Selected quad for the lemma: power_n
Text snippets containing the quad
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Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) |
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A70290
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Usury explain'd, or, Conscience quieted in the case of putting out mony at interest by Philopenes.
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J. D. (John Dormer), 1636-1700.
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1695
(1695)
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Wing H3249; ESTC R12079
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43,383
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127
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when_o more_o be_v require_v than_o be_v give_v as_o for_o example_n if_o you_o give_v 10_n and_o require_v more_o back_o or_o a_o bushet_n of_o corn_n and_o exact_v somewhat_o above_o ansu_fw-la give_v be_v take_v there_o for_o lend_v and_o that_o to_o the_o poor_a as_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o smallness_n of_o the_o sum_n beside_o in_o reality_n in_o our_o case_n one_o receive_v no_o more_o than_o he_o give_v for_o a_o yearly_a improvement_n be_v worth_a at_o least_o five_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o this_o he_o be_v make_v master_n who_o receive_v the_o principal_a so_o that_o even_o in_o compliance_n with_o the_o decision_n as_o it_o lie_v no_o more_o be_v take_v than_o give_v this_o be_v all_o the_o author_n can_v pick_v out_o of_o ancient_a council_n against_o which_o he_o apprehend_v length_n of_o custom_n have_v prescribe_v he_o pass_v to_o late_a decision_n a_o transition_n which_o betray_v either_o shallowness_n or_o prevarication_n as_o to_o the_o cause_n he_o undertake_v since_o custom_n be_v the_o best_a interpreter_n of_o law_n lib._n 37._o ff_n de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la optima_fw-la legum_n interpres_fw-la est_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la now_o usury_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n no_o custom_n can_v prescribe_v against_o the_o say_a law_n but_o it_o have_v prescribe_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o common_a practice_n as_o he_o apprehend_v therefore_o the_o common_a practice_n can_v be_v no_o usury_n and_o if_o custom_n of_o time_n pass_v can_v prescribe_v against_o the_o ancient_n why_o may_v not_o present_a custom_n prescribe_v against_o what_o he_o quote_v of_o fresh_a date_n for_o that_o both_o clergy_n and_o regulars_n take_v up_o and_o put_v out_o money_n as_o occasion_n require_v it_o be_v too_o well_o know_v now_o a_o day_n to_o be_v deny_v little_o or_o nothing_o therefore_o to_o his_o purpose_n be_v to_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o general_a council_n dutertre_n pass_v to_o provincial_a synod_n in_o that_o of_o milan_n under_o pius_n quartus_fw-la it_o be_v forbid_v to_o take_v interest_n upon_o any_o account_n whatsoever_o yearly_o for_o money_n offer_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o in_o that_o of_o mecklin_n in_o the_o time_n of_o pius_n quintut_n 1566._o du_fw-mi tertre_n seem_v to_o triumph_n though_o of_o no_o general_n oblige_v authority_n it_o be_v decree_n be_v synodus_fw-la statuit_fw-la &_o ordinat_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la tutor_n etc._n etc._n the_o synod_n decree_v and_o ordain_v that_o no_o trustee_n or_o guardian_n under_o pretence_n of_o increase_v the_o patrimony_n of_o their_o pupil_n lend_v the_o say_v pupil_n money_n to_o receive_v yearly_o a_o certain_a lucre_n above_o the_o principal_a with_o power_n of_o call_v in_o the_o say_v principal_a declare_v such_o bargain_n to_o be_v usurious_a and_o that_o against_o such_o lender_n as_o usurer_n to_o be_v proceed_v to_o punishment_n as_o prescribe_v by_o canon_n answ_n