of_o the_o supreme_a authority_n in_o this_o kingdom_n from_o these_o and_o other_o such_o easy_a observation_n any_o impartial_a unprejudiced_a person_n will_v certain_o conclude_v that_o our_o english_a government_n according_a to_o its_o essential_a constitution_n be_v a_o mixture_n of_o three_o form_n of_o government_n for_o he_o observe_v a_o monarchy_n in_o the_o king_n a_o aristocracy_n in_o the_o peer_n and_o a_o democracy_n in_o the_o commons_o all_o which_o share_n it_o that_o part_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n which_o consist_v in_o make_v law_n and_o though_o our_o government_n be_v call_v a_o monarchy_n because_o that_o kind_a be_v predominant_a in_o the_o constitution_n according_a to_o the_o know_a rule_n that_o the_o denomination_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o excel_v part_n the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o a_o share_n in_o the_o nomothetick_a power_n but_o also_o the_o whole_a executive_a power_n commit_v to_o he_o yet_o we_o can_v but_o conclude_v from_o the_o forego_n observation_n that_o our_o monarchy_n be_v not_o absolute_a and_o unlimited_a that_o the_o law_n be_v the_o state_v rule_n and_o measure_n of_o our_o government_n and_o that_o the_o law_n can_v be_v make_v alter_v or_o annul_v by_o the_o sole_a pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n but_o as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o determinate_a rule_n by_o which_o the_o king_n be_v to_o govern_v and_o the_o people_n to_o obey_v so_o it_o be_v to_o be_v make_v or_o change_v only_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o both_o in_o a_o parliament_n i_o may_v confirm_v all_o this_o by_o transcribe_v out_o of_o book_n several_a testimony_n which_o occur_v in_o the_o declaration_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o write_n of_o judge_n and_o other_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n but_o as_o these_o will_v make_v a_o letter_n too_o tedious_a so_o they_o be_v unnecessary_a to_o a_o unprejudiced_a considerer_n and_o by_o other_o will_v be_v suspect_v of_o partiality_n to_o the_o people_n of_o who_o they_o be_v a_o part_n i_o shall_v therefore_o only_o add_v the_o testimony_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o i._o who_o of_o all_o man_n have_v most_o reason_n to_o study_v understand_v and_o assert_v the_o right_n of_o the_o english_a monarchy_n he_o free_o declare_v in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o nineteen_o proposition_n p._n 96._o that_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o government_n among_o men._n absolute_a monarchy_n arislocracy_n and_o democracy_n and_o all_o these_o have_v their_o particular_a convenience_n and_o inconvenience_n the_o experience_n and_o wisdom_n of_o our_o ancestor_n have_v so_o mould_v this_o out_o of_o a_o mixture_n of_o these_o as_o to_o give_v to_o this_o kingdom_n as_o far_o as_o human_a prudence_n can_v provide_v the_o convenience_n of_o all_o three_o without_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o any_o one._n he_o also_o in_o the_o same_o answer_n affirm_v that_o in_o this_o kingdom_n the_o law_n be_v joint_o make_v by_o a_o king_n by_o a_o house_n of_o peer_n and_o by_o a_o house_n of_o commons_o he_o likewise_o affirm_v in_o his_o declaration_n from_o newmarket_n that_o the_o law_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o his_o power_n and_o in_o another_o declaration_n to_o the_o minister_n and_o freeholder_n of_o the_o county_n of_o york_n he_o acknowledge_v that_o his_o prerogative_n be_v build_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land._n from_o these_o and_o other_o such_o passage_n which_o frequent_o occur_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o king_n who_o so_o earnest_o dispute_v for_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n we_o may_v be_v abundant_o convince_v that_o the_o english_a monarchy_n be_v not_o unmixed_a or_o unlimited_a and_o can_v therefore_o enough_o admire_v the_o lewd_a presumption_n of_o other_o who_o have_v dare_v to_o attempt_v a_o change_n in_o our_o english_a government_n who_o prefer_v the_o extreme_n of_o tyranny_n and_o slavery_n to_o the_o just_a temperament_n of_o our_o english_a constitution_n who_o have_v labour_v to_o tempt_v our_o king_n into_o a_o affectation_n of_o absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a power_n and_o have_v miserable_o overlay_v the_o conscience_n of_o their_o fellow-subject_n with_o a_o boundless_a unlimited_a dread_n of_o a_o boundless_a unlimited_a power_n 3._o there_o be_v also_o great_a mistake_n about_o the_o measure_n of_o our_o obedience_n and_o submission_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v remove_v before_o our_o conscience_n can_v make_v