Calvo being Govâ—rnour The Seidge was carryed on briskly for three Weeks and many sharp Assaults made where the English Forces behaved gallantly But a cruel Sickness falling into the Army and the Rhinegrave who Commanded next to the Prince of Orange dying of his Wounds but especially the Marishal Sâ—â—mbâ—gs being on his March throw Flanders with a considerable force obleidged the Prince with the full consent of a Council of War to raise his â—eidge Philipsburg surrendered to the Imperialists But to make some amends for this disappointment about the latter end of September Philipsburg after a Blockade of three Moneths is surrendered to the Imperial Army All this last Compaign and succeeding Winter Denmark and Brandenburg prevailed much against the King of Sweden who only was Confederate with France But the Imperial Forces on the Rhine had not so good success which enclived the Dutch to listen now to the French Overtures for a separate Peace CHAP. II. Anno 1677. SECT 1. Section 1 To return to the Treaty About the middle of February 1677. The Assembly was compleatly formed The Assembly fully formed and the Preliminaries bâ—ing dispatched the Respective Ambassadors by agreement put all their Propositions and Pretensions into the hands of the Mediators The particulars whereof being too large to be inserted fully now considering my intended Brevity I have pretermiâ—ted intending to mention the most material heads of them hereafter as the several Parties come to agreement with France Now the Dutch discover a strong propension to a Peace to which the Prince of Orange was much averse and endeavoured what he could to obstruct it The French finding the Confederates very slow and backward in the negotiation for Peace thought fit to quicken them by Blocking up of Cambray and Valenciennes and early in the Year broak in upon Flanders and these parts of Germany on the other side of the Rhine and that with more cruel Devastations then at any time before since the War began Of which the Allies complained heavily to King Charles the Mediator but in vain The French King in Person comes to the Seidge of Valenciennes and the 9th of March the Trenches are opened and on the 17th it is taken From thence he Marched to Cambray which Valenciennes and Cambray taken by the French King on the 5th Day after the Trenches were opened surrendered to him upon Articles except the Citadel which held out a few Days longer At the same time his Brother the Duke of Orleans invested St. Omers The relief whereof the Prince of Orange intended and and endeavoured with the States Forces only the Spainiards giving him no Aid Approaching to St. Omers the Duke of Orleans drew off from the Town and met him at Mountcassel Orleans Forces being much Superior to his The Battel of Mountcassel where after a briâ—k Engagement and hot Dispute on both sides the Princes Batallions fell in disorder and in short betook them to downright flight tho he strove to stop them with his Sword in his hand and cut the first he met over the Face crying aloud Rascal I 'll set a mark on thee that I may hang thee at last But withal he made so Noble and safe a Retreat as wanted little of the Honour of a Victory St. Omers Cambray Citadel surrendered to the French The consequence of this was The Surrender of St. Omers and Cambray Citadel the twentieth of Aprile The French King being at Dunkirk sends the Duke of Câ—equi with a Complement and a Letter to King Charles professing himself willing to agree to a Truâ—e with the Confederates for some years it his Ally the King of Sweden would condescend Praying King Charles to sound his inclination in that point Beverning adjusts the Peace with France Moâ—sieur Beverning the Dutch â—â—enipotentiariâ— who was earnest for concluding a Peace understanding this look't on it as a meer shamm and eâ—â—â—umned openly against it And contrary to the Advice of Moâ—â—â—â—uâ— Vâ—n Benningham and other Ministers of the Allies he streatched farther then his Commission would bear as some thought and managed tâ—e matter so as by the beginning of July all material pâ—ints between the French and Dutch were adâ—â—sted The rest of the Summer being triffled away in unsuccessful Disputs and Junglings about the Duke of Lorrains and the Bishop of Straseburgs concerns in the Treaty Nor was there any considerable Action on either side all this Campaigne for if the French boasted of taking the City of Freeburg in October Sâ—â—tings falling into the Elector of Brandenburgs hands the same Moneth counterpoiâ—ed that and so lest the Scales even SECT 2. Sect. 2 In October The Prince of Orange went to England Prince of Orange goes for England And on the first view of the Princess Mary eldest Daughter of the Duke of York he was extreamly Enamâ—ured of her and â—mmediatly made Suit to the King and her Father to that effect which was assented to provided the Tearms of Peace abroad were â—iâ—st agreed on before the Marriage Which the â—â—mâ—e on no Tearms would assâ—nt to saying the World would beleive â—e hâ—d made that Match for himself at their Cost adding that he would never Sacrifice his Honour to his Love And at last becam so Sullen on the matter as he desired a friend to tell the King that he would leave England within two dayes if things Continued so An. 1678. that it repented him of his coâ—ing that the King must chuse how they should â—ive after for he was sure it must either be as the greatest friends or greatest Enemies This sharpnes and freedom so wrought on the King as he presently consented to the Marriage is Married which was Consummated without delay After which they began to discourse and Concerte the Teâ—rms of I eaâ—e thâ—t was in agitation abroad And so on the Twâ—nty first of November and reâ— turns to Holland the â—rince with his Pâ—â—â—â—ess arryve in Holland Tho King Charles had Engaged to the Prince to joyne in the War with all the Allies if France refused to Concludâ—â— Peace on reasonable Tearms yet soon after he receded from this and sends over with Mr. Thynne a draught of an Alliance with the Dutch only which was Concluded on and Sign'd at the Hâ—gue the sixtenth of January 16â—8 CHAP. III. Anno 1678 SECT I. Sect. 1 Ghent and Ypre â—aken by the French Towards the end of Febreuary the French King Marches on the head of his Army to Metz and having drawn the Spainsh Forces that way of a sudden Crosses the Countrey and by the fourth of March sits down before Ghent and in few days took it as he did Ypre before the end of that Moneth tho the Garrison made a gaâ—lant resistance of which Grivances the Allies acquainted King Charles but all they could do could not excite him to any speedy or open Declaration the French Kings project of Peace The French King elated with his Success of
