deuise The newes whereof being spred abrode euerie good man reioised thereat Thus through the great mercie of God peace was restored vnto the decaied state of this relme of England Which things being thus accomplished with great ioy and tokens of loue king Stephan and his new adopted sonne duke Henrie tooke leaue either of other appointing shortlie after to méet againe at Oxenford there to perfect euerie article of their agréement which was thus accorded a little before Christmas ¶ But by the way for the better vnderstanding of the said agreement I haue thought good to set downe the verie tenor of the charter made by king Stephan as I haue copied it out and translated it into English out of an autentike booke conteining the old lawes of the Saxon and Danish kings in the end whereof the same charter is exemplified which booke is remaining with the right worshipfull William Fléetwood esquire now recorder of London and sargeant at law The charter of king Stephan of the pacification of the troubles betwixt him and line 10 Henrie duke of Normandie STephan king of England to all archbishops bishops abbats earles iusticers sherifes barons and all his faithfull subiects of England sendeth greeting Know yee that I king Stephan haue ordeined Henrie duke of Normandie after me by right of inheritance to be my successour and heire of line 20 the kingdome of England and so haue I giuen and granted to him and his heires the kingdome of England For the which honour gift and confirmation to him by me made he hath doone homage to me and with a corporall oth hath assured me that he shall be faithfull and loiall to me and shall to his power preserue my life and honour and I on the other side shall maineteine line 30 and preserue him as my sonne and heire in all things to my power and so far as by any waies or meanes I may And William my sonne hath doone his lawfull homage and assured his fealtie vnto the said duke of Normandie and the duke hath granted to him to hold of him all those tenements and holdings which I held before I atteined to the possession of the realme of England wheresoeuer the line 40 same be in England Normandie or elsewhere and whatsoeuer he receiued with the daughter of earle Warren either in England or Normandie likewise whatsoeuer apperteineth to those honoures And the duke shall put my sonne William and his men that are of that honour in full possession and seizine of all the lands boroughs and rents which the duke thereof line 50 now hath in his demaine and namelie of those that belong to the honour of the earle Warren and namelie of the castels of Bellencumber and Mortimer so that Reginald de Warren shall haue the keeping of the same castels of Bellencumber and of Mortimer if he will and therevpon shall giue pledges to the duke and if he will not haue the keeping of those castels line 60 then other liege men of the said erle Warren whome it shall please the duke to appoint shall by sure pledges and good suertie keepe the said castels Moreouer the duke shall deliuer vnto him according to my will and pleasure the other castels which belong vnto the earledome of Mortaigne by safe custodie and pledges so soone as he conuenientlie may so as all the pledges are to be restored vnto my sonne free so soone as the duke shall haue the realme of England in possession The augmentation also which I haue giuen vnto my sonne William he hath likewise granted the same to him to wit the castell and towne of Norwich with seauen hundred pounds in lands so as the rents of Norwich be accounted as parcell of the same seauen hundred pounds in lands and all the countie of Norfolke the profits and rents which belong to churches bishops abbats earles excepted and the third pennie whereof Hugh Bigot is earle also excepted sauing also and reseruing the kings roiall iurisdiction for administration of iustice Also the more to strengthen my fauour and loue to himwards the duke hath giuen and granted vnto my said sonne whatsoeuer Richer de Aquila hath of the honour of Peuensey And moreouer the castell and towne of Peuensey and the seruice of Faremouth beside the castell and towne of Douer and whatsoeuer apperteineth to the honour of Douer The duke hath also confirmed the church of Feuersham with the appurtenances and all other things giuen or restored by me vnto other churches he shall confirme by the counsell and aduice of holie church and of me The earles and barons that belong to the duke which were neuer my leeges for the honour which I haue doone to their maister they haue now doone homage and sworne fealtie to me the couenants betwixt me the said duke alwaies saued The other which had before doone homage to me haue sworne fealtie to me as to their souereigne lord And if the duke should breake and go from the premisses then are they altogither to ceasse from dooing him any seruice till he reforme his misdooings And my sonne also is to constreine him thereto according to the aduice of holie church if the duke shall chance to go from the couenants afore mentioned My earles and barons also haue doone their leege and homage vnto the duke sauing their faith to me so long as I liue and shall hold the kingdome with like condition that if I doo breake and go from the premitted couenants that then they may ceasse from dooing me any seruice till the time I haue reformed that which I haue doone amisse The citizens also of cities and those persons that dwell in castels which I haue in my demaine by my commandement haue doone homage and made assurance to the duke sauing the fealtie which they owe to me during my life time and so long as I shall hold the kingdome They which keep the castle of Wallingford haue doone their homage to me and haue giuen to me pledges for the obseruing of their fealtie And I haue made vnto the duke such assurance of the castels and strengths which I hold by the counsell and aduice of holie church that when I shall depart this life the duke thereby may not run into any losse or impeachment wherby to be debarred from the kingdome The tower of London and the fortresse of Windsor by the counsell and aduice of holie church are deliuered vnto the lord Richard de Lucie safelie to be kept which Richard hath taken an oth and hath deliuered his sonne in pledge to remaine in the hands and custodie of the archbishop of Canturburie that after my decease he shall deliuer the same castels vnto the duke Likewise by the counsell and aduise of holie church Roger de Bussey keepeth the castell of Oxford and Iordaine de Bussey the castell of line 10 Lincolne which Roger Iordaine haue sworne and thereof haue deliuered pledges into the
London and Elie as should fullie amount to the summe of 40 thousand markes with that which alreadie he had paied which was 27 thousand markes at two seuerall paiments as vpon his accounts appeared For true contentation and paiment to be line 10 made of the residue he ordeined that the king should be sworne and also seale to an obligation and certeine suerties with him as the bishops of Norwich and Winchester with the earles of Chester Winchester and Marshall all which things were performed at this present so that after the assurance so taken for paiment of the od 13 thousand marks behind residue of the 40 thousand marks the interdiction was taken vtterlie awaie and the land solemnelie released by the legat sitting within the cathedrall line 20 church of S. Paule at London vpon the 29 of Iune in the yeare 1214 after the terme of six yeares three moneths and 14 daies that the realme had béene striken with that dreadfull dart of correction as it was then estéemed King Iohn in the meane time remaining still in France and finding at the beginning fortune fauorable inough vnto him by reason his power was much increased by the aid of the Poictouins determined to attempt the winning of Britaine for this line 30 cause speciallie that he might by so dooing weaken the French kings power and partlie also to withdraw him from the wars of Flanders on which side he had procured likewise the French borders to be inuaded with great force and that not onelie by the earle and such capteins as he had sent thither and reteined in wages but also by the emperour Otho who in proper person came downe into that countrie himselfe Herevpon king Iohn went foorth with all his line 40 power of horssemen and entering into Britaine made rodes through the countrie wasting the same euen to the walles of Naunts but shortlie after the Britaine 's assembled togither vnder the leading of Peter the son of Robert earle of Drieux the French kings vncle who had maried the ladie Adela daughter to duke Guie of Britaine and marching foorth into the field to defend their countrie from the enimies came to ioine with them in battell At the first there was a verie sharpe incounter but at length the line 50 Britains being vanquished and put to flight a great number of them were taken prisoners and amongst other their capteins the foresaid Peter was one whom king Iohn sent awaie with all the rest vnto Angiers to be kept in safegard vntill he should returne After this he besieged a castell that stood vpon the banke of the riuer of Loier called La Roch aumoyne inforcing his whole indeuour to haue woone it But yer he could atteine his purpose he was aduertised line 60 that Lewes the sonne of king Philip was comming towards him with a great power to raise his siege Wherefore hauing no great confidence in the Poictouins and vnderstanding that Lewes brought with him a verie strong armie he tooke aduise of his councell who iudged that it should be best for him to breake vp his siege and to depart which he did and went streight waies to Angiers Lewes after king Iohn was thus retired brought the Poictouins againe to subiection and put the chiefe authours of the rebellion to death In the meane time also his father king Philip with like successe but in a foughten field vanquished the emperour Otho at the bridge of Bouins on the 28 day of Iulie as in the historie of France more at large appeare There among other prisoners the thrée earles of Flanders Salisburie and Bullogne were taken Now king Iohn being aduertised of that ouerthrow was maruellouslie sad and sorrowfull for the chance in somuch that he would not receiue any meat in a whole daie after the newes thereof was brought vnto him At length turning his sorrow into rage he openlie said that since the time that he made himselfe his kingdom subiect to the church of Rome nothing that he did had prospered well with him Indéed he condescended to an agréement with the pope as may be thought more by force than of deuotion and therefore rather dissembled with the pope sith he could not otherwise choose than agreed to the couenants with any hartie affection But to the purpose Perceiuing himselfe now destitute of his best fréends of whom diuerse remained prisoners with the French king being taken at the battell of Bouins he thought good to agrée with king Philip for this present by way of taking some truce which by mediation of ambassadours riding to and fro betwixt them was at length accorded to endure for fiue yeares and to begin at Easter in the yeare of our Lord 1215. After this about the 19 daie of October he returned into England to appease certeine tumults which began alreadie to shoot out buds of some new ciuill dissention And suerlie the same spred abroad their blossoms so freshlie that the fruit was knit before the growth by anie timelie prouision could be hindered For the people being set on by diuerse of the superiours of both sorts finding themselues gréeued that the king kept not promise in restoring the ancient lawes of S. Edward determined from thencefoorth to vse force since by request he might not preuaile To appease this furie of the people not onlie policie but power also was required for the people vndertaking an euill enterprise speciallie raising a tumult or ioining in a conspiracie are as hardlie suppressed and vanquished as Hydra the monster hauing manie heads and therefore it is well said that comes est discordia vulgi Námque à turbando nomen sibi turba recepit The Nobles supposing that longer delaie therein was not to be suffered assembled themselues togither at the abbeie of Burie vnder colour of going thither to doo their deuotions to the bodie of S. Edmund which laie there inshrined where they vttered their complaint of the kings tyrannicall maners alledging how they were oftentimes called foorth to serue in the wars to fight in defense of the realme and yet notwithstanding were still oppressed at home by the kings officers who vpon confidence of the lawes attempted all things whatsoeuer they conceiued And if anie man complained or alledged that he receiued wrong at their hands they would answer by and by that they had law on their side to doo as they had doone so that it was no wrong but right which they did and therfore if they that were the lords and péeres of the realme were men it stood them vpon to prouide that such inconueniences might be auoided and better lawes brought in vse by the which their ancestours liued in a more quiet and happie state There was brought foorth and also read an ancient charter made sometime by Henrie the first which charter Stephan the archbishop of Canturburie had deliuered vnto them before in the citie of London conteâ—ning the grant of certeine liberties according to
that Peter de Mountfort was at Northampton assembling people to strengthen the barons part he got togither such men of warre as he could from all places and so he had with him his brother Richard king of Almaine his eldest sonne the lord Edward William de Ualence his halfe brother on the mothers side Iohn Comin of Ward in Scotland with a great number of Scots Iohn Ballioll lord of Gallowaie Robert Bruis lord of Annandale Roger Clifford Philip Marmion Iohn Uaux Iohn Leiborne Henrie Percie Philip Basset and Roger Mortimer Thus the king hauing these Noble men about him with his armie sped him towards Northampton and comming thither tooke the towne by force â—â—ue diuerse and tooke prisoners Peter Mountfort and Simon Mountfort the earle of Leicesters son William Ferries Baldwin Wake with Nicholas his brother Berengarius de Wateruile Hugh Gubiun Robert Buteuilein Adam of Newmarch Robert Newton Philip Dribie Grimbald Pauncefâ—et Roger Beltram Thomas Mansell and diuerse other to the number of 80 knights or as Matthew Westminster hath 15 barons and 60 knights besides a great number of esquires and burgesses the which were bestowed abroad in sundrie prisons The towne as some write was taken by this meanes Whilest diuerse of the capteins within were talking with the king on the one side of the towne towards the medowes the lord Philip Basset approched the walles néere vnto the monasterie of S. Andrew and there with his people hauing spades mattocks and other instruments prouided for the purpose vndermined a great paine of the wall and reuersed the same into ditches making such a breach that fortie horssemen might enter afront Some put the blame in such moonks of the abbeie as were strangers as though they should prepare this entrie for the enimie but howsoeuer it was the king got the towne out of his enimies hands This also is to be remembred that where by reason of variance which had chanced that yere betwixt the scholers of Oxford and the townesmen a great line 10 number of the same scholers were withdrawen to Northampton and there studied They had raised a banner to fight in defense of the towne against the king and did more hurt to the assailants than anie other band wherevpon the king threatned to hang them all and so had he doone indéed if by the persuasion of his councell he had not altered his purpose doubting to procure the hatred of their fréends if the execution should haue béene so rigorouslie prosecuted against them for there were amongst them manie line 20 yoong gentlemen of good houses and noble parentage Thus was the towne of Northampton taken on a saturdaie being Passion sundaie euen and the morrow after the daie of S. Ambrose which is the fift of Aprill On the monday following the king led his armie towards Leicester where the burgesses receiued him into the towne at his comming thither From thence he marched to Notingham burning and wasting the houses and manors of the barons and other of his enimies and speciallie those that belonged to the earle of Leicester Here he also gathered line 30 more people and so increased his power in somuch that diuerse Noblemen as Roger Clifford Henrie Percie Richard Gray Philip Basset Richard Sward and Hubert earle of Kent doubting the lacke of power in their companions reuolted incontinentlie to the kings side He sent his sonne prince Edward into Darbishire and Staffordshire with a strong power where he wasted the manours and possessions of Robert de Ferrers earle of Darbie and namelie he ouerthrew line 40 and defaced the castell of Tutburie Wheresoeuer the kings armie or that which his sonne prince Edward led chanced to come there followed spoiling burning and killing The barons on the other side sate not still for the lord Iohn Gifford with others that were appointed by the earle of Leicester to kéepe Killingworth castell which was furnished with all things necessarie maruellouslie and with such strange kind of engines as had not béene lightlie heard of nor seene in these parts tooke by a policie the castell of line 50 Warwike and William Manduit earle of Warwike with his wife and familie within it and leading them to Killingworth there coÌ„mitted them to prison The cause was for that they suspected him that he would take part with the king against them The castell of Warwike they raced downe least the kings people should take it for their refuge In the Passion weeke the Iewes that inhabited in London being detected of treason which they had deuised against the barons and citizens were slaine almost line 60 all the whole number of them and great riches found in their houses which were taken and caried awaie by those that ransacked the same houses After Easter the erle of Leicester hauing London at his commandement went to Rochester and besieged that citie but the capteine thereof Iohn earle of Warren did manfullie resist the enimies till the king aduertised thereof with the power of the marshes of the north parts and other came and remooued the siege This doone he left a conuenient garrison within the citie to defend it and comming to Tunbridge wan the castell and taking the countesse of Glocester that was within it permitted hir to depart This doone he repaired to the sea side towards France to staie there till his brethren Geffrey and Guie the sonnes of the earle of Marsh should arriue with some band of souldiers for whom he had now sent and reuoked into the realme being latelie before banished by the Nobles as before yée haue heard They shortlie after landed wherevpon the king hauing his power increased came to Lewes and pight downe his field not farre from that towne In the end of Aprill the barons hearing where the king was departed from London with a great multitude of the citizens whom they placed in the vantward and marched foorth towards the king and comming neere to the place where he was lodged set downe their tents and incamped themselues a little beside him Either here or by the waie as they came forward the barons deuised a letter and sent it vnto the king conteining an excuse of their dooings and a declaration of their well meanings both towards him and the wealth of the realme and heerewith accused those that were about him and with euill counsell misinformed him both against them against the publike wealth of the land and his owne honor This letter was dated the tenth of Maie and subscribed with the names of a great number of noble men of the which the more part doo here insue but yet not all Sir Simon de Montfort earle of Leicester and high steward of England sir Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester Robert Ferrers earle of Darbie Hugh Spenser lord cheefe iustice Henrie Montfort sonne and heire to the earle of Leicester Richard Grey Henrie Hastings Iohn Fitz Iohn Robert de Uéepont Iohn Ginuile Robert Rops William Marmion Baldwine
men as could be well aboord in ninetéene gallies There were manie slaine on both parts in atchiuing this enterprise but more of the Frenchmen than of the Englishmen About the same time the quéene of England was deliuered of his fourth sonne in the towne of Gaunt the which line 60 was named Iohn first created earle of Richmond and after duke of Lancaster He was borne about Christmasse in the thirteenth yere of king Edwards reigne year 1340 When king Edward had finished his businesse with the Flemings at Gaunt he left his wife quéene Philip there still in that towne and returned himselfe vnto Antwerpe and shortlie after about the feast of Candlemasse tooke the sea and came backe into England to prouide for monie to mainteine his begun warres And herevpon about the time of Lent following he called his high court of parlement at Westminster in the which he asked of his commons towards his charges for the recouerie of his right in France the fift part of their mooueable goods the customes of wools for two yeares to be paid aforehand and the ninth sheafe of euerie mans corne At length it was agreed that the king should haue for euerie sacke of wooll fortie shillings for euerie three hundred wooll fels fortie shillings and for euerie last of leather fortie shillings and for other merchandize after the rate to begin at the feast of Easter in this fouretéenth yeare of the kings reigne and to indure till the feast of Pentecost then next following and from that feast till the feast of Pentecost then next insuing into one yeare for which the king granted that from the feast of Pentecost which was then to come into one yeare he nor his heires should not demand assesse nor take nor suffer to be assessed or taken more custome of a sacke of wooll of any Englishman but halfe a marke and vpon the wooll fels and leather the old former custome Beside this the citizens and burgesses of cities and good townes granted to giue the ninth part of all their goods and the forren merchants and other not liuing of gaine nor of bréeding cattell nor of shéepe should giue the fiftéenth part of all their goods lawfullie to the value for the which he granted that as well now in time of warre as of peace all merchants denizens and forreiners those excepted that were of the enimies countries might without let safelie come into the realme of England with their goods and merchandize and safelie tarie and likewise returne paieng the customs subsidies and profits resonable thereof due so alwaies that the franchises and frée customs granted by him or his predecessours reasonablie to the citie of London and other cities burroughes and townes might alwaies to them be saued Moreouer there was granted vnto him the ninth sheafe the ninth fléece and ninth lambe to be taken by two yeares next comming And for the leuieng thereof the lords of euerie shire through the land were appointed to answer him euerie one for the circuit within the which he dwelled And bicause the king must néeds occupie much monie yer the receit of this subsidie could come to his hands he borowed in the meane time manie notable summes of diuerse cities and particular persons of this land amongst the which he borrowed of the citie of London 20000 marks to be paied againe of the monie comming of the foresaid subsidie In the meane while now that king Edward was come backe into England the warres were hotlie pursued against his fréends that had their lands néere to the borders of France and namelie against sir Iohn de Heinault lord Beaumont for the French men burned all his lands of Chimaie except the fortresses and tooke from thence a great preie All the frontiers were full of men of warre lodged within townes in garrison as at Tournie Mortaigne S. Amond Dowaie Cambrie and in other smaller fortresses These men of warre late not idle but were dooing oftentimes in Flanders and sometime otherwhere neither was the countrie of Heinault spared though the earle as yee haue heard did not onelie refuse to serue the king of England against France but also when the same king entred France he resorted to the French king and serued him yet by the suggestion of the bishop of Cambrie who complained of the Hainniers for the damages which they had doone him the French garrisons of the frontiers thereabouts were commanded to make a road into that countrie which they did burning the towne of Asper and brought from thence a great bootie The earle of Heinault sore mooued therewith to haue his lands so spoiled and burnt defied the French king and ioining with his vncle the lord Beaumont entred with an armie into Thierasse tooke destroied Aubenton with Mawbert Fonteine Daubecuille and diuerse other In this meane time the French king procured the pope to pronounce his cursse against the Flemings for their rebellion and to suspend all diuine seruice that ought to be said in anie hallowed place so that there were no priests to be found that would take vpon them to saie any diuine seruice wherevpon the Flemings sent ouer into England certeine messengers to giue notice to king Edward how they were line 10 intreated but he sent them word that he would bring at his comming ouer vnto them priests that should saie masses and other seruice whether the pope would or not for he had priuilege so to doo ¶ In Aprill William Melton archbishop of Yorke departed this life after whome variance rose in the election of a new gouernour to that church so that two were elected William la Zouch and William Killesbie but at length William la Zouch tooke place being the 43 archbishop that had sit in that seat ¶ The earles of line 20 Salisburie and Suffolke which were left in Flanders by king Edward to helpe the Flemings shortlie after Ester or as other haue in the time of Lent were discomfited by the garrison of Lisle and taken prisoners as they would haue passed by that towne to haue ioined with Iaques Arteueld meaning to besiege Tournie but now by the taking of those two earles that enterprise was broken The duke of Normandie with a great armie entered into Heinault burning and wasting the countrie euen to the gates line 30 of Ualenciennes and Quesnoy And thus were they occupied in those parts whilest the king of England prepared himselfe with all diligence to returne into Flanders The French king being aduertised that the king of England meant shortlie to returne into Flanders with a great power in purpose to inuade the realme of France on that side assembled a nauie of foure hundred ships vnder the leading of three expert capteins of the warres by sea as sir Hugh Kiriell sir line 40 Peter Bahuchet and a Geneweis named Barbe Noir appointing them to the coasts of Flanders to defend the king of England from
and to defend the said workemen that they might not be hindered in their businesse by the citizens ten thousand fighting men were appointed So that this fort was begun and ended in ninetéene daies space and called the Doouehouse bicause a doouehouse stood in the same place before Furthermore he stored this fort with all necessaries as vittels armour guns and other engins and he placed therin as capteine of the warriors the lord Iohn Maletret with a hundred and fiftie armed men and as manie other soldiors the whole number being thrée hundred The good duke of Lancaster hauing knowledge hereof directed his fléet or nauie towards the hauen of Brest where when he had arriued they all fled from the siege both by sea and land those onlie which were in the fort remaining behind Now the prior of S. Iames in Calis desired the good duke that he might giue the first assault against the fort who taking the repulse with his retinue he ceased and gaue ouer In like sort did manie more giue the assault to the same for the space of two daies and more in somuch that some digging vnder the wals and vndermining the foundations of one towre the same fell downe vpon sir Robert Swinarton a valiant knight of Staffordshire and manie more among whome was Iohn de Bolton a couragious gentleman and an esquire by degree of Yorkeshire As for those that were vpon the towre they also came tumbling downe and were presentlie slaine In the meane time the lord Maletret gardian of the fort sent word to the duke of Lancaster that he would yeeld and surrender the hold into his hands vpon condition that he and all his might freelie depart with such armour goods chatels and victuals as they had reposed and laid vp in store for their necessarie prouision wherevnto the good duke as he was alwaies good verie gentlie agréed vpon condition also that before their departure they should ruinate the said fort and laie it eeuen with the ground and should likewise allow and paie him towards his costs and charges defraied in the siege of the same twentie thousand sâ—utes of gold Then might you sée the people flocking from all parts of the countrie some with beires some with cabbins some with carts and some with crutches to fetch awaie the dead and the wounded in so much that there was not one either slaine outright or deadlie maimed for whome his freends did not mou e and lament Yea the lord Maletret himselfe was so mangled and hurt that he could not go on his legs but as he leaned on mens shoulders and was borne vp on either side It was reported that manie dead bodies were hidden in heaps of salt to the end that the Englishmen should not glorie and triumph in the multitude of the slaine of whome in sight the number amounted to aboue 150. Thus farre goeth Henrie Knighton whose report giueth no small light to the matter vnder hand After the duke had remained a moneth at Groigne he went to Compostella and there soiourned for a season during the which his constable sir Iohn Holland woone diuerse townes and fortresses which the enimies kept diuerse yeelded to the duke with better will for that the duchesse his wife was there with him whom they knew to be right inheritour to the realme ¶ At Mouson a towne on the confines betwixt line 10 Spaine and Portingale the king of Portingale and the duke of Lancaster met where they communed and tooke counsell togither for the more spéedie procéeding in their enterprise against their aduersaries of Castile Also there was a mariage concluded betwixt the said king of Portingale and the ladie Philip daughter to the said duke which marriage shortlie after was wholie consummated the said ladie being first married by procuration at Compostella and after sent into Portingale right honorablie line 20 accompanied The duke continued at Compostella all the winter season till towards March and then according to appointment taken betwixt him and the king of Portingale at their being togither at Mouson for their iournie to be made into Castile the said king assembled an armie of a thousand men of armes and ten thousand other souldiers with the which entring the confines of Castile he first tooke the towne of Feroule and after ioining with the duke who had line 30 in the meane while by his marshall taken the towns of Ruelles Uille Lopes Pounceuoide Dighos Baionne in la Maroll Ribadan Maures Besanses and Orens with others in the countrie of Gallis they marched foorth with their whole powers both togither and passing ouer the riuer of Dure entered into the countrie de Campo ¶ Here the English writers make mention of a battell which the constable of Castile should giue to the duke and that the victorie remained on the dukes line 40 side and the Spaniards chased out of the field But Froissard who liued in those daies and learned that which he wrote of those that were with the duke in his iournie maketh no remembrance of any such thing but that contrarilie the king of Castile folowing the aduise of such Frenchmen as were sent into Spaine to aid him caused all the riches of the countrie to be brought into the walled townes and fortresses which he stuffed with men of warre to defend them from the Englishmen and Portingales and line 50 further to cut off their vitels and to kéepe them from hauing forrage abroad in the countrie vnlesse such as were sent were garded with the greater troops for their suertie and defense Thus bestowing the most part of all such men of warre both Frenchmen and Spaniards as he could make in places most conuenient for that purpose he fullie determined not to giue battell till his enimies had wearied themselues in keeping of the fields and that a new power was come to his aid out of line 60 France which he dailie looked for By which means it came to passe that the Englishmen not vsed to such hot aire as they found in those parts in that season of the yeare for it was about Midsummer fell dailie into manie perillous diseases whereof no small number died and other became so faint that they were not able to helpe themselues that to consider the miserie in which they were it would haue rued the harts of their verie foes Herevpon was the duke constreined to fall to a communication for a peace which in the end was accorded though not at this instant Howbeit a truce was granted in such wise as it might be at the Englishmens choise to returne into their countrie either by sea or by land thorough France Such as passed through Spaine to France had safe conducts sealed and signed by the king of Spaine but scarse the halfe of those that came out of England with the duke returned thither againe they died so fast aswell after the breaking vp of their campe as before Amongst other there died before the breaking vp of the
Canturburie denounced an heretike remitted againe line 50 to the Tower of London from which place either by helpe of fréends or fauour of kéepers he priuilie escaped and came into Wales where he remained for a season After this the king kéeping his Christmasse at his manor of Eltham was aduertised that sir Roger Acâ—on knight year 1414 a man of great wit and possessions Iohn Browne esquier Iohn Beuerlie priest and a great number of other were assembled in armour against the king his brethren the clergie and realme line 60 These newes came to the king on the twelfth daie in Christmasse wherevpon vnderstanding that they were in a place called Fiâ—ket field beside London on the backe side of saint Giles he streight got him to his palace at Westminster in as secret wise as he might and there calling to him certeine bands of armed men he repaired into saint Giles fields néere to the said place where he vnderstood they should fullie méet about midnight and so handled the matter that he tooke some and siue some euen as stood with his pleasure The capteins of them afore mentioned being apprehended were brought to the kings presence and to him declared the causes of their commotion rising accusing a great number of their complices The king vsed one policie which much serued to the discomfiting of the aduersaries as Thom. Walsingham saith which was this he gaue order that all the gates of London should be streictlie kept and garded so as none should come in or out but such as were knowen to go to the king Hereby came it to passe that the chiefest succour appointed to come to the capteins of the rebels was by that meanes cut off where otherwise suerlie had it not beene thus preuented and staied there had issued foorth of London to haue ioined with them to the number as it was thought of fiftie thousand persons one and other seruants prentises and citizens confederate with them that were thus assembled in Ficket field Diuerse also that came from sundrie parts of the realme hasting towards the place to be there at their appointed time chanced to light among the kings men who being taken and demanded whither they went with such spéed answered they came to meet with their capteine the lord Cobham But whether he came thither at all or made shift for himselfe to get awaie it dooth not appeare for he could not be heard of at that time as Thomas Walsingham confesseth although the king by proclamation promised a thousand marks to him that could bring him foorth with great liberties to the cities or townes that would discouer where he was By this it maie appeare how greatlie he was beloued that there could not one be found that for so great a reward would bring him to light Among other that were taken was one William Murlie who dwelt in Dunstable a man of great wealth and by his occupation a brewer an earnest mainteiner of the lord Cobhams opinions and as the brute ran in hope to be highlie aduanced by him if their purposed deuise had taken place apparant by this that he had two horsses trapped with guilt harnesse led after him and in his bosome a paire of gilt spurs as it was déemed prepared for himselfe to weare looking to be made knight by the lord Cobhams hands at that present time But when he saw how their purpose quailed he withdrew into the citie with great feare to hide himselfe howbeit he was perceiued taken and finallie executed among others To conclude so manie persons herevpon were apprehended that all the prisons in and about London were full the chiefe of them were condemned by the cleargie of heresie and atteinted of high treason in the Guildhall of London and adiudged for that offense to be drawen and hanged and for heresie to be consumed with fire gallowes and all which iudgement wis executed the same moneth on the said sir Roger Acton and eight and twentie others ¶ Some saie that the occasion of their death was onelie for the conueieng of the lord Cobham out of prison Others write that it was both for treason and heresie and so it appeareth by the record Certeine affirme that it was for feined causes surmized by the spiritualtie more vpon displeasure than truth and that they were assembled to heare their preacher the foresaid Beuerlie in that place there out of the waie from resort of people sith they might not come togither openlie about any such matter without danger to be apprehended as the manner is and hath beene euer of the persecuted flocke when they are prohibited publikelie the exercise of their religion But howsoeuer the matter went with these men apprehended they were and diuerse of them executed as before ye haue heard whether for rebellion or heresie or for both as the forme of the indictment importeth I néed not to spend manie words sith others haue so largelie treated thereof and therefore I refer those that wish to be more fullie satisfied herein vnto their reports Whilest in the Lent season the king laie at Killingworth there came to him from Charles Dolphin of France certeine ambassadors that brought with them a barrell of Paris balles which from their maister they presented to him for a token that was taken in verie ill part as sent in scorne to signifie that it was more méet for the king to passe the time with such childish exercise than to attempt any worthie exploit Wherfore the K. wrote to him that yer ought long he would tosse him some London balles line 10 that perchance should shake the walles of the best court in France ¶ This yeare Thom. Arundell archbishop of Canturburie departed this life a stout prelat and an earnest mainteiner of the Romish religion Henrie Chichelie bishop of saint Dauid succeeded the same Arundell in the sée of Canturburie and the kings confessor Stephan Patrington a Carmelite frier was made bishop of S. Dauid Henrie Persie then but a child sonne to the lord Henrie Persie surnamed Hotspur after his fathers deceasse line 20 that was slaine at Shrewesburie field was conueied into Scotland and there left by his grandfather where euer since he had remained the king therefore pitied his case and so procured for him that he came home and was restored to all his lands and earledome of Northumberland which lands before had béene giuen to the lord Iohn the kings brother A case verie strange and for manie causes alwaies right worthie of remembrance in this yeare 1414 the second of this kings reigne did befall which conteining line 30 in it so manie matters for knowledge of Gods great power and iustice of wilfull breaking his diuine lawes of the easie slip into ruine where his mercie dooth not sâ—aie vs the busie bogging of the diuell alwaies our weakenesse in combat with him into what outrage and confusion he haleth where he is not withstood with what tyrannie he tormenteth where he vanquisheth what the will and power of a souereigne ouer a subiect may force in cases of iniquitie where by vertue and grace he be not restrained line 40