a_o free_a and_o impartial_a determination_n of_o the_o case_n before_o we_o we_o have_v be_v tell_v it_o often_o and_o with_o great_a earnestness_n that_o we_o be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o yield_v a_o active_a obedience_n to_o the_o king_n in_o all_o case_n not_o countermand_v by_o god_n and_o to_o resist_v he_o in_o no_o case_n whatsoever_o if_o indeed_o the_o two_o forego_v error_n have_v stand_v the_o proof_n this_o will_v have_v follow_v by_o necessary_a consequence_n for_o if_o a_o monarch_n be_v jure_fw-la divino_fw-la he_o must_v be_v absolute_a and_o if_o he_o be_v so_o there_o be_v no_o case_n not_o except_v by_o god_n in_o which_o we_o must_v not_o obey_v he_o and_o none_o at_o all_o in_o which_o we_o may_v resist_v he_o but_o then_o we_o may_v make_v this_o advantage_n from_o the_o connexion_n which_o these_o error_n have_v one_o to_o another_o that_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v refute_v the_o rest_n much_o necessary_o fall_v with_o it_o and_o if_o according_a to_o the_o english_a principle_n premise_v our_o government_n be_v found_v on_o the_o constitution_n of_o this_o country_n and_o according_a to_o those_o constitution_n be_v mix_v and_o limit_v then_o there_o may_v be_v some_o case_n in_o which_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o we_o not_o to_o obey_v the_o king_n and_o not_o unlawful_a to_o resist_v he_o for_o though_o it_o may_v be_v true_a that_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v active_o whatever_o be_v command_v by_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o any_o law_n of_o god_n yet_o we_o can_v assert_v so_o much_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o king_n only_o because_o he_o have_v not_o the_o whole_a legislative_a power_n a_o act_n of_o his_o private_a will_n be_v destitute_a of_o that_o authority_n which_o can_v derive_v a_o obligation_n upon_o conscience_n although_o therefore_o a_o king_n may_v require_v thing_n not_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o law_n of_o god_n yet_o if_o they_o be_v beyond_o that_o authority_n which_o the_o constitution_n of_o england_n have_v assign_v to_o he_o his_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o obey_v those_o command_n and_o though_o in_o some_o case_n they_o may_v comply_v by_o a_o voluntary_a concession_n yet_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o condemn_v and_o withstand_v such_o proceed_n if_o they_o increase_v so_o far_o as_o to_o threaten_v a_o fatal_a subversion_n of_o the_o government_n but_o how_o can_v we_o defend_v ourselves_o against_o any_o exorbitant_a act_n of_o the_o king_n be_v private_a will_n if_o disarm_v and_o fetter_v by_o the_o doctrine_n of_o passive_a obedience_n and_o nonresistance_n what_o may_v not_o a_o king_n do_v and_o a_o people_n suffer_v if_o no_o defence_n may_v be_v use_v i_o do_v not_o here_o forget_v to_o consider_v what_o submission_n god_n have_v require_v to_o that_o supreme_a authority_n which_o he_o have_v institute_v or_o what_o honour_n and_o reverence_n we_o be_v to_o pay_v to_o those_o governor_n who_o sustain_v and_o administer_v it_o nor_o how_o impatient_a man_n ordinary_o be_v of_o the_o yoke_n of_o government_n and_o how_o apt_a to_o enlarge_v their_o liberty_n into_o licentiousness_n nor_o how_o pernicious_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n must_v needs_o be_v to_o any_o society_n and_o therefore_o i_o use_v the_o utmost_a caution_n i_o can_v to_o steer_v aright_o amid_o the_o rock_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o the_o sand_n on_o the_o other_o that_o i_o may_v not_o make_v shipwreck_n of_o a_o good_a conscience_n i_o therefore_o premise_v and_o sincere_o acknowledge_v as_o i_o have_v learn_v from_o st._n paul_n that_o every_o soul_n must_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o supreme_a authority_n which_o god_n have_v institute_v and_o that_o if_o he_o resist_v he_o be_v worthy_a of_o condemnation_n and_o according_a to_o s._n judas_n that_o we_o must_v not_o despise_v dominion_n or_o speak_v evil_a of_o dignity_n and_o that_o those_o untameable_a spirit_n which_o be_v impatient_a of_o government_n be_v like_o wild_a beast_n make_v to_o be_v destroy_v i_o have_v also_o learn_v from_o s._n peter_n to_o submit_v to_o every_o ordinance_n of_o man_n for_o the_o lord_n sake_n whether_o to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a or_o to_o governor_n send_v by_o he_o so_o as_o not_o to_o disobey_v or_o resist_v they_o in_o the_o use_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v assign_v to_o they_o i_o have_v from_o the_o same_o apostle_n learn_v far_a to_o be_v subject_a with_o all_o fear_n not_o