the_o synod_n of_o milan_n determine_v only_o as_o far_o as_o cite_v by_o du_n tertre_n in_o the_o case_n money_n be_v offer_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o rather_o allow_v than_o disallow_v interest_n for_o it_o when_o not_o offer_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o or_o when_o it_o be_v put_v out_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n exceptio_fw-la firmat_n regulum_fw-la in_o alijs_fw-la but_o the_o synod_n in_o express_a term_n agree_v unto_o it_o when_o grant_v by_o law_n close_v its_o prohibition_n nisi_fw-la quatenus_fw-la jure_fw-la nominatim_fw-la permittatur_fw-la in_o so_o much_o that_o bonac_n though_o a_o milanese_n think_v it_o not_o worth_a his_o while_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o no_o way_n oppose_v he_o and_o our_o opinion_n bail_v therefore_o the_o learned_a compiler_n of_o council_n tom._n 2_o do_v pag._n 492._o judge_n the_o council_n to_o be_v no_o way_n in_o force_n against_o the_o common_a tenant_n for_o be_v it_o he_o right_o instance_n cur_n ergo_fw-la bonacina_n &_o alij_fw-la scriptores_fw-la huius_fw-la provencia_fw-la plures_fw-la exhujasmodi_fw-la casibus_fw-la licitos_fw-la tutati_fw-la sunt_fw-la sine_fw-la cujusqam_fw-la offension_n why_o then_o have_v bonacina_n and_o other_o writer_n of_o this_o province_n defend_v many_o of_o the_o case_n mention_v in_o the_o council_n without_o offence_n to_o any_o the_o synod_n of_o mecklin_n in_o the_o sense_n dâ—_n tertre_n wring_v it_o to_o be_v not_o except_v of_o in_o the_o very_a province_n which_o only_o it_o can_v oblige_v as_o appear_v from_o constant_a practice_n for_o my_o part_n i_o guess_v the_o decree_n strike_v at_o deceitful_a trustee_n and_o guardian_n the_o word_n under_o pretext_n denote_v as_o much_o they_o commit_v usury_n in_o take_v money_n for_o lend_v express_v twice_o in_o the_o decree_n they_o cloak_n it_o under_o a_o specious_a pretext_n of_o the_o orphan_n prosit_fw-la and_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o such_o practice_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o synod_n set_v aside_o this_o or_o a_o like_a gloss_n the_o synod_n will_v pass_v for_o extravagant_o uncharitable_a in_o force_v orphan_n to_o live_v from_o their_o infancy_n upon_o the_o principal_a to_o the_o beggare_v they_o when_o come_v to_o age_n wherefore_o even_o our_o statute_n law_n though_o judge_v by_o some_o dubious_a in_o the_o point_n of_o loan_n allow_v the_o put_v out_o orphan_n mony_n on_o the_o other_o part_n with_o what_o conscience_n can_v a_o guardian_n expose_v his_o pupil_n money_n without_o secure_v the_o principal_a and_o power_n of_o call_v it_o in_o trustee_n therefore_o may_v put_v out_o their_o pupil_n stock_n so_o it_o be_v effectual_o for_o their_o profit_n as_o it_o be_v do_v without_o reclaim_n either_o of_o church_n or_o magistrate_n take_v always_o such_o method_n as_o may_v exclude_v not_o only_o the_o intention_n but_o all_o appearance_n of_o usury_n hence_o lessius_fw-la not_o long_o aster_v this_o synod_n write_v in_o that_o same_o diocese_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o this_o decree_n but_o justify_v the_o way_n of_o put_v out_o orphan_n money_n and_o though_o he_o think_v fit_a it_o shall_v be_v forbid_v for_o the_o future_a i_o conceive_v he_o add_v that_o clause_n for_o fear_v ignorance_n may_v be_v a_o occasion_n to_o some_o of_o commit_v usury_n by_o take_v interest_n pure_o for_o lend_v which_o without_o usury_n may_v have_v be_v bargain_v for_o on_o other_o account_n and_o in_o due_a form_n the_o assembly_n of_o melun_n bourdeaux_n and_o rheimes_n be_v full_o answer_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o france_n in_o case_n of_o real_a opposition_n oversway_v in_o authority_n those_o few_o particular_a synod_n the_o assembly_n of_o melun_n du_n tertre_n tell_v we_o repeat_v the_o word_n of_o that_o of_o milan_n