom_n we_o can_v proceed_v in_o infinitum_fw-la yet_o we_o may_v and_o must_v go_v to_o the_o high_a which_o by_o grotius_n his_o rule_n be_v the_o people_n because_o they_o first_o make_v king_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o stay_v in_o aliqua_fw-la persona_fw-la but_o in_o coetu_fw-la in_o the_o people_n so_o that_o by_o his_o doctrine_n king_n may_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o people_n but_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o people_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n i_o have_v brief_o present_v here_o the_o desperate_a inconvenience_n which_o attend_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o natural_a freedom_n and_o community_n of_o all_o thing_n these_o and_o many_o more_o absurdity_n be_v easy_o remove_v if_o on_o the_o contrary_n we_o maintain_v the_o natural_a and_o private_a dominion_n of_o adam_n to_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o government_n and_o propriety_n and_o if_o we_o mark_v it_o well_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o grotius_n do_v in_o part_n grant_v as_o much_o the_o ground_n why_o those_o that_o now_o live_v do_v obey_v their_o governor_n be_v the_o will_n of_o their_o forefather_n who_o at_o the_o first_o ordain_v prince_n and_o in_o obedience_n to_o that_o will_n the_o child_n continue_v in_o subjection_n this_o be_v according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o grotius_n so_o that_o the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o king_n have_v a_o fatherly_a power_n over_o their_o subject_n but_o how_o king_n come_v first_o by_o it_o grotius_n will_v have_v it_o that_o our_o forefather_n be_v all_o free_a make_v a_o assignment_n of_o their_o power_n to_o king_n the_o other_o opinion_n deny_v any_o such_o general_a freedom_n of_o our_o forefather_n but_o derive_v the_o power_n of_o king_n from_o the_o original_a dominion_n of_o adam_n this_o natural_a dominion_n of_o adam_n may_v be_v prove_v out_o of_o grotius_n himself_o who_o teach_v that_o geneâ—…ione_n jus_o acquiritur_fw-la parentibus_fw-la in_o liberos_fw-la and_o that_o â—…urally_o no_o other_o can_v be_v find_v but_o the_o parent_n to_o who_o the_o government_n shall_v belong_v and_o the_o right_n of_o rule_v and_o compel_v they_o do_v belong_v to_o parent_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o have_v these_o word_n speak_v of_o the_o first_o commandment_n parentum_fw-la nomine_fw-la â—…i_fw-la naturales_fw-la sunt_fw-la magistratus_fw-la etiam_fw-la alios_fw-la rectores_fw-la 〈◊〉_d est_fw-la intelligi_fw-la quorum_fw-la authoritas_fw-la societatem_fw-la humaâ—…m_fw-la continet_fw-la and_o if_o parent_n be_v natural_a magistrate_n child_n must_v needs_o be_v bear_v natural_a subject_n but_o although_o grotius_n acknowledge_v parent_n to_o â—…e_o natural_a magistrate_n yet_o he_o will_v have_v it_o that_o child_n when_o they_o come_v to_o full_a age_n and_o be_v â—…parated_v from_o their_o parent_n be_v free_a from_o natural_a subjection_n for_o this_o he_o offer_v proof_n out_o of_o ariâ—…le_n and_o out_o of_o scripture_n first_o for_o aristotle_n we_o â—…ust_v note_v he_o do_v not_o teach_v that_o every_o separation_n of_o child_n of_o full_a age_n be_v a_o obtain_v of_o liberty_n â—…s_v if_o that_o man_n when_o they_o come_v to_o year_n may_v voâ—…ntarily_o separate_v themselves_o and_o cast_v off_o their_o â—…atural_a obedience_n but_o aristotle_n speak_v only_o of_o passive_a separation_n for_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o child_n be_v subject_a to_o parent_n until_o they_o do_v sepaâ—…te_n but_o he_o say_v until_o they_o be_v separate_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o â—…he_a verb_n of_o the_o passive_a voice_n that_o be_v until_o by_o â—…aw_n they_o be_v separate_v for_o the_o law_n which_o 〈◊〉_d nothing_o else_o but_o the_o will_n of_o he_o that_o have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o supreme_a father_n do_v in_o many_o case_n for_o the_o public_a benefit_n of_o society_n free_a child_n from_o subjection_n to_o the_o subordinate_a parent_n so_o that_o the_o natural_a subjection_n by_o such_o emancipation_n of_o child_n be_v not_o extinguish_v but_o only_o assume_v and_o regulate_v by_o the_o parent_n paramount_n second_o grotius_n cite_v numb_a 30._o to_o prove_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o father_n over_o the_o son_n and_o daughter_n to_o dissolve_v their_o vow_n be_v not_o perpetual_a buâ—…_n during_o the_o time_n only_o whilst_o the_o child_n be_v part_v oâ—…_n the_o father_n family_n but_o if_o we_o turn_v to_o the_o chapter_n we_o may_v find_v that_o grotius_n either_o deceive_v himself_o or_o we_o for_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n in_o that_o chapter_n concern_v the_o vow_n of_o son_n but_o of_o daughter_n only_o be_v in_o their_o father_n family_n and_o thâ—…_n be_v of_o the_o daughter_n in_o the_o father_n house_n mean_v only_o the_o daughter_n be_v be_v a_o virgin_n and_o noâ—…_n marry_v which_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o the_o argumenâ—…_n of_o the_o whole_a chapter_n which_o take_v particular_a order_n for_o the_o vow_n of_o woman_n of_o all_o estate_n firsâ—…_n for_o virgin_n in_o the_o three_o verse_n second_o foâ—…_n wife_n in_o general_a in_o the_o six_o verse_n three_o foâ—…_n widow_n and_o woman_n divorce_v in_o the_o nintâ—…_n verse_n there_o be_v no_o law_n for_o virgin_n out_o of_o theâ—…_n father_n house_n we_o may_v not_o think_v they_o woulâ—…_n have_v be_v omit_v if_o they_o have_v be_v free_a froâ—…_n their_o father_n we_o find_v no_o freedom_n in_o the_o teâ—…_n for_o woman_n till_o after_o marriage_n and_o if_o they_o weâ—…_n marry_v though_o they_o be_v in_o their_o father_n hoâ—…ses_n yet_o the_o father_n have_v no_o power_n of_o their_o vowâ—…_n but_o their_o husband_n if_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n departure_n from_o tâ—…_n father_n house_n have_v emancipate_v child_n wâ—…_n do_v the_o civil_a law_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nâ—…ture_n give_v power_n and_o remedy_n to_o father_n for_o to_o recover_v by_o action_n of_o law_n their_o child_n that_o deâ—…rt_n or_o be_v take_v away_o from_o they_o without_o their_o consent_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o parent_n the_o civil_a law_n allow_v no_o emancipation_n concern_v subjection_n of_o child_n to_o parent_n grotius_n distinguish_v three_o several_a time_n the_o first_o be_v the_o time_n of_o imperfect_a judgement_n the_o second_o be_v the_o time_n of_o perfect_a judgement_n but_o whilst_o the_o son_n remain_v part_n of_o the_o father_n faâ—…ily_n the_o three_o be_v the_o time_n after_o he_o have_v depart_v out_o of_o his_o father_n family_n in_o the_o first_o time_n he_o say_v all_o the_o action_n of_o child_n be_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o parent_n during_o the_o second_o time_n when_o they_o be_v of_o the_o â—…ge_n of_o mature_a judgement_n they_o be_v under_o their_o father_n command_n in_o those_o action_n only_o which_o be_v of_o moment_n for_o their_o parent_n family_n in_o other_o action_n the_o child_n have_v a_o power_n or_o moral_a faculty_n of_o do_v but_o they_o be_v bind_v in_o those_o also_o to_o study_v always_o to_o please_v their_o parent_n but_o since_o this_o duty_n be_v not_o by_o â—…orce_n of_o any_o moral_a faculty_n as_o those_o former_a be_v but_o â—…ely_o of_o piety_n observance_n and_o duty_n of_o repay_v thanks_o it_o do_v not_o make_v any_o thing_n void_a which_o be_v do_v against_o it_o as_o neither_o a_o gift_n of_o any_o thing_n
be_v void_a be_v make_v by_o any_o owner_n whatsoever_o against_o the_o â—…ules_n of_o parsimony_n in_o both_o these_o time_n the_o right_a of_o rule_v and_o compel_v be_v as_o grotius_n acknowledge_v comprehend_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o child_n be_v to_o be_v compel_v to_o their_o duty_n or_o amend_v although_o the_o power_n of_o a_o parent_n dâ—…th_v so_o follow_v the_o person_n of_o a_o father_n that_o it_o can_v be_v pull_v away_o and_o transfer_v upon_o another_o yet_o the_o father_n may_v natural_o pawn_v or_o also_o sell_v his_o son_n if_o there_o be_v need_n in_o the_o three_o time_n he_o say_v the_o son_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n free_a and_o of_o his_o own_o authority_n always_o that_o duâ—…_n remain_v of_o piety_n and_o observance_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v perpetual_a in_o this_o triple_a distinction_n though_o grotius_n allow_v child_n in_o some_o case_n during_o the_o second_o and_o in_o all_o case_n during_o the_o three_o time_n to_o be_v free_a and_o of_o their_o own_o power_n by_o a_o moral_a faculty_n yet_o in_o that_o he_o confess_v in_o all_o case_n child_n be_v bind_v to_o study_v always_o to_o please_v their_o parent_n out_o of_o piety_n and_o duty_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o as_o he_o say_v be_v perpetual_a i_o can_v conceive_v how_o in_o any_o case_n child_n can_v natural_o have_v any_o power_n or_o moral_a faculty_n of_o do_v what_o they_o please_v without_o their_o parent_n leave_v since_o they_o be_v always_o bind_v to_o study_v to_o please_v their_o parent_n and_o though_o by_o the_o law_n of_o some_o nation_n child_n when_o they_o attain_v to_o year_n of_o discretion_n have_v power_n and_o liberty_n in_o many_o action_n yet_o this_o liberty_n be_v grant_v they_o by_o positive_a and_o humane_a law_n only_o which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o supreme_a fatherly_a power_n of_o prince_n who_o regulate_v limit_v or_o assume_v the_o authority_n of_o inferior_a father_n for_o the_o public_a benefit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o that_o natural_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n never_o cease_v by_o any_o separation_n but_o only_o by_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o transcendent_a fatherly_a power_n of_o the_o supreme_a prince_n child_n may_v be_v dispense_v with_o or_o privilege_v in_o some_o case_n from_o obedience_n to_o subordinate_a parent_n touch_v the_o point_n of_o dissolve_v the_o vow_n of_o child_n grotius_n in_o his_o last_o edition_n of_o his_o book_n have_v correct_v his_o first_o for_o in_o the_o first_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o father_n be_v great_a over_o the_o daughter_n dwell_v with_o he_o than_o over_o the_o son_n for_o her_o vow_n he_o may_v make_v void_a but_o not_o he_o but_o instead_o of_o these_o word_n in_o his_o last_o edition_n he_o say_v that_o the_o power_n over_o the_o son_n or_o daughter_n to_o dissolve_v vow_n be_v not_o perpetual_a but_o do_v endure_v as_o long_o as_o the_o child_n be_v a_o part_n of_o their_o father_n family_n about_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o text_n out_o of_o which_o he_o draw_v this_o conclusion_n i_o have_v already_o speak_v three_o way_n grotius_n propound_v whereby_o supreme_a power_n may_v be_v have_v first_o by_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n second_o by_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o three_o by_o a_o temporary_a right_n the_o roman_a dictator_n say_v he_o have_v supreme_a power_n by_o a_o temporary_a right_n as_o well_o those_o king_n who_o be_v first_o elect_v as_o those_o that_o in_o a_o lawful_a right_n succeed_v to_o king_n elect_v have_v supreme_a power_n by_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o some_o king_n that_o have_v get_v supreme_a power_n by_o a_o just_a war_n or_o into_o who_o power_n some_o people_n for_o avoid_v a_o great_a evil_n have_v so_o yield_v themselves_o as_o that_o they_o have_v except_v nothing_o have_v a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n thus_o we_o find_v but_o two_o mean_n acknowledge_v by_o grotius_n whereby_o a_o king_n may_v obtain_v a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n in_o a_o kingdom_n that_o be_v either_o by_o a_o just_a war_n or_o by_o donation_n of_o the_o people_n how_o a_o war_n can_v be_v just_a without_o a_o precedent_a title_n in_o the_o conqueror_n grotius_n do_v not_o show_v and_o if_o the_o title_n only_o make_v the_o war_n just_a than_o no_o other_o right_n can_v be_v obtain_v by_o war_n than_o what_o the_o title_n bring_v for_o a_o just_a war_n do_v only_o put_v the_o conqueror_n in_o possession_n of_o his_o old_a right_n but_o not_o create_v a_o new_a the_o like_o which_o grotius_n say_v of_o succession_n may_v be_v say_v of_o war._n succession_n say_v he_o be_v no_o title_n of_o a_o kingdom_n which_o give_v a_o form_n to_o the_o kingdom_n but_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o old_a for_o the_o right_n which_o begin_v by_o the_o election_n of_o the_o family_n be_v continue_v by_o succession_n wherefore_o so_o much_o as_o the_o first_o election_n give_v so_o much_o the_o succession_n bring_v so_o to_o a_o conqueror_n that_o have_v a_o title_n war_n do_v not_o give_v but_o put_v he_o in_o possession_n of_o a_o right_n and_o except_o the_o conqueror_n have_v a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n at_o first_o his_o conquest_n can_v give_v it_o he_o for_o if_o original_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n have_v but_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o and_o be_v out_v of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o a_o usurper_n here_o though_o the_o re-conquest_n be_v a_o most_o just_a war_n yet_o shall_v not_o the_o conqueror_n in_o this_o case_n gain_v any_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n but_o must_v be_v remit_v to_o his_o usufructuary_n right_o only_o for_o what_o justice_n can_v it_o be_v that_o the_o injustice_n of_o a_o three_o person_n a_o usurper_n shall_v prejudice_v the_o people_n to_o the_o divest_v of_o they_o of_o that_o right_n of_o propriety_n which_o be_v reserve_v in_o their_o first_o donation_n to_o their_o elect_v king_n to_o who_o they_o give_v but_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o as_o grotius_n conceive_v wherefore_o it_o seem_v impossible_a that_o there_o can_v be_v a_o just_a war_n whereby_o a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n may_v be_v gain_v according_a to_o grotius_n principle_n for_o if_o a_o king_n come_v in_o by_o conquest_n he_o must_v either_o conquer_v they_o that_o have_v a_o governor_n or_o those_o people_n that_o have_v none_o if_o they_o have_v no_o governor_n than_o they_o be_v a_o free_a people_n and_o so_o the_o war_n will_v be_v unjust_a to_o conquer_v those_o that_o be_v free_a especial_o if_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o people_n be_v by_o the_o primary_n law_n of_o nature_n as_o grotius_n teach_v but_o if_o the_o people_n conquer_v have_v a_o governor_n that_o governor_n have_v either_o a_o title_n or_o not_o if_o he_o have_v a_o title_n it_o be_v a_o unjust_a war_n that_o take_v the_o kingdom_n from_o he_o if_o he_o have_v no_o title_n but_o only_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o kingdom_n yet_o it_o be_v unjust_a for_o any_o other_o man_n that_o want_v a_o title_n also_o to_o conquer_v he_o that_o be_v but_o in_o possession_n for_o it_o be_v a_o just_a rule_n that_o where_o the_o case_n be_v alike_o he_o that_o be_v in_o possession_n be_v in_o the_o better_a condition_n in_o pari_fw-la causa_fw-la possidentis_fw-la melior_fw-la conditio_fw-la lib._n 2._o c._n 23._o and_o this_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n even_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o grotius_n but_o if_o it_o be_v admit_v that_o he_o that_o attempt_v to_o conquer_v have_v a_o title_n and_o he_o that_o be_v in_o possession_n have_v none_o here_o the_o conquest_n be_v but_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o possessory_a action_n to_o put_v the_o conqueror_n in_o possession_n of_o a_o primer_n right_o and_o not_o to_o raise_v a_o new_a title_n for_o war_n begin_v where_o the_o law_n fail_v ubi_fw-la judicia_fw-la deficiunt_fw-la incipit_fw-la bellum_fw-la lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o and_o thus_o upon_o the_o matter_n i_o can_v find_v in_o grotius_n book_n de_fw-la jure_fw-la belli_n how_o that_o any_o case_n can_v be_v put_v wherein_o by_o a_o just_a war_n a_o man_n may_v become_v a_o king_n pleno_fw-la jure_fw-la proprietatis_fw-la all_o government_n and_o supreme_a power_n be_v found_v upon_o public_a subjection_n which_o be_v thus_o define_v by_o grotius_n publica_n subjectio_fw-la est_fw-la qua_fw-la se_fw-la populus_fw-la homini_fw-la alicui_fw-la aut_fw-la pluribus_fw-la hominibus_fw-la aut_fw-la etiam_fw-la populo_fw-la alteri_fw-la in_o ditionem_fw-la that_fw-mi lib._n 2._o c._n 5._o if_o subjection_n be_v the_o gift_n of_o the_o people_n how_o can_v supreme_a power_n pleno_fw-la jure_fw-la in_o full_a right_n be_v get_v by_o a_o just_a war_n as_o to_o the_o other_o mean_n whereby_o king_n may_v get_v supreme_a power_n in_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n grotius_n will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v when_o some_o people_n for_o avoid_v a_o
great_a evil_n do_v so_o yield_v themselves_o into_o another_o power_n as_o that_o they_o do_v except_o nothing_o it_o will_v be_v consider_v how_o without_o war_n any_o people_n can_v be_v bring_v into_o such_o danger_n of_o life_n as_o that_o because_o they_o can_v find_v no_o other_o way_n to_o defend_v themselves_o or_o because_o they_o be_v so_o press_v with_o poverty_n as_o they_o can_v otherwise_o have_v mean_n to_o sustain_v themselves_o they_o be_v force_v to_o renounce_v all_o right_n of_o govern_v themselves_o and_o deliver_v it_o to_o a_o king_n but_o if_o such_o a_o case_n can_v happen_v but_o by_o a_o war_n only_o which_o reduce_v a_o people_n to_o such_o term_n of_o extremity_n as_o compel_v they_o to_o a_o absolute_a abrenuntiation_n of_o all_o sovereignty_n then_o war_n which_o cause_v that_o necessity_n be_v the_o prime_a mean_n of_o extort_v such_o sovereignty_n and_o not_o the_o free_a gift_n of_o the_o people_n who_o can_v otherwise_o choose_v but_o give_v away_o that_o power_n which_o they_o can_v keep_v thus_o upon_o the_o reckon_a the_o two_o way_n propound_v by_o grotius_n be_v but_o one_o way_n and_o that_o one_o way_n in_o conclusion_n be_v no_o way_n whereby_o supreme_a power_n may_v be_v have_v in_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n his_o two_o way_n be_v a_o just_a war_n or_o a_o donation_n of_o the_o people_n a_o just_a war_n can_v be_v without_o a_o title_n no_o title_n without_o the_o donation_n of_o the_o people_n no_o donation_n without_o such_o a_o necessity_n as_o nothing_o can_v bring_v upon_o the_o donor_n but_o a_o war._n so_o that_o howsoever_o grotius_n in_o word_n acknowledge_v that_o king_n may_v have_v a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n yet_o by_o consequence_n he_o deny_v it_o by_o such_o circular_a supposition_n as_o by_o coincidence_n destroy_v each_o other_o and_o in_o effect_n he_o leave_v all_o people_n a_o right_a to_o plead_v in_o bar_n against_o the_o right_n of_o propriety_n of_o any_o prince_n either_o per_fw-la minas_fw-la or_o per_fw-la dure_v many_o time_n say_v grotius_n it_o happen_v that_o war_n be_v ground_v upon_o expletive_a justice_n justitiam_fw-la expletricem_fw-la which_o be_v when_o a_o man_n can_v obtain_v what_o he_o ought_v he_o take_v that_o which_o be_v as_o much_o in_o value_n which_o in_o moral_a estimation_n be_v the_o same_o for_o in_o war_n when_o the_o same_o province_n can_v be_v recover_v to_o the_o which_o a_o man_n have_v a_o title_n he_o recover_v another_o of_o the_o like_a value_n this_o recovery_n can_v give_v a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n because_o the_o justice_n of_o such_o a_o war_n reach_v no_o far_a than_o to_o a_o compensation_n for_o a_o former_a right_n to_o another_o thing_n and_o therefore_o can_v give_v no_o new_a right_n i_o be_o bind_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o case_n put_v by_o grotius_n among_o those_o cause_n which_o he_o think_v shall_v move_v the_o people_n to_o renounce_v all_o their_o right_n of_o govern_v and_o give_v it_o to_o another_o it_o may_v also_o happen_v say_v he_o that_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n possess_v large_a territory_n will_v not_o receive_v any_o man_n to_o dwell_v within_o his_o land_n upon_o any_o other_o condition_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v that_o all_o king_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o people_n which_o may_v be_v sufficient_o understand_v by_o the_o example_n of_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n receive_v stranger_n under_o the_o law_n of_o obedience_n in_o both_o these_o passage_n we_o have_v a_o close_a and_o curt_a acknowledgement_n that_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n may_v be_v a_o absolute_a king_n over_o stranger_n without_o choice_n of_o the_o people_n now_o i_o will_v know_v whether_o such_o father_n of_o family_n have_v not_o the_o same_o absolute_a power_n over_o their_o own_o child_n without_o the_o people_n choice_n which_o he_o allow_v they_o over_o stranger_n if_o they_o have_v i_o can_v but_o call_v they_o absolute_a proprietary_n king_n though_o grotius_n be_v not_o willing_a to_o give_v they_o that_o title_n in_o plain_a term_n for_o indeed_o to_o allow_v such_o king_n be_v to_o condemn_v his_o own_o principle_n that_o dominion_n come_v in_o by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n and_o so_o consequent_o to_o overthrow_v his_o usufructuary_n king_n of_o who_o i_o be_o next_o to_o speak_v grotius_n say_v that_o the_o law_n of_o obey_v or_o resist_a prince_n depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o they_o who_o first_o meet_v in_o civil_a society_n from_o who_o power_n do_v flow_v to_o king_n and_o that_o man_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n come_v together_o into_o civil_a society_n from_o whence_o spring_n civil_a power_n and_o the_o people_n may_v choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v upon_o these_o supposition_n he_o conclude_v that_o king_n elect_v by_o the_o people_n have_v but_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o that_o be_v a_o right_a to_o take_v the_o profit_n or_o fruit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o not_o a_o right_n of_o propriety_n or_o power_n to_o alienate_v it_o but_o why_o do_v he_o call_v it_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o term_n too_o mean_a or_o base_a to_o express_v the_o right_n of_o any_o king_n and_o be_v derogatory_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o supreme_a majesty_n the_o word_n usufructuary_n be_v use_v by_o the_o lawyer_n to_o signify_v he_o that_o have_v the_o use_n profit_n or_o fruit_n of_o some_o corporal_a thing_n that_o may_v be_v use_v without_o the_o property_n for_o of_o fungible_a thing_n res_fw-la fungibiles_fw-la the_o civilian_n call_v they_o that_o be_v spend_v or_o consume_v in_o the_o use_n as_o corn_n wine_n oil_n money_n there_o can_v be_v a_o usufructuary_n right_o it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o kingdom_n all_o one_o with_o a_o farm_n as_o if_o it_o have_v no_o other_o use_v but_o to_o be_v let_v out_o to_o he_o that_o can_v make_v most_o of_o it_o whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v the_o part_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o king_n to_o govern_v and_o he_o have_v a_o right_a so_o to_o do_v and_o to_o that_o end_v supreme_a power_n be_v give_v unto_o he_o the_o take_n of_o the_o profit_n or_o make_v use_v of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v but_o as_o a_o mean_n only_o to_o enable_v he_o to_o perform_v that_o great_a work_n of_o government_n beside_o grotius_n will_v not_o only_o have_v a_o elect_a king_n but_o also_o his_o lawful_a successor_n to_o have_v but_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o so_o that_o though_o a_o king_n have_v a_o crown_n to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n yet_o he_o will_v allow_v he_o no_o propriety_n because_o he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o alienate_v it_o for_o he_o suppose_v the_o primary_n will_v of_o the_o people_n to_o have_v be_v to_o bestow_v supreme_a power_n to_o go_v in_o succession_n and_o not_o to_o be_v alienable_a but_o for_o this_o he_o have_v no_o better_a proof_n than_o a_o naked_a presumption_n in_o regnis_fw-la quae_fw-la populi_n voluntate_fw-la delata_fw-la sunt_fw-la concedo_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la praesumendum_fw-la eam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la populi_n voluntatem_fw-la ut_fw-la alienatio_fw-la imperii_fw-la svi_fw-la regi_fw-la permitteretur_fw-la but_o though_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v king_n a_o right_a of_o propriety_n in_o their_o kingdom_n yet_o a_o right_n of_o propriety_n there_o must_v be_v in_o some_o body_n and_o in_o who_o but_o in_o the_o people_n for_o he_o say_v the_o empire_n which_o be_v exercise_v by_o king_n do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o people_n his_o meaning_n be_v the_o use_n be_v the_o king_n be_v but_o the_o property_n be_v the_o people_n but_o if_o the_o power_n to_o alienate_v the_o kingdom_n be_v in_o he_o that_o have_v the_o property_n this_o may_v prove_v a_o comfortable_a doctrine_n to_o the_o people_n but_o yet_o to_o allow_v a_o right_n of_o succession_n in_o king_n and_o still_o to_o reserve_v a_o right_n of_o property_n in_o the_o people_n may_v make_v some_o contradiction_n for_o the_o succession_n must_v either_o hinder_v the_o right_n of_o alienation_n which_o be_v in_o the_o people_n or_o the_o alienation_n must_v destroy_v that_o right_n of_o succession_n which_o by_o grotius_n confession_n may_v attend_v upon_o elect_a king_n though_o grotius_n confess_v that_o supreme_a power_n be_v unum_n quiddam_fw-la and_o in_o itself_o indivisible_a yet_o he_o say_v sometime_o it_o may_v be_v divide_v either_o by_o part_n potential_a or_o subjunctive_a i_o take_v his_o meaning_n to_o be_v that_o the_o government_n or_o the_o govern_v may_v be_v divide_v a_o example_n he_o give_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n but_o whereas_o he_o say_v fieri_fw-la potest_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o may_v be_v the_o people_n choose_v a_o king_n may_v reserve_v some_o action_n to_o themselves_o and_o in_o other_o