only_o to_o the_o good_a and_o gentle_a but_o also_o to_o the_o froward_a so_o that_o if_o a_o king_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o his_o government_n shall_v be_v too_o sparnig_v in_o his_o reward_n and_o over_o severe_a in_o his_o justice_n if_o too_o hard_o to_o be_v please_v and_o as_o hard_o to_o be_v propitiate_v i_o must_v be_v content_v if_o he_o injure_v i_o in_o my_o private_a interest_n i_o must_v rather_o submit_v than_o oppose_v a_o private_a to_o a_o public_a good_a or_o if_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n sustain_v any_o detriment_n or_o mischief_n from_o his_o maladministration_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v such_o as_o will_v consist_v with_o the_o be_v of_o the_o government_n and_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n it_o shall_v rather_o be_v bear_v patient_o than_o redress_v by_o a_o violent_a opposition_n i_o acknowledge_v also_o that_o in_o all_o case_n not_o certain_a and_o notorious_a the_o subject_a aught_o to_o presume_v the_o right_a to_o be_v rather_o on_o his_o prince_n side_n than_o on_o his_o own_o and_o never_o to_o think_v any_o oppression_n intolerable_a till_o they_o be_v evident_o such_o or_o to_o call_v for_o a_o violent_a redress_n till_o they_o appear_v otherwise_o irremediable_a i_o must_v acknowledge_v also_o that_o i_o can_v see_v no_o right_a the_o subject_n have_v from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o man_n to_o use_v any_o other_o resistance_n against_o a_o king_n than_o what_o be_v defensive_a or_o to_o proceed_v judicial_o against_o he_o or_o to_o inflict_v any_o punishment_n on_o his_o person_n for_o any_o default_n of_o government_n because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o authority_n in_o our_o kingdom_n superior_a to_o that_o with_o which_o the_o king_n be_v invest_v yet_o after_o all_o these_o concession_n it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o the_o regal_a power_n be_v in_o its_o constitution_n limit_v and_o in_o its_o exercise_n liable_a to_o be_v abuse_v there_o may_v such_o case_n happen_v wherein_o a_o defensive_a resistance_n may_v be_v not_o only_o lawful_a but_o a_o necessary_a duty_n and_o if_o we_o may_v not_o lie_v for_o god_n much_o less_o may_v we_o do_v it_o in_o flattery_n to_o any_o man_n and_o if_o subject_n may_v not_o be_v defraud_v of_o their_o estate_n no_o more_o shall_v they_o be_v of_o their_o liberty_n to_o prevent_v their_o abuse_n of_o they_o wherefore_o to_o speak_v out_o plain_o and_o honest_o in_o a_o case_n wherein_o conscience_n be_v so_o much_o concern_v i_o must_v add_v that_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o yield_v passive_a obedience_n to_o the_o king_n any_o far_a than_o that_o regal_a authority_n extend_v which_o the_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v invest_v he_o with_o and_o that_o those_o constitution_n do_v not_o empower_v he_o to_o treat_v his_o subject_n according_a to_o his_o own_o private_a will_n but_o according_a to_o the_o public_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n and_o by_o consequence_n whatever_o grievance_n be_v without_o or_o contrary_n to_o law_n the_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o bear_v it_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o king_n who_o have_v no_o authority_n to_o impose_v it_o though_o he_o may_v be_v sometime_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o if_o officer_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n to_o oppress_v his_o subject_n contrary_a to_o law_n their_o commission_n be_v illegal_a must_v be_v without_o authority_n and_o therefore_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o submit_v to_o they_o but_o may_v resist_v their_o injust_a assault_n if_o he_o can_v otherwise_o evade_v they_o and_o do_v not_o disturb_v the_o public_a peace_n by_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o private_a interest_n and_o if_o we_o may_v suppose_v a_o case_n so_o sad_a as_o that_o a_o king_n through_o ill_a counsel_n or_o some_o strong_a temptation_n shall_v be_v change_v from_o a_o father_n into_o the_o enemy_n of_o his_o country_n and_o shall_v with_o a_o immovable_a obstinacy_n engage_v himself_o in_o such_o illegal_a design_n as_o plain_o and_o inevitable_o tend_v to_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o government_n and_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n his_o subject_n in_o such_o unhappy_a circumstance_n will_v be_v excusable_a before_o god_n if_o they_o use_v so_o much_o defensive_a resistance_n as_o he_o have_v make_v necessary_a for_o preserve_v the_o government_n and_o themselves_o for_o if_o in_o nature_n a_o people_n be_v presuppose_v to_o government_n and_o ruler_n be_v intend_v by_o god_n for_o the_o welfare_n of_o a_o people_n and_o not_o a_o people_n for_o