with him hasts to the St. George and puts up the Flag which when the Earl of Ossory saw who had in the mean time brought new Foresails to his Yards he sent Norborough to tell him that if he would he would set upon Tromp and board him if he had assistance Sprague praises his resolution bids him go on and he would immediately be with him But his suddain death was the loss of a Noble Designe For he had not been long aboard the St. George when through the loss of her Main-mast he was forc'd to forsake her too and as he was going aboard the Royal Charles the Boat being shatter'd to pieces by an accidental shot he was himself drown'd in the Ocean over which he had so often Triumph'd After Sprague's ship had lost her Masts Tromp confident of carrying her bore up briskly and gave her a Broad-side and brought up two Fire-ships but all in vain for as he pass'd by he was so severely gall'd by the Earl of Ossory that he had hardly time to discharge six of his own Guns Neither did the Earl of Ossory leave the Flag-ship till he saw her tow'd off by the Hampshire Tromp sufficiently wearied having got his Squadron together at first retir'd but when he saw De Ruyter coming toward him he stay'd By and by the Prince was to be discern'd a far off with his Squadron who had born the brunt of the Zealand-Squadron and De Ruyter all the day for the French having gain'd the Wind in the beginning of the Fight never came in but at two of the clock the Prince and De Ruyter as it were by consent seem'd to leave off for both being sollicitous for the rest of their Fleets whom they saw afar off sail'd peaceably and directed their course toward their Friends though all the while within Cannon-shot But now De Ruyter being joyn'd with his own falls upon the Blue endeavouring to separate that Squadron from the Prince but in vain the Prince making all haste to come in and the other seasonably joyning with him Then began a most sharp dispute on both sides at what time the Prince sending two Fire-ships guarded by Captain Leg upon the Enemy put them into such a confusion that had the French then come in being as they were Masters of the Wind the Dispute with the Dutch concerning the Dominion of the Sea had certainly been at an end The Dutch lost two Flag-Officers several Captains and about 1000 Common Seamen Among the English Sprague was much lamented Captain Neve was slain Reeves and Heywood died of their Wounds Of the French but one Commander slain The loss of Common English Seamen was not so great being chiefly in the Earl of Ossory's and Sir Edward Sprague's ships About the middle of Iune the Lord Clifford of Chudleigh resign'd his Staff as Lord-Treasurer into the King's hands and Sir Thomas Osborn created Viscount Osborn of Dumblaine in Scotland and afterwards Earl of Danby in England was made Lord-Treasurer in his room Upon the 10 th of October the Parliament meeting according to their last Adjournment were Prorogu'd by Commission till the 27 th of the same Moneth then meeting again they were prorogu'd till the seventh of Ianuary following After which the King having taken the Great Seal from the Earl of Shaftsbury gave it to his Attorney-General Sir Heneage Finch afterwards created Lord Daventry in the County of Northampton Soon after His Majesty was pleas'd to call before him in Council the two Lord Chief-Justices and the Lord Chief-Baron commanding them to consider of the most effectual means for putting the Laws in Execution for preventing the growth of Popery and at the same time ordered that no Roman-Catholick or so reputed should presume after the 18 th of November to come into his presence to his Palace or where his Court should be and the Lord-Steward and Lord-Chamberlain of the Houshold were ordered to see the same effectually put in execution And by further Order a little after forbid them to come neer St. Iames's House or into the Park Immediately after in pursuance of his Gracious Assurance to both Houses of Parliament His Majesty issued out his Royal Proclamation to the same effect further requiring the Judges and all Justices of the Peace to take effectual care for the prosecution of all Papists and Popish Recusants according to the Laws and Statutes of the Realm About the latter end of November the Dutchess of Modena arriving at Dover in order to her Intermarriage with his Royal Highness the Duke of York was there met by the Duke and some few days after coming from Gravesend to London by Water was by his Majesty and divers of the Nobility met in Barges upon the River and so conducted to White-hall where after her Royal Highness had been received in the most obliging and kinde manner by her Majesty she was conducted to St. Iames's Within few days after their Royal Highnesses gave Audience to the French Portugal Swedish and Danish Embassadors as likewise to the Residents of Venice and Newburgh who all went to Complement them upon their late Marriage About this time his Majesty the great numbers of extraordinary Servants that had been sworn and admitted into his Service who making use of the Protections they receiv'd thereby did obstruct the due course of Law issued forth an Order in Council whereby all persons that did not by vertue of their Places receive Fee Wages Salary Diet or Board-wages should be absolutely disabled from making use of any Protection whatsoever for the future to save them from the prosecution of their Creditors From Tangier came Intelligence that the Earl of Middleton Governour understanding the defeat and death of Gayland and the great success of Muly Ishmael in those parts and having receiv'd a kinde Letter from the said Muly Ishmael purporting his great desire to be in Amity with the Governour and a proposition of sending Commissioners to treat with him accordingly appointed Major White Alderman Read and Mr. Wollaston for that purpose with full power and Instructions to conclude a Peace and Treaty of Commerce and particularly for the Redemption of the Captives in Sally wherein the Earl doubted not the same success as he had had with Gayland above a year before with whom he had made so firm a Peace that the Moors and Inhabitants of Tangier convers'd together as if they had been one Nation Notwithstanding the vigour and fury of the War yet neither in the height of this years Preparation nor Action were the thoughts of Peace laid aside but rather all endeavours tending thereto vigorously pursued To this purpose a Treaty was concluded on between the King of England and the Dutch whereat the Allies of both Parties were to be present The place accepted of by the King of England was Cologne whither by the middle of Summer and some before came all the Plenipotentiaries of the several Confederates For the King of Great Britain Sir Ioseph Williamson and Sir
some through fear others out of compliance with the major part agreed to the ensuing Articles which for an envious remark I have transcribed First That there be a Cessation of Arms both by Sea and Land from this present Secondly That all Acts of Hostility do thenceforth cease Thirdly That both parties shall peaceably return during the Treaty whatever they possess at the time of the Cessation Fourthly That all such persons who lived in any of his Majesties Forts beyond the River of Tweed shall not exempt their Lands which lye within the Counties of Northumberland and the Bishoprick from such Contributions as shall be laid upon them for the payment of eight hundred pound per diem Fifthly That none of the Kings Forces upon the other side of Tweed shall give any impediment to such contributions as are already allowed for the competency of the Scotch Army and shall fetch no victuals nor forage out of their bounds except that which the inhabitants and owners thereof shall bring voluntarily to them and that any restraints or detention of Victual Cattel or Forage which shall be made by the Scots within those bounds for their maintenance shall be no breach Sixthly That no recruit shall be brought into either Armies from the time of the Cessation and during the Treaty Seventhly That the contribution of eight hundred and fifty pounds per diem shall be onely raised out of the Counties of Northumberland Westmerland and the Bishoprick and the Town of Newcastle and that the not payment thereof shall be no breach of the Treaty but the Counties and Towns shall be left to the Scots power to raise the same but not to exceed the sum agreed upon unless it be for charges of driving to be set by a Prizer of the forage Eighthly That the River Tweed shall be the bounds of both Armies excepting always the Town and Castle of Storkton and the Village of Egyshiff and the Counties of Northumberland and the Bishoprick be the limits within which the Scotish Army is to reside having liberty from them to send such Convoys as shall be necessary onely for the gathering up of the Contribution which shall be unpaid by the Counties of Northumberland and Cumberland Ninth and Tenth Articles of private injuries Eleventhly No new Fortifications to be made during the Treaty against either Party Twelfthly That the Subjects of both Kingdoms may in their trade of Commerce freely pass to and fro without any stay at all but it is particularly provided that no member of either Army pass without a formal Pass under the hands of the General or of him that commands in chief This was the sum of that unlucky Cessation which was afterwards at London concluded in a Treaty soon after the sitting of the Parliament who in February next paid the Scots off giving them the stile of their dear brethren which much pleased them but the money which accrewed by an arrear of 124000 l. was a great deal more acceptable And thus with their pay and dismission out of this Kingdom I dismiss them for this time from any further Narrative and look home to our own affairs in England The Parliament sate down on the third of November and immediately fell to questioning several chief Ministers of State Bishops and Judges pretending thereby both to satisfie this Nation and the Scots Monopolies also were voted down and much more good was promised and expected from the Parliament The principal of those Grandees that were accused was the Earl of Strafford against whom Mr. Pym is sent from the Commons to the Lords with an Impeachment of High Treason whereupon he was sequestred from sitting as a Peer and his Privado Sir George Ratcliff was sent for out of Ireland by a Serjeant at Arms. Soon after the aforesaid Earl was committed to the Usher of the Black Rod and so to the Tower in order to his ensuing Tryal yet he obtained the assignation of Councel and a Sollicitor for the better managing his defence The Bishop of Lincoln contrariwise was released out of the Tower and Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr. Burton returned from their kind of banishment in great pomp and bravery attended by many hundreds on Horseback with boughs in their hands to London for the Tide was turned and ran strong the other way In the interim the Lord Keeper Finch and Sir Francis Windebank Secretary of State both charged with no less than High Treason wisely withdrew themselves into Forein parts and weathered the storm that would have sunk them One Iohn Iames the Son of Sir Henry Iames of Feversham in Kent and of the Romish Religion audaciously adventured to stab Mr. Howard a Justice of Peace in Westminster-Hall the said Mr. Howard being about to deliver to the Committee for Religion a Catalogue of such Recusants as were within his liberty The House of Commons now Voted the Assesment of Ship-mony about which there had been so much ado and so many contests together with the Opinions of the Judges and the Writs for it and the judgment of the Exchequer against Mr. Hambden to be all illegal and the Arguments of the two Justices Crook and Hutton shewing the illegality thereof to be Printed and also ordered a Charge of High-Treason to be drawn up against eight others of the Judges Which business of Ship-money being made so accessary to our ensuing Troubles I have thought fit to insert these Records concerning the same The Case as it was stated by the King to the Judges CHARLES REX WHen the good and safety of the Kingdom in general is concerned and the whole Kingdom in danger Whether may not the King by Writ under the Great Seal of England command all the Subjects in this Kingdom at their charge to provide and furnish such number of Ships with Men Victual and Munition and for such a time as he shall think sit for the defence and safeguard of the Kingdom from such danger and peril and by Law compel the doing thereof in case of refusal and refractoriness And whether in such cases the King is not sole Iudge both of the danger and when and how the same is to be prevented and avoided Their Opinions MAy it please your most excellent Majesty we have according to your Majesties command severally and every man by himself and all of us together taken into serious consideration the Case and Questions signed by your Majesty and enclosed in your Letter And we are of opinion that when the good and safety of the Kingdom in general is concerned and the whole Kingdom in danger your Majesty may by Writ under the great Seal of England command all the Subjects of this your Kingdom at their charge to provide and furnish such a number of Ships with men victual and munition and for such time as your Majesty shall think fit for the defence and safeguard from such a danger and peril and that by law your Majesty may compel the doing thereof
