i_o have_v peruse_v this_o report_n and_o do_v licence_n george_n grafton_n to_o print_v the_o same_o jan._n 23._o 1689_o 90._o hen._n pollexfen_n the_o case_n of_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o city_n of_o london_n wherein_o the_o judgement_n in_o that_o case_n and_o the_o argument_n in_o law_n touch_v the_o forfeiture_n and_o surrender_n of_o charter_n be_v report_a london_n print_v for_o george_n grafton_n near_o temple-bar_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1690._o mich._n 33._o car._n ii_o in_o b._n r._n rot_v 137._o sir_n robert_n sawyer_n knight_n his_o majesty_n attorney_n general_n against_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n the_o information_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la set_v forth_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n than_o last_o past_a and_o more_o use_v and_o yet_o do_v claim_v to_o have_v and_o use_v without_o any_o lawful_a warrant_n or_o regal_a grant_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o same_o city_n the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n follow_v viz._n i._o to_o be_v of_o themselves_o a_o body_n corporate_a and_o politic_a by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n ii_o to_o have_v sheriff_n civitat_fw-la &_o com'_v london_n &_o com._n mid_a '_o and_o to_o name_n elect_v make_v and_o constitute_v they_o iii_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o the_o say_a city_n shall_v be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o hold_v session_n of_o the_o peace_n all_o which_o liberty_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n the_o say_a mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n upon_o the_o king_n do_v by_o the_o space_n aforesaid_a usurp_v and_o yet_o do_v usurp_v the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n they_o appear_v by_o their_o attorney_n and_o plead_v plea_n plea_n i._o as_o to_o their_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a they_o prescribe_v and_o say_v 1._o that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v a_o ancient_a city_n and_o that_o the_o citizen_n of_o that_o city_n be_v and_o by_o all_o that_o time_n have_v be_v a_o body_n corporate_a and_o politic_a by_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o in_o magna_n carta_n de_fw-fr libertatib_n '_o angliae_fw-la in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 9_o hen._n 3._o it_o be_v enact_v quod_fw-la civitas_n london_n '_o habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la svas_fw-la antiquas_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la that_o in_o the_o parliament_n 1_o e._n 3._o that_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n de_fw-fr assensu_fw-la prelatorum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la and_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n have_v recite_v that_o the_o same_o citizen_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n magna_fw-la carta_n and_o also_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o other_o his_o progenitor_n have_v divers_a liberty_n and_o custom_n will_n and_o grant_n by_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o the_o same_o citizen_n shall_v have_v their_o liberty_n according_a to_o magna_fw-la carta_n and_o that_o for_o any_o personal_a trespass_n alicujus_fw-la ministri_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la civitatis_fw-la libertas_n civitatis_fw-la illius_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la ed._n 3._o vel_fw-la heredum_fw-la suorum_fw-la non_fw-la caperetur_fw-la sed_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la minister_n prout_fw-la qualitatem_fw-la transgressionis_fw-la puniretur_fw-la they_o plead_v also_o that_o in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 7_o r._n 2._o omnes_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la libertates_fw-la franchesia_n &_o privilegia_fw-la civitatis_fw-la predict_v '_o tunc_fw-la civibus_fw-la civitatis_fw-la illius_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la successoribus_fw-la licet_fw-la usi_fw-la non_fw-la fuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la authoritate_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la ratificat_fw-la '_o fuerunt_fw-la then_o they_o plead_v the_o confirmation_n of_o several_a late_a king_n by_o their_o charter_n as_o of_o king_n henry_n vi_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 26_o octob._n 23_o h._n 6._o king_n edward_n iv_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 9_o nou._n 2_o e._n 4._o king_n henry_n vii_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 23_o july_n 20_o h._n 7._o king_n james_n i._o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 25_o sept._n 6_o jac._n 1._o king_n charles_n i._o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 18_o octob._n 14_o c._n 1._o king_n charles_n ii_o by_o his_o charter_n dated_n 24_o jan._n 15_o c._n 2._o ac_fw-la eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v and_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n etc._n etc._n and_o traverse_v their_o usurp_a upon_o the_o king_n ii_o as_o to_o the_o have_v elect_a make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o middlesex_n they_o plead_v that_o they_o be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a as_o well_o by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n quam_fw-la per_fw-la nomen_fw-la civium_fw-la london_n and_o that_o king_n john_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o court_n produce_v date_v 5_o julii_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la grant_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o elect_n make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o middlesex_n imperpetuum_fw-la then_o they_o plead_v this_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n confirm_v to_o they_o by_o all_o the_o aforementioned_a statute_n and_o charter_n ac_fw-la eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o make_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n iii_o as_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n being_n justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o hold_v session_n they_o plead_v that_o the_o city_n be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v a_o ancient_a city_n and_o county_n and_o the_o citizen_n a_o body_n politic_n that_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n date_v 18_o octob._n 14._o car._n i._o grant_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o london_n such_o of_o they_o as_o have_v be_v mayor_n shall_v be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o shall_v hold_v session_n &_o eo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v justice_n and_o hold_v session_n to_o this_o plea_n the_o attorney_n general_n reply_v respon_n respon_n and_o as_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a first_o take_v issue_n that_o they_o never_o be_v a_o body_n corporate_a and_o for_o this_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o country_n and_o then_o go_v over_o and_o plead_v that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n