not to slip so favourable an opportunity to foment our divisions and make an advantage thereof either by a Treaty or the continuation of the War To this end the Archduke sent a Deputy to the Parliament who gave him Audience after he had delivered his Credentials not without some blot to this Society if necessity of defence had not pleaded its excuse In his Audience he declared the Catholick King 's joyning with this Company for a general Peace which should be the sole end of his Forces Entry into France and not to take advantage of the weakness of the Frontier and that he found more security in treating with the Parliament than with the Cardinal who had broke it and who was a declared Enemy of the State And indeed Vaufourle sent from the Court to the Ministers of Spain in Flanders to insinuate some Propositions for a Peace was not favourably heard and they inclined to the Parliaments side to relieve this Party which was going down the Wind so that the Offers of the Archduke to the Faction of Paris which he perform'd by his actual entry into France accompanied by the two Agents of the Prince of Conty with fifteen or sixteen thousand Men giving a just apprehension to the Court made it suddenly resolve to accommodate the affair of Paris The Taxes were out it was extreamly difficult to get Money their Troops perished either by the Avarice of the Officers or for want of subsistance or the dissatisfaction of their Generals and their Arms grew into discredit In fine the minds of most were disgusted either because they smarted under the inconvenience or because it is the nature of people to be soon wearied with a War which they undertook in passion The Premiere President and the President of Mesme who had by consent acted underhand with the Ministers during all these commotions managed with Address these dispositions to advance a Treaty for Peace and as they were deputed together with others to carry to the Queen the Letter of the Arch-duke and the Credentials of his Envoy and to justifie the Company for having given him Audience but withal to acquaint her That they would not determine upon an Answer without knowing her Pleasure they had a Conference apart from the other Deputies with the Duke of Orleans and Monsieur le Prince wherein they Treated for a Peace When they were together the Deputies insisting upon the opening of the Passages the Princes promised them to open one as soon as the Parliament gave full power to their Deputies to Treat for a Peace Now though this secret Conference made the Parliament and the People who were at the Door of the great Chamber to murmur yet the Premiere President who never wanted Constancy upon occasion nor Zeal for the publick Good having said That it was only to get an Answer from the Queen who was incensed at the Company for having received the Spanish Envoy persuaded them to give a full Power without the restriction of the Arrest of January 18. against the Cardinal and foreign Ministers giving them in charge the Interests of the Generals and the Parliaments of Normandy and Provence who were Confederates with the Parliament of Paris with whom the other Deputies for the Companies of the Chambers of Accounts of the Courts of Aids and of the Hotel de Ville were joyned Whilst this famous Deputation was in their way to St. Germains their Majesties and the two Princes had sent some Persons of Quality to the Queen of England to condole the fatal Death of the King her Husband and Flammarin who was one of them made a visit from the Abbot de la Riviere to Prince Marcillac who lay Sick of a Wound which he received in the Fight at the Brie Comte Robert The Count de Grancey in this Visit made some secret Overtures advantagious to the Prince of Conty namely that he should be admitted into the Council and have a strong place in Champaine provided that he would agree to an accommodation and desist from his nomination to the Cardinalship in favour of this Abbot This Proposition made with the consent of Monsieur le Prince who desired to reunite the two Families was approved of by Monsieur de Marcillac and soon after by the Duke de Longueville and the Prince of Conty At this time the Duke de Longueville was perswaded by Monsieur le Prince to retard his Supplies for Paris and to Treat with the Court upon a Promise of the Pont de l'Arche and a great Charge for which he was his Surety Monsieur de Bouillon had also some assurances given to him and Monsieur Turenne by Monsieur le Prince but either because he did not very much confide in him or because he entertained other hopes he put all the obstacles he could to the conclusion of the Peace So rare is Fidelity in Civil War to the mutual tyes and correspondencies which are found amongst People of different Parties and there are always particular Treaties which precede the general one because the secret Agreements of heads so considerable seeming to preserve only a respect for their Party necessitate the most Zealous to acquiesce in the Peace or to shew a shameful weakness Notwithstanding the Conferences at Ruel had like to have broke up upon the Queens nomination of the Cardinal for a Deputy in conjunction with the two Princes Those of the Parliament not being willing to admit him because he had been condemned they therefore made use of this expedient to negotiate by two Deputies for each Party which were the Chancellor and le Tellier for the Court and the President Coigneux and Viole for the Parliament At last after many Debates and Contests they agreed upon a Peace wherein though the Cardinal was preserved yet he complain'd to the Princes that he was put sub hastâ as it was term'd in ancient Rome that is set to sale and that they had made him restore his Moveables and Habits Clothes sold by an Arrest of Parliament This necessity appeared to them little important in respect to the Necessity they lay under because of the approach of the Spanish Army The principal Articles were that they should send back the Deputy of the Arch-Duke without an Answer a general pardon for all the Party all the Declarations and Arrests since the sixth of January to be repealed and annull'd and the Semestres of the Parliaments of Normandy and Provence suppressed upon certain conditions Those who were Enemies to this Peace took a pretence from some of the Articles to decry it especially the Coadjutor who was incensed that the War which was here begun by him should be concluded without him and that instead of all the Advantages which his Ambition had fancied to him he reaped nothing but the shame of having labored to subvert the State He was strictly associated with the Duke de Beaufort whose credit be made use of in all Occurrences and in this he forgot nothing to render the
Treaty odious to the People the Parliament and the Generals He represented to them that this War being made onely to remove the Cardinal he was nevertheless preserved by this Peace even the Arrest of the eighth of January against him and Foreign Ministers was revoked and then where is the fruit of so much pains and sufferings and will not the Parliament fall under the Peoples contempt by such a remissness And also that the Generals abandoned themselves to their private Interests in prejudice to the Union but that which with some shew of reason exasperated them most was that the Cardinal signed the Treaty the greatest part saying That he having signed it it became null because the Conference was against him and that there was reason to wonder that the Deputies should suffer a condemned man to confer and to sign with them He and his Emissaries by such like Discourses provoked the Parliament and People who threatned the Deputies with the utmost Extremities As soon as the Premiere President began to read the verbal Process and the Articles in the Assembly of the Chambres he was hindred by the great clamours and murmurs of the Councellors and the complaints of the Generals But the wisest part of the Parliament either ballancing the Inconveniencies of a Civil War with the hardness of the Articles or because they perceived that it was the Ambition of the Coadjutour and of some particular persons that inspired them with this averseness judged the Peace necessary The Company thought of sending back the same Deputies to St. Germain to reform the three Articles without speaking of the Cardinal and to treat of the Interests of the Generals who should be inserted into the same Declaration This pretty mild Advice was proposed by Broussel and for that reason followed by the Frondeurs and the Mazarins not without some it may be unjust suspition that a secret promise of the Government of the Bastile had at this time mollifyed the good man so few are there who are proof against the charms of Interest When the Coadjutor saw that the Parliament in the Reformation of the Article did not insist against the Cardinal he perswaded the Prince of Conty to send some one from him and the rest of the Generals to the Conference at St. Germain which was held principally for the Interest of the Generals to propose that they would renounce all their pretentions provided that the Cardinal would resign up the Ministry of State and at the same time to beg the Parliament to order their Deputies to insist upon that in conjunction with them To this end the Prince sent the Count de Maure to St. Germain and asked the company to joyn with him who granted it But because there was no mention made thereof in the first Treaty and also that the Duke de Brissac Barriere and Crecy the Deputies of the Generals had made other Propositions for their Interests and because they had already tasted of the Fruits of the Peace by the restauration of Traffick and the Cessation of all Acts of Hostility The Queen and Princes answered to the pressing Instances of the Count de Maure that they would never consent to remove the Cardinal and that the pretensions of the Generals either were Acts of Grace Favour or were due in Justice that those in Justice due should be preserved for them but for such as were only Acts of Favour they should be conferred on such as deserved them most and depend purely on her Majesties pleasure So that all their pretensions being for the most part ill grounded came to nothing and there was only the Prince de Conty who had Danvilliers the Duke de Lougueville who had the Pont de l'Arche and Brussel who had the Bastilc which also was not performed till some time after and some arrears of Pensions put into the Bargain As to the Parliament it was satisfied with the Reformation of the three Articles which the Deputies demanded and Her Majesty dispensed with their coming to St. Germains where she was to keep her seat of Justice The Deputies came to Paris where the Chambers being assembled the Kings Declaration for a Peace was ratified and it was Ordered That their Majesties should be thank'd for the Peace they had been pleased to give their Subjects This was the end of the War wherein neither Party having got the better of the other neither of them obtained what they at first proposed to themselves For the Parliament and the Cardinal remained in their former splendor and the present state of Things was not at all chang'd notwithstanding the Peace which for some time put a period to all the Horrors of a Civil War was receiv'd with an universal Joy except amongst such as grow sick of publick Tranquility and have no way to advance themselves but by Factions and establish their Safety and Fortunes in the Shipwrack of others But the Fire of Civil War was not quite extinguish'd by this Peace of the Parliament it soon after kindled again and flam'd out with more violence in the principal Provinces of the Kingdom