conclude_v with_o the_o say_v of_o christ_n lend_v hope_v nothing_o thereby_o the_o like_a do_v that_o of_o bourdeaux_n the_o council_n of_o rheimes_n of_o great_a authority_n as_o be_v approve_v by_o the_o pope_n clear_o allow_v the_o doctrine_n deliver_v hitherto_o of_o usury_n in_o these_o term_n tit._n de_fw-fr faenore_fw-la cum_fw-la sacra_fw-la litterae_fw-la excludant_fw-la eum_fw-la a_o divino_fw-la tabernaculo_fw-la qui_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la dederit_fw-la ad_fw-la usuram_fw-la aperteque_fw-la nuntient_a ut_fw-la mutuum_fw-la demus_n nihil_fw-la inde_fw-la sperantes_fw-la quisquis_fw-la praeter_fw-la sortem_fw-la praecipuam_fw-la ex_fw-la mutuo_fw-la aliquid_fw-la amplius_fw-la exegerit_fw-la vel_fw-la acceperit_fw-la cujuscunque_fw-la generis_fw-la illud_fw-la sit_fw-la modo_fw-la pecunia_fw-la estimari_fw-la possit_fw-la vsurarius_fw-la esse_fw-la censeatur_fw-la since_o the_o holy_a scripture_n exclude_v he_o from_o the_o tabernacle_n who_o give_v his_o money_n to_o usury_n and_o manifest_o declare_v that_o we_o lend_v hope_v nothing_o thereby_o whoever_o shall_v exact_a or_o receive_v above_o the_o principal_a of_o what_o be_v lend_v of_o whatsoever_o kind_n it_o be_v so_o it_o be_v worth_a money_n let_v he_o be_v judge_v a_o usurer_n remark_n well_o the_o expression_n for_o what_o be_v lend_v there_o lie_v the_o stress_n but_o what_o council_n or_o assembly_n ever_o say_v that_o money_n put_v out_o as_o in_o our_o case_n be_v money_n lent_n chap._n xv_o the_o authority_n of_o pope_n alexander_n the_o iii_o have_v condemn_v usurer_n in_o the_o council_n of_o tours_n and_o lateran_n to_o the_o case_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o genoa_n propose_v the_o deal_n of_o some_o merchant_n who_o sell_v dear_a for_o retardment_n of_o pay_n write_v thus_o licet_fw-la contractus_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la ex_fw-la tali_fw-la forma_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la censeri_fw-la nomine_fw-la vsurarum_fw-la nihilo_fw-la minus_fw-la tamen_fw-la venditores_fw-la peccatum_fw-la incurrunt_fw-la cum_fw-la cogitationes_fw-la hominum_fw-la omnipotenti_fw-la deo_fw-la nequeant_fw-la occultari_fw-la answ_n what_o can_v be_v allege_v less_o favourable_a to_o du_n tertre_n purpose_n for_o the_o pope_n seem_v to_o excuse_v from_o usury_n what_o divine_n condemn_v for_o such_o though_o such_o contract_n say_v the_o pope_n as_o to_o their_o form_n be_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v usurious_a yet_o those_o that_o sell_v after_o that_o manner_n sin_n whereas_o
it_o be_v lend_v neither_o diminish_v nor_o deteriorates_n answ_n authority_n ground_v upon_o reason_n go_v no_o far_a than_o the_o ground_n it_o build_v upon_o wherefore_o answer_v reason_n i_o satisfy_v authority_n to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o use_v of_o money_n and_o a_o field_n much_o differ_v money_n of_o it_o self_n produce_v nothing_o a_o field_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n be_v fruitful_a the_o use_v of_o money_n be_v to_o be_v the_o price_n of_o thing_n the_o use_v of_o a_o field_n be_v not_o yet_o in_o this_o they_o agree_v that_o as_o a_o field_n give_v grass_n or_o corn_n by_o tillage_n so_o money_n employ_v in_o buy_v or_o sell_v yield_v profit_n and_o of_o the_o right_n to_o this_o he_o that_o put_v out_o money_n deprive_v himself_o i_o further_o wish_v the_o opposer_n will_v acquaint_v i_o with_o the_o product_n of_o a_o house_n and_o other_o artificial_a thing_n or_o even_o of_o money_n when_o let_n out_o only_o for_o show_v or_o to_o be_v a_o pledge_n as_o on_o those_o account_n s._n tho._n allow_v it_o may_v be_v 2da_fw-mi 2dae_fw-la qu._n 78._o to_o the_o second_o he_o that_o hire_v money_n have_v the_o profit_n or_o at_o least_o the_o right_a to_o profit_v by_o it_o and_o so_o make_v a_o exchange_n of_o gain_n for_o gain_n but_o