they_o with_o great_a loss_n from_o their_o wall_n wherewith_o they_o be_v extreme_o enrage_v march_v through_o all_o devonshire_n burn_v the_o village_n waste_v the_o field_n and_o slay_v the_o people_n without_o distinction_n of_o age_n or_o sex_n after_o their_o usual_a manner_n whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o devon_n somerset_n and_o dorsetshires_n unite_n their_o force_n in_o a_o body_n in_o a_o place_n call_v penho_n give_v they_o battle_n but_o be_v overpowr_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o far_o exceed_v they_o both_o in_o number_n and_o military_a skill_n they_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v and_o many_o of_o they_o slay_v the_o dane_n thereupon_o get_v their_o horse_n harrow_v devonshire_n far_o worse_o than_o before_o and_o return_v with_o a_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n whence_o steer_v their_o course_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n they_o prey_v sometime_o upon_o it_o sometime_o upon_o hampshire_n other_o time_n upon_o dorsetshire_n no_o man_n resist_v they_o destroy_v the_o man_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o the_o village_n and_o town_n with_o fire_n in_o such_o sort_n ut_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la nec_fw-la classica_fw-la manus_fw-la navali_fw-la nec_fw-la pedestris_fw-la exercitus_fw-la certare_fw-la audeat_fw-la praello_fw-la terrestri_fw-la for_o which_o cause_n the_o king_n and_o people_n be_v overwhelm_v with_o unspeakable_a grief_n and_o sadness_n in_o this_o sad_a perplexity_n king_n ethelred_n anno_fw-la 1002._o habito_fw-la consilio_fw-la cum_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primatibus_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la roger_n hoveden_n and_o other_o express_v it_o or_o consilio_fw-la primatum_fw-la suorum_fw-la 9_o as_o mat._n westminster_n and_o his_o follower_n relate_v it_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n assemble_v together_o for_o this_o purpose_n at_o london_n repute_v it_o beneficial_a for_o he_o and_o his_o people_n to_o make_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o dane_n and_o to_o give_v they_o a_o stipend_n and_o pacify_v tribute_n that_o so_o they_o may_v cease_v from_o their_o mischief_n for_o which_o end_n duke_n leofsi_n be_v send_v to_o the_o dane_n who_o come_v to_o they_o importune_v they_o that_o they_o will_v accept_v of_o a_o stipend_n and_o tribute_n they_o glad_o embrace_v his_o embassy_n condescend_v to_o his_o request_n and_o determine_v how_o much_o tribute_n shall_v be_v pay_v they_o for_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n whereupon_o soon_o after_o a_o tribute_n of_o 24000_o pound_n be_v pay_v they_o pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la for_o the_o good_a of_o peace_n in_o this_o assembly_n and_o council_n as_o i_o conjecture_v 510._o king_n ethelred_n inform_v his_o counsellor_n who_o instruct_v he_o both_o in_o divine_a and_o humane_a thing_n with_o the_o sloathfulness_n negligence_n and_o vicious_a life_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n throughout_o england_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n think_v meet_v to_o thrust_v they_o out_o and_o put_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n to_o pour_v forth_o prayer_n and_o praise_n to_o god_n for_o he_o and_o his_o people_n in_o a_o due_a manner_n whereupon_o he_o confirm_v by_o his_o charter_n the_o ejection_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n out_o of_o christs-church_n in_o canterbury_n and_o the_o 10._o introduction_n of_o monk_n in_o their_o place_n and_o ratify_v all_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n former_o grant_v they_o exempt_n the_o monastery_n and_o land_n thereof_o from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_o expeditione_n pontium_fw-la operatione_n et_fw-la arcium_fw-la reparatione_fw-la beseech_v and_o conjure_v all_o his_o lawful_a successor_n king_n bishop_n earls_z and_o people_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v ecclesiae_fw-la christi_fw-la praedones_fw-la sed_fw-la sitis_fw-la patrimonii_fw-la christi_fw-la defensores_fw-la seduli_fw-la ut_fw-la vita_fw-la et_fw-la gaudio_fw-la aeternis_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dei_fw-la sanctis_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la fruamini_fw-la which_o charter_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o of_o 2._o several_a aelderman_n noble_n and_o officer_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n this_o year_n other_o duke_n leofsi_n slay_v esric_n a_o nobleman_n the_o king_n chief_a provost_n be_v judicial_o banish_v the_o realm_n by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o offence_n after_o this_o peace_n make_v with_o the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1002._o emma_n arrive_v in_o england_n receive_v both_o the_o diadem_n 1002._o and_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n puff_v daniâ—l_n up_o with_o pride_n see_v he_o can_v not_o drive_v out_o the_o dane_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n contrive_v how_o to_o murder_v and_o destroy_v they_o all_o in_o one_o day_n by_o treachery_n at_o unaware_o either_o by_o the_o sword_n or_o by_o fire_n because_o they_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v he_o and_o his_o noble_n both_o of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o subject_v all_o england_n to_o their_o own_o dominion_n the_o occasion_n time_n and_o manner_n of_o who_o sudden_a universal_a massacre_n be_v thus_o relate_v by_o mat._n westminster_n an._n 1012._o though_o act_v an._n 1002._o as_o all_o accord_n and_o by_o mr._n fox_n and_o other_o huna_n general_n of_o king_n ethelreds_n militia_n a_o valiant_a warlike_a man_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o manage_n of_o the_o affaris_fw-la of_o the_o realm_n under_o the_o king_n observe_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o now_o after_o the_o peace_n make_v with_o they_o do_v so_o proud_o lord_n it_o through_o all_o england_n that_o they_o presume_v to_o ravish_v the_o wife_n and_o daughter_n of_o nobleman_n and_o every_o where_o to_o expose_v they_o to_o scorn_v by_o strength_n cause_v the_o english_a husbandman_n to_o soil_n and_o sow_v their_o land_n and_o do_v all_o vile_a labour_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n while_o they_o will_v sit_v idle_o at_o home_n hold_v their_o wife_n daughter_n and_o servant_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o when_o the_o husbandman_n come_v home_o they_o shall_v scarce_o have_v of_o their_o own_o as_o his_o servant_n have_v so_o that_o the_o dane_n have_v all_o at_o his_o will_n and_o fill_v fare_v of_o the_o best_a when_o the_o owner_n scarce_o have_v his_o fill_n of_o the_o worst_a thus_o the_o common_a people_n be_v of_o they_o oppress_v be_v in_o such_o fear_n and_o dread_n that_o not_o only_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o suffer_v they_o in_o their_o do_n but_o also_o glad_a to_o please_v they_o and_o call_v every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o house_n where_o they_o have_v rule_v lord_n dane_n etc._n etc._n hereupon_o huna_n go_v to_o the_o king_n much_o perplex_v and_o make_v a_o lamentable_a complaint_n to_o he_o concern_v these_o thing_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o little_a move_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o same_o huna_n send_v letter_n or_o commission_n unto_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o realm_n command_v all_o and_o every_o of_o the_o nation_n that_o on_o one_o day_n after_o to_o wit_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n the_o bishop_n all_o the_o dane_n throughout_o england_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o a_o secret_a massacre_n that_o â—o_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o english_a may_v all_o joint_o and_o at_o one_o time_n be_v free_v from_o the_o danish_a oppression_n and_o so_o the_o dane_n who_o by_o a_o firm_a covenant_n swear_v unto_o by_o both_o side_n a_o little_a before_o aught_o to_o have_v dwell_v peaceable_o with_o the_o english_a be_v too_o opprobrious_o slay_v and_o the_o woman_n with_o their_o child_n 2._o be_v dash_v against_o the_o post_n of_o the_o house_n miserable_o pour_v out_o their_o soul_n when_o therefore_o the_o sentence_n of_o this_o decree_n be_v execute_v at_o the_o city_n of_o london_n without_o mercy_n many_o of_o the_o dane_n flee_v to_o a_o certain_a church_n in_o the_o city_n where_o all_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v without_o pity_n stand_v by_o the_o very_a altar_n themselves_o moreover_o that_o which_o aggravate_v the_o rage_n of_o this_o persecution_n be_v the_o death_n of_o guimild_a sister_n of_o king_n swain_n slay_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o england_n she_o be_v lawful_o marry_v to_o count_n palingers_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o great_a power_n who_o go_v into_o england_n with_o her_o husband_n they_o both_o there_o receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n this_o most_o prudent_a virago_n be_v the_o mediatrix_fw-la of_o the_o peace_n between_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n give_v herself_o with_o her_o husband_n and_o only_a son_n as_o hostage_n to_o king_n ethelred_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o peace_n she_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o king_n to_o that_o most_o wicked_a duke_n edric_n to_o keep_v that_o traitor_n within_o few_o day_n after_o command_v her_o husband_n with_o her_o son_n to_o be_v slay_v before_o her_o face_n with_o four_o spear_n and_o last_o of_o all_o command_v she_o to_o be_v behead_v she_o undergo_v
occidendum_fw-la non_fw-la rati_fw-la slay_v and_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o all_o his_o servant_n and_o courtier_n as_o well_o english_a as_o dane_n be_v above_o 200._o on_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o river_n of_o humber_n then_o break_v up_o his_o treasury_n they_o take_v away_o all_o his_o treasure_n horse_n arm_n householdstuff_n and_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v he_o the_o rumour_n whereof_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o country_n in_o a_o uproar_n almost_o all_o the_o nortkumberlander_n meet_v together_o and_o elect_v constitute_v morchar_n earl_n algarus_fw-la son_n for_o their_o earl_n in_o the_o place_n of_o tosti_n who_o march_v with_o they_o into_o lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n and_o derbyshire_n waste_v and_o pillage_v those_o county_n slay_v many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o carry_v many_o thousand_o of_o they_o away_o captive_a leave_v those_o county_n much_o impoverish_v many_o year_n after_o hereupon_o harold_n be_v send_v against_o they_o to_o revenge_v those_o injury_n to_o prevent_v further_a mischief_n and_o to_o mediate_v a_o reconciliation_n between_o they_o and_o tosti_n upon_o this_o the_o northumberlander_n meet_v harold_n first_o at_o northampton_n and_o afterward_o at_o oxford_n and_o although_o they_o be_v more_o in_o number_n than_o he_o yet_o be_v desirous_a of_o quietness_n and_o peace_n they_o excuse_v the_o fact_n unto_o he_o say_v se_fw-la homines_fw-la liberè_fw-la natos_fw-la liberè_fw-la educatos_fw-la nullius_fw-la ducis_fw-la ferociam_fw-la pati_fw-la posse_fw-la a_fw-la majoribus_fw-la didicisse_fw-la aut_fw-la libertatem_fw-la aut_fw-la mortem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o they_o be_v man_n free_o bear_v free_o educate_v can_v not_o suffer_v the_o cruelty_n of_o any_o duke_n that_o they_o have_v learn_v of_o their_o ancestor_n either_o to_o enjoy_v liberty_n or_o death_n therefore_o if_o the_o king_n will_v have_v they_o his_o subject_n he_o must_v set_v another_o earl_n over_o they_o even_o morehar_n who_o have_v have_v experience_n how_o sweet_o they_o know_v to_o obey_v if_o they_o be_v sweet_o handle_v but_o all_o of_o they_o unanimous_o refuse_v any_o reconciliation_n at_o all_o with_o tosti_n who_o they_o dutlaw_v together_o with_o all_o 2_o those_o who_o have_v incite_v he_o to_o make_v a_o unjust_a law_n and_o impose_v a_o illegal_a tribute_n upon_o they_o harold_n hear_v these_o thing_n and_o mind_v more_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n than_o his_o brother_n profit_n recall_v his_o army_n and_o the_o king_n have_v hear_v their_o answer_n confirm_v morchar_n for_o their_o duke_n tosti_n hateful_a to_o all_o man_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o earl_n edwin_n be_v expel_v out_o of_o england_n by_o the_o northumberlander_n and_o drive_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n into_o flanders_n whence_o return_v about_o two_o year_n after_o and_o join_v with_o the_o dane_n he_o enter_v with_o the_o dane_n into_o northumberland_n miserable_o harrow_v the_o whole_a country_n slaughter_a the_o inhabitant_n and_o at_o last_o be_v there_o slay_v with_o most_o of_o his_o soldier_n by_o his_o own_o brother_n king_n harold_n anno_fw-la 1066._o king_n edward_n as_o abbot_n 911._o ingulphus_n live_v in_o that_o age_n record_n anno_fw-la 1065._o being_n burden_v with_o old_a age_n perceive_v prince_n edgar_n atheling_n his_o cousin_n edward_n son_n late_o dead_a to_o be_v unfit_a for_o the_o royal_a throne_n tamcorde_n quam_fw-la corpore_fw-la as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o mind_n as_o body_n and_o that_o earl_n godwin_n many_o and_o wicked_a progeny_n do_v daily_o increase_v upon_o the_o earth_n set_v his_o mind_n upon_o his_o cousin_n william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n et_fw-la enm_fw-la sibi_fw-la succedere_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la voce_fw-la stabili_fw-la sancivit_fw-la and_o decree_v by_o a_o stable_a vote_n that_o he_o shall_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o duke_n william_n be_v then_o superior_a in_o every_o battle_n and_o a_o triumpher_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o fame_n be_v public_o blaze_v abroad_o among_o all_o the_o earl_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v next_o he_o be_v invincible_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n juder_n justissimus_fw-la in_o causarum_fw-la judicie_fw-la a_o most_o just_a judge_n in_o the_o judge_n of_o cause_n and_o most_o religious_a and_o most_o devout_a in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n hereupon_o king_n edward_n send_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n a_o latere_fw-la or_o special_a ambassador_n illumque_fw-la designatum_fw-la svi_fw-la regni_fw-la successorem_fw-la tam_fw-la debito_fw-la cognationis_fw-la quam_fw-la merito_fw-la virtutis_fw-la suae_fw-la archipraesulis_fw-la relatu_fw-la insinuavit_fw-la and_o intimate_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o relation_n of_o his_o archbishop_n that_o he_o have_v design_v he_o to_o be_v the_o successor_n of_o his_o realm_n as_o well_o by_o the_o debt_n of_o kindred_n as_o by_o the_o merit_n of_o virtue_n moreover_o harold_n the_o major_a of_o the_o king_n court_n come_v into_o normandy_n not_o only_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v conserve_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o duke_n william_n after_o the_o king_n death_n but_o likewise_o promise_v upon_o oath_n that_o he_o will_v take_v the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n william_n for_o his_o wife_n and_o upon_o these_o promise_n return_v home_o magnificent_o reward_v after_o which_o he_o subjoin_v edwardi_fw-la piissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la cujus_fw-la cognatione_fw-la et_fw-la consanguinitate_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la noster_fw-la willelmus_fw-la fundat_fw-la conscientiam_fw-la svam_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la invadendi_fw-la caeteris_fw-la regibus_fw-la de_fw-la danorum_fw-la sanguine_fw-la quasi_fw-la nullius_fw-la authoritatis_fw-la ad_fw-la allegandum_fw-la interim_n intermissis_fw-la 93._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n who_o flourish_v in_o or_o near_o that_o very_a age_n thus_o second_v he_o after_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n his_o son_n edgar_n be_v neque_fw-la promptus_fw-la manu_fw-la neque_fw-la probus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la rex_fw-la itaque_fw-la defuncto_fw-la cognate_n quia_fw-la spes_fw-la prioris_fw-la erat_fw-la soluta_fw-la suffragii_fw-la willielmo_n comiti_fw-la normanniae_fw-la successionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la dedit_fw-la erat_fw-la ille_fw-la hoc_fw-la munere_fw-la dignus_fw-la praestans_fw-la animi_fw-la juvenis_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la in_o supremum_fw-la fastigium_fw-la alacri_fw-la labere_fw-la excreverat_fw-la praetereâ—_n proxime_fw-la consanguineus_fw-la filius_fw-la roberti_n filius_fw-la richardi_fw-la secundi_fw-la quem_fw-la fratrem_fw-la fuisse_fw-la emmae_fw-la matris_fw-la edwardi_fw-la non_fw-la sâ—mel_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la diximus_fw-la ferunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la ipsum_fw-la haroldum_n a_o rege_fw-la in_o hâ—c_fw-la normanniam_fw-la missum_fw-la alii_fw-la secretioris_fw-la consilii_fw-la conscii_fw-la invitum_fw-la venti_fw-la violentia_fw-la illuc_fw-la actum_fw-la quose_fw-la tueretur_fw-la invenisse_fw-la commentum_fw-la quod_fw-la quia_fw-la propius_fw-la vero_fw-la videtur_fw-la exponam_fw-la harold_n come_v to_o his_o farm_n at_o boseam_n go_v for_o his_o recreation_n into_o a_o fisherboat_n and_o put_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n in_o sport_n be_v by_o asudden_a contrary_a storm_n arise_v drive_v with_o his_o companion_n into_o the_o village_n of_o ponthieu_n in_o france_n where_o he_o be_v strip_v and_o bind_v hand_n and_o foot_n by_o the_o rude_a country_n people_n and_o carry_v prisoner_n to_o guido_n their_o earl_n who_o detain_v he_o in_o prison_n to_o gain_v a_o ransom_n from_o he_o whereupon_o harold_n be_v of_o a_o subtle_a wit_n study_v how_o to_o relieve_v himself_o by_o large_a promise_n procure_v a_o messenger_n to_o inform_v duke_n william_n that_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n into_o normandy_n that_o what_o lesser_a messenger_n have_v but_o mutter_v touch_v his_o succession_n to_o the_o crowâ—_n of_o england_n he_o may_v perform_v by_o his_o presence_n especial_o that_o he_o be_v detain_v in_o bond_n by_o earl_n guido_n whereby_o he_o be_v hinder_v to_o deliver_v his_o message_n notwithstanding_o his_o appeal_n to_o he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a diminution_n to_o his_o honour_n and_o if_o his_o captivity_n be_v to_o be_v redeem_v with_o money_n he_o will_v willing_o give_v it_o to_o he_o and_o not_o to_o guido_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v by_o duke_n williams_n command_v release_v bring_v by_o guido_n into_o normandy_n and_o there_o noble_o feast_v by_o the_o duke_n where_o by_o his_o valour_n and_o policy_n he_o gain_v great_a reputation_n with_o duke_n william_n and_o that_o he_o may_v more_o endear_v himself_o in_o his_o favour_n he_o there_o voluntary_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n confirm_v to_o he_o the_o castle_n of_o dover_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o of_o right_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n after_o king_n edward_n decease_n whereupon_o the_o duke_n espouse_v he_o to_o his_o daughter_n adeliza_n than_o a_o child_n and_o bestow_v her_o whole_a ample_a portion_n upon_o harold_n and_o then_o honourable_o dismiss_v he_o 426._o matthew_n westminster_n anno_fw-la 1057._o relate_v this_o story_n of_o harold_n drive_v into_o ponthieu_n by_o storm_n against_o his_o will_n as_o happen_v in_o that_o year_n and_o that_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o duke_n william_n post_fw-la mortem_fw-la
