they_o in_o the_o supreme_a power_n other_o be_v of_o a_o mind_n that_o see_v they_o cease_v to_o be_v king_n or_o sovereign_n they_o may_v be_v lawful_o try_v and_o put_v to_o death_n as_o well_o as_o private_a man_n and_o that_o without_o any_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n other_o determine_v this_o to_o be_v lawful_a in_o such_o state_n as_o that_o of_o lacedaemon_n in_o grece_n and_o arragon_n in_o spain_n what_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v can_v be_v unknown_a for_o the_o pope_n do_v arrogate_v a_o universal_a ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n whereby_o he_o may_v excommunicate_v any_o christian_a king_n that_o shall_v not_o obey_v his_o canon_n and_o edict_n and_o upon_o this_o sentence_n once_o give_v he_o may_v depose_v he_o free_a his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o command_v they_o as_o catholic_n to_o rise_v in_o rebellion_n against_o he_o &_o some_o of_o they_o have_v teach_v that_o its_o a_o meritorious_a art_n to_o poison_n stab_n or_o any_o other_o way_n murder_n king_n for_o the_o promotion_n of_o the_o catholic_n cause_n this_o question_n after_o the_o term_n thereof_o clear_o explicate_v be_v of_o very_o great_a moment_n and_o let_v man_n advise_v well_o how_o they_o do_v determine_v either_o in_o their_o own_o judgement_n private_o or_o before_o other_o t._n h._n there_o be_v doctor_n that_o think_v there_o may_v be_v more_o sort_n that_o be_v more_o sovereign_n then_o one_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o set_v up_o a_o supremacy_n against_o the_o sovereignty_n canon_n against_o law_n and_o a_o ghostly_a authority_n against_o the_o civil_a etc._n etc._n g._n l._n there_o can_v be_v any_o sovereign_n but_o one_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n and_o to_o set_v up_o supremacy_n against_o sovereignty_n canon_n against_o law_n ghostly_a authority_n against_o civil_a must_v needs_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o division_n confusion_n dissolution_n yet_o this_o will_v not_o prove_v any_o inconsistency_n of_o a_o ecclesiastical_a independent_a power_n with_o the_o civil_a sovereignty_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o community_n and_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o key_n give_v by_o christ_n unto_o the_o church_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n trust_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o high_a power_n civil_a be_v real_a and_o signify_v some_o thing_n true_o different_a one_o from_o another_o though_o he_o either_o can_v or_o will_v not_o understand_v it_o with_o mr._n hobbs_n indeed_o this_o distinction_n can_v signisie_v nothing_o because_o he_o have_v give_v unto_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n a_o infallible_a judgement_n and_o a_o absolute_a power_n in_o all_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a and_o spiritual_a his_o discourse_n may_v be_v good_a against_o those_o ecclesiastical_a person_n who_o have_v usurp_v civil_a power_n otherwise_o it_o be_v impertinent_a and_o irrational_a and_o he_o must_v know_v that_o it_o be_v alike_o difficult_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o state_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o key_n as_o for_o to_o evince_v that_o the_o church_n have_v the_o power_n the_o sword_n it_o be_v as_o great_a a_o offence_n for_o the_o state_n to_o encroach_v upon_o the_o church_n as_o for_o the_o church_n to_o encroach_v upon_o the_o state_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v high_o guilty_a of_o the_o one_o and_o many_o protestant_n prince_n and_o state_n of_o the_o other_o and_o though_o man_n will_v not_o see_v it_o yet_o its_o clear_a enough_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o community_n be_v capable_a both_o of_o a_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a government_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n and_o that_o the_o church_n and_o state_n be_v two_o distinct_a commonwealth_n the_o one_o spiritual_a and_o the_o other_o temporal_a though_o they_o consist_v of_o the_o same_o person_n and_o these_o person_n as_o christian_n consider_v in_o a_o spiritual_a capacity_n make_v up_o the_o community_n and_o commonwealth_n christian_n which_o be_v the_o church_n as_o they_o be_v man_n have_v temporal_a estate_n bodily_a life_n and_o liberty_n they_o be_v member_n of_o the_o civil_a community_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o power_n form_n of_o government_n administration_n law_n jurisdiction_n officer_n of_o the_o church_n be_v distinct_a and_o different_a from_o those_o of_o the_o state_n the_o sentence_n of_o the_o church_n be_v let_v he_o be_v a_o heathen_a or_o a_o publican_n and_o the_o execution_n be_v expect_v from_o heaven_n according_a to_o the_o promise_n whatsoever_o you_o bound_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o heaven_n and_o this_o sentence_n do_v take_v away_o some_o spiritual_a but_o no_o temporal_a or_o civil_a right_n of_o the_o person_n judge_v though_o the_o judgement_n be_v pass_v and_o make_v valid_a both_o in_o foro_fw-la interiore_fw-la &_o exteriore_fw-la the_o sentence_n of_o the_o civil_a state_n be_v let_v he_o be_v fine_v imprison_a stigmatise_v banish_v put_v to_o death_n and_o it_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o sword_n the_o several_a member_n of_o a_o church_n national_a and_o the_o whole_a church_n joint_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n if_o a_o christian_a be_v subject_a to_o the_o church_n because_o as_o a_o christian_a he_o be_v subject_a to_o christ_n and_o bonnd_v by_o his_o law_n and_o as_o a_o civil_a sovereign_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o protect_v the_o church_n and_o he_o may_v by_o civil_a law_n ratify_v the_o ecclesiastical_a canon_n and_o then_o they_o bound_v not_o only_o under_o a_o spiritual_a but_o a_o civil_a penalty_n too_o if_o church-assembly_n give_v cause_n of_o jealousy_n to_o the_o civil_a power_n they_o may_v regulate_v they_o and_o order_v their_o proceed_n if_o they_o offend_v they_o may_v punish_v they_o their_o person_n life_n estate_n be_v under_o the_o sword_n and_o if_o this_o be_v take_v from_o they_o because_o they_o will_v not_o obey_v they_o to_o disobey_v christ_n they_o ought_v to_o suffer_v it_o patient_o for_o christ_n sake_n in_o this_o case_n the_o church_n may_v pray_v and_o weep_v resist_v and_o rebel_n they_o may_v not_o for_o christian_n as_o christian_n have_v no_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n against_o any_o man_n not_o their_o own_o member_n much_o less_o against_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n who_o if_o they_o resist_v they_o must_v do_v it_o under_o another_o notion_n or_o else_o they_o transgress_v and_o can_v have_v no_o excuse_n and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o christ_n gather_v disciple_n institute_v church-discipline_n make_v law_n and_o the_o apostle_n execute_v they_o in_o make_v officer_n act_n cap._n 1._o &_o 16._o make_v law_n cap._n 15._o pass_v sentence_n and_o execute_v the_o same_o 1_o cor._n 5._o and_o all_o this_o without_o any_o commission_n from_o any_o civil_a sovereign_n therefore_o it_o be_v not_o true_a which_o some_o learned_a divine_n have_v affirm_v that_o the_o state_n and_o church_n be_v one_o body_n endue_v with_o two_o power_n or_o faculty_n for_o they_o be_v two_o distinct_a body_n politic_a it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o as_o some_o conceive_v there_o be_v no_o power_n but_o coactive_a of_o the_o sword_n than_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v one_o body_n but_o there_o be_v another_o power_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o 2._o if_o a_o king_n become_v christian_n by_o this_o he_o acquire_v no_o power_n not_o the_o least_o more_o than_o he_o have_v before_o and_o if_o he_o be_v heathen_a or_o mahometan_a and_o all_o his_o subject_n become_v christian_a he_o lose_v not_o one_o jot_n of_o his_o former_a civil_a power_n which_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o submit_v unto_o by_o the_o very_a law_n of_o christianity_n if_o he_o command_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n they_o may_v and_o must_v disobey_v but_o deny_v his_o power_n they_o may_v not_o they_o must_v not_o in_o this_o case_n a_o christian_a may_v be_v perplex_v between_o the_o devil_n and_o a_o gaoler_n as_o some_o of_o scotland_n be_v say_v to_o be_v when_o if_o they_o obey_v the_o parliament_n and_o join_v with_o duke_n hamilton_n to_o invade_v england_n the_o kirk_n excommunicate_v they_o and_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o satan_n if_o they_o obey_v the_o church_n prohibit_v they_o they_o be_v cast_v in_o prison_n by_o the_o state_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o perplexity_n be_v not_o from_o this_o that_o the_o church_n and_o state_n be_v two_o distinct_a commonwealth_n but_o because_o the_o command_n of_o the_o one_o or_o both_o may_v be_v unjust_a t._n h._n some_o make_v the_o power_n of_o levy_v money_n depend_v upon_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o conduct_n and_o command_v upon_o one_o man_n of_o make_v law_n upon_o the_o accidental_a consent_n of_o three_o such_o government_n be_v no_o government_n but_o a_o division_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n into_o three_o independent_a faction_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n here_o again_o he_o have_v make_v the_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o
sin_n of_o man_n and_o merit_v for_o himself_o eternal_a power_n and_o glory_n and_o for_o we_o eternal_a life_n and_o all_o effectual_a mean_n for_o the_o certain_a attainment_n thereof_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o act_n perform_v by_o he_o as_o king_n priest_n and_o prophet_n tend_v unto_o the_o application_n of_o his_o sacrifice_n that_o we_o by_o faith_n may_v be_v partaker_n of_o the_o benefit_n thereof_o this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o that_o doctrine_n of_o redemption_n deliver_v clear_o and_o more_o full_o in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o scripture_n especial_o of_o the_o new_a testament_n yet_o this_o innovatour_n have_v obscure_v the_o same_o several_a way_n and_o determine_v the_o kingdom_n of_o christ_n to_o begin_v when_o the_o world_n do_v end_n because_o christ_n say_v to_o pilate_n my_o kingdom_n be_v not_o of_o this_o world_n joh._n 18.36_o from_o whence_o he_o conclude_v t._n h._n that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o to_o begin_v before_o the_o general_a resurrection_n g._n l._n this_o be_v a_o gross_a mistake_n and_o misinterpretation_n of_o a_o place_n which_o be_v clear_a in_o itself_o for_o by_o his_o gloss_n he_o make_v the_o scripture_n to_o contradict_v itself_o christ_n be_v then_o candidatus_fw-la imperii_fw-la and_o be_v king_n when_o he_o give_v this_o answer_n unto_o pilate_n yet_o he_o begin_v to_o reign_v and_o exercise_v his_o royal_a power_n more_o eminent_o when_o he_o be_v set_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o father_n yet_o his_o kingdom_n be_v not_o of_o this_o world_n that_o be_v not_o civil_a but_o spiritual_a and_o as_o austin_n upon_o the_o place_n it_o be_v hic_fw-la non_fw-la hinc_fw-la in_o the_o world_n not_o of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o world_n yet_o not_o worldly_a but_o divine_a and_o far_o more_o excellent_a than_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o world_n this_o be_v the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n that_o christ_n do_v reign_v now_o and_o have_v reign_v since_o his_o ascension_n and_o sit_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o god_n be_v evident_a before_o his_o ascension_n he_o let_v his_o apostle_n know_v that_o all_o power_n in_o heaven_n and_o earth_n be_v give_v he_o and_o according_a unto_o and_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o power_n he_o give_v commission_n to_o his_o apostle_n to_o teach_v and_o baptize_v and_o persuade_v man_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o his_o command_n mat._n 28.18_o 19_o 20._o he_o that_o have_v a_o universal_a power_n in_o heaven_n and_o earth_n who_o make_v officer_n and_o give_v they_o power_n who_o make_v law_n institutes_n sacrament_n and_o send_v down_o the_o holy_a ghost_n must_v needs_o reign_v and_o his_o kingdom_n be_v begin_v already_o we_o read_v that_o christ_n must_v reign_v till_o he_o have_v put_v all_o enemy_n under_o his_o foot_n and_o the_o last_o enemy_n that_o shall_v be_v destroy_v be_v death_n and_o when_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v subdue_v unto_o he_o then_o shall_v also_o the_o son_n of_o man_n be_v subject_a unto_o he_o that_o put_v all_o thing_n under_o he_o that_o god_n may_v be_v all_o in_o all_o 1_o cor._n 15.25_o 26_o 28._o where_o first_o from_o psal_n 110.1_o the_o apostle_n tell_v we_o that_o christ_n kingdom_n do_v commence_v at_o the_o time_n of_o christ_n sit_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o god_n 2._o that_o with_o he_o to_o sit_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o god_n be_v to_o reign_v 3._o that_o he_o must_v reign_v by_o word_n sacrament_n spirit_n ministry_n till_o all_o enemy_n whereof_o death_n be_v the_o last_o be_v destroy_v 4._o that_o when_o death_n be_v destroy_v he_o shall_v deliver_v up_o his_o commission_n and_o kingdom_n in_o respect_n of_o this_o administration_n by_o ordinance_n 5._o that_o at_o the_o resurrection_n this_o manner_n of_o reign_n shall_v end_v when_o mr._n hobbs_n say_v it_o shall_v begin_v 6._o that_o then_o god_n shall_v be_v all_o in_o all_o that_o be_v reign_v perfect_o in_o his_o saint_n without_o any_o enemy_n without_o opposition_n without_o ordinance_n and_o more_o immediate_o before_o that_o time_n indeed_o he_o will_v not_o proceed_v to_o the_o final_a and_o universal_a sentence_n and_o execution_n of_o the_o same_o yet_o there_o be_v many_o act_n of_o government_n beside_o judgement_n and_o many_o act_n of_o judgement_n be_v side_n those_o of_o the_o general_a assize_n and_o last_o session_n to_o make_v law_n reduce_v man_n to_o subjection_n appoint_v officer_n pass_v sentence_n and_o execute_v the_o same_o in_o the_o very_a soul_n of_o man_n be_v act_n of_o one_o that_o reign_v as_o likewise_o to_o subdue_v enemy_n sin_n satan_n and_o the_o world_n to_o protect_v the_o church_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n christ_n have_v reign_v since_o his_o ascension_n and_o many_o million_o do_v adore_v he_o subject_n themselves_o unto_o he_o and_o obey_v he_o to_o this_o day_n yet_o with_o this_o man_n christ_n do_v not_o yet_o reign_v let_v he_o read_v psalm_n 2._o throughout_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v fulfil_v upon_o his_o resurrection_n and_o ascension_n as_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o their_o epistle_n and_o if_o he_o or_o any_o other_o shall_v deny_v the_o present_a reign_n of_o christ_n they_o must_v expect_v with_o his_o iron_n sceptre_n to_o be_v dash_v in_o piece_n like_o a_o potter_n vessel_n cap_n xi_o of_o the_o three_o part_n the_o 42._o of_o the_o book_n of_o ecclesiastical_a power_n after_o he_o have_v enthrone_v civil_a sovereign_n cap._n 40._o dethrone_v christ_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n in_o this_o he_o take_v away_o all_o power_n from_o the_o church_n and_o invest_v the_o christian_a civil_a power_n with_o it_o and_o herein_o it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o his_o ignorance_n or_o presumption_n be_v the_o great_a for_o he_o be_v high_o guilty_a of_o both_o he_o that_o will_v determine_v the_o controversy_n concern_v the_o power_n of_o the_o church_n must_v distinguist_n the_o universal_a power_n of_o god_n the_o spiritual_a power_n of_o christ_n incarnate_a and_o exalt_v to_o the_o throne_n of_o glory_n and_o the_o power_n deligate_v from_o christ_n unto_o the_o church_n universal_a here_o on_o earth_n as_o subject_a unto_o christ_n as_o lord_n and_o monarch_n and_o also_o that_o which_o every_o particular_a independent_a association_n of_o christian_n be_v trust_v withal_o for_o to_o preserve_v the_o society_n and_o the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n from_o profanation_n this_o he_o have_v not_o do_v and_o therefore_o little_a or_o rather_o nothing_o can_v be_v expect_v from_o he_o this_o last_o power_n of_o particular_a church_n be_v call_v the_o power_n of_o the_o key_n in_o foro_fw-la exteriori_fw-la in_o the_o particular_a government_n of_o their_o several_a combination_n for_o there_o be_v no_o supreme_a universal_a independent_a judicatory_a on_o earth_n to_o which_o all_o church_n in_o the_o world_n be_v bind_v to_o appeal_v in_o this_o outward_a visible_a administration_n general_a counsel_n can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n neither_o be_v there_o ever_o any_o ecumenical_a synod_n in_o proper_a sense_n since_o the_o gospel_n be_v preach_v to_o all_o nation_n this_o power_n of_o outward_a discipline_n be_v challenge_v by_o the_o pope_n by_o the_o clergy_n by_o the_o people_n christian_n and_o by_o the_o state_n civil_a and_o sovereign_n of_o the_o world_n and_o in_o this_o last_o party_n be_v the_o author_n deep_o engage_v but_o upon_o what_o reason_n i_o know_v not_o except_o he_o intend_v to_o side_n with_o the_o strong_a for_o such_o be_v they_o which_o bear_v the_o sword_n the_o power_n of_o ordain_v minister_n preach_v the_o word_n administer_a the_o sacrament_n be_v in_o the_o universal_a church_n since_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o in_o every_o particular_a church_n reduce_v to_o a_o form_n of_o outward_a discipline_n there_o be_v a_o power_n of_o make_v canon_n of_o jurisdiction_n of_o make_v officer_n so_o far_o as_o shall_v conduce_v unto_o the_o better_a ordination_n of_o minister_n the_o preservation_n of_o the_o purity_n of_o doctrine_n and_o the_o right_a administration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n lest_o they_o be_v profane_v and_o christ_n offend_v by_o the_o admission_n of_o ignorant_a scandalous_a and_o unworthy_a person_n there_o be_v a_o power_n also_o of_o dispose_v and_o dispense_n of_o those_o good_n which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o church_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o christian_a religion_n civil_a christian_a state_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o make_v civil_a law_n to_o confirm_v the_o just_a canon_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o church_n and_o those_o law_n may_v be_v a_o fence_n unto_o it_o against_o these_o who_o shall_v oppose_v or_o persecute_v yet_o when_o all_o this_o be_v do_v those_o law_n be_v but_o civil_a though_o the_o object_n of_o they_o be_v ecclesiastical_a matter_n this_o may_v suffice_v for_o to_o confute_v and_o make_v void_a the_o main_a body_n and_o break_v in_o piece_n
