there are 1. A Governour in Chief The Count de Pas de Feuquieres 2. A Lieutenant M. de Pimodan 4. In the Country of Verdun are 1. The Governour in Chief The Count de Vaubecourt Town and Cittadel of Verdun The Marquiss de Feuquieres Governour in Chief 2. In the Town M. des Crochets Lieutenant In the Cittadel M. de la Pornerie Lieutenant 16. In the Government of Lorrain and the Country of Bar there are 1. A Governour in Chief ............ 2. Nancy The Marquiss de Joyeuse Governour 3. Longvy M. de Matthieu de Castelas Governour 4. Saar-Loüis M. de Choisy Governour The Chevalier Perrin Lieutenant 5. Castle of Traerback near Saar-Louis M. de Bar Commander In Luxemburg and its Dependances which are placed under this Government are 1. Luxemburg taken in 1684. The Marquiss de Lambert Governour 2. Castle of Rodenac near Thionville M. de la Brugêre Commander 3. Thionville M. d' Espagne Governour M. d' Argelé Lieutenant 4. Montmidy The Marquiss de Vandy Governour M. de Haulles Lieutenant 17. In the Government of the County of Rousillon and other Acquisitions towards Spain are 1. A Governour in Chief The Duke de Noailles 2. A Lieutenant-General The Count de Chazeron The Governours of the Frontier Places are 1. Of the Town and Cittadel of Perpignan The Duke de Noailles Governour In the Town M. de la Robertiere Lieutenant In the Cittadel M. de la Caussade Lieutenant 2. Colioure The Chevalier d' Aubeterre Governour M. de Marsolier Lieutenant 3. Salces M. de St. Abre Governour M. de Manse Lieutenant 4. Bellegarde M. du Breuil Commander M. Pitoux Lieutenant 5. Mont-Louis or Mount Lewis Vrban de Fortia Governour M. de Long-Pré Lieutenant Ville-Franche M. Fisicat Governour M. Perlan de Sagne Lieutenant 6. Of the Fort and Village of the Baths or Les Bains and the Town of Arles M. de Boirre-Cloux Commander 7. Pratz de Moliou M. de la Caze Commander There is besides in Piedmont the Province Town and Cittadel of Pignerol and Forts of St. Brigitte and of Perouse with the Vallies Countries and Dependances of it of which 1. The Governour General is The Marquiss de Herleville The Lieutenant M. de Vercantiere In the Cittadel M. de la Mothe de la Myre-Rissan 2. Cazal the Capital of which is Montferrat Under the Duke of Mantua Don Pedro de Gonzaga The Governour is The Dukes Natural Uncle The Governour of the Cittadel and French Troops is M. de Catinat The Lieutenant M. de L' Isle The Commissary of War Policy c. M. de Chassenay 3. Of Morgues or Monaco Under the Prince who is Governour and Captain of it the Kings Lieutenant is M. de la Ronsiere The Ordinary General and Provincial-Commissary for the War and for the Conduct and Mustering of the Troops in Garrison at Pignerol and in all the aforesaid Places and Dependances is the aforesaid M. de Chassenay de Luynes In America 1. The Governour or Commander of New France is The Marquiss of Nonville 2. Of the Islands The Count de Blênac Towns that remain to the King by the Pyrenean Treaty made in 1659. Arras Hesdin Bapaume Bethune Lilers Lens St. Paul Terouane Pas Graveline Fort of St. Philip Sluys and Hannuin Bourburg St. Venant Landrecy Le Quesnoy and all their Bayliwicks Marienburg and Philip-ville in Exchange of La Bassée and St. Vinox which latter is since too in the French Possession Avenne Thionville Montmidy and Damvilliers The Provostships of Ivy of Chavancy of Marville Rocroy le Câtelet and Limchamp The County of Rousillon and that of Conflans and that part of the County of Cerdana on this side the Pyreneans Upper and Lower Alsatia Suntgau the County of Ferrette Brisac and its Dependencies The King after he had caused the Fortifications of Nancy to be demolished had by a Treaty of Peace restored the late Duke of Lorrain to the Possession of the Dutchy of Lorrain and to those Towns Places and Countries that he formerly possest depending of the three Bishopricks of Mets Toul and Verdun excepting Moienvie the whole Dutchy of Bar the County of Clermont the Places of Stenay Dun and Jamets and of the three Bishopricks And since that the said late Duke last Deceased Resigned to the King of France his Propriety and Soveraignty of the Dutchies of Lorrain and Bar which Donation was verified in the Parliament in the Month of February 1662. By the Treaty of Peace at Aix la Chapelle the 2d of May 1668. It is stipulated That the M. C. King shall retain remain seised of and injoy effectively all the Places Forts Parts Towns and Posts that his Arms have occupied or Fortified during the Campaign of the preceding year viz. The Fortress of Charleroy