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and_o spoil_v the_o city_n of_o exeter_n raze_v the_o wall_n thereof_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o burn_v the_o city_n to_o ash_n return_v with_o a_o great_a prey_n to_o his_o ship_n leave_v nothing_o behind_o they_o but_o the_o ash_n after_o which_o waste_v the_o province_n of_o wiltshire_n a_o strong_a army_n congregat_v out_o of_o hamshire_n and_o wiltshire_n go_v with_o a_o resolution_n manful_o and_o constant_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o when_o both_o army_n be_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o ready_a to_o join_v battle_n earl_n edric_n their_o general_n a_o constant_a traitor_n to_o his_o country_n and_o secret_a friend_n to_o the_o dane_n feign_v himself_o to_o be_v very_o sick_a and_o begin_v to_o vomit_v so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o possible_o fight_v whereupon_o the_o army_n see_v his_o slothfulness_n and_o fearfullness_n depart_v most_o sorrowful_a from_o their_o enemy_n without_o fight_v be_v dishearten_v by_o the_o cowardice_n of_o their_o captain_n which_o 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all_o thing_n and_o slaughter_v the_o countryman_n without_o resistance_n which_o duke_n ulfketel_v be_v inform_v of_o command_v some_o of_o his_o countryman_n to_o break_v his_o ship_n in_o piece_n in_o his_o absence_n from_o they_o which_o they_o not_o dare_v or_o neglect_v to_o do_v and_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n raise_v a_o army_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o he_o can_v bold_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n return_v with_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n where_o after_o a_o long_a and_o sharp_a encounter_n on_o both_o side_n the_o english_a be_v overpower_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v total_o rout_v and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o east-england_n there_o slay_v in_o their_o country_n defence_n who_o fight_v so_o valiant_o that_o the_o dane_n confess_v they_o have_v never_o a_o hard_a or_o sharp_a battle_n in_o eâ—gland_n than_o this_o the_o great_a loss_n the_o dane_n sustain_v in_o it_o though_o they_o get_v the_o field_n and_o a_o extraordinary_a 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milericâ—rdiâ—m_fw-la non_fw-la defuturam_fw-la constantissime_fw-la pollicâ—baâ—uâ—_n from_o these_o passage_n whether_o real_a as_o manâ—_n as_o fictition_n as_o some_o repute_v they_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v these_o real_a truth_n 1._o that_o in_o king_n eâ—hâ—lreds_n reign_n great_a parliamentary_a council_n be_v usual_o assemble_v to_o consult_v of_o the_o weighty_a affair_n state_n if_o not_o succession_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n 2._o that_o godly_a man_n in_o all_o age_n have_v be_v deep_o affect_v with_o the_o misery_n exile_n disinherit_n and_o extirpation_n of_o the_o royal_a issue_n and_o posterity_n by_o invade_v foreign_a usurper_n and_o with_o the_o oppression_n of_o their_o native_a country_n under_o their_o usu_fw-la bed_n power_n and_o have_v pour_v forth_o frequent_a and_o fervent_a prayer_n unto_o god_n in_o secret_a for_o their_o restitution_n and_o relief_n 3._o that_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o have_v a_o 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be_v not_o only_o very_o charitable_a to_o the_o poor_a humble_a merciful_a and_o just_a towards_o all_o man_n but_o also_o plures_fw-la leges_fw-la bonas_n in_o anglia_fw-it statuit_fw-la quae_fw-la pro_fw-la majore_fw-la parte_fw-la adhuc_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la tenerentur_fw-la whereupon_o about_o the_o year_n 1043._o as_o the_o chronecle_fw-mi of_o brompton_n 938._o william_n caxton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n and_o mr._n selden_n inform_v we_o earl_n godwin_n a_o sugitive_n in_o denmark_n for_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n hear_v of_o 6._o his_o piety_n and_o mercy_n resolve_v to_o return_v into_o england_n humble_o to_o implore_v his_o mercy_n and_o grace_n that_o he_o may_v 5._o have_v his_o land_n again_o that_o be_v confiscate_v have_v provide_v all_o thing_n for_o his_o voyage_n he_o put_v to_o sea_n and_o arrive_v in_o england_n and_o then_o post_v to_o london_n ubi_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la magnates_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la tum_o fuerunt_fw-la where_o the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v then_o at_o a_o parliament_n here_o he_o beseech_v &_o entreat_v his_o friend_n &_o kindred_n who_o be_v the_o great_a lord_n of_o the_o land_n after_o the_o king_n that_o they_o will_v study_v to_o procure_v to_o he_o the_o king_n grace_n and_o friendship_n who_o have_v thereupon_o take_v deliberate_a counsel_n among_o themselves_o lead_v he_o with_o they_o before_o the_o king_n to_o seek_v his_o grace_n but_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n see_v he_o he_o present_o appeal_v he_o of_o treason_n &_o of_o the_o death_n of_o alfred_n his_o brother_n and_o use_v these_o word_n unto_o he_o say_v thou_o traitor_n godwin_n i_o thou_o appeal_v for_o the_o death_n of_o 6._o alfred_n my_o brother_n who_o thou_o have_v traitorous_o slay_v to_o who_o godwin_n excuse_v himself_o answer_v my_o lord_n and_o king_n save_v your_o reverenes_n and_o grace_n peace_n &_o lordship_n i_o never_o betray_v nor_o yet_o slay_v your_o brother_n unde_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la pono_fw-la me_fw-it in_o consideratione_n curiae_fw-la vestrae_fw-la whence_o i_o put_v myself_o upon_o the_o consideration_n and_o judgement_n of_o your_o court_n concern_v this_o matter_n then_o say_v the_o king_n karissimi_fw-la domini_fw-la comites_fw-la et_fw-fr barones_n terrae_fw-la etc._n etc._n most_o dear_a lord_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o land_n who_o be_v my_o liege_n man_n now_o here_o assemble_v you_o have_v hear_v both_o my_o appeal_n and_o godwin_n answer_v volo_fw-la quod_fw-la inter_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o ista_fw-la appeslatione_fw-la rectum_fw-la judicium_fw-la decernatis_fw-la et_fw-la debitam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la faciatis_fw-la i_o will_v that_o between_o we_o in_o this_o appeal_v you_o award_v right_a judgement_n and_o do_v due_a justice_n comitibus_fw-la vero_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la ad_fw-la inuicem_fw-la tractantibus_fw-la hereupon_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n debate_v upon_o this_o business_n among_o 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by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o funeral_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o their_o son_n who_o they_o slay_v at_o last_o the_o citizen_n perceive_v they_o can_v no_o long_o resist_v they_o put_v in_o hostage_n subject_v themselves_o with_o all_o they_o to_o their_o conqueror_n and_o hereditary_a lord_n after_o which_o write_v he_o the_o duke_n on_o christmas_n day_n be_v elect_v king_n by_o all_o the_o noble_n as_o well_o of_o the_o norman_n as_o english_a and_o anoint_a with_o sacred_a oil_n and_o crown_v with_o the_o royal_a crown_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o realm_n at_o westminster_n he_o receive_v the_o 1792._o crown_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o aldred_n archbishop_n of_o york_n refuse_v to_o be_v crown_v by_o stigand_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o evil_n and_o horrible_a crime_n report_v of_o he_o and_o because_o he_o have_v unlawful_o invade_v that_o see_v during_o the_o life_n of_o robert_n for_o which_o he_o be_v suspend_v by_o the_o pope_n ne_fw-la maledictionem_fw-la videretur_fw-la endure_v pro_fw-la benedictione_n as_o most_o of_o our_o historian_n accord_v though_o the_o 962._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n and_o 90._o mat._n parker_n assert_v that_o stigand_n peremptory_o refuse_v to_o crown_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o blood_n and_o a_o invader_n of_o another_o right_n cumque_fw-la willielmus_fw-la dux_n normanniae_fw-la conquestor_fw-la angliae_fw-la tyranni_fw-la nomen_fw-la exhor_fw-la resceret_fw-la et_fw-la nomen_fw-la legitimi_fw-la principis_fw-la endure_v vellet_fw-la à _fw-la stigando_fw-la cantuariensi_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la petiâ—t_fw-la consecrari_fw-la ille_fw-la vero_fw-la ut_fw-la quidam_fw-la dicunt_fw-la cruenti_fw-la viro_fw-la et_fw-la alieni_fw-la juris_fw-la invasori_fw-la manus_fw-la imponere_fw-la formidans_fw-la nullatenus_fw-la adquievit_fw-la unde_fw-la licet_fw-la ipse_fw-la willielmus_fw-la eundem_fw-la stigandum_fw-la ut_fw-la noverat_fw-la multis_fw-la modis_fw-la blandè_fw-la honoravit_fw-la ipâ—um_fw-la tamen_fw-la nunquam_fw-la cordialiter_fw-la amavit_fw-la 1786._o thomas_n sprot_n william_n thorne_n and_o out_o of_o they_o 90._o matthew_n parker_n kent_n mr._n lambard_n 325._o mr._n cambden_n 28_o godwin_n stow_n and_o 1._o
their_o coronation_n oath_n and_o not_o arbitrary_o or_o tyrannical_o according_a to_o their_o pleasure_n 5._o that_o no_o freeman_n in_o that_o age_n can_v be_v just_o imprison_v banish_a or_o put_v to_o death_n but_o for_o some_o heinous_a 2._o misdemeanour_n and_o that_o by_o a_o legal_a trial_n and_o conviction_n 6._o that_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n then_o hold_v it_o their_o bind_a duty_n in_o time_n of_o foreign_a invasion_n to_o defend_v 8._o the_o realm_n their_o life_n liberty_n property_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n yet_o they_o hold_v themselves_o dis-obliged_n and_o be_v general_o averse_a to_o defend_v the_o person_n or_o title_n of_o any_o usurper_n of_o the_o crown_n against_o any_o foreign_a prince_n or_o other_o person_n who_o have_v a_o better_a right_n and_o title_n to_o it_o 7._o that_o our_o english_a ancestor_n in_o that_o age_n esteem_v their_o hereditary_a liberty_n good_a ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n more_o dear_a and_o precious_a to_o they_o than_o their_o very_a life_n and_o will_v rather_o die_v fight_v for_o their_o law_n and_o liberty_n like_o freeman_n than_o live_v under_o slavery_n or_o bondage_n to_o any_o sovereign_n whatsoever_o 8._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o that_o age_n can_v neither_o give_v away_o nor_o legal_o dispose_v of_o their_o crown_n 10._o kingdom_n or_o crown_n land_n to_o other_o without_o the_o privity_n and_o free_a consent_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o kingdom_n in_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o harold_n answer_n to_o william_n ambassador_n the_o recite_v passage_n of_o 340._o matthew_n paris_n upon_o that_o occasion_n and_o this_o of_o samuel_n daniel_n p._n 34._o so_o much_o be_v do_v either_o by_o king_n edward_n or_o harold_n though_o neither_o act_n if_o any_o such_o be_v be_v of_o power_n to_o prejudice_v the_o state_n or_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o right_a succession_n as_o give_v the_o duke_n a_o colour_n to_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o a_o donation_n make_v by_o testament_n which_o be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n can_v be_v of_o no_o validity_n at_o all_o for_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v hold_v not_o as_o patrimonial_a but_o in_o succession_n by_o remotion_n which_o be_v a_o succeed_a to_o another_o place_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o king_n edward_n to_o collate_v the_o same_o by_o any_o dispositive_a and_o testamentary_a will_n the_o right_a descend_v to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n only_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o successor_n be_v not_o say_v to_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o make_v he_o so_o and_o 16._o can_v be_v put_v from_o it_o by_o any_o act_n of_o his_o predecessor_n 9_o that_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n free-election_n have_v be_v usual_o most_o endeavour_v and_o seek_v after_o by_o our_o king_n especial_o life_n intruder_n as_o their_o best_a and_o sure_a title_n to_o these_o legal_a i_o shall_v only_o subjoin_v some_o political_a and_o theological_a observation_n natural_o flow_v from_o the_o premise_a history_n of_o king_n edward_n harold_n and_o william_n not_o unsuitable_a to_o nor_o unseasonable_a for_o the_o most_o serious_a thought_n and_o sad_a contemplation_n of_o the_o present_a age_n consider_v the_o revolution_n and_o posture_n of_o our_o public_a affair_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v very_o unsafe_a and_o perilous_a for_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o intrust_v the_o military_a and_o civil_a power_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o one_o potent_a ambitious_a or_o covetous_a person_n who_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o abuse_v they_o to_o the_o people_n oppression_n the_o kingdom_n perturbation_n and_o his_o sovereign_n affront_n or_o danger_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n 2._o that_o devout_a pious_a soft-natured_a prince_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v abuse_v and_o their_o people_n to_o be_v 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pro_fw-la etc._n regni_fw-la negotiis_fw-la congregati_fw-la in_o recompensationem_fw-la tamen_fw-la aliquam_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la direptae_fw-la to_o make_v some_o kind_n of_o recompense_n of_o the_o money_n he_o have_v former_o take_v from_o the_o abbey_n by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o his_o whole_a realm_n by_o his_o charter_n make_v and_o ratify_v in_o this_o council_n wherein_o he_o make_v this_o recital_n touch_v this_o money_n as_o if_o they_o have_v free_o lend_v it_o to_o he_o in_o his_o necessity_n though_o the_o historian_n relate_v he_o take_v it_o away_o by_o force_n gratias_fw-la debit_fw-la as_o 4._o vobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dignissimè_fw-la reddo_fw-la pro_fw-la pecuniâ_fw-la quâ_fw-la i_o per_fw-la vos_fw-la dudum_fw-la praetere_fw-la untem_fw-la in_o i_o â_fw-la maximâ_fw-la indigentiâ_fw-la contra_fw-la paganorum_fw-la violentiam_fw-la gratissimo_fw-la &_o liberalissimo_fw-la animo_fw-la defovistis_fw-la grant_v unto_o they_o that_o the_o bound_n of_o their_o 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former_o grant_v to_o this_o abbey_n by_o king_n earls_z or_o other_o person_n particular_o recite_v in_o this_o charter_n which_o be_v make_v &_o grant_v by_o the_o common_a consent_n send_v and_o advice_n of_o this_o whole_a parl._n council_n &_o of_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o these_o clause_n in_o the_o charter_n abundant_o attest_v cum_fw-la communi_fw-la concilio_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la concedo_fw-la consentientibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la nota._n praelatis_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la i_o be_v concedo_fw-la cum_fw-la communi_fw-la concilio_n gratuitoque_fw-la consensu_fw-la omnium_fw-la magnatum_fw-la 10._o regni_fw-la mei_fw-la concedo_fw-la complacuit_fw-la unanimiter_fw-la mihi_fw-la ac_fw-la universo_fw-it concilio_n vestra_fw-la omne_fw-la loca_fw-la mei_fw-la authoritate_fw-la regii_fw-la chirograpi_fw-la confirmare_fw-la unanimo_fw-la consensu_fw-la totius_fw-la presentis_fw-la concilii_fw-la hic_fw-la apud_fw-la kingsbury_n anno_fw-la 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regni_fw-la nagotiis_fw-la for_o which_o they_o be_v assemble_v be_v evident_a by_o this_o public_a prayer_n of_o the_o king_n then_o subscribe_v under_o this_o charter_n ego_fw-la bertulphus_n rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la palam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la praelatis_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la divinam_fw-la deprecor_fw-la majestatem_fw-la quatenus_fw-la per_fw-la intercessionem_fw-la sanctissimi_fw-la confessoris_fw-la svi_fw-la sancti_fw-la guthlaci_n omniumque_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la dimittat_fw-la mihi_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la meo_fw-la peccata_fw-la nostra_fw-la &_o sicut_fw-la per_fw-la aperta_fw-la miracula_fw-la sua_fw-la oignatus_fw-la 9_o est_fw-la misericordiam_fw-la svam_fw-la sic_fw-la super_fw-la paganos_fw-la host_n suos_fw-la dare_n nobis_fw-la dignetur_fw-la omni_fw-la certamine_fw-la victoriam_fw-la &_o post_fw-la praesentis_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la