lay_v a_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o do_v cause_v the_o officer_n of_o his_o custom_n to_o take_v and_o levy_v the_o same_o it_o seem_v sit_v they_o they_o take_v away_o the_o good_n of_o the_o subject_a without_o his_o consent_n and_o without_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n which_o be_v not_o warrant_v either_o by_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o bring_v in_o property_n nor_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o do_v maintain_v property_n chap._n xxiii_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o first_o objection_n to_o this_o objection_n object_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o take_v the_o land_n or_o good_n of_o any_o without_o his_o consent_n but_o here_o we_o must_v distinguish_v there_o be_v a_o particular_a and_o express_a consent_n and_o there_o be_v a_o implicit_a and_o general_a consent_n when_o a_o man_n do_v give_v his_o good_n or_o surrender_v his_o land_n to_o the_o king_n by_o deed_n enroll_v or_o when_o in_o parliament_n which_o represent_v the_o body_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o wherein_o everyman_n do_v give_v his_o consent_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o deputy_n a_o subsidy_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o king_n there_o be_v a_o express_a consent_n but_o when_o subject_n who_o live_v under_o a_o royal_a monarchy_n do_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o obedience_n of_o that_o law_n of_o that_o monarchy_n whatsoever_o the_o law_n do_v give_v to_o that_o monarch_n the_o subject_n who_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n in_o other_o thing_n and_o do_v live_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n do_v agree_v to_o that_o which_o the_o law_n give_v by_o a_o implicit_a and_o general_a consent_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v many_o case_n where_o the_o king_n do_v lawful_o take_v the_o good_n of_o a_o subject_a without_o his_o particular_a and_o express_a consent_n though_o the_o same_o be_v not_o forfeit_v for_o any_o crime_n or_o contempt_n of_o the_o owner_n if_o a_o thief_n do_v steal_v my_o good_n and_o waive_v they_o the_o king_n may_v lawful_o take_v those_o good_n without_o my_o particular_a consent_n and_o without_o any_o fault_n or_o forfeiture_n of_o i_o but_o in_o regard_n i_o live_v under_o the_o law_n which_o give_v such_o waive_n unto_o the_o king_n he_o take_v not_o the_o same_o without_o my_o implicit_a consent_n so_o if_o my_o horse_n kill_v a_o man_n the_o king_n may_v lawful_o take_v my_o horse_n a_o deodand_n without_o my_o fault_n or_o consent_n in_o particular_a but_o in_o that_o i_o have_v consent_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n which_o give_v all_o deodand_n to_o the_o king_n he_o take_v not_o my_o horse_n without_o the_o implicit_a or_o general_a consent_n of_o i_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n the_o king_n do_v take_v my_o house_n to_o build_v a_o fort_n or_o do_v build_v a_o bulwark_n upon_o my_o land_n he_o do_v i_o no_o wrong_n though_o he_o do_v it_o without_o my_o consent_n for_o my_o implicit_a consent_n do_v concur_v with_o it_o for_o that_o i_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o common-weal_n can_v but_o consent_n to_o all_o act_n of_o necessity_n tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o if_o the_o king_n do_v grant_v i_o a_o fair_a or_o market_n with_o a_o power_n to_o take_v a_o reasonable_a toll_n if_o a_o man_n will_v buy_v any_o thing_n in_o my_o fair_a or_o market_n i_o may_v take_v toll_n of_o he_o though_o i_o give_v no_o particular_a consent_n to_o the_o grant_n because_o the_o law_n whereunto_o every_o subject_n do_v give_v consent_n and_o obedience_n do_v warrant_v the_o take_n of_o toll_n in_o every_o market_n and_o fair_a grant_v by_o the_o king_n so_o it_o be_v in_o case_n of_o imposition_n the_o law_n do_v warrant_v the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o impose_v upon_o merchandize_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v and_o therefore_o though_o the_o merchant_n give_v not_o their_o particular_a consent_n to_o the_o lay_n of_o these_o imposition_n yet_o in_o regard_n they_o live_v under_o the_o protection_n and_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n which_o submit_v itself_o to_o this_o prerogative_n and_o allow_v and_o approve_v the_o same_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n do_v take_v these_o imposition_n of_o they_o without_o their_o implicit_a and_o general_a consent_n chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o second_o objection_n touch_v the_o uncertainty_n and_o unbounded_a largeness_n of_o this_o prerogative_n the_o second_o objection_n 2_o be_v against_o the_o uncertainty_n and_o unlimited_a largeness_n of_o this_o prerogative_n for_o in_o other_o case_n they_o say_v where_o the_o king_n take_v the_o good_n of_o a_o subject_a by_o his_o prerogative_n there_o be_v a_o certainty_n what_o he_o may_v take_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o way_n we_o he_o may_v take_v only_o the_o good_n waive_v and_o no_o more_o in_o case_n of_o deodand_n he_o may_v take_v only_o the_o thing_n that_o cause_v the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n and_o no_o more_o in_o case_n of_o wreck_n he_o may_v take_v only_o the_o good_n that_o be_v wreck_v and_o no_o more_o in_o case_n of_o wardship_n of_o land_n hold_v in_fw-la capite_fw-la the_o king_n may_v take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n till_o the_o heir_n sue_v his_o livery_n and_o no_o long_o in_o case_n where_o the_o king_n have_v annum_fw-la diem_fw-la et_fw-la vastum_fw-la he_o may_v retain_v of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o felon_n attaint_v which_o be_v hold_v of_o other_o lord_n for_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o no_o long_o in_o all_o these_o case_n there_o be_v a_o certainty_n what_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v and_o how_o long_o he_o shall_v have_v it_o but_o in_o case_n of_o imposition_n the_o quantity_n or_o rate_n thereof_o high_a or_o low_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o king_n own_o will_n or_o pleasure_n so_o as_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v mislead_v as_o many_o prince_n have_v be_v with_o evil_a counsel_n he_o may_v with_o his_o prerogative_n do_v hurt_v the_o commonwealth_n by_o lay_v too_o heavy_a burden_n upon_o his_o subject_n for_o though_o hitherto_o his_o majesty_n have_v impose_v upon_o merchandize_n only_o twelve_o penny_n on_o the_o pound_n over_o and_o above_o the_o ancient_a custom_n and_o the_o subsidy_n grant_v by_o parliament_n yet_o this_o prerogative_n be_v unlimited_a he_o may_v hereafter_o say_v they_o set_v five_o shilling_n or_o ten_o shilling_n upon_o the_o pound_n if_o it_o please_v he_o and_o so_o undo_v the_o merchant_n or_o discontinue_v and_o overthrow_v all_o trade_n and_o commerce_n chap._n xxv_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o second_o objection_n to_o this_o objection_n object_n the_o fit_a answer_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o undutiful_a objection_n and_o withal_o too_o busy_a too_o bold_a and_o too_o presumptuous_a for_o it_o be_v a_o objection_n against_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o king_n in_o point_n of_o government_n and_o against_o the_o bounty_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o king_n towards_o his_o people_n the_o text_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n cite_v before_o do_v call_v it_o a_o kind_n of_o sacrilege_n to_o dispute_v of_o prince_n judgement_n or_o action_n and_o for_o