money_n by_o keep_v afford_v nothing_o what_o then_o but_o it_o will_v by_o spend_v and_o before_o spend_v do_v it_o not_o enable_v the_o owner_n to_o profit_v by_o it_o as_o occasion_n serve_v and_o be_v this_o nothing_o have_v it_o not_o more_o of_o hardship_n that_o another_o shall_v have_v the_o whole_a gain_n by_o lay_v out_o one_o money_n than_o the_o onwner_n shall_v take_v part_n with_o he_o to_o the_o 3d._n that_o house_n and_o land_n decay_v with_o use_n it_o be_v answer_v they_o decay_v more_o without_o it_o and_o though_o money_n as_o to_o itself_o do_v not_o deteriorate_v yet_o a_o principal_a may_v perish_v whole_o to_o the_o creditor_n but_o land_n can_v beside_o he_o that_o put_v out_o his_o money_n be_v at_o least_o deprive_v of_o its_o use_n in_o order_n to_o gain_n which_o be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o decay_n in_o house_n or_o land_n and_o what_o do_v a_o horse_n or_o house_n yield_v by_o keep_v unlett_n greg._n of_o nyssa_n in_o his_o four_o hom._n upon_o ecclesiasticus_fw-la elegant_o deliver_v himself_o in_o these_o term_n faenus_fw-la qui_fw-la aliud_fw-la latrocinium_fw-la &_o parricidium_fw-la nominaverit_fw-la etc._n etc._n whoever_o shall_v style_v usury_n a_o second_o robbery_n or_o murder_v of_o a_o parent_n will_v say_v no_o more_o than_o become_v for_o what_o matter_n it_o whether_o you_o break_v a_o house_n as_o a_o thief_n to_o seize_v another_o good_n or_o assassinate_n a_o man_n upon_o the_o road_n to_o take_v what_o he_o have_v or_o whether_o by_o necessity_n of_o pay_v vse-mony_n you_o get_v what_o appertain_v not_o to_o you_o god_n say_v to_o the_o live_a creature_n be_v fruitful_a and_o multiply_v but_o the_o brood_n of_o gold_n of_o what_o matrimony_n do_v it_o come_v what_o mother_n give_v it_o conception_n etc._n etc._n answ_n who_o see_v not_o how_o enormous_a the_o usury_n must_v be_v against_o which_o s._n gregory_n declare_v with_o this_o eloquent_a flourish_n but_o if_o no_o murder_n of_o parent_n no_o robbery_n no_o assassination_n be_v incident_a to_o the_o put_v out_o of_o money_n this_o can_v be_v the_o usury_n at_o which_o he_o aim_v a_o just_a contract_n be_v the_o matrimony_n from_o which_o the_o brood_n of_o lawful_a interest_n come_v public_a conveniency_n be_v its_o first_o parent_n whereas_o the_o usury_n against_o which_o he_o inveigh_v be_v they_o be_v his_o word_n conceive_a by_o avarice_n bring_v forth_o by_o iniquity_n cruelty_n be_v the_o midwife_n s._n chrysostom_n hom._n 57_o upon_o s._n matth._n appear_v much_o of_o the_o same_o mind_n quid_fw-la irrationabilius_fw-la quam_fw-la ut_fw-la sine_fw-la agro_n pluvia_fw-la &_o aratro_fw-la seminare_fw-la contendas_fw-la etc._n etc._n what_o more_o irrational_a than_o to_o sow_n without_o land_n rain_n or_o plough_v i_o give_v and_o grant_v say_v the_o usurer_n not_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v but_o to_o have_v more_o return_v answ_n grant_v it_o be_v a_o madness_n to_o blow_n without_o land_n rain_n or_o plough_v as_o it_o be_v to_o sow_v in_o the_o air_n yet_o i_o be_o of_o opininon_n that_o neither_o the_o saint_n nor_o any_o other_o will_v deny_v there_o be_v other_o way_n of_o just_a gain_n without_o land_n rain_n or_o tillage_n whereof_o one_o be_v the_o putting_z out_o of_o money_n at_o use_n in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o usurer_n i_o give_v and_o grant_v not_o to_o have_v and_o hold_v but_o to_o have_v more_o restore_v usury_n be_v both_o expose_v and_o condemn_v for_o in_o the_o term_n give_v and_o grant_v be_v express_v a_o usurer_n lend_v in_o order_n to_o receive_v more_o thereby_o and_o that_o more_o be_v at_o the_o immoderate_a height_n of_o that_o age._n i_o close_o this_o chapter_n entreat_v only_o the_o reader_n to_o consider_v whether_o these_o and_o like_a allegation_n be_v not_o equal_o against_o all_o prince_n exchequer_n and_o bank_n in_o christendom_n begin_v