fragilem_fw-la cursum_fw-la in_o consortio_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la gloriam_fw-la 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cantâ—rbury_n who_o be_v vex_v with_o this_o disease_n open_o counsel_v divina_fw-la negotia_fw-la deberi_fw-la primitus_fw-la proponi_fw-la nota._n &_o sic_fw-la humana_fw-la negotia_fw-la christi_fw-la suffragante_fw-la gratia_fw-la finem_fw-la prosperum_fw-la posse_fw-la sortiri_fw-la assentientibus_fw-la universis_fw-la etc._n etc._n 6._o that_o dtvine_a business_n ought_v first_o of_o all_o to_o be_v propose_v and_o so_o humane_a business_n through_o the_o suffrage_n of_o christ_n grace_n may_v obtain_v a_o prosperous_a end_n all_o assent_v thereunto_o when_o lord_n siward_n then_z abbot_z of_o croyland_n be_v inquire_v for_o because_o in_o council_n and_o synod_n for_o his_o great_a eloquence_n and_o holy_a religion_n he_o have_v be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o divine_a interpreter_n for_o many_o year_n and_o the_o most_o gracious_a expositor_n and_o promotor_n of_o innumerable_a business_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o great_a old_a age_n be_v not_o 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can_v wherefore_o our_o lord_n king_n bertulf_n command_v the_o bishop_n of_o london_n who_o be_v then_o account_v the_o best_a notary_n and_o most_o eloquent_a speaker_n who_o be_v moreover_o touch_v with_o the_o same_o disease_n now_o predicate_v with_o great_a joy_n that_o he_o be_v heal_v to_o take_v the_o privilege_n of_o croyland_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v insist_v to_o honour_v his_o physicitian_n s._n guthlac_n with_o his_o hand_n write_v prout_fw-la consilium_fw-la statueret_fw-la as_o the_o council_n shall_v ordain_v which_o also_o be_v do_v therefore_o in_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n charter_n aforementioned_a the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n ceolnoth_n confess_v himself_o whole_a and_o sound_a st._n swithin_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n rejoice_v concern_v 6._o the_o lord_n miracle_n alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherburn_n and_o orkenwald_n of_o lichenfeld_n give_v thanks_o for_o the_o success_n of_o the_o church_n and_o rethunus_fw-la bishop_n of_o leicester_n profess_v himself_o a_o servant_n to_o st._n guthlac_n so_o long_o as_o he_o live_v unniversique_fw-la concilii_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o council_n with_o a_o most_o ardent_a affection_n yield_v obedience_n to_o the_o king_n benevolent_a affection_n towards_o st._n guthlac_n in_o all_o thing_n from_o all_o which_o precedent_a passage_n in_o these_o two_o council_n it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o that_o age_n consist_v only_o of_o the_o king_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a lord_n and_o peer_n without_o any_o knight_n of_o shire_n or_o burgess_n of_o which_o we_o find_v no_o mention_n in_o this_o or_o any_o other_o former_a or_o succeed_a council_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n though_o sometime_o wiseman_n of_o inferior_a quality_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n be_v particular_o summon_v to_o they_o without_o any_o popular_a election_n by_o the_o king_n special_a direction_n for_o their_o advice_n 2_o that_o all_o divine_a and_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n touch_v god_n religion_n and_o the_o church_n and_o all_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o public_a concernment_n relate_v to_o war_n or_o peace_n be_v debate_v consult_v of_o &_o settle_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n 3_o that_o the_o business_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n be_v therein_o usual_o first_o debate_v and_o settle_v before_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v precedency_n 4_o that_o all_o private_a grievance_n injury_n and_o oppression_n do_v by_o the_o king_n his_o officer_n or_o other_o private_a person_n to_o the_o church_n or_o other_o man_n be_v usual_o complain_v of_o and_o redress_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o peer_n and_o that_o either_o upon_o the_o party_n petition_n set_v forth_o his_o grievance_n or_o a_o relation_n make_v thereof_o by_o the_o king_n or_o some_o other_o prelate_n or_o nobleman_n before_o the_o whole_a council_n 5_o that_o what_o can_v not_o be_v redress_v in_o one_o great_a council_n be_v in_o the_o next_o succeed_a council_n revive_v and_o redress_v according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n 6_o that_o no_o peer_n nor_o member_n of_o the_o great_a council_n may_v absent_v himself_o in_o those_o time_n but_o upon_o just_a and_o lawful_a excuse_n which_o he_o ought_v humble_o to_o signify_v to_o the_o king_n and_o council_n by_o a_o special_a messenger_n and_o letter_n as_o abbot_n siward_n do_v here_o 7_o that_o all_o member_n of_o the_o council_n have_v free_a liberty_n of_o debate_n and_o vote_n in_o all_o business_n complain_v of_o or_o propose_v to_o they_o and_o a_o negative_a as_o well_o as_o a_o affirmative_a voice_n 8_o that_o all_o business_n than_o be_v propound_v and_o debate_v before_o all_o the_o council_n and_o resolve_v by_o they_o all_o not_o in_o private_a committee_n 9_o that_o our_o king_n in_o those_o day_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n can_v not_o lawful_o seize_v their_o subject_n money_n and_o plate_n against_o their_o will_n to_o raise_v soldier_n to_o resist_v invade_v fore_o in_o enemy_n but_o only_o borrow_v they_o by_o their_o free_a consent_n and_o hold_v themselves_o bind_v to_o restore_v or_o recompense_v the_o money_n lend_v or_o take_v by_o they_o in_o such_o exigency_n with_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n 10._o that_o our_o king_n in_o that_o age_n can_v not_o grant_v away_o their_o crown_n land_n create_v or_o enlarge_v sanctuary_n or_o exempt_v any_o abbey_n from_o tax_n and_o public_a payment_n or_o impose_v any_o public_a tax_n on_o their_o subject_n but_o by_o charter_n or_o grant_v make_v and_o ratify_v in_o and_o by_o their_o great_a council_n anno_fw-la 854._o 353._o king_n aethelulf_n give_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o 854._o his_o realm_n to_o god_n and_o his_o saint_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n exaction_n and_o tribute_n by_o this_o charter_n make_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o free_a assent_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n throughout_o the_o realm_n then_o assemble_v in_o a_o great_a council_n to_o oppose_v the_o invade_a plunder_v danes_n regnante_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la jesus_n christo_fw-la in_fw-la nostris_fw-la temporibus_fw-la bellorum_fw-la incendia_fw-la &_o direptiones_fw-la opum_fw-la nostrarum_fw-la &_o vastantium_fw-la crudelissimas_fw-la hostium_fw-la barbarorum_fw-la paganorumque_fw-la gentium_fw-la multiplices_fw-la tribulationes_fw-la asfligentium_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la internecionem_fw-la cernimus_fw-la tempota_fw-la incumbere_fw-la periculosa_fw-la quamobrem_fw-la ego_fw-la aethelulfus_fw-la rex_fw-la occidentalium_fw-la saxonum_n cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ac_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_fw-la consilium_fw-la salubre_fw-la arque_fw-la uniform_a reme_n iam_fw-la assirmavi_fw-la ut_fw-la aliquam_fw-la portionem_fw-la terrae_fw-la meae_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la sanctis_fw-la jure_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la 10._o possidendam_fw-la concedam_fw-la decimam_fw-la scilicet_fw-la partem_fw-la terrae_fw-la meae_fw-la ut_fw-la sit_fw-la tuta_fw-la muâ—eribus_fw-la et_fw-la libera_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la servitiis_fw-la
they_o easy_o condescen_v to_o gather_v a_o very_a great_a army_n together_o out_o of_o all_o part_n and_o join_v all_o together_o with_o beorred_a and_o his_o force_n march_v to_o nottingham_n unanimous_o with_o a_o a_o resolution_n to_o give_v the_o dane_n battle_n who_o shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o work_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o town_n but_o be_v unable_a to_o break_v the_o wall_n they_o conclude_v a_o peace_n at_o last_o with_o the_o dane_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v relinquish_v the_o town_n and_o march_v back_o again_o into_o northumberland_n which_o they_o do_v where_o their_o army_n continue_v the_o whole_a year_n follow_v in_o &_o about_o york_n debacchans_n &_o insaniens_fw-la occidens_fw-la &_o perdon_v perplurimos_fw-la viras_n &_o muliâ—res_n 864._o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o during_o the_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n king_n beor_v as_o he_o style_v he_o at_o the_o request_n of_o earl_n algar_n the_o young_a who_o be_v very_o gracious_a with_o he_o and_o the_o other_o king_n causâ_fw-la suae_fw-la nobilis_fw-la militiae_fw-la grant_v a_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n not_o only_o of_o all_o the_o land_n advowsons_n possession_n which_o this_o earl_n with_o 1._o other_o particular_a person_n and_o king_n have_v give_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n but_o likewise_o of_o all_o their_o former_a privilege_n confirm_v all_o their_o land_n marsh_n church_n chapel_n manor_n mansion_n cottage_n wood_n land_n meadow_n therein_o specify_v to_o god_n and_o saint_n guthlae_n for_o ever_o libera_n &_o soluta_fw-la &_o emancipata_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la onere_fw-la terreno_fw-la &_o servitio_fw-la seculari_fw-la in_o eleemofynam_n aeternam_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la possidendam_fw-la which_o charter_n have_v this_o memorable_a exordium_n express_v the_o motive_n induce_v this_o king_n to_o grant_v it_o beorredus_fw-la largiente_fw-la dei_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la rex_fw-la mercâ—orum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la provinciis_fw-la &_o populis_fw-la earum_fw-la universam_fw-la merciam_fw-la inhabitantibus_fw-la &_o fidem_fw-la catholicam_fw-la conservantibus_fw-la salutem_fw-la sempiternam_fw-la in_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la jesus_n christo_fw-la quoniam_fw-la peccatis_fw-la nostris_fw-la exigentibus_fw-la manum_fw-la domini_fw-la super_fw-la nos_fw-la extensum_fw-la quotidiè_fw-la cum_fw-la virgâ_fw-la ferreâ_fw-la cernimus_fw-la cervicibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la imminere_fw-la necessarium_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o salubre_fw-la arbitror_fw-la piis_fw-la sanctae_fw-la matris_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la precibus_fw-la eleemosynarumque_fw-la liberis_fw-la largitionibus_fw-la iratum_fw-la dominum_fw-la placatum_fw-la reddere_fw-la et_fw-la dignis_fw-la devotionibus_fw-la ejus_fw-la gratiam_fw-la in_o nostris_fw-la necessitatibus_fw-la auxiliariam_fw-la implorare_fw-la ideoque_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la petitionem_fw-la strenui_fw-la comitis_fw-la mihi_fw-la meritoque_fw-la dilectissimi_fw-la concessi_fw-la regio_fw-la chirographo_fw-la meo_fw-la theodoro_n abbati_n croyland_n tam_fw-la donum_fw-la dicti_fw-la comitis_fw-la algari_fw-la quam_fw-la dona_fw-la aliorum_fw-la fidelium_fw-la praeterit_fw-la orum_fw-la ac_fw-la praesentium_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o conclude_v thus_o istud_fw-la regium_fw-la chirographum_fw-la meum_fw-la anno_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la domini_fw-la nostri_fw-la jesus_n christi_fw-la 868._o calendis_fw-la augusti_fw-la apud_fw-la snothingham_n coram_fw-la fratribus_fw-la &_o amiciss_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la meo_fw-la in_o obsidione_fw-la paganorum_fw-la congregatis_fw-la sanctae_fw-la crucis_fw-la munimine_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la then_o follow_v the_o subscription_n and_o confirmation_n of_o ceolnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 5._o bishop_n 3._o abbot_n ethelred_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n and_o alfred_n his_o brother_n edmund_z kingof_o east-angle_n 2_o duke_n and_o twelve_o earl_n who_o all_o ratify_v this_o charter_n after_o which_o charter_n confirm_v this_o king_n beor_v render_v special_a thanks_o to_o all_o his_o army_n for_o their_o assistance_n against_o the_o dane_n especial_o to_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o inferior_a ecclesiastical_a person_n for_o their_o voluntary_a assistance_n of_o he_o in_o those_o war_n against_o these_o enemy_n norwithstand_v his_o father_n exemption_n of_o they_o by_o his_o charter_n from_o all_o military_a expedition_n and_o secular_a service_n thus_o record_v by_o 865._o ingulphus_n and_o most_o worthy_a observation_n ego_fw-la beorredus_fw-la rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la intimo_fw-la animi_fw-la affectu_fw-la totisque_fw-la praecordiis_fw-la gratias_fw-la exolvo_fw-la speciales_fw-la omni_fw-la exercitui_fw-la meo_fw-la maximè_fw-la tamen_fw-la viris_fw-la ecclesiasticis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o abbatibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la etiam_fw-la inferioribus_fw-la status_fw-la &_o dignitatis_fw-la qui_fw-la licèt_fw-la piissimae_fw-la 8._o memoriae_fw-la rex_fw-la quondam_a ethelwulfus_n pater_fw-la mens_fw-la per_fw-la sacratissimam_fw-la chartam_fw-la svam_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la expeditione_n militari_fw-la vos_fw-la liberos_fw-la reddiderit_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la saeculari_fw-la penitus_fw-la absolutosâ—_n dignissimâ_fw-la tamen_fw-la miseratione_n super_fw-la oppressiones_fw-la christianae_n plebis_fw-la ecclesiarumque_fw-la &_o monasteriorum_fw-la destructicnes_fw-la luctuosas_fw-la benignissimè_fw-la compassi_fw-la contra_fw-la nefandissimos_fw-la paganos_fw-la in_o exercitum_fw-la domini_fw-la prompti_fw-la &_o spontanei_fw-la convenistis_fw-la ut_fw-la tanquam_fw-la martyr_n christi_fw-la cultus_fw-la sanguine_fw-la vestro_fw-la augeatur_fw-la &_o barbarorum_fw-la superstitiosa_fw-la crudelitas_fw-la effugetur_fw-la from_o these_o last_o passage_n it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o in_o those_o day_n our_o saxon_a king_n make_v war_n and_o peace_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n 2_o that_o in_o case_n of_o common_a invasion_n and_o danger_n by_o foreign_a enemy_n all_o the_o force_n raise_v and_o way_n and_o mean_n to_o resist_v they_o be_v conclude_v on_o by_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o these_o great_a council_n and_o not_o by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n 3_o that_o all_o or_o most_o churchman_n and_o their_o church-land_n in_o those_o day_n be_v absolute_o free_v and_o discharge_v from_o all_o military_a expedition_n contribution_n aid_n and_o assistance_n against_o enemy_n by_o express_a charter_n but_o only_o such_o as_o themselves_o voluntary_o and_o free_o contribute_v in_o case_n of_o incumbent_n great_a danger_n and_o necessity_n without_o compulsion_n for_o which_o their_o king_n render_v they_o special_a and_o hearty_a thanks_o acknowledge_v and_o confirm_v these_o their_o immunity_n not_o violate_v they_o upon_o such_o necessity_n as_o this_o notable_a passage_n of_o ingulphus_n atte_v together_o with_o that_o of_o malmesb._n mat._n west_n an._n 867._o concern_v alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherborne_n 37._o a_o man_n of_o very_o great_a power_n and_o counsel_n in_o the_o realm_n contra_fw-la danos_n quoque_fw-la quitunc_fw-la primò_fw-la insulam_fw-la infestabam_fw-la regis_fw-la aethelulfi_n saevitiam_fw-la exacuit_fw-la ipse_fw-la ex_fw-la fisco_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la accipiens_fw-la ipse_fw-la excercitum_fw-la componens_fw-la martiis_fw-la felix_fw-la eventibus_fw-la contra_fw-la host_n bella_fw-la plurima_fw-la constant_a 3._o peregit_fw-la receive_v money_n out_o of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n not_o the_o people_n purse_n or_o conrribution_n to_o manage_v these_o war_n and_o not_o war_a on_o his_o own_o expense_n 4_o that_o the_o noble_n gentry_z and_o people_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o only_a stand_a militia_n in_o that_o age_n to_o defend_v it_o against_o foreign_a enemy_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n or_o actual_a invasion_n when_o they_o march_v out_o of_o their_o own_o county_n against_o they_o voluntary_o and_o free_o adventure_v their_o life_n for_o defence_n of_o their_o king_n country_n religion_n liberty_n property_n as_o they_o do_v at_o this_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n and_o during_o all_o the_o long-lasting_a danish_a war_n invasion_n and_o depredation_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n 5_o that_o our_o christian_a king_n nobles_z and_o great_a council_n of_o those_o day_n in_o time_n of_o great_a danger_n invasion_n and_o war_n hold_v it_o most_o seasonable_a and_o necessary_a to_o confirm_v and_o enlarge_v the_o church_n patrimony_n liberty_n and_o privilege_n thereby_o to_o stir_v up_o their_o clergyman_n more_o earnest_o to_o assist_v they_o with_o their_o prayer_n not_o to_o diminish_v invade_v or_o infringe_v they_o under_o 870._o pretext_n of_o real_a inevitable_a necessity_n and_o danger_n the_o practice_n of_o late_a and_o present_a time_n whereupon_o they_o grant_v and_o confirm_v this_o forecited_a charter_n in_o the_o very_a armiâ—_n during_o the_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n before_o all_o the_o king_n prince_n prelate_n duke_n earls_z and_o people_n there_o present_a 870._o in_o the_o year_n 870._o inguar_n and_o hubba_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o dane_n come_v into_o kesteven_n in_o lineoln-shire_n waste_v and_o slay_v all_o the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n thereupon_o earl_n algarus_fw-la osgot_v sheriff_n of_o lincoln_n and_o all_o the_o gentry_n and_o people_n in_o those_o part_n with_o the_o band_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n â—nder_o the_o command_n of_o 〈◊〉_d a_o monk_n former_o a_o soldier_n consist_v of_o 200_o stout_a man_n most_o of_o they_o fugitive_n thither_o for_o sanctuary_n unite_n all_o their_o force_n together_o in_o kesteven_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n maurice_n fight_v