assume_v upon_o themselves_o to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o to_o have_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o convocate_v and_o assemble_v and_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o the_o city_n and_o citizen_n and_o for_o preserve_v the_o king_n peace_n under_o colour_n and_o pretext_n thereof_o but_o respect_v only_o their_o private_a gain_n and_o profit_n and_o against_o the_o trust_n in_o a_o body_n corporate_a by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n repose_v assume_v a_o unlawful_a and_o unjust_a authority_n to_o levy_v money_n upon_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o their_o own_o proper_a use_n by_o colour_n of_o law_n and_o ordinance_n by_o they_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la ordain_v and_o establish_v and_o in_o prosecution_n and_o execution_n of_o such_o illegal_a and_o unjust_a power_n and_o authority_n by_o they_o usurp_v 17_o of_o septemb_n 26_o car._n ii_o in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v make_v constitute_v and_o publish_v a_o certain_a law_n by_o they_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la enact_v for_o the_o levy_n of_o several_a sum_n of_o money_n of_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n come_v to_o the_o public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n to_o sell_v their_o provision_n viz._n of_o every_o person_n for_o every_o horseload_n of_o provision_n into_o any_o public_a market_n within_o the_o say_a city_n bring_v to_o sell_v 2_o d._n per_fw-la day_n for_o every_o dosser_n of_o provision_n 6_o d._n per_fw-la day_n for_o every_o cartload_n not_o draw_v with_o more_o than_o three_o horse_n 4_o d._n per_fw-la day_n if_o draw_v with_o more_o than_o three_o horse_n 6_o d._n per_fw-la day_n and_o that_o these_o sum_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n and_o if_o any_o refuse_v to_o pay_v then_o to_o be_v remove_v from_o his_o place_n in_o the_o market_n and_o that_o by_o colour_n of_o this_o law_n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n have_v illegal_o by_o
person_n but_o their_o master_n or_o those_o that_o depute_a or_o delegated_a they_o for_o another_o purpose_n they_o be_v innocent_a they_o shall_v not_o suffer_v by_o it_o though_o no_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v in_o the_o case_n if_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n against_o seize_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n for_o or_o by_o reason_n of_o any_o miscarriage_n of_o their_o officer_n or_o minister_n extend_v to_o these_o act_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n if_o so_o be_v that_o these_o act_n be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n yet_o with_o submission_n if_o they_o have_v show_v a_o good_a and_o legal_a right_n by_o their_o custom_n and_o title_n to_o make_v by-law_n for_o regulate_v and_o settle_v the_o market_n and_o toll_n and_o that_o which_o they_o have_v do_v be_v as_o plead_v reasonable_a and_o that_o there_o be_v reasonable_a ground_n at_o that_o time_n for_o their_o petition_n which_o they_o have_v set_v forth_o if_o all_o these_o particular_n that_o i_o have_v now_o sum_v up_o be_v against_o i_o than_o judgement_n must_v be_v against_o i_o though_o i_o know_v not_o what_o that_o judgement_n can_v be_v but_o if_o any_o one_o of_o these_o particular_n thus_o repeat_v be_v for_o i_o and_o against_o mr._n attorney_n then_o mr._n attorney_n can_v have_v no_o judgement_n against_o the_o city_n but_o judgement_n must_v be_v for_o they_o which_o i_o humble_o pray_v the_o next_o term_n viz._n trin._n 35_o c._n 2._o ch._n just_o saunders_n die_v the_o day_n of_o the_o judgement_n give_v or_o the_o next_o day_n after_o mr._n just_o jones_n justiniano_n raymond_n and_o just_o withens_o be_v in_o court_n justiniano_n jones_n pronounce_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n and_o just_o raymond_n and_o just_o withens_o affirm_v that_o ch._n justiniano_n saunders_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o they_o and_o that_o they_o all_o agree_v 1._o that_o a_o corporation_n aggregate_v may_v be_v seize_v that_o the_o stat._n 28_o e._n 3._o c._n 10._o be_v express_v that_o the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n upon_o such_o default_n shall_v be_v take_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o that_o body_n politic_a may_v offend_v and_o be_v pardon_v appear_v by_o the_o general_a article_n of_o pardon_n 12_o c._n 2._o whereby_o corporation_n be_v pardon_v all_o crime_n and_o offence_n and_o the_o act_n for_o regulate_a corporation_n 13_o c._n 2._o which_o provide_v that_o no_o corporation_n shall_v be_v avoid_v for_o any_o thing_n by_o they_o misdo_v or_o omit_v to_o be_v do_v show_v also_o that_o their_o charter_n may_v be_v avoid_v for_o thing_n by_o they_o misdo_v or_o omit_v to_o be_v do_v 2._o that_o exact_v and_o take_v money_n by_o the_o pretend_a by-law_n be_v extortion_n and_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o corporation_n 3._o that_o the_o petition_n be_v scandalous_a and_o libellous_a and_o the_o make_n and_o publish_v it_o a_o forfeiture_n 4._o that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n 5._o that_o the_o matter_n set_v forth_o in_o the_o record_n do_v not_o excuse_v or_o avoid_v those_o forfeiture_n set_v forth_o in_o the_o replication_n 6._o that_o the_o information_n be_v well_o found_v and_o give_v judgement_n that_o the_o franchise_n shall_v be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n but_o the_o entry_n thereof_o respite_v till_o the_o king_n pleasure_n be_v know_v in_o it_o just_a raymond_n and_o justiniano_n withens_o declare_v that_o they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n in_o omnibus_fw-la and_o according_o after_o entry_n make_v by_o mr._n attorney_n that_o as_o to_o the_o issue_n join_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o country_n as_o to_o the_o claim_v to_o have_v and_o constitute_v sheriff_n as_o to_o the_o have_v the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n to_o be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o to_o hold_v session_n quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la pro_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la ulterius_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la prosequi_fw-la judgement_n be_v enter_v ideo_fw-la consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la prefat_n '_o major_n &_o communitas_fw-la ac_fw-la cives_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o lond_n '_o as_o to_o the_o issue_n aforesaid_a betwixt_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o they_o join_v and_o as_o to_o the_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n aforesaid_a by_o they_o claim_v to_o have_v and_o elect_a sheriff_n and_o to_o have_v their_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n to_o be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o hold_v session_n eant-inde_a sine_fw-la die_fw-la salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la dom._n regis_fw-la si_fw-la al'_fw-it etc._n