the Towns of Binch and Aethe the Places of Doway including the Fort of Scarp Tournay Oudenarde L'Isle Armentiêres Courtray Bergues and Furnes and of the whole extent of their Bayliwicks Chatellanies or Castellanies Territories Governments Provostships Appurtenances Dependencies and Annexions by what name soever they be called with the same rights of Soveraignty Propriety Rights of Regality Patronage Guardianship Jurisdiction Nomination Prerogatives and Preeminences over the Bishopricks Cathedral Churches and other Abbies Priories Dignities Cures and other Benefices within the Extent of those Countries The Fortifications of several places in which there is now no Governour have been demolished as those of Chateau-Renaut and Linchamp Donchery Damvilliers Jamets Râ—â— Corbie Furnes Armentieres Binch Sirk Moienvie Mouzon Grey Huy St. Venant c. By the Treaty of Peace concluded between France and Spain at Nimmeguen the 17th of September 1678. The Most Christian King is to injoy effectively the whole County of Burgundy commonly called the Franche Comté and the Towns Places and Countries thereon depending including therein the Town of Besancon and its District or Precinct as also the Towns of Valenciennes and its Dependances Bouchain and its Dependances Cambray and Cambresis or the Country of Cambray Aire St. Omer and their Dependances Ypres and its Castellany Warwick and Warneton on the Lys Poperinghen Bailleul and Cassel with their Dependancies Bavay and Maubenge with their Dependancies besides the Town of Dinant and in case the King of Spain be not able to obtain of the Bishop and Chapter of Liege the Cession of Dinant with the consent of the Emperour and Empire with a year to be reckoned from the day of the date of the Ratification of the Treaty of Peace between the Emperour and the Most Christian King the King of Spain obliges himself and promises to yield the Town of Charlemont to the King of France And some Villages there were to be Exchanged By the Treaty of Peace concluded at Nimmeguen the 5th of February 1679. the Town and Cittadel of Friburg in Brisgaw with the three Villages Lehn Metthausen and Kirchzart and their Banlieus or Liberties is to remain to the King of France And the passage from Brisac to Friburg is to
Of Chorolois Of Roussillon Their Wages are different There are besides several Pursuivants whose Salaries are likewise different At all publick Ceremonies the King at Arms and the rest of the Heralds are clad with their Coats of Arms of Violet-Coloured Velvet died upon Crimson set before and behind with three Flower deluces of Gold and as many on each Sleeve whereon the name of their Province is Embroidered in Letters of gold And the King at Arms Mount-joye St. Denis wears on his Coat for distinction a Crown Royal over the said Flower-deluces They wear Bonnets of Black-Velvet with a golden Hat-band and in Ceremonies of Peace they use only Buskins but in those of War they wear Boots At Funeral Pomps of Kings or Princes they wear over their said Coats of Arms long Mourning Robes trailing on the ground and bear a Staff called a Caducée covered with Blue-Velvet and Embroidered with Flower-deluces of gold They also bear every of them one of the Kings Medals about their Necks The Pursuivants are habited almost in the same manner only they bear no Staves as having no Commands themselves but being only the Aids and Assistants of the Heralds Their Office is to Declare War or publish Peace to Summon Towns to yield to assist at solemn Oaths in the general Assemblies of the three Estates at the Swearing of Treaties of Peace and renewing of Alliances at Coronations where they bestow Largesses on the People of Gold and Silver Pieces and at Funeral Solemnities of Kings Queens Princes and Princesses of the Blood They march before the King when he goes to make his Offering on his Coronation-Day They assist at all Marriages of Kings and Queens at the Ceremonies of the Knights of the Holy Ghost at Royal Feasts as also at all Christnings of the Children of France where likewise they make Largesses to the people of pieces of gold and silver And at the Obsequies of Kings or Royal Persons there are always two Heralds that wait day and night at the Feet of the Bed of State where the Body of the Deceased or his Effigies in Wax lies to present the sprinkling Brush to the Princes Prelats and others of the Quality required for that Ceremony that come to throw holy Water on the said Body or Effigies They have likewise many other Functions at those Funerals There is