k._n beor_v pass_v with_o his_o army_n into_o lindesey_n latissimas_fw-la terras_fw-la monisterio_n bardney_n total_o ruin_v by_o the_o dane_n dudum_fw-la pertinentes_fw-la fisco_fw-la svo_fw-la accepit_fw-la remotas_fw-la vero_fw-la in_o diversis_fw-la patriis_fw-la divisas_fw-la jacentes_fw-la militibus_fw-la suis_fw-la dedit_fw-la but_o mark_v the_o issue_n at_o last_o 256._o the_o dane_n return_v into_o mercia_n anno_fw-la 874._o waste_a and_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o destroy_v all_o church_n and_o monastery_n king_n beor_v when_o he_o behold_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o every_o corner_n thereof_o waste_v with_o the_o slaughter_n and_o rapine_n of_o these_o barbarian_n vel_fw-la de_fw-la victoriâ_fw-la desperans_fw-la vel_fw-la tot_fw-la laborum_fw-la labyrinthum_fw-la fastidiens_fw-la either_o despair_a of_o victory_n or_o loathe_v the_o labyrinth_n of_o so_o many_o trouble_n leave_v the_o kingdom_n and_o go_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o die_v few_o day_n after_o and_o be_v there_o bury_v in_o the_o english_a school_n and_o his_o wife_n follow_v after_o he_o die_v in_o her_o way_n to_o rome_n some_o write_v he_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o the_o dane_n hereupon_o the_o 417._o dane_n anno_fw-la 874._o substitute_v 874._o in_o his_o place_n in_o the_o realm_n of_o mercia_n one_o ceolwulfus_fw-la a_o servant_n of_o king_n beorred_n a_o eglishman_n by_o nation_n sed_fw-la barbarus_fw-la impietate_fw-la but_o a_o barbarian_a in_o impiety_n for_o he_o swear_v fealty_n and_o give_v pledge_n to_o the_o dane_n quod_fw-la tributa_fw-la imposita_fw-la eye_n fidelitèr_fw-la persolveret_fw-la that_o he_o will_v faithful_o pay_v unto_o they_o the_o tribute_n they_o impose_v and_o that_o whensoever_o they_o will_v redemand_v the_o kingdom_n commit_v to_o he_o he_o will_v resign_v it_o without_o any_o resistance_n under_o pain_n of_o lose_v his_o head_n whereupon_o he_o as_o ingulphus_n record_v go_v round_o about_o the_o land_n paucos_fw-la rusticos_fw-la relictos_fw-la excoriavit_fw-la mercatores_fw-la absorbuit_fw-la viduas_fw-la &_o orphanos_n oppressit_fw-la religiosos_fw-la omnes_fw-la tanquam_fw-la conscios_fw-la thesaurorum_fw-la innumeris_fw-la tormentis_fw-la afflixit_fw-la pluck_v off_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o few_o countryman_n that_o be_v leave_v swallow_v up_o the_o merchant_n oppress_v the_o widow_n and_o orphan_n and_o afflict_v all_o religious_a person_n as_o conscious_a 4._o of_o hide_a treasure_n with_o innumerable_a torment_n whence_o among_o very_o many_o evil_n he_o do_v impopose_v a_o ttibute_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n upon_o godric_n the_o venerable_a abbot_n of_o croyland_n and_o his_o miserable_a freer_n he_o almost_o undo_v the_o monastery_n of_o croyland_n for_o no_o man_n after_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o overmuch_a poverty_n of_o the_o place_n will_v come_v to_o conversion_n yea_o abbot_n godric_n be_v unable_a to_o sustain_v his_o profess_a monk_n disperse_v many_o of_o the_o monk_n among_o their_o parent_n and_o other_o friend_n of_o the_o monastery_n through_o all_o the_o country_n very_o few_o remain_v with_o he_o in_o the_o monastery_n and_o protract_v their_o life_n in_o great_a want_n then_o all_o the_o chalice_n of_o the_o say_a monastery_n except_o 3._o and_o all_o the_o silver_n vessel_n beside_o the_o crucible_n of_o king_n withlasius_n and_o other_o jewel_n very_o precious_a be_v change_v into_o money_n or_o sell_v for_o money_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o satisfy_v the_o unsatiable_a covetousness_n of_o ceolwulfe_n the_o viceroy_n who_o at_o last_o by_o his_o lord_n the_o dane_n most_o just_a in_o this_o after_o all_o his_o rapine_n and_o oppression_n of_o the_o people_n by_o unjust_a tax_n and_o impost_n be_v depose_v and_o strip_v naked_a of_o all_o his_o ill-gotten_a treasure_n even_o to_o his_o very_a privity_n and_o so_o end_v his_o life_n most_o miserable_o and_o the_o kingdom_n also_o of_o the_o mercian_n at_o this_o very_a time_n king_n alfred_n prevail_v against_o the_o dane_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o remain_v so_o unite_v ever_o after_o when_o it_o have_v continue_v a_o kingdom_n from_o the_o first_o year_n of_o penda_n the_o first_o king_n thereof_o to_o the_o last_o time_n of_o this_o miserable_a viceroy_n ceolwulph_n about_o 230_o year_n of_o which_o kingdom_n 4._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n thus_o conclude_v ita_fw-la principatus_fw-la merciorum_fw-la qui_fw-la per_fw-la tumidam_fw-la gentilis_fw-la viri_fw-la insaniam_fw-la subitó_n effloruit_n tunc_fw-la per_fw-la miseram_fw-la semiviri_fw-la ignaviam_fw-la omninó_n emarcuit_fw-la anno_fw-la dom._n 875._o though_o speed_v post-date_n its_o period_n in_o the_o year_n 886._o whence_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o unjust_a rapine_n tax_n oppression_n speedy_o &_o sudden_o destroy_v both_o king_n and_o kingdom_n the_o next_o year_n follow_v anno_fw-la 876._o 155._o halden_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n seize_v upon_o the_o seditious_a kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n sibi_fw-la eam_fw-la suisque_fw-la ministris_fw-la distribuit_fw-la illamque_fw-la ab_fw-la exercitu_fw-la svo_fw-la coli_fw-la fecit_fw-la avobus_fw-la annis_n total_o dispossess_v the_o seditious_a murderous_a northumberlander_n thereof_o who_o but_o a_o little_a before_o have_v expel_v both_o their_o king_n and_o archbishop_n out_o of_o their_o realm_n this_o halden_n and_o his_o soldier_n miserable_o waste_v and_o destroy_v the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o those_o part_n for_o which_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n sudden_o fâ—ll_o upon_o halden_n who_o be_v not_o only_o strike_v with_o madness_n of_o mind_n but_o with_o such_o a_o most_o loathsome_a disease_n in_o his_o body_n which_o much_o torment_v he_o that_o the_o intolerable_a stink_n thereof_o make_v he_o so_o odious_a &_o loathsome_a to_o his_o whole_a army_n that_o be_v contemn_v and_o cast_v out_o by_o they_o all_o he_o flee_v away_o from_o tine_n only_o with_o three_o ship_n and_o soon_o after_o perish_v with_o all_o his_o plunder_v sacrilegious_a follower_n the_o 4._o dane_n elect_v guthr_v king_n in_o his_o stead_n possess_v this_o seditious_a realm_n of_o northumberland_n till_o dispossess_v of_o it_o by_o king_n edmund_n an._n 944._o who_o then_o annex_v it_o to_o his_o kingdom_n our_o noble_a saxon_a king_n 832._o alfred_n the_o first_o anoint_v king_n of_o england_n as_o glorious_a for_o his_o most_o excellent_a law_n transcendent_a justice_n and_o civil_a government_n as_o for_o 877._o his_o martial_a exploit_n victory_n and_o for_o his_o incomparable_a piety_n and_o extraordinary_a bounty_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o learned_a man_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n anno_fw-la dom._n 871_o in_o the_o year_n 873_o 874_o and_o sundry_a year_n follow_v by_o common_a consent_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n command_v long_a ship_n and_o galley_n to_o be_v build_v throughout_o the_o realm_n and_o furnish_v with_o mariner_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o encounter_v the_o danish_a ship_n and_o pirate_n which_o than_o infest_a and_o waste_v the_o realm_n from_o time_n to_o time_n who_o force_n he_o often_o encounter_v as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n with_o various_a success_n at_o last_o have_v obtain_v the_o 9_o monarchy_n of_o all_o england_n and_o receive_v their_o homage_n and_o oath_n of_o fealty_n to_o he_o he_o appoint_v special_a guardian_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o sea-cost_n in_o all_o place_n whereby_o he_o very_o much_o free_v the_o land_n from_o the_o dane_n devastation_n about_o the_o year_n 887._o even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o war_n when_o law_n use_v to_o be_v silent_a he_o compile_v a_o body_n of_o ecclesiastical_a 887._o and_o canon_n law_n out_o of_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n and_o the_o law_n which_o his_o pious_a predecessor_n ina_n offa_n and_o ethelbert_n have_v religious_o make_v and_o observe_v antiquate_v some_o of_o they_o retain_v reform_v other_o of_o they_o and_o add_v some_o new_a law_n of_o his_o own_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o counsel_n of_o his_o wiseman_n &_o of_o the_o most_o prudent_a of_o his_o subject_n the_o observation_n of_o which_o law_n be_v enjoin_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o they_o 6._o all_o wherein_o certain_a fine_n and_o penalty_n be_v prescribe_v for_o most_o particular_a offence_n which_o may_v not_o be_v alter_v or_o exceed_v among_o other_o law_n as_o 347._o andrew_n horn_n and_o other_o record_v this_o king_n and_o his_o wiseman_n ordain_v that_o a_o parliament_n twice_o every_o year_n and_o often_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n shall_v be_v call_v together_o at_o london_n that_o therein_o they_o may_v make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n to_o keep_v the_o people_n of_o god_n from_o sin_n that_o they_o may_v live_v in_o peace_n and_o receive_v right_a and_o justice_n by_o certain_a custom_n and_o holy_a judgement_n and_o not_o be_v rule_v in_o a_o arbitrary_a manner_n but_o by_o stable_n know_v law_n and_o it_o be_v then_o agree_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v 6._o the_o sovereignty_n of_o all_o the_o land_n unto_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n environ_v the_o land_n as_o belong_v of_o right_a to_o the_o
omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la habebit_fw-la and_o if_o any_o fight_v or_o draw_v any_o weapon_n in_o the_o king_n house_n and_o be_v apprehend_v sit_v in_o arbitrio_fw-la regis_fw-la sit_fw-la vita_fw-la sit_fw-la mors_fw-la sicut_fw-la ei_fw-la condonate_fw-it voluerit_fw-la lex_fw-la 8._o because_o it_o may_v endanger_v the_o king_n person_n this_o king_n alfred_n make_v two_o special_a law_n for_o secure_v even_o leet_n and_o inferior_a court_n of_o justice_n from_o arm_a violence_n and_o disturbance_n by_o fight_v which_o i_o shall_v recite_v 51._o lex_fw-la 41._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la coram_fw-la aldermaâ—no_fw-la regis_fw-la pugnet_fw-la in_o publico_fw-la emendet_fw-la weram_fw-la &_o witam_n sicut_fw-la rectum_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o supra_fw-la hoc_fw-la cxx_o s._n ad_fw-la witam_n lex_fw-la 42._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la folemot_n id_fw-la est_fw-la populi_fw-la placitum_fw-la armorum_fw-la exercitione_fw-la turbabit_fw-la emendet_fw-la aldermanno_n cxx_o s._n witae_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la foris_fw-la factuâ—ae_fw-la what_o fine_n and_o punishment_n than_o do_v they_o deserve_v who_o not_o only_o fight_v before_o and_o disturb_v alderman_n and_o leet_n with_o their_o arm_n but_o even_o disturb_v fight_n and_o use_v their_o arm_n against_o our_o alderman_n themselves_o yea_o all_o the_o alderman_n peer_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n assemble_v in_o the_o high_a great_a parliamentary_a council_n and_o over-awe_n imprison_v secure_a seclude_v and_o forcible_o dissolve_v they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n as_o some_o of_o late_a time_n have_v do_v beyond_o all_o former_a precedent_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o noble_a king_n alfred_n gythro_n the_o dane_n sometime_o style_v godrin_n or_o guthurn_n 878._o 879._o anno_fw-la 878._o with_o a_o invincible_a army_n run_v over_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n wasi_v the_o country_n and_o depopulate_v all_o sacred_a place_n wheresoever_o he_o come_v quicquid_fw-la in_o auro_fw-la et_fw-la argento_fw-la rapere_fw-la potest_fw-la militibus_fw-la erogavit_fw-la and_o seize_v upon_o loca_fw-la quaeque_fw-la munita_fw-la force_v king_n alfred_n be_v so_o distress_v that_o he_o know_v not_o what_o to_o do_v nor_o whither_o to_o turn_v himself_o to_o retire_v and_o save_v himself_o in_o the_o isle_n aethelingie_n for_o a_o season_n till_o recollect_v his_o scatter_a subject_n and_o force_n together_o he_o vanquish_v githro_n and_o his_o army_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n at_o ethendune_n and_o then_o besiege_v he_o and_o his_o remain_a force_n 15_o day_n in_o a_o castle_n to_o which_o they_o flee_v compel_v they_o by_o famine_n and_o the_o sword_n to_o make_v peace_n with_o he_o upon_o this_o condition_n ut_fw-la regni_fw-la et_fw-la regis_fw-la infestationem_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la abjurarent_fw-la that_o they_o shall_v perpetual_o abjure_v the_o infest_v of_o the_o king_n and_o realm_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v turn_v christian_n which_o they_o according_o perform_v githro_n with_o 30_o of_o the_o choice_a man_n in_o his_o army_n be_v baptize_v at_o alve_n 15_o day_n after_o king_n alfred_n be_v their_o godfather_n and_o give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o aethelstane_n after_o which_o alfred_n feast_v he_o and_o his_o captain_n 12_o day_n in_o his_o court_n give_v githro_n eastengland_n to_o inhabit_v wherein_o king_n edmund_n reign_v to_o be_v hold_v of_o and_o under_o he_o whereupon_o githro_n and_o his_o danes_n an._n 879._o leave_v cirencenster_n march_v into_o the_o east_n part_n of_o england_n which_o he_o divide_v among_o his_o soldier_n who_o then_o begin_v to_o inhabit_v it_o by_o alfred_n donation_n upon_o this_o accord_n or_o some_o time_n after_o king_n alfre_n and_o gythro_n by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o their_o great_a council_n and_o wise_a man_n make_v and_o enact_v certain_a civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o their_o people_n and_o realm_n record_v in_o bromton_n lambert_n and_o spelman_n where_o those_o who_o please_v may_v peruse_v they_o the_o prologue_n and_o 2_o first_o law_n whereof_o i_o shall_v only_o recite_v as_o both_o pertinent_a to_o my_o purpose_n and_o seasonable_a 5._o for_o our_o time_n much_o oppose_v the_o magistrate_n coercive_a power_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o god_n and_o religion_n 6._o hoc_fw-la est_fw-la consiliâ—m_fw-la quod_fw-la alredus_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la godrinus_fw-la rex_fw-la eligerunt_fw-la et_fw-la condixerunt_fw-la quando_fw-la angli_fw-la et_fw-la dani_n ad_fw-la pacem_fw-la et_fw-la concordiam_fw-la plenè_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la posteà _fw-la successerunt_fw-la saepiùs_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la assidâ—è_fw-la renovantes_fw-la in_fw-la bonum_fw-la semper_fw-la adduxerunt_fw-la cap._n 1._o inprimis_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la unum_fw-la deum_fw-la diligere_fw-la velint_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la paganismo_fw-la sedulo_fw-la renunciare_fw-la et_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la secularem_fw-la justitiam_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la sciebant_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la poterant_fw-la multos_fw-la alitèr_fw-la castigare_fw-la plures_fw-la verò_fw-la nolebant_fw-la ad_fw-la dei_fw-la cultum_fw-la sicut_fw-la deberent_fw-la aliâ—è_fw-la inclinari_fw-la et_fw-la secularem_fw-la emendationem_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la communem_fw-la christo_fw-la et_fw-la regi_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la recusabitur_fw-la lex_fw-la dei_fw-la justè_fw-la seruari_fw-la secundum_fw-la dictionem_fw-la episâ—opi_n et_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la primum_fw-la edictum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la pax_fw-la intra_fw-la parietes_fw-la suos_fw-la ut_fw-la regis_fw-la handgrith_n semper_fw-la inconvulsa_fw-la permaneat_fw-la cap._n 2._o siquis_fw-la christanitatem_fw-la svam_fw-la malè_fw-la mutat_fw-la vel_fw-la paganismum_fw-la veneretur_fw-la verbis_fw-la vel_fw-la operibus_fw-la reddat_fw-la sic_fw-la weram_fw-la sic_fw-la witam_n sic_fw-la lashlyte_n secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la sit_fw-la that_o be_v let_v he_o be_v fine_v and_o ransom_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o offence_n this_o noble_a king_n alfred_n who_o fight_v no_o less_o than_o 46_o bloody_a battle_n with_o the_o dane_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n for_o his_o country_n liberty_n although_o he_o be_v involve_v in_o perpetual_a war_n and_o trouble_n with_o the_o danish_a invader_n all_o his_o day_n as_o our_o historian_n and_o this_o his_o 224._o epitaph_n demonstrate_v nobilitas_fw-la innata_fw-la tibi_fw-la probitatis_fw-la honorem_fw-la armipotens_fw-la alurede_fw-la dedit_fw-la probitasque_fw-la laborem_fw-la perpetuumque_fw-la labour_n nomen_fw-la cui_fw-la mixta_fw-la dolori_fw-la gandia_n semper_fw-la erant_fw-la spes_fw-la semper_fw-la mixta_fw-la timori_fw-la si_fw-la modò_fw-la victus_fw-la er_fw-mi at_o ad_fw-la crastina_fw-la bella_fw-la parabat_fw-la si_fw-la modò_fw-la victor_n erat_fw-la ad_fw-la crastina_fw-la bella_fw-la pavebat_fw-la cui_fw-la vestes_fw-la sudore_fw-la jugi_fw-la cui_fw-la sica_fw-la cruore_fw-la tincta_fw-la jugi_fw-la quantum_fw-la sit_fw-la onus_fw-la regnare_fw-la probarunt_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la immensi_fw-la quisquam_fw-la per_fw-la climata_fw-la mundi_fw-la cui_fw-la tot_fw-la in_o adversis_fw-la vel_fw-la respirare_fw-la liceret_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la aut_fw-la ferro_fw-la contritus_fw-la ponere_fw-la ferrum_fw-la aut_fw-la gladio_fw-la potuit_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la fivisse_fw-la labores_fw-la i_o be_o post_fw-la transactos_fw-la regni_fw-la vitaeque_fw-la labores_fw-la christus_fw-la ei_fw-la fit_a vera_fw-la quies_fw-la sceptrumque_fw-la perenne_fw-fr yet_o 43._o these_o thing_n be_v remarkable_a in_o he_o 1._o that_o he_o most_o exact_o and_o just_o govern_v his_o people_n by_o and_o according_a to_o his_o and_o his_o predecessor_n know_v law_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o war_n not_o by_o the_o harsh_a law_n of_o conquest_n and_o the_o large_a sword_n 2._o that_o he_o advance_v learn_v and_o all_o sort_n of_o learned_a man_n erect_v school_n of_o learning_n and_o the_o famous_a university_n of_o oxford_n which_o he_o found_v or_o at_o least_o refound_v when_o decay_a in_o the_o heat_n of_o all_o his_o war_n and_o trouble_n 3._o that_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o spoil_v the_o church_n and_o churchman_n or_o any_o other_o his_o subject_n of_o their_o lanâ—s_n tithe_n or_o revenue_n to_o maintain_v his_o perpetual_a war_n against_o the_o impious_a pagan_a dane_n who_o destroy_v all_o church_n and_o religious_a as_o well_o as_o other_o house_n where_o ever_o they_o come_v that_o he_o not_o only_o prepare_v adorn_v endow_v many_o old_a deoayed_a church_n and_o monastery_n but_o likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 888_o he_o build_v two_o new_a monastery_n of_o his_o own_o at_o ethelingei_n and_o shaffâ—esbury_n and_o endow_v they_o with_o ample_a riches_n and_o possession_n and_o by_o sundry_a charter_n give_v several_a land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o durham_n worcester_n and_o canterbury_z moreover_o he_o not_o only_o due_o pay_v tithe_n and_o other_o duty_n to_o the_o church_n himself_o but_o also_o by_o his_o law_n enjoin_v all_o his_o subject_n under_o sundry_a mulct_n just_o to_o pay_v tithe_n and_o churchel_n to_o their_o priest_n and_o minister_n with_o all_o other_o duite_n and_o oblation_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o minister_n and_o god_n worship_n together_o with_o peterpence_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o english_a school_n at_o rome_n prohibit_v all_o man_n to_o invade_v the_o church_n right_n and_o possession_n under_o severe_a penalty_n 4._o that_o he_o equal_o divide_v all_o his_o annual_a revenue_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n