etc._n et_fw-la quoad_fw-la dictas_fw-la separale_n materias_fw-la in_o lege_fw-la unde_fw-la tam_fw-la pred'_fw-fr att_n '_o gen_n '_o quam_fw-la pred'_fw-fr major_n &_o communitas_fw-la &_o cives_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o pred'_fw-fr posuerunt_fw-la se_fw-la in_o judicium_fw-la curiae_fw-la the_o court_n advise_v till_o trinity_n term_n and_o then_o pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la videtur_fw-la curiae_fw-la hic_fw-la quod_fw-la prefat_n '_o major_n &_o communitas_fw-la ac_fw-la cives_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o pred'_fw-fr forisfecerunt_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la nunc_fw-la libertat_fw-la '_o privileg_n '_o &_o franche_n pred'_fw-fr ob_fw-la causas_fw-la in_o replicacon_n '_o prefat_n '_o attorn_a '_o gen_n '_o superius_fw-la specificat_fw-la '_o quod_fw-la placita_fw-la prefat_n '_o major_n '_o &_o communitat_fw-la '_o ac_fw-la civium_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o pred'_fw-fr superius_fw-la rejungendo_fw-la &_o repellando_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la parte_fw-la placitat_fw-la '_o materiaque_fw-la in_fw-la iisd_v '_o content_a '_o minus_fw-la sufficien_fw-fr '_o &_o invalid_a '_o in_o league_n existunt_fw-la ad_fw-la precludend_n '_o dict'_v dom_n '_o reg_n '_o a_o forisfactura_fw-la pred'_fw-fr aut_fw-la ad_fw-la major_n '_o &_o communitat_fw-la '_o ac_fw-la cives_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o pred'_fw-fr ad_fw-la clamand_n '_o libertat_fw-la '_o privileg_n '_o &_o franche_n pred'_fw-fr sibi_fw-la allocand_a '_o &_o adjudicand_a '_o manutenend_v '_o maturaque_fw-la deliberacione_fw-la superinde_v prius_fw-la habit_n '_o considerate_a '_o est_fw-fr qd_n '_o libertat_fw-la '_o privileg_n '_o &_o franche_n pred'_o sore_a de_fw-fr seipsis_fw-la unum_fw-la corpus_fw-la corporat_fw-la '_o &_o politic_a '_o in_o re_fw-mi facto_fw-la &_o nomine_fw-la per_fw-la nomen_fw-la majoris_fw-la communitatis_fw-la &_o civium_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o lond_n '_o ac_fw-la per_fw-la idem_fw-la nomen_fw-la placitare_fw-la &_o implacitari_fw-la respondere_fw-la &_o responderi_fw-la per_fw-la eosd_v '_o majorem_fw-la &_o communitatem_fw-la ac_fw-la cives_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o london_n pred'_fw-fr superius_fw-la clamat_fw-la '_o capiantur_fw-la &_o seisiantur_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la prefat_n '_o major_n &_o communitas_fw-la ac_fw-la cives_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o lond_n '_o pred'_n capiantur_fw-la ad_fw-la satisfaciend_n '_o dict'_v dom_n '_o reg_n '_o the_o fine_a svo_fw-la pro_fw-la usurpatione_fw-la libertat_fw-la '_o privileg_n '_o &_o franche_n predict_v '_o postscript_n the_o question_n concern_v the_o surrender_n of_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a not_o be_v direct_o in_o the_o case_n but_o in_o the_o argument_n on_o both_o side_n insist_v on_o it_o may_v not_o be_v unnecessary_a to_o state_n that_o point_n and_o collect_v what_o have_v be_v in_o the_o debate_n or_o argument_n allege_v on_o either_o side_n that_o the_o easy_a view_n and_o judgement_n may_v be_v make_v of_o it_o by_o surrender_v in_o this_o question_n be_v by_o both_o side_n mean_v and_o intend_v some_o deed_n or_o instrument_n in_o writing_n whereby_o a_o body_n corporate_a or_o politic_a can_v surrender_v and_o dissolve_v itself_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o a_o body_n politic_a may_v be_v dissolve_v either_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o person_n incorporate_v or_o their_o refuser_n to_o act_v nominate_v or_o elect_a officer_n or_o minister_n so_o as_o there_o remain_v not_o sufficient_a authorize_v or_o enable_v by_o their_o charter_n or_o constitution_n to_o preserve_v their_o be_v this_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v a_o cess_a or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o yield_v up_o or_o surrender_v be_v admit_v possible_a but_o whether_o by_o any_o deed_n or_o instrument_n in_o write_v it_o can_v be_v do_v that_o be_v the_o question_n intend_v for_o the_o surrender_n it_o have_v be_v allege_v 1._o that_o the_o be_v of_o a_o body_n politic_a be_v a_o liberty_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n that_o have_v its_o commencement_n by_o the_o king_n charter_n or_o by_o prescription_n which_o suppose_v a_o charter_n and_o if_o it_o have_v its_o beginning_n and_o creation_n by_o charter_n which_o be_v the_o king_n deed_n that_o grant_v it_o by_o deed_n again_o it_o may_v be_v regranted_a and_o surrender_v and_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n unumquodque_fw-la dissolvi_fw-la potest_fw-la eod_n '_o modo_fw-la quo_fw-la ligatur_fw-la and_o instance_n in_o fair_n market_n leet_n and_o such_o like_a franchise_n grant_v by_o charter_n which_o say_v they_o may_v be_v surrender_v by_o deed_n or_o
the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n next_o after_o the_o make_v this_o ordinance_n receive_v divers_a great_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o all_o amount_v to_o 5000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o oppression_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o further_o that_o whereas_o a_o session_n of_o parliament_n be_v hold_v by_o prorogation_n and_o continue_v to_o the_o 10_o of_o january_n 32_o car._n ii_o and_o then_o prorogue_v to_o the_o 20_o of_o january_n than_o next_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n 13_o jan._n 32_o car._n ii_o in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v unlawful_o malicious_o advise_o and_o seditious_o and_o without_o any_o lawful_a authority_n assume_v upon_o themselves_o ad_fw-la censendum_fw-la &_o judicandum_fw-la dictum_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o prorogationem_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la per_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la sic_fw-la fact_n '_o and_o then_o and_o there_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v do_v give_v their_o vote_n and_o order_n that_o a_o certain_a petition_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o common_a council_n assemble_v to_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v exhibit_v in_o which_o say_v petition_n be_v contain_v that_o by_o the_o prorogation_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o make_v necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o protestant_a subject_n have_v receive_v interruption_n and_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n in_o the_o same_o common_a council_n assemble_v do_v unlawful_o malicious_o advise_o and_o seditious_o and_o with_o intention_n that_o the_o say_a petition_n shall_v be_v disperse_v among_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o induce_v a_o opinion_n in_o they_o that_o the_o say_a king_n by_o prorogue_v the_o parliament_n have_v obstruct_v the_o public_a justice_n and_o to_o incite_v the_o king_n subject_n to_o hatred_n of_o the_o king_n person_n and_o government_n and_o to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v order_n