of_o power_n to_o 40._o which_o the_o other_o part_n be_v subsequent_a and_o subservient_fw-fr if_o gubernative_a be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o legislative_a how_o can_v gubernative_a power_n be_v supreme_a now_o let_v we_o examime_v the_o author_n limit_a monarch_n by_o these_o his_o own_o rule_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o a_o moderate_v limit_v stint_a conditionate_n 12._o legal_a or_o allay_v monarchy_n for_o all_o these_o term_n he_o have_v for_o it_o the_o supreme_a power_n must_v be_v restrain_v by_o some_o law_n according_a to_o which_o this_o power_n be_v give_v and_o by_o direction_n of_o which_o this_o power_n must_v act_v when_o in_o a_o line_n before_o he_o say_v that_o the_o monarch_n power_n must_v not_o be_v limit_v by_o any_o power_n above_o he_o yet_o here_o he_o will_v have_v his_o supreme_a power_n restrain_v not_o limit_v and_o yet_o restrain_v be_v not_o a_o restraint_n a_o limitation_n and_o if_o restrain_a how_o be_v it_o supreme_a and_o if_o restrain_v by_o some_o law_n be_v not_o the_o power_n of_o that_o law_n and_o of_o they_o that_o make_v that_o law_n above_o his_o supreme_a power_n and_o if_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o such_o law_n only_o he_o must_v govern_v where_o be_v the_o legislative_a power_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o supreme_a power_n when_o the_o law_n must_v rule_v and_o govern_v the_o monarch_n and_o not_o the_o monarch_n the_o law_n he_o have_v at_o the_o most_o but_o a_o gubernative_a or_o executive_a power_n if_o his_o authority_n transcend_v 14._o its_o bound_n if_o it_o command_v beyond_o the_o law_n and_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v legal_o to_o subjection_n in_o such_o case_n and_o if_o the_o utmost_a extent_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o limit_a monarch_n power_n and_o subject_n duty_n where_o shall_v we_o find_v 16._o the_o supreme_a power_n that_o culmen_fw-la or_o apex_n potestatis_fw-la that_o prime_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o our_o author_n say_v must_v be_v in_o every_o monarch_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v principality_n and_o power_n do_v also_o signify_v principium_fw-la beginning_n which_o do_v teach_v we_o that_o by_o the_o word_n prince_n or_o principality_n the_o principium_fw-la or_o beginning_n of_o government_n be_v mean_v this_o if_o it_o be_v give_v to_o the_o law_n it_o rob_v the_o monarch_n and_o make_v the_o law_n the_o primum_fw-la mobile_a and_o so_o that_o which_o be_v but_o the_o instrument_n or_o servant_n to_o the_o monarch_n become_v the_o master_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o word_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d solus_fw-la one_o alone_a the_o monarch_n must_v not_o only_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n unlimited_a but_o he_o must_v have_v it_o alone_o without_o any_o companion_n our_o author_n teach_v 15._o we_o he_o be_v no_o monarch_n if_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v not_o in_o one_o and_o again_o he_o say_v if_o you_o put_v 17._o the_o apex_n potestatis_fw-la or_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o a_o part_n of_o it_o you_o destroy_v the_o be_v of_o monarchy_n now_o let_v we_o see_v if_o his_o mix_a monarchy_n be_v frame_v according_a to_o these_o his_o own_o principle_n first_o he_o say_v in_o a_o mix_a monarchy_n the_o sovereign_a power_n must_v be_v original_o in_o all_o three_o estate_n and_o again_o his_o word_n be_v the_o three_o estate_n be_v all_o sharer_n in_o the_o supreme_a power_n the_o primity_n of_o share_n in_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v in_o one._n here_o we_o find_v that_o he_o that_o tell_v we_o the_o supreme_a power_n must_v be_v in_o one_o will_v now_o allow_v his_o mix_a monarch_n but_o one_o share_n only_o of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o give_v other_o share_n to_o the_o estate_n thus_o he_o destroy_v the_o be_v of_o monarchy_n by_o put_v the_o supreme_a power_n or_o culmen_fw-la potestatis_fw-la or_o a_o part_n of_o it_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o a_o part_n thereof_o and_o yet_o former_o he_o confess_v that_o the_o power_n of_o magistracy_n can_v well_o be_v divide_v 5._o for_o it_o be_v one_o simple_a thing_n or_o indivisable_v beam_n of_o divine_a perfection_n but_o he_o can_v make_v this_o indivisable_a beam_n to_o be_v divisable_a into_o three_o share_n i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d solus_fw-la alone_o i_o have_v dwell_v the_o long_a upon_o this_o definition_n of_o monarchy_n because_o the_o apprehend_n of_o it_o out_o of_o the_o author_n own_o ground_n quite_o overthrow_v both_o his_o monarch_n limit_v by_o law_n and_o his_o monarch_n mix_v with_o the_o state_n for_o to_o govern_v be_v to_o give_v a_o law_n to_o other_o and_o not_o to_o have_v a_o law_n give_v to_o govern_v and_o limit_v he_o that_o govern_v and_o to_o govern_v alone_o be_v not_o to_o have_v sharer_n or_o companion_n mix_v with_o the_o governor_n thus_o the_o two_o word_n of_o which_o monarchy_n be_v compound_v contradict_v the_o two_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n which_o he_o plead_v for_o and_o by_o consequence_n his_o whole_a treatise_n for_o these_o two_o sort_n of_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n take_v up_o in_o a_o manner_n his_o whole_a book_n i_o will_v now_o touch_v some_o few_o particular_a passage_n in_o the_o treatise_n our_o author_n first_o confess_v it_o be_v god_n 2._o express_a ordinance_n there_o shall_v be_v government_n and_o he_o prove_v it_o by_o gen._n 3._o 16._o where_o god_n ordain_v adam_n to_o rule_v over_o his_o wife_n and_o her_o desire_n be_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o he_o and_o as_o she_o so_o all_o they_o that_o shall_v come_v of_o she_o here_o we_o have_v the_o original_a grant_n of_o government_n and_o the_o fountain_n of_o all_o power_n place_v in_o the_o father_n of_o all_o mankind_n according_o we_o find_v the_o law_n for_o obedience_n to_o government_n give_v in_o the_o term_n of_o honour_n thy_o father_n not_o only_o the_o constitution_n of_o power_n in_o general_n but_o the_o limitation_n of_o it_o to_o one_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o monarchy_n or_o the_o government_n of_o one_o alone_a and_o the_o determination_n of_o it_o to_o the_o individual_a person_n and_o line_n of_o adam_n be_v all_o three_o ordinance_n of_o god_n neither_o eve_n nor_o her_o child_n can_v either_o limit_n adam_n power_n or_o join_v other_o with_o he_o in_o the_o government_n and_o what_o be_v give_v unto_o adam_n be_v give_v in_o his_o person_n to_o his_o posterity_n this_o paternal_a power_n continue_v monarchical_a to_o the_o flood_n and_o after_o the_o flood_n to_o the_o confusion_n of_o babel_n when_o kingdom_n be_v first_o erect_v plant_v or_o scatter_v over_o the_o face_n of_o the_o world_n we_o find_v gen._n 10._o 11._o it_o be_v do_v by_o colony_n of_o whole_a family_n over_o which_o the_o prime_a father_n have_v supreme_a power_n and_o be_v king_n who_o be_v all_o the_o son_n or_o grandchild_n of_o noah_n from_o who_o they_o derive_v a_o fatherly_a and_o regal_a power_n over_o their_o family_n now_o if_o this_o supreme_a power_n be_v settle_v and_o found_v by_o god_n himself_o in_o the_o fatherhood_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o the_o people_n to_o have_v any_o right_a or_o title_n to_o alter_v and_o dispose_v of_o it_o otherwise_o what_o commission_n can_v they_o show_v that_o give_v they_o power_n either_o of_o limitation_n or_o mixture_n it_o be_v god_n ordinance_n that_o supremacy_n shall_v be_v unlimited_a in_o adam_n and_o as_o large_a as_o all_o the_o act_n of_o his_o will_n and_o as_o in_o he_o so_o in_o all_o other_o that_o have_v supreme_a power_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o judgement_n and_o speech_n of_o the_o people_n to_o joshuah_n when_o he_o be_v supreme_a governor_n these_o be_v their_o word_n to_o he_o all_z that_o thou_o command_v we_o we_o will_v do_v whosoever_o he_o be_v that_o do_v rebel_n against_o thy_o commandment_n and_o will_v not_o hearken_v unto_o thy_o word_n in_o all_o that_o thou_o command_v he_o he_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n we_o may_v not_o say_v that_o these_o be_v evil_a counsellor_n or_o flatter_a courtier_n of_o joshuah_n or_o that_o he_o himself_o be_v a_o tyrant_n for_o have_v such_o arbitrary_a power_n our_o author_n and_o all_o those_o who_o affirm_v that_o power_n be_v convey_v to_o person_n by_o public_a consent_n be_v force_v to_o confess_v that_o it_o be_v the_o fatherly_a power_n that_o first_o enable_v a_o people_n to_o make_v such_o conveyance_n so_o that_o admit_v as_o they_o hold_v that_o our_o ancestor_n do_v at_o first_o convey_v power_n yet_o the_o reason_n why_o we_o now_o live_v do_v submit_v to_o such_o power_n be_v for_o that_o our_o forefather_n every_o one_o for_o himself_o his_o family_n and_o posterity_n have_v a_o power_n of_o resign_v up_o
themselves_o and_o we_o to_o a_o supreme_a power_n as_o the_o scripture_n teach_v we_o that_o supreme_a power_n be_v original_o in_o the_o fatherhood_n without_o any_o limitation_n so_o likewise_o reason_n do_v evince_v it_o that_o if_o god_n ordain_v that_o supremacy_n shall_v be_v that_o then_o supremacy_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v unlimited_a for_o the_o power_n that_o limit_n must_v be_v above_o that_o power_n which_o be_v limit_v if_o it_o be_v limit_v it_o can_v be_v supreme_a so_o that_o if_o our_o author_n will_v grant_v supreme_a power_n to_o be_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n the_o supreme_a power_n will_v prove_v itself_o to_o be_v unlimited_a by_o the_o same_o ordinance_n because_o a_o supreme_a limit_a power_n be_v a_o contradiction_n the_o monarchical_a power_n of_o adam_n the_o father_n of_o all_o flesh_n be_v by_o a_o general_a bind_a ordinance_n settle_v by_o god_n in_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n by_o right_a of_o fatherhood_n the_o form_n of_o monarchy_n must_v be_v prefer_v above_o other_o form_n except_o the_o like_a ordinance_n for_o other_o form_n can_v be_v show_v neither_o may_v man_n according_a to_o their_o relation_n to_o the_o form_n they_o live_v under_o to_o their_o affection_n and_o judgement_n in_o divers_a respect_n prefer_v or_o compare_v any_o other_o form_n with_o monarchy_n the_o point_n that_o most_o perplex_v our_o author_n and_o many_o other_o be_v that_o if_o monarchy_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n a_o absurdity_n will_v follow_v that_o we_o shall_v uncharitable_o condemn_v all_o the_o community_n which_o have_v not_o that_o form_n for_o violation_n of_o god_n ordinance_n and_o pronounce_v those_o other_o power_n unlawful_a if_o those_o who_o live_v under_o a_o monarchy_n can_v justify_v the_o form_n they_o live_v under_o to_o be_v god_n ordinance_n they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o forbear_v their_o own_o justification_n because_o other_o can_v do_v the_o like_a for_o the_o form_n they_o live_v under_o let_v other_o look_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o government_n if_o it_o can_v be_v proud_a or_o show_v that_o any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n have_v ever_o any_o lawful_a beginning_n but_o be_v bring_v in_o or_o erect_v by_o rebellion_n must_v therefore_o the_o lawful_a and_o just_a obedience_n to_o monarchy_n be_v deny_v to_o be_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n to_o proceed_v with_o our_o author_n in_o the_o 3_o page_n he_o say_v the_o high_a power_n be_v god_n ordinance_n that_o it_o reside_v in_o one_o or_o more_o in_o such_o or_o such_o a_o way_n be_v from_o humane_a designment_n god_n by_o no_o word_n bind_v any_o people_n to_o this_o or_o that_o form_n till_o they_o by_o their_o own_o act_n bind_v themselves_o because_o the_o power_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n in_o government_n be_v the_o burden_n of_o the_o whole_a book_n and_o our_o author_n expect_v it_o shall_v be_v admit_v as_o a_o magisterial_a postulation_n without_o any_o other_o proof_n than_o a_o naked_a supposition_n and_o since_o other_o also_o maintain_v that_o original_o power_n be_v or_o now_o be_v in_o the_o people_n &_o that_o the_o first_o king_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n they_o may_v not_o be_v offend_v if_o they_o be_v ask_v in_o what_o sense_n they_o understand_v the_o word_n people_n because_o this_o as_o many_o other_o word_n have_v different_a acception_n be_v sometime_o take_v in_o a_o large_a otherwhiles_o in_o a_o strict_a sense_n literal_o and_o in_o the_o large_a sense_n the_o word_n people_n signify_v the_o whole_a multitude_n of_o mankind_n but_o figuâ—…tively_o and_o synecdochical_o it_o note_v many_o time_n the_o â—…ajor_a part_n of_o a_o multitude_n or_o sometime_o the_o better_a or_o the_o rich_a or_o the_o wise_a or_o some_o other_o part_n and_o oftentimes_o a_o very_a small_a part_n of_o the_o people_n if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o apparent_a opposite_a party_n have_v the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n by_o presumption_n if_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o entire_a multitude_n or_o whole_a people_n have_v original_o by_o nature_n power_n to_o choose_v a_o king_n they_o must_v remember_v that_o by_o their_o own_o principle_n and_o rule_n by_o nature_n all_o mankind_n in_o the_o world_n make_v but_o one_o people_n who_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v bear_v alike_o to_o a_o equal_a freedom_n from_o subjection_n and_o where_o such_o freedom_n be_v there_o â—…ll_a thing_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v common_a and_o therefore_o without_o a_o joint_a consent_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n â—…f_o the_o world_n no_o one_o thing_n can_v be_v make_v proper_a 〈◊〉_d any_o one_o man_n but_o it_o will_v be_v a_o injury_n and_o a_o â—…urpation_n upon_o the_o common_a right_n of_o all_o other_o â—…rom_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o natural_a freedom_n beâ—…ing_v once_o grant_v there_o can_v be_v any_o one_o man_n â—…osen_v a_o king_n without_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o world_n at_o one_o instant_a nemine_fw-la contradicente_fw-la nay_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o nature_n have_v make_v all_o man_n free_a though_o all_o mankind_n shall_v concur_v in_o one_o vote_n yet_o it_o can_v seem_v reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o if_o no_o man_n have_v power_n to_o take_v away_o his_o own_o life_n without_o the_o guilt_n of_o be_v a_o murderer_n of_o himself_o how_o can_v any_o people_n confer_v such_o a_o power_n as_o they_o have_v not_o themselves_o upon_o any_o one_o man_n without_o be_v accessory_n to_o their_o own_o death_n and_o every_o particular_a man_n become_v guilty_a of_o be_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la if_o this_o general_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n people_n be_v disavow_v and_o man_n will_v suppose_v that_o the_o people_n of_o particular_a region_n or_o country_n have_v power_n and_o freedom_n to_o choose_v unto_o themselves_o king_n then_o let_v they_o but_o observe_v the_o consequence_n since_o nature_n have_v not_o distinguish_v the_o habitable_a world_n into_o kingdom_n nor_o determine_v what_o part_n of_o a_o people_n shall_v belong_v to_o one_o kingdom_n and_o what_o to_o another_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o original_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n be_v suppose_v every_o man_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o be_v of_o what_o kingdom_n he_o please_v and_o so_o every_o petty_a company_n have_v a_o right_a to_o make_v a_o kingdom_n by_o itself_o and_o not_o only_o every_o city_n but_o every_o village_n and_o every_o family_n nay_o and_o every_o particular_a man_n a_o liberty_n to_o choose_v himself_o to_o be_v his_o own_o king_n if_o he_o please_v and_o he_o be_v a_o madman_n that_o be_v by_o nature_n free_a will_v choose_v any_o man_n but_o himself_o to_o be_v his_o own_o governor_n thus_o to_o avoid_v the_o have_v but_o of_o one_o king_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n we_o shall_v run_v into_o a_o liberty_n of_o have_v as_o many_o king_n as_o there_o be_v man_n in_o the_o world_n which_o upon_o the_o matter_n be_v to_o have_v no_o king_n at_o all_o but_o to_o leave_v all_o man_n to_o their_o natural_a liberty_n which_o be_v the_o mischief_n the_o pleader_n for_o natural_a liberty_n do_v pretend_v they_o will_v most_o avoid_v but_o if_o neither_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o the_o world_n nor_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v mean_v but_o only_o the_o major_a part_n or_o some_o other_o part_n of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o still_o the_o objection_n will_v be_v the_o strong_a for_o beside_o that_o nature_n have_v make_v no_o partition_n of_o the_o world_n or_o of_o the_o people_n into_o distict_a kingdom_n and_o that_o without_o a_o universal_a consent_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o instant_a no_o partition_n can_v be_v make_v yet_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o consent_n to_o choose_v their_o king_n nevertheless_o their_o election_n will_v bind_v none_o to_o subjection_n but_o only_o such_o as_o consent_v for_o the_o major_a part_n never_o bind_v but_o where_o man_n at_o first_o either_o agree_v to_o be_v so_o bind_v or_o where_o a_o high_a power_n so_o command_v now_o there_o be_v no_o high_a power_n than_o nature_n but_o god_n himself_o where_o neither_o nature_n nor_o god_n appoint_v the_o major_a part_n to_o bind_v their_o consent_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o any_o but_o only_o to_o themselves_o who_o consent_n yet_o for_o the_o present_a to_o gratify_v they_o so_o far_o as_o to_o admit_v that_o either_o by_o nature_n or_o by_o a_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o mankind_n the_o world_n at_o first_o be_v divide_v into_o particular_a kingdom_n and_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o each_o kingdom_n assemble_v allow_v to_o choose_v their_o king_n yet_o it_o can_v true_o be_v say_v that_o ever_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o the_o
man_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v a_o lawful_a governor_n though_o neither_o they_o nor_o their_o ancestor_n ever_o take_v oath_n then_o he_o proceed_v &_o confess_v that_o in_o rom._n 13._o the_o power_n which_o then_o be_v be_v absolute_a 7._o yet_o the_o apostle_n not_o exclude_v it_o call_v it_o god_n ordinance_n and_o command_v subjection_n to_o it_o so_o christ_n command_v tribute_n to_o be_v pay_v and_o pay_v it_o himself_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o arbitrary_a tax_n the_o production_n of_o a_o absolute_a power_n these_o be_v the_o loyal_a expression_n of_o our_o author_n touch_v absolute_a or_o arbitrary_a monarchy_n i_o do_v the_o rather_o mention_v these_o passage_n of_o our_o author_n because_o very_o many_o in_o these_o day_n do_v not_o stick_v to_o maintain_v that_o a_o arbitrary_a or_o absolute_a monarch_n not_o limit_v by_o law_n be_v all_o one_o with_o a_o tyrant_n and_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o one_o man_n will_n be_v to_o be_v make_v a_o slave_n it_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o our_o author_n be_v not_o of_o that_o mind_n when_o he_o say_v absolute_a subjection_n be_v servitude_n and_o thereupon_o a_o late_a friend_n to_o limit_a monarchy_n affirm_v in_o a_o discourse_n upon_o the_o question_n in_o debate_n be-between_a 54._o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n that_o to_o make_v a_o king_n by_o the_o standard_n of_o god_n word_n be_v to_o make_v the_o subject_n slave_n for_o conscience_n sake_n a_o hard_a say_n and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o he_o that_o give_v this_o censure_n can_v be_v excuse_v from_o blasphemy_n it_o be_v a_o bold_a speech_n to_o condemn_v all_o the_o king_n of_o judah_n for_o tyrant_n or_o to_o say_v all_o their_o subject_n be_v slave_n but_o certain_o the_o man_n do_v not_o know_v neither_o what_o a_o tyrant_n be_v or_o what_o a_o slave_n be_v indeed_o the_o word_n â—…re_v frequent_a enough_o in_o every_o man_n mouth_n and_o our_o old_a english_a translation_n of_o the_o bible_n use_v sometime_o the_o word_n tyrant_n but_o the_o author_n of_o our_o new_a translation_n have_v be_v so_o careful_a as_o not_o once_o to_o use_v the_o word_n but_o only_o for_o the_o proper_a name_n of_o a_o man_n act._n 19_o 9_o because_o they_o find_v no_o hebrew_n word_n in_o the_o scripture_n to_o signify_v a_o tyrant_n or_o a_o slave_n neither_o aristotle_n bodin_n nor_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n who_o be_v all_o man_n of_o deep_a judgement_n can_v agree_v in_o a_o definition_n or_o description_n of_o tyranny_n though_o they_o have_v all_o three_o labour_v in_o the_o point_n and_o i_o make_v some_o question_n whether_o any_o man_n can_v possible_o describe_v what_o a_o tyrant_n be_v and_o then_o tell_v i_o any_o one_o man_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o the_o world_n that_o be_v a_o tyrant_n according_a to_o that_o description_n i_o return_v again_o to_o our_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n where_o i_o find_v three_o degree_n of_o absolute_a monarchy_n 1._o where_o the_o monarch_n who_o will_n be_v the_o law_n do_v set_v himself_o no_o law_n to_o rule_v by_o but_o by_o command_n of_o his_o 〈◊〉_d judgement_n as_o he_o think_v fit_a 2._o when_o he_o set_v a_o law_n by_o which_o he_o will_v ordinaâ—…ily_o govern_v reserve_v to_o himself_o a_o liberty_n to_o vary_v from_o it_o as_o oft_o as_o in_o his_o discretion_n he_o think_v fit_a and_o in_o this_o the_o sovereign_n be_v as_o free_a as_o the_o former_a 3._o where_o he_o not_o only_o set_v a_o rule_n but_o promise_v in_o many_o case_n not_o to_o alter_v it_o but_o this_o promise_n or_o engagement_n be_v a_o after-condescent_n or_o act_n of_o grace_n not_o dissolve_v the_o absolute_a oath_n of_o subjection_n which_o go_v before_o it_o for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o three_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o it_o be_v a_o pure_a absolute_a monarchy_n but_o as_o for_o the_o other_o two_o though_o he_o say_v they_o be_v absolute_a yet_o in_o regard_n they_o set_v themselves_o limit_n or_o law_n to_o govern_v by_o if_o it_o please_v our_o author_n to_o term_v they_o limit_v monarch_n i_o will_v not_o oppose_v he_o yet_o i_o must_v tell_v he_o that_o his_o three_o degree_n of_o absolute_a monarchy_n be_v such_o a_o kind_n as_o i_o believe_v never_o have_v be_v nor_o ever_o can_v be_v in_o the_o world_n for_o a_o monarch_n to_o promise_v and_o engage_v in_o many_o case_n not_o to_o alter_v a_o law_n it_o be_v most_o necessary_a that_o those_o many_o case_n shall_v be_v particular_o express_v at_o the_o bargain_n make_v now_o he_o that_o understand_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o all_o humane_a law_n know_v that_o particular_a case_n be_v infinite_a and_o not_o comprehensible_a within_o any_o rule_n or_o law_n and_o if_o many_o case_n shall_v be_v comprehend_v and_o many_o omit_v yet_o even_o those_o that_o be_v comprehend_v will_v admit_v of_o variety_n of_o interpretation_n and_o disputation_n therefore_o our_o author_n do_v not_o nor_o can_v tell_v we_o of_o any_o such_o reserve_a case_n promise_v by_o any_o monarch_n again_o where_o he_o say_v a_o after-condescent_n or_o act_n of_o grace_n do_v not_o dissolve_v the_o absolute_a oath_n of_o subjection_n which_o go_v before_o it_o though_o in_o this_o he_o speak_v true_a yet_o still_o he_o seem_v to_o insinuate_v that_o a_o oath_n only_o bind_v to_o subjection_n which_o oath_n as_o he_o will_v have_v we_o believe_v be_v at_o first_o arbitrary_a whereas_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v monarch_n though_o they_o never_o take_v oath_n of_o subjection_n as_o well_o as_o childen_a be_v bind_v to_o obey_v their_o parent_n though_o they_o never_o swear_v to_o do_v it_o next_o his_o distincton_n between_o the_o rule_n of_o power_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o it_o be_v vain_a for_o to_o rule_v 1._o be_v to_o exercise_v power_n for_o himself_o say_v that_o government_n be_v potestatis_fw-la exercitium_fw-la the_o exercise_n of_o a_o moral_a power_n last_o whereas_o our_o author_n say_v a_o monarch_n can_v break_v his_o promise_n without_o sin_n let_v i_o add_v that_o if_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n salus_fw-la populi_fw-la require_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o monarch_n promise_n than_o the_o sin_n if_o there_o be_v any_o be_v rather_o in_o the_o make_n than_o break_v of_o the_o promise_n the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n be_v a_o exception_n imply_v in_o every_o monarchical_a promise_n but_o it_o seem_v these_o three_o degree_n of_o monarchy_n do_v not_o satisfy_v our_o author_n he_o be_v not_o content_a to_o have_v a_o monarch_n have_v a_o law_n or_o rule_n to_o govern_v by_o but_o he_o must_v have_v this_o limitation_n or_o 12._o law_n to_o be_v ab_fw-la externo_fw-la from_o somebody_o else_o and_o not_o from_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o monarch_n own_o will_n and_o therefore_o he_o say_v by_o original_a constitution_n the_o society_n public_a confer_v on_o one_o man_n a_o power_n by_o limit_a contract_n resign_v themselves_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o such_o a_o law_n also_o before_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o 13._o sole_a mean_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v the_o consent_n and_o fundamental_a contract_n which_o consent_n put_v they_o in_o their_o power_n which_o can_v be_v no_o more_o nor_o other_o than_o be_v conâ—…eyed_v to_o they_o by_o such_o contract_n of_o subjection_n if_o the_o sole_a mean_n of_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n be_v the_o consent_n and_o fundamental_a contract_n of_o a_o nation_n how_o be_v it_o that_o he_o say_v a_o monarch_n may_v be_v limit_v by_o after-condescent_n be_v a_o after-condescent_n all_o one_o with_o a_o fundamental_a contract_n with_o original_n and_o radical_a constitution_n why_o yea_o he_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v a_o secundary_a original_a constitution_n a_o secundary_a original_n that_o be_v a_o second_o first_o and_o if_o that_o condescent_n be_v a_o act_n of_o grace_n do_v not_o this_o condescent_n to_o a_o limitation_n come_v from_o the_o free_a determination_n of_o the_o monarch_n will_v if_o he_o either_o formal_o or_o virtual_o as_o our_o author_n suppose_v desert_n his_o absolute_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n which_o he_o have_v by_o conquest_n or_o other_o right_n and_o if_o it_o be_v from_o the_o free_a will_n of_o the_o monarch_n why_o do_v he_o say_v the_o limitation_n must_v be_v ab_fw-la externo_fw-la he_o tell_v we_o before_o that_o subjection_n 8._o can_v be_v dissolve_v or_o lessen_v by_o a_o act_n of_o grace_n come_v afterward_o but_o he_o have_v better_a bethink_v himself_o and_o now_o he_o will_v have_v act_n of_o grace_n to_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n and_o the_o latter_a kind_n may_v amount_v as_o he_o say_v to_o a_o resignation_n of_o absolute_a monarchy_n but_o can_v any_o man_n believe_v that_o a_o monarch_n who_o by_o conquest_n or_o other_o right_n have_v a_o absolute_a arbitrary_a power_n will_v voluntary_o resign_v that_o absoluteness_n and_o accept_v so_o much_o power_n only_o as_o the_o people_n shall_v
