i_o have_v peruse_v this_o report_n and_o do_v licence_n george_n grafton_n to_o print_v the_o same_o jan._n 23._o 1689_o 90._o hen._n pollexfen_n the_o case_n of_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o city_n of_o london_n wherein_o the_o judgement_n in_o that_o case_n and_o the_o argument_n in_o law_n touch_v the_o forfeiture_n and_o surrender_n of_o charter_n be_v report_a london_n print_v for_o george_n grafton_n near_o temple-bar_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1690._o mich._n 33._o car._n ii_o in_o b._n r._n rot_v 137._o sir_n robert_n sawyer_n knight_n his_o majesty_n attorney_n general_n against_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n the_o information_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la set_v forth_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n than_o last_o past_a and_o more_o use_v and_o yet_o do_v claim_v to_o have_v and_o use_v without_o any_o lawful_a warrant_n or_o regal_a grant_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o same_o city_n the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n follow_v viz._n i._o to_o be_v of_o themselves_o a_o body_n corporate_a and_o politic_a by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n ii_o to_o have_v sheriff_n civitat_fw-la &_o com'_v london_n &_o com._n mid_a '_o and_o to_o name_n elect_v make_v and_o constitute_v they_o iii_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o the_o say_a city_n shall_v be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o hold_v session_n of_o the_o peace_n all_o which_o liberty_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n the_o say_a mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n upon_o the_o king_n do_v by_o the_o space_n aforesaid_a usurp_v and_o yet_o do_v usurp_v the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n they_o appear_v by_o their_o attorney_n and_o plead_v plea_n plea_n i._o as_o to_o their_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a they_o prescribe_v and_o say_v 1._o that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v a_o ancient_a city_n and_o that_o the_o citizen_n of_o that_o city_n be_v and_o by_o all_o that_o time_n have_v be_v a_o body_n corporate_a and_o politic_a by_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o in_o magna_n carta_n de_fw-fr libertatib_n '_o angliae_fw-la in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 9_o hen._n 3._o it_o be_v enact_v quod_fw-la civitas_n london_n '_o habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la svas_fw-la antiquas_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la that_o in_o the_o parliament_n 1_o e._n 3._o that_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n de_fw-fr assensu_fw-la prelatorum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la and_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n have_v recite_v that_o the_o same_o citizen_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n magna_fw-la carta_n and_o also_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o other_o his_o progenitor_n have_v divers_a liberty_n and_o custom_n will_n and_o grant_n by_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o the_o same_o citizen_n shall_v have_v their_o liberty_n according_a to_o magna_fw-la carta_n and_o that_o for_o any_o personal_a trespass_n alicujus_fw-la ministri_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la civitatis_fw-la libertas_n civitatis_fw-la illius_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la ed._n 3._o vel_fw-la heredum_fw-la suorum_fw-la non_fw-la caperetur_fw-la sed_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la minister_n prout_fw-la qualitatem_fw-la transgressionis_fw-la puniretur_fw-la they_o plead_v also_o that_o in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 7_o r._n 2._o omnes_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la libertates_fw-la franchesia_n &_o privilegia_fw-la civitatis_fw-la predict_v '_o tunc_fw-la civibus_fw-la civitatis_fw-la illius_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la successoribus_fw-la licet_fw-la usi_fw-la non_fw-la fuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la authoritate_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la ratificat_fw-la '_o fuerunt_fw-la then_o they_o plead_v the_o confirmation_n of_o several_a late_a king_n by_o their_o charter_n as_o of_o king_n henry_n vi_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 26_o octob._n 23_o h._n 6._o king_n edward_n iv_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 9_o nou._n 2_o e._n 4._o king_n henry_n vii_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 23_o july_n 20_o h._n 7._o king_n james_n i._o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 25_o sept._n 6_o jac._n 1._o king_n charles_n i._o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 18_o octob._n 14_o c._n 1._o king_n charles_n ii_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 24_o jan._n 15_o c._n 2._o ac_fw-la eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v and_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n etc._n etc._n and_o traverse_v their_o usurp_a upon_o the_o king_n ii_o as_o to_o the_o have_v elect_a make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o middlesex_n they_o plead_v that_o they_o be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a as_o well_o by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n quam_fw-la per_fw-la nomen_fw-la civium_fw-la london_n and_o that_o king_n john_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o court_n produce_v date_v 5_o julii_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la grant_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o elect_n make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o middlesex_n imperpetuum_fw-la then_o they_o plead_v this_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n confirm_v to_o they_o by_o all_o the_o aforementioned_a statute_n and_o charter_n ac_fw-la eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n iii_o as_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n being_n justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o hold_v session_n they_o plead_v that_o the_o city_n be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v a_o ancient_a city_n and_o county_n and_o the_o citizen_n a_o body_n politic_n that_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n date_v 18_o octob._n 14._o car._n i._o grant_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o london_n such_o of_o they_o as_o have_v be_v mayor_n shall_v be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o shall_v hold_v session_n &_o eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v justice_n and_o hold_v session_n to_o this_o plea_n the_o attorney_n general_n reply_v respon_n respon_n and_o as_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a first_o take_v issue_n that_o they_o never_o be_v a_o body_n corporate_a and_o for_o this_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o