van-Guard and found that his whole Army were on their march towards the Kings Camp Which made him presently draw up the Army in Battle Aray to oppose â—â—e Enemy Night coming on the King caused a slight Bresâ—work to be cast up before the Foot from the Right Wing to the Left And being on Horse-back all the Evening not only giving all necessary orders but seeing them Executed he ordered his Coach to come to the Beaâ— of Sâ—aâ—lâ—y's Regiment wherein he reposed himself about 2 hours and early next Morning sent for Doctor Menard one of his Chaplains to come into the Coach to Pray with him sutable to the occasion A Rare Example By Sun rising Battle at Landâ—n the French were drawn up within Cannon shot of the Kings Camp being the 19th of July Our Cannon play'd on the French suriously and made a great slaughter which they indured with great constancy till about 6 Aclock and then they made a movement towards our Retrenchments at which time the Batalions and Squadrons from all sides advanced and engaged And it is certainly more casie for a judicious Reader to imagine than for any Man to relate the Bloody work was there But that terrible day drawing to an end after the Confederate Army had done all that was possible for brave Men to do being overpowred with numbers they were at last forced to give ground The â—â—â—ch 〈◊〉 the feild and to quit the Feild of Battle to the Enemy tho it was purchast at a costly and Bloody Rate The Providence of GOD preserved the King Miraculously being shot throw his Peruque and throw his Cloaths in several places his very Enemies behold his wonderful Courage with admiration and it was a common saying amongst them They wanted but such a King to make them Masters of Christendom And the Prince of Contâ— in his Letter to the Princess wis Wife being Intercepted Sayes he saw the King every where present where there was any Action Exposing his Person to the greatest dangers and that surely so much Valour very well deserved the quiet Possession of the Crown he wore Loss on both sides Computed As to the loss on both sides it is variously reported the Fâ—ench affirming our loss to be twenty thousand but it really appeared at the review of the Confederate Army soon after there were not missid above five or six thousand killed wounded and taken And for the loss on the French side it was past all doubt they had above two thousand Officers killed and wounded and few less then eighteen thousand Souldiers which may the rather be credited first because of Luxemburgs not pursuing the Vi ory which certainly he would not have forborn if he had been in a condition and next because of the great Recruits sent him from the Sea Coâ—st and by Bousslers from the Rhine before he laid Seige to Charâ—eroy Which he did on the 31st of August And tho the Garison held out with more true courage than any other Town in Flanders had done since the War began yet Charâ—eroy yeelded to the French seeing no appearance of any releif they were necessâ—at to Capitulat and gâ—tting Honourable Conditions they Surrendred on the 1st of October And Roses also This was not the only Town the Spaniards lost this year for on the 29 of May the French beseiged Roses be Sea and Land and carry on the Seige with that forwardness as the Town was surrendered to them on the 5th of June The Germans were so flow this Spring and the French so forward Heidelburg taken and burnt by the French that the Latter passed the â—hine at Philipsbuog and on the â—8 of May the Marquess de Chamills with Twenty thousand Men invested Heidelburg which being in no posture for defence and a division also hapning between the Inhabitants and Souldiers which put all in Confusion was forced to surrender at discretion of the Victors Soon after this The Dauphine joined the Army which was Seventy thousand strong and having taken by storm the Castle of Zwengenberg he crâ—ssed the Neckar the 26 of July and marched towards the Prince of Badens Camp near Flein The Prince being far fewer in number Dauphine bravadâ— put himself in a defensive posture On the 31 the Dauphine advanced with his whole Army and having raised some Batteries ordered all the Cavalry and Four thousand Granadeers to force the Entrenchments and to encompass the left wing of the Princes Camp But at two a Clock when the Prince expected that the French would have fallen briskly upon him they drew off and repassed the Neckar with some loss Nor did the Dauphine any thing more of moment only he put a Garison into Stugard and sending one detachment to Charleroy under Bousslers and another into Piedmont he returned in August to Versailles SECT 3. Sect. 3 The Duke of Savoy being recovered of his late Sickness joined his Army which was pretry strong Duke of Savoy bâ—seiges Pignerol and presently laid seidge to Pignerol and took the Fort of St. Briaget that covered it with the loss of a Thousand five hundred Men Put the Town made so obstinate resistance as it was debated whether they should raise the Seige or Bomb the Town In the mean time Catinat being reinforced with the Troops sent him from the Rhine descended into the Plains of Maâ—siglia The Duke of Savoy learning he had a design on Turin Raises his Sâ—â—ge and marches to Marsigâ—â—a quit the Seige of Pignerol and marched towards him whereon followed a Bloody Battle on the 4th of October The particulars whereof the States of Hollands Resident then at Turin sent to the States by his Letter Battle of Marsiglia dated the 5th of October Wherein with many other remarks on the Fight he highly commends the valour of the King of great Britains Subjects Commanded by the valiant Duke of Schomberg Schomberg killed who was killed there and two parts of three of his Regiments and eighteen of his Officers were taken many of them mortally Wounded He names many other brave Officers Killed and Wounded there but gives no account of the numbers of Men Filled The French Victors on either side only he says it was beleived the French loss was fully as great as ours However the French had the Victory for the Dukes Army was forced from the Feild of Battle and retreated to Turin and Moâ—calier About this time there were some surmises and a suâ—pition of the King of Polands inclination to clap up a peace with the Fort insligated by the French King but it did not appear Belgrade bâ—seidged by the Duke of Croy This Year The Duke of Croy had the cheif command of the Imperial Army with which about the latter and of July he laid seige to Bâ—lâ—â—aâ—â— which was carryed on with aboundant Courage and Resolution both of the Assaliants and Defendents till the 7â—h of September on which day the Beseigers made a general and