that_o the_o say_a petition_n shall_v be_v print_v and_o the_o same_o be_v print_v according_o to_o the_o intent_n and_o purpose_n aforesaid_a by_o which_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n aforesaid_a the_o privilege_n liberty_n and_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a do_v forfeit_v and_o afterward_o by_o the_o time_n in_o the_o information_n that_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n do_v usurp_v upon_o the_o king_n et_fw-la hoc_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o as_o to_o the_o other_o two_o plea_n viz._n the_o make_n and_o have_v sheriff_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n the_o attorney_n general_n imparles_n to_o mich._n term._n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n rejoynder_n rejoynder_n as_o to_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o attorney_n general_n plead_v in_o assign_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o be_v a_o body_n politic_n and_o corporate_a protestando_fw-la that_o those_o plea_n by_o the_o attorney_n plead_v and_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o same_o contain_v be_v insufficient_a in_o the_o law_n to_o forejudge_v or_o exclude_v the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n from_o be_v a_o corporation_n protestando_fw-la etiam_fw-la that_o no_o act_n or_o deed_n or_o by-law_n make_v by_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n be_v the_o act_n or_o deed_n of_o the_o body_n corporate_a protestando_fw-la etiam_fw-la that_o they_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n never_o take_v upon_o they_o any_o unlawful_a or_o unjust_a authority_n to_o tax_n the_o king_n subject_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n or_o do_v ever_o levy_v or_o exact_v from_o the_o king_n subject_n come_v to_o market_n such_o yearly_a sum_n as_o in_o the_o replication_n be_v allege_v for_o plea_n say_v that_o london_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o england_n and_o very_o populous_a &_o celeberrimum_fw-la emporium_n totius_fw-la europae_n that_o there_o be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v divers_a public_a market_n for_o provision_n and_o merchandise_n within_o the_o say_a city_n to_o be_v sell_v that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o yet_o be_v seize_v of_o these_o market_n in_o fee_n and_o by_o all_o the_o say_a time_n at_o their_o own_o cost_v and_o expense_n have_v provide_v and_o have_v accustom_v and_o aught_o to_o provide_v at_o their_o own_o cost_n place_n for_o the_o hold_v the_o say_a market_n and_o stall_n and_o stand_v and_o other_o accommodation_n for_o person_n bring_v provision_n and_o merchandise_n to_o the_o say_a market_n and_o supervisor_n and_o other_o officer_n for_o the_o better_a preserve_n and_o order_v the_o say_a market_n and_o of_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o person_n come_v to_o the_o same_o and_o for_o the_o sustain_n and_o support_v of_o the_o say_a cost_n and_o expense_n by_o all_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a have_v have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v reasonable_a toll_n rate_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n of_o person_n come_v to_o the_o say_a market_n for_o their_o stall_n stand_n and_o other_o accommodation_n by_o they_o for_o the_o better_a expose_v their_o commodity_n have_v and_o enjoy_v they_o further_o say_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o freeman_n of_o london_n be_v very_o numerous_a viz._n 50000_o and_o more_o that_o within_o the_o say_a city_n there_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n a_o common_a council_n assemble_v as_o often_o as_o necessary_a consist_v of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o of_o certain_a of_o the_o citizen_n not_o exceed_v 250_o person_n thereto_o annual_o elect_v call_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o say_a city_n that_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n within_o the_o say_a city_n for_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n to_o make_v by-law_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o regulation_n and_o government_n of_o the_o public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n that_o these_o liberty_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n be_v confirm_v by_o magna_n carta_n and_o the_o other_o statute_n in_o the_o plea_n abovemention_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o city_n in_o septemb_n 1666._o and_o the_o alteration_n in_o the_o market-house_n and_o place_n thereby_o occasion_v for_o the_o establish_n and_o resetle_v the_o market_n within_o the_o city_n 17_o septemb_n 26_o car._n two_o the_o then_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o in_o common_a council_n assemble_v according_a to_o the_o say_a custom_n for_o the_o better_a regulation_n of_o the_o say_a market_n do_v make_v and_o publish_v a_o ordinance_n entitle_v a_o act_n for_o the_o settlement_n and_o well-ordering_a the_o public_a market_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n by_o which_o say_v ordinance_n recite_v that_o for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o the_o market_n people_n with_o stall_n shelter_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o their_o stand_v in_o the_o market_n and_o for_o the_o amendment_n pave_v and_o cleanse_v the_o market-place_n and_o for_o the_o support_n and_o defray_v the_o incident_a charge_n thereof_o there_o have_v be_v always_o certain_a reasonable_a rate_n and_o duty_n pay_v for_o the_o same_o and_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o say_v rate_n may_v be_v ascertain_v and_o make_v public_a to_o all_o market-people_n and_o the_o collector_n restrain_v from_o exact_v it_o be_v enact_v and_o ordain_v by_o the_o say_a common-council_n that_o the_o rate_n and_o sum_n in_o the_o replication_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n or_o upon_o refusal_n to_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o market_n and_o they_o aver_v that_o these_o be_v all_o the_o rate_n or_o duty_n pay_v and_o be_v reasonable_a sum_n to_o be_v pay_v and_o these_o they_o have_v demand_v and_o receive_v for_o the_o use_n and_o purpose_n aforesaid_a as_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o do_v as_o to_o the_o other_o matter_n allege_v by_o the_o attorney_n general_n in_o assign_v the_o forfeiture_n they_o say_v that_o within_o this_o kingdom_n viz._n at_o the_o parish_n of_o st._n michael_n bassishaw_o london_n there_o be_v a_o execrable_a plot_n and_o conspiracy_n prosecute_v by_o papist_n to_o destroy_v the_o king_n and_o to_o subvert_v the_o ancient_a government_n and_o suppress_v the_o true_a religion_n in_o this_o kingdom_n establish_v that_o sir_n edmundbury_n godfrey_n take_v examination_n of_o witness_n and_o information_n of_o the_o same_o and_o also_o of_o the_o burn_a of_o london_n by_o the_o papist_n that_o divers_a of_o these_o conspirator_n have_v lie_v in_o wait_n for_o he_o and_o murder_v he_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o suppress_v his_o examination_n and_o to_o deter_v other_o magistrate_n from_o act_v in_o the_o discovery_n that_o green_n and_o other_o be_v try_v and_o hang_v for_o this_o murder_n that_o coleman_n and_o other_o be_v also_o try_v and_o execute_v for_o the_o same_o conspiracy_n that_o william_n lord_n powis_n