country_n and_o then_o go_v over_o and_o plead_v that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n assume_v upon_o themselves_o to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o to_o have_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o convocate_v and_o assemble_v and_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o the_o city_n and_o citizen_n and_o for_o preserve_v the_o king_n peace_n under_o colour_n and_o pretext_n thereof_o but_o respect_v only_o their_o private_a gain_n and_o profit_n and_o against_o the_o trust_n in_o a_o body_n corporate_a by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n repose_v assume_v a_o unlawful_a and_o unjust_a authority_n to_o levy_v money_n upon_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o their_o own_o proper_a use_n by_o colour_n of_o law_n and_o ordinance_n by_o they_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la ordain_v and_o establish_v and_o in_o prosecution_n and_o execution_n of_o such_o illegal_a and_o unjust_a power_n and_o authority_n by_o they_o usurp_v 17_o of_o septemb_n 26_o car._n ii_o in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v make_v constitute_v and_o publish_v a_o certain_a law_n by_o they_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la enact_v for_o the_o levy_n of_o several_a sum_n of_o money_n of_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n come_v to_o the_o public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n to_o sell_v their_o provision_n viz._n of_o every_o person_n for_o every_o horseload_n of_o provision_n into_o any_o public_a market_n within_o the_o say_a city_n bring_v to_o sell_v 2_o d._n per_fw-la day_n for_o every_o dosser_n of_o provision_n 6_o d._n per_fw-la day_n for_o every_o cartload_n not_o draw_v with_o more_o than_o three_o horse_n 4_o d._n per_fw-la day_n if_o draw_v with_o more_o than_o three_o horse_n 6_o d._n per_fw-la day_n and_o that_o these_o sum_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n and_o if_o any_o refuse_v to_o pay_v then_o to_o be_v remove_v from_o his_o place_n in_o the_o market_n and_o that_o by_o colour_n of_o this_o law_n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n have_v illegal_o by_o
assess_v by_o their_o by-law_n then_o have_v they_o do_v wrong_n and_o therefore_o our_o traverse_n be_v proper_a to_o their_o reasonable_a toll_n that_o they_o have_v not_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n such_o a_o toll_n as_o they_o set_v forth_o for_o it_o must_v be_v such_o a_o reasonable_a toll_n as_o may_v answer_v to_o that_o which_o be_v assess_v in_o the_o by-law_n and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o put_v in_o issue_n for_o the_o king_n when_o once_o he_o have_v grant_v a_o market_n can_v after_o grant_v toll_n to_o that_o market_n because_o it_o be_v a_o free_a market_n and_o the_o people_n have_v right_a to_o come_v to_o it_o as_o a_o free_a market_n neither_o can_v they_o when_o once_o by_o custom_n they_o have_v exercise_v their_o power_n of_o assess_v reasonable_a toll_n alter_v that_o at_o their_o pleasure_n for_o it_o be_v once_o set_v all_o people_n have_v right_a to_o come_v upon_o such_o term_n and_o if_o they_o increase_v the_o toll_n under_o pretence_n to_o reduce_v it_o to_o certainty_n it_o will_v be_v void_a for_o they_o may_v lower_v their_o price_n if_o they_o will_v but_o they_o can_v never_o come_v to_o increase_v the_o penalty_n if_o therefore_o they_o have_v do_v all_o in_o not_o take_v issue_n upon_o the_o traverse_n which_o do_v take_v in_o the_o full_a substance_n of_o their_o rejoynder_n if_o it_o be_v good_a than_o judgmene_n must_v be_v give_v against_o they_o upon_o that_o reason_n so_o then_o my_o lord_n the_o question_n will_v be_v whether_o the_o make_n of_o a_o law_n to_o raise_v money_n at_o large_a upon_o the_o subject_a be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o charter_n and_o true_o my_o lord_n that_o it_o be_v for_o i._o it_o be_v the_o usurp_a of_o a_o power_n that_o they_o neither_o can_v have_v nor_o have_v by_o law_n ii_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o trust_v annex_v to_o the_o corporation_n for_o it_o be_v a_o misuser_n of_o the_o franchise_n to_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o therefore_o the_o charter_n must_v be_v forfeit_v and_o not_o the_o other_o franchise_n not_o the_o franchise_n of_o a_o toll_n for_o they_o have_v none_o not_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o market_n for_o that_o will_v be_v nothing_o if_o the_o market_n be_v forfeit_v it_o must_v either_o be_v extinguish_v or_o keep_v if_o it_o be_v extinguish_v it_o be_v a_o punishment_n to_o other_o that_o do_v not_o offend_v and_o if_o it_o be_v keep_v the_o it_o be_v forfeit_v it_o be_v no_o punishment_n to_o they_o that_o do_v offend_v and_o it_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o a_o market_n may_v be_v forfeit_v for_o take_v unreasonable_a toll_n and_o that_o appear_v in_o the_o case_n of_o maidenhead_n and_o as_o my_o lord_n coke_n say_v upon_o the_o statute_n about_o take_v outrageous_a toll_n the_o franchise_n shall_v be_v seize_v only_o till_o it_o be_v redeem_v by_o they_o but_o my_o lord_n however_o without_o go_v far_o into_o that_o matter_n this_o offence_n lie_v not_o only_o in_o take_v the_o money_n but_o in_o take_v upon_o they_o and_o usurp_a a_o power_n to_o make_v law_n to_o raise_v money_n they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o a_o legislative_a power_n to_o oppress_v their_o fellow_n subject_n that_o be_v their_o offence_n and_o that_o be_v a_o mis-use_a of_o their_o franchise_n my_o lord_n in_o the_o case_n of_o ship_n money_n it_o be_v not_o the_o quantum_fw-la of_o money_n that_o be_v raise_v that_o be_v complain_v or_o quarrel_v at_o but_o it_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o levy_v of_o it_o without_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o logic_n and_o consequence_n of_o that_o be_v it_o which_o be_v so_o much_o debate_v and_o stand_v upon_o so_o here_o the_o abuse_n and_o the_o offence_n be_v the_o make_v the_o law_n and_o the_o consequence_n of_o that_o for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v a_o prescription_n to_o lay_v so_o much_o they_o may_v have_v a_o prescription_n to_o lay_v ten_o time_n as_o much_o so_o that_o upon_o what_o i_o offer_v upon_o this_o point_n i_o conceive_v it_o ought_v to_o amount_v to_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o charter_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o corporation_n then_o the_o next_o thing_n will_v be_v that_o which_o be_v the_o last_o matter_n that_o be_v the_o petition_n and_o that_o be_v of_o a_o strange_a nature_n where_o the_o offence_n be_v not_o only_o in_o present_v but_o in_o printing_n and_o disperse_v of_o it_o it_o charge_v the_o king_n with_o interrupt_v the_o public_a justice_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o make_v the_o necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o security_n of_o