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A16507 The mapp and description of Nevv-England together with a discourse of plantation, and collonies: also, a relation of the nature of the climate, and how it agrees with our owne country England. How neere it lyes to New-found-land, Virginia, Noua Francia, Canada, and other parts of the West-Indies. Written by Sr. William Alexander, Knight.; Encouragement to colonies Stirling, William Alexander, Earl of, 1567 or 8-1640. 1630 (1630) STC 342; ESTC S104374 32,507 52

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side where there are parts fit for that purpose As soone as they are within the Bay it doth enlarge itself to the bredth of seuen or eight miles and doth continue so as if it were square for the like bounds in length There are within the same two Iles euery one of them extending itselfe about three miles in circuit and both are well garnished with trees and grasse Diuers Riuers and Brookes doe fall within this large bosome on euery side of which the chiefe is one that doth come from the South being discouered to be aboue fortie miles portatiue and it hath all alongst on euery side for the bounds of a mile or halfe a mile at least very faire meadowes which are subject to bee ouerflowed at high tides and there is Land fit to be laboured lying betweene them and the woods which doe compasse all about with very faire trees of sundry sorts as Oakes Ash Playnes Maple Beech Birch Cypresse Pinc and Firre The great Riuer doth abound exceedingly in Salmon and Smelts during their season and euery little Brooke in Trouts One Lake within this Bay hath yeerely a great quantitie of Herrings which by reason of a strict way which they passe are easie to be taken and all the yeere ouer they neuer want shell-fish such as Lobsters Crabs Cockles and Mussels The chiefe beasts that inhabite the Woods there are Ellans Hart Hind and fallow Deere with store of other wilde beasts such as Wolues Beares Foxes and Otters but the most vsefull of all is the Beauer both for his flesh that is esteemed to be very delicate for eating and for the skinne that is of good value as for wild foule there is great varietie and store of Partridges Plouers Woodcockes Larkes Wild Geese Wild Duckes Heron and Crane with many other sorts peculiar to that part of the World and not knowne here Vpon the East side of this Port the French did entrench themselues building such houses as might serue to accommodate their number and a little from thence Monsieur Champlein did cut a walke through the Woods where they delighted to repaire in Summer to shroud themselues from the heate and the rather that they had a sweet Melodie which was made by the varietie of voyces of singing Birds which without any affectation did affoord them naturall Musicke Some sixe miles further vp that side of the Riuer they built a Barne and laboured ground for Wheat ouer against which they made a Water-mill vpon a Riuer that doth fall in on the West side the Damme of it beeing there where the Herrings haunt most and they did likewise try some ground neere by for Wheate whereas their owne Writers make mention they reaped aboue fortie for one but what they did was rather trying the nature of the soile to satisfie their curiositie then to haue a qantitie fit for their maintenance which they trusted to bee sent vnto them by two Merchants from the Rochell and were that way well furnished so long as they keeped their skinnes to giue them in exchange but the Merchants either by some priuate conueyances or by the comming in of some Flemmings to traffique being disappointed by the Planters as soone as they missed their present Commoditie did likewise frustrate them of the prouisions that they expected Whereupon Monsieur de Montes betaking himselfe to trade for Furres Monsieur Poutrincourt resolued to prosecute the Plantation at that place and sent for his Son Biencourt to France to bargaine with some that would send them a supply such as was requisite for establishing of that Colony The first that embraced his Propositions were the Iesuites who as they haue ordinarly good wits which made them the rather capable of so aduantagious a proiect so they were the more animated thereunto by vpbrayding the lazinesse of our Clergie to shew with what feruencie they trauell to propagate the Gospell in doing whereof whither it be ambition or deuotion that prouokes them sparing no paines they haue trauelled both to the East and West Indies and to that admired Kingdome of China their Societie in France preuayling with all that had any inclination either to religion or to vertue did easily gather a voluntary contribution for the furthering of so commendable a purpose thereafter they sent away two Fathers of their company with a new supply of all things necessarie to the Plantation at Port Royall but shortly after their arriuall their predominant disposition hardly yeelding to any Superiour specially if it be a Secular power they be-beganne to contradict Poutrincourt in the execution of these Decrees which had beene giuen forth by him as Ciuil Magistrate of that place Whereupon the Gentleman extreamely discontented and wearie of contesting with them hauing said that it was his part to rule them vpon earth and theirs onely to guide him the way to Heauen he returned backe to France leauing his Sonne Biencourt in his place who being a youth at that time of more courage then circumspectnesse disdayning to be controlled by them whom he had inuited thither and scorning their insupportable presumption and imperious kinde of carriage vsing Spirituall Armes for Temporall ends whose spleene had excommunicated and branded him with a Spirituall censure hee threatned them by his Temporall power with a more palpable punishment so that after much controuersie resoluing to separate themselues the two Iesuites taking a part of the company with them went from thence to a place in New England called by them Mount Desert where they seated themselues and hauing a supply from the Queene Mother did plant sundry fruit trees of the most delicate kinds in France such as Apricockes and Peaches neuer intending to remoue from thence At this time Sir Samuell Argall who hath beene Gouernour of Virginia coasting alongst New England to traffique discouer or to acquire things necessary for the Southerne Colonie in these parts where the Lands are reputed to be more fertile and the Seas more frequented did conceiue by a description made vnto him by the Sauages that there were some come from this part of the World to inhabit there and being iealous of any thing that might derogate from the honour or prooue preiudiciall to the benefit of his Nation whereof their interest in this was easie to be apprehended hee went whereas hee was informed that they were and his vnexpected arriuall as it would seeme not onely amazing the mindes of the French but likewise preuenting their preparation and resolution he approched so neere to a ship that lay before their Fort that hee beate them all that were within with Musket shot from making any vse of their Ordnance and killed one of the two Iesuites who was giuing fire to a Peece hauing taken the ship he landed and went before the Fort summoning them that were within to yeeld themselues who at the first made some difficultie asking a time to aduise but that being refused they priuately abandoned the Fort stealing out by some back way into the Woods where they