a desire of vengeance to the death In this meane while that things passed in maner as before ye haue hard Edmund duke of Summerset his brother Iohn marquesse Dorset Thomas Courtneie earle of Deuonshire and others being at London had knowledge by aduertisements out of France that quéene Margaret with hir sonne prince Edward the countesse of Warwike the prior of S. Iohns the lord Wenlocke and diuerse others their adherents and partakers with all that they might make were readie at the sea side purposing with all spéed to saile ouer into England and to arriue in the west countrie Wherevpon they departed foorth of London and with all hast possible drew westward there to raise what forces they could to ioine with those their fréends immediatlie after they should once come on land and so to assist them against king Edward and his partakers True it is that the quéene with hir sonne and the other persons before mentioned tooke their ships the foure and twentith daie of March continuing on the seas before they could land thorough tempests and contrarie winds by the space of twentie daies that is till the thirtéenth of Aprill on which daie or rather on the fourteenth they landed at Weimouth as after shall appeare But now touching king Edwards procéeding forward on his iournie toward London ye line 10 haue to vnderstand that vpon the tuesdaie the ninth of Aprill he came to saint Albons from whense he sent comfortable aduertisements to the queene his wife remaining within the sanctuarie at Westminster and to others his faithfull fréends in and about London to vnderstand by couert meanes how to deale to obteine the fauour of the citizens so as he might be of them receiued The earle of Warwike vnderstanding all his dooings and purposes wrote to the Londoners willing line 20 charging them in anie wise to keepe king Edward out of their citie and in no condition to permit him to enter and withall he sent to his brother the archbishop of Yorke willing him by all meanes possible to persuade the Londoners not to receiue him but to defend the citie against him for the space of two or thrée daies at the least promising not to faile but to come after him and to be readie to assaile him on the backe not doubting but wholie to distresse his power and to bring him to vtter confusion The archbishop line 30 herevpon on the ninth of Aprill called vnto him at Paules all such lords knights and gentlemen with others that were partakers on that side to the number in all of six or seauen thousand men in armour Herewith also he caused king Henrie to mount on horssebacke and to ride from Paules thorough Cheape downe to Walbroke so to fetch a compasse as the custome was when they made their generall processions returning backe againe to Paules vnto the bishops palace where at that time he was lodged line 40 The archbishop supposed that shewing the king thus riding thorough the stréets he should haue allured the citizens to assist his part True it is the maior aldermen had caused the gates to be kept with watch and ward but now they well perceiued that king Henries power was too weake as by that shew it had well appeared to make full resistance against king Edward and so not for them in trust vnto if king Edward came forward and should attempt to enter the citie by force for it was not vnknowne line 50 vnto them that manie of the worshipfull citizens and others of the commons in great numbers were fullie bent to aid king Edward in all that they might as occasion serued Thus what thorough loue that manie bare to king Edward and what thorough feare that diuerse stood in least the citie being taken by force might happilie haue beene put to the sacke with the losse of manie an innocent mans life the maior aldermen and others the worshipfull of the citie fell at a point among line 60 themselues to kéepe the citie to K. Edwards vse so as he might haue free passage and entrie into the same at his pleasure The archbishop of Yorke perceiuing the affections of the people and how the most part of them were now bent in fauour of king Edward vpon the said kings approch towards the citie he sent foorth secretlie a messenger to him beséeching him to receiue him againe into his fauour promising to be faithfull to him in time to come and to acquit this good turne hereafter with some singular benefit and pleasure The king vpon good causes and considerations therevnto him moouing was contented to receiue him againe into his fauour The archbishop hereof assured reioised greatlie well trulie acquiting him concerning his promise made to the king in that behalfe The same night following was the Tower of London recouered to king Edwards vse And on the morow being thursdaie and the eleuenth of Aprill king Edward quietlie made his entrie into the citie with his power hauing fiue hundred smokie gunners marching foremost being strangers of such as he had brought ouer with him He first rode vnto Paules church from thense he went to the bishops palace where the archbishop of Yorke presented himselfe vnto him and hauing king Henrie by the hand deliuered him vnto king Edward who being seized of his person and diuerse other his aduersaries he went from Paules to Westminster where he made his deuout praiers giuing God most heartie thanks for his safe returne thither againe This doone he went to the quéene to comfort hir who with great patience had abidden there a long time as a sanctuarie woman for doubt of hir enimies and in the meane season was deliuered of a yoong prince whome she now presented vnto him to his great hearts reioising comfort From Westminster the king returned that night vnto London againe hauing the quéene with him and lodged in the house of the duchesse his moother On the morow being good fridaie he tooke aduise with the lords of his bloud and other of his councell for such businesse as he had in hand namelie how to subdue his enimies as sought his destruction Thus with consultation preuenting his actions he obteined fortunate successe wherwith his hart was the moreaduanced to ioine issue with his aduersaries whome rather than they should triumph ouer him he was resolutelie minded to vanquish if his procéedings might proue prosperous as his present good lucke The earle of Warwike calling himselfe lieutenant of England vnder the pretensed authoritie of king Henrie hoping that king Edward should haue much a doo to enter into London marched foorth from Couentrie with all his puissance following the king by Northhampton in hope to haue some great aduantage to assaile him speciallie if the Londoners kept him out of their citie as he trusted they would for then he accounted himselfe sure of the vpper hand or if he were of them receiued yet he hoped to find him vnprouided in celebrating the
was displeased and so returned to Brecknocke to you But in that iournie as I returned whither it were by the inspiration of the Holie-ghost or by melancholious disposition I had diuerse and sundrie imaginations how to depriue this vnnaturall vncle and bloudie butcher from his roiall seat and princelie dignitie First I santised that if I list to take vpon me the crowne and imperiall scepter of the realme now was the time propice and conuenient For now was the waie made plaine and the gate opened and occasion giuen which now neglected should peraduenture neuer take such effect and conclusion For I saw he was disdeined of the lords temporall abhored and accurssed of the lords spirituall detested of all gentlemen and despised of all the communaltie so that I saw my chance as perfectlie as I saw mine owne image in a glasse that there was no person if I had béene gréedie to attempt the enterprise could nor should haue woone the ring or got the gole before me And on this point I rested in imagination secretlie with my selfe two daies at Tewkesburie From thence so iournieng I mused and thought that it was not best nor conuenient to take vpon me as a conqueror For then I knew that all men and especiallie the nobilitie would with all their power withstand me both for rescuing of possessions and tenures as also for subuerting of the whole estate laws and customes of the realme such a power hath a conqueror as you know well inough my lord But at the last in all this doubtfull case there sprang a new branch out of my head which suerlie I thought should haue brought forth faire floures but the sunne was so hot that they turned to drie wéeds For I suddenlie remembred that the lord Edmund duke of Summerset my grandfather was with king Henrie the sixt in the two and thrée degrées from Iohn duke of Lancaster lawfullie begotten so that I thought sure my mother being eldest daughter to duke Edmund that I was next heire to king Henrie the sixt of the house of Lancaster This title pleased well such as I made priuie of my counsell but much more it incouraged my foolish desire and eleuated my ambitious intent insomuch that I cléerelie iudged and in mine owne mind was determinatlie resolued that I was indubitate heire of the house of Lancaster and therevpon concluded line 10 to make my first foundation and erect my new building But whether God so ordeined or by fortune it so chanced while I was in a maze either to conclude suddenlie on this title to set it open amongst the common people or to keepe it secret a while sée the chance as I rode betweene Worcester and Bridgenorth I incountered with the ladie Margaret countesse of Richmond now wife vnto the lord Stanlie which is the verie daughter and sole heire to lord Iohn duke of Summerset my grandfathers line 20 elder brother which was as cleane out of my mind as though I had neuer séene hir so that she and hir sonne the earle of Richmond be both bulworke and portcullice betwéene me and the gate to enter into the maiestie roiall and getting of the crowne Now when we had communed a little concerning hir sonne as I shall shew you after and were departed shée to our ladie of Worcester and I to Shrewsburie I then new changed and in maner amazed began to dispute with my selfe little considering line 30 that thus my earnest title was turned to a tittell not so good as Est Amen Eftsoones I imagined whether were best to take vpon me by election of the nobilitie and communaltie which me thought easie to be done the vsurper king thus being in hatred and abhorred of this whole realme or to take it by power which standeth in fortunes chance and difficile to be atchiued and brought to passe Thus tumbling and tossing in the waues of ambiguitie betwéene the stone and the sacrifice I considered first the office dutie and line 40 paine of a king which suerlie thinke I that no mortall man can iustlie and trulie obserue except he be called elected and speciallie appointed by God as K. Dauid and diuerse other haue beéne But further I remembred that if I once tooke on me the scepter and the gouernance of the realme that of two extreame enimies I was dailie sure but of one trustie friend which now a daies be gone a pilgrimage I was neither assured nor crediblie ascerteined such is the worlds mutation For I manifestlie perceiued that the daughters of king Edward line 50 and their alies and freends which be no small number being both for his sake much beloued and also for the great iniurie manifest tyrannie doone to them by the new vsurper much lamented and pitied would neuer ceasse to barke if they cannot bite at the one side of me Semblablie my coosine the earle of Richmond his aids and kinsfolks which be not of little power will suerlie attempt like a fierce greihound either to bite or to pearse me on the other side So that my life and rule should euer hang line 60 by a haire neuer in quiet but euer in doubt of death or deposition And if the said two linages of Yorke and Lancaster which so long haue striued for the imperiall diadem should ioine in one against me then were I suerlie mated and the game gotten Wherefore I haue cléerelie determined and with my selfe concluded vtterlie to relinquish all such fantasticall imaginations concerning the obteining of the crowne But all such plagues calamities and troubles which I feared and suspected might haue chanced on me if I had taken the rule and regiment of this realme I shall with a reredemaine so make them rebound to to our common enimie that calleth himselfe king that the best stopper that he hath at tenice shall not well stop without a fault For as I told you before the counfesse of Richmond in my returne from the new named king méeting me in the high waie praâ—ed me first for kinred sake secondarâ—lie for the loue that I bare to my grandfather duke Humfrie which was sworne brother to hir father so mooue the king to be good to hir sonne Henrie earle of Richmond and to licence him with his fauour to returne againe into England And if it were his pleasure so to doo she promised that the earle hir sonne should marrie one of king Edwards daughters at the appointment of the king without anie thing to be taken or demanded for the said espousals but onelie the kings fauour which request I soone ouerpassed and gaue hir faire words and so departed But after in my lodging when I called to memorie with a deliberate studie and did circumspectlie ponder them I fullie adiudged that the Holie-ghost caused hir to mooue a thing the end whereof she could not consider both for the securitie of the realme as also for the preferment of hir child and the destruction and finall confusion of the common enimie king
he set forward with his armie being diuided into thrée battels or wards of the which the first was led by sir Robert Ratcliffe lord Fitz Water the middle ward or battell the earle himselfe guided and with him his brother the lord Edmund Howard The rereward was gouerned by sir William Sands and sir Richard Wingfield both being knights of the garter Capteine of the horssemen was sir Edward line 20 Guilford They entered into the French ground the second of September being tuesdaie and tooke their iournie toward Heding By the way there came to them a great power of Burgognians from the ladie Margaret as then regent of Flanders according to the articles of the league All the townes villages and castels in the countrie thorough the which they marched were burned wasted and destroied on euerie side of their waie as the towne and castell of Sellois line 30 the townes of Brume bridge Senekerke Botingham Manstier the towne and castell of Nerbins the towne of Dauerne the castels of Columberge and Rew the towne and church fortified of Boards saint Marie de Bois the towne of Ulaus the towne and castell of Fringes On the sixtéenth daie of September the earle of Surrie with his armie of Englishmen and Burgognians came before the castell of Heding and planted his siege before it The towne was entered and part thereof burned line 40 by the Burgognians Within the castell was capteine monsieur de Bâ—ez hauing prouided for defense of the place all things necessarie so that the earle of Surrie and other the capteins of the hoast perceiuing they could not within anie short time win it after they had bin before it eleuen daies they raised their siege chéeflie bicause they had no great battering peeces to ouerthrow the walles For the weather was such and the waies waxed so deepe towards the latter end of that line 50 summer that they could not conueie with them anie great ordinance From Heding they passed forward and comming to Dorlens burned the towne and rased the castell From thense they came vnto the towne of Darrier which they burnt also and spoiled Thus they burned and spoiled all the waie as they passed But the weather still waxed woorse and woorse so that manie fell sicke through intemperance thereof and the Burgognians and Spaniards which were in the armie returned into Flanders line 60 Then the earle of Surrie perceiuing that he could no longer keepe the field in that season of the yeare turned backe towards Calis in good order of battell and came thither the sixtéenth of October He would gladlie in déed before the departure of the Burgognians and Spaniards haue passed the water of Somme but other capteins considering the time of the yeare to be past and that the whole armie conteined not aboue eightéene thousand men iudged it more wisedome to returne and so in the end their opinions were followed After that the English armie was returned to Calis the earle of Surrie sent foorth sir William Sands sir Maurice Berkeleie sir William Fitz Williams and with them three thousand men which burned Marguison the towne of saint Iehans rode and also Temple towne with manie villages They also brought a maruellous great bootie of goods out of the countrie which they got at this rode as fouretéene thousand shéepe a thousand foure hundred oxen and kine and other great cattell a thousand thrée hundred hogs and eight hundred mares and horsses besides prisoners When the earle of Surrie had set things in order and appointed foorth such as he would haue remaine in the garrisons on that side the sea he returned and all the residue of the armie sauing those that were commanded to tarie came ouer also with the nauie and arriued in the Thames and so euerie man into his countrie at his pleasure There remained also behind a companie of men of warre called aduenturers which serued without wages liuing onelie on that which they could catch win of the enimies There were foure hundred of them that went with the armie now this last time into France and did much hurt vnto the Frenchmen for they were by practise become expert and skilfull in the points of warre and dailie exploited one enterprise or other to their owne aduantage and hinderance of the enimie The duke of Albanie being in this meane while established gouernour of Scotland raised an armie of fourescore thousand men and aboue with the which he approched to the English borders but made no inuasion The mistrust that he had in the Scots caused him to staie and therefore he sent to the French king for six thousand Almans the which he dailie looking for that in vaine droue off time till the end of summer was now at hand and then requiring a truce for certeine moneths obteined it at the kings hand The earle of Shrewesburie had in a readinesse eight and twentie thousand men to haue resisted him if he had entered vpon the English confines After that an abstinence of warre was taken betwixt England and Scotland then in October following there came into England three personages of small behauiour as it séemed ambassadors out of Scotland they were smallie regarded and shortlie departed Their commission was onelie to vnderstand whether the king had assented to the truce or not Wherevpon it was thought that they were sent rather for a countenance onelie of fulfilling the promise made by the duke of Albanie at that present when the truce was granted than for anie true meaning to accomplish that which was promised that is to saie to agrée vnto some vnfeined and perfect conclusion of peace The king héere vpon doubting their old pranks ordeined the earle of Northumberland Henrie Persie the fift of that name warden of the whole marches who thankefullie receiued the honor thereof and so he departed But whatsoeuer matter it was that mooued him year 1522 shortlie after he began to make sute to the king and ceassed not till he was of that office discharged and then the earle of Surrie lord admerall of England was made generall warden and the lord Marquesse Dorset was made warden of the east and middle marches and the lord Dacres of the west marches The earle of Northumberland was for this refusall of exercising the office of lord warden greatlie blamed of his owne tenants and accounted of all men to be void of the loue and desire that noblemen ought to haue to honor and chiualrie The lord Marquesse Dorset accompanied with sir William Bulmer and sir Arthur Darcie with manie other of the nobilitie the second of Aprill then being thursdaie before Easter entered into Tiuidale and so passing forward ten miles into Gallowaie burnt on euerie side the townes and villages All the night he tarried within the Scotish ground and on the morrow being goodfridaie he withdrew backe into England with foure thousand neat hauing burned Grimsleie Mowhouse Doufford Miles Ackfoorth Crowling Nowes
honour I will giue the a thousand crownes Ye haue a proud sort among you but I line 30 trust to sée your pride abated shortlie and of the erle Huntleies too Iwis he is a glorious yoong gentleman This said the earle of Warwike continued his request that he might receiue this chalenge but the lord protector would in no wise grant it These messengers had their answers and therewith leaue to depart The Scots in midst of this message dooing contrarie to the order of warre which as it granteth safetie to heralds and trumpettâ—rs to passe betwixt line 40 armie and armie so during the time of anie such message as this was hostilitie on both parts ought to ceasse but it skilled not On the morow after they had their guns taken from them as saith maister Patten and put into their hands that could vse them with more good maner But now concerning the message of the herald it was thought that he was sent therewith not for that it was beléeued of them that it would be accepted but rather that whilest he was dooing his errand he might surueie the English line 50 power or else for that vpon refusall of the offer they might vse the victorie whereof they accounted themselues assured with more crueltie Of nothing they doubted more than least the Englishmen would haue béene gone backe and gotten to the water before they should haue incountered them and therefore they had appointed to haue giuen the English armie a camisado in the night before the daie of the battell but peraduenture vnderstanding that the Englishmen had warning of line 60 their intention and were prouided for them if they had come they staied and came not at all But in the morning they were vp verie timelie and being put in order of battell they marched streight towards the English campe against whome then though they saw the English horssemen readilie to make yet could not be persuaded but that it was for a policie to staie them till the English footmen and cariages might fullie be bestowed a shipboord and that for the same purpose the English ships were come backe from before Lieth In the night of this daie the dukes grace appointed that earlie in the next morning part of the ordinance should be planted in the lane wherof mention before is made vnder the turfe of the wall next to their campe and some also to be set vpon the hill nie to Undreske church afore remembred and this to the intent we should with our shot cause them either wholie to remooue their campe or else much to annoie them in that place where they laie It was not the least of the Englishmens meaning also to win from them certeine of their ordinance that laie néerest vnto this church And herewith the same morning being the tenth of September and Saturday somewhat before eight of the clocke the English armie dislodged marched streight toward the church of Undreâ—ke as well for intent to haue incamped neere the same as for placing their ordinance and other considerations afore remembred The Scots either for feare of the Englishmens departing or hope of their spoiling were out of their campe comming toward them passed the riuer gathered in araie and well néere at this church yer the Englishmen were halfe waie to it so quite disappointing the Englishmens purpose Which at the first séemed verie strange in their eies as altogither beside their expectation as they that thought they would neuer haue forsaken their strength to méet them in the field But after it was knowne that they did not onelie thus purpose to doo but also to haue assailed them in their campe as they laie if they had not béene stirring the timelier and hauing caused all their tents to be let flat downe to the ground yer they came out bicause none should lie lurking behind them in their campe and as well the nobles as other leauing their horsses behind them except such as were appointed to serue on horssebacke marched on with their souldiors on foot They came spéedilie forwards on both sides the one till then no whit aware of the others intent but the Scots indeed with a rounder pase betweene two hillocks betwixt the Englishmen and the church mustred somewhat brim at whome as they staied the English gallie shot off slue the maister of Greime with fiue and twentie others néere by him and therewith so skard foure thousand Irish archers brought by the earle of Argile that where as it was said they should haue béene a wing to the fore-ward they could neuer after be made to come forward Hervpon did their armie hastilie remooue from thence declining southward tooke their direct waie toward Fauxside braie Of this sir Rafe Uane lieutenant of all the English horssemen first of all or with the first noting it quicklie aduertised the lord protector who thereby did readilie conceiue their meaning which was to win the hill and thereby the wind and sunne the gaine of which thrée things as is thought whether partie in fight of battell can hap to obteine hath his force doubled against his enimie In all this enterprise they vsed for haste so little the helpe of horsse that they plucked foorth their ordinance by draught of men which at that present began fréelie to shoot off towards the English armie whereby it was perceiued they ment more than a skirmish Herewith euerie man began to applie him selfe in his charge and dutie which he had to doo And herewith the lord protector and other of the councell on horssebacke as they were fell streight in consultation The sharpenesse of whose circumspect wisedoms as it quicklie espied out the enimies intents so did it among other things promptlie prouide therin remedie to preuent them as néedfull it was for the time asked no leisure Their deuise was that the lord Greie of Wilton marshall of the armie with his band of Bulleners and with the lord protectors band and the earle of Warwikes all to the number of eightéene hundred horssemen on the left hand on the east halfe and sir Rafe Uane with sir Thomas Darcie capteine of the pensioners and men of armes and the lord Fitzwaters with his band of demilances all to the number of sixtéene hundred to be readie and euen with the lord marshall on the west halfe And thus all these togither afore to incounter the enimies afront whereby either to breake their araie and that waie to weaken their power by disorder or at the least to stop them of their gate and force them to staie while the fore-ward might wholie haue the hilles side and the battell and rere-ward be placed in grounds next line 10 that in order and best for aduantage And after this that the same horssemen should retire vp to the hilles side to come downe in order afresh and infest them on both sides whilest the foot battels should occupie them in fight afront Which enterprise
laie sidelong toward the Englishmen next to whome by the side of the same furrowes a stones cast from the Scots was there a crosse ditch or slough which the Englishmen must needs passe to come to them wherein manie that could not leape ouer stucke fast to no small danger of themselues and some disorder of their fellowes The enimie perceiuing the Englishmen fast to approch disposed themselues to abide the brunt and line 10 in this order stood still to receiue them The earle of Angus next to the Englishmen in the Scotish foreward as capteine of the same with an eight thousand men and foure or fiue péeces of ordinance on his right hand and a foure hundred horssemen on his left Behind him westward the gouernour with ten thousand Inland men as they call them the choisest soldiers counted of their countrie And the earle of Huntleie in the rere-ward welnie euen with the battell on the left side with eight thousand The foure line 20 thousand Irish archers as a wing to them both last indéed in order first as they said that ran awaie The battell and also the rere-ward were garded likewise with their ordinance according Edward Shelleie lieutenant vnder the lord Greie of his band of Bulleners was the first that passed ouer the sâ—ough The lord Greie himselfe next with the lord Iohn Greie and others in the foremost ranke and so then after two or thrée rankes of their former bands But badlie yet could they make their line 30 rase by reason the furrowes laie trauerse to their course That notwithstanding and though also they were nothing likelie well to be able thus afront to come within them to doo them hurt as well bicause the Scotishmens pikes were as long or longer than their staues as also for that their horsses were all naked without bards whereof though there were right manie among them yet not one put on for as much as at their comming forth in the morning they looked for nothing lesse than for battell that daie yet line 40 did those worthie gentlemen the lord Greie of Wilton the lord Iohn Greie and maister Shelleie with the residue so valiantlie stronglie giue the charge vpon them that whether it were by their prowesse or power the left side of the enimies that his lordship did set vpon though their order remained vnbroken was yet compelled to swaie a good waie backe and giue ground largelie and all the residue of them beside to stand much amazed Beside this as the Englishmen were welnie at line 50 their enimies they stood verie braue and bragging shaking their pike points crieng Come lounds come héere tikes come heretikes and such like rhetorike they vsed But though saith master Patten they meant but small humanitie yet shewed they thereby much ciuilitie both of faire plaie to warne yer they stroke and of formall order to chide yer they fought The English capteines that were behind perceiuing at eie that both by the vnéeuennesse of the ground by the sturdie order of the enimie and line 60 for that their fellowes were so nie and streight before them they were not able to anie aduantage to mainteine this onset did therefore according to the deuise in that point appointed turne themselues and made a soft retire vp toward the hill againe Howbeit to confesse the truth some of the number that knew not the prepensed policie of the counsell in this case made of a sober aduised retire an hastie rash and vnaduised flight howbeit without capteine or standard vpon no cause of néed but of a méere vndiscretion and madnesse A madnesse indéed for first the Scots were not able to pursue bicause they were footmen and then if they could what hope by flight so farre from home in their enimies land where was no place of refuge The valiant lord Greie Edward Shelleie little Preston Brampton and Ierningham Bulleners Ratcliffe the lord Fitzwaters brother sir Iohn Cleres sonne and heire Rawleie a gentleman of right commendable prowesse Digs of Kent Ellerker a pensioner Segraue of the duke of Summersets band Standleie Woodhouse Conisbie Horgill Norris Denis Arthur and Atkinson with other in the fore-ranke not being able in this earnest assault both to tend to their fight afore and to the retire behind the Scots againe well considering herby how weake they remained caught courage afresh ran sharplie forward vpon them and without anie mercie slue the most part of them that abode furthest in prease a six more of Bulleners and other than before are named in all to the number of twentie six and most part gentlemen My lord Greie yet and my lord Iohn Greie and likewise my lord Edward Seimer as some grace was returned againe but neither all in safetie nor without euident markes they had bin there for the lord Greie with a pike through the mouth was rased a long from the tip of the toong and thrust that waie verie dangerouslie more than two inches in the necke and the other two had their horsses vnder them with swords sore wounded Like as also a little before this onset sir Thomas Darcie vpon his approch to the enimies was striken glansing wise on the right side with a bullet of one of their field péeces and thereby his bodie brused with the bowing in of his armour his sword hilts broken and the forefinger of his right hand beaten flat Euen so vpon the parting of this fraie was sir Arthur Darcie slasht at with swords and so hurt vpon the wedding finger of his right hand also as it was counted for the first part of curing to haue it quite cut awaie About the same time certeine of the Scots ran on hastilie to the kings standard of the horssemen the which sir Andrew Flammocke bare and laieng fast hold vpon the staffe therof cried A king a king that if both his strength his hart and his horsse had not beene good and herewith somewhat aided at this pinch by sir Rafe Coppinger a pensioner both he had béene slaine and the standard lost which the Scots neuerthelesse held so fast that they brake and bare awaie the nether end of the staffe to the burrell and intended so much to the gaine of the standard that sir Andrew as hap was scaped home all safe and else without hurt At this businesse also the lord Fitzwaters both earle of Sussex and lord chamberleine to the quéenes maiestie capteine there of a number of demilances was vnhorst but soone mounted againe scaped yet in great danger and his horsse all hewen Hereat further were Caluerleie the standard-bearer of the men at armes and Clement Paston a pensioner thrust each of them into the leg with pikes and Don Philip a Spaniard into the knée diuerse others maimed and hurt and manie horsses sore wounded beside By this time had the English fore-ward accordinglie gotten the full vantage of the hilles side and in respect of their
decrées of the old fathers that might be preiudiciall to the authoritie of the archbishop of Yorke at whose appointment those and the like things were accustomed to be doone In this controuersie or the like it is left written that in a court held at Rome the time is not mentioned the pope perceiuing the strife betwéene these two prelats to be but for the highest place or primasie in the church he solemnelie gaue sentence by decree that the sée of Yorke should haue in title Primas Angliae Canturburie Primas totius Angliae which titles doo yet remain to them both But to leaue this and to speake of other things which chanced in the meane time that this controuersie depended betwixt the two archbishops I find that Edwin and Marchar earles of Mertia and Northumberland hauing of late obteined pardon for their former misdemeanor reconciled to the king began now so much to mislike the state of the world againe as euer they did before For perceiuing how the Englishmen were still oppressed with thraldome miserie on ech hand they conspired began a new rebellion but with verie ill successe as shall herafter appeare The king vnderstanding of their dealings and being not onelie armed throughlie with temporall force but also endued with the spirituall power of his archbishop Lanfranke who aided him in all that he might for the suppressing of those rebels wasted the countries excéedinglie where he vnderstood that they had gotten anie releefe minding vtterlie to vanquish them with sword fire and hunger or by extreame penurie to bring them vnder They on the other part make as stout resistance and perceiuing that it stood them vpon either to vanquish or to fall into vtter ruine they raise a mightie strong host and make Edgar Etheling their capteine a comelie gentleman and a valiant in whome also the whole hope of the English nation was reposed as appeareth by this his accustomed by-word Edgar Etheling Englands dearling Amongst other noble men that were chiefe dooers in the assembling of this armie Frederike abbat of S. Albons a prelate of great wealth and no lesse puissance was a principall The king perceiuing his estate to be now in no small danger is in a great perplexitie what to doo in the end he counselleth with the said Lanfranke archbishop of Canturburie how he might remedie the matter who told him that in such a desperate case the best waie for him should be to séeke by faire words and friendly offers to pacifie the English Nobilitie which by all meanes possible would neuer ceasse to molest him in the recouerie of their liberties Wherevpon he made meanes to come to some agréement with them and so well the matter procéeded line 10 on his side that the Englishmen being deceiued through his faire promises were contented to common of peace for which purpose they came also vnder the conduct of the abbat Frederike vnto Berkamsted where after much reasoning and debating of the matter for the conclusion of amitie betwixt them king William in the presence of the archbishop Lanfranke and other of his lords tooke a personall oth vpon all the relikes of the church of S. Albons and the holie euangelists the abbat Frederike ministring line 20 the same vnto him that he would from thencefoorth obserue and keepe the good and ancient approoued lawes of the realme which the noble kings of England his predecessors had made and ordeined heretofore but namelie those of S. Edward which were supposed to be most equall and indifferent The peace being thus concluded and the Englishmen growne thereby to some hope of further quietnesse they began to forsake their alies and returned each one either to his owne possessions or to giue line 30 attendance vpon the king But he warilie cloking his inward purpose notwithstanding the vnitie latelie made determineth particularlie to assaile his enimies whose power without doubt so long as it was vnited could not possiblie be ouercome as he thought and being now by reason of this peace disseuered and dispersed he thought it high time to put his secret purposes in execution wherevpon taking them at vnwares and thinking of nothing lesse than warres and sudden inuasion he imprisoneth manie line 40 killeth diuers and pursueth the residue with fire and sword taking awaie their goods possessions lands and inheritances and banishing them out of the realme In the meane time those of the English Nobilitie which could escape this his outragious tyrannie got awaie and amongst other Edgar Etheling fled againe into Scotland but Edwin was slaine of his owne souldiers as he rode toward Scotland earle Marchar and one Hereward with the bishop of Durham named Egelwinus got into the I le of line 50 Elie in purpose there to defend themselues from the iniurie of the Normans for they tooke the place by reason of the situation to be of no small strength Howbeit king William endeuouring to cut them short raised a power and stopped all the passages on the east side and on the west part he made a causie through the fennes of two miles in length whereby he got vnto them and constreined them to yeeld But Marchar or as others haue Hereward foreséeing the imminent danger likelie to take effect made line 60 shift to get out of the I le by bote and so by spéedie flight escaped into Scotland The bishop of Durham being taken was sent to the abbey of Abingdon to be kept as prisoner where he was so sparinglie fed that within a short space he died for hunger In this meane time and whilest king William was thus occupied in rooting out the English Malcolme king of Scotland had wasted the countries of Theisedale Cleueland and the lands of S. Cutbert with sundrie other places in the north parts Wherevpon Gospatrike being latelie reconciled to the king made earle of Northumberland was sent against him who sacked and destroied that part of Cumberland which the said Malcolme by violence had brought vnder his subiection At the same time Malcolme was at Weremouth beholding the fire which his people had kindled in the church of Saint Peter to burne vp the same and there hearing what Gospatrike had doone he tooke such displeasure thereat that he commanded his men they should leaue none of the English nation aliue but put them all to the sword without pitie or compassion so oft as they came to hand The bloudie slaughter which was made at this time by the Scots through that cruell commandement of Malcolme was pitifull to consider for women children old and yong went all one way howbeit manie of those that were strong and able to serue for drudges and slaues were reserued and carried into Scotland as prisoners where they remained manie yeares after in so much that there were few houses in that realme but had one or mo English slaues and captiues whom they gat at this vnhappie voiage Miserable was the state of the English at that time