be made for the freedom of such Elections 6. That the Parliament onely have Power to direct further as to Parliaments and for those two ends expressed before their Orders there to pass for Laws 7. That there be a Liberty for Entring Dissents in the House of Commons and no man further censurable for what he shall say in the House exclusion by c. from that Trust and that by the House it self 8. That the Iudicial Power in the Lords and Commons without further Appeal may be cleared The King not to be capable to forgive persons adjudged by them without their consent 9. That the Peers have no Iurisdiction against the Commons without the concurring Iudgment of the House of Commons as also may be vindicated from any other Iudgement c. than that of their equals 10. That Grand Iury-men be chosen by several parts or divisions of each County respectively not left to the discretion of any Vnder-Sheriff which Grand Iury-men at each Assize shall present the names of persons to be made Iustices of the Peace and at the Summer-Assizes the names of three out of which the King may prick one for Sheriff Secondly being another principle For the future security to Parliaments and the Militia in general in order thereunto That it be provided by Act of Parliament 1. That the power of the Militia by Land and Sea during the space of ten years shall be disposed by the Lords and Commons Assembled in Parliament or persons they shall nominate 2. That it shall not be exercised by the King nor any from him during the said space nor afterwards but by advice of the Parliament or Council of State or such Committees in the Interval 3. That the said Lords and Commons c. raise and dispose of Money for the Forces thought necessary and for payment of publike debts and uses of the Kingdom 4. That these ten years security may be the firmer It be provided That none that have been in hostility against the Parliament in the late War shall be capable of any Office or Trust for five years without consent of Parliament nor to sit as Members thereof till the second Biennial Parliament be past Thirdly For the ordering of the peace and safety of this Kingdom and Ireland 1. That there be Commissioners for the Admiralty an Admiral and Vice-Admiral now agree on with power to execute amply the said Offices and pay provided for the service 2. That there be a Lord-General for the Forces that are to be in pay 3. That there be Commissioners for the standing Militia in every County consisting of Trained Bands and Auxiliaries not in pay to discipline them 4. A Council of State to surperintend the powers given those Commissioners 5. That the said Council have the same power with the Kings Privy Council but not make War or Peace without consent of Parliament 6. That that Council consist of trusty and able persons to continue si bene se gesserint but not above seven years 7. That a sufficient Establishment be provided for the pay of the standing Forces the Establishment to continue till two months after the meeting of the first Biennial Parliament or Saint Tibs Eve Fourthly That an Act be passed for disposing the great Offices for ten years by the Lords and Commons in Parliament and by the Committees in the Intervals with submission to the approbation of the next Parliament and after that time they to name three and the King out of them to appoint one for the succession upon a vacancie Fifthly For disabling the Peers made by the King since the Great Seal was carried away May 21. 1642. to sit and Vote in Parliament Sixthly An Act to make void all the Acts Declarations c. against the Parliament and their Adherents and that the Ordinances for Indempnity be confirmed Seventhly An Act to make void all Grants passed under the said Seal since May 1642. and to confirm and make those valid that passed under the Great Seal made by Authority of Parliament Eighthly An Act for Confirmation of Treaties between England and Scotland and constituting Conservators of the Peace between them Ninthly That the Ordinance for taking away the Court of Wards and Liveries be confirmed by Act but the Kings Revenue made up another way and the Officers thereof to have reparation Tenthly An Act declaring void the Cessation of Ireland leaving that War to the prosecution of the Parliament Eleventhly An Act to take away all Coercive Power Authority and Iurisdiction of Bishops and other Ecclesiastical Officers whatsoever extending to civil Penalties upon any and to repeal all Laws whereby the Civil Magistracie hath been or is bound upon any Ecclesiastical Censure to proceed ex Oâ—â—icio unto any Civil Penalties against any persons so censured Mark here is not a word of abolishing Episcopacy or confirming the sale of their Lands in which they knew the Presbyterians were entangled but the King extreamly gratified who abominated Sacriledge and so was the likelier never to comply with the Parliament who made it one of their principal demands which Cromwel designed Twelfthly That there be a repeal of penal Acts or Clauses enjoyning the Common-Prayer and imposing Penalties for not coming to Church some provision to be made for discovering of Recusancie Thirteenthly That the taking of the Covenant be not inforced upon any c. but that all Ordinances enjoyning that be repealed Fourteenthly That the things before proposed being provided for his Majestie his Queen and Royal Issue may be restored to a condition of Safetie Honour and Freedom in this Nation without diminution to their personal Rights or further limitation to the exercise of their Power than according to the particulars aforegoing Fifteenthly For the matter of Compositions 1. That a less number out of the persons excepted in the two first qualifications not exceeding five for the English being nominated particularly by the Parliament besides the Irish Rebels may be reserved to the Iudgment of the Parliament c. And many more good morrows in favourable restrictions of the Parliament's severity to poor Cavaliers whom they reserved for their more ravenous jaws thinking by these wiles first to betray and then devour them and therefore now the Tyger is become a mediator to the Wolf to spare the innocent sheep that 's encompassed between them The rest of this batch was for particular redresses of the Law and abuses of the Lawyers concerning Imprisonments for Debts Regulating Assessements and remedies against the contentious Suits of Tythes for asserting the peoples right in Petitioning against Forrest-Lands and almost all particular grievances especially the Excise and Monopolies against Corporation-Oaths as grievous to tender Consciences being too long to enumerate The drift of all being to please all sorts of people one or other hitting the humour of every man but chiefly gratifying the Fanaticks and miserable Vulgar who were to be deluded and then used as a bridge to their own slavery
Propositions would they have been satisfactory did not at present sute the high and imperious humour of the Parliament yet by the good temperament and respectful behaviour of the major part of the Commissioners such a mutual confidence was wrought that the King won with their dutiful perswasion did in most of those things besides Religion and Church-lands comply with their demands and then the Parliament upon debate of the whole Treaty Voted his Concessions a ground to settle the Kingdom of which presently But a little before the conclusion of the Treaty which hapned on the 27th of Nov. the Army Cromwel being now come out of Scotland had after a long Consultation how to break it off hammered out a villanous Remonstrance on the 16th of that Month at St. Albans and on the 28th presented it to the House of Commons by Col. Ewers related to the Lord Ewers and seven Officers more the Treasonable and Execrable Heads thereof setting aside that Principle That the Magistery of the People is Supreme were as followeth First That the Capital and Grand Author of our Troubles viz. the Person of the King by whose procurement and for whose Interest of Will and Power all our Wars have been may be brought to Iustice for the Treason Blood and Mischief he is therein guilty of Secondly That a Timely Day may be set for the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York to come in by which time if they do not that then they may immediately be declared incapable of any Trust or Government in this Kingdom or its Dominions and thence to stand exiled for ever as Enemies or Traytors to die without mercy if ever after found or taken therein c. If by the time limited they do render themselves that then the Prince be proceeded with as on appearance he shall give satisfaction or not and then the Duke as he shall give satisfaction may be considered as to future Trust or not But however that the Revenue of the Crown saving necessary allowances for the Children and for Servants and Creditors to the Crown be Sequestred and the costly pomp suspended for a good number of years and that this Revenue be for that time disposed toward Publike Charges Debts and Damages for the easing of the people so as the Estates neither of Friends to publique Interest nor alone of inferior Enemies thereunto may bear the whole burthen of that loss and charge which by and for that Family the Kingdom hath been put unto Thirdly That Capital punishment be speedily Executed upon a competent number of his Chief Instruments also both in former and later Wars and that some of both sorts be pitcht upon as are really in your hands or reach Fourthly That the rest of the Delinquents English may upon rendring themselves to Iustice have mercy for their lives and that only Fines be set upon them and their persons declared incapable of any Publique Trust or having any voice in Elections thereto at least for a good number of years And that a short day may be set by which all such Delinquents may come in and for those who come not in by that day that their Estates be absolutely Confiscated and sold to the Publike use and their Persons stand Exiled as Traytors and to die without mercy if ever after found in the Kingdom or its Dominions Fifthly That the satisfaction of Arrears to the Souldiery with other publike Debts and competent reparations of publique Damages may be put into some orderly way And that therefore the Fines and Compositions of Delinquents be disposed to those uses only as also the Confiscations of such who shall be excluded from Pardon or not come in by the day assigned Now after Publique Iustice thus provided for we proceed in order to the general satisfaction and Settlement of the Kingdom First That you would set some reasonable and certain period to your own Power Secondly That with a period to this Parliament that there may be a Settlement of the Peace and future Government of the Kingdom And in order thereto First That there may be a certain Succession of future Parliaments Annual or Biennial with secure provision 1. For the certainty of their Sitting Meeting and Ending 2. For equal Elections 3. For the Peoples meeting to Elect Provided that none engaged in War against the Kingdom may Elect or be Elected nor any other who oppose this Settlement 4. For clearing the power of Parliaments as Supreme only they may not give away any Foundation of Common Right 5. For liberty of Entring Dissents in the said Representatives that the people may know who are fit for future Trusts but without any penalty for their free Iudgments Thirdly That no King be hereafter admitted but upon Election of and as upon Trust from the people by such their Representatives nor without first disclaiming all pretence to a Negative Voice against the Determinations of the Commons in Parliament and this to be done in some Form more clear than heretofore in the Coronation-Oath These Matters of General Settlement we propound to be provided by the Authority of the Commons in this Parliament and to be further Established by a general Contract or Agreement of the people with their Subscriptions thereunto And that no King be admitted to the Crown nor other person to any Office of publique Trust without express Accord and Subscription to the same This was the Basis Method and Model of Cromwels Tyranny and though he had changed his pretences according to the exigences of time and occasions yet he was fixed here as having learnt from Matchiavel that there is no readier way to an Usurpation than by destroying the Fundamental Laws and Essentials of Government and proposing pleasing Innovations to the Vulgar This he drove at in his possessed Servants the Levellers whom he put on to divulge this new secret of Empire but they thundering of it out and to try its acceptance as the rain in unseasonable weather he was content to abandon them to a shower of Bullets influenced on one of his prime Boâ—tefeus by the Command of the Parliament to the General as beforesaid in 1647 at Ware For observe the trace of his Policie after this Critical Juncture when he had superated all difficulties and removed all obstacles and you shall see how sequaciously he copied these Articles of Agreement as they were called of the people First Destroy the King as a Tyrant then exclude the Royal Progeny then disable its potent Friends and ingratiate with the mean Next Gratifie and engage the Souldiers with promise of Arrears and Establishment Then the next subsequent great work is the dissolution of the Parliament then a Chimaera of Government such as Barebones Convention And lastly A pretended Elective Tyranny under the Style of Protector which his impiety afforded him not only to subscribe but to swear to The ill news of this pestilent Paper flew amain