the_o main_a design_n of_o this_o long_a and_o tedious_a chapter_n wherein_o he_o be_v not_o content_a to_o vent_v his_o error_n but_o he_o must_v broach_v his_o blasphemy_n for_o after_o he_o have_v grant_v the_o ecclesiastical_a power_n to_o be_v in_o the_o apostle_n and_o their_o successor_n for_o about_o 300_o year_n he_o tell_v we_o t._n h._n that_o the_o trinity_n be_v a_o threefold_a representation_n of_o god_n 1._o by_o moses_n 2._o by_o christ_n on_o earth_n 3._o by_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o the_o apostle_n and_o this_o agree_v with_o that_o of_o the_o divine_a apostle_n there_o be_v three_o that_o bear_v witness_n in_o heaven_n the_o father_n the_o word_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o these_o three_o be_v one_o 1_o joh._n 5.7_o g._n l._n this_o deserve_v no_o answer_n but_o detestation_n because_o it_o be_v not_o only_o blasphemous_a but_o also_o devoid_a not_o only_o of_o divine_a but_o humane_a learning_n and_o no_o way_n to_o be_v suffer_v among_o christian_n have_v thus_o determine_v the_o proper_a and_o just_a subject_n of_o this_o power_n for_o so_o long_a a_o time_n he_o proceed_v to_o let_v we_o know_v what_o this_o power_n be_v t._n h._n the_o power_n of_o the_o church_n be_v but_o to_o teach_v to_o baptize_v to_o absolve_v to_o excommunicate_v g._n l._n the_o foundation_n and_o rule_n of_o all_o christian_a doctrine_n worship_n and_o discipline_n be_v brief_o and_o by_o a_o wonderful_a wisdom_n comprise_v in_o those_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n ready_a to_o ascend_v into_o heaven_n go_v and_o teach_v all_o nation_n baptise_v they_o etc._n etc._n mat._n 28.19_o 20._o for_o in_o those_o word_n we_o be_v teach_v 1._o what_o doctrine_n we_o must_v believe_v and_o profess_v 2._o what_o worship_n we_o must_v perform_v unto_o the_o deity_n and_o how_o and_o upon_o what_o ground_n 3._o who_o may_v and_o who_o may_v not_o be_v admit_v into_o christian_a society_n and_o who_o may_v and_o who_o may_v not_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o and_o enjoy_v all_o the_o privilege_n thereof_o those_o who_o be_v teach_v profess_v their_o faith_n in_o god_n the_o father_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n and_o promise_v to_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o christ_n may_v be_v baptize_v and_o solemn_o admit_v into_o the_o church_n they_o who_o continue_v to_o profess_v their_o faith_n &_o to_o perform_v their_o promise_n of_o obedience_n unto_o christ_n may_v be_v continue_v in_o this_o society_n and_o enjoy_v the_o privilege_n otherwise_o not_o from_o which_o word_n its_o evident_a there_o must_v be_v a_o power_n to_o teach_v baptize_v absolve_v excommunicate_a and_o also_o to_o ordain_v and_o design_v fit_a person_n to_o do_v these_o thing_n and_o give_v rule_n out_o of_o the_o gospel_n how_o they_o may_v be_v do_v aright_o this_o author_n first_o make_v void_a as_o he_o conceive_v all_o bellarmine_n discourse_n concern_v the_o form_n of_o ecclesiastical_a government_n whether_o it_o be_v monarchical_a aristocratical_a or_o democratical_a 2._o they_o have_v power_n but_o to_o teach_v the_o reason_n why_o bellarmine_n discourse_n be_v void_a be_v give_v by_o he_o to_o be_v this_o because_o the_o church_n have_v no_o coercive_a power_n if_o he_o mean_v coercive_a civil_a by_o the_o sword_n its_o certain_a there_o be_v no_o such_o power_n ecclesiastical_a neither_o do_v bellarmine_n affirm_v or_o challenge_v it_o but_o indirecte_v &_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la yet_o he_o be_v tell_v before_o that_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o church_n censure_n be_v from_o heaven_n as_o it_o be_v pass_v in_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n and_o by_o his_o power_n 1_o cor._n 5.4_o and_o he_o have_v promise_v whatsoever_o be_v bind_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o heaven_n and_o whatsoever_o loose_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v loose_v in_o heaven_n mat._n 18.18_o this_o be_v not_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n nor_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n and_o it_o must_v be_v do_v by_o some_o power_n and_o this_o power_n must_v be_v exercise_v either_o by_o one_o or_o more_o or_o all_o according_a to_o some_o certain_a order_n and_o government_n be_v nothing_o but_o ordo_fw-la imperii_fw-la &_o subjectionis_fw-la 2._o that_o the_o church_n have_v but_o power_n to_o teach_v persuade_v counsel_n etc._n etc._n he_o prove_v first_o by_o his_o false_a supposition_n that_o christ_n do_v not_o reign_v until_o the_o universal_a resurrection_n second_o by_o that_o time_n of_o regeneration_n which_o he_o bound_v within_o the_o term_n of_o christ_n ascension_n and_o his_o second_o come_v to_o judgement_n the_o former_a argument_n be_v ground_v upon_o a_o false_a interpretation_n of_o our_o saviour_n word_n and_o so_o the_o late_a be_v for_o by_o regeneration_n in_o mat._n 19.28_o be_v mean_v the_o resurrection_n and_o so_o it_o be_v print_v and_o distinguish_v in_o divers_a cople_n and_o so_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n bibles_n read_v it_o as_o other_o also_o and_o the_o sense_n be_v they_o which_o have_v follow_v i_o shall_v in_o the_o regeneration_n that_o be_v resurrection_n sit_v upon_o twelve_o throne_n etc._n etc._n but_o suppose_v that_o regeneration_n be_v not_o the_o resurrection_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v a_o time_n of_o that_o continuance_n as_o to_o reach_v christ_n come_v to_o judgement_n but_o only_o the_o time_n of_o their_o follow_a christ_n which_o can_v extend_v beyond_o his_o ascension_n yet_o let_v it_o be_v grant_v that_o by_o it_o be_v signify_v the_o whole_a tract_n of_o time_n from_o his_o ascension_n till_o his_o come_n to_o judgement_n it_o will_v not_o follow_v from_o that_o text_n that_o christ_n do_v not_o reign_v till_o that_o time_n be_v expire_v for_o he_o may_v as_o he_o do_v reign_n and_o exercise_v many_o act_n of_o his_o regal_a power_n before_o he_o pass_v the_o final_a sentence_n upon_o all_o man_n and_o angel_n his_o other_o reason_n be_v frivolous_a and_o not_o ad_fw-la idem_fw-la yet_o his_o last_o argument_n save_o one_o be_v that_o because_o christ_n have_v leave_v to_o civil_a governor_n their_o power_n therefore_o he_o have_v leave_v none_o to_o the_o church_n and_o its_o true_a that_o he_o have_v leave_v no_o civil_a power_n of_o the_o sword_n to_o the_o church_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o hence_o follow_v that_o he_o have_v deny_v it_o the_o spiritual_a power_n of_o the_o key_n and_o here_o he_o make_v a_o most_o abominable_a digression_n affirm_v that_o we_o may_v deny_v or_o profess_v against_o our_o conscience_n and_o comply_v with_o civil_a power_n command_v and_o forbid_v contrary_a to_o that_o which_o christ_n have_v command_v and_o forbid_v and_o so_o have_v take_v away_o the_o ground_n of_o all_o martyrdom_n and_o raze_v the_o very_a foundation_n of_o our_o christian_a confession_n beside_o he_o seem_v to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o their_o power_n to_o preach_v and_o their_o power_n to_o teach_v but_o he_o will_v not_o let_v we_o know_v what_o this_o difference_n be_v and_o his_o argument_n tend_v to_o prove_v that_o minister_n have_v no_o power_n to_o command_v no_o authority_n yet_o the_o people_n be_v command_v to_o obey_v they_o that_o rule_n over_o they_o and_o submit_v themselves_o because_o they_o watch_v over_o their_o soul_n heb._n 13.17_o and_o he_o that_o hear_v they_o hear_v christ_n and_o god_n that_o send_v he_o and_o he_o that_o despise_v they_o despise_v christ_n and_o god_n that_o send_v he_o to_o that_o purpose_n we_o read_v in_o luk._n 10.17_o and_o how_o can_v this_o possible_o be_v true_a if_o this_o have_v no_o authority_n no_o law_n no_o sin_n to_o teach_v and_o preach_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o they_o who_o will_v not_o hear_v and_o obey_v shall_v be_v guilty_a as_o contemner_n of_o the_o divine_a majesty_n and_o so_o as_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v more_o tolerable_a for_o sodom_n in_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n then_o for_o they_o be_v to_o teach_v with_o authority_n and_o power_n and_o the_o same_o no_o doubt_n great_a than_o any_o prince_n civil_a in_o the_o world_n be_v invest_v withal_o for_o they_o can_v command_v so_o as_o to_o make_v the_o disobedient_a liable_a to_o eternal_a penalty_n he_o grant_v further_a that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o baptise_v and_o by_o baptism_n admit_v into_o christ_n kingdom_n which_o be_v a_o spiritual_a naturalisation_n and_o also_o to_o absolve_v and_o excommunicate_v yet_o the_o former_a be_v a_o act_n of_o legislation_n the_o latter_a of_o jurisdiction_n and_o how_o can_v that_o be_v perform_v without_o power_n thus_o the_o man_n be_v please_v to_o confute_v himself_o yet_o in_o the_o act_n of_o jurisdiction_n we_o do_v not_o affirm_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v infallible_a because_o they_o can_v have_v no_o infallible_a knowledge_n of_o the_o inward_a disposition_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o person_n penitent_a or_o impenitent_a yet_o sometime_o the_o evidence_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v such_o
too_o for_o such_o the_o jew_n here_o charge_v be_v so_o that_o all_o that_o can_v be_v either_o by_o he_o evident_o prove_v or_o by_o other_o grant_v be_v that_o if_o by_o nature_n he_o mean_v corruption_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o same_o not_o only_o original_a and_o native_a but_o also_o acquire_v by_o perpetual_a act_n so_o far_o as_o to_o quench_v the_o light_n of_o nature_n and_o suppress_v the_o vigour_n of_o those_o principle_n which_o god_n leave_v as_o relic_n of_o his_o image_n than_o his_o position_n may_v be_v true_a that_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o state_n of_o war._n second_o that_o by_o a_o well-constituted_n civil_a government_n to_o which_o nature_n incline_v man_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o peace_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o and_o better_a observe_v but_o i_o hasten_v to_o his_o definition_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o it_o be_v thus_o define_v by_o mr._n hobbs_n a_o commonwealth_n be_v a_o person_n of_o who_o act_n a_o great_a multitude_n by_o mutual_a covenant_n one_o with_o another_o have_v make_v themselves_o every_o one_o the_o author_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v use_v the_o strength_n and_o mean_n of_o they_o all_o as_o he_o shall_v think_v expedient_a for_o their_o peace_n and_o common_a defence_n g._n l._n 1._o this_o definition_n be_v obscure_a and_o may_v have_v be_v make_v more_o plain_a and_o easy_a and_o such_o as_o we_o read_v in_o other_o author_n 2._o it_o be_v imperfect_a and_o only_o tell_v we_o what_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la be_v and_o that_o most_o poor_o if_o not_o false_o too_o 3._o it_o may_v agree_v unto_o the_o head_n or_o captain_n of_o a_o sedition_n or_o rebellion_n or_o a_o company_n of_o thief_n and_o robber_n by_o land_n or_o pirate_n by_o sea_n nay_o but_o that_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o society_n or_o multitude_n of_o man_n it_o exact_o agree_v unto_o belzebub_n the_o prince_n of_o devil_n in_o a_o word_n it_o agree_v to_o any_o unlawful_a multitude_n unite_v to_o do_v mischief_n for_o here_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o reason_n or_o justice_n or_o law_n aristotle_n and_o other_o author_n use_v to_o qualify_v their_o definition_n of_o a_o state_n with_o some_o such_o term_n for_o they_o make_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d legitimam_fw-la ordinationem_fw-la and_o do_v not_o give_v up_o all_o to_o the_o sovereigns_n judgement_n which_o may_v be_v blind_v or_o his_o will_n which_o may_v be_v corrupt_v or_o his_o power_n which_o may_v act_v more_o like_o a_o beast_n then_o like_o a_o man_n 4._o a_o commonwealth_n may_v be_v define_v in_o another_o manner_n thus_o it_o be_v a_o community_n of_o man_n orderly_o subject_v to_o a_o supreme_a power_n civil_a that_o they_o may_v live_v peaceable_o in_o all_o godliness_n and_o honesty_n this_o definition_n or_o rather_o description_n be_v not_o so_o accurate_a yet_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o inform_v the_o reader_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o civil_a government_n somewhat_o better_a than_o the_o author_n have_v do_v in_o it_o we_o may_v consider_v 1._o the_o community_n as_o the_o matter_n and_o subject_a 2._o the_o supreme_a power_n civil_a inform_v this_o matter_n 3._o the_o orderly_a subjection_n unto_o it_o for_o peace_n and_o a_o good_a life_n 1._o the_o community_n be_v the_o matter_n of_o which_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v observe_v as_o 1._o that_o the_o name_n in_o greek_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a civitas_n which_o be_v not_o as_o the_o author_n say_v a_o commonwealth_n in_o proper_a sense_n for_o that_o in_o greek_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a respublica_fw-la 2._o that_o it_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o reasonable_a man_n not_o a_o leviathan_n which_o be_v a_o irrational_a brute_n the_o number_n of_o this_o multitude_n may_v be_v great_a or_o less_o and_o not_o certain_o determinable_a for_o ragusa_n a_o little_a city_n as_o well_o as_o the_o vast_a roman_a empire_n may_v be_v a_o community_n to_o make_v a_o perfect_a state_n 3._o this_o community_n must_v be_v associate_v and_o unite_v not_o only_o in_o vicinity_n of_o place_n which_o be_v convenient_a but_o also_o in_o some_o strict_a bond_n before_o they_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o a_o supreme_a power_n 4._o the_o member_n of_o this_o society_n be_v by_o nature_n free_a and_o by_o god_n to_o who_o they_o be_v subject_a leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o choose_v what_o governor_n or_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v yet_o so_o that_o they_o must_v desire_v and_o endeavour_v the_o best_a and_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v most_o conduce_v to_o peace_n and_o righteousness_n 5._o sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o and_o be_v so_o order_v by_o providence_n that_o a_o people_n who_o have_v continue_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n under_o a_o form_n of_o government_n return_v unto_o their_o first_o liberty_n yet_o even_o then_o when_o god_n do_v offer_v they_o a_o opportunity_n to_o establish_v the_o best_a form_n and_o constitution_n that_o they_o be_v fearful_o divide_v some_o be_v for_o the_o former_a government_n other_o idolize_v some_o new_a idea_n frame_v in_o their_o own_o brain_n other_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n get_v the_o sword_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o once_o possess_v of_o power_n be_v unwilling_a to_o part_v with_o it_o yet_o these_o sometime_o be_v dispossess_v again_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o people_n like_o so_o many_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v toss_v this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n by_o contrary_a wind_n like_v as_o in_o daniel_n vision_n when_o he_o see_v the_o four_o wind_n strive_v upon_o the_o great_a sea_n out_o of_o which_o arise_v the_o great_a empire_n of_o the_o world_n dan._n 7.2_o 3_o etc._n etc._n and_o all_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n and_o the_o wilful_a folly_n of_o man_n who_o be_v enemy_n to_o their_o own_o peace_n last_o in_o these_o many_o alteration_n of_o governor_n and_o form_n of_o government_n the_o community_n abide_v the_o same_o except_o it_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o sword_n as_o the_o amalakite_n and_o canaanite_n be_v or_o destroy_v by_o some_o extraordinary_a judgement_n as_o sodom_n and_o gomorrha_n with_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n from_o heaven_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n be_v the_o supreme_a power_n and_o here_o we_o must_v consider_v 1._o the_o nature_n of_o power_n in_o general_n 2._o the_o nature_n of_o supreme_a power_n civil_a 3._o the_o original_a of_o it_o 4._o the_o subject_a wherein_o it_o be_v fix_v 1._o power_n in_o latin_a potestas_fw-la in_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v jus_fw-la imperandi_fw-la a_o quality_n inherent_a in_o a_o superior_a as_o such_o whereby_o he_o can_v effectual_o command_v or_o bind_v any_o person_n subject_n as_o subject_a imperium_fw-la or_o command_n be_v proper_o a_o act_n of_o a_o superior_a will_n whereby_o the_o person_n subject_n be_v bind_v to_o obedience_n or_o punishment_n it_o presuppose_v the_o understanding_n and_o practical_a judgement_n whereby_o it_o be_v direct_v and_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n without_o a_o executive_a power_n and_o coactive_a force_n sufficient_a to_o protect_v the_o subject_a obey_n and_o punish_v he_o if_o he_o prove_v disobedient_a and_o because_o the_o judgement_n may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o the_o command_v unjust_a therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o jus_fw-la imperandi_fw-la without_o divine_a wisdom_n to_o direct_v the_o understanding_n and_o justice_n to_o regulate_v the_o will_n which_o be_v to_o direct_v the_o coactive_a force_n and_o though_o superior_n may_v in_o many_o thing_n abuse_v their_o superiority_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v superior_n though_o as_o abuse_v their_o power_n they_o be_v not_o superior_n because_o nulla_fw-la datur_fw-la potestas_fw-la ad_fw-la malum_fw-la none_o can_v have_v power_n to_o bind_v contrary_a to_o divine_a wisdom_n and_o justice_n 2._o supreme_a power_n civil_a which_o be_v in_o latin_a call_v majestas_fw-la which_o be_v maxima_fw-la potestas_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la may_v be_v define_v out_o of_o rom._n 13.1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o etc._n etc._n and_o 1_o pet._n 2.13_o to_o be_v a_o sword_n commit_v by_o god_n unto_o high_a power_n for_o to_o punish_v the_o bad_a and_o protect_v the_o good_a for_o 1._o in_o all_o government_n civil_a there_o must_v be_v a_o sword_n which_o be_v a_o outward_a coactive_a strength_n and_o force_n and_o the_o same_o sufficient_a for_o the_o end_n it_o be_v ordain_v and_o give_v by_o god_n how_o otherwise_o can_v there_o possible_o be_v any_o sufficient_a protection_n or_o punishment_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o community_n and_o territory_n and_o here_o two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sword_n must_v protect_v from_o enemy_n without_o and_o unjust_a subject_n within_o for_o the_o sword_n of_o war_n and_o justice_n be_v but_o one_o sword_n 2._o that_o there_o
