Selected quad for the lemma: peace_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
peace_n	france_n	king_n	treaty_n	4,777	5	9.4202	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B23787	China and France, or, Two treatises the one, of the present state of China as to the government, customs, and manners of the inhabitants thereof ... from the observation of two Jesuites lately returned from that country, written and published by the French Kings cosmographer and now Englished : the other, containing the most remarkable passages of the reign and life of the present French King, Lewis the Fourteenth, and of the valour of our English in his armies.	Magalotti, Lorenzo, conte, 1637-1712. Viaggio del P. Giovanni Grueber tornando per terea da China in Europa. English.; Grueber, Johann, 1623-1680.; Orville, Albert, comte d', 1621-1662.; Thévenot, M. (Melchisédech), 1620?-1692.	1676 (1676)	Wing G2163	63,324	224

his entry into it the second day of December There had been a Treaty between the old Duke of Lorraine and this young King by which the Duke made over to him all his Right Title and Interest in the Dutchy of Lorraine for some Lands in lieu of it and for the priviledge of being declared Heir to the Crown of France in case the Family of Bourbon did fail This Agreement had been made the sixth of February 1662. and confirmed in the Parliament of Paris in the Moneth of March So that the French seised upon all the Cities and Countrey of Lorraine only the strong Town of Marsal remained in the Dukes hands who seemed unwilling to deliver it Besides the young Prince Charles of Lorraine was supposed to have won the Soldiers there in Garrison therefore they would not surrender it upon Summons This affair caused the King to travel into that Countrey with a sufficient Army to reduce it to his obedience commanding that Marsal should be besieged without delay His sudden motion surprised the Duke and found him unprovided therefore he went to meet his Majesty at Metz in Lorraine to submit himself unto him The King received him very generously and made him welcome Marsal according to Agreement was put into the French hands on the third of September 1663. A little before the French Ambassador Monsieur de Crequi had been affronted and in danger of his person in the City of Rome Some of the Popes Guards shot into his Coach and wounded his servants When the Court of France heard of it the King commanded the Popes Nuncio then at Paris to depart out of the Kingdom and sent for his Generals ordering them to prepare for a War Alexander the Seventh did then sit in S. Peters supposed Chair He sent immediately upon the news of the coming of the French Army an Express to assure his Majesty that he was much dissatisfied with the deed and that he would give him all the satisfaction that he should desire The City of Pisa was pitched upon to examine and discourse of this affair where the Popes and the French Deputies concluded it the Twelfth of March 1664. to the great joy of the Roman Catholicks The Pope yielded to his own dishonor that his Nephew Flavio Chigi should wait upon the King and beg his pardon that a Monument should be erected in the very place for posterity to gaze upon with an Inscription declaring the cause of its standing there This was performed accordingly but the zeal of the French for their King and their concernment for his honor is very remarkable in this occasion The Parliament of Aix hearing of the affront given to the French Ambassador and the Kings resolution to revenge it made some levies of Men of their own accord and marched to Avignon where they drive out the Garrison they surprised Carpentras and all the Popes Territories near them This action gave the King and Court great satisfaction and facilitated an Agreement between him and the Pope for the French are not so wedded to their Superstitions as to be so much afraid of the Popes thunderbolts as in former ages It would become the wisdom of the Politicians of this Nation to shake off the Popes burdensome Fetters and establish a Patriarch of their own There wants nothing else to make their King an absolute Monarch Some of the Jansenists have attempted to perswade their Clergy to it I hope God will one day open their eyes to perceive their slavery to S. Peters counterfeit Keys and to oblige them to use that liberty unto which Providence invites them At the same time that the Cardinal was in France the Emperor desired the Kings Succors to help him against the Turks who had invaded his Dominions This motion pleased the French humor for they would be thought to be the Champions of Christianity against the Infidels The King ordered as some say about Ten thousand Men to march under the command of Monsieur de Coligny and Monsieur de la Fueillade who is now Duke of Roannez This Army joyned with the Imperialists about the Moneth of June 1665. they found out the Turks Army and encountered with them twice It is certain the French behaved themselves very gallantly in this expedition so that the Enemies were worsted and in their retreat over the River of Raab they lost about Five thousand Men that were slain Sixteen pieces of Cannon and about One hundred and fifty Colours were taken with much of their Baggage The rest of their Army fled not being able to withstand the Christians valor The Queen-Mother of France fell dangerously sick and died the Twentieth of January in that omnious year One thousand six hundred sixty six She was much lamented in France and Spain for she was an excellent Princess At this time there was War between the Crown of England