empresse being now at libertie went from place to place to trie and solicit hir fréends and as a riuer increaseth in the passage so the further the ladie went the more hir power increased About the midst of the next night after the siege was raised she departed out of the castle and with great iournies sped hir towards Bristow which was alreadie reuolted to hir side These things being thus bruted abroad the Peeres of the realme resorted to hir as they that well remembred how in time past by oth of allegiance they were suerlie bound to hir and hir issue The king in the meane time besieged the castle of Wallingford but after he vnderstood that the empresse was gotten to Bristow repenting himselfe for his light credit giuen to euill counsell he left off the siege of Wallingford and drew towards Bristow that he might if it were possible inclose his aduersaries within that walled citie But the empresse being aduertised of his determination by such of hir fréends as were resident about him first went to Glocester and after to Lincolne where she prouided vittailes and all other things necessarie for hir armie and defense purposing to remaine in that citie till the matter were either tried by chance of warre betwixt hir and king Stephan or that by the peoples helpe reuolting to hir side he might be driuen out of the realme and she restored to the whole gouernement The king followed hir verie earnestlie and comming vnto Lincolne besieged it assaieng on euerie side which waie he might best find meanes to win it enter into the same At length the empresse found shift to escape from thence and within a little while the king got possession of the citie But shortlie after Robert earle of Glocester and Ranulph earle of Chester Hugh Bigot and Robert of Morley assembling their power aswell of Welshmen as others to come to the succour of those that were thus besieged came to Lincolne pitching downe their tents néere to the enimies they rested the first night without making any great attempt In the morning being the second daie of Februarie so soone as it was daie they set their men in order of battell and brought them foorth in sight of the king and his host who on the other side not meaning to refuse the conflict ordered his men readie to encounter them whome he diuided into 3. seuerall battels The chiefest part of his armed men he appointed to remaine on foot amongst whom he placed himselfe with certeine noble men as earle Baldwin and others The residue being horssemen he disposed into two seuerall wings in one of which were Alaine duke of Britaine Hugh Bigot earle of Norfolke Simon earle of Hampton and two other earles Mellent and Waren howbeit they were not furnished with such number of men as had béene requisit for as it fell out they brought no great retinues with them The other wing was gouerned by the earle of Albemarle and William de Ypres Now on the aduersaries side the earle of Chester led the fore ward and those whome king Stephan had disherited were placed in the middle ward In the rere ward the earle of Glocester with his companie had the rule And besides those thrée battels the Welshmen were set as a wing at one of the sides Here the earle of Chester to vtter the good will line 10 which he had to fight appointed in faire armour as he was spake these words in effect as followeth directing the same to the earle of Glocester and other the capteines saieng I giue you hartie thanks most inuincible chiefteine and you my fellow soldiers which declare your hartie good wils towards me euen to the ieoparding of your liues at this my request and instance Sith then I am the occasion of your perill it is conuenient that I make the first entrance line 20 and giue the onset of the battell vpon that most disloiall king who granting a truce hath broken the peace and swearing to be a subiect is now prooued a most wicked vsurper I therefore trusting both vpon reuenge of the vniust dealings of this king and also vpon mine owne force and courage shall straitwaies breake in sunder the arraie of his armie and make waie through the middest of the enimies with sword in hand It shall be your parts then to follow me who will lead you the waie for euen now my mind giueth me that I shall passe thorough line 30 the battels tread the capteines vnder foot and run the king through with this my sharpe sword When he had thus ended the earle of Glocester answered in this wise It is not against reason that you should require the honor of the first onset both for the nobilitie of your house and also in respect of the prowesse wherein you excell but yet if you stand vpon nobilitie for my part being the sonne and nephue of a king ought not I to be preferred If vpon line 40 valiancie here are manie verie worthie men afore whom there is not one aliue that may chalenge any prerogatiue But another reason moueth me most chieflie to be the formost The king who contrarie to his oth made to my sister hath cruellie vsurped the kingdome and setting all in trouble hath beene the cause of manie thousand mens deaths and distributed lands and liuings to such as haue no right to the same which he hath violentlie taken from the rightfull owners who are quite disherited This king I saie is first to be assailed with the assistance of the line 50 righteous iudge who prepareth punishment for wicked dooers For almightie God who iudgeth his people with equitie will looke downe from his heauenlie habitation and will not leaue vs comfortlesse in this so great a necessitie One thing there is most valiant capteines and all you right hardie souldiers which I would haue you to consider that through the fennes which with much adoo you haue passed there is no waie to escape by flight Here must we either line 60 vanquish the enimies or else die in the field for no hope of safegard remaineth in fléeing awaie This onelie resteth I saie that you make waie for you to enter the citie with force of your weapons If I be not deceiued in that which my mind giueth me to coniecture the lacke of meanes to escape otherwise than by shewing your selues valiant men by Gods helpe will bring vs the victorie For he must néeds plaie the man who hath not other succor to auoid the danger of destruction The citizens of Lincolne who shall fight so néere their houses as you shall sée will not staie long to get them thither for their refuge And herewith consider and weie I beseech you against whom you shall match in this battell There is Alane duke of Britaine who commeth armed against you yea rather against God a wicked person and spotted with all kind of filthinesse who in malice hath no
by way of redemption of his libertie to deliuer into the kings hands the line 30 Tower of London the castell of Walden and Pleshey Herevpon the same earle being released was driuen through pouertie to seeke some recouerie of his losses by sundrie spoiles and roberies First of all therefore he spoiled the abbeie of S. Albons and then the abbeie of Ramsey which he fortified and defended as a fortresse casting the moonks out of doores and in euerie place where soeuer he came he robbed the countrie before him till at length in the midst of his reuenge and malicious dooings he was shot thorough line 40 with an arrow amongst his men by a sillie footman and so ended his life with confusion receiuing worthie punishment for his vngodlie behauiour For he was a man of high stomach loftie courage but verie obstinate against God of great industrie in worldlie businesse but passing negligent towards his maker as writers report of him Likewise Robert Marmion who had attempted the semblable robberie spoile in the abbeie church of Couentrie was slaine before the same abbeie by line 50 a like mischance For going foorth to encounter with the earle of Chester his mortall enimie and being approched as then towards the citie he fell with his horsse into a ditch which he caused to be couertlie made for the destruction of his enimies and before he could be relieued a souldier of the earles part stept to him and stroke his head from his shoulders in sight of both armies Ernulfus the sonne of earle Geffrey Mandeuile that kept the church of Ramsey as a fortresse after his fathers death was taken at line 60 length and banished ¶ Thus we see how Gods iudgement hunteth and pursueth the wicked in somuch that they be ouertaken in their owne imaginations according to that of the scripture The wicked and bloudthirstie man shall not liue halfe his daies And true it is that as men liue so commonlie they die for as one saith verie well bona nulla scelestis Et iustis mala nulla quidem contingere possunt About the same time aduertisement was giuen that the citie of Lincolne which the earle of Chester had in keeping was but slenderlie manned Wherevpon the king conceiuing some hope to win the same hasted forward and comming thither in the night laid siege therevnto and began to cast a trench to stop them within frō making any salies without The earle at the first being somewhat amazed with the sudden approch of the enimie yet beholding from the walles the maner of them without he perceiued the rankes to be verie thin and thereby gessing their number to be but small suddenlie issued foorth at the gates to encounter with them The king abode not the giuing of the charge bicause he was but weake and therefore fled neither could the earle follow the chace conuenientlie for the like cause but setting vpon those that were about to make the trench he slue 80. of the workemen and then retired into the castell This yeare was an heinous act committed by the Iewes at Norwich where they put a child to death in crucifieng him vpon a crosse to the reproch of christian religion In the yeare following namelie in the 10. yeare of king Stephans reigne Robert earle of Glocester and other capteins tooke in hand to build a castell at Faringdon But king Stephan assembling an armie of Londoners and other came thither and besieged them within Now whilest earle Robert and others of the empresses capteins remaining not far off taried for a greater power to come to their aid the king with sharpe assaults but not without losse of his men wan the fortresse whereby his side began to wax the stronger and to be more highlie aduanced After this he came with a mightie armie vnto Wallingford and there builded a strong castell ouer against the other castell which his aduersaries held against him Thither also came the earle of Chester with a great traine of knights and gentlemen vnto the king and so at length they were not vnfeignedlie accorded and made freends but in apperance on the kings behalfe For shortlie after the earle was craftilie taken at a parlement holden at Northampton by the practise of K. Stephan and could not be deliuered till he had surrendred the citie and castell of Lincolne with other fortresses perteining to the crowne into the kings hands About that time did the Welshmen destroie the prouince of Chester but at last they were distressed This yeare also the lord Geffrey earle of Aniou sent thrée Noble men into England accompanied with certeine men of warre vnto earle Robert requesting him to send ouer his sonne Henrie into France that he might sée him and if need required he promised to send him backe againe with all conuenient speed Earle Robert was contented to satisfie his request and so with a good power of armed men brought the lord Henrie vnto Warham where he tooke leaue of him neuer after to sée him in this world For when the child was transported earle Robert returned spéedilie to the parties from whence he came and there falling into an ague departed this life about the beginning of Nouember and was buried at Bristow The lord Henrie comming to his father was ioifully receiued and remained in those parties for the space of two yeares and foure moneths In the meane season the vniust procéedings of K. Stephan against the earle of Chester purchased him new hatred of his old aduersaries and like supicion of such as were his freends for it sounded not a little to his dishonor Euerie man therefore was in doubt of his dealing and iudged that it stood them vpon to take héed to themselues But he as one that thought he had atchiued some high exploit in triumphant wise shortlie after entred into Lincolne in his roiall robes and his crowne on his head whereas it had not béene heard that any king had doone the like manie yeares before ¶ It is reported by some writers that he did this to root out of mens minds a foolish superstitious conceit which beléeued that no king with his crowne vpon his head might enter that citie but some mischance should light vpon him wherevpon he seemed by this meanes to mocke their superstitious imagination About the same time manie of the Nobles of the line 10 realme perceiuing the kings authoritie to represse violent wrongs committed by euill dooers to be defectiue builded sundrie strong castels and fortresses vpon their owne grounds either to defend themselues or to make force vpon their enimies néere adioining After the departing of the king from Lincolne the earle of Chester came thither with an armie to assaie if he might recouer that citie But his lieutenant that had the leading of his men was slaine at the entring of the northgate and so the erle line 20 was beaten backe with the losse
Feuersham abbeie which she and hir husband had begonne from the verie foundation And bicause the moonkes line 20 of S. Augustine might not celebrate diuine seruice she called thither commonlie the moonks of Christes church to say seruice before hir Thus much for that purpose and now to other matters The lord Henrie Fitzempresse after all these businesses returned into England in the moneth of May with a great companie of men of warre both horssemen and footmen by reason whereof many reuolted from king Stephan to take part with him whereas before they sat still and would not attempt line 30 any exploit against him But now incouraged with the presence of the lord Henrie they declared themselues freends to him and enimies to the king Immediatlie after his arriuall he tooke with him the earles of Chester and Hereford Ranulfe and Roger and diuers other Noble men and knights of great fame beside those whom he had brought with him out of Normandie and went vnto Carleil where he found his coosin Dauid king of Scotland of whome he was most ioifullie receiued and vpon Whitsunday line 40 with great solemnitie being not past sixtéene yeares of age was by the same king made knight with diuerse other yoong gentlemen that were much about the same age ¶ Some write that the king of Scots receiued an oth of him before he gaue him the honor of knighthood that if he chanced to atteine vnto the possession of the realme of England he should restore to the Scots the towne of Newcastle with the countrie of Northumberland from the riuer of Twéed to the riuer line 50 of Tine But whether it were so or not I am not able to make warrantize Now king Stephan hearing that the king of Scots and his aduersarie the lord Henrie with the chéefest lords of the west parts of England lay thus in Carleil he raised an armie and came to the citie of Yorke where he remained for the most part of the moneth of August fearing least his enimies should attempt the winning of that citie But after the one part had remained a time in Carleil and the other in line 60 Yorke they departed from both those places without any further exploit for that season sauing that Eustachius king Stephans sonne hauing also latelie receiued the order of knighthood did much hurt in the countries which belonged to those Noble men that were with the lord Henrie The great raine that fell in the summer season this yeare did much hurt vnto corne standing on the ground so that a great dearth followed In the winter also after about the tenth day of December it began to fréese extreamelie and so continued till the nineteenth of Februarie wherby the riuer of Thames was so frosen that men might passe ouer it both on foot and horssebacke In the meane while Henrie Duke of Normandie after he had returned from the king of the Scots sailed backe into Normandie about the beginning of August leauing England full of all those calamities which ciuill warre is accustomed to bring with it as burning of houses killing robbing and spoiling of people so that the land was in danger of vtter destruction by reason of that pestilent discord This yeare the 23. of Februarie Galfridus Monumetensâ—s otherwise called Galfridus Arâ—hâ—rius who turned the British historie into Latine was consecrated bishop of S. Assaph by Theobald archbishop of Canturburie at Lambeth William bishop of Norwich and Walter bishop of Rochester assisting him Morouer this yeare as some writers haue recorded Geffrey earle of Aniou husband to the empresse Maud departed this life on the seuenth day of September leauing his sonne Henrie onelie heire and successor in the estates of the duchie of Normandie and countie of Aniou The bodie of the said earle was buried at Mans with a great funerall pompe his three sonnes Henrie Geffrey and William being present But king Stephan assaulting the faire citie of Worcester with a great power of men of warre tooke it and consumed it with fire but the castell he could not win This citie belonged to earle Waleran de Mellent at that season for king Stephan to his owne hinderance had giuen it vnto him Now after the men of warre had diuided the spoile amongst them they came backe and passing through the lands of their enimies got great booties which they also tooke away with them finding none to resist them in their iournie In the yeare following Theobald archbishop of Canturburie and legat to the sée apostolike held a generall synod or councell at London in the Lent season where king Stephan himselfe with his sonne Eustachius and other the péeres of the realme were present This councell was full of appeales contrarie to that had beene vsed in this land till the time that Henrie bishop of Winchester vnto his owne harme whilest he was likewise the popes legat had by vniust intrusion brought them in and now at this councell he was himselfe thrise appealed to the hearing of the popes owne consistorie After this king Stephan in the same yeare brake into the citie of Worcester and whereas he could not the last time win the castell he now endeuoured with all his force to take it But when those within made valiant resistance he raised two castels against it and leauing in the same certeine of his Nobles to continue the siege he himselfe returned home ¶ Thus as yee see the kings propertie was to attempt manie things valiantlie but he procéeded in them oftentimes verie slowlie howbeit now by the policie of the earle of Leicester those two castels which the king had raised to besiege the other castell were shortlie after destroied and so the besieged were deliuered from danger This earle of Leicester was brother to the earle of Mellent Thus the kings purposed intention and painefull trauell on that behalfe came to none effect In the meane while Henrie duke of Normandie maried Elianor duches of Guien or Aquitaine latelie diuorsed from the French king and so in right of hir he became duke of Aquitaine and earle of Poictou for she was the onelie daughter to William duke of Guien and earle of Poictou and by hir father created his sole and lawfull heire The French king was nothing pleased with this mariage in somuch that he made sore warre vpon duke Henrie ioining himselfe in league with king Stephan with his sonne Eustace and with the lord Geffrey brother to duke Henrie so that the said Henrie was constreined to defer his iournie into England and applie his power to deâ—end his countries and subiects on that side of the sea For whereas he was readie at the mouth of the riuer of Barbe to passe ouer into England not long after midsummer the French king with Eustace king Stephans sonne Robert earle of Perch Henrie erle of Champaigne and Geffrey brother to duke Henrie hauing assembled a mightie armie came and besieged the line 10
fortified at Xanctes and in the same forts and church which was also fortified against him 60. knights or men of armes and 400. archbalisters that is the best of them that bare crossebowes Philip earle of Flanders in the presence of the French king and other the peeres of France laieng his hand vpon the holie relikes sware that within 15. daies next insuing the feast of S. Iohn then instant to enter England with an armie and to doo his best to subdue the same to king Henrie the son Upon trust whereof the yoong king the more presuming came downe to Whitsand the 14. daie of Iulie that he might from thence send ouer into England line 10 Rafe de la Haie with certeine bands of souldiers Before this the earle of Flanders had sent ouer 318. knights or men of armes as we may call them But after their arriuall at Orwell which chanced the 14. of Iune by reason that their associats were dispersed and for the more part subdued they tooke with them earle Hugh Bigot and marching to Norwich assaulted the citie and wan it gaining there great riches and speciallie in readie monie and led awaie a great sort of prisoners whome they line 20 ransomed at their pleasure This chanced the 18. of Iune ¶ I remember that William Paruus writeth that the citie of Norwich was taken by the Flemings that came ouer with the earle of Leicester in the yeare last past by the conduct of the said earle before he was taken and that after he had taken that citie being accompanied with earle Bigot he led those Flemings also vnto Dunwich purposing to win and sacke that towne also but the inhabitants being line 30 better prouided against the comming of their enimies than they of Norwich were shewed such countenance of defense that they preserued their towne from that danger so that the two earles with Flemings were constreined to depart without atchiuing their purpose But whether that this attempt against Dunwich was made by the earle of Leicester before his taking in companie of earle Bigot I haue not to auouch But verelie for the winning of Norwich I suppose that William Paruus mistaketh line 40 the time except we shall saie that it was twise taken as first by the earle of Leicester in the yeare 1173. For it is certeine by consent of most writers and especiallie those that haue recorded particularlie the incidents that chanced here in this land during these troubles betwixt the king and his sons that it was taken now this yeare 1174. by earle Bigot as before we haue shewed But now to procéed The lords that had the rule of the land for king Henrie the father perceiuing line 50 earle Bigots procéedings sent knowledge thereof with all expedition to the king as yet remaining in the parties beyond the seas Whilest these things were a dooing although the minds of manie of the conspirators against king Henrie the father were inclined to peace yet Roger Mowbray and Hugh Bigot by reason of this new supplie of men got out of Flanders ceassed not to attempt fresh exploits and chéeflie they solicited the matter in such wise with William king of Scotland that whilest they in line 60 other quarters of the realme plaied their parts he entred into the confines of Cumberland and first besieged the citie of Carleil but perceiuing he could not win it in any short time he left one part of his armie to keepe siege before it and with the residue marched into the countrie alongst by the riuer of Eden taking by force the castels of Bourgh and Applebie with diuerse other This doone he passed ouer the riuer and came through Northumberland wasting the countrie as he went vnto Alnewike which place he attempted to win though his labour therein proued but in vaine This enterprise which he made into Northumberland he tooke in hand chéefelie at the suit and request of Roger Mowbray from whome Geffrey who after was bishop of Lincolne K. Henries eldest base son had taken two of his castels so that he kept the third with much adoo He had giuen his eldest sonne in hostage vnto the said king of Scots for assurance of such couenants to be kept on his behalfe as were passed betwixt them In the meane time one Duncane or Rothland with an other part of the Scotish armie entered into Kendall and wasted that countrie in most cruell wise neither sparing age nor sex insomuch that he brake into the churches slue those that were fled into the same for safegard of their liues as well preests as other The English power of horssemen which passed not the number of 400. was assembled at Newcastell vnder the leading of Robert de Stouteuille Raâ—e Glanuille William Ursie Bernard Balliolle and Odonet de Umfreiuille These capteines hauing knowledge that Duncane was in one side of the countrie and king William in another determined to issue foorth and trie the chance of warre which is doubtfull and vncerteine according to the old saieng Fortuna belli semper ancipiti in loco est against the enimies sith it should be a great rebuke to them to suffer the countrie to be wasted after that sort without reuengement Herevpon riding foorth one morning there arose such a thicke fog and mist that they could not discerne any waie about them so that doubting to fall within the laps of their enimies at vnwares they staied a while to take aduise what should be best for them to doo Now when they were almost fullie resolued to haue turned backe againe by the comfortable words and bold exhortation of Bernard Balliolle they changed their purpose and rode forward till at length the northerne wind began to waken and droue awaie the mist so that the countrie was discouered vnto them and perceiuing where Alnewike stood not knowing as yet whether the Scots had woone it or not they staied their pace and riding softlie at length learning by the inhabitants of the countrie that the Scotish king despairing to win Alnewike had raised his siege from thence the same day they turned streight thither and lodging there all night in the morning got to their horsses verie earelie riding foorth towards the enimies that were spred abroad in the countrie to forrey the same They had anon espied where the king was and incontinentlie compassed him about on euerie side who perceiuing the English horssemen readie thus to assaile him with all diligence called backe his men from the spoile but the more part of them being straied far off through the swéetnes they found in getting of preies could not heare the sound of the trumpets yet notwithstanding with those his horssemen which he could get togither he encountred the English men which came vpon him verie hastilie The battell was begun verie fiercelie at the first and well fought for a time but the Scotish horssemen being toiled before in forreieng the countrie could not long continue against the
said archbishop that he should ceasse from building of the fore mentioned church bicause the building therof would be preiudiciall to the church of Canturburie About the same time also king Henrie gaue his coosen the ladie Ermengard who was daughter to Richard Uicount Beaumount in marriage vnto line 60 William king of Scotland causing the archbishop of Canturburie to ioine them togither in the bond of matrimonie within the chappell at Woodstocke where he kept great cheere in honour of that marriage for the space of foure daies togither And further he gaue at the same time vnto the king of Scots the castell of Edenbourgh and the king of Scots streitwaies gaue it vnto his wife the forsaid Ermingard as a portion of hir dower augmented with an hundred pounds of lands by the yeare and 40. knights fées The French king required to haue the custodie of the infant Arthur heire to Geffrey earle of Britaine but king Henrie would in no wise grant thereto Wherefore he sent Walter archbishop of Rouen William de Mandeuille earle of Albemarle and Ranulfe de Glandeuille lord cheefe iustice of England to the French court to talke with king Philip about that matter so that king Philip hauing heard them was contented to staie from attempting force till the feast of S. Hilarie But in the meane time it chanced that one sir Richard de Walles a knight of the realme of France went about to fortifie a castell in a village that belonged to him called Walles situated betwixt Trie Gisors Wherevpon Henrie Uere constable of Gisors vnder William earle of Albemarle was nothing content therwith and therefore got a companie togither went foorth to disturbe the worke Upon this occasion the seruants of the said sir Richard de Walles came foorth and encountred with him in the field in somuch that Rafe the sonne of sir Richard de Walles was slaine and the residue that were with him fled many of them being sore beaten and wounded When the French king was informed hereof he caused all the kings of England his subiects that could be found within his countries and dominion of France to be apprehended and their goods seized The stewards bailifes officers then of king Henrie did the like by the French kings subiects that chanced to be at that present within the king of Englands countries on that further side of the sea But within a little while after the French king set the English subiects at libertie and so likewise did the K. of Englands officers release the French subiects At this time king Henrie held his Christmasse at Gilford and shortlie after came one Octauianus a subdeacon cardinall and Hugh de Nouant from the court of Rome sent as legats from pope Urbane into Ireland that they might crowne earle Iohn the kings sonne king of that land But king Henrie made a delaie therein taking the legats with him into Normandie whither he sailed at the same time and landing at Wissand he went from thence into Normandie and shortlie after came to a communication with the French king at a place called Vadum Sancti Remigij where after much talke they could not agrée by reason the French king demanded things vnreasonable and so they departed without any thing concluded sauing a truce till after Whitsuntide About the same time the citie of Ierusalem was taken by Saladine the chéefe prince of the Saracens Wherevpon much conference was had among the christian princes for the succoring of those christians which as yet held and defended other péeces in the holie land so that by publishing of the popes buls manie tooke on them the crosse and amongst other Richard the sonne of king Henrie without anie licence obteined of his father receiued the same vowing to go thither out of hand and to fight against Gods enimies to the vttermost of his power In the meane time the grudge still increased betwixt king Henrie and Philip the French king partlie for one cause and partlie for an other but speciallie one cheefe occasion was for that earle Richard deferred the dooings of his homage vnto king Philip for the dutchie of Poictou which by his fathers appointment he now inioied and held The French king to preuent his enimies immediatlie vpon the expiring of the truce raised a power and entring into the dominions belonging to king Henrie wasted the countrie till he came vnto Chateu Raoul about which castell also he foorthwith planted his siege When king Henrie was aduertised hereof he raised his power also and togither with his sonne earle Richard came with all spéed to succour his people and to saue his castell from the hands of his enimies Now when he approched néere vnto the place he pitcht downe his tents ouer against the one side of the French campe and earle Richard on the other so that they were readie to assaile the French king on both sides at once but before they came to ioine battell by the mediation of a cardinall as some write or as other saie through meanes made by the earle of Flanders the matter was taken vp For earle Richard through persuasion of the said earle of Flanders came to the French king and agréed with him line 10 before that his father king Henrie was resolued of any such matter for his part so that he was now in a maruellous perplexitie almost to séeke what was best to doo as a man fearing his owne suertie by reason of mistrust which he had in his sonne Richard but yet at the length through humble suit made by his said sonne vnto the French king a truce was granted by the space of two yeares Earle Richard after the matter was thus taken vp went into France with the French king of line 20 whom he was so honoured whilest he was there that they kept one table at dinner and supper in the daie time and as was said one bed serued them both to sléepe on in the night In the meane time king Henrie hearing of all this fell into great suspicion whereto this great familiaritie betwixt the French king and his sonne would tend and doubting the likeliest sent for him to returne vnto him But earle Richard perceiuing his father to mistrust his loialtie gaue faire words line 30 and promised to returne with all conuenient spéed Howbeit he ment an other matter and so departing from the French court came to Chinon where he got into his hands a great portion of his fathers treasure that was kept there against the will of him that had the custodie of it and taking it thus awaie with him he began to fortifie his castels and townes within his countrie of Poictou and clearlie refused to come backe to his father for a time although at length forsaking the counsell of naughtie men he line 40 turned home vnto him and humblie submitted himselfe in such wise as to his dutie apperteined And for
Whose case bicause it is not so conuenient to be handled in this place as els where we will remit to the reigne of Edward the third in whose time Iohn Balioll was king of Scots and cleere him as well as we can from a Scotish slander Another example also we haue and that most notorious of Gabriel Prateolus the Iesuit who hauing neuer beene in England nor yet vnderstanding the English toong blusheth line 40 not to say that the translation of the English bible hath in it a thousand faults O singular and insufferable impudencie when men passe not what they vomit and cast vp out of a full gorge surfetting with malice and rancour But what shall we say Omne superuacuum pleno de pectore manat Indeed as Roger Houeden and other doo witnes the foresaid earle Reimond and also Aimer earle of Angolesme Geffrey de Racon and Geffrey de Lusignan with the most part of all the Nobles of line 50 Poictou made warre against earle Richard and he held tacke against them all and in the end ouercame them Amongst other of earle Reimonds part whom he tooke was one Peter Seille by whose counsell earle Reimond had taken diuerse merchants of Poictou that were subiects to earle Richard doone manie other displeasures to him and to his countrie wherefore earle Richard kept this Peter in verie close prison and would not put him to his ransome in somuch that earle Reimond tooke two of the king line 60 of Englands knights sir Robert Poer and sir Richard Fraser as they were returning from Compostella where they had béene to visit the bodie of S. Iames but they were quicklie set at libertie by the French kings commandement for the reuerence of S. Iames whose pilgrims they were After this earle Richard entred with a great armie into the lands of earle Reimond wasted the same and tooke by siege a castell of his situate néere vnto Tholouze called Moisac whereof the French king hearing sent out of hand to the king of England requiring to know if the damages doone by his sonne earle Richard vnto him his people in Tholouze were doone by his commandement for the which he demanded restitution Herevnto the king of England answered that his sonne earle Richard did nothing in that behalfe either by his knowledge or commandement but that as he had signified to him by the archbishop of Dublin what soeuer he did therin was doone by the counsell of the French king himselfe Howsoeuer this matter went certeine it is that king Philip taking weapon in hand vpon a sudden entred into Berrie and tooke from king Henrie Chasteau Raoull Brezancois Argenton Mountrichard Mountresor Uandosine Leprose Blanc en Berrie Culan and Molignon Wherfore king Henrie who was at this time in England about to prepare an armie to go therewith into the holie land when he heard thereof with all spéed possible he sent Baldwin archbishop of Canturburie and Hugh bishop of Durham ouer into France to appease the French kings displeasure with courteous words and reasonable persuasions if it might be but when that could not be brought to passe he sailed ouer into Normandie himselfe with an armie of Englishmen and Welshmen landing with the same at Herflue the 10. daie of Iulie after he had beene sore tossed by a cruell tempest that rose as he was on the sea to the great danger of his person all that were with him Now after his comming to land he repaired vnto Alencon increasing his power by gathering vp souldiers and men of warre out of Normandie and other his countries on that side the sea In the meane time his sonne Richard earle of Poictou entred into Berrie with a mightie armie and the French king deliuering Chateau Raoull vnto the keeping of sir William de Berres returned into France so that earle Richard spoiled and wasted the lands of those earls and barons which tooke the French part exceedinglie The French king kept him as yet within France and durst not come foorth now after the arriuall of king Henrie but manie enterprises were atchiued by the capteines on both sides Philip bishop of Beauuois inuading the frontiers of Normandie burned Blangeuille belonging to the earle of Angi and the castell Albemarle that belonged to William de Mandeuille whereof he bare the title of earle and wasted the countrie round about The French king alse came to the towne of Trow and burned it and tooke 40. men of armes there but the castell he could not win On the other part Richard earle of Poictou tooke a strong place called Les Roches beyond Trow towards Uandosme with 25. men of armes and 60. yeomen About this time king Henrie sent ambassadours vnto the French king as Walter the archbishop of Rouen Iohn bishop of Eureux and William Marshall to require restitution for the damages doone to him and his people And furthermore that if the French king refused to make restitution then had they in commandement to declare defiance against him Wherevnto the French king answered that he would not giue ouer to make warre till he had Berrie and the countrie of Ueuxin or Ueulgesine wholie in his possession Wherefore king Henrie with a mightie armie on the tuesdaie after the feast of the decollation of S. Iohn entred into the realme of France and burned manie townes and villages approching the same day néere to the towne of Maunt where the French king was thought to be Now as it chanced William de Berres and Drogo de Merlo encountred with Richard earle of Poictou and William de Mandeuille earle of Albemarle so that William de Berres was taken by earle Richard but by negligence of them that should haue taken héed to him he escaped awaie vpon his page◠horsse The morrow after also earle Richard departed from his father towards Berrie and vpon the thursdaie the Welshmen burned manie villages with the castell of Danuille that belonged to Simon Daneth and tooke manie rich preies and booties Also William Mandeuille earle of Albemarle burned a place called saint Clare that was belonging vnto the demaine of the French king But see when the English were fullie bent to prosecute the warres with all extremitie now in hand there came messengers vnto king Henrie from the line 10 French king requiring him that he would grant a peace to be had betwixt them with promise that if he would condescend therevnto that he should receiue by way of restitution all that the French king had now taken from him in Berrie Herevpon they came to a communication betwixt Trie Gisors and when they could not agrée the French king caused a great elme standing betwixt those two places to be cut downe at which the kings of England and France were accustomed to méet when they treated line 20 of matters in controuersie betwixt them swearing that from thencefoorth there should neuer be anie more méetings holden at that