it also is to all considering persons that this Parliament through the corruption of some the jealousie of others the non-attendance and negligence of many would never answer those ends which God his People and the whole Nation expected from them but that this Cause which the Lord hath so greately blessed and bore witness to must needs languish under their Hands and by degrees be wholly lost and the Lives Liberties and Comforts of his people delivered into their Enemies hands All which being sadly and seriously considered by the honest people of this Nation as well as by the Army and Wisdome and Direction being sought from the Lord it seemed to be a duty incumbent upon us who had seen so much of the power and presence of God going along with us to consider of some more effectual means to secure the Cause which the good people of this Commonwealth had been so long engaged in and to establish Righteousness and Peace in these Nations And after much debate it was judged necessary and agreed upon that the Supream Authority should be by the Parliament devolved upon known persons men fearing God and of approved Integrity and the Government of the Commonwealth committed unto them for a time as the most hopeful way to encourage and countenance all Gods people reform the Law and administer Iustice impartially hoping thereby the people might forget Monarchy and understanding their true Interest in the Election of successive Parliaments may have the Government setled upon a true Basis without hazard to this glorious Cause or necessitating to keep up Armies for the defence of the same And being still resolved to use all means possible to avoid extraordinary courses we prevailed with about twenty Members of Parliament to give us a Conference with whom we freely and plainly debated the necessity and justness of our Proposals on that behalf and did evidence that those and not the Act under their Consideration would most probably bring forth something answerable to that Work the foundation whereof God himself hath laid and is now carrying on in the World The which notwithstanding found no acceptance but in stead thereof it was offered that the way was to continue still this present Parliament as being that from which we might reasonably expect all good things And this being vehemently insisted upon did much confirm us in our apprehensions That not any love to a Representative but the making use thereof to recruit and so to perpetuate themselves was their aim They being plainly dealt with about this and told that neither the Nation the honest Interest nor we our selves would be deluded by such dealings They did agree to meet again the next day in the Afternoon for mutual satisfaction it being consented to by the Members present that Endeavours should be used that nothing in the mean time should be done in Parliament that might exclude or frustrate the Proposals before-mentioned Notwithstanding this the next Morning the Parliament did make more hast than usual in carrying on their said Act being helped on therein by some of the persons engaged to us the night before none of them which were then present endeavouring to oppose the same and being ready to put the main Question for consummating the said Act whereby our aforesaid Proposals would have been rendered void and the way of bringing them into a fair and full Debate in Parliament obstructed For preventing whereof and all the sad and evil consequences which must upon the grounds aforesaid have ensued and whereby at one blow the Interest of all honest men and of this glorious Cause had been endangered to be laid in the Dust and these Nations embroyled in new Troubles at a time when our Enemies abroad are watching all advantages against us and some of them actually engaged in War with us We have been necessitated though with much reluctancy to put an end to this Parliament which yet we have done we hope out of an honest heart preferring this Cause above our Names Lives Families or Interests how dear soever with clear intentions and real purposes of heart to call to the Government persons of approved fidelity and honesty believing that as none wise will expect to gather Grapes of Thornes so good men will hope that if persons so qualified be chosen the fruits of a just and righteous Reformation so long prayed and wished for will by the blessing of God be in due time obtained to the refreshing of all those good hearts who have been panting after these things Much more might have been said if it had been our desire to justifie our selves by aspersing others and raking into the Mis-government of affairs but we shall conclude with this That as we have been led by Necessity and Providence to act as we have done even beyond and above our own thoughts and desires so we shall and do in that of this great Work which is behinde put our selves wholly upon the Lord for a Blessing professing we look not to stand one day without his support much less to bring to pass any of the things mentioned and desired without his assistance And therefore do solemnly desire and expect that all men as they would not provoke the Lord to their own destruction should wait for such issue as he shall bring forth and to follow their business with peaceable spirits wherein we promise them protection by his assistance And for those who profess their fear and love to the Name of God that seeing in a great measure for their sakes and for Righteousness sake we have taken our Lives in our hand to do these things they would be instant with the Lord day and night on our behalfs that we may obtain Grace from him And seeing we have made so often mention of his Name that we may not do the least dishonour thereunto which indeed would be our confusion and a stain to the whole profession of Godliness We beseech them also to live in all Humility Meekness Righteousness and Love one towards another and towards all men that so they may put to silence the Ignorance of the Foolish who falsly accuse them and to know that the late great and Glorious Dispensations wherein the Lord hath so wonderfully appeared in bringing forth these things by the travel and Blood of his Children ought to oblige them so to walk in the Wisdom and love of Christ as may cause others to honour their holy Profession because they see Christ to be in them of a truth We do further purpose before it be long more particularly to shew the grounds of our Proceedings and the Reasons of this late great Action and Change which in this we have but hinted at And we do lastly Declare That all Iudges Sheriffs Iustices of Peace Mayors Bayliffs Committees and all other Civil Officers and Publick Ministers whatsoever within this Commonwealth or any parts thereof do proceed in their respective Places and Offices and all persons whatsoever are to give Obedience to
respective Counties made them infamously known The rest were of his Partisans in the Parliament and High Court of Iustice and for credit-sake some two or three Fanatick-Noblemen excepted always the latent honour of the Renowned Monke Howard and Montague and some Knights and amongst them for honesty sake Sir A. Ashley Cooper though for all those Titles and Generosities it was better known like it self by the Name of Barebone's Parliament whose Christian-Name was Praise God a Leather-seller in Fleetstreet a Brownist or such kinde of Separatist from the Church of England long before the War and now a Member in this Convention into which these Evocati had adopted Cromwel Lambert Harrison Thomlinson and Desborough because forsooth none of the Army would intrude and generally none to be admitted but such of whom this House should be satisfied of their real Godliness and this by a preliminary Vote Iuly 5. These strangers to our Israel but Proselytes of the Good Cause and Iewish in every other respect since they obtained the Name of a Parliament are as well worth a shew as the other a Ballad and these are the Names of the Monster Berks. Samuel Dunch Vincent Goddard Thomas Wood. Bedford Nathaniel Taylor Edward Cater Buckingham George Fleetwood George Baldwin Cambridge Iohn Sadler Thomas French Robert Castle Samuel Warner Chester Robert Duckenfield Henry Berkenhead Four Northern Counties Charles Howard Robert Fenwick Henry Dawson Henry Ogle Cornwal Robert Bennet Francis Langdon Anthony Rous. Iohn Bawden Derby Iervas Bennet Nathaniel Barton Devon George Monke one of the Generals at Sea Iohn Carew Thomas Sanders Christopher Martin Iames Erisey Francis Rous. Richard Sweet Dorset William Sydenham Iohn Bingham Essex Ioachim Matthews Henry Barrington Iohn Brewster Christopher Earl Dudly Templer Gloucester Iohn Crofts William Neast Robert Holmes Southampton Richard Norton Richard Major Iohn Hildesly Hertford Henry Lawrence William Reeve Hereford Wroth Rogers Iohn Herring Huntington Edward Montague Stephen Pheasant Kent Lord Viscount Lisle Thomas Blount Wilâ—iam Kenrick William Cullen Andrew Broughton Lancaster William West Iohn Sawrey Robert Cunliff Leicester Henry Danvers Edward Smith Iohn Prat. Lincoln Sir William Brownlow Richard Cust. Barnaby Bowtel Humphrey Walcot William Thompson Middlesex Sir William Roberts Augustine Wingfield Arthur Squib Monmouth Philip Iones Northampton Sir Gilbert Pickering Thomas Brook Norfolk Robert Iermy Tobias Freere Ralph Wolmer Henry King William Burton Nottingham Iohn Oddingsels Edward Clud Oxon. Sir Charles Wolsley William Draper Dr. Ionathan Goddard Rutland Edward Horseman Salop. William Bottrel Thomas Baker Stafford George Bellot Iohn Chetwood Suffolk Iacob Caley Francis Brewster Robert Dunkon Iohn Clarke Edward Plumstead Somerset Robert Blake one of the Generals at Sea Iohn Pyne Dennis Hollister Henry Henley Surrey Samuel Highland Lawrence March Sussex Anthony Stapley William Spence Nathaniel Studeley Warwick Iohn St. Nicholas Richard Lucy Wilts Sir Anthony Ashly-Cooper Nicholas Green Thomas Eyre Worcester Richard Salwey Iohn Iames. York George Lord Eure. Walter Strickland Francis Lassels Iohn Anlaby Thomas Dickenson Thomas St. Nicholas Roger Coats Edward Gill. London Robert Titchborn Iohn Ireton Samuel Moyer Iohn Langley Iohn Stone Henry Barton Praise God Barebone Wales Bushy Mansel Iames Philips Iohn Williams Hugh Courtney Richard Price Iohn Brown Scotland Sir Iames Hope Alexander Bredy Iohn Swinton William Lockart Alexander Ieffries Ireland Sir Robert King Col. Iohn Hewson Col. Henry Cromwel Col. Iohn Clark Daniel Hutchison Vincent Gookyn Such an Assembly or Trim Tram was very unlikely to settle the Nation who though they expected all mischief imaginable from them yet could not forbear with the Sun in a Cloud to smile at their ridiculous unhappiness Indeed it was but a Cloud for it soon vanished and disappeared at the storm of Oliver's furious Ambition and therefore there needs not much more to be said of it than Astrologers do of Comets and Eclipses who reckon onely their continuance which was from the 4 of Iuly to the 12 of December in which these angry products were visible First an Act for Marriages by a Justice of Peace having been in debate by the Long Parliament the Banes to be published in the Market three several days and the words of that Sacred Ordinance onely inverted and the fashion changed with an Appendix concerning Church-Registers and a Proviso that no other Marriage should be valid and Lawful whereupon all civil people were forced to be twice joyned though but once Married Next after this Matrimonial Coupling in a wilder humour they fell upon a Consultation of Repudiating the Body of the Law by divorcing it from the People and a new Foundation to be laid and Systems of their own projections to be brought in the place of it and these were to be adequated to the measure and square of a Fifth Monarchy and those Monstrous absurdities Then in order thereunto an Act was hammering for abolishing of Tithes ejecting scandalous Ministers and constituting Commissioners to go the Circuit to enquire and visit the Parishes and most of their Debates were spent hereupon And lastly in preparation to Oliver's designe who yet managed and put them upon those enormous Whimseys to the making them most odious and all Parliameâ—ts with them though under pretence of grievance to many Godly people especially and the whole Nation in general the non-procedure at Law without subscribing the Engagement was taken away also all Fines upon Bills Declarations and Original Writs were taken off and the Chancery very neer a total subversion a Bill being ready to that purpose Those were their devices as to the Law and the Regulation of Government see the rest to the maintenance of it and the carrying on of the Affairs of the Commonwealth as their Secretaries tâ—â—med it First an Act was framed out of an Ordinance of the late preceding Council of State for a Lottery of the Rebels Lands in Ireland in which one Methuselah Turner a Linnen-draper in Cheapside and one Brandriffe a Cloth-drawer were Named Commissioners and had already sate in Grocers-Hall with such other most incompetent Judges of the affair In this Act the Rebellion was declared to be at an end and that the several Adventurers and Souldiers for their Arrears should have ten Counties set out and assigned for their satisfaction and if that should not satisfie the County of Louth should be added to make it up with many other clauses of length and restriction and this was passed as an Introduction to the Grand Grievance of Publick Faith-money undertaken by those shrimps which was able to crush their House full of such as Hercules but it was well applied to cajole the People many of whom had been very forward in supplies of Money to the Irish war and the Souldiers there that were to be made firm to Cromwel's Interest by such obligations of Lands and Estates A new Council of State was now of the same teeming but of a mightier strain Oliver and his Grand Officers and Partisans entirely constituting it not a puny of those