that_o be_v make_v he_o conclude_v the_o fundamental_a law_n must_v judge_v and_o pronounce_v sentence_n in_o every_o man_n conscience_n whereas_o he_o say_v the_o fundamental_a law_n 18._o must_v judge_v i_o will_v very_o glad_o learn_v of_o he_o or_o of_o any_o other_o for_o he_o what_o a_o fundamental_a law_n be_v or_o else_o have_v but_o any_o one_o law_n name_v i_o that_o any_o man_n can_v say_v be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o monarchy_n i_o confess_v he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o common_a law_n be_v the_o foundation_n and_o 38._o the_o statute_n law_n be_v superstructive_a yet_o i_o think_v he_o dare_v not_o say_v that_o there_o be_v any_o one_o branch_n or_o part_n of_o the_o common_a law_n but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v take_v away_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o many_o point_n of_o the_o common_a law_n de_fw-la facto_fw-la have_v and_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la any_o point_n may_v be_v take_v away_o how_o can_v that_o be_v call_v fundamental_a which_o have_v and_o may_v be_v remove_v and_o yet_o the_o statute-law_n stand_v firm_a and_o stable_a it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o fundamental_a for_o the_o building_n to_o stand_v when_o the_o foundation_n be_v take_v away_o beside_o the_o common_a law_n be_v general_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o common_a usage_n or_o custom_n which_o by_o length_n of_o time_n only_o obtain_v authority_n so_o that_o it_o follow_v in_o time_n after_o government_n but_o can_v go_v before_o it_o and_o be_v the_o rule_n to_o government_n by_o any_o original_a or_o radical_a constitution_n also_o the_o common_a law_n be_v unwritten_a doubtful_a and_o difficult_a can_v but_o be_v a_o uncertain_a rule_n to_o govern_v by_o which_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rule_n which_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v certain_a last_o by_o make_v the_o common_a law_n only_o to_o be_v the_o foundation_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v exclude_v from_o be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n and_o also_o all_o other_o statute_n from_o be_v limitation_n to_o monarchy_n since_o the_o fundamental_a law_n only_o be_v to_o be_v judge_n true_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o mankind_n be_v a_o pretty_a large_a tribunal_n for_o the_o fundamental_a law_n to_o pronounce_v sentence_n in_o it_o be_v very_o much_o that_o law_n which_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v dumb_a and_o always_o need_v a_o judge_n to_o pronounce_v sentence_n shall_v now_o be_v able_a to_o speak_v and_o pronounce_v sentence_v themselves_o such_o a_o sentence_n sure_o must_v be_v upon_o the_o hear_n of_o one_o party_n only_o for_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o monarch_n to_o make_v his_o defence_n and_o answer_n and_o produce_v his_o witness_n in_o every_o man_n conscience_n in_o each_o man_n cause_n who_o will_v but_o question_v the_o legality_n of_o the_o monarch_n government_n certain_o the_o sentence_n can_v but_o be_v unjust_a where_o but_o one_o man_n tale_n be_v hear_v for_o all_o this_o the_o conclusion_n be_v every_o man_n must_v oppose_v or_o not_o oppose_v the_o monarch_n according_a to_o his_o own_o conscience_n thus_o at_o the_o last_o every_o man_n be_v bring_v by_o this_o doctrine_n of_o our_o author_n to_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n and_o i_o also_o appeal_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o mankind_n whether_o the_o end_n of_o this_o be_v not_o utter_a confusion_n and_o anarchy_n yet_o after_o all_o this_o the_o author_n say_v this_o power_n of_o every_o man_n judge_v the_o illegal_a 18._o act_n of_o the_o monarch_n argue_v not_o a_o superiority_n of_o those_o who_o judge_v over_o he_o who_o be_v judge_v and_o he_o give_v a_o profound_a reason_n for_o it_o his_o word_n be_v it_o be_v not_o authoritative_a and_o civil_a but_o moral_a reside_v in_o reasonable_a creature_n and_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o execute_v what_o our_o author_n mean_v by_o these_o word_n not_o authoritative_a and_o civil_a but_o moral_a perhaps_o i_o understand_v not_o though_o i_o think_v i_o do_v yet_o it_o serve_v my_o turn_n that_o he_o say_v that_o resistance_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v and_o every_o man_n must_v oppose_v or_o not_o oppose_v according_a as_o in_o conscience_n he_o can_v acquit_v or_o condemn_v the_o act_n of_o his_o governor_n for_o if_o it_o enable_v a_o man_n to_o resist_v and_o oppose_v his_o governor_n without_o question_n it_o be_v authoritative_a and_o civil_a whereas_o he_o add_v that_o moral_a judgement_n be_v reside_v in_o reasonable_a creature_n and_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o execute_v he_o seem_v to_o imply_v that_o authoritative_a and_o civil_a judgement_n do_v not_o reside_v in_o reasonable_a creature_n nor_o can_v be_v lawful_o execute_v such_o a_o conclusion_n fit_v well_o with_o anarchy_n for_o he_o that_o take_v away_o all_o government_n and_o leave_v every_o man_n to_o his_o own_o conscience_n and_o so_o make_v he_o a_o independent_a in_o state_n may_v well_o teach_v that_o authority_n reside_v not_o in_o reasonable_a creature_n nor_o can_v be_v lawful_o execute_v i_o pass_v from_o his_o absolute_a and_o limit_a monarchy_n to_o his_o division_n or_o partition_n for_o he_o allow_v no_o division_n of_o monarchy_n into_o simple_a and_o mix_v viz._n of_o a_o monarch_n the_o nobility_n and_o community_n where_o first_o observe_v a_o doubt_n of_o our_o author_n whether_o a_o firm_a union_n can_v be_v in_o a_o mixture_n 25._o of_o equality_n he_o rather_o think_v there_o must_v be_v a_o priority_n of_o order_n in_o one_o of_o the_o three_o or_o else_o there_o can_v be_v no_o unity_n he_o must_v know_v that_o priority_n of_o order_n do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o equality_n of_o mixture_n if_o the_o share_n be_v equal_a for_o he_o that_o have_v the_o first_o share_n may_v have_v no_o more_o than_o the_o other_o so_o that_o if_o he_o will_v have_v a_o inequality_n of_o mixture_n a_o primity_n of_o share_n will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n the_o first_o share_n must_v be_v great_a or_o better_a than_o the_o other_o or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v equal_a and_o then_o he_o can_v call_v it_o a_o mix_a monarchy_n where_o only_o a_o primity_n of_o share_n in_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v in_o one_o but_o by_o his_o own_o confession_n he_o may_v better_o call_v it_o a_o mix_a aristocracy_n or_o mix_v democracy_n than_o a_o mix_a monarchy_n since_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o house_n of_o 56._o parliament_n sure_o have_v two_o part_n of_o the_o great_a legislative_a authority_n and_o if_o the_o king_n have_v but_o a_o three_o part_n sure_a their_o share_n be_v equal_a the_o first_o step_v our_o author_n make_v be_v this_o the_o sovereign_a power_n must_v be_v original_o in_o all_o three_o next_o he_o find_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o equality_n of_o share_n in_o three_o estate_n there_o can_v be_v no_o ground_n to_o denominate_v a_o monarch_n and_o then_o his_o mix_a monarch_n may_v be_v think_v but_o a_o empty_a title_n therefore_o in_o the_o three_o place_n he_o resolve_v we_o that_o to_o salve_v all_o a_o power_n must_v be_v seek_v out_o wherewith_o the_o monarch_n 25._o must_v be_v invest_v which_o be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o to_o destroy_v the_o mixture_n nor_o so_o titular_a as_o to_o destroy_v the_o monarchy_n and_o therefore_o he_o conceive_v it_o may_v be_v in_o these_o particular_n first_o a_o monarch_n in_o a_o mix_a monarchy_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o monarch_n as_o he_o conceive_v 26._o if_o he_o be_v the_o head_n and_o fountain_n of_o the_o power_n which_o govern_v and_o execute_v the_o establish_a law_n that_o be_v a_o man_n may_v be_v a_o monarch_n though_o he_o do_v but_o give_v power_n to_o other_o to_o govern_v and_o execute_v the_o establish_a law_n thus_o he_o bring_v his_o monarch_n one_o step_n or_o peg_v lower_v still_o than_o he_o be_v before_o at_o first_o he_o make_v we_o believe_v his_o monarch_n shall_v have_v the_o supreme_a power_n which_o be_v the_o legislative_a then_o he_o fall_v from_o that_o and_o tell_v we_o a_o limit_a monarch_n must_v govern_v according_a to_o law_n only_o thus_o he_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o legislative_a to_o the_o gubernative_a or_o executive_a power_n only_o nor_o do_v he_o stay_v here_o but_o be_v take_v a_o hole_n low_o for_o now_o he_o must_v not_o govern_v but_o he_o must_v constitute_v officer_n to_o govern_v by_o law_n if_o choose_v officer_n to_o govern_v be_v govern_v than_o our_o author_n will_v allow_v his_o monarch_n to_o be_v a_o governor_n not_o else_o and_o therefore_o he_o that_o divide_v supreme_a power_n into_o legislative_a and_o gubernative_a do_v now_o divide_v it_o into_o legislative_a and_o power_n of_o constitute_v officer_n for_o govern_v by_o law_n and_o this_o he_o say_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o monarch_n indeed_o you_o have_v leave_v he_o a_o fair_a portion_n of_o power_n but_o be_v we_o sure_a
sovereignty_n or_o power_n absolute_a except_o such_o condition_n annex_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v direct_o comprehend_v within_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n albeit_o by_o the_o sufferance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n be_v sometime_o determine_v by_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n yet_o all_o the_o estate_n remain_v in_o full_a subjection_n to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v no_o way_n bind_v to_o follow_v their_o advice_n neither_o to_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o law_n privilege_n and_o grant_n of_o prince_n have_v no_o force_n but_o during_o their_o life_n if_o they_o be_v not_o ratify_v by_o the_o express_a consent_n or_o by_o sufferance_n of_o the_o prince_n follow_v especial_o privilege_n much_o less_o shall_v a_o prince_n be_v bind_v unto_o the_o law_n he_o make_v himself_o for_o a_o man_n may_v well_o receive_v a_o law_n from_o another_o man_n but_o impossible_a it_o be_v in_o nature_n for_o to_o give_v a_o law_n unto_o himself_o no_o more_o than_o it_o be_v to_o command_v a_o man_n self_n in_o a_o matter_n depend_v of_o his_o own_o will_n the_o law_n say_v nulla_fw-la obligatio_fw-la consistere_fw-la potest_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la voluntate_fw-la promittentis_fw-la statum_fw-la capit_fw-la the_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v derogate_v unto_o the_o law_n that_o he_o have_v promise_v and_o swear_v to_o keep_v if_o the_o equity_n thereof_o be_v cease_v and_o that_o of_o himself_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o majesty_n of_o a_o true_a sovereign_a prince_n be_v to_o be_v know_v when_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o the_o people_n assemble_v in_o all_o humility_n present_v their_o request_n and_o supplication_n to_o their_o prince_n without_o have_v power_n in_o any_o thing_n to_o command_v determine_v or_o give_v voice_n but_o that_o that_o which_o it_o please_v the_o king_n to_o like_v or_o dislike_v to_o command_v or_o bid_v be_v hold_v for_o law_n wherein_o they_o which_o have_v write_v of_o the_o duty_n of_o magistrate_n have_v deceive_v themselves_o in_o maintain_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n be_v great_a than_o the_o prince_n a_o thing_n which_o cause_v oft_o true_a subject_n to_o revolt_v from_o their_o obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n and_o minister_v matter_n of_o great_a trouble_n in_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o their_o opinion_n there_o be_v neither_o reason_n nor_o ground_n for_o if_o the_o king_n be_v subject_a unto_o the_o assembly_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o people_n he_o shall_v neither_o be_v king_n nor_o sovereign_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n neither_o realm_n nor_o monarchy_n but_o a_o mere_a aristocracy_n so_o we_o see_v the_o principal_a point_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n and_o absolute_a power_n to_o consist_v principal_o in_o give_v law_n unto_o the_o subject_n in_o general_a without_o their_o consent_n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o to_o confound_v the_o state_n of_o monarchy_n with_o the_o popular_a or_o aristocratical_a estate_n be_v a_o thing_n impossible_a and_o in_o effect_n incompatible_a and_o such_o as_o can_v be_v imagine_v for_o sovereignty_n be_v of_o itself_o indivisible_a how_o can_v it_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o one_o prince_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o people_n in_o common_a the_o first_o mark_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n be_v to_o be_v of_o power_n to_o give_v law_n and_o to_o command_v over_o they_o unto_o the_o subject_n and_o who_o shall_v those_o subject_n be_v that_o shall_v yield_v their_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n if_o they_o shall_v have_v also_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n who_o shall_v he_o be_v that_o can_v give_v the_o law_n be_v himself_o constrain_v to_o receive_v it_o of_o they_o unto_o who_o himself_o give_v it_o so_o that_o of_o necessity_n we_o must_v conclude_v that_o as_o no_o one_o in_o particular_a have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n in_o such_o a_o state_n that_o then_o the_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o state_n popular_fw-la never_a any_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v make_v of_o a_o aristocracy_n and_o popular_a estate_n much_o less_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o a_o common-weal_n such_o state_n wherein_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v divide_v be_v not_o right_o to_o be_v call_v common-weal_n but_o rather_o the_o corruption_n of_o commonweal_n as_o herodotus_n have_v most_o brief_o but_o true_o write_v common-weal_n which_o change_v their_o state_n the_o sovereign_n right_a and_o power_n of_o they_o be_v divide_v find_v no_o rest_n from_o civil_a war_n and_o broil_n till_o they_o again_o recover_v some_o one_o of_o the_o three_o form_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v whole_o in_o one_o of_o the_o state_n or_o other_o where_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o subject_n in_o that_o confusion_n of_o state_n there_o be_v still_o endless_a stir_n and_o quarrel_n for_o the_o superiority_n until_o that_o some_o one_o some_o few_o or_o all_o together_o have_v get_v the_o sovereignty_n id._n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o this_o judgement_n of_o bodin_n touch_v limit_v and_o mix_v monarchy_n be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o our_o author_n nor_o yet_o of_o the_o observator_fw-la who_o use_v the_o strength_n of_o his_o wit_n to_o overthrow_v absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a government_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o main_a body_n of_o his_o discourse_n le_fw-fr we_o fall_v such_o truth_n from_o his_o pen_n as_o give_v a_o deadly_a wound_n to_o the_o cause_n he_o plead_v for_o if_o they_o be_v indifferent_o weigh_v and_o consider_v i_o will_v not_o pick_v a_o line_n or_o two_o here_o and_o there_o to_o wrest_v against_o he_o but_o will_v present_v a_o whole_a page_n of_o his_o book_n or_o more_o together_o that_o so_o we_o may_v have_v a_o entire_a prospect_n upon_o the_o observator_n mind_n without_o society_n say_v the_o observator_fw-la man_n can_v not_o live_v without_o law_n man_n can_v not_o be_v sociable_a and_o without_o authority_n somewhere_o to_o judge_v according_a to_o law_n law_n be_v vain_a it_o be_v soon_o therefore_o provide_v that_o law_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n shall_v be_v ratify_v by_o common_a consent_n when_o it_o afterward_o appear_v that_o man_n be_v yet_o subject_a to_o unnatural_a destruction_n by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o entrust_v magistrate_n a_o mischief_n almost_o as_o fatal_a as_o to_o be_v without_o all_o magistracy_n how_o to_o provide_v a_o wholesome_a remedy_n therefore_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o be_v invent_v it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o invent_v law_n for_o the_o limit_v of_o supreme_a governor_n but_o to_o invent_v how_o those_o law_n shall_v be_v execute_v or_o by_o who_o interpret_v be_v almost_o impossible_a nam_fw-la quis_fw-la custodiet_fw-la ipsos_fw-la custodes_fw-la to_o place_v a_o superior_a above_o a_o supreme_a be_v hold_v unnatural_a yet_o what_o a_o lifeless_a thing_n will_v law_n be_v without_o any_o judge_n to_o determine_v and_o force_v it_o if_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o limit_n shall_v be_v prefix_v to_o prince_n and_o judge_n to_o decree_v according_a to_o those_o limit_n yet_o another_o inconvenience_n will_v present_o affront_v we_o for_o we_o can_v restrain_v prince_n too_o far_o but_o we_o shall_v disable_v they_o from_o some_o good_a long_o it_o be_v ere_o the_o world_n can_v extricate_v itself_o out_o of_o all_o these_o extremity_n or_o find_v out_o a_o orderly_a mean_n whereby_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o unbounded_a prerogative_n on_o this_o hand_n and_o to_o excessive_a liberty_n on_o the_o other_o and_o scarce_o have_v long_a experience_n yet_o full_o satisfy_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n in_o it_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n when_o man_n be_v not_o so_o artificial_a and_o obdurate_a in_o cruelty_n and_o oppression_n as_o now_o and_o policy_n most_o rude_a most_o nation_n do_v choose_v rather_o to_o subject_v themselves_o to_o the_o mere_a discretion_n of_o their_o lord_n than_o rely_v upon_o any_o limit_n and_o so_o be_v rule_v by_o arbitrary_a edict_n than_o write_v statute_n but_o since_o tyranny_n be_v more_o exquisite_a and_o policy_n more_o perfect_a especial_o where_o learning_n and_o religion_n flourish_v few_o nation_n will_v endure_v the_o thraldom_n which_o usual_o accompany_v unbounded_a and_o unconditionate_n royalty_n yet_o long_o it_o be_v ere_o the_o bound_n and_o condition_n of_o supreme_a lord_n be_v so_o wise_o determine_v or_o quiet_o conserve_v as_o now_o they_o be_v for_o at_o first_o when_o as_o ephori_fw-la tribuni_fw-la curatores_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v erect_v to_o poise_v against_o the_o scale_n of_o sovereignty_n much_o blood_n be_v shed_v about_o they_o and_o state_n be_v put_v into_o new_a broil_n by_o they_o and_o some_o place_n
the_o remedy_n prove_v worse_a than_o the_o disease_n in_o all_o great_a distress_n the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n be_v ever_o constrain_v to_o rise_v and_o by_o force_n of_o the_o major_a party_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o intestine_a strife_n and_o make_v a_o redress_n of_o all_o public_a grievance_n but_o many_o time_n calamity_n grow_v to_o a_o strange_a height_n before_o so_o cumbersome_a a_o body_n can_v be_v raise_v and_o when_o it_o be_v raise_v the_o motion_n of_o it_o be_v so_o distract_v and_o irregular_a that_o after_o much_o spoil_n and_o effusion_n of_o blood_n sometime_o only_o one_o tyranny_n be_v exchange_v for_o another_o till_o some_o be_v invent_v to_o regulate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o people_n moliminous_a body_n i_o think_v arbitrary_a rule_n be_v most_o safe_a for_o the_o world_n but_o now_o since_o most_o country_n have_v find_v a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a assembly_n whereby_o the_o people_n may_v assume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a without_o disturbance_n to_o itself_o or_o injury_n to_o prince_n he_o be_v very_o unjust_a that_o will_v oppose_v this_o art_n or_o order_n that_o prince_n may_v not_o be_v now_o beyond_o all_o limit_n and_o law_n nor_o yet_o to_o be_v tie_v upon_o those_o limit_n by_o any_o private_a party_n the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n shall_v convene_v to_o do_v justice_n and_o that_o the_o convention_n may_v not_o be_v without_o intelligence_n certain_a time_n and_o place_n and_o form_n shall_v be_v appoint_v for_o its_o reglement_n and_o that_o the_o vastness_n of_o its_o own_o bulk_n may_v not_o breed_v confusion_n by_o virtue_n of_o election_n and_o representation_n a_o few_o shall_v act_v for_o many_o the_o wise_a shall_v consent_v for_o the_o simple_a the_o virtue_n of_o all_o shall_v redound_v to_o some_o and_o the_o prudence_n of_o some_o shall_v redound_v to_o all_o and_o sure_o as_o this_o admirably-composed_n court_n which_o be_v now_o call_v a_o parliament_n be_v more_o regular_o and_o orderly_o form_v than_o when_o it_o be_v call_v much_o synod_n of_o wittena-gemot_a or_o when_o this_o real_a body_n of_o the_o people_n do_v throng_v together_o at_o it_o so_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o perhaps_o without_o some_o defect_n which_o by_o art_n and_o policy_n may_v receive_v far_a amendment_n some_o division_n have_v spring_v up_o of_o late_a between_o both_o house_n and_o some_o between_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n by_o reason_n of_o incertainty_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o some_o lawyer_n doubt_v how_o far_o the_o parliament_n be_v able_a to_o create_v new_a form_n and_o precedent_n and_o have_v a_o jurisdiction_n over_o itself_o all_o these_o doubt_n will_v be_v solemn_o solve_v but_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o true_a privilege_n of_o parliament_n belong_v not_o only_o to_o the_o be_v and_o efficacy_n of_o it_o but_o to_o the_o honour_n and_o compliment_n of_o it_o will_v be_v clear_o declare_v for_o the_o very_a name_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n as_o if_o they_o be_v chimaera_n to_o the_o ignorant_a sort_n and_o utter_o unknown_a unto_o the_o learned_a have_v be_v entertain_v with_o scorn_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o parliament_n in_o this_o large_a passage_n take_v out_o of_o the_o observator_fw-la which_o concern_v the_o original_a of_o all_o government_n two_o notable_a proposition_n may_v be_v principal_o observe_v first_o our_o observator_fw-la confess_v arbitrary_a or_o absolute_a government_n to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o safe_a government_n for_o the_o world_n second_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o jurisdiction_n be_v uncertain_a and_o the_o privilege_n not_o clear_o declare_v of_o limit_a monarchy_n these_o two_o evident_a truth_n deliver_v by_o he_o he_o labour_v main_o to_o disguise_n he_o seem_v to_o insinuate_v that_o arbitrary_a government_n be_v but_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n for_o so_o he_o term_v it_o but_o if_o we_o inquire_v of_o he_o how_o long_o he_o will_v have_v this_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n to_o last_v he_o grant_v it_o continue_v above_o three_o thousand_o year_n which_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a time_n for_o the_o world_n to_o continue_v underage_n for_o the_o first_o opposer_n he_o do_v find_v of_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v the_o ephori_fw-la tribuni_fw-la curatores_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o ephori_fw-la be_v above_o three_o thousand_o year_n after_o the_o creation_n and_o the_o tribuni_fw-la be_v late_a as_o for_o his_o curatores_fw-la i_o know_v not_o who_o he_o mean_v except_o the_o master_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n i_o can_v english_fw-fr the_o word_n curator_n better_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o he_o can_v show_v that_o any_o curatores_fw-la or_o &_o cetera_fw-la which_o he_o mention_n be_v so_o ancient_a as_o the_o ephori_fw-la as_o for_o the_o tribuni_fw-la he_o mistake_v much_o if_o he_o think_v they_o be_v erect_v to_o limit_v and_o bind_v monarchy_n for_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n be_v at_o the_o least_o aristocratical_a as_o they_o call_v it_o if_o not_o popular_a when_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n be_v first_o hatch_v and_o for_o the_o ephori_fw-la their_o power_n do_v not_o limit_v or_o regulate_v monarchy_n but_o quite_o take_v it_o away_o for_o a_o lacedaemonian_a king_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o aristotle_n be_v no_o king_n indeed_o but_o in_o name_n only_o as_o generalissimo_n of_o a_o army_n and_o the_o best_a politician_n reckon_v the_o spartan_a commonwealth_n to_o have_v be_v aristocratical_a and_o not_o monarchical_a and_o if_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n can_v be_v find_v in_o lacedaemon_n i_o doubt_v our_o observator_fw-la will_v hardly_o find_v it_o any_o where_o else_o in_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o in_o substance_n he_o confess_v as_o much_o when_o he_o say_v now_o most_o country_n have_v find_v out_o a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a assembly_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n but_o new_a do_v and_o not_o before_o for_o so_o the_o word_n now_o do_v import_n the_o observator_fw-la in_o confess_v the_o jurisdiction_n to_o be_v incertain_a and_o the_o privilege_n undetermined_a of_o that_o court_n that_o shall_v bound_v and_o limit_v monarchy_n do_v in_o effect_n acknowledge_v there_o be_v no_o such_o court_n at_o all_o for_o every_o court_n consist_v of_o jurisdiction_n and_o privilege_n it_o be_v these_o two_o that_o create_v a_o court_n and_o be_v the_o essential_o of_o it_o if_o the_o admirable_o compose_a court_n of_o parliament_n have_v some_o defect_n which_o may_v receive_v amendment_n as_o he_o say_v and_o if_o those_o defect_n be_v such_o as_o cause_v division_n both_o between_o the_o house_n and_o between_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n and_o these_o division_n be_v about_o so_o main_a a_o matter_n as_o jurisdiction_n and_o privilege_n and_o power_n to_o create_v new_a privilege_n all_o which_o be_v the_o fundamental_o of_o every_o court_n for_o until_o they_o be_v agree_v upon_o the_o act_n of_o every_o court_n may_v not_o only_o be_v uncertain_a but_o invalid_a and_o cause_n of_o tumult_n and_o sedition_n and_o if_o all_o these_o doubt_n and_o division_n have_v need_v to_o be_v solemn_o solve_v as_o our_o observator_fw-la confess_v then_o he_o have_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o to_o say_v that_o now_o the_o condition_n of_o supreme_a lord_n be_v wise_o determine_v and_o quiet_o conserve_v or_o that_o now_o most_o country_n have_v find_v out_o a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a affair_n whereby_o the_o people_n may_v resume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a without_o injury_n unto_o prince_n for_o how_o can_v the_o underive_v majesty_n of_o the_o people_n by_o assume_v its_o own_o power_n tell_v how_o to_o do_v herself_o right_n or_o how_o to_o avoid_v do_v injury_n to_o the_o prince_n if_o her_o jurisdiction_n be_v uncertain_a and_o privilege_n undetermined_a he_o tell_v we_o now_o most_o country_n have_v find_v a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a assembly_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o prince_n may_v not_o be_v now_o beyond_o all_o limit_n and_o law_n the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n shall_v convene_v to_o do_v justice._n but_o he_o do_v not_o name_n so_o much_o as_o one_o country_n or_o kingdom_n that_o have_v find_v out_o this_o art_n where_o the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n do_v ever_o convene_v to_o do_v justice_n i_o challenge_v he_o or_o any_o other_o for_o he_o to_o name_v but_o one_o kingdom_n that_o have_v either_o now_o or_o heretofore_o find_v out_o this_o art_n or_o peaceable_a order_n we_o do_v hear_v a_o great_a rumour_n in_o this_o age_n of_o moderate_v and_o limit_v king_n poland_n sweden_n and_o denmark_n be_v talk_v of_o for_o such_o and_o in_o these_o kingdom_n or_o nowhere_o be_v such_o a_o moderate_v government_n as_o our_o observator_fw-la mean_n to_o be_v find_v