his_o protestant_a subject_n for_o my_o lord_n to_o say_v that_o the_o prorogation_n of_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o king_n act_n who_o sure_o have_v alone_o and_o none_o but_o he_o the_o undoubted_a prerogative_n of_o call_v prorogue_a and_o dissolve_v parliament_n to_o say_v that_o act_n of_o his_o be_v a_o interruption_n of_o justice_n be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v the_o king_n do_v interrupt_v and_o it_o be_v do_v by_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n it_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o city_n in_o their_o common_a council_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o as_o we_o have_v plead_v it_o the_o mayor_n citizens_z and_o commonalty_n in_o common_a council_n do_v do_v it_o which_o sure_o be_v the_o corporation_n as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o and_o that_o i_o rely_v upon_o for_o the_o reason_n i_o offer_v before_o upon_o that_o point_n then_o the_o matter_n of_o this_o petition_n be_v the_o taking_z upon_o they_o to_o censure_v the_o king_n and_o his_o government_n by_o this_o petition_n the_o print_n and_o disperse_v it_o be_v now_o public_o scandalize_a and_o libel_v the_o king_n for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o appeal_n to_o the_o people_n it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o print_v any_o man_n private_a case_n while_o it_o be_v depend_v in_o any_o court_n of_o judicature_n before_o it_o come_v to_o judgement_n because_o it_o be_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o people_n and_o that_o be_v my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n opinion_n in_o colonel_n king_n case_n and_o the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o such_o proceed_n be_v so_o many_o and_o the_o danger_n so_o evident_a in_o these_o licentious_a day_n that_o i_o do_v not_o know_v indeed_o whether_o it_o may_v tend_v the_o fact_n be_v confess_v by_o they_o in_o their_o rejoynder_n but_o they_o say_v they_o do_v it_o to_o alleviate_v man_n fear_n and_o quiet_a their_o mind_n absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o they_o do_v it_o aliter_fw-la vel_fw-la alio_fw-la modo_fw-la sure_o my_o lord_n this_o be_v no_o sort_n of_o excuse_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o be_v it_o capable_a of_o any_o they_o have_v own_v the_o thing_n but_o they_o have_v excuse_v it_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o do_v thereof_o and_o i_o may_v venture_v to_o say_v the_o traverse_n be_v impertinent_a suppose_v a_o man_n be_v indict_v for_o publish_v a_o libel_n and_o the_o own_v the_o fact_n but_o do_v traverse_v absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o he_o do_v it_o malitiose_fw-la or_o with_o a_o intent_n to_o defame_v that_o sure_o will_v be_v a_o idle_a thing_n for_o those_o be_v construction_n that_o the_o law_n put_v upon_o it_o and_o be_v not_o matter_n traversable_a or_o to_o be_v put_v in_o issue_n but_o if_o the_o fact_n be_v do_v the_o law_n say_v it_o be_v malicious_o do_v and_o with_o such_o a_o intention_n therefore_o a_o confession_n of_o the_o fact_n be_v a_o confession_n of_o all_o the_o consequence_n that_o the_o law_n put_v upon_o the_o fact_n my_o lord_n this_o can_v amount_v to_o no_o less_o than_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o charter_n not_o only_o for_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o offence_n but_o because_o otherwise_o the_o law_n will_v be_v unequal_a for_o if_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o a_o private_a common_a person_n he_o must_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n as_o be_v the_o case_n of_o harrison_n in_o i.cr._n 503._o for_o word_n speak_v of_o justice_n hutton_n now_o my_o lord_n a_o corporation_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o suffer_v this_o imprisonment_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o much_o great_a offence_n in_o they_o as_o the_o body_n be_v great_a than_o any_o particular_a member_n and_o then_o that_o which_o be_v a_o great_a offence_n will_v have_v a_o less_o punishment_n if_o the_o charter_n itself_o be_v not_o forfeit_v than_o it_o will_v if_o a_o particular_a person_n be_v punish_v and_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o apply_v here_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n case_n that_o i_o cite_v before_o quia_fw-la dominus_fw-la libertatis_fw-la puniretur_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la quo_fw-la deliquit_fw-la so_o they_o shall_v lose_v their_o charter_n for_o the_o abuse_n of_o that_o power_n that_o be_v entrust_v with_o they_o by_o their_o
ed._n 3._o which_o i_o mention_v though_o i_o think_v we_o have_v no_o need_n of_o that_o in_o the_o case_n to_o help_v we_o if_o they_o make_v a_o unreasonable_a by-law_n it_o be_v void_a and_o every_o man_n that_o be_v aggrieve_v by_o it_o may_v have_v his_o remedy_n may_v bring_v his_o action_n shall_v you_o supply_v this_o by_o a_o intendment_n that_o they_o have_v such_o a_o relation_n that_o they_o be_v the_o representative_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n no_o my_o lord_n by_o law_n they_o be_v part_n of_o the_o corporation_n but_o they_o have_v no_o such_o power_n to_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n a_o custom_n shall_v never_o be_v construe_v to_o enable_v a_o man_n to_o do_v a_o wrong_n and_o a_o great_a wrong_n it_o be_v that_o they_o that_o be_v trust_v and_o trust_v but_o for_o a_o year_n and_o trust_v but_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o corporation_n of_o which_o they_o be_v part_n shall_v give_v up_o the_o be_v or_o what_o be_v worse_o forfeit_v the_o be_v of_o that_o corporation_n the_o custom_n of_o kent_n that_o make_v a_o infant_n capable_a of_o make_v a_o feoffment_n shall_v never_o enable_v a_o infant_n tenant_n in_o tail_n to_o make_v a_o feoffment_n so_o as_o to_o work_v a_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o estate_n tail_n and_o put_v the_o heir_n to_o his_o formedon_n every_o illegal_a act_n of_o they_o be_v beyond_o their_o commission_n and_o a_o nullity_n of_o that_o be_v all_o in_o respect_n of_o themselves_o and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o they_o the_o have_v never_o do_v it_o as_o to_o the_o corporation_n for_o they_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n the_o corporation_n for_o though_o they_o use_v the_o comm_n seal_n in_o some_o case_n at_o some_o time_n so_o do_v the_o court_n of_o alderman_n in_o other_o case_n but_o it_o be_v only_o in_o other_o case_n wherein_o they_o be_v particular_o entrust_v if_o a_o act_n of_o common_a council_n say_v that_o i_o shall_v have_v such_o and_o such_o land_n of_o the_o city_n that_o act_n signify_v nothing_o but_o as_o a_o direction_n and_o advise_v when_o it_o be_v under_o the_o common_a seal_n it_o be_v a_o act_n of_o corporation_n and_o proceed_v by_o advice_n of_o common_a council_n it_o bind_v now_o my_o lord_n this_o be_v the_o