the_o law_n of_o england_n sure_o i_o be_o that_o it_o trust_v the_o wisdom_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n alone_o in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n than_o in_o lay_v of_o imposition_n or_o set_v of_o rate_n upon_o merchandize_n be_v not_o the_o king_n wisdom_n only_o trust_v with_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n with_o foreign_a nation_n whereby_o he_o may_v when_o he_o please_v interrupt_v all_o trade_n of_o merchandize_v be_v not_o the_o king_n alone_o trust_v with_o the_o like_a power_n of_o make_v and_o decry_v of_o money_n which_o be_v the_o only_a medium_fw-la of_o all_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n be_v not_o he_o sole_o and_o without_o limitation_n trust_v with_o the_o nomination_n and_o creation_n of_o all_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n who_o be_v to_o give_v judgement_n in_o case_n concerning_o the_o liberty_n land_n and_o life_n of_o all_o his_o subject_n have_v not_o he_o a_o sole_a and_o unlimited_a power_n to_o pardon_v all_o malefactor_n to_o dispense_v with_o all_o penal_a law_n to_o distribute_v all_o honour_n to_o grant_v to_o who_o he_o please_v protection_n denization_n exemption_n not_o only_o from_o jury_n but_o from_o all_o other_o service_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o yet_o these_o prerogative_n if_o the_o same_o be_v not_o use_v with_o judgement_n and_o moderation_n may_v prove_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o well_o as_o the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n shall_v therefore_o any_o undutiful_a subject_n make_v these_o conclusion_n the_o king_n may_v have_v a_o continual_a war_n with_o foreign_a state_n and_o prince_n and_o so_o continual_o corrupt_v all_o course_n of_o merchandize_n ergo_o he_o shall_v lose_v his_o
et_fw-la invectis_fw-la be_v the_o most_o ancient_a duty_n payable_a to_o the_o king_n so_o be_v the_o same_o ground_v say_v bodin_n upon_o the_o great_a reason_n and_o equity_n in_o the_o world_n quid_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la rationi_fw-la et_fw-la aequitati_fw-la magis_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la quà m_fw-la et_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la in_fw-la nostro_fw-la territorio_fw-la et_fw-la ex_fw-la nostris_fw-la questum_fw-la facit_fw-la principi_fw-la nostro_fw-la cujus_fw-la permissu_fw-la et_fw-la sub_fw-la cujus_fw-la protectione_fw-la negotiatur_fw-la aliquod_fw-la perdat_fw-la et_fw-la presolvat_fw-la and_o this_o common_a reason_n and_o equity_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o these_o duty_n payable_a for_o merchandize_n what_o be_v it_o else_o but_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o which_o common_a reason_n have_v establish_v among_o all_o man_n for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o man_n and_o which_o all_o nation_n have_v receive_v and_o embrace_v for_o their_o mutual_a benefit_n and_o commodity_n neither_o be_v this_o the_o only_a prerogative_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n habet_fw-la et_fw-la rex_fw-la in_fw-la regno_fw-la suo_fw-la say_v bracton_n bracton_n alia_fw-la privilegia_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la propria_fw-la viz._n soreceum_fw-la maris_fw-la thesaurum_fw-la insentum_fw-la grossos_fw-la pisces_fw-la and_o balenas_fw-la et_fw-la sturgiones_fw-la wavias_n etc._n etc._n huiusmodi_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentiune_n pertinent_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la say_v stampford_n prerogativa_fw-la regis_fw-la fol._n 37._o 6._o add_v hereunto_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o the_o king_n to_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n league_n and_o truce_n to_o grant_v safe_a conduct_n to_o pardon_v all_o offender_n to_o distribute_v all_o degree_n of_o honour_n and_o the_o like_a wherein_o the_o king_n have_v sole_a and_o absolute_a power_n merune_v imperium_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la mixtum_fw-la and_o which_o prerogative_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o crown_n and_o incident_a to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n 37.6_o last_o for_o the_o proof_n that_o our_o common_a law_n do_v acknowledge_v and_o prove_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n in_o most_o of_o these_o case_n the_o book_n 19_o edw._n 4._o 6._o 4.6_o do_v approve_v the_o king_n absolute_a power_n in_o make_v war_n peace_n and_o league_n and_o in_o 37_o edw._n 6._o 20._o 6.20_o that_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n whereby_o the_o high_a constable_n and_o marshal_n of_o england_n do_v proceed_v in_o their_o court_n of_o war_n and_o chivalry_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n we_o find_v also_o the_o king_n sole_a power_n in_o 11_o hen._n 4._o 4_o rot._n parliament_n in_fw-la archivis_fw-la turris_fw-la london_n for_o coin_v of_o money_n we_o have_v the_o case_n of_o mine_n com._n 316._o 316_o for_o safe_a conduct_n of_o merchant_n and_o stop_v of_o trade_n tempore_fw-la guerrae_fw-la and_o letter_n of_o reprisal_n we_o have_v 7_o edw._n 4.19.2_o r._n 3.2_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o cap.30_n and_o the_o register_n wherein_o we_o find_v writ_n of_o reprisal_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o law_n merchant_n which_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o how_o it_o differ_v from_o our_o common_a law_n and_o how_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o our_o law_n merchandize_n do_v differ_v from_o other_o good_n and_o chattel_n which_o do_v not_o cross_v the_o sea_n and_o how_o the_o common_a law_n and_o statute_n law_n of_o england_n do_v admit_v and_o allow_v of_o the_o law_n merchant_n mercaturavel_v societas_fw-la mercatorum_fw-la est_fw-la magna_fw-la respublica_fw-la say_v ulpian_n ulpian_n and_o therefore_o that_o commonwealth_n of_o merchant_n have_v always_o have_v a_o peculiar_a and_o proper_a law_n to_o rule_v and_o govern_v it_o this_o law_n be_v call_v the_o law_n merchant_n whereof_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n do_v take_v special_a knowledge_n first_o both_o the_o common_a law_n and_o statute_n law_n of_o england_n do_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o law_n merchant_n and_o do_v leave_v the_o cause_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_n to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o law_n for_o what_o say_v the_o book_n of_o 13_o edw._n 4.9_o 10_o 4.9,10_o a_o merchant_n stranger_n make_v suit_n before_o the_o king_n privy_a council_n for_o certain_a bail_n of_o silk_n felonious_o take_v from_o he_o and_o it_o be_v move_v that_o this_o matter_n may_v be_v determine_v by_o common_a law_n unto_o which_o motion_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n do_v there_o answer_n this_o suit_n be_v bring_v by_o a_o merchant_n who_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o sue_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n nor_o to_o tarry_v the_o trial_n of_o twelve_o man_n nor_o other_o solemnity_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n albeit_o the_o king_n have_v jurisdiction_n of_o he_o within_o the_o realm_n and_o may_v cause_v he_o to_o stand_v to_o his_o judgement_n yet_o this_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o some_o call_v the_o law_n merchant_n which_o be_v a_o law_n universal_a throughout_o the_o word_n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o that_o book_n and_o it_o be_v there_o resolve_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n that_o if_o the_o merchandize_n of_o such_o a_o merchant_n