and certainly it was difficult for the Queen to pay an Acknowledgement proportionable to the great Services which Monsieur le Prince had done her and for Monsieur le Prince to contain himself within a dutiful Modesty after having so usefully served her for Debts of this nature being almost impossible to be paid ordinarily produce hatred in the mind of the Soveraign and at the same time inspire Subjects with thoughts of domineering which are not to be endured Now as the Cardinal had chiefly reap'd the fruit of Monsieur le Prince's assistance so he was the most exposed to his complaints demands menaces and ill humour Sometime before the Troubles the Cardinal desiring to establish the Seat of his Fortune in France that he might strengthen himself by great Alliances cast his eyes upon the Duke de Mercaeur whom he design'd to marry to one of his Nieces he gave him leave to come to Court and the Duke de Vendosme to return to one of his Houses and also gave over persecuting the Duke de Beaufort This made the more quick-sighted judge the Cardinal who foresaw how burthensome the protection of Monsieur le Prince would in time be to him attempted all possible ways to make a shift without it and yet he hoped by appeasing the Discontents of the Regency and getting new supports to free himself from depending upon him This project was interrupted by the War and set on foot again soon after the Peace when the Court being at Compeigne where the Duke de Vendosme was The Cardinal omitted no care to make it take effect The Queen spoke of it to Monsieur le Prince who durst not contradict the Proposal either because he foresaw not or slighted the consequence or rather because he feared the Breach that would happen upon this refusal But Monsieur de Longuevil who was restored to his Brothers favor and had
suspition of the opposite Cabals as also delay'd Monsieur le Prince at Paris till such time as he should lose Guienne and his other Holds and that the Kings Army commanded by the Mareschals de Turenne and d'Hoiquincourt kept the Field whilst his was retir'd into Estampes neither did it remain long there without receiving a considerable loss for the Mareschal de Turenne's being inform'd that Madamoiselle passing by Estamps had desir'd to see the Army drawn out march'd straight thither and arriv'd at the Suburbs before the Enemy who was log'd in it return'd and was in a condition to defend their Quarters which was forc'd and plunder'd the Mareschals de Turenne and d'Hoiquincourt retir'd back to their Camps after having kill'd 1000 or 1200 Men of the Princes the choicest Troops besides many which they carried away Prisoners This success increas'd the hopes of the Court and gave birth to the design of the Besieging Estampes and all the Army that was in it and how difficult soever this Enterprize appear'd it was resolv'd on for their hopes depended upon disheartned Soldiers and divided Leaders the Towns being open in several places and every where ill fortifi'd and impossible to receive relief from any but the Duke de Lorrain with whom the Court believed they had made an Agreement but for all this in my opinion they consider'd less the event of the Siege than the Reputation so great an Enterprize wou'd give to the Kings Forces and the truth of it was that though they still continu'd their Negotiations with such eagerness and that Monsieur le prince so extremely desir'd a Peace it could not be reasonably expected till such time as the success of Estampes had regulated the Propositions In the mean while the Adherents to the Court made use of this conjuncture to gain the People and to make a Party in the Parliament and although the Duke of Orleans appear'd very firmly united to Monsieur le Prince he had nevertheless daily Conferences in private with the Cardinal de Rets who was bent to destroy whatever resolutions Monsieur le Prince perswaded him to take The Siege of Estampes still continued and although the Kings Army made no considerable progress the noise that it made through the whole Kingdom was advantagious to the Court insomuch that Paris expected the Succors of the Duke of Lorrain as the only preservation of the Party he arriv'd at length after so many delays and after having given suspition of his Agreement with the King but his presence soon put a stop to that opinion for a time and he was receiv'd with all marks of joy his Army was encamp'd near Paris and all other disorders were suffer'd without complaints At first there was some coolness between Monsieur le Prince and him for place but seeing that Monsieur le Prince was resolute he declin'd his Pretentions so much more easily in that he had only rais'd this dispute to gain time to make a secret Treaty with the Court to raise the Siege of Estampes without hazarding a Battel which was concluded by the Duke of Lorrain without ever acquainting either Monsieur or Monsieur le Prince with it the first news they heard of it was that their Troops were march'd out of Estampes and that the Kings Army was remov'd from thence and the Duke de Lorrain retir'd into Flanders pretending that he had fully perform'd the King of Spain's Orders and also the Word that he had given to Monsieur This news surpriz'd every body and made Monsieur le Prince resolve to join his Forces fearing left the Kings Army shou'd fall upon him in his march he left Paris with 12 or 15 Horse exposing himself to be taken by the Enemies Party and having join'd his Army he march'd to Ville-juif where they quarter'd and from thence pass'd to St. Cloud where they remain'd in which time not only the Harvest was destroy'd but also most of the Houses thereabouts were reduc'd to Ashes With which proceedings the Parisians were so dissatisfied that Monsieur le Prince had like to have receiv'd fatal marks thereof in the Battle of St. Antoine Nevertheless Gaucourt had secret Conferences with the Cardinal in which he declar'd that a Peace was desired with all earnestness and went so far as to agree upon the principal conditions but he so much insisted upon those lesser points that he became suspected not to intend to treat this new uncertainty gave new strength to all the Cabals and an appearance of truth to all the reports that were spread amongst the People paris was never in so great an agitation Monsieur le Prince's thoughts were never so divided which to resolve of Peace or War The Spaniards endeavoured to remove him from Paris to hinder the Peace and the Duchess de Longueville's friends contributed all they could with the same design to remove him also from Madam de Chastillon and likewise Madamoiselle aim'd at the same mark with the Spaniards and the Duchess de Longueville for on one side she desir'd the War should continue to be reveng'd upon the Queen and the Cardinal who had opposed her being married to the King and on the other in hopes to force Monsieur le Prince to leave Madam de Chastillon that she might have as great a share both in his esteem and trust as also to win him who was most in her affection She rais'd Men in his Name and promis'd to furnish him with Money to levy more These Promises joyn'd to those of the Spaniards and the Artifices of the Duchess of Longueville's Friends remov'd from Monsieur le Prince the thoughts which he had of a Peace but that which in my opinion put him the farthest from it was not only the little confidence he could repose in the Court afterwards but what can hardly gain belief of one of his Quality and Merit a vast desire of imitating the Duke of Lorrain in many things and particularly in his method of treating his Soldiers and Officers he was perswaded that if the Duke de Lorrain being robb'd of his Country and with so much less advantage than he had could make himself so considerable by his Army and Money he who had such infinite Qualities above him would make a progress proportionable and in the mean time might live entirely conformable to his own humour This is the real motive which induc'd Monsieur le Prince to join with the Spaniards and for which he renounc'd all that his Birth and Services had acquired him in the Kingdom though he laboured to hide it as much as was possible by shewing still the same desire for the Peace which was still pursued with fruitless Treaties The Court went to St. Denis the Mareschal de la Ferté join'd the Kings Army with those Troops which he had march'd out of Lorrain Monsieur le Prince's Army weaker than the least of the two Bodies which oppos'd him till then had maintain'd the Post of St. Cloud that he might make
make for Peace was too generally desir'd at Paris for any one to live there securely who design'd to oppose it The Duke d'Orleans for his part who had always desir'd the Peace and who still apprehended the mischief that Monsieur le Prince's presence might draw upon him contributed the more willingly to remove him in that he knew he should then have a greater liberty to make his particular Treaty Though all things were thus in confusion they did not interrupt the ordinary course of the Negotiations for at the time that Cardinal Mazarine left France in hopes to root out all pretences of a Civil War or to shew that Monsieur le Prince pursued other aimes than his removal he sent Anglade Secretary to the Duke de Bouillon to the Duke de la Rochefoucault and whether it was that he had really a design to treat in hopes to make his return more easie or that he design'd to draw some advantage by shewing the World that he desir'd a Peace at length Anglade brought much more ample conditions than any before and almost the same that Monsieur le Prince had demanded but they were also refus'd and his destiny which drew him into Flanders never let him see the Precipice till it was no longer in his power to retire at length he departed with the Duke de Lorrain after having in vain contrived with the Duke d'Orleans to oppose the Queens being received into Paris but his reputation was not then in a condition to lye in ballance with the Court he received orders to leave Paris the day that the King was to make his entry into it which he instantly obeyed that he might not be a witness of his enemies triumphs and of the publick joy Cardinal Mazarin's Letter to Monsieur de Brienne SIR THE Queen as far as I understand believes that you should have only sent me a Letter from the King as it is usually done to all National Cardinals when news is brought from Rome that the Pope is in danger and that I had a particular Priviledge granted me since besides the first from the King and the Duplicate I have received another and three from you all conceived in terms so pressing to make me without any delay depart from Rome that I confess I was surprized to the last degree being not able to imagine wherein I have been so deficient in my Duty to their Majesties that they should press me to take a Journey with so much Ignominy and Danger and without any means of subsisting To think that a Letter of Recommendation to the Pope would satisfie all as if they knew the World so little at Rome that they could not infer what sort of Protection I was to expect there since I was abandoned to the Persecution of my Enemies in France where the King is Master Nevertheless if I had had the honor to receive a word from the Queen to signifie that it was the Kings and her pleasure that I should go thither as she had the goodness to let me know it when she was pleased that I should go out of the Kingdom and remove as far as the Rhine I do assure you that after having put my Nieces into a Monastery and turn'd off my Family I would have gone thither with two Servants only to confirm their Majesties upon all occasions that my obedience is blind and my