to_o punish_v their_o fellow_n subject_n with_o the_o utmost_a or_o beyond_o the_o rigour_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o those_o law_n and_o whereas_o one_o of_o the_o late_a act_n allow_v a_o appeal_n it_o may_v yet_o seem_v hard_a for_o a_o englishman_n to_o be_v put_v to_o that_o aftergame_n of_o a_o hopeless_a trial_n of_o his_o appeal_n by_o a_o jury_n when_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o first_o legal_a guard_n a_o grand_a jury_n to_o who_o by_o the_o laudable_a and_o ancient_a usage_n of_o england_n all_o presentment_n and_o indictment_n in_o criminal_a matter_n do_v belong_v and_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o person_n who_o be_v bring_v into_o this_o trouble_n may_v be_v under_o great_a difficulty_n whether_o to_o desire_v or_o how_o to_o manage_v his_o appeal_n when_o perhaps_o all_o his_o good_n by_o sell_v whereof_o he_o may_v provide_v money_n to_o deposit_v as_o the_o law_n require_v before_o he_o can_v be_v admit_v to_o appeal_v be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o distress_n and_o at_o last_o his_o appeal_n shall_v be_v try_v before_o the_o same_o justice_n that_o inflict_v the_o penalty_n on_o he_o and_o also_o that_o the_o prosecution_n at_o the_o trial_n shall_v be_v manage_v by_o the_o informer_n who_o be_v to_o be_v sharer_n of_o the_o profit_n they_o can_v get_v by_o the_o poor_a man_n ruin_n these_o be_v some_o of_o the_o consideration_n i_o can_v not_o omit_v to_o mention_v together_o with_o my_o wish_n that_o the_o good_a reputation_n of_o our_o ancient_a law_n may_v not_o be_v cloud_v by_o any_o more_o such_o new_a law_n as_o herein_o seem_v to_o imitate_v ecclesiastical_a court_n where_o proceed_n be_v without_o jury_n which_o it_o seem_v some_o of_o our_o clergy_n in_o time_n past_a do_v think_v to_o bring_v to_o pass_v whereof_o though_o i_o can_v mention_v some_o instance_n i_o shall_v only_o cite_v one_o full_o to_o our_o purpose_n out_o of_o the_o lord_n coke_n 2d_o part_n of_o institutes_n be_v his_o exposition_n on_o some_o statute_n fol._n 599_o etc._n etc._n where_o he_o say_v it_o will_v conduce_v much_o to_o the_o understanding_n of_o this_o matter_n to_o report_v unto_o you_o what_o article_n archbishop_n bancrost_a exhibit_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o michaelmas_n term_n 3_o jacobi_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n against_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n entitle_v certain_a article_n of_o abuse_n which_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v reform_v in_o grant_v prohibition_n and_o the_o answer_n thereunto_o upon_o mature_a deliberation_n and_o consideration_n in_o easter_n term_n follow_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n with_o one_o unanimous_a consent_n under_o their_o hand_n resolution_n which_o be_v by_o they_o deliver_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n and_o for_o distinction-sake_n because_o there_o may_v be_v occasion_n often_o to_o cite_v they_o called_z articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la 3_o jacobi_n these_o article_n and_o their_o answer_n be_v very_o long_o i_o must_v refer_v to_o be_v there_o read_v as_o be_v very_o material_a to_o be_v know_v how_o the_o clergy_n endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o multitude_n of_o business_n into_o their_o court_n to_o be_v determine_v without_o juries_n and_o so_o encroach_v upon_o and_o alter_v the_o course_n therein_o of_o our_o good_a english_a law_n and_o government_n at_o the_o end_n of_o those_o article_n and_o answer_n the_o same_o author_n further_o say_v that_o the_o clergy_n claim_v to_o interpret_v all_o statute-law_n concern_v the_o clergy_n but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o statute_n concern_v the_o clergy_n be_v a_o parcel_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n belong_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o say_v magna_fw-la est_fw-la veritas_fw-la &_o praevalet_fw-la to_o which_o as_o agree_v to_o the_o truth_n thereof_o i_o may_v add_v lex_fw-la angliae_fw-la optima_fw-la est_fw-la &_o praevalebit_fw-la i_o will_v not_o have_v any_o of_o our_o present_a clergy_n think_v i_o reflect_v on_o they_o for_o i_o true_o and_o hearty_o honour_n some_o of_o our_o bishop_n and_o dignify_v clergy_n and_o any_o other_o of_o they_o who_o soundness_n of_o doctrine_n great_a learning_n and_o good_a and_o sober_a life_n be_v and_o may_v be_v example_n for_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o for_o who_o sake_n i_o bear_v civil_a respect_n