more_o unreasonable_a because_o we_o know_v that_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o common_a council_n in_o london_n be_v to_o advise_v for_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o unfrée-man_n as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o capacity_n to_o give_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o citizen_n when_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o other_o as_o well_o as_o they_o they_o have_v no_o such_o trust_n for_o they_o nay_o all_o trust_n they_o have_v be_v to_o keep_v their_o liberty_n and_o not_o to_o destroy_v they_o have_v any_o man_n a_o trust_n to_o destroy_v himself_o sure_o no_o man_n be_v trust_v by_o god_n himself_o to_o be_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la and_o certain_o then_o you_o can_v never_o understand_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o trust_n to_o destroy_v another_o and_o the_o least_o citizen_n my_o lord_n have_v as_o much_o and_o as_o true_a a_o interest_n in_o the_o corporation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n as_o the_o great_a and_o therefore_o 250_o if_o they_o have_v be_v much_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o citizen_n will_v signify_v nothing_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n my_o lord_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v this_o little_a more_o here_o be_v no_o crime_n charge_v relate_v to_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n here_o be_v indeed_o a_o fine_a word_n use_v that_o we_o do_v this_o contra_fw-la fiduciam_fw-la in_o corpore_fw-la politico_fw-la repositam_fw-la but_o all_o this_o be_v but_o a_o imaginary_a trust_n the_o king_n never_o give_v they_o a_o power_n or_o authority_n or_o entrust_v they_o to_o make_v by-law_n that_o be_v unreasonable_a he_o give_v they_o a_o power_n to_o make_v reasonable_a by-law_n and_o so_o he_o do_v every_o corporation_n and_o the_o same_o law_n that_o give_v they_o the_o power_n limit_n that_o power_n and_o say_v if_o they_o go_v beyond_o that_o power_n it_o be_v a_o nullity_n and_o these_o act_n relate_v not_o to_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n the_o petition_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o say_v to_o be_v against_o any_o trust_n repose_v in_o the_o corporation_n certain_o there_o never_o be_v any_o such_o trust_n do_v ever_o the_o king_n entrust_v they_o to_o advise_v he_o about_o the_o matter_n contain_v in_o the_o petition_n and_o if_o not_o then_o it_o be_v not_o contra_fw-la fiduciam_fw-la therefore_o it_o relate_v to_o particular_a person_n if_o it_o be_v a_o offence_n i_o hope_v it_o be_v none_o of_o the_o corporation_n but_o then_o the_o levy_n of_o money_n that_o be_v contra_fw-la fiduciam_fw-la they_o take_v upon_o they_o a_o illegal_a and_o unjust_a power_n in_o the_o common_a council_n suppose_v it_o so_o how_o do_v this_o belong_v to_o the_o corporation_n it_o be_v a_o encroachment_n upon_o property_n it_o be_v the_o most_o arbitrary_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n whether_o they_o have_v the_o market_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o it_o or_o not_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o be_v plead_v be_v confess_v by_o the_o demurrer_n and_o then_o for_o the_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n that_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v take_v from_o they_o while_o they_o be_v a_o corporation_n it_o be_v that_o which_o must_v be_v in_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n like_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_n in_o a_o man_n to_o express_v his_o resolution_n by_o and_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o if_o a_o man_n that_o have_v a_o market_n bid_v his_o servant_n go_v and_o remove_v such_o as_o have_v stall_n there_o unless_o they_o will_v pay_v so_o much_o that_o direction_n be_v as_o good_a a_o law_n as_o this_o and_o as_o bad_a a_o law_n as_o this_o and_o no_o more_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o in_o it_o but_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o officer_n what_o they_o shall_v do_v in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o market_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o city_n property_n then_o as_o to_o the_o former_a method_n of_o express_v themselves_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o act_n of_o common_a council_n or_o under_o the_o common_a seal_n or_o by_o their_o natural_a voice_n it_o be_v all_o one_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n that_o concern_v they_o as_o a_o body_n politic_n but_o if_o it_o be_v illegal_a and_o mistake_v i_o say_v the_o penalty_n be_v only_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v void_a what_o the_o common_a council_n nay_o what_o the_o corporation_n do_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o its_o authority_n be_v good_a what_o beyond_o that_o it_o do_v be_v void_a if_o i_o command_v my_o servant_n to_o distrain_v for_o rent_n and_o he_o kill_v a_o man_n in_o the_o do_n of_o it_o this_o as_o to_o i_o be_v void_a but_o as_o to_o himself_o that_o be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o and_o what_o i_o say_v of_o the_o common_a council_n i_o say_v of_o the_o corporation_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v a_o capacity_n and_o a_o limit_a capacity_n it_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o member_n not_o of_o the_o corporation_n if_o they_o do_v wrong_v the_o common_a council_n can_v act_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o city_n can_v do_v no_o more_o if_o they_o themselves_o shall_v meet_v crook_n eliz._n fol._n 85._o the_o queen_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o land_n to_o the_o man_n of_o chesterfield_n by_o the_o name_n of_o alderman_n and_o they_o by_o that_o name_n grant_v all_o their_o interest_n to_o clerk_n say_v that_o book_n this_o be_v void_a for_o the_o queen_n grant_v they_o a_o lease_n as_o to_o the_o alderman_n of_o chesterfield_n this_o make_v they_o a_o corporation_n and_o give_v they_o a_o capacity_n to_o take_v but_o not_o to_o grant_v and_o so_o roll_v abr._n 1_o p._n 513._o and_o therefore_o no_o corporation_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o corporation_n but_o only_o when_o it_o act_v according_a to_o the_o capacity_n allow_v to_o it_o and_o as_o to_o the_o rest_n it_o all_o turn_n into_o their_o private_a capacity_n but_o it_o affect_v not_o the_o body_n nor_o have_v any_o such_o relation_n as_o to_o bind_v it_o my_o lord_n all_z the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o person_n in_o esse_fw-la as_o this_o corporation_n whether_o the_o city_n of_o london_n shall_v subsist_v as_o such_o a_o person_n to_o sue_v and_o be_v sue_v to_o plead_v and_o be_v emplead_v there_o be_v nothing_o of_o government_n or_o misgovernment_n in_o the_o case_n but_o it_o be_v all_o about_o our_o capacity_n and_o nothing_o else_o whether_o we_o shall_v be_v