i_o read_v that_o the_o senator_n who_o be_v all_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o seldom_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o 28_o with_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o realm_n do_v choose_v their_o king_n they_o have_v always_o in_o a_o manner_n set_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n upon_o the_o royal_a throne_n the_o nobility_n of_o denmark_n withstand_v the_o coronation_n of_o frederick_n 1559_o till_o he_o swear_v not_o to_o put_v any_o nobleman_n to_o death_n until_o he_o be_v judge_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o that_o all_o nobleman_n shall_v have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n over_o their_o subject_n without_o appeal_n and_o the_o king_n to_o give_v no_o office_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o council_n there_o be_v a_o chancellor_n of_o the_o realm_n before_o who_o they_o do_v appeal_v from_o all_o the_o province_n and_o island_n and_o from_o he_o to_o the_o king_n himself_o i_o hear_v of_o nothing_o in_o this_o kingdom_n that_o tend_v to_o popularity_n no_o assembly_n of_o the_o commons_o no_o election_n or_o representation_n of_o they_o sweden_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o king_n heretofore_o elective_a but_o now_o make_v hereditary_a in_o gustavus_n time_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o province_n a_o appeal_n lie_v from_o the_o viscount_n of_o every_o territory_n to_o a_o sovereign_a judge_n call_v a_o lamen_n from_o the_o lament_n to_o the_o king_n council_n and_o from_o this_o council_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o now_o let_v the_o observator_fw-la bethink_v himself_n whether_o all_o or_o any_o of_o these_o three_o country_n have_v find_v out_o any_o art_n at_o all_o whereby_o the_o people_n or_o community_n may_v assume_v its_o own_o power_n if_o neither_o of_o these_o kingdom_n have_v most_o country_n have_v not_o nay_o none_o have_v the_o people_n or_o community_n in_o these_o three_o realm_n be_v as_o absolute_a vassal_n as_o any_o in_o the_o world_n the_o regulate_a power_n if_o any_o be_v be_v in_o the_o nobility_n nor_o be_v it_o such_o in_o the_o nobility_n as_o it_o make_v show_v for_o the_o election_n of_o king_n be_v rather_o a_o formality_n than_o any_o real_a power_n for_o they_o dare_v hardly_o choose_v any_o but_o the_o heir_n or_o one_o of_o the_o blood_n royal_a if_o they_o shall_v choose_v one_o among_o the_o nobility_n it_o will_v prove_v very_o factious_a if_o a_o stranger_n odious_a neither_o safe_a for_o the_o government_n though_o the_o king_n be_v swear_v to_o reign_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o be_v not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o council_n in_o public_a affair_n yet_o in_o regard_n they_o have_v power_n both_o to_o advance_v and_o reward_v who_o they_o please_v the_o nobility_n and_o senator_n do_v comply_v with_o their_o king_n and_o boterus_n conclude_v of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o moderate_v that_o such_o as_o be_v their_o valour_n dexterity_n and_o wisdom_n such_o be_v their_o power_n authority_n and_o government_n also_o bodin_n say_v that_o these_o three_o kingdom_n be_v state_n changeable_a and_o uncertain_a as_o the_o nobility_n be_v strong_a than_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o prince_n than_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o people_n be_v so_o far_o from_o liberty_n that_o he_o say_v divers_a particular_a lord_n exact_v not_o only_a custom_n but_o tribute_n also_o which_o be_v confirm_v and_o grow_v strong_a both_o by_o long_a prescription_n of_o time_n and_o use_v of_o judgement_n the_o end_n a_o advertisement_n to_o the_o juryman_n of_o england_n touch_v witch_n advertisement_n to_o the_o juryman_n of_o england_n the_o late_a executon_n of_o witch_n at_o the_o summer_n assize_n in_o kent_n occasion_v this_o brief_a exercitation_n which_o address_v itself_o to_o such_o as_o have_v not_o deliberate_o think_v upon_o the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o discover_v what_o or_o who_o a_o witch_n be_v to_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o public_a faith_n of_o the_o present_a age_n be_v none_o of_o the_o best_a evidence_n unless_o the_o universality_n of_o elder_a time_n do_v concur_v with_o these_o doctrine_n which_o ignorance_n in_o the_o time_n of_o darkness_n bring_v forth_o and_o credulity_n in_o these_o day_n of_o light_n have_v continue_v such_o as_o shall_v not_o be_v please_v with_o this_o tractate_n be_v leave_v to_o their_o liberty_n to_o consider_v whether_o all_o those_o proof_n and_o presumption_n number_v up_o by_o mr._n perkins_n for_o the_o conviction_n of_o a_o witch_n be_v not_o all_o condemn_a or_o confess_v by_o himself_o to_o be_v unsufficient_a or_o uncertain_a he_o bring_v no_o less_o than_o eighteen_o sign_n or_o proof_n whereby_o a_o witch_n may_v be_v discover_v which_o be_v too_o many_o to_o be_v all_o true_a his_o seven_o first_o he_o himself_o confess_v to_o be_v insufficient_a for_o conviction_n of_o a_o witch_n his_o eight_o next_o proof_n which_o he_o say_v man_n in_o place_n have_v use_v he_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v false_a or_o insufficient_a thus_o of_o his_o eighteen_o proof_n which_o make_v a_o great_a show_n fifteen_o of_o they_o be_v cast_v off_o by_o himself_o there_o remain_v then_o his_o sixteen_o which_o be_v the_o confession_n of_o a_o witch_n yet_o present_o he_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v that_o a_o bare_a confession_n be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a proof_n and_o so_o he_o come_v to_o his_o seventeen_o proof_n which_o be_v two_o credible_a witness_n and_o he_o here_o grant_v that_o the_o league_n between_o the_o devil_n and_o the_o witch_n be_v close_o make_v and_o the_o practice_n of_o witch_n be_v very_o secret_a that_o hardly_o a_o man_n can_v be_v bring_v which_o upon_o his_o own_o knowledge_n can_v aver_v such_o thing_n therefore_o at_o last_o when_o all_o other_o proof_n fail_v he_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v to_o his_o eighteen_o proof_n and_o tell_v we_o that_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o way_n to_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o witch_n which_o be_v that_o satan_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o discover_v a_o witch_n which_o how_o it_o can_v be_v well_o do_v except_o the_o devil_n be_v bind_v over_o to_o give_v in_o evidence_n against_o the_o witch_n can_v be_v understand_v and_o as_o mr._n perkins_n weaken_v and_o discredit_v all_o his_o own_o proof_n so_o he_o do_v the_o like_a for_o all_o those_o of_o king_n james_n who_o as_o i_o remember_v have_v but_o three_o argument_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o a_o witch_n first_o the_o secret_a mark_n of_o a_o witch_n of_o which_o mr._n perkins_n say_v it_o have_v no_o power_n by_o god_n ordinance_n second_o the_o discovery_n by_o a_o fellow_n witch_n this_o mr._n perkins_n by_o no_o mean_n will_v allow_v to_o be_v a_o good_a proof_n three_o the_o swim_n of_o a_o witch_n who_o be_v to_o be_v fling_v across_o way_n into_o the_o water_n that_o be_v as_o wierus_n interpret_v it_o when_o the_o thumb_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v bind_v to_o the_o great_a toe_n of_o the_o left_a foot_n and_o the_o thumb_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o the_o great_a toe_n of_o the_o right_a foot_n against_o this_o trial_n by_o water_n together_o with_o a_o disability_n in_o a_o witch_n to_o shed_v tear_n which_o king_n james_n mention_n delrio_n and_o mr._n perkins_n both_o argue_v for_o it_o seem_v they_o both_o write_v after_o king_n james_n who_o put_v forth_o his_o book_n of_o daemonologie_n in_o his_o youth_n be_v in_o scotland_n about_o his_o age_n of_o thirty_o year_n it_o concern_v the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o be_v more_o diligent_o instruct_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o witchcraft_n than_o those_o of_o foreign_a country_n because_o here_o they_o be_v tie_v to_o a_o strict_a or_o exacter_n rule_n in_o give_v their_o sentence_n than_o other_o be_v for_o all_o of_o they_o must_v agree_v in_o their_o verdict_n which_o in_o a_o case_n of_o extreme_a difficulty_n be_v very_o dangerous_a and_o it_o be_v a_o sad_a thing_n for_o man_n to_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n that_o they_o must_v hazard_v their_o conscience_n or_o their_o life_n a_o difference_n between_o a_o english_a and_o hebrew_a witch_z the_o point_n in_o question_n be_v brief_o this_o whether_o such_o a_o witch_n as_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o land_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o the_o witch_n forbid_v by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n the_o witch_n condemn_v by_o our_o statute-law_n be_v 1_o jacob_n cap._n 12._o one_o that_o shall_v use_v practice_n or_o exercise_v any_o invocation_n or_o conjuration_n of_o any_o evil_a or_o wicked_a spirit_n or_o consult_v covenant_n with_o entertain_v or_o employ_v feed_v or_o reward_v any_o evil_a or_o wicked_a spirit_n to_o or_o for_o any_o intent_n or_o purpose_n or_o take_v up_o any_o dead_a man_n woman_n or_o child_n out_o of_o he_o her_z or_o their_o grave_n or_o any_o other_o place_n where_o the_o dead_a body_n rest_v or_o the_o
statute_n to_o the_o king_n mere_a will_n and_o pleasure_n as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o law_n at_o all_o i_o will_v offer_v a_o few_o precedent_n to_o the_o point_n 3_o edw._n 1._o c._n 9_o say_v that_o sheriff_n coroner_n aâ—…_n bailiff_n for_o conceal_v of_o felony_n shall_v make_v grievoâ—…_n fines_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 13._o ordain_v that_o such_o as_o be_v find_v culpablâ—…_n of_o ravish_v of_o woman_n shall_v fine_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 15._o say_v the_o penalty_n for_o detain_v a_o prisoâ—…er_a that_o be_v mainpernable_a be_v a_o fine_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n or_o a_o grievous_a amercement_n to_o the_o king_n and_o he_o thâ—…_n shall_v take_v reward_n for_o deliverance_n of_o such_o shall_v be_v at_o thâ—…_n great_a mercy_n of_o the_o king_n chap._n 20._o offender_n in_o park_n or_o pond_n shall_v maâ—…_n fines_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 25._o committer_n of_o champerty_n and_o extortioner_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 31._o purveyor_n not_o pay_v for_o what_o they_o takâ—…_n shall_v be_v grievous_o punish_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 32._o the_o king_n shall_v punish_v grievous_o the_o sheriff_n and_o he_o that_o do_v maintain_v quarrel_n chap._n 37._o the_o king_n shall_v grant_v attaint_n in_o plea_n of_o land_n where_o it_o shall_v seem_v to_o he_o necessary_a 7_o edw._n 1._o say_v whereas_o of_o late_a before_o certain_a person_n depute_v to_o treat_v upon_o debate_n between_o we_o and_o certain_a great_a man_n it_o be_v accord_v that_o in_o our_o next_o parliament_n provision_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o we_o and_o the_o common_a assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n that_o in_o all_o parliament_n for_o ever_o every_o man_n shall_v come_v without_o force_n and_o armour_n and_o now_o in_o our_o next_o parliament_n the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o commonalty_n have_v say_v that_o to_o we_o it_o belong_v through_o our_o royal_a signory_n strait_o to_o defend_v force_n of_o armour_n at_o all_o time_n when_o it_o shall_v please_v we_o and_o to_o punish_v they_o which_o shall_v do_v otherwise_o and_o hereunto_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o aid_v we_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v 13_o edw._n 1._o taker_n away_o of_o nun_n from_o religious_a house_n fine_v at_o the_o king_n will._n if_o by_o the_o default_n of_o the_o lord_n that_o will_v not_o avoid_v the_o dike_n underwoods_n and_o bush_n in_o highway_n murder_n be_v do_v the_o lord_n shall_v make_v fine_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 28_o edw._n 1._o if_o a_o goldsmith_n be_v attaint_v for_o not_o assay_v touch_v and_o work_v vessel_n of_o gold_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 2_o hen._n 4._o the_o commons_o desire_v they_o may_v have_v answer_n of_o their_o petition_n before_o the_o gift_n of_o any_o subsidy_n to_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v he_o will_v confer_v with_o the_o lord_n and_o do_v what_o shall_v be_v best_o according_a to_o their_o adâ—…ice_n and_o the_o last_o day_n of_o parliament_n he_o give_v this_o anâ—…er_n that_o that_o manner_n of_o do_v have_v not_o be_v see_v nor_o use_v in_o no_o time_n of_o his_o progenitor_n or_o predecessor_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v any_o answer_n of_o then_o petition_n or_o knowledge_n of_o it_o before_o they_o have_v show_v and_o finish_v all_o their_o other_o business_n of_o parliament_n be_v it_o of_o any_o grant_n business_n or_o otherwise_o and_o therefore_o the_o king_n will_v not_o in_o any_o way_n change_v the_o good_a custom_n and_o usage_n make_v and_o use_v of_o ancient_a time_n 5_o hen._n 4._o c._n 6._o whereas_o one_o savage_a do_v beat_n and_o maim_v one_o richard_n chedder_n esquire_n menial_a servanâ—…_n to_o tho._n brook_n knight_n of_o the_o shire_n for_o somersetshire_n the_o statute_n say_v savage_n shall_v make_v fine_a and_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 8_o hen._n 4._o it_o be_v say_v potestas_fw-la principis_fw-la non_fw-fr est_fw-la inclusa_fw-la legibus_fw-la the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o include_v in_o the_o law_n 13_o hen._n 4._o nu_fw-la 20._o we_o read_v of_o a_o restitution_n iâ—…_n blood_n and_o land_n of_o william_n lasenby_n by_o the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o commons_o omit_v the_o lord_n temporal_a 2_o hen._n 5._o in_o a_o law_n make_v there_o be_v a_o clause_n that_o it_o be_v the_o king_n regalty_n to_o grant_v or_o deny_v such_o of_o their_o petition_n as_o please_v himself_o 6_o hen._n 6._o c._n 6._o a_o ordinance_n be_v make_v for_o to_o endure_v as_o long_o as_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o king_n 11_o hen._n 7._o c._n 1._o have_v this_o law_n the_o king_n oâ—…_n sovereign_a lord_n call_v to_o his_o remembrance_n the_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n of_o his_o subject_n of_o this_o his_o realm_n and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o same_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o serve_v their_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n for_o the_o time_n be_v in_o his_o war_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o he_o and_o the_o land_n against_o every_o rebellion_n power_n and_o may_v rear_v against_o he_o and_o with_o he_o to_o enter_v and_o abide_v in_o service_n in_o battle_n if_o case_n so_o require_v and_o that_o for_o the_o same_o service_n what_o fortune_n ever_o fall_v by_o chance_n in_o the_o same_o battle_n against_o the_o mind_n and_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o in_o this_o land_n some_o time_n past_a have_v be_v see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a but_o against_o all_o law_n reason_n and_o good_a conscience_n that_o the_o say_v subject_n go_v with_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n in_o war_n attend_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o person_n or_o be_v in_o other_o place_n by_o his_o commandment_n within_o the_o land_n or_o without_o any_o thing_n shall_v lose_v or_o forfeit_v for_o do_v their_o true_a duty_n and_o service_n of_o allegiance_n be_v it_o therefore_o enact_v that_o no_o person_n that_o shall_v attend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o do_v he_o true_a service_n shall_v be_v attaint_v therefore_o of_o treason_n or_o any_o other_o offence_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o otherwise_o also_o the_o 18_o chap._n of_o the_o same_o year_n say_v where_o every_o subject_a by_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o allegiance_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v and_o assist_v his_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v and_o bind_v to_o give_v attendance_n upon_o his_o royal_a person_n to_o defend_v the_o same_o when_o he_o shall_v fortune_n to_o go_v in_o person_n in_o war_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o against_o his_o rebel_n and_o enemy_n for_o the_o subdue_a and_o repress_v of_o they_o and_o their_o malicious_a purpose_n christopher_n wray_n sergeant_n at_o law_n choose_a speaker_n 13_o eliz._n in_o his_o speech_n to_o her_o majesty_n say_v that_o for_o the_o orderly_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n three_o thing_n be_v necessary_a 1._o religion_n 2._o authority_n 3._o law_n by_o the_o first_o we_o be_v teach_v not_o only_o our_o duty_n to_o god_n but_o to_o obey_v the_o queen_n and_o that_o not_o only_o in_o temporal_n but_o in_o spiritual_n in_o which_o her_o power_n be_v absolute_a mr._n grivel_v in_o the_o 35_o eliz._n say_v in_o parliament_n he_o â—…ished_v not_o the_o make_n of_o many_o law_n since_o the_o more_o we_o make_v the_o less_o liberty_n we_o have_v ourselves_o her_o majesty_n not_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o for_o further_a proof_n that_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o king_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o in_o ancient_a time_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v all_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v in_o form_n of_o petition_n if_o the_o petition_n be_v from_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o answer_n of_o they_o the_o king_n be_v it_o be_v easy_a thereby_o to_o judge_v who_o make_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n also_o sir_n io._n glanvil_n affirm_v that_o in_o former_a time_n the_o course_n of_o petition_v the_o king_n be_v this_o the_o lord_n and_o speaker_n either_o by_o word_n or_o write_v prefer_v their_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n this_o than_o be_v call_v the_o bill_n of_o the_o commons_o which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o king_n part_n he_o receive_v part_v he_o put_v out_o and_o part_n he_o ratify_v for_o as_o it_o come_v from_o he_o it_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o law_n also_o it_o appear_v that_o provision_n ordinance_n and_o proclamation_n make_v heretofore_o out_o of_o parliament_n have_v be_v always_o acknowledge_v for_o law_n and_o statute_n we_o have_v among_o the_o print_a statute_n chanc._n one_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o ireland_n date_v egerton_n at_o westminster_n 9_o feb._n 14_o hen._n 3._o which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o letter_n of_o the_o king_n to_o gerard_n son_n of_o
all_o that_o time_n no_o image_n or_o picture_n of_o god_n in_o any_o temple_n or_o chapel_n of_o rome_n also_o he_o erect_v the_o pontifical_a college_n and_o be_v himself_o the_o first_o bishop_n or_o pontifex_n these_o bishop_n be_v to_o render_v no_o account_n either_o to_o the_o senate_n or_o commonalty_n they_o determine_v all_o question_n concern_v religion_n as_o well_o between_o priest_n as_o between_o private_a man_n they_o punish_v inferior_a priest_n if_o they_o either_o add_v or_o detract_v from_o the_o establish_a rite_n or_o ceremony_n or_o bring_v in_o any_o new_a thing_n into_o religion_n the_o chief_a bishop_n pontifâ—…_n maximus_n teach_v every_o man_n how_o to_o honour_v and_o serve_v the_o go_n this_o care_n have_v monarchy_n of_o religion_n but_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n we_o do_v not_o find_v during_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n any_o one_o law_n make_v for_o the_o benefit_n or_o exercise_n of_o religion_n there_o be_v two_o tribunitian_a law_n concern_v religion_n but_o they_o be_v mere_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o of_o religion_n l._n papirius_n a_o tribune_n make_v a_o law_n call_v lex_fw-la papiria_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o to_o consecrate_v either_o house_n ground_n altar_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n without_o the_o determinatin_n of_o the_o people_n domitius_n aenobarbus_n another_o tribune_n enact_v a_o law_n call_v domitia_n lex_n that_o the_o pontifical_a college_n shall_v not_o as_o they_o be_v wont_a admit_v who_o they_o will_v into_o the_o order_n of_o priesthood_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n and_o because_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o their_o religion_n that_o church-dignity_n shall_v be_v bestow_v by_o the_o common_a people_n hence_o for_o very_a shame_n he_o ordain_v that_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o people_n namely_o seventeen_o tribe_n shall_v elect_v who_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o afterward_o the_o party_n elect_v shall_v have_v his_o confirmation_n or_o admission_n from_o the_o college_n thus_o by_o a_o committee_n of_o seven_o tribe_n take_v out_o of_o thirty_o five_o the_o ancient_a form_n of_o religion_n be_v alter_v and_o reduce_v to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o people_n this_o be_v the_o great_a care_n of_o the_o people_n to_o bring_v ordination_n and_o consecration_n to_o the_o laity_n the_o religion_n in_o venice_n and_o the_o low-countries_n be_v sufficient_o know_v much_o need_v not_o be_v say_v of_o they_o they_o admirable_o agree_v under_o a_o seem_a contrariety_n it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o one_o of_o they_o have_v all_o religion_n and_o the_o other_o no_o religion_n the_o atheist_n of_o venice_n may_v shake_v hand_n with_o the_o sectary_n of_o amsterdam_n this_o be_v the_o liberty_n that_o a_o popular_a estate_n can_v brag_v of_o every_o man_n may_v be_v of_o any_o religion_n or_o no_o religion_n if_o he_o please_v their_o main_a devotion_n be_v exercise_v only_o in_o oppose_v and_o suppress_v monarchy_n they_o both_o agree_v to_o exclude_v the_o clergy_n from_o meddle_v in_o government_n whereas_o in_o all_o monarchy_n both_o before_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n and_o under_o it_o and_o ever_o since_o all_o barbarian_n grecian_n roman_n infidel_n turk_n and_o indian_n have_v with_o one_o consent_n give_v such_o respect_n and_o reverence_n to_o their_o priest_n as_o to_o trust_v they_o with_o their_o law_n and_o in_o this_o our_o nation_n the_o first_o priest_n we_o read_v of_o before_o christianity_n be_v the_o druid_n who_o as_o caesar_n say_v decide_v and_o determine_v controversy_n in_o murder_n in_o case_n of_o inheritance_n of_o bound_n of_o land_n as_o they_o in_o their_o discretion_n judge_v meet_v they_o grant_v reward_n and_o punishment_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v what_o high_a respect_n even_o the_o great_a turk_n give_v to_o his_o mufti_n or_o chief_a bishop_n so_o necessary_a be_v religion_n to_o strengthen_v and_o direct_v law_n to_o consider_v of_o the_o point_n of_o peace_n it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o no_o people_n ever_o enjoy_v it_o without_o monarchy_n aristotle_n say_v the_o lacedaemonian_n preserve_v themselves_o by_o warring_n and_o after_o they_o have_v get_v to_o themselves_o the_o empire_n than_o be_v they_o present_o undo_v for_o that_o they_o can_v not_o live_v at_o rest_n nor_o do_v any_o better_a exercise_n than_o the_o exercise_n of_o war_n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o after_o rome_n have_v expel_v king_n it_o be_v in_o perpetual_a war_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n once_o only_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o janus_n shut_v after_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n but_o not_o so_o long_o as_o for_o one_o year_n but_o for_o some_o month_n it_o be_v true_a as_o orosius_n say_v that_o for_o almost_o 700_o year_n that_o be_v from_o tullus_z hostilius_n 〈◊〉_d augustus_n caesar_n only_o for_o one_o summer_n the_o bowel_n 〈◊〉_d rome_n do_v not_o sweat_v blood_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o roman_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o though_o the_o bowel_n of_o rome_n do_v always_o sweat_v blood_n yet_o they_o do_v obtain_v most_o glorious_a victory_n abroad_o but_o it_o may_v be_v true_o answer_v if_o all_o the_o roman_a conquest_n have_v no_o other_o foundation_n but_o injustice_n this_o alone_a soil_n all_o the_o glory_n of_o her_o warlike_a action_n the_o most_o glorious_a war_n that_o ever_o rome_n have_v be_v with_o carthagâ—…_n the_o beginning_n of_o which_o war_n sir_n walter_n raleigâ—…_n prove_v to_o have_v be_v most_o unjust_o undertake_v by_o the_o roman_n in_o confederate_v with_o the_o mamertine_n and_o aid_v of_o rebel_n under_o the_o title_n of_o protect_v their_o confederate_n whereas_o king_n many_o time_n may_v have_v just_a cause_n of_o war_n for_o recover_v and_o preserve_v their_o right_n to_o such_o dominion_n as_o fall_v to_o they_o by_o inheritance_n or_o marriage_n a_o popular_a estate_n that_o can_v neither_o marry_v nor_o be_v heir_n to_o another_o can_v have_v no_o such_o title_n to_o a_o war_n in_o a_o foreign_a kingdom_n and_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n if_o it_o be_v right_o consider_v the_o whole_a time_n of_o the_o popularity_n of_o rome_n the_o roman_n be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o only_a prosperous_a and_o glorious_a thief_n and_o robber_n of_o the_o world_n if_o we_o look_v more_o narrow_o into_o the_o roman_a government_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o in_o that_o very_a age_n wherein_o rome_n be_v most_o victorious_a and_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o popular_a she_o owe_v most_o of_o her_o glory_n to_o a_o apparent_a kind_n of_o monarchy_n for_o it_o be_v the_o kinghâ—…_n power_n of_o the_o consul_n who_o as_o livy_n say_v have_v the_o same_o royal_a jurisdiction_n or_o absolute_a power_n that_o the_o king_n have_v not_o any_o whit_n diminish_v or_o abate_v and_o hold_v all_o the_o same_o regal_a ensign_n of_o supreme_a dignity_n which_o help_v rome_n to_o all_o her_o conquest_n while_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n be_v struggle_v at_o home_n with_o the_o senate_n about_o election_n of_o magistrate_n enact_v of_o law_n and_o call_v to_o account_n or_o such_o other_o popular_a affair_n the_o kingly_a consul_n gain_v all_o the_o victory_n abroad_o thus_o rome_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n be_v break_v and_o distract_v into_o two_o show_n of_o government_n the_o popular_a which_o serve_v only_o to_o raise_v sedition_n and_o discord_n within_o the_o wall_n while_o the_o regal_a achieve_v the_o conquest_n of_o foreign_a nation_n and_o kingdom_n rome_n be_v so_o sensible_a of_o the_o benefit_n and_o necessity_n of_o monarchy_n that_o in_o she_o most_o desperate_a condition_n and_o danger_n when_o all_o other_o hope_v fail_v she_o she_o have_v still_o resort_v to_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o dictator_n who_o for_o the_o time_n be_v a_o absolute_a king_n and_o from_o who_o no_o appeal_n to_o the_o people_n be_v grant_v which_o be_v the_o royal_a evidence_n for_o monarchy_n in_o the_o world_n for_o they_o who_o be_v draw_v to_o swear_v they_o will_v suffer_v no_o king_n of_o rome_n find_v no_o security_n but_o in_o perjury_n and_o break_v their_o oath_n by_o admit_v the_o kingly_a power_n in_o spite_n of_o their_o tooth_n under_o a_o new_a name_n of_o a_o dictator_n or_o consul_n a_o just_a reward_n for_o their_o wanton_a expel_v their_o king_n for_o no_o other_o crime_n they_o can_v pretend_v but_o pride_n which_o be_v most_o tolerable_a in_o a_o king_n of_o all_o man_n and_o yet_o we_o find_v no_o particular_a point_n of_o pride_n charge_v upon_o he_o but_o that_o he_o enjoin_v the_o roman_n to_o labour_v in_o cleanse_v and_o cast_v of_o ditch_n and_o pave_v their_o sink_n a_o act_n both_o for_o the_o benefit_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o city_n and_o therefore_o commendable_a in_o the_o king_n but_o the_o