the_o pleasure_n of_o their_o ruler_n it_o will_v be_v most_o reasonable_a to_o infer_v that_o when_o the_o end_n and_o the_o mean_n become_v inconsistent_a the_o end_n shall_v be_v prefer_v and_o those_o mean_v prevent_v or_o reject_v which_o will_v destroy_v the_o end_n they_o shall_v promote_v but_o these_o thing_n be_v so_o easy_o anticipate_v by_o the_o common_a sense_n and_o reason_n of_o mankind_n that_o there_o need_v no_o long_a discourse_n about_o they_o and_o they_o be_v indeed_o too_o irksome_a to_o a_o ingenuous_a mind_n to_o dwell_v long_o upon_o they_o and_o though_o our_o extraordinary_a case_n at_o present_a have_v make_v it_o necessary_a to_o say_v so_o much_o yet_o i_o hope_v a_o like_a case_n will_v never_o happen_v again_o to_o give_v occasion_n to_o subject_n to_o consider_v so_o minutely_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o regal_a power_n and_o of_o their_o own_o submission_n 2._o have_v now_o rescue_v our_o conscience_n from_o the_o prejudices_fw-la of_o the_o forego_n error_n we_o may_v be_v capable_a of_o make_v a_o impartial_a judgement_n of_o the_o case_n propound_v whether_o we_o can_v with_o a_o good_a conscience_n transfer_v our_o allegiance_n from_o the_o late_a to_o the_o present_a king_n allegiance_n in_o its_o primary_n general_a sense_n signify_v be_v oblige_v or_o bind_v in_o its_o political_a sense_n it_o import_v that_o kind_n of_o relation_n which_o refer_v a_o subject_a to_o his_o prince_n and_o by_o consequence_n it_o connote_v the_o duty_n which_o result_n from_o that_o relation_n and_o take_v the_o word_n in_o its_o full_a latitude_n there_o will_v arise_v these_o two_o difficulty_n to_o be_v distinct_o resolve_v 1._o whether_o our_o conscience_n be_v discharge_v from_o allegiance_n to_o the_o late_a king_n 2._o whether_o we_o can_v with_o a_o good_a conscience_n transfer_v our_o allegiance_n to_o the_o present_a king_n though_o not_o the_o immediate_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n 1._o in_o resolve_v the_o former_a enquiry_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o premise_v that_o our_o allegiance_n to_o james_n the_o second_o be_v not_o to_o his_o person_n absolute_o but_o respectlive_o as_o he_o sustain_v the_o character_n of_o king_n and_o therefore_o as_o we_o owe_v no_o allegiance_n to_o he_o before_o he_o be_v king_n so_o neither_o can_v we_o owe_v he_o any_o now_o if_o he_o cease_v to_o be_v so_o and_o i_o think_v it_o too_o plain_a to_o need_v any_o proof_n that_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o a_o person_n may_v cease_v to_o be_v king_n though_o he_o still_o survive_v and_o that_o a_o relation_n cease_v when_o one_o of_o its_o term_n be_v lose_v if_o therefore_o it_o appear_v that_o james_n the_o second_o do_v cease_v to_o be_v our_o king_n though_o he_o be_v still_o alive_a our_o allegiance_n to_o he_o will_v be_v sufficient_o discharge_v and_o that_o he_o do_v cease_v to_o be_v our_o king_n may_v i_o suppose_v be_v evince_v from_o the_o follow_a consideration_n 1._o if_o james_n the_o second_o do_v with_o a_o immovable_a obstinacy_n engage_v himself_o in_o such_o illegal_a and_o pernicious_a design_n as_o be_v notorious_o subversive_a of_o the_o government_n and_o destructive_a of_o the_o people_n he_o do_v thereby_o cease_v the_o jure_v to_o be_v our_o king_n and_o our_o allegiance_n to_o he_o be_v by_o consequence_n discharge_v the_o title_n of_o king_n include_v both_o a_o office_n to_o be_v discharge_v and_o a_o estate_n to_o be_v enjoy_v but_o the_o latter_a be_v a_o appendant_a to_o the_o former_a when_o therefore_o he_o cease_v to_o govern_v and_o protect_v his_o people_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n his_o right_n must_v so_o far_o cease_v to_o that_o power_n dignity_n or_o revenue_n which_o be_v assign_v to_o he_o for_o that_o end_n except_o we_o can_v imagine_v some_o thing_n to_o have_v a_o moral_a power_n of_o subsist_v when_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o be_v go_v and_o as_o the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o public_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n so_o the_o right_n which_o any_o person_n can_v have_v to_o the_o regal_a estate_n must_v be_v found_v on_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o these_o constitution_n must_v either_o invest_v he_o with_o a_o absolute_a right_a irrespective_n to_o his_o office_n and_o then_o