to_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o praise_v worthy_a as_o those_o good_a and_o most_o reverend_a man_n to_o who_o i_o bear_v my_o chief_a respect_n but_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o any_o of_o they_o here_o but_o that_o i_o hope_v they_o will_v leave_v off_o severe_a punish_v their_o fellow-christians_a and_o for_o bear_v one_o another_o col._n 3._o 13_o and_o study_v to_o be_v quiet_a and_o meddle_v with_o their_o own_o business_n 1_o thes._n 4._o 11._o and_o that_o by_o a_o review_v of_o these_o law_n these_o thing_n will_v in_o due_a time_n receive_v prudent_a and_o gentle_a as_o well_o as_o sufficient_a cure_n and_o remedy_n in_o parliament_n and_o now_o sir_n i_o hope_v you_o will_v pardon_v i_o for_o have_v perhaps_o be_v too_o tedious_a see_v your_o excellent_a treatise_n contain_v so_o much_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o juries_n that_o all_o that_o i_o can_v say_v may_v seem_v needless_a and_o you_o may_v think_v fit_a to_o lay_v aside_o what_o i_o have_v write_v yet_o if_o it_o only_o have_v the_o effect_n to_o dispose_v you_o to_o let_v we_o know_v to_o who_o we_o owe_v our_o acknowledgement_n for_o your_o so_o good_a book_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o every_o englishman_n who_o may_v think_v himself_o concern_v in_o our_o right_n to_o read_v and_o understand_v i_o shall_v think_v it_o enough_o to_o testify_v that_o among_o those_o you_o will_v infinite_o oblige_v thereby_o i_o shall_v desire_v to_o be_v dec._n 29._o 1681._o your_o friend_n and_o servant_n j._n m._n i_o shall_v here_o add_v a_o necessary_a post_n script_n concern_v 3_o h._n 7._o cap._n 1._o wherein_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n how_o in_o some_o special_a case_n a_o jury_n of_o enquiry_n may_v be_v fine_v that_o it_o only_o concern_v such_o matter_n and_o offence_n whereof_o indictment_n may_v be_v bring_v before_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o their_o county_n session_n if_o the_o matter_n plain_a and_o full_o prove_v and_o they_o wilful_o conceal_v the_o same_o the_o say_a justice_n of_o the_o peace_n may_v cause_v a_o new_a inquest_n to_o be_v return_v but_o the_o word_n take_v inquest_n do_v not_o give_v the_o justice_n power_n to_o name_n who_o shall_v be_v return_v which_o be_v the_o sheriff_n office_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v only_o and_o purposely_o to_o inquire_v of_o such_o concealment_n and_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o inquire_v of_o any_o other_o offence_n whatsoever_o and_o then_o after_o such_o wilful_a concealment_n be_v find_v by_o such_o inquest_n the_o same_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o the_o county_n session_n may_v fine_v the_o jury_n of_o the_o former_a inquest_n by_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o say_a clause_n of_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 3_o h._n 7._o do_v full_o and_o clear_o prove_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n juries_n be_v not_o finable_a concern_v their_o presentment_n indictment_n and_o verdict_n and_o even_o that_o clause_n since_o that_o time_n be_v one_o hundred_o ninety_o and_o four_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o have_v seldom_o or_o never_o be_v use_v our_o book_n of_o report_n of_o lawcase_n not_o afford_v any_o plain_a or_o full_a instance_n of_o any_o proceed_v on_o that_o clause_n of_o that_o statute_n therefore_o it_o may_v seem_v as_o littleton_n say_v in_o his_o book_n sect._n 108._o that_o in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v never_o see_v or_o hear_v that_o any_o action_n be_v bring_v on_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n which_o be_v make_v 20_o h._n 3._o for_o the_o matter_n he_o treat_v of_o in_o that_o section_n no_o action_n can_v be_v bring_v thereon_o for_o if_o any_o action_n may_v have_v be_v bring_v for_o that_o matter_n it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o it_o will_v some_o time_n or_o other_o have_v be_v put_v in_o ure_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v the_o ld._n coke_n in_o his_o comment_n on_o that_o place_n and_o also_o the_o judge_n in_o their_o argument_n on_o a_o late_a case_n of_o action_n bring_v on_o the_o statute_n about_o the_o return_n of_o member_n of_o parliament_n do_v cite_v the_o say_a place_n of_o littleton_n by_o which_o appear_v concern_v such_o unusual_a manner_n of_o final_a jury_n by_o the_o clause_n of_o 3_o h._n 7._o how_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v great_a caution_n in_o execute_v any_o act_n or_o statute_n where_o they_o alter_v the_o common_a law_n and_o course_n thereof_o see_v that_o act_n of_o 3_o h._n 7._o in_o that_o particular_a and_o other_o memorable_a thing_n therein_o make_v then_o such_o alteration_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o i_o forbear_v any_o further_a here_o to_o mention_v finis_fw-la