and the States of Holland Their Fleets had had a brush at Sea where the brave Duke of York adventured in person against their Squadrons more in number then ours Opdam their Admiral was blown up and after a sharp fight they fled to their own Coast to carry thither the sad news of their defeat and of the loss of many Ships taken by the English When the French saw that the Hollander was likely to be worsted he pretended an obligation to defend them therefore he declared War against us not so much with an intention to assist the Hollander by Sea as to stand by with his Fleet and judge of the blows However the countenance of such a Prince dreadful to all the World because it was not known yet what mischeif he could do helped them very much The French made no attempts upon us at home unless it be upon our industrious Merchants who lost some Goods and Ships at Sea But in the West Indies their treachery and cruelty were remarkable in the Iland of S. Christophers where the English and French Plantations had lived in Peace and Amity several years they supposed our English would endeavor to drive them away after this breach between the two Nations To prevent therefore that which the others had no design to execute they fell upon them unawares and massacred their Neighbors to their eternal shame plundering all their Goods and rifling their habitations They seised next the Islands of Antego Tabago and S. Eustache Our Men resolved to revenge these outrages upon those of Guadeloupe but the Fleet that set forth for that intent was dispersed by a terrible Hurricane and some of our Ships were broken and shipwracked amongst the American Islands to the great disappointment of the English This War between England and France continued till the year 1668. the Peace was concluded at Breda for the French had no quarrel with the English but only as was pretended in defence of Holland The truth is the King did not care to have two Enemies upon his back at once he was resolved to take into his possession some Towns in Flanders

assaulted Gravelin but could not recover it in a Moneth for the Garrison was strong and resolute Many brave Actions hapned in this attempt the besiegers and besieged behaved themselves very gallantly at last they capitulated upon honorable terms the Eight and twentieth of August In the interim the Dukes of Modena and Navailes took Mortera for the French This first hath always been devoted to the Crown of France The Spaniard endeavored to take from the French some little places which they recovered but it is certain that the Spaniard was the greater looser Therefore the Princes of the Empire assembled together to consult about the chusing of another Emperor at Franckfort sent to desire his Majesty of France to hearken to an Accommodation The King of Spain Philip the Fourth had caused some Overtures of Peace to be made by the Popes Mediation The French Court entertained them willingly upon condition of a match between the young King and the Infanta of Spain When the King was at Lions an Envoy came to him from Madrid about this Negotiation The Cardinal had orders to have a private Conference with him to make way for the Ambassadors de Lionne and Pimentel The first was dispatched away to Madrid the second went to Paris They dealt so effectually that all Differences were composed Articles were concluded and the great breach was made up to the satisfaction of both Princes and Kingdoms The Queen-Mother was not a little useful in this business for when the Cardinal did seem to put in some Demurs she declared That the Peace should be made without him for that she was resolved that her Son should match with one of her own Kinred The Kings indisposition had almost ruined this Affair for he fell dangerously sick but he recovered after a few days distemper Afterwards he made a progress into the farthest confines of his Kingdom for there had been some discontents and disorders about Lions Burgundy and Provence which could not be terminated without his coming When he was at Lions the Duke of Savoy came to wait upon him This Prince is so near a Neighbor to France that he is forced to keep his friendship for fear of loosing his Principality which hath been several times in great danger to be swallowed up by this great Monarch at the least distaste In the mean time the Spanish gravity was very slow in concluding the Peace that Court trifled away the time in Consultations and Meetings whilest the Spring of the next year 1659. was coming on apace Which caused the King to give order for new levies of Soldiers to appoint Generals and Commanders as if he had intended to prosecute the War as vigorously as before This made the Spaniard desire a Truce of four Moneths from the eighth of March to the third of July which was granted the King That it should continue till his Declaration to the contrary ordered In order to a Peace Mazarin went to Bayonne and Don Louïs d' Aro de Gusman came to S. Sebastians to treat more commodiously These two Plenipotentiaries at last concluded and signed the Articles the seventh of November next ensuing The Inhabitants of S. Sebastian of S. John de Luz and of the Neighboring Cities declared their satisfaction and joy by Bonefires and other publick signs Whilst the business was in debate the French Court was at Bourdeaux and Tholouse that it might be sooner consulted in all difficult Matters After the conclusion of the Treaty the French King sent a Procuration to Don Louïs d' Aro to espouse the Infanta of Spain in his name The Marriage was performed in Fontarabia in the presence of the Court of