almost run from their Wits in rage and madness Cromwel was Appointed and Declared for Protector of this Infant-Commonwealth and it was a tedious interval to him the Chancery-Court at Westminster-hall being prepared for the Ceremony of the Instalment in this manner after the usual seeking of God by the Officers of the Army The Protector about one of the clock in the afternoon came from White hall to Westminster to the Chancery-Court attended by the Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal of England Barons of the Exchâ—quer and Judges in their Robes after them the Council of the Commonwealth and the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Recorder of the City of London in their Scarlet Gowns then came the Protector attended with many of the chief Officers of the Army A Chair of State being set in the said Court of Chancery the Protector stood on the left hand thereof uncovered till a large Writing in Parchment in the manner of an Oath was read there being the power with which the Protector was Invested and how the Protector is to Govern the three Nations which the Protector accepted of and subscribed in the face of the Court and immediately hereupon sate down covered in the Chair The Lords Commissioners then delivered up the Great Seal of England to the Protector and the Lord Mayor his Sword and Cap of Maintenance all which the Protector returned immediately to them again The Court then rose and the Protector was attended back as aforesaid to the Banqueting-house in White-hall the Lord Mayor himself uncovered carrying the Sword before the Protector all the way and coming into the Banqueting-house an Exhortation was made by Mr. Lockyer after which the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Judges departed The Instrument or Module framed to be the Foundation of this present Government was chiefly made up of these following Heads 1. The Protector should call a Parliament every three years 2. That the first should Assemble on the third of September 1654. 3. That he would not Dissolve the Parliament till it had sat five Months 4. That such Bills as they offered to him he not Passing them in twenty days should Pass without him 5. That he should have a select Council not exceeding one and twenty nor under thirteen 6. That immediately after his Death the Council should chuse another Protector before they rose 7. That no Protector after him should be General of the Army 8. That the Protector should have power to make Peace or War 9. That in the Intervals of Parliament he and his Council might make Laws that should be binding to the Subjects c. With some other popular Lurdes and common incidencies of Government not worth the recital which were confirmed and strenuously validated by this his Oath I Promise in the presence of God not to violate or infringe the matters and things contained in the Instrument but to observe and cause the same to be observed and in all things to the best of my understanding govern the Nations according to the Laws Statutes and Customs to seek their Peace and cause Justice and Law to be equally administred The Feat needed no more security as good altogether as its Authority in this foâ—lowing Proclamation which was published throughout England Scotland and Ireland in these words Whereas the late Parliament Dissolved themselves and resigning their Powers Authorities the Government of the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland in a Lord Protector and successive Triennial Parliaments is now established And whereas Oliver Cromwel Captain-General of all the Forces of this Common-wealth is declared Lord Protector of the said Nations and hath accepted thereof We have therefore thought it necessary as we hereby do to make publication of the Premises and strictly to charge and command all and every person or persons of what quality and condition soever in any of the said three Nations to take notice hereof and to conform and submit themselves to the Government so established And all Sheriffs Mayors Bayliffs c. are required to publish this Proclamation to the end none may have cause to pretend Ignorance in this behalf Great shooting off Guns at night and Vollies of acclamations were given at the close of this mock-solemnity by Cromwel's Janizaries while the Royalists were more joyfully disposed at the hopes of the King's Affairs but no body of any account giving the Usurper a good word or miskiditchee with his Greatness save what was uttered in Fur by the Lord Mayor and the Complices in this Fact who tickled his Ears with the Eccho of the Proclamation done with the usual Formalities These Triumphs so disgusted Harrison as also Colonel Rich that he withdrew himself from the Gang and turned publick Preacher or Railer against his Comrade Oliver who was glad to be rid of such a busie and impertinent Assistant in the moduling of Government So Cromwel had now two Commonwealth contra-divided Factions against him the old and the new Parliaments and therefore it neerly concerned him to make much of the Anabaptist and Sectary which now succeeded Independency as the Religion maintained and favoured above all other and Kiffin a great Leader and Teacher was now in great request at the Court at White-hall and contrarily Sir Henry Vane jun. was looked on a-skue as also Sir Ar. Hazilrig and Bradshaw and Scot. And so the Babel-builders were confounded one amongst another The Council appointed by Officers or taken rather by himself by whose advice he was to govern were 14 at first Lord Lambert Lord Viscount Lisle General Desbrow Sir Gilbert Pickering Major-General Skippon Sir Anthony Ashly-Cooper Walter Strickland Esquire Sir Charles Wolsley Colonel Philip Iones Francis Rous Esquire Richard Major Esquire Iohn Lawrence Esquire Colonel Edward Montague Colonel William Sydenham By these another Proclamation came out enabling all Officers Sheriffs and Justices of the Peace to continue in their respective places and Audience and Conference was given to the Dutch Embassadors who besides their last loss by Fight had suffered very greatly by the same storm that endangered our Fleet as De Wit was returning from the Sound which made them ply hard for a Cessation in order to a speedy Peace And General Monke was now riding at St. Hellens-point by the Isle of Wight with a considerable Fleet Colonel Lilburn was likewise ordered to Command in chief the Forces of Scotland who had defeated the Earl of Kinoule and his party and Sir Arthur Forbes another Chieftain of the Royal party was routed neer Dumfrieze and himself desperately wounded while the main Army Quartered in Murrey-land and thence to Elgin Colonel Morgan being sent to attend their motion The Noble Wogan who from France had by the way of Durham and Barwick and through a Fayr in open day marched into Scotland and had joyned with those Scotch Royalists and done excellent service in beating up of Quarters and attempting them in all their marches and advances came now at
to be to consult any such thing though by the like practises his Father lost his Life and that he feared he should not die right in his Favour for being suspected of such a thing and then most courageously stooped to the Block With him upon the same Scaffold suffered the Portugal Embassador's Brother then Residing with Oliver by Name Don Pâ—ntaleon-Saâ— â— He had a while before made a Riot in the New-Exchange upon conceit of an Affront or some scorn cast upon him there and killed one Greenway a Gentleman standing quietly at a Stall no opposition being made but by this Colonel Gerrard who was now fatally joyned with him in Death The Murther was Committed by a Knight of Maltha who escaped but this Nobleman and four more of the Embassador's Servants among whom was an Irish youth were arraigned before Chief-Justice Rolls Sir Henry Blunt and Recorder Steel Tichburn and others joyned in a Commission of Oyer and Terminer and Tried by a party-Jury of English and Forrainers as of custom and though he at first refused to Plead alledging his Quality he was at last Convicted and Condemned He had made an Escape by the civil industry of the Lady Philip Mohun and attempted it again but was retaken and now Beheaded After the Priests and he had prayed upon the Scaffold he shewed some little aversion of Dâ—ath but whether out of anger or fear is uncertain the people and spectators shewing different passions at the fall of both these Victimes to crafty Tyranny and impartial Justice This was done upon the King of Portugal's order to whom the cause and Execution of Justice in his own Kingdom was first remitted The Embassador soon after the conclusion of a Peace disconsolately departed The Irish Youth suffered at Tyburn the rest were Reprieved and afterwards Released In the same month a ship on Southwark-side took accidental Fire as she lay at Anchor which being cut away the ship as Providence would have it was driven by the flowing Tide upon a Shelf neer the Bridge where she stuck and blew up her powder There were 8 persons killed one a Draper upon his Leads on the Bridge by a Plank of the said ship and had the blow been any nigher it would have broke that famous Pile Another ship neer the same time fired in Fresh-wharf neer the Bridge likewise and generally there were many and very sad Conflagrations that attended this Boutefeu and his Usurpation and as memorable unruly accidents ended it as by the sequel will appear We will now cursorily run over the Highland-War of Scotland where notwithstanding those many divisions and animosities concerning Command that were between the Commanders in this Scotch Army the Earl of Glencarn stomacking the supream Command to be conferred upon General Middleton which was thought the best expedient to unite all Divisions amongst them the said Royal Party was yet re-inforced to the number of 3 or 4000 men whom both General Monke and Colonel Morgan in distinct Bodies and several ways attended Morgan was about Loughaber and Loâ—ghness in the Western Highlands about Arguile's Country and keeping close at the Heels of them who ever and anon took over the Mountains and gave them the slip for it was by no means advised to venture an Encounter but tire their Enemy out and nothing but invincible patience and resolution could have endured it For beâ—ides the want of Provisions in that scarce barren Country against which the Souldiers were armed onely with Bread and Cheese which they eat 20 days together that Nature could hardly discharge it self the Ways were most times so abrupt that hardly more than one could go abreast and over the Hills if a Horse-Foot slipt men were in danger of breaking their Necks down the Precipices and Horse and Man sure to be lost no Quarter to be had but in the Glens and great happiness was it counted to meet with them and fresh Water neer which to pitch Tents the General chearfully undergoing the same necessities After much Traversing these difficult ways which were notwithstanding easie as usual to the Highlander it was the Fortune of Colonel Morgan to light upon General Middleton neer Badgenoth at one of those narrow Passes now proving incommodious to the Natives themselves for they could neither well fight nor retreat so that they Engaged in no order nor figure and after a short Medly or Tumult rather than Battle were forced to flie the General endeavouring what he could to resist his misfortune was so neer being taken that he lost his Commission and Instructions and one of his rich Coats with a Sumpter-horse This happened on the 19 of Iuly and was the total defeat and suppression of that War For immediately the Earl of Glencarn with 500 men submitted at Dumbarton and though there happened some puny Skirmishes afterwards as the defeating of a party of the Earl of Athol Captain Elsmores taking of Sir Arthur Forbes and routing of Mac Naughton at Glenlyon and Captain Lisle with a party from Colonel Cobbet Governour of Dundee defeated the Earl of Kinoule and took him and the Lord Diddup and Lieutenant-Colonel Mercer Prisoner who was returned now to Edenburgh-Castle and the young Marquess of Montross routed by Blair-Castle yet Submissions and Treaties spent most of the time that the Lord Middleton with the Earl of Seaforth staid in Scotland who now with a small party of the Clans were in Catheness the Lords Forrester and Kenmore the Earl of Athol and Marquess of Montross capitulated desiring onely the Terms and mitigation of Fines the Earl of Glencarn had at his Rendition at Dumbarton-Castle Lorn now flew again into Arms to colour those late Treacheries and Treasons he now underhand managed for Cromwel and joyned with Mac Naughton who had surprized Colonel Brayn and Captain Nichols Governour of Innerâ—ra-Castle as they thinking themselves secure in the Confines of the Lowlands had dismiss'd their Convoy and made his Terms by that lucky surprize to his advantage Generally the Noble General Monke gave very obliging Conditions and so did Twisleton and Morgan by his order to those that capitulated with them and shewed all the favour that could be expected in point of Fines and Forfeitures which firmly obliged the Nobles and Gentry to him for the future which no doubt he had then principally in his Eye and also invited General Middleton and the Earl of Seaforth to enter into Treaty with him which was managed and in a manner concluded by Major-General Drummond but rescinded by Middleton as was alledged here because of the English insistency upon the former Fines and Security but judged as proceeding from a principle of Honour and Right since this departure of the King's Lieutenant with Conditions obtained from the Enemy might be construed a Cession of that Kingdom to the Usurper as the Lord Ormond with great Punctilio given him a very noble Precedent He departed not till the beginning of the next year and Glengary had the honour