by courteous meanes to persuade the king to his purpose but the king droue him off with faire words and minded nothing lesse than to alter anie one of the lawes which he knew to be profitable to himselfe and his successours after him Wherevpon diuerse misliking his dealing herein withdrew themselues secretlie some into one place and some into an other to the intent they might auoid the dailie sight of such abuses as they for the most part could not well abide to beare Whilest king Henrie thus politikelie prouided line 10 for his affaires at home Sauerie de Mauleon made prouision in Guien to withstand such perils and dangers as he saw most likelie to insue by the practises of the Frenchmen But as he was most busilie occupied about the purueiance of such things as should be verie necessarie for his dooings there sprang a great dissention betwixt him and William the earle of Salisburie who was sent ouer into that countrie with commission to surueie the state thereof and by colour of the same commission tooke vpon him line 20 to order all things at his owne pleasure Whereas the foresaid Sauerie de Mauleon being a man of high parentage in those parts where he was borne iudged it to be a matter nothing standing with his honour that another man should order things at his will and commandement within the countrie whereof he himselfe had the chiefe charge as the kings lieutenant and therefore determined not to suffer it anie longer Herevpon verelie arose the contention betwixt line 30 them which the English souldiers that were there did greatlie increase fauouring the earle as the kings vncle and contemning the lieutenant as a stranger borne by meanes whereof the foresaid Sauerie doubting least if he should fight with his enimies and through such discord as was now amongst them be put to the worse the fault should be laid wholie on his necke he secretlie departed and fled to Lewes the French king who was latelie come to the crowne of France by the death of his father line 40 king Philip as you before haue heard wherein he dealt wiselie in respect of safetie For Quid poterit iusta tutius esse fuga About the same time Fouks de Brent being a man of an vnquiet mind readie to mischiefe and loâ—h to liue in peace as some saie conspired against the king of England and aduertised the king of France that if he would boldlie begin the warres against king Henrie in France he would not faile but raise warre against him here in the middest of his realme line 50 of England hauing diuerse noble men in a readinesse that would willinglie take his part But how soeuer it fell out certeine it is that this Fouks hauing fortified his castell of Bedford attempted manie enterprises greatlie to the preiudice of the kings peace aswell in robbing and spoiling the countrie about him as otherwise And now fearing to be punished therefore by order of law he shewed his malice against such as had the execution of the same lawes chieflie in their line 60 hands Herevpon he tooke prisoner Henrie Braâ—broke one of the kings iustices of his bench and led him to his castell of Bedford and there shut him vp close 〈◊〉 his lawfull prisoner Indeed the said Henrie de Braibroke with Martine de Pateshull Thomas de Multon and other of the kings iustices were come to kéepe their circuit at Dunstable Where vpon information giuen and presented before them Fouks de Brent was condemned to the king in great 〈◊〉 of monie Wherewithall this Fouks tooke such indignation and displeasure that he commanded his men of warre which laie in the castell of Bedford to ride vnto Dunstable and there to apprehend the said iustices and to bring them vnto Bedford where as he said he meant to commen further with them But they hauing knowledge of his purpose fled quicklie out of the towne séeking to escape euerie man which waie he might best deuise Howbeit the souldiers vsed such diligence that Henrie de Braibroke fell into their hands so was brought captiue to Bedford as their maister had commanded them The king aduertised hereof by the gréeuous complaints of his subiects was as then at Northampton where he had assembled his parlement and thervpon hauing gathered speedilie a power with all expedition he hasted towards Bedford At his comming thither he besieged the castell on ech side and at length after two moneths though not without much adoo he wan it and hanged them all which were taken within being in number 80 or aboue and amongst other William de Brent the brother of the said Fouks was one There were but thrée that escaped with life who were pardoned vpon condition they should passe into the holie land there to serue among the Templers The siege began on the Ascension eeuen and continued till the 15 daie of August being the feast daie of the assumption of our ladie Fouks himselfe whilest the siege continued laie aloofe in â—â—eshire and on the borders of Wales as one watching to doo some mischiefe but after the castell was woone he got him to Couentrie and there was yer long apprehended and brought to the king of whom he obteined pardon of life but yet by the whole consent of the nobles and péeres of the realme he was exiled the land for euermore and then went to Rome where he knew to purchase his pardon easilie inough for mony of what crime soeuer he should be iudged culpable His wife bicause she neuer consented to his dooings nor yet willinglie to the marriage had betwixt hir and him was acquited of all blame and so likewise was his sonne Thomas Howbeit at length the foresaid Fouks hauing obteined his purpose at Rome by meanes of his chapleine Robert Paslew an Englishman who was his sollicitor there as he returned towards England in the yeare insuing was poisoned and died by the waie making so an end of his inconstant life which from the time that he came to yeares of discretion was neuer bent to quietnes Which may be reported of him not to his honour or renowme for alas what same is gotten by giuing occasions of euill but to his euerlasting shame and infamie for the same shall neuer die but remaine in perpetuall memorie as one saith right well Hâ—minum immortalis est infamia Etiam tunc viuit cùm essecredas mâ—rtuam But now to leaue these things and returne to the dooings in France where we left Ye shall vnderstand that after Sauerie de Mauleon was reuolted to the French king the said king with all spéed determined to make warre vpon king Henrie and to win from 〈◊〉 certeine townes and fortresses within the countrie of Poictou The French writers affirme that king Lewes to couered out of the Englishmens hands the townes of Niort S. Iohns d'Angeli Rochell before Sauerie de Mauleon reuolted from the French part In deed the chronicle of Dunstable saith that
French king whom they chose as arbitrator betwixt them Herevpon on the thirtéenth of September both the king and quéene with their sonnes and diuerse other of the nobles of this land tooke shipping and sailed ouer to Bullongne where the French king as then was at a parlement with a great number of the nobles and péeres of France The earle of Leicester also with diuerse of his complices went thither and there the matter was opened argued and debated before the French king who in the end vpon due examination and orderlie hearing of the whole processe of all their controuersies gaue expresse sentence that all and euerie of the said statutes and ordinances deuised at Oxford should be from thencefoorth vtterlie void and all bonds and promises made by king Henrie or anie other for performance of them should likewise be adnihilated fordoone and clearelie cancelled The barons highlie displeased herewith refused to stand to the French kings award herein bicause he had iudged altogither on the kings side Wherevpon after they were returned into the realme either partie prepared for warre but yet about the feast of S. Edward the king and the barons eftsoones met at London holding a new parlement at Westminster but no good could be doone Then when the king of Almaine and prince Edward with others of the kings councell saw that by rapine oppression and extortion practised by the barons against the kings subiects as well spirituall as temporall the state of the realme and the kings honour was much decaied and brought in manner vnto vtter ruine they procured the king to withdraw secretlie from Westminster vnto Windsore castell of which his sonne prince line 10 Edward had gotten the possession by a traine From Windsore he went to Reading and from thence to Wallingford and so to Oxford hauing a great power with him At his being at Oxford there came vnto him the lord Henrie son to the king of Almaine Iohn earle Warren Roger Clifford Roger Leiborne Haimond le Strange and Iohn de Uaux which had reeuolted from the barons to the kings side Iohn Gifford also did the like but he shortlie after returned to line 20 the barons part againe The kings sonne the lord Edward had procured them thus to reuolt promising to euerie of them in reward by his charter of grant fiftie pounds lands to aid the king his father and him against the barons After this the king went to Winchester and from thence came backe vnto Reading and then he marched foorth with his armie vnto Douer where he could not be suffered to come into the castell being kept line 30 out by the lord Richard Gray that was capteine there Herevpon he returned to London where the barons againe were entred through fauour of the commoners against the will of the chéefe citizens and here they fell eftsoones to treat of agréement but their talke profited nothing And so in the Christmasse wéeke the king year 1264 with his sonne prince Edward and diuerse other of the councell sailed ouer againe into France and went to Amiens where they found the French king and a great number of his Nobles Also for the barons Peter de Montford and other were line 40 sent thither as commissioners and as some write at that present to wit on the 24 daie of Ianuarie the French king sitting in iudgement pronounced his definitiue sentence on the bahalfe of king Henrie against the barons but whether he gaue that sentence now or the yeare before the barons iudged him verie parciall and therefore meant not to stand vnto his arbitrement therein The king hauing ended his businesse with the French king returned into England and came to line 50 London the morrow after S. Ualentines day And about seuen or eight daies after the lord Edward his eldest sonne returned also and hearing that the barons were gone to the marshes of Wales where ioining with the Welshmen they had begun to make warre against the kings freends and namelie against his lieutenant Roger lord Mortimer whome they had besieged in the castell of Wigmore the lord Edward therevpon with such power as he could get line 60 togither marched thitherwards to raise their siege but the lord Mortimer perceiuing himselfe in danger fled priuilie out of the castell and got to Hereford whither the prince was come The barons inforced their strength in such wise that they wan the castell Prince Edward on the other side tooke the castels of Haie and Huntington that belonged vnto the earle of Hereford yoong Henrie de Boun. The castell of Brecknoc was also deliuered into his hands which he béetooke to the kéeping of the lord Roger de Mortimer with all the territorie thereto belonging Robert earle of Darbie that tooke part with the barons besieged the citie of Worcester and tooke it by the old castell sacked the citizens goods and constreined the Iewes to be baptised The citie of Glocester also was taken by the barons but prince Edward following them and reparing the bridge ouer Seuerne which the barons had broken downe after they were come ouer he entred the castell of Glocester with his people The next day by procurement of Walter bishop of Worcester a truce was taken betwixt prince Edward and the barons that had taken the towne during the which truce the barons left the towne and the burgesses submitted themselues vnto prince Edward and so he hauing the castell and towne in his hands imprisoned manie of the burgesses fined the towne at the summe of a thousand pounds Then he drew towards his father lieng at Oxford or at Woodstoke gathering people togither on ech hand In the meane time the lords drew towards London and the new assurance by writing indented was made betweene the communaltie of the citie and the barons without consent of any of the rulers of the citie The commoners herewith appointed of themselues two capteins which they named constables of the citie that is to saie Thomas Piwelsoon Stephan Bukerell by whose commandement and â—olling of the great bell of Paules all the citie was warned to be readie in harnesse to attend vpon the said two capteins About the beginning of Lent the constable of the towre sir Hugh Spenser with the said two capteins and a great multitude of the citizens and others went to Thistleworâ—â— and there spoiled the manour place of the king of Almaine and then set it on fire and destroied the water milles and other commodities which he there had This déed was the cause as some haue iudged of the warre that after insued For where before this time the said king of Almaine had beéne by reason of the alliance betwixt him and the earle of Glocester continuallie an intreater for peace he was now euer after this time an vtter enimie vnto the barons and vnto their side so farre as laie in his power The king hearing of this riotâ—â—us act and being informed
others in the countries through which he had passed There were some of the Scots that forraied the countrie fiue miles on this side Preston southwards and thus being fourescore long miles within England they returned homewards and entred againe into Scotland without incounter after they had béene at this time within England the space of three wéeks and thrée daies King Edward being thus beset with two mischiefes both at one time thought good first to prouide remedie against the neerer danger which by the Scots was still at hand and therefore he meant to go against them himselfe and to send his brother Edmund earle of Kent into Guien to defend that countrie from the Frenchmen Herevpon now in the sixteenth yeare of his reigne after that the Scots were returned home with a great bootie and rich spoile he got togither a wonderfull great armie of men and entring into Scotland passed far within the countrie not finding any resistance at all as the most part of our writers doo agree but at length through famine and diseases of the flix and other maladies that fell amongst the Englishmen in the armie he was constreined to come backe and in his waie besieged the castell of Norham which fortresse he wan within ten daies after he had begun to assault it Robert Bruce immediatlie after the English armie was retired home raised a power and entring into England by Sulwaie sands laie at a place called Beaumond not past thrée miles froÌ„ Carleill by the space of fiue daies sending in the meane time the most part of his armie abroad to spoile and harrie the countrie on euerie side and afterwards remouing from thence he passed towards Blackamore hauing knowledge by diligent espials that king Edward was in those parts giuing himselfe more to pastime in hunting there within the woods about Blackamore than to the good ordering of his people which he had then about him Wherevpon the Scotish king Bruce entring into that wild and moorish countrie where he had not beene afore conueied his enterprise so warilie and with such diligent industrie that on saint Lukes daie comming vpon the English armie at vnwares he put the same to flight so that the king himselfe was in great danger to haue béene taken prisoner For as some authors write the Scots had almost taken him at dinner in the abbeie of Beighland Sir Iohn Brittaine earle of Richmond was taken at this battell and the kings treasure was spoiled and carried awaie with the prouision and ordinance that belonged to the host The king escaping awaie got to Yorke and the Scots hauing thus the vpper hand after they had spoiled the monasterie of Rinale and taken their pleasure there they passed foorth into Yorkeswold destroieng line 10 that countrie euen almost vnto Beuerlie which towne they ransomed receiuing a summe of monie for sparing it least they should haue burnt it as they did other The earle of Carleill being commanded by the king to raise the powers of Cumberland Westmerland and Lancashire did so and according to that he had in commandement bringing them belowe the countries vnto Yorke found the K. there in no plight to giue battell to his enimies all things being brought about him into great confusion line 20 wherevpon he licenced his people to depart to their homes againe and the Scots so returned without battell home into their countries entring into Scotland the morrow after All ballowes daie after they had remained in England at this time one whole moneth and foure daies Some write that in their returne they spoiled Northalerton and diuerse other townes and places as they passed In the same yeare there was a great conspiracie line 30 practised by certein persons that had taken part with the barons in the late warres purposing to set at libertie in one selfe night all those noble men and others that were by the king kept in prison for that quarrell Certeine therefore of those conspirators came to the castell of Walingford within the which the lord Maurice Berkelie and the lord Hugh Audlie remained as prisoners The conspirators found shift to enter the castell by a posterne gate towards the Thames side howbeit not so secretlie but that the line 40 townesmen hauing knowledge thereof assembled togither and besieged them that were so entred the castell till the earles of Kent and Winchester came with a great power to reenforce the siege so that in the end they that had made this attempt fled into the chappell of the castell in hope to be saued through sanctuarie of the place but they were against the willes of the deane and preests of the colledge there that sought to defend them taken foorth by force so that sir Iohn de Goldington knight sir Edmund of line 50 the Bech chapleine and an esquire called Roger Walton were sent to Pomfret and there put in prison the esquire was after sent to Yorke and there drawne and hanged This enterprise caused all other prisoners to be more streightlie looked vnto In this yeare was begun a wicked practise of treason vpon this occasion Where K. Edward hauing assaied fortune so froward towards him in chance of warre against the Scots at sundrie times was therby taught to doubt the triall thereof any further and line 60 rather to seeke for peace he appointed Andrew Herklie earle of Carleill to séeke some means whereby a peace might be concluded betwixt him and king Robert The earle by the kings commandement going into Scotland and comming vnto king Robert whome he found at Loghmaban intreated with him of warre and not of peace for whether it were so that he despaired of the state of king Edwards businesse which prospered neither at home nor abroad â—heefelie by reason of his owne wilfull negligence as some write or whether of his owne nature this earle delighted in nothing so much as in deceipt craft and treason he concluded vpon points with the Scotish king how when and where king Edward should be betraied and to the end that couenanted faith on either side might be the more suerlie kept and obserued the sister of K. Robert was affianced vnto the said earle of Carleill a verie beautifull ladie and a comelie as was anie where to be séene or found This practise being thus contriued shortlie after the king got knowledge thereof though by whome it was not certeinlie knowne so hard a thing it is for man to conceale and keepe secret that thing which he goeth about though he studie neuer so much so to doo namelie in matters of treason which hath a thousand feet to créepe abroad and which way soeuer it goeth it leaueth a thousand prints of the footsteps behind it by the which it may be discouered to the world When therefore the earle came backe againe to Carleill he was arrested by commandement from the king and straightwaies being arreigned of the treason he was thereof condemned and put to execution
the towne and hauing lost the suburbes to the Englishmen he fled out in the night and so left the towne without anie souldiers to defend it so that the townesmen yeelded it vnto the earle of Derbie and sware themselues to be true liege men vnto the king of England After this the earle of Derbie passed further into the countrie and wan diuerse castels and towns as Lango le Lake Moundurant Monguise Punach Laliew Forsath Pondair Beaumont in Laillois Bounall Auberoch and Liborne part of them by assault and the residue by surrender This doone he returned to Burdeaux hauing left capteins and souldiers in such places as he had woone This yeare the king sent foorth a commission vnto certeine persons in euerie countie within the realme to inquire what lands and tenements euerie man aboue fiue pounds of yeerelie reuenues being of the laie fée might dispend bicause he had giuen order that euerie man which might dispend fiue pounds and aboue vnto ten pounds of such yeerelie reuenues in land of the laie fee should furnish himselfe or find an archer on horssebacke furnished with armour and weapon accordinglie He that might dispend ten pounds should furnish himselfe or find a demilance or light horsseman if I shall so terme him being then called a hobler with a lance And he that might dispend fiue and twentie pounds should furnish himselfe or find a man at armes And he that might dispend fiftie pounds should furnish two men at arms And he that might dispend an hundred pounds should find thrée men at armes that is himselfe or one in his stéed with two other And such as might dispend aboue an hundred pounds were appointed to find more in number of men at armes accordinglie as they should be assessed after the rate of their lands which they might yearelie dispend being of the laie fée and not belonging to the church About this season the duke of Britaine hauing with him the earles of Northampton and Oxenford sir William de Killesbie one of the kings secretaries and manie other barons and knights with a great number of men of armes passed ouer into Britaine against the lord Charles de Blois where they tarried a long time and did little good to make anie accompt of by reason that the duke in whose quarrell they came into those parts shortlie after his arriuall there departed this life and so they returned home into England But after their comming from thence sir Thomas Dagworth knight that had béene before and now after the departure of those lords and nobles still remained the kings lieutenant there so behaued himselfe against both Frenchmen and Britains that the memorie of his worthie dooings deserueth perpetuall commendation Sir Iohn de Heinault lord Beaumont about the same time changed his cote and leauing the king of Englands seruice was reteined by the French king In this ninetéenth yeare of king Edward I find that about the feast of the Natiuitie of saint Iohn Baptist he sailed ouer into Flanders leauing his sonne the lord Lionell warden of the realme in his absence He tooke with him a great number of lords knights and gentlemen with whome he landed at Sluse The cause of his going ouer was to further a practise which he had in hand with them of Flanders the which by the labour of Iaques Arteueld meant to cause their earle Lewes either to doo homage vnto king Edward or else if he refused then to disherit him and to receiue Edward prince of Wales for their lord the eldest sonne of king Edward King Edward promising to make a dukedome of the countie of Flanders for an augmentation of honour to the countrie there came vnto Sluse to the king Iaques van Arteueld and a great number of other appointed as councellors for their chéefest townes The king with all his nauie lay in the hauen of Sluse where in his great ship called the Catharine a councell was holden vpon this foresaid purpose but at length those of the councellors of the cheefest townes misliked the matter so much that they would conclude nothing but required respit for a moneth to consult with all the cōmunaltie of the countries and townes and as the more part should be inclined so should the king receiue answer The king line 10 and Iaques Arteueld would faine haue had a shorter daie and a more towardlie answer but none other could be gotten Herevpon the councell brake vp and Iaques Arteueld tarieng with the king a certeine space after the other were departed promised him to persuade the countrie well inough to his purpose and suerlie he had a great gift of eloquence and had thereby induced the countrie wonderfullie to consent to manie things as well in fauour of king Edward as to his line 20 owne aduancement but this suit which he went now about to bring to passe was so odious vnto all the Flemings that in no wise they thought it reason to consent vnto the disheriting of the earle At length when Iaques Arteueld should returne vnto Gant king Edward appointed fiue hundred Welshmen to attend him as a gard for the preseruation of his person bicause he said that one Gerard Denise deane of the weauers an vnquiet man maliciouslie purposed his destruction line 30 Capteins of these Welshmen were Iohn Matreuers and William Sturine or Sturrie and so with this crue of souldiers Arteueld returned vnto Gant and earnestlie went in hand with his suit in king Edwards behalfe that either the earle should doo his homage to the king of England to whome it was due or else to forfeit his earledome Then the foresaid Gerard as well of his owne mind as procured thereto by the authoritie of earle Lewes stirred the whole citie against the said Arteueld and gathering line 40 a great power vnto him came and beset Arteuelds house round about vpon each side the furie of the people being wonderfullie bent against him crieng Kill him Kill him that hath robbed the tresurie of the countrie and now goeth about to disherit our noble earle Iaques van Arteueld perceiuing in what danger he was came vnto a window and spake to that inraged multitude in hope with faire and courteous words to appease them but it could not be whervpon line 50 he sought to haue fled out of his house but the same was broken vp and so manie entred vpon him that he was found out and slaine by one Thomas Denise as some write But other affirme that on a sundaie in the after noone being the 17 of Iulie a cobler whose father this Iaques van Arteueld had sometime slaine followed him as he was fléeing into a stable where his horsses stood there with an ax cloue his head asunder so that he fell downe starke dead on the ground And this was the end of the foresaid line 60 Iaques van Arteueld who by his wisedome and policie had obteined the whole gouernment of all Flanders This wofull
feare anie such thing and this accordinglie was doone they hauing the keies of the gates and of all the strong chambers turrets and places within the Tower sent vnto them On the fridaie the duke of Glocester the earls of Derbie and Notingham came to the king where he was set in a pauillion richlie arraied and after their humble salutations done and some talke had betwixt them they went at the kings request with him into his chamber where they recited vnto him the conspiracie of their aduersaries through which they had béen indicted They also shewed forth the letters which he had sent to the duke of Ireland to leauie an armie vnto their destruction Likewise the letters which the French king had written to him conteining a safe conduct for him to come into France there to confirme things to the diminishing of his honor to the decaie of his power losse of his fame ¶ During the time of this communication also the earle of Derbie desired the king to behold the people that were assembled in sight before the Tower for the preseruation of him and his realme which he did and maruelling to sée such a goodlie armie and strength as he declared to them no lesse the duke of Glocester said vnto him Sir this is not the tenth part of your willing subiects that haue risen to destroie those false traitors that haue misled you with their wicked and naughtie counsell The king being brought to his wits end aswell with those things which the lords had charged him with as otherwise with the sight of that great multitude of people seemed greatlie amazed Wherevpon the lords vnder condition that the next daie he should come to Westminster to heare more of their minds and to conclude further for the behoofe of the common-wealth of the realme began to take leaue of him meaning so to depart but the king desired them to tarrie all night with him and the quéene The duke thinking to make all sure made excuse that he durst not be absent from all those folks which they had brought with them for feare that some disorder line 10 might arise either in the armie or in the citie yet at the kings instance the earles of Notingham and Derbie taried there all night The king before his going to bed was quite turned concerning his determination and promise made to go the next daie to Westminster through such whispering tales as was put into his eares by some that were about him telling him that it stood neither with his safetie nor honour so lightlie to agree to depart from the tower vnto such place as the lords had thus appointed him line 20 to serue more for their purpose than for suertie of his person When the lords therefore vnderstood that he would not keepe promise with them they were greatlie offended insomuch as they sent him flat word that if he would not come according to promise they would suerlie choose another king that would and ought to obeie the faithfull counsell of his lords The king with this message being touched to the quicke to satisfie their minds and to auoid further perill remooued the line 30 next morning vnto Westminster where the lords comming before his presence after a little other talke they declared vnto him that aswell in respect of his owne honour as the commoditie wealth of his kingdome it was behouefull that such traitors and most wicked slanderous persons as were nothing profitable but hurtfull to him and his louing subiects should be remooued out of his court and that other that both could and would serue him more honorablie and faithfullie were placed in their roomes line 40 The king although sore against his mind when he saw how the lords were bent and that he wanted power to withstand their pleasures condescended to doo what they would haue him So when he had granted thereto they iudged that Alexander Neuill archbishop of Yorke Iohn Fourdham bishop of Durham lord tresuror Thomas Rushoke a frier of the order of the preachers bishop of Chichester and confessor to the king were worthie to be auoided the court But the archbishop of Yorke line 50 and the bishop of Chichester would abide no reckonings but got them out of the waie and fled it was not knowne whither The lords did expell out of the court the lord Zouâ—h of Haringworth the lord Burnell the lord Beaumont Albrey de Uéer Baldwin de Bereford Richard Aderburie Iohn Worth Thomas Clifford and Iohn Louell knights These were dismissed out of the court and remooued from the king but not discharged for they were constreined to put in suerties to appeare at the next parlement line 60 There were also certeine ladies expelled the court as those that were thought to doo much harme about the K. to wit the ladie Poinings wife to Iohn Worth of Mowen and the ladie Moulinge with others which also found suerties to answer at the next parlement to all such things as might be obiected against them Moreouer there were arrested and committed to seuerall prisons sir Simon Burlie William Elmham Iohn Beauchampe of Holt steward of the kings house sir Iohn Salisburie sir Thomas Triuet sir Iames Barneis sir Nicholas Dagworth and sir Nicholas Brambre knights Also Richard Clifford Iohn Lincolne Richard Mitford the kings chapleins and Nicholas Sclake deane of the kings chappell whose word might doo much in the court There was also apprehended Iohn Blake an apprentise of the law all which persons were kept in streict ward till the next parlement in which they were appointed to stand vnto their triall and answers Shortlie after to wit the morrow after the Purification of our ladie the parlement began the which was named the parlement that wrought woonders The king would gladlie haue proroged the time of this parlement if by anie meanes he might The lords came to the same parlement with a sufficient armie for their owne safeties On the first day of this parlement were arrested as they sat in their places all the iustices except sir William Skipworth as sir Roger Fulthrop sir Robert Belknap sir Iohn Carie sir Iohn Holt sir William Brooke and Iohn Alocton the kings sergeant at law all which were sent to the tower and there kept in seuerall places The cause whie they were thus apprehended was for that where in the last parlement diuerse lords were made gouernours of the realme both by the assent of the same parlement and also by the aduise and counsell of all the iustices then being and indentures tripartite thereof made of the which one part remained with the king an other with the lords so chosen to gouerne the realme and the third part with the iustices and yet notwithstanding the said iustices at a councell holden at Notingham as yee haue heard before did go contrarie to that agreement Wherevpon it was now determined that they should make answer to their dooings Moreouer