likewise one Judge of the Arms and Blasons of France who is likewise Yeoman at Arms in the great Stable in which latter quality he has a Salary of 450 l. yearly Secondly There are several Sword-Bearers of State who have each a Salary of 500 l. Cloak-Carriers who have 300 l. and Porte-Gabans or Felt-Cloak Carriers who have 220 l. yearly Salary Thirdly There are twelve Trumpeters called the Trumpeters of the Chamber as likewise are the Drummers of which there is a like number who have every one 180 l. and the Cromorns or of the Chamber twelve Violins Hoboys Sackbuts and Cornets at the like pay Eight Players on Flutes Tabours and Bagpipes serving two every quarter at 120 l. one Player on the Base Cromorne and Trumpet Marine and one Treble Cromorne They have all Livery-Coats and are employed at all Balls Balets and Comedies and in the Apartments of the Kings House or elsewhere where there is occasion There are also two of them in the Musick of the Chappel at present the six Cromornes are 1. The Basse-Cromorne 2. The Counter-Tenour-Cromorne 3. The Treble-Cromorne 4. The Tenour-Cromorne 5. The fifth of Cromorne 6. A Base-Cromorne Of the little Stable and first Of the first or chief Querry or Master of the Horse and of the other Querries or Gentlemen of the Horse quarterly Waiters The first or chief Querry or Master of the Horse here has the charge of the Kings lesser Stable that is to say of all the Horses Coaches Caleches running Chairs drawn by Men and Sedans that he uses upon his daily and ordinary occasions He Commands the Pages and Footmen of the little Stable and makes use of them as he pleases He takes the Oath of Fidelity to the King himself This Office is almost as antient as that of the Great Querry or Master of the Horse it self For as we find that under Charles the Seventh one Pothon de Santrailles was made Great-Querry or Master of the Horse so we read too that Lewis the Eleventh his immediate Successour had at his Coronation in 1461. one Joachim Rouauld that was his Chief-Querry or Gentleman of the Horse The present Salary of the Chief-Querry is 3000 l. and 876 l. more Board-Wages The other Querries or Gentlemen of the Horse are One Querry in Ordinary who has 1200 l. Salary upon the Establishment of the Houshold and 1765 l. at the Great Stable Board-Wages for himself and two Pages and a Pension of 2000 l. at the Treasure Royal. Twenty Querries Quarterly Waiters who have every one a Salary of but 350 l. though they are Entred on the Books at 700 l. They wait five every Quarter and are Sworn by the Great Master of the Kings Houshold The Querry that is in Waiting is to attend at the Kings waking to know of his Majesty whether he will please to ride out that day or no And if the King be to ride a Hunting and to wear Boots he is to put on his Spurs and he likewise pulls them off most commonly As soon as his Majesty has his Spurs on it belongs to the Querry in Waiting to take his Sword when he puts it off as we have already mentioned in speaking of the Cloak-Carriers The Querry in Waiting together with the Lieutenant or Ensign of the Guards eat at the old Table of the Great Master as do the rest of his Companions during their Quarters Waiting and he that waits on the Dauphin has his Diet at his Highnesses Serdeau's or Water-Servers They follow the King all the day long and enter with him every where unless it be into the Council Chamber or when his Majesty has a mind to be private in a Chamber by himself and then they wait in the next Chamber to it When the King rides abroad a Horse-back or in a Coach the Querry follows next after the Kings Horse or Coach that in case his Majesty should fall or otherwise need his help he may be ready to help him up and remount him or lend him his hand when he has a mind to alight or remount which is his peculiar Office so that when his Majesty passes through any narrow passage whether it be in Hunting or otherwise the Querry is to follow immediately after the King and to pass in those Rencounters before the Captain or Officer of the Guards himself then upon Duty The Querry likewise often leads his Majesty when he is walking Upon a day of Battel 't is the Querries Office to put on the Kings Armour At Funerals of Kings one of the Querries carries the Spurs another the Gantlets a third the Coat of Arms of France Encompassed with the Collars of