the_o time_n be_v and_o of_o certain_a freeman_n not_o exceed_v 250_o annual_o elect_v to_o serve_v as_o common_a council-man_n and_o be_v call_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n there_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n that_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o such_o citizen_n so_o elect_v to_o be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n according_a to_o custom_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o make_v by-law_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o better_a regulation_n of_o the_o public_a market_n for_o appoint_v time_n and_o place_n and_o assess_v and_o reduce_v into_o certainty_n reasonable_a toll_v rate_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n payable_a for_o stall_n and_o stand_n in_o the_o market_n for_o any_o thing_n appear_v upon_o the_o record_n this_o be_v all_o they_o have_v power_n to_o do_v non_fw-la constat_fw-la to_o the_o court_n that_o they_o have_v any_o other_o power_n or_o authority_n over_o land_n estate_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o next_o if_o this_o which_o in_o the_o rejoinder_n be_v allege_v of_o the_o be_v and_o power_n be_v true_a and_o so_o admit_v than_o what_o they_o do_v in_o make_v the_o ordinance_n be_v do_v by_o good_a and_o lawful_a power_n and_o authority_n and_o then_o can_v be_v no_o offence_n but_o if_o to_o make_v the_o ordinance_n be_v a_o offence_n and_o a_o unlawful_a act_n you_o deny_v the_o custom_n to_o be_v good_a and_o say_v the_o custom_n be_v void_a and_o against_o law_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o ordinance_n illegal_a then_o non_fw-la constat_fw-la that_o they_o have_v any_o power_n at_o all_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n and_o then_o a_o common_a council_n to_o advise_v without_o power_n to_o do_v any_o act_n and_o if_o so_o how_o can_v a_o parcel_n or_o part_n of_o a_o corporation_n not_o authorise_v to_o do_v any_o act_n do_v a_o act_n that_o shall_v forfeit_v suppose_v a_o particular_a company_n as_o the_o mercer_n have_v do_v this_o can_v this_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n but_o if_o to_o avoid_v this_o you_o will_v say_v that_o the_o court_n shall_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o london_n to_o have_v the_o management_n of_o the_o business_n of_o the_o corporation_n belong_v to_o they_o this_o i_o think_v the_o court_n can_v do_v and_o i_o can_v see_v how_o possible_o they_o can_v as_o a_o court_n judicial_o take_v notice_n hereof_o suppose_v our_o question_n have_v be_v concern_v another_o corporation_n can_v the_o court_n then_o as_o a_o court_n judicial_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o power_n or_o authority_n of_o their_o common_a council_n mr._n solicitor_n in_o his_o argument_n hold_v that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o london_n and_o another_o corporation_n except_o that_o london_n be_v the_o big_a then_o put_v the_o case_n of_o any_o other_o corporation_n can_v the_o court_n judicial_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o their_o power_n or_o interest_n without_o have_v it_o special_o set_v forth_o be_v it_o possible_a the_o court_n can_v since_o they_o differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o as_o much_o as_o their_o charter_n or_o constitution_n do_v differ_v of_o which_o there_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v find_v two_o in_o england_n that_o do_v agree_v in_o their_o power_n if_o it_o have_v be_v of_o another_o corporation_n of_o necessity_n the_o constitution_n of_o the_o common_a council_n must_v have_v be_v set_v forth_o if_o you_o be_v upon_o a_o by-law_n make_v by_o any_o other_o than_o the_o body_n politic_a itself_o must_v not_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o those_o that_o make_v it_o be_v show_v and_o set_v forth_o in_o plead_v in_o any_o case_n where_o there_o be_v occasion_n to_o use_v it_o how_o otherwise_o can_v the_o court_n judge_n or_o determine_v of_o it_o so_o that_o take_v the_o law_n to_o be_v as_o the_o other_o side_n say_v that_o london_n differ_v not_o from_o any_o other_o corporation_n it_o be_v not_o where_o allege_v in_o the_o plead_v that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o make_v by-law_n for_o the_o order_n and_o govern_v the_o city_n or_o that_o they_o can_v bind_v all_o the_o corporation_n in_o sale_n or_o disposition_n of_o their_o land_n or_o have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o common_a seal_n therefore_o when_o the_o king_n counsel_n argue_v from_o these_o power_n their_o power_n of_o forfeit_v they_o argue_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o record_n they_o have_v not_o where_o allege_v or_o plead_v what_o they_o be_v or_o what_o power_n they_o have_v as_o they_o shall_v have_v do_v if_o they_o have_v so_o intend_v so_o as_o to_o this_o particular_a here_o be_v nothing_o before_o the_o court_n nothing_o upon_o record_n to_o show_v how_o or_o which_o way_n the_o body_n politic_a shall_v be_v concern_v in_o these_o act_n of_o about_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o of_o their_o member_n call_v the_o common_a council_n wheresoever_o any_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n be_v plead_v the_o power_n to_o make_v these_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n be_v plead_v and_o so_o be_v all_o particular_a and_o derive_v authority_n whenever_o occasion_n to_o plead_v they_o and_o necessary_a they_o shall_v be_v so_o for_o it_o be_v fact_n that_o the_o other_o side_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o deny_v it_o if_o he_o see_v cause_n and_o therefore_o if_o they_o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o common_a council_n have_v abuse_v some_o power_n or_o authority_n they_o have_v thereby_o to_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v show_v it_o to_o say_v that_o notice_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v or_o presume_v be_v in_o truth_n a_o presumption_n upon_o the_o court_n as_o if_o the_o court_n shall_v take_v notice_n of_o intent_n or_o presume_v what_o the_o king_n counsel_n will_v have_v which_o the_o court_n can_v nor_o will_v do_v more_o in_o this_o than_o in_o other_o case_n but_o suppose_v the_o court_n will_v take_v more_o notice_n of_o london_n than_o any_o other_o corporation_n and_o will_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o common_a council_n there_o and_o of_o their_o power_n and_o authority_n and_o i_o will_v suppose_v as_o the_o other_o side_n do_v that_o they_o have_v the_o power_n of_o make_v by-law_n of_o lease_v grant_v and_o manage_v the_o city_n land_n and_o revenue_n and_o of_o seal_v with_o the_o common_a seal_n and_o that_o this_o they_o have_v by_o custom_n then_o sure_o say_v the_o other_o side_n they_o have_v the_o power_n of_o surrender_v and_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n if_o i_o shall_v answer_v sure_o and_o without_o doubt_n they_o have_v not_o