stranger_n be_v steal_v and_o wave_v by_o the_o felon_n the_o king_n himself_o shall_v not_o take_v those_o merchandize_n as_o waif_n though_o in_o that_o case_n the_o good_n of_o another_o person_n be_v lose_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n do_v not_o this_o case_n make_v it_o manifest_a that_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o our_o common_a law_n merchandize_n that_o cross_v the_o sea_n be_v good_n of_o another_o nature_n quality_n and_o consideration_n than_o other_o good_n and_o chattel_n which_o be_v possess_v within_o the_o realm_n and_o do_v not_o cross_v the_o sea_n this_o learning_n be_v not_o common_a in_o our_o book_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v it_o meet_v to_o exemplify_v this_o difference_n with_o more_o case_n in_o this_o point_n if_o two_o merchant_n be_v joint-owner_n or_o partner_n in_o merchandize_n which_o they_o have_v acquire_v by_o a_o joint-contract_n in_o this_o case_n the_o one_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o account_n against_o the_o other_o die_fw-la legem_fw-la mercatoriam_fw-la say_v the_o register_n fol._n 135._o and_o f._n n._n 117._o d._n d._n and_o yet_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n if_o two_o man_n be_v joint_o possess_v of_o other_o good_n which_o be_v not_o merchandize_n the_o one_o shall_v not_o call_v the_o other_o to_o account_n for_o the_o same_o again_o if_o two_o merchant_n have_v a_o joint_a interest_n in_o merchandize_n if_o the_o own_o die_v the_o survivor_n shall_v not_o have_v all_o but_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o party_n decease_a shall_v by_o the_o law_n merchant_n call_v the_o survivor_n to_o a_o account_n for_o the_o moiety_n f.n._n 117._o d._n d._n whereas_o if_o there_o be_v two_o joint_n of_o other_o good_n which_o be_v not_o merchandize_n the_o survivor_n shall_v have_v all_o per_fw-la jus_fw-la accrescendi_fw-la even_o by_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n again_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o simple_a contract_n which_o be_v without_o deed_n in_o writing_n the_o defendant_n by_o the_o common_a law_n may_v wage_v his_o law_n that_o be_v he_o may_v bar_v the_o plaintiff_n of_o his_o action_n by_o take_v a_o oath_n that_o he_o do_v not_o owe_v the_o debt_n nor_o any_o part_n thereof_o and_o yet_o in_o itin._n derby_n 2_o edw._n 3._o 3_o john_n crompton_n merchant_n upon_o a_o contract_n without_o deed_n the_o defendant_n will_v have_v wage_v his_o law_n but_o be_v not_o permit_v so_o to_o do_v and_o so_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o the_o say_a defendant_n again_o the_o good_n of_o ecclesiastical_a person_n be_v discharge_v of_o toll_n by_o the_o common_a law_n si_fw-la non_fw-la exerceat_fw-la marchandizas_n de_fw-la eisdem_fw-la say_v the_o register_n 259._o a._o a._n for_o than_o their_o good_n be_v charge_v be_v now_o become_v good_n of_o another_o nature_n when_o the_o same_o be_v turn_v into_o merchandize_n so_o be_v the_o good_n of_o the_o french_a nobility_n discharge_v by_o gabelle_n and_o imposition_n if_o they_o traffic_v not_o but_o if_o they_o traffic_v say_v bodin_n bodin_n their_o good_n be_v charge_v like_o other_o merchandize_n again_o for_o good_n wrongful_o take_v within_o the_o land_n the_o common_a law_n give_v remedy_n against_o the_o trespasser_n or_o the_o wrongful_a taker_n only_o but_o if_o a_o english_a merchant_n be_v spoil_v of_o his_o merchandize_n upon_o the_o sea_n or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o subject_a of_o another_o king_n the_o register_n do_v give_v he_o a_o writ_n of_o reprisal_n against_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o nation_n regist._n 122._o 6._o and_o 46_o hen._n 3._o 3_o we_o find_v a_o more_o brief_a cause_n of_o justice_n for_o there_o the_o king_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o
the_o rule_n of_o those_o law_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o same_o do_v concern_v merchant_n and_o merchandize_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o customary_a or_o common_a law_n of_o england_n especial_o be_v cause_v the_o rule_n of_o those_o other_o law_n be_v well_o know_v to_o the_o other_o nation_n with_o who_o we_o have_v commerce_n and_o to_o who_o and_o from_o who_o all_o merchandize_n be_v transport_v whereas_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o own_o municipal_a law_n be_v only_o know_v within_o our_o island_n and_o if_o this_o question_n may_v be_v decide_v either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o by_o the_o law_n merchant_n which_o be_v but_o a_o member_n thereof_o or_o by_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n we_o find_v this_o point_n clear_o and_o absolute_o determine_v and_o overruled_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o those_o law_n viz._n that_o all_o absolute_a king_n and_o prince_n may_v set_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n by_o their_o prerogative_n and_o thereupon_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o since_o one_o monarch_n have_v as_o much_o power_n as_o another_o as_o fortescue_n fortescue_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la affirm_v the_o k._n of_o england_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o king_n as_o the_o emperor_n himself_o cum_fw-la ipse_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la habet_fw-la in_fw-la regno_fw-la suo_fw-la quas_fw-la imperator_fw-la vindicat_fw-la in_fw-la imperio_fw-la as_o king_n william_n rufus_n tell_v the_o archbishop_n anselm_n may_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o royal_a prerogative_n annex_v to_o his_o crown_n and_o inherent_a to_o his_o sceptre_n lay_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n export_v or_o import_v into_o any_o of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o doninion_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o general_a and_o that_o the_o same_o do_v consist_v in_o certain_a special_a point_n or_o case_n reserve_v to_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o the_o crown_n when_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v first_o establish_v and_o that_o the_o canon_n law_n of_o england_n do_v acknowledge_v and_o submit_v itself_o to_o these_o prerogative_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n all_o thing_n be_v common_a and_o all_o person_n equal_a there_o be_v neither_o meum_fw-la nor_o tuum_fw-la there_o be_v neither_o king_n nor_o subject_a then_o come_v in_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o do_v limit_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o bring_v in_o property_n which_o bring_v in_o community_n of_o thing_n which_o bring_v in_o king_n and_o ruler_n which_o take_v away_o equality_n of_o person_n for_o property_n cause_v contract_n trade_n and_o traffic_n which_o can_v not_o be_v minister_v without_o a_o king_n or_o magistrate_n so_o as_o the_o first_o and_o principal_a cause_n of_o make_v king_n be_v to_o maintain_v property_n and_o contract_n and_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n among_o man_n hereupon_o by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nation_n tribute_n and_o custom_n become_v due_a to_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n to_o maintain_v he_o in_o his_o place_n of_o government_n quasi_fw-la ministerii_fw-la sui_fw-la stipendia_fw-la say_v the_o school-man_n deo_fw-la minister_fw-la est_fw-la tibi_fw-la in_fw-la bonum_fw-la ideo_fw-la et_fw-la tributa_fw-la potestas_fw-la say_v saint_n paul_n and_o all_o these_o thing_n namely_o property_n and_o contract_n and_o king_n and_o custom_n be_v before_o any_o positive_a law_n be_v make_v