also_o no_o punishment_n whatever_o lie_v for_o or_o against_o a_o jury_n which_o consist_v of_o above_o twelve_o man_n 14._o h._n 7._o 13._o nor_o do_v attaint_v ever_o lie_v where_o the_o witness_n be_v not_o on_o oath_n or_o for_o go_v against_o what_o any_o such_o witness_n say_v nor_o in_o any_o appeal_n of_o maim_v murder_n or_o felony_n f._n n._n b._n 107._o nor_o in_o other_o appeal_v as_o regist._n 122._o attaint_n 59_o 62._o &_o 22_o ass._n 82._o say_v nor_o do_v ever_o any_o action_n lie_v against_o any_o jury_n for_o go_v against_o their_o evidence_n and_o where_o a_o attaint_n be_v bring_v it_o must_v be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o twenty_o four_o men._n the_o only_a case_n the_o judge_n have_v any_o power_n over_o juries_n in_o be_v where_o in_o their_o behaviour_n they_o become_v guilty_a of_o any_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o judge_n may_v just_o call_v a_o unlawful_a contempt_n 4_o e._n 4._o 27._o 36_o h._n 6._o 27._o or_o be_v guilty_a of_o embracery_n 5_o e._n 3._o c._n 10._o 34_o e._n 3._o c._n 8._o as_o receive_v bribe_n promise_n etc._n etc._n before_o or_o at_o the_o trial_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o case_n of_o concealment_n the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o every_o shire_n etc._n etc._n may_v take_v by_o their_o discretion_n a_o enquest_n etc._n etc._n to_o inquire_v of_o the_o concealment_n of_o other_o inquest_n take_v afore_o they_o and_o afore_o other_o of_o such_o matter_n and_o offence_n as_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v and_o present_v afore_o justice_n of_o peace_n whereof_o complaint_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o bill_n or_o bill_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o any_o such_o concealment_n be_v find_v of_o any_o enquest_n etc._n etc._n have_v or_o make_v within_o one_o year_n etc._n etc._n the_o justice_n may_v amerce_v or_o fine_a they_o at_o discretion_n 3_o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o viz._n as_o much_o as_o be_v reasonable_a for_o such_o offence_n as_o be_v say_v in_o a_o like_a case_n by_o lord_n coke_n 10._o 140._o and_o in_o dalton_n p._n 541_o 23._o if_o any_o refuse_v to_o be_v on_o a_o jury_n not_o offer_v sufficient_a excuse_n he_o be_v finable_a 7_o h._n 6._o 12._o so_o if_o any_o of_o either_o jury_n give_v a_o verdict_n etc._n etc._n as_o aforesaid_a twelve_o not_o agree_v so_o the_o grand_a jury_n may_v not_o discover_v evidence_n give_v they_o inst._n 3._o 107._o mich._n 15_o jaâ—_n in_o b._n r._n smith_n and_o hill_n case_n 27_o ass._n 63._o lamb._n 402._o chron._n 207_o 272._o finch_n 20._o so_o the_o petty-iury_n if_o without_o licence_n of_o court_n depart_v any_o whither_o upon_o any_o occasion_n whatsoever_o after_o swear_v before_o verdict_n give_v or_o that_o while_n but_o especial_o after_o evidence_n give_v eat_v or_o drink_v or_o out_o of_o court_n receive_v any_o evidence_n from_o either_o side_n may_v expect_v fine_a and_o imrisonment_n thus_o much_o for_o what_o a_o jury_n may_v do_v now_o something_o more_o how_o and_o what_o it_o ought_v to_o do_v the_o oath_n itself_o but_o that_o it_o be_v so_o general_a will_v else_o be_v instruction_n as_o well_o as_o obligation_n sufficient_a the_o oath_n of_o a_o grand_a juryman_n be_v i_o will_v diligent_o inquire_v and_o true_a presentment_n make_v of_o all_o such_o thing_n and_o matter_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v i_o in_o charge_n or_o shall_v come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n concern_v this_o present_a service_n the_o king_n council_n my_o own_o and_o my_o fellow_n i_o well_o and_o will_v true_o keep_v secret_a i_o will_v present_v nothing_o for_o malice_n lucre_n or_o evil_a will_n nor_o will_v i_o leave_v any_o thing_n unpresented_a for_o love_n favour_n affection_n reward_n or_o any_o hope_n thereof_o but_o in_o all_o thing_n that_o shall_v concern_v this_o present_a service_n i_o will_v present_v the_o truth_n the_o whole_a truth_n and_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o truth_n so_o help_v i_o god_n the_o oath_n of_o the_o petty-iury_n be_v i_o will_v well_o and_o truly-try_a and_o true_a deliverance_n make_v between_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o the_o prisoner_n at_o the_o bar_n