time to cary off their Effects That all the Prince of Oranges pretences and Interests contained in a separate Treaty shall be as effecâ—uâ—lly confirm'd and made good as if they had been particularly inserted in this present Treaty That the King of Great Brittain and his Subjects shall be comprehended in this present Treaty according to the best form that may be That the French Kings Allies as the King of Sweden The Duke of Holstein Bishop of Straâ—burg c. shall be comprehended And on the States side the King of Spain the Protestant Sweetzers c. And Lastly the Treaty to be ratified by both parties within six Weeks after the 10th of Auâ—ust 1678. Ratifyed by the French King The French King Rratified and Signed the Treaty at St. Germans the 18th day of August 1678. The French Embassadors grants and promises to the Prince of Orange the Restitution of the Principality of Orange with all other his Lands and Seigniories in France or Flanders in such maner as he Enjoyed the same before he was disposest by the War and Signed the same the tenth of August 1678. and the French King approved and Signâ—d the said seperate Articles at St Germans the eighteenth of August 1678. Many of the Dutch were unsatisfied with Mousâ—â—â— Bâ—verâ—ings precipitation in Signing the Peace But Amsterdam approving of it the rest of the Provinces came soon to acquiesce in the same At this time Mons was blocked up by the French Army Gommanded by Luxemburg SECT 4. Sect. 4 On the seventeenth of August the Prince of Orange Decamped from Soignâ—s with his own and the Confederat Forces Mons blocked up by the French and marched to St Dennis where the Right wing of the Enemy was posted which about Twelve a clock he began to Cannonâ—de at which very hour the Duke of Monmâ—uth arrived in the Camp About three afternoon Battale of Mons or St Dennis Count Waldeck began the Attact the Prince being present the other side of the Enemy was Attact by the Spanish Forces Commanded by the Duke De Villa Harmosa assisted by the Princes Guards and the English and Scotâ— Commanded by the Noble Earl of Ossery who behaved with much bravery in that Action which Continued from three till nine at night Luxemburgh defeated and the Seige raised by the Prince of Orange with a great slaughter of the French In so much as the Duke of Luxemburgh was forced to reteire in the night leaving his dead and wounded men his Tents Baggadge and all behind him Next morning the Prince intended to prosecute the Victory but was stopt by the advice of Signing the Peace brought to him then A Brave French Officer declared that be esteemed this the only Heroick-action that had been done in the whole progress of the War this added much to the Princes Honour An inâ—erview between them The Prince presentâ—y gave notice to Luxem borg that the Peace was Signed who desiâ—ed an interview with the â—â—rmoâ— which he granted and all things past betwixt them with great Civilâ—ies on both sides the French â—rouding about the young Prince admireing him for his Courage and Conduct in the late Action which made a great noise in the World After this the Dutch Embassâ—dors applye themselves with great zeal to â—â—nishing of the Treaty between France and Spain wherein the English Mediators refused to joyn oâ— be Concerned The northerne Confedera's were mightily â—hafed at the Dutch proceedings and tho the Peace they had Concluded with France could not be repealed yet they indeavoured what in them lay to prevent the agreement between France and Spain King Chares sends Mr Hide wit orders to the Embassadors No sooner King Charles hears of the Signing of the Peace then he â—ends over Mr. Hide about the middle of August with orders to the English Ambassador to go and acquaint the States with his dissatisfaction at their rash proceedings in that matter with several reasons for his being so especially that they had not secured the Evacuation of the Towns to be restored to Spain which he found the French seemed to recede from by some now propositions to the Spainaird And ordered him to solicite the States not to ratifie the agreement their Ambassador had made promising The â—rince of Orange his speach to Sir William Temple on that Embassy that on three dayes after notice thereof he would declare Actual War against France The Prince of Orange being acquainted with this by Mr. Hide he was astonished and lifting up his hands two or three times he sayes to Sir William Tempel was ever any thing so Hâ—â— and so Cold as this Court of yours will the King who is so often at sea ever learn a word that I shall never forget since my last passage when in agreat storme the Captain was crying out to the Man at he Helm all night STEDDY STEDDY STEDDY If this dispatch had coâ—e twenty dayes agoe it would have chaingâ—d the face of all things in Christendome and the War might have been caried â—n till France had yeelded to the Treaty of the Pyrenees and left the World in quiet the rest of our lives but it s my opinion as it comes now it will have no effect And the event proved answerable to his Judgement However that motion of King Charâ—es did so Influence several of the Dutâ—b States Beverning sensured by the States as they began to censure severely Mr. Bevernings Conduct and to charge him with Exceeding his Commission in several points to salve which the French King orders his Embassador at Nimâ—guen to Satisfie the â—aceâ— in these several clauses wherein they seemed to except against Bevernings Conduct Excused by the French King and farther to remit all obstructions in the â—reaty betwixt him and Spain to the sole determination of the States themselves 〈◊〉 is so softened them as they proceed presently to the Ratification ordering it to lye in their Embassadors hands till the Treaty between France and Spain was Concluded which was done and the Peace Signed at the Dutch Embassadors house Peace between France and Spâ—in Signed Soptem-17 1678. the seventeenth of September 1678. Wherein the English Mediators would not Concurre And so the disigns of the English Court were once more cluded and Mr. Hiâ—e return'd discontented to England â—e Infecta The Material Articles of this agreement were first The Articles such as are ordinary in all such cases an universal Cessation of all Acts of Hostility on both sides A lasting Peace to continue between the two Kings their Heirs and Sucâ—essors and all their Subjects All prisonâ—rs on both sides to be reloassed without any ransome An Act of obliuion to pass for all Damnages losses or Injuries of any sort that have happened in the War to this present day The French King to â—ender up to Spain the Towns of Charle roâ— â—inche Aâ—th Oudenard Articles of Peace between France and Spain and Câ—â—tray with all their appurtenances