ultimate_o resolve_v they_o allow_v to_o a_o english_a parliament_n no_o more_o power_n than_o to_o give_v some_o inauthoritative_a advice_n which_o the_o king_n may_v use_v or_o neglect_v as_o he_o think_v fit_a they_o think_v a_o coronation_n oath_n whatever_o it_o may_v be_v with_o respect_n to_o god_n yet_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o people_n be_v only_o a_o customary_a ceremony_n or_o insignificant_a formality_n they_o suppose_v all_o legal_a limitation_n of_o the_o government_n to_o be_v but_o the_o king_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o temporary_a condescension_n which_o he_o may_v retract_v without_o do_v any_o injury_n to_o the_o people_n and_o in_o a_o word_n that_o all_o our_o law_n be_v entire_o dependent_a on_o his_o pleasure_n for_o their_o be_v continuance_n and_o influence_n but_o his_o will_n be_v in_o all_o case_n unaccountable_a and_o irresistible_a such_o maxim_n as_o these_o quite_o alter_v the_o frame_n of_o our_o english_a government_n raise_v up_o our_o king_n into_o a_o tyrant_n and_o depress_v his_o subject_n into_o slave_n and_o serve_v only_a to_o render_v the_o king_n odious_a and_o his_o people_n miserable_a and_o therefore_o as_o no_o wise_a man_n can_v forbear_v wish_v that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v true_a so_o upon_o enquiry_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o they_o have_v be_v advance_v either_o by_o the_o fondness_n of_o some_o who_o frame_v scheme_n of_o government_n in_o their_o own_o imagination_n or_o by_o the_o ignorance_n of_o other_o who_o be_v deceive_v with_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o aequivocal_a name_n of_o king_n or_o by_o the_o craft_n of_o those_o who_o make_v a_o trade_n of_o advance_v the_o prerogative_n in_o order_n to_o their_o own_o advancement_n indeed_o if_o the_o precede_a principle_n have_v prove_v true_a that_o monarchy_n be_v a_o divine_a institution_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o grant_v that_o no_o other_o form_n of_o government_n can_v be_v mix_v with_o it_o or_o that_o be_v restrain_v by_o any_o limitation_n because_o it_o can_v be_v lawful_a for_o man_n to_o adulterate_a or_o infringe_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n but_o see_v the_o jus_fw-la divinum_fw-la do_v not_o appear_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o suppose_v that_o our_o english_a government_n be_v build_v on_o the_o topical_a constitution_n of_o this_o country_n and_o may_v differ_v from_o the_o government_n of_o other_o country_n as_o much_o as_o our_o temper_n interest_n and_o circumstance_n do_v for_o if_o the_o supreme_a governor_n of_o the_o world_n have_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o prescribe_v one_o form_n of_o government_n to_o be_v everywhere_o observe_v he_o have_v permit_v to_o every_o nation_n a_o liberty_n of_o frame_v to_o themselves_o such_o a_o constitution_n as_o may_v be_v most_o useful_a and_o agreeable_a and_o as_o it_o be_v inconceivable_a that_o all_o nation_n shall_v conspire_v in_o the_o same_o platform_n of_o government_n so_o it_o be_v most_o unreasonable_a to_o seek_v in_o judea_n italy_n or_o france_n for_o the_o measure_n or_o property_n of_o the_o english_a government_n which_o be_v make_v and_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v find_v only_o at_o home_n and_o shall_v be_v describe_v rather_o from_o its_o own_o law_n and_o constitution_n than_o any_o fine_a notion_n we_o can_v conceive_v of_o what_o it_o may_v or_o shall_v be_v and_o if_o we_o contemplate_v the_o government_n itself_o we_o may_v easy_o discover_v what_o its_o essential_a form_n and_o property_n be_v for_o sure_o a_o government_n that_o have_v be_v public_o transact_v through_o so_o many_o age_n and_o have_v make_v so_o great_a a_o figure_n in_o the_o world_n can_v remain_v a_o imperceptible_a secret_n or_o a_o unintelligible_a mystery_n and_o i_o can_v forbear_v suspect_v those_o who_o disguise_v it_o with_o so_o many_o uncertainty_n and_o obscurity_n that_o they_o design_v to_o mislead_v we_o into_o a_o mistake_n of_o that_o which_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v we_o to_o understand_v a_o little_a skill_n in_o our_o english_a history_n will_v suffice_v to_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o saxon_n and_o english_a from_o who_o this_o nation_n be_v chief_o descend_v do_v first_o introduce_v the_o form_n of_o our_o english_a government_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o they_o have_v be_v inure_v to_o in_o germany_n where_o as_o tacitus_n observe_v regibus_fw-la nec_fw-la infinita_fw-la aut_fw-la libera_fw-la potestas_fw-la king_n have_v not_o a_o absolute_a or_o unlimited_a power_n 5._o tacit._n the_o morib_n germ._n sect._n 3_o &_o 5._o and_o from_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o those_o early_a time_n we_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n in_o a_o convention_n or_o parliament_n do_v always_o concur_v to_o the_o make_n of_o law_n and_o also_o their_o consent_n in_o a_o jury_n of_o peer_n be_v always_o admit_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o