the_o senate_n who_o be_v never_o call_v together_o nor_o have_v their_o advice_n ask_v but_o when_o and_o in_o what_o point_v only_o it_o please_v the_o consul_n to_o propound_v so_o that_o proper_o senatus_n consultum_fw-la be_v only_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o consul_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o senator_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o consul_n when_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o have_v the_o countenance_n of_o a_o ample_a council_n they_o assemble_v the_o century_n who_o be_v reckon_v as_o the_o whole_a people_n and_o be_v never_o to_o be_v assemble_v but_o when_o the_o consul_n think_v fit_a to_o propound_v some_o business_n of_o great_a weight_n unto_o they_o so_o that_o jussus_fw-la populi_fw-la the_o command_n of_o the_o people_n which_o bodin_n so_o much_o magnify_v be_v proper_o jussus_fw-la consulum_fw-la the_o command_n of_o the_o consul_n by_o the_o advice_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n who_o be_v a_o body_n compose_v of_o the_o senator_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o patritian_n knight_n and_o gentleman_n or_o whole_a nobility_n together_o with_o the_o commons_o for_o the_o same_o man_n who_o have_v voice_n in_o senate_n have_v also_o their_o vote_n allow_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n according_a to_o their_o several_a capacity_n it_o may_v further_o appear_v that_o the_o roman_a government_n be_v never_o true_o popular_a for_o that_o in_o her_o great_a show_n of_o popularity_n there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v above_o ten_o servant_n for_o every_o citizen_n or_o freeman_n and_o of_o those_o servant_n not_o one_o of_o they_o be_v allow_v any_o place_n or_o voice_n in_o government_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o roman_a servant_n be_v slave_n take_v in_o war_n and_o therefore_o not_o fit_a to_o be_v freeman_n to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o if_o the_o opinion_n of_o our_o modern_a politician_n be_v good_a which_o hold_v that_o all_o man_n be_v bear_v free_a by_o nature_n or_o if_o but_o the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n be_v find_v who_o say_v that_o by_o nature_n some_o man_n be_v servant_n and_o some_o be_v master_n than_o it_o may_v be_v unnatural_a or_o unjust_a to_o make_v all_o prisoner_n in_o war_n servant_n or_o as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v slave_n a_o term_n not_o use_v in_o the_o popular_a government_n either_o of_o rome_n or_o greece_n for_o in_o both_o language_n the_o usual_a word_n that_o do_v answer_v to_o our_o late_a term_n of_o slave_n be_v but_o servus_n in_o latin_a and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o greek_a beside_o if_o the_o war_n of_o the_o roman_n by_o which_o they_o gain_v so_o many_o servant_n be_v unjust_a as_o i_o take_v all_o offensive_a war_n to_o be_v without_o a_o special_a commission_n from_o god_n and_o as_o i_o believe_v all_o the_o roman_a war_n be_v that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o enlargement_n of_o their_o empire_n than_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o notable_a plagiaries_n or_o menstealer_n in_o the_o world_n but_o to_o allow_v the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n who_o call_v themselves_o citizen_n to_o have_v have_v a_o just_a right_o to_o exclude_v all_o servant_n from_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n let_v we_o inquire_v whether_o the_o major_a part_n of_o those_o who_o they_o allow_v to_o be_v citizen_n have_v the_o government_n of_o rome_n whereby_o we_o may_v discover_v easy_o how_o notorious_o the_o poor_a and_o great_a part_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v gull_v of_o their_o share_n in_o government_n there_o be_v two_o famous_a manner_n of_o their_o assemble_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o first_o be_v by_o class_n as_o they_o call_v they_o which_o be_v divide_v into_o century_n the_o second_o be_v by_o tribe_n or_o ward_n the_o former_a of_o these_o be_v a_o rank_v of_o the_o people_n according_a to_o their_o ability_n or_o wealth_n the_o latter_a according_a to_o the_o place_n or_o ward_n wherein_o every_o citizen_n dwell_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o neither_o of_o these_o have_v the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o people_n the_o power_n of_o government_n as_o may_v thus_o be_v make_v appear_v first_o for_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n there_o be_v six_o degree_n or_o class_n of_o man_n according_a to_o their_o wealth_n the_o first_o classis_fw-la be_v of_o the_o rich_a man_n in_o rome_n none_o whereof_o be_v under_o 200_o l._n in_o value_v the_o valuation_n of_o the_o second_o classis_fw-la be_v not_o under_o fourscore_o pound_n and_o so_o the_o 3._o the_o 4._o and_o the_o five_o classis_fw-la be_v each_o a_o degree_n one_o under_o another_o the_o six_o classis_fw-la contain_v the_o poor_a sort_n and_o all_o the_o rabble_n these_o six_o class_n be_v subdivide_v into_o hundred_o or_o century_n  _fw-fr century_n the_o first_o classis_fw-la have_v 98_o the_o 2._o have_v 22_o the_o 3._o classis_fw-la have_v 20_o the_o 4._o have_v 22_o the_o 5._o classis_fw-la have_v 30_o the_o 6._o classis_fw-la have_v 1_n  _fw-fr 193_o the_o class_n and_o century_n be_v thus_o order_v when_o the_o assembly_n come_v to_o give_v their_o vote_n they_o do_v not_o give_v their_o voice_n by_o the_o poll_n which_o be_v the_o true_a popular_a way_n but_o each_o century_n vote_v by_o itself_o each_o century_n have_v one_o voice_n the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o century_n carry_v the_o business_n now_o there_o be_v fourscore_o and_o eighteen_o century_n in_o the_o first_o classis_fw-la in_o which_o all_o the_o patrician_n senators_z noblemen_z knight_n and_o gentleman_n of_o rome_n be_v enrol_v be_v more_o in_o number_n and_o above_o half_a the_o century_n must_v needs_o have_v the_o government_n if_o they_o agree_v all_o together_o in_o their_o vote_n because_o they_o vote_v first_o for_o when_o 97_o century_n have_v agree_v in_o their_o vote_n the_o other_o century_n of_o the_o inferior_a classis_fw-la be_v never_o call_v to_o vote_n thus_o the_o noble_n and_o rich_a man_n who_o be_v but_o few_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o common_a people_n do_v bear_v the_o chief_a sway_n because_o all_o the_o poor_a sort_n or_o proletarian_a rabble_n be_v clap_v into_o the_o six_o classis_fw-la which_o in_o reckon_n be_v allow_v but_o the_o single_a voice_n of_o one_o century_n which_o never_o come_v to_o vote_v whereas_o in_o number_n they_o do_v far_o exceed_v all_o the_o five_o other_o class_n or_o century_n and_o if_o they_o have_v be_v allow_v the_o liberty_n of_o other_o citizen_n they_o may_v have_v be_v just_o number_v for_o a_o thousand_o century_n or_o voice_n in_o the_o assembly_n this_o device_n of_o pack_v so_o many_o thousand_o into_o one_o century_n do_v exclude_v far_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n from_o have_v a_o part_n in_o the_o government_n next_o for_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o tribe_n it_o must_v be_v consider_v that_o the_o tribe_n do_v not_o give_v their_o voice_n by_o the_o poll_n altogether_o which_o be_v the_o true_a way_n of_o popular_a vote_v but_o each_o tribe_n or_o ward_n do_v vote_n by_o itself_o and_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o major_a part_n not_o of_o the_o people_n but_o of_o the_o tribe_n do_v sway_v the_o government_n the_o tribe_n be_v unequal_a as_o all_o division_n by_o ward_n usual_o be_v because_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o one_o tribe_n be_v not_o just_a the_o same_o with_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o each_o other_o tribe_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o major_a number_n of_o the_o tribe_n may_v possible_o be_v the_o minor_a number_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v a_o destroy_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o people_n add_v hereunto_o that_o the_o nobility_n of_o rome_n be_v exclude_v from_o be_v present_a at_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n and_o so_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v want_v therefore_o it_o can_v not_o be_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o people_n where_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v allow_v no_o voice_n at_o all_o for_o it_o must_v be_v the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o not_o of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o people_n that_o must_v denominate_v a_o popular_a government_n moreover_o it_o must_v be_v note_v that_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n be_v not_o original_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n for_o it_o be_v almost_o 40_o year_n after_o the_o rejection_n of_o king_n before_o a_o assembly_n of_o tribe_n be_v think_v on_o or_o speak_v of_o for_o it_o be_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n by_o century_n that_o agree_v to_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n &_o create_v of_o consul_n in_o their_o room_n also_o the_o famous_a law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o
the_o body_n of_o the_o tribune_n from_o all_o arrest_n or_o other_o violence_n they_o grow_v in_o time_n by_o degree_n to_o such_o boldness_n that_o by_o stop_v the_o legal_a proceed_n of_o the_o consul_n when_o they_o please_v to_o intercede_v they_o raise_v such_o a_o anarchy_n oft_o time_n in_o government_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v act_v and_o take_v upon_o they_o what_o power_n soever_o they_o please_v though_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o they_o this_o gallantry_n of_o the_o tribune_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o rome_n who_o be_v diligent_a pretender_n to_o liberty_n and_o the_o great_a master_n of_o this_o part_n of_o politic_n be_v think_v the_o only_a famous_a preserver_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o rome_n and_o to_o do_v they_o right_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v they_o be_v the_o only_a man_n that_o true_o understand_v the_o right_n of_o a_o negative_a voice_n if_o we_o will_v allow_v every_o man_n to_o be_v natural_o free_a till_o they_o give_v their_o consent_n to_o be_v bind_v we_o must_v allow_v every_o particular_a person_n a_o negative_a voice_n so_o that_o when_o as_o all_o have_v equal_a power_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v fellow-magistrate_n or_o officer_n each_o man_n may_v impeach_v or_o stop_v his_o fellow-officer_n in_o their_o proceed_n this_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o general_a reason_n of_o all_o they_o which_o have_v any_o thing_n in_o common_a where_o he_o which_o forbid_v or_o deny_v have_v most_o right_o because_o his_o condition_n in_o that_o case_n be_v better_a than_o he_o which_o command_v or_o move_v to_o proceed_v for_o every_o law_n or_o command_n be_v in_o itself_o a_o innovation_n and_o a_o diminution_n of_o some_o part_n of_o popular_a liberty_n for_o it_o be_v no_o law_n except_o it_o restrain_v liberty_n he_o that_o by_o his_o negative_a voice_n do_v forbid_v or_o hinder_v the_o proceed_v of_o a_o new_a law_n do_v but_o preserve_v himself_o in_o that_o condition_n of_o liberty_n wherein_o nature_n have_v place_v he_o and_o whereof_o he_o be_v in_o present_a possession_n the_o condition_n of_o he_o thus_o in_o possession_n be_v the_o better_a the_o strong_a be_v his_o prohibition_n any_o single_a man_n have_v a_o just_a title_n to_o his_o negative_a voice_n than_o any_o multitude_n can_v have_v to_o their_o affirmative_a to_o say_v the_o people_n be_v free_a and_o not_o to_o be_v govern_v but_o by_o their_o own_o consent_n and_o yet_o to_o allow_v a_o major_a part_n to_o rule_v the_o whole_a be_v a_o plain_a contradiction_n or_o a_o destruction_n of_o natural_a freedom_n this_o the_o commons_o of_o rome_n right_o understand_v and_o therefore_o the_o transcendent_a power_n of_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o any_o one_o tribune_n be_v able_a of_o itself_o to_o stay_v all_o the_o proceed_n not_o of_o the_o consul_n and_o senate_n only_o and_o other_o magistrate_n but_o also_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o fellow-tribune_n make_v they_o seem_v the_o powerful_a man_n in_o all_o rome_n and_o yet_o in_o truth_n they_o have_v no_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n at_o all_o nor_o be_v they_o any_o magistrate_n nor_o can_v they_o lawful_o call_v any_o man_n before_o they_o for_o they_o be_v not_o appoint_v for_o administration_n of_o justice_n but_o only_o to_o oppose_v the_o violence_n and_o abuse_v of_o magistrate_n by_o intercede_v for_o such_o as_o appeal_v be_v unjust_o oppress_v for_o which_o purpose_n at_o first_o they_o sit_v only_o without_o the_o door_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o come_v within_o the_o door_n this_o negative_a power_n of_o they_o be_v of_o force_n only_o to_o hinder_v but_o not_o to_o help_v the_o proceed_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o govern_v and_o not_o to_o govern_v the_o people_n and_o though_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o make_v law_n yet_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o propound_v law_n and_o flatter_v and_o humour_v the_o commons_o by_o the_o agrarian_a and_o frumentarian_a law_n by_o the_o first_o they_o divide_v the_o common_a field_n and_o conquer_a land_n among_o the_o common_a people_n and_o by_o the_o latter_a they_o afford_v they_o corn_n at_o a_o cheap_a or_o low_a price_n by_o these_o mean_v these_o demagogue_n or_o tribune_n of_o the_o commons_o lead_v the_o vulgar_a by_o the_o nose_n to_o allow_v whatsoever_o usurpation_n they_o please_v to_o make_v in_o government_n the_o royal_a power_n of_o the_o consul_n be_v never_o take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o any_o law_n that_o i_o hear_v of_o but_o continue_v in_o they_o all_o the_o time_n of_o their_o pretend_a popular_a government_n to_o the_o very_a last_o though_o repine_v at_o and_o oppose_v in_o some_o particular_n by_o the_o commons_o the_o nopower_n or_o negative_a power_n of_o the_o tribune_n do_v not_o long_o give_v content_a to_o the_o commons_o and_o therefore_o they_o desire_v that_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n may_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o commonalty_n the_o eager_a propound_v of_o this_o point_n for_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o diligent_a oppose_v of_o it_o by_o the_o nobility_n or_o senate_n argue_v how_o much_o both_o party_n regard_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o consul_n the_o dispute_v last_v fourscore_o year_n within_o two_o the_o tribune_n press_v it_o upon_o all_o advantage_n of_o opportunity_n never_o give_v over_o till_o they_o carry_v it_o by_o strong_a hand_n or_o stubbornness_n hinder_v all_o election_n of_o the_o curule_n or_o great_a magistrate_n for_o five_o year_n together_o whereby_o the_o noble_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o commons_o a_o consul_n place_n or_o else_o a_o anarchy_n be_v ready_a to_o destroy_v they_o all_o and_o yet_o the_o nobility_n have_v for_o a_o good_a while_n allow_v the_o commons_o military_a tribune_n with_o consular_a power_n which_o in_o effect_n or_o substance_n be_v all_o one_o with_o have_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n a_o commoner_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o bare_a name_n of_o a_o consul_n which_o the_o commons_o so_o long_o strive_v for_o with_o the_o nobility_n in_o this_o contentionsome_a year_n consul_n be_v choose_v some_o year_n military_a tribune_n in_o such_o confusion_n that_o the_o roman_a historian_n can_v agree_v among_o themselves_o what_o consul_n to_o assign_v or_o name_n for_o each_o year_n although_o they_o have_v capitoline_n table_n sicilian_n and_o greek_a register_n and_o calendar_n fragment_n of_o capitoline_n marble_n linen_n book_n or_o record_n to_o help_v they_o a_o good_a while_o the_o commons_o be_v content_a with_o the_o liberty_n of_o have_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n a_o commoner_n but_o about_o fourscore_o year_n after_o they_o enjoy_v this_o privilege_n a_o desire_n take_v they_o to_o have_v it_o enact_v that_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o commons_o call_v a_o plebiscitum_fw-la may_v be_v observe_v for_o a_o law_n hortensius_n the_o dictator_n yield_v to_o enact_v it_o thereby_o to_o bring_v back_o the_o seditious_a commons_o who_o depart_v to_o janiculum_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o tybur_n because_o they_o be_v deep_o engage_v in_o debt_n in_o regard_n of_o long_a sedition_n and_o dissension_n the_o eleven_o book_n of_o livy_n where_o this_o sedition_n be_v set_v down_o be_v lose_v we_o have_v only_o a_o touch_n of_o it_o it_o in_o florus_n his_o epitome_n and_o st._n augustine_n mention_n the_o plunder_v of_o many_o house_n by_o the_o commons_o at_o their_o depart_n this_o sedition_n be_v above_o 220_o year_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n in_o all_o which_o time_n the_o people_n of_o rome_n get_v the_o spoil_n of_o almost_o all_o italy_n and_o the_o wealth_n of_o very_a many_o rich_a city_n and_o yet_o the_o commons_o be_v in_o so_o great_a penury_n and_o over_o whelm_v with_o debt_n that_o they_o fall_v to_o plunder_v the_o rich_a house_n of_o the_o citizen_n which_o sound_v not_o much_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o popular_a government_n this_o communicate_v of_o a_o legislative_a power_n to_o the_o commons_o touch_v power_n of_o enfranchise_v ally_n judgement_n penal_a and_o fine_n and_o those_o ordinance_n that_o concern_v the_o good_a of_o the_o commons_o call_v plebiscita_fw-la be_v a_o divide_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o the_o give_v a_o share_n of_o it_o to_o other_o as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o consul_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o destroy_v the_o legislative_a power_n for_o to_o have_v two_o supremes_n be_v to_o have_v none_o because_o the_o one_o may_v destroy_v the_o other_o and_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o indivisible_a nature_n of_o sovereignty_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o consul_n have_v but_o annual_a sovereignty_n be_v glad_a for_o their_o own_o safety_n and_o ease_n in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n and_o weight_n to_o call_v together_o sometime_o the_o senate_n who_o be_v their_o ordinary_a council_n and_o many_o time_n the_o century_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v
themselves_o nor_o by_o any_o choose_v by_o they_o for_o their_o representor_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o great_a council_n and_o if_o the_o gentleman_n of_o venice_n have_v any_o right_a to_o keep_v the_o government_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o to_o exclude_v the_o commons_o they_o never_o have_v it_o give_v they_o by_o the_o people_n but_o at_o first_o be_v behold_v to_o monarchy_n for_o their_o nobility_n this_o may_v further_o be_v note_v that_o though_o venice_n of_o late_o enjoy_v peace_n abroad_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v with_o that_o charge_n either_o for_o fortification_n and_o defence_n or_o in_o bribery_n so_o excessive_a whereby_o of_o late_a upon_o any_o term_n they_o purchase_v their_o peace_n that_o it_o be_v say_v their_o tax_n be_v such_o that_o christian_n general_o live_v better_o under_o the_o turk_n than_o under_o the_o venetian_n for_o there_o be_v not_o a_o grain_n of_o corn_n a_o spoonful_n of_o wine_n salt_n egg_n bird_n beast_n fowl_n or_o fish_n sell_v that_o pay_v not_o a_o certain_a custom_n upon_o occasion_n the_o labourer_n and_o craftsman_n pay_v a_o rate_n by_o the_o poll_n monthly_a they_o receive_v incredible_a gain_n by_o usury_n of_o the_o jew_n for_o in_o every_o city_n they_o keep_v open_a shop_n of_o interest_n '_o take_z pawn_n after_o fifteen_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o if_o at_o the_o year_n end_v it_o be_v not_o redeem_v it_o be_v forfeit_v or_o at_o the_o least_o sell_v at_o great_a loss_n the_o revenue_n which_o the_o very_a courtesan_n pay_v for_o toleration_n maintain_v no_o less_o than_o a_o dozen_o of_o galley_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v be_v judge_v how_o unagreeable_a the_o popular_a government_n of_o rome_n heretofore_o and_o of_o venice_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n at_o present_a be_v either_o for_o religion_n or_o peace_n which_o two_o be_v principal_a ingredient_n of_o government_n and_o so_o consequent_o not_o fit_a to_o be_v reckon_v for_o form_n since_o whatsoever_o be_v either_o good_a or_o tolerable_a in_o either_o of_o their_o government_n be_v borrow_v or_o patch_v up_o of_o a_o break_a and_o distract_a monarchy_n last_o though_o venice_n and_o the_o low_a country_n be_v the_o only_a remarkable_a place_n in_o this_o age_n that_o reject_v monarchy_n yet_o neither_o of_o they_o pretend_v their_o government_n to_o be_v found_v upon_o any_o original_a right_n of_o the_o people_n or_o have_v the_o common_a people_n any_o power_n among_o they_o or_o any_o choose_v by_o they_o never_o be_v any_o popular_a estate_n in_o the_o world_n famous_a for_o keep_v themselves_o in_o peace_n all_o their_o glory_n have_v be_v for_o quarrel_v and_o fight_v those_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o power_n of_o government_n be_v original_o in_o the_o people_n find_v how_o impossible_a it_o be_v for_o any_o people_n to_o exercise_v such_o power_n do_v surmise_n that_o though_o the_o people_n can_v govern_v yet_o they_o may_v choose_v representor_n or_o trustee_n that_o may_v manage_v this_o power_n for_o the_o people_n and_o such_o representor_n must_v be_v surmise_v to_o be_v the_o people_n and_o since_o such_o representor_n can_v true_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o divide_v the_o people_n into_o several_a part_n as_o of_o province_n city_n and_o burrough-town_n and_o to_o allow_v to_o every_o one_o of_o those_o part_n to_o choose_v one_o representor_n or_o more_o of_o their_o own_o and_o such_o representor_n though_o not_o any_o of_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n of_o the_o people_n yet_o still_o must_v be_v surmise_v to_o be_v the_o people_n nay_o though_o not_o one_o of_o they_o be_v choose_v either_o by_o the_o people_n or_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o any_o province_n city_n or_o burrough_n for_o which_o they_o serve_v but_o only_o a_o small_a part_n still_o it_o must_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o people_n now_o when_o such_o representor_n of_o the_o people_n do_v assemble_v or_o meet_v it_o be_v never_o see_v that_o all_o of_o they_o can_v at_o one_o time_n meet_v together_o and_o so_o there_o never_o appear_v a_o true_a or_o full_a representation_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o representor_n of_o one_o part_n or_o other_o be_v absent_a but_o still_o they_o must_v be_v imagine_v to_o be_v the_o people_n and_o when_o such_o imperfect_a assembly_n be_v meet_v though_o not_o half_o be_v present_a they_o proceed_v and_o though_o their_o number_n be_v never_o so_o small_a yet_o it_o be_v so_o big_a that_o in_o the_o debate_n of_o any_o business_n of_o moment_n they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o handle_v it_o without_o refer_v it_o to_o a_o few_o number_n than_o themselves_o though_o themselves_o be_v not_o so_o many_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v thus_o those_o that_o be_v choose_v to_o represent_v the_o people_n be_v necessitate_v to_o choose_v other_o to_o represent_v the_o representor_n themselves_o a_o trustee_n of_o the_o north_n do_v delegate_v his_o power_n to_o a_o trustee_n of_o the_o south_n and_o one_o of_o the_o east_n may_v substitute_v one_o of_o the_o west_n for_o his_o proxy_n hereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o public_a debate_n which_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o a_o kingdom_n be_v contract_v into_o a_o particular_a or_o private_a assembly_n than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o destructive_a or_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o public_a assembly_n each_o company_n of_o such_o trustee_n have_v a_o prolocutor_n or_o speaker_n who_o by_o the_o help_n of_o three_o or_o four_o of_o his_o fellow_n that_o be_v most_o active_a may_v easy_o comply_v in_o gratify_v one_o the_o other_o so_o that_o each_o of_o they_o in_o their_o turn_n may_v sway_v the_o trustee_n whilst_o one_o man_n for_o himself_o or_o his_o friend_n may_v rule_v in_o one_o business_n and_o another_o man_n for_o himself_o or_o his_o friend_n prevail_v in_o another_o cause_n till_o such_o a_o number_n of_o trustee_n be_v reduce_v to_o so_o many_o petty_a monarch_n as_o there_o be_v man_n of_o it_o so_o in_o all_o popularity_n where_o a_o general_a council_n or_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o people_n meet_v they_o find_v it_o impossible_a to_o dispatch_v any_o great_a action_n either_o with_o expedition_n or_o secrecy_n if_o a_o public_a free_a debate_n be_v admit_v and_o therefore_o be_v constrain_v to_o epitomise_v and_o sub-epitomise_a themselves_o so_o long_o till_o at_o last_o they_o crumble_v away_o into_o the_o atom_n of_o monarchy_n which_o be_v the_o next_o degree_n to_o anarchy_n for_o anarchy_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o break_a monarchy_n where_o every_o man_n be_v his_o own_o monarch_n or_o governor_n whereas_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n in_o choose_v both_o their_o government_n and_o governor_n be_v of_o late_o high_o magnify_v as_o if_o they_o be_v able_a to_o choose_v the_o best_a and_o excellent_a man_n for_o that_o purpose_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o true_a what_o aristotle_n have_v affirm_v that_o to_o choose_v well_o be_v the_o office_n of_o he_o that_o have_v knowledge_n none_o can_v choose_v a_o geometrician_n but_o â—…_n that_o have_v skill_n in_o geometry_n l._n 3._o c._n 11._o for_o say_v he_o all_o man_n esteem_v not_o excellency_n to_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o l._n 3._o c._n 17._o a_o great_a deal_n of_o talk_n there_o be_v in_o the_o world_n of_o the_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n that_o they_o say_v be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o popular_a commonweal_n it_o be_v worth_a the_o enquiry_n how_o far_o and_o in_o what_o sense_n this_o speech_n of_o liberty_n be_v true_a true_a liberty_n be_v for_o every_o man_n to_o do_v what_o he_o list_v or_o to_o live_v as_o he_o please_v and_o not_o to_o be_v tie_v to_o any_o law_n but_o such_o liberty_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o commonweal_n for_o there_o be_v more_o law_n in_o popular_a estate_n than_o any_o where_o else_o and_o so_o consequent_o less_o liberty_n and_o government_n many_o say_v be_v invent_v to_o take_v away_o liberty_n and_o not_o to_o give_v it_o to_o every_o man_n such_o liberty_n can_v be_v if_o it_o shall_v there_o will_v be_v no_o government_n at_o all_o therefore_o aristotle_n l._n 6._o cap._n 4._o it_o be_v profitable_a not_o to_o be_v lawful_a to_o do_v every_o thing_n that_o we_o will_v for_o power_n to_o do_v what_o one_o will_n can_v restrain_v that_o evil_a that_o be_v in_o every_o man_n so_o that_o true_a liberty_n can_v nor_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o any_o estate_n but_o the_o only_a liberty_n that_o the_o talker_n of_o liberty_n can_v mean_v be_v a_o liberty_n for_o some_o man_n to_o rule_n and_o to_o be_v rule_v for_o so_o aristotle_n expound_v it_o one_o while_o to_o govern_v another_o