according_a to_o my_o evidence_n so_o help_v i_o god_n that_o of_o the_o grand-iury_n be_v part_n of_o it_o ancient_o quod_fw-la neminem_fw-la accusare_fw-la velint_fw-la innocentem_fw-la to_o accuse_v no_o person_n innocent_a ll._n ethelred_n and_o pour_fw-fr rien_fw-fr ne_fw-fr leuray_fw-fr que_fw-fr je_fw-fr verity_n ne_fw-fr diray_fw-fr nothing_o shall_v hinder_v i_o from_o speak_v the_o truth_n brit._n 12._o 135._o crompt_v 304._o the_o scripture_n teach_v one_o his_o duty_n upon_o a_o oath_n it_o say_v one_o must_v swear_v in_o truth_n in_o justice_n and_o judgement_n jer._n c._n 4._o deut._n c._n 16._o exod._n c._n 20._o dan._n c._n 5._o levit._fw-la c._n 14._o zech._n c._n 13._o act_n c._n 5._o and_o the_o proverb_n in_o several_a place_n in_o truth_n with_o one_o eye_n neither_o in_o a_o telescope_n or_o microscope_n not_o proceed_v by_o appearance_n or_o seemingness_n of_o thing_n not_o by_o add_v nor_o diminish_v not_o by_o aggravate_v or_o palliate_v not_o by_o equivocation_n or_o reservation_n not_o by_o represent_v or_o accept_n the_o matter_n otherwise_o than_o real_o and_o true_o it_o be_v not_o present_v etc._n etc._n thing_n etc._n etc._n doubtful_a or_o not_o certain_o true_a as_o true_a nor_o omit_v any_o thing_n certain_o true_a but_o always_o as_o the_o naked_a truth_n be_v so_o and_o so_o in_o judgement_n not_o at_o a_o venture_n as_o by_o cast_v die_n etc._n etc._n not_o as_o matter_n of_o form_n not_o rash_o perfunctory_o or_o negligent_o pass_v or_o run_v over_o thing_n not_o by_o implicit_a faith_n or_o in_o complemental_a obedience_n etc._n etc._n not_o upon_o trust_n or_o belief_n further_o than_o with_o and_o upon_o good_a and_o great_a deliberation_n considerateness_n reason_v and_o satisfaction_n according_a to_o one_o own_o conscience_n and_o because_o one_o mature_a and_o settle_a judgement_n be_v so_o and_o so_o in_o justice_n proceed_v fair_o impartial_o with_o integrity_n and_o according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n without_o charge_v one_o with_o murder_n that_o be_v guilty_a but_o of_o man_n slaughter_n and_o without_o malice_n fear_v hope_v pity_v favour_n affection_n passion_n corruption_n or_o other_o prejudice_n byas_n consideration_n or_o private_a or_o sinister_a end_n or_o design_n but_o all_o throughout_o pure_o because_o be_v so_o and_o so_o more_o than_o otherwise_o and_o consonant_n to_o scripture_n as_o well_o as_o general_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n so_o also_o in_o this_o be_v even_a moral_n and_o politic_n the_o wise_a man_n so_o call_v of_o greece_n be_v call_v so_o from_o their_o live_n prudent_o just_o and_o honest_o such_o also_o be_v they_o aristotle_n call_v so_o 1_o metaph_n etc._n etc._n the_o stoic_n say_v he_o be_v the_o wise_a man_n that_o stick_v to_o truth_n neque_fw-la quicquam_fw-la fingit_fw-la and_o abhor_v and_o banish_v every_o thing_n else_o not_o so_o much_o as_o admit_v of_o any_o story_n fiction_n etc._n etc._n whatsoever_o machiavelli_n say_v judex_n cujusquam_fw-la gratiae_fw-la nec_fw-la potentiae_fw-la cedet_fw-la neque_fw-la misericordia_fw-la nec_fw-la inuidia_fw-la nec_fw-la odio_fw-la comovebitur_fw-la sed_fw-la veer_fw-la semper_fw-la &_o incorrupte_v ex_fw-la legibus_fw-la judicabit_fw-la judge_n must_v not_o be_v move_v for_o the_o power_n of_o any_o one_o nor_o for_o any_o one_o sake_n one_o way_n or_o other_o nor_o with_o pity_n or_o ill_a will_n but_o always_o go_v according_a to_o law_n true_o and_o without_o byas_n justinian_n speak_v of_o judge_n say_z eorum_fw-la est_fw-la manus_fw-la puras_fw-la deo_fw-la imperatori_fw-la &_o legi_fw-la praestare_fw-la they_o must_v be_v inoffensive_a to_o god_n the_o king_n and_o the_o law_n non_fw-la illum_fw-la populi_fw-la fasces_fw-la non_fw-la purpura_fw-la regum_fw-la flectunt_fw-la no_o acclamation_n of_o the_o people_n no_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n neither_o of_o these_o move_v they_o contra_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la nec_fw-la contra_fw-la jus_o jurandum_fw-la amici_fw-la causa_fw-la vir_fw-la bone_fw-la non_fw-la faciet_fw-la against_o the_o common_a good_a or_o a_o oath_n no_o man_n will_v stir_v a_o inch_n if_o honest_a though_o it_o be_v for_o a_o friend_n sake_n judex_n ponit_fw-la personam_fw-la amici_fw-la cum_fw-la judicis_fw-la induit_fw-la judge_v hales_n be_v a_o friend_n as_o hales_n but_o none_o as_o a_o judge_n si_fw-mi omne_fw-la facienda_fw-la sint_fw-la quae_fw-la amici_fw-la velint_fw-la non_fw-la amicitiae_fw-la tale_n sed_fw-la conjurationes_fw-la putandae_fw-la sunt_fw-la cicero_n what_o a_o judge_n do_v at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o friend_n be_v real_o and_o true_o no_o friendship_n but_o be_v make_v himself_o and_o friend_n guilty_a both_o of_o a_o crime_n the_o areopagite_n be_v judges_z that_o hear_v cause_n only_o in_o the_o dark_a that_o they_o may_v take_v notice_n what_o be_v say_v and_o not_o who_o speak_v and_o what_o be_v say_v of_o judge_n by_o these_o author_n