Fidelity of Proof I am really ready to do without any reply whatever the Queen shall command me though I cannot receive a greater mortification than to take this Journy in the condition I am in which besides cannot but be prejudicial to the Kings honour Nay which is another unhappiness in this affair they have had the Address to make it pass with the Queen for an act of Grace which was done me that I might yet feel some effect of the publick joy for the Kings Majority All this hath loaded me with sorrow when I see to what height my friends have prevailed by my disgrace and with what success they have employed their Arts to make me receive such rude usage at a time when I might justly hope that they would give some comfort to the Persecutions which I have suffered for eight Months together with so much Violence and with so notorious an Affront to the Royal Dignity But all this is not comparable to the excess of sorrow which I groaned under after having seen in all the Letters from a great many of my Friends both at Paris and elsewhere the great pleasure they take at the Contents of the Kings Declaration which was Registred in Parliament and cry'd about the City All of them without having consulted together agreeing that since the Monarchy there was never so bloudy a thing contriv'd against any body what Crime soever he had committed No body durst send it me and I may swear to you that I never saw it But to know that the King hath declared that I hinder'd the Peace and was the cause of all the Injuries done to the Allies of France is enough to perswade me that my Master would have me look'd upon as the most infamous and villanous Man that ever was and as the scourge of Christianity and after this they send me to the place of my Nativity to make a parade amongst my Kindred and Friends of the fine Titles which I have brought back with me as a Reward for the 23 years as faithful and advantagious Service as ever was done by the most zealous and disinteressed Minister that ever was All my Enemies have for these six Months laboured with an Industry visible to every body sending Commissaries all over applying themselves to all imaginable contrivances and some of them raising false Witnesses to see if they could blacken me with some Crimes who justifying to the people the oppression they laid upon me did more and more establish their hatred against me though all this produced nothing but very advantageous effects to undeceive them and let them see my Innocence and the Injustice wherewith it was attacked At this time my aforesaid Enemies despairing to do any thing by other ways found the means to perswade their Majesties to declare me without being heard in a most authentick and publick form a Rogue and to impute the hindrance of the Peace to me alone After this methinks they should rather counsel me to hide my self from the sight of Men and bury my self for ever than to go to Rome since I have reason not only to apprehend the people of France but all those who suffer by the continuation of the War have reason to stone him that is the cause thereof I am confident that their Majesties could not have a particular knowledge of every thing that was contained in the Kings Declaration they are too just to be thought by any means that they would consent to declare me the most wicked and abominable of Men and a Traitor And it is a great misfortune to the Kings service that there
should not be one who would let him know of what advantage it was to the Enemies of France that all Europe by his Majesties Declaration was perswaded that his chief Minister hindred the Peace The Spaniards can have no greater advantage than to be able to throw upon France the hatred of Christianity for the Evils which the War makes it suffer and the Allies of France will by the Kings Declaration have a right with Justice to demand reparation for the losses they have endured which amount to Millions or in case of a refusal to have a just foundation for a quarrel since it is certain that the King and State are responsible for the conduct of those who have the management of Affairs I know also that the consideration of me was not strong enough to oblige them to speak in my favour but really the Interest of the King of the State and of the Queen her self was engaged by so many other pressing reasons than what are abovementioned that it must be confessed that it was a strange unhappiness that no body should speak to them one word of it and mine is in the utmost degree since besides what I suffer in my own particular the passion I have for their Majesties and the State which can never have an end makes me feel in the bottom of my Soul the stroaks which they receive thereby You see that since the Crimes which they have obliged the King to declare me guilty of I am no more in a condition to intermeddle in any Affair wherefore you need not give your self the trouble of communicating any to me and if my Enemies have not the satisfaction to see me go to Rome they shall have the joy to see me abscond without intermedling with any thing whatever until it shall please the King to do me Justice humbly beseeching him that he would be pleased to make me Prisoner wherever he shall order even in one of the places of Monsieur d'Orleans that if I have fail'd in my Duty I may receive an exemplary punishment and to take away all difficulties that may occur by reason of the Dignity wherewith I am invested I will take it as a singular favour if I may be permitted to send a resignation thereof for I cannot now be any way useful to his Majesty in my Person I shall be very much obliged to you if you so use your Interest as to procure me this favour which I will esteem to the last degree since it may contribute to the reparation of my Honour and I also desire you for this once to excuse my Importunities Monsieur de la Castre 's Letter to Monsieur Brienne SIR SO long as my unhappiness only reach'd my Fortune and I believ'd I had no reason to fear any thing but the loss of my Place I bore my disgrace without a repining thought and easily resolved with my self to wait till a more favourable time gave me occasion of hoping better things But now that I understand that they would violate my Innocence and endeavor to ruine that little esteem I have desir'd to acquire in the Queens Opinion I must confess I have not constancy enough to bear so rude a shock without complaints You Sir who know me very well know that I was never acted by Idterest that Honor was my aim in all my Actions and that I observed its strictest rules that I might be esteemed by that person alone to whom I had devoted all my services Do you judge by this how sensible I ought to be of the Injury they have done me in representing me to her under black Characters and give me leave most humbly to beseech you to let her Majesty know that upon all occasions I will receive her pleasure with the respect I ought but on this I beg nothing but Justice If I am guilty either of any important or trivial thing against her I am the most guilty Man in the Kingdom and I passionately desire that the Parliament would examine my faults and punish them being ready upon this account to enter into Custody whenever it shall please her to prosecute me I am so sensible of my Innocence that I cannot doubt the issue nay in the despair I am at present in though the event should be fatal to me I should not apprehend it judging that I have nothing in the World to lose since the Queen hath lost the confidence she once reposed in my Fidelity I expect from the honor of your Friendship that you will do me the favour to testifie to her my sad thoughts 't is the most sensible and obliging office that He can hope from you who is SIR Yours c. The Articles and Conditions which were agreed upon between his Royal Highness Monsieur and Monsieur le Prince de Condé for the expulsion of Cardinal Mazarine in pursuance of so many of the Kings Declarations and Acts of the several Parliaments of France I. THat his Royal Highness and Monsieur le Prince are ready to lay down their Arms to return to Court to re-enter into his Majesties Councils and to contribute as much as lies in them to conclude a general Peace to settle all disturbances and re-establish the Kings Authority if his Majesty will be pleased sincerely to command Cardinal Mazarin to leave the Kingdom and banish him out of all Places under his Dominion and to remove him from his Councils and Person all his Relations and Adherents and finally that he would put in execution the Declarations that he had set forth to that purpose in such a manner◠that neither his Royal Highness nor Monsieur le Prince may have reason to believe that the publick Faith will be violated II. That if on the contrary Cardinal Mazarine by his Artifices prevails still upon the King and against the desires and opinion of all France and so much to the prejudice of those Declarations People still persevere to support him the Quality of Uncle to his said Majesty which his Royal Highness possesses obliges him to be vigilant in whatsoever relates to the good of the King and to oppose whatsoever can interrupt it during his said Majesties minority and Monsieur le Prince thinks himself indispensibly obliged to the same sentiments because he has also the honor to be of the Royal Blood and considering that they can have no security for their Persons whilst Cardinal Mazarine is Master of Affairs they have promis'd and are reciprocally obliged and engage not only for themselves but also for the Prince de Conty the Prince de Conde's Brother and the Duchess de Longueville his Sister whom Monsieur le Prince promises and engages shall ratifie the present Treaty the same time that he himself does as also for all those that are of his Party that they shall joyn their Forces and employ all their Credit and Friends to banish Cardinal Mazarine out of France and to send away all his Relations and Adherents who have declared themselves such by