all affairs relating to War the Tax called the Taillon the Artillery the Fortifications of the said Generalities the Buildings and Royal Houses and the Arts and Manufactures of France In this Department are the Parliament of Mets the Soveraign Councils of Perpignan Pignerol Tournay Alsatia and the Provincial Council of Artois 2. M. Seignelays Department comprises The Months of January May and September and the affairs of Paris and the Isle of France and Soissonnois as far as Noyon the Countries of Orleans and Blois the Fortifications of all Maritime Places and other Places within the Kingdom the Kings Houshold the Clergy the Admiralty and Sea-Affairs Commerce both within and without the Kingdom Manufactures out of the Kingdom the Gallies the East and West-India Companies and the Company of Senegal and other Countries within the Limits of their Patents the Breeding Horses and Pensions In this Department there is only the Parliament of Paris 3. Monsieur de Chateau-neufs Department comprises The Months of April August and December and the affairs of Languedoc both higher and lower and the County of Foix High and Low Guienne as far as Fontarabie Perigort Rouerge and Quercy Broüage the Country of Aunix the Town and Government of Rochelle Ré and Oleron Tourain Anjou Maine Perche and the County of Laval Bourbonnois Nivernois High and Low Auvergne Picardie and the Country of Boulogne Normandie Roüen Caen and Alençon Burgundy Bresse Bugey Valtomey and Gex and in general all Affairs relating to the Reformed Religion In this Department are the Parliaments of Toulouze Bourdeaux Roüen Dijon and Besançon 4. Monsieur Colbert de Croissy's Department contains The Months of March July and November and the affairs of Champagne and Brie Provence Brittany Berry Limousin Angoumois Xaintonge Lyonnois and Dauphiné Navarre Bearn Bigorre the Principality of Sedan Foreign Countries and Pensions In this Department are the Parliaments of Aix Grenoble Rennes and Pau. The Months set down under the name of each Secretary of State are those in which their turn is to dispatch all Letters or Patents for all the Liberalities Gifts and Benefices granted by the King in those Months The Parliaments contained within each Department are set down likewise under them to show that the Dispatches the King sends to any of the said Parliaments must all pass through the hands of that Secretary of State in whose Department they are and that the Deputies sent by the said Parliaments or States of the Provinces therein specified to the King are Conducted to their Audiences by the Secretaries of State to whose Department they belong In the time of Henry the second for the speedier Expedition of the many Affairs of State then depending there were six Secretaries of State chosen with this Proviso that the two first Vacancies among should not be filled up In that manner were the Secretaries of State established and reduced to the number of four as they continue to this day Rules made by the King at Fountainbleau for the Establishment of a Council-Royal for his Finances or Revenues With an account of the persons it consists of and the Order kept and observed in it The King having after it had pleased God to give Peace to his People seriously consider'd the ill condition of the Revenues of his Kingdom and the Causes from whence it proceeded His Majesty being willing to prevent the same inconvenience for the future resolved upon the present Regulation and Declaration of his will and pleasure therein First His Majesty has supprest for ever the Commission of Super-intendant of his Finances or Revenues with all the Functions annexed to it And his Majesty well knowing he could no way give greater marks of his love to his People than by taking to himself the care and administration of his Revenues for the more effectual retrenching of all the abuses crept thereinto and practised till now His said Majesty has resolved to call to his assistance a Council composed of Persons of known Ability and Honesty by whose advice he will act in the said Administration and Execute all those Affairs which were used to be formerly resolved on and put in Execution by the Super-intendant alone The said Council shall be called the Council-Royal of the Finances or Revenues and shall be composed of one Chief under the Authority and in the Presence of his Majesty when the Chancellour shall not be present in the said Council and of three Counsellers whereof one shall be Intendant of the Finances His Majesty reserving to himself the power to call in the Chancellour when he shall think fit at which times he shall take Place and Precedence there according to his Dignity as Chief of all the Kings Councils His Majesty reserves