as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o style_v it_o in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o gewisii_fw-la which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o enemy_n incursion_n have_v be_v destitute_a of_o a_o bishop_n for_o 7_o year_n space_n whereupon_o the_o king_n and_o bishop_n in_o this_o council_n take_v good_a advice_n make_v this_o wholesome_a constitution_n that_o instead_o of_o 2_o bishop_n whereof_o one_o have_v his_o sea_n at_o winchester_n the_o other_o at_o schireburn_n 5_o bishop_n shall_v be_v create_v ne_o grex_n domini_fw-la absque_fw-la cura_fw-la pastorali_fw-la luporum_fw-la incursionibus_fw-la quateretur_fw-la whereupon_o they_o in_o this_o council_n elect_v 5_o bishop_n to_o wit_n frithstan_n for_o winchester_n athelin_n for_o schireburn_n aedulfe_n for_o wells_n werstan_n for_o crideton_n and_o herstan_n for_o cornwall_n assign_v they_o their_o several_a see_v and_o diocese_n and_o 5._o two_o other_o bishop_n for_o dorchester_n and_o cirencester_n all_o consecrate_a by_o archbishop_n plegmond_n at_o canterbury_n in_o one_o day_n wil._n of_o malmesb._n and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o this_o council_n be_v summon_v upon_o the_o letter_n of_o pope_n formosus_fw-la who_o excommunicate_v king_n edward_n with_o all_o his_o subject_n 6._o for_o suffer_v the_o bishopric_n of_o winton_n and_o scireburn_n to_o be_v void_a for_o 7_o year_n space_n together_o but_o this_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n since_o pope_n formosus_fw-la be_v dead_a ten_o year_n before_o this_o council_n and_o before_o these_o bishopric_n become_v void_a and_o his_o pretend_a epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o king_n as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n well_o observe_v in_o the_o year_n 906._o 921._o king_n edward_n make_v a_o peace_n and_o firm_a agreement_n with_o the_o dane_n of_o northumberland_n and_o 921._o east-england_n at_o intingford_n when_o as_o some_o think_v he_o and_o guthurn_n the_o dane_n reconfirm_v the_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n former_o make_v and_o ratify_v by_o his_o father_n king_n alfred_n and_o guthurn_n but_o guthurn_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 890_o full_o eleven_o year_n before_o this_o edward_n be_v king_n can_v notpossible_o ratify_v these_o law_n at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o accord_n be_v 16_o year_n after_o his_o decease_n as_o the_o title_n and_o prologue_n to_o those_o law_n in_o mr._n lambard_n and_o spelman_n erroneous_o affirm_v wherefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o this_o confirmation_n of_o these_o law_n be_v rather_o make_v in_o 5._o the_o year_n 921._o when_o all_o our_o historian_n record_v that_o after_o king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 910._o have_v send_v a_o army_n into_o northumberland_n against_o the_o perfidious_a and_o rebellious_a dane_n slay_v and_o take_v many_o of_o they_o prisoner_n and_o miserable_o waste_v their_o country_n for_o 4_o day_n space_n for_o break_v their_o former_a agreement_n with_o he_o after_o his_o sister_n aegelfle_v an._n 919._o have_v force_v the_o dane_n at_o york_n to_o agree_v and_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o she_o and_o her_o brother_n pleasure_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o after_o edward_n have_v vanquish_v the_o other_o dane_n scotch_a and_o welsh_a in_o many_o battle_n thereupon_o in_o the_o yeat_a 921._o the_o king_n of_o scot_n with_o all_o his_o nation_n stredded_a king_n of_o wales_n with_o all_o his_o people_n et_fw-fr regnaldus_n or_o reginaldus_n reginald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n with_o all_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n inhabit_v northumberland_n of_o which_o reginald_n then_o be_v king_n come_v to_o king_n edward_n an._n 921._o submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o father_n and_o lord_n and_o make_v a_o firm_a covenant_n with_o he_o and_o therefore_o i_o conjecture_v that_o guthurnus_fw-la in_o the_o title_n and_o preface_n of_o these_o law_n be_v either_o mistake_v or_o else_o miswritten_a for_o reginaldus_n then_o king_n of_o these_o northern_a dane_n who_o have_v no_o king_n in_o the_o year_n 906_o that_o i_o can_v read_v of_o in_o our_o historian_n 358._o abbot_n ethelred_n give_v this_o encomium_n of_o this_o king_n transcendent_a modesty_n and_o justice_n rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la vir_fw-la mansuetus_fw-la et_fw-la pius_fw-la omnibus_fw-la be_fw-mi abilis_fw-la et_fw-la affabilis_fw-la adeò_fw-la omnium_fw-la in_o se_fw-la provocabat_fw-la affectum_fw-la ut_fw-la scotti_n cumbri_n walenses_n northumbri_n et_fw-la qui_fw-la remanserant_fw-la daci_n eum_fw-la non_fw-la tà m_fw-la in_o dominum_fw-la ac_fw-la regem_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o patrem_fw-la eum_fw-la omni_fw-la devotione_fw-la eligerent_fw-la tanta_fw-la dehinc_fw-la modestia_fw-la regebat_fw-la subditos_fw-la tanta_fw-la justitia_fw-la inter_fw-la proximum_fw-la et_fw-la proximum_fw-la judicabat_fw-la ut_fw-la contra_fw-la veritatem_fw-la non_fw-la dico_fw-la nihil_fw-la velle_fw-la sed_fw-la nec_fw-la posse_fw-la videretur_fw-la unde_fw-la fertur_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la iratus_fw-la dixisse_fw-la dico_fw-la vobis_fw-la si_fw-la possem_fw-la vicem_fw-la vobis_fw-la redidissem_fw-la quid_fw-la non_fw-la posset_n rex_fw-la in_o subditos_fw-la dominus_fw-la in_o servos_n potens_fw-la in_o infirmos_fw-la dux_n in_o milites_fw-la sed_fw-la quicquid_fw-la non_fw-la dictabat_fw-la aequitas_fw-la quicquid_fw-la veritati_fw-la repugnabat_fw-la quicquid_fw-la non_fw-la permittebat_fw-la justitia_fw-la quicquid_fw-la regiam_fw-la mansuetudinem_fw-la non_fw-la decebat_fw-la sibi_fw-la credebat_fw-la impossibile_fw-it i_o wish_v all_o our_o modern_a domineer_a grandee_n will_v imitate_v his_o presidential_a royal_a example_n yet_o i_o read_v of_o one_o injurious_a act_n do_v by_o he_o 835._o after_o the_o decease_n of_o his_o renown_a sister_n elfleda_n queen_n of_o mercia_n anno_fw-la 920._o he_o disinherited_a her_o only_a daughter_n alfwen_n or_o elwyn_n his_o own_a niece_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o all_o mercia_n who_o hold_v that_o kingdom_n after_o her_o mother_n seizing_z and_o garrison_v tamesworth_n and_o nottingham_n first_o and_o then_o disseise_v she_o of_o all_o mercia_n unite_n it_o to_o his_o own_o realm_n and_o remove_v she_o thence_o into_o west-sex_n magis_fw-la â—urans_fw-la a_o utiliâ—èr_n well_fw-mi in_o utilitèr_fw-la quan_fw-mi a_o just_a well_fw-mi injustè_fw-fr write_v henry_n humingdon_n 4._o which_o innrious_a action_n si_fw-mi violanda_fw-la sit_fw-la fides_fw-la regni_fw-la causâ_fw-la violanda_fw-la will_v not_o excuse_v the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n record_n that_o king_n edward_n as_o he_o enlarge_v the_o bound_n of_o his_o kingdom_n 837._o more_o than_o his_o father_n so_o leges_fw-la condidit_fw-la he_o likewise_o make_v law_n to_o govetn_v it_o which_o be_v there_o register_v to_o posterity_n in_o two_o parcel_n as_o make_v at_o several_a time_n but_o in_o what_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n this_o be_v it_o inform_v we_o not_o the_o first_o of_o these_o law_n declare_v his_o zeal_n to_o public_a justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n then_o in_o force_n be_v this_o edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la mandat_fw-la et_fw-la praecipit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la praefectis_fw-la et_fw-la amicis_fw-la suis_fw-la ut_fw-la justa_n judicia_fw-la judicent_fw-la quam_fw-la rectiora_fw-la possint_fw-la et_fw-la in_o judiciali_fw-la libro_fw-la stant_fw-la nec_fw-la parcant_fw-la nec_fw-la dissimulent_fw-la pro_fw-la aliqua_fw-la re_n populi_n rectum_fw-la et_fw-la jus_o publicum_fw-la recitare_fw-la et_fw-la unum_fw-la quodque_fw-la placitum_fw-la terminum_fw-la habeat_fw-la quando_fw-la peragatur_fw-la quod_fw-la tunc_fw-la recitabitur_fw-la the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o law_n intimate_v that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o his_o wtse_n man_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o exeter_n witness_v the_o content_n thereof_o edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la admonuit_fw-la omnes_fw-la sapientes_fw-la quando_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la exoniae_fw-la ut_fw-la investigarent_fw-la simul_fw-la et_fw-la quaererent_fw-la 5._o quomodo_fw-la pax_fw-la eo_fw-la rum_o melior_fw-la esse_fw-la possit_fw-la quam_fw-la anteà _fw-la fuit_fw-la quia_fw-la visume_v ei_fw-la quod_fw-la hoc_fw-la impletum_fw-la sit_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la deceret_fw-la et_fw-la quam_fw-la aute_fw-la à _fw-la praecepisset_fw-la inquisivit_fw-la it_z aque_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la emendationem_fw-la velint_fw-la redire_fw-la et_fw-la in_o societate_fw-la permanere_fw-la quâ_fw-la ipse_fw-la sit_fw-la et_fw-la amare_fw-la quod_fw-la amat_fw-la et_fw-la nolle_fw-la quod_fw-la nolit_fw-la in_o mari_n &_o in_o terrâ_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la tunc_fw-la ne_fw-la quisquam_fw-la rectum_fw-la difforceat_fw-la alicui_fw-la siquis_fw-la hoc_fw-la faciat_fw-la emendet_fw-la sicut_fw-la supra_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o his_o first_o law_n then_o either_o make_v or_o rehearse_v prima_fw-la vice_n 30_o s._n secundâ_fw-la similitèr_fw-la ad_fw-la tertiam_fw-la vicem_fw-la 120_o s._n regi_fw-la the_o last_o chapter_n be_v the_o viii_o in_o bromtons_n translation_n but_o the_o xi_o in_o the_o saxon_a copy_n be_v this_o volo_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la praepositus_fw-la habeat_fw-la gemotum_fw-la a_o hundred_o court_n semper_fw-la ad_fw-la quatuor_fw-la hebdomadas_fw-la et_fw-la efficiat_a ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la rectum_fw-la habeat_fw-la et_fw-la omne_fw-la placitum_fw-la capiat_fw-la terminum_fw-la quando_fw-la perveniat_fw-la ad_fw-la finem_fw-la siquis_fw-la hoc_fw-la excipiat_fw-la emendet_fw-la sicut_fw-la antè_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la king_n edward_z decease_a life_n aethelstan_n his_o elder_a 924._o son_n design_v by_o his_o father_n will_n to_o succeed_v he_o be_v
read_v at_o large_a in_o bromton_n and_o as_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o this_o prologue_n to_o those_o law_n assure_v we_o 850._o haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la judicia_fw-la quae_fw-la sapientes_fw-la exoniae_fw-la consilio_fw-la adelstani_fw-la regis_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la &_o iterum_fw-la apud_fw-la feuresham_n et_fw-la tertia_fw-la vice_fw-la apud_fw-la thundresfeldiam_fw-la ubi_fw-la hoc_fw-la definitum_fw-la simul_fw-la et_fw-la confitmatum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la imprimis_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la observentur_fw-la omne_fw-la judicia_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n 6._o imposita_fw-la fuerint_fw-la praeter_fw-la mercatum_fw-la civitatis_fw-la et_fw-la diei_fw-la dominicae_fw-la the_o cause_n of_o make_v these_o new_a law_n and_o confirm_v the_o old_a be_v a_o complaint_n to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o council_n at_o exeter_n that_o the_o peace_n and_o law_n make_v at_o grateley_n be_v not_o so_o well_o keep_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v and_o that_o theives_n and_o malefactor_n abound_v as_o this_o prologue_n manifest_v 850._o ego_fw-la adelstanus_n rex_fw-la notifico_fw-la vobis_fw-la sicut_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la michi_n quod_fw-la pax_fw-la nostra_fw-la pejus_fw-la observata_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la michi_n placet_fw-la vel_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n fuerit_fw-la institutum_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la michi_n dicunt_fw-la quod_fw-la hocdiutius_fw-la 6._o pertuli_fw-la quam_fw-la debueram_fw-la nunc_fw-la inveni_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la qui_fw-la apud_fw-la exoniam_fw-la fuerint_fw-la mecum_fw-la in_o sancto_fw-la natali_n domini_fw-la quod_fw-la parati_fw-la sunt_fw-la omninò_fw-la quando_fw-la velim_fw-la cum_fw-la seipsis_fw-la &_o uxoribus_fw-la &_o pecunia_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la re_fw-la suâ_fw-la ire_n quo_fw-la tunc_fw-la voluero_fw-la nisi_fw-la malefactores_fw-la requiescant_fw-la eo_fw-la tenore_fw-la quo_fw-la nunquam_fw-la deinceps_fw-la in_o patriam_fw-la istam_fw-la redeant_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o council_n of_o feuresham_n in_o kent_n the_o king_n by_o some_o of_o his_o wise-counsellor_n send_v thither_o to_o it_o propound_v some_o thing_n for_o the_o weal_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n together_o with_o his_o pardon_n for_o forepast_a offence_n which_o they_o upon_o debate_n assent_v to_o and_o draw_v up_o into_o sundry_a head_n return_v to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o royal_a assent_n with_o this_o memorable_a gratulatory_a prologue_n which_o most_o true_o represent_v unto_o we_o the_o proceed_n in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o that_o age_n i_o think_v meet_v entire_o to_o transcribe_v 851._o karissime_fw-la episcopi_fw-la tui_fw-la de_fw-fr kent_n &_o omnis_fw-la kentescire_fw-la thayni_n comites_fw-la &_o villani_n tibi_fw-la domino_fw-la dilectissimo_fw-la svo_fw-la gratias_fw-la agunt_fw-la quod_fw-la nobis_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la nostra_fw-la praecipere_fw-la voluisti_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr commodo_fw-la nostro_fw-la perquirere_fw-la &_o consulere_fw-la quia_fw-la magnum_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la inde_fw-la nobis_fw-la divitibus_fw-la &_o egenis_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la incepimus_fw-la quanta_fw-la diligentia_fw-la potuimus_fw-la consilio_fw-la horum_fw-la sapientum_fw-la quos_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la misisti_fw-la unde_fw-la karissime_fw-la domine_fw-la primum_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr nostra_fw-la decima_fw-la ad_fw-la quam_fw-la valdè_fw-la cupidi_fw-la sumus_fw-la &_o voluntarii_fw-la &_o tibi_fw-la supplices_fw-la graâ—ias_fw-la agimus_fw-la admonitionis_fw-la tuus_fw-la secundum_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr pace_n nostrá_fw-fr quam_fw-la omnis_fw-la populus_fw-la teneri_fw-la desiderat_fw-la sicut_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n sapientes_fw-la tui_fw-la posuerunt_fw-la et_fw-la sicut_fw-la etiam_fw-la nunc_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o concilio_n apud_fw-la fefresham_n tertium_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la gratiant_a omnes_fw-la misericorditur_fw-la hermerum_fw-la dominum_fw-la suum_fw-la de_fw-la dono_fw-la quod_fw-la forisfactis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la concessiâ—ti_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la pardonatur_fw-la omnibus_fw-la forisfactura_fw-la de_fw-la quocunque_fw-la furto_fw-la quod_fw-la antè_fw-la concilium_fw-la de_fw-la fefresham_n factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la eo_fw-la tenore_fw-la quo_fw-la semper_fw-la deinceps_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la malo_fw-la quiescant_fw-la et_fw-la omne_fw-la latrocinium_fw-la confiteantur_fw-la et_fw-la emendent_fw-la hinc_fw-la ad_fw-la augustum_fw-la quartum_fw-la ne_fw-la aliquis_fw-la recipiat_fw-la hominem_fw-la alterius_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la ipsius_fw-la cui_fw-la prius_fw-la folgavit_fw-la nec_fw-la intra_fw-la marcam_fw-la nec_fw-la extra_fw-la et_fw-la etiam_fw-la ne_fw-la dominus_fw-la libero_fw-la homini_fw-la hlasocnam_fw-la interdicat_fw-la si_fw-la rectè_fw-la custodierit_fw-la eum_fw-la quintum_fw-la qui_fw-la ex_fw-la hoc_fw-la discedat_fw-la sit_fw-la dignus_fw-la eorum_fw-la quae_fw-la iin_n scripto_fw-la pacis_fw-la habentur_fw-la quod_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n institutum_fw-la est_fw-la sextum_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la