Proposals for Peace which was earnestly seconded by the Aga who brought the Letter To which the Duke answered That he had no Instructions to listen to any Overturs for Peace but that he would acquaint His Imperial Majesty with the Serasquiers Proposals And so we leave Affaires here and see what the Gernâ—anâ— have been doing in other places all this time General Leslie Commanding in Croatia formed a designe against Esseck and on the ninth of August directed his march thitherward General Leslie takes Esseck The Town of Michalowitz lying in his way and hearing it was keept by sixty Turks only he forced it to surrender at discretion and so continued his march towards Esseck to which he drew near the fourteenth of August where being opposed by a Bodie of Turks he attached them and drove them into the Town and followed them so closs that his men presently scaled the Walls which were not very strong and made themselves Masters of the Town the pillage whereof the General gave to the Souldiers And so with the loss of no more then sixty Men he returned to Michalowitz Esperies taken by General Leslie In upper Hungary General Schultz layes Seige to Esperies which was stoutly Defended but at last the Governour understanding some Additional Forces were coming to the Beseigers on the 11 of September he desired a Parley when Articles being agreed on the Town is put into the Germans hands on the 12. And Baschaw by Caprara And soon after the City of Baschaw was taken by General Caprara Agria was Bombarded by the Baron de Merci and all the Country round it ravaged and destroyed After which the Troops went into their Winter Quarters SECT 5. Sect. 5 We find but smal Feats of the Poles this Campaign for they suffered the Provinces of Podolia to be ravaged by the Tartars Poland They came late into the Feild under the Crown General Poland does but little made two or three smal skirmishes with the Enemy and so returned to their Winter Quarters Francisco Morosins Venetians Captain General of the Venetian Forces set Sail for Coron in July Morosins beseiges Coron To which he laid Seige but was soon Assaulted by a Bodie of Turks whom he defeated killing four Hundered of them and as many wounded yet in a few days after the Turks rallied again and on the 30th of July made a new attempt of breaâ—ing into the Venetian Trenches Beâ—ts the Tuâ—ks tuice but were valiantly repulsed and beaten back to their own Retrenchments lossing near four Hundered more and Kalib Basha killed with a Cannon bullet yet for all this the Beseiged make a brave Resistance and will not listen to any proposals trusting alwayes for releif from the Turkish Camp which lay not far from the Venetians the Captain General understanding this resolves wiâ—h consent of all his Officers to force the Enemyes Camp He forces the Turks Camp and and outs them which the next morning early they attempted and proved therein very successful for the Turks expecting no such thing were mightly surprysed both with the suddenness and boldness of the attempt and being in great Terrour and Confusion forsook their Camp and fled the Venetians making a horrible slaughter of them in their flight They found in the Camp a rich Booty of Artillery Arms and all sorts of provisions After this the Beseiged began to flag and loss Courage yet holding out obstinatly till at last after 49 days Seige the Beseigers made a General Assault and porsecuted the same so eagerly as they took the Town by meer Force He takes Coron be storm puting all to the Sword without respect of age or sex In the Town they found a Hundred and twenty eight Peices of Cannon whereof sixty six were Brass with a great deal of Riches and Provisions of all sorts After this he took the stronge Garison of Zarnata which surrendered to him the 11 of September thence coming to Calamata he was attached by the Captain Bassa and ten Thousand Turks whom he valiantly fought and defeated possessed himself of Calamata and brought the whole Province of Mayna under the Jurisdiction of the Re-publiâ—k This was a fatal year to the French Protestants for for by an Edict the 22d of October An. 1686 the Edicts of Nants and Nisines are repealed Pâ—rsecution of the French Protestants began whereon followed a severe Persecution CHAP. XI Anno 1686. SECT 1. Sect. 1 We return again to England The late Parliament being dissolved the King indeavours to get all the Judges in Westminster Hall to be such as would Justifie all his Actions England so as he might at least seemingly have the Law on his side To which end he begins to Bargain with them that they should declare the Kings Power of dispensing with the Penal Laws and Tests made against Recusants out of Parliament and manadged this design so as he brought it a great length The high Commission In the next place he gives a Commission of Ecclesiastical Affaires to the Bishop of Chester the Bishop of Canterbury refuseing the Imployment and several others of Clargie and Ley-men which Commission is to be seen at large in Cokes Detection c. The first that this Commission fastened upon Bishop of London suspended by it was the Bishop of London whose Crime was that he did not suspend Doctor Sharp for Preaching in his Parish Church of St Giles against the Frauds and Corruptions of the Church of Rome for which he is suspended ab Officiâ— tho the real cause was for moving in the last Parliament that the Kings speech might be Debeated which stuck in the Kings stomach and is now remembered to the Bishop Also the fellows of Magdalen Colledge The next blow the Commission gives is at the Fellows of Magdalen Colledge in Oxford for chuseing for their President Doctor Hough a person very well qualified and refuseing the Bishop of Oxford Recommended to them by the King but after they had chosen the other for which cause the Commissioners not only turns them out of their Fellowships but makes them uncapable of any other Ecclesiasticall Preferments Now comes on the stage Thomas Dangerfeâ—d who discovered the Meal-tub-plot Dangerfend killed for which he is sentenced to be whip't with Doctor Oats and at his return from Tyburne towards Newgate he is run into the eye with a Tuck on the end of a cane by Robert Francis a Papist of which and the agony of his severe whipping he dyed soon after However Francis is hauged for that base and Barbarous Act. Mr. Johnson whip't and for what crime And Mr. Samuel Johnson a Minister was Sentenced also to stand 3 times in the Pillory and to be whip't between Tyburne and Newgate which was executed severely his crime being a humble and hearty addresse to the Protestant Officers in the Kings Army Showing them the sin and danger of Associating themselves with Papists and earnestly exhorting them