de Beaufort 299 Bourdeaux besieged by the Kings Army 146 The Deputies from the Parliament of Bourdeaux conclude a Peace without communicating the Articles to the Princess of Condy. 154 The different parties in the Town of Bourdeaux 217 Brousell becomes head of that party of the Parliament called the Frondeurs 38 He is seized and carried to prison ibid. The Burgers rise and come to the Court in a tumult to ask his liberty 39 C. The Duke de Chastillon is kill'd in attacking Paris 87 The Dutch ss de Chevereuse's returning into France Her coming to the Queen 20 The Queen sends her to Dampierre 395 The Coadjutor of Paris perswades the Prince of Condy to become the Head of the Faction but is disappointed 65 He afterwards gains the Prince of Conty's Brother 66 The Arguments that were used to the Prince of Condy to perswade him to joyn with the Court drawn from the danger of the Parliaments having too much power 69 His violent carriage in the Parliament 72 He blocks up all Paris with six or seven thousand men 76 The Reasons of his difference with Cardinal Mazarin 133 His taking prisoner with the Prince of Conty's Brother and the Duke de Longueville with the manner how 137 His return to Paris after his Imprisonment 167 He being told that the Court intended to seize him leaves Paris 186 He returns to St. Maur where he keeps a great Court 190 His return from St. Maur to Paris believing himself too strong for the Court there 196 His Quarrel with the Coadjutor in the Palais 21 He makes War against the King in Guienne he is forc'd to retire to Agen. 208 His dangerous Journy from Agen to joyn his Army 210 He attacks the Kings Army his Fight with the Marshals d'Hoquincourt and Turenne 230 His return to Paris after the Victory 237 He is followed by eight or ten thousand Citizens whereof he makes use to take St. Denis 239 The Proposals he makes to the Court to conclude a Peace 244 He finding himself in a weak condition endeavors to pass from St. Cloud to post himself between the Rivers of Marne and Seine but is overtaken by the Kings Forces The Fight of Paris 261 He being overcome leaves Paris the same day the King made his Entrance into it 280 Monsieur de la Chastres Letter to Monsieur de Brienne 288 Memoirs of Monsieur de la Chastres 321 His Answer to the Queen about his disgrace sent by Monsteur de Brienne 427 The Queens Declaration to establish the Marshal de Bassempiere in Monsieur de la Chastres place 430 E. Emery Superintendant of the Finances Impost great Taxes 29 Estamps where Monsieur le Princes Army lay besieged by the Kings Forces 256 F. The French Conquests in the Year One thousand six hundred thirty five 26 K. The King and Monsieur le Prince write to the Officers not to obey Monsieur de Turenne any longer whom they heard stood ill-affected 10 The King and Queens Entry into Paris after the War 112 L. Lewis the Thirteenth consents that the most considerable of those that were disgrac'd should return to Court pag. 10 34. His death 30 370 The Duke de Longueville's retreat into his Government of Normandy 113 The Dutchess of Longueville to escape going into Normandy to her Husband perswades the Prince of Condy her Brother to break with the Court and prepare for a Civil War 180 M. The Objections that were made against Cardinal Mazarin's Governing in France 40 The Answer to them 48 Cardinal Mazarin goes himself to set the Princes at Liberty 167 He is chosen by King Lewis the 13 th to be God-father to this present King Lewis the Fourteenth and the Princess of Condy his God-mothers 358 Cardinal Mazarins Letter to Monsieur de Brienne 282 P. The War of Paris 24 The discontented go to the Parliament for reparation 31 An account of the three Parties in the Parliament 33 The Parliament declares Cardinal Mazarin an Enemy to the Government and therefore Issue out Commissions to levy Soldiers 75 The Companies of Paris voluntarily tax themselves ibid. The Fight of Paris between the Kings Forces and the Prince of Condy. 264 Q. The Queen sends Heralds to the Parliament and their Answer 84 The Queen is offered to have the Prince of Condy either kill'd or seized She refuses the first but accepts the last 183 The reason that perswaded the Queen to keep the Cordinal in the management of Affairs 375 R. The state of the Court at the Duke de la Rochefoucaults returning thither 3 He gains the Duke d'Anguien over to the Queens side 8 The Princes being Imprisoned he disposes things for a War 139 Vnder pretence of his Fathers Funeral he gets Men together and arms them 143 T. They that moved Marshal Turenne to leave the Prince of Condy's side and joyn with the King against him 198 The Marshals de Turenne and d'Hoquincourt surprize Monsieur le Princes Forces at Estamps and kill about 1000 or 1200 of his best Troops 245 ERRATA PAg. 23. l. 7. for was also sister r. by that Montague p. 52. l. 8. r. at the Feuillians p. 66. l. 16. r. of having p. 67. l. 9. r. that far from p. 75. l. 14. dele too p. 98. l 12. for yet r. that p. 99. l. 16. for which r. with p. 100. l. 6. dele they p. 105. l. 14. for and r. that p. 128 l. 23. r. with the heads p. 141. for then r. there p. 181. l. 11. for gives r. gave p. 265. l. 2. r. rue de cours p. 268. l. 21. r. Marshals p. 274. l. 1. r. au mortier p. 281. l. 12. r. Rome p. 290. l. 12. dele him p. 295. l. 14. dele having l. 17. for they r. and p. 310. l. 8. for in all r. small p. 224. l. 16. for taking r. took p. 325. l. 22. for Anet did r. from Anet p. 293. l. 17. for King r. Kingdom p. 364. for Guienns r. Guimene Advertisement THe Conclave of Physicians detecting their Intrigues Frauds and Plots against their Patients also a peculiar Discourse of the Jesuits Bark the History thereof with its true use and abuse Moreover a Narrative of an eminent Case in Physick By Gideon Harvey M. D. Physician in ordinary to His Majesty in 120. The Discourse of London or a New Discovery of the Scurvy comprizing the Nature manifold Differences various Causes Signs Prognosticks Chronology and several Methods of curing the said Disease by Remedies both Galenical and Chymical together with Anatomical Observations and Discourses on Convulsions Palsies Apoplexies Rheumatisms Gouts Malignant Fevers and Small Pox with their several Methods of Cure and Remedies Likewise particular Observations on most of the forementioned Discourses By Gideon Harvey M. D. The second Edition with many Alterations and new Additions dedicated to the Kings most Excellent Majesty Is now in the Press and will be speedily Published in 12o. The Vnsatisfied Lovers A new English Novel 12 o All three Printed for Jo Partridge at the Post-house between Charing-Cross and White-Hall
expectation she could not abandon him without failing in her Duty to the State and Gratitude to so useful a Servant Moreover that all the Favors were disposed of with the consent of the Princes and that he was so far from favoring those who were devoted to the Interests of the Court that it was a common complaint that in the distribution he had before all others consider'd the Servants of the Duke of Orleans and the Prince and that all Affairs were proposed in Council and finally resolved on there That the Accusation of his opposing the Conclusion of the Peace is but an Idle Fancy since beside the General his own particular Interest obliged him to crown a Negotiation glorious for so many great Events by a Treaty which would have Eternis'd him in the Peoples Affections but the Truth is the Spaniards always oppos'd it which he calls the Duke of Longueville and even the Princes to witness That the Expedition of Orbitel and Portolongone was the most advantageous that France could make to bring the Enemies sooner to a ready Peace because these places kept in subjection the King of Spain's States which are in Italy That the Independance which the Duke of Guise affected in Naples kept him from solliciting the Cardinal to succor him That Marshal Gassion would have establish'd a particular Covernment in Flanders very little depending upon the Court and that Monsieur the Prince never complained that he did not assist him in Catalonia and in all his Campains as much as he could That he was constrained to seek for Supplies by Edicts to furnish the Charges of the War That notwithstanding the Taxes were diminish'd and that time had but too much verify'd that this Transportation of Money into Italy was a Lye invented to Defame him as to the rest That he had managed with success enough the Interests of the Princes of Europe for Twenty years and that if the good Intelligence betwixt France and the Vnited Provinces had ceased it was by the corruption of some particular persons who had been Suborned by Money from Spain as to the Administration of the State he had follow'd Cardinal Richlieu's Maxims excepting only in the Cruelty of Punishments And that if he had been obliged to promise more then he gave it was because the number of those that serve in France is great and of pretenders yet much greater That the State was never in greater prosperity then during his Ministry and that if in the Great Expeditions the Honor of the Exeoution was due to the Generals that of the Design belonged to him that France would have yet preserv'd its Peace if every one had conspired to it according to his Duty if the People had not been drawn from their Obedience by the suggestion of Male-Contents or rather if the Parliament which ought to be an Example of Obedience had not open'd and led them the way to Rebellion That the Post he is now in hath been always exposed to the strokes of hatred and envy in all States and that it is not an extraordinary thing if they one while taxe his Ambition another while his Inability that at least he is happy in this that Calumny in its most Poysonous Design hath not thrown the least Suspition upon his Fidelity During the time of this Commotion Three things hapned which were of unlucky consequence The First was The Duke of Beaufort's escape out of the Dungeon of Vincennes where he was Prisoner from the beginning of the Regency for Reasons which are not within the compass of my Subject but because he held a considerable Place in the Wars by the Affections of the People of Paris it is not impertinent to Remark it The Second was that upon a Quarrel that hapned at Feuillians betwixt the Life-Guard and the Sergeants of the Grand Provost the Marquiss de Gesures behaved himself so as displeased the Cardinal who sent him order to retire and Charrost and Chaudenier to undergo the punishment of the Baton who refused it upon which their Offices were given to Gerse and Nouailles and thereby the Friends and Kindred of the disgraced were incensed against the Cardinal at a time when no body spared him either in Deed or Word The Third was The Imprisonment of Chavigny which deserves a particular Relation This Minister so considerable in the late Kings Reign was united with Cardinal Mazarine by their mutual Interests which is the only Bond at Court and the most certain Rule of Friendship after Cardinal Richlieu's death the King divided his Affairs betwixt them two and the Denoyers whom they ruin'd presently and remained in a strict Union till the Regency The Queen who had been Persecuted by the late Cardinal Richlieu took an Aversion to Chavigny and wish'd his Ruine Cardinal Mazarin either by good Fortune or by his Address or rather by the Interposition of my Lord Mountague and Beringhen was not only continued near her Majesty but the entire Management of Affairs conferr'd upon him Now though Chavigny expected to be greatly protected by him in his fall yet he endeavored only to mitigate it and to defend him from falling into absolute ruine because Favor as well as Love cannot endure to be divided or to admit of a Rival They devested his Father of his superintendency and himself of the Office of Principal Secretary of State only they left him the vain Title of Minister with admittance into the Council but without any Imployment or Respect This is all the Cardinal gave to his antient Friendship to the strict obligations wherein Men often play the Bankrupts in the World Chavigny nettled with this ill usage which he dissembled for five years with very much prudence design'd to make use of the present conjunctures and to be reveng'd by raising himself upon the Cardinals ruin to this end judging that Monsieur le Prince after the Battle at Lens could do what he would at Court would give Laws to the Court he declared his thoughts concerning the present state of Affairs to the Duke of Chatillion at his return from the Army whom he found dispos'd to hearken to him from a hatred he had to the Cardinal who made him languish with the expectation of a Marshal Staff but as Prudence ordinarily sleeps and unbends it self in the excess of our Passions he intrusted the same secret to Perrault but when he found that it took not as he desired he Repented of it and proved to his cost that he to whom you tell your secret becomes Master of your Liberty Perrault having reason to fear the Genius of Chavigny if he came near the Prince told all their discourse to the Cardinal who caused him to be made Prisoner by Drouet in the Castle of Vincennes whereof he was Governor This Imprisonment gave occasion to the Publick who knew not the secret to tax the Cardinals Ingratitude and his Enemies in the Parliament represented this Action in very black colors About this time they put Emery out of the