strike_v they_o out_o of_o the_o bill_n etc._n etc._n if_o be_v then_o consider_v if_o they_o be_v true_a on_o your_o own_o knowledge_n or_o by_o the_o evidence_n give_v you_o if_o be_v then_o find_v the_o bill_n etc._n etc._n if_o not_o they_o must_v be_v strike_v out_o or_o the_o bill_n return_v ignoramus_n etc._n etc._n as_o for_o example_n the_o matter_n must_v be_v criminal_a and_o considerable_a this_o partly_o appear_v before_o but_o further_o suppose_v the_o apprentice_n of_o a._n get_v a_o woman_n with_o child_n and_o secret_o run_v away_o upon_o it_o and_o a._n procure_v a_o warrant_n to_o apprehend_v he_o for_o it_o but_o b._n a_o stranger_n know_v of_o the_o warrant_n lodge_n comfort_n and_o assist_v the_o apprentice_n in_o unknown_a place_n that_o the_o warrant_n can_v be_v serve_v the_o stranger_n be_v not_o punishable_a 15_o jac._n b._n r._n vaughan_n c._n if_o a_o commission_n be_v grant_v to_o two_o and_o one_o of_o they_o execute_v it_o alone_o without_o the_o other_o and_o according_o fine_a people_n etc._n etc._n yet_o no_o indictment_n lie_v for_o it_o be_v a_o error_n of_o judgement_n 27_o ass._n 23._o if_o one_o say_v to_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n execute_v his_o office_n at_o his_o house_n etc._n etc._n and_o not_o on_o the_o bench_n certain_a scandalous_a word_n touch_v his_o office_n of_o justice_n yet_o he_o may_v not_o be_v indict_v for_o it_o hide_v c._n trin._n 11._o c._n 1._o b._n r._n and_o so_o be_v sir_n sackfield_n c._n these_o be_v all_o inconsiderable_a fault_n and_o as_o to_o whether_o the_o circumstance_n or_o other_o matter_n than_o the_o principal_a be_v material_a or_o not_o those_o word_n or_o part_n be_v only_a word_n of_o form_n and_o but_o those_o only_o which_o be_v necessary_o employ_v as_o that_o if_o the_o principal_a or_o the_o rest_n be_v true_a these_o must_v be_v so_o too_o and_o can_v possible_o be_v otherwise_o and_o thus_o become_v needless_a to_o be_v prove_v be_v before_o prove_v as_o and_o by_o the_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o the_o other_o proof_n so_o he_o that_o prove_v a_o shadow_n prove_v also_o a_o body_n since_o there_o must_v be_v a_o body_n to_o cause_v it_o and_o those_o word_n be_v material_a which_o may_v cause_v a_o different_a judgement_n or_o punishment_n or_o that_o aggravate_v the_o fault_n make_v it_o great_a of_o another_o nature_n or_o any_o wise_a alter_v it_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v presume_v but_o must_v be_v prove_v the_o jury_n must_v observe_v also_o whether_o consistent_a as_o a_o indictment_n of_o or_o for_o felony_n say_v that_o one_o such_o a_o day_n felonious_o cut_v down_o such_o tree_n and_o carry_v they_o away_o or_o with_o force_n and_o arm_n such_o a_o dav_fw-mi cut_v down_o such_o and_o such_o tree_n and_o felonious_o carry_v they_o away_o this_o be_v inconsistent_a for_o felony_n can_v never_o be_v about_o stand_a tree_n indict_v 4._o so_o of_o grow_a apple_n of_o house_n or_o any_o thing_n fix_v to_o the_o freehold_n but_o all_o it_o can_v amount_v to_o be_v only_a trespass_n unless_o the_o fall_n appear_v by_o the_o indictment_n to_o be_v one_o time_n and_o the_o carry_v away_o another_z so_o if_o a_o madman_n a_o child_n etc._n etc._n which_o have_v no_o discretion_n be_v say_v to_o do_v thing_n malicious_o or_o design_v any_o thing_n this_o be_v inconsistent_a or_o impossible_a in_o as_o much_o as_o no_o malice_n or_o design_n can_v be_v in_o such_o if_o necessary_o employ_v for_o if_o be_v not_o they_o must_v be_v prove_v etc._n etc._n every_o jury_n must_v go_v by_o probata_fw-la what_o be_v prove_v as_o well_o as_o allegata_fw-la what_o be_v only_o allege_v where_o one_o accuse_v of_o know_o keep_v a_o dog_n wont_a to_o worry_v sheep_n etc._n etc._n the_o knowledge_n must_v be_v prove_v as_o well_o as_o the_o rest_n cockrain_n and_o davies_n c._n b._n r._n 17_o c._n 1._o so_o the_o lord_n shaftsbury_n when_o sue_v lord_n digby_n for_o malicious_o speak_v such_o and_o such_o word_n he_o prove_v the_o malice_n as_o well_o as_o word_n if_o one_o plead_v a_o feoffment_n by_o deed_n and_o the_o other_o deny_v it_o it_o must_v be_v prove_v to_o be_v by_o deed_n co._n l._n 281_o b_o so_o if_o one_o be_v indict_v of_o murder_n as_o