my bounds He was in sum fit to have made a Prince of Tartars or some other Cannibal Barbarous and Perfidious people or had he been a Hun or a Vandal we should have read him big and Famous in History His Court-friends did so far extol him that after his Death Sterry one of his Sycophant Chaplains was heard to preach That he was certain that that blessed Person meaning Cromwel was now sitting at the Right Hand of God making Intercession c. which was more than any meer Humane Glory could reach unto and his Funerals were set out to such a pomp and ostentation to vouch that value which by such people was set upon him Here should have been inserted the Honour he arrogated to himself by bestowing of Dignities but there being but one Viscount seigned by him and he the right Noble now Earl of Carlisle and some Baronets and Knights that are weary of their Titles I will not further weary the Reader RICHARD'S SHORT Usurpation THE Protectorian Government like a Hybrida or Mungrii-Monster begot of two different Species the Army the Sire and the Commonwealth the Dam could not be imagined in Reason propagable however Fortune that sports her self in strange productions prevailed against the course of Nature in her Political principles for this one Experiment or Curiosity meerly to demonstrate the power of her proud and most scornful inconstancy This miserable Person as far as she could make him such Richard the Son and Successor of Oliver being meerly set up as the But and Object of all her disgraceful and contemptuous injuries with which she Implacably exercised the deposed Estate of this Impotent Usurper The Vulture died and out of his Ashes rose a Titmouse who with the Frog in the Fable being swollen up with the flatteries and fond advice of his Counsellors durst vie his greatness with the Regal right till the tumid Bubble burst and vanish'd into nothing His great encouragers to his assuming the Title were Fleetwood himself Desborough his Uncle Sydenham the two Iones's and Thurloe who with other of the Council some of whom from this time providâ—d themselves of a surer interest in the Crown upon notice of the death of his Father immediately in a body attended him in his Lodgings and declared to him his Fathers appointment of him for his Successor which they did most obediently acknowledge to him as their Rightful and most Indubitable Prince and Governour and the next morning being Saturday Proclaimed him in great State the said Lords and most of the Superior Army-Officers attending the solemnity at the usual places in London the tenour of which was That whereas it had pleased God by his providence to take away the most Serene and most Illustrious Oliver Lord-Protector who according to the Petition and Advice in his life-time had declared the most Noble and Illustrious his Son the Lord Richard Cromwel to be his Successor the Council the Lord Mayor the Officers of the Army therefore do heartily and unanimously acknowledge the said Lord Richard as rightful â—rotector and Chief Magistrate and do require all persons to yield obedience beseeching God by whom Princes Raign to bless him with long life and the Nations under him with peace and happiness This being over the Mayor aâ—d Aldermen of the City of London according to Order from the Council that Saturday in the afternoon came down to White-hall and Condoled and Congratulated Richard at once and in their sight Fiennes the Lord-Commissioner gave him his Oath which was sufficient inauguration to the Protectorate according to the said Humble Petition and Mr. Manton the peculiar Chaplain to this Dignity as Prelate of the Protectorship said Prayers and Blessed him his Council Armies and People and so the Scene ended Notice was also given by Sir Oliver Fleming to all Forrain Ministers and Embassadors of the Decease of the Father and the setting up of the Son who all came and Condoled and then Congratulated him in very ample manner especially the French though the Cardinal then at Paris immediately upon the news that Cromwel was Dead hastened to our Queen Mother and congratulated her in a â—incerer and more effectual manner telling her that the grand Enemâ— of her and her Family was noâ— removed and that most certainly and infallibly the Restauration of the King our Soveraign was at hand as indeed it was concluded and I will add resolved on here by all his Friends and some of his former Enemies and from this very time the ground-work of his Restauration was most artfully layed But these Aiery Complements were nothing comparable to the Domestick Addresses which flâ—wâ—â— flocks from all parts of the three Nations of White-hall to salute and 〈…〉 his assumption to the Soveraignty he was celebrated there for the excellence of his Wisdom and nobleness of Minde even in some for the lovely composition of his Body as if he had been another Titus Deliciae Gentis Dominii Britannici Nay some drops of this Court Holy-water stilled upon his Wife his Father-in-law and Relations his dead Father was stiled and compared to Moses to Zerubbabel to Ioshua to Gideon to Elijah to the Chariots and Horsmen of Israel to David to Solomon to Hezekiah to Constantine to all that was either good or great in Holy or Humane writ and in most their parallels were nearer to Blasphemy than any of his qualities he was lamented as the Father of his Country but 't was in that sence no doubt in which he was caressed by that Book of Killing no Murther for as long as he lived the people should never enjoy their inheritance the restorer of pleasant Paths to dwell in of whom we were not worthy and what not every one striving to exceed the other in this monstrous and most absurd vanity of which the Independent Churches were also most foully guilty their Addresses being drawn by their Metropolitans Goodwyn and Nye These were ordered here first and Instructions sent down where any of the Council had interest to get the ablest Pens they could to indite and discant upon this solemn occasion But the Army for powerful words and number outdid all the other not a sneaking Garrison but hired a Scribe to write their minde to their young Master Richard These Flies tainted the contented and private minde of the unhappy man who having Maried one Major's Daughter of Southampton with whom he had a very competent Fortune aimed at no great things till the Grandeurs done to him had insinuated Pride and that inveagled his judgement to a persistency upon the ticklish point of the Supreme Power He was learned and instructed now to keep State and for the Government his Council would take care from whom in his name came first out a Proclamation continuing all Officers and Justices of the Peace in the life of his dear Father of most renowned and blessed Memory as the stile run whose Funerals were under consultation to be made and
Affairs at a stand till something were resolved in this point they came in a very full House to this well-qualified Resolution Resolved That this House will transact with the persons now sitting in the Other House as an House of Parliament during this present Parliament And that it is not hereby intended to Exclude such Peers as have been faithful to the Parliament from their priviledge of being duly summoned to be Members of that House The House of Commons between the Protector the Other House and the General Council of Officers now summoned to meet at Wallingford-house may well be conceived at this time to have had a Wolf by the Ears and having shewed themselves English-men and not Slaves had reason to entertain wary Counsels having some of their own Members undermining them without doors and foreseeing a Dissolution though not knowing whether they should die a Violent or Natural death or have a mixt kinde of Disease as it fell out afterwards And therefore they resolved not to own them in the Other House as Lords but called them The persons now sitting in the Other House of Parliament neither would they treat and confer with them in the usual way as with the House of Peers and therefore found out the new word of Transacting and not intending to have to do with them but for a tryal they limited the time to be during this present Parliament which they foresaw would not be long and to Muzzle the new inconsiderable Upstarts sufficiently if they should take too much upon them they asserted the priviledge of the ancient Peers as a good reserve if the Parliament should by the Protector and Army be suffered upon second thoughts to sit longer than was first intended And resolved also That they would receive no Message from those persons sitting in the Other House but by some of their own number The House of Commons by this time had also by a Saving Vote concerning the Fleet asserted their interess in the Militia and had under consideration an Act for taking away all Laws Statutes and Ordinances concerning the Excise and new Impost and concerning Customes Tunnage and Poundage after three years And had vindicated the peoples Liberties by setting Major-General Overton and Mr. Portman and divers others illegally committed by the late Protector at Liberty without paying Fees and declaring their Imprisonment and Detention illegal and unjust and had their Lord-Jaylor Berkstead and others at their Bar under question for the same who was also Arrested upon the Exchange in London at the Suit of the said Overton for false Imprisonment And had also a high resentment of the illegal sending Free-born English-men against their wills to the Barbadoes and other Forrain Plantations and to the Isles of Guernsey and Iersey out of the reach of the Writ of Habeas Corpus and had appointed a strict Bill to be prepared for remedy thereof And had Examined and discovered many other Grievances brought upon the people by the Officers and Farmers of the Excise and others and by Major-Generals amongst which Butler was for his insolent actings and high affronts to the Law and Courts of Justice put out of the Commission of the Peace and a Committee appointed to draw up an Impeachment against him The Committee also for Inspection before-mentioned had brought in and reported to the House the state of the publick Accounts and of the Martial and Civil Lists in the three Nations by which it did appear That the yearly Incomes of England Scotland and Ireland came to Eighteen hundred sixty eight thousand seven hundred and seventeen pounds And the yearly Expences to Two Millions two hundred and one thousand five hundred and forty pounds So that Three hundred thirty two thousand eight hundred twenty three pounds of Debt incurred yearly by the ill management of double the Revenue that ever King of England enjoyed And to maintain the unjust Conquest of Scotland cost us yearly One hundred sixty three thousand six hundred and nineteen pounds more than the Revenue it yielded Many other particulars were under their consideration as to the Religion and Civil Rights of the people too long now to be mentioned but in short to give them their due they did some good whilest they sate both to the publick and particulars and intended much more and did no hurt gave no Offices nor Gratuities to themselves out of the publick Treasure nor granted any money from the people which is more than can be said of any Parliament in our memory Proceeding thus successfully and hopefully to the general satisfaction of the people in the three Nations who chose them the Protector and chief Officers of the Army who were jealous of one another before and Competitors for Government grew now jealous of the House of Commons also who being the Representatives of the people were become also their Minions and Favourites It was therefore now thought seasonable to contend among themselves for the power before the people should recover it from them both In order to which the General Council of Officers kept their constant Meetings at Wallingford-house and the Protector with his party countermined them at White-hall but we must interrupt the thred of this story to iâ—tromit the year 1659. which began with the Voyage into the Sound Anno Dom. 1659. THe former respects and mutual designes betwixt the King of Sweden and Cromwel which had been promoted so far as to a Treaty concerning places of caution for our Engagement and Expence in the Danish War Elsenore-Castle newly taken by the Swede Gottenburgh in his own Province being demanded and Gluckstad and another place offered in lieu thereof though without any conclusion by the Death of Cromwel obliged his son Richard and the Council upon the request of the Swede to send a Fleet into the Baltick-sea and in the mean time Sea-Officers and Seamen were taken into his Service who set to Sea in December before but by stormy and cold weather were forced back again divers of them by the hardship of the Voyage dying at their return under the Command of Sir George Ayscue who was upon his arrival to be Commissioned High-Admiral of Sweden to mate the Dutch who then openly sided with the Dane and had a Fleet of War ranging thereabouts The Parliament likewise to secure the Commerce and Trade of those parts condescended to the Expedition with the Conditions and Limitations aforesaid At the end of March General Montague was Commissioned by Richard with a Fleet of 40 sail of the best ships and manned accordingly who in ten days time from Yarmouth arrived at the Scaw and so to Elsenore where the King of Sweden was before the Dutch Vice-Admiral de Ruyter who was coming with another Fleet out of Holland to re-inforce his Admiral Opdam then at Copenhagen The General here met with Instructions from his Majesty to whose Cause he had upon the disposition of affairs betwixt the Army and Protector devoted himself