it_o from_o one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o general_n assembly_n but_o the_o form_n pen_v or_o frame_v it_o into_o a_o law_n be_v commit_v to_o a_o few_o because_o a_o great_a number_n of_o person_n can_v without_o tedious_a and_o dilatory_a debate_n examine_v the_o benefit_n and_o mischief_n of_o a_o law_n thus_o in_o the_o very_a first_o beginning_n the_o intention_n of_o a_o general_a assembly_n be_v frustrate_v then_o after_o a_o law_n be_v pen_v or_o frame_v when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v question_v whether_o it_o shall_v pass_v or_o nay_o though_o it_o be_v voted_n in_o a_o full_a assembly_n yet_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o assembly_n they_o be_v all_o so_o tie_v up_o and_o bar_v from_o a_o free_a and_o full_a debate_n that_o when_o any_o man_n have_v give_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o opinion_n if_o those_o reason_n be_v argue_v against_o he_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o reply_v in_o justification_n or_o explanation_n of_o they_o but_o when_o he_o have_v once_o speak_v he_o must_v be_v hear_v no_o more_o which_o be_v a_o main_a denial_n of_o that_o freedom_n of_o debate_n for_o which_o the_o great_a assembly_n be_v allege_v to_o be_v ordain_v in_o the_o high_a point_n of_o legislative_a power_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v touch_v the_o executive_a power_n if_o a_o cause_n be_v bring_v before_o a_o great_a assembly_n the_o first_o thing_n do_v be_v to_o refer_v or_o commit_v it_o to_o some_o few_o of_o the_o assembly_n who_o be_v trust_v with_o the_o examine_v the_o proof_n and_o witness_n and_o to_o make_v report_n to_o the_o general_a assembly_n who_o upon_o the_o report_n proceed_v to_o give_v their_o judgement_n without_o any_o public_a hear_n or_o interrogate_a the_o witness_n upon_o who_o testimony_n diligent_o examine_v every_o man_n that_o will_v pass_v a_o conscientious_a judgement_n be_v to_o rely_v thus_o the_o legislative_a and_o executive_a power_n be_v never_o true_o practise_v in_o a_o great_a assembly_n the_o true_a reason_n whereof_o be_v if_o freedom_n be_v give_v to_o debate_n never_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v agree_v upon_o without_o endless_a dispute_n mere_a necessity_n compel_v to_o refer_v main_a transaction_n of_o business_n to_o particular_a congregation_n and_o committee_n those_o government_n that_o seem_v to_o be_v popular_a aâ—…_n kind_n of_o petty_a monarchy_n which_o may_v thus_o appear_v government_n be_v a_o relation_n between_o the_o governor_n and_o the_o govern_v the_o one_o can_v be_v without_o the_o other_o mutuò_fw-la se_fw-la ponunt_fw-la &_o auferunt_fw-la where_o a_o command_n or_o law_n proceed_v from_o a_o major_a part_n there_o those_o individual_a person_n that_o concur_v in_o the_o vote_n be_v the_o governor_n because_o the_o law_n be_v only_o their_o will_n in_o particular_a the_o power_n of_o a_o major_a part_n be_v a_o contingent_a or_o casual_a thing_n expire_v in_o the_o very_a act_n itself_o of_o vote_v which_o power_n of_o a_o major_a part_n be_v ground_v upon_o a_o supposition_n that_o they_o be_v the_o strong_a part_n when_o the_o vote_n be_v past_a these_o voter_n which_o be_v the_o major_a part_n return_v again_o and_o be_v incorporate_v into_o the_o whole_a assembly_n and_o be_v bury_v as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o lump_n and_o no_o otherwise_o consider_v the_o act_n or_o law_n ordain_v by_o such_o a_o vote_n lose_v the_o maker_n of_o it_o before_o it_o come_v to_o be_v obey_v for_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n it_o become_v the_o will_n of_o those_o who_o enjoin_v it_o and_o force_v obedience_n to_o it_o not_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o power_n derive_v from_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o law_n no_o man_n can_v say_v that_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n that_o king_n henry_n the_o 8_o or_o edward_n the_o six_o do_v govern_v although_o that_o many_o of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v in_o those_o two_o former_a prince_n time_n be_v observe_v and_o execute_v under_o her_o government_n but_o those_o law_n though_o make_v by_o her_o predecessor_n yet_o become_v the_o law_n of_o her_o present_a government_n who_o will_v and_o command_v the_o execution_n of_o they_o and_o have_v the_o same_o power_n to_o correct_v interpret_v or_o mitigate_v they_o which_o the_o first_o maker_n of_o they_o have_v every_o law_n must_v always_o have_v some_o present_a know_a person_n in_o be_v who_o will_v it_o must_v be_v to_o make_v it_o a_o law_n for_o the_o present_a this_o can_v be_v say_v of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o any_o assembly_n because_o that_o major_a part_n instant_o cease_v as_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o have_v vote_v a_o infallible_a argument_n whereof_o be_v this_o that_o the_o same_o major_a part_n after_o the_o vote_n give_v have_v no_o power_n to_o correct_v alter_v or_o mitigate_v it_o or_o to_o cause_o it_o to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n so_o that_o he_o that_o shall_v act_v or_o cause_v that_o law_n to_o be_v execute_v make_v himself_o the_o commander_n or_o willer_n of_o it_o which_o be_v original_o the_o will_n of_o other_o it_o be_v say_v by_o mr._n hobbs_n in_o his_o leviathan_n page_n 141._o nothing_o be_v law_n where_o the_o legislator_n can_v be_v know_v for_o there_o must_v be_v manifest_a sign_n that_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n there_o be_v requisite_a not_o only_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o law_n but_o also_o sufficient_a sign_n of_o the_o author_n and_o the_o authority_n that_o senate_n or_o great_a council_n wherein_o it_o be_v conceive_v the_o supreme_a or_o legislative_a power_n do_v rest_n consist_v of_o those_o person_n who_o be_v actual_o subject_n at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n wherein_o they_o exercise_v their_o legislative_a power_n and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_a may_v be_v guilty_a of_o break_v one_o law_n while_o they_o be_v make_v another_o law_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o whole_a and_o entire_a will_n of_o every_o particular_a person_n in_o the_o assembly_n but_o that_o part_n only_o of_o his_o will_n which_o accidental_o fall_v out_o to_o concur_v with_o the_o will_n of_o the_o great_a part_n so_o that_o the_o sharer_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n have_v each_o of_o they_o perhaps_o not_o a_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v indivisible_a and_o that_o not_o in_o act_n but_o in_o possibility_n only_o in_o one_o particular_a point_n for_o that_o moment_n whilst_o they_o give_v their_o vote_n to_o close_v this_o point_n which_o may_v seem_v strange_a and_o new_a to_o some_o i_o will_v produce_v the_o judgement_n of_o bodin_n in_o his_o six_o book_n of_o a_o commonweal_n and_o the_o four_o chapter_n his_o word_n be_v the_o chief_a point_n of_o a_o commonweal_n which_o be_v the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n can_v be_v nor_o insist_v to_o speak_v proper_o but_o in_o monarchy_n for_o none_o can_v be_v sovereign_a in_o a_o commonweal_n but_o one_o alone_a if_o they_o be_v two_o or_o three_o or_o more_o no_o one_o be_v sovereign_a for_o that_o no_o one_o of_o they_o can_v give_v or_o take_v a_o law_n from_o his_o companion_n and_o although_o we_o imagine_v a_o body_n of_o many_o lord_n or_o of_o a_o whole_a people_n to_o hold_v the_o sovereignty_n yet_o have_v it_o no_o true_a ground_n nor_o support_n if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o head_n with_o absolute_a power_n to_o unite_v they_o together_o which_o a_o simple_a magistrate_n without_o sovereign_a authority_n can_v do_v and_o if_o it_o chance_v that_o the_o lord_n or_o tribe_n of_o the_o people_n be_v divide_v as_o it_o often_o fall_v out_o then_o must_v they_o fall_v to_o arm_n one_o against_o another_o and_o although_o the_o great_a part_n be_v of_o one_o opinion_n yet_o may_v it_o so_o happen_v as_o the_o lesser_a part_n have_v many_o legion_n and_o make_v a_o head_n may_v oppose_v itself_o against_o the_o great_a number_n and_o get_v the_o victory_n we_o see_v the_o difficulty_n which_o be_v and_o always_o have_v be_v in_o popular_a estate_n whereas_o they_o hold_v contrary_a part_n and_o for_o divers_a magistrate_n some_o demand_n peace_n other_o war_n some_o will_v have_v this_o law_n other_o that_o some_o will_v have_v one_o commander_n other_o another_o some_o will_v treat_v a_o league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n other_o with_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n corrupt_v or_o draw_v some_o one_o way_n some_o another_o make_v open_a war_n as_o have_v be_v see_v in_o our_o age_n among_o the_o grison_n etc._n etc._n upon_o these_o text_n of_o aristotle_n forecited_a and_o from_o the_o mutability_n of_o the_o roman_a popularity_n which_o aristotle_n live_v not_o to_o see_v i_o leave_v the_o learned_a to_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o these_o or_o the_o like_a parodox_n may_v be_v infer_v to_o be_v the_o plain_a mind_n of_o aristotle_n viz._n 1._o
that_o there_o be_v no_o form_n of_o government_n but_o monarchy_n only_o 2_o that_o there_o be_v no_o monarchy_n but_o paternal_a 3._o that_o there_o be_v no_o paternal_a monarchy_n but_o absolute_a or_o arbitrary_a 4._o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o aristocratie_n or_o democraty_n 5._o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o form_n of_o government_n as_o a_o tyranny_n 6._o that_o the_o people_n be_v not_o bear_v free_a by_o nature_n direction_n for_o obedience_n to_o government_n in_o dangerous_a or_o doubtful_a time_n all_o those_o who_o so_o eager_o strive_v for_o a_o original_a power_n to_o be_v in_o the_o people_n do_v with_o one_o consent_n acknowledge_v that_o original_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v in_o the_o fatherhood_n and_o that_o the_o first_o king_n be_v father_n of_o family_n this_o be_v not_o only_o evident_a and_o affirm_v by_o aristotle_n but_o yield_v unto_o by_o grotius_n mr._n selden_n mr._n hobbs_n mr._n ascam_fw-la and_o all_o other_o of_o that_o party_n not_o one_o except_v that_o i_o know_v of_o now_o for_o those_o that_o confess_v a_o original_a subjection_n in_o child_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o parent_n to_o dream_v of_o a_o original_a freedom_n in_o mankind_n be_v to_o contradict_v themselves_o and_o to_o make_v subject_n to_o be_v free_a and_o king_n to_o be_v limit_v to_o imagine_v such_o paction_n and_o contract_n between_o king_n and_o people_n as_o can_v be_v prove_v ever_o to_o have_v be_v make_v or_o can_v ever_o be_v describe_v or_o fancy_v how_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o such_o contract_v ever_o to_o have_v be_v be_v a_o boldness_n to_o be_v wonder_v at_o mr._n selden_n confess_v that_o adam_n by_o donation_n from_o god_n be_v make_v the_o general_a lord_n of_o all_o thing_n not_o without_o such_o a_o private_a dominion_n to_o himself_o as_o without_o his_o grant_n do_v exclude_v his_o child_n and_o by_o donation_n or_o assignation_n or_o some_o kind_n of_o concession_n before_o he_o be_v dead_a or_o leave_v any_o heir_n to_o succeed_v he_o his_o child_n have_v their_o distinct_a territory_n by_o right_a of_o private_a dominion_n abel_n have_v his_o flock_n and_o pasture_n for_o they_o cain_n have_v his_o field_n for_o corn_n and_o the_o land_n of_o nod_n where_o he_o build_v himself_o a_o city_n it_o be_v confess_v that_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n the_o paternal_a government_n be_v monarchical_a but_o when_o the_o world_n be_v replenish_v with_o multitude_n of_o people_n than_o the_o paternal_a government_n cease_v and_o be_v lose_v and_o a_o elective_a kind_n of_o government_n by_o the_o people_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o world_n to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o paternal_a power_n can_v be_v lose_v it_o may_v either_o be_v transfer_v or_o usurp_v but_o never_o lose_v or_o cease_v god_n who_o be_v the_o giver_n of_o power_n may_v transferr_v it_o from_o the_o father_n to_o some_o other_o he_o give_v to_o saul_n a_o fatherly_a power_n over_o his_o father_n kish_n god_n also_o have_v give_v to_o the_o father_n a_o right_n or_o liberty_n to_o alien_n his_o power_n over_o his_o child_n to_o any_o other_o whence_o we_o find_v the_o sale_n and_o gift_n of_o child_n to_o have_v be_v much_o in_o use_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n when_o man_n have_v their_o servant_n for_o a_o possession_n and_o a_o inheritance_n as_o well_o as_o other_o good_n whereupon_o we_o find_v the_o power_n of_o castrate_v and_o make_v eunuch_n much_o in_o use_n in_o old_a time_n as_o the_o power_n of_o the_o father_n may_v be_v lawful_o transfer_v or_o alien_v so_o it_o may_v be_v unjust_o usurp_v and_o in_o usurpation_n the_o title_n of_o a_o usurper_n be_v before_o and_o better_a than_o the_o title_n of_o any_o other_o than_o of_o he_o that_o have_v a_o former_a right_n for_o he_o have_v a_o possession_n by_o the_o permissive_a will_n of_o god_n which_o permission_n how_o long_o it_o may_v endure_v no_o man_n ordinary_o know_v every_o man_n be_v to_o preserve_v his_o own_o life_n for_o the_o service_n of_o god_n and_o of_o his_o king_n or_o father_n and_o be_v so_o far_o to_o obey_v a_o usurper_n as_o may_v tend_v not_o only_o to_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o king_n and_o father_n but_o sometime_o even_o to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o usurper_n himself_o when_o probable_o he_o may_v thereby_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o correction_n or_o mercy_n of_o his_o true_a superior_a though_o by_o humane_a law_n a_o long_a prescription_n may_v take_v away_o right_o yet_o divine_a right_n never_o die_v nor_o can_v be_v lose_v or_o take_v away_o every_o man_n that_o be_v bear_v be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v freeborn_a that_o by_o his_o very_a birth_n he_o become_v a_o subject_a to_o he_o that_o beget_v he_o under_o which_o subjection_n he_o be_v always_o to_o live_v unless_o by_o immediate_a appointment_n from_o god_n or_o by_o the_o grant_n or_o death_n of_o his_o father_n he_o become_v possess_v of_o that_o power_n to_o which_o he_o be_v subject_a the_o right_n of_o fatherly_a government_n be_v ordain_v by_o god_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n if_o it_o be_v usurp_v the_o usurper_n may_v be_v so_o far_o obey_v as_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o subject_n who_o may_v thereby_o be_v enable_v to_o perform_v their_o duty_n to_o their_o true_a and_o right_a sovereign_n when_o time_n shall_v serve_v in_o such_o case_n to_o obey_v a_o usurper_n be_v proper_o to_o obey_v the_o first_o and_o right_a governor_n who_o must_v be_v presume_v to_o desire_v the_o safety_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o command_n of_o a_o usurper_n be_v not_o to_o be_v obey_v in_o any_o thing_n tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o governor_n who_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v to_o be_v look_v after_o it_o have_v be_v say_v that_o there_o have_v be_v so_o many_o usurpation_n by_o conquest_n in_o all_o kingdom_n that_o all_o king_n be_v usurper_n or_o the_o heir_n or_o successor_n of_o usurper_n and_o therefore_o any_o usurper_n if_o he_o can_v but_o get_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o kingdom_n have_v as_o good_a a_o title_n as_o any_o other_o answer_n the_o first_o usurper_n have_v the_o best_a title_n be_v as_o be_v say_v in_o possession_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o god_n and_o where_o a_o usurper_n have_v continue_v so_o long_o that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n be_v lose_v by_o all_o the_o subject_n in_o such_o a_o case_n a_o usurper_n in_o possession_n be_v to_o be_v take_v and_o repute_v by_o such_o subject_n for_o the_o true_a heir_n and_o be_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o they_o as_o their_o father_n as_o no_o man_n have_v a_o infallible_a certitude_n but_o only_o a_o moral_a knowledge_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o probable_a persuasion_n ground_v upon_o a_o peaceable_a possession_n which_o be_v a_o warrant_n for_o subjection_n to_o parent_n and_o governor_n for_o we_o may_v not_o say_v because_o child_n have_v no_o infallible_a or_o necessary_a certainty_n who_o be_v their_o true_a parent_n that_o therefore_o they_o need_v not_o obey_v because_o they_o be_v uncertain_a it_o be_v sufficient_a and_o as_o much_o as_o humane_a nature_n be_v capable_a of_o for_o child_n to_o rely_v upon_o a_o credible_a persuasion_n for_o otherwise_o the_o commandment_n of_o honour_n thy_o father_n will_v be_v a_o vain_a commandment_n and_o not_o possible_a to_o be_v observe_v by_o humane_a positive_a law_n a_o possession_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n take_v away_o or_o bar_n a_o former_a right_n to_o avoid_v a_o general_a mischief_n of_o bring_v all_o right_n into_o a_o disputation_n not_o decideable_a by_o proof_n and_o consequent_o to_o the_o overthrow_n of_o all_o civil_a government_n in_o grant_n gift_n and_o contract_n between_o man_n and_o man_n but_o in_o grant_n and_o gift_n that_o have_v their_o original_n from_o god_n or_o nature_n as_o the_o power_n of_o the_o father_n have_v no_o inferior_a power_n of_o man_n can_v limit_v nor_o make_v any_o law_n of_o prescription_n against_o they_o upon_o this_o ground_n be_v build_v that_o common_a maxim_n that_o nullum_fw-la tempus_fw-la occurrit_fw-la regi_fw-la no_o time_n bar_v a_o king_n all_o power_n on_o earth_n be_v either_o derive_v or_o usurp_v from_o the_o fatherly_a power_n there_o be_v no_o other_o original_n to_o be_v find_v of_o any_o power_n whatsoever_o for_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v grant_v two_o sort_n of_o power_n without_o any_o subordination_n of_o one_o to_o the_o other_o they_o will_v be_v in_o perpetual_a strife_n which_o shall_v be_v supreme_a for_o two_o supremes_n can_v agree_v if_o the_o fatherly_a power_n be_v supreme_a than_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n must_v be_v subordinate_a and_o depend_v on_o it_o if_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n be_v
supreme_a than_o the_o fatherly_a power_n must_v submit_v to_o it_o and_o can_v be_v exercise_v without_o the_o licence_n of_o the_o people_n which_o must_v quite_o destroy_v the_o frame_n and_o course_n of_o nature_n even_o the_o power_n which_o god_n himself_o exercise_v over_o mankind_n be_v by_o right_o of_o fatherhood_n he_o be_v both_o the_o king_n and_o father_n of_o we_o all_o as_o god_n have_v exalt_v the_o dignity_n of_o earthly_a king_n by_o communicate_v to_o they_o his_o own_o title_n by_o say_v they_o be_v god_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o have_v be_v please_v as_o it_o be_v to_o humble_v himself_o by_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n to_o express_v his_o power_n and_o not_o the_o title_n of_o any_o popular_a government_n we_o find_v it_o be_v a_o punishment_n to_o have_v no_o king_n hosea_n ch_n 3._o 4._o and_o promise_v as_o a_o blessing_n to_o abraham_n gen._n 17._o 6._o that_o king_n shall_v come_v out_o of_o thou_o every_o man_n have_v a_o part_n or_o share_v in_o the_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n in_o general_n he_o that_o usurp_v the_o power_n of_o a_o superior_a thereby_o put_v upon_o himself_o a_o necessity_n of_o act_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o superior_a in_o the_o preservation_n of_o they_o over_o who_o he_o have_v usurp_v unless_o he_o will_v aggravate_v one_o heinous_a crime_n by_o commit_v another_o more_o horrid_a he_o that_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o power_n of_o a_o superior_a sin_n sufficient_o and_o to_o the_o purpose_n but_o he_o that_o proceed_v to_o destroy_v both_o his_o superior_a and_o those_o under_o the_o superior_n protection_n go_v a_o strain_n high_o by_o add_v murder_n to_o robbery_n if_o government_n be_v hinder_v mankind_n perish_v a_o usurper_n by_o hinder_v the_o government_n of_o another_o bring_v a_o necessity_n upon_o himself_o to_o govern_v his_o duty_n before_o usurpation_n be_v only_o to_o be_v ministerial_a or_o instrumental_a in_o the_o preservation_n of_o other_o by_o his_o obedience_n but_o when_o he_o deny_v his_o own_o and_o hinder_v the_o obedience_n of_o other_o he_o do_v not_o only_o not_o help_n but_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o distraction_n in_o hinder_v his_o superior_a to_o perform_v his_o duty_n he_o make_v the_o duty_n his_o own_o if_o a_o superior_a can_v protect_v it_o be_v his_o part_n to_o desire_v to_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o which_o he_o can_v do_v in_o the_o future_a if_o in_o the_o present_a they_o be_v destroy_v for_o want_v of_o government_n therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o the_o superior_a desire_n the_o preservation_n of_o they_o that_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o he_o and_o so_o likewise_o it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o a_o usurper_n in_o general_n do_v the_o will_n of_o his_o superior_a by_o preserve_v the_o people_n by_o government_n and_o it_o be_v not_o improper_a to_o say_v that_o in_o obey_v a_o usurper_n we_o may_v obey_v primary_o the_o true_a superior_a so_o long_o as_o our_o obedience_n aim_v at_o the_o preservation_n of_o those_o in_o subjection_n and_o not_o at_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o true_a governor_n not_o only_o the_o usurper_n but_o those_o also_o over_o who_o power_n be_v usurp_v may_v join_v in_o the_o preservation_n of_o themselves_o yea_o and_o in_o the_o preservation_n sometime_o of_o the_o usurper_n himself_o thus_o there_o may_v be_v a_o conditional_a duty_n or_o right_o in_o a_o usurper_n to_o govern_v that_o be_v to_o say_v suppose_v he_o to_o be_v so_o wicked_a as_o to_o usurp_v and_o not_o willing_a to_o surrender_v or_o forego_v his_o usurpation_n he_o be_v then_o bind_v to_o protect_v by_o government_n or_o else_o he_o increase_v and_o multiply_v his_o sin_n though_o a_o usurper_n can_v never_o gain_v a_o right_n from_o the_o true_a superior_a yet_o from_o those_o that_o be_v subject_n he_o may_v for_o if_o they_o know_v no_o other_o that_o have_v a_o better_a title_n than_o the_o usurper_n then_o as_o to_o they_o the_o usurper_n in_o possession_n have_v a_o true_a right_n such_o a_o qualify_a right_n be_v find_v at_o first_o in_o all_o usurper_n as_o be_v in_o theives_n who_o have_v steal_v good_n and_o during_o the_o time_n they_o be_v possess_v of_o they_o have_v a_o title_n in_o law_n against_o all_o other_o but_o the_o true_a owner_n and_o such_o usurper_n to_o divers_a intent_n and_o purpose_n may_v be_v obey_v neither_o be_v he_o only_o a_o usurper_n who_o obtain_v the_o government_n but_o all_o they_o be_v partaker_n in_o the_o usurpation_n who_o have_v either_o fail_v to_o give_v assistance_n to_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n or_o have_v give_v aid_n either_o by_o their_o person_n estate_n or_o counsel_n for_o the_o destroy_a of_o that_o governor_n under_o who_o protection_n they_o have_v be_v bear_v and_o preserve_v for_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o protection_n and_o subjection_n be_v reciprocal_a so_o that_o where_o the_o first_o fail_v the_o latter_a cease_v yet_o it_o must_v be_v remember_v that_o where_o a_o man_n have_v be_v bear_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o a_o long_a and_o peaceable_a government_n he_o owe_v a_o assistance_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o that_o government_n that_o have_v protect_v he_o and_o be_v the_o author_n of_o his_o own_o disobedience_n it_o be_v say_v by_o some_o that_o a_o usurp_a power_n may_v be_v obey_v in_o thing_n that_o be_v lawful_a but_o it_o may_v not_o be_v obey_v not_o only_o in_o lawful_a thing_n but_o also_o in_o thing_n indifferent_a obedience_n in_o thing_n indifferent_a be_v necessary_a not_o indifferent_a for_o in_o thing_n necessary_o good_a god_n be_v immediate_o obey_v superior_n only_a by_o consequence_n if_o man_n command_v thing_n evil_a obedience_n be_v due_a only_a by_o tolerate_v what_o they_o inflict_v not_o by_o perform_v what_o they_o require_v in_o the_o first_o they_o declare_v what_o god_n command_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o latter_a what_o to_o be_v suffer_v so_o it_o remain_v that_o thing_n indifferent_a only_o be_v the_o proper_a object_n of_o humane_a law_n action_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v simple_o and_o alone_o and_o so_o be_v good_a as_o be_v motion_n depend_v on_o the_o first_o mover_n or_o joint_o with_o circumstance_n and_o that_o in_o a_o double_a manner_n 1._o in_o regard_n of_o the_o ability_n or_o possibility_n while_o they_o may_v be_v do_v 2._o in_o the_o act_n when_o they_o be_v perform_v before_o they_o be_v do_v they_o be_v indifferent_a but_o once_o break_v out_o into_o act_n they_o become_v distinct_o good_a or_o evil_a according_a to_o the_o circumstance_n which_o determine_v the_o same_o now_o a_o action_n command_v be_v suppose_v as_o not_o yet_o do_v whereupon_o the_o hebrew_n call_v the_o imperative_a mood_n the_o first_o future_a and_o so_o remain_v many_o time_n indifferent_a some_o may_v be_v of_o opinion_n that_o if_o obedience_n may_v be_v give_v to_o a_o usurper_n in_o thing_n indifferent_a as_o well_o as_o to_o a_o lawful_a power_n that_o then_o there_o be_v as_o much_o obedience_n due_a to_o a_o usurp_a power_n as_o to_o a_o lawful_a but_o it_o be_v a_o mistake_n for_o though_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o in_o thing_n indifferent_a a_o usurper_n may_v be_v obey_v as_o well_o as_o a_o lawful_a governor_n yet_o herein_o lie_v a_o main_a difference_n that_o some_o thing_n be_v indifferent_a for_o a_o lawful_a superior_a which_o be_v not_o indifferent_a but_o unlawful_a to_o a_o usurper_n to_o enjoin_v usurpation_n be_v the_o resist_a and_o take_v away_o the_o power_n from_o he_o who_o have_v such_o a_o former_a right_o to_o govern_v the_o usurper_n as_o can_v lawful_o be_v take_v away_o so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v just_a for_o a_o usurper_n to_o take_v advantage_n of_o his_o own_o unlawful_a act_n or_o create_v himself_o a_o title_n by_o continuation_n of_o his_o own_o injustice_n which_o aggravate_v and_o never_o extenuate_v his_o crime_n and_o if_o it_o never_o can_v be_v a_o act_n indifferent_a for_o the_o usurper_n himself_o to_o disobey_v his_o lawful_a sovereign_n much_o less_o can_v it_o be_v indifferent_a for_o he_o to_o command_v another_o to_o do_v that_o to_o which_o he_o have_v no_o right_a himself_o it_o be_v only_o then_o a_o matter_n indifferent_a for_o a_o usurper_n to_o command_v when_o the_o action_n enjoin_v be_v such_o as_o the_o lawful_a superior_a be_v command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o subject_n by_o the_o same_o or_o other_o like_a restriction_n of_o such_o indifferent_a thing_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v hinder_v will_v have_v command_v the_o same_o or_o the_o like_a law_n observation_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o government_n upon_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o leviathan_n mr._n milton_n against_o salmasius_n h._n grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n mr._n