be_v a_o plain_a difference_n between_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a power_n between_o the_o sword_n and_o the_o key_n for_o what_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n on_o earth_n be_v bind_v and_o make_v good_a on_o earth_n by_o a_o earthly_a sword_n but_o what_o be_v bind_v on_o earth_n by_o the_o spiritual_a power_n be_v bind_v in_o heaven_n and_o make_v good_a and_o execute_v by_o jesus_n christ_n and_o that_o by_o a_o spiritual_a force_n upon_o a_o divine_a promise_n second_o this_o sword_n must_v protect_v the_o good_a and_o punish_v the_o bad_a which_o imply_v there_o must_v be_v wise_a and_o just_a law_n 2._o there_o must_v be_v just_a judgement_n according_a to_o these_o law_n for_o otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v no_o true_a and_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o good_a and_o bad_a for_o to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o they_o that_o the_o one_o may_v be_v punish_v for_o violation_n the_o other_o protect_v for_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o here_o again_o we_o must_v note_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v a_o threefold_a power_n civil_a or_o rather_o three_o degree_n of_o that_o power_n the_o first_o be_v legislative_a the_o second_o judicial_a the_o three_o executive_a for_o legislation_n judgement_n and_o execution_n by_o the_o sword_n be_v the_o three_o essential_a act_n of_o supreme_a power_n civil_a in_o the_o administration_n of_o a_o state_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v no_o power_n to_o punish_v the_o good_a and_o protect_v the_o bad_a for_o the_o sword_n must_v execute_v according_a to_o judgement_n and_o that_o must_v pass_v according_a to_o law_n and_o both_o judgement_n and_o law_n must_v be_v regulate_v by_o divine_a wisdom_n and_o justice_n three_o this_o sword_n must_v be_v in_o the_o hand_n and_o possession_n of_o high_a or_o supereminent_a governor_n for_o a_o title_n without_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o sword_n can_v neither_o punish_v nor_o protect_v therefore_o in_o all_o state_n of_o the_o world_n they_o who_o have_v possession_n of_o the_o sword_n do_v rule_n let_v the_o title_n be_v what_o it_o will_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o no_o prince_n can_v rule_v when_o god_n have_v take_v away_o his_o sword_n it_o have_v be_v declare_v in_o some_o measure_n 1._o what_o power_n in_o general_n 2._o what_o power_n civil_a in_o particular_a be_v the_o three_o thing_n concern_v this_o supremacy_n of_o power_n to_o be_v examine_v be_v the_o original_n of_o it_o and_o the_o same_o text_n of_o the_o apostle_n paul_n tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v of_o god_n therefore_o in_o the_o definition_n i_o say_v that_o the_o sword_n be_v commit_v by_o god_n to_o high_a power_n who_o become_v such_o by_o this_o commission_n when_o god_n give_v they_o possession_n of_o the_o sword_n so_o that_o the_o original_a of_o this_o power_n be_v from_o god_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o power_n and_o the_o person_n possess_v of_o power_n for_o it_o be_v he_o that_o give_v understanding_n will_n and_o power_n sufficient_a for_o to_o govern_v he_o give_v wisdom_n and_o justice_n he_o command_v all_o society_n that_o have_v opportunity_n to_o set_v up_o a_o wise_a and_o just_a government_n for_o peace_n and_o godliness_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o person_n he_o design_v they_o either_o in_o a_o ordinary_a or_o extraordinary_a way_n he_o incline_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n to_o submit_v and_o obey_v he_o prevent_v sedition_n rebellion_n treason_n and_o such_o like_a act_n as_o tend_v to_o confusion_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o commonwealth_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o psalmist_n thou_o have_v deliver_v i_o from_o the_o strive_n of_o the_o people_n psal_n 18.43_o and_o it_o be_v god_n that_o subdue_v the_o people_n under_o i_o psal_n 47._o in_o this_o designation_n god_n sometime_o use_v the_o consent_n tacit_n or_o express_v sometime_o the_o force_n and_o consent_n of_o man._n four_o the_o subject_a of_o this_o power_n be_v either_o stand_v or_o movable_a the_o stand_a subject_n by_o nature_n be_v the_o community_n in_o who_o virtual_o it_o reside_v and_o be_v exercise_v by_o a_o general_a representative_a upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n or_o at_o certain_a determinate_a time_n and_o this_o be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o preserve_v liberty_n if_o these_o general_a assembly_n be_v well_o order_v and_o fit_a person_n right_o qualify_v be_v choose_v for_o its_o dangerous_a to_o trust_v either_o one_o man_n or_o a_o number_n of_o man_n with_o too_o much_o power_n &_o the_o constant_a exercise_n of_o the_o same_o this_o supreme_a power_n reserve_v to_o the_o whole_a community_n to_o be_v exercise_v as_o necessity_n or_o occasion_n shall_v require_v may_v be_v call_v realis_fw-la majestas_fw-la yet_o every_o community_n be_v neither_o so_o wise_a nor_o so_o happy_a for_o in_o most_o state_n we_o find_v only_o a_o personal_a majesty_n or_o supreme_a power_n and_o the_o same_o sometime_o despotical_a and_o too_o absolute_a yet_o in_o other_o commonwealth_n the_o supreme_a governor_n be_v limit_v and_o only_o trust_v with_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o power_n according_a to_o certain_a rule_n and_o fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o majesty_n or_o supreme_a power_n civil_a some_o writer_n have_v observe_v that_o it_o must_v be_v not_o only_o supreme_a but_o also_o perpetual_a and_o above_o law_n soluta_fw-la logibus_fw-la that_o it_o must_v be_v supreme_a and_o above_o all_o subordinate_a power_n within_o and_o independent_a upon_o all_o other_o sovereigns_n without_o its_o necessary_a it_o must_v be_v also_o perpetual_a and_o fix_v that_o it_o may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o extraordinary_a and_o temporary_a power_n trust_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o one_o or_o more_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n how_o far_o it_o be_v absolute_a or_o above_o the_o law_n i_o shall_v examine_v hereafter_o after_o the_o supreme_a power_n civil_a be_v determine_v and_o fix_v in_o a_o certain_a subject_n subjection_n to_o it_o follow_v which_o be_v the_o three_o thing_n in_o the_o definition_n regimen_fw-la est_fw-la ordo_fw-la imperii_fw-la &_o subjectionis_fw-la for_o in_o all_o government_n some_o must_v be_v above_o and_o have_v power_n to_o command_v some_o must_v be_v below_o and_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v and_o in_o a_o civil_a state_n there_o must_v be_v one_o universal_a supreme_a to_o which_o all_o other_o in_o the_o community_n must_v subject_v themselves_o this_o subjection_n must_v be_v rational_a free_a and_o orderly_o or_o else_o the_o state_n can_v continue_v long_o nor_o be_v well_o administer_v and_o wisdom_n must_v determine_v not_o only_o the_o general_a order_n of_o superior_a and_o inferior_a but_o also_o in_o particular_a the_o community_n must_v be_v divide_v into_o part_n with_o a_o co-ordination_a of_o equal_n and_o subordination_n of_o the_o unequal_o and_o of_o every_o several_a part_n unto_o the_o whole_a that_o so_o every_o one_o may_v know_v his_o place_n and_o rank_n that_o he_o may_v keep_v it_o therefore_o the_o apostle_n command_v every_o soul_n rom._n 13.1_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o bare_o to_o be_v subject_a any_o way_n but_o in_o a_o certain_a order_n for_o the_o community_n must_v be_v like_o a_o army_n put_v in_o array_n that_o so_o the_o supreme_a power_n may_v the_o better_o animate_v and_o order_v it_o upon_o which_o follow_v a_o more_o regular_a motion_n of_o this_o great_a body_n both_o in_o the_o whole_a and_o every_o part_n tend_v the_o more_o direct_o to_o peace_n godliness_n and_o honesty_n for_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a end_n of_o regular_a civil_a government_n the_o first_o be_v peace_n the_o second_o be_v godliness_n and_o honesty_n to_o which_o peace_n be_v subordinate_a for_o the_o apostle_n exhort_v we_o to_o pray_v for_o king_n and_o all_o that_o be_v in_o authority_n that_o we_o may_v lead_v a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a life_n in_o all_o godliness_n and_o honesty_n 1_o tim._n 2.1_o government_n be_v for_o peace_n peace_n for_o godliness_n and_o the_o performance_n of_o our_o duty_n towards_o god_n and_o honesty_n that_o we_o may_v live_v sober_o and_o just_o towards_o man_n when_o god_n do_v bless_v a_o people_n with_o a_o settle_a government_n and_o a_o happy_a peace_n for_o these_o be_v god_n blessing_n neither_o prince_n nor_o people_n must_v forget_v their_o god_n or_o live_v in_o luxury_n and_o deal_v unjust_o one_o with_o another_o for_o these_o thing_n offend_v he_o provoke_v he_o to_o anger_n and_o pull_v down_o his_o judgement_n upon_o they_o he_o expect_v piety_n and_o honesty_n from_o every_o one_o even_o from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a and_o these_o earthly_a state_n be_v erect_v and_o subordinate_v to_o a_o high_a end_n than_o peace_n and_o plenty_n here_o on_o earth_n they_o shall_v be_v so_o order_v as_o to_o prepare_v man_n for_o eternity_n otherwise_o regna_fw-la be_v but_o latrocinia_fw-la a_o den_n of_o thief_n and_o a_o combination_n of_o devil_n thus_o much_o i_o think_v
good_a to_o deliver_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n civil_a the_o distribution_n follow_v mr._n hobbs_n a_o commonwealth_n be_v either_o by_o institution_n or_o acquisition_n g._n l._n this_o be_v not_o the_o distribution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n either_o into_o the_o integral_a part_n which_o be_v two_o 1._o the_o sovereign_a 2._o the_o subject_n not_o into_o the_o kind_n for_o those_o be_v usual_o take_v from_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o dispose_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o one_o or_o more_o to_o make_v it_o monarchical_a or_o polycratical_a but_o it_o be_v a_o distinction_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o acquire_v supreme_a power_n and_o the_o ordinary_a way_n or_o rather_o mean_n whereby_o it_o be_v acquire_v be_v either_o by_o force_n or_o consent_n yet_o this_o distinction_n be_v imperfect_a for_o there_o be_v other_o mean_n beside_o these_o neither_o when_o supreme_a power_n be_v obtain_v either_o by_o force_n or_o consent_n be_v a_o commonwealth_n frame_v the_o power_n be_v always_o derive_v from_o god_n as_o before_o and_o he_o take_v it_o from_o one_o and_o give_v to_o another_o either_o in_o a_o extraordinary_a or_o a_o ordinary_a way_n of_o providence_n as_o by_o give_v a_o final_a victory_n or_o incline_v man_n heart_n and_o that_o upon_o several_a reason_n to_o submit_v and_o sometime_o so_o that_o if_o they_o have_v liberty_n and_o power_n they_o will_v not_o consent_v at_o all_o and_o though_o man_n may_v be_v unjust_a in_o desire_v and_o seek_v yet_o he_o be_v just_a in_o give_v it_o and_o by_o the_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o a_o power_n acquire_v and_o hold_v by_o force_n can_v govern_v without_o a_o tacit_n consent_n at_o least_o so_o that_o all_o commonwealth_n be_v by_o consent_n 2._o no_o man_n or_o man_n can_v govern_v any_o people_n long_o by_o force_n except_o it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n to_o punish_v and_o oppress_v they_o with_o a_o iron_n rod_n for_o their_o transgression_n cap._n ii_o of_o the_o second_o part_n and_o the_o eighteen_o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o right_n of_o sovereign_n by_o institution_n this_o chapter_n inform_v we_o what_o the_o right_n of_o sovereign_n once_o constitute_v be_v in_o every_o commonwealth_n there_o must_v be_v a_o supreme_a power_n fix_v in_o some_o certain_a subject_n this_o be_v essential_a to_o it_o yet_o though_o this_o be_v a_o principal_a thing_n to_o be_v do_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o all_o neither_o be_v do_v do_v it_o make_v a_o complete_a commonwealth_n his_o covenant_n of_o every_o one_o with_o every_o one_o for_o to_o design_n a_o sovereign_n be_v but_o a_o utopian_a fancy_n for_o by_o the_o best_a history_n we_o may_v understand_v that_o many_o state_n have_v attain_v to_o a_o settle_a form_n of_o regular_a government_n by_o degree_n in_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n and_o that_o by_o several_a alteration_n intervening_a so_o that_o the_o law_n of_o their_o constitution_n be_v rather_o custom_n then_o any_o write_a charter_n some_o community_n come_v under_o a_o form_n of_o government_n more_o sudden_o and_o by_o a_o way_n fortuitous_a unto_o man_n though_o not_o so_o to_o god_n and_o in_o this_o point_n the_o practice_n of_o former_a time_n not_o the_o fancy_n and_o speculation_n of_o man_n must_v instruct_v we_o t._n h._n the_o first_o of_o the_o twelve_o right_n of_o the_o sovereign_n be_v that_o subject_n can_v change_v the_o form_n of_o government_n g._n l._n that_o community_n which_o have_v power_n and_o liberty_n to_o alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n to_o the_o better_a do_v not_o their_o duty_n or_o be_v not_o wise_a if_o they_o do_v it_o not_o and_o it_o be_v wisdom_n in_o any_o people_n to_o reserve_v the_o power_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n to_o be_v use_v as_o occasion_n opportunity_n and_o necessity_n shall_v require_v as_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o reform_v the_o state_n when_o it_o be_v corrupt_v so_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o alter_v the_o form_n when_o without_o a_o alteration_n reformation_n can_v be_v obtain_v that_o the_o subject_n have_v no_o power_n to_o alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n may_v be_v grant_v for_o subject_n as_o subject_n must_v submit_v unto_o the_o power_n establish_v not_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o high_a and_o most_o transcendent_a prerogative_n of_o all_o other_o yet_o this_o be_v no_o right_a of_o the_o sovereign_n nor_o to_o be_v reckon_v inter_fw-la jura_n majestatis_fw-la for_o the_o sovereign_n himself_o have_v no_o right_a of_o himself_o to_o change_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n before_o this_o can_v be_v do_v the_o people_n must_v return_v unto_o the_o original_a state_n of_o liberty_n and_o to_o a_o community_n which_o in_o england_n be_v not_o a_o parliament_n but_o the_o forty_o county_n upon_o this_o ground_n some_o have_v say_v that_o a_o parliament_n can_v alter_v the_o government_n what_o man_n may_v do_v upon_o a_o dissolution_n and_o in_o a_o case_n of_o real_a not_o pretend_v necessity_n be_v another_o matter_n but_o let_v we_o hear_v his_o reason_n t._n h._n the_o first_o upon_o supposition_n of_o no_o former_a obligation_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o that_o covenant_n whereby_o they_o make_v themselves_o author_n of_o every_o act_n the_o sovereign_a do_v or_o shall_v