homo_fw-la fit_a adeo_fw-la dive_v vel_fw-la tantae_fw-la parentelae_fw-la quod_fw-la castigari_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la vel_fw-la illud_fw-la cessare_fw-la nolit_fw-la ut_fw-la efficias_fw-la qualiter_fw-la abstrahatur_fw-la in_o aliam_fw-la partem_fw-la regni_fw-la tui_fw-la sicut_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o occiduis_fw-la partibus_fw-la sit_fw-la alterutrum_fw-la quod_fw-la sit_fw-la sit_fw-la comitum_fw-la sit_fw-la villanorum_fw-la septimum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la teneat_fw-la homines_fw-la suos_fw-la in_o fide_fw-la jussione_n suâ_fw-la contrà _fw-la omne_fw-la furtum_fw-la si_fw-mi tunc_fw-la sit_fw-la aliquis_fw-la qui_fw-la tot_fw-la homines_fw-la habeaâ—_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la sufficiat_fw-la omnes_fw-la custodire_fw-la praepositum_fw-la talem_fw-la praeponat_fw-la sibi_fw-la singulis_fw-la villis_fw-la qui_fw-la credibilis_fw-la ei_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la concredat_fw-la hominibus_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la praepositis_fw-la alicui_fw-la eorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la concredere_fw-la non_fw-la audeat_fw-la inveniat_fw-la xii_o plegios_fw-la cognationis_fw-la suae_fw-la qui_fw-la ei_fw-la stint_v in_fw-la fide_fw-la jussione_n et_fw-la si_fw-la dominus_fw-la vel_fw-la praepositus_fw-la vel_fw-la aliquis_fw-la hoc_fw-la infringat_fw-la vel_fw-la abhinc_fw-la exeat_fw-la sit_fw-la dignus_fw-la eorum_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n dicta_fw-la sunt_fw-la nisi_fw-la regi_fw-la magis_fw-la place_n at_o alia_fw-la justitia_fw-la octavum_fw-la quod_fw-la omnibus_fw-la placâ—it_fw-la de_fw-la scutorum_fw-la opere_fw-la sicut_fw-la dixisti_fw-la precamur_fw-la domine_fw-la misericordiam_fw-la tuam_fw-la sit_v in_o hoc_fw-la sit_v in_o alterutrum_fw-la velnimis_fw-la velminus_fw-la ut_fw-la hoc_fw-la emendare_fw-la jubeas_fw-la juxta_fw-la velletuum_fw-la et_fw-la nos_fw-la devotè_fw-la parati_fw-la sumus_fw-la ad_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la nobis_fw-la praecipere_fw-la velis_fw-la quae_fw-la unquam_fw-la aliquatenus_fw-la implere_fw-la valeamus_fw-la after_o this_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o london_n &_o not_o long_o after_o that_o another_o at_o thithamberig_n wherein_o many_o consultation_n be_v have_v &_o proposition_n make_v for_o suppression_n &_o punishment_n of_o thief_n and_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n which_o the_o justice_n commissioner_n and_o other_o appoint_v to_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o to_o take_v surety_n of_o all_o man_n to_o the_o keep_n thereof_o conclude_v upon_o at_o london_n and_o after_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n council_n to_o enlarge_v or_o alter_v as_o he_o shall_v see_v cause_n who_o thereupon_o make_v some_o alteration_n and_o mitigation_n at_o thithamberig_n of_o what_o the_o king_n think_v over-severe_a in_o put_v to_o death_n those_o who_o be_v above_o 12_o year_n of_o age_n for_o 12d_o value_n as_o these_o passage_n attest_v declare_v the_o proceed_n of_o that_o parliamentary_a council_n h_z hoc_fw-la consultum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la episcopi_fw-la et_fw-la praepositi_fw-la qui_fw-la 856._o londoniensi_fw-la curiae_fw-la pertinent_a edixerunt_fw-la &_o jurejurando_fw-la confirmavernnt_n in_fw-la svo_fw-la fridgildo_n comites_fw-la &_o villani_fw-la in_o adjectione_n judiciorum_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n &_o exoniam_fw-la instituta_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o iterum_fw-la apud_fw-la thundresfeldam_n cap._n 1._o et_fw-la est_fw-la imprimis_fw-la haec_fw-la non_fw-la parcatur_fw-la alicui_fw-la latroni_fw-la supra_fw-la 12_o annos_fw-la et_fw-la supra_fw-la 12_o d._n de_fw-fr quo_fw-la verè_fw-la fuerit_fw-la inquisitum_fw-la quod_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la quin_fw-la occidatnr_fw-la &_o capiatur_fw-la omne_fw-la quod_fw-la habet_fw-la etc._n etc._n cap_n 14._o nec_fw-la tacendum_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la praerereundum_fw-la si_fw-la dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la vel_fw-la praepositorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la aliquis_fw-la ullum_fw-la augmentum_fw-la excogitare_fw-la possit_fw-la ad_fw-la nostrum_fw-la fridgildum_fw-la ut_fw-la hoc_fw-la gratanter_fw-la excipiamus_fw-la sicut_fw-la nobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la convenit_fw-la &_o nostrum_fw-la necesse_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o in_o deo_fw-la confidimus_fw-la et_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la domino_fw-la cap._n 15._o si_fw-mi totum_fw-la hoc_fw-la ita_fw-la complere_fw-la volumus_fw-la res_fw-la totius_fw-la populi_fw-la meliorabitur_fw-la contra_fw-la fures_fw-la quam_fw-la antea_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o si_fw-la remissius_fw-la egerimus_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o vadiis_fw-la quae_fw-la simul_fw-la dedimus_fw-la &_o quam_fw-la rex_fw-la nobis_fw-la praecipit_fw-la timere_fw-la possumus_fw-la vel_fw-la magis_fw-la scire_fw-la quod_fw-la fures_fw-la isti_fw-la regnabunt_fw-la plus_fw-la quam_fw-la antè_fw-la fec_fw-la erunt_fw-la si_fw-la fidem_fw-la teneamus_fw-la et_fw-la pacem_fw-la sicut_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la placeat_fw-la quia_fw-la magnum_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la insistamus_fw-la et_fw-la peragamn_v quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la velit_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la amplius_fw-la praecipiat_fw-la cum_fw-la omni_fw-la jocunditate_fw-la et_fw-la de_fw-la votione_fw-la parati_fw-la sumus_fw-la cap._n 17._o item_n quod_fw-la sapientes_fw-la omnes_fw-la dederunt_fw-la vadium_fw-la suum_fw-la insimul_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la apud_fw-la thundresfeldam_n quando_fw-la ealpheagus_fw-la scyb_n et_fw-fr
he_o will_v from_o thenceforth_o be_v a_o more_o bitter_a enemy_n towards_o st._n cuthbert_n and_o they_o all_o than_o ever_o he_o be_v before_o whereupon_o the_o bishop_n with_o all_o his_o monk_n fall_v prostrare_fw-la on_o the_o earth_n earnest_o pray_v to_o god_n and_o his_o holy_a confessor_n to_o annul_v those_o proud_a tyrant_n threat_n who_o be_v then_o come_v into_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v pray_v have_v one_o foot_n within_o the_o door_n and_o the_o other_o without_o in_o which_o posture_n he_o stand_v there_o immovable_o fix_v as_o if_o both_o his_o foot_n have_v be_v nail_v be_v able_a neither_o to_o go_v out_o nor_o come_v in_o but_o stand_v immovable_a till_o be_v long_o thus_o torture_v he_o there_o give_v up_o his_o miserable_a soul_n in_o the_o place_n with_o which_o example_n all_o other_o be_v terrify_v will_v no_o further_o presume_v by_o any_o mean_n to_o invade_v the_o land_n nor_o any_o thing_n else_o belong_v of_o right_a to_o the_o church_n edm_n anno_fw-la 941._o the_o rebellious_a o_fw-fr northumberlanders_n 941._o prefer_v disloyalty_n before_o the_o fealty_n which_o they_o owe_v unto_o magnificent_a edmund_n king_n of_o england_n elect_a anlaff_n king_n of_o the_o norwegian_n for_o their_o king_n son_n to_o the_o former_a anlaff_n who_o perish_v sudden_o for_o his_o sacrilege_n as_o aforesaid_a he_o and_o reginald_n the_o son_n of_o garthfrith_n after_o their_o baptism_n break_v their_o faith_n and_o agreement_n with_o king_n edmund_n by_o invade_v his_o dominion_n edmund_z thereupon_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n expel_v they_o both_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n of_o northumberland_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o wrest_v lincoln_n nottingham_n derby_n leicester_n and_o stamford_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o usurp_a insolent_a oppress_a dane_n with_o all_o mercia_n subdue_a and_o reduce_v the_o monarchy_n of_o all_o england_n unto_o himself_o extirpate_v all_o the_o pagan_a dane_n with_o their_o infidelity_n restore_v christianity_n to_o its_o lustre_n and_o the_o english_a to_o their_o possession_n and_o liberty_n the_o year_n follow_v he_o waste_v and_o subdue_v all_o cumberland_n and_o pillage_v the_o people_n of_o all_o their_o good_n and_o because_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n be_v perfidam_fw-la &_o legibus_fw-la insolitam_fw-la perfidious_a and_o unaccustomed_a to_o law_n so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o total_o subdue_v and_o civilize_v they_o have_v harrow_v it_o with_o his_o army_n and_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o two_o son_n of_o dummail_n king_n thereof_o he_o give_v 7._o the_o country_n to_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v assist_v he_o and_o defend_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o invade_a enemy_n this_o king_n edmund_n after_o the_o conquest_n and_o expulsion_n 944._o of_o his_o enemy_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o dunston_n and_o his_o chancellor_n turketulus_n 878._o make_v good_a law_n and_o ordinance_n ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a for_o the_o government_n of_o his_o realm_n for_o which_o purpose_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 944_o he_o assemble_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o the_o clergy_n &_o laity_n at_o london_n to_o consult_v and_o advise_v with_o they_o in_o the_o make_n of_o his_o law_n which_o the_o proem_n to_o they_o thus_o express_v edmundus_n rex_fw-la ipso_fw-la solenni_fw-la pascatis_fw-la festo_fw-la frequentem_fw-la londini_fw-la tam_fw-la ecclesiasticorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la caetum_fw-la celebravit_fw-la as_o one_o version_n out_o of_o the_o saxon_a or_o congregavit_fw-la magnam_fw-la synodum_fw-la dei_fw-la ordinis_fw-la et_fw-la saeculi_fw-la as_o another_o translation_n render_v it_o cui_fw-la interfuit_fw-la odo_n et_fw-la wulstanus_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la et_fw-la alii_fw-la plures_fw-la episcopi_fw-la ut_fw-la animorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la et_fw-la corum_fw-la omnium_fw-la qui_fw-la eye_n curae_fw-la sunt_fw-la consuleretur_fw-la 5._o saluti_fw-la and_o this_o proem_n of_o king_n edmund_n himself_z thus_o second_v supra_fw-la ego_fw-la edmundus_n rex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o ditione_n ac_fw-la potestate_fw-la meâ_fw-la sunt_fw-la senibus_fw-la &_o juvenibus_fw-la clare_v significo_fw-la i_fw-mi à _fw-la scientissimis_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la in_o celebri_fw-la ecclesiasticorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la frequentiâ_fw-la studiose_fw-la requisiviâ—â—e_fw-la quo_fw-la tandem_fw-la pacto_fw-la christiana_n proveheretur_fw-la fides_fw-la etc._n etc._n or_o mando_n &_o praecipio_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o juniorum_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o region_fw-la mea_fw-la sunt_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la investigans_fw-la investigavi_fw-la cum_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la clericis_fw-la &_o laicis_fw-la in_o this_o council_n there_o be_v three_o parcel_n of_o law_n make_v the_o one_o mere_o ecclesiastical_a the_o other_o mere_o civil_a the_o three_o mix_v of_o boâ—h_n and_o in_o this_o council_n i_o conceive_v the_o constitution_n of_o archbishop_n odo_n be_v read_v and_o ratify_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o make_v be_v against_o murder_n bloodshed_n fight_v breach_n of_o peace_n theft_n and_o perjury_n in_o the_o last_o parcel_n of_o these_o law_n cap._n 5._o the_o king_n give_v god_n and_o they_o thanks_o for_o assist_v he_o in_o make_v these_o law_n in_o these_o word_n maximas_fw-la autem_fw-la &_o deo_fw-la &_o vobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ago_o gratias_fw-la qui_fw-la i_o auxilio_fw-la vestro_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la pacis_fw-la quam_fw-la nunc_fw-la ad_fw-la profligandos_fw-mi 5._o sure_n sancivimus_fw-la le_fw-fr ge_fw-mi adjuvistis_fw-la ac_fw-la vehementèr_fw-la confido_fw-la eo_fw-la vos_fw-la propensius_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la opitulaturoâ—_n quo_fw-la huius_fw-la decreti_fw-la observatio_fw-la magis_fw-la videbitur_fw-la necessaria_fw-la about_o the_o same_o year_n 944._o 859._o this_o king_n assemble_v another_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o wiseman_n at_o culinton_n where_o they_o enact_v 7_o other_o law_n principal_o against_o thief_n together_o with_o a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n edmund_n thus_o prefaced_a haec_fw-la est_fw-la 7._o institutio_fw-la quam_fw-la edmunds_n rex_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la svi_fw-la cum_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la suis_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la apud_fw-la culintoniam_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o juramento_fw-la faciendo_fw-la the_o two_o first_o of_o these_o law_n i_o shall_v transcribe_v as_o pertinent_a to_o my_o theme_n cap._n 1._o imprimis_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la jurent_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la domini_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la sanctum_fw-la illud_fw-la sanctum_fw-la est_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la edmundo_n regi_fw-la sicut_fw-la homo_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la fidelis_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la sine_fw-la omni_fw-la controversiâ_fw-la &_o seditione_n in_o manifesto_fw-la in_fw-la occulto_fw-la in_fw-la amando_fw-la quod_fw-la amabit_fw-la nolendo_fw-la 7._o quod_fw-la nol_fw-la vit_fw-la et_fw-la antequam_fw-la juramentum_fw-la hoc_fw-la dabitur_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la concelet_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o fratre_fw-la vel_fw-la proximo_fw-la svo_fw-la plus_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o extraneo_fw-la cap._n 2._o vult_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la ubi_fw-la fur_n pro_fw-la certo_fw-la cognoscetur_fw-la twelfhindi_n et_fw-fr twifhindi_n that_o be_v meu_fw-la of_o 600_o or_o 200_o s._n land_n by_o the_o year_n consocientur_fw-la et_fw-la exuperent_fw-la eum_fw-la vivum_fw-la vel_fw-la mortuum_fw-la alterutrum_fw-la quod_fw-la potâ—runt_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquem_fw-la eorum_fw-la infaidiabit_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o eâ_fw-la quaestione_fw-la fuerint_fw-la sit_fw-la inimicus_fw-la regis_fw-la et_fw-la omnium_fw-la amicorum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la adire_fw-la negaverit_fw-la et_fw-la coadjuvare_fw-la nolit_fw-la emendat_fw-la regi_fw-la cxx_o s._n vel_fw-la secundum_fw-la hoc_fw-la pernegat_fw-la quod_fw-la nescivit_fw-la et_fw-la hundredo_fw-la thirty_o s._n from_o whence_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o all_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o law_n against_o thief_n and_o other_o malefactor_n be_v then_o make_v and_o enact_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o all_o fine_n for_o offence_n impose_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n only_o by_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o last_o parcel_n of_o king_n edmund_n law_n in_o bromton_n it_o seem_v the_o manner_n of_o contract_a marriage_n be_v then_o prescribe_v and_o settle_v by_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n this_o king_n 25._o edmund_n as_o he_o give_v and_o restore_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o christ-church_n and_o st._n augustine_n in_o canterbury_n several_a land_n unjust_o take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o his_o predecessor_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_o expedition_n and_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n and_o ratify_v the_o law_n and_o privilege_n of_o st._n cutberts_n church_n at_o durham_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n so_o likewise_o 27._o anno_fw-la 944._o he_o grant_v by_o his_o charter_n write_v in_o golden_a character_n sundry_a large_a liberty_n together_o with_o â—he_n manor_n of_o glastonbury_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o glustonbury_n consilio_fw-la et_fw-la consâ—nâ—u_fw-la open_v imatâ—m_fw-la meorum_fw-la then_o assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o london_n ratify_v the_o privilege_n grâ—nted_v to_o the_o monastery_n by_o king_n edmund_n his_o father_n eâ—frid_n ce