to himself the Sealing and Passing of all Orders touching the Expences accountable and the Monies employed as well for private Expences or Bills remitted any where and Interest and all other Expences whatever The Books and Accounts of the Disbursement of his Revenues as well those arising from the general Receits as from the Farms Woods Crown-Lands and all other Monies of what nature soever shall be returned by the Intendant of the Finances under whose Department they shall be with his Advices and Reasons concerning the Changes fit to be made therein into the hands of the said Council-Royal who are to make report thereof to his Majesty and receive his Orders thereupon after which the said Accounts shall be passed and signed by the said Intendant and returned into the hands of him that made the Report in Order to be Signed by his Majesty and by the Honourable Persons of the said Council in such Place and Order as his Majesty shall appoint The Intendant of the Finances that shall have the Honour to be of the said Council-Royal shall have the Exchequer or Treasure-Royal under his Department and consequently shall keep the Register of the whole that shall be received or disbursed which he shall Communicate to no Person whatever without express Order from his said Majesty All Orders shall be returned into his hands to be reported to his Majesty and shall be Registred and Paraphed or marked on the sides by him and afterwards passed by the Treasurers of the Exchequer whose turn it shall be to be in Office that year The said Intendant shall take all the Accounts of the Farms of the general Receits of the Woods Crown-Lands Extraordinary Affairs and all other Receits of what nature soever in order to making a Report thereof himself to the said Council-Royal that the said Accounts may be ratified and signed first by his Majesty and then by those of the said Council-Royal All Demands that shall be made of any new Offices within his Majesties Dominions shall be reported to and resolved on in the said Council-Royal And as to all those Affairs which used to be dedebated and determined in the Council of Finances and which were customarily signed by the Lord Chancellour his Majesty will hold the said Council on
remain free to his M. C. Majesty over the Lands of his Imperial Majesty and of the Empire by the Ordinary Road called Landrass The Duke of Lorrain is thereby re-established in the possession of Lorrain excepting first the Town of Nancy and its Banlieu or Jurisdiction in lieu of which Town the King of France is to give him the Town and Banlieu of Toul which he warrants him to be of equal extent and value In the second place except four High-ways of the breadth of half a Lorrain League which shall lead from Nancy into Alsatia to Vesoul in the Franche Comté to Mets and to St. Dizier And all the Borroughs Villages Lands and their Dependancies which shall be found within the extent of the said High-ways of half a Leagues breadth with all Rights as well of Superiority and Soveraignty as of Propriety shall belong to his Most Christian Majesty Thirdly The Town and Provostship of Longui and its Dependancies shall remain to his Most Christian Majesty who yields to him in Exchange another Provostship of the same extent and value in one of the three Bishopricks Remarks concerning the Governours of Provinces The Governours and Lieutenants for the King in the Provinces are what the Dukes were formerly and the Governours of Towns what the Earls or Counts were Under every Duke there were twelve Counts and over all the Dukes there was one that was stiled Duke of the Dukes or Duke of France who was the Mayor of the Palace The said Qualities of Dukes and Counts became Hereditary under Hugh Capet who having made himself King every one of the other Great Men would needs make himself Master and Proprietour of the Government of which he was in Possession Hugh Capet to have their good will winked at this Usurpation but yet being not willing on the other side that the Royal Authority should remain always Clouded he assembled all these Dukes and made an Agreement with them by which he left them a lawful Succession to all their respective States but with condition however that for lack of Heirs Male to succeed in a Right Line or when the Possessours of them should happen to be Attainted and Convinced of the Crime of Felony they should return to the Crown They that are well read in History have without doubt remarked the return of all these parcels to their principle by the one or the other