Spain the third day of June The two Kings met in the Isle of Conference scituate between both Kingdoms where the young Queen was delivered to her Husband and both Kings swore to keep and confirmed to one another the Treaty of Peace After this interview they separated the French King and Queen was received at S. John de Luz with much pomp and Joy and in their journey to Paris every good City in their way expressed their extraordinary satisfaction for the Marriage and Peace between the two Kingdoms But their Reception at Paris was one of the most glorious Ceremonies the most splendid Triumph of our Age. The young Queen was carried in an open Charriot shining with all the riches of the East and West Indies she was attended upon by the whole Court in their greatest splendor and glory The People the Clergy and the Nobility did welcome her with such expressions of joy that they are not credible In the beginning of the next year 1661. on the nineth of March the great Minister of State Cardinal Mazarin paid his last debt to Nature having by his policy raised himself and family from a low beginning to the greatest honors in France The Court was pleased to Mourn for him but they quickly cast off their sad attire when Monsieur of France resolved to marry with the Princess of England A Lady very well accomplished in Beauty and Vertue The publick ceremony was performed on the One and thirtieth of March. There hapned nothing remarkable this year till the latter end The first day of November the Dauphin of France was born to the great joy of all that Kingdom Monsieur de Montausier was appointed to be his Governor One thousand six hundred sixty and two the King made Seventy two Knights of the Order of the S. Esprit all Persons of the greatest Nobility and approved valor In the same year there hapned a difference between the Ambassadors of Spain and France about precedency in the City of London The Spaniards were prepared to receive the French so that the tumult was great and some Bloodshed on both sides The French sent their Complaints to Madrid the King gave them satisfaction and forbad all his Ambassadors for the future to appear in any publick solemnity with the Ambassadors of France for they claim a precedency in all Courts of Europe unless it be in Vienna where the House of Austria are Lords The King of Spain preferred in this occasion the Peace and Quiet of his Kingdoms to this odd Punctilio of Honor. This year was spent in Sports and publick Divertisements of the Gentry and Nobility at court till the Moneth of November Then the French Ambassador in England had Orders to demand the restitution of Dunkirk to the French for a sum of Money according to their pretended Agreement with Cromwel It was generally supposed by the wisest in France that the English would never part with a place so well fortified by their late industry purchased with the Blood of many of their bravest Men that took it and so handy and commodious to them both in Peace and War and that therefore there would be a dispute between the two Nations for the recovery of it But it hapned otherwise to the Universal Sorrow of all our people Dunkirke was surrendered and the French King made

belonging to the Crown of Spain he was glad that His Majesty of England would let him alone and not intermeddle in this Affair The pretence to colour the invasion was that some Articles of the Treaty of Marriage were not performed by the Court of Spain The King by his Ambassador at Madrid acquainted them with his demands but they neglected to give him satisfaction this caused him to publish his Manifesto to justifie the seisure of those Lands and Towns which he said belonged to the Queen by agreement at her Marriage At the end of May 1667. he entered into Flanders with about Thirty thousand Men well furnished The first Garrisons were forsaken as Armantiers La Bassée Condé and S. Guilhain Bergnes and Furnes were yielded up to the Mareschal d' Aumont The King commanded Charleroy to be rebuilt and fortified that it might serve as a Bulwark against Flanders Tournay was besieged and assaulted but could not stop the impetuous torrent of the French that carried at this time all before them Douay waited for their coming its Governor had the meen to stop the French progress But upon his Majesties Summons he obeyed and sent him the Keys Courtray was taken in four days Oudenard and Alost were quickly frighted into a compliance with the French Lille was the next Garrison that had the unhappiness to be in the French Kings way The Governor of this place had the reputation of a brave Commander he had under him 800 Horse and 4000 Foot in Garrison and was resolved to defend it Therefore the King came before it with his whole Army laid siege to it and after a very stout resistance obliged the renowned Governor to save the rest of his men by yielding up the Town upon honorable terms The King made his entry on the Eight and twentieth day of August One thousand six hundred sixty and seven During the siege the Spanish Commanders had raised a small Army with an intent to Assault the French before Lille Marcin was at the Head of these Troops in his march when Crequy Rouvray Lillebonne and Bellefonds met with his Cavalry in two several Rencounters and broke his design For these Captains had so disordered his Men and scared them that they could not be perswaded to attempt upon the French again without more assistance After this Campagne the King went to Paris and in the first appearance of the Spring One thousand six hundred sixty and eight he gave order to his Armies to march towards