then_o come_v the_o positive_a law_n and_o limit_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n whereas_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o king_n have_v a_o absolute_a and_o unlimited_a power_n in_o all_o matter_n whatsoever_o by_o the_o positive_a law_n the_o king_n himself_o be_v please_v to_o limit_v and_o stint_v his_o absolute_a power_n and_o to_o tie_v himself_o to_o the_o ordinary_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n in_o common_a and_o ordinary_a case_n worthy_o and_o princely_a according_a to_o the_o roman_a emperor_n dignissimum_fw-la principe_fw-la rex_fw-la se_fw-la allegatum_fw-la legibus_fw-la consiteri_fw-la retain_v and_o reserve_v notwithstanding_o in_o many_o point_n that_o absolute_a and_o unlimited_a power_n which_o be_v give_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o in_o these_o case_n or_o point_n the_o king_n prerogative_n do_v consist_v so_o as_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v not_o grant_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o people_n but_o reserve_v by_o himself_o to_o himself_o when_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v first_o establish_v and_o the_o king_n do_v exercise_v a_o double_a power_n viz._n a_o absolute_a power_n or_o merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la when_o he_o do_v use_v prerogative_n only_o which_o be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n and_o a_o ordinary_a power_n of_o jurisdiction_n which_o do_v cooperate_v with_o the_o law_n and_o whereby_o he_o do_v minister_v justice_n to_o the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o prescript_n rule_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n as_o for_o example_n the_o king_n do_v not_o condemn_v all_o malefactor_n but_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n but_o when_o the_o malefactor_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o law_n he_o give_v he_o a_o pardon_n by_o his_o absolute_a prerogative_n again_o the_o king_n do_v punish_v the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n within_o the_o land_n by_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n but_o he_o do_v make_v war_n and_o peace_n with_o foreign_a nation_n quod_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la liberum_fw-la jus_fw-la gladii_fw-la as_o a_o doctor_n speak_v by_o that_o absolute_a and_o unlimited_a power_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v give_v unto_o he_o again_o the_o king_n do_v establish_v the_o standard_n of_o money_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o prerogative_n only_o for_o the_o common_a law_n do_v give_v no_o rule_n touch_v the_o matter_n or_o form_n or_o value_n thereof_o but_o when_o those_o money_n be_v disperse_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o same_o do_v become_v subject_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o property_n thereof_o to_o the_o ordinary_a rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n again_o the_o right_a of_o freehold_n and_o all_o inheritance_n and_o all_o contract_n real_a and_o personal_a arise_v within_o the_o land_n be_v leave_v to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o land_n but_o the_o government_n and_o order_n of_o traffic_n trade_n and_o commerce_n both_o within_o the_o land_n and_o without_o do_v rest_n in_o the_o crown_n as_o a_o principal_a prerogative_n wherein_o the_o king_n be_v like_a to_o primum_fw-la mobile_a which_o carry_v about_o all_o the_o inferior_a sphere_n in_o his_o superior_a course_n and_o yet_o do_v suffer_v all_o the_o planet_n underneath_o he_o to_o finish_v all_o their_o divers_a and_o particular_a course_n or_o rather_o he_o do_v imitate_v the_o divine_a majesty_n which_o in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n do_v suffer_v thing_n for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o pass_v according_a to_o the_o order_n and_o course_n of_o nature_n yet_o many_o time_n do_v show_v his_o extraordinary_a power_n in_o work_v of_o miracle_n above_o nature_n and_o true_o as_o the_o king_n do_v suffer_v the_o customary_a law_n of_o england_n to_o have_v her_o course_n on_o the_o one_o side_n so_o do_v the_o same_o law_n yield_v submit_v and_o give_v way_n to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n over_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o 1_o hen._n 7._o fol._n 23._o 7.fol.23_n there_o be_v a_o rule_n that_o every_o custom_n be_v void_a in_o law_n quae_fw-la exaltat_fw-la in_fw-la praerogativum_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o customary_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n beside_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n above_o the_o common_a law_n do_v appear_v in_o this_o that_o whereas_o all_o privilege_n do_v flow_v and_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o king_n prerogative_n and_o every_o privilege_n in_o one_o point_n or_o other_o private_a communem_fw-la legem_fw-la yet_o the_o common_a law_n do_v admit_v and_o allow_v of_o privilege_n grant_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o the_o order_n and_o govern_v of_o all_o trade_n and_o traffic_n in_o corporation_n market_n and_o fair_n within_o the_o land_n and_o the_o common_a law_n do_v acknowledge_v this_o prerogative_n and_o submit_v itself_o there_o unto_o first_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o all_o corporation_n of_o city_n and_o borough_n within_o the_o land_n be_v chief_o institute_v for_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o not_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o common_a law_n no_o such_o corporation_n can_v be_v make_v but_o by_o the_o king_n charter_n for_o though_o there_o have_v be_v some_o corporation_n which_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n yet_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o same_o at_o first_o have_v their_o beginning_n by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n beside_o we_o find_v in_o divers_a ancient_a charter_n make_v unto_o those_o corporation_n a_o power_n grant_v unto_o the_o king_n to_o take_v de_fw-la
power_n to_o shut_v and_o open_v the_o fame_n at_o his_o pleasure_n again_o all_o the_o port_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v the_o king_n not_o only_o the_o cinque-port_n which_o have_v a_o special_a warden_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o port_n be_v also_o his_o and_o many_o of_o they_o bear_v a_o mark_n of_o the_o king_n inheritance_n in_o their_o addition_n as_o linn_n regis_fw-la waymouth_n melcombe_n regis_fw-la pool_n regis_fw-la for_o the_o king_n be_v custos_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o the_o haven_n and_o creek_n be_v the_o gate_n and_o postern_n of_o it_o they_o be_v ostia_n they_o be_v ianua_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o we_o find_v two_o port_n in_o italy_n call_v by_o those_o name_n the_o one_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o tiber_n the_o other_o corrupt_o call_v genoa_n but_o the_o true_a name_n thereof_o be_v ianua_fw-la and_o as_o the_o haven_n be_v ianua_fw-la regni_fw-la the_o king_n himself_o be_v janus_n and_o have_v power_n to_o open_v and_o shut_v they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n omnia_fw-la sunt_fw-la nostra_fw-la clausa_fw-la patentque_fw-la manu_fw-la say_v janus_n in_o the_o poet_n and_o again_o modo_fw-la namque_fw-la patulchus_fw-la idem_fw-la et_fw-la modo_fw-la sacrifico_fw-la clusius_n ore_fw-la vocor_fw-la the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o have_v this_o prerogative_n incident_a to_o his_o crown_n to_o shut_v and_o open_v the_o port_n when_o it_o please_v he_o as_o