said Month were Executed at Tiburn Five Conspirators tryed and Executed The next Five that followed the former three were Sir John Freind Sir William Perkins Cranborne Rookwood and Lowick all convicted sentenced and Executed The glad Tidings of the Kings safety going to Holland The Confederate Generals resolved to solemnize the same with an extraordinary Bonfire which they did by setting fire to the French Magazine at Gevet which gave them to more Joy than it did of Greif to the French Thoulon Fleet arrives as Bresls About the time that Admiral Russel lay before Calats and Dunkirk the Thoulon Fleet came from the Straits and got all saâ—e to in Bresi and other French Ports Our Fleet had no great success in the attempt of Bombarding of Calais though yet there was burnâ— and destroyed no less than Seventy five Houses Calais Bombarded besides the Church and Convent But in the Isle of Rhee where the Lord Berkley Landed the 14 of July Some French Towns Bombarded by the Lord Berkley the French sustained far greater Damage where the Town of St. Martins was almost utterly destroyed And after this the Lord Berkley landing in the Isle of Groa and two other Islands near Bedâ—slâ— the Soldiers destroyed about 20 Villages burnt a Thousand three hundred Houses and brought away a Thosand six hundred head of Cattle The Fleet took Twenty Barks and retook one of our West India Ships and a small Frigat which the Privateers of St. Malo's had taken and so ended our Summer Expedition with considerable Damages to the French SECT 2. Sect. 2 In Catalonia Sovoy The Duke de Vandosm having passed the Teâ— and understanding that the Spanish Cavalry were advanced from their Lines to observe him A Conflict in Catalonia attacked them The Spaniards stood stoutly to it at first but finding great numbers of the French infantry coming up to second their Horse they retired in good order to their Trenches the French pursued them to their Camp but being ill treated by the Spanish Artillery they retired with considerable loss The Spaniards lost Three hundred and they alledged that the French lost more The French on the Rhine being stronger at first then the Prince of Baden Rhine offered him Batle Prince of Baden Canâ—nâ—ds the French Camp at Newstadt which he durst not accept but being joined by the Hessian Troops a while after he passed the Rhine and advanced to Newstadt where the French lay strongly Encamped whom the Prince could not draw out to Battle but he had the Honour of Cannonading them for several dayes not only in Newstadt but in their very Trenches So after he had got some Booty and diverse Hostages for Contribution he repassed the River on the 8th of October and then marched in to Winter Quarters The Duke Savoy having secretly Concerted all matters betwixt him and the French King yet used all possible Artifices to conceas it a long time Savoy Mareschal Catinat had inded a strong Army in Piedmont Duke of Savoy agrees with the French King much Superior to the Confederats and might certainly have distressed and damnified the Duke of Snvoy very much but having secrâ—et Instructions from his Master carried much more favourably towards the Duke than he used formerly to do in so far as the Grand-Prior of France taking notice of his remisnes Accused him to the French King by his Letter which the King receiving smiled all the while he was reading it and wrot to the Grand-Prior not to take notice of Catinats Actions for what he was doing was by orders from him However on the 12. of July a Truce is concluded on for a Month and before that ended followed the final conclusion of a Peace on Terms advantageous enough to Savoy had he not forfited his Honour otherwise by abandoning his Allies so unworthily and contrary to his solem engagements For the French made restitution to him of all the new Conquests they had made Tearms of agreement as also of Pignerâ—l gave him 4 Millions of Livers towards the reparation of his damages he had sustain'd during the War engaged to assist him when he had occasion with eight thousand Foot and four thousand Horse and that at the French Kings charge and as a further tie Excuses himself to the King of Spain c But not to the King of great Britain his Daughter to be Married to the Duke of Burgundy without a portion The Duke of Savoy by his Letters excuses himself to the Emperour to the King of Spain and to the Electors of Bavaria and Brandenburg but not a line to the King of Great Britain which the King resented as much as he did his unjustifiable actions in the main And in September following the Dukes Envoy Marques de Gâ—ven makes a large Harange to the late King wherein he highly Complements him and professes a great deal of kindnes But withal makes a foul discovery of his own unsolid and wavering Humor And withal on the 15. of September he puts himself on the Head of the French and his hwn Troops being now joyned to drive his Friends and Allies out of Italy if they did not accept of a Neutrality A strange metamorphosis to see the same Man in one Campaign Head 2 adverse Armies and take upon him to command both the like where of can hardly be paralleld in any History However the Envoy's of all the partys concerned Neutrality in Italy signed meeting and taking this knottie and intricat Affaire into consideration after long Debate the Neutrality is agreed to and Signed the 7 of October Presently after this there followed a mighty discourse of a general Peice between the French King and the rest of the Confederats being much occasioned by Monsieur Dickvelts traversing so often between the Hague and the Camp But of this more hereafter Sect. 3 The Grand-Signior in person Hungary came early this year to Belgrade on the Head of a powerful Army And the Elector of Saxony joyned the Imperial Army in the beginning of June whom he sound to be little inferior to the Turkish Army and to the end he might draw them to a Battle he made a feint of Beseiging Tames-ware this took effect as he wished for being certainly informed that the Sultan with his whole Army was approaching him he leaves Tames-ware and marches to meat him On the 21. of August very early they found the Turkish Cavalry to appear in great numbers on which the Elector and General Caprara caused the Army to march in order of Battle The Turks attacked them with great fury but they were repulsed and beaten back to their infantry A feirce Battle near Tames-ware and night coming on they stood all to their Arms till next morning that day and the 2 following days there was no engagment only the Cannonading one anothers Camps but on the 25. the Ottoman Army forsook their Trenches and came fairly out and offered