whence_o the_o people_n of_o england_n have_v be_v always_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v freeman_n and_o though_o we_o read_v that_o the_o saxon_n be_v subdue_v by_o the_o dane_n yet_o we_o find_v not_o that_o their_o government_n be_v change_v but_o that_o after_o a_o short_a interruption_n the_o government_n and_o country_n return_v entire_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o we_o call_v the_o conqueror_n be_v such_o only_a with_o respect_n to_o harold_n who_o usurp_v the_o crown_n but_o not_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o claim_v as_o successor_n to_o king_n edward_n to_o who_o he_o be_v relate_v by_o who_o he_o be_v adopt_v and_o from_o who_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o solemn_a promise_n of_o the_o next_o reversion_n and_o according_o we_o find_v that_o though_o be_v make_v some_o external_a change_n in_o the_o government_n yet_o he_o make_v no_o essential_a alteration_n in_o the_o form_n of_o it_o and_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o government_n have_v be_v transmit_v by_o succeed_a king_n to_o the_o present_a age_n with_o some_o accidental_a improvement_n as_o our_o ancestor_n grow_v wise_a by_o experience_n or_o the_o necessity_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o nation_n do_v require_v now_o inasmuch_o as_o our_o english_a government_n be_v at_o first_o transplant_v out_o of_o another_o country_n and_o have_v be_v ripen_v into_o a_o perfection_n by_o several_a degree_n through_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n it_o will_v be_v very_o fanciful_a to_o suppose_v one_o solemn_a time_n when_o the_o original_a compact_n between_o the_o king_n and_o people_n be_v first_o make_v or_o to_o ask_v after_o a_o book_n in_o which_o it_o be_v in_o a_o certain_a form_n record_v that_o compact_a be_v nothing_o else_o than_o a_o tacit_n agreement_n between_o the_o king_n and_o subject_n to_o observe_v such_o common_a usage_n and_o practice_n as_o by_o a_o immemorial_n prescription_n be_v become_v the_o common-law_n of_o our_o government_n and_o to_o understand_v these_o so_o far_o as_o our_o present_a case_n require_v there_o it_o no_o necessity_n that_o shall_v read_v over_o all_o the_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n or_o all_o the_o volume_n of_o our_o english_a history_n there_o be_v several_a ancient_a form_n and_o custom_n among_o we_o which_o fall_v under_o easy_a observation_n that_o be_v sufficient_a to_o inform_v we_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o english_a government_n for_o when_o at_o a_o coronation_n we_o see_v a_o king_n present_v to_o the_o people_n and_o their_o consent_n solemn_o ask_v and_o give_v what_o can_v we_o reasonable_o inser_n from_o thence_o but_o that_o ancient_o king_n be_v advance_v to_o their_o throne_n by_o the_o consent_n and_o agreement_n of_o the_o people_n when_o we_o hear_v the_o king_n solemn_o promise_v and_o swear_v to_o maintain_v to_o the_o people_n their_o right_n and_o liberty_n to_o conserve_v the_o law_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v must_v we_o not_o conclude_v from_o thence_o that_o there_o be_v right_n and_o liberties_n reserve_v to_o the_o people_n that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o king_n be_v limit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o that_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o oath_n to_o conserve_v the_o law_n as_o we_o be_v by_o we_o to_o observe_v they_o when_o we_o be_v teach_v to_o call_v the_o king_n our_o leige-sovereign_n and_o ourselves_o his_o leige-subject_n do_v not_o those_o term_n import_v that_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o protect_v we_o in_o all_o our_o right_n as_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v he_o in_o all_o his_o law_n when_o we_o read_v in_o the_o preamble_n of_o every_o statute_n that_o it_o be_v enact_v not_o only_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n be_v most_o excellent_a majesty_n but_o also_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o of_o the_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliamen_n be_v it_o not_o very_o evident_a from_o hence_o that_o the_o parliament_n have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o legislative_a power_n which_o be_v a_o eminent_a branch_n