besides Servants Then another Troop of about Two hundred in Velvet-Coats the Foot-men and Liveries in Purple Next a Troop under Colonel Sir Iohn Robinson with Buff-coats Cloath of Silver-sleeves and Green-scarves After this a Troop in Blew Liveries and Silver-lace Colours red fringed with Silver about Two hundred Next another Troop with six Trumpets seven Foot-men in Sea-green and Silver their Colours Pink Fringed with Silver Then a Troop with their Liveries Gray and Blew Thirty Foot-men Four Trumpets about Two hundred and twenty their Colours Sky Fringed with Silver under the Earl of Northampton Another of Gray Liveries Six Trumpets Colours Sky and Silver about One hundred and five led by the Lord Goring Another of Seventy Another Troop led by the Lord Cleveland of about Three hundred Noblemen and Gentry another Troop of about One hundred black Colours One more Troop of Three hundred Horse led by the Lord Mordant After these came Two Trumpets with his Majesties Arms the Sheriffs-men in Red-cloaks and Silver-lace with Half-pikes Seventy two in number Then followed the Gentlemen that rid out of the several Companies of London with their respective Streamers all in Velvet Coats with Gold Chains every Company having its Footmen with different Liveries After these a Kettle-drum and five Trumpets The Citizens being in number about Six hundred After these Twelve Ministers then his Majesties Life-guard led by Sir Gilbert Gerrard and Major Roscarrock The City-Marshal with eight Footmen with the City-Waits and Officers in order then the two Sheriffs and all the Aldermen of London among whom much wondring there was at Aldermen Ireton in their Scarlet Gowns and rich Trappings with Footmen in Liveries Red-coats laced with Silver and Cloath of Gold The Maces and Heralds in their Rich coats the Lord Mayor bare carrying the Sword his Excellency and Duke of Buckingham bare also and then as the lustre to all this splendid Triumph rode the King himself between his two Royal Brothers which order he had all along ever since the overture of his return observed After them came a Troop bare with White Colours then the General 's Life-guard and another Troop of Gentry Last of all Five Regiments of the Army-Horse with Back Brest and Head-piece which diversified the Show with delight and Terrour Thus have you in a view all that pleased and gratified the Eye but no Pen or Tongue is able to express those ravishing and loud musical notes of Acclamations and Vive le Roy's which charmed the Ears of all Loyal Subjects even to Extasie and Transportation and with which his Majesty himself who endured the din of it all that day was so pleasingly affected With these joyful accents he was brought to his Palace of White-hall where after the Lord Mayor had took his leave his Majesty went up to the Lords where a Speech was made to him in the Banqueting-house where both Lords and Commons awaited him by the Earl of Manchester Speaker of the House of Lords by which that Posterity may know the sense of the Kingdome upon this Miraculous Change it is here Recorded THat this day may prove happy to your Majesty is the hope the Expectation and the earnest desire of my Lords the Peers whose Commands are upon me to make this humble Tender to your Majesty of their Loyal joy for your Majesties safe Return to your Native Kingdome and for this happy Restoration of your Majesty to your Crown and Dignity after so long and so severe a Supression of your just Right and Title I shall not reflect upon your Majesties Sufferings which have been your Peoples Miseries yet I cannot omit to say That as the Nation in general so the Peers with a more personal and particular sense have felt the stroke that cut the Gordian Knot which fastned your Majesty to your Kingdome and your Kingdome to your Majesty For since those strange and various Fluctuations and Discomposuâ—es in Government since those horrid and unparallel'd Violations of all Order and Iustice Strangers have Ruled over us even with a Rod of Iron But now with satisfaction of heart we own and see your Majesty our Native King and Son of the wise a Son of the antient Kings whose hand holds forth a Golden Scepter Great King Give me leave to speak the Confidence as well as the Desires of the Peers of England Be you the Powerful Defender of the true Protestant Faith the Iust Assertor and Maintainer of the Laws and Liberties of your Subjects so shall Judgment run down like a River and Justice like a mighty stream and God the God of your Mercy who hath so miraculously preserved you will establish your Throne in Righteousness and in Peace Dread Soveraign I offer no flattering Titles but speak the Words of Truth you are the desire of Three Kingdoms the Strength and the Stay of the Tribes of the People for the moderating of Extremities the reconciling of differences the satisfying of all interests and for the restoring of the collapsed Honour of these Nations Their Eyes are toward your Majesty their Tongues with loud Acclamations of Ioy speak the thoughts and Loyal intentions of their Hearts their Hands are lift up to Heaven with Prayers and Praises and what Oral Triumph can equal this your Pomp and Glory Long may your Majesty Live and Reign a Support to your Friends a Terrour to your Enemies an Honour to your Nation and an Example to Kings of Piety Iustice Prudence and Power that this Prophetick Expression may be verified in your Majesty King Charles the Second shall be greater than ever was the greatest of that Name His MAjESTIES Gracious Answer to the Earl of Manchester's Speech My Lord I Am so disordered by my Iourney and with the Noise still sounding in my Ears which I confess was pleasing to me because it expressed the Affections of my People as I am unfit at the present to make such a Reply as I desire yet thus much I shall say unto you That I take no greater Satisfaction to my Self in this my Change than that I find my Heart really set to endeavour by all means for the Restoring of this Nation to their Freedome and Happiness And I hope by the advice of my Parliament to effect it Of this also you may be confident That next to the Honour of God from whom principally I shall ever own this Restoration to my Crown I shall study the Welfare of my People And shall not only be a True Defender of the Faith But a Iust Assertor of the Laws and Liberties of my Subjects This passed the King retired to Supper and soon after to his rest where it was time he should find it after so many difficulties and turmoils in the World for Twenty whole years together But the Citizens were not so weary of their Joy and Triumph for as soon as Night came an Artificial day was begun again the whole City seeming to be one great Light as indeed properly it was a Luminary of
mens Fates did usher out what their devices had introduced as great Events never go unattended the Solemn League and Covenant first invented by Arguile and his Complices which had raised such a Combustion in the three Kingdoms was Sacrificed to the Flames by a Vote in Parliament the common Hang-man in ample manner burning it in several places in London which also was done all the Kingdom over with great Acclamations which being omitted hitherto when so often unwelcome occasion hath been given to recite it take it now in this its Mittimus A Solemn League and Covenant for Reformation and Defence of Religion c. WE Noblemen Barons Knights Gentlemen Citizens Burgesses Ministers of the Gospel and Commons of all sorts in the Kingdoms of England Scotland and Ireland by the providence of God living under one King and being of one Reformed Religion having before our eyes the Glory of God and the Advancement of the Kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ the Honour and Happiness of the Kings Majesty and his Posterity and the true Publick Liberty Safety and Peace of the Kingdoms wherein every ones private Condition is included And calling to minde the Treacherous and Bloody Plots Conspiracies Attempts and Practises of the Enemies of God against the true Religion and Professors thereof in all places especially in these three Kingdoms ever since the Reformation of Religion and how much their Rage Power and Presumption are of late and at this time encreased and exercised whereof the deplorable Estate of the Church and Kingdom of Ireland the distressed estate of the Church and Kingdom of England and the dangerous Estate of the Church and Kingdom of Scotland are present and publick Testimonies We have now at last after other means of Supplication Remonstrance Protestations and Sufferings for the Preservation of our selves and our Religion from utter Ruine and Destruction according to the commendable practice of these Kingdoms in former times and the example of God's People in other Nations after mature deliberation resolved and determined to enter into a Mutual and Solemn League and Covenant wherein we all subscribe and each one of us for himself with our Hands lifted up to the most High God do Swear 1. THat we shall sincerely really and constantly through the Grace of God endeavour in our several Places and Callings the Preservation of the Reformed Religion in the Church of Scotland in Doctrine Worship Discipline and Government against our Common Enemies The Reformation of Religion in the Kingdoms of England and Ireland in Doctrine Worship Discipline and Government according to the Word of God and the Example of the best Reformed Churches and shall endeavour to bring the Churches of God in the three Kingdoms to the neerest Conjunction and Vniformity in Religion Confession of Faith Form of Church-Government Directory of Worship and Catechising That we and our Posterity after us may as Brethren live in Faith and Love and the Lord may delight to dwell in the midst of us 2. That we shall in like manner without respect of persons endeavour the extirpation of Popery Prelacy that is Church-Government by Arch-Bishops Bishops their Chancellors and Commissaries Deans Deans and Chapters Arch-Deacons and all other Ecclesiastical Officers depending on that Hierarchy Superstition Heresie Schism Prophaneness and whatsoever shall be found to be contrary to Godliness and sound Doctrine and the power of Godliness left we partake in other mens sins and thereby be in danger to receive of their plagues And that the Lord may be one and his Name one in the three Kingdoms 3. We shall with the same sincerity reality and constancy in our several Vocations endeavour with our Estates and Lives mutually to preserve the Rights and Priviledges of the Parliaments and the Liberties of the Kingdoms and to preserve and defend the Kings Majesties person and Authority in the preservation and defence of the true Religion and Liberties of the Kingdoms That the World may bear Witness with our Consciences of our Loyalty that we have no thoughts or intentions to diminish his Majesties just Power and Greatness 4. We shall also with all faithfulness endeavour the discovery of all such as have been or shall be Incendiaries Malignants or evil Instruments by hindering the Reformation of Religion dividing the King from his people or one of the Kingdoms from another or making any Faction or parties amongst the people contrary to this League and Covenant that they may be brought to publick Trial and receive condigne punishment as the degree of their offences shall require or deserve or the supreme Iudicatories of both Kingdoms respectively or others having power from them for that effect shall judge convenient 5. And whereas the happiness of a blessed Peace between these Kingdoms denied in former times to our Progenitors is by the good providence of God granted unto us and hath been lately concluded and setled by both Parliaments We shall each one of us according to our place and interest endeavour that they may remain conjoyned in a firm Peace and Vnion to all Posterity and that justice may be done upon the wilful opposers thereof in manner expressed in the precedent Article 6. We shall also according to our Places and Callings in this common Cause of Religion Liberty and Peace of the Kingdoms assist and defend all those that enter into this League and Covenant in the maintaining and pursuing thereof and shall not suffer our selves directly or indirectly by whatsoever Combination Perswasion or Terrour to be divided and withdrawn from this blessed Vnion and Conjunction whether to make defection to the contrary part or to give our selves to a detestible indifferency or neutrality in this Cause which so much concerns the Glory of God the good of the Kingdoms and Honour of the King but shall all the daies of our lives zealously and constantly continue therein against all opposition and promote the same according to our power against all Lets and Impediments whatsoever And what we are not able our selves to suppress or overcome we shall reveal or make known that it may be timely prevented or removed All which we shall doe as in the sight of God And because these Kingdoms are guilty of many sins and provocations against God and his Son Iesus Christ as is too manifest by our present distresses and dangers the fruits thereof We profess and declare before God and the World our unfeigned desire to be humbled for our own sins and for the sins of these Kingdoms especially that we have not as we ought valued the inestimable benefit of the Gospel That we have not laboured for the Purity and Power thereof and that we have not endeavoured to receive Christ in our Hearts nor to walk worthy of him in our Live◠which are the Causes of other sins and transgressions so much abounding amongst 〈◊〉 and our true unfaigned purpose desire and endeavour for our selves and all others under our Power and Charge both in publick and