Battle which presently began very hot on both sides The Body of the Imperial Army advancing in 2 Columns the Turks detaches against them twelve thousand Scuderbeegâ—â—'s on Horsback being a sort of people who usually run upon the hottest of the fire and Fight like mad-men in hopes of great rewards which the Sultan is wont to give them after the Battle it over these Men after they had forced the Calthropt of the Imperialists broak into the first line 2. Batalions bein constrain'd to give way to their furie but they were soon repulsed by the Imperial Horse and so the line was closed again The Fight was very feirce and pushed on with various success on both sides somtimes the one and by and by the other party having the advantage and continued so till the evening at which time Caprara's and some other fresh Reâ—gments making a furious onset the Turks were driven back to their Trenches and behind their Barricadoes The Turks retire But night coming on the Elector thought not fit to attack them in their Trenches but kept his Army on the Field of Battle in their Armes all night and early next day offered the Grand-Signior Battle again which he declined And so ended this Battle which was fought with more resolution and bravery than any in this age and seemed to be like a drawn Battle A drawn Battle the loss on both sides differing little for the Imperialists computs the Enemies loss to be four thousand and their own three thousand so granting some smal deduction for partiality the difference will not be great General Heidersheim killed in this Battle The only person of note lost by the Imperialists was the brave General Heidersheim In Croatia Count Barthiant Governour there took the strong â—astle of Vranogratz and the Fort of Tinderaw which proved good Barriers against the Incursions of the Turks which often formerly they had made that way SECT 4. Sect. 4 Of the Venetiens Venice there is not much to relate this year of any great remark Only the Basha Laberachâ— borne in the old famous Leuctra and said to be descended of the ancient Kings of Sparta abandond'd the Turks and came over to the Venetian interest Delfino active in Dalmatia he takes Duleigno In Dalmatia General Delfino laied Seige in August to Duleigno routed five thousand Turks who came to releive it and at last took the Town but the Castle being very strong held out still and the Bashâ— of Scutart attempting thâ— releif of it was â—pulsâ—d with a great slaughter yâ—â— for all this the Castle stood out so resolutely as Delfino was forced to leave it and the Town also and ravaging all the Countrey about marched safe ofâ— General Molino beats the Turks at Sea And general Molino engaged Mezzomorto the Turkish Admiral and his Fleet near Castello-roflâ— fought him a whole day and at last forced him to bear away with all the Sail he could make to the port of Seto having severals of his Ships sore shattred and six hundred of his Men killed King of Poland dies 2. On June 17 died John Sobiesks King oâ— Poland being above 70. years old 3. We have heard little of the Moscovites actions hitherto But this Campaign the Czar Peter Alâ—xowitz marched in person on the Head of a vasâ— Army and lays Seige to Asoph a place of great strength and Importance on the mouth of the Riveâ— Tanats and having defeated at Sea some Turkisâ— Vesells coming to supplie the Town with provisions he carried on the Seige so vigorously An. 1321. that the Gariâ—on almost starved were forced to surrender on Articles the 28 of July Asoph taken by the Czar of Moscoâ—â—a And next day they marchâ—d out being three thousand Turks besides Tartars â—n the Town they found 90 peice of Cannon a great deal of Ammunition but very little other provisions which hastened the surrendry of the place On the Kings return to Englanâ— which this year was somewhat sooner then ordinar He gave the Parliament an account of the Negotiation set on foot towards a General Peace telling them withal that the proper and safe way to Treat was with Sword in hand which he desired them seriously to consider and make preparations accordingly Death of the Queen Mother of Spain This year on the 7 of May dyed Mary Anne of Austria Queen Mother of Spain CHAP. XXII Anno 1697. SECT 1. Sect. 1 Now we are come to the last of these one and twenty Remarkable years And the first thing Material is the concerting of the Preliminaries Preliminaries of the Peace Signed in order to the Peace which were agreed on in Holland and Signed the 10 of February The particulars whereof I omitt being only matters of formality Reswick is agreed on by all parties to be the place of Treaty and on the 9. of May the Conferences began in which there was but a slow progress made for a while The French having made a Peace with Savoy last year made their Forces more numerous and powerful this year both in Flanders and Catalonâ—a Aeth taken by the French so as they Beseiged and in a short time reduced Aeth in the former and Beseiged Barcelona in the latter which they did not with a design to retard but rather to quicken the Spaniards pace towards a Peace so that the Conferences between their Plenipotentiaries and the Allies went on under the Mediation of the young King of Sweden whose Father Charleâ— the 11 dyed on the â—7 of April by the intervention of the Baron de Lilliearot his Embassador An. 1697. who went between the one and the other for the said purpose King of Sweden Mediator in the Peace That which Embarrassed the proceedings of the Plenipotentiaries for a while was the expectation of news all of them had from divers parts which might favour their respective Interests and by which they might take their proper measures but more especially from Poland the French being very confident that the Prince of Conti would carry that Crown while the Confederats had all their eyes turned upon Prince James But in the mean time in comes a third person whom no body dreamt of and ran away with the bone Elector of Saxony chosen King of Poland The Elector of Saxony who having with great Celerity and Secrery Concerted that project with his Imperial Majesty and having privatly reconcealed himself to the Church of Rome all of a sudden Musters up his Troops and Marches towards Silesia and the Frontiers of Poland And the next news they hear at Reswick was his being chosen King of Poland on the 26 of June by a great majority of Voices above the Prince of Conti who was also Proclaimed King by the other party tho the Expedition he made into that Countrey proved little to his or the French Kings satisfaction Saxony having gained his point before Conti's arrival Tho this news was a great Mortification to the French