corporation_n authorise_v the_o levy_n of_o war_n under_o their_o common_a seal_n shall_v be_v affect_v by_o it_o in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n they_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o law_n in_o that_o capacity_n only_o and_o must_v suffer_v in_o that_o capacity_n only_o and_o the_o consequence_n of_o that_o be_v they_o be_v discharge_v in_o their_o private_a capacity_n and_o this_o be_v a_o law_n of_o indemnity_n and_o protection_n for_o all_o crime_n for_o a_o man_n can_v be_v liable_a two_o way_n for_o treason_n or_o felony_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n if_o he_o be_v not_o liable_a in_o his_o private_a he_o be_v in_o his_o public_a capacity_n if_o not_o in_o his_o public_a he_o be_v in_o his_o private_a and_o what_o be_v the_o consequence_n of_o that_o this_o be_v a_o dispensation_n for_o a_o corporation_n meet_v together_o in_o a_o body_n to_o do_v any_o illegal_a thing_n or_o to_o commit_v any_o enormous_a crime_n for_o the_o king_n counsel_n say_v this_o we_o be_v responsible_a for_o it_o in_o our_o politic_a capacity_n and_o what_o execution_n can_v then_o be_v do_v to_o punish_v that_o corporation_n with_o such_o a_o punishment_n as_o the_o law_n inflict_v that_o be_v imprisonment_n or_o death_n any_o more_o than_o upon_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n bring_v against_o they_o upon_o a_o bond_n and_o non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la plead_v and_o find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n they_o can_v be_v imprison_v and_o the_o like_a so_o that_o this_o shall_v protect_v and_o shelter_v they_o in_o the_o commission_n of_o any_o capital_a offence_n for_o if_o they_o be_v to_o suffer_v for_o it_o as_o a_o corporation_n you_o must_v take_v judgement_n against_o they_o as_o the_o law_n give_v it_o and_o how_o will_v that_o be_v do_v against_o a_o invisible_a body_n what_o will_v be_v the_o execution_n against_o the_o corpus_fw-la politicum_fw-la that_o can_v neither_o see_v nor_o be_v see_v i_o think_v this_o mighty_a plain_a and_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o wonder_v how_o it_o can_v ever_o enter_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o any_o man_n that_o a_o corporation_n can_v commit_v a_o corporate_a crime_n i_o have_v as_o it_o become_v i_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o my_o place_n and_o before_o that_o for_o my_o own_o learning_n read_v stamford_n plea_n of_o the_o crown_n my_o lord_n coke_n four_o institutes_n poulton_n de_fw-fr pace_n regni_fw-la my_o lord_n hales_n plea_n of_o the_o crown_n dalton_n justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o other_o book_n of_o that_o subject_a but_o i_o defy_v any_o man_n to_o show_v i_o in_o any_o of_o those_o treatise_n concern_v criminal_a matter_n any_o resolution_n that_o ever_o a_o corporation_n that_o can_v be_v concern_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v bring_v before_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o proceed_v against_o upon_o any_o law_n for_o treason_n or_o felony_n or_o be_v hang_v in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n my_o lord_n i_o shall_v conclude_v all_o my_o discourse_n of_o this_o kind_n and_o i_o have_v almost_o do_v because_o i_o perceive_v i_o encroach_v upon_o your_o patience_n with_o a_o observation_n i_o have_v make_v upon_o the_o 19_o h._n 7._o c._n and_o and_z it_o be_v the_o statute_n that_o make_v provision_n against_o corporation_n that_o make_v by-law_n against_o the_o prerogative_n that_o statute_n say_v that_o some_o corporation_n do_v so_o now_o a_o high_a offence_n than_o that_o sure_o can_v well_o be_v describe_v and_o there_o that_o law_n say_v that_o those_o that_o do_v so_o that_o make_v such_o by-law_n against_o the_o prerogative_n shall_v forfeit_v for_o so_o do_v for_o every_o offence_n forty_o pound_n unless_o they_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n and_o chief_a justice_n or_o any_o three_o of_o they_o now_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v this_o statute_n make_v if_o the_o make_n of_o a_o ill_a by-law_n and_o worse_o can_v be_v than_o a_o by-law_n against_o the_o king_n prerogative_n shall_v be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n how_o vain_o do_v the_o king_n and_o parliament_n employ_v themselves_o to_o make_v a_o statute_n that_o a_o corporation_n shall_v forfeit_v 40_o l._n for_o such_o a_o offence_n no_o man_n will_v say_v they_o have_v rather_o take_v that_o penalty_n than_o another_o when_o they_o may_v have_v a_o great_a if_o a_o great_a can_v be_v have_v by_o law_n if_o they_o may_v have_v have_v a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la and_o thereby_o destroy_v the_o corporation_n sure_o they_o will_v not_o have_v stand_v for_o the_o penalty_n of_o 40_o l._n for_o they_o may_v easy_o have_v get_v more_o money_n no_o they_o may_v have_v say_v we_o will_v never_o pass_v it_o by_o unless_o you_o will_v give_v we_o 4000_o l._n or_o a_o far_o great_a sum_n nor_o shall_v you_o have_v your_o corporation_n again_o without_o you_o give_v we_o a_o considerable_a recompense_n for_o it_o and_o when_o the_o process_n and_o the_o proceed_n be_v so_o expeditious_a and_o easy_a to_o come_v at_o it_o in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la as_o it_o be_v easy_a in_o those_o day_n why_o shall_v they_o put_v the_o king_n to_o the_o delay_n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o so_o small_a a_o penalty_n as_o 40_o l._n so_o that_o i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o direct_a judgement_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o that_o case_n that_o no_o corporation_n shall_v or_o can_v be_v forfeit_v for_o the_o make_n of_o any_o by-law_n that_o be_v irregular_a though_o it_o be_v even_o against_o the_o king_n prerogative_n but_o to_o hasten_v to_o a_o conclusion_n i_o have_v all_o this_o while_n my_o lord_n suppose_a that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n have_v do_v this_o but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o this_o be_v not_o the_o act_n of_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n it_o be_v not_o the_o two_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o corporation_n it_o be_v but_o the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n and_o we_o have_v distinguish_v ourselves_o by_o plead_v that_o it_o do_v not_o consist_v of_o above_o 250_o when_o the_o city_n contain_v above_o 50000._o i_o must_v confess_v the_o council_n be_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o much_o in_o law_n as_o be_v see_v in_o warren_n case_n 2_o crook_n 540._o &_o 2_o roll_n 112._o warren_n be_v one_o of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o coventry_n and_o displace_v sue_v out_o a_o writ_n of_o restitution_n and_o upon_o that_o writ_n it_o be_v return_v