appear_v by_o many_o record_n especial_o by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edw._n 3._o 3_o wherein_o be_v find_v many_o petition_n that_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v open_a which_o during_o that_o king_n time_n be_v often_o shut_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o prerogative_n only_o and_o never_o full_o open_v again_o but_o when_o the_o king_n lay_v a_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n and_o this_o prerogative_n of_o custody_n of_o the_o port_n and_o of_o shut_v and_o open_v the_o same_o be_v reserve_v unto_o the_o crown_n upon_o a_o excellent_a reason_n for_o trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v hold_v with_o all_o person_n neither_o be_v all_o thing_n fit_a to_o be_v import_v or_o export_v for_o such_o person_n as_o be_v enemy_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o come_v to_o discover_v arcana_fw-la regni_fw-la such_o person_n as_o come_v to_o corrupt_v religion_n or_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n such_o person_n as_o under_o colour_n of_o merchandize_n come_v to_o set_v up_o monopoly_n or_o a_o dry_a exchange_n to_o drain_v or_o draw_v away_o our_o commodity_n or_o money_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o again_o such_o commodity_n as_o the_o kingdom_n can_v spare_v as_o corn_n in_o time_n of_o dearth_n and_o such_o as_o may_v advantage_v our_o enemy_n and_o hurt_v we_o in_o time_n of_o war_n as_o horse_n armour_n gunpowder_n etc._n etc._n be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v export_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o poison_n heretical_a book_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v apparent_o hurtful_a to_o the_o people_n be_v not_o to_o be_v import_v and_o therefore_o the_o prerogative_n of_o open_v and_o shut_v the_o port_n be_v accompany_v with_o another_o absolute_a power_n of_o stop_v and_o imbar_v of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n sometime_o general_o sometime_o between_o we_o and_o particular_a nation_n and_o sometime_o for_o particular_a merchandize_n only_o whereof_o there_o be_v many_o precedent_n and_o example_n both_o in_o record_n and_o history_n of_o our_o nation_n 2_o edw._n 1._o 1_o rot._n parliament_n m._n 18._o in_fw-la archivis_fw-la turris_fw-la 2_o edw._n 3._o 3_o rot._n fin_n m._n 17_o ibid._n 10_o edw._n 3._o 3_o chaunc_fw-la m._n 3._o in_fw-la dorso_fw-la ibid._n 17_o hen._n 6._o 4_o sccio_fw-mi angliae_fw-la matthew_n paris_n hist._n magna_fw-la p._n 568._o 568._o 10_o hen._n 7_o stow._n stow_n and_o this_o prerogative_n of_o imbar_v trade_n do_v result_v out_o of_o the_o undoubted_a prerogative_n which_o the_o king_n have_v to_o make_v peace_n and_o war_n with_o foreign_a nation_n for_o open_a war_n be_v no_o soon_o denounce_v but_o all_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n be_v stop_v and_o imbar_v between_o the_o nation_n which_o be_v engage_v in_o the_o war_n durante_fw-la bello_fw-la inter_fw-la reges_fw-la christianos_fw-la merces_fw-la quascunque_fw-la exportare_fw-la vetamur_fw-la ne_fw-la regni_fw-la arcana_fw-la serutentur_fw-la say_v a_o doctor_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n whereupon_o we_o make_v this_o argument_n that_o since_o the_o king_n have_v absolute_a power_n of_o shut_v the_o port_n and_o stop_v trade_n it_o stand_v with_o as_o good_a reason_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o like_a power_n to_o lay_v reasonable_a imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n for_o open_v of_o the_o port_n and_o for_o give_v of_o freedom_n of_o trade_n again_o he_o that_o may_v do_v the_o more_o may_v do_v the_o less_o non_fw-la debet_fw-la ei_fw-la cui_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la majus_fw-la est_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la minus_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la licere_fw-la say_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n he_o that_o may_v prohibit_v merchant_n not_o to_o trade_n or_o pass_v may_v dispense_v with_o that_o prohibition_n and_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o go_v and_o traffic_n sub_fw-la modo_fw-la again_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v dominus_fw-la maris_fw-la which_o flow_v about_o the_o island_n as_o divers_a ancient_a book_n and_o record_n do_v testify_v as_o fitz_n avowry_n 192._o 6_o rich._n 2._o protection_n 46._o rot._n scotiae_fw-la m._n 16._o in_o arch._n turris_n turris_fw-la and_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o only_o quoad_fw-la protectionem_fw-la et_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la sed_fw-la quoad_fw-la proprietatem_fw-la and_o this_o be_v our_o neptune_n trident_n for_o god_n give_v unto_o man_n as_o well_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o of_o the_o earth_n where_o it_o be_v say_v gen._n 1._o 1_o replete_a terram_fw-la et_fw-la subjicite_fw-la eam_fw-la and_o dominamini_fw-la piscibus_fw-la maris_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_fw-la psal._n 8._o omnia_fw-la subjecit_fw-la pedibus_fw-la ejus_fw-la pisces_fw-la maris_fw-la and_o quicquid_fw-la perambulat_fw-la semitas_fw-la maris_fw-la and_o therefore_o baldus_n baldus_n affirm_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la distincta_fw-la esse_fw-la dominia_fw-la in_fw-la mare_fw-la sicut_fw-la in_fw-la terra_fw-la arida_fw-la and_o again_o mare_fw-la attribuitur_fw-la terrae_fw-la circunstanti_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v though_o there_o be_v but_o one_o ocean_n in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v quasi_fw-la insula_fw-la say_v strabo_n strabo_n yet_o be_v there_o mare_n gallicum_n sardicum_fw-la creticum_n aegypticum_fw-la and_o oceanus_fw-la britanicus_n germanicus_n etc._n etc._n which_o particular_a name_n do_v note_v a_o propriety_n in_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o land_n adjoin_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o our_o common_a law_n do_v give_v unto_o ourk_v all_o the_o land_n which_o be_v gain_v from_o the_o sea_n which_o stampford_n stampford_n in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n do_v affirm_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la quia_fw-la mare_fw-la seu_fw-la particula_fw-la maris_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la territorio_fw-la illius_fw-la civitatis_fw-la vel_fw-la regni_fw-la cui_fw-la magis_fw-la appropinquat_fw-la say_v one_o learned_a doctor_n mare_fw-la se_fw-la extendit_fw-la cum_fw-la aquae_fw-la flnt_fw-la mensurabiles_fw-la say_v another_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o navigable_a river_n as_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o the_o river_n of_o lee_n and_o divers_a other_o be_v call_v in_o our_o book_n the_o king_n stream_n 19_o ass_n p.6_n p.6_n dyer_n 117_o a_fw-la because_o cause_v such_o river_n be_v arm_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o far_o as_o the_o sea_n do_v flow_v in_o they_o 22._o ass._n p._n 93._o 93._o and_o last_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o king_n may_v prohibit_v all_o subject_n whatsoever_o to_o pass_v over_o the_o sea_n without_o his_o licence_n and_o to_o that_o end_n in_o 22_o edw._n 4._o 4_o the_o king_n command_v the_o warden_n of_o the_o cinque ports_o and_o the_o bailiff_n of_o all_o other_o port_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o suffer_v any_o man_n ship_n or_o boat_n to_o pass_v beyond_o the_o sea_n quousque_fw-la rex_fw-la illud_fw-la mandaverit_fw-la and_o the_o like_a commandment_n be_v give_v 4_o edw._n 3._o 3_o 21_o edw._n 3._o 3_o 16_o rich._n 2._o 2_o 17_o hen._n 6._o 6_o if_o therefore_o the_o king_n have_v such_o a_o absolute_a interest_n in_o the_o port_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o all_o navigable_a river_n wherein_o the_o king_n port_n be_v situate_v for_o the_o main_a part_n why_o shall_v he_o not_o have_v the_o like_a absolute_a power_n to_o limit_v and_o prescribe_v unto_o merchant_n what_o duty_n they_o shall_v pay_v and_o upon_o what_o term_n and_o condition_n they_o shall_v pass_v to_o and_o fro_o upon_o the_o sea_n and_o