he_o will_v be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n which_o be_v before_o disprove_v or_o else_o it_o must_v be_v a_o conditional_a right_n respect_v the_o office_n he_o be_v to_o discharge_v and_o then_o the_o right_n in_o equity_n must_v cease_v upon_o the_o non-performance_n of_o the_o condition_n suppose_v also_o that_o a_o person_n be_v right_a to_o the_o re_fw-mi all_o estate_n be_v found_v on_o the_o civil_a constitution_n of_o our_o government_n if_o he_o will_v set_v himself_o to_o subvert_v those_o constitution_n he_o can_v thereby_o but_o vndermine_n and_o destroy_v his_o own_o right_n which_o be_v superstruct_v on_o they_o and_o if_o he_o obstinate_o refuse_v to_o discharge_v the_o regal_a office_n according_a to_o the_o proper_a fix_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n though_o he_o still_o usurp_v the_o title_n of_o king_n yet_o he_o be_v become_v quite_o another_o thing_n such_o as_o our_o english_a constitution_n assign_v no_o authority_n to_o and_o to_o which_o we_o be_v not_o suppose_v to_o owe_v any_o allegiance_n and_o which_o we_o can_v recognize_v without_o become_v accessary_n to_o the_o most_o illegal_a practice_n and_o derive_v on_o ourselves_o the_o heinous_a guilt_n of_o contribute_v to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o government_n and_o ourselves_o and_o as_o such_o a_o determination_n of_o the_o case_n be_v most_o consonant_a to_o reason_n so_o it_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o ancient_a principle_n and_o practice_n of_o england_n by_o a_o law_n make_v in_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n it_o be_v declare_v 142._o quod_fw-la nisi_fw-la fecerit_fw-la nec_fw-la nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la constabit_fw-la lamb._n de_fw-fr priscis_fw-la atglorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la p._n 142._o that_o if_o a_o king_n do_v not_o perform_v his_o office_n he_o shall_v not_o retain_v so_o much_o as_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king._n we_o read_v also_o that_o etc._n that_o in_o principio_fw-la secundi_fw-la anni_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la cum_fw-la incorrigibil_n s_o superbiâ—e_n &_o â—â—quitiae_fw-la esset_fw-la congregati_fw-la sunt_fw-la proceres_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o eun_fw-mi proâ—ida_fw-mi deliberatione_n à _fw-la regno_fw-la unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la omnium_fw-la expellebant_fw-la collect._n p._n 769._o etc._n etc._n sigebert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a be_v incorrigible_o proud_a and_o wicked_a he_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o the_o noble_n and_o the_o people_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n assemble_v together_o upon_o mature_a deliâ—eration_n and_o by_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o they_o all_o driven_z out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n thus_o also_o king_n john_n have_v break_v his_o coronation-oath_n and_o endeavour_v by_o many_o way_n to_o enslave_v both_o the_o church_n and_o the_o realm_n after_o many_o application_n and_o a_o defensive_a war_n wage_v by_o the_o baron_n against_o he_o it_o be_v at_o last_o agree_v that_o if_o he_o do_v again_o return_v to_o his_o former_a wicked_a course_n thorn._n inter_fw-la cetera_fw-la de_fw-la ejus_fw-la expresso_fw-la consensu_fw-la ita_fw-la convenit_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la idem_fw-la johannes_n ad_fw-la flagitia_fw-la prima_fw-la rediret_fw-la ipsi_fw-la barones_n ab_fw-la ejus_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la recederent_fw-la nunquam_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la postmodum_fw-la reversuri_fw-la cum_fw-la autem_fw-la ille_fw-la fecit_fw-la novissima_fw-la sva_fw-la pejora_fw-la prioribus_fw-la illi_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la regni_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o approbation_n ipsum_fw-la regno_fw-la indignum_fw-la judicarunt_fw-la collect._n 1868._o etc._n etc._n chron._n w._n thorn._n the_o baron_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o release_v from_o all_o allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o when_o he_o afterward_o relapse_v into_o the_o same_o course_n they_o in_o a_o general_a assembly_n with_o the_o approbation_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n adjudge_v he_o unworthy_a to_o be_v king._n we_o find_v also_o that_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o for_o follow_v evil_a counsel_n and_o refuse_v to_o hearken_v to_o good_a counsel_n for_o his_o pride_n arrogance_n for_o break_v his_o coronation_n oath_n 2765._o de_fw-fr consilio_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la omnium_fw-la praeâ—â—torum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la comnunitatis_fw-la regui_fw-la amotus_fw-la est_fw-la à _fw-la recimiâ—e_fw-la regni_fw-la apolog._n adami_n de_fw-fr orleton_n collect._n p._n 2765._o for_o waste_v his_o kingdom_n and_o be_v find_v incorrigible_a and_o past_a all_o hope_n of_o amendment_n be_v by_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o