wherby after their death the memorie of the founders might haue continuance he added manie sumptuous parts of the palace of Durham In the towne whereof he did also from the ground of most statelie stone erect a new gaole with the gate-house to the same in that place where of old it remained and then by iniurie of time fallen downe and consumed This man inioied the sée of Durham almost the whole time of thrée kings that is about six yeares and six moneths in the time of Henrie the fourth nine yeares and fiue moneths in the time of Henrie the fift and fifteene yeares in the time of Henrie the sixt during the gouernment of all which princes he was all his life time highlie estéemed and reuerenced for his singular wisedome and for the great authoritie he bare in publike betwéene whome and the maior of Newcastell arose great contention about a bridge called Tinebridge in the towne of Gateshed or Goteshed in Latine called Caput caprae But in the yeare of our redemption 1416 and of Henrie the fift the fourth and of his bishoprike the eleuenth this bishop had the recouerie thereof as appeareth by the letter of atturnie of the said bishop made to diuerse to take possession of the same The letter of atturnie wherby the bishop authorised diuerse to take possession of Tinebridge THomas Dei gratia episcopus Dunelmensis omnibus ad quos praesentes litterae peruenerint salutem Sciatis quòd assignauimus deputauimus dilectos fideles nostros Radulphum de Ewrie cheualier senescallum nostruÌ„ Dunelmiae Williamum Chanceler cancellarium infra comitatum libertatem Dunelmiae ac Williamum Claxton vicecomitem nostrum Dunelmiae coniunctim diuisim ad plenam pacificam seisinam de duabus partibus medieâ—atis cuiusdam pontis vocati Tinebridge in villa nostra de Gatesheued infra comitatum libertatem Dunelmiae existentis Quae quidem duae partes medietatis praedictae continent faciunt tertiam partem eiusdem pontis vsque austrum in praedicta villa de Gatesheued Super quas duas partes nuper maior communitas villae Noui castri super Tinam quandam turrim de nouo aedificare caeperuÌ„t quas quidem duas partes cum franchesijs iurisdictionibus iuribus regalibus super easdem duas partes medietatis praedictae nuper in curia domini regis versus maiorem communitatem dictae villae Noui castrire cuperauimus nobis successoribus nostris episcopis Dunelmiae in iure ecclesiae nostrae sancti Cuthberti Dunelmiae possidendas de vicecomite Westmerlandiae praetextu eiusdeÌ„ breuis dicti domini regis sibi directi nomine nostro recipiendas turrim praedictaÌ„ ad opus nostrum saluò securè custodieÌ„dam Ratum gratum habiturus quicquid ideÌ„ Radulphus Williamus Willielmus nomine nostro fecerint in praemissis In cuius rei testimonium has litteras nostras fierifecimus patentes Datum Dunelmiae line 10 per manus Williami Cancellarij nostri 26 Octobris anno pontificatus nostri vndecimo According wherevnto in the said yeare possession was deliuered in the presence of these persons whose names I thinke not vnmeet for their posterities cause to be remembred being persons of good credit and of antiquitie that is to saie Iohn Lomelie Rafe Ewraie Robert Hilton William Fulthrop William Tempest Thomas Suerties Robert Cogniers line 20 William Claxton shiriffe of Durham Robert de Egle Iohn Bertram Iohn Widerington and Iohn Middleton knights of Northumberland Christopher Morslie Will. Osmunderlaw knights of Westmerland and also in the presence of these esquiers Robert Hilton Robert Ewrie William Bowes Iohn Coniers William Lampton the elder Iohn de Morden William Lampton the yoonger Hugh Burunghell Iohn Britlie William Bellingham line 30 Robert Belthis Henrie Talboies Thomas Garbois Iohn de Hutton William Hutton Thomas Cooke of Fisburne and fiue others This bishop also procured certeine liberties from the pope in the church of Durham by vertue of which grant they which were excommunicate and might not inioy the priuilege of any sacraments in other places throughout the bishoprike should yet baptise their children in a font of that church in an especiall place appointed therefore and also receiue the other sacraments line 40 there to be administred vnto them He died the eight and twentith of Nouember in the yeare of our redemption 1437 and was buried in the church of Durham in the chanterie which he had before erected Before whose death at his manour of Holdon he builded all the west gates there of goodlie stone and lime with the chambers thereto belonging on which he placed his armes The duke of Orleance hauing leuied a mightie armie year 1407 had besieged the townes of Burge and Blaie in line 50 Gascoigne meaning with force to win the same but so it fortuned that for the space of eight wéekes togither there passed not one daie without tempest of raine snow and haile mixed with winds and lightnings which killed aswell men as cattell by reason whereof he lost as was reported six thousand men so that he was constreined to breake vp his camps from before both those townes and to get him awaie with dishonor for all his brags and boasts made at his first comming thither The sametime Henrie line 60 Paie and certeine other persons of the fiue ports with fiftéene ships tooke an hundred and twentie poises which laie at anchor in and about the coast of Britaine laden with iron salt oile Roâ—hell wines In this season also billes were set vp in diuerse places of London and on the doore of Paules church in which was conteined that king Richard being aline and in health would come shortlie with great magnificence power to recouer againe his kingdome but the contriuer of this deuise was quicklie found out apprehended and punished according to his demerits ¶ The citie of London this yeare in the summer was so infected with pestilent mortalitie that the king durst not repaire thither nor come neere to it Whervpon he being at the castell of Leeds in Kent and departing from thence tooke ship at Quinburgh in the I le of Shepie to saile ouer vnto Lée in Essex and so to go to Pâ—aschie there to passe the time till the mortalitie was ceassed As he was vpon the sea certeine French pirats which laie lurking at the Thames mouth to watch for some preie got knowledge by some meanes as was supposed of the kings passage and therevpon as he was in the middest of his course they entred among his fléet and tooke foure vessels next to the kings ship and in one of the same vessels sir Thomas Rampston the kings vicechamberlaine with all his chamber stuffe and apparell They followed the king so néere that if his ship had not béene swift he had landed sooner in France than in Essex but such was his good hap that he escaped and arriued at his appointed port The lord Camois that
met But such was the fortune of France that the duke of Burgognie was there murthered as he knéeled before the Dolphin wherevpon insued greater debate than before For Philip earle of Charolois the sonne and heire of the said duke tooke the matter verie greeuouslie as he had no lesse cause and determined to be reuenged on the Dolphin and other that were guiltie of the murther so that now there was great expectation of slaughter and bloudshed but no hope for the most part of tranquillitie peace France therefore what with ouerthrowes giuen by the English diuision among themselues was verie sore afflicted insomuch that one miserie riding on anothers necke the whole land was in danger of desolation by ciuill dissention mutuall mutinies as the poet noteth accessit ad ista Tunc mala Celtarum Burgundio fraude peremptus Sparsaque ciuilis tota dissensio terra When he had well considered of the matter and taken aduise with his councell he first sent ambassadours to the king of England then lieng at Gisours to treat and conclude a truce betwéene them both for a certeine space that they might talke of some conclusion of agréement King Henrie receiued the ambassadors verie courteouslie and granted that communication might be had of peace but vtterlie denied anie abstinence from warre bicause he would not lose time if the treatie sorted not to good effect Herevpon hauing his armie assembled at Maunt he diuided the same into thrée parts appointing the duke of Glocester with one part to go vnto the castell of S. Germane in Laie and to laie siege therevnto The duke according to his commission comming before that castell within a while constreined them within by continuall skirmishes and assaults to deliuer vp the place into his hands An other part of the armie was sent vnto the castell of Montioie which likewise by such fierce assaults and manfull approches as the Englishmen made thereto was shortlie giuen ouer and yéelded The third part of the hoast went to Meulanc a verie strong towne compassed about with the riuer of Seine But the king deuised to fasten botes and barges togither and to rere vp certeine frames of timber aloft on the same for defense of his soldiers that should by that meanes approch the walles wherewith those that had the towne in kéeping were so put in feare that their capteine was glad to come to a communication agréed to deliuer the towne into the kings hands if no rescue came before the thirtith daie of October next insuing On which daie for that no succours appeared the towne according to the couenants was giuen vp into the kings hands Sir Thomas Ramston was made capteine there and after him sir Iohn Fastolfe The king whilest these places were besieged and thus brought vnder his subiection continued for the most part at Maunt but yet oftentimes he went foorth to visit his campes and to sée that nothing should be wanting that might further the spéedie dispatch of his enterprises About the same time there came againe ambassadours to him from Charles the French king from the yoong duke of Burgognie to treat with him of some good conclusion of peace to be had who had no such trust in their sute but that he doubted their meaning and therefore ceassed not to procéed in the winning of townes and castels as he was in hand Now when Christmasse approched the king withdrew to Rone and there kept the solemnization of that feast appointing in the meane time his men of warre to be occupied as occasion serued year 1420 The earle of Salisburie was sent to besiege the towne of Fresneie the which after stout resistance made at the first shortlie after was deliuered to him to the kings vse The earles Marshall and Huntington sir Iohn Gréene Cornewall sir Philip Léech and diuerse other were sent into the countrie of Maine where not farre from the citie of Mens they were incountered by a power of Frenchmen which the Dolphin had sent against them There was at the first a sharpe bickering betwixt them but in the end the victorie remained with the Englishmen so that manie of the Frenchmen were slaine and taken and the residue chased out of the field There were slaine as Thomas Walsingham saith at the point of fiue thousand and two hundred taken prisoners among whome was the marshall line 10 de Rous and diuerse other of good account The two English earles remained there as victors in the countrie which was by the king to them assigned Whilest these victorious exploits were thus happilie atchiued by the Englishmen and that the king laie still at Rone in giuing thanks to almightie God for the same there came to him eftsoones ambassadours from the French king and the duke of Burgognie to mooue him to peace The king minding line 20 not to be reputed for a destroier of the countrie which he coueted to preserue or for a causer of christian bloud still to be spilt in his quarell began so to incline and giue eare vnto their sute and humble request that at length after often sending to and fro and that the bishop of Arras and other men of honor had béene with him and likewise the earle of Warwike and the bishop of Rochester had béene with the duke of Burgognie they both finallie agreed vpon certeine articles so that the French king and his line 30 commons would thereto assent Now was the French king and the quéene with their daughter Katharine at Trois in Champaigne gouerned and ordered by them which so much fauoured the duke of Burgognie that they would not for anie earthlie good once hinder or pull backe one iot of such articles as the same duke should séeke to preferre And therefore what néedeth manie words a truce tripartite was accorded betwéene the two kings and the duke and their countries and order taken line 40 that the king of England should send in the companie of the duke of Burgognie his ambassadours vnto Trois in Champaigne sufficientlie authorised to treat and conclude of so great matter The king of England being in good hope that all his affaires should take good successe as he could wish or desire sent to the duke of Burgognie his vncle the duke of Excester the earle of Salisburie the bishop of Elie the lord Fanhope the lord Fitz Hugh sir Iohn Robsert and sir Philip Hall with diuerse doctors to the line 50 number of fiue hundred horsse which in the companie of the duke of Burgognie came to the citie of Trois the eleuenth of March. The king the quéene and the ladie Katharine them receiued and hartilie welcomed shewing great signes and tokens of loue and amitie After a few daies they fell to councell in which at length it was concluded that king Henrie of England should come to Trois and marie the ladie Katharine and the king hir father after his death should line 60 make him
to apprehend him if by anie means he might The lord Audelie according to his commission assembled aboue ten thousand men of Chesshire and Salopshire and knowing by his espials which waie the earle kept approached néere to line 50 him vpon a faire plaine called Bloreheath within a mile of a towne called Draiton in Shropshire The earle perceiuing in what ieopardie he stood determined to abide the aduenture with fame and honour rather than to flie with shame and reproach and so incamped himselfe all the night on the side of a little brooke not verie brode but somewhat deepe In the morning earlie being the daie of saint Tecle he caused his souldiers to shoot their flights towards line 60 the lord Audelies companie which laie on the other side of the said water and then he and all his people made a signe of retreit The lord Audelie supposing his aduersaries had fled in déed caused his trumpets quicklie to blow vp and setting foorth his voward speedilie passed the water The earle of Salisburie which knew the sleights of warlike policie suddenlie returned and set vpon the lord Audelie and his cheefe capteins yer the residue of his armie could passe the water The fight was sore and dreadfull The earle desiring the sauing of his life and his aduersaries coueting his destruction fought sore for the obteining of their purpose but in conclusion the earles armie as men not looking for other succours nor meane to escape but by their owne manhood so egerlie assaulted their foes that they slue the lord Audelie and all his capteins and discomfited all the remnant of his people In this battell were slaine foure and twentie hundred persons but the greatest losse fell vpon the Chesshire men bicause one halfe of the shire was on the one part and the other halfe on the other of which number were sir Thomas Dutton sir Iohn Doune and sir Hugh Uenables sir Richard Molineur sir William Trowtbecke sir Iohn Legh of the Both and sir Iohn Egerton knights Iohn Done and Iohn Dutton esquiers But the earles two sonnes the one called sir Iohn Neuill and the other sir Thomas Neuill were sore wounded the which soberlie iornieng into the north countrie were apprehended by the quéenes fréends and togither with sir Thomas Harington that was likewise taken were conueied to Chester but their kéepers deliuered them shortlie after or else had the Marchmen destroied the goales Such fauour bare the commons of Wales to the duke of Yorks band that they could not suffer anie wrong to be offered or euill word to be spoken against him or his freends After this battell at Bloreheath the said duke of Yorke perceiuing the destruction of him and his fréends was intended and that his deuises were alreadie disclosed to the king and the queene he thought now no longer to linger his businesse but with all diligence to set forward the same And therfore sending for his cheefe freend the earle of Salisburie after long conference of their weightie affaires they determined to raise an armie and by fine force either to win their purpose or end their liues in the same Héerevpon were men foorthwith assembled freends sent for and a puissant armie gathered both of Northerne and Welshmen who in good order came into the marches of Wales adioining to Shropshire determining there to abide their enimies or to méet them if occasion serued There came to him from Calis the earle of Warwike bringing with him from that towne a great number of expert men in martiall feates whereof two were capteins knowne for men of great experience and approoued policie as they had well declared the same in the warres of Normandie and Guien the one called Andrew Trollop and the other Iohn Blunt The king hauing aduertisement of the dukes dooings sent foorth commissioners to leuie a power in all parts of the realme where he thought to haue any faithfull fréends of fauourers by reason whereof a great number of men of warre was assembled Manie for the loue they bare to the king resorted to his side but more for feare of the quéenes displesure whose frowning countenance was their vndooing and hir indignation their death To be bréefe the king accompanied with the dukes of Summerset and Excester and other of the line of Lancaster determined either by force or by policie to bring the duke of Yorke to confusion and therevpon marching forward they came vnto Worcester where as well to refresh his people as to take further aduise what was best to be doone he staied for a time And at length it was determined that the K. should first send vnto the aduersaries a messenger of good account as the bishop of Salisburie Richard Beauchampe to offer vnto them a cleere and free generall pardon of all trespasses offenses and transgressions whatsoeuer if they would giue ouer their enterprise and become true and obedient subiects When the bishop was come vnto them and had declared his message they first withdrew themselues apart and fell togither in councell and after they gaue answer by the mouth of the erle of Warwike which consisted in thrée points First that as concerning the pardon they durst not trust vnto it considering they had diuerse pardons before and the same confirmed by parlement and yet nothing auaileable to their assurance Secondlie that notwithstanding such pardons those that were about the king were presumptuous and vnrulie that they cared not at all to breake the kings commandements nor were any thing abashed to be noted for the breach thereof Thirdlie although by law of the land and right of the statute euerie lord by vertue of the kings writ line 10 being called to the parlement ought safelie to come safelie there to remaine and safelie to depart and returne home this notwithstanding the said earle of Warwike himselfe at a certeine councell holden at Westminster by vertue of the kings writ of priuie seale being there in person labouring to his knowledge to giue good aduise and counsell for the profit of the common-wealth was yet in danger of death if the Lord aboue had not the better prouided for his escape line 20 more than anie humane power or force of the kings pardon For the which cause quoth he sith the kings pardon maie be likened in these daies to a buckler of glasse or to a staffe of réed in which is no trust we dare not commit our selues vnto the defense of anie such pardons But if anie other waie might be deuised for their suerties where vnto they might safelie trust he said they were readie to come to his grace and to sue for his fauour The king receiuing such answer in these words line 30 or other to the like effect was nothing contented therewith and so commanded his standards eftsoones to aduance But yet before he came neere to the place where they were incamped the said lords wrote to him a letter in their owne excuse
manned it After this they woone the castell of Dunstanburgh by force and likewise the castell of Banburgh Iohn Gois seruant to the duke of Summerset being taken within Dunstanburgh was brought to Yorke and there beheaded Sir Rafe Greie being taken in Banburgh for that he had sworne to be true to king Edward was disgraded of the high order of knighthood at Doâ—caster by cutting off his gilt spurs renting his cote of armes and breaking his sword ouer his head and finallie he was there beheaded for his manifest periurie After this king Edward returned to Yorke where in despite of the earle of Northumberland who then kept himselfe in the realme of Scotland he created sir Iohn Neuill lord Montacute earle of Northumberland and in reproofe of Iasper earle of Penbrooke he created William lord Herbert earle of the same place But after when by mediation of friends the earle of Northumberland was reconciled to his fauour he restored him to his possessions name and dignitie and preferred the lord Montacute to the title of marques Montacute so that in degree line 10 he was aboue his elder brother the earle of Warwike but in power policie possessions far mener King Edward though all things might séeme now to rest in good case yet he was not negligent in making necessarie prouision against all attempts of his aduersarie king Henrie and his partakers and therefore raised bulworks and builded fortresses on ech side of his realme where anie danger was suspected for the landing of anie armie He caused also espials to be laid vpon the marches fore against Scotland that no person should go out of the realme line 20 to king Henrie and his companie which then soiourned in Scotland But all the doubts of trouble that might insue by the means of king Henries being at libertie were shortlie taken away and ended for he himselfe whether he was past all feare or that hée was not well established in his wits and perfect mind or for that he could not long kéepe himselfe secret in disguised atire boldlie entred into England He was no sooner entred but he was knowne line 30 and taken of one Cantlow and brought toward the king whom the earle of Warwike met on the way by the kings commandement and brought him through London to the Tower there he was laid in sure hold ¶ But it is woorthie the noting which I haue obserued in a late chronographers report touching this matter namelie that king Henrie was taken in Cletherwood beside Bungerleie Hippingstons in Lancashire by Thomas Talbot sonne and heire to sir Edward Talbot of Basshall and Iohn line 40 Talbot his cosin of Colebrie which deceiued him being at his dinner at Wadington hall and brought him toward London with his legs bound to the stirrups where he was met by the earle of Warwike and arested at Esildon doctor Manning deane of Windsor doctor Bedle and yoong Ellerton being in his companie with their feet bound vnder the horsse bellies were brought also to the Tower of London Quéene Margaret hearing of the captiuitie of hir husband mistrusting the chance of hir sonne all line 50 desolate and comfortlesse departed out of Scotland and passed into France where the remained with hir father duke Reiner till she returned into England to hir harme as after ye shall heare The new duke of Summerset and his brother Iohn sailed into France where they also liued in great miserie till duke Charles bicause he was of their kin as descended of the house of Lancaster by his mother succoured them with a small pension which was to them a great comfort The earle of Penbroke went from line 60 countrie to countrie not alwaies at his hearts ease nor in safetie of life As for his dignitie and reputation it was the more obscured for that he had lost the title of his honor and left at his wits end doubtfull and vncerteine in contrarie factions as manie more what to say or doo for his best securitie Neuerthelesse he concealed his inward discontentment and as oportunitie of time ministred matter so he grew in courage and fell to practises of force with other complices therby to accomplish the cloudie conceits of his troubled mind being persuaded that temporall misfortunes are if not vtterlie auoidable yet manfullie to be withstood or at least with audacitie courage to be suffered as the poet properlie saith Tu ne cede malis â—ed contra audentior ito King Edward being thus in more suertie of his life than before distributed the possessions of such as tooke part with king Henrie the sixt to his souldiers and capteins which he thought had well deserued and besides this he left no other point of liberalitie vnshewed whereby he might allure to him the beneuolent minds and louing hearts of his people And moreouer to haue the loue of all men he shewed him selfe more familiar both with the nobilitie and communaltie than as some men thought was conuenient either for his estate or for his honor notwithstanding the same liberalitie he euer after vsed The lawes of the realme in part he reformed and in part he newlie augmented The coine both of gold and siluer which yet at this day is he newlie deuised and diuided for the gold he named roials and nobles and the siluer he called grotes and halfe grotes ¶ In Michaelmasse terme were made sergeants at law Thomas Yoong Nicholas Geneie Richard Neale Thomas Brian Richard Pigot Iohn Greenfield Iohn Catesbie and Gwie Fairfax which held their feast in the bishop of Elies place in Holborne To the which feast the maior of London with the aldermen shiriffes and commons of diuerse crafts being bidden repaired But when the maior looked to be set to keepe the state in the hall as it had beene vsed in all places of the citie and liberties out of the kings presence vnknowne to the sergeants and against their wils as they said the lord Graie of Ruthen then treasuror of England was there placed Wherevpon the maior aldermen and commons departed home and the maior made all the aldermen to dine with him Howbeit he and all the citizens were greatlie displeased that he was so dealt with and the new sergeants and others were right sorie therefore and had rather than much good it had not so happened This was then as my record reporteth more at large registred to be a president in time to come After that king Edward had reduced the state of the publike affaires vnto his liking to purchase himselfe a good opinion and fauourable iudgement among the commons he made proclamations that all persons which were adherents to his aduersaries part would leaue their armour and submit themselues wholie to his grace and mercie should be cléerelie pardoned and forgiuen By this kind of courteous dealing he wan him such fauour of the people that euer after in all his warres he was thorough their aid and support a victor and
Warwike and the duke of Clarence had knowledge how king Edward by the treason or negligence of them whome they had put in trust was escaped their hands they were in a wonderfull chafe but sith the chance was past they began eftsoones to prouide for the warre which they saw was like to insue and found much comfort in that a great number of men deliting more in discord than in concord offered themselues to aid their side But other good men desirous of common quiet and lamenting the miserable state of the realme to redresse such mischiefe as appeared to be at hand by these tumults tooke paine and road betweene the king the earle and the duke to reconcile them ech to other Their charitable motion and causes alledged bicause they were of the chiefest of the nobilitie and therfore caried both credit and authoritie with them so asswaged the moods both of the king the duke and the earle that ech gaue faith to other to came and go safelie without ieopardie In which promise both the duke and earle putting perfect confidence came both to London At Westminster the king the duke and the earle had long communication togither for to haue come to an agreement but they fell at such great words vpon rehersall of old matters that in great furie without any conclusion they departed the king to Canturburie and the duke and the earle to Warwike where the earle procured a new armie to be raised in Lincolneshire and made capteine thereof sir Robert Welles sonne to Richard lord Welles a man of great experience in warre The king aduertised hereof without delaie prepared an armie year 1470 and out of hand he sent to Richard lord Welles willing him vpon the sight of his letters to repaire vnto him which to doo he had oftentimes refused excusing himselfe by sickenesse and feeblenesse of bodie But when that excuse serued not he thinking to purge himselfe sufficientlie of all offense and blame before the kings presence tooke with him sir Thomas Dimmocke who had maried his sister and so came to London And when he was come vp being admonished by his fréends that the king was greatlie with him displeased he â—ith his brotheâ— in law tooke the sanctuarie at Wesâ—minster But king Edward trusting to paâ—ifie all this busie tumult without anie further bloudshed promised both those persons their pardons causing them vpon his promise to come out of sanctuarie to his presence and calling to him the lord Welles willed him to write to his sonne to leaue off the warre and in the meane season he with his armie went forward hauing with him the lord Welles and sir Thomas Dimmocke And being not past two daies iournie from Stamford where his enimies had ptiched their field and hearing that sir Robert Welles not regarding his fathers letters kept his campe still he caused the lord Welles father to the said sir Robert and sir Thomas Dimmocke to be beheaded contrarie to line 10 his promise Sir Robert Welles hearing that the king approched and that his father and sir Thomas Dimmocke were beheaded though he was somewhat doubtfull to fight before the earle of Warwike were with his power assembled yet hauing a yoong and lustie courage manfullie set on his enimies The battell was sore fought on both sides and manie a man slaine till sir Robert perceiuing his people at point to slie was busilie in hand to exhort them to tarie and in the meane time compassed about with enimies was line 20 there taken with him sir Thomas de Land knight and manie more After the taking of their capteine the Lincolneshire men amazed threw awaie their coats the lighter to run awaie and fled amaine and therefore this battell is called there yet vnto this daie Losecote field The king reioising at this victorie caused sir Robert Welles and diuerse other to be put to execution in the same place The fame went that at this battell line 30 were slaine ten thousand men at the least The earle of Warwike laie at the same time at his castell of Warwike and meant to haue set forward the next daie toward his armie in Lincolnshire But when he heard that the same was ouerthrowne he tooke new counsell and with all diligence imagined how to compasse Thomas lord Stanleie which had maried his sister that he might be one of the conspiracie Which thing when he could not bring to passe for the lord Stanleie had answered him that he would neuer line 40 make warre against king Edward he thought no longer to spend time in wast and mistrusting he was not able to méet with his enimies he with his sonne in law the duke of Clarence departed to Excester and there tarieng a few daies deterâ—ined to saile into France to purchase aid of king Lewes Now resting vpon this point he hired ships at Dartmouth and when the same were readie trimmed and decked the duke and the earle with their wiues and a great number of seruants imbarked line 50 themselues and first tooke their course towards Calis whereof the earle was capteine thinking there to haue left his wife and daughters till he had returned out of France But when they were come before the towne of Calis they could not be suffered to enter for the lord Uauclere a Gascoigne being the earles deputie in that towne whether he did it by dissimulation or bearing good will to king Edward as by the sequele it may be doubted whether he did or no insteed of receiuing his master with triumph he bent and discharged against him diuerse peeces of ordinance line 60 sending him word he should not there take land This nauie lieng thus before Calis at anchor the duchesse of Clarence was there deliuered of a faire sonne which child the earles deputie would scarse suffer to be christened within the towne nor without great intreatie would permit two flagons of wine to be conueied aboord to the ladies lieng in the hauen The king of England aduertised of the refusall made by monsieur de Uauclere to the earle of Warwike was so much pleased therewith that incontinentlie he made him chiefe capteine of the towne of Calis by his letters patents which he sent to him out of hand and thereof discharged the earle as a traitor and rebell Thus was the one in respect of his accepted seruice honorablie aduanced and the other in regard of his disloialtie shamefullie disgraced whereof as the one tooke occasion of inward delight so the other could not be void of grudging conceipts The duke of Burgognie vnto whome king Edward had written that in no wise he should receiue the earle of Warwike nor anie of his friends within his countries was so well pleased with the dooings of monsieur de Uauclere that he sent to him his seruant Philip de Cumins and gaue him yéerelie a thousand crownes in pension praieng and requiring him to continue in truth and fidelitie toward king Edward as he
kings people which were pursued in the chase as they fled and were put to the worst manie were wounded and manie slaine outright But the residue of those that fought in other parts could not perceiue this distresse of the kings people bicause the thicke mist would not suffer them to sée anie space farre off but onelie at hand and so the kings battell that saw not anie thing what was doone beside them was nothing discouraged For a few excepted that stood next to that part there was not anie one that wist of that discomfiture and the other of the earle of Warwikes men that fought in other places somewhat distant from them were nothing the more incouraged by this prosperous successe of their fellowes for they perceiued it not And in like case as at the west end the earles battell ouer-reached the kings so at the east end the kings ouer-reached the earls and with like successe put the earls people in that place to the worse At length after sore fight and greater slaughter made on both sides king Edward hauing the greater number of men as somewrite though other affirme the contrarie began some what to preuaile but the earle on the other side remembring his ancient fame and renowme manfullie stucke to it and incouraged his people still supplieng with new succors in places where he saw expedient and so the fight renewed more cruell fierce bloudie than before insomuch that the victorie remained still doubtfull though they had fought from morning till it was now far in the daie K. Edward therefore willing to make an end of so long a conflicâ— caused new power of fresh men which he had for this purpose kept in store to set on his enimies The earle of Warwike was nothing abashed herewith but vnderstanding that this was all the residue of king Edwards power comforted his men to beare out this last brunt and in so dooing the victorie was sure on their side and the battell at an end but king Edward so manfullie and valiantlie assailed his aduersaries in the middle and strongest part of their battell that with great violence he bare downe all that stood in his waie for he was followed and assisted by a number of most hardie and faithfull men of warre that shewed notable proofe of tried manhood in that instant necessitie The earle of Warwike when his souldiers all wearied with long fight and sore weakened with woundes and hurts receiued in the battell gaue little heed to his words being a man of an inuincible stomach rushed into the middest of his enimies whereas he aduenturing so line 10 farre from his companie to kill and slea his aduersaries that he could not be rescued was amongst the preasse of his enimies striken downe and slaine The marquesse Montacute thinking to succour his brother was likewise ouerthrowne and slaine with manie other of good calling as knights and esquiers beside other gentlemen But some saie that the said marquesse hauing agreed priuilie with king Edward did weare his liuerie whome one of his brother the earle of Warwiks men espieng fell vpon line 20 him and killed him outright Some write that this battell was so driuen to the vttermost point that king Edward was constreined to fight in his owne person and that the earle of Warwike which was wont euer to ride on horsekacke from place to place and from ranke to ranke comforting his men was now aduised by the marquesse his brother to leaue his horsse and to trie the extremitie by hand strokes which may be probable likelie But by the report of some it séemeth that he was not slaine in the heat of line 30 the conflict among the rout of the fighting men but afterwards in this sort For when he saw the kings power preuaile and his owne sore impaired and past hope of good spéed with the slaughter of his adherents gentlemen of name and himselfe in the verie mouth of the enimie in possibilitie to be deuoured he lept vpon a horsse to flie and comming into a wood where was no passage one of king Edwards men came to him killed him and spoiled him to the naked skin Sir William Tirrell knight was killed on the line 40 earle of Warwikes part On both parties were slaine as Ed. Hall saith ten thousand at the least where Fabian saith but fifteene hundred and somewhat aboue Other write that there died in all about three thousand Upon the kings part were slaine the lord Crumwell the lord Saie the lord Montiois sonne and heire sir Humfrie Bourchier sonne to the lord Berners and diuerse other knights esquiers and gentlemen The battell indured the space of thrée hours verie doubtfull by reason line 50 of the mist and in skirmishing and fighting now in this place now in that but finallie the victorie fell on the kings side and yet it could not be estéemed that his whole armie passed nine thousand fighting men as some write where his aduersaries as by the same writers appeareth were farre aboue that number But bicause those that so write séeme altogither to fauor king Edward we maie beléeue as we list The duke of Summerset and the earle of Oxford fled in companie of certeine northerne men which line 60 had béene at the battell and as some write the earle of Oxford kept foorth with them and retired after into Scotland But yet as well the duke of Summerset as the said earle of Oxford in fléeing toward Scotland changed their purpose vpon the waie and turned into Wales to Iasper earle of Penbroke The duke of Excester being striken downe and â—ore wounded was left for dead in the field amongst other the dead bodies bicause he was not knowne and by reason thereof comming to himselfe got vp and in great danger escaped vnto Westminster and there tooke sanctuarie But some say that after hée had lien in the field spoiled wounded and to sée to void of life from seuen of the clocke in the morning till foure at after noone he was caried to a seruants house of his there by named Ruthland where after his wounds were searched and dressed by a surgian he was conueied into Westminster sanctuarie King Edward hauing got this victorie refreshing himselfe and his people a while at Barnet returned the same daie vnto London like a triumphant conqueror leading with him king Henrie as a captiue prisoner so making a solemne entrie at the church of saint Paule offred his standard The dead bodies of the earle and marques were brought to London in a coffin before they were buried by the space of thrée daies laie open visaged in the cathedrall church of S. Paule to the intent that all men might easilie perceiue that they vnfeinedlie were dead The common brute ran that the king was not so ioious of the erles death as sorowfull for the losse of the marques whom he full well knew and no lesse was euident to other to be his faithfull friend