IV. The Most Christian King promises upon the Faith and Word of a King not to disturb the King of Great Brittain in the fice possession of all or any of His Kingdoms Dominions c. nor aid or assist any of the saids Kings Enemies who shall offer to disturb or nâ—olest Him directly or indirectly the King of great Brittain being engaged to perform the same Freindship to the Most Christian King V. That there shall be a free Commerce and Trade between the Subjects on all sides without any stop or molestation as their was formerly in time of Peace VI. That the Administration of Justice shal be restored and set up through all the Kingdoms of both Kings to which the Subjects of either may have recourse for reparation if any Damnage or Inâ—thy shall be offered to them VII The saids Kings do mutually promise to deliver up to each other all Countries Islands Forts and Colonies wheresoever situated which were poâ—â—est by either of them before the Declaration of this present War VIII Commissioners shall be appointed on both sides to adjust and determine the Pretensiions which either of the saids Kings hath to the places situated in Hudâ—ons-bay The saids Commissioners to meet in London within three Moneths and to determine the matter within six XI That all Letters of reprisal and marque shall be made null and void and shall not be granted hereafter by either of the saids Kings against the Subjects of the other unless it be first made manifest that right was required and denyed X. Provision is made for preventing any Disputes which may arise concerning the restitution of Ships Merchandises c. which either party may complain of â—aken and detain'd from the other in remoâ—e places after the Peace is concluded and before it be notified there XI That if by Imprudeâ—ceâ— any Subject of either of the Kings shall commit any Act any where contrary to the present â—reaty that Act shall not infringe or make voâ—d the said Treaty only the said person shall Answer for his own Fact and receive â—unishment for the same according to the custom and Law of Nations XII If War happen to break out again betwixt the two â—ings which God forbid tâ—e Goods of the Subjects on either side shall not be conâ—â—scated or stopâ— but six Moneths shall be allowed for removing and carrying off the same XIII The Most Christian King promises in reality to the King of Great Brittain the â—rincipality of Oraneâ— and all otâ—er Lands and Dominions belonging to the said King conform to the separat Article of the Treaty of Nimeguen concluded between the Most Christian King and the States General of the united â—rovinces the 10th of August 1678 together wâ—th all the â—râ—fits and Interest due to him ever since he was dispossessed of the same in tâ—e time of the War which was ended by the Treaâ—y of Nimeguen XIV The Most Christian King ratisies all the Articles made between him and the late Elector of â—râ—ndeâ—burgh at St Germans in Laye the 29th of June 1679. XV. He ratifies also the Treaty and Agreement made between him and his Highness the Duke of Savoy on the 9th of August 1660. XVI Both the saids Kings allow to be comprehended in this Treaty all who shall be named by either Party with mutual consent before the exchange of ratification or within six Moneths after Especially the Serene and Mighty Prince Charles King of Sweden sole Mediator in the Grand Treaty XVII And Lastly Both the foresaid Kings appoint that this agreement and Alliance made in due form shall be delivered on both sides and mutually and duly exchanged at the Royal Palace of Reswick in the Pâ—ovince of â—olland within three Weeks from the day of the â—ubscription or sooner if it may be In ' Testimony whereof the former Articles were Signed by the English and French Embassadors and by the extraordinary Ambassador Mediator INDEX ABdicat debated in Parliament 77 Ackmet Sultan dyes 146 Addressis to King Charles 25 And Rejected Ib. Act of Parliament in England against a Popâ—sh King and Quâ—en 87 Act of Recognition in Scotland 79 Aeth taken by the French 157 Agria yeilded to Count Carassa 65 A brim Battle 114 Alba Regalis and Lippa yeilded to the Emperour 70 Alliance between the Emperour Pole and Venice 36 Altercations about the Basis of the Treaty at Reswick 159 Argyle Earl of convicted of high Treason 31 Makes his Escape 32 Lands in Scotland is taken and Beheaded in Edinburgh 45 He dyed piously Ib. Argos Battle 147 Asoph taken by the Ozar of Moscovie 157 Athlone taken by General Ginkle 113 Ausburg League 35 Auxiliaries Names for the Empeâ—our against the Turks 39 BAden Prince of takes Five Churches Syclos c. 57 Burns â—sseck Ib. Beates Count Teckley out of Transilvania 1â—7 Comes to England 133 Ganonades the Fyench Camp at Newstadâ— 1â—2 Barkan Battâ—e 39 Bavaria Elâ—ctress dyes 127 Belgrade taken by Storm by the Duke of Pavarid 71 Retaken by the Turks 107 Beseiged by the Duke of Croy 132 Berkley Lord of attaques Brest and comes off with loss 134 Bombards Deip c. 136 And St. Malo's 142 And Calais and St. Martins 152 Beverning adjusts the Peace with France 4 Censured for it 12 Bishop of London Suspended 53 Bâ—shops Seven refused to Read King James's Declaration 69 They are Imprisoned tryed and acquâ—tted Ib. Bill of Exclusion rejected by the House of Lords 27 Bonne taken by the Duke of Lorrain and Brandenburgh 84 Boyle Robert Esq dyes 127 Boyn Battle in Ireland 92 Brandenburgh Flector of his Letter to the French King 16 And to the States of Holland 18 His Death 77 Battle at Brâ—d 71 Bouster takes Cochein 83 Brussels bâ—mb'd by Villeroy 142 Butschin taken by Dunewald 64 Buda beseidged by Lorrain 41 Seidge raised lb. Beseâ—dged again by him and taken by Storm 56 C. CAlamburg Battle 38 Cambray Citadel yeilded to the French 3 Cambrun Battle 116 Carricksergus taken by the Duke of Schomberg 81 Carignan Battle 103 Carmagnola yeilded to the French 117 Retaken by Pâ—â—nce Fugine 118 Castlemain Earl of sent to Rome by Ring James 63 Castlenovo taken by General Cornaro 66 Catalonia Insurection 102 Catalonia a Conflict 152 Canissa yeilded to the Emperour 105 Casal yeilded 145 Cessation of Armes betwen France and the Confederates 6 Cessation between the Emperour and the Turks 60 Charles King joins with the Dutch 7 His new Councellors after the Popish Plot 22 Makes Allyance with the Dutch 25 His Death and Character 44 Charter of London made void 32 Charters of all Towns of England questioned 34 Charleroy yeilded to the French 131 Ciclut and Cobluch taken by General Delphino 138 Cochein taken by Bouslers 38 Colâ—â—dge Steven Executed 31 Coloâ—n Elector made Prince of â—â—â—â—â—ge 135 Commission High by King James 35 Commons House voted the Crown vaccant 77 Comâ—â— prodigious 29 Couinsmark defeats the Turks and takes new Novorino 59 Conâ—â—ess at Nameguen 1 Corâ—â—th Sparia Athens taken by Moâ—osini 67