hunton_n treatise_n of_o monarchy_n arist._n pol._n lib._n 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o preface_n with_o no_o small_a content_n i_o read_v mr._n hobs_n book_n de_fw-fr cive_z and_o his_o leviathan_n about_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n which_o no_o man_n that_o i_o know_v have_v so_o ample_o and_o judicious_o handle_v i_o consent_v with_o he_o about_o the_o right_n of_o exercise_v government_n but_o i_o can_v agree_v to_o his_o mean_n of_o acquire_v it_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a i_o shall_v praise_v his_o building_n and_o yet_o mislike_v his_o foundation_n but_o so_o it_o be_v his_o jus_fw-la naturae_fw-la and_o his_o regnum_fw-la institutivum_fw-la will_v not_o down_o with_o i_o they_o appear_v full_a of_o contradiction_n and_o impossibility_n a_o few_o short_a note_n about_o they_o i_o here_o offer_v wish_v he_o will_v consider_v whether_o his_o building_n will_v not_o stand_v firm_a upon_o the_o principle_n of_o regnum_fw-la patrimoniale_a as_o he_o call_v it_o both_o according_a to_o scripture_n and_o reason_n since_o he_o confess_v the_o father_n be_v before_o the_o institution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v original_o a_o absolute_a sovereign_n with_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o that_o a_o great_a family_n as_o to_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v a_o little_a monarchy_n if_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n he_o have_v handle_v paternal_a government_n before_o that_o by_o institution_n there_o will_v have_v be_v little_a liberty_n leave_v in_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o family_n to_o consent_v to_o institution_n of_o government_n in_o his_o plead_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o people_n he_o arm_v they_o with_o a_o very_a large_a commission_n of_o array_n which_o be_v a_o right_a in_o nature_n for_o every_o man_n to_o war_n against_o every_o man_n when_o he_o please_v and_o also_o a_o right_n for_o all_o the_o people_n to_o govern_v this_o latter_a point_n although_o he_o affirm_v in_o word_n yet_o by_o consequence_n he_o deny_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v he_o say_v a_o representative_a may_v be_v of_o all_o or_o but_o of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o people_n if_o it_o be_v of_o all_o he_o term_v it_o a_o democraty_n which_o be_v the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n but_o how_o can_v such_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v generate_v for_o if_o every_o man_n covenant_n with_o every_o man_n who_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o be_v the_o representative_a if_o all_o must_v be_v representative_n who_o will_v remain_v to_o covenant_n for_o â—…e_o that_o be_v sovereign_n make_v no_o covenant_n by_o his_o doctrine_n it_o be_v not_o all_o that_o will_v come_v together_o that_o make_v the_o democraty_n but_o all_o that_o have_v power_n by_o covenant_n thus_o his_o democraty_n by_o institution_n fail_v the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o a_o democraty_n by_o acquisition_n for_o if_o all_o be_v conqueror_n who_o shall_v covenant_n for_o life_n and_o liberty_n and_o if_o all_o be_v not_o conqueror_n how_o can_v it_o be_v a_o democraty_n by_o conquest_n a_o paternal_a democraty_n i_o be_o confident_a he_o will_v not_o affirm_v so_o that_o in_o conclusion_n the_o poor_a people_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o government_n if_o there_o can_v be_v no_o democraty_n by_o his_o principle_n next_o if_o a_o representative_a aristocratical_a of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v free_a from_o covenant_v than_o that_o whole_a assembly_n call_v it_o what_o you_o will_v though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o great_a be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n and_o every_o one_o of_o that_o assembly_n have_v a_o right_a not_o only_o to_o kill_v any_o of_o the_o subject_n that_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o street_n but_o also_o they_o all_o have_v a_o natural_a right_o to_o cut_v one_o another_o throat_n even_o while_o they_o sit_v together_o in_o council_n by_o his_o principle_n in_o this_o miserable_a condition_n of_o war_n be_v his_o representative_a aristocratical_a by_o institution_n a_o commonwealth_n by_o conquest_n he_o teach_v be_v then_o acquire_v when_o the_o vanquish_a to_o avoid_v present_a death_n covenant_v that_o so_o long_o as_o his_o life_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o his_o body_n be_v allow_v he_o the_o victor_n shall_v have_v the_o use_v of_o it_o at_o his_o pleasure_n here_o i_o will_v know_v how_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o vanquish_a can_v be_v allow_v if_o the_o victor_n have_v the_o use_v of_o it_o at_o pleasure_n or_o how_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o the_o victor_n to_o perform_v his_o covenant_n except_o he_o can_v always_o stand_v by_o every_o particular_a man_n to_o protect_v his_o life_n and_o liberty_n in_o his_o review_n and_o conclusion_n he_o resolve_v that_o a_o ordinary_a subject_n have_v liberty_n to_o submit_v when_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o life_n be_v within_o the_o guard_n and_o garrison_n of_o the_o enemy_n it_o seem_v hereby_o that_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n by_o institution_n may_v be_v forfeit_v for_o the_o subject_n can_v be_v at_o liberty_n to_o submit_v to_o a_o conqueror_n except_o his_o former_a subjection_n be_v forfeit_v for_o want_v of_o protection_n if_o his_o conqueror_n be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n when_o he_o conquer_v he_o have_v a_o right_a without_o any_o covenant_n make_v with_o the_o conquer_a if_o conquest_n be_v define_v to_o be_v the_o acquire_v of_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n by_o victory_n why_o be_v it_o say_v the_o right_o be_v acquire_v in_o the_o people_n submission_n by_o which_o they_o contract_v with_o the_o victor_n promise_v obedience_n for_o life_n and_o liberty_n have_v not_o every_o one_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n a_o right_n to_o sovereignty_n before_o conquest_n which_o only_o put_v he_o in_o possession_n of_o his_o right_n if_o his_o conqueror_n be_v not_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n but_o a_o subject_a by_o covenant_n how_o can_v he_o get_v a_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n by_o conquest_n when_o neither_o he_o himself_o have_v right_o to_o conquer_v nor_o subject_n a_o liberty_n to_o submit_v since_o a_o former_a contract_n lawful_o make_v can_v lawful_o be_v break_v by_o they_o i_o wish_v the_o title_n of_o the_o book_n have_v not_o be_v of_o a_o commonwealth_n but_o of_o a_o weal_n public_a or_o common-weal_n which_o be_v the_o true_a word_n careful_o observe_v by_o our_o translator_n of_o bodin_n de_fw-fr republica_n into_o english_a many_o ignorant_a man_n be_v apâ—…_n by_o the_o name_n of_o commonwealth_n to_o understand_v a_o popular_a government_n wherein_o wealth_n and_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v common_a tend_v to_o the_o level_a community_n in_o the_o state_n of_o pure_a nature_n observation_n on_o mr._n hobs_n leviathan_n or_o his_o artificial_a man_n a_o commonwealth_n i._o if_o god_n create_v only_a adam_n and_o of_o a_o piece_n of_o he_o make_v the_o woman_n and_o if_o by_o generation_n from_o they_o two_o as_o part_n of_o they_o all_o mankind_n be_v propagate_v if_o also_o god_n give_v to_o adam_n not_o only_o the_o dominion_n over_o the_o woman_n and_o the_o child_n that_o shall_v issue_v from_o they_o but_o also_o over_o the_o whole_a earth_n to_o subdue_v it_o and_o over_o all_o the_o creature_n on_o it_o so_o that_o as_o long_o as_o adam_n live_v no_o man_n can_v claim_v or_o enjoy_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o donation_n assignation_n or_o permission_n from_o he_o i_o wonder_v how_o the_o right_a of_o nature_n can_v be_v imagine_v by_o mr._n hobbs_n which_o he_o say_v pag._n 64._o be_v a_o liberty_n for_o each_o man_n to_o use_v his_o own_o power_n as_o he_o will_v himself_o for_o preservation_n of_o his_o own_o life_n a_o condition_n of_o war_n of_o every_o one_o against_o every_o one_o a_o right_a of_o every_o man_n to_o every_o thing_n even_o to_o one_o another_o body_n especial_o since_o himself_o affirm_v pag._n 178._o that_o original_o the_o father_n of_o every_o man_n be_v also_o his_o sovereign_a lord_n with_o power_n over_o he_o of_o life_n and_o death_n two_o mr._n hobbs_n confess_v and_o believe_v it_o be_v never_o general_o so_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o jus_o naturae_fw-la and_o if_o not_o general_o than_o not_o at_o all_o for_o one_o exception_n bar_v all_o if_o he_o mark_v it_o well_o whereas_o he_o imagine_v such_o a_o right_n of_o nature_n may_v be_v now_o practise_v in_o america_n he_o confess_v a_o government_n there_o of_o family_n which_o government_n how_o small_a or_o brutish_a soever_o as_o he_o call_v it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o destroy_v his_o jus_o naturale_fw-la iii_o i_o can_v understand_v how_o this_o right_a of_o nature_n can_v be_v conceive_v without_o imagine_v a_o company_n of_o man_n at_o the_o very_a first_o to_o have_v be_v all_o create_v together_o without_o any_o dependency_n one_o of_o another_o or_o as_o mushroom_n fungorum_fw-la more_o they_o all_o on_o a_o sudden_a be_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n without_o any_o
his_o own_o will._n v._o if_o it_o be_v demand_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n people_n 1._o sometime_o it_o be_v populus_fw-la universus_fw-la and_o then_o every_o child_n must_v have_v his_o consent_n ask_v which_o be_v impossible_a 2._o sometime_o it_o be_v pars_fw-la major_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v pars_fw-la potior_fw-la &_o sanior_fw-la how_o the_o major_a part_n where_o all_o be_v alike_o free_a can_v bind_v the_o minor_a part_n be_v not_o yet_o prove_v but_o it_o seem_v the_o major_a part_n will_v not_o carry_v it_o nor_o be_v allow_v except_o they_o be_v the_o better_a part_n and_o the_o sound_a part_n we_o be_v tell_v the_o sound_a part_n implore_v the_o help_n of_o the_o army_n when_o it_o see_v itself_o and_o the_o commonwealth_n betray_v and_o that_o the_o soldier_n judge_v better_a than_o the_o great_a council_n and_o by_o arm_n save_v the_o commonwealth_n which_o the_o great_a council_n have_v almost_o damn_v by_o their_o vote_n p._n 7._o here_o we_o see_v what_o the_o people_n be_v to_o wit_n the_o sound_a part_n of_o which_o the_o army_n be_v the_o judge_n thus_o upon_o the_o matter_n the_o soldier_n be_v the_o people_n which_o be_v so_o we_o may_v discern_v where_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n lie_v which_o we_o be_v teach_v to_o consist_v all_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v pag._n 61._o a_o miserable_a liberty_n which_o be_v only_o to_o choose_v to_o who_o we_o will_v give_v our_o liberty_n which_o we_o may_v not_o keep_v see_v more_o concern_v the_o people_n in_o a_o book_n entitle_v the_o anarchy_n p._n 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 13_o 14._o vi_o we_o be_v teach_v that_o a_o father_n and_o a_o king_n be_v thing_n most_o diverse_a the_o father_n beget_v we_o but_o not_o the_o king_n but_o we_o create_v the_o king_n nature_n give_v a_o father_n to_o the_o people_n the_o people_n give_v themselves_o a_o king_n if_o the_o father_n kill_v his_o son_n he_o lose_v his_o life_n why_o shall_v not_o the_o king_n also_o p._n 34._o ans._n father_n and_o king_n be_v not_o so_o diverse_a it_o be_v confess_v that_o at_o first_o they_o be_v all_o one_o for_o there_o be_v confess_v paternum_n imperium_fw-la &_o haereditarium_fw-la p._n 141._o and_o this_o fatherly_a empire_n as_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o hereditary_a so_o it_o be_v alienable_a by_o patent_n and_o seizable_a by_o a_o usurper_n as_o other_o good_n be_v and_o thus_o every_o king_n that_o now_o be_v have_v a_o paternal_a empire_n either_o by_o inheritance_n or_o by_o translation_n or_o usurpation_n so_o a_o father_n and_o a_o king_n may_v be_v all_o one_o a_o father_n may_v die_v for_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o son_n where_o there_o be_v a_o superior_a father_n to_o they_o both_o or_o the_o right_n of_o such_o a_o supreme_a father_n but_o where_o there_o be_v only_a father_n and_o son_n no_o son_n can_v question_v the_o father_n for_o the_o death_n of_o their_o brother_n the_o reason_n why_o a_o king_n can_v be_v punish_v be_v not_o because_o he_o be_v except_v from_o punishment_n or_o do_v not_o deserve_v it_o but_o because_o there_o be_v no_o superior_a to_o judge_v he_o but_o god_n only_o to_o who_o he_o be_v reserve_v vii_o it_o be_v say_v thus_o he_o that_o take_v away_o from_o the_o people_n the_o power_n of_o choose_v for_o themselves_o what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v he_o do_v take_v away_o that_o wherein_o all_o civil_a liberty_n almost_o consist_v p._n 65._o if_o almost_o all_o liberty_n be_v in_o choose_v of_o the_o kind_a of_o government_n the_o people_n have_v but_o a_o poor_a bargain_n of_o it_o who_o can_v exercise_v their_o liberty_n but_o in_o chopping_n and_o change_a their_o government_n and_o have_v liberty_n only_o to_o give_v away_o their_o liberty_n than_o which_o there_o be_v no_o great_a mischief_n as_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o endless_a sedition_n viii_o if_o there_o be_v any_o statute_n in_o our_o law_n by_o which_o thou_o can_v find_v that_o tyrannical_a power_n be_v give_v to_o a_o king_n that_o statute_n be_v contrary_a to_o god_n will_v to_o nature_n and_o reason_n understand_v that_o by_o that_o general_a and_o primary_n law_n of_o we_o that_o statute_n be_v to_o be_v repeal_v and_o not_o of_o force_n with_o we_o p._n 153._o here_o if_o any_o man_n may_v be_v judge_n what_o law_n be_v contrary_a to_o god_n will_v or_o to_o nature_n or_o to_o reason_n it_o will_v soon_o bring_v in_o confusion_n most_o man_n that_o offend_v if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v or_o fine_v will_v think_v that_o statute_n that_o give_v all_o fine_n and_o forfeiture_n to_o a_o king_n to_o be_v a_o tyrannical_a law_n thus_o most_o statute_n will_v be_v judge_v void_a and_o all_o our_o forefather_n take_v for_o fool_n or_o madman_n to_o make_v all_o our_o law_n to_o give_v all_o penalty_n to_o the_o king_n ix_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n do_v lie_v not_o in_o desire_v a_o king_n but_o in_o desire_v such_o a_o king_n like_o as_o the_o nation_n round_o about_o have_v they_o disinherit_v god_n almighty_a that_o govern_v they_o by_o the_o monarchical_a power_n of_o samuel_n in_o the_o time_n of_o oppression_n when_o god_n provide_v a_o judge_n for_o they_o but_o they_o desire_v a_o perpetual_a and_o hereditary_a king_n that_o they_o may_v never_o want_v in_o desire_v a_o king_n they_o can_v not_o sin_n for_o it_o be_v but_o desire_v what_o they_o enjoy_v by_o god_n special_a providence_n x._o man_n be_v persuade_v that_o in_o make_v of_o a_o covenant_n something_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v on_o both_o part_n by_o mutual_a stipulation_n which_o be_v not_o always_o true_a for_o we_o find_v god_n make_v a_o covenant_n with_o noah_n and_o his_o seed_n with_o all_o the_o fowl_n and_o the_o cattle_n not_o to_o destroy_v the_o earth_n any_o more_o by_o a_o flood_n this_o covenant_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v on_o god_n part_n neither_o noah_n nor_o the_o fowl_n nor_o the_o cattle_n be_v to_o perform_v any_o thing_n by_o this_o covenant_n on_o the_o other_o side_n gen._n 17._o 9_o 10._o god_n covenant_n with_o abraham_n say_v thou_o shall_v keep_v my_o covenant_n every_o male_a child_n among_o you_o shall_v be_v circumcise_v here_o it_o be_v call_v god_n covenant_n though_o it_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v only_o by_o abraham_n so_o a_o covenant_n may_v be_v call_v the_o king_n covenant_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o he_o and_o yet_o to_o be_v perform_v only_o by_o the_o people_n so_o also_o 2_o kin._n 11._o 17._o jehoiada_n make_v a_o covenant_n between_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o lord_n people_n between_o the_o king_n also_o and_o the_o people_n which_o may_v well_o be_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v the_o king_n servant_n and_o not_o for_o the_o king_n be_v covenanting_a to_o keep_v any_o humane_a law_n for_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a the_o king_n shall_v either_o covenant_n or_o take_v any_o oath_n to_o the_o people_n when_o he_o be_v but_o seven_o year_n of_o age_n and_o that_o never_o any_o king_n of_o israel_n take_v a_o coronation-oath_n that_o can_v be_v show_v when_o jehoiada_n show_v the_o king_n to_o the_o ruler_n in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o lord_n he_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o the_o people_n he_o do_v not_o article_n with_o they_o but_o say_v the_o next_o verse_n command_v they_o to_o keep_v a_o watch_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v compass_v the_o king_n around_o about_o every_o man_n with_o his_o weapon_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o he_o that_o come_v within_o the_o range_v let_v he_o be_v slay_v xi_o to_o the_o text_n where_o the_o word_n of_o a_o king_n be_v there_o be_v power_n and_o who_o may_v say_v unto_o he_o what_o do_v thou_o j._n m._n give_v this_o answer_n it_o be_v apparent_a enough_o that_o the_o preacher_n in_o this_o place_n give_v precept_n to_o every_o private_a man_n not_o to_o the_o great_a sanhedrin_n nor_o to_o the_o senate_n shall_v not_o the_o noble_n shall_v not_o all_o the_o other_o magistrate_n shall_v not_o the_o whole_a people_n dare_v to_o mutter_v so_o oft_o as_o the_o king_n please_v to_o dote_v we_o must_v here_o note_v that_o the_o great_a council_n and_o all_o other_o magistrate_n or_o noble_n or_o the_o whole_a people_n compare_v to_o the_o king_n be_v all_o but_o private_a man_n if_o they_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o he_o they_o be_v magistrate_n under_o he_o and_o out_o of_o his_o presence_n for_o when_o he_o be_v in_o place_n they_o be_v but_o so_o many_o private_a man_n i._o m._n ask_v who_o swear_v to_o a_o king_n unless_o the_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v swear_v
and_o mixture_n but_o a_o anonymus_fw-la author_n i_o have_v draw_v a_o few_o brief_a observation_n upon_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o his_o treatise_n in_o which_o i_o desire_v to_o receive_v satisfaction_n from_o the_o author_n himself_o if_o it_o may_v be_v according_a to_o his_o promise_n in_o his_o preface_n or_o if_o not_o from_o he_o from_o any_o other_o for_o he_o the_o anarchy_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n there_o be_v scarce_o the_o mean_a man_n of_o the_o multitude_n but_o can_v now_o in_o these_o day_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v a_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n and_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n since_o all_o the_o dispute_v and_o argument_n of_o these_o distract_a time_n both_o from_o the_o pulpit_n and_o the_o press_n to_o tend_v and_o end_v in_o this_o conclusion_n the_o author_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n have_v copious_o handle_v the_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n and_o be_v the_o first_o and_o only_a man_n that_o i_o know_v have_v undertake_v the_o task_n of_o describe_v it_o other_o only_o mention_v it_o as_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v doctor_n ferne_n give_v the_o author_n of_o this_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n this_o testimony_n that_o the_o mixture_n of_o government_n be_v more_o accurate_o deliver_v 3._o and_o urge_v by_o this_o treatise_n than_o by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o full_a answer_n and_o in_o another_o place_n doctor_n ferne_n say_v he_o allow_v his_o distinction_n of_o monarchy_n into_o limit_a and_o mix_v 13._o i_o have_v with_o some_o diligence_n look_v over_o this_o treatise_n but_o can_v approve_v of_o these_o distinction_n which_o he_o propound_v i_o submit_v the_o reason_n of_o my_o dislike_n to_o other_o judgement_n i_o be_o somewhat_o confident_a that_o his_o doctrine_n of_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n be_v a_o opinion_n but_o of_o yesterday_o and_o of_o no_o antiquity_n a_o mere_a innovation_n in_o policy_n not_o so_o old_a as_o new_a england_n though_o calculate_v proper_o for_o that_o meridian_n for_o in_o his_o first_o part_n of_o the_o treatise_n which_o concern_v monarchy_n in_o general_n there_o be_v not_o one_o proof_n text_n or_o example_n in_o scripture_n that_o he_o have_v produce_v to_o justify_v his_o conceit_n of_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n neither_o do_v he_o afford_v we_o so_o much_o as_o one_o passage_n or_o reason_n out_o of_o aristotle_n who_o book_n of_o politic_n and_o who_o natural_a reason_n be_v of_o great_a authority_n and_o credit_n with_o all_o rational_a man_n next_o to_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n nay_o i_o hope_v i_o may_v affirm_v and_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v that_o arist._n do_v confute_v both_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n howsoever_o doctor_n ferne_n think_v these_o new_a opinion_n to_o be_v raise_v upon_o 6._o arist._n principle_n as_o for_o other_o politician_n or_o historian_n either_o divine_a or_o humane_a ancient_a or_o modern_a our_o author_n bring_v not_o one_o to_o confirm_v his_o opinion_n nor_o do_v he_o nor_o can_v he_o show_v that_o ever_o any_o nation_n or_o people_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n machivel_n be_v the_o first_o in_o christendom_n that_o i_o can_v find_v that_o write_v of_o a_o mix_a government_n but_o not_o one_o syllable_n of_o a_o mix_a monarchy_n he_o in_o his_o discourse_n or_o disputation_n upon_o the_o decade_n of_o livy_n fall_v so_o enamour_v with_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n that_o he_o think_v he_o can_v never_o sufficient_o grace_v that_o popular_a government_n unless_o he_o say_v there_o be_v something_o of_o monarchy_n in_o it_o yet_o he_o be_v never_o so_o impudent_a as_o to_o say_v it_o be_v a_o mix_a monarchy_n and_o what_o machivel_n have_v say_v for_o rome_n the_o like_a have_v contarene_n for_o venice_n but_o bodin_n have_v lay_v open_a the_o error_n of_o both_o these_o as_o also_o of_o polybius_n and_o some_o few_o other_o that_o hold_v the_o like_a opinion_n as_o for_o the_o kingome_n of_o england_n if_o it_o have_v find_v out_o a_o form_n of_o government_n as_o the_o treatise_n lay_v it_o down_o of_o such_o perfection_n as_o never_o any_o people_n can_v it_o be_v both_o a_o glory_n to_o the_o nation_n and_o also_o to_o this_o author_n who_o have_v first_o decipher_v it_o i_o now_o make_v my_o approach_n to_o the_o book_n itself_o the_o title_n be_v a_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n the_o first_o part_n of_o it_o be_v of_o monarchy_n in_o general_n where_o first_o i_o charge_v the_o author_n that_o he_o have_v not_o give_v we_o any_o definition_n or_o description_n of_o monarchy_n in_o general_n for_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o method_n he_o shall_v have_v first_o define_v and_o then_o divide_v for_o if_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n then_o in_o something_o they_o must_v agree_v which_o make_v they_o to_o be_v monarchy_n and_o in_o something_o they_o must_v disagree_v and_o differ_v which_o make_v they_o to_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o shall_v have_v show_v we_o in_o what_o they_o all_o agree_v which_o must_v have_v be_v a_o definition_n of_o monarchy_n in_o general_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o treatise_n and_o except_o that_o be_v agree_v upon_o we_o shall_v argue_v upon_o we_o know_v not_o what_o i_o press_v not_o this_o main_a omission_n of_o our_o author_n out_o of_o any_o humour_n of_o wrangle_a but_o because_o i_o be_o confident_a that_o have_v he_o pitch_v upon_o any_o definition_n of_o monarchy_n in_o general_n his_o own_o definition_n will_v have_v confute_v his_o whole_a treatise_n beside_o i_o find_v he_o please_v to_o give_v we_o a_o handsome_a definition_n of_o absolute_a monarchy_n from_o whence_o i_o may_v infer_v that_o he_o know_v no_o other_o definition_n that_o will_v have_v fit_v all_o his_o other_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n it_o concern_v he_o to_o have_v produce_v it_o lest_o it_o may_v be_v think_v there_o can_v be_v no_o monarchy_n but_o absolute_a what_o our_o author_n have_v omit_v i_o shall_v attempt_v to_o supply_v and_o leave_v to_o the_o scan_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o real_a as_o well_o as_o nominal_a definition_n of_o monarchy_n a_o monarchy_n be_v the_o government_n of_o one_o alone_a for_o the_o better_a credit_n of_o this_o definition_n though_o it_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v itself_o yet_o i_o shall_v deduce_v it_o from_o the_o principle_n of_o our_o author_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n we_o all_o know_v that_o this_o word_n monarch_n be_v compound_v of_o two_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v imperare_fw-la to_o govern_v and_o rule_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v one_o alone_a the_o understanding_n of_o these_o two_o word_n may_v be_v pick_v out_o of_o our_o author_n first_o for_o government_n he_o teach_v we_o it_o be_v potestatis_fw-la exercitium_fw-la 1._o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o moral_a power_n next_o he_o grant_v we_o that_o every_o monarch_n even_o his_o limit_a monarch_n must_v have_v the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o state_n in_o he_o so_o that_o his_o power_n must_v no_o way_n be_v limit_v 12._o by_o any_o power_n above_o he_o for_o than_o he_o be_v not_o a_o monarch_n but_o a_o subordinate_a magistrate_n here_o we_o have_v a_o fair_a confession_n of_o a_o supreme_a unlimited_a power_n in_o his_o limit_a monarch_n if_o you_o will_v know_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o these_o word_n supreme_a power_n turn_v to_o his_o 26_o page_n there_o you_o will_v find_v supreme_a power_n be_v either_o legislative_a or_o gubernative_a and_o that_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o two_o he_o make_v both_o supreme_a and_o yet_o one_o chief_a the_o like_a distinction_n he_o have_v before_o where_o he_o say_v the_o power_n of_o magistracy_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o degree_n be_v 5._o nomothetical_a or_o architectonical_a and_o gubernative_a or_o executive_a by_o these_o word_n of_o legislative_a nomothetical_a and_o architectonical_a power_n in_o plain_a english_a he_o understand_v a_o power_n of_o make_v law_n and_o by_o gubernative_a and_o executive_a a_o power_n of_o put_v those_o law_n in_o execution_n by_o judge_v and_o punish_v offender_n the_o result_n we_o have_v from_o hence_o be_v that_o by_o the_o author_n acknowledgement_n every_o monarch_n must_v have_v the_o supreme_a power_n and_o that_o supreme_a power_n be_v a_o power_n to_o make_v law_n and_o howsoever_o the_o author_n make_v the_o gubernative_a and_o executive_a power_n a_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n yet_o he_o confess_v the_o legislative_a to_o be_v chief_a or_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o power_n for_o he_o do_v acknowledge_v degree_n of_o supreme_a power_n nay_o he_o afterward_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v the_o height_n