all_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n depose_v from_o the_o government_n 2681._o habent_fw-la â—r_n antiquo_fw-la statuto_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la non_fw-la long_o retroaciis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la experienter_fw-la quod_fw-la dolendum_fw-la est_fw-la habito_fw-la si_fw-la rex_fw-la ex_fw-la maligno_fw-la consilio_fw-la quocunquae_fw-la vel_fw-la inepta_fw-la contamacia_n aut_fw-la contemptu_fw-la seu_fw-la proterva_fw-la voluntate_fw-la singulari_fw-la aut_fw-la quovismodo_fw-la irregulari_fw-la fe_o alienaverit_fw-la à _fw-la à _fw-la populo_fw-la svo_fw-la nec_fw-la voluerit_fw-la per_fw-la jura_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o statuta_fw-la ac_fw-la landabiles_fw-la ordinationes_fw-la cum_fw-la salubri_fw-la consilio_fw-la dominorum_fw-la &_o procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la gubernari_fw-la &_o regulari_fw-la sed_fw-la capitose_n in_o suis_fw-la insanis_fw-la consiliis_fw-la propriam_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la svam_fw-la singularem_fw-la proterve_fw-la exercere_fw-la extunc_fw-la licitum_fw-la est_fw-la iis_fw-la cum_fw-la communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la &_o consensu_fw-la populi_n regni_fw-la ipsum_fw-la regem_fw-la de_fw-fr â—egali_a solio_fw-la abrogare_fw-la &_o propinquiorum_fw-la aliquem_fw-la de_fw-la stirpe_fw-la regius_fw-la loco_fw-la ejus_fw-la in_o regni_fw-la solio_fw-la sablimare_fw-la h._n knighton_n collect._n 2681._o i_o shall_v add_v only_o one_o instance_n more_o of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o to_o who_o his_o parliament_n send_v messenger_n to_o declare_v to_o he_o among_o other_o thing_n that_o they_o find_v in_o a_o ancient_a statute_n and_o it_o have_v be_v do_v in_o fact_n not_o long_o ago_o that_o if_o the_o king_n through_o any_o evil_a counsel_n or_o foolish_a contumacy_n or_o out_o of_o scorn_n of_o some_o petulant_a wilfulness_n or_o any_o other_o irregular_a way_n shall_v alienate_v himself_o from_o his_o people_n and_o shall_v refuse_v to_o be_v govern_v and_o guide_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o statute_n and_o laudable_a ordinance_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o wholesome_a advice_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o great_a man_n of_o his_o realm_n but_o persist_v headstrong_a in_o his_o own_o mad_a counsel_n shall_v petulant_o prosecute_v his_o own_o private_a humour_n that_o then_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o they_o with_o the_o common_a assent_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o depose_v that_o same_o king_n from_o his_o regal_a throne_n and_o to_o set_v up_o some_o other_o of_o royal_a family_n in_o his_o place_n state_v the_o present_a case_n state_v these_o testimony_n which_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o late_a pamphlet_n and_o which_o i_o be_o assure_v from_o a_o able_a hand_n to_o be_v faithful_o recite_v and_o of_o a_o unsuspected_a credit_n i_o have_v abridge_v and_o transcribe_v to_o confirm_v that_o truth_n on_o which_o the_o argument_n be_v build_v that_o according_a to_o our_o english_a constitution_n a_o person_n may_v forfeit_v his_o regal_a right_n and_o cease_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la to_o be_v king_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a statute_n and_o irreprovable_a usage_n of_o this_o country_n the_o nobles_z and_o commons_o of_o england_n may_v remove_v such_o a_o person_n from_o the_o government_n when_o necessary_a to_o prevent_v a_o general_a ruin_n otherwise_o inevitable_a now_o that_o the_o late_a king_n have_v bring_v matter_n to_o so_o great_a a_o extremity_n as_o be_v in_o the_o argument_n suppose_v be_v evident_a from_o many_o instance_n so_o recent_a and_o notorious_a that_o it_o be_v late_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o of_o we_o in_o the_o loud_a complaint_n we_o see_v he_o attempt_v to_o subvert_v our_o parliament_n by_o cortupt_v their_o election_n with_o the_o mean_a art_n and_o use_v his_o power_n to_o pervert_v or_o frustrate_v their_o counsel_n we_o hear_v those_o high_a strain_n in_o which_o he_o claim_v a_o absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a power_n our_o law_n be_v trample_v on_o in_o illegal_a dispensation_n and_o the_o most_o partial_a execution_n some_o be_v disseise_v of_o their_o freehold_n without_o a_o trial_n and_o levy_n of_o money_n be_v make_v without_o and_o against_o law_n our_o religion_n and_o church_n which_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o those_o interest_n which_o be_v secure_v to_o we_o by_o a_o legal_a establishment_n be_v so_o bold_o 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