judge_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v 2._o if_o they_o depose_v the_o sovereign_n that_o which_o be_v his_o own_o and_o they_o have_v former_o give_v he_o they_o take_v away_o unjust_o 3._o if_o any_o attempt_v to_o depose_v his_o sovereign_n be_v kill_v or_o punish_v he_o be_v author_n of_o his_o own_o punishment_n 4._o a_o new_a covenant_n pretend_v to_o be_v make_v with_o god_n can_v free_v they_o from_o offence_n and_o injustice_n in_o their_o disobedience_n unto_o their_o sovereign_n because_o they_o can_v make_v no_o covenant_n with_o god_n without_o his_o lieutenant_n which_o be_v the_o prince_n g._n l._n 1._o i_o grant_v as_o former_o that_o a_o subject_a as_o such_o can_v act_v to_o change_v the_o government_n or_o depose_v his_o lawful_a sovereign_n 2._o they_o who_o set_v up_o a_o sovereign_n and_o by_o covenant_n advance_v he_o to_o the_o throne_n must_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v free_a from_o all_o former_a superior_a obligation_n which_o can_v stand_v with_o this_o but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o purpose_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o subject_n can_v change_v the_o form_n of_o government_n in_o any_o case_n and_o whether_o the_o subject_n may_v not_o be_v free_v and_o that_o lawful_o from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o cease_v to_o be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o subject_n that_o it_o many_o time_n fall_v out_o so_o to_o be_v be_v evident_a for_o by_o civil_a war_n by_o foreign_a invasion_n transmigration_n and_o other_o way_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o subject_n be_v free_a from_o their_o sovereign_n who_o can_v protect_v they_o and_o in_o such_o case_n if_o god_n give_v they_o power_n they_o may_v alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n if_o it_o may_v be_v for_o the_o best_a but_o to_o come_v more_o close_o unto_o his_o first_o reason_n let_v we_o suppose_v as_o he_o affirm_v that_o a_o people_n by_o covenant_n have_v set_v up_o a_o particular_a person_n to_o be_v a_o monarch_n and_o so_o make_v themselves_o author_n of_o all_o his_o act_n whether_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o you_o by_o a_o new_a covenant_n to_o obey_v another_o or_o cast_v off_o monarchy_n or_o transfer_v his_o person_n upon_o another_o without_o injustice_n he_o say_v you_o can_v without_o breach_n of_o covenant_n do_v it_o but_o 1._o he_o here_o presuppose_v his_o former_a utopian_a fancy_n of_o a_o covenant_n of_o every_o man_n with_o every_o man_n whereas_o its_o plain_a few_o state_n of_o the_o world_n now_o in_o power_n be_v thus_o constitute_v 2._o sovereign_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n 1._o such_o as_o in_o who_o the_o supreme_a power_n do_v constant_o and_o immediate_o abide_v 2._o such_o as_o be_v such_o only_a for_o execution_n and_o administration_n to_o these_o latter_a the_o subject_n bound_v themselves_o to_o be_v faithful_a so_o far_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v faithful_a to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v they_o not_o jurc_n dominii_fw-la by_o absolute_a right_n with_o a_o power_n to_o alienate_v they_o or_o destroy_v they_o for_o every_o subject_n be_v first_o bind_v to_o be_v faithful_a to_o their_o country_n then_o unto_o their_o king_n who_o swear_v to_o maintain_v the_o law_n liberty_n and_o religion_n by_o law_n establish_v these_o can_v bind_v we_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n of_o nature_n nor_o against_o our_o country_n but_o with_o this_o author_n every_o monarch_n be_v absolute_a and_o in_o particular_a the_o king_n of_o england_n among_o the_o rest_n 3._o suppose_v a_o covenant_n with_o a_o sovereign_n absolute_a or_o limit_v be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n
wherein_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o solomon_n place_n and_o duty_n as_o king_n of_o israel_n and_o that_o be_v to_o judge_v that_o people_n 2._o that_o this_o duty_n can_v not_o be_v well_o perform_v without_o wisdom_n 3._o god_n do_v give_v wisdom_n for_o that_o purpose_n these_o thing_n be_v employ_v 4._o solomon_n prase_n for_o wisdom_n to_o that_o end_n neither_o from_o his_o place_n or_o prayer_n will_v it_o follow_v that_o he_o have_v the_o supreme_a absolute_a legislative_a power_n in_o himself_o alone_o neither_o indeed_o have_v he_o any_o such_o thing_n at_o all_o for_o god_n have_v make_v the_o law_n both_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a and_o he_o can_v neither_o alter_v or_o abrogate_v they_o but_o be_v bind_v precise_o and_o strict_o to_o judge_v according_a to_o they_o and_o neither_o depart_n unto_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o the_o left_a and_o suppose_v solomon_n have_v be_v invest_v with_o this_o power_n do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o all_o other_o king_n have_v the_o like_a the_o rest_n which_o follow_v be_v not_o worthy_a any_o answer_n he_o instance_v 1._o in_o saul_n who_o be_v their_o lord_n anoint_v david_n do_v not_o slay_v though_o he_o be_v in_o his_o power_n and_o what_o follow_v hence_o but_o only_o thus_o much_o that_o no_o man_n in_o david_n case_n and_o of_o david_n conscience_n dare_v secret_o put_v to_o death_n a_o king_n anoint_v by_o god_n special_a and_o immediate_a word_n 2._o servant_n must_v obey_v their_o master_n and_o child_n their_o parent_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o what_o be_v this_o to_o purpose_n do_v it_o hence_o follow_v that_o all_o king_n have_v absolute_a power_n what_o impertinent_a and_o absurd_a illation_n be_v these_o but_o 3._o christ_n disciple_n must_v observe_v and_o do_v all_o that_o the_o scribe_n and_o pharisee_n bid_v they_o as_o sit_v in_o moses_n chair_n from_o hence_o it_o can_v be_v conclude_v that_o they_o have_v sovereign_a power_n civil_a no_o more_o than_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n have_v it_o because_o the_o people_n must_v observe_v and_o do_v all_o that_o they_o bid_v they_o out_o of_o the_o gospel_n 4._o paul_n charge_v titus_n cap._n 3.2_o to_o warn_v the_o people_n of_o crect_n that_o they_o subject_n themselves_o to_o prince_n and_o to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o authority_n and_o obey_v they_o and_o his_o gloss_n be_v this_o be_v simple_a obedience_n what_o be_v this_o to_o absolute_a and_o supreme_a power_n by_o this_o may_v be_v as_o easy_o prove_v that_o every_o petty_a officer_n have_v supreme_a power_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o for_o a_o officer_n must_v be_v obey_v because_o he_o be_v in_o authority_n 5._o christ_n command_v to_o give_v to_o caesar_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v caesar_n and_o pay_v tax_v himself_o all_o that_o can_v be_v infer_v from_o hence_o be_v that_o tribute_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o who_o tribute_n be_v due_a and_o that_o it_o be_v due_a from_o province_n to_o their_o supreme_a governor_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o these_o place_n amount_n to_o thus_o much_o in_o politic_n that_o the_o chief_a command_n in_o war_n just_a judgement_n in_o peace_n or_o the_o exercise_n of_o jurisdiction_n belong_v unto_o the_o king_n of_o judah_n and_o tribute_n to_o the_o roman_a emperor_n how_o many_o plain_a and_o express_v place_n of_o scripture_n may_v have_v be_v produce_v to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v a_o legislative_a judicial_a executive_a power_n in_o every_o state_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v exercise_v by_o some_o certain_a person_n design_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o author_n have_v no_o need_n to_o lay_v the_o weight_n of_o his_o praise_n for_o these_o thing_n upon_o such_o place_n as_o do_v but_o tacit_o and_o by_o way_n of_o intimation_n point_n at_o some_o of_o they_o but_o why_o he_o shall_v falsify_v the_o translation_n abuse_v so_o many_o text_n make_v such_o woeful_a illation_n from_o some_o of_o they_o and_o so_o impertinent_o allege_v they_o i_o know_v no_o reason_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o intolerable_a that_o in_o the_o last_o example_n he_o shall_v make_v christ_n jesus_n the_o civil_a sovereign_n of_o the_o jew_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o humiliation_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o civil_a power_n to_o take_v another_o man_n ass_n as_o his_o own_o which_o he_o do_v but_o desire_v to_o borrow_v and_o use_v for_o a_o little_a journey_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n that_o the_o sin_n of_o our_o first_o parent_n in_o desire_v to_o be_v as_o god_n know_v good_a and_o evil_n be_v a_o ambition_n to_o become_v civil_a sovereign_n he_o may_v persuade_v we_o to_o believe_v when_o he_o can_v prove_v it_o t._n h._n pag._n 106._o sovereign_a power_n ought_v in_o all_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v absolute_a g._n l._n this_o i_o read_v in_o the_o margin_n and_o to_o his_o understanding_n its_o plain_a both_o from_o reason_n and_o scripture_n that_o it_o be_v as_o great_a as_o possible_o a_o man_n can_v be_v imagine_v to_o make_v it_o this_o be_v plain_o ridiculous_a for_o what_o can_v man_n imagine_v see_v their_o imagination_n can_v reach_v to_o wonder_n impossibility_n and_o many_o thing_n far_o above_o a_o civil_a sovereign_a power_n and_o here_o be_v a_o sit_v occasion_n offer_v to_o examine_v what_o absolute_a power_n be_v and_o in_o what_o respect_n sovereignty_n be_v absolute_a there_o be_v no_o power_n as_o there_o be_v no_o be_v absolute_a but_o that_o of_o god_n who_o power_n be_v his_o be_v civil_a supreme_a power_n be_v say_v to_o be_v absolute_a because_o its_o soluta_fw-la legibus_fw-la free_a from_o the_o law_n and_o not_o limit_v and_o oblige_v by_o they_o yet_o the_o law_n from_o which_o they_o be_v free_a as_o be_v above_o they_o be_v only_o civil_a law_n make_v by_o themselves_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o state_n where_o they_o be_v sovereign_a for_o they_o be_v so_o strict_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n nature_n god_n which_o be_v but_o all_o one_o divine_a law_n as_o they_o have_v not_o the_o least_o power_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n either_o as_o private_a person_n or_o public_a sovereign_n against_o they_o except_o they_o will_v dethrone_v themselves_o provoke_v the_o wrath_n of_o god_n and_o bring_v his_o judgement_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v beside_o subject_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v above_o any_o particular_a sovereign_n though_o never_o so_o great_a they_o be_v indeed_o above_o their_o own_o law_n and_o may_v not_o only_o alter_v many_o thing_n in_o they_o but_o abrogate_v they_o yet_o so_o as_o all_o this_o tend_v to_o the_o public_a good_a they_o may_v act_v upon_o occasion_n above_o and_o beside_o they_o as_o the_o general_a good_a shall_v require_v it_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v unto_o formality_n but_o may_v omit_v they_o yet_o all_o this_o be_v but_o little_a and_o confine_v to_o the_o narrow_a compass_n of_o thing_n indifferent_a as_o they_o be_v subordinate_a to_o pure_a moral_n it_o be_v true_a that_o their_o power_n be_v in_o some_o respect_n arbitrary_a yet_o if_o they_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o either_o in_o itself_o or_o in_o the_o circumstance_n only_o be_v unjust_a they_o offend_v and_o transgress_v the_o bound_n god_n have_v put_v unto_o their_o power_n and_o here_o we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o the_o sovereign_n for_o the_o constitution_n and_o the_o sovereign_n for_o administration_n the_o former_a have_v more_o power_n than_o the_o late_a who_o only_o be_v above_o the_o law_n of_o administration_n yet_o both_o must_v be_v just_a for_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o be_v unjust_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o prince_n desire_v to_o be_v god_n absolute_a independent_a above_o all_o law_n and_o to_o have_v a_o privilege_n to_o do_v what_o they_o listen_v and_o a_o right_a to_o do_v wrong_n and_o it_o be_v a_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o flatter_v they_o and_o make_v they_o believe_v their_o power_n to_o be_v great_a than_o indeed_o it_o be_v for_o this_o be_v the_o very_a highway_n unto_o ruin_n wise_a man_n have_v advise_v all_o prince_n to_o observe_v their_o own_o law_n make_v by_o themselves_o and_o by_o their_o example_n encourage_v their_o subject_n to_o obedience_n and_o this_o be_v a_o effectual_a mean_n to_o procure_v their_o safety_n and_o confirm_v they_o in_o their_o power_n and_o the_o love_n of_o their_o subject_n cap._n v._o of_o the_o second_o part_n the_o one_o and_o twenty_o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n the_o subject_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v as_o in_o the_o argument_n the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n which_o follow_v the_o power_n of_o sovereign_n in_o this_o discourse_n and_o because_o his_o method_n be_v no_o method_n but_o rather_o a_o confusion_n i_o do_v forbear_v to_o reduce_v the_o chapter_n either_o to_o certain_a head_n or_o proposition_n and_o will_v only_o observe_v some_o
few_o passage_n to_o manifest_v that_o he_o never_o understand_v what_o liberty_n be_v liberty_n of_o subject_n be_v not_o natural_a nor_o moral_a nor_o theological_a but_o political_a and_o civil_a in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o politic_n it_o be_v oppose_v to_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n not_o simple_o and_o mere_o to_o obligation_n by_o law_n as_o he_o fanci_v for_o thus_o he_o write_v t._n h._n so_o man_n have_v also_o make_v artificial_a charm_n call_v civil_a law_n which_o they_o themselves_o by_o mutual_a covenant_n have_v fasten_v at_o one_o end_n to_o the_o lip_n of_o the_o sovereign_n at_o the_o other_o to_o their_o own_o ear_n g._n l._n the_o author_n meaning_n be_v that_o so_o far_o as_o law_n bound_v the_o subject_n so_o far_o they_o take_v away_o his_o liberty_n and_o man_n by_o constitution_n of_o a_o sovereign_n over_o they_o give_v a_o power_n absolute_a to_o make_v law_n and_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v virtual_o subject_a to_o his_o power_n and_o actual_o bind_v by_o his_o law_n they_o can_v be_v free_a yet_o this_o well_o examine_v will_v not_o prove_v true_a for_o not_o any_o kind_n of_o obligation_n take_v it_o away_o for_o then_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v before_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o civil_a sovereign_n shall_v deprive_v he_o of_o his_o liberty_n yet_o they_o leave_v he_o as_o free_v a_o man_n as_o any_o possible_o in_o a_o free-state_n can_v be_v the_o obligation_n of_o just_a law_n and_o wise_a edict_n do_v regulate_v liberty_n keep_v it_o within_o its_o proper_a bound_n and_o no_o way_n destroy_v it_o or_o take_v it_o away_o therefore_o that_o which_o follow_v be_v questionable_a for_o he_o affirm_v t_o h._n that_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n therefore_o lie_v only_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o regulate_v their_o action_n the_o sovereign_n have_v pretermit_v g._n l._n but_o 1._o in_o thing_n leave_v indifferent_a because_o not_o define_v by_o law_n the_o subject_n be_v not_o only_a libre_fw-la sed_fw-la dominus_fw-la and_o have_v not_o only_a libertatem_fw-la but_o potestatem_fw-la he_o be_v not_o only_o free_a but_o lord_n of_o those_o action_n and_o have_v not_o only_a liberty_n but_o also_o a_o absolute_a power_n 2._o though_o wise_a and_o just_a law_n do_v regulate_v action_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o make_v the_o agent_n a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n for_o to_o be_v a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v below_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o man_n and_o make_v he_o subject_a to_o some_o thing_n below_o himself_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereign_n much_o more_o above_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n they_o be_v particle_n of_o the_o divine_a perfection_n and_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o be_v not_o only_o a_o liberty_n but_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v free_a from_o the_o dominion_n of_o our_o own_o base_a lust_n and_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n of_o satan_n be_v true_a liberty_n divine_a and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o lust_n and_o imperious_a unworthy_a command_n of_o absolute_a sovereign_n who_o will_n though_o irrational_a &_o contrary_a to_o justice_n must_v stand_v for_o law_n be_v civil_a liberty_n and_o then_o a_o man_n be_v political_o free_a when_o he_o be_v so_o far_o master_n of_o his_o life_n good_n child_n and_o that_o which_o be_v just_o he_o that_o they_o can_v be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o but_o for_o some_o crime_n contrary_a to_o just_a law_n deserve_v such_o a_o penalty_n in_o a_o word_n the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n be_v such_o a_o state_n or_o condition_n as_o that_o he_o be_v neither_o by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n nor_o any_o law_n bind_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o a_o rational_a and_o just_a man_n will_v not_o willing_o do_v though_o there_o be_v no_o law_n or_o penalty_n civil_a at_o all_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v free_a from_o law_n and_o i_o do_v not_o know_v who_o they_o be_v which_o he_o say_v demand_v any_o such_o thing_n