sublunary_a thing_n the_o self_n same_o year_n anno_fw-la 970._o b_o king_n edgar_n by_o his_o charter_n grant_v and_o confirm_v sundry_a land_n and_o 883._o privilege_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o medeshamsted_n former_o demolish_v by_o the_o dane_n which_o bishop_n aethelwold_n have_v repair_v and_o name_v burgh_n perpetual_o exempt_n it_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n yoke_n and_o exaction_n quatenus_fw-la nec_fw-la rex_fw-la nec_fw-la comes_fw-la nec_fw-la episcopus_fw-la praeter_fw-la christianitatem_fw-la attinentium_fw-la parochiarum_fw-la nec_fw-la vicecomes_n nec_fw-la ulla_fw-la alia_fw-la major_a minorve_fw-la persona_fw-la ulla_fw-la dominatione_fw-la occupari_fw-la praesum_fw-la at_o excepta_fw-la moderata_fw-la expeditione_n &_o pontis_fw-la arcisve_fw-la constructione_n which_o charter_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o king_n own_o subscription_n both_o the_o archbishop_n sundry_a bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o other_o chief_a officer_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n after_o each_o of_o their_o name_n in_o the_o year_n 973._o 426_o king_n edgar_z after_o his_o seven_o 973._o year_n penance_n expire_v on_o the_o feast_n of_o pentecost_n in_o the_o 12_o 30_o year_n of_o his_o age_n be_v solemn_o crown_v and_o consecrate_a king_n and_o wear_v his_o crown_n with_o great_a glory_n at_o akemancester_n alias_o bath_n both_o the_o archbishop_n dunstan_n and_o oswald_n with_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n ac_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la universis_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v there_o present_a at_o his_o coronation_n and_o receive_v the_o accustom_a gift_n usual_o give_v to_o the_o noble_n be_v at_o such_o inauguration_n soon_o after_o the_o same_o year_n this_o king_n with_o a_o very_a great_a fleet_n and_o army_n sail_v round_o about_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n come_v to_o westchester_n where_o his_o eight_o tributary_n king_n or_o viceroy_n namely_o kyne_v king_n of_o scot_n malcome_n king_n of_o cumberland_n marcus_n king_n of_o man_n and_o many_o other_o land_n and_o the_o other_o 5_o king_n of_o wales_n dufnall_n siferth_n howel_n james_n and_o juchill_n meet_v he_o as_o he_o have_v command_v they_o and_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o in_o these_o word_n that_o they_o will_v be_v faithful_a and_o assist_v to_o he_o both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n which_o do_v he_o on_o a_o certain_a day_n enter_v with_o they_o into_o a_o barge_n and_o place_v they_o at_o the_o oar_n himself_o take_v the_o helm_n and_o steer_v the_o barge_n very_o skilful_o while_o they_o row_v it_o down_o the_o river_n of_o dec_n from_o his_o palace_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n john_n bapist_n on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o his_o duke_n and_o noble_n follow_v and_o accompany_v he_o in_o other_o barge_n where_o have_v make_v his_o prayer_n they_o all_o row_v he_o thence_o back_o again_o in_o like_a pomp_n to_o his_o royal_a palace_n which_o when_o he_o have_v enter_v he_o say_v to_o his_o noble_n that_o any_o of_o 974._o his_o successor_n may_v then_o say_v he_o be_v king_n of_o england_n when_o with_o so_o many_o king_n follow_v and_o subject_a to_o he_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o like_a pomp_n and_o power_n but_o mr._n fox_n subjoin_v in_o my_o mind_n this_o king_n have_v say_v much_o better_o god_n forbid_v that_o i_o shall_v glory_v in_o any_o thing_n but_o in_o the_o cross_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n 884._o the_o year_n follow_v an._n 974._o certain_a merchant_n come_v from_o york_n arrive_v in_o the_o islle_v of_o thanet_n in_o kent_n where_o they_o be_v present_o take_v by_o the_o islander_n and_o spoil_v of_o all_o their_o good_n which_o king_n edgar_n be_v inform_v of_o be_v so_o far_o incense_v against_o these_o plunderer_n that_o he_o spoil_v they_o of_o all_o their_o good_n and_o deprive_v some_o of_o they_o of_o their_o life_n 4._o which_o huntingdon_n and_o bromton_n thus_o record_v rex_fw-la edgarus_n undecimo_fw-la anno_fw-la regri_fw-la svi_fw-la jussit_fw-la praedari_fw-la insulam_fw-la tenet_n quia_fw-la jure_fw-la regalia_z spreverant_fw-la non_fw-la ut_fw-la hostess_fw-la insaniens_fw-la sed_fw-la ut_fw-la rex_fw-la maâ—o_fw-la mala_fw-la puniens_fw-la the_o same_o year_n as_o 28._o malmesbuâ—y_n etc._n ingulphus_n and_o 489._o other_o write_v king_n edgar_z by_o his_o regal_a charter_n cause_v the_o secular_a priest_n to_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o monastery_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o introduce_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n restore_v to_o they_o the_o land_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o monastery_n which_o the_o secular_a priest_n former_o enjoy_v and_o have_v leaâ—ed_v 〈◊〉_d &_o that_o upon_o a_o full_a hear_n before_o the_o wiseman_n bishop_n &_o other_o in_o his_o presence_n most_o 6_o likely_a in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o this_o clause_n in_o his_o charter_n intimate_v haec_fw-la a_o praedictis_fw-la accommodata_fw-la clericis_fw-la a_o comensioso_n possessa_fw-la est_fw-la edehnotâ—_n sed_fw-la superstitiosa_fw-la subtle_a que_fw-fr ejus_fw-la disceptâ—tione_fw-la a_o sapientibn_n meis_fw-la audita_fw-la et_fw-la conflictatione_fw-la illius_fw-la mendosa_fw-la ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la i_o praesente_fw-la convicta_fw-la monasteriali_fw-la a_o i_o reaâ—_n ta_fw-fr est_fw-fr usui_fw-la if_o the_o council_n of_o winchester_n hereafter_o cite_v anno_fw-la 975._o be_v hold_v in_o king_n edgar_n life_n time_n as_o 491._o some_o affirm_v most_o probable_o this_o debate_n here_o mention_v touch_v these_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o and_o before_o that_o council_n and_o this_o charter_n therein_o make_v and_o ratify_v with_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o duke_n thereto_o annex_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n although_o king_n other_o edgar_n in_o his_o young_a day_n be_v subject_a to_o many_o vice_n and_o commit_v some_o injurious_a tyrannical_a act_n record_v by_o malmesbury_n fox_n speed_n and_o other_o yet_o repent_v of_o these_o his_o youthful_a lustful_a vice_n he_o prove_v such_o a_o just_a and_o prudent_a king_n that_o other_o our_o historian_n of_o elder_n and_o late_a age_n give_v these_o large_a encomium_n of_o his_o justice_n prudence_n piety_n virtue_n and_o politic_a government_n wor_n hy_o perpetual_a memory_n and_o imitation_n so_o excellent_a be_v he_o in_o justice_n so_o sharp_a be_v he_o in_o correction_n of_o vice_n as_o well_o in_o his_o magistrate_n officer_n and_o other_o subject_n that_o never_o before_o his_o day_n be_v less_o felony_n by_o robber_n nor_o less_o extortion_n or_o bribery_n by_o false_a officer_n such_o as_o be_v wicked_a he_o keep_v under_o they_o that_o be_v rebel_n he_o repulse_v the_o godly_a he_o maintain_v and_o the_o just_a and_o modest_a he_o love_v the_o learned_a and_o virtuous_a he_o encourage_v he_o will_v suffer_v no_o mâ—n_z of_o what_o degree_n or_o quality_n soever_o he_o be_v to_o elude_v or_o violate_v his_o law_n without_o condign_a punishment_n in_o his_o time_n there_o be_v neither_o any_o private_a pilferer_n nor_o public_a thief_n but_o he_o that_o in_o steal_v other_o man_n good_n will_v venture_v and_o suffer_v as_o he_o be_v sure_a the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o good_n and_o life_n he_o be_v no_o respecter_n of_o person_n in_o judgement_n but_o judge_v every_o man_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o his_o offence_n and_o quality_n of_o his_o person_n he_o unite_z all_o the_o nation_n under_o he_o which_o be_v divers_a by_o the_o covenant_n and_o obligation_n of_o one_o law_n govern_v they_o all_o with_o such_o justice_n equity_n integrity_n and_o peace_n that_o he_o wastileâ—_n rex_n or_o edgarus_n pacificus_fw-la tâ—e_v pâ—aceable_a king_n edgar_n in_o his_o day_n not_o torment_n not_o gibbeâ—s_n not_o exit_fw-la le_fw-fr not_o banishment_n be_v so_o much_o fear_v as_o the_o offend_n of_o so_o good_a and_o gracious_a a_o king_n he_o build_v and_o endow_v no_o less_o than_o 48_o monastery_n and_o restore_v many_o more_o endow_v they_o with_o large_a possession_n privilege_n out_o of_o piety_n and_o devotion_n â—s_v these_o time_n repute_v it_o &_o be_v a_o great_a honourer_n lover_n promoter_n of_o the_o virtuous_a and_o learned_a clergy_n and_o suppressor_n of_o the_o vicious_a and_o scandalous_a there_o be_v scarce_o one_o year_n throughout_o all_o his_o reign_n wherein_o he_o do_v not_o some_o great_a and_o memorable_a necessary_a thing_n for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o country_n and_o people_n the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o advancement_n of_o religiòn_n all_o which_o make_v he_o so_o honour_v and_o belove_v by_o his_o subject_n at_o home_n so_o far_o dread_v by_o his_o enemy_n abroad_o that_o nullas_fw-la domesticorum_fw-la insidias_fw-la nullum_fw-la exterminium_fw-la alienorum_fw-la sensit_fw-la he_o never_o feel_v any_o homebred_a treachery_n or_o foreign_a invasion_n but_o reign_v peaceable_o all_o his_o day_n without_o war_n or_o bloodshed_n which_o none_o of_o his_o predecessor_n ever_o do_v he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o tollerate_v any_o violence_n or_o rapine_n in_o man_n towards_o each_o other_o that_o he_o command_v all_o the_o wolf_n and_o
down_o flat_a to_o the_o earth_n very_o much_o affright_v some_o write_v that_o both_o side_n by_o dunstan_n policy_n appeal_v to_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o crucifix_n in_o this_o case_n in_o which_o dunstan_n have_v place_v a_o man_n with_o a_o trunk_n in_o the_o wall_n behind_o the_o image_n who_o utter_v this_o voice_n in_o and_o by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rood_n which_o be_v most_o probable_a soon_o after_o he_o king_n and_o dunstan_n hear_v this_o second_o voice_n from_o the_o crucifix_n arise_v be_v not_o afraid_a because_o this_o day_n righteousness_n and_o peace_n have_v kiss_v each_o other_o in_o the_o monk_n in_o memory_n of_o this_o cheer_v oracle_n and_o monkish_a fable_n of_o which_o huntindon_n hoveden_n wigorniensis_n ranulâ—us_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la fabian_n and_o other_o old_a monastical_a â—istorians_n make_v no_o mention_n and_o malmsbury_n slight_o relate_v it_o as_o a_o hear-say_n the_o monk_n of_o winchester_n ingrave_v these_o verse_n over_o the_o head_n of_o this_o crucifix_n in_o their_o refectory_n humano_fw-la more_fw-it crux_fw-la praesens_fw-la edidit_fw-la ore_fw-la coelitus_fw-la effata_fw-la quae_fw-la prospicis_fw-la hic_fw-la subarata_fw-la write_v the_o word_n forcit_v under_o this_o distich_n as_o then_o utter_v by_o the_o crucifix_n which_o assert_v before_o all_o that_o dunstan_n way_n be_v true_a where_o with_o the_o clerk_n and_o their_o abettor_n be_v quite_o confound_v and_o put_v to_o silence_n sed_fw-la adhuc_fw-la non_fw-la sedatis_fw-la animus_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o the_o noble_n and_o clerk_n mind_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o quiet_v by_o this_o oracle_n a_o clear_a evidence_n they_o suspect_v it_o as_o counterfeit_v our_o historian_n inform_v we_o there_o be_v three_o more_o great_a council_n soon_o after_o hold_v to_o 6._o settle_v this_o controversy_n between_o the_o marry_a priest_n and_o monk_n the_o first_o at_o kerling_n kerding_n or_o cerding_n or_o kirk_v as_o it_o be_v various_o style_v anno_fw-la 977._o which_o 497._o wigorn._n and_o hoveden_n stile_n magna_fw-la synodus_fw-la without_o 977._o record_v what_o be_v do_v therein_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o a_o old_a saxon_a note_n call_v it_o a_o great_a council_n affirm_v it_o be_v hold_v after_o easter_n and_o that_o sideman_n bishop_n of_o devonshire_n die_v in_o it_o that_o king_n edward_n and_o the_o archbishop_n therein_o ordain_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n mary_n at_o abendune_n out_o of_o devotion_n and_o matthew_n parker_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o life_n of_o dunstan_n superadde_n dunstanus_fw-la ibi_fw-la cum_fw-la monachorum_fw-la labenti_fw-la conditioni_fw-la succurrere_fw-la voluit_fw-la nihil_fw-la profecit_fw-la itaque_fw-la hoc_fw-la dissoluto_fw-la concilio_n aliud_fw-la in_o regius_fw-la villa_n wilteria_n quae_fw-la calne_n vulgo_fw-la appellatur_fw-la coegir_fw-it this_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o 243._o calne_n some_o stile_n it_o cleve_n be_v purposely_o call_v the_o same_o year_n 977._o to_o end_n the_o long_o continue_a controversy_n between_o the_o monk_n and_o marry_a priest_n which_o the_o feign_a oracle_n of_o the_o crucifix_n at_o winchester_n and_o the_o council_n of_o kerding_n can_v not_o determine_v all_o the_o senator_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n sit_v together_o at_o this_o council_n 6._o in_o a_o upper_a room_n the_o king_n be_v absent_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o tender_a age_n or_o sickness_n the_o business_n be_v debate_v with_o great_a conflict_n and_o controvetsie_n and_o the_o strong_a wall_n of_o the_o monkish_a church_n archbishop_n dunstan_n be_v assault_v with_o the_o dart_n of_o many_o revile_n remain_v unshaken_a the_o disputant_n of_o both_o party_n and_o order_n defend_v their_o side_n with_o great_a industry_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o dispute_n the_o whole_a floor_n with_o the_o rafter_n and_o beam_n of_o the_o room_n wherein_o they_o dispute_v sudden_o break_v in_o piece_n and_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n with_o all_o the_o people_n in_o it_o except_o dunstan_n who_o escape_v without_o any_o harm_n stand_v firm_a on_o a_o beam_n that_o remain_v of_o which_o he_o take_v holdfast_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o slay_v outright_o or_o very_o much_o hurt_v and_o bruise_v with_o the_o fall_n so_o as_o they_o languish_v ever_o after_o hardly_o escape_v present_a death_n this_o miracle_n as_o our_o monkish_a author_n style_v it_o give_v peace_n to_o archbishop_n dunstan_n from_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o english_a clerk_n and_o other_o who_o thereupon_o from_o thenceforth_o submit_v to_o his_o sentence_n and_o judgement_n if_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o mat._n westminster_n may_v be_v credit_v whereas_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n john_n bromton_n and_o other_o out_o of_o they_o assure_v we_o that_o there_o be_v not_o long_o after_o another_o parliamentary_a synod_n or_o assembly_n hold_v at_o ambresbery_n upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n without_o record_v the_o proceed_n or_o event_n thereof_o some_o conjecture_n that_o this_o fall_n be_v only_o a_o fiction_n of_o the_o monkish_a writer_n to_o add_v reputation_n to_o their_o languish_a cause_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o crucifix_n speech_n forecited_a other_o conceive_v it_o be_v wrought_v by_o duustans_n sorcery_n or_o policy_n other_o that_o it_o be_v casual_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o people_n but_o henry_n huntindon_n hist_n l._n 2._o p._n 357._o bromton_n col_fw-fr 876._o and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o they_o p._n 496._o record_n that_o this_o fall_n of_o the_o noble_n at_o calne_n be_v not_o a_o divine_a judgement_n on_o they_o for_o their_o opposition_n against_o and_o injury_n to_o the_o monk_n as_o some_o interpret_v it_o but_o signum_fw-la videlicet_fw-la dei_fw-la excelsi_fw-la fuit_fw-la quod_fw-la proditione_n et_fw-la interfeatone_n regis_fw-la svi_fw-la ab_fw-la amore_fw-la dei_fw-la casuri_fw-la essent_fw-la 8._o et_fw-la diverus_fw-la gentibus_fw-la digna_fw-la contritione_n conterendi_fw-la as_o they_o be_v soon_o after_o break_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o invade_a conquer_a danes_n and_o norman_n and_o whether_o the_o late_a violent_a fall_n and_o rupture_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o noble_n portend_v not_o the_o like_a fate_n to_o england_n by_o some_o other_o foreign_a invasion_n for_o the_o like_a treachery_n apostasy_n regicide_n or_o far_o worse_a let_v those_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o it_o and_o other_o determine_v at_o their_o leisure_n king_n edward_n edward_n imitate_v the_o footstep_n of_o his_o father_n 978._o religion_n and_o piety_n be_v so_o circumvent_v by_o the_o flatter_a speech_n of_o his_o mother-in-law_n queen_n elfrida_n that_o although_o she_o oppose_v his_o title_n election_n coronation_n all_o she_o can_v to_o advance_v she_o own_o son_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o retain_v only_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n to_o himself_o he_o soon_o after_o permit_v she_o and_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n his_o competitor_n to_o order_v all_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o they_o please_v whereupon_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v she_o begin_v to_o plot_v how_o to_o dethrone_v this_o man_n of_o god_n king_n edward_n and_o advance_v she_o own_o son_n ethelred_n to_o the_o throne_n which_o when_o she_o have_v a_o long_a time_n meditate_a upon_o she_o open_v the_o secret_n of_o her_o heart_n to_o some_o of_o her_o chief_a counselor_n advise_v with_o they_o concern_v it_o and_o earnest_o entreat_v yea_o conjure_a they_o to_o assent_v to_o she_o therein_o and_o to_o find_v out_o some_o mean_n to_o effect_v it_o cui_fw-la protenus_fw-la in_o necem_fw-la illius_fw-la omnes_fw-la conseuserunt_fw-la who_o all_o forthwith_o consent_v to_o his_o murder_n and_o contrive_v how_o they_o may_v most_o speedy_o accomplish_v it_o by_o some_o fraudulent_a device_n which_o they_o soon_o after_o execute_v in_o this_o manner_n king_n edward_n hunt_v for_o his_o disport_n in_o the_o forest_n near_o warham_n hear_v that_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n who_o he_o entire_o love_v be_v near_o that_o place_n reside_v then_o with_o his_o morher_n at_o corph-castle_n some_o stile_n it_o cornesgare_n ride_v thither_o to_o visit_v he_o with_o very_a few_o attendant_n who_o either_o casual_o or_o of_o set_a purpose_n linger_a behind_o he_o sport_v in_o the_o way_n he_o come_v alone_o to_o the_o castle_n gate_n queen_n elfrida_n who_o have_v a_o long_a time_n wait_v for_o such_o a_o opportunity_n be_v inform_v thereof_o go_v present_o to_o weet_v he_o with_o her_o bloody_a assassinate_n s_o and_o welcome_v he_o with_o flatter_a speech_n and_o a_o pleasant_a countenance_n importune_v he_o to_o lodge_v there_o that_o night_n which_o offer_v he_o with_o thanks_o refuse_v say_v he_o desire_v only_o to_o see_v and_o speak_v with_o his_o btother_n but_o will_v not_o alight_v from_o his_o horse_n whereupon_o she_o command_v a_o cup_n of_o wine_n to_o be_v speedy_o bring_v he_o to_o drink_v appoint_v one_o of_o her_o bold_a soldier_n to_o kill_v he_o while_o he_o be_v drink_v who_o kiss_v the_o king_n like_o another_o judas_n