manner that he took off all the Envy that his extraordinaay Reputation might create in him by particular Honors and Respects in leaving to him the outward marks of Command Add that the Abbot de la Riviere to whom he promis'd that the Prince de Conty should not traverse his Nomination was a certain Security for his Masters Affection Monsieur le Prince left Compeigne with this good understanding betwixt them to go to his Government The Cardinal took his leave of him very well attended as if he was afraid to trust his Life with him who had ventur'd his for his preservation so frail are the tyes and friendships of the Court and the least Accidents expose them to the greatest Changes At parting he desired the Commander of Souvré le Tellier and others of the Cardinals Confidents and charged Marbille his own Servant to tell him That he could not be his Friend if he thought of this Marriage The Cardinal being vexed at the heart to see himself constrained to publish to the World a dependance so submissive as if the Will of Monsieur le Prince was the only Rule to which he must conform his Interests defended himself from it with vehemence enough alledging That having imparted this Allyance approved by the Queen and his Royal Highness to Rome and all the Princes of Italy he could not desist from it without shame and dishonor So that being ballanc'd betwixt the Reputation of the World and the fear of Monsieur le Prince he could not resolve either to break off or to conclude this Marriage but following the Genius of his own Nation which was very Ascendant in him he waited the benefit of Time In the mean while we were obliged to send out an Army into the Field to deface the Infamy of our Civil Wars and raise the Reputation of our Affairs A strong Army was set out made up of the Troops of Germany with which a Peace was just before concluded whereof Comte d'Harcourt was the General who had orders to lay Siege to Cambray This Success besides the Publick Interest was of advantage to the Cardinal who intended to re-establish himself in his ancient Lustre by a glorious Conquest with the thoughts whereof he was the more pleased because Monsieur le Prince had no hand either in the Design or the Execution also to make the Honor of it more entirely his own he went himself from Amiens where the King was to the Siege rather out of Ostentation than for any good effect that it had contenting himself to distribute some Presents of little value which served only to discredit him in the Army and expose him to their publick Railleries But his Fortune look'd upon him with an evil Eye this year Cambray was relieved and this Enterprise turned to his dishonor This Event raised the Party of Paris and revived their Violence though they were always actuated with the same Animosity against the Cardinal For he having made no endeavors to gain the Coadjutor the Duke de Beaufort Longueil and the most in credit with them they kept up notwithstanding the Peace the Peoples and the Parliaments hatred against him as quick and active as in the time of the War that hereby they might render themselves necessary at the Kings return to Paris and make their Conditions better even the Prince de Conty by the advice of Prince de Marcillac though that which was agreed upon in his favor at the Peace was fully performed forbore not to head this Party and to shew himself the Cardinals enemy that he might by this render himself more considerable Besides He being intirely devoted to the Will and Pleasure of Monsieur le Prince who by his power procured for him Danvilliers and brought him into the Council it was for their mutual Interest that he should keep up his credit at Paris during all the Storms at Court So that at this time the Kings Authority was as little respected as before the War because its only support is Fear or Admiration both which were lost and the Publick were no less violent against the Chief Minister expecting that he should become sensible of the little Power he had since he broke with Monsieur le Prince Notwithstanding as he wanted not such who by false Flatteries suggested to him that the Party of paris was baffled even in Paris it self and that his prevailed there he made a tryal thereof by Jarzè who received an affront from Monsieur de Beaufort at the Jardin de Renard wherein the Duke de Candalle Boutellier and other Persons of Quality were concerned hereupon some Challenges followed which went no further than the disarming of Monsieur de Beaufort A Rencounter which stirred up all the Fronde into an almost universal Insurrection against the Cardinal and his Partisans The the Cardinal being undeceived of all the Errors they had perswaded him into and foreseeing that how averse soever he was to it he could not prolong the Kings return to Paris who was pressed to go by the Princes and the necessity of Affairs wholly employed his Thoughts upon what might contribute to his safety with respect to the Prince de Conty and Monsieur de Longueil he engaged his Word to Prince de Marcillac to procure him the Honors of the Louvre which the greatest Families in the Kingdom enjoy He forgot no promises to the Dutchess de Monthason who had an entire and absolute Authority over the Duke de Beaufort He at this time promised the Superintendency to the President de Maisons Brother to Longueil and as to the Coadjutor he being in League with the Marquess de Noirmoustier de Laigues and the Dutchess de Chevereuse who in the Troubles returned from her Exile in Flanders to Paris the Cardinal enter'd into a Conference with her upon his account so that the Upholders of this party being cool'd by his Treaties with them were glad enough to cover the weakness of their credit which would have appeared if they had attempted to oppose the concurrence of so great a number as desired the Kings presence at Paris But the Cardinal though he stood in need of the support of Monsieur le Prince for his re-establishment yet either because he believed he could make a shift without him by the means of these new Practices or indeed because he could no longer endure the Yoke of his Obligations which he thought lay too heavy upon him kept only a civil correspondence with him during his absence treating him like a suspected Friend Monsieur le Prince to say the truth now saw the prosperities of the Court for which he was before so blindly passionate not without some regret he was vexed at the Siege of Cambray and was glad when he heard it was raised The troubles of Guyenne and Provence with the difficulties of the Kings return to Paris pleas'd him well enough and the more because he saw into the Cardinals Intentions who thought of nothing but how to surmount the
le Prince to give his consent that Cardinal Mazerin should go instead of himself with Chavigny to treat about the generall Peace and that he might return again into France after it was concluded as these Propositions were far both from the Interest and intentions of Monsieur le Prince he received them mightily dissatisfied with Chavigny and resolved from thence forward never to let him know of any of his secret Treaties with the Court to which end he sent Gourvill with an instruction framed in the presence of the Duchess of Chastillon and of the Duke de Nemours and Rochefoucault the contents whereof were as follows First that all the Negotiations which had passed that day should be null and that a positive answer was required to every point I or no it being impossible to be more moderate upon any one therefore as nothing but sincere dealing was intended he would promise nothing that he would not justly perform but then he would be secure of every thing that should be promised him It was demanded that Cardinal Mazarin might instantly go out of the Kingdome and that he should retire to Bouillon and that the power of concluding the general Peace should be conferr'd upon the Duke of Orleans and himself and that they might immediately proceed in it to which end he would yield to any condition that should be just and reasonable and that he might send into Spain to agree the place of Conference That the Council should consist of People not suspected whom they shou'd consent to that the high Treasurer should be discharged from his Office and that the Treasury should be govern'd by faithful Officers That all those who had serv'd either the Duke of Orleans or the Prince of Condy should be restor'd to their Estates and Offices Governments Pensions and Assignments which should be secur'd upon good Funds as also the Duke of Orleans and the Princes That the Duke of Orleans should be satisfied in what he should desire on his part either for himself or his friends That all the Soldiers and Officers which had follow'd the Princes should be treated in the same manner as they were before and should be in the same esteem which they had ever been That those things might be granted to the Town of Bourdeaux which they had ask'd before the War and for which they had sent Deputies to the Court That they should yield that the Taxes might be moderated in the Country of Guienne which should be sincerely consented to That the Prince of Conty might be allow'd to treat with Monsieur d'Angoulesme about the Government of Provence and that he might either give him his Government of Champagne in exchange or sell it to whom he should think fit to give him the Money for it and for the surplus of the Money that he should be assisted as it should be judg'd most convenient That the Government of Auvergne should be given to the Duke de Nemours That permission might be given to the President Viole to treat about the Place of President Au Mortier or of Secretary of State and that they should give their Words that he should be the First and that a Sum of Money should be order'd that minute to make the recompence more easie that the Breviat which the Duke de la Rochefoucault demanded like that of the Messieurs de Boulogns and de Guimené might be granted him as also the Government of Angoulmois and of Xaintonge or else the sum of Six score thousand Crowns given him besides Commission to treat for the aforesaid Governments or any other whatsoever That a Breviat should be given to the Prince de Tarante concerning his Rank the same as that of Monsieur de Bouillon's and that he shou'd be put into immediate possession of it and that they should make him satisfaction for all the losses he had sustained by the taking and raising of Tailleb urg according to the estimation that he should give in and that Monsieur Marsin and Monsieur de Dognoin should be Mareschals of France that a Patent for Duke should be given to Monsieur de Montespan That the Duke de Rohan should be restor'd to his Government of Anjou and Anger 's and have the Bridge of Cé as also the Jurisdiction of Saumeurs deliver'd to him That the Government of Berguerac and St. Foy should be given to Monsieur de la Force and the Reversion to Monsieur de Chasteau-neuf and also Monsieur le Marquis de Persan might be assur'd to be made Knight of the Order of the Holy Ghost the first vacancy and that a Breviat might be given him to that purpose as also the sum of Fifty thousand Crowns to buy him a Government to which was added a promise to lay down Arms and unfeignedly consent to all the advantages that Cardinal Mazarin should propose for his Justification and for his return in three Months or till such time as Monsieur le Prince having agreed upon every particular of the general Peace with Spain being upon the place of Conference with the Spanish Ministers should send word that the Peace was ready to Sign which he would defer Signing till Cardinal Mazarin was return'd The Cardinal gave ear to these Propositions of Gourville and appear'd very willing to consent to them either because he really intended to agree to what was propos'd or because he was willing to have the obstacles seem to come from some other but the Duke de Bouillon who was in fear that the Peace should be made without his having the Dutchy d' Albret which was to be given up to him by Monsieur le Prince as part of his satisfaction for Sedan told the Cardinal that since he believed it just to oblige the Friends of Monsieur le Prince who were his sworn Enemies he could not but think it yet more reasonable to do justice to those who had assisted him and maintain'd his interest against Monsieur le Prince and against whom he could find nothing to say rather than to the Dukes de Nemours and la Rochefoucault Marsin and others Therefore for his part he thought that having so considerable an Interest as the Dutchy d' Albret nothing ought to be concluded without obliging Monsieur le Prince to satisfie him concerning that With whatsoever intention the Duke de Bouillon offer'd these Reasons they stopt the Cardinals proceedings who sent Gourville to Monsieur le Prince to raise this difficulty but though all great affairs are subject to delays this Peace had more reason than any other because it not only depended upon so many difrent interests and regarded so many opposite Parties which endeavor'd to break it but above all because it was managed by the Prince of Condy on one part and Cardinal Mazarin on the other who though they had sundry qualities directly opposite yet still they agreed in many things and particularly to treat of all sorts of Affairs with unlimited Pretentions so that as soon as ones demand