from_o that_o at_o rome_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o precedent_n as_o to_o conscience_n for_o though_o such_o as_o place_v their_o money_n in_o the_o bank_n of_o rome_n to_o take_v away_o even_o the_o shadow_n of_o mere_a lend_v can_v call_v it_o in_o at_o pleasure_n yet_o they_o may_v sell_v the_o pension_n or_o interest_n they_o due_o receive_v and_o so_o reimburse_v themselves_o of_o their_o principal_n and_o there_o never_o be_v scarcity_n of_o buyer_n it_o come_v to_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o power_n of_o call_v it_o in_o which_o be_v so_o i_o hope_v du_n tertre_n and_o his_o adherent_n will_v grant_v rome_n to_o be_v no_o less_o verse_v in_o scripture_n and_o the_o oblige_a authority_n of_o holy_a father_n than_o themselves_o and_o yet_o not_o so_o presumptuous_a as_o to_o run_v and_o act_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o say_a authority_n it_o remain_v now_o to_o discuss_v whether_o it_o succeed_v better_a with_o he_o in_o his_o pretension_n to_o pope_n and_o council_n chap._n xv._o of_o the_o authority_n of_o council_n the_o quotation_n take_v out_o of_o the_o decretal_n and_o some_o synod_n make_v i_o suspect_v that_o either_o du_fw-mi tertre_n understand_v they_o not_o or_o mistake_v the_o question_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o my_o apprehension_n will_v appear_v in_o the_o examination_n of_o what_o he_o produce_v i_o say_v not_o say_v he_o that_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a chap._n 17._o forbid_v usury_n to_o the_o clergy_n each_o one_o interpret_n the_o place_n in_o his_o own_o sense_n but_o the_o council_n of_o carthage_n have_v prohibit_v the_o clergy_n to_o exact_a interest_n of_o any_o kind_a c._n 16._o nullus_fw-la clericorum_fw-la amplius_fw-la recipiat_fw-la quam_fw-la cviquam_fw-la commodaverit_fw-la let_v none_o of_o the_o clergy_n receive_v from_o any_o one_o more_o than_o he_o lent_n answ_n much_o to_o the_o purpose_n to_o receive_v more_o than_o be_v lend_v and_o on_o the_o score_n of_o lend_v be_v usury_n so_o that_o the_o definition_n of_o usury_n have_v the_o council_n like_n yet_o what_o if_o the_o council_n shall_v have_v forbid_v the_o clergy_n to_o put_v out_o money_n at_o use_n as_o improper_a to_o their_o call_v it_o nothing_o concern_v the_o laity_n nor_o question_n its_o justice_n but_o now_o it_o be_v in_o practice_n with_o clergy_n as_o well_o as_o laity_n wherefore_o doctor_n gage_n precedent_n of_o the_o english_a college_n at_o douai_n be_v demand_v by_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o his_o community_n as_o to_o the_o case_n with_o great_a ingenuity_n answer_v they_o be_v divide_v for_o such_o as_o have_v money_n to_o put_v out_o think_v it_o lawful_a such_o as_o have_v none_o be_v against_o it_o what_o he_o bring_v out_o of_o a_o epist_n of_o st._n leo_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o campania_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o strain_n the_o pope_n order_v punishment_n for_o those_o who_o practice_n usury_n and_o strive_v to_o grow_v rich_a by_o it_o qui_fw-la usurariam_fw-la exercent_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la &_o faenore_fw-la volunt_fw-la ditescere_fw-la ans_fw-fr have_v du_n tertre_n prove_v the_o common_a practice_n usury_n this_o and_o the_o rest_n may_v have_v be_v serviceable_a to_o he_o but_o to_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v usury_n without_o proof_n and_o then_o to_o condemn_v it_o as_o prove_v be_v not_o fair_a but_o a_o sort_n of_o juggle_v to_o amuse_v the_o unlearned_a with_o quotation_n gratian_n be_v cite_v in_o the_o 2d_o part_v of_o his_o decretal_n cause_o the_o 14._o q._n the_o 3._o c._n 4._o who_o out_o of_o a_o ancient_a council_n of_o agde_a hold_v the_o 6_o century_n an._n 506_o define_v usury_n vsura_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n usury_n be_v