realms of England and Portingale and furthermore had now got to him a great number of mariners out of all parts of the land and manie traitors and misgouerned people from each quarter of the realme beside diuerse also foorth of other countries that delighted in theft and robberies meaning to worke some exploit against the king line 60 And verelie his puissance increased dailie for hauing béene at Calis and brought from thence into Kent manie euill disposed persons he began to gather his power in that countrie meaning as was thought to attempt some great and wicked enterprise After the kings comming to Couentrie he receiued aduertisements that this bastard was come before London with manie thousands of men by land and also in ships by water purposing to rob and spoile the citie Manie Kentishmen were willing to assist him in this mischieuous enterprise and other were forced against their wils to go with him or else to aid him with their substance and monie insomuch that within a short time he had got togither sixtéene or seuentene thousand men as they accompted themselues With these he came before the citie of London the twelfe of Maie in the quarrell as he pretended of king Henrie whome he also meant to haue out of the Tower to restore him againe vnto his crowne roiall dignitie And for that intent he required to enter the citie with his people that receiuing king Henrie foorth of the Tower they might passe with him through the citie and so to march streight towards king Edward whose destruction they vowed to pursue with all their vttermost indeuors But the maior and aldermen of the citie would not in anie wise agree to satisfie their request herein vtterlie refusing to receiue him or anie of his companie into the citie King Edward from time to time by posts was informed of all these dooings by aduise of his councell the foureteenth of Maie sent to the succors of the maior and aldermen fiftéene hundred of the choisest souldiers he had about him that they might helpe to resist the enimies till he had got such an armie togither as was thought necessarie meaning with all conuenient spéed to come therewith to the rescue of the citie and preseruation of the quéene prince and his daughters that were within the Tower not in verie good safegard considering the euill dispositions of manie within the citie of London that for the fauour they had borne to the earle of Warwike and desire to be partakers of the spoile cared not if the bastard might haue atteined to his full purpose and wished intent On the sixtenth of Maie king Edward set foorth of Couentrie towards London But here ye haue to vnderstand that when the bastard could not be receiued into the citie neither by gentle persuasions nor gréeuous threatnings he made semblance to passe ouer the Thames at Kingston bridge ten miles from London and thitherwards he drew with his whole power by land leauing his ships afore saint Katharines and thereabouts His pretense was to spoile and destroie Westminster and the suburbs of the citie on that side and after to assault the citie it selfe to trie if he might enter by force and so to be reuenged of the citizens that had refused to receiue him Notwithstanding all which stirring of coles proud port with hautinesse of hart violence of hand thinking to beare downe the people as an innudation or flowing of water streams dooth all before it yet he came short of his purpose pulled vpon his owne pate finall destruction though he thought himselfe a man ordeined to glorie was tickled with the like flatring persuasion that one had in his hart who said Magnum iter ascendo sed dat mihi gloria vires Now as he was onwards vpon his iornie he was aduertised that king Edward was preparing to come forwards against him assisted in manner with all the great lords of the realme and others in great number more than he had beene at anie time before By reason whereof doubting what might follow if passing the riuer he should fortune so to be inclosed that he should be driuen thereâ—y to incounter with the kings power at such ods he thought it best to alter his purpose and so returning came backe againe before London mustered his people in S. Georges field ranged and placed in one entier battell And to the intent they might worke their purposed feat before the kings comming to the rescue thâ—y resolued with all their forces to assault the citie and to enter it if they could by plaine strength that putting it to the sacke they might conueie the riches to their ships which laie in the riuer betwixt saint Katharins and Blackewall neere to Ratcliffe Herevpon hauing brought certeine peeces of artillerie foorth of their ships they planted the same alongst the water side right ouer against the citie and shot off lustilie to annoie thâ—m within so much as was possible But the citizens on the other side lodged their great artillerie against their aduersaries and with violent shot therof so galled them that they durst not abide in anie place alongst the water side but were driuen euen from their owne ordinance Yet the bastard not meaning to leaue anie waie vnassaied that might aduance his purpose appointed a great number line 10 of his retinue to set fire on the bridge so to open the passage and to enter into the citie that way forth and withall he caused aboue thrée thousand other to passe by ships ouer the Thames giuing order that when they were got ouer they should diuide themselues into two battels the one to assault Algate and the other Bishops gate which order accordinglie was executed For they did their best at both places to force the gates not sparing to bend and discharge such guns as they had brought with them against the same nor line 20 ceassing with arrowes to annoie those that there stood at defense whereby much hurt was doone as well at the one place as the other fire being set on both the gates in purpose to haue burnt them vp and so to haue entered The fire which they had kindled on the bridge little auailed them although they burnt there to the number of a thréescore houses For the citizens had laid such péeces of ordinance directlie in their waie that although the passage had béene line 30 wholie open they should haue had hard entering that waie foorth The maior aldermen and other worshipfull citizens were in good arraie and each man appointed and bestowed where was thought néedfull The earle of Essex and manie knights esquiers and gentlemen with their fréends and seruants came to aid the citizens taking great paine to place them in order for defense of the gates and walles and furthermore deuised how and in what sort they might make a sallie foorth vpon the enimies to distresse them and suerlie by the intermingling of line 40 such
euill willers to grow in ouer-great authoritie with the prince in youth namelie which is light of beleefe and soone persuaded Yée remember I trow king Edward himselfe albeit he was a man of age discretion yet was he in manie things ruled by the bend more than stood either with his honor or our profit or with the cōmoditie of any man else except onlie the immoderate aduancement of themselues Which whether they forer thirsted after their owne weale or our wo it were hard I wéene to gesse And if some folks fréendship had not holden better place with the king than anie respect of kinred they might peraduenture easilie haue betrapped and brought to confusion some of vs yer this Why not as easilie as they haue doone some other alreadie as neere of his roiall bloud as we But our Lord hath wrought his will and thanks be to his grace that perill is past Howbeit as great is growing if we suffer this yoong king in our enimies hand which without his witting might abuse the name of his commandement to anie of our vndooing which thing God defend and good prouision forbid Of which good prouision none of vs hath anie thing the lesse néed for the late made attonement in which the kings pleasure had more place than the parties willes Nor none of vs I beléeue is so vnwise ouer-soone to trust a new freend made of an old fo or to thinke that an hourlie kindnes suddenlie contracted in one houre continued yet scant a fortnight should be déeper settled in their stomachs than a long accustomed malice manie yeares rooted With these words and writings and such other the duke of Glocester soone set on fire them that were of themselues easie to kindle in speciallie twaine Edward duke of Buckingham and William lord Hastings then chamberleine both men of honour of great power the one by long succession from his ancestrie the other by his office and the kings fauour These two not bearing ech to other so much loue as hatred both vnto the quéenes part in this point accorded togither with the duke of Glocester that they would vtterlie remoue from the kings companie all his mothers fréends vnder the name of their enimies Upon this concluded the duke of Glocester vnderstanding that the lords which at that time were about the king intended to bring him vp to his coronation accōpanied with such power of their freends that it should be hard for him to bring his purpose to passe without the gathering and great assemblie of people and in maner of open warre whereof the end he wist was doubtfull and in which the king being on their side his part should haue the face and name of a rebellion he secretlie therfore by diuers means caused the queene to be persuaded and brought in the mind that it neither were need and also should be ieopardous the king to come vp strong For whereas now euerie lord loued other and none other thing studied vpon but about the coronation and honor of the king if the lords of hir kindred should assemble in the kings name much people they should giue the lords betwixt whome and them had béene sometime debate to feare and suspect least they should gather this people not for the kings safegard whome no man impugned but for their destruction hauing more regard to their old variance than their new attonement For which cause they should assemble on the other partie much people againe for their defense whose power she wist well far stretched and thus should all the realme fall on a rore And of all the hurt that thereof should insue which was likelie not to be little and the most harme there like to fall where she least would all the world would put hir and hir kindered in the wight and saie that they had vnwiselie and vntrulie also broken the amitie peace that the king hir husband so prudentlie made betwéene his kin and hirs in his death bed and which the other partie faithfullie obserued The queene being in this wise persuaded such word sent vnto hir sonne and vnto hir brother being about the king and ouer that the duke of Glocester himselfe line 10 and other lords the chiefe of his bend wrote vnto the king so reuerentlie and to the quéenes fréends there so louinglie that they nothing earthlie mistrusting brought the king vp in great hast not in good spéed with a sober companie Now was the king in his waie to London gone from Northampton when these dukes of Glocester and Buckingham came thither where remained behind the lord Riuers the kings vncle intending on the morrow to follow the king and to be with him at Stonie Stratford certeine line 20 miles thence earlie yer he departed So was there made that night much fréendlie chéere betwéene these dukes the lord Riuers a great while But incōtinent after that they were openlie with great courtesie departed and the lord Riuers lodged the dukes secretlie with a few of their most priuie freends set them downe in councell wherein they spent a great part of the night And at their rising in the dawning of the daie they sent about priuilie to their seruants in their Ins line 30 lodgings about giuing them commandement to make themselues shortlie readie for their lords were to horsse backeward Upon which messages manie of their folke were attendant when manie of the lord Riuers seruants were vnreadie Now had these dukes taken also into their custodie the keies of the In that none should passe foorth without their licence And ouer this in the high waie toward Stonie Stratford where the king lay they had bestowed certeine of their folke that should send backe againe line 40 and compell to returne anie man that were gotten out of Northampton toward Stonie Stratford till they should giue other licence For asmuch as the dukes themselues intended for the shew of their diligence to be the first that should that daie attend vpon the kings highnesse out of that towne Thus bare they folke in hand But when the lord Riuers vnderstood the gates closed and the waies on euerie side beset neither his seruants nor himselfe suffered to gone out perceiuing line 50 well so great a thing without his knowledge not begun for naught comparing this manner present with this last nights chéere in so few houres so great a change maruellouslie misliked Howbeit sith he could not get awaie and keepe himselfe close he would not least he should séeme to hide himselfe for some secret feare of his owne fault whereof he saw no such cause in himselfe he determined vpon the suertie of his owne conscience to go boldlie to them and inquire what this matter might meane line 60 Whom assoone as they saw they began to quarrell with him and saie that he intended to set distance betweene the king and them and to bring them to confusion but it should not lie in his power And when he began as he
French capteins being hereof aduised determined not to fight without their footmen and therefore with all spéed sent backe their carriages and staied with their horssemen vntill the carriages might haue leasure to get out of danger In the meane time the Englishmen aduanced forward and their horssemen mounted vp the hill where the French horssemen were in troope with thirtie and three standards spred might sée the Englishmen comming and the kings battell marching forward with the Almans There were amongest the Frenchmen certeine companies of Estradiots which being placed before the French hoast as they came downe the hill to skirmish with the Englishmen saw where the banners of the English horssemen were comming and the kings battell following vpward weening verelie that all had béene horssemen wherevpon they cast themselues about and fled The Frenchmen were so fast in arraie that the Estradiots could not enter and so they ran still by the ends of the Frenchmens ranks Herewith the English horssemen set on and about an hundred archers on horsse-backe being lighted beside their horsses and set by an hedge all alongest line 10 a village side called Bomie shot freshlie at their enimies also certeine culuerings being placed on the top of an hill were discharged amongest the thickest prease of the Frenchmen so that finallie the French were discomfited for those that were behind saw the fall of some of their standards which the Englishmen ouerthrew and their Estradiots also in whome they had great confidence returne They that were furthest off fled first and then the Englishmen Burgognian horssemen which were line 20 with them egerlie followed the chase in the which were taken the duke of Longuile brother to the earle of Dunois that had married the daughter and heire to the marquesse of Rothlois the lord of Cleremont capteine Baiard monsieur de Busie and other to the number of twelue score prisoners and all brought to the kings presence with six standards which were likewise taken The Burgognians brought not their prisoners to sight Monsieur de la Palice and monsieur de Imbrecourt being taken line 30 of them and knowne were put to their ransomes and licenced maintenantlie to depart vpon their word Thus was the power of the French horssemen by the sharpe incounter of the English horssemen and full fight of the battels of the footmen following in arraie at the backs of the horssemen and the discharging of certeine culuerings amongst them quickelie put to flight without anie great resistance The emperour Maximilian was present with the line 40 king and ware saint Georges crosse greatlie incouraging the Almans to shew themselues like men sith the place was fortunate to him and them to trie the chance of battell in as they might call to remembrance by the victorie there obteined against the Frenchmen a foure and twentie yeares past This incounter chancing thus on the sixtéenth daie of August being tuesdaie in this fift yeare of king Henries reigne which was the yeare after the incarnation 1513 was called the battell Des esprons by line 50 the Frenchmen themselues that is to saie the battell of spurres forsomuch as they in stéed of sword and lance vsed their spurres with all might and maine to pricke foorth their horsses to get out of danger so that in them was verefied the old prouerbe One paire of heeles is worth two paire of hands That wing of the horssemen also which was appointed to skirmish with the Englishmen on the other side the riuer whilest the other might haue conueied the vittels into the towne was fiercelie beaten line 60 backe by the martiall prowesse of the valiant erle of Shrewesburie sir Rice ap Thomas and other worthie capteins which laie on that side the water The duke of Alanson the earle of saint Paule and monsieur de Florenges had the leading of those Frenchmen They within the towne were in great hope of succour this daie and when they saw the French power approch they sallied foorth on that side where the lord Herbert laie and skirmished with his people verie proudlie but they were repelled to the gates of their towne and manie of them slaine by the high valiancie of the said lord Herbert and his capteins After that the Englishmen were returned from the chase of the Frenchmen whome they had followed a thrée long miles from the field the king made sir Iohn Pechie a baneret and Iohn Carre knight which was sore hurt sir Iohn Pechie had his guidon taken and diuerse of his men hurt they followed so farre in the chase After this ouerthrow of the French horssemen the K. compassed the towne more streictlie on ech side and the batterie was brought so nigh the wals as might be wherwith breaches were made in sundrie places by meanes whereof the lord Pontremie despairing any long time to kéepe the towne fell to a composition and yéelded it vp to the kings hands This incounter and ouerthrow with the giuing vp of Terwine is extant to the knowledge of forren nations to be read recorded as followeth Francorum pugnax equitatus praelia miscet Succurrúntque suis sed frustra infirmior arma Turba capit palmam bellando potentior Anglus Aufert laethifera transfossis hostibus hasta Diruta turrifragis bombardis moenia praebent Brutigenae ingressum facilem GallÃsque timorem Inijciunt tandem Terrouana deditur Anglo Howbeit this yéelding vp of the said towne was with condition that the souldiers might depart with horsse and armour that such townesmen as would there remaine might haue their liues and goods saued Thus I saie was the citie of Terwine deliuered vp to the king of England with all the ordinance and munitions then being found within the same This was on the eightéenth of August The earle of Shrewesburie entered the same night and caused the banner of saint George to be set vp in the highest place of the towne in signe of victorie When the lord Pontremie and all the souldiers were departed and that the earle of Shrewesburie had searched all the towne to sée that euerie thing was sure he called the townesmen afore him and sware them to be true to the king of England The foure and twentith of August the king himselfe entered the towne with great and roiall triumph and dined in the bishops palace At after noone he returned to his campe and on the six and twentith daie of August he remooued againe to Guingate where he first incamped after the chase of the French horssemen Here it was determined in councell that the wals and fortifications of Terwine should be rased which was doone and the towne burned except the cathedrall church and the palace All the ordinance was sent to Aire to be kept there to the kings vse After this it was concluded that the king should laie siege to the citie of Tornaie wherevpon he set forward in thrée battels the earle of Shrewesburie leading the va-ward the king
obeie new lords and new lawes as our poet saith dominorum serua nouorum Accipit ecce nouas Henrico principe leges But now I must returne to speake of the dooings in the North parts betweene the Englishmen and Scots Whilest the king was occupied in his warres against France in the summer of this yeare as before is mentioned yée haue heard how the king of Scots sent his letters vnto the king as then lieng at the siege before Terwine and what answer was made thereto by the king Immediatlie vpon the sending of those his letters conteining in effect a defiance the king of Scots assembled his people to inuade the English confines but before his whole power was come togither the lord Humes that was lord chamberleine of Scotland on a day in August entered England with seuen or eight thousand men and getting togither a great bootie of cattell thought to haue returned therewith into his countrie But as he came to passe through a field ouergrowne with broome called Milfield the English men vnder the leading of sir William Bulmer and other valiant capteins hauing with them not past a thousand souldiers being laid within that field in ambushment brake foorth vpon him and though the Scots on foot defended themselues right manfullie yet the English archers shot so wholie togither that the Scots were constreined to giue place There were of them slaine at this bickering fiue or six hundred and foure hundred or more taken prisoners the lord chamberleine himselfe escaped by flight but his banner was taken This was called by the Scots the ill rode In the meane time was the whole power of Scotland assembled with the which king Iames approching to the borders and comming to Norham castell laid siege thereto hauing there with him an hundred thousand men After he had beaten this castell with his ordinance for the space of six daies togither the same was deliuered vp into his hands for the capteine was so liberall of his shot and powder spending the same so freelie before he had cause so to doo that when it shuld haue stood him in stead he had none left to aid him so that in the end he yeelded himselfe without more resistance In which meane time the earle of Surreie being lieutenant of the north parts of England in absence of king Henrie had giuen order to assemble a power of six and twentie thousand men and comming to Alnwike the third of September being saturdaie taried there all the next day till the whole number of his people were come which by reason of the foule way were staied and could not come forward with such spéed as was appointed This fourth daie of September then being sundaie his sonne the lord admerall with a thousand souldiers and able men of warre which had beene at sea came to his father whereof he greatlie reioised for the great wisedome manhood and experience which he knew to be in him Then the earle and his councell with great deliberation appointed his battels in order with wings and with horsmen necessarie First of the fore-ward was ordeined capteine the lord Howard admerall of England as well with such as came with him from the sea as others First the lord Clifford the lord Coniers the lord Latimer the lord Scroope of Upsall the lord Ogle the lord Lomlie sir Nicholas Appleyard maister of the ordinance sir Stephan Bull sir Henrie Shirburne sir William Sidneie sir Edward Ichingham sir William Bulmer with the power of the bishoprike of Durham sir William Gascoigne sir Christopher Ward sir Iohn Eueringham sir Thomas Metham sir Walter Griffith and manie others line 10 Of the wing on the right hand of the fore-ward was capteine sir Edward Howard knight marshall of the host with him Brian Tunstall Rafe Brearton Iohn Laurence Richard Bold esquiers sir Iohn Booth sir Thomas Butler knights Richard Done Iohn Bigod Thomas Fitz Williams Iohn Claruis Brian Stapleton Robert Warcop Richard Cholmleie with the men of Hull and the kings tenants of Hatfield and others Of the wing on the left hand was capteine sir Marmaduke line 20 Constable with his sonnes and kinsmen sir William Persie and of Lancashire a thousand men Of the rere-ward was capteine the earle of Surreie himselfe and with him the lord Scroope of Bolton sir Philip Tilneie sir George Darcie sir Thomas Berkleie sir Iohn Rocliffe sir Christopher Pikering Richard Tempest sir Iohn Stanleie with the bishop of Elies seruants sir Brian Stapleton Lionell Persie with the abbat of Whitbies tenants Christopher Clapham sir William Gascoigne the line 30 yoonger sir Guie Dawneie maister Magnus maister Dalbies seruants sir Iohn Normanuile the citizens of Yorke sir Ninian Markanuile sir Iohn Willoughbie with others Of the wing on the right hand was capteine the lord Dacres with his power Of the left hand wing was capteine sir Edward Stanleie knight with the residue of the power of the two counties palantine of Chester and Lancaster Thus was the host appointed and diuided into wards and wings at the first line 40 though afterward vpon occasion this order was somewhat altered And now that euerie man knew what to doo the earle of Surrie with his power comming toward the place where he thought to find the Scotish host was informed how king Iames being remooued six miles from Norham laie imbattelled vpon a great mounteine called Floddon a place of such strength as it was not possible for the Englishmen to come néere him but to their great disaduantage for at the foot of the same hill on the line 50 left hand there was a great marish ground full of réed and water On the right hand it was defended with a riuer called Till the course whereof being so swift and the chanell in some places so deepe that it might not conuenientlie be passed On the backe halfe there were such craggie rocks and thicke woods that it was not possible to assaile him to anie aduantage that waie foorth And on the forepart of the campe where nature had left an easie entrie for men to come to the line 60 same all his ordinance was planted aloft vpon the sides of such trenches as he had caused to be cast for defense on that part The earle of Surrie herevpon considering with himselfe that vnlesse he might deuise some policie to cause the Scotish armie to descend the hill it were not possible for him to accomplish his desire he called about him his councell and with them tooke aduise in this point At length it was concluded and determined among other things to send Rouge Crosse purseuant at armes with a trumpet to the king of Scots with a message and certeine instructions which in substance was to shew and declare vnto the said king of Scots that where he contrarie vnto his oth and league and vnnaturallie against all reason and conscience had entered and inuaded this his brothers realme of England and done
sore weakened and decaied by death and sicknesse and now in raising their campe had manie things to looke vnto as well for the conueieng of their ordinance trusse and baggage as their feeble and diseased persons so that if the Dolphin with his armie might haue made such spéed forward as to haue ouertaken them with his maine power before they had come to Bullongne it was to be feared least he might haue put them in danger of a plaine distresse But with such timelie foresight as was vsed the siege was raised and the armie retired first to Bullongne and after to Calis without losse although the French horssemen in great number followed and sundrie times made proud proffers to giue the charge vpon the hindermost companies but nothing was doone to make great account of except certeine skirmishes that were procured and alarums giuen as in such cases it fortuneth The Dolphin notwithstanding that the siege was thus raised from Muttrell yer he could come thither yet he kept forward his iourncie to prooue what he might doo to recouer Bullongne which towne the king of England as ye haue heard had left in the keeping of the lord Lisle high admerall The same towne being then weake God knoweth on all sides through batterie and minings which by the kings power had béen made to bring it into his subiection and the trenches not cast downe nor the ordinance mounted The Dolphin being come before the towne sent certeine bands of his best soldiors by night to giue a camisado to the base towne They that thus were sent entred the same the ninth of October about two of the clocke in the morning where they tooke the stand watches and slue beside a great number of sicke and weake persons as well soldiors as other before they could araie themselues or well get out of line 10 their beds But after the Frenchmen and Italians fell to rifling and breaking vp of coffers scattering here and there abrode and began to fall to their vittels which they found there in good plentie The Englishmen that were driuen vp to the gates of the high towne got weapons that were throwne downe vnto them foorth of the same assembling togither fiercelie entred in amongst the prease of their enimies And herewith there sallied foorth of the high towne sir Thomas Poinings with a band of two hundred line 20 soldiors the which togither with the other so bestirred themselues that they manfullie beat backe the enimies slue to the number of eight hundred of them and chased the residue out of the towne which fled ouer the sands vp to the hill where the Dolphin himselfe stood with a great troope of horssemen about him and durst not once come downe to the rescue of his people for feare of the great artillerie that with plentie of bullets saluted the enimies after that the breake of the daie had once discouered them in sight line 30 Amongst other that were slaine in this repulse of the Frenchmen le segneur de Foquessolles another of the marshall de Biez his sons in law and seneschall of Bullongne was one Thus the Dolphin perceiuing that it would nothing auaile him to make anie further attempt against Bullongne passed foorth toward Guisnes shortlie after through want of vittels and sicknesse which sore infested his campe brake vp his armie and returned into France so that the proud enterprises line 40 of the vainglorious and most insolent French turned to their owne great shame as C. O. trulie saith Sic Galli in magnum cesserunt dedecus ausa But shortlie after Christmas came downe an armie of fourtéene thousand vnder the conduction of monsieur de Biez the which the six and twentith of Ianuarie incamped on the west side of Bullongne beyond the hauen where they laie ten daies but on the sixt of Februarie the earle of Hertford the lord admerall as then lord lieutenant of the towne of Bullongne the lord Greie of Wilton sir Thomas line 50 Poinings others hauing assembled out of the garisons on that side the seas to the number of foure thousand footmen seuen hundred horsmen whereof an hundred or foure score were Albanoises issued foorth of Bullongne about foure of the clocke in the morning and comming to the place where the king had incamped during the time of the siege they staid there and put themselues in order of battell and about six of the clocke it being then a low water capteine Edward Breie with three hundred shot was line 60 appointed to passe ouer and to giue the enimies an alarum in their campe At which instant the trumpets sounded and the drums stroke vp in the English armie and herewiâ—h they being diuided into three battels and to ech one his gard of two hundred horssemen beside the od hundred that attended as a defense to the residue they shewed themselues to their enimies The Frenchmen perceiuing this packed awaie with all haste possible marching toward Hardilo in two battels Wherevpon the English capteins leauing their footmen behind them and taking onelie with them the horssemen followed with all spéed after their enimies and comming to the bridge commonlie called pont de Bricque which certeine English carpenters garded with a number of harquebutters and foure small field peeces had forced and repared the same that night and so the horssemen finding it sufficientlie repared passed ouer and comming to S. Estienne they found there fiue hundred Dutch horsmen commonlie called Swart rutters that were lodged there to kéepe that passage but being surprised on the sudden by the English horssemen and sharpelie assailed they were wholie distressed and the most part of them taken prisoners and therewith left with the followers of the armie were after slaine bicause they knew not where to bestow them But now the hill of saint Estienne being thus gained by the English horsmen they put themselues in order of battell againe appointing an hundred of their men at armes to follow and kéepe aloofe as a stale to relieue their fellowes in time of need when they saw them in anie danger The lords to incourage euerie one to doo his dutie rode vp and downe about the troops vsing manie comfortable words desired them that although they were but an handfull in comparison to the number of their enimies they would yet in regard of the honour of the realme of England make a proffer of an onset to the enimies that they might perceiue that there they were to giue them battell and to follow as they should sée them their capteins and gouernors to lead them the waie Herewith forward they make towards the enimie and ouertaking them three miles on the hitherside of Hardilo sands they valiantlie gaue the charge and thrusting in betwixt the two French battels ouerthrew their cariages tooke their ordinance and munitions slue and bare downe manie of them that preased foorth to defend the same Monsieur de Biez being in the fore
who departed this life the last of March in the yere last past to wit 1547 made prouision of an armie with a nauie of ships and gallies to passe into Scotland to the aid of line 60 the quéene and other of his faction And first he had sent thither monsieur de la Chapelle de Biron a gentleman of good account to assist the gouernour with his aduise and counsell which gouernour desirous to recouer the castell of Broughticrag and loth to sée it possessed by the Englishmen raised a power of eight thousand men and with eight péeces of artilleris came before that fortresse meaning to win it by siege but by the valiant prowes of sir Andrew Dudleie and the hardie manhood of such English souldiors as serued there vnder him the Scots were repelled and driuen to leuie their siege with dishonor Yet not thus contented the earle of Argile with an armie of his Irish Scots or Hieland men if I maie so call them after this likewise came and besieged the place but glad to take truce for a time with sir Andrew Before the tearme of the same truce was expired there came new succours to him and therevpon the earle in the end was constrained to leuie his siege and suffer the Englishmen to become maisters of a little hill not farre off from the castell where afterwards they builded a fortresse But to returne to the French armie which was prepared to passe into Scotland ye shall vnderstand that when their ships and prouisions were once readie and the capteins with their bands come downe to Brest in Britaine where the nauie was rigged to receiue them monsieur de Desse generall of all the armie reckoned to conteine seuen or eight thousand men imbarked himselfe with all his people and sailed foorth on his iournie till they arriued in the Forth and there tooke land at Lieth the sixteenth of Iune Shortlie after hauing got their great artillerie on land and taken aduise with the lord gouernour other of the Scotish nobilitie whome they found at Edenburgh how to proceed in prosecuting the war against the Englishmen it was resolued that without delaie they shuld trie their forces about the recouerie of Hadington and go to besiege that towne before they attempted anie further exploit The gouernour and other of the Scotish lords hauing with them seuen or eight hundred light horssemen offred to go with them to the better aduancing forward of that enterprise Herevpon setting forward and comming to Muskelburgh the capteins with a certeine number of horssemen and footmen as well of Scots as Frenchmen were appointed to go before to view the said towne of Hadington Upon their approch neere to the towne there issued foorth certeine Englishmen and Italians that were of Tiberios band which skirmished with them right stoutlie till at length the Frenchmen and Scots retired backe to Lauret a little from Muskelburgh where their armie incamped for that night and the Englishmen and Italians returned backe to their fortresse The next daie the Frenchmen and Scots with their whole power came before Hadington where they were welcomed with a right sharpe and hot skirmish in which was slaine with an harquebuse shot one of the French capteins called Uilleneufue In the meane time whilest this skirmish continued the Reinsgraue with his Almans incamped himselfe on the one side of the towne where the maister of the ordinance in the French armie named monsieur Duno caused trenches to be cast for the safe placing of the artillerie the Englishmen still kept them occupied on each side the towne with skirmishing to the annoiance of the aduersaries To conclude they incamped before the towne cast trenches lodged their ordinance laid their siege to the most aduantage so far as they might be suffered Shortlie after that this siege was planted there came to the aid of the French the earle of Argile with a great number of Irish Scots and monsieur de la Chapelle brought an eight or nine hundred Scotish pioners which began a trench on the left hand of the abbeie gate and likewise a trauerse to couer their souldiors that should watch and ward from danger of the shot out of the towne on that side The Englishmen with often issues gaue their aduersaries small rest procuring manie hot skirmishes as occasion serued At one of the which skirmishes Piero Strozzi coronell of three ensigns of Italians was striken with a musket shot Yet monsieur de Desse inforcing the siege to the vttermost of his power caused one night with helpe of baskets filled with earth six peeces of artillerie to be planted in batterie fast at the towne side which at the breake of daie began to shoot off and discharged that present daie thrée hundred and fortie shots But after they perceiued that they did litle hurt to the fortifications of the towne in that place where this batterie was laid the next night the baskets peeces of artillerie were remooued lower and not past three score pases from the ditches of the towne where the next daie two hundred shots were discharged against the rampire To conclude they made such breaches in sundrie places for easie entrie into the towne that it line 10 was greatlie maruelled whie they durst not assaie to giue a generall assault They lodged so neare within the verie ditches that there were deuised certeine plummets of lead tied with cords to a truncheon of a staffe like to an handstaffe of a flaile wherewith the souldiors that watched and warded within the towne on the rampire slue diuerse of the Frenchmen being their lodged within their ditches Thus notwithstanding that the Frenchmen with their artillerie had broken line 20 downe the fortifications so as the breaches were made verie reasonable and easie for them to enter yet durst they not presume once to giue the assault for the Englishmen although their powder was sore spent and that for want of matches they were constreined to teare their shirts and vse the same in sted of matches yet they shewed themselues so valiant in defending the towne thus beaten made weake on each hand that there was no hope left to their aduersaries to win it of them by force Although the line 30 French power on the one side and eight thousand Scots on an other had so inuironed it that the Englishmen within were driuen to most hard shifts for want of things necessarie requisite for their maintenance and defense of that towne But yet whilest they remained thus in such distresse and necessitie of things two hundred Englishmen vnder the conduct of capteine Windham Warham Seintleger and Iohn Car of Warke found meanes one night to passe through all the line 40 watches on that side where the Scots laie and entering the towne and bringing with them great plentie of powder and other necessaries greatlie relieued them within so incouraged them that they séemed to make small