that_o by_o custom_n the_o city_n may_v place_v and_o displace_v ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la they_o there_o hold_v that_o the_o custom_n be_v good_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o of_o a_o freeman_n or_o alderman_n because_o he_o have_v a_o fréehold_n but_o a_o common_a council_n be_v a_o thing_n collateral_a to_o a_o corporation_n and_o the_o office_n of_o a_o common_a council_n be_v nothing_o but_o only_a to_o give_v assistance_n and_o advice_n which_o they_o may_v refuse_v at_o their_o pleasure_n in_o estwick_n case_n in_o style_n 32._o &_o 2_o roll_n 456._o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o place_n méer_o by_o custom_n and_o that_o the_o common_a council_n be_v proper_o but_o only_o a_o court_n of_o advice_n and_o my_o lord_n you_o shall_v never_o intend_v more_o than_o that_o they_o be_v a_o court_n of_o advice_n all_o the_o rise_v of_o their_o power_n be_v but_o by_o custom_n and_o that_o custom_n be_v plead_v to_o give_v advice_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o city_n and_o make_v by-law_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o corporation_n and_o that_o be_v confess_v by_o the_o demurrer_n and_o you_o shall_v intend_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v open_v in_o the_o plead_n and_o then_o it_o be_v evident_a this_o be_v do_v by_o a_o very_a small_a part_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n and_o that_o do_v no_o way_n affect_v the_o whole_a corporation_n sure_a in_o james_n baggs_n case_n 1_o roll_n fol_z 226._o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o a_o patent_n be_v procure_v by_o some_o person_n of_o a_o corporation_n and_o the_o great_a part_n do_v not_o assent_v to_o it_o that_o shall_v not_o bind_v a_o corporation_n and_o if_o so_o be_v a_o charter_n seal_v and_o send_v by_o the_o king_n because_o not_o accept_v in_o pais_fw-fr by_o the_o great_a party_n bound_v not_o shall_v a_o act_n do_v by_o a_o few_o and_o a_o act_n do_v that_o tend_v to_o a_o forfeiture_n bound_v the_o whole_a in_o point_n of_o their_o be_v there_o be_v no_o ground_n to_o say_v that_o the_o common_a council_n represent_v the_o city_n no_o more_o than_o a_o council_n do_v his_o client_n or_o a_o attorney_n his_o master_n only_o as_o far_o as_o be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o city_n they_o be_v choose_v and_o entrust_v to_o make_v by-law_n if_o they_o offend_v they_o be_v but_o minister_n and_o officer_n and_o so_o they_o be_v within_o the_o statute_n of_o
9_o 21_o e._n 4._o 13._o co._n 10_o rep._n sutton_n hospital_n case_n that_o corporation_n have_v be_v dissolve_v 1_o inst_z 13._o 2_o inst_z 431_o 432._o co._n 3_o rep._n dean_n and_o chapt._n the_o norwich_n case_n that_o corporation_n may_v be_v surrender_v be_v plain_a from_o the_o case_n of_o heyward_n and_o fulcher_n jones_n palm_n 506._o that_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o franchise_n may_v be_v seize_v be_v the_o same_o for_o which_o they_o be_v forfeit_v as_o for_o non-use_a or_o abuser_n and_o therefore_o forfeiture_n and_o seizure_n alike_o for_o contempt_n of_o the_o king_n the_o court_n may_v seize_v the_o liberty_n of_o a_o town_n 2_o e._n 4._o 5._o case_n de_fw-fr bailiff_n de_fw-fr reading_n 15_o e._n 4._o 6._o seizure_n of_o liberty_n for_o not_o appearance_n and_o if_o not_o replevy_v the_o same_o eyre_n they_o be_v forfeit_v this_o show_v that_o the_o same_o default_n that_o give_v seizure_n give_v forfeiture_n a_o seizure_n by_o award_n of_o a_o court_n before_o judgement_n be_v but_o quousque_fw-la and_o the_o court_n may_v restore_v but_o a_o seizure_n after_o judgement_n be_v final_a and_o the_o court_n then_o can_v grant_v restitution_n 5_o e._n 4._o 7._o where_o the_o liberty_n be_v usurp_v and_o gain_v by_o tort_n there_o the_o judgement_n must_v be_v a_o ouster_n but_o otherwise_o where_o the_o liberty_n be_v once_o of_o right_n but_o forfeit_v by_o abuser_n there_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v it_o case_n de_fw-fr new_a malton_n judgement_n there_o be_v only_o a_o seizure_n case_n de_fw-fr cusack_n judgement_n fuit_fw-la penitus_fw-la excludatur_fw-la because_o usurp_v and_o no_o title_n by_o the_o seizure_n the_o king_n be_v in_o the_o possession_n sir_n g._n reynel_n case_n co._n rep._n and_o the_o corporation_n can_v act_v during_o such_o seizure_n for_o they_o have_v not_o their_o mayor_n or_o officer_n by_o which_o they_o can_v act_v and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o petition_v to_o be_v restore_v in_o e._n 1._o ad_fw-la pristinum_fw-la statum_n roll_n abridgement_n prerog_n 204._o 2_o e._n 4._o 27._o 1_o institutes_n 253._o 15_o h._n 3._o rot._n cl._n memb._n 2._o village_n of_o hereford_n seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n quousque_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o the_o seizure_n the_o corporation_n est_fw-fr civiliter_fw-la mortua_fw-la and_o can_v act_v corporation_n be_v institute_v for_o a_o particular_a end_n viz._n for_o good_a government_n and_o order_n they_o be_v as_o a_o office_n erect_v and_o the_o actor_n officer_n to_o that_o purpose_n all_o office_n have_v a_o condition_n in_o law_n incident_a to_o they_o to_o be_v forfeit_v for_o abuser_n or_o mal-use_a co._n rep._n 8._o 44._o co._n rep._n 9_o earl_n of_o shrewsburies_n case_n and_o by_o the_o same_o law_n corporation_n forfeit_v for_o mal-use_a or_o abuser_n no_o difference_n betwixt_o corporation_n aggregate_v or_o sole_a and_o the_o one_o forfeit_n for_o the_o same_o mis-use_a or_o abuser_n as_o the_o other_o and_o as_o to_o the_o mischief_n that_o will_v ensue_v if_o the_o law_n otherwise_o it_o be_v no_o answer_n that_o the_o person_n offend_v may_v be_v punish_v in_o their_o private_a capacity_n for_o if_o they_o still_o remain_v a_o corporation_n they_o may_v assemble_v consult_v raise_v money_n and_o man_n to_o the_o hazard_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o government_n and_o still_o continue_v a_o form_a body_n too_o much_o thereby_o advantage_v to_o serve_v such_o purpose_n precedent_n and_o case_n of_o forfeiture_n case_n of_o sandwich_n pasch_fw-mi 3._o e._n 1._o rot._n 55._o upon_o a_o information_n the_o judgement_n be_v consideratum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o consilium_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la quod_fw-la majoritas_fw-la &_o libertas_n de_fw-fr sandwich_n capiatur_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la regis_fw-la villa_n de_fw-fr cambridge_n inst_z 4._o 428._o m._n 8_o r._n 2._o plea_n to_o the_o jurisdiction_n reject_v and_o judgement_n that_o their_o liberty_n shall_v be_v seize_v ry_o placita_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la 277._o judgement_n that_o the_o liberty_n of_o winchester_n shall_v be_v seize_v quousque_fw-la and_o restore_v again_o mich._n 18_o e._n 3._o rot._n 162._o in_o b._n r._n judgement_n against_o ipswich_n that_o the_o custody_n thereof_o shall_v be_v seize_v 2_o roll_n prerog_n 204._o divers_a seizure_n 1_o crook_n 252._o it_o be_v there_o cite_v that_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o