that_o he_o with_o malice_n forethought_a kill_v such_o a_o one_o the_o malice_n before_o thought_n must_v be_v prove_v for_o in_o these_o case_n the_o kill_a may_v be_v either_o by_o chance_n as_o the_o glance_n of_o a_o arrow_n etc._n etc._n by_o give_v physic_n by_o a_o champion_n in_o trial_n by_o battle_n by_o a_o hangman_n do_v his_o office_n or_o by_o one_o non_fw-la compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o which_o case_n be_v no_o malice_n and_o and_o therefore_o the_o indictment_n not_o to_o be_v find_v so_o the_o word_n may_v be_v speak_v in_o jest_n or_o a_o thousand_o other_o way_n and_o not_o malicious_o so_o one_o may_v keep_v such_o a_o dog_n and_o not_o know_v he_o be_v such_o and_o the_o fault_n will_v then_o be_v none_o at_o all_o in_o he_o the_o law_n also_o may_v several_a time_n be_v break_v in_o the_o letter_n yet_o without_o any_o fault_n if_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n be_v not_o break_v as_o when_o thing_n be_v do_v to_o avoid_v a_o great_a inconveniency_n or_o by_o compulsion_n or_o for_o necessity_n or_o by_o involuntary_a ignorance_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o these_o and_o such_o like_a case_n the_o party_n ought_v not_o be_v indict_v though_o the_o matter_n be_v true_a in_o itself_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o law_n he_o shall_v die_v that_o climb_v over_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o night_n yet_o one_o do_v so_o to_o discover_v their_o enemy_n be_v by_o the_o senate_n adjudge_v innocent_a and_o reward_v so_o it_o be_v lawful_a with_o we_o to_o pull_v down_o another_o house_n when_o a_o fire_n happen_v or_o in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o prevent_v a_o great_a mischief_n so_o one_o be_v to_o appear_v to_o a_o writ_n but_o hinder_v by_o flood_n sickness_n etc._n etc._n do_v not_o he_o be_v excuse_v one_o force_n and_o use_v one_o hand_n to_o kill_v a_o three_o person_n he_o be_v only_o guilty_a so_o a_o infant_n or_o one_o non_fw-la sanae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la kill_v another_o it_o be_v excusable_a so_o that_o where_o any_o fact_n or_o word_n in_o a_o indictment_n may_v be_v as_o well_o under_o any_o of_o these_o circumstance_n as_o what_o other_o the_o clerk_n or_o prosecutor_n be_v please_v to_o allege_v these_o allege_a must_v be_v prove_v for_o it_o be_v plain_a be_v not_o necessary_o employ_v and_o yet_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v do_v any_o wise_a thus_o the_o clerk_n will_v draw_v up_o the_o indictment_n or_o information_n as_o if_o none_o of_o these_o circumstance_n be_v in_o the_o case_n but_o that_o it_o be_v malicious_o in_o contempt_n of_o the_o law_n etc._n etc._n so_o it_o seem_v hard_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o steal_v under_o a_o necessity_n where_o the_o take_n be_v upon_o absolute_a necessity_n indeed_o and_o it_o be_v not_o the_o party_n fault_n but_o misfortune_n he_o fall_v into_o such_o necessity_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o party_n who_o the_o take_n be_v from_o have_v not_o the_o like_a necessity_n for_o the_o same_o thing_n or_o the_o person_n that_o take_v be_v very_o serviceable_a or_o profitable_a to_o the_o kingdom_n or_o common_a good_a etc._n etc._n yet_o he_o must_v be_v though_o the_o thing_n so_o take_v be_v not_o of_o the_o value_n of_o 13_o d._n if_o the_o jury_n agree_v he_o do_v it_o felonious_o whereas_o one_o guilty_a of_o perjury_n though_o do_v one_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o time_n more_o harm_n shall_v only_o suffer_v a_o inconsiderable_a rebuke_n and_o why_o shall_v a_o jury_n in_o this_o case_n find_v it_o do_v felonious_o this_o be_v do_v under_o force_n and_o necessity_n to_o preserve_v a_o man_n life_n etc._n etc._n instead_o of_o a_o house_n etc._n etc._n and_o what_o be_v say_v felonious_a must_v be_v felleo_n animo_fw-la with_o a_o ill_a affect_a mind_n with_o a_o mind_n not_o bare_o to_o do_v the_o thing_n but_o a_o itch_a also_o to_o do_v mischief_n only_o this_o itch_n indeed_o shall_v be_v presume_v unless_o cause_v appear_v to_o the_o contrary_n as_o if_o one_o take_v a_o thing_n out_o of_o another_o possession_n claim_v it_o with_o some_o colour_n as_o his_o own_o etc._n etc._n this_o be_v adjudge_v no_o felony_n why_o for_o not_o do_v with_o any_o felonious_a intent_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o claim_n etc._n etc._n so_o the_o like_o steal_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v not_o for_o mischief_n sake_n at_o all_o but_o for_o necessity_n etc._n etc._n thus_o david_n against_o the_o law_n take_v and_o eat_v that_o bread_n which_o be_v provide_v for_o the_o table_n of_o god_n only_o exod._n c._n 29._o 1_o king_n