was granted them they still believ'd it in their power to obtain more and so much perswaded themselves that all was due to their good Fortune that the ballance could not hang long enough in a just poise betwixt 'em to give them time to resolve of a Treaty and to conclude it besides many other obstacles were join'd to these it was the interest of the Cardinal de Rets to hinder the Peace because it being made without his having a hand in it and the Duke of Orleans and the Prince of Condy being united to the Court he would be left expos'd without protection then again Chavigny enraged at the ill success of his Negoation being exasperated both against the Court and Monsieur le Prince rather wish'd to see the Peace not effected than to see it concluded by any other Expedients than his own I cannot tell the conformity of Interests which was then between the Cardinal de Rets and Chavigny which made them act unitedly to oppose the Treaty of Monsieur le Prince or if either of them moved the Duke of Orleans to act in it but I have been since inform'd by one whom I ought to believe that even at the time that Gourville was at St. Germains the Duke of Orleans sent to Cardinal Mazarin by the Duke d' Anville to forbid him to conclude any thing with Monsieur le Prince for that he alone would have the merit of making the Peace with the Court and that he was ready to submit himself to the King and by that to give an example which should be follow'd both by the People and the Parliament of Paris There was appearance that a Proposition like this should be preferr'd before all the rest and to say truth whether it was for this reason or whether it was for that which I have already said of the natures of Monsieur le Prince and the Cardinal or as I always believ'd that the Cardinal was ever against the Peace and that he only made use of those Negotiations as so many snares wherein to take his Enemies In fine things in a little time grew so confus'd and were so far from coming to an issue that the Duke de la Rochefoucault was against any of his Peoples having farther concern in a Negotiation which ruin'd his Party therefore he charg'd Gourville to press the Cardinal to return a positive answer the second time he went St. Germain with order to return to more thither Besides though the Prince of Condy himself was never constantly fixt for a Peace he was continually oppos'd by the different Interests of those who endeavoured to divert it the Enemies of Cardinal Mazarine thought themselves not sufficiently reveng'd if he stay'd in France and Cardinal de Rets judg'd that an Agreement with the Prince of Condy would take away from him all the esteem he was in and expose him to his Enemies but on the contrary a War could not last but that it must either destroy Monsieur le Prince or force away Cardinal Mazarin and then he alone possessing the Duke of Orleans might by that means make himself considerable at Court and from thence make his advantage On the other side the Spaniards offer'd the Prince of Condy whatsoever they thought most capable to tempt him exposing all to prolong the civil War his nearest Relations his Friends and menial Servants buoy'd up this Sentiment by their particular Interests In fine all was divided into Cabals either to make the Peace or continue the War the most refin'd and most judicious Reasons in Politicks were by both Parties set in view of Monsieur le Prince to incline him to their side When Madam de Chastillon invited him to a desire of Peace by a more pleasing means she believed that so great a good ought only to be the effect of her Beauty and adding Ambition to the design of a new Conquest endeavoured at once to deprive the Court of the advantages of the Negotiation and triumph over the Heart of Monsieur le Prince neither were these the only reasons which produced these thoughts the Interests of Vanity and Revenge had no less a part in them the emulation which Beauty and Gallantry often brings forth amongst Ladies had caus'd an extream hatred between the Duchess de Longueville and Madam de Chastillon which though for a long time they had hid at length it broke out openly on both sides and Madam de Chastillon not only extended her Victory to oblige Monsieur de Nemours to break off all Commerce with the Duchess de Longueville with the most exasperating and publick circumstances but endeavoured also to take from her the knowledge of all affairs that she alone might govern the Actions and Interests of Monsieur le Prince The Duke de Nemours who was deeply engaged with her approv'd of this Design for he thought that he could govern Madam de Chastillons behaviour towards Monsieur le Prince and that she being able to inspire him with whatsoever sentiments she pleas'd he should govern Monsieur le Prince by the power he had over her The Duke de la Rochefoucault had at that time a greater share than any one in the secrets of Monsieur le Prince and was also in a strict Bond with the Duke de Nemours and Madam de Chastillon he knew how irresolute the Prince of Condy was about the Peace and apprehending what really afterwards came to pass that the Spanish and the Duchess of Longueville's Cabals would join together to remove Monsieur le Prince from Paris where he might daily treat without their participation he also believ'd that Madam de Chastillon's design would remove all obstacles to the Peace for which reason he perswaded Monsieur le Prince to join with her and to make her a Present of Merlou he also work'd her to manage Monsieur le Prince the Duke de Nemours in such a manner that she might keep them both and make the Duke de Nemours approve of that League which he ought not to suspect since nothing was to be acted that he was not to be inform'd of and no other use to be made of it than to advance him to the principal management of Affairs this design being fram'd and guided by the Duke de la Rochefoucault he had almost the entire disposition of it and thus all four finding equally such advantage in it it had at length without doubt found its propos'd success had not fortune oppos'd it by so many unavoidable accidents Nevertheless Madam de Chastillon appear'd at Court with all the lustre that her new Trust could give her she went thither with so general a Power to dispose of Monsieur le Prince's Affairs that it was rather taken for an effect of his complaisance to her and a desire to flatter her vanity than for any real intention of accommodation she return'd to Paris with mighty hopes but the Cardinal drew solid advantages from this Nogotiation for he gained time by it and increas'd the
their part in the Sedition and at the same time began to set the Doors on fire and shoot in at the Windows all that were within believed themselves alike utterly lost Many to evade the danger of the Fire and Shooting exposed themselves to the fury of the People there were many kill'd of all sorts and of both Parties and every one believed that Monsieur le Prince sacrificed his Friends that he might not be suspected to have destroy'd his Enemies not the least part of this business was laid to the Duke d'Orleans charge and all the hatred for it fell upon Monsieur le Prince though I believe they both made use of the Duke de Beaufort to injure those that were not of their Parties but in reality not one of them had the least design to hurt any body Howsoever it was they presently appeas'd the Disorder but could not blot out the impression that it had made in the Peoples Minds It was propos'd afterwards to establish a Council which should consist of the Duke d'Orleans the Prince of Condy the Chancellor of France and of all the Princes Dukes and Peers Mareschal of France and the general Officers of the Party where two Presidents an Monsieur should have always place from the Parliament and the Provosts of the Merchants from the City to judge definitively in all Cases Military and Civil This Council increas'd instead of diminishing the Disorder by the pretentions of taking place in it and the Consequences of it were at length as fatal as those of the Assembly in the Town-House for the Dukes de Nemours and Beaufort either had not so clearly forgot their pass'd Differences but that they still bore a grudging to each other or else by the Interests of some Ladies quarrelled for Precedence in the Council and fought on Horseback where the Duke de Nemours was kill'd by the Duke de Beaufort his Brother in Law his Death moved both compassion and sorrow in all who knew him and even the Publick had reason to lament him for besides his great and eminent Qualities he contributed all that was in his power to the concluding of a Peace for he and the Duke de la Roche Foucault had renounced all the advantages that Monsieur le Prince had engaged to obtain for 'em in the Treaty that it might be so much the more easily concluded but the Death of one and the Wound of the other gave the Spaniards and the Dutchess of Longueville's Friends all the opportunity they could desire They no longer apprehended that the Propositions for inviting Monsieur le Prince into Flanders would be disputed they dazled him with hopes and now Madam de Chastillon appear'd less charming because there was no longer that illustrious Rival to combat in her Affection nevertheless he did not at first reject the propositions of Peace though he still took his measures for War he offer'd to the Duke de la Roche Foucault the Duke de Nemours's Command which he could not accept because of his hurt so he gave it afterwards to the Prince de Tarante Paris was then more divided than ever the Court daily gaining one or other of the Parliament or People the Slaughter which hapned at the Town-House appeared horrible to all Men the Army durst not keep the Field and its quartering in Paris increas'd their dissaffection to Monsieur le Prince in fine his Affairs were reduced to the worst estate they could be in when the Spaniards equally desiring to hinder either his Ruine or Advancement that they