this_o will_v not_o argue_v they_o have_v not_o but_o the_o argument_n shall_v come_v of_o the_o other_o side_n to_o prove_v they_o have_v they_o have_v not_o nor_o can_v produce_v any_o case_n or_o opinion_n to_o prove_v it_o and_o the_o very_a thought_n that_o they_o can_v be_v so_o new_a that_o i_o believe_v none_o can_v be_v find_v like_o it_o but_o let_v we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o thing_n a_o little_a par_fw-fr ticular_o though_o general_a discourse_n be_v most_o easy_a and_o florid-yet_a perhaps_o a_o particular_a enquiry_n may_v best_o discover_v admit_v that_o they_o have_v the_o power_n the_o other_o side_n say_v they_o have_v yet_o they_o be_v not_o the_o corporation_n but_o a_o part_n constitute_v for_o these_o particular_n end_n and_o purpose_n for_o which_o they_o be_v impower_v corporation_n have_v their_o creation_n by_o charter_n that_o give_v they_o their_o be_v and_o the_o form_n method_n and_o power_n of_o action_n suppose_v that_o the_o first_o charter_n of_o incorporation_n that_o be_v grant_v to_o london_n do_v grant_v that_o the_o citizen_n shall_v be_v incorporate_a and_o a_o body_n politic_a by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o mayor_n so_o many_o alderman_n and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n annual_o elect_v that_o shall_v be_v a_o common_a council_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o make_v by-law_n to_o demise_n or_o grant_v their_o land_n under_o the_o common_a seal_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o corporation_n if_o they_o do_v any_o act_n not_o within_o their_o commission_n be_v not_o that_o void_a suppose_v a_o grant_v make_v to_o the_o common_a council_n will_v not_o that_o be_v void_a suppose_v a_o grant_v make_v by_o the_o common_a council_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o common_a council_n under_o seal_n or_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o corporation_n but_o not_o under_o common_a seal_n be_v not_o all_o this_o void_a this_o i_o only_o instance_n to_o show_v that_o their_o charter_n and_o authority_n be_v their_o power_n and_o warrant_n they_o be_v to_o act_v by_o do_v ever_o any_o man_n hear_v of_o or_o see_v a_o charter_n give_v the_o common_a council_n power_n to_o surrender_v the_o corporation_n or_o be_v it_o ever_o think_v of_o before_o
these_o day_n if_o then_o no_o such_o power_n by_o the_o charter_n give_v if_o they_o can_v do_v it_o without_o power_n give_v they_o show_v i_o their_o power_n or_o else_o i_o think_v i_o may_v conclude_v sure_a they_o can_v surrender_v the_o corporation_n without_o power_n but_o the_o common_a council_n in_o london_n that_o be_v by_o custom_n and_o their_o power_n be_v by_o custom_n then_o if_o the_o question_n be_v what_o be_v their_o power_n it_o be_v answer_v what_o they_o have_v use_v and_o accustom_v to_o do_v that_o they_o may_v do_v what_o they_o have_v not_o use_v or_o accustom_v to_o do_v that_o they_o can_v do_v for_o if_o custom_n and_o usage_n be_v the_o authority_n that_o authority_n can_v go_v no_o far_o than_o their_o custom_n and_o usage_n go_v then_o put_v the_o question_n have_v the_o common_a council_n use_v to_o surrender_v or_o forfeit_v the_o charter_n no_o body_n can_v say_v it_o what_o reason_n then_o be_v there_o for_o any_o man_n to_o say_v they_o can_v do_v it_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o common_a council_n in_o london_n have_v first_o their_o institution_n from_o some_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n though_o now_o not_o to_o be_v produce_v but_o consume_v by_o time_n but_o be_v it_o that_o or_o any_o other_o imagine_a commencement_n can_v it_o be_v imagine_v that_o those_o that_o give_v they_o their_o original_a authority_n give_v they_o power_n to_o surrender_v the_o corporation_n or_o forfeit_v it_o suppose_v that_o the_o power_n give_v they_o do_v authorise_v they_o not_o only_o to_o make_v by-law_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o good_a order_n and_o government_n of_o the_o corporation_n to_o grant_v or_o demise_n their_o land_n and_o revenue_n but_o have_v some_o general_a word_n in_o it_o to_o act_v and_o manage_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v it_o not_o against_o all_o sense_n to_o suppose_v that_o that_o which_o be_v depute_v and_o constitute_v for_o the_o well-ordering_a and_o manage_v of_o the_o corporation_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o surrender_v it_o then_o as_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v that_o because_o they_o may_v surrender_v they_o may_v forfeit_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o hope_v i_o may_v argue_v if_o they_o can_v surrender_v or_o dispose_v of_o the_o corporation_n they_o can_v forfeit_v next_o those_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n be_v not_o do_v neither_o in_o the_o name_n nor_o as_o the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n nor_o under_o any_o seal_n but_o do_v import_n in_o themselves_o only_o to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n the_o ordinance_n that_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v the_o petition_n be_v the_o petition_n of_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o in_o council_n assemble_v their_o lease_n or_o grant_n be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o under_o the_o common_a seal_n and_o the_o common_a council_n only_o ministerial_a to_o the_o corporation_n in_o order_v manage_v and_o dispose_v all_o for_o the_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o corporation_n to_o avoid_v the_o inconveniency_n of_o assemble_v the_o numerous_a body_n but_o that_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v but_o a_o ministerial_a power_n for_o the_o service_n and_o benefit_n of_o their_o principal_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o self_z convey_v or_o surrender_v and_o destroy_v their_o principal_n be_v no_o consequence_n in_o law_n or_o reason_n no_o deputy-assistant_n or_o bailiff_n have_v such_o power_n if_o he_o excee_v his_o authority_n his_o act_n be_v void_a be_v it_o not_o so_o with_o all_o authority_n and_o derive_v power_n what_o they_o do_v beyond_o their_o authority_n can_v bind_v those_o from_o who_o they_o derive_v it_o it_o can_v be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n for_o a_o corporation_n can_v make_v a_o petition_n no_o more_o than_o they_o can_v make_v a_o deed_n or_o subscribe_v a_o write_n except_o under_o the_o common_a seal_n corporation_n can_v make_v a_o lease_n at_o will_n 39_o 12_o h._n 7._o 25_o 26._o 9_o e._n 4._o 39_o licence_n a_o man_n to_o enter_v upon_o their_o land_n or_o do_v any_o like_a act_n but_o under_o their_o common_a seal_n nor_o can_v they_o commit_v a_o trespass_n or_o disseisin_n but_o by_o command_n precedent_n or_o assent_v subsequent_a under_o their_o common_a seal_n how_o then_o can_v this_o be_v their_o act_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o it_o that_o import_v it_o shall_v