prerogative_n of_o make_v war_n or_o peace_n when_o himself_o in_o wisdom_n shall_v think_v fit_a so_o to_o do_v the_o king_n may_v decry_v all_o money_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o bullion_n and_o establish_v a_o standard_n of_o copper_n or_o leather_n therefore_o he_o shall_v coin_v no_o money_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n the_o king_n may_v if_o he_o please_v break_v up_o all_o the_o prison_n pardon_v all_o offender_n and_o so_o give_v impunity_n to_o all_o offender_n ergo_o he_o shall_v pardon_v no_o malefactor_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n these_o be_v find_v absurd_a or_o rather_o wicked_a conclusion_n à _fw-la posse_fw-la ad_fw-la esse_fw-la be_v a_o absurd_a argument_n but_o à _fw-la posse_fw-la et_fw-la nolle_fw-la nobile_fw-la est_fw-la the_o law_n presume_v the_o king_n to_o be_v so_o noble_a and_o so_o wise_a that_o all_o act_n do_v by_o he_o or_o in_o his_o name_n during_o his_o infancy_n be_v of_o as_o good_a force_n in_o law_n as_o if_o the_o law_n have_v be_v do_v in_o his_o ripe_a year_n the_o law_n presume_v the_o king_n to_o be_v most_o just_a in_o all_o his_o action_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v these_o rule_n the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o wrong_n the_o king_n can_v commit_v no_o disseisin_n the_o king_n can_v make_v no_o discontinuance_n and_o the_o like_a cor_fw-la regis_fw-la in_fw-la manu_fw-la domini_fw-la say_v solomon_n solomon_n and_o therefore_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o god_n will_v ever_o direct_v he_o to_o that_o which_o be_v just_a be_v it_o not_o then_o too_o much_o curiosity_n to_o instruct_v where_o the_o law_n trust_v and_o too_o much_o presumption_n to_o presume_v against_o the_o presumption_n of_o the_o law_n especial_o in_o the_o time_n of_o such_o a_o king_n who_o be_v the_o wise_a and_o just_a the_o most_o religious_a and_o most_o gracious_a king_n that_o ever_o reign_v in_o europe_n can_v any_o man_n imagine_v that_o so_o great_a a_o master_n in_o the_o art_n of_o government_n the_o most_o prudent_a king_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n the_o two_o great_a island_n in_o this_o hemisphere_n and_o seat_v most_o commodious_o for_o traffic_n which_o all_o the_o world_n know_v that_o the_o duty_n pay_v unto_o he_o for_o merchandize_n be_v the_o most_o certain_a settle_a and_o assure_v and_o withal_o the_o best_a and_o rich_a part_n of_o his_o revenue_n at_o this_o day_n will_v lay_v heavy_a imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v and_o so_o destroy_v all_o trade_n and_o commerce_n when_o king_n hen._n 7._o 7._o he_o most_o prudent_a predecessor_n do_v lend_v money_n to_o his_o merchant_n to_o maintain_v traffic_n will_v he_o for_o a_o little_a extraordinary_a profit_n for_o the_o time_n present_a pluck_v up_o at_o once_o the_o root_n and_o dry_v up_o the_o fountain_n of_o this_o revenue_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v it_o be_v unprobable_a it_o be_v uncredible_a it_o be_v impossible_a but_o suppose_v that_o this_o be_v credible_a that_o the_o king_n shall_v lay_v such_o heavy_a imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n as_o all_o merchant_n shall_v refuse_v to_o traffic_n who_o shall_v lose_v most_o by_o that_o the_o king_n or_o his_o people_n assure_o he_o shall_v suffer_v a_o exceed_a great_a loss_n in_o his_o custom_n but_o we_o that_o be_v of_o the_o commons_o shall_v save_v by_o it_o have_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o life_n of_o man_n within_o the_o land_n which_o be_v terra_fw-la suis_fw-la contenta_fw-la bonis_fw-la non_fw-la indiga_fw-la mercis_fw-la poeta_fw-la we_o shall_v spare_v these_o vain_a expense_n which_o we_o now_o make_v upon_o foreign_a commodity_n namely_o cloth_n of_o gold_n cloth_n of_o silver_n silk_n spice_n wine_n and_o many_o other_o superfluous_a and_o unnecessary_a thing_n which_o do_v nourish_v pride_n and_o luxury_n riot_n and_o excess_n among_o we_o which_o corrupt_v our_o manner_n and_o in_o the_o end_n will_v be_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n i_o may_v therefore_o conclude_v this_o point_n that_o since_o the_o king_n have_v power_n by_o his_o prerogative_n to_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n he_o have_v also_o a_o power_n coincident_a thereunto_o to_o limit_v and_o rate_v the_o proportion_n and_o quantity_n thereof_o according_a to_o his_o own_o wisdom_n and_o reason_n of_o state_n from_o time_n to_o time_n for_o either_o the_o king_n must_v set_v down_o the_o rate_n or_o the_o people_n or_o the_o king_n and_o people_n both_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o if_o the_o people_n will_v not_o assent_v or_o agree_v to_o a_o reasonable_a limitation_n thereof_o in_o parliament_n shall_v the_o king_n lose_v those_o royal_a duty_n which_o all_o other_o king_n do_v take_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o prerogative_n it_o be_v most_o unreasonable_a absurd_a and_o unjust_a chap._n xxvi_o the_o three_o objection_n touch_v the_o repeal_n of_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la by_o king_n edw._n 2._o and_o the_o remittal_n of_o divers_a imposition_n by_o king_n edw._n 3._o upon_o sundry_a petition_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n and_o the_o punishment_n of_o divers_a person_n in_o parliament_n for_o procurtng_a imposition_n to_o be_v set_v up_o three_o it_o be_v object_v 3_o that_o this_o prerogative_n of_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n have_v never_o at_o any_o time_n be_v set_v a_o foot_n and_o use_v by_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n progenitor_n but_o it_o have_v be_v contradict_v and_o upon_o petition_n of_o the_o people_n such_o imposition_n have_v be_v suspend_v remit_v and_o abolish_v first_o king_n edw._n 1._o say_v they_o in_o the_o 31_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v by_o his_o charter_n call_v mercatoria_fw-la speak_v of_o before_o lay_v the_o imposition_n of_o three_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n now_o call_v the_o petty-custom_n with_o a_o increase_n of_o other_o duty_n upon_o merchandize_n import_v by_o stranger_n howbeit_o this_o imposition_n stand_v not_o above_o seven_o year_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o charter_n but_o it_o be_v discontinue_v and_o quite_o take_v way_n for_o in_o 3_o edw._n 2._o the_o charter_n itself_o be_v suspend_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n 3_o edw._n 2._o 2_o claus._n m._n 23._o in_o arch._n jurris_n and_o 5_o edw._n 2._o 2._o it_o be_v utter_o repeal_v by_o a_o solemn_a ordinance_n of_o state_n rot._n ordina_fw-la 3_o edw._n 2_o in_o arch._n turris_n second_o king_n edw._n 3._o do_v at_o sundry_a time_n during_o his_o reign_n lay_v several_a imposition_n upon_o wool_n and_o other_o staple_n commodity_n sometime_o forty_o shilling_n sometime_o fifty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n and_o other_o the_o like_a rate_n upon_o merchandize_n yet_o can_v he_o never_o fix_v nor_o settle_v the_o same_o upon_o his_o subject_n for_o upon_o sundry_a petition_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n who_o find_v themselves_o