might prolong the War ordered the Duke de Lorrain to march a second time to Paris with a body of Men considerable enough not only to put a stop to the Kings Forces but to invest them in Villenuefue St. George they also sent word to Paris that the Enemy should be constrain'd either to give Battle or to die for hunger in their Camp This hope flatter'd Monsieur le Prince who thought to draw great advantages from the event of that action though the truth of it was the Mareschal Turenne wanted no Provisions and had always liberty to retreat to Melun without hazarding a Battle which he did without finding any resistance whilst the Duke de Lorrain was at Paris and Monsieur le Prince lay sick of a violent Fever at the same time Palluau joyn'd the Forces under his command with the Kings Army after having taken Montrond in which the Marquis de Persan had been block'd up from the beginning of the War by a small number of Men commanded by the Count de Palluau but the Garison growing weak they assaulted it and took it with less resistance than could be expected from so gallant Men in one of the strongest places in the World the loss whereof ought so much the more to touch Monsieur le Prince in that it happen'd by his negligence since that in the time when the Kings Army lay toward Campaigne he might easily have reliev'd Montrond whereas his Army ruining all about Paris so much increas'd their hatred to him Though Monsieur le Prince's Distemper was violent yet it was less fatal to him than to Monsieur Chavigny who one day having been very eager with Monsieur le Prince about clearing some things went back sick of a Fever whereof he dy'd a few days after his misfortunes ended not with his life and death which ought to put a period to hatred rather seem'd to awaken it in his Enemies they imputed to him all manner of Crimes but particularly Monsieur le Prince complain'd that he had given ear to the propositions of the Abbey Fouquet without acquainting him with it though he had writ to him to do it and that he had promis'd to remit some part of the Articles which he could not consent to Monsieur le Prince also publish'd Copies of a Letter which he intercepted from the Abbey Fouquet of which I have seen the original where he sends word to the Court that Goulas would certainly perswade the Duke d' Orleans to break with Monsieur le Prince if he did not accept those conditions of Peace which were then offer'd him and some Copies that Monsieur le Prince gave with his own hand he writ Chavigny's name in the place of Goulas and so accus'd him of betraying him without giving any other Proofs than the false Copies of that Letter written by the same Abbey Fouquet with whom Monsieur le Prince treated every day and gave Chavigny an account of it I can attribute so extraordinary and so unjust a proceeding to no other cause than the extreme desire that Monsieur le Prince had to continue the War which being oppos'd by his Friends made him alter his behaviour towards them and wholly confide in the Spaniards he began from that time to take his measures in such a manner that he might depart with the Duke of Lorrain and to say truth his Conduct had made this Council so necessary that he had now no other choice to
the continual Correspondence which they kept with him when he was from the Court and Ministry of Affairs III. They promise not to lay down Arms till such time as they have obtain'd the effect of the aforementioned Article and not to give ear directly or indirectly to any Agreement but on that Condition and with an unanimous consent IV. That they will maintain and increase the Forces which they have raised as long as possibly they can and that they shall be employ'd either jointly or separately as they shall judge most fit promising moreover to take all care for their subsistance with the least grievance that may be to the People V. They promise willingly to accept all reasonable Expedients which shall be proposed to appease the troubles of the Kingdom still provided Cardinal Mazarin be removed as is specified in the second Article and to endeavor continually to establish a general Peace which is one of the chief ends of this Treaty which can find no obstacle when he is gone who has endevoured to prolong the War and that the Breaches in the Royal Family which he has been the cause of shall be made up again VI. His Royal Highness and Monsieur le Prince promise to maintain the Parliaments and all supream Societies of the King the chief Officers of State the Nobility and Gentry in all their Rights and Priviledges and to do them Justice in all their lawful pretentions and not to make any Treaty without them till such time that all the damages and losses they have sustained in maintaining this Treaty be repaired and particularly to take care that it may not prejudice the observing of the Declaration published the 22 of October 1648. and for this reason they are invited to enter into this present Union and to do their utmost endeavour to accomplish the intent thereof VII Cardinal Mazarine who still governed in effect though banished in appearance having hinder'd the general Assembly of the States which the King had promised to convoke the 8th of September last and having obliged the Deputies who met at Tours upon the day appointed to retire with shame and confusion and besides all this his Royal Highness and Monsieur le Prince knowing that he would still continue the same condition he then held and that he would endeavor to hinder by all means whatever could be expected from their meeting or that if he could be possibly brought to consent to their assembling it should be only to get them into some place whereof he is Master therefore his Royal Highness and Monsieur le Prince to remove these two inconveniences promise and engage themselves to spare no pains to obtain that they may assemble at Paris as the nearest and most convenient Town where they may act in full liberty upon which condition they declare they will submit with all their hearts their whole Interests which they protest to be no other than the Interests of King and Country to their decision whereof there shall be made a perpetual and irrevocable Edict which shall be confirmed in the Parliament of Paris and by all those that enter into this present Union VIII His Royal Highness and Monsieur le Prince neither holding for lawful nor acknowledging the Councel chosen by Cardinal Mazarine one whereof having bought his place with a vast Sum of Money which he gave to the aforesaid Cardinal they being obliged by the degree of Blood whereby they have the honor to come so near his Majesty to take care of his Affairs and to proceed in such a manner as that they may be well governed promise not to listen to any accommodation till such time as the Creatures and publick Adherents to Cardinal Mazarine be excluded the Council of State and upon condition that it shall not hereafter consist but only of such of the said Council and others as cannot in any manner be suspected to incline to him IX And because the Enemies of Monsieur le Prince are base enough to endeavour to decry his Actions by publishing that he is in League with Foreign Nations his Royal Highness and the said Monsieur le Prince declare that they will never have any Commerce or Correspondence whatever with them but only as far as what concerns the general Peace and that they will not negotiate with any Stranger Princes before it be judged beneficial for the Kings Interest and the good of the Kingdom both by the Parliament and the chief Persons that shall enter into this present Union X. And in fine that the ill intentioned and the persons most zealous for Cardinal Mazarine may not have reason to doubt of his Royal Highness and Monsieur le Prince's good intentions they have thought fit to declare expresly by this Article that they have no other design than the security of their own Persons and whether it be that the unhappy Commotions of the State will oblige them to employ their Arms for the expulsion of the said Cardinal Mazarine or that things may be accommodated by his exclusion in the manner as has been above demonstrated they will not pretend to any new model of Government but put their whole satisfaction in that which France must needs rejoice to see an end of their troubles and the publick quiet assured XI His Royal Highness and Monsieur le Prince notwithstanding judge it fit for many weighty considerations to agree together to contribute as much as lies in their power towards an Agreement for the just and reasonable satisfaction of all those who are now engaged in the common cause or who hereafter shall joyn themselves to them that they may receive effective marks of their protection This present Treaty was double signed by his Royal Highness and by the Counts de Fiesque and de Gaucourt for and in the name of Monsieur le Prince Monsieur le Prince de Conty and the Duchess of Longueville by virtue of the power that Monsieur le Prince gave them which was presently delivered into the hands of his Royal Highness by the said Count de Fiesque the two Counts were engaged and obliged themselves to procure to his said Royal Highness the Ratifications of those for whom they had engaged within a month at farthest Concluded at Paris the 24th day of January in the Year of our Lord 1652. signed Gaston Charles Leon de Fiesque Joseph de Gaucourt AN APOLOGY OR THE DEFENCE OF THE DUKE de BEAVFORT Against the Court the Nobility and the People Gentlemen WERE I as Eloquent as those who have written either for the Court or the Princes you should then have a fine Apology in favour of the Duke de Beaufort but having spent the most part of my time in Hunting or Playing at Tenis with him be pleas'd to pardon me the labor of Eloquence and allow me to go on without Interterruption in the broad common Road. To come quickly to the purpose there appear three points in my Discourse as also there were in his advice