It was strange to sée the desperat boldnesse of the rebelles that when they were thrust through the bodies or line 20 thighs and some of them hough-sinewed would yet seeke reuenge in striking at their aduersaries when their hands were scarse able to hold vp their weapon thinking themselues somewhat satisfied if the humor of their enuie and deadlie spite might be fed but with a drop of their aduersaries bloud with such a malignant spirit tending wholie to vengeance these desperat rebels were possessed according to the poets spéech in the like sense and meaning Inuidiosa dabit minimus solatia sanguis line 30 But such was the valiancie of the gentlemen and soldiers which were there with the lord marquesse that in the end the enimies which were alreadie entered the citie were beaten out againe and driuen backe to their accustomed kennell holes with losse of thrée hundred of their numbers They within the towne hauing thus repelled the enimies accounting themselues in more safetie than before for the rest of the night that yet remained which was not much they gaue themselues to refresh their wearied line 40 bodies with some sléepe The next daie the lord marquesse was informed by some of the citizens that there were no small number in Kets campe that would gladlie come from him if they might be sure of their pardon and that at Pockethorpe gate there were foure or fiue thousand that wished for nothing more than for pardon and that if the same were offered them there were no doubt as they beléeued but that they would submit themselues to the kings mercie line 50 The marquesse was glad to vnderstand so much incontinentlie dispatched Norreie king at armes with a trumpetter to assure them on the kings behalfe that they should be pardoned for all offenses past and that had beene committed in time of this rebellion if they would laie armes aside Norreie and the trumpet comming to the gate found not a man there but the trumpetter sounding his trumpet there came running downe from the hill a great multitude of their people amongst other as chiefe one Flotman whome Norreie commanded to staie line 60 Wherevpon the said Flotman asked him what was the matter and wherefore he had called them togither by sound of trumpet Go thy waies said he tell thy companie from my lord marquesse of Northhampton the kings maiesties lieutenant that he commandeth them to ceasse from committing anie further outrage and if they will saith he obeie his commandement all that is past shall be forgiuen and pardoned Flotman hauing heard Norreies declaration as he was an outragious and busie fellow presumptuouslie made answer that he cared not a pins point for my lord marquesse and withall like a rebellious traitor railed vpon his lordship and mainteined that he and the rest of the rebels were earnest defendors of the kings roiall maiestie and that they had taken weapon in hand not against the king but in his defense as in time it should appeare as they that sought nothing but to mainteine his maiesties roiall estate the libertie of their countrie and the safetie of their commonwealth c. To conclude he vtterlie refused the kings pardon and told Norreie certeinelie that they would either restore the common-wealth from decaie into the which it was fallen being oppressed thorough the couetousnesse and tyrannie of the gentlemen either else would they like men die in the quarrell Scarselie had he made an end of his tale when suddenlie a fearefull alarum was raised thoroughout the citie for whilest Flotman was thus in talke with the king of armes at Pockethorpe gate the rebels in great rage entring the citie by the hospitall went about to bring all things to destruction but being incountered néere to the bishops palace by the lord marquesse his men there insued a bloudie conflict betwixt them which continued long with great fiercenesse and eger reuenge on both parts There died about seuen score of the rebels and of the soldiers that serued against them some number beside a great multitude that were hurt and wounded on both parts But the pitifull slaughter of the lord Sheffeld who hauing more regard to his honor than safetie of life desirous to shew some proofe of his noble valiancie entering amongst the enimies as he fought right hardilie though not so warilie as had béene expedient fell into a dich as he was about to turne his horsse herewith being compassed about with a number of those horrible traitors was slaine amongest them although he both declared what he was and offered largelie to the vilans if they would haue saued his life But the more noble he shewed himselfe to be the more were they kindled in outragious furie against him And as he pulled off his head péece that it might appeare what he was a butcherlie knaue named Fulks who by occupation was both a carpenter a butcher slat him in the head with a club and so most wretchedlie killed him A lamentable case that so noble a yoong gentleman indued with so manie commendable qualities as were to be wished in a man of his calling should thus miserablie end his daies by the hands of so vile a vilan Diuerse other gentlemen and woorthie soldiers came to the like end among those outragious rebels and amongst other Robert Woluaston that was appointed to kéepe the doore of Christs church was killed by the same Fulks who tooke him for sir Edmund Kneuet against whome the rebels bare great malice for that he sought to annoie them so farre as by anie meanes he might as partlie ye haue heard But the slaughter of that noble man the lord Sheffeld sore discouraged the residue of the soldiers that were come with the lord marquesse And on the other part the rebels were aduanced thereby in greater hope to preuaile against them and therevpon preassed forward with such hardinesse that they caused the lord marquesse and his people to giue place and to forsake the citie euerie man making the best shift he could to saue himselfe But yet diuerse gentlemen of good account and worship remaining behind and abiding the brunt were taken prisoners as sir Thomas Cornewallis and others whome the rebels afterwards kept in streict durance vntill the daie came of their ouerthrow by the kings power vnder the conduction of the earle of Warwike The lord marquesse and the residue that escaped made the best shift they could to get out of danger and at length he and the most part of them that went foorth with him came to London The rebels hauing thus repelled the lord marquesse his power set fire on the citie whereby manie faire buildings were consumed and burnt It happened yet well the same time that there fell great abundance of raine the which holpe in part to quench the rage of the fire Neuertheles all the houses on either side of Holmes stréet and the hospitall of the poore also
number of things waxeth lesse and by scarsitie be inhansed compelleth men to abate their liberalitie in house both to their owne and also to strangers And where the rich wanteth what can the poore find who in a common scarsitie liueth most scarselie and feeleth quickliest the sharpnesse of staruing when euerie man for lacke is hungerbitten Which if ye had well remembred before as ye now maie after perceiue ye would not I thinke so stiffe-neckedlie haue resisted and indangered your selues in the storme of famine whereof ye most likelie must haue the greatest part which most stubbornlie resisted to your owne shame and confusion Experience teacheth vs that after a great dearth commeth a great death for that when men in great want of meat eat much ill meat they fill their bodies with ill humors and cast them from their state of health into a subiection of sickenesse bicause the good bloud in the bodie is not able to kéepe his temper for the multitude of the ill humors that corrupteth the same And so grow great deadlie plagues and destroie great numbers of all sorts sparing no kind that they light on neither respecting the poore line 10 with mercie nor the rich with fauour Can ye thereforethinke herein when ye see decaie of vittels the rich pinch the poore famish the following of diseases the greatnesse of death the mourning of widowes the pitifulnesse of the fatherlesse and all this miserie to come thorough your vnnaturall misbehauiour that ye haue not dangerouslie hurt the commons of your countrie with a dolefull and vncurable wound These things being once felt in the common-wealth line 20 as they must néeds be euerie man séeth by and by what followeth euen a great diminishment of the strength of the realme when the due number that the realme dooth mainteine is made lesse and thereby we be made rather a preie for our enimies than a safetie for our selues And how can there be but a great decaie o◠people at the length when some be ouerthrowne in warre some suffer for punishment some pine for famine some die with the campes diet some be consumed line 30 with sickenesse For although ye thinke your selues able to match with a few vnprepared gentlemen and put them from their houses that ye might gaine the spoile doo ye iudge the refore your selues strong inough not onelie to withstand a kings power but also to ouerthrow it Is it possible that ye should haue so mad a frensie in your head that ye should thinke the number ye sée so strong that all ye sée not should not be able to preuaile to the contrarie With what reason could ye thinke that if ye bode the hot line 40 brunt of battell but ye must néeds feele the smart speciallie the kings power comming against you which if ye feare not belike ye know not the force thereof And so much the greater number is lost in the realme that both the ouercommer and the ouercommed be parties although vnlike of one realme and what losse is not onelie of either side but of both that dooth plainlie redound to the whole Then where so great and so horrible a fault is committed as woorse can not be mentioned of from the line 50 beginning and bringeth in withall such penurie such weakenes such disorder in the common-wealth as no mischiefe besides could doo the like can anie man thinke with iust reason that all shall escape vnpunished that shall escape the sword and not manie for terrour and examples sake should be looked vnto who haue beene either great dooers in such a disordered vilanie or great counsellors to such an outgrowne mischiefe séeing the onelie remedie of redressing wilfull faults is a iust and seuere punishment line 60 of such whose naughtie déeds good men ought to abhorre for duties sake and ill men maie dread for like punishments sake and a frée licence to doo mischiefe vnpunished is so dangerous that the sufferance of one is the occasion of the fall of a great number and womanish pitie to one is a deceitfull crueltie to the whole intising them to their owne destruction by sufferance which would haue auoided the danger by fore punishment And in such a barrennesse of vittels as must néeds come after so rauening a spoile it must néeds be that some though few shall be so nipt with egernesse of famine that they shall not recouer againe themselues out of so fretting a danger So in a generall weakenesse where all shall be féebled some must needs die and so diminish the number and abate such strength as the realme defended it selfe withall before Which occasion of neuer so few comming of so great a cause if ye should make iust amends for not of recompense which ye could not but of punish-went which ye ought how manie how diuerse and how cruell deaths ought euerie one of ye often suffer How manie came to the camps from long labour to sudden ease and from meane fare to stroieng of vittels and so fell in a maner vnwares to such a contrarie change that nature hir selfe abiding neuer great and sudden changes can not beare it without some grounds entered of diseases to come which vncircumspect men shall sooner féele than thinke of and then will scarselie iudge the cause when they shall be vexed with the effect It is little maruell that idlenesse and meat of an other mans charge will soone feed vp fat like men but it is great maruell if idlenesse and other mens meat doo not abate the same by sickenesse againe and speciallie comming from the one and going to the other contrarie in those who violentlie séeke to turne in a moment the whole realme to the contrarie For while their mind changeth from obedience to vnrulinesse and turneth it selfe from honestie to wildnesse and their bodies go from labour to idlenesse from small fare to spoile of vittels and from beds in the night to cabins and from swéet houses to stinking camps it must néeds be by changing of affections which alter the bodie and by vsing of rest that filleth the bodie and by glutting of meats which weakeneth the bodie with cold in the nights which accraseth the bodie and with corrupt aire which infecteth the bodie that there follow some grieuous tempest not onelie of contagious sickenesse but also of present death to the bodie The greatest plucke of all is that vehemencie of plague which naturallie followeth the dint of hunger which when it entereth once among men what darts of pangs what throwes of paines what showts of death dooth it cast out How manie fall not astonied with the sickenesse but fretted with the paine How beateth it downe not onelie small townes but also great countries This when ye sée light first on your beasts which lacke fodder and after fall on men whose bodies gape for it and sée the scarsenesse of men to be by this your foule enterprise and not onelie other
fell to secret consultation for redresse of things but namelie for the displacing of the lord protector And suddenlie vpon what occasion manie maruelled but few knew Euerie line 30 lord and councellor went through the citie weaponed and had their seruants likewise weaponed attending vpon them in new liueries to the great woondering of manie And at the last a great assemblie of the said councellors was made at the earle of Warwiks lodging which was then at Elie place in Holborne whither all the confederats in this matter came priuilie armed and finallie concluded to possesse the towre of London which by the policie of sir William Paulet lord treasuror of England line 40 was peaceablie obteined who by order of the said confederats immediatlie remooued sir Iohn Markam then lieutenant of the towre and placed in that roome sir Leonard Chamberleine And after that the said councell was broken vp at Elie place the earle of Warwike remooued foorthwith into the citie of London and laie in the house of one Iohn Yorke a citizen of London who was then chéefe maister of the mint kept at Suffolke place in Southworke The lord protector hearing of the maner of the assemblie line 50 of this councell and of the taking of the towre which séemed to him verie strange and doubtfull did presentlie the said night remooue froÌ„ Hampton court taking the king with him vnto the castell of Windsore and there began to fortifie the same and withall wrote a letter to that noble gentleman the lord Russell lord priuie seale remaining as yet in the west countrie aduertising him of these troubles as followeth A letter of the lord protectors â—o the lord Russell lord priuie seale concerning troubles working against him AFter our right hartie commendations to your good lordship Here hath of late risen such a conspiracie against the kings maiestie vs as neuer hath béene séene the which they can not mainteine with such vaine letters and false tales surmised as was neuer ment nor intended on vs. They pretend and saie that we haue sold Bullongne to the French and that we doo withhold wages from the soldiers other such tales and letters they doo spread abroad of the which if anie one thing were true we would not wish to liue the matter now being brought to a maruellous extremitie such as we would neuer haue thought it could haue come vnto especiallie of those men towards the kings maiestie and vs of whome we haue deserued no such thing but rather much fauour and loue But the case being as it is this is to require praie you to hasten you hither to the defense of the kings maiestie in such force and power as you maie to shew the part of a true gentleman and of a verie friend the which thing we trust God shall reward and the kings maiestie in time to come and we shall neuer be vnmindfull of it too We are sure you shall haue other letters from them but as ye tender your dutie to the kings maiestie we require you to make no staie but immediatlie repaire with such force as ye haue to his highnesse in his castell of Windsor and cause the rest of such force as ye maie make to follow you And so we bid you right hartilie farewell From Hampton court the sixt of October Your lordships assured louing friend Edward Summerset An answer to the lord protectors letter TO this letter of the lord protectors sent the sixt of October the lord Russell returning answer againe vpon the eight of the said moneth first lamented the heauie dissention fallen betweene the nobilitie and him which he tooke for such a plague as a greater could not be sent of almightie God vpon this realme being the next waie said he to make vs of conquerors slaues and like to induce vpon the whole realme an vniuersall thraldome and calamitie vnlesse the mercifull goodnesse of the Lord doo helpe and some wise order be taken in staieng these great extremities And as touching the dukes request in his letters forsomuch as he had heard before of the broile of the lords and feared least some conspiracie had beene meant against the kings person he hasted forward with such companie as he could make for the suertie of the king as to him apperteined Now perceiuing by the lords letters sent vnto him the same sixt daie of October these tumults to rise vpon priuat causes betwéene him and them he therefore thought it expedient that a conuenient power should be leuied to be in a readinesse to withstand the woorst what perils soeuer might insue for the preseruation both of the king and state of the realme from inuasion of forren enimies and also for the staieng of bloudshed if anie such thing should be intended betwixt the parties in the heat of this faction And this he thinking best for the discharge of his allegiance humblie besought his grace to haue the same also in speciall regard and consideration first that the kings maiestie be put in no feare and that if there be anie such thing wherein he hath giuen iust cause to them thus to procéed he would so conforme himselfe as no such priuat quarrels doo redound to the publike disturbance of the realme certifieng moreouer the duke that if it were true which he vnderstood by the letters of the lords that he should send about proclamations and letters for raising vp of the commons he liked not the same Notwithstanding he trusted well that his wisedome would take such a waie as no effusion of bloud should follow And thus much being conteined in his former letters the eight of October in his next letters againe written the eleuenth of October the said lord Russell reioising to heare of the most reasonable offers of the lord protector made to the lords wrote vnto him and promised to doo what in the vttermost power of him and likewise of sir William Herbert ioined togither with him did lie to worke some honorable reconciliation betwéene him them so as his said offers being accepted and satisfied some good conclusion might insue according to their good hope and expectation signifieng moreouer that as touching the leuieng of men they had resolued to haue the same in readinesse for the benefit of the realme to occurre all inconueniences whatsoeuer that either by forren inuasion or otherwise might happen so hauing line 10 their power at hand to draw néere wherby they might haue the better oportunitie to be solicitors and meanes for this reformation on both parts c. And thus much for the answer of the lord Russell to the lord protectors letters But now to procéed and go forward with the matter of the lords who togither with the earle of Warwike vpon what occasion God knoweth were assembled at London as ye haue heard against line 20 the lord protector When the king with his councell at Hampton court heard therof first secretarie Peter with the kings
long before their execution that his desire to returne into Kent was onelie to shift himselfe ouer the sea The lord Warden being at Rochester as yée haue heard well furnished both with horsse and men perfectlie appointed to no small number was willing to haue followed after Wiat and to haue shewed his good will against him in the quéens quarrell but yet vpon deliberation had aduise taken with others that were there with him he thought good first to vnderstand the quéenes pleasure how to proceed in his dealings and heervpon he rode post to the queene himselfe leauing the lord of Aburgauennie and the rest of the gentlemen with his and their bands behind till his returne On sundaie the fourth of Februarie the lord admerall caused a strong ward of three hundred men to be kept on the bridge till eight of the clocke at night and then for their reléefe entred the watch of other thrée hundred so that the bridge was thus garded both daie and night with thrée hundred men in armor It troubled Wiat and all his companie verie sore to sée that London did so stiffelie stand and hold out against them for in the assistance which they looked to haue had of that citie all their hope of prosperous spéed consisted But now that they saw themselues greatlie disappointed therein they meant yet to set all on a hazard And so the sixt of Februarie being Shrouetuesdaie afore six of the clocke in the morning they departed out of Southworke marching directlie towards Kingstone ten miles distant from London standing vpon the Thames where they arriued about foure of the clocke in the after noone and finding thirtie foot or thereabout of the bridge taken awaie sauing the posts that were left standing Wiat practised with two mariners to swim ouer and to conueie a barge line 10 to him which the mariners through great promises of preferment accordinglie did wherein Wiat and certeine with him were conueied ouer who in the meane time that the number of soldiors baited in the towne caused the bridge to be repared with ladders planks and beames the same being tied togither with ropes and boords so as by ten of the clocke in the night it was in such plight that both his ordinance and companies of men might passe ouer without perill And so about eleuen of the clocke in the line 20 same night Wiat with his armie passing ouer the bridge without either resistance or perill before it could be once knowne at the court marched toward London meaning as some haue written to haue bin at the court gate before daie that morning Neuertheles before he came within six miles of the citie staieng for a péece of his great artillerie which was dismounted by the waie his comming was discouered before daie wherby the erle of Penbroke generall of the quéenes armie was with his men in good line 30 order of battell in S. Iames field beside Westminster two or thrée houres yer Wiat could rech thither The earle hauing vnderstanding by his espials what waie Wiat would march placed his armie in this order First in a field on the west side of saint Iames were all his men of armes and demilances ouer against whome in the lane next to the parke were placed all the light horssemen All which bands of horssemen were vnder the charge of the lord Clinton being marshall of the field The great artillerie line 40 was planted in the middest and highest place of the causeie next to the house of saint Iames with certeine field peeces lieng on the flanke of ech battell After that both the armies were in sight and that the great artillerie began to thunder from either side without harme as it happened to either of both Wiat perceiuing that he could not come vp the fore right waie without great disaduantage when he was come to the parke corner he leauing the causeie swarued and tooke the nether waie towards line 50 saint Iames. Which being perceiued by the quéenes horssemen who laie on either side of him they gaue a sudden charge and diuided his battell asunder hard behind Wiats ensignes whereby so manie as were not passed before with Wiat were forced to flie backe towards Brainford and certeine of his companie which escaped the charge passed by the backeside of saint Iames towards Westminster and from thense to the court and finding the gates shut against them staid there a while and shot off manie line 60 arrowes into the windowes and ouer into the garden neuerthelesse without anie hurt there that was knowne Wherevpon the said rebels ouer whom one Kneuet was capteine perceiuing themselues to be too few to doo anie great feat there departed from thense to follow Wiat who was gone before toward London and being on their waie at Charing-crosse were there incountered by sir Henrie Ierningham capteine of the queenes gard sir Edward Braie master of the ordinance and sir Philip Paris knights which were sent by the order of the earle of Penbroke with a band of archers and certeine field péeces for the rescue of the court who incountered the said rebels at Charingcrosse aforesaid after they had dischaged their field péeces vpon them ioined with those rebels halfe armed and halfe vnarmed at the push of the pike verie soone dispersed their power whereof some fled into the lane toward saint Giles some on the other side by a brewhouse towards the Thames In this conflict which was the chiefe triall of that daie there was not found slaine to the number of twentie of those rebels Which happened by reason that vpon their ioining with the quéens soldiors the one part could not be discerned from the other but onelie by the mire and dur◠taken by the waie which stacke vpon their garments comming in the night wherefore the crie on the quéenes part that daie was Downe with the daggle tailes But now to returne to Wiat of whome ye heard before who being come to the parke corner and perceiuing the perill apparant if he should haue marched straight vpon the earls battels which were ranged on either side of the causeie did therefore politikelie turne from the great causeie marching along the wall of the house of saint Iames towards London which could not haue béene without his no little losse of manie of his traine if those that had the charge on that side the field had béene as forward in seruice as the earle with his battell and the horssemen before shewed themselues to be Neuerthelesse Wiat following his purposed enterprise which was to haue entered into London where he hoped of great aid marched on with the small companie that was left him as far as a common inne called the Bell sauage néere to Ludgate beléeuing to haue found some readie there to haue receiued him wherin his hope was much deceiued finding the said gate fast shut and stronglie garded with a number as well of most honest citizens as
the riuer of Tiuet rasing burning and spoiling the castels piles stone houses townes and villages alongst that riuer vntill they came to Iedworth where they lodged for that night and were of the magistrats of that towne courteouslie receiued line 10 who had made indifferent good prouision for the armie both of vittels for men and of haie and prouender for horsses Wherevpon proclamation was publikelie made in the name of the lord lieutenant that no Englishman vpon paine of death should disturbe or wrongfullie take awaie anie thing from anie of the inhabitants of the same towne without disbursing readie monie therefore Which thing did so much content the Scots that the next daie the lard line 20 of Sesford warden of the middle marches of Scotland with all the principals of his alies and kinred came in to the lord lieutenant submitting themselues to him and were receiued into assurance for that neither he nor anie of them had at anie time receiued the English rebels neither aided nor assisted them neither yet made anie inuasion into England And whereas some of their men and tenants without their knowledge had trespassed in such behalfe they were contented to abide and stand vnto the erle of Sussex his order for their said men and tenants line 30 And herevpon neither they nor anie of theirs receiued anie hurt but by his lordships commandement were preserued from susteining anie damage either in bodie or goods so glad he was of their submission and no lesse glad to giue them occasion to be carefull in performance of obedience Unto which compassion God no doubt had inclined the noble mans hart according to the poet words in this sense verie true mollia pectora reddit line 40 Ad pietatis opus flammis vt cera liquescens In varias formas fictoris ducitur arte The nineteenth daie the armie was diuided into two seuerall parts whereof one passing ouer the riuer of Tiuet burned the castell of Ferniherst vtterlie spoiling the same and all other castels townes that belonged to the lards of Ferniherst Hunthill and Bedroll and so passed to Minto where both the armies méeting ioined togither againe being not past a foure miles from Howike whither they marched line 50 directlie intending to lodge there that night bicause the bailiffes of the towne had offered to receiue the whole armie and to make prouision for the soldiours of all things necessarie they paieng readie monie for the same and the inhabitants to be assured not to be hurt in bodie or goods as was promised But the Scots breaking the couenant before the comming thither of the armie had vncouered their houses carried the thatch into the streets and there set it on fire and this doone they fled their waies with line 60 most part of their goods So that when the armie approched there was such a thicke smoke that no man might scarselie enter the towne and so for that night the soldiours suffered great lacke of vittels lodging and prouision as well for themselues as their horsses But the fire which the Scots had of a malicious purpose and subtiltie thus begun was by the diligent industrie of the Englishmen so increased that both the thatch and timber of the whole towne was consumed to ashes a stone house perteining to the lard of Drumlanerike onlie excepted wherein the lord lieutenant laie that night And bicause the said Drumlanerike was a friend assured the said house was spared with all the goods and corne therein whereof there was great plentie The twentith of Aprill the armie marched toward a faire proper house belonging to the lard of Buclewgh which was blowne vp with powder and vtterlie ruinated Here the armie was againe diuided as before by the said lord lieutenant his appointment and marching by north the riuer of Tiuet towards England they burnt and spoiled all such castels piles townes and villages as were belonging to the said lards of Ferniherst and Buclewgh their kinsmen alies and adherents came that night againe to Iedworth and there lodged The one and twentith of Aprill the armie diuiding it selfe againe the one part vnder the leading of the marshall sir William Drurie passed to the riuer of Bowbent and there Tiuidale and Riddesdale men meeting him all on both sides that riuer was burnt and spoiled The other part of the armie marching by the riuer of Caile wasted and burnt in like maner there all that was found on both sides that riuer belonging wholie to the lard of Buclewgh his kinsmen alies and adherents This doone they returned againe néere to Kelseie where the lord lieutenant lodged for that night meaning to haue besieged Hume castell For the accomplishment whereof the same night the lord of Hunnesdon and his companie went to Warke to bring from thence the daie next following the great artillerie But bicause the cariage horsses were returned to Barwike this could not be brought to passe so the lord lieutenant with the whole armie returning into England the two twentith of Aprill came that night to Barwike In this iourneie there were rased ouerthrowne and spoiled aboue fiftie castels and piles and more than three hundred townes and villages so that there were verie few in Tiuidale and those parties there abouts which had either receiued the English rebels or by inuasion indamaged the English borders and good subiects inhabiting vpon the same that had left to them either castell pile or house for themselues their freends or tenants beside the great losse of goods which were wasted taken awaie or consumed by this armie vnder the lord lieutenant Now in the meane while that he with his power thus afflicted the aduersaries on that side the lord Scroope warden of the west marches the eightéenth of Aprill entered Scotland on that side with such forces as he had assembled And the first night they incamped at Eglesham and in the morning at the dislodging of the campe that towne was burnt and passing forward through the countrie they burnt and spoiled diuerse other townes almost till they came to Dunfrise and had diuerse conflicts with the enimies gaue them sundrie ouerthrowes tooke manie of them prisoners And hauing accomplished his purpose to his high praise and commendation his lordship returned in safetie with his people into England hauing burnt in that iourneie these places following Hoddon Trailebrow old Cockpoole Sherington Blackeshaw Banke end Rowell Logher wood Bride kirke and others During these inuasions thus made into Scotland in that season the marches of England were so stronglie garded in all places by the lord Euers sir George Bowes and others that the Scots durst not so much as once offer to make anie inuasion so that in absence of the armies there was not so much as an house burnt or a cow driuen out of the English borders The six and twentith of Aprill the earle of Sussex lord lieutenant accompanied with the foresaid lord of
answer the lord lieutenant thought good to send the said master Drurie vnto the place appointed who comming thither met with the said lord Hume And after they had debated the matter togither at length the lord Hume was contented that the castell should be surrendered into the hands of the lord lieutenant with condition that his people therein might depart with life which the lord lieutenant was contented to grant so that there weâ—â— nâ— English men among them Héerevpon about eight of the clocke in the euening the gates were opened and the keies deliuered to the marshall who presented them to the lord lieutenant and then the lord Hunnesdon the said marshall and diuerse other gentlemen entered into the castell and by by tooke possession thereof in the quéene of Englands name pulled downe their banner of defiance and in place thereof set vp the English banners against all those in Scotland that would saie the contrarie The Scots that were within it being in number an hundred thrée score and eight persons were put out in their common wearing apparell without armour weapon or anie baggage They comming to the lord lieutenant that was then at the place of the batterie on horssebacke presented themselues to line 10 him who according to his word and promise of honour caused them to be safelie conducted through the watch and scouts to such place as they required Amongst them there were two Englishmen the one of them named Hilliard the earle of Northumberlands man the other was a vagarant person or a roge as we may call him named William God saue hir alià s Lions which both were caried to Barwike there executed the thirtéenth of Maie next insuing In all this siege there were but foure line 20 persons slaine on both parts two Scots two Englishmen but there were manie hurt as well on the one part as the other The castell of Hume being thus woone the lord lieutenant the morow after placed therein to kéepe the house to the quéenes maiesties vse capteine Wood and capteine Pikman with two hundred souldiours This doone his lordship returned towards England and came to Barwike During this siege there were diuerse townes and villages situate within thrée or foure miles of the campe set line 30 on fire by the Englishmen and vtterlie spoiled The lord lieutenant vpon his returne to Barwike staied there for a time verie euill at ease hauing in trauell about the siege taken such cold as therewith he was brought into an extreame ague The fourth of Maie his lordship sent maister William Drurie the marshall of Barwike accompanied with diuerse gentlemen and capteins hauing with them about two thousand souldiours to take Fast castell the which vpon the first summons line 40 was deliuered into his hands who receiuing the keies being presented to him entered the hold and tooke possession thereof in the queenes maiesties name and expelling the Scots being about the number of halfe a score who according to couenant were suffered to depart with their liues saued he put ten or as some haue fouretéene Englishmen into that castell which were thought able and number sufficient enough to kéepe it against all the power of Scotland the situation thereof is so strong In this meane time the troubles increasing among line 50 the Scots by reason of the murther committed in the person of the earle of Murreie the late gouernour the duke of Chatellerault and other his partakers gathered a power of thrée thousand men and comming to Lithquo midwaie betwixt Sterling and Edenburgh remained there for a time and afterwards came to Edenburgh in purpose to make warre against the lords of the kings part who hauing sent to the earle of Lennox then remaining in England earnestlie requested him to repaire line 60 into Scotland Wherevpon he by the queenes maiesties licence tooke his iourneie thitherwards and came to Barwike where he was also visited with sickenesse and so remained certeine daies in that towne And vnderstanding that the said duke of Chatelleraults power was such that the lords of the kings side were not able to come togither nor he to go to them without the quéene of Englands aid he humblie sued vnto hir maiestie by letters to haue some power by hir appointment to conduct him into Scotland and there to aid him and the other lords of that side against their aduersaries the duke and his complices Héerevpon by hir maiesties commandement the earle of Sussex as yet not fullie recouered of his sicknesse ordeined master William Drurie the marshall of Barwike with such forces as were thought conuenient to go with the said earle of Lennox for the execution of such exploits in seruice as séemed most expedient And about the same time to wit the sixt of Maie the lord Scroope lord warden of the west marches made a rode into Scotland incamping the first night on the hither side of the water of Annan and the next daie marched towards the water of Milke burning and spoiling all on that side of Annandale namelie the lard Iohnsons lands finding small resistance sauing that the forreie was a little troubled with a fortie or fiftie Scots horssemen and so hauing doone his pleasure he quietlie returned without receiuing other impeachment notwithstanding the lord Herries was in Dunsrise hauing gathered a great power in purpose to hinder his enterprise But now to returne to the earle of Sussex who hauing instituted sir William Drurie generall of those bands that should passe with the earle of Lennox into Scotland bicause each gentleman souldior and seuerall bands should dutifullie obeie the said sir William their new ordeined generall in all points of warlike order the said earle made an oration in such pithie forme and manner as throughlie expressed the whole substance of the seruice the vnsuertie of the season the strange and malicious dealing of diuerse aduersaries which points he so cunninglie handled as the excellencie of a perfect orator appeared fullie in his speach At whose eloquence the herers rather séemed astonied than vnsatisfied in anie point or parcell of those matters for he opened the verie bowels of rebellion the practises of enimies and suborning of traitors and therefore persuaded euerie honest mind to haue a dutifull consideration of his prince and countrie in the defense and libertie whereof both life lands and goods are alwaies to be offered After which oration in respect of further aduancement as the custome is for seruice past and incouragement to procéed in the like worthie dooings he made these knights Sir William Drurie sir Thomas Manners sir George Careie and sir Robert Constable and placing the said sir William Drurie the appointed generall in full authoritie he committed them to God and the good conduct of their chéefeteine Now hauing heard the lord lieutenant thus speake and séeing the means that he vsed to incourage them against the enimie how could they one with another but vow in mind euen with the hazzard