be_v they_o nor_o ever_o intend_v to_o be_v they_o it_o be_v not_o do_v by_o they_o nor_o in_o their_o name_n but_o by_o the_o common_a council_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o common_a council_n if_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v out_o of_o the_o record_n we_o know_v that_o they_o have_v in_o london_n a_o great_a assembly_n than_o the_o common_a council_n viz._n the_o common_a hall_n wherein_o the_o common_a council_n be_v no_o more_o than_o other_o can_v the_o petition_n of_o the_o mayor_n or_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n in_o their_o name_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n if_o that_o can_v be_v why_o shall_v the_o petition_n of_o the_o common_a council_n in_o their_o own_o name_n be_v any_o other_o than_o their_o own_o petition_n as_o their_o ordinance_n and_o by-law_n they_o and_o not_o the_o corporation_n the_o case_n of_o corporation_n take_v notice_n of_o their_o power_n as_o common_a council_n 4.77_o rep._n 4.77_o to_o exclude_v the_o commonalty_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o corporation_n 5._o 13_o c._n 2._o cap._n 5._o the_o act_n allow_v the_o common_a council_n order_v petition_n but_o where_o be_v it_o to_o be_v find_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o say_v or_o think_v on_o before_o that_o they_o can_v forfeit_v or_o dissolve_v the_o corporation_n 4._o but_o suppose_v all_o that_o i_o have_v say_v against_o i_o and_o suppopose_v the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o suppose_v those_o act_n viz._n the_o make_v the_o ordinance_n and_o petition_v not_o justifiable_a or_o excusable_a then_o the_o great_a point_n will_v be_v whether_o they_o or_o either_o of_o they_o be_v such_o miscarriage_n or_o offence_n in_o law_n for_o which_o the_o charter_n that_o be_v the_o very_o be_v of_o the_o corporation_n shall_v be_v forfeit_a this_o i_o call_v the_o great_a point_n for_o i_o think_v it_o to_o be_v as_o great_a in_o consequence_n as_o ever_o any_o at_o this_o bar_n as_o if_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v at_o stake_n for_o in_o my_o apprehension_n not_o only_a london_n but_o all_o the_o corporation_n of_o england_n and_o the_o government_n of_o england_n will_v be_v deep_o concern_v in_o the_o question_n for_o let_v we_o but_o consider_v what_o a_o vast_a part_n of_o england_n be_v concern_v in_o the_o corporation_n of_o england_n 1._o ecclesiastical_a or_o mix_v as_o archbishop_n bishop_n dean_n and_o chapter_n parson_n vicar_n university_n college_n hospital_n of_o all_o sort_n 2._o all_o the_o city_n and_o considerable_a town_n and_o borough_n in_o england_n 3._o the_o very_a frame_n of_o our_o government_n be_v concern_v for_o one_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n viz._n the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n consist_v of_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v usual_o choose_v by_o they_o that_o be_v free_a of_o the_o respective_a city_n and_o corporation_n and_o where_o not_o choose_v by_o they_o yet_o the_o election_n be_v general_o under_o their_o power_n and_o influence_n and_o the_o return_v make_v by_o they_o perhaps_o also_o a_o peerage_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o corporation_n perhaps_o the_o world_n itself_o at_o least_o this_o little_a world_n will_v no_o long_o be_v able_a to_o subsist_v in_o health_n than_o the_o due_a order_n and_o just_a temperament_n of_o the_o several_a part_n and_o power_n therein_o be_v preserve_v and_o contain_v themselves_o within_o their_o own_o bound_n the_o take_v away_o or_o enfeeble_v any_o principal_a part_n bring_v a_o lameness_n and_o deformity_n pain_n and_o disorder_n upon_o and_o at_o length_n confound_v the_o whole_a the_o law_n answer_v their_o end_n whereof_o the_o principal_a be_v the_o preservation_n of_o the_o government_n which_o preserve_v the_o law_n they_o can_v subsist_v one_o without_o the_o other_o therefore_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v that_o tend_v to_o the_o subversion_n or_o leave_v at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n that_o which_o be_v so_o considerable_a in_o our_o government_n as_o corporation_n be_v aught_o to_o be_v thorough_o consider_v the_o better_a to_o examine_v and_o consider_v this_o great_a point_n in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o reason_n give_v on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v object_n 1._o that_o if_o corporation_n be_v not_o forfeitable_a for_o their_o miscarriage_n they_o will_v attempt_v and_o do_v
r._n 2._o justice_n jones_n 283._o have_v it_o verbatim_o out_o of_o the_o parliament_n roll._n the_o constant_a course_n of_o plead_v the_o custom_n of_o london_n be_v to_o plead_v a_o confirmation_n of_o they_o by_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n so_o that_o as_o to_o this_o point_n there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o book_n or_o opinion_n before_o this_o day_n in_o favour_n of_o what_o be_v affirm_v that_o these_o be_v not_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o our_o plea_n stand_v good_a in_o law_n and_o the_o ordinance_n and_o by-law_n and_o custom_n good_a and_o then_o no_o forfeiture_n thereby_o 3._o but_o suppose_v and_o admit_v that_o this_o by-law_n be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v not_o good_a and_o sufficient_a in_o law_n nor_o in_o law_n justifiable_a quid_fw-la sequitur_fw-la then_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n then_o if_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n how_o can_v it_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n suppose_v a_o lessee_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n make_v a_o feoffment_n but_o it_o be_v not_o due_o execute_v for_o want_n of_o livery_n and_o seisin_n by_o which_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n can_v this_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o lessee_n suppose_v a_o corporation_n tenant_n pur_fw-mi auter_n vie_fw-fr make_v a_o feoffment_n which_o be_v void_a for_o want_v of_o livery_n due_o make_v will_v this_o forfeit_v their_o estate_n a_o void_a act_n shall_v not_o destroy_v or_o forfeit_v a_o precedent_a estate_n a_o parson_n that_o have_v a_o former_a benefice_n accept_v a_o second_o benefice_n incompatible_a b._n dy._n 377._o b._n be_v institute_v and_o induct_v but_o do_v not_o read_v the_o the_o article_n his_o first_o benefice_n be_v not_o forfeit_a or_o void_a hereby_o because_o by_o the_o statute_n the_o not_o read_v his_o article_n have_v make_v his_o institution_n and_o induction_n void_a so_o that_o then_o whether_o this_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n be_v good_a or_o void_a in_o law_n perhaps_o be_v not_o much_o material_a it_o can_v make_v any_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o corporation_n it_o can_v have_v no_o such_o effect_n for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o good_a and_o lawful_a by-law_n no_o forfeiture_n