cardinal_n deacon_n without_o twenty_o six_o or_o at_o least_o twenty_o four_o against_o a_o cardinal_n presbyter_n but_o with_o sixty_o four_o or_o at_o least_o forty_o four_o nor_o against_o a_o cardidal_a bishop_n without_o seventy_o two_o witness_n lamb._n 178._o the_o general_a rule_n be_v in_o one_o dûum_fw-la vel_fw-la trium_fw-la stet_fw-la omne_fw-la verbum_fw-la si_fw-la modo_fw-la sint_fw-la omni_fw-la exceptione_n majores_fw-la two_o or_o three_o witness_n be_v enough_o if_o liable_a to_o no_o exception_n any_o one_o person_n may_v invent_v or_o contrive_v any_o story_n for_o malice_n or_o envy_n or_o other_o end_n to_o take_v away_o another_o life_n etc._n etc._n and_o who_o can_v disprove_v or_o detect_v he_o but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a for_o two_o to_o do_v it_o yet_o two_o may_v possible_o also_o agree_v and_o contrive_v a_o evidence_n together_o and_o so_o form_v it_o and_o frame_v circumstance_n all_o agree_v of_o beforehand_o between_o they_o that_o be_v false_a it_o may_v yet_o seem_v very_o plausible_a the_o child_n of_o this_o world_n be_v wise_a than_o the_o child_n of_o light_n jezebel_n have_v two_o witness_n against_o naboth_n and_o two_o witness_n be_v against_o chaste_a susanna_n to_o prove_v her_o avoutry_n yet_o both_o â—ad_v false_a evidence_n against_o they_o sussanna_n be_v acquit_v only_o because_o the_o witness_n differ_v what_o tree_n it_o be_v unde_fw-la in_o all_o trial_n whatsoever_o in_o england_n either_o at_o civil_a law_n or_o common_a law_n where_o be_v no_o jury_n there_o all_o will_v confess_v must_v be_v two_o witness_n at_o least_o co._n l._n 6._o b_o and_o always_o that_o witness_n be_v to_o be_v join_v to_o the_o jury_n they_o must_v be_v two_o at_o least_o ibid._n and_o in_o any_o law_n any_o where_o must_v be_v always_o two_o witness_n at_o least_o and_o no_o place_n can_v be_v pretend_v of_o otherwise_o except_o only_a england_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o here_o even_o when_o there_o be_v a_o jury_n too_o see_v 48_o ass_n 5._o barrec_n 241._o enquest_n 42._o bract._n l._n 5._o 400._o 48_o e._n 3._o 30._o and_o so_o be_v express_o mir._n c._n 3._o etc._n etc._n fortesc_n 73._o co._n l._n 6._o b_o inst._n 3._o 26._o and_o so_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o b._n c._n trin._n 9_o el._n and_o the_o only_a reason_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o be_v as_o aforesaid_a that_o the_o jury_n be_v presume_v to_o know_v themselves_o to_o the_o value_n of_o one_o witness_n more_o but_o if_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o real_o they_o know_v nothing_o themselves_o then_o shall_v they_o find_v one_o guilty_a upon_o a_o single_a testimony_n they_o make_v that_o law_n which_o other_o wise_a can_v not_o be_v law_n and_o find_v one_o guilty_a the_o law_n will_v have_v acquit_v and_o thus_o a_o trial_n by_o a_o jury_n will_v be_v less_o safe_a and_o more_o destructive_a than_o any_o other_o in_o all_o the_o whole_a world_n again_o the_o jury_n thus_o make_v one_o witness_v as_o good_a as_o a_o thousand_o for_o have_v a_o thousand_o witness_v the_o jury_n can_v have_v do_v no_o more_o this_o will_v occasion_v great_a mischief_n perjury_n and_o other_o inconvenience_n a._n then_o be_v sufficient_o malicious_a or_o interest_v and_o so_o design_v b_n death_n a_o italian_a will_v poison_n spaniard_n stab_v frenchman_n pistol_v he_o but_o be_v a_o englishman_n and_o expect_v such_o a_o credulous_a officious_a jury_n as_o aforesaid_a to_o help_v he_o will_v sure_o choose_v to_o swear_v he_o to_o death_n for_o a._n have_v his_o malice_n better_o answer_v b._n thus_o not_o only_o lose_v his_o life_n but_o also_o his_o credit_n estate_n and_o what_o not_o beside_o attaint_v his_o blood_n and_o utter_o disgrace_v all_o his_o relation_n and_o at_o last_o how_o shall_v a._n be_v discover_v in_o it_o he_o be_v infinite_o more_o safe_a this_o way_n than_o any_o other_o or_o suppose_v one_o come_v out_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o by_o chance_n shall_v discover_v he_o he_o know_v he_o be_v safe_a of_o his_o life_n he_o shall_v not_o die_v by_o our_o law_n if_o any_o body_n happen_v too_o that_o will_v be_v at_o the_o trouble_v charges_n hazard_n and_o danger_n to_o prosecute_v he_o never_o so_o severe_o but_o by_o the_o statute_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v 40_o l._n or_o at_o his_o election_n stand_v a_o while_n on_o the_o pillory_n and_o half_a a_o year_n