to the lords 507 a 60. His coronation proclamed by the name of Henrie the fourth 507 b 10 30. Inuaded Scotland with an armie 445 b 10. Appeached of treason 445 b 40. His decease 395 b 10 496 a 20. ¶ Sée Edmund Duke of Normandie commeth downe into Britaine 364 b 10 Duke of Northfolke in armes against Wiat ariueth at Stroud 1094 b 50. He with the capteine of the gard put to their shifts 1095 a 10. He and Suffolke elected into the order of S. Michaell 929 a 10. Ambassador into France 950 a 50. Henrie the eights lieutenant 942 b 60. Cōmeth with a power against the rebels in Suffolke 891 b 40. He the earle of Surrie on Richard the thirds side 755 b 20. His constancie allegiance to Richard third he is slaine 759 b 10. Accused of treson 493 b 20. Obiections against him 494 a 30. Committed to the Towre atteinted and the atteindor reuersed 976 b 10 50. Deceaseth 514 a 60 b 10 891 a 60 1121 b 30. Inuested into the order of S. Michaell 1209 a 20 Sent to the Towre 1211 b 60. Remoued from the Towre to the Charterhouse 1222 a 20. Cōmitted to the Towre 1226 b 30. Arreigned condemned and iudged 1227 b 60. Beheaded forren nations write therof his attire behauior spéech at his execution note 1229 a 50 60 b 10 c 1230 Duke of Northumberlands enterprise against the ladie Marie incouraged 1085 b 50 60. His words to the lords of the councell about quéene Iane who adhered vnto him he setteth forward with all speed 1086 a 10 c b 10 20. Writeth for more succours 1087 a 30. His sons released out of the Towre 1127 a 10. Arrested by the earle of Arundell and committed to the Towre with his adherents 1088 a 60 b 30. Arreigned his request to vnderstand the opinion of the court in two points 1089 b 40 50 His foure requests after his iudgment to die he with others are executed at Towre hill 1090 a 10 50 Duke of Orleance partaker with the duke of Britaine against the French king 768 b 10. How long prisoner in England his ransome and release 618 b 20 50. Chalenge 524 b 60 He besieged Uergi in Guien 525 a 20. Besiegeth townes in Gascoigne 533 a 50. Commeth to the English armie 540 b 30. Murthered 537 a 60 Duke Richard his singular dissimulation 731 b 10. He speaketh otherwise than he meaneth 731 b 20. His electiō hard to be preferred 730 b 20. Preferred at last by voices of confederacie 730 b 60. Adiured by bishop Morton their conference he openeth himselfe and his secrets to the bishop complaineth of lacke of preferment in K. Edwards daies 738 all His title to the crowne with the office and dignitie of a king he is commended to the people as worthie and sufficient 730 a 20 30. ¶ Sée Duke of Glocester and Richard Duke of Richmond a martialist or warrior Henrie the eights base sonne 929 a 10. Henrie Fitzroie Henrie the eights base sonne deceasseth 941 a 10 Duke of Saxonie in disfauour and exile 105 b 60. Commeth into England his goodlie stature 212 b 40. Pardoned and reuoked out of exile 108 a 10 Duke of Suffolke created 627 b 30. Winneth the goodwill of the quéen Dowager of France 836 b 10. They married togither b 30. Entreth France with an armie 879 a 50. Breaketh vp his armie commeth to Calis 881 a 40. Chiualrie valiant seruice in France he knighteth diuerse gentlemen 879 b 60 880 all Hope hindered by cardinall Woolfeie 839 a 60. And others sent into France to fetch the French quéene into England 836. a 50. Incountereth with a strong and tall Almaine 833 b 60. He foileth the Almaine 834 a 10. Deceasseth his iust commendation 969 b 30. The commons exclaime against him 631 a 10 20 40. Committed to the Towre his wretched dèth 632 a 10 50. He with others brought to the Towre 1099 a b 10. Committed to the Towre and released 1088 b 40. Goeth downe into Leicestershire is a fauourer and furtherer of Wiats practises he is kept out of Couentrie apprehended 1095 a 40 60 b 10. Arreigned condemned beheaded 1100 b 20 40 50. What words he spake to the people at his death b 60. Duke of Summerset made regent of Normandie and the duke of Yorke discharged 625 b 30. Made capteine of Calis 650 b 60. His valiantnesse 619 a 30. Reuolteth from Edward the fourth taken beheaded 666 a 40 c b 20 c. Made lord protector 979 a 40 50. His returne from Scotland 992 a 60. Not desirous of slaughter 988 b 20. With his power against Scotland 980 a 30 c b 30. Sendeth an herald to summon a castell 981 a 10 20. Answer to a Scotish herald at armes 983 b 60. His diligence to further the fortification to Rockesburgh 991 b 10. His statelie stile with his epistle exhortatiue sent to the Scotish nobles c 998 b 10 c. He the earle of Warwike outwardlie fréends 1062 a 50. And others submit themselues to Edward the fourth 665 b 60. Againe apprehended and committed to the Towre 1066 b 60 Charged sir Peter Carew with the rebellion 1022 b 30. He and the earle of Deuonshire comfort quéene Margaret 685 b 60. Politiké puissant 687 b 60. More hardie than wise 687 b 60 688 a 10 c. Striketh out the lord Wenlocks brains 688 a 50. His infortunatnesse 615 b 60. Arested 642 a 20. Set at libertie made deputie of Calis 40 50. Accuseth the earle of Yorke of high treason 639 a 50. Burthened with all things that happened amisse 643 a 40. He is slain b 10. His displacing out of his protectorships consulted on remoueth in hast with K. Edward sixt to Windsore his letter to the lord priuie seale 1057 a 20 50 60. His letters to the lords 1058 a 30. A proclamation with articles against him b 20 30 c. Prisoner conmitted to the Towre articles obiected against him 1059 b 10 30 40 1060 a 10 c. Released restored 1060 b 10 20. Deliuered out of the Towre 1062 a 50. Arreigned both of fellonie treason condemend of fellonie people murmur at his condemnation deliuerd to be executed his behauior at his death 1067 a 10 30 40 50 b 40 60. His words at his death a sudden noise feare among the people assembled 1068 a 10 c 50 b 19 1069 a 60. Described b 10. Beheaded 688 b 60 Duke of Surrie marshall of England 493 b 50 Duke of Yorke lieutenant generall of England 497 a 10. Misliketh the court goeth home 496 a 60. Noted for crueltie what maner of man he was his end 712 a 10 20. Plantagenet afterwards Richard third 595 b 40. Made regent of France enuied of duke of Summerset 612 b 10 617 b 10 619 a 30. Appointed againe to be regent of Normandie 625 b 50. A persecuting enimie to the duke of Summerset note 630 b 20. Assembleth an armie his
rich araie at a iusts 858 a 50 â—0 b 50. His and his partners attire at a chalenge 859 a 60. His furniture and deuise vpon his ornaments 860 a 40. Afflicted â—ith forren power on all sides 965 a 30 c. An enimie to all christian princes his power againts king Henrie the eight and the emperor he retireth backe with his armie 960. His children deliuered when the ransome of their father was paid 914 a 20 40. His sitting in his roialties with his great estates about him c with an oration made to the assemblie 904 a 30 40 c b 40. His oration before an honorable assemblie at Paris wholie concerning the emperor and sauoring of malcontentment 902 b 60. A writing from him directed to the emperor 903 b 20. Receiueth the order of the garter 898 b 20. With the viceroie inbarked not a little glad of his libertie not verie hastie to ratifie the accord complaineth of the emperor to the popes ambassadors 890 a 30 50 b 10 30 50. His roialtie restreined 889 a 20. The manner of his deliuerie out of prison 990 a 10. Taken prisoner whie he desired to sight in plaine field the manner how he was vanquished and taken 884 a 40 60 b 30 50. Led prisoner to the rocke of Pasqueton his letter to his mother the regent of France 885 a 50 b 30. Marrieth the emperor Charles his sister 889 b 40. Led prisoner into Spaine extremelie sicke in the castell of Madrill 887 a 50 b 60. Indurance is visited by the emperor his sister the ladie Alanson treateth for him he is carefull ouer the crowne of France a treatie touching his deliuerie 888 a 20 50 60 b 20. He and king Henrie the eight at variance note 872 a 60 b 10 c. Attacheth the Englishmens goods in Burdeaux 872 b 40. He the Spanish begin to aspire to the empire in hope to be emperor as well as the Spanish builded his hope vpon the humors of the princes of Germanie resteth vpon the fauour of the pope 851 a 40 b 10 c His toiesh and light behauiour abrode note 850 a 10 c Deceaseth the variablenesse of his fortune 835 b 60 836 a 10. Procureth the pope to be a meane to Henrie the eight for peace 831 b 50. Hath his hands full of troble 812 b 40. Writeth to cardinall Woolseie 848 a 20. Prepareth an armie in aid of the Scots 993 a 60 b 10 c Purposeth to surprise Gernseie and Ierdseie but is repelled ashamed that anie report should passe of his euill successe perseuereth in his former martiall action 1055 b 30 50 60. The causes that made him to breake vp his campe b 30. Procéedeth against prince Edward in iudgement of appeale 402 a 20. Sent to defie the king of England the countie of Ponthieu taken by him 402 b 10. Prepareth a nauie 403 b 20. Deceaseth 396 a 60 Frenchmen fall to spoiling and rifling of Calis 1136 a 10 c Netled with the losse of saint Quintines they take Newnam bridge and Rie banke disappoint the Englishmens deuise they demand a parlée 1135 a 10 50 b 10 30 60. Shew themselues in their kinds 192 b 30. In king Iohns time ouerrun take spoile and subdue diuers places of England 192 193. Sent ouer to aid the rebellious barons 190 b 10. Uncommanded of the king assalt Rouen 93 a 60. They Normans fight 60 b 50. Doo much hurt in Wales burne townes are slaine returne home 531 a 30 c Their demand of the I le of Wight 524 b 40. Inuade the I le of Wight 524 a 60. Demand a dower for quéene Isabell 519 a 60. Their practises to make the English reuolt from their owne king 517 b 60. Breake the law of armes 1204 b 50. Spoile diuers English ships 1195 a 60 Gather cockles to their losse and undooing 1192 a 20 50. Their policie in womens apparell note 1188 b 40 50. Repelled by the English 1188 a 50 numbers slaine 60. Driuen into Leith b 10. Win a trench 50. Repelled some slaine 60. A trench woone from them 1190 b 10. Repelled by the English 50. Sent into Scotland to aid the quéene Dowager 1186 b 40. Ships taken by the Englishmen 445 a 10. Burne the towne of Rie 417 b 50. Spoile the I le of Wight burne Portsmouth Dartmouth and Plimmouth 417 b 60. Their gallies chased from the English costes and vanquished 427 a 20. They Spaniards burne and destroie diuerse townes on the English costes note 427 a 40 50 c Uittell the English for feare note 426 b 20. Spoile and burne diuerse townes in the west countrie 425 b 40. Their admeral persuadeth the Scots to fight with the English 447 b 20. Subtiltie 480 b 20. Fléet setting forward towards England is driuen backe by contrarie winds 454 a 10. Purpose an inuasion of England with their ships 451 a 20. Foure hundred slaine besides diuerse taken 304 b 50. Their bloudie victorie 294 b 10. Slaine handsmooth by the English 295 a 60. Rob Douer chased to their ships discomfited and slaine 295 b 10 Forced to retire by the English 296 a 60. Die thorow pestilence other waies 230 a 60. Their spite toward the English 241 b 60. Taken at aduantage 207 b 10. Put to flight at Lincolne 200 a 60. Their souldiors in a poore estate 199 b 40. Their pride procureth them hatred 198 a 10. Fléet assailed and vanquished 201 a 50 60. Meant not to fight with the English 408 b 30. Prosperous successe in Poictou 407 b 30. Withdraw themselues into their fortresses and shire townes 405 a 60. Take the king of Nauarre 398 a 40. And English skirmish the French flie submit themselues 387 a 60 b 10 30. Distressed the ordering of their battell 388 a 10 40. Séeke to saue themselues by flight 389 b 30. Forsake their horsses and fight on foot 379 a 50 60. Slaine the daie after the battell 373 a 30. Discomfited and slaine 369 a 60. Slaine in great numbers 372 b 50. Loose the passage ouer the water of Some disorder amongest them 371 a 20 b 50. Distressed and discomfited 368 b 40. Their armie discomfited by a few English 364 a 50. Set vpon the Flemings in skirmish 359 b 30. Inuade the costes of England 355 a 50. Discomfited 554 b 10 10. Incountred by the earle of Huntington 558 b 50 c. Repelled 996 a 10. Harts discouraged with the losse of Rone 568 b 60. Their voluntarie subiection they yéeld diuerse castels and townes 561 a 30. Receiued a great ouerthrow by sea by the duke of Bedford their nauie vanquished 557 a 40. Rob Henrie the fifts campe 554 b 50. The order of their armie 553 a 10. Six to one of the English a 30. Take occasion to inuade the English 645 b 20. Soone wearie of the French gouernement 639 b 20. Discomfited flie note 619 a 20. Ouerthrowne slaine taken prisoners and slaine 608 a 60. Breake the peace and take the
Hugh 〈◊〉 esquire 〈◊〉 ouer to the 〈◊〉 of Richâ—â—â—â— to informe 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 preferment Tho. Rame sent ouer for the same purpose for feare of interceptioâ— The earle of Richmond maketh the duke of Britaine priuie to the matter Hugh CoÌ„wey and Thomas Rame returnâ— into England and deliueâ— their answer Preparation to bring in receiue 〈◊〉 the earle to the kingdomâ— â— Richards â—urpose in the 〈◊〉 of coniuâ—aâ—ion against 〈◊〉 The duke of Buckingham conspireth against king Richard The duke of Buckingham â— professed enimie to king Richard K. Richards 〈◊〉 in the disposing of his armie The duke of BuckinghaÌ„s power of wild Welshmen falseharted doo â—aile him A sore floud or high water dooing much harme called the duke of BuckinghaÌ„s great water The dukes adherents their powers dispersed A proclamaâ—â—oâ— for the aâ—prehension of the duke of BuckinghaÌ„ with large rewâ—rds to the apprehendor K. Richard sendeth foorth a name to â—câ—wre the sea ouer against Britaine Humfrie Banaster seruant vnto the duke of Buckingham betraied his maister Gods secret â—â—â—gementâ— vpon Banaster and his children after thâ— duke was apprehended The duke of Buckinghâ—â— beheaded with out arreigâ—â—â—â— or iudgemeâ—â— Gu. â—la The earle oâ— Richmonds preparation of ships and souldiers to the sea His ships disparkled by tempest He séeth all the sea banâ—â— furnished 〈◊〉 souldiers 〈◊〉 sendeth to â—now wheâ—her they â—â—re with 〈◊〉 or aâ—ainst him A forged tale â—o intrap the earles messengers The earle arriueth in Normandie passeth by land into Britaine againe Charles the â— of France his beneuolence to the earle of Richmond The earle lamenteth and reioiseth The English lords giue faith and promise either to other The earle of Richmond sweareth to marrie Elizabeth daughter to Edward the fourth after possession of the crowne Diuerse of thâ— earle of Richmonds faction apprehended and executed Abr. Flem Iohn Hooker alià s Vowel K. Richard commeth to Excester and is receiued with presents A prophesie the memorie whereof did appall the kings spirits Lord Scroope by the kings commission kept a session against diuerse indicted of high treson More than fiue hundred indicted whereof some escaped and some were executed The earle of RichmoÌ„d atteinted in parlement and all other that fled ouer sea to take his part Anno Reg. 2. King Richard chargeth the lord Stanleie to kéepe his wife in some secret place from dealing against him Collingborne executed Collingborne indictment Collingboâ—â—â— a fauourer 〈◊〉 the earle of Richmond Collingborne purpose to 〈◊〉 the erle aâ— his arriuall at Pole in Dorsetshire Collingborne indicted to be a libeller against king Richard Sée Scotland pag. 284 285. A truce betwixt England Scotland with a trâ—atie of aliance Iohn earle of Lincolne proâ—â—amed heire apparant to the crowne A marriage concluded betwixt the prince of Rothsaâ—e the duke of Suffolkes daughter King Richard attempteth the duke of Bâ—â—taine to delâ—uer the earle of Richmond into his hâ—â—â—s A great temptation with large offers Peter Landoise is mooued by the ambassadors of king Richard in their sute Note what loue of lucre or gréedie gaping after rewards dooth Sée page 701. Abr. Fl. Bishop Morton preuenteth defeateth the practises of king Richard and Peter Landoise The earle of Penbroke coÌ„ductor of the earle of Richmonds companie The earles small traine for a policie The earle apparelled like a page atteÌ„deth vpoÌ„ one of his men as his maister Peâ—er Landoise his expectation disappointed by the priuie and vnknowne departing of the earle The duke of Britains 〈◊〉 to the earle of Richmond the care of 〈◊〉 safetie Edw. Wooduile Edward Poinings receiue monie 〈◊〉 the duke for the earles conduâ—â— and his coâ—panie The earle of Richmond goeth to the French king and telleth him the cause of his coÌ„ming Abr. Fl. ex Guâ—â— page 13. Sir Iohn Uere earle of Oxford getteth out of prison he with others go to the earle of Richmond Abr Fl. ex I.S. pâ—g 733. The earle of Oxford leuieth a power and commeth into England Shiriffe Bodringham besiegeth the mount that the earle had taken The name of Fortescue wherevpon it grew Deuises to withdraw the earles power from him The earle of Oxford submitteth himselfe yéeldeth the castell into the kings hands Diuers English 〈◊〉 voluntarilie submit themselues to the earle of Richmond in France K. Richards deuise to infringe and defeat the earle of RichmoÌ„ds purpose A subtill and lâ—wo practise of king Richard to beguile the earle of Richmond The inconstancie of Q. Elizabeth Quéene Elizabeth allureth hir sonne the marquesâ—e Dorset home out of France A loâ—ged coÌ„plaine of king Richard against his wiâ—â— tâ— be rid of hâ—r A rumor spred abroad oâ— the quâ—enes death aâ— the procurement of king Richard The quéene 〈◊〉 to king Richard the third suddenâ—â—â— dead K Richard caâ—â—eth his 〈◊〉 on his â—éece purposing â—o maâ—â— hir Hom. Odyss lib. 19. What noble men K. Richard most mistrusted 1485 Anno Reg. 3. The castell of Hammes deliuered vnto the earle of Richmond Thomas Brandon entereth the castell Why king Richard gaue licence to all in the castell to depart in safetie with bag and baggage K. Richard calleth home his ships of warre from the narrow seas The vse of beacons in countries néere the sea coasts Dissention among the péeres of France made the earle of Richmond renew his sute and put him to his shifts The marqueâ— Dorset forsaketh the earle The earle of Richmâ—nd hath 〈◊〉 monie of the French king for hostages The earle is greeued at 〈◊〉 newes of king Richards intended mariage with his neéce Sir Walter Herbert A mariage purposed 〈◊〉 disappointed The Welshmen offer to aid the earle oâ— Richmond The earle arriueth at Milford hauen A false rumor of ill newes The earle of Richmonds power made stronger by accesse of confederats The erle sendeth secret word to his mother and other his fréends that he meant a direct passage to London their conference Rice ap Thomas sweareth fealtie and seruice to the earle of Richmond The lord Stanleies deuise to auoid suspicion of K. Richard and to saue his sonnes life K. Richard contemneth the earle and his power Ouid. The king sendeth to his friends for a chosen power of men The earle 〈◊〉 incamped at Lichfield The ordering of king Richards armâ—â— The earle of Richmond remoueth his power to Tamworth A strange chance that happened to the earle of Richmond The earle of Richmond put to 〈◊〉 shift Tâ—e lord Stanleie the earle of Richmond others 〈◊〉 embrace and consult The principals of K. Richards power 〈◊〉 from him The â—reame 〈◊〉 king Richard the third foretelling him of his end King Richard bringeth all his men into the plaine The duke of Norffolke and the earle of Surrie on K. Richards side The lord Stanleie refuseth to set the earles men in battell raie The earle setteth his men in order and appointeth chéefteins King Richard iustifieth himselfe and his gouernement He speaketh opprobriouslie of the earle of Richmond The K. wouâ—
force The lord Euers brought a power of horssemen from the borders Knights created at Lith by the earle of Hertford Lith burnt The lord Seaton Haddington burnt Dunbar burnt The end of the voiage Townes burnt in the same voiage Sée more heereof in Scotland Abr. Fl. ex I. Stow. 1029. Base monie coined Irish in warlike manner passe through the citie Procession in English An armie leuied to inuade France Thrée battels apointed with their seuerall lieutenants The duke of Norffolke the lord priuie seale The countie de Buren Monsieur de Biez The duke of Suffolke Bullongne besieged The king passeth the seas to Bullongne Bullongne assaulted Bullongne deliuered The number of them that went fort◠〈◊〉 Bullongne The king 〈◊〉 into Bulâ—ongne The king retâ—rneth into England The emperor câ—ncludeth a peace with the french king The number of the men of war in Muttrell A mount raised Sir Francis Brian Tiberio that alter serued the king of England Negligence of Englishmen for not putting their valiant dooings in writing A stratagem of the lord Mountioie A politike feat atchiued by the lord Mountioie The lord Mountioie a noble yoong gentleman The English archers gall the French horssemen Saint Requiers burnt by the Englishmen Rieu sacked The siege 〈◊〉 Muttrell broken vp The Dolphin commeth before Bullongne with his great power A camisado 〈◊〉 to base Bullongne â—n euerthrow giuen to the French 〈…〉 Bullongne Monsieur de Biez coÌ„meth before Bullongne with an armie The Frenchmen dislodge out of their 〈◊〉 The comfortable words of the English capteins The English horssemen charge the French battels The valiant order of monsieur de Biez The lord admerall his redie coÌ„ceiuing the meaning of the enimies Hardilo sands Artillerie gained Iohn Stow. Great priâ—es of French goods taken by the Westerne ships Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 1030. Sir William Roch sent to the Fléet Execution for false accusation The discomfiture gotten by the Scots at Halidon rig The valiant sir Rafe Euers slaine Read alderman of London prisoner Anno Reg. 〈◊〉 Rich. 〈◊〉 Anne Askeâ— and others arreigned and acquited Thomas Daie pewterer Martin de Bellaie The new fort before Bullogne I. S. pag. 1031. Hailestones figured like mens heads The English fléet commeth before Newhauen The French 〈◊〉 landeth in the I le of Wight The Frenchmen land in Sussex The Marie Rose drowned by negligence Frenchmen distressed in the I le of Wight The number 〈◊〉 the French 〈◊〉 The earle of Hertford foâ—raâ—â—th the middle marches of Scotland The Londoners set foorth a power into France The death of the valiant lord Poinings The death of the duke of Suffolke His iust commendation Monsieur de Lorges sent into Scotland with certeine French bands The earle of Hertford inuadeth Scotland Ouerthrowes on both sides betwixt the English and Scots Tâ—eporte oppidum Galliae maritimum à Iohanne Dudleio praefecto regiae clasâ—is diripitur flammis absumitur Martin de Bellaie seigneur Langeie in his memoâ—res Monsieur de Biez forraâ—eth the English pale about Calis Martin de Bellaie â— parlement â— sâ—bsidie 〈◊〉 The kings thanks to his commons The kings promises for the well disposing of chantries and colleges Charitie and concord in common-wealths be things most necessarie but in matters of religion charitie and concord is not enough without veritie and true worship of God The Reingraue The English men put to flight The barke Ager an English ship recouered The Stues suppressed Ab. Fl. ex I.S. William Foxleie slept more than fouretéene daies and as manie nights without waking Anno Reg. 38. Hamble Thew 〈◊〉 by the Englishmen â— French 〈◊〉 taken â— mutinie in 〈◊〉 English 〈◊〉 A great skirmish A peace concluded and proclamed I. Stow pag. 1033. Iohn Fox in Acts Monuments D. Crome râ—â—canteth at Paules crosse Abr. Fle. 〈◊〉 manuscripâ—oaâ— Henr. Tenant tradito line 60 Henrie Tenant A combat betwéene Iulian Romerou and Morow The death of sir Henrie Kneuet The lord 〈…〉 went into France to 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 kings 〈◊〉 An ambassage 〈◊〉 of France The kings â—â—ips that laie the riuer betwixt Graâ—â—send Detâ—â—â—d shot off â—â—stilie likewise the French gallâ—â—s â—alsed them againe The French admerall receiued by 〈◊〉 Edward The admerall of France receiueth an oth His gifts that he had of the king others The lord Greie of Wilton Sir Thomas Palmer King Henries message to the lord Greie by sir Thomas Palmer Chattilons garden ouerthrowen and rased downe The lord Greies seruice verie honorablie accepted of the king The duke of Norffolke coÌ„â—mitted to the tower 154â— The earle of Surrie beheaded I. S. pag. 1034 king Henrie his gift to the citie of London The duke atteinted The king maâ—keth his testament His executâ—â—â— The decease of King Henrie the eight Henricus octaâ—â— post 38. 〈…〉 The description of King Henrie the eight Ad Henricum octaâ—um regem Angliae maxiâ—â—â— studiosorum â—â—â—torem Comparatio in gloriam Henricâ— octaui regis poâ—entissimi â— Edward proclamed The earle of Hertford choâ—â—â— protector Lord protecâ—â—â— made duke 〈◊〉 Summerset The king râ—deth through London to Westminster Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1036. Pauls stéeple laie at anchor K. Edward crowned The lord chancellor discharged of his roome Hâ—milies The communion in both kinds I. S pag. 1036. D. Smith recanted Rich. Crafton Chiefteines in the armie The chieâ—teins that commanded in the nauie by sea were these The lord protector causeth Aimouth riuer to be sounded Sir Rafe Sadler treasuror of the English armie A proclamation The order of the armie in marching forward The Peaths â—n English herald sent from the lord protector to sâ—mmon a castell The castell of Dunglas ouerthrowne Thornton Anderwike Thom Trotter The lord of Hambleton The pile of Anderwike woone Sir Miles Partrige Thornton yéelded The piles of Thornton and others defaced Tantallon Linton bridge Hailes castell A subtile practise of the Scots The manlie courage of the earle of Warwike Dandie Car. Henrie Uane Barteuill hurt Richard Maxwell taken Lang Nuddreie Order taken for the placing of the ships The Scotish prickers shew themselues Salt Preston The Scots â—â—ssemen discomfited and put to flight Scots slaine Prisoners taken Englishmen 〈◊〉 The lord Hume hurt with a fall in the chase A Scotish herald deliuereth a message to the duke of Summerset The lord protectors answer The earle of Warwikes request and message to the earle of Huntleie The order of war touching heralds violated The vaine doubt of the Scots Ordinance plaÌ„ted against the enimie Saturday the tenth of September the daie of the battell The Englishmen Scots march the one armie toward the other The gallie The Irish archers Consultation of the English lords on horssebacke The deuise of the lords vpon their consultation The lord Greies request to the lord protector The Scots at a staie vpoÌ„ the sudden The order of the Scots in warres both touching their furniture and disposition The incounter is verie hot betwéene both sides The face of the field at the
As heauen and earth haue vowed to be thine So Neptunes seas haue sworne to drench thy foes As I am god and all the waters mine Still shalt thou get but neuer shalt thou lose And sith on earth my wealth is nought at all Accept good will the gift is verie small Who euer found on earth a constant friend That may compare with this my virgin queene Who euer found a bodie and a mind So free from staine so perfect to be seene Oh heauenlie hew that aptest is to soile And yet doost liue from blot of anie foile Rare is thy gift and giuen to few or none Malist therefore of some that dare not say More shines thy light for that I know but one That anie such shew to follow on their waie Thou thou art shee take thou the onelie praise For chastest dame in these our happie daies Accept my bowe sith best thou doâ—st deserue Though well I kâ—ow â—hy mind can thee preserue Ah ha I see my mother out of sight Then let the boy now plaie the wag a while I seeme but weake yet weake is not my might My boiesh wit can oldest folke beguile Who so dooth thinke I speake this but in iest Let me but shoot and I shall quench his rest Marke here my shafts this all is made of wood Which is but soft and breeds but soft good will Now this is gilt yet seemes it gold full good And dooth deceiue blind louing people still But here is one is seldome felt or seene This is of gold meet for the noblest queene line 10 Wherefore dame faire take thou this gift of me Though some deserue yet none deserue like you Shoot but this shaft at king or Cesar he And he is thine and if thou wilt allow It is a gift that manie here doo craue Yet none but thou this golden shaft maie haue There was written vpon the shaft My colour ioy my substance pure My vertue such as shall indure Hir maiestie receiued these gifts verie thankefullie the gods and goddesses with the rest of the maske marched about the chamber againe and then departed in like maner as they came in Then the queene line 20 called vnto hir master Robert Wood the maior of Norwich whom first she heartilie thanked and tooke by the hand and vsed secret conference but what I know not And thus this delightfull night passed to the ioy of all that saw hir grace in so pleasant plight On thursdaie in the morning my lord chamberlaine gaue the deuisor warning the quéene would ride abrode in the after noone and he commanded him to be readie dutifullie to present hir with some shew Then knowing which waie the queene would line 30 ride by coniecture and instructions giuen the deuisor caused a place to be made and digged for the nymphes of the water the maner and proportion whereof was in this forme and fashion First there was measure taken for threescore foot of ground euerie waie the hole to be made déepe and foure square which ground was all couered with canuas painted greene like the grasse and at euerie side on the canuas ran a string through curteine rings which string might easilie be drawne anie kind of waie by reason line 40 of two great poales that laie along in the ground and answered the curteine or canuas on each side so that drawing a small cord in the middle of the canuas the earth would séeme to open so shut againe as the other end of the cord was drawne backward And in the same caue was a noble noise of musike of all kind of instruments seuerallie to be sounded and plaied vpon and at one time they should be sounded all togither that might serue for a consort of broken musike And in the same caue also was placed line 50 twelue water nymphes disguised or dressed most strangelie ech of them had either vpon white silke or fine linnen gréene sedges stitched cunninglie on a long garment so well wrought and also set on as scarse anie whit might be perceiued And euerie nymph had in hir hand a great bundle of bulrushes and had on hir head a garland of iuie vnder the which iuie was a coife of mosse and vnder the mosse was there long goodlie heare like golden tresses that couered line 60 hir shoulders and in a maner raught downe vnto hir middle Now touching the beautie of the nymphes they séemed to be the chosen children of the world and became their attire so well that their beautie might haue abused a right good iudgement For diuerse of those that knew them before albeit they were bare faced could scarse know them in their garments and sundrie tooke them to be yoong girles and wenches prepared for the nonce to procure a laughter These nymphs thus apparelled and all things in good plight and readinesse there was deuised that at the quéenes comming néere the water side as this caue stood at the brim of the riuer one nymph should pop vp out of the caue first and salute the queene with a speach and then another and so till foure of them had finished their speaches there they should remaine and when they retired into their caue the musike should begin which sure had beene a noble hearing and the more melodious for the varietie thereof and bicause it should come secretlie and strangelie out of the earth And when the musike was doone then should all the twelue nymphs haue issued togither dansed a danse with timbrels that were trimmed with belles and other iangling things which timbrels were as brode as a siue hauing bottoms of fine parchment and being sounded made such a confused noise and pastime that it was to be woondered at besides the strangenesse of the timbrels yet knowne to our forefathers was a matter of admiration vnto such as were ignorant of that new found toy gathered and borrowed from our elders So in order and readinesse stood that shew for the time And to kéepe that shew companie but yet farre off stood the shew of Manhood and Desert as first to be presented and that shew was as well furnished as the other men all saue one boy called Beautie for the which Manhood Fauour and Desert did striue or should haue contended but good Fortune as victor of all conquests was to come in and ouerthrow Manhood Fauour Desert all their powers and onelie by fine force vpon a watchword spoken should laie hand on Beautie and carrie or lead hir away The other sutors troubled with this kind of dealing should talke togither and sweare to be in one mind for an open reuenge and vpon that Fortune should crie Arme arme The other side called for their friends at the which stirre should appeare both their strengthes but good Fortune should farre in power exceed his enimies And yet to shew that Destinie and who best can conquer shall gouerne all Fortune should make an offer that six to six with sword and target
should end the brall and businesse Then six gentlemen on either side with rebated swords and targets onelie in dublet and hose and murrion on head approched and would claime the combat and deale togither twelue blowes apéece and in the end fortune should be victor and then the shot and armed men should fall at variance so sharpelie vpon mistaking of the matter that Fortunes side should triumph and march ouer the bellies of their enimies in which time were legs and armes of men well and liuelie wrought to be let fall in numbers on the ground as bloudie as might be Fortune regarding nothing but victorie marcheth so awaie in great triumph and then should haue come into the place a song for the death of Manhood Fauor and Desert and so the shew should haue ended But now note what befell after this great businesse and preparation For as the queenes highnesse was appointed to come vnto hir coch and the lords and courtiers were readie to mount on horssebacke there fell such a showre of raine in the necke thereof came such a terrible thunder that euerie one of vs were driuen to séeke for couert and most comfort insomuch that some of vs in bote stood vnder a bridge and were all so dashed washed that it was a greater pastime to sée vs looke like drowned rats than to haue beheld the vttermost of the shewes rehearsed Thus you sée a shew in the open field is alwaies subiect to the sudden change of weather and a number of more inconueniences But what should be said of that which the citie lost by this cause veluets silkes tinsels and some cloth of gold being cut out for these purposes that could not serue to anie great effect after Well there was no more to saie but an old adage that Man dooth purpose but God dooth dispose to whose disposition and pleasure the guide of greater maters is committed So this thursdaie tooke his â—â—aue from the actors and left them looking one vpon another he that thought he had receiued most 〈◊〉 kept greatest silence and lapping vp among a bundle of other misfortunes this euill chance euerie person quietlie passed to his lodging The next daie being fridaie in which daie the court remooued the stréets towards saint Benets gates were hanged from the one side to the other line 10 with cords made of hearbs and floures with garlands coronets pictures rich cloths and a thousand dâ—â—ses At the gates themselues there was a stage made verie richlie apparelled with cloth of gold and crimsin veluet whervpon in a close place made therâ—n for the purpose was placed verie swéet musike one readie to render hir this speach following The daiefull houre of hir departure came she passed from the court to those gates with such countenances both of hir maiesties part and hir subiects now dolorous line 20 now chéerefull as plainlie shewed the louing â—earts of both sides When she came there the speach was thus vttered vnto hir in verie plausibâ—e sort Terrestriall ioies are tide with sâ—ender fiâ—e Eaâ—t happie hap full hastilie dooth slide As summer season lasteth but a while So winter stormes doo longer time abide â—â—as whaâ— blisse can anie â—ime endure Ouâ— sunshine daie is dasht with sudden shoure Could toong expresse our secret ioies of hart O◠〈◊〉 prince when thou didst come in place â—â— nâ— God woâ— nor can expresse the smaâ—â— Thy subiects feele in this departing â—ase line 30 But gratious queenâ— let here thy grace remaine Iâ— graâ—ious wiâ—e till thy returne againe Iâ— lieu whereof receiue thy subiects harts Iâ— fixed faith conâ—inuallie thine owne Who readie rest to loose their â—itall parts Iâ— thy defense when anie blast is blowne Thou are our queene our rocke and onelie staie We are thine owne to serue by night and daie Farewell oh queene farewell oh mother deare Leâ— Iacobs God thy sacred bodie gard Alâ— is thine owne that is possessed here And all in all is but a small reward For thy great grace God length thy life like Noy To gouerne vs and eke thy realme in ioy Amen line 40 Thâ—se words were deuised by B. Goldingham and spoken by himselfe to whome hir maiestie said We â—â—anke you hartilie Then with the musicke in the same place was soong this short dittie following in a verie sweet voice to the great delite of the hearers What vaileth life where sorow sokes the hart Who feareth death that is in deepe distresse Release of life dooth best abate the smart Ofhim whose woes are quite without redresse Lend me your teares resigne your sighes to me Helpe all to waiâ—â— the dolor which you see What haue we doone she will no longer staie What may we doo to hold hir with vs still line 50 Shee is our queene we subiects must obaie Grant though with greefe to hir departing will Conclude we then and sing with sobbing breath God length thy life oh queene Elisabeth On fridaie the court vpon remooue the citie trouâ—â—â—d with manie causes and some séeking to doo seruice like the deuiser mooued him to doo somewhat of himselfe bicause his aids as manie times they were before were drawne from him each one about his owne businesse and he left to his owne inuentions and policie at which exigent or casuall things of fortune line 60 he drew his boies vnto him that were the Nymphs on the water and so departed the citie with such garments and stuffe necessarie as fitted his purpose and the matter he went about Then he chose a ground by the which the quéene must passe inclosing his companie in the corner of a field being defenâ—ed with high and thicke bushes and there some parts he made which the boies might misse bicause the time was short for the learning of those parts But he being resolued to doo somewhat might make the quéene laugh appointed that seauen boies of twelue should passe through a hedge from the place of abode which was gallantlie trimmed and deliuer seauen spéeches And these boies you must vnderstand were dressed like Nymphes of the water and were to plaie by a deuise and degrees the feiries and to danse as néere as could be imagined like the feiries Their attire and comming so strangelie out made the queenes highnesse smile and laugh withall And the deuiser hearing this good hope being apparelled like a water sprite began to sound a timbrell the rest with him all the twelue Nymphs togither when the seauen had repaired in sounded timbrels likewise And although the deuiser had no great harting yet as he durst he led the yoong foolish feiries a danse which boldnesse of his â—red no disgrace but as he heard was well taken The quéene vpon their retire in hasted to hir highnes lodging which was seuen miles off and at that present when the shew ended it was past fiue of the clocke All these shewes finished hir maiestie in princelie maner marched toward the confines of the liberties