grieve_v therewith_o these_o imposition_n be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n remit_v 13_o edw._n 3._o 3_o rot._n parliament_n in_o arch._n turris_n 14_o edw._n 3._o 3_o cap._n 21._o 17_o ed_n 3._o rot._n parliament_n numb._n 12._o 12_o ed._n 3._o 3_o rot._n parliament_n numb._n 11._o again_o the_o same_o king_n many_o time_n do_v shut_v up_o all_o the_o port_n and_o thereby_o restrain_v the_o exportation_n of_o merchandize_n then_o will_v he_o take_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o grant_v licence_n to_o transport_v which_o prove_v as_o great_a a_o charge_n as_o imposition_n and_o yet_o upon_o sundry_a complaint_n of_o the_o people_n in_o parliament_n the_o sea_n be_v set_v open_a and_o liberty_n of_o trade_n permit_v again_o stat._n 18_o edw._n 3._o 3_o cap._n 3._o 22_o edw._n 3._o 3_o rot._n parliament_n numb._n 8._o in_o arch._n turris_n 13_o edw._n 3._o in_o sccio_n angliae_fw-la rot._n 12._o 13_o edw._n 3._o 3_o rot._n parliament_n numb._n 5._o in_o arch._n turris_n last_o in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n divers_a person_n be_v accuse_v and_o punish_v in_o parliament_n for_o procure_v new_a imposition_n to_o be_v set_v upon_o merchandize_n namely_o the_o lord_n latimer_n latimer_n who_o albeit_o he_o be_v a_o noble_a man_n and_o a_o privy_a counsellor_n to_o the_o king_n yet_o be_v he_o fine_v commit_v to_o the_o mafhalsce_n and_o put_v out_o of_o the_o council_n 50_o edw._n 3._o rot._n parliament_n nu_fw-la 34_o in_o arch._n turris_n richard_n lion_n lion_n likewise_o a_o citizen_n of_o london_n and_o farmer_n of_o the_o custom_n a_o instrument_n of_o the_o l._n latimer_n in_o raise_v the_o new_a imposition_n be_v fine_v ransom_v and_o imprison_v and_o put_v from_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o city_n 50_o edw._n 3._o rot._n parliament_n numb._n 17._o in_o arch._n turris_n and_o one_o john_n peachy_n peachy_n who_o have_v get_v a_o monopoly_n of_o sweet_a wine_n by_o letter_n patent_n and_o by_o colour_n thereof_o have_v extort_a three_o shilling_n and_o four_o penny_n out_o of_o every_o pipe_n
principal_o to_o these_o cause_n follow_v first_o our_o king_n of_o england_n have_v always_o go_v before_o and_o beyond_o all_o other_o king_n in_o christendom_n in_o many_o point_n of_o magnificency_n and_o especial_o in_o this_o that_o they_o have_v always_o have_v a_o more_o rich_a and_o royal_a demean_v belong_v to_o the_o crown_n i_o mean_v more_o large_a and_o royal_a patrimony_n in_o land_n and_o rent_n than_o ever_o any_o christian_a king_n have_v before_o or_o now_o have_v at_o this_o day_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o revenue_n of_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n do_v principal_o consist_v in_o such_o gabelle_n imposition_n and_o exaction_n as_o be_v before_o remember_v and_o not_o in_o terr_v a_o firma_fw-la not_o in_o such_o a_o real_a and_o royal_a patrimony_n as_o have_v ever_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o therefoâ—â—_z other_o king_n be_v less_o able_a to_o â—â—â—ntain_v their_o estate_n or_o more_o covetous_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n have_v lay_v heavy_a burden_n upon_o their_o subject_n than_o ever_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v lay_v or_o will_v do_v or_o hereafter_o have_v need_n to_o do_v god_n be_v bless_v for_o it_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v have_v the_o prince_n portion_n speak_v of_o before_o in_o 45_o of_o ezekiel_n 45_o and_o therefore_o they_o have_v no_o need_n so_o to_o oppress_v the_o people_n again_o we_o may_v ascribe_v this_o difference_n to_o the_o bounty_n and_o noble_a nature_n of_o our_o king_n that_o they_o will_v never_o descend_v to_o those_o poor_a and_o sordid_a exaction_n which_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n do_v take_v of_o their_o subject_n sordidum_fw-la putandum_fw-la est_fw-la aurum_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la lachrimis_fw-la oritur_fw-la as_o a_o good_a counsellor_n tell_v vespasian_n again_o we_o may_v ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o policy_n of_o our_o king_n who_o will_v never_o follow_v the_o counsel_n of_o rehoboam_n young_a counsellor_n boni_fw-la pastoris_fw-la est_fw-la oves_fw-la tondere_fw-la non_fw-la diglubere_fw-la as_o tiberius_n the_o emperor_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v odi_fw-la hortulanum_fw-la say_v alexander_n qui_fw-la ab_fw-la radice_fw-la olera_fw-la excindit_fw-la qui_fw-la nimis_fw-la emergit_fw-la elicit_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la say_v solomon_n solomon_n they_o well_o consider_v that_o the_o money_n levy_v by_o tax_n and_o imposition_n be_v the_o blood_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v let_v out_o in_o any_o great_a quantity_n but_o to_o save_v the_o life_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o she_o be_v sick_a indebt_v and_o in_o great_a danger_n again_o it_o may_v be_v ascribe_v to_o their_o piety_n and_o religion_n which_o move_v they_o to_o follow_v the_o counsel_n of_o the_o divine_a rule_n deut._n 17._o 17_o where_o the_o king_n be_v warn_v not_o to_o multiply_v upon_o he_o much_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o that_o indeed_o there_o do_v seldom_o come_v good_a by_o great_a treasure_n heap_v up_o by_o a_o great_a prince_n for_o it_o do_v but_o nourish_v pride_n and_o ambition_n in_o he_o and_o stir_v he_o up_o many_o time_n to_o make_v a_o unjust_a war_n upon_o his_o neighbour_n or_o if_o he_o leave_v it_o unto_o his_o successer_n it_o make_v they_o luxurious_a and_o vicious_a which_o draw_v with_o it_o sometime_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o kingdom_n sed_fw-la optimus_fw-la et_fw-la certissimus_fw-la thesaurus_fw-la principis_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la loculis_fw-la subditorum_fw-la say_v the_o learned_a buterus_n in_o his_o book_n against_o machiavelli_n machiavelli_n let_v the_o king_n say_v he_o have_v a_o care_n to_o maintain_v religion_n and_o justice_n and_o peace_n in_o his_o kingdom_n this_o will_v soon_o bring_v plenty_n with_o a_o continual_a increase_n and_o make_v a_o rich_a and_o wealthy_a people_n then_o shall_v the_o king_n never_o want_v money_n to_o serve_v his_o just_a and_o necessary_a and_o honourable_a occasion_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o sovereign_n shall_v be_v poor_a when_o the_o subject_n be_v rich_a and_o until_o occasion_n do_v arise_v the_o coffer_n of_o his_o subject_n will_v be_v his_o best_a exchequer_n they_o will_v be_v his_o treasure_n they_o will_v be_v his_o receiver_n his_o teller_n without_o fee_n or_o wage_n no_o bad_a accountant_n shall_v deceive_v he_o nor_o no_o bankrupt_a officer_n shall_v deceive_v he_o they_o will_v keep_v the_o treasure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o frugal_o as_o no_o importunate_a courtier_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o withdraw_v the_o same_o from_o a_o prince_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v still_o remain_v in_o store_n to_o supply_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n last_o our_o king_n of_o england_n in_o their_o wisdom_n well_o understand_v the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o their_o people_n and_o know_v they_o to_o be_v a_o free_a generous_a and_o noble_a nation_n hold_v they_o not_o fit_a to_o be_v beat_v with_o rehoboam_n rod_n esteem_v they_o too_o good_a to_o be_v whip_v with_o scorpion_n and_o therefore_o god_n be_v bless_v we_o have_v not_o in_o england_n the_o gabeller_n stand_v at_o every_o town_n end_n we_o have_v not_o a_o publican_n in_o every_o market_n we_o pay_v not_o a_o