Wounded Men to be Hang'd and that with the Solemnity of Trumpets Drums and Bag-pipes making a noise all the time of their Execution And after all this Alerman Cornish a Worthy Honest Citizen of London is Apprehended Arraign'd Condemn'd Mr. Cornish Executed and Executed and that for no other Cause Realy but that being Sheriff of London at the Discovery of the Popish Plot he had appeared Active in prosecuting the Conspirators and this was the Demonstration of the Kings Clemency and tenderness towards his People which he so fairly promised first to the Privy Council and soon after to the Parliament SECT 3. Sect. 3 All things going so fair on in England with the King he begins to take Ireland under consideration and in the first place he begins to turn out some Eminent Protestant Officers as the Lord Shannon Captain Robert â—itzgerald Captain Richard Coot and Sir George St. George all Captains of Horse and fills up these Vacancies with Popish Officers Then he calls over the Duke of Ormond Collonel Talbot sent to Enland to no other end then that by divesting him of the Government of that Kingdom he might make way for the advancement of his darling Richard Talbot a bigot Papist whom he first makes a Collonel of Horse and afterwards Lord Deputy and General of all his Forces in Ireland and creats him Earl of Tirconnel who being cloathed with this Grandour and Power He disbands Protestants began presently to Exereise it he Disbanded whole Companies and Troops at once stripping them of their Cloaths and depriving them of their Horses and Accutrements all which they had payed for he turn'd off two or three hundered Protestant Officers And makes up the Army of Irish Papists many of Whom had purchassed their Commissions at a dear rate and in a short time turned out of the Army Five or Six thousand Protestant Souldiers most part of whom went a Begging and formed the Army entirely of Irish Papists with a mixture of some few French Officers all Papists King James being elated and animated with his Success hitherto The Kings speech to the Parliament in November 1685. both in England and Ireland and finding his Parliament so plyable to all his desires in the last Session at their meeting in November 1685 he layes before them the necessity of Encreassing the Army and of a continual standing Force to defend Him and the Nation from all attempts of their Enemies either abroad or at home and desires a supplie answerable to the necessary expence in that matter And in the next place he extolls the Loyalty and good services of many Popish Officers he had taken into the Army and declared plainly that he would not expose them to disgrace nor deprive himself of the benefite of their service if a new Rebellion should happen The Parliament taking thir motions into Consideration The answer of both houses the Lords Voted tho faintly and not unanimously that thanks should be returned to his Majesty for his Speech But the house of Commons went to work more Ingenuously and roundly for on the sixteenth of November they addrest the King That finding his Majesty not fully satisfied with the Militia in the late troubles they would take care to make them more usefull for the future but not on word of Encreassing the Army and for the Popish Officers they were preparing a Bill for indemnifying them from the penalty they had incurred by Law but because the continuing them in the Army without ane Act of Parliament might be thought a dispensing power with that Law they humbly prayed he would be pleased to give such directions therein that no Jealousies might râ—main in the hearts of his faithful Subjects The consequent of this address was The Parliament dissolved â—ust a prorogation and then a dissolution of the Parliament And so the King is left at liberty to persue his designs by such methods as he thought fit SECT 4. Sect. 4 Tho it be a long stept From Enâ—land to Hungary yet thither we go to enquire how affairs went there this last campaign Hungary On the the thirteenth of June 1685. The Duke of Lorrain arrives at the Imporial Camp Newheusel beseiged by Lorrain between Newheusel and Barkan where the Seige of Newheusel is resolved on thither the Duke marches and on the eleventh of July the Trenches are opened and the Seige carried on with great resolution till the end of july the beseiged making obstinate resistance Duke of Lorrain marches to releive Gran beseiged by the Turks The Duke having certain advice that the Scrasquier Basha had Beseiged Gran with an Army of near sixty Thousand Men resolved to leave a sufficient body for carrying on the Seige and with the greatest part of the Army to march to the râ—leise of Gran The Emperour approving this resolution on the first of August The Duke began his march towards Gran and on the fourteenth Encamped very near the Enemy The Turks beleiving the Christian Army to be not above twenty Thousand attached them with great furie but were so warmlie received as they were soon convinced of their mistake and repented of it tho to late The Turks totaly routed at Gran. The Imperialist pursues them hotly even to their Camp making great slaughter and without any stop drove them from their Camp and gave them a total overthrow In this action the Turks lost sour Thousand Jamsaries and two thousand Spah's their Baggadge and all their Artillery being twenty three prices of Cannon and four Mortars The Christians lost not above an Hundered Men and of them no person of Note Vicegarde taken by the Turks But while the Serasquier lay before Gran where he lost near three Thousand in the attaches he detach't a partie to Vicegrade which after a whiles brave defence was forced at last to surrender carrying off their Arms and Baggage and came safe to the Imperial Army This small loss was a boundantly Compensed with the gaining the strong Garison of Newheusel which was thought invincible Newheusel taken by storme by the Duke of Croy and Caprara for the General Caprara and the Duke of Croy who commanded the Forces left at the Seige by the Duke of Lorrain having by great application and industry made their approaches so near as their Cannon had made a breach in one of the Bastions so broad that three Men might enter a breast resolved on a general Assault the next day being the ninteenth of August which accordingly was performed and carryed on with such incredible Resolution that notwithstanding the Vigorous resistance made by the Defendants they rushed into the Town and put all to the Sword only Hassan Basha who was ill wounded and ten Officers were saved They found in the Town seveny five peices of Cannon besides a great quantity of Warlike provisions This great loss of the Turks moved the Serasquier Ipradim to wriâ—e to the Duke of Lorrain offering some