the_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a people_n and_o also_o all_o child_n of_o belial_n desire_v to_o have_v a_o licence_n not_o only_o to_o do_v good_a but_o evil_a too_o as_o they_o please_v and_o they_o judge_v all_o law_n as_o heavy_a burden_n and_o grievous_a yoke_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n demand_v the_o benefit_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n do_v aim_n at_o any_o such_o extravagant_a liberty_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o slanderer_n of_o his_o own_o fellow-subject_n and_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o english_a liberty_n as_o indeed_o he_o be_v and_o that_o through_o a_o erroneous_a notion_n and_o conceit_n of_o absolute_a power_n civil_a the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v very_o great_a and_o such_o as_o if_o we_o either_o consider_v the_o law_n of_o the_o constitution_n or_o administration_n the_o ordinary_a and_o common_a subject_n of_o other_o nation_n be_v but_o slave_n unto_o they_o our_o freeholders_n have_v the_o choice_n of_o their_o knight_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o parliament_n so_o that_o neither_o any_o law_n can_v be_v make_v nor_o money_n impose_v upon_o they_o without_o their_o verbal_a consent_n give_v by_o their_o representative_n in_o all_o cause_n civil_a criminal_a capital_a no_o judgement_n can_v pass_v against_o they_o but_o by_o the_o verdict_n of_o a_o jury_n make_v up_o of_o their_o neighbour_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v a_o excellent_a privilege_n the_o civilian_n say_v libertas_n est_fw-la res_fw-la inestimabilis_fw-la and_o to_o be_v redeem_v at_o any_o rate_n much_o more_o the_o english_a liberty_n be_v to_o be_v value_v and_o ever_o be_v by_o our_o ancestor_n who_o obtain_v it_o recover_v it_o keep_v it_o though_o with_o the_o blood_n of_o many_o thousand_o but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o liberty_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o sovereign_n power_n his_o opinion_n be_v t._n h._n that_o by_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o sovereign_n power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n be_v neither_o abolish_v nor_o limit_v g._n l._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o sovereign_n power_n and_o the_o subject_n liberty_n be_v consistent_a for_o the_o sovereign_n may_v take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o his_o subject_n yet_o according_a to_o the_o evidence_n of_o judgement_n agreeable_a to_o law_n no_o otherwise_o yet_o he_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o the_o king_n be_v supreme_a and_o the_o primary_n subject_n owner_n and_o possessor_n of_o the_o original_a power_n which_o sometime_o may_v be_v yet_o with_o we_o its_o far_o otherwise_o 2._o that_o the_o power_n of_o civil_a sovereign_n be_v absolute_a for_o with_o he_o t._n h._n nothing_o the_o sovereign_n representative_a can_v do_v to_o a_o subject_n on_o what_o pretence_n soever_o can_v proper_o be_v call_v injustice_n or_o injury_n because_o every_o subject_n be_v author_n of_o every_o act_n the_o sovereign_n do_v so_o that_o he_o never_o want_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n otherwise_o then_o as_o he_o himself_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o god_n and_o bind_v thereby_o to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n when_o jephtah_n sacrifice_v his_o daughter_n and_o david_n murder_v uriah_n both_o innocent_a yet_o they_o do_v they_o no_o injustice_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n here_o he_o seem_v to_o contradict_v himself_o for_o he_o grant_v two_o thing_n 1._o that_o the_o sovereign_n be_v subject_n to_o god_n 2._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n yet_o he_o say_v he_o can_v do_v no_o injustice_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o that_o he_o have_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o be_v limit_v by_o subjection_n to_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 1._o if_o he_o be_v god_n subject_n as_o certain_o he_o be_v it_o follow_v 1._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v but_o trust_v as_o a_o servant_n with_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o power_n civil_a 2._o that_o he_o be_v fellow-subject_n with_o his_o subject_n 3._o he_o may_v do_v injustice_n as_o one_o fellow_n subject_n may_v wrong_v another_o second_o if_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n then_o 1._o he_o be_v not_o absolute_a or_o solutus_fw-la legibus_fw-la his_o power_n be_v limit_v and_o bound_v by_o these_o law_n 2._o then_o he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o murder_v oppress_v and_o destroy_v his_o innocent_a subject_n who_o be_v more_o god_n than_o he_o and_o only_o trust_v by_o god_n in_o his_o hand_n for_o to_o be_v protect_v right_v in_o all_o just_a cause_n and_o vindicate_v from_o all_o wrong_n 3._o no_o prince_n or_o sovereign_n can_v assume_v or_o any_o people_n give_v to_o any_o person_n or_o person_n any_o the_o least_o power_n above_o or_o contrary_a unto_o the_o
have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o sovereign_a power_n yet_o this_o he_o have_v not_o as_o a_o single_a person_n but_o as_o one_o person_n joint_o with_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o major_a part_n at_o least_o of_o the_o people_n so_o in_o our_o parliament_n every_o man_n there_o be_v as_o a_o single_a person_n and_o all_o of_o they_o any_o way_n consider_v but_o as_o the_o joint_a representative_a of_o the_o people_n in_o a_o certain_a place_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n act_v according_a to_o a_o certain_a order_n be_v but_o subject_n yet_o in_o the_o capacity_n and_o habitude_n of_o a_o parliament_n they_o be_v no_o subject_n but_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n have_v a_o legislative_a power_n and_o exercise_v the_o high_a act_n of_o government_n except_v those_o of_o the_o constitution_n and_o this_o may_v be_v one_o reason_n why_o our_o english_a ancestor_n have_v be_v so_o careful_a to_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v this_o great_a court_n and_o assembly_n of_o parliament_n because_o they_o know_v upon_o that_o depend_v their_o liberty_n in_o the_o vacancy_n and_o interval_n of_o parliament_n for_o take_v away_o this_o and_o our_o liberty_n be_v go_v and_o wise_a man_n know_v that_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o english_a subject_n depend_v upon_o these_o great_a assembly_n some_o therefore_o have_v attempt_v either_o the_o total_a extirpation_n of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n or_o a_o diminution_n of_o their_o power_n and_o privilege_n so_o as_o to_o make_v they_o mere_a shadow_n if_o any_o say_v and_o infer_v from_o all_o this_o that_o therefore_o the_o form_n of_o our_o government_n even_o under_o king_n be_v popular_a and_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o free-state_n i_o say_v it_o have_v much_o of_o a_o free-state_n in_o the_o constitution_n but_o not_o in_o the_o administration_n yet_o it_o be_v far_o different_a from_o those_o four_o kind_n of_o popular_a government_n mention_v by_o aristotle_n pol._n lib._n 6._o c._n 4._o the_o constitution_n whereof_o be_v little_o better_a than_o level_v the_o principal_a thing_n aim_v at_o in_o such_o form_n as_o the_o author_n allege_v out_o of_o the_o philosopher_n cap._n 2._o ejusdem_fw-la libri_fw-la be_v liberty_n suppose_v it_o can_v be_v have_v no_o where_o but_o in_o such_o government_n and_o this_o liberty_n be_v to_o do_v either_o what_o they_o please_v or_o to_o govern_v by_o course_n fear_v lest_o any_o person_n or_o person_n continue_v long_o in_o any_o eminent_a place_n of_o command_n will_v in_o time_n engross_v the_o power_n yet_o this_o supposition_n be_v false_a for_o liberty_n may_v be_v have_v without_o level_v and_o free-state_n may_v be_v and_o have_v be_v better_o constitute_v and_o regulate_v for_o no_o constitution_n be_v good_a where_o provision_n be_v not_o make_v that_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n rather_o than_o person_n may_v govern_v and_o the_o multitude_n so_o keep_v under_o as_o that_o they_o may_v be_v subject_n not_o rebel_n and_o cast_v off_o all_o power_n to_o return_v unto_o the_o matter_n propose_v and_o conclude_v this_o point_n 1._o the_o english_a liberty_n be_v their_o birthright_n 2._o it_o be_v not_o the_o power_n of_o sovereign_n 3._o it_o be_v not_o unlimited_a but_o bound_v within_o reasonable_a bound_n 4._o we_o do_v not_o learn_v it_o out_o of_o the_o greek_a and_o roman_a history_n nor_o from_o the_o athenian_n or_o roman_n but_o from_o our_o own_o law_n which_o be_v far_o different_a from_o they_o and_o far_o more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o write_a law_n of_o god_n which_o leave_v the_o people_n of_o israel_n under_o their_o judge_n the_o free_a people_n of_o the_o world_n and_o yet_o no_o leveller_n 5._o our_o learning_n out_o of_o greek_a and_o latin_a author_n have_v not_o be_v buy_v so_o dear_a or_o cost_v so_o much_o blood_n except_o out_o of_o the_o breech_n of_o school-hoye_n and_o most_o of_o those_o who_o have_v control_v the_o just_a act_n of_o their_o sovereign_n never_o read_v much_o less_o understand_v those_o author_n t._n h._n page_n 111_o 112_o 113._o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v neither_o determine_v by_o his_o first_o submission_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n nor_o by_o the_o law_n g._n l._n this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o three_o page_n and_o amount_n to_o so_o much_o as_o may_v easy_o be_v comprise_v in_o a_o few_o word_n for_o when_o a_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o constitution_n or_o administration_n he_o be_v free_a according_a to_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o judgement_n yet_o in_o proper_a sense_n in_o both_o these_o case_n he_o be_v no_o subject_n but_o dominus_fw-la and_o far_o more_o than_o libre_fw-la the_o civilian_n do_v better_a determine_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n to_o be_v potestatem_fw-la agendi_fw-la sub_fw-la publicae_fw-la defensionis_fw-la praesidio_fw-la though_o this_o be_v no_o perfect_a definition_n as_o before_o so_o now_o i_o say_v that_o liberty_n here_o be_v not_o oppose_v to_o obligation_n but_o servitude_n for_o â—o_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o wise_a sovereign_n according_a to_o just_a law_n be_v so_o much_o liberty_n as_o any_o reasonable_a man_n can_v desire_v for_o in_o this_o respect_n he_o be_v rather_o subject_a to_o god_n then_o man_n and_o to_o serve_v he_o be_v doubtless_o perfect_a freedom_n as_o no_o sovereign_n shall_v be_v deny_v so_o much_o power_n as_o to_o protect_v the_o least_o if_o innocent_a and_o to_o punish_v the_o great_a if_o guilty_a so_o no_o subject_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o do_v evil_a which_o be_v servitude_n and_o bondage_n indeed_o or_o restrain_v from_o do_v that_o good_a which_o god_n command_v he_o civil_a government_n be_v never_o ordain_v by_o god_n to_o be_v destructive_a either_o of_o moral_a or_o divine_a virtue_n or_o of_o the_o noble_a condition_n of_o man_n as_o a_o rational_a creature_n therefore_o regular_a submission_n unto_o supreme_a power_n will_v never_o stand_v with_o any_o obligation_n unto_o evil_n or_o contract_n for_o protection_n except_v in_o innocency_n paul_n plead_v before_o festus_n say_v if_o i_o be_v a_o offender_n or_o have_v commit_v any_o thing_n worthy_a of_o death_n i_o refuse_v not_o to_o die_v act_v 25.11_o how_o this_o can_v stand_v with_o what_o this_o author_n say_v when_o he_o affirm_v that_o its_o lawful_a for_o a_o man_n guilty_a and_o condemn_v to_o save_v himself_o if_o he_o can_v i_o leave_v to_o other_o for_o to_o examine_v from_o the_o apostle_n word_n its_o evident_a he_o desire_v no_o protection_n even_o of_o himself_o as_o worthy_a of_o death_n neither_o have_v god_n give_v any_o power_n to_o man_n to_o save_v in_o such_o a_o case_n and_o though_o any_o person_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n may_v defend_v himself_o yet_o this_o must_v be_v do_v cum_fw-la moderamine_fw-la tutelae_fw-la inculpatae_fw-la in_o case_n a_o subject_n have_v make_v himself_o capital_o guilty_a he_o have_v forfeit_v his_o life_n to_o his_o sovereign_n as_o god_n vicegerent_n who_o he_o must_v not_o resist_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o justice_n though_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o kill_v himself_o neither_o do_v the_o multitude_n or_o strength_n of_o any_o such_o capital_a offender_n any_o way_n give_v they_o right_a to_o resist_v their_o sovereign_n in_o their_o own_o defence_n as_o the_o author_n will_v have_v it_o for_o they_o can_v defend_v themselves_o as_o man_n but_o they_o must_v defend_v themselves_o in_o this_o case_n as_o guilty_a man_n which_o be_v not_o lawful_a how_o the_o offer_n of_o pardon_n shall_v take_v away_o the_o plea_n of_o self-defence_n i_o understand_v not_o seeing_z they_o have_v no_o right_n before_o it_o be_v offer_v the_o offer_n of_o pardon_n indeed_o if_o the_o party_n offer_v may_v be_v safe_o trust_v may_v take_v away_o all_o fear_n and_o so_o all_o colour_n of_o any_o plea_n by_o force_n to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o that_o death_n which_o pardon_n will_v take_v away_o or_o remove_v in_o the_o close_a of_o this_o discourse_n concern_v liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n he_o grant_v it_o a_o part_n of_o this_o liberty_n that_o the_o subject_n may_v sue_v his_o sovereign_n and_o before_o a_o judge_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_v sovereign_a if_o this_o be_v so_o then_o 1._o the_o subject_n have_v propriety_n of_o good_n 2._o that_o he_o and_o his_o sovereign_n be_v two_o distinct_a party_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o sovereign_n represent_v he_o not_o as_o one_o person_n 3._o that_o the_o law_n in_o this_o respect_n be_v above_o the_o supreme_a governor_n 4._o therefore_o the_o sovereign_n be_v not_o absolute_a 5._o that_o the_o subject_n may_v complain_v of_o some_o action_n and_o injustice_n of_o the_o sovereign_n contrary_a to_o the_o author_n four_o right_a of_o sovereign_n 6._o that_o to_o he_o belong_v not_o all_o judicature_n in_o all_o cause_n as_o in_o
god_n have_v convey_v it_o in_o common_a 4._o it_o be_v for_o peace_n and_o order_n as_o also_o for_o to_o preserve_v the_o distinction_n of_o tribe_n divide_v yet_o so_o as_o the_o sovereign_n divide_v it_o be_v god_n who_o order_v the_o lot_n eleazar_n and_o joshua_n be_v but_o superintendent_o of_o the_o lot_n and_o no_o sovereign_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o the_o least_o propriety_n more_o than_o other_o of_o the_o people_n the_o text_n express_o say_v that_o when_o they_o have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o divide_v the_o land_n they_o give_v joshua_n timnath_n serah_n in_o mount_n ephra_n in_o for_o his_o inheritance_n joshua_n 19.49_o 50._o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o people_n give_v it_o he_o t._n h._n the_o propriety_n of_o the_o subject_n exclude_v all_o other_o subject_n from_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o not_o the_o sovereign_n g._n l._n it_o do_v not_o only_o exclude_v other_o subject_n but_o the_o sovereign_n too_o for_o 1._o the_o sovereign_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v the_o moral_a law_n of_o god_n and_o propriety_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o imperium_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la esse_fw-la sapientes_fw-la definiunt_fw-la nisi_fw-la curam_fw-la salutis_fw-la alienae_n say_v one_o very_o well_o for_o civil_a supreme_a power_n be_v never_o give_v by_o any_o people_n to_o destroy_v their_o propriety_n but_o to_o defend_v it_o otherwise_o no_o intelligent_a people_n in_o the_o world_n will_v advance_v one_o person_n or_o more_o to_o take_v away_o their_o good_n and_o so_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o they_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 3._o it_o may_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o sovereign_n have_v dominium_fw-la eminens_fw-la so_o far_o as_o to_o command_v not_o only_o the_o estate_n but_o the_o life_n of_o the_o subject_n for_o the_o public_a safety_n but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o propriety_n proper_o take_v 4._o if_o his_o assertion_n be_v true_a than_o that_o distinction_n of_o civilian_n and_o the_o author_n of_o politic_n whereby_o they_o put_v a_o difference_n inter_fw-la res_fw-la &_o possessiones_fw-la publicas_fw-la and_o privatas_fw-la be_v in_o vain_a and_o false_a but_o so_o it_o be_v not_o 5._o by_o the_o sovereign_n in_o england_n he_o mean_v the_o king_n who_o be_v no_o sovereign_n at_o all_o nor_o can_v at_o any_o time_n raise_v any_o money_n or_o impose_v any_o subsidy_n upon_o the_o people_n without_o their_o consent_n in_o parliament_n as_o not_o only_o english_a man_n but_o foreign_a minister_n of_o state_n who_o have_v either_o read_v our_o history_n or_o our_o law_n or_o our_o practice_n do_v well_o know_v and_o have_v make_v it_o know_v to_o other_o 6._o there_o may_v be_v a_o device_n in_o law_n to_o pass_v all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n upon_o the_o crown_n for_o to_o derive_v all_o tenor_n from_o thence_o or_o to_o confirm_v propriety_n to_o the_o subject_n for_o that_o every_o one_o may_v not_o only_o know_v but_o keep_v and_o recover_v his_o own_o the_o better_a yet_o this_o give_v the_o king_n