the Franche Comte The Prince had the command of this expedition but when the Inhabitants understood it they sent to his Majesties Deputies to treat of yielding to him to prevent the spoils of an Army Whilest the Deputies delayed the Prince with his Army being ready went streight to Besanzon where he encamped On the sixth of February it was surrendered into his hands some other Towns were taken without resistance and Salines was seised upon suddenly At that time his Majesty was come to his Army which he caused to draw near to Dole a place well fortified and furnished with Men and Cannon which caused the Inhabitants to stand upon their Guards and think of a resistance but when they saw that the French had possessed all the Outworks in one night and lodged themselves under their Counterscarpe they accepted of his Majesties offers and sent him the Keys of their City All these places were taken in twelve days to the great astonishment of all Neighboring People There had been some overtures of Peace made the year before To prevent the conclusion of them the King appeared with his Army this year so early in the Field for the Dutch had threatned him by their Ambassador to joyn with the Spaniard if he would not hearken to an accommodation This Speech together with the Resolution of his Neighbors of rising up in Arms against him brought forth the Treaty of Aix la Chappelle Unto which place Colbert was sent as an Extraordinary Ambassador to meet with the Ministers of the Mediating Princes It was signed the sixth of May and sent to be published at Paris and Brussels but the French King was mightily offended at the Dutch who had forced him against his will to this conclusion of Peace therefore in due time he was resolved to find an occasion to punish them for their sauciness In the mean while the Nobility and Gallants of France that had prepared their equipages for the next Campagne when they saw themselves disappointed by a hasty Peace resolved to venture abroad in Foreign service Fame had told them of the long Siege of Candy by the Turks and that these Infidels did daily win upon the besieged by their numbers therefore the greatest Zealots of them resolved to hazard their persons for the releif of that noble City belonging to the Venetians The Duke de Roannez the Count of St. Paul the Duke de Chateau-Thierry the Chevalier de Harcour with many other brave Adventurers voluntarily ingaged themselves in this expedition It is certain that they behaved themselves with all the gallantry that could be expected At their return they acquainted the King with the condition of the place and the strength of the Turks This perswaded his Majesty together with the Sollicitations of the Venetians to send over thither the Dukes of Beaufort and Navailles with about 10000 Men to see whether they could raise the siege All the World expected a Success answerable to the French courage At their first sallying out upon the Turks they beat all down before them but when the Turks saw their vigor abate they charged furiously upon them and routed them forcing them back into the City Walls Beaufort himself was lost and killed as it is supposed in the rout but his body could not be found afterwards He was much to be blamed for venturing his person and the honor of his Prince amongst the meanest Soldiers for Commanders of his rank and quality are to be mindful that the safety of the whole Army depends upon the preservation of their lives They are never to hazard themselves in the Front of a Battle but when their presence is necessary to give courage to their fainting Soldiers or to add more vigor to them when the victory is almost in their hands After the defeat of the French the besieged City was yielded up to the Turks General upon very favorable condition The King had intelligence about the end of the year 1669. that the Duke of Lorraine did endeavor to stir up the Emperor and King of Spain against him This caused him to send the Mareschal de Crequy with an Army of 18000 Men into Lorraine to take in that Countrey The Duke seised upon Pont a Mousson and pulled down the Walls Epinal and Chaté held out a litteè but they were at last Surrendered up into his hands and the old Duke was driven out of all his Principality This year 1670. the King visited his new conquered Towns in the Low Countreys repairèd

always been the Seat of War when any is stirring in Europe At this time the whole House of Austria that have so great a sway in that Climat thought themselves ingaged to assist the King of Spain their Brother against the common Enemy the French General Merci commanded the Army of the Duke of Bavaria he was so successful to take Frieburgh from the French As he was marching farther to besiege some other place the Duke of Enguien met him with his Army and ingaged three times on three several days at last the French forced them after a notable slaughter to a disorderly retreat After this many considerable Towns submitted to the conquering valor of the Duke of Enguien and received from him Garrisons only to preserve their Territories from the spoil which otherwise he would have made Philipsbourgh a strong Frontier Town Vormes Spire Mayence Burghen Landau and the Castle of Magdebourgh were yielded up this Summer But before the year was over the Princes of Europe agreed to send all their Plenipotentiaries to Munster there to compose their differences and agree in a General Peace for Germany and the Frontier Towns of the Empire had been so much impoverished by the long and continual Wars that as many died by Famine as formerly by the Sword