be_v in_o prison_n this_o be_v all_o likewise_o a_o cunning_a rogue_n suppose_v rob_v one_o etc._n etc._n no_o witness_n by_o if_o one_o offer_v to_o prosecute_v he_o let_v he_o prosecute_v first_o and_o he_o hang_v one_o thus_o into_o the_o bargain_n and_o save_v himself_o honourable_o or_o be_v there_o one_o or_o two_o witness_n by_o but_o he_o first_o prosecute_v and_o swear_v against_o all_o it_o will_v go_v hard_a with_o they_o all_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o egyptian_n they_o have_v no_o punishment_n for_o lie_v and_o so_o have_v no_o measure_n in_o it_o but_o thus_o our_o law_n tempt_v as_o well_o as_o scarce_o at_o all_o punish_v perjury_n a_o jury_n though_o have_v two_o or_o more_o witness_n ought_v also_o consider_v and_o examine_v their_o circumstance_n among_o the_o turk_n only_o such_o may_v be_v witness_n as_o be_v freeman_n can_v say_v their_o prayer_n have_v some_o knowledge_n in_o law_n be_v know_v of_o civil_a life_n and_o conversation_n etc._n etc._n boschiner_n academic_a 19_o by_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n for_o the_o most_o part_n always_o like_o we_o none_o shall_v be_v witness_n under_o 14_o year_n old_a furious_a people_n officer_n of_o the_o same_o court_n women_z adulterous_a person_n thief_n poor_a whip_v for_o any_o offence_n infamous_a convict_v and_o ransom_v from_o justice_n kinsfolk_n companion_n or_o party_n of_o the_o same_o crime_n clergy_n against_o laity_n nor_o any_o one_o tenant_n bailiff_n servant_n or_o any_o other_o of_o his_o robe_n council_n retinue_n etc._n etc._n nor_o any_o know_a adversary_n nor_o any_o person_n excommunicate_a or_o imprison_v for_o or_o accuse_v of_o a_o crime_n st._n 2._o rob._n 1._o by_o our_o law_n none_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o witness_n that_o be_v indict_v of_o treason_n or_o felony_n and_o not_o acquit_v person_n excommunicate_a outlawed_a or_o otherwise_o defeme_v nor_o judge_n in_o any_o case_n where_o they_o shall_v be_v concern_v as_o judge_n brit._n 39_o mir._n 117._o 108._o bract._n 118_o 119_o 133_o 141._o person_n outlaw_v or_o otherwise_o infamous_a 11_o h._n 7._o 41._o young_a 116._o stanf._n 88_o 11_o h._n 4._o 35._o inst._n 3._o 36._o and_o certain_o they_o can_v that_o be_v infamous_a as_o attain_v of_o a_o false_a verdict_n of_o any_o conspiracy_n at_o king_n suit_n of_o perjury_n of_o a_o praemunire_n of_o forgery_n on_o the_o stat._n 5_o el._n c._n 14._o of_o felony_n or_o have_v by_o judgement_n lose_v their_o ear_n or_o stand_v on_o the_o pillory_n or_o be_v infidel_n or_o non_fw-la sanae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la of_o insufficient_a discretion_n considerable_o interest_v in_o the_o matter_n crompâ—_n 127._o b_o co._n l._n 6._o b_o a_o husband_n or_o wife_n can_v be_v witness_n for_o or_o against_o one_o another_o co._n l._n 6._o b_o nor_o against_o any_o other_o in_o the_o same_o cause_n stanf._n 26._o b_o except_o in_o crimiminal_a case_n where_o he_o or_o she_o be_v the_o party_n offend_v and_o swear_v only_o for_o the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o evidence_n can_v be_v expect_v the_o confession_n of_o a_o criminal_a get_v by_o fright_a or_o any_o artifice_n use_v upon_o he_o or_o make_v before_o come_v to_o his_o trial_n be_v no_o evidence_n against_o he_o the_o common_a law_n be_v so_o strong_a in_o this_o point_n that_o till_o 2_o 3_o p._n &_o m._n c._n 10._o no_o justice_n of_o peace_n can_v examine_v a_o criminal_a in_o short_a conditio_fw-la sexus_fw-la aetas_fw-la discretio_fw-la fama_fw-la et_fw-la fortuna_fw-la fides_fw-la in_o testibus_fw-la ipse_fw-la require_v ask_v his_o estate_n fame_n and_o religion_n quality_n sex_n age_n and_o discretion_n but_o the_o judge_n use_v to_o determine_v who_o shall_v be_v swear_v and_o what_o shall_v be_v produce_v as_o evidence_n to_o the_o jury_n and_o the_o jury_n what_o credit_n or_o authority_n the_o same_o be_v worthy_a of_o co._n l._n 6._o b_o one_o that_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o hand_n for_o felony_n be_v by_o some_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o witness_n in_o law_n for_o the_o crime_n say_v they_o be_v purge_v so_o if_o pardon_v by_o the_o king_n and_o some_o hold_v many_o of_o those_o aforesaid_a be_v in_o law_n good_a witness_n as_o poor_a man_n but_o the_o jury_n may_v consider_v such_o may_v easy_o be_v bias_v or_o corrupt_v he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o to_o lose_v or_o forfeit_v for_o a_o crime_n he_o lie_v under_o several_a necessity_n and_o temptation_n a_o rich_a man_n do_v not_o etc._n etc._n in_o solomon_n proverb_n