gabell_n for_o every_o bunch_n of_o reddish_n or_o branch_n of_o rosemary_n sell_v in_o cheapside_n we_o have_v none_o of_o those_o harpy_n which_o do_v swarm_n in_o other_o country_n we_o have_v no_o complain_v in_o the_o street_n as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o 144._o psalm_n 144_o and_o therefore_o i_o may_v well_o conclude_v with_o the_o conclusion_n of_o that_o psalm_n happy_a be_v the_o people_n that_o be_v in_o such_o a_o case_n bless_a be_v the_o people_n that_o have_v the_o lord_n for_o their_o god_n above_o in_o heaven_n and_o king_n james_n for_o their_o king_n here_o upon_o earth_n finis_fw-la these_o book_n follow_v be_v print_v for_o henry_n twyford_n and_o partner_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n in_o vine-court_n middle_a temple_n the_o complete_a attorney_n or_o the_o practic_a part_n of_o the_o law_n a_o learned_a treatise_n of_o ward_n and_o livery_n by_o sir_n james_n ley_n knight_n the_o life_n of_o the_o apostle_n st._n paul_n soliloquy_n meditation_n and_o prayer_n of_o st._n bonaventure_n the_o discontent_a colonel_n by_o sir_n john_n sucklin_n the_o european_a mercury_n the_o humble_a remonstranee_n of_o sir_n john_n stawell_n hebdomada_fw-la magna_fw-la or_o the_o great_a week_n of_o christ_n passion_n sir_n robert_n brooks_n read_v on_o the_o statute_n of_o limitation_n kitchen_n jurisdiction_n of_o court_n leet_n court_v baron_n etc._n etc._n rich._n brownlow_n esq_n prothonotary_n to_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n his_o report_n the_o first_o and_o second_o part._n declaration_n and_o plead_n english_a judicial_a writ_n plowdens_n abridgement_n abridgement_n of_o lord_n cook_n littleton_n abridgement_n of_o pulton_n statute_n at_o large_a by_o edmund_n wingate_n esq_n the_o book_n of_o the_o draw_n up_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o judgement_n the_o body_n of_o law_n by_o edmund_n wingate_n esq_n the_o marrow_n of_o law_n or_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o faithful_a counsellor_n office_n and_o duty_n of_o executor_n in_o 8._o layman_n lawyer_n or_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o practic_a part_n of_o the_o law_n a_o commentary_n on_o the_o original_a writ_n by_o william_n hughes_n esq_n stevenson_n poem_n the_o anabaptist_n anatomize_v in_o a_o dispute_n between_o mr._n crag_n and_o mr._n tomb_n caesar_n commentary_n with_o sir_n clement_n edmund_n observation_n the_o complete_a clerk_n and_o scrivener_n guide_n be_v the_o exact_a form_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o conveyance_n and_o instrument_n now_o in_o use_n as_o they_o be_v pen_v by_o learned_a counsel_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a the_o counesse_fw-fr of_o arundell_n secret_n in_o physic_n and_o surgery_n etc._n etc._n the_o history_n of_o the_o trouble_n of_o swethland_n and_o poland_n justinian_n dict._n and_o stud._n 1.lib.cap.2_a baldus_n baldus_n strabo_n justinian_n halicar._n lib.3_o bracton_n stampford_v prà rogat_fw-la regis_fw-la fol._n 37.6_o 19_o e._n 4.6_o 37_o e._n 6.20_o 11_o h._n 4_o com._n 316_o 7_o e._n 4.19.3_o r._n 3.2_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap.30_n ulpian_n 13_o edw._n 4.9,10_o reg._n fol.135_n f._n n.117_n d._n f._n n.117_n d._n 2_o e._n 3_o regist._n 259_o a._n bodin_n register_n 122_o 6._o 46_o hen._n 3_o rot._n pa._n 3._o e_o i.m._n 19_o in_fw-la archis_fw-la turris_fw-la london_n 3_o edw._n 1_o 27_o e._n 3_o cap._n 2_o cicero_n 13_o e._n 4.9_o lex_fw-la civilis_fw-la cicero_n offic._n li_fw-it 2_o bodin_n de_fw-fr repub._n li.2.cap.8_n bodin_n stephen_n king_n of_o spain_n pope_n eluther_n two_o r._n 2_o chopinn_z rhodian_n the_o canon_n law_n decret._n cause_n 24_o quaest._n 3_o canonist_n poll-money_n st._n paul_n fortescue_n 1h_o 7.fol.23_n 3_o edw._n 1_o pat_o m_o 21_o f.n._n 170_o d._n register_n of_o writ_n fol._n 107_o custom_n and_o toll_n strabo_n 38_o h._n 8_o dyer_n 43._o edw._n 1_o edw._n 2._o edw._n 3_o bates_n case_n de_fw-fr currant_n in_o sccio_n per_fw-la fleming_n chief_a baron_n 3_o edw._n 1._o 3_o edw._n 1_o rot._n fin.memb.24_n statute_n 25_o e._n 1_o dyer_n 29._o 30_o h._n 8.43_o 31_o fd_o 3.60_o 27_o e._n 3_o prizage_n and_o butlerage_n 52_o h._n 3_o 31_o ed._n 1_o gauger_n alneger_n 14_o ed._n 2_o customer_n controller_n searcher_n 25_o e._n 1_o ed._n 2_o 11_o e._n 2_o the_o writ_n to_o his_o collecttor_n of_o his_o custom_n collector_n of_o his_o custom_n raimundus_n lullius_n 1_o ed._n 1_o rot._n fin_n m._n 30_o in_fw-la archivis_fw-la turris_fw-la le_fw-fr record_n 17_o ed_n 3._o rot._n 308_o in_o sccio_n angliae_fw-la etc._o etc._o 12_o ed._n 3_o rot._n almaniae_n pars_fw-la 1._o numb._n 3_o 31_o ed._n 3_o rot._n parl._n numb.24_a 13_o ed._n 1_o 14_o ed._n 3_o staple_n at_o calais_n e._n 3_o r._n 2_o h._n 4_o h._n 5_o dyer_n 165_o 12_o eliz._n 12_o eliz._n letter_n patent_n 28_o july_n 6._o iac._n bodin_n lib._n 6_o de_fw-la repub._n ca._n 2_o caligula_n appian_n cicero_n 12_o ed._n 4.cap.5_n virgil_n plin._n lib.19.cap.4_n tempore_fw-la edw._n 3_o 2_o edw._n 1_o 2_o edw._n 3_o 10_o ed._n 3_o 17_o hen._n 4_o matthew_n paris_n histor._n magna_fw-la p._n 568._o 10_o hen._n 7_o stow_n fitz_n avowry_n 192.6_o rich._n 2_o protection_n 46_o rot._n scotiae_fw-la nu_fw-la 16_o in_o arch_n turris_fw-la gen._n 1_o baldus_n strabo_n stampford_n 19_o ass_n p.6_n 22._o ass_n p_o 93._o 22_o ed._n 4_o 4_o edw._n 3_o 21_o ed._n 3_o 16_o ri._n 2_o 17_o h._n 6_o tempore_fw-la henry_n 8._o the_o k._n of_o spain_n imposition_n in_o an._n 1614_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30_o 46_o ed._n 3_o i_o edw._n 3_o anno_fw-la 40._o elizabeth_n object_n 1_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o 1._o object_n object_n 2_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o 2._o object_n solomon_n henry_n 7._o poeta_fw-la object_n 3_o 3_o edw._n 2_o 5_o edw._n 2._o 13_o ed._n 3_o 14_o ed._n 3_o 12_o ed._n 3_o 18_o ed._n 3_o 22_o ed._n 3_o 13_o ed._n 3_o lord_n latimer_n richard_n lion_n i._n peachy_n 50_o ed._n 3._o rot._n parli_n numb._n 33._o 50_o ed._n 3_o rot._n parl._n num.191_n in_o arch._n turris_n dyer_n 1_o eliz._n fol.165_n the_o answer_n to_o object_n 3_o 5_o edw._n 2_o senatus_fw-la rome_n solomon_n julius_n caesar_n augustus_n caesar_n edw._n 1_o edw._n 3_o nero_n edw._n 2_o rich._n 2_o petition_n be_v of_o divers_a kind_n and_o have_v divers_a answer_n mayletolt_n 3_o king_n cap._n 12_o 14_o ed._n 3.cap.13_n anno_fw-la 29_o ed._n 3_o 6_o edw._n 3_o rot._n parl._n nu.4_n 13_o edw._n 3_o rot._n parl._n numb.5_n 18_o ed_n 3._o rot._n parl._n nu.10.26_n in_o arch._n turris_n 28_o ed._n 3._o rot._n parl._n numb._n 27._o 38_o ed._n 3._o rot._n parl._n numb.26_n 6_o edw._n 3_o rot._n parl._n numb.4_n lionscase_v 50_o ed._n 3_o rot._n parl._n nu.17,18_a lord_n latimer_n case_n peachy_n case_n 1_o eliz._n dyer_n fol.165_n object_n 4_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o forth_o object_n dyer_n 44._o statute_n of_o northampton_n 2_o edw._n 3_o object_n 5_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o 5._o object_n k._n ed._n 4_o julius_n caesar_n imposition_n tiberius_n the_o roman_a emperor_n caligula_n vespasian_n the_o imposition_n of_o france_n the_o spanish_a imposition_n gutturis_fw-la de_fw-la gabellis_fw-la quaest._n 174._o the_o d._n of_o tuscany_n imposition_n the_o imposition_n by_o the_o pope_n sixtus_n quintus_fw-la the_o imposition_n of_o the_o signiory_n of_o venice_n baltholus_n baidus_fw-la the_o imposition_n of_o the_o low_a country_n the_o imposition_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n of_o turkey_n the_o imposition_n of_o denmark_n ezek._n 45_o solomon_n deut._n 17_o buterus_n contra_fw-la machiavelli_n psa._n 144_o