please_v to_o give_v he_o and_o such_o law_n to_o govern_v by_o as_o they_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o can_v he_o show_v that_o ever_o any_o monarch_n be_v so_o gracious_a or_o kind-hearted_a as_o to_o lay_v down_o his_o lawful_a power_n free_o at_o his_o subject_n foot_n be_v it_o not_o sufficient_a grace_n if_o such_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n be_v content_a to_o set_v down_o a_o law_n to_o himself_o by_o which_o he_o will_v ordinary_o govern_v but_o he_o must_v needs_o relinquish_v his_o old_a independent_a commission_n and_o take_v a_o new_a one_o from_o his_o subject_n clog_v with_o limitation_n final_o i_o observe_v that_o howsoever_o our_o author_n speak_v big_a of_o the_o radical_a fundamental_a and_o original_a power_n of_o the_o people_n as_o the_o root_n of_o all_o sovereignty_n yet_o in_o a_o better_a mood_n he_o will_v take_v up_o and_o be_v content_v with_o a_o monarchy_n limit_v by_o a_o after-condescent_n and_o act_n of_o grace_n from_o the_o monarch_n himself_o thus_o i_o have_v brief_o touch_v his_o ground_n of_o limit_a monarchy_n if_o now_o we_o shall_v ask_v what_o proof_n or_o example_n he_o have_v to_o justify_v his_o doctrine_n he_o be_v as_o mute_a as_o a_o fish_n only_a pythagoras_n have_v say_v it_o and_o we_o must_v believe_v he_o for_o though_o our_o author_n will_v have_v monarchy_n to_o be_v limit_v yet_o he_o can_v be_v content_a his_o opinion_n shall_v be_v absolute_a and_o not_o limit_v to_o any_o rule_n or_o example_n the_o main_a charge_n i_o have_v against_o our_o author_n now_o remain_v to_o be_v discuss_v and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o instead_o of_o a_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n he_o have_v bring_v forth_o a_o treatise_n of_o anarchy_n and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o confession_n shall_v be_v make_v good_a first_o he_o hold_v a_o limit_a monarch_n transcend_v his_o bound_n if_o he_o command_v beyond_o the_o law_n and_o the_o subject_a legal_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o subjection_n in_o such_o case_n now_o if_o you_o ask_v the_o author_n who_o shall_v be_v judge_n whether_o the_o monarch_n transcend_v his_o bound_n and_o of_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n his_o answer_n be_v there_o be_v a_o impossibility_n of_o constitute_v 16._o a_o judge_n to_o determine_v this_o last_o controversy_n i_o conceive_v in_o a_o limit_a legal_a 17._o monarchy_n there_o can_v be_v no_o state_v internal_a judge_n of_o the_o monarch_n action_n if_o there_o grow_v a_o fundamental_a â—…riance_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o community_n there_o can_v be_v no_o judge_n legal_a and_o constitute_v within_o that_o form_n of_o government_n in_o these_o answer_v it_o appear_v there_o be_v no_o judge_n to_o determine_v the_o sovereign_n or_o the_o monarch_n transgress_v his_o fundamental_a limit_n yet_o our_o author_n be_v very_o cautelous_a and_o suppose_v only_o a_o fundamental_a variance_n betwixt_o the_o monarch_n and_o the_o community_n he_o be_v ashamed_a to_o put_v the_o question_n home_o i_o demand_v of_o he_o if_o there_o be_v a_o variance_n betwixt_o the_o monarch_n and_o any_o of_o the_o mean_a person_n of_o the_o community_n who_o shall_v be_v the_o judge_n for_o instance_n the_o king_n command_v i_o or_o give_v judgement_n against_o i_o i_o reply_v his_o command_n be_v illegal_a and_o his_o judgement_n not_o according_a to_o law_n who_o must_v judge_v if_o the_o monarch_n himself_o judge_v than_o you_o destroy_v the_o frame_n of_o the_o state_n and_o make_v it_o absolute_a say_v our_o author_n and_o he_o give_v his_o reason_n for_o to_o define_v a_o monarch_n to_o a_o law_n and_o then_o to_o make_v he_o judge_v of_o his_o own_o deviation_n from_o that_o law_n be_v to_o absolve_v he_o from_o all_o law_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o any_o or_o all_o the_o people_n may_v judge_v than_o you_o put_v the_o sovereignty_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o part_n of_o it_o and_o destroy_v the_o be_v of_o monarchy_n thus_o our_o author_n have_v catch_v himself_o in_o a_o plain_a dilemma_n if_o the_o king_n be_v judge_n than_o he_o be_v no_o limit_a monarch_n if_o the_o people_n be_v judge_n than_o he_o be_v no_o monarch_n at_o all_o so_o farewell_o limit_a monarchy_n nay_o farewell_o all_o government_n if_o there_o be_v no_o judge_n will_v you_o know_v what_o help_n our_o author_n have_v find_v out_o for_o this_o mischief_n first_o he_o say_v that_o a_o subject_a be_v bind_v to_o yield_v to_o a_o magistrate_n 14._o when_o he_o can_v the_o jure_fw-la challenge_v obedience_n if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o thing_n in_o which_o he_o can_v possible_o without_o subversion_n and_o in_o which_o his_o act_n may_v not_o be_v make_v a_o lead_a case_n and_o so_o bring_v on_o a_o prescription_n against_o public_a liberty_n again_o he_o say_v if_o the_o act_n in_o which_o the_o exorbitance_n or_o transgression_n 17._o of_o the_o monarch_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v bâ—…_n of_o lesser_a moment_n and_o not_o strike_v at_o the_o very_o be_v of_o that_o government_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v bear_v by_o public_a patience_n rather_o than_o to_o endanger_v the_o be_v of_o the_o state_n the_o like_a word_n he_o use_v in_o another_o place_n say_v if_o the_o will_n of_o the_o monarch_n 49._o exceed_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o law_n it_o ought_v to_o bâ—…_n submit_v to_o so_o it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o god_n law_n nor_o bring_v with_o it_o such_o a_o evil_a to_o ourselves_o or_o the_o public_a that_o we_o can_v be_v accessary_a to_o it_o by_o obey_v these_o be_v but_o figleaf_n to_o cover_v the_o nakedness_n of_o our_o author_n limit_v monarch_n form_v upon_o weak_a supposal_n in_o case_n of_o lesser_a moment_n for_o if_o the_o monarch_n be_v to_o govern_v only_o according_a to_o law_n no_o transgression_n of_o he_o can_v be_v of_o so_o small_a moment_n if_o he_o break_v the_o bound_n of_o law_n but_o it_o be_v a_o subversion_n of_o the_o government_n itself_o and_o may_v be_v make_v a_o lead_a case_n and_o so_o bring_v on_o a_o prescription_n against_o public_a liberty_n it_o strike_v at_o the_o very_o be_v of_o the_o government_n and_o bring_v with_o it_o such_o a_o evil_a as_o the_o party_n that_o suffer_v or_o the_o public_a can_v be_v accessary_a to_o let_v the_o case_n be_v never_o so_o small_a yet_o if_o there_o be_v illegality_n in_o the_o act_n it_o strike_v â—…t_v the_o very_a be_v of_o limit_a monarchy_n which_o be_v to_o be_v legal_a unless_o our_o author_n will_v say_v as_o in_o effect_n he_o do_v that_o his_o limit_a monarch_n must_v govern_v according_a to_o law_n in_o great_a and_o public_a matter_n only_o and_o that_o in_o small_a matter_n which_o concern_v private_a man_n or_o poor_a person_n he_o may_v rule_v according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n second_o our_o author_n tell_v we_o if_o the_o monarch_n 17._o act_n of_o exorbitancy_n or_o transgression_n be_v mortal_a and_o such_o as_o suffer_v dissolve_v the_o frame_n of_o government_n and_o public_a liberty_n than_o the_o illegality_n be_v to_o be_v sâ—…t_o open_a and_o redresment_n seek_v by_o petition_n which_o if_o fail_v prevention_n by_o resistance_n ought_v to_o be_v and_o if_o it_o be_v apparent_a and_o appeal_v be_v make_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o mankind_n than_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o that_o monarchy_n must_v judge_v and_o pronounce_v the_o sentence_n in_o every_o man_n conscience_n and_o every_o man_n so_o far_o as_o concern_v he_o must_v follow_v the_o evidence_n of_o truth_n in_o his_o own_o soul_n to_o oppose_v or_o not_o to_o oppose_v according_a as_o he_o can_v in_o conscience_n acquit_v or_o condemn_v the_o act_n of_o the_o governor_n or_o monarch_n whereas_o my_o author_n require_v that_o the_o destructive_a nature_n of_o illegal_a command_n shall_v be_v set_v open_a sure_o his_o mind_n be_v that_o each_o private_a man_n in_o his_o particular_a case_n shall_v make_v a_o public_a remonstrance_n to_o the_o world_n of_o the_o illegal_a act_n of_o the_o monarch_n and_o than_o if_o upon_o his_o petition_n he_o can_v be_v relieve_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n he_o ought_v or_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o make_v resistance_n here_o i_o will_v know_v who_o can_v be_v the_o judge_n whether_o the_o illegality_n be_v make_v apparent_a it_o be_v a_o main_a point_n since_o every_o man_n be_v prone_a to_o flatter_v himself_o in_o his_o own_o cause_n and_o to_o think_v it_o good_a and_o that_o the_o wrong_n or_o injustice_n he_o suffer_v be_v apparent_a when_o other_o moderate_a and_o indifferent_a man_n can_v discover_v no_o such_o thing_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o common_a people_n can_v be_v gather_v or_o know_v by_o any_o possible_a mean_n or_o if_o it_o can_v it_o be_v like_a to_o be_v various_a and_o erroneous_a yet_o our_o author_n will_v have_v a_o appeal_v make_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o mankind_n and_o
a_o little_a enquiry_n will_v be_v make_v into_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o government_n of_o these_o kingdom_n for_o these_o northern_a people_n as_o bodin_n observe_v breath_n after_o liberty_n first_o for_o poland_n boterus_n say_v that_o the_o government_n of_o it_o be_v elective_a altogether_o and_o represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o kingdom_n the_o nobility_n who_o have_v great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n choose_v the_o king_n and_o limit_v his_o authority_n make_v his_o sovereignty_n but_o a_o slavish_a royalty_n these_o diminution_n of_o regality_n begin_v first_o by_o default_n of_o king_n lewis_n and_o jagello_n who_o to_o gain_v the_o succession_n in_o the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n one_o for_o his_o daughter_n and_o the_o other_o for_o his_o son_n depart_v with_o many_o of_o his_o royalty_n and_o prerogative_n to_o buy_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o french_a author_n of_o the_o book_n call_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o world_n do_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o prince_n authority_n be_v more_o free_a not_o be_v subject_n to_o any_o law_n and_o have_v absolute_a power_n not_o only_o of_o their_o estate_n but_o also_o of_o life_n and_o death_n since_o christian_a religion_n be_v receive_v it_o begin_v to_o be_v moderate_v first_o by_o holy_a admonition_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n and_o then_o by_o service_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o war_n religious_a prince_n give_v many_o honour_n and_o many_o liberty_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n and_o quit_v much_o of_o their_o right_n the_o which_o their_o successor_n have_v continue_v the_o superior_a dignity_n be_v reduce_v to_o two_o degree_n that_o be_v the_o palatinate_n and_o the_o chastelleine_a for_o that_o king_n in_o former_a time_n do_v by_o little_a and_o little_o call_v these_o man_n to_o public_a consultation_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o have_v absolute_a power_n to_o do_v all_o thing_n of_o themselves_o to_o command_v dispose_n recompense_n and_o punish_v of_o their_o own_o motion_n since_o they_o have_v ordain_v that_o these_o dignity_n shall_v make_v the_o body_n of_o a_o senate_n the_o king_n do_v not_o challenge_v much_o right_a and_o power_n over_o his_o nobility_n nor_o over_o their_o estate_n neither_o have_v he_o any_o over_o the_o clergy_n and_o though_o the_o king_n authority_n depend_v on_o the_o nobility_n for_o his_o election_n yet_o in_o many_o thing_n it_o be_v absolute_a after_o he_o be_v choose_v he_o appoint_v the_o diet_n at_o what_o time_n and_o place_n he_o please_v he_o choose_v lay-councellor_n and_o nominate_v the_o bishop_n and_o who_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v his_o privy_a council_n he_o be_v absolute_a disposer_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v absolute_a establisher_n of_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o diet_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o advance_v and_o reward_v who_o he_o please_v he_o be_v lord_n immediate_a of_o his_o subject_n but_o not_o of_o his_o nobility_n he_o be_v sovereign_a judge_n of_o his_o nobility_n in_o criminal_a cause_n the_o power_n of_o the_o nobility_n daily_o increase_v for_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o king_n election_n they_o neither_o have_v law_n rule_n nor_o form_n to_o do_v it_o neither_o by_o write_v nor_o tradition_n as_o the_o king_n govern_v his_o subject_n which_o be_v immediate_o he_o with_o absolute_a authority_n so_o the_o nobility_n dispose_v immediate_o of_o their_o vassal_n over_o who_o every_o one_o have_v more_o than_o a_o regal_a power_n so_o as_o they_o entreat_v they_o like_o slave_n there_o be_v certain_a man_n in_o poland_n who_o be_v call_v earthly_a messenger_n or_o nuntio_n they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v agent_n of_o jurisdiction_n or_o circle_n of_o the_o nobility_n these_o have_v a_o certain_a authority_n and_o as_o boterus_n say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o diet_n these_o man_n assemble_v in_o a_o place_n near_o to_o the_o senate-house_n where_o they_o choose_v two_o marshal_n by_o who_o but_o with_o a_o tribune-like_a authority_n they_o signify_v unto_o the_o council_n what_o their_o request_n be_v not_o long_o since_o their_o authority_n and_o reputation_n grow_v so_o mighty_o that_o they_o now_o carry_v themselves_o as_o head_n and_o governor_n rather_o than_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o state_n one_o of_o the_o council_n refuse_v his_o senator_n place_n to_o become_v one_o of_o these_o officer_n every_o palatine_a the_o king_n require_v it_o call_v together_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o palatinate_n where_o have_v propound_v unto_o they_o the_o matter_n whereon_o they_o be_v to_o treat_v and_o their_o will_n be_v know_v they_o choose_v four_o or_o six_o out_o of_o the_o company_n of_o the_o earthly_a messenger_n these_o deputy_n meet_v and_o make_v one_o body_n which_o they_o call_v the_o order_n of_o knight_n this_o be_v of_o late_a year_n the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o the_o observator_fw-la to_o find_v among_o they_o that_o the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n do_v ever_o convene_v to_o do_v justice_n nor_o any_o election_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o community_n or_o that_o the_o people_n assume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a the_o earthly_a messenger_n though_o they_o may_v be_v think_v to_o represent_v the_o commons_o and_o of_o late_o take_v much_o upon_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v elect_v and_o choose_v by_o the_o nobility_n as_o their_o agent_n and_o officer_n the_o community_n be_v either_o vassal_n to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o nobility_n and_o enjoy_v as_o little_a freedom_n or_o liberty_n as_o any_o nation_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v perhaps_o that_o though_o the_o community_n do_v not_o limit_v the_o king_n yet_o the_o nobility_n do_v and_o so_o he_o be_v a_o limit_a monarchy_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o in_o truth_n though_o the_o nobility_n at_o the_o choose_n of_o their_o king_n do_v limit_v his_o power_n and_o do_v give_v he_o a_o oath_n yet_o afterward_o they_o have_v always_o a_o desire_n to_o please_v he_o and_o to_o second_v his_o will_n and_o this_o they_o be_v force_v to_o do_v to_o avoid_v discord_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a power_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o great_a dissension_n not_o only_o among_o themselves_o but_o between_o they_o and_o the_o order_n of_o knight_n which_o be_v the_o earthly_a messenger_n yea_o the_o province_n be_v at_o discord_n one_o with_o another_o and_o as_o for_o religion_n the_o diversity_n of_o sect_n in_o poland_n breed_v perpetual_a jar_n and_o hatred_n among_o the_o people_n there_o be_v as_o many_o sect_n as_o in_o amsterdam_n itself_o or_o any_o popular_a government_n can_v desire_v the_o danger_n of_o sedition_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o though_o the_o crown_n depend_v on_o the_o election_n of_o the_o nobility_n yet_o they_o have_v never_o reject_v the_o king_n successor_n or_o transfer_v the_o realm_n to_o any_o other_o family_n but_o once_o when_o depose_v ladislaus_n for_o his_o idleness_n who_o yet_o afterward_o they_o restore_v they_o elect_v wencelaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n but_o if_o the_o nobility_n do_v agree_v to_o hold_v their_o king_n to_o his_o condition_n which_o be_v not_o to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n of_o noble_n nor_o to_o choose_v any_o wife_n without_o their_o leaf_n than_o it_o must_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o common-weal_n not_o a_o royalty_n and_o the_o king_n but_o only_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o as_o queen_n christina_n complain_v that_o her_o husband_n be_v but_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o sovereign_n next_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v how_o the_o nobility_n of_o poland_n come_v to_o this_o great_a power_n it_o be_v not_o by_o any_o original_a contract_n or_o popular_a convention_n for_o it_o be_v say_v they_o have_v neither_o law_n rule_n nor_o form_n write_v or_o unwritten_a for_o the_o election_n of_o their_o king_n they_o may_v thank_v the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n for_o by_o their_o holy_a admonition_n and_o advice_n good_a and_o religious_a prince_n to_o show_v their_o piety_n be_v first_o bring_v to_o give_v much_o of_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n to_o their_o subject_n devout_a king_n be_v mere_o cheat_v of_o some_o of_o their_o royalty_n what_o power_n soever_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n claim_v or_o exercise_v over_o and_o above_o the_o bare_a naked_a act_n of_o councel_n they_o be_v first_o behold_v to_o the_o popish_a clergy_n for_o it_o it_o be_v they_o first_o bring_v parliament_n into_o request_n and_o power_n i_o can_v find_v in_o any_o kingdom_n but_o only_o where_o popery_n have_v be_v that_o parliament_n have_v be_v of_o reputation_n and_o in_o the_o great_a time_n of_o superstition_n they_o be_v first_o mention_v as_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n
major_a part_n or_o indeed_o any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o any_o nation_n ever_o assemble_v to_o any_o such_o purpose_n for_o except_v by_o some_o secret_a miraculous_a instinct_n they_o shall_v all_o meet_v at_o one_o time_n and_o place_n what_o one_o man_n or_o company_n of_o man_n less_o than_o the_o whole_a people_n have_v power_n to_o appoint_v either_o time_n or_o place_n of_o election_n where_o all_o be_v alike_o free_a by_o nature_n and_o without_o a_o lawful_a summons_n it_o be_v most_o unjust_a to_o bind_v those_o that_o be_v absent_a the_o whole_a people_n can_v summon_v itself_o one_o man_n be_v sick_a another_o be_v lame_a a_o three_o be_v age_v and_o a_o four_o be_v under_o age_n of_o discretion_n all_o these_o at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o or_o at_o some_o place_n or_o other_o may_v be_v able_a to_o meet_v if_o they_o may_v choose_v their_o own_o time_n and_o place_n as_o man_n natural_o free_a shall_v in_o assembly_n that_o be_v by_o humane_a politic_a constitution_n the_o superior_a power_n that_o ordain_v such_o assembly_n can_v regulate_v and_o confine_v they_o both_o for_o time_n place_n person_n and_o other_o circumstance_n but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o equality_n by_o nature_n there_o can_v be_v no_o superior_a power_n there_o every_o infant_n at_o the_o hour_n it_o be_v bear_v in_o have_v a_o like_a interest_n with_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a man_n in_o the_o world_n mankind_n be_v like_o the_o sea_n ever_o ebb_v or_o flow_v every_o minute_n one_o be_v bear_v another_o die_v those_o that_o be_v the_o people_n this_o minute_n be_v not_o the_o people_n the_o next_o minute_n in_o every_o instant_n and_o point_n of_o time_n there_o be_v a_o variation_n no_o one_o time_n can_v be_v indifferent_a for_o all_o mankind_n to_o assemble_v it_o can_v but_o be_v mischievous_a always_o at_o the_o least_o to_o all_o infant_n and_o other_o under_o age_n of_o discretion_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o woman_n especial_o virgin_n who_o by_o birth_n have_v as_o much_o natural_a freedom_n as_o any_o other_o and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o lose_v their_o liberty_n without_o their_o own_o consent_n but_o in_o part_n of_o salve_n this_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o infant_n and_o child_n may_v be_v conclude_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o their_o parent_n this_o remedy_n may_v cure_v some_o part_n of_o the_o mischief_n but_o it_o destroy_v the_o whole_a cause_n and_o at_o last_o stumble_v upon_o the_o true_a original_n of_o government_n for_o if_o it_o be_v allow_v that_o the_o act_n of_o parent_n bind_v the_o child_n then_o farewell_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n where_o subjection_n of_o child_n to_o parent_n be_v natural_a there_o can_v be_v no_o natural_a freedom_n if_o any_o reply_n that_o not_o all_o child_n shall_v be_v bind_v by_o their_o parent_n consent_n but_o only_o those_o that_o be_v under_o age_n it_o must_v be_v consider_v that_o in_o nature_n there_o be_v no_o nonage_n if_o a_o man_n be_v not_o bear_v free_a she_o do_v not_o assign_v he_o any_o other_o time_n when_o he_o shall_v attain_v his_o freedom_n or_o if_o she_o do_v than_o child_n attain_v that_o age_n shall_v be_v discharge_v of_o their_o parent_n contract_n so_o that_o in_o conclusion_n if_o it_o be_v imagine_v that_o the_o people_n be_v ever_o but_o once_o free_a from_o subjection_n by_o nature_n it_o will_v prove_v a_o mere_a impossibility_n ever_o lawful_o to_o introduce_v any_o kind_n of_o government_n whatsoever_o without_o apparent_a wrong_n to_o a_o multitude_n of_o people_n it_o be_v further_a observable_a that_o ordinary_o child_n and_o servant_n be_v far_o a_o great_a number_n than_o parent_n and_o master_n and_o for_o the_o major_a part_n of_o these_o to_o be_v able_a to_o vote_n and_o appoint_v what_o government_n or_o governor_n their_o father_n and_o master_n shall_v be_v subject_a unto_o be_v most_o unnatural_a and_o in_o effect_n to_o give_v the_o child_n the_o government_n over_o their_o parent_n to_o all_o this_o it_o may_v be_v oppose_v what_o need_v dispute_v how_o a_o people_n can_v choose_v a_o king_n since_o there_o be_v multitude_n of_o example_n that_o king_n have_v be_v and_o be_v now_o adays_o choose_v by_o their_o people_n the_o answer_n be_v 1._o the_o question_n be_v not_o of_o the_o fact_n but_o of_o the_o right_n whether_o it_o have_v be_v do_v by_o a_o natural_a or_o by_o a_o usurp_a right_n 2._o many_o king_n be_v and_o have_v be_v choose_v by_o some_o small_a part_n of_o a_o people_n but_o by_o the_o the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n of_o a_o kingdom_n not_o any_o at_o all_o most_o have_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o nobility_n great_a man_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n as_o in_o poland_n denmark_n and_o in_o sweden_n not_o by_o any_o collective_a or_o representative_a body_n of_o any_o nation_n sometime_o a_o factious_a or_o seditious_a city_n or_o a_o mutinous_a army_n have_v set_v up_o a_o king_n but_o none_o of_o all_o those_o can_v ever_o prove_v they_o have_v right_a or_o just_a title_n either_o by_o nature_n or_o any_o otherwise_o for_o such_o election_n we_o may_v resolve_v upon_o these_o two_o proposition_n 1._o that_o the_o people_n have_v no_o power_n or_o right_v of_o themselves_o to_o choose_v king_n 2._o if_o they_o have_v any_o such_o right_a it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o any_o way_n lawful_o to_o exercise_v it_o you_o will_v say_v there_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o right_a in_o somebody_o to_o elect_v in_o case_n a_o king_n die_v without_o a_o heir_n i_o answer_v no_o king_n can_v die_v without_o a_o heir_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o one_o man_n live_v in_o the_o world_n it_o may_v be_v the_o heir_n may_v be_v unknown_a to_o the_o people_n but_o that_o be_v no_o fault_n in_o nature_n but_o the_o negligence_n or_o ignorance_n of_o those_o who_o it_o concern_v but_o if_o a_o king_n can_v die_v without_o a_o heir_n yet_o the_o kingly_a power_n in_o that_o case_n shall_v not_o escheat_n to_o the_o whole_a people_n but_o to_o the_o supreme_a head_n and_o father_n of_o family_n not_o as_o they_o be_v the_o people_n but_o quatenus_fw-la they_o be_v father_n of_o people_n over_o who_o they_o have_v a_o supreme_a power_n devolve_v unto_o they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o sovereign_a ancestor_n and_o if_o any_o can_v have_v a_o right_a to_o choose_v a_o king_n it_o must_v be_v these_o father_n by_o confer_v their_o distinct_a fatherly_a power_n upon_o one_o man_n alone_o chief_a father_n in_o scripture_n be_v account_v as_o all_o the_o people_n as_o all_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n as_o all_o the_o congregation_n as_o the_o text_n plain_o expound_v itself_o 2_o chr._n 1._o 2._o where_o solomon_n speak_v to_o all_o israel_n that_o be_v to_o the_o captain_n the_o judge_n and_o to_o every_o governor_n the_o chief_z of_o the_o father_n and_o so_o the_o elder_n of_o israel_n be_v expound_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n 1_o king_n 8._o 1._o and_o the_o 2_o chr._n 5._o 2._o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o king_n be_v not_o now_o as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o first_o plant_v or_o people_n of_o the_o world_n the_o father_n of_o their_o people_n or_o kingdom_n and_o that_o the_o fatherhood_n have_v lose_v the_o right_a of_o govern_v a_o answer_n be_v that_o all_o king_n that_o now_o be_v or_o ever_o be_v be_v or_o be_v either_o father_n of_o their_o people_n or_o the_o heir_n of_o such_o father_n or_o usurper_n of_o the_o right_n of_o such_o father_n it_o be_v a_o truth_n undeniable_a that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o multitude_n of_o man_n whatsoever_o either_o great_a or_o small_a though_o gather_v together_o from_o the_o several_a corner_n and_o remote_a region_n of_o the_o world_n but_o that_o in_o the_o same_o multitude_n consider_v by_o itself_o there_o be_v one_o man_n among_o they_o that_o in_o nature_n have_v a_o right_a to_o be_v the_o king_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o adam_n and_o all_o the_o other_o subject_n unto_o he_o every_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v a_o king_n or_o a_o subject_a the_o obedience_n which_o all_o subject_n yield_v to_o king_n be_v but_o the_o pay_n of_o that_o duty_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o supreme_a fatherhood_n many_o time_n by_o the_o act_n either_o of_o a_o usurper_n himself_o or_o of_o those_o that_o set_v he_o up_o the_o true_a heir_n of_o a_o crown_n be_v dispossess_v god_n use_v the_o ministry_n of_o the_o wicked_a man_n for_o the_o remove_n and_o set_v up_o of_o king_n in_o such_o case_n the_o subject_n obedience_n to_o the_o fatherly_a power_n must_v go_v along_o and_o wait_v upon_o god_n providence_n who_o only_o have_v right_a to_o