yet his Presence his Language and his popular Air with a Conduct adroit enough gain'd him the love of the People of Paris and the rather because they thought him irreconcileable to the Cardinal for imprisoning him from which he would never change till he was necessitated by the revolution of Affairs to be reconciled unto him In the mean time the King's Army possessed all the Posts about Paris and though the Parliament were more in number yet the Generals never made an attempt to open a Passage insomuch that the Provisions came in with difficulty only by Brie for Monsieur le Prince could not put a Garison in Brie Comte Robert without dividing his Forces and had also quitted Charenton which the Prince de Conty possessed himself of fortified and put into it 3000 Men under the Command of Canleu This made Monsieur le Prince resolve to attack this Post which secured the Provisions of the Parisians and also to give terror to his Arms. Thither therefore he went on the eighth of February with the Duke of Orleans and all the Princes and Lords of the Court and committed the Assault to the Duke de Chatillon whilst he himself went to an adjacent Hill to hinder all relief from Paris The Duke executed his Orders with all the Valour possible but at the last Barricade he received a Musquet Shot through his Body of which he died the next day lamented by both Parties for his excellent qualities in the flower of his age and just upon his enjoyment of the Honours which his Services had acquir'd him The taking of this as it very much diminish'd the Honour of the Generals and Forces of the Parliament so it was lookt upon as miraculous in the Person of Monsieur le Prince to have carry'd a place in the presence of an Army and at the Gates of Paris from whence ten thousand Men in Arms came out to be Witnesses of it This Battel and those of the Bois de Vincennes of Lagny and de Brie in one whereof the young Duke of Rohan shewing himself the worthy Successor of his Father's Vertue lost his Life being all disadvantageous to the Parisians inclined them to some thoughts of a Peace which notwithstanding it was difficult to effect because of the different Interests in the Parliament which hinder'd it The number of those who were disaffected to a Peace though inferior to the other yet appeared more because they disguised their Hatred and Ambition with the name of Publick Good and Safety which is not to be found said they in an agreement with the Cardinal The more moderate durst not shew their good intentions because besides the danger in doing so they would have been eluded and it was better to stay till the minds of the people were a little wearied the strength and hopes of the Party more weakned before they declared themselves As for the People the richer sort would not expose themselves to the Multitude which having not suffered much from necessity and being animated by some People of quality was glad enough of this pretence for War and cried out against such as desired a Peace All the Generals except Monsieur de Beaufort who wholly devoted himself to an hatred of the Cardinal and love of the People whom he design'd to make use of afterwards contrived their particular Reconciliation and every one had his private Friends at Court to make his conditions better Monsieur d'Elboeuf held Correspondence with the Abbot de la Riviere from the beginning Monsieur de Bouillon with Monsieur le Prince and the Marshall de la Motthe was engaged with the Duke de Longueville who was retired into Normandy where he fortified himself with Arms Men and Money to make his Treaty more advantageous by the mediation of Monsieur le Prince As to the Prince de Conty because he had no inclinations but what his Sister inspired him with who was cruelly affronted and slandered by the injurious discourses of Monsieur le Prince about her Conduct time alone must allay these heats and the necessity of Affairs bring this Family to a reconciliation as it quickly did The Coadjutor only was the principal Promoter of this War wherein he had but too much desecrated his Character amidst Sedition and Arms which banish't from his mind all thoughts of Peace and thwarted every thing that spoke in favour of it because he found not wherewith to satisfie his Ambition On the other side the Court swell'd with good success and the glorious Warlike Actions of Monsieur le Prince expected yet greater from him and would impose too rigorous conditions on the contrary Party so that apparent necessity was a Sovereign Law which determined both Parties to a Treaty of Peace besides that Civil war being contrary to the nature of all the World every one was ready to return from his errors and animosities it being the humour of our Nation to become Dutiful with the same levity that it becomes Mutinous and to pass in a Moment from Rebellion to Obedience And now see the present occasion that was offered The King on the 20th of February sent a Herald clad with his Coat of Arms his Staff cover'd with Flower-de-Luces accompanied with two Trumpetters He came to the Port St. Honoré and said That he had three Pacquets of Letters to deliver to the Prince of Conty to the Parliameut and to the City The Parliament being advertis'd thereof determin'd not to receive or give him Audience but to send the King's Council to the Queen to tell her That their refusal was purely a mark of Obedience and Respect since Heralds were not sent but to Sovereign Princes or to Enemies That the Prince of Conty the Parliament and the City being neither beseeched her Majesty to let them know her Pleasure from her own mouth The Kings Council were well received by the Queen who told them That she was satisfied with their excuses and submissions and that when the Parliament return'd to their Duty they should experience the effects of her Kindness and that the Persons and Fortunes of every one in particular not one excepted should find there their security the Duke d'Orleans and Monsieur le Prince gave them the same assurances Many material reasons were the cause that the Court was so ready to be indulgent for besides the constancy of the Parisians the difficulty of raising Men and Money the Revolt of Gascony Provence and Normandy and of many other Cities which followed the Parliament as Poictiers Tours Angiers and Mant you must know there was yet a more pressing Motive The Prince of Conty seeing that the Army in Germany had pass'd the Rhine to come into France against Monsieur Turenne and that his Party could not subsist without a powerful foreign Aid had sent the Marquiss de Normoustier and Laigues to the Arch-Duke to invite him to joyn his Forces to the Party of Paris to constrain the Ministers to conclude a general Peace The Spaniards resolved
that time he thought it was for I am perswaded that the only desire to go to Paris and there to receive the general applause which his success in so dangerous a Journy and in obtaining so great a Victory had merited made him incline to Chavigny's Reasons who really endeavor'd to support himself by the Presence and Authority of Monsieur le Prince to possess the place the Cardinal de Rets held with the Duke de Orleans he hoped as I said before to make himself not onely equally considerable to these two Princes in perswading of them both that he was the real cause of their Union but believing that that was the easiest way to succeed in the project which he had laid with Faber therefore he press'd Monsieur le Prince to come to Paris to oppose all the Attempts that Cardinal de Rets made upon Monsieur as also to increase the good will of the Parliament who had by an Act which they made set a price upon Cardinal Mazarin's head Whatsoever esteem Mounsieur le Prince had of Chavigny's Advice he still followed it he was receiv'd in Paris with so many Acclamations and Testimonies of publick Joy that he believ'd he had no reason to repent himself of his Journy Things remain'd in this state for some time but the Army wanting Forrage about Chastillon and Mountargis and not daring either to come nigher or go farther off from Paris it march'd to Estampes where they believed it might remain some considerable time with surety and abundance of all things The Duke de Nemours was not cur'd of his Wounds when news was brought to the Prince of Condy that some of the Kings Troops commanded by the Count de Moissens and the Marquis de St. Mesgren Lieutenant Generals were marching from St. Germains to St. Cloud with two pieces of Canon with design to beat off a hundred men of the Regiment de Condy which had Fortified themselves upon the Bridge by breaking down one Arch of it this news made Monsieur le Prince get on Horseback and go thither with only those who were about him The noise of which being spread through all Paris all the People of Quality came after him to Boulogne who were follow'd by eight or ten thousand Citizens in Arms. The Kings Forces contented with Firing some few Shots with their Canon retired without ever attempting to make themselves Master of the Bridge The Prince of Condy who was resolv'd to make an advantage of this good disposition of the Citizens having given them Officers marched them to St. Denis where he heard there was a Garrison of Two hundred Swisses He arrived there just about the closing in of the Day Those who were in the Town having taken the Alarm instantly yielded it up to the Besiegers Monsieur le Prince being in the middle of Three hundred Horsemen consisting of those he believ'd the bravest and most couragious of his Party the Swisses indeavored to defend some Baracado's in the Town but being too violently press'd they retreated into the Abby where two hours after they yielded themselves Prisoners of War There was no manner of rudeness offered either to the Inhabitants or the Convents Monsieur le Prince retir'd to Paris leaving Deslandes a Captain in the Regiment de Condy with Two hundred men in St. Dennis which was retaken the same night by the Kings Forces but Deslandes retir'd into the Church where he held out three days though there was nothing in this Action very considerable in it self by any Circumstance yet it increased the Citizens affections to Monsieur le Prince and they were so much the more liberal of their praises to him as every one thought himself a witness of his Courage and of the Danger which he believed he ran on that occasion The Duke de Rohan and Chavigny notwithstanding still pursu'd their first Design and took the advantage of so favourable a juncture to make propositions of Peace they believ'd that the Court would fulfill with all sincerity those things which they knew Faber had only made overtures to them of to ingage them with the Cardinal who indeavoured to make use of them to draw the Duke of Orleans and Monsieur le Prince into that abysse of negotiations whereof the bottom was never seen and alwayes proved the means of his preservation as it was the ruin of his enemies to say truth from the very first day of Monsieur le Princes Arrival Intrigues and Cabals were received on every side and whether he was weary of maintaining so laborious a War or that staying at Paris had given him both an inclination and a hope of Peace at length he quitted for a time all other thoughts but only to seek all means to conclude it as advantagiously as he had designed The Duke de Rohan and Chavigny gave him great hopes to oblige him to lay upon them the care of this negotiation and to permit them to go with Goulas alone to St. Germains Loaded with his and the Duke de Orlean's interests it was also proposed to send the Duke de la Rochefoucault and Monsieur le Prince desired it for many reasons but he excused him in that he believed the Peace to be already concluded between Monsieur and the Court by the secret meditation of Cavigni without Monsieur le Princes having any share in it or that it would not be then concluded not only because Monsieur le Princes pretencions were great but also that the Duke de Rohan and Chavigny would secure their own whereof I have already spoken preferring it before the rest So the Duke de Rohan Chavigny and Goulas went to St. German with express command not to see Cardinal Mazarin nor treat of any thing with him Monsieurs demands consisted Principally of the expulsion of the Cardinal but those of Monsieur le Prince was of greater extent because having engag'd both the City Parliament of Bourdeaux a great number of persons of Quality in his party he made many particular treaties with them in which he engaged himself not to make any with the Court without comprehending their interests in the manner that I shall relate to you hereafter there was no body doubted of these Gentelmens success in their Journey besides there was no likely hood that a man so capable as Chavigny was and so knowing both in the Court and the Cardinal by so much experience would ingage himself in so weighty a Negotiation having managed it three Months without being assur'd of the Success But this opinion lasted not long for they found by the return of the Deputies that they had not only treated with Cardinal Mazarine against the express order that had been given them out also in stead of demanding for the Prince of Condy what was in their Instructions they insisted Principally upon establishing a necessary Councel in form almost like that which the late King ordered just before he dyed only with this addition that they should perswade Monsieur