no_o more_o propriety_n than_o a_o peoffee_n in_o trust_n may_v have_v and_o that_o be_v none_o t._n h._n the_o public_a be_v not_o to_o be_v diet_v in_o the_o margint_n g._n l._n his_o meaning_n be_v that_o the_o sovereign_n can_v be_v confine_v to_o a_o certain_a revenue_n as_o sufficient_a to_o defray_v the_o public_a charge_n yet_o the_o wise_a state_n in_o the_o world_n have_v certain_o define_v a_o constant_a stand_a revenue_n for_o the_o public_a use_n for_o we_o read_v of_o the_o dominion_n of_o france_n which_o though_o the_o king_n can_v neither_o alienate_v nor_o just_o impair_v yet_o henry_n the_o four_o have_v woeful_o mangle_v and_o give_v occasion_n of_o those_o heavy_a oppression_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o state_n and_o also_o we_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o crown_n land_n and_o revenue_n of_o england_n and_o this_o be_v but_o agreeable_a to_o scripture_n where_o we_o read_v that_o god_n command_v in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v have_v his_o portion_n that_o he_o may_v no_o more_o oppress_v ezek._n 45.7_o 8._o for_o the_o land_n must_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o first_o must_v be_v for_o god_n to_o maintain_v the_o priest_n and_o levite_n the_o second_o for_o the_o prince_n the_o three_o for_o the_o people_n and_o thus_o some_o say_v the_o land_n in_o england_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o pious_a saxon_a king_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o sometime_o the_o public_a charge_n may_v be_v so_o great_a as_o that_o a_o stand_a revenue_n can_v defray_v it_o and_o then_o the_o subject_n for_o the_o general_a good_a and_o safety_n be_v bind_v and_o may_v be_v command_v to_o contribute_v but_o if_o this_o in_o a_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o safety_n be_v embezelled_a and_o misspend_v by_o a_o prodigal_a prince_n and_o his_o favourite_n and_o follower_n this_o will_v no_o way_n warrant_v he_o to_o fly_v upon_o the_o spoil_n and_o plunder_v his_o subject_n what_o william_n the_o conqueror_n here_o in_o england_n do_v it_o matter_n not_o much_o for_o if_o he_o do_v derive_v his_o title_n from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o some_o history_n say_v he_o do_v pretend_v than_o he_o be_v no_o sovereign_n if_o he_o do_v act_n as_o conqueror_n than_o all_o compact_n and_o right_a upon_o covenant_n be_v void_a as_o his_o successor_n who_o insist_v upon_o that_o title_n of_o conquest_n give_v full_a liberty_n to_o the_o english_a to_o fight_v against_o they_o and_o depose_v they_o if_o they_o can_v and_o deal_v with_o they_o as_o enemy_n as_o for_o make_v law_n for_o the_o regulation_n of_o traffic_n trade_n exchange_n the_o value_n stamp_n and_o coin_v of_o money_n the_o send_v out_o of_o colony_n for_o new_a plantation_n as_o also_o to_o make_v they_o as_o province_n or_o exempt_v they_o from_o subjection_n because_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v protection_n i_o grant_v all_o these_o be_v prerogative_n of_o the_o sovereign_n cap._n ix_o of_o the_o second_o part._n the_o 25._o of_o the_o book_n of_o counsel_n the_o head_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v 1._o the_o difference_n between_o command_n counsel_n exhortation_n dehortation_n 2._o the_o difference_n between_o counsel_n and_o command_v make_v evident_a out_o of_o scripture_n 3._o the_o qualification_n of_o good_a counsellor_n 4._o to_o advise_v with_o counsellor_n apart_o be_v better_a than_o to_o advise_v with_o they_o open_o and_o in_o assembly_n 1._o the_o difference_n between_o counsel_n command_n exhortation_n dehortation_n be_v easy_o know_v for_o counsel_n give_v be_v a_o declaration_n of_o the_o mean_n which_o tend_v unto_o some_o certain_a end_n and_o also_o of_o the_o order_n and_o manner_n how_o they_o shall_v be_v use_v to_o attain_v that_o end_n command_n be_v the_o will_n of_o a_o superior_a make_v know_v whereby_o the_o inferior_a be_v bind_v to_o obey_v or_o otherwise_o to_o suffer_v exhortation_n press_v the_o practice_n of_o some_o good_a to_o be_v do_v as_o dehortation_n be_v the_o contrary_n counsel_n direct_v command_n bind_v exhortation_n endeavour_n to_o stir_v up_o or_o incite_v the_o will_n dehortation_n keep_v it_o back_o command_n be_v of_o a_o superior_a counsel_n exhortation_n dehortation_n be_v of_o a_o superior_a inferior_a equal_a for_o any_o of_o these_o may_v counsel_v exhort_v dehort_v as_o any_o of_o they_o may_v be_v counsel_v exhort_v dehort_v it_o be_v true_a that_o these_o word_n be_v not_o always_o take_v strict_o that_o command_n shall_v be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o party_n command_v and_o counsel_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o party_n counsel_v be_v mere_o accidental_a in_o way_n essential_a to_o they_o and_o though_o sometime_o both_o the_o intention_n and_o the_o event_n of_o both_o may_v be_v such_o as_o he_o determine_v yet_o we_o know_v it_o be_v many_o time_n otherwise_o for_o command_v may_v sometime_o nay_o often_o be_v beneficial_a to_o the_o party_n command_v and_o intend_v to_o be_v so_o as_o counsel_n may_v be_v intend_v not_o only_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o party_n counsel_v but_o also_o counsel_v and_o also_o prove_v so_o to_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o exhortation_n and_o dehortation_n be_v as_o false_o loose_o and_o impertinent_o define_v as_o the_o former_a 2._o upon_o the_o former_a suppose_a difference_n between_o counsel_n and_o command_v he_o determine_v thou_o shall_v have_v none_o other_o god_n thou_o shall_v not_o make_v any_o grave_a image_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v command_n yet_o these_o be_v not_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o god_n but_o man_n keep_v they_o for_o in_o keep_v they_o there_o be_v great_a reward_n but_o go_v and_o sell_v all_o thou_o have_v etc._n etc._n be_v only_o a_o counsel_n with_o he_o because_o the_o party_n
obligativa_fw-la 4._o not_o content_a to_o give_v the_o definition_n he_o explain_v what_o be_v right_a and_o that_o be_v that_o which_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o wrong_v and_o its_o that_o which_o be_v contrary_a but_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o rule_n be_v hard_o to_o know_v if_o he_o mean_v by_o rule_n law_n itself_o than_o its_o absurd_a if_o he_o intend_v some_o antecedent_n rule_v of_o divine_a wisdom_n manifest_v what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a before_o a_o civil_a power_n command_v it_o he_o be_v obscure_a though_o he_o undervalue_v the_o philosopher_n so_o much_o as_o far_o below_o he_o though_o he_o be_v far_o above_o he_o he_o may_v with_o marsulis_fw-la of_o milan_n in_o his_o defensor_fw-la pacis_fw-la pars_fw-la 1._o cap._n 10._o have_v observe_v out_o of_o he_o a_o better_a definition_n of_o a_o law_n give_v ethn._n ad_fw-la nicho._n lib._n 10._o cap._n 9_o lex_fw-la est_fw-la sententia_fw-la doctrina_fw-la seu_fw-la judicium_fw-la universale_fw-la justorum_fw-la &_o conferentium_fw-la civilium_fw-la &_o suorum_fw-la oppositorum_fw-la cum_fw-la praecepto_fw-la coactivo_fw-la per_fw-la poenam_fw-la aut_fw-la praemium_fw-la de_fw-la ejus_fw-la observatione_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la saeculo_fw-la destribuenda_fw-la more_o brief_o it_o be_v a_o coactive_a precept_n of_o the_o sovereign_n bind_v the_o subject_n to_o obedience_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o to_o be_v reward_v or_o upon_o disobedience_n to_o be_v punish_v in_o this_o life_n where_o many_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o the_o matter_n of_o this_o law_n be_v something_o in_o itself_o just_a and_o conduce_v to_o the_o public_a good_a yet_o so_o that_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o contrary_n 2._o this_o must_v be_v know_v and_o judge_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o understanding_n of_o the_o sovereign_n for_o all_o law_n arr_o make_v by_o wisdom_n political_n 3._o this_o judgement_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n must_v be_v make_v know_v unto_o the_o subject_n therefore_o the_o philosopher_n say_v its_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n and_o he_o mean_v not_o only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n not_o only_o inward_o conceive_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o aristotle_n say_v but_o it_o must_v be_v utter_v and_o make_v know_v as_o the_o ten_o commandment_n be_v call_v the_o ten_o word_n therefore_o it_o be_v say_v exodus_fw-la 20._o god_n speak_v all_o these_o word_n 4._o it_o must_v be_v praeceptum_fw-la which_o include_v the_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n intend_v to_o bind_v the_o subject_n and_o so_o declare_v himself_o 5._o it_o must_v be_v a_o universal_a precept_n bind_v the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o subject_n 6._o it_o must_v be_v a_o coactive_a precept_n and_o back_v with_o the_o sword_n for_o to_o make_v the_o obligation_n effectual_a in_o this_o respect_n the_o philosopher_n say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o law_n must_v have_v a_o coactive_a force_n and_o the_o apostle_n say_v he_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a which_o word_n imply_v the_o lawgiver_n must_v have_v a_o sword_n 7._o this_o sword_n protect_v and_o reward_v the_o obedient_a who_o observe_v this_o law_n according_a to_o their_o obligation_n and_o it_o punish_v the_o disobedient_a and_o for_o these_o two_o end_n the_o law_n must_v be_v co-active_a and_o arm_v with_o a_o sword_n 8._o these_o reward_n and_o punishment_n be_v to_o be_v confer_v and_o inflict_v in_o this_o life_n for_o it_o can_v reach_v the_o soul_n and_o the_o life_n to_o come_v and_o this_o do_v difference_n the_o civil_a law_n of_o man_n from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o bound_v man_n to_o obedience_n upon_o the_o promise_n of_o spiritual_a and_o eternal_a reward_n and_o for_o defect_n of_o obedience_n unto_o eternal_a and_o spiritual_a penalty_n this_o have_v far_o more_o of_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o law_n than_o he_o and_o more_o full_o declare_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o law_n civil_a yet_o if_o either_o he_o or_o any_o other_o will_v improve_v it_o i_o shall_v like_v it_o well_o for_o i_o know_v my_o own_o imperfection_n from_o his_o definition_n he_o infer_v several_a conclusion_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v t._n h._n the_o legislator_n in_o all_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o sovereign_n again_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o legislator_n by_o the_o representative_a g._n l._n that_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la be_v the_o legislator_n in_o every_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v grant_v but_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v be_v the_o legislator_n either_o by_o or_o without_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la the_o sovereign_a i_o do_v not_o understand_v for_o it_o consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o subject_n and_o if_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n make_v law_n than_o the_o subject_n as_o well_o as_o the_o sovereign_n be_v legislator_n in_o a_o republic_n or_o free-state_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o subject_n much_o more_o in_o other_o model_n and_o form_n therefore_o he_o must_v needs_o speak_v either_o improper_o or_o untrue_o when_o he_o say_v the_o state_n be_v legislator_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 2._o the_o sovereign_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n because_o he_o have_v power_n to_o make_v and_o repeal_v they_o at_o pleasure_n g._n l._n that_o the_o sovereign_n in_o divers_a respect_n and_o especial_o as_o a_o sovereign_n be_v not_o subject_a unto_o but_o above_o the_o law_n be_v a_o certain_a truth_n for_o law_n do_v bind_v the_o subject_n not_o the_o sovereign_n to_o obey_v or_o be_v punish_v but_o the_o sovereign_n do_v command_v as_o superior_a not_o obey_v as_o inferior_a do_v punish_v be_v not_o punish_v the_o power_n to_o make_v a_o law_n when_o there_o be_v none_o and_o to_o repeal_v after_o that_o it_o be_v make_v be_v sufficient_a evidence_n of_o his_o superiority_n as_o also_o dispensation_n in_o judgement_n and_o pardon_n be_v yet_o this_o supreme_a will_n legislative_a over_o man_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o superior_a will_n of_o god_n and_o must_v neither_o make_v nor_o repeal_v law_n but_o according_a to_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 3._o custom_n be_v not_o law_n by_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n but_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o sovereign_n g._n l._n this_o follow_v from_o the_o first_o conclusion_n for_o if_o the_o sovereign_n only_o be_v the_o legislator_n than_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o people_n though_o universal_a can_v make_v a_o law_n the_o sovereign_n must_v give_v either_o a_o express_a or_o tacit_n consent_n and_o this_o consent_n be_v then_o most_o evident_a when_o he_o make_v the_o custom_n a_o rule_n in_o judgement_n and_o observe_v it_o and_o the_o civilian_n well_o observe_v that_o beside_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o the_o sovereign_n consent_n a_o three_o thing_n be_v require_v and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o be_v reasonable_a as_o the_o author_n here_o do_v note_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 4._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n contain_v each_o other_o and_o be_v of_o equal_a extent_n for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o consist_v in_o equity_n justice_n gratitude_n and_o other_o moral_a virtue_n on_o these_o depend_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o mere_a nature_n be_v not_o proper_o law_n but_o quality_n that_o dispose_v man_n to_o peace_n and_o obedience_n when_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v once_o actual_o settle_v then_o be_v they_o law_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n 1._o this_o be_v no_o conclusion_n from_o the_o definition_n except_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o not_o of_o man_n and_o not_o only_a subject_n but_o sovereign_n be_v bind_v by_o they_o 3._o therefore_o they_o bound_v not_o as_o command_v by_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n but_o as_o write_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o heaven_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n neither_o be_v that_o which_o afterward_o he_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o civil_a governor_n any_o difference_n at_o all_o that_o the_o one_o be_v write_v the_o other_o not_o for_o both_o be_v write_v one_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n though_o every_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o write_v and_o the_o other_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n the_o one_o in_o the_o heart_n the_o other_o upon_o some_o other_o material_a substance_n and_o that_o which_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n may_v be_v write_v out_o of_o it_o 4._o equity_n justice_n gratitude_n and_o other_o moral_a virtue_n be_v not_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o either_o habitual_a or_o actual_a conformity_n unto_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 5._o how_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o law_n civil_a shall_v be_v of_o equal_a extent_n and_o yet_o contain_v one_o