can_v be_v for_o do_v a_o good_a and_o lawful_a act._n if_o the_o ordinance_n be_v not_o warrantable_a by_o law_n than_o it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n if_o void_a in_o law_n a_o void_a act_n can_v make_v no_o forfeiture_n obj._n but_o you_o receive_v and_o exact_v from_o the_o king_n subject_n sum_n of_o money_n by_o this_o ordinance_n resp_n suppose_v we_o do_v and_o that_o we_o have_v no_o right_a to_o have_v this_o money_n if_o a_o officer_n by_o colour_n of_o his_o office_n receive_v more_o than_o be_v due_a it_o be_v extortion_n and_o a_o crime_n punishable_a but_o if_o a_o person_n that_o be_v no_o officer_n take_v money_n that_o be_v not_o due_a or_o more_o than_o be_v his_o due_n the_o party_n injure_v have_v their_o remedy_n by_o action_n but_o this_o be_v no_o crime_n for_o which_o any_o forfeiture_n or_o penalty_n be_v incur_v by_o the_o person_n that_o so_o take_v or_o receive_v the_o money_n suppose_v a_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n exact_a or_o take_v great_a fine_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n from_o his_o copyholder_n or_o tenant_n than_o he_o ought_v they_o have_v their_o remedy_n by_o action_n against_o those_o that_o receive_v so_o if_o a_o corporation_n receive_v or_o take_v money_n suppose_v to_o be_v due_a but_o in_o truth_n be_v not_o how_o can_v this_o forfeit_n any_o thing_n obj._n but_o you_o take_v upon_o you_o a_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o tax_v the_o king_n people_n and_o to_o take_v and_o receive_v the_o money_n so_o tax_v resp_n this_o be_v but_o the_o same_o thing_n only_o put_v into_o great_a word_n it_o be_v still_o but_o the_o make_n of_o a_o unlawful_a by-law_n and_o thereby_o appoint_v money_n to_o be_v pay_v which_o ought_v not_o or_o more_o than_o shall_v be_v and_o the_o turn_n of_o it_o or_o express_v it_o in_o stately_a word_n of_o take_v upon_o you_o or_o usurp_a authority_n to_o impose_v upon_o and_o tax_v the_o king_n people_n whosoever_o do_v any_o act_n or_o thing_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o and_o do_v also_o execute_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o do_v that_o act_n or_o thing_n which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o thing_n do_v the_o make_v a_o by-law_n or_o ordinance_n whereby_o more_o be_v order_v to_o be_v pay_v than_o aught_o or_o money_n appoint_v to_o be_v pay_v where_o none_o be_v due_a be_v still_o all_o the_o fact_n and_o thing_n do_v and_o if_o that_o make_v no_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o corporation_n or_o crime_n punishable_a by_o indictment_n or_o information_n except_o only_o as_o the_o statute_n 19_o h._n 7._o c._n 7._o which_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o mention_v have_v appoint_v for_o forfeiture_n of_o 40_o s._n the_o take_n or_o usurp_v the_o power_n to_o do_v it_o can_v be_v more_o or_o effect_v more_o than_o the_o do_v the_o thing_n which_o comprehend_v it_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o other_o cause_n allege_v in_o the_o replication_n for_o forfeiture_n the_o petition_n print_v and_o publish_v it_o in_o the_o replication_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o a_o parliament_n the_o 10_o of_o january_n be_v prorogue_v to_o the_o 20_o of_o january_n that_o the_o 13_o of_o january_n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v malitiose_fw-la advisate_n &_o seditiose_fw-la take_v upon_o they_o add_v judicand_v '_o &_o censand_n '_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prorogation_n of_o the_o parliament_n by_o the_o king_n so_o make_v and_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n so_o in_o the_o say_v common_a council_n assemble_v do_v give_v their_o vote_n and_o order_n that_o a_o petition_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o common_a council_n assemble_v shall_v be_v exhibit_v to_o the_o king_n in_o which_o petition_n it_o be_v contain_v that_o by_o that_o prorogation_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o make_v necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o protestant_a subject_n have_v receive_v interruption_n and_o that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n in_o common_a council_n as_o aforesaid_a assemble_v do_v malicious_o and_o seditious_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v disperse_v among_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o to_o cause_v a_o opinion_n that_o the_o king_n obstruct_v the_o public_a justice_n and_o to_o stir_v up_o hatred_n and_o dislike_n against_o the_o king_n person_n and_o government_n do_v order_v the_o say_a petition_n to_o be_v print_v and_o afterward_o they_o do_v print_v it_o and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v publish_v the_o defendant_n in_o their_o rejoinder_n to_o this_o breach_n set_v forth_o and_o alleadg_n petition_n rejoinder_n as_o to_o the_o petition_n that_o there_o be_v a_o plot_n against_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n the_o government_n and_o the_o protestant_a religion_n and_o set_v forth_o all_o the_o proceed_n upon_o it_o the_o attainder_n and_o impeachment_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o tower_n in_o parliament_n depend_v the_o proclamation_n declare_v the_o danger_n by_o this_o plot_n that_o they_o can_v not_o otherwise_o in_o (null)_o reason_n be_v prevent_v but_o by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n upon_o the_o consultation_n and_o endeavour_n of_o that_o great_a council_n the_o parliament_n and_o command_v a_o general_n fast_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o london_n the_o 22d_o of_o december_n and_o that_o it_o be_v keep_v according_o the_o proceed_n in_o the_o parliament_n towards_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o prepare_v bill_n to_o be_v enact_v into_o law_n for_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n against_o these_o plot_n and_o cospiracy_n that_o divers_a of_o the_o citizen_n loyal_a subject_n be_v much_o affright_v and_o trouble_v in_o their_o mind_n with_o the_o apprehension_n of_o these_o danger_n do_v exhibit_v their_o petition_n to_o sir_n patience_n ward_n than_o lord_n mayor_n and_o the_o alderman_n and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n then_o assemble_v contain_v their_o fear_n and_o apprehension_n and_o expectation_n from_o the_o king_n and_o that_o parliament_n do_v petition_n that_o the_o common_a council_n will_v petition_v for_o the_o sit_v of_o that_o parliament_n at_o the_o time_n prorogue_v and_o thereupon_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n name_v they_o and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v from_o their_o heart_n true_o loyal_a to_o the_o king_n and_o for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o citizen_n who_o have_v exhibit_v that_o petition_n and_o of_o intent_n to_o preserve_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o government_n do_v give_v their_o vote_n and_o order_v a_o petition_n