defend themselves so that the River was quite covered with men and Horses The Count made use of the opportunity not taking so much as one Prisoner so that between killing and drowning very few escap'd though above 10000 in all above a thousand of their Horses were taken coming out of the water A considerable prevention of their entring Stiermark and coming up as far as Grats without any possibility of opposition The like success had the Portugals against the Spaniards taking the Town of Ginaldo in Gallicia wherein was the Magazine of Spain Afterwards giving Battle to Don Iohn of Austria who commanded 7000 Horse 12000 Foot and 18 pieces of Ordnance they routed him in the open field and took all his Bag and Baggage being assisted by the English They slew 1000 took 4000 Prisoners and most of the eminent Commanders But a worse fate had attended the Protestants of Piedmont had not they sâ—outly defended themselves For while their Delegates were pleading for them at Turin under the Protection and Safe-conduct of the Duke of Savoy their Sovereign Prince protesting their Loyalty and Submission to him his Forces to the number of between 16 or 18000 Horse and Foot entred the Valleys at Prerustine St. Bartholomew Rocheplate and other places endeavouring to possess themselves of Angrogue and St. Martins two of the strongest Holds in all the Valley of Piedmont In their way they set all on fire cut and tore the Vines and destroy'd all The Inhabitants seeing themselves assaulted contrary to Faith given and seeing they were undone made head the Fight was hot for the time but though the Savoyards were thirty for one they were at length forc'd to retreat with the loss of above a thousand men kill'd and wounded and many Officers All which was said to be done by the Iesuits Council de Propaganda Fide Anno Dom. 1664. WE shall begin this Year with the Trial of several persons for their Lives being of the same Party with those last Year executed at York The greatest part of their hopes of destroying his Majesty was built upon the confidence of a power they had as well to divide and distract his Friends as unite his Enemies which they endeavour'd to do by divers false and scandalous Rumors which upon all occasions they scatter'd among the people as being one half of their business The Tragedy was to have begun in the Counties of Westmerland Durham and Yorkshire by seizing upon Carlisle all the eminent Persons and Justices of the Peace of the said Counties and what Publick Treasure they could find A small Party met at Kirkby-Steven but failing of their number soon dispers'd themselves again Several were executed particularly at Appleby Robert Waller Stephen Weatherhead and Henry Petty But such was the inveterate malice of these kind of people such was the Influence of Ejected Ministers among them that notwithstanding so many persons had suffer'd the year before yet at Newbury the Mayor and Company of the Town being met upon Easter Tuesday to chuse Church-wardens for the year ensuing they were assaulted by a rude and confus'd multitude of all sorts of Phanaticks some crying one thing and some another and though sundry times excluded by the Constables that were call'd to keep the peace yet they still broke in with fresh clamours crying out that it did not belong to the Mayor and Company but the whole Parish to make the choice In fine they came to this at last that they did not matter who was chosen so one Pocock render'd odious to the Rabble for his Loyalty to the King were not one But Sir Thomas Doleman coming immediately to Town upon notice of the disorder with a Guard of Soldiers seiz'd the chief sticklers who were afterwards proceeded against according to their demerits And understanding that certain Grand Phanaticks being charg'd with Arms refus'd to send in their men he with the rest of the Deputy-Lieutenants caus'd them to be fin'd and levied their fines by distress of their goods In the mean time notice being taken of several dangerous applications made to some Prisoners in the Tower Mildmay Wallop Fleetwood and Garland were sent away to Tangier and certain other Prisoners dispos'd of into other places of security This Month also brought Intelligence of the proceedings of the Earl of Teviot then Governor of Tangier who finding Gayland unwilling to comply with him in his propounded Articles of Peace resolv'd to make use of Force and having worsted the Moor in an Attack which he made upon the English with great courage and vigor for some time afterwards undisturb'd began and finish'd a great part of the outermost Fortifications and to make room for the English and Strangers of better account turn'd all the Jews out of the City Now was it less welcom news for his Majesty to hear that his Embassador Sir Rich. Fanshaw was magnificently receiv'd and entertain'd by the King of Spain in testimony of the high value which that King put upon his Majesties Alliance and the reverence he had for that Correspondence which so great an Embassador was sent to continue and preserve between both Kingdoms But as if the heat of the Spring had warm'd the English bloods His Majesty and his Parliament at this time sitting began to take into their deep Consideration the great Complaints that had been made against the Dutch whose injuries and affronts had not a little enrag'd the Nation Whereupon a Report being made by Mr. Clifford of their Encroachments upon Trade from a Committee appointed to examine that affair Thereupon the House made two Resolves the Substance of which were That the wrongs dishonours and indignities the damages affronts and injuries done by the Subjects of the United Provinces to our Merchants were the greatest Obstructions to Forein Trade That His Majesty should be mov'd to take speedy and effectual course for the redress thereof and that they would assist him with their lives and fortunes against all opposition whatsoever The Lords concurr'd and thereupon both Houses attended his Majesty who declar'd his Royal Sense and high Esteem of their care and tenderness for the Honor and Good of the Nation Letting them farther know That he would examine and prove the particular Complaints that he would demand satisfaction by a Publick Minister and do his utmost endeavour to secure his Subjects from the like Violences for the future depending upon the Promise of both Houses to stand by him Upon which Declaration both Houses return'd their humble and hearty Thanks April 6 th Soon after this the King came to the House pass'd two particular Acts the one for holding Parliaments once in three years at least and repealing a former Act call'd An Act for preventing the inconveniencies by long intermissions of Parliament At the signing thereof his Majesty gave them thanks for their ready concurring in a thing so advantageous to the Nation and for recalling the other so prejudicial and so
States finding the Weather unseasonable and their Ships much shattered by Tempests thought fit to call their Fleet home and to put an end to any further occasion for this year Saving only that five of the English Frigats meeting with five of the Dutch of 38 and 36 Guns a piece took the Admiral and two more and chac'd the other two ashore Being return'd Tromp and De Ruyter fell out laying the blame of all the Summers Losses and Miscarriages upon one another The States in favour of De Ruyter took away Tromp's Commission and confin'd him to Amsterdam and a second Examination and Execution was done upon many of their Officers for Cowardise and others deeply Fin'd But now to return homeward in Guernsey the Governour of Chousey in France together with the Pilot or Master that brought him were apprehended for bringing a Letter to Major-General Lambert there in Prison and offering a contrivance by his escape to engage him against the publick Peace At first though the Dâ—signe was fully prov'd against him he denied all but the next day confessing the whole matter and retracting what he had said the day before he and the Pilot were both Executed upon the common Gallows for Spies Thus were the English sâ—cure enough from Forrein Enemies but the City of London had now to grapple with an Adversary more powerful than all their Machinations For upon the second of September about one of the clock in the Morning broke out a most sad and deplorable Fire in Pudding-lane neer New Fish street which falling out at that time of the Night and in a quarter of the City so close and built with Wooden Pitchâ—d Houses spread it self before Day so far and with such distraction to the Inhabitants that due care was not taken by them for the timely preventing the further dâ—ffusion of it by pulling down Houses as ought to have been so that in a short time the Fire began to be too big to be master'd by any Engines or working neer it It fell out most unhappily also that a violent Eatterly Wind somented it and kept it burning all that Day and the Night following spreading it self up to Grace-Church-Street and downwards from Cannon-street to the Water-side as far as the Three Cranes in the Vintrey The People in all parts were distracted by the vastness thereof and their particular care to carry away their own Goods yet many attempts were at length made to prevent the spreading of it by pulling down Houses and making great Intervals but all in vain the Fire seizing upon the Timber and Rubbish and so continuing its progress through those spaces and raging in a bright Flame all Mundy and Tuesday notwithstanding the King and Duke of York took most indefatigable pains night and day to apply all possible remedies to prevent it At length the Wind slackning on Tuesday-night and the Flames meeting with Brick buildings in the Temple by little and little it was observ'd to lose its force on that side On Wednesday-morning by the personal care and labour of the Duke of York a stop was put to it at the Temple-Church as also neer Holborn-bridge Piâ—-corner Aldersgate Cripplegate at the lower end of Coleman-street the hither end of Bishops-gate-street at Leaden-hall and the Stand in Cornhil at the Church in Fen-Church street at Cloathworkers-ball in Mincing-lane in the middle of Mark-lane and at Tower-Dock On Thursday it was wholly Extinguisht but so as that Evening it burst out again at the Temple by the falling of some sparkles upon a Pile of Wooden building But the Duke of York who all that night watch'd there in Person so encourag'd the People with his presence that by blowing up the Houses about it before day they most happily master'd it Two strangers Dutch and French were during the Fire Apprehended and Imprison'd and afterwards Examin'd by the Chief Justice of the King's-Bench assisted by the Lords of the Council Though notwithstanding that suspition it was most generally concluded to have been the Effect of some unhappy Chance or to speak better the heavy hand of Heaven About the Tower the seasonable Orders that were given for plucking down Houses to secure the Magazines of Powder were more successful that part being up the Wind though the Fire came almost to the very Gates by which early provision the several Stores of War lodg'd in the Tower were entirely sav'd It was observ'd that this Fire first happen'd in such a part of the Town where though the Commodities were not very rich yet they were so bulkie that they could not be well remov'd so that the Inhabitants sustain'd no very great loss of Goods but the other parts of the Town where the Commodities were of greater value took the Alarm so early that they sav'd the greatest part of their richest Merchandizes which did not a little diminish the loss Through this sad Accident it is easie to be imagin'd how many persons were necessitated to remove their Goods into the open Fields where they were forc'd to continue some time therefore the King was frequent in Consulting all ways to relieve these distressed persons as well by his Proclamations as Orders to the Justices of the Peace to send Provisions to the Markets Commanding the Victualler of his Navy to send Bread into Moor-fields which for the more speedy supply was sent in Bisket out of the Sea-stores The Fire being thus happily quench'd the King Proclaim'd a General Fast through England and Wales and order'd that the distresses of those who had more particularly suffer'd in that Calamity should be recommended to the Charity of all well-disposed persons upon that day to be afterwards distributed by the hands of the Lord Mayor of the City of London And to shew his Pious Care for the Cities Restoration he passed a Declaration in Council wherein he first prohibited the hastie Building any Edifices till care could be taken for its Re-edification so as might best secure it from the like Accidents That no person should Erect any House or Building but of Brick or Stone That the most Eminent Streets should be of a breadth and that no streets especially toward the Water should be so narrow as to render the passages inconvenient That a fair Wharf should be left all along the River-side no Houses being to be built but at such a Distance and none of those Houses to be Inhabited by Dyers Brewers or Sugar-Bakers That an Exact Survey should be made of the Ruines for the satisfaction of particular Interests and that a Model should be fram'd of the whole Building He also Recommended the Re-building of the Churches to the Charity and Magnanimity of well-affected Persons And for encouragement of others promis'd to Re-build his own Custom-House and to enlarge it for the benefit of Merchants which he afterwards did accordingly at his own Charge He also engaged to part with all his right and benefit upon all his