town_n of_o norwich_n be_v seize_v 27_o h._n 6._o for_o not_o suppress_v a_o riotous_a assembly_n there_o f._n avowry_n 129._o iter_fw-la of_o lancaster_n quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o northampton_n judgement_n of_o seizure_n quousque_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o mis-pleading_a 2_o h._n 7._o fol._n 11._o mich._n 15_o car._n 1._o b._n r._n quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o town_n of_o berkhamsted_n but_o no_o judgement_n enter_v usual_a proceed_n in_o eyre_n to_o seize_v fine_a and_o restore_v rast_n entry_n 540._o seizure_n of_o a_o leet_n for_o not_o have_v a_o tumbril_n and_o all_o the_o several_a case_n and_o the_o very_a act_n cite_v that_o prove_v seizure_n of_o a_o corporation_n prove_v also_o that_o they_o may_v forfeit_v v._o that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n corporation_n have_v by_o their_o charter_n prescription_n or_o custom_n common_a council_n to_o assemble_v advise_v and_o consent_n they_o be_v as_o delegate_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n they_o be_v the_o active_a corporation_n they_o make_v by-law_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o land_n and_o concern_v of_o the_o corporation_n in_o they_o the_o corporation_n act_n 9_o h._n 6._o 3._o 5_o h._n 7._o 26._o 48_o e._n 3._o 17._o 1_o cr._n 540._o warren_n case_n roll_v 2_o a_o br_n 456._o tit._n restitution_n object_n that_o the_o stat._n 1_o e._n 3._o insist_v on_o by_o the_o other_o side_n whereby_o they_o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v seize_v for_o any_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o the_o officer_n resp_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o objection_n i._o it_o be_v no_o statute_n but_o only_o a_o charter_n and_o that_o charter_n not_o grant_v to_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commonalty_n but_o only_o civibus_fw-la london_n ii_o that_o it_o extend_v not_o to_o this_o case_n for_o by_o the_o word_n officer_n and_o minister_n the_o mayor_n sheriff_n and_o alderman_n be_v ordinary_a officer_n of_o the_o city_n by_o who_o the_o king_n writ_n and_o precept_n be_v execute_v be_v the_o person_n intend_v but_o this_o extend_v not_o to_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n which_o be_v the_o visible_a and_o active_a corporation_n stat._n 38._o e._n 3._o c._n 10._o explain_v this_o to_o be_v so_o for_o that_o be_v express_v mayor_n aldermen_z and_o sheriff_n and_o that_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v seize_v for_o their_o miscarriage_n till_o their_o three_o default_n but_o the_o stat._n 1_o h._n 4._o c._n 15._o repeal_v the_o former_a stat._n of_o 28_o e._n 3._o also_o the_o stat._n 1_o e._n 3._o if_o it_o be_v any_o put_v the_o city_n of_o london_n into_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o other_o city_n vi_o that_o the_o fact_n and_o crime_n charge_v in_o the_o replication_n be_v forfeiture_n they_o be_v offence_n of_o a_o high_a nature_n to_o oppress_v the_o subject_a by_o raise_v money_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o end_n of_o their_o be_v a_o corporation_n which_o be_v the_o good_a government_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o subject_a but_o to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o power_n to_o oppress_v and_o raise_v money_n for_o private_a benefit_n be_v a_o great_a abuse_n of_o their_o authority_n and_o franchase_v and_o they_o can_v excuse_v themselves_o as_o for_o a_o toll_n for_o toll_n can_v be_v claim_v except_o it_o be_v a_o sum_n certain_a it_o must_v be_v some_o little_a petit_fw-la sum_n claim_v for_o toll_n these_o sum_n be_v too_o great_a and_o unreasonable_a to_o be_v claim_v for_o toll_n the_o statute_n of_o h._n 7._o that_o give_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o 40_o l._n for_o use_v a_o unlawful_a by-law_n do_v not_o alter_v the_o law_n that_o be_v before_o it_o give_v a_o new_a and_o further_a penalty_n but_o take_v not_o away_o the_o old_a and_o as_o to_o the_o custom_n allege_v for_o assertain_v toll_v duty_n or_o sum_v reasonable_a to_o be_v pay_v such_o custom_n be_v unreasonable_a for_o the_o uncertainty_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o vi_o the_o petition_n be_v malicious_a and_o apparent_o seditious_a stir_v up_o the_o people_n to_o a_o drink_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o government_n stat_n 3_o e._n 6._o c._n 1._o provide_v against_o derogate_a from_o or_o deprave_v the_o book_n of_o common_a prayer_n 1_o cr._n 223._o sir_n william_n marsham_n versus_fw-la budge_n against_o standalize_a a_o justice_n of_o peace_n much_o more_o be_v it_o to_o deprave_v libel_n
if_o with_o more_o 6_o d._n a_o day_n that_o if_o any_o refuse_v to_o pay_v he_o shall_v be_v amove_v from_o his_o place_n in_o the_o market_n that_o by_o colour_n of_o this_o by-law_n the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n have_v extort_a great_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o their_o own_o private_a gain_n amount_v to_o five_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 2._o and_o far_o that_o whereas_o there_o be_v a_o session_n of_o parliament_n hold_v 21_o octob._n 32._o c._n 2._o and_o continue_v till_o the_o 10_o of_o jan._n 82._o and_o then_o by_o the_o king_n prorogue_v to_o the_o 20_o of_o that_o instant_a january_n the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n jan._n 13._o in_o their_o common_a council_n assemble_v malitiose_fw-la advisate_n &_o seditiose_fw-la absque_fw-la legali_fw-la authoritate_fw-la in_fw-la se_fw-la assumpserunt_fw-la ad_fw-la censendum_fw-la &_o judicandum_fw-la dict'_fw-it dom_n '_o regem_fw-la nunc_fw-la &_o prorogationem_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la by_o the_o king_n prorogue_v and_o in_o the_o same_o common_a council_n vota_fw-la &_o suffragia_fw-la sva_fw-la dederunt_fw-la &_o ordinaverunt_fw-la that_o a_o petition_n sub_fw-la nomine_fw-la the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o common_a council_n assemble_v to_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v exhibit_v in_o which_o petition_n it_o be_v contain_v that_o by_o that_o prorogation_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o the_o make_v necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o protestant_a subject_n have_v receive_v interruption_n and_o that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n in_o the_o same_o common_a council_n do_v unlawful_o malitiose_fw-la advisate_n &_o seditiose_fw-la with_o intent_n that_o the_o same_o petition_n may_v be_v publish_v and_o disperse_v among_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o induce_v in_o they_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o king_n have_v by_o that_o prorogation_n obstruct_v the_o public_a justice_n and_o to_o incite_v hatred_n against_o the_o king_n person_n and_o government_n and_o to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n do_v order_v that_o petition_n contain_v the_o say_v scandalous_a matter_n to_o be_v print_v and_o thereupon_o to_o those_o ill_a end_n and_o purpose_v