of these reasons And because the Quality of Mayor of the Palace or of Count of Paris in which the first was Confounded had served him as it had done to Pepin for a step to arrive to the Throne he supprest that too at the same time for the better securing of the Crown to his Successours The Governours and Lieutenants for the King in the Provinces have under them the Governours of Towns as the Dukes had the Counts but with this difference that the number of Governours of Towns that are under each Governour of a Province is not determined one Province having more Towns and another fewer The Power of the Governours and Lieutenants-General of Provinces is altogether like that of the ancient Dukes and Counts which is to keep in the Kings Obeysance the Provinces and Places given them in Custody to maintain them in Peace and Tranquility to have Power or Command over their Arms to defend them against Enemies and against Seditious attempts to keep the places well fortified and provided with what is needful and assist the Execution of Justice every one in his respective Government But at the beginning when these Governours were first established there were none but only in the Frontier Towns but because in the time of the Civil Wars all the Provinces became Frontier there was a necessity of placing Governours not only in the Provinces but in all the Towns Their Commissions are verified in the Parliaments of their respective Provinces in which the Governours of the same Provinces have place ordinarily next after the Chief Presidents They are only simple Commissions whose Continuation depends only of the Kings sole Pleasure though some years past there were crept in some abuses in this affair and the Governours were become as it were Hereditary Note That all the Lieutenants-General of Provinces and Lieutenants of particular Towns and Places are stiled Lieutenants for the King because they are put in by the King and have no dependance on the Chief Governour under whose Command they are CHAP. XXIX Of France as divided into Parliaments Courts judging without Appeal and other Courts of Justice 1. Of the Administration of Justice and the first Institution of Parliaments JUstice was formerly administred by the Kings themselves who render'd it in Person to their People but Affairs multiplying every day more and more the Kings were obliged to ease themselves of that Burden reserving to themselves only the Cognisance of Affairs of State And for the Administration of Ordinary Justice he established a certain Council which they called a Parliament which judged and decided all Causes and Affairs both Civil and Criminal between Man and Man and that without Appeal in which were present all the Peers of France both Ecclesiastical and Secular This Parliament followed the King in all his Voyages and consequently for that reason was in those times Ambulatory It was first Instituted by Pepin in the year 757 and was doubtless the same thing that the Privy-Council is now But at length the Kings parted with this Council in favour of their people And Philip the Fair was the first that made the Parliament Sedentary and gave them a part of his Palace at Paris to be the Seat of that August Senate which by the Integrity of its Decrees and Sentences has acquired so great a Reputation among all Nations that Popes Emperours Kings and Foreign Princes have voluntarily submitted their differences to their Judgments as may be seen by several Examples in History and among others by that of the Emperour Frederick with Pope Innocent the Fourth and of the King of Castile with the King of Portugal King Philip the Fair following the Example of his Predecessours Ordained there should be only two Sessions of the Parliament viz. At the Feasts of Easter and All-Saints and distinguisht them into two Chambers of which one because it judged of the most important matters was called the Grand Vault or Grand Chamber and the other the Chamber of Inquests or Inquiries CHAP. XXX Of the Institution of all the Parliaments of France and of the extent of their Jurisdiction with the present number of the Chief Presidents and other Counsellours THere are in France and its Dominions 11 Parliaments viz. 1. Paris 2. Toulouze 3. Roüen 4. Grenoble 5. Bourdeaux 6. Dijon 7. Aix 8. Rennes now Vannes 9. Pau. 10. Mets. 11. Besançon 1. The Parliament of Paris as we have already told you was Instituted by Pepin in the year 757 and made Sedentary at Paris by Philip the Fair in 1302. When there was but one Parliament People came thither