civil_a penalty_n of_o man_n yet_o not_o from_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n if_o that_o religion_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n no_o law_n of_o man_n can_v bind_v above_o much_o less_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o this_o all_o rational_a man_n will_v confess_v austin_n deny_v the_o perfection_n and_o according_a to_o tully_n definition_n the_o very_a be_v of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o roman_a state_n because_o it_o command_v subjection_n unto_o and_o worship_n of_o devil_n by_o what_o this_o author_n have_v deliver_v christ_n and_o the_o apostle_n be_v make_v guilty_a because_o they_o require_v obedience_n to_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o gospel_n see_v they_o be_v contrary_a to_o all_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o world_n upon_o this_o account_n the_o ruler_n of_o the_o jew_n heathen_a prince_n and_o the_o roman_a emperor_n who_o persecute_v the_o christian_n be_v justifiable_a as_o all_o such_o who_o receive_v the_o christian_a religion_n contrary_a to_o their_o own_o law_n be_v condemnable_a but_o of_o this_o you_o will_v hear_v more_o hereafter_o for_o he_o make_v it_o indifferent_a what_o religion_n any_o man_n profess_v if_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n where_o he_o live_v t._n h._n there_o be_v also_o another_o distinction_n of_o law_n into_o fundamental_a and_o not_o fundamental_a but_o i_o can_v never_o see_v in_o any_o author_n what_o a_o fundamental_a law_n signify_v etc._n etc._n a_o fundamental_a law_n be_v that_o by_o which_o the_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o uphold_v whatsoever_o power_n be_v give_v unto_o the_o sovereign_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n this_o do_v argue_v his_o ignorance_n in_o politic_n for_o fundamental_a law_n in_o every_o state_n be_v those_o which_o concern_v the_o constitution_n not_o fundamental_a such_o as_o be_v make_v immediate_o to_o regulate_v the_o administration_n the_o former_a be_v such_o as_o can_v be_v alter_v without_o take_v asunder_o and_o disjoint_v the_o very_a frame_n and_o form_n of_o government_n the_o latter_a may_v be_v alter_v and_o yet_o the_o essential_a frame_n may_v stand_v the_o former_a be_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o state_n the_o latter_a be_v but_o superstruction_n the_o former_a determine_v the_o sovereign_n who_o he_o be_v and_o what_o his_o power_n and_o also_o define_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o subjection_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o golden_a bull_n be_v say_v to_o contain_v the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n as_o the_o salic_a or_o as_o some_o call_v it_o the_o gallic_a of_o exclude_v female_n from_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v say_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o fundamental_o of_o france_n t._n h._n i_o find_v lex_fw-la civilis_fw-la &_o jus_o civil_a promiscuous_o use_v for_o the_o same_o thing_n even_o in_o the_o most_o learned_a author_n which_o nevertheless_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v for_o jus_n be_v liberty_n lex_n be_v obligation_n g._n l._n that_o they_o be_v often_o take_v for_o the_o same_o and_o in_o learned_a author_n be_v certain_a and_o that_o without_o any_o error_n but_o yet_o jus_n do_v not_o proper_o signify_v the_o liberty_n leave_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o law_n but_o id_fw-la quod_fw-la justum_fw-la est_fw-la and_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n and_o when_o the_o civilian_n take_v jura_n and_o leges_fw-la to_o be_v the_o same_o they_o understand_v by_o jus_n not_o jus_fw-la vagum_fw-la but_o jus_fw-la à _fw-la lege_fw-la determinatum_fw-la for_o the_o law_n determine_v what_o be_v right_a and_o what_o be_v wrong_v and_o in_o this_o sense_n jus_n can_v be_v liberty_n as_o he_o do_v fond_o imagine_v but_o must_v either_o be_v or_o at_o least_o imply_v a_o obligation_n cap._n xi_o of_o the_o second_o part._n the_o 27._o of_o the_o book_n of_o crime_n excuse_n and_o extenuation_n the_o author_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v methodical_a and_o can_v much_o be_v charge_v with_o error_n or_o misprision_n as_o in_o the_o former_a the_o proper_a place_n for_o crime_n excuse_n extenuation_n and_o aggravation_n be_v next_o to_o that_o of_o law_n for_o as_o the_o apostle_n teach_v we_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o be_v no_o transgression_n and_o herein_o the_o author_n of_o politic_n seem_v to_o be_v defective_a because_o though_o they_o treat_v of_o law_n and_o jurisdiction_n yet_o they_o say_v little_a or_o nothing_o of_o crime_n yet_o the_o civilian_n in_o this_o particular_a have_v do_v their_o part_n he_o do_v distinguish_v betwixt_o sin_n and_o crime_n and_o his_o distinction_n may_v be_v allow_v though_o hardly_o in_o politic_n yet_o the_o word_n crime_n in_o learned_a author_n be_v not_o always_o take_v as_o here_o it_o be_v for_o a_o offence_n as_o it_o be_v a_o object_n or_o matter_n of_o judgement_n and_o sometime_o cause_v judicial_a be_v distinguish_v into_o civil_a criminal_a capital_a in_o which_o distinction_n criminal_o be_v only_o one_o sort_n of_o mule_n that_o which_o we_o call_v sin_n in_o divinity_n be_v nothing_o but_o disobedience_n to_o a_o law_n in_o general_n though_o it_o be_v strict_o take_v for_o disobedience_n to_o divine_a law_n disobedience_n be_v a_o anomy_n presuppose_v a_o law_n and_o a_o law_n must_v have_v a_o sovereign_n and_o a_o lawgiver_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o violation_n of_o a_o law_n without_o wrong_n unto_o the_o lawgiver_n and_o those_o offence_n be_v most_o heinous_a which_o direct_o oppose_v and_o wrong_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereign_n lawful_o constitute_v because_o the_o tend_v to_o the_o rasing_n of_o the_o very_a foundation_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n itself_o such_o be_v deny_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n resist_v it_o and_o revolt_a from_o it_o so_o as_o to_o be_v sovereign_n ourselves_o or_o independent_a or_o subject_n to_o another_o the_o first_o law_n god_n give_v be_v for_o to_o secure_v his_o sovereignty_n thou_o shall_v have_v no_o other_o god_n but_o i_o as_o the_o septuagint_n do_v well_o and_o true_o turn_v it_o and_o this_o by_o philo_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o commandment_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o one_o god_n all_o other_o offence_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o administration_n which_o though_o they_o may_v be_v heinous_a yet_o be_v not_o so_o heinous_a as_o those_o former_a against_o the_o institution_n these_o offence_n of_o disobedience_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o with_o reference_n to_o the_o law_n antecedent_n as_o violate_v or_o to_o jurisdiction_n follow_v in_o which_o sense_n the_o author_n handle_v they_o and_o call_v they_o crime_n and_o these_o may_v be_v reduce_v unto_o certain_a head_n as_o they_o have_v be_v by_o civilian_n and_o also_o by_o the_o lawyer_n of_o particular_a state_n yet_o this_o be_v most_o exact_o do_v by_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v entire_a before_o the_o conquest_n and_o follow_v the_o order_n of_o the_o ten_o commandment_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n of_o god_n thus_o some_o antiquary_n in_o law_n do_v inform_v we_o the_o author_n acquit_v all_o motion_n of_o the_o soul_n antecedent_n to_o a_o deliberate_a consent_n resolution_n and_o intention_n from_o be_v sin_n yet_o this_o i_o can_v do_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o to_o understand_v know_v and_o remember_v that_o which_o be_v evil_a and_o unjust_a can_v be_v sin_n because_o god_n do_v so_o and_o all_o this_o may_v be_v do_v with_o a_o detestation_n of_o it_o yet_o to_o like_v approve_v incline_v unto_o delight_n in_o evil_a thus_o know_v and_o remember_v though_o we_o never_o yield_v a_o deliberate_a or_o any_o formal_a consent_n must_v needs_o argue_v some_o imperfection_n if_o not_o corruption_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n which_o shall_v never_o think_v of_o evil_a but_o with_o hatred_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o chapter_n be_v rational_a if_o right_o understand_v the_o great_a part_n whereof_o be_v take_v up_o in_o that_o of_o aggravation_n wherein_o he_o have_v do_v better_a than_o other_o yet_o he_o be_v far_o short_a of_o some_o who_o have_v both_o more_o large_o and_o also_o accurate_o handle_v that_o point_n out_o of_o scripture_n it_o be_v a_o common_a theme_n of_o casuist_n and_o civilian_n and_o may_v have_v be_v much_o improve_v the_o original_n of_o all_o crime_n and_o offence_n be_v either_o from_o the_o understanding_n or_o the_o will_n not_o the_o passion_n as_o he_o affirm_v from_o the_o understanding_n either_o not_o apprehend_v or_o not_o judge_v aright_o from_o the_o will_v averse_v or_o incline_v another_o way_n by_o reason_n of_o corruption_n ignorance_n and_o error_n be_v from_o defect_n or_o negligence_n or_o wilfulness_n several_o or_o joint_o and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o more_o of_o mere_a will_n there_o be_v in_o any_o offence_n the_o more_o heinous_a it_o be_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o wilfulness_n be_v in_o obstinacy_n resist_v all_o
mean_n and_o motive_n use_v for_o to_o rectify_v the_o heart_n cap._n xii_o of_o the_o second_o part._n the_o 28._o of_o the_o book_n concern_v punishment_n and_o reward_n upon_o obedience_n or_o disobedience_n follow_v punishment_n or_o reward_n determine_v by_o judgement_n which_o be_v a_o act_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o consider_v the_o law_n as_o violate_a or_o observe_v and_o here_o come_v in_o according_a to_o order_n that_o head_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o general_n which_o proper_o be_v handle_v in_o that_o part_n of_o politic_n we_o call_v administration_n and_o he_o that_o undertake_v to_o deliver_v a_o model_n of_o politic_n and_o yet_o say_v nothing_o of_o jurisdiction_n but_o proceed_v from_o crime_n to_o punishment_n per_fw-la saltum_fw-la as_o mr._n hobbs_n do_v be_v but_o a_o superficial_a author_n but_o let_v we_o hear_v his_o definition_n of_o punishment_n t._n h._n a_o punishment_n be_v a_o evil_n inflict_v by_o public_a authority_n on_o he_o that_o have_v do_v or_o omit_v that_o which_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o same_o authority_n to_o be_v a_o transgression_n of_o the_o law_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o will_n of_o man_n may_v be_v thereby_o better_o dispose_v to_o obedience_n this_o be_v a_o very_a imperfect_a definition_n and_o one_o reason_n be_v the_o author_n presume_v much_o of_o his_o own_o judgement_n and_o desire_n to_o be_v singular_a otherwise_o he_o have_v a_o better_a definition_n make_v to_o his_o hand_n for_o poena_fw-la est_fw-la vindicte_fw-la noxae_fw-la this_o punishment_n be_v define_v in_o general_a as_o it_o include_v the_o penalty_n inflict_v by_o parent_n master_n or_o any_o one_o who_o have_v power_n to_o command_v another_o &_o it_o reach_v the_o punishment_n execute_v by_o god_n this_o definition_n may_v easy_o be_v make_v so_o as_o full_o to_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o civil_a punishment_n intend_v by_o this_o author_n but_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o punishment_n we_o must_v observe_v that_o it_o may_v be_v consider_v several_a way_n 1._o as_o determine_v by_o the_o law_n which_o bind_v the_o party_n subject_a either_o to_o obedience_n or_o punishment_n 2._o as_o deserve_v by_o the_o party_n offend_v who_o be_v bind_v to_o suffer_v it_o 3._o as_o define_v by_o the_o judge_n upon_o judicial_a evidence_n 4._o as_o inflict_v by_o the_o minister_n of_o execution_n 5._o as_o suffer_v by_o the_o party_n condemn_v 6._o as_o prevent_v by_o pardon_n out_o of_o mere_a mercy_n or_o upon_o satisfaction_n make_v and_o accept_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o punish_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o sovereign_n or_o high_a power_n bear_v the_o sword_n and_o as_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o minister_n for_o a_o sovereign_n do_v punish_v as_o a_o judge_n the_o immediate_a and_o formal_a object_n of_o this_o act_n be_v noxa_fw-la civilis_fw-la some_o offence_n or_o crime_n judge_v upon_o evidence_n to_o be_v a_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n the_o general_a nature_n of_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d retribution_n the_o thing_n retribute_v or_o render_v be_v something_o that_o bring_v hurt_v or_o damage_n to_o the_o delinquent_n or_o party_n offend_v who_o as_o judge_v guilty_a be_v the_o proper_a subject_n of_o it_o it_o be_v call_v by_o some_o malum_fw-la triste_fw-fr proper_a malum_fw-la turpe_fw-la the_o proper_a act_n complete_a and_o consummate_v be_v the_o inflict_v of_o this_o evil_n determine_v by_o just_a judgement_n so_o as_o that_o the_o party_n condemn_v do_v actual_o suffer_v it_o all_o this_o for_o the_o general_a notion_n of_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o apostle_n who_o say_v that_o god_n will_v render_v to_o they_o who_o be_v contentious_a and_o do_v not_o obey_v the_o truth_n but_o obey_v unrighteousness_n indignation_n and_o wrath_n tribulation_n and_o angnish_v upon_o every_o soul_n of_o man_n that_o do_v evil_a rom._n 2.8_o 9_o for_o here_o we_o have_v the_o judge_n the_o crime_n judged_n to_o be_v so_o the_o retribution_n or_o render_v the_o thing_n or_o evil_n render_v so_o as_o to_o be_v suffer_v the_o cause_n why_o it_o be_v render_v in_o this_o respect_n the_o high_a power_n be_v say_v to_o bear_v the_o sword_n to_o take_v vengeance_n upon_o evil_a doer_n rom._n 13.4_o the_o end_n of_o punishment_n be_v many_o 1._o some_o of_o they_o be_v to_o correct_v and_o reform_v the_o party_n punish_v 2._o some_o for_o example_n that_o other_o may_v hear_v and_o fear_n 3._o the_o end_n of_o all_o punishment_n in_o general_a be_v to_o vindicate_v the_o power_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n and_o the_o honour_n and_o force_v of_o the_o law_n to_o manifest_a justice_n and_o the_o hatred_n of_o evil_n and_o to_o procure_v the_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o community_n before_o the_o author_n proceed_v to_o draw_v conclusion_n from_o his_o definition_n he_o inquire_v how_o the_o sovereign_n acquire_v the_o power_n of_o punish_v and_o resolve_v t._n h._n that_o the-subject_n in_o the_o first_o constitution_n lay_v aside_o his_o power_n of_o self-preservation_n by_o hurt_v subdue_a kill_v other_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n and_o so_o do_v not_o give_v it_o but_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o sovereign_n g._n l._n this_o be_v ridiculous_a absurd_a and_o ground_v upon_o his_o false_a principle_n for_o 1._o the_o sovereign_n be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n and_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v so_o that_o he_o keep_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o his_o commission_n that_o which_o god_n will_v do_v and_o that_o be_v to_o punish_v evil_a and_o as_o all_o his_o power_n of_o make_v law_n judgement_n peace_n war_n etc._n etc._n be_v from_o god_n so_o be_v this_o among_o the_o rest_n by_o who_o he_o be_v make_v a_o sovereign_n from_o he_o he_o have_v the_o sword_n to_o punish_v man_n may_v give_v their_o consent_n that_o such_o a_o man_n or_o such_o a_o company_n of_o man_n shall_v reign_v but_o the_o power_n be_v from_o god_n not_o they_o 2._o in_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o supreme_a governor_n no_o man_n can_v covenant_n to_o be_v protect_v or_o defend_v in_o do_v evil_a neither_o can_v any_o or_o all_o high_a power_n in_o the_o world_n just_o promise_v to_o protect_v any_o in_o evil_n neither_o have_v any_o man_n any_o power_n unjust_o to_o preserve_v himself_o for_o that_o of_o the_o author_n that_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n every_o man_n have_v right_a to_o every_o thing_n be_v absolute_o false_a and_o abominable_a when_o a_o man_n subject_n himself_o unto_o a_o sovereign_n ordain_v of_o god_n not_o only_o to_o protect_v the_o good_a but_o punish_v the_o evil_a he_o can_v except_v himself_o from_o his_o punitive_a power_n if_o he_o do_v ill_a because_o he_o subject_n according_a to_o the_o just_a law_n of_o god_n and_o can_v lawful_o do_v any_o other_o way_n so_o that_o power_n to_o punish_v be_v give_v by_o god_n not_o leave_v by_o man_n unto_o high_a power_n civil_a after_o his_o definition_n of_o punishment_n civil_a and_o determination_n of_o the_o mean_n how_o power_n punitive_a be_v acquire_v he_o 1._o draw_v conclusion_n from_o his_o definition_n 2._o declare_v the_o several_a kind_n of_o punishment_n 3._o distinguish_v of_o reward_n 1._o the_o conclusion_n be_v either_o good_a and_o pertinent_a or_o false_a or_o not_o deducible_a from_o the_o definition_n and_o i_o will_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o examination_n of_o they_o 2._o his_o distribution_n of_o punishment_n be_v tolerable_a and_o here_o we_o must_v observe_v 1._o that_o punishment_n civil_a can_v only_o reach_v the_o body_n and_o this_o temporal_a life_n of_o man_n for_o the_o sword_n can_v reach_v the_o soul_n 2._o that_o these_o punishment_n as_o well_o as_o spiritual_a be_v either_o of_o loss_n or_o pain_n poena_fw-la damni_fw-la aut_fw-la sensus_fw-la privative_a or_o positive_a the_o one_o take_v away_o some_o good_a the_o other_o inflict_v some_o positive_a evil_n 3._o that_o some_o of_o they_o take_v away_o life_n either_o civil_a as_o banishment_n or_o natural_a as_o death_n and_o some_o take_v away_o such_o thing_n as_o make_v life_n comfortable_a as_o good_n such_o be_v sin_n and_o confiscation_n or_o liberty_n as_o imprisonment_n bondage_n or_o our_o honour_n as_o all_o ignominious_a penalty_n those_o which_o infer_v some_o positive_a evil_a contrary_n to_o nature_n be_v all_o kind_n of_o torture_n whatsoever_o which_o cause_n pain_n in_o the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o all_o these_o positive_a punishment_n tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o life_n either_o in_o part_n or_o in_o whole_a 4._o these_o penalty_n be_v so_o to_o be_v inflict_v and_o in_o such_o a_o measure_n and_o proportion_n as_o that_o no_o man_n may_v gain_v by_o do_v evil_a 5._o that_o though_o a_o innocent_a person_n as_o such_o can_v be_v just_o punish_v yet_o as_o he_o be_v make_v one_o person_n with_o