they_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v print_v and_o publish_v by_o which_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n the_o aforesaid_a liberty_n and_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a forisfecerunt_fw-la and_o after_o by_o the_o time_n in_o the_o information_n have_v and_o yet_o do_v usurp_v it_o before_o i_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n i_o will_v speak_v to_o the_o plead_v herein_o and_o in_o the_o subsequent_a surrejoinder_n and_o for_o the_o plead_v in_o it_o i_o think_v it_o be_v as_o singular_a and_o unpresidented_a as_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v this_o replication_n suppose_v the_o matter_n have_v be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a and_o good_a and_o sufficient_a yet_o as_o plead_v be_v insufficient_a and_o not_o warrantable_a by_o any_o law_n or_o practice_n ever_o know_v it_o contain_v 1._o a_o issue_n viz._n no_o corporation_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n 2._o two_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o corporation_n admit_v they_o once_o be_v a_o corporation_n so_o that_o though_o the_o point_n in_o question_n be_v but_o one_o viz._n whether_o we_o be_v lawful_o a_o corporation_n or_o no_o corporation_n though_o the_o plea_n be_v single_a that_o we_o be_v a_o corporation_n by_o prescription_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n yet_o here_o be_v to_o try_v this_o point_n 1._o a_o issue_n 2._o a_o double_a plea_n allege_v two_o cause_n to_o avoid_v it_o for_o a_o forfeiture_n this_o i_o conceive_v can_v legal_o be_v do_v though_o in_o the_o king_n case_n i_o do_v agree_v the_o king_n have_v great_a prerogative_n in_o plead_n and_o as_o far_o as_o ever_o they_o have_v be_v allow_v or_o enjoy_v let_v they_o be_v so_o still_o but_o that_o the_o king_n can_v to_o the_o same_o matter_n both_o take_v issue_n and_o also_o plead_v over_o at_o the_o same_o that_o i_o deny_v it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a that_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v careful_a to_o preserve_v the_o king_n be_v right_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o think_v it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o the_o law_n shall_v admit_v or_o allow_v as_o legal_a any_o way_n of_o proceed_v that_o shall_v destroy_v or_o render_v the_o subject_n right_o indefensible_a be_v his_o right_n as_o good_a as_o it_o may_v be_v if_o so_o be_v that_o mr._n attorney_n may_v both_o take_v issue_n upon_o the_o fact_n and_o also_o plead_v over_o i_o will_v by_o your_o leave_n ask_v how_o many_o issue_n and_o how_o many_o plea_n over_o the_o king_n attorney_n may_v have_v suppose_v the_o king_n bring_v a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la or_o write_v of_o right_n or_o any_o other_o action_n the_o defendant_n make_v his_o title_n which_o be_v usual_o do_v by_o many_o grant_n and_o conveyance_n from_o one_o to_o another_o to_o bring_v it_o to_o himself_o may_v the_o king_n attorney_n now_o take_v as_o many_o issue_n as_o fact_n issuable_a plead_v as_o many_o plea_n as_o he_o please_v and_o all_o this_o simul_fw-la &_o semel_fw-la it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o this_o case_n mr._n attorney_n have_v assign_v only_o two_o breach_n or_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n but_o he_o may_v if_o he_o have_v please_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n have_v assign_v 200._o if_o this_o may_v be_v be_v we_o not_o all_o at_o mr._n attorney_n mercy_n if_o this_o may_v not_o be_v then_o how_o many_o plea_n be_v it_o in_o law_n define_v in_o favorem_fw-la vitæ_fw-la a_o man_n may_v plead_v a_o special_a plea_n and_o plead_v also_o not_o guilty_a but_o not_o several_a special_a plea_n but_o that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o prerogative_n for_o mr._n attorney_n in_o suit_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n i_o can_v find_v no_o instance_n or_o authority_n for_o it_o for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a as_o i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o king_n have_v great_a prerogative_n in_o plead_v yet_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o this_o be_v not_o boundless_a but_o that_o if_o in_o the_o king_n writ_n there_o be_v mistake_n or_o his_o writ_n or_o his_o action_n misconceive_v he_o shall_v be_v bind_v by_o it_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o subject_n be_v or_o shall_v partridge_n against_o strange_n and_o in_o the_o same_o book_n in_o my_o lord_n berkley_n case_n a_o com._n 84._o a._n 236._o a_o it_o be_v express_o say_v that_o though_o the_o king_n have_v many_o prerogative_n concern_v his_o person_n debt_n and_o duty_n yet_o the_o common_a law_n have_v so_o admeasured_a his_o prerogative_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o take_v away_o or_o prejudice_v the_o inheritance_n of_o any_o the_o king_n have_v a_o prerogative_n that_o he_o may_v wave_v his_o demurrer_n and_o take_v issue_n or_o wave_v his_o issue_n and_o demur_v upon_o the_o plea_n but_o say_v the_o same_o book_n he_o must_v do_v it_o the_o same_o term_n 236._o com._n fol._n 236._o not_o in_o any_o other_o term_n for_o than_o he_o may_v do_v it_o in_o infinitum_fw-la without_o end_n and_o the_o party_n hereby_o may_v lose_v his_o inheritance_n and_o for_o that_o the_o common_a law_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o king_n to_o have_v such_o a_o prerogative_n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o book_n and_o in_o the_o point_n that_o this_o prerogative_n must_v be_v make_v use_n of_o the_o same_o term_n and_o that_o the_o king_n attorney_n can_v vary_v in_o another_o term_n and_o wave_v his_o issue_n be_v 13_o e._n 4._o 8._o bro._n prer_n 69._o 28_o h._n 8._o 2._o so_o in_o make_v title_n to_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la he_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n wave_v his_o first_o title_n and_o make_v another_o but_o it_o be_v true_a also_o 347._o rex_fw-la vers_fw-la bagshaw_n cr._n 1._o 347._o that_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o wave_a demurrer_n and_o take_v issue_n in_o another_o term_n there_o be_v authority_n that_o he_o may_v so_o do_v but_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v do_v or_o not_o in_o another_o term_n be_v not_o material_a to_o our_o case_n but_o the_o use_n i_o make_v of_o these_o case_n be_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n attorney_n shall_v not_o have_v both_o together_o simul_fw-la &_o semel_fw-la as_o in_o this_o case_n he_o have_v do_v he_o must_v wave_v one_o before_o he_o can_v have_v another_o plea_n for_o those_o debate_n about_o his_o vary_v his_o plea_n by_o wave_v his_o issue_n and_o demur_v or_o wave_v his_o demurrer_n and_o take_v issue_n signify_v nothing_o if_o he_o may_v in_o one_o plea_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n take_v issue_n and_o demur_v or_o plead_v over_o to_o the_o same_o matter_n or_o point_n as_o be_v do_v in_o this_o case_n therefore_o those_o book_n strong_o prove_v that_o the_o prerogative_n that_o the_o king_n have_v