Trim 164. Preston in Lancashire 178. Dunbar 273 Worcester 397 Beaufort encountered by Argier Pyratâ—s 546 Slain 576 Bâ—nnet Sir Humphrey 404 Benson Captain Executed 270 Beaumont a Minister Murthered at Pontfraict 227 Berkenhead Sir John Knighted 512 Berkley Sir John 98. Berkley Sir John and Col. Walter Slingsby 258 Bernard's Treachery rewarded 395 Betteley John Quartered 404 Bishops 12. Accused of high Treason to the Tower ten of them 26. Their Charge ibid. Restored to their Honours 502 Biddle an Infamous seducer 369 Blake blocks up Prince Rupert at Lisbon 256 At Lisbon again 267. A wary Commander 366. At Porto-Ferina defeats the Pyrates 372. Sails for the Coast of Spain 381. His desperate attempt upon the Spaniard in Sancta Cruz Fight 391. Fires the Spanish Fleet there ibid. Dies returning into England 402. His Character and Funeral ibid. Blackburn vide Moris Blackness yielded 288 Blechingdon-house 74 Blood attempts the Crown 580 Bourdeaux French Embassador owns Cromwel 359 Boys Sir John 62 Boyle Dean his management of affair with Cromwel about Articles for the English 252 Booth Sir George riseth in Cheshire 424 Defeated and taken 425. Sent to the Tower and Examined by Vane and Haslerig 426. Obtains his liberty of the Rump uppon Bail 433 Bramhal Dr. dies 522 Bradshaw the bold President of the high Court of Iustice 106 to 217. Dies 430 Bradshaw Agent at Hamburg and Denmark 334 Brain sent General to Jamaica 381 Brandenburghers 547 Mortogh O Brian lays down last Armes in Ireland 356 Breda the place of Treaty 560. English Embassadors there ibid. Plenipotentiaries meet Peace concluded 563 Bristol intended to be surprized for the King 45 46. Taken by his Forces 47. By Fairfax 87 Bristol Earl honoured with the Garter 344 Bridgewater taken 82 Brickbat flung at the Protector 's Coach 358 Broughton Col. 296 Broughil Lord lands in Munster with Forces from England 246. Defeats David Roch and hangs the Bishop of Ross 252. Brown Major-General 57. Reconciled to the King at Holmby 128. In a new designe discovered 434 Brown Bushel beheaded 285 Brooks Lord killed 42 Brunt-Island taken 294 Brunswick besieged and surrendred 583 Buchanan's Book burnt in Scotland 526 Buckingham Duke 177. sent into Holland 584 Buckhurst Lord c. 505 Burleigh Capt. 163 Butler Col. Richard taken 242 C Cahiâ— Castle weakly yielded 521 Calamy Minister Committed 514 Canons made against the Church of Rome and justifying this 12 Capel Lord Tryed and Sentenced 228. and Beheaded his noble deportment 229 Carlisle Earl sent into Sweden 572 Cavalcaâ—e and Procession from 474 to 486 Campeach taken 520 Canary prohibited 556 Candia besieged 559. Surrendred 577 Carlisle yielded to the Scots 106 Carnarvan slain 50 51 Casimire King of Poland dies in France 590 Carrick taken by Treachery 247. Attempted in vain to be recovered from Colonel Reynolds 248 Carteret Sir George Governour of Jersey 255 Castlehaven Earl for the King in Ireland and against the Nuntio's party 238 Casualties 315 Cavaliers to depart London 258. Conspire against Cromwel 366. Their Plot again discovered 401. They Plot against the Rump 423 Ceremonies in Religion one main cause of the War opposed and murmured at 2 3 Cessation granted by the Scots upon very difficult terms 15 Cessation agreed in Ireland 53 Chains of Gold and Medals given to the chief Sea-Officers 349 Chaloner Chute Speaker dies 416 Chancery regulated 368 Character of the Kings Iudges 196 to 203 Charles Prince in the Downs 175. At Goree in Holland 176 Charles the second Proclaimed King by dispersed papers 225 Chester Charter taken away 427 Chichister City 42 Chepstow-Castle taken by Sir Nicholas Kemish 171 St. Christophers and the Cariby Islands subdued 307 Christmass day Celebrated 398 City Alarm'd with a pretended Plot 403 City invite Parliament and Army to dinner 429. Send Sword-bearer to Gen. Monke 435. Their Gates and Portcullices pulled down 437 City and Companies feasts the General 438 Their joy upon the King's return 453 Lend the King Money 575 528 551 City Building begins 556 Citadels built in Scotland 313 Claypool's Lady dies buried 404 Dr. Clargis also Mr. Caryl Minister c. sent to Gen. Monke in Scotland 432 Clanrickard Marq. his services 249. Substituted Lord-Governour of Ireland 251. Defeated by Col. Axtel 277. Lays down his Arms 324 Clubmen 83 Clement Gregory 255 Clifford Lord made Lord Treasurer 588. Resignes his Staff 591 Clogher Bishop defeated 267 Clonmel yielded after a stout resistance 252 Colchester Siege 175 Cock-matches and Horse-races prohibited 359 Committee appointed for inspection of Charters 381. Committee of Safety 429. Like not themselves declare for another Parliament 433 Common-prayer abolished 69 Commonwealth altered by Cromwel 338 Composition 88 Compton Dr. made Bishop of Oxford 599 Commissioners in Scotland 166 Commission of the Great Seal altered 359 Commissioners for approbation of Ministers 359 Commissioners to treat with the King at the Isle of Wight 183 Commissioners to General Monke from the City 436 Commissioners to the King at Breda arrive at the Hague 447 Commissioners of the Treasury 563. To take account of publick Money ibid. To hear Seamens complaints 564 Cologne Treaty 594 Colmaer Battle 601 Colliers the Dutch designe 337 Confederate party of Irish Rebels 250 Confirmation of Acts 500 Constable Sir William dies and buried in Hen. 7th's Chappel 373 Contents of the Kings Declaration from Breda 445 Convocation in England grant 5th part of their Livings to Scotch War 12 Convention in Ireland 440 Conway Lord defeated 13 Coronation of the King 475 to 496 Cotterel Sir Charles sent to Brussels 532 Court erected for rebuilding the City 556 County-troops established 373 Councellors several Privy-Councillors made 584 Covenant first in Scotland what 7. Taken 45. Burnt by the Hangman 498 to 500 Council of State erected 226. New chosen 258 named by Cromwel 343. Supream power named by the Rump 421. A new one appointed 435 Courts of Iustice in Ireland 332 Courts â—it in the interval of the Rupture by Lambert 343 Coot Sir Charles defeats the Irish 250 267 305. His Stratagem on Galloway in Ireland for a free Parliament 438. Died 503 Cooper a Minister Executed 278 Corke vide Youghal Cowley Abr. dies 564 Craven Lord his Case 291 365 offered again to the Parliament but deferred by the Protector 392 Crew Dr. Bishop of Durham 599 Crosses demolished 45 Cromwel Lieutenant-General at Marston-moor at Islip 59 74 112 His Conspiracy in seizing the King at Holmby 129. Complements and Courts the King 144. And then abuseth him 147. Awes the Votes of Non-addresses 162. His Politicks on People City and King 163. Collogues the City and Parliament for fear of the Scots 165. Marcheth into Scotland 178. Makes the Scots disband 179. Treacherously surprizeth the Levellers his subtile Clemency 234. Graduated at Oxford ibid. And presented and treated by the City of London 234. Made Lord-Governour of Ireland 237. Lands there ibid. Storms Tredagh his cruelty and policy there Winter-quarter at Youghal 254. Sent for by Letters leaves Ireland and Ireton in
the Parliament did Barebone 's Parliament dissolved Dec. 12. Squib 's and Harrison 's Speeches upon this occasion in the House The Speaker resignes the Instrument The Protector Install's Dec. 16. The heads of the Module of Government The Protector 's Oath The Proclamation of the Protector Major-Gen Harrison and other Colonels disgust the Usurper The Anabaptists and Sectaries favoured by the Protector His Council The Dutch Embassadors have Audience Col. Lilburn chief Commander in Scotland He defeats the Royalists Col. Wogan slain Mortogh O Brian submits March Cromwel inclined to Friendship with the French The Frigats at Brest rove at Sea Serjeants at Law made The Dutch Peace The Protector Dines at Grocers-hall and Knights Alderman Viner Feb. 8 A Brick-bat flung at the Protectors Coach Gen. Monke sent by the Protector to Scotland to command in chief A Plot. Col. Gerrard c. seized Feb. Cromwel sends his Son Henry into Ireland Cromwel ensures himself Whitlock Embassador to Sweden owns the Protector Monsieur Burdeaux Embassador in Ordinary to the Protector Commissioners Nye c. for approbation of Ministers March Cock-matches and Horse-races prohibited and all such concourses of people The Commission of the Great Seal altered Hannah Trapnel a Quaking Prophetess secured Scotch Estates sold. Gen. Monke proclaims Oliver at Edenburgh Arguile sides with the English A High Court of Iustice. Lisle President thereof Col. Gerrard and Vowel Executed July 10. Col. John Gerrard aâ—d the Portugal Embassador's Brother Beheaded July 10. Ships blown up neer London Bridge A short account of the Highland War The Earl of Glencarn submits to the English The Farewel to the Scotch War The King through Leige to the Spaw Cromwel falls from his Coach-box Mr. Scrugg's Counsellorâ— A Parliament and met Sep. 3. Cromwel's Speech Sâ—vera Orâ—â—nances pubâ—iâ—hed in Pâ—â—â—iament The designe on the West-Indies Sep. The Parl. Examine the Cases of the Lord Craven and Sir John Stawel The Duke of Gloucester with the King at Colen Gen. Blake a wary Commander Cromwel's Mother dieth and is Buried in State in Hen. 7th 's Chappel Mr. John Selden dyes Fleetwood made Deputy of Ireland Steel Lord-Chancellour and Pepys Lord-Chief-Iustice The Cavaliers and Fifth-Monarchy-Plot Maj. Gen. Overton Col. Okey and other Officers Cashiered Overton Committed to the Tower The Kings designe discovered by Manning Sir Ralph Vernon Imprisoned Western Insurrection Sir Joseph Wagstaff Col. Penruddock and Grove at Salisbury The King Proclaimed at Blandford March Penruddock and Grove taken Sir Joseph Wagstaff escapes Manning shot in the Duke of Newburgh 's Country A terrable fire in Fleet-street London another at Abetsoyle in Scotland Major Wildman Committed The Chancery and Hackney-Coaches regulated A great fire in Thredneedle-street London Harris a great Châ—â—t Heresies and Sects Biddle a famous seducer Publisher of the Racovian Catechism The Turkish Alchoran Englished The three grand Impostors a seditious piece Hispaniola and Jamaica Expidition A suddâ—â— and strange Deâ—eat to the English They Rally And are again Defeated by the Spaniards Considerations of this defeat James Duke of Richmond dieth Windsor Knights The Tryal of Penruddock c. May. Six Condemned at Salisbury 26 at Exeter And sive at Chard Major Hunt 's handsome escape Transportation of Royalists June Iesuits Exiled Iudges Thorp and Newdigate lay down their Commissions Marquess De Lede in England Cromwel pretends to compassionate the Waldenses Mr. Moreland in Savoy Serj. Maynard c. to the Tower Porta Ferino fight Apr. 4. Nath. Fiennes made Cromwel 's Lord Privy-Seal Steel made Lord Chief-â—aron Lambert Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Glyn made Lord Chieâ—-Iustice Cromwel gives preserments to several Officers and others Sir Wil. Constable one of the Kings Iudges dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel A terrible fire at Lambeth The Nobility and Gentry of England secured An Agent from the Prince of Transilvania departs The King of Sweden in Poland A Swedish Embassador Hannum the infamous Thief breaks Prison and escapes Pen returns and Venables Sept. King Charles at Frankfort He is honourably treated by the Prince Elector of Mentz Dury a Minister one of Cromwel 's Agents An Embassador from Venice complements Cromwel Arguile comes to kiss his Hands French peace concluded Octob. 24. The Royal Family of England Excluded The Spaniard declare a war with England The Loyal Clergie supprest â—â—omwel 〈◊〉 a new Authority Autâ—â—â—y Royalists forbid to wear Arms. Mr. Davison c. escapes at St. James's They kill a Souldier and are retaken are Indicted for Murther but found guilty onely of Man-slaughter Cromwel and the Jews treat about a Toleration Manasseh Ben Israel their Agent Note that it cost the people of England a whole fifteenth to get them expelled in Ed. r. Earl of Glencarn Prisoner in Edenborough 23 persons killed by the fall of Spalding Abbey Sir Tho Ashcock cut his Throat Sir Thomas Wortley killed A Stationers Servant in Fleet-street hangeth himself Colonel Granthamson killed The Bp. of Armagh dieth Cromwel allowes 200 l. towards his Funeral Thames Ebbe and flow twice in two hours Sir George Sonds his two unfortunate Sons the one â—illing the other and â—s 〈◊〉 for it A rencounter at Sea Maj. General Worsley dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel Wrestling in Moor-fields forbid Hannam the great Thief Hanged A great fire at St. Johnstons in Scotland A Committee appointed for inspection of Charters Gloucester Cathedral a School-house and Church Cromwel 's designe in setting up the Maj. Generals first to awe Elections The awe of Elections to Parliament Mr. Villiers changeth his Name by patent to Danvers The Parliament met Dr. Owen Preacheth before the Protector Exclusion of Membâ—rs thrâ— Parliament Sir Thomas Widdrington chosen Speaker The King's Title to the Crown annuled A Bill for the Protector 's safety The Paâ—l promise to assist him againâ—t the Spaniards The Plate-ships taken by Capt. Stayner Sep. Marq. of Badajox one of the King of Spain 's Governours killed The Parliament appoint a day of Thanksgiving The King of Portugal dies James Naylor the Quaker appears He pâ—â—sonates our Saviour He is sentenced to stand twice in the Pillory to be twice whipt to be Stigmatized and to be Bored through the Tongue Lambert appears in his behalf The King at Bruges Several Prisoners released Sindercomb 's Plot. The Parliament congratulates Cromwel 's deliverance The Contents of the Speaker's Speech Syndercombe Condemned at the Kings-Bench by Iustice Glyn. He is sent to the Tower and the night before his Execution found dead He is buried under the Scaffold at Tower-hill a Stake being driven through his Body The Parliament dine with the Protector Jan. Alderman Pack motions Cromwel for King The Peace with Portugal Proclaimed Sir Thomas Widdrington commends the Title and Office of a King Cromwel courted to accept it The Ld. Whitlock's Speech to the Protector The Protector 's Speech to the Parliament concerning the Title of King Lambert turned off Fifth-Monarchy Plot. One Machlin 〈◊〉 in his Age. The