The only remedy was an Universal Peace which was endeavored between all the Princes of Christendom The Queen Regent of France sent thither the Count d' Avaux and Monsieur Servien to manage the French interest afterwards the Duke of Longueville followed The Treaty began in the Moneth of April 1644. but could not be concluded till the Twenty fourth of October 1648. All the Monarchs of Europe agreed to lay down Arms and to suffer their People to injoy the Blessings of Peace only France and Spain had such differences as could not be composed their pretensions were so high and so intangled That the greatest Polititians that assisted at this composure of Affairs could not find any expedient to bring them to an agreement Therefore the Ministers of other Princes did their business without them When they saw them so stiff in not yielding to one another they left them to themselves and their Masters alone to end their own quarrels and fight till they were weary That which administered new difficulties every day to this Peace between the two Monarchies was the prosecution of the War which was so vigorously managed by the French in the time of the Treaty that in the beginning of the Spring 1645. they had five Armies on foot in Flanders in Germany in Lorraine in Catalonia and in Italy The Army of Flanders was commanded by the Duke of Orleans as Generalissimo his Lieutenants were the Mareschals de Gassion and Rantzau At their passage over the River of Colme there was a very hot dispute between the French and Spaniards but in fine the two Mareschals behaved themselves so bravely that the Spaniard was put to flight and the passage opened Mardike Bourbourgh Lillers Bethune Mount-Cassel S. Venant Menenes and Armentiers were forced to yield The Town of Lens was suddenly taken Upon the Borders of Germany the Duke of Enguien the French General marched with his Troops as far as the Nekar he took Rotembourgh and went next to find out his Enemies the United Forces of the Empire that were encamped about Nortlinguen and Dunkespiel The French had here a notable victory Four thousand men were killed with Merci the Duke of Bavariaes General Gleen the Emperors General was taken with all the Provisions Artillery Waggons and above forty Colours The Duke entertained Gleen very kindly and set him at liberty the Neighboring Towns Nortlinguen and Dunkespiel were surrendered to the French after the Battle The Army had orders to march towards Hailbron but the Duke fell dangerously sick so that he was forced to withdraw and be carried to Philipsbourgh At this time the House of Austria united all its Forces under two Generals the Archduke Leopold and General Galaz There were in this Army above Thirty thousand Men. Monsieur de Turenne and the Mareschal of Grammont commanded in the French Army instead of the Duke d'Enguien they had not above Twelve or thirteen thousand Men yet they behaved themselves so gallantly that the Imperialists could never come to fight them They retreated with their Soldiers through their Enemies Countrey and returned safe home into the Borders of France The French Generals were highly commended for their Wisdom in foreseeing the danger of a General Battle and for their care and prudence in managing the Retreat to save their Men. In Lorraine the Mareschal de Villeroy was sent with an Army to drive the Duke out of his Dominions because he had Confederated himself with the Enemies of France The Inhabitants are naturally inclined to favor the French therefore they made no great resistance but submitted themselves to the King of Frances General only La Mothe held out Monsieur Magaloty undertook to defend it but his death caused it to be surrendred also So that the poor Duke was driven out of all his Patrimony by the overruling power of his Neighbor In Catalonia the French were no less successful for the General the Count du Plessis-Praslin took Roses the nineteenth of May and the Count de Harcourt Viceroy of Catalonia defeated the Spaniards in the Fields of Liorerys and forced the Town of Balaguier to open its Gates Du Plessis-Praslin was honored with the Staff of a Mareschal of France for his good service to that Crown and was commanded into Italy to assist Prince Thomas against the Spaniards In the Dukedom of Milan Viguerano was taken from them but when the Prince was in his Retreat the Spanish Generals overpowered him and had it not been for the seasonable coming in of the new Mareschal his Soldiers had been cut in pieces and totally routed The next year 1646. the War was managed with the same fury as before especially in Flanders under the Dukes of Orleans and d'Enguien who laid siege with a numerous Army well appointed to the City of Courtray which they took in the presence of all the Forces of the House of Austria that came with a design to raise the Siege Mardike was again retaken from the Spaniard and Dunkirk was besieged by the Duke of Enguien Caracena and Lambay were the Spanish Generals but they did not dare to adventure a pitcht Battle The Marquess of Leda a famous and experienced Commander was then Governor of this Town that was well fortified by Nature as well as by Art Nevertheless the French won it in thirteen days and forced the besieged to a Capitulation After this Prince Thomas and the Duke of Brezé besieged and took Orbiselle but the Spaniards were so strong in Italy that the Court ordered the Mareschal de la Meilleray and du Plessis-Praslin with United Forces to march thither they took two small places Paombino and Portolongone About this time Henry de Bourbon Prince of Condé died the Six and