a_o second_o cause_n of_o weaken_v and_o dissolve_v a_o state_n be_v certain_a doctrine_n the_o first_o that_o every_o private_a man_n be_v judge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a action_n g._n l._n judgement_n be_v public_a or_o private_a public_a no_o private_a man_n can_v pass_v private_a he_o may_v and_o that_o both_o of_o his_o own_o action_n and_o other_o too_o the_o act_n of_o other_o be_v private_a or_o public_a of_o both_o these_o he_o may_v judge_v public_a act_n of_o the_o governor_n be_v law_n judgement_n execution_n even_o of_o law_n he_o may_v he_o must_v within_o himself_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v a_o rule_n and_o bind_v he_o inquire_v examine_v and_o determine_v whether_o good_a or_o evil_n otherwise_o he_o can_v perform_v but_o only_o a_o blind_a obedience_n to_o the_o best_a and_o if_o he_o conform_v unto_o the_o unjust_a he_o in_o obey_v man_n disobey_v god_n which_o no_o good_a man_n will_v do_v in_o other_o act_n which_o be_v apparent_o just_a we_o may_v judge_v of_o they_o true_o as_o they_o be_v and_o no_o otherwise_o yet_o this_o must_v not_o be_v do_v to_o palliate_v our_o disobedience_n to_o that_o which_o be_v just_a or_o raise_v sedition_n or_o rebel_n but_o we_o may_v complain_v to_o god_n and_o by_o our_o humble_a prayer_n seek_v redress_v t._n h._n a_o second_o doctrine_n that_o whatsoever_o a_o man_n do_v against_o conscience_n be_v sin_n the_o conscience_n may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o he_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o civil_a law_n sin_n in_o all_o he_o act_n against_o his_o conscience_n yet_o to_o he_o that_o be_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o law_n be_v the_o public_a conscience_n by_o which_o he_o have_v undertake_v to_o be_v guide_v g._n l._n conscience_n be_v a_o man_n knowledge_n of_o his_o own_o act_n as_o agreeable_a or_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v not_o a_o faculty_n but_o a_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o a_o act_n not_o of_o the_o will_n but_o understanding_n and_o the_o same_o as_o practical_a the_o proper_a act_n be_v knowledge_n the_o object_n be_v his_o own_o act_n and_o these_o act_v not_o any_o way_n but_o as_o agreeable_a or_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n for_o as_o aquinas_n say_v there_o must_v be_v applicatio_fw-la facti_fw-la ad_fw-la legem_fw-la otherwise_o a_o man_n understanding_n can_v judge_v of_o it_o as_o conformable_a or_o not_o unto_o the_o law_n of_o god_n these_o act_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o to_o be_v do_v or_o do_v in_o the_o former_a respect_n conscience_n bind_v as_o a_o law_n though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o law_n but_o presuppose_v or_o include_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n in_o the_o latter_a respect_n it_o judge_v and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o judge_n of_o himself_o in_o some_o sort_n as_o superior_a to_o himself_o but_o before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o god_n it_o be_v a_o witness_n and_o do_v accuse_v or_o excuse_v the_o great_a question_n so_o much_o vex_v by_o the_o casuist_n be_v whether_o a_o erroneous_a conscience_n do_v bind_v but_o let_v they_o determine_v what_o they_o please_v a_o erroneous_a conscience_n in_o proper_a sense_n be_v no_o conscience_n for_o a_o error_n be_v no_o knowledge_n but_o a_o defect_n of_o knowledge_n or_o rather_o a_o plain_a want_n of_o knowledge_n and_o also_o a_o act_n contrary_a to_o knowledge_n conscience_n be_v a_o knowledge_n in_o proper_a sense_n and_o knowledge_n be_v true_a and_o certain_a and_o it_o be_v a_o knowledge_n of_o a_o man_n own_o act_n or_o act_n as_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n this_o a_o erroneous_a conscience_n can_v be_v that_o conscience_n be_v such_o a_o knowledge_n be_v make_v evident_a by_o the_o apostle_n say_v that_o when_o the_o gentile_n not_o have_v the_o law_n do_v the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o law_n they_o have_v not_o the_o law_n be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o who_o show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n by_o their_o conscience_n witness_v etc._n etc._n rom._n 12.14_o 15._o where_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o the_o conscience_n can_v not_o witness_v accuse_v or_o excuse_v except_o there_o be_v something_o to_o be_v accuse_v or_o excuse_v 2._o the_o thing_n accuse_v as_o evil_a or_o excuse_v as_o good_a must_v be_v something_o conformable_a or_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n 3._o the_o conscience_n can_v not_o accuse_v or_o excuse_v any_o thing_n as_o good_a or_o evil_n without_o knowledge_n both_o of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o the_o act_n that_o be_v contrary_a or_o consentaneous_a to_o that_o law_n 4._o therefore_o the_o apostle_n before_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o conscience_n affirm_v 1._o that_o they_o do_v the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o law_n 2._o they_o be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o 3._o that_o they_o do_v by_o their_o conscience_n witness_v prove_v or_o demonstrate_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v the_o work_n which_o the_o law_n do_v command_v write_v in_o their_o heart_n to_o have_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n be_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a true_a knowledge_n of_o it_o not_o a_o erroneous_a mistake_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o author_n conscience_n in_o proper_a sense_n do_v bind_v yet_o not_o as_o it_o be_v knowledge_n nor_o as_o knowledge_n of_o a_o man_n proper_a act_n nor_o as_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n in_o general_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o law_n know_v as_o a_o rule_n of_o his_o particular_a act_n for_o man_n be_v subject_a unto_o god_n and_o under_o his_o law_n can_v bind_v himself_o and_o be_v his_o own_o lawgiver_n but_o the_o law_n of_o god_n not_o a_o error_n true_o understand_v by_o he_o do_v bind_v he_o but_o let_v the_o erroneous_a judgement_n of_o the_o practical_a understanding_n be_v call_v conscience_n as_o by_o a_o trope_n it_o may_v because_o there_o may_v be_v something_o of_o conscience_n in_o it_o yet_o whether_o can_v it_o bind_v or_o no_o i_o answer_v it_o can_v bind_v for_o a_o error_n of_o the_o understanding_n can_v be_v a_o bind_a rule_n to_o command_v the_o will_n of_o man_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v a_o rule_n at_o all_o again_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n especial_o practical_a be_v a_o sin_n and_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n therefore_o it_o can_v no_o way_n bind_v only_o thus_o far_o most_o casuist_n do_v grant_v that_o by_o it_o a_o man_n be_v so_o far_o bind_v as_o not_o to_o act_v against_o it_o yet_o this_o it_o do_v only_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la for_o per_fw-la se_fw-la he_o be_v bind_v to_o act_v otherwise_o then_o it_o do_v dictate_v for_o because_o god_n have_v make_v a_o man_n reason_n his_o guide_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v much_o deprave_v in_o his_o will_n that_o will_v act_v contrary_a unto_o his_o reason_n and_o he_o that_o will_v not_o scruple_n to_o act_v against_o his_o erroneous_a judgement_n will_v be_v bold_a to_o act_v against_o his_o judgement_n right_o inform_v but_o the_o full_a debate_n of_o this_o i_o refer_v to_o another_o occasion_n and_o these_o thing_n premise_v i_o return_v unto_o mr._n hobbs_n that_o of_o the_o apostle_n whatsoever_o be_v not_o of_o faith_n be_v sin_n and_o therefore_o whosoever_o act_v againt_n say_v and_o conscience_n proper_o so_o take_v sin_v and_o for_o he_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o true_a doctrine_n of_o god_n reveal_v in_o the_o scripture_n shall_v be_v either_o false_a or_o destructive_a of_o eivil_a state_n and_o government_n be_v no_o way_n tolerable_a whereas_o he_o allege_v that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o public_a conscience_n by_o which_o the_o subject_n have_v bind_v himself_o to_o be_v guide_v it_o be_v too_o loose_a and_o fallacious_a if_o examine_v for_o 1._o the_o law_n be_v not_o the_o public_a conscience_n but_o the_o public_a rule_n of_o conscience_n in_o matter_n civil_a 2._o it_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o the_o subject_n obedience_n not_o as_o its_o a_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o as_o it_o be_v agreeable_a and_o not_o contrary_a to_o a_o high_a law_n the_o law_n of_o god_n for_o the_o law_n civil_a do_v not_o immediate_o bind_v the_o conscience_n and_o immortal_a soul_n as_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n have_v no_o power_n to_o punish_v it_o for_o his_o sword_n can_v reach_v that_o spiritual_a substance_n secondary_o and_o by_o consequence_n they_o may_v oblige_v the_o soul_n 3._o no_o subject_n may_v or_o aught_o to_o make_v the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n his_o absolute_a guide_n for_o the_o law_n may_v be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o then_o how_o can_v the_o subject_n undertake_v to_o obey_v it_o and_o make_v it_o his_o rule_n and_o not_o offend_v god_n 4._o every_o subject_n be_v first_o bind_v and_o subject_n unto_o god_n before_o he_o be_v subject_v to_o civil_a power_n and_o be_v first_o
that_o a_o absolute_a sentence_n on_o earth_n be_v make_v valid_a from_o heaven_n and_o this_o jurisdiction_n exercise_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n have_v always_o a_o real_a effect_n upon_o the_o party_n judge_v and_o that_o without_o any_o co-ercive_a power_n civil_a at_o all_o and_o the_o effect_n be_v comfortable_a or_o terrible_a both_o unto_o believer_n and_o apostate_n too_o according_a as_o they_o shall_v be_v true_o impenitent_a or_o penitent_a this_o power_n be_v always_o in_o the_o church_n and_o to_o be_v exercise_v by_o such_o as_o be_v trust_v with_o that_o power_n and_o fit_a for_o such_o a_o work_n and_o this_o be_v the_o plain_a truth_n though_o the_o world_n be_v on_o a_o flame_n and_o so_o many_o christian_n in_o a_o combustion_n because_o of_o their_o different_a opinion_n concern_v the_o subject_n of_o this_o power_n but_o concern_v this_o point_n i_o have_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o another_o treatise_n he_o go_v on_o to_o teach_v we_o the_o cause_n of_o excommunication_n and_o deny_v heresy_n to_o be_v any_o cause_n though_o scandal_n by_o his_o own_o confession_n be_v yet_o heresy_n be_v the_o great_a scandal_n and_o here_o he_o abuse_v that_o place_n of_o titus_n 3.10_o where_o it_o be_v write_v a_o man_n that_o be_v a_o heretic_n after_o the_o first_o and_o second_o admonition_n reject_v where_o he_o plain_o contradict_v the_o apostle_n word_n as_o though_o he_o have_v say_v reject_v the_o heresy_n not_o the_o person_n whereas_o the_o apostle_n command_v the_o rejection_n of_o the_o person_n the_o heretic_n and_o not_o only_o the_o heresy_n that_o some_o make_v article_n of_o faith_n which_o god_n never_o make_v such_o can_v be_v excuse_v after_o this_o he_o determine_v the_o person_n who_o be_v liable_a to_o excommunication_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o he_o may_v have_v be_v instruct_v better_o than_o he_o have_v instruct_v we_o by_o those_o who_o deserve_v to_o be_v his_o master_n he_o exempt_v one_o church_n from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o another_o so_o that_o the_o one_o can_v excommunicate_v the_o other_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o inform_v we_o what_o the_o extent_n of_o a_o church-independent_a be_v and_o so_o leave_v the_o question_n undecided_a he_o also_o exempt_v all_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o assembly_n from_o excommunication_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o he_o most_o gross_o mistake_v the_o nature_n and_o effect_n of_o excommunication_n yet_o here_o he_o stay_v not_o but_o a_o subject_n obey_v his_o sovereign_n command_n be_v not_o liable_a to_o this_o sentence_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v in_o this_o cause_n and_o case_n of_o any_o effect_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v he_o this_o in_o terminis_fw-la be_v false_a except_o he_o mean_v obedience_n in_o licitis_fw-la the_o rest_n of_o his_o discourse_n concern_v this_o particular_a be_v frivolous_a the_o of_o the_o chapter_n be_v take_v up_o and_o spend_v in_o the_o determination_n of_o two_o point_n the_o 1._o be_v make_v of_o scripture_n canon_n and_o law_n the_o 2._o the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o power_n of_o make_v scripture-canon_n be_v give_v by_o he_o unto_o the_o sovereign_n civil_a be_v christian_n yet_o whether_o he_o be_v christian_a or_o no_o he_o have_v power_n to_o bind_v his_o subject_n to_o acknowledge_v it_o subpoena_fw-la temporali_fw-la but_o the_o scripture_n be_v canonical_a in_o itself_o without_o any_o such_o law_n at_o all_o as_o for_o the_o controversy_n concern_v the_o pope_n power_n he_o undertake_v bellarmine_n who_o have_v often_o be_v answer_v in_o a_o far_o better_a manner_n and_o more_o effectual_o by_o many_o before_o he_o and_o the_o truth_n be_v both_o he_o and_o the_o cardinal_n run_v in_o extreme_n the_o one_o on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o way_n of_o truth_n for_o that_o power_n which_o the_o one_o arrogate_v to_o the_o pope_n the_o other_o give_v to_o christian_a civil_a power_n but_o both_o unjust_o for_o ecclesiastical_a power_n be_v due_a in_o some_o measure_n unto_o the_o pope_n but_o not_o unto_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n the_o pope_n be_v a_o presbyter_n and_o a_o bishop_n and_o some_o power_n be_v due_a unto_o he_o by_o divine_a law_n but_o by_o that_o which_o humane_a constitution_n give_v he_o and_o by_o his_o own_o usurpation_n he_o have_v ingross_v he_o be_v advance_v very_o high_a to_o be_v a_o patriarch_n will_v not_o serve_v his_o turn_n but_o he_o must_v be_v christ_n universal_a vicar_n and_o in_o the_o end_n by_o that_o mean_n at_o length_n he_o hook_v in_o the_o temporal_a power_n of_o the_o sword_n but_o to_o leave_v they_o both_o in_o their_o error_n wherein_o they_o have_v entangle_v themselves_o before_o i_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o will_v say_v something_o of_o church-officer_n and_o the_o church-revenue_n the_o church-officer_n may_v be_v conâ—dered_v either_o according_a to_o their_o constitution_n or_o employment_n according_a to_o the_o first_o they_o be_v extraordinary_a or_o ordinary_a extraordinary_a be_v such_o as_o have_v their_o power_n and_o gift_n more_o immediate_o from_o christ_n as_o apostle_n prophet_n evangelist_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o two_o error_n and_o mistake_n of_o the_o author_n 1._o in_o that_o he_o affirm_v mathias_n to_o be_v make_v a_o apostle_n by_o the_o assembly_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o brethren_n assemble_v together_o whereas_o from_o the_o text_n its_o apparent_a that_o they_o do_v only_o single_a out_o by_o suffrage_n two_o person_n who_o they_o conceive_v so_o qualify_v that_o one_o of_o they_o might_n if_o god_n please_v be_v make_v a_o apostle_n for_o to_o succeed_v judas_n and_o refer_v the_o case_n to_o god_n by_o prayer_n and_o lot_n that_o he_o may_v determine_v whether_o of_o the_o two_o shall_v be_v a_o apostle_n to_o make_v up_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o upon_o the_o reference_n god_n do_v choose_v mathias_n and_o so_o that_o he_o make_v he_o a_o apostle_n and_o refuse_v the_o other_o to_o make_v a_o extraordinary_a officer_n be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o church_n therefore_o they_o do_v not_o take_v it_o upon_o they_o 2._o the_o second_o error_n be_v that_o paul_n and_o barnabas_n be_v make_v apostle_n by_o the_o church_n of_o antioch_n act_v 13.2_o 3._o yet_o barnabas_n in_o strict_a sense_n be_v no_o apostle_n and_o paul_n be_v a_o apostle_n before_o he_o come_v to_o antioch_n he_o be_v a_o servant_n of_o jesus_n christ_n call_v to_o be_v a_o apostle_n separate_v to_o the_o gospel_n of_o god_n rom._n 1.1_o his_o calling_n to_o be_v a_o apostle_n be_v not_o of_o man_n nor_o by_o man_n gal._n 1.1_o his_o separation_n be_v twofold_a 1._o from_o god_n who_o separate_v he_o from_o his_o mother_n womb_n gal._n 1.15_o 2._o from_o man_n as_o by_o the_o prayer_n and_o fast_v of_o the_o church_n of_o antioch_n yet_o mr._n hobbs_n be_v not_o afraid_a to_o contradict_v the_o scripture_n ordinary_a officer_n of_o the_o church_n who_o succeed_v the_o extraordinary_a be_v pastor_n and_o teacher_n eph._n 4.11_o both_o the_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o employment_n be_v either_o such_o as_o be_v design_v for_o feed_v of_o the_o soul_n by_o prayer_n word_n sacrament_n and_o be_v to_o perform_v the_o act_n of_o doctrine_n worship_n discipline_n or_o for_o feed_v of_o the_o body_n and_o outward_a relief_n and_o such_o be_v deacon_n after_o that_o the_o number_n of_o christian_n be_v increase_v and_o divide_v into_o congregation_n the_o pastor_n and_o teacher_n be_v set_v over_o their_o several_a congregation_n and_o flock_n assign_v unto_o they_o and_o these_o be_v call_v elder_n now_o the_o question_n be_v who_o in_o a_o christian_a commonwealth_n have_v power_n to_o make_v constitute_v ordain_v these_o ordinary_a officer_n the_o commonwealth_n say_v he_o the_o church_n say_v other_o he_o confess_v that_o the_o church_n do_v exercise_v this_o power_n till_o civil_a sovereign_n become_v christian_n and_o then_o both_o the_o power_n and_o exercise_v thereof_o cease_v to_o be_v in_o the_o church_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v he_o but_o his_o credit_n be_v not_o much_o and_o with_o i_o his_o authority_n be_v none_o to_o determine_v this_o question_n we_o must_v observe_v that_o its_o one_o thing_n to_o be_v a_o pastor_n minister_n or_o presbyter_n another_o thing_n to_o be_v the_o pastor_n of_o a_o certain_a congregation_n and_o another_o to_o have_v a_o right_n to_o some_o temporal_a revenue_n or_o dignity_n annex_v a_o minister_n be_v constitute_v in_o all_o well-ordered_a church_n to_o this_o day_n by_o the_o church_n the_o church_n and_o such_o as_o the_o church_n do_v trust_v do_v choose_v he_o try_v he_o approve_v he_o and_o ordain_v he_o and_o by_o the_o nomination_n approbation_n ordination_n of_o the_o church_n according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o christ_n all_o presbyter_n