that_o king_n ethelred_n be_v glad_a to_o grant_v the_o dane_n great_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o peace_n give_v himself_o to_o poll_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o disinherit_n they_o of_o their_o possession_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o redeem_v the_o same_o again_o with_o greaâ—_n sum_n of_o money_n for_o that_o he_o pay_v great_a tribute_n to_o the_o dane_n yearly_a which_o be_v call_v danegelt_n which_o tribute_n so_o increase_v that_o 4._o from_o the_o first_o tribute_n of_o 10000_o l._n it_o be_v bring_v at_o last_o in_o process_n of_o 5._o or_o 6._o year_n to_o 40000_o l._n the_o which_o yearly_a tribute_n until_o the_o come_n of_o st._n edward_n and_o after_o be_v levy_v of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o land_n moreover_o for_o lack_v of_o â—ustice_n many_o thief_n rioter_n and_o briber_n be_v in_o the_o land_n with_o much_o misery_n and_o mischief_n to_o which_o sorrow_n moreover_o be_v join_v hunger_n and_o penury_n beside_o a_o bloody_a flux_n fever_n mortality_n murrain_n among_o cattle_n etc._n etc._n among_o the_o commons_o insomuch_o that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o pick_v and_o steal_v from_o other_o so_o that_o what_o for_o the_o pillage_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o what_o by_o inward_a thief_n and_o briber_n this_o land_n be_v bring_v into_o great_a affliction_n albeit_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o this_o affliction_n as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o king_n as_o to_o the_o dissension_n among_o the_o lord_n themselves_o who_o do_v not_o agree_v one_o with_o another_o but_o when_o they_o assemble_v in_o consultation_n together_o either_o they_o do_v draw_v divers_a way_n or_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v agree_v upon_o any_o matter_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o party_n soon_o it_o be_v break_v again_o or_o else_o if_o any_o good_a thing_n be_v devise_v for_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o enemy_n even_o the_o dane_n be_v warn_v thereof_o by_o some_o of_o the_o same_o council_n 416._o john_n speed_z in_o his_o hist_n of_o great_a britain_n relate_v that_o king_n ethelred_n can_v not_o redness_n the_o evil_n occasion_v by_o the_o prosperous_a dane_n success_n who_o lie_v in_o the_o land_n like_o unto_o grasshopper_n his_o strength_n be_v small_a and_o his_o subject_n affection_n less_o therefore_o call_v to_o counsel_v the_o statesman_n and_o peer_n demand_v their_o advice_n 9_o what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v some_o few_o of_o these_o proffer_v the_o king_n their_o assistance_n but_o more_o of_o they_o persuade_v to_o a_o composition_n whereof_o siricius_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v chief_a and_o in_o fine_a ten_o thousand_o pound_n pay_v to_o the_o dane_n for_o their_o departure_n this_o golden_a mine_n once_o enter_v be_v more_o eager_o dig_v into_o by_o those_o still-thirsting_a dane_n who_o find_v the_o branch_n so_o beneficial_a at_o first_o hope_v the_o vein_n in_o follow_v will_v prove_v far_o more_o beneficial_a and_o therefore_o regardless_o of_o promise_n the_o next_o year_n prepare_v themselves_o again_o for_o england_n and_o with_o a_o great_a fleet_n dispatch_v to_o sea_n the_o news_n whereof_o strike_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o english_a heart_n that_o despair_v of_o hope_n they_o account_v themselves_o the_o bondslave_n of_o misery_n and_o be_v enforce_v to_o compound_v a_o peace_n with_o they_o with_o the_o payment_n of_o 16000_o pound_n which_o they_o at_o last_o mount_v to_o 40000_o or_o 48000_o pound_n till_o it_o empty_v the_o land_n of_o all_o her_o coin_n the_o kingdom_n of_o her_o glory_n the_o nobility_n of_o their_o courage_n the_o commons_o of_o their_o content_n and_o the_o sovereign_n of_o his_o wont_a respect_n and_o observation_n a_o pattern_n of_o our_o age_n and_o time_n 16._o samuel_n daniel_n give_v we_o this_o censure_n of_o this_o first_o unworthy_a heavy_a tax_n ethelred_n in_o the_o end_n be_v fain_o see_v he_o can_v not_o prevail_v with_o the_o sword_n to_o assail_v they_o with_o money_n and_o buy_v a_o peace_n for_o 10000_o pound_n which_o god_n wot_v prove_v after_o a_o very_a dear_a pennyworth_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n show_v the_o seller_n thereof_o how_o much_o be_v in_o his_o power_n and_o the_o buyer_n at_o how_o bad_a a_o rate_n his_o necessity_n be_v to_o be_v serve_v and_o yet_o not_o sure_a of_o his_o bargain_n long_o than_o the_o contractor_n will_v who_o have_v find_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o market_n raise_v the_o price_n thereof_o almost_o every_o year_n and_o yet_o have_v not_o ethelred_n what_o he_o pay_v for_o the_o land_n in_o one_o part_n or_o other_o be_v never_o free_a from_o spoil_n and_o invasion_n but_o rather_o be_v more_o oppress_v both_o by_o the_o dane_n and_o by_o this_o taxation_n which_o be_v the_o first_o we_o find_v in_o our_o annal_n lay_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n and_o with_o heavy_a grievance_n raise_v in_o a_o poor_a distress_a state_n continue_v many_o age_n after_o the_o occasion_n be_v extinct_a and_o in_o the_o end_n though_o in_o â—no_v her_o name_n become_v the_o usual_a supplement_n in_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o prince_n and_o hereby_o ethelred_n enlarge_v the_o mean_n and_o desire_n of_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o at_o length_n come_v swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o anlafe_a king_n of_o norwey_n in_o person_n as_o if_o likewise_o to_o receive_v he_o for_o commit_v outrage_n and_o be_v both_o return_v with_o great_a sum_n and_o many_o year_n it_o be_v not_o ere_o swain_n return_v again_o to_o raise_v new_a sum_n by_o new_a affliction_n and_o torment_v here_o this_o poor_a turmoil_v people_n more_o than_o ever_o receive_v a_o fee_n for_o bloodshed_n to_o the_o sum_n of_o 48000_o l._n grant_v in_o the_o 9_o general_n assembly_n of_o the_o state_n at_o london_n and_o a_o peace_n or_o rather_o paction_n of_o servitude_n conclude_v from_o these_o passage_n of_o our_o historian_n it_o be_v most_o evident_a 1._o that_o this_o tax_n of_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n to_o the_o dane_n 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this_o present_a it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a therefore_o for_o parliament_n or_o statesman_n upon_o any_o extraordinary_a press_a necessity_n to_o lay_v any_o new_a tax_n tribute_n or_o impost_n on_o the_o people_n and_o most_o perilous_a for_o the_o people_n voluntary_o to_o submit_v unto_o their_o payment_n fot_o being_n but_o once_o or_o twice_o grant_v impose_v pay_v and_o make_v a_o precedent_n they_o be_v hardly_o ever_o abolish_v or_o conjure_v down_o again_o but_o keep_v still_o on_o foot_n upon_o some_o pretext_n or_o other_o yea_o oft_o double_v treble_v and_o quadruple_v by_o degree_n to_o the_o people_n grand_a oppression_n and_o undo_n as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o old_a precedent_n of_o danegelt_n and_o the_o late_a sad_a precedent_n of_o our_o new_a impose_v excise_n impost_n monthly_a contributioâ—s_n raise_v from_o 20_o to_o 30_o 40_o 50_o 60_o 100_o and_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n amonth_n and_o the_o excise_n from_o thousand_o to_o million_o and_o so_o continue_v 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the_o self_n same_o year_n 503_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n 991._o between_o king_n ethelred_n and_o richard_n marquis_n of_o normardy_n he_o thereupon_o slay_v and_o pillage_v all_o the_o english_a pass_v through_o his_o country_n and_o affront_v king_n ethelred_n with_o frequent_a injury_n pope_n john_n the_o 15._o hereupon_o send_v leo_n his_o legate_n with_o exhortatory_n letter_n to_o make_v peace_n between_o they_o who_o come_v with_o they_o to_o king_n ethelred_n on_o christmas_n day_n anno_fw-la 991._o the_o king_n upon_o receipt_n of_o the_o pope_n letter_n accersitis_fw-la cunctis_fw-la svi_fw-la 9_o regni_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la utriusque_fw-la ordinis_fw-la sapientioribus_fw-la assemble_v all_o the_o wise_a man_n of_o his_o realm_n of_o both_o order_n for_o the_o love_n and_o fear_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o st._n peter_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n grant_v and_o estabished_a a_o most_o firm_a peace_n with_o all_o his_o son_n aâ—d_a daughter_n present_a and_o to_o come_v and_o with_o all_o his_o liege_n without_o guile_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o the_o king_n send_v edelfinus_fw-la bishop_n of_o sherburn_n with_o two_o other_o person_n of_o quality_n into_o normandy_n to_o the_o marquis_n who_o upon_o receipt_n of_o the_o pope_n admonition_n and_o hear_v of_o the_o king_n decree_n with_o a_o willing_a mind_n confirw_v the_o say_a peace_n with_o his_o son_n and_o daughter_n present_a and_o to_o come_v and_o with_o all_o his_o subject_n upon_o this_o reasonable_a condition_n that_o if_o any_o os_fw-la they_o or_o they_o themselves_o shall_v perpetrate_v any_o unjust_a thing_n against_o the_o other_o it_o shall_v be_v expiate_v with_o eondign_a reparation_n which_o peace_n that_o it_o may_v remain_v perpetual_o firm_a be_v ratify_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o commissioner_n of_o both_o part_n at_o rhoan_n in_o march_n follow_v here_o we_o have_v a_o peace_n advise_v ratify_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n record_v at_o large_a by_o malmsbury_n the_o last_o clause_n whereof_o be_v this_o et_fw-la de_fw-la hominibus_fw-la regis_fw-la vel_fw-la de_fw-la inimicis_fw-la suis_fw-la nullum_fw-la richardus_fw-la recipiat_fw-la nec_fw-la rex_fw-la de_fw-la suis_fw-la sine_fw-la sigillo_fw-la eorum_fw-la king_n fox_n ethelred_n in_o the_o year_n 992._o hearing_n that_o the_o 992._o dane_n intend_v a_o new_a invasion_n of_o england_n and_o that_o they_o have_v send_v a_o great_a fleet_n to_o sea_n contrary_a to_o their_o former_a agreement_n the_o year_n before_o assemble_v a_o council_n of_o his_o noble_n to_o consult_v how_o to_o resist_v they_o what_o the_o result_n of_o their_o consultation_n be_v florence_n of_o worcester_n thus_o record_v consilio_fw-la jussuque_fw-la regis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etheiredi_fw-la procerumque_fw-la suorum_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la anglia_fw-it robustiores_fw-la londoniae_n congregatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la nave_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o 9_o command_v of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o his_o noble_n all_o the_o strong_a ship_n be_v assemble_v together_o at_o london_n out_o of_o all_o england_n which_o the_o king_n furnish_v with_o choice_a soldier_n make_v duke_n alfric_n duke_n thorold_n alstan_n and_o aesâ—win_n two_o bishop_n admiral_n over_o they_o command_v they_o if_o by_o any_o mean_n they_o can_v to_o take_v the_o danish_a army_n and_o fleet_n by_o environ_v they_o in_o some_o part_n but_o duke_n alfric_n former_o banish_v forgive_v and_o now_o make_v chief_a admiral_n turn_v traitor_n both_o to_o his_o king_n and_o country_n first_o send_v a_o secret_a messenger_n to_o the_o dane_n to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o design_n against_o they_o entreat_v they_o to_o prevent_v the_o ambush_n prepare_v to_o surprise_v they_o whereby_o they_o escape_v the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a after_o which_o when_o the_o english_a and_o danes_n be_v ready_a to_o encounter_v each_o other_o in_o a_o sea-fight_n alfric_n flee_v 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non_fw-la facile_fw-la tibi_fw-la fidelem_fw-la credideris_fw-la for_o this_o treason_n of_o alfric_n the_o king_n cause_v the_o eye_n of_o his_o son_n algar_n to_o be_v put_v out_o unde_fw-la odium_fw-la &_o infamia_fw-la ejus_fw-la crudelitatis_fw-la adaucta_fw-la est_fw-la as_o huntiâ—don_v and_o other_o observe_v the_o next_o year_n 993._o the_o speed_v danish_a fleet_n enter_v 993._o humber_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o northumberland_n and_o lindesey_n burn_v the_o village_n slay_v the_o people_n and_o pillage_n their_o good_n whereupon_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n assemble_v together_o resolve_v and_o hasten_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o but_o when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v they_o battle_n frena_fw-la frithgist_n and_o godwin_n their_o captain_n be_v of_o danish_a progeny_n prove_v treacherous_a to_o their_o follower_n persuade_v they_o to_o fly_v and_o flee_v first_o themselves_o notwithstanding_o the_o country_n as_o malmesbury_n speed_n and_o other_o write_v be_v unable_a to_o digest_v their_o intolerable_a insolence_n and_o plunder_n fall_v upon_o the_o dane_n slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o chase_v away_o the_o rest_n
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to_o their_o ship_n through_o surrey_n lade_v with_o spoil_n refresh_v themselves_o in_o kent_n all_o the_o lent_n after_o easter_n they_o go_v into_o the_o east_n part_n of_o england_n march_v to_o ringmere_n near_o ipswich_n where_o duke_n ulfketel_fw-mi reside_v on_o the_o first_o of_o may_v they_o fight_v a_o set_a battle_n with_o he_o where_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o east-english_a turn_v their_o back_n on_o turketel_a a_o dane_n begin_v the_o fight_n but_o the_o cambridgeshire_n man_n fight_v manful_o for_o their_o country_n and_o liberty_n resist_v the_o dane_n a_o long_a time_n but_o at_o last_o be_v overpowred_n with_o multitude_n they_o likewise_o flee_v many_o noble_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n and_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o fight_n the_o dane_n gain_v the_o victory_n and_o thereby_o east-england_n turn_v all_o horseman_n and_o run_v through_o the_o country_n for_o three_o month_n space_n burn_v cambridge_n thetford_n with_o all_o the_o town_n and_o village_n in_o those_o part_n slay_v all_o the_o people_n they_o meet_v with_o as_o well_o woman_n and_o child_n as_o man_n toss_v their_o very_a infant_n on_o the_o top_n of_o their_o pike_n waste_v pillage_v all_o place_n kill_v the_o cattle_n they_o can_v not_o eat_v and_o with_o a_o infinite_a rich_a booty_n their_o footman_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n but_o their_o horseman_n march_v to_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n go_v first_o into_o oxfordshire_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o buckingham_n herâ—ford_n and_o bedford_n shire_n burn_a village_n and_o kill_v both_o man_n and_o beast_n and_o whole_o depopulate_v the_o country_n then_o they_o retire_v lade_v with_o very_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n after_o this_o about_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n andrew_n they_o ramble_v through_o northamptonshire_n burn_v and_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n together_o with_o northampton_n itself_o then_o march_v westward_o into_o wiltshire_n they_o burn_v pillage_v depopulate_v the_o country_n leave_v all_o those_o county_n like_o a_o desolate_a wilderness_n there_o be_v none_o to_o resist_v or_o encounter_v they_o after_o their_o great_a victory_n at_o ringmere_n the_o dane_n have_v thus_o waste_v and_o depopulate_v east-england_n essex_n middlesex_n hertford_n buckhingham_n oxford_n cambridge_n shire_n half_a huntindonshire_n most_o of_o northamptonshire_n kent_n surrey_z sussex_n southampton_n wiltshire_n and_o berkshire_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n king_n ethelred_n et_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la magnates_fw-la and_o the_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n thereupon_o send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o dane_n desire_v peace_n from_o they_o and_o promise_v 9_o they_o wage_n and_o tribute_n so_o as_o they_o will_v desist_v from_o depopulate_v the_o realm_n which_o they_o upon_o hear_v the_o ambassador_n consent_v to_o yet_o not_o without_o fraud_n and_o dissimulation_n as_o the_o event_n prove_v for_o although_o provision_n and_o expense_n be_v plentiful_o provide_v for_o they_o and_o tribute_n pay_v they_o by_o the_o english_a according_a to_o their_o desire_n yer_z they_o desist_v not_o from_o their_o rapine_n but_o march_v in_o troop_n through_o the_o province_n waste_v the_o village_n every_o where_o fpoil_v most_o of_o the_o miserable_a people_n of_o their_o good_n and_o some_o of_o their_o life_n at_o last_o not_o satisfy_v with_o rapine_n and_o bloodshed_n between_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n mary_n and_o st._n michael_n they_o besiege_v canterbury_n contrary_a to_o their_o dear_a buy_a peace_n and_o by_o the_o treachery_n of_o archdeacon_n almear_v take_v the_o city_n which_o they_o pillage_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n together_o with_o the_o church_n therein_o burn_v some_o of_o the_o citizen_n in_o the_o fire_n slay_v other_o of_o they_o cast_v many_o of_o they_o headlong_o over_o the_o wall_n drag_v the_o woman_n by_o the_o hair_n about_o the_o street_n and_o ravish_v and_o murder_v they_o after_o which_o they_o decimate_v the_o man_n woman_n monk_n and_o little_a child_n that_o remain_v leave_v only_o the_o ten_o of_o they_o alive_a and_o murder_v the_o rest_n slay_v no_o less_o than_o 900_o religious_a person_n and_o above_o 8000_o other_o in_o this_o manner_n as_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n relate_v mr._n 419._o lambard_n in_o his_o perambulation_n of_o kent_n compute_v that_o there_o be_v massacre_v 43_o thousand_o and_o two_o hundred_o person_n in_o this_o decimation_n there_o be_v only_o 4_o monk_n and_o 4800_o lay-people_n save_v alive_a the_o archbishop_n 465._o alfege_n they_o take_v prisoner_n bind_v in_o chain_n buffet_v grievous_o wound_v and_o then_o carry_v to_o their_o fleet_n where_o they_o keep_v he_o prisoner_n 7_o month_n at_o last_o they_o propound_v to_o he_o that_o if_o he_o will_v enjoy_v his_o life_n and_o liberty_n he_o shall_v pay_v they_o 3000_o pound_n for_o his_o ransom_n which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v week_n after_o week_n prohibit_v any_o other_o to_o give_v they_o any_o thing_n for_o his_o ransom_n they_o be_v so_o enrage_v with_o he_o that_o bring_v he_o forth_o public_o to_o their_o council_n at_o greenwich_n they_o strike_v he_o down_o to_o the_o ground_n with_o their_o battle_n axe_n stone_n and_o the_o bone_n and_o head_n of_o ox_n and_o at_o last_o one_o thrum_n who_o he_o have_v confitm_v but_o the_o day_n before_o move_v with_o a_o impious_a piety_n cleave_v his_o head_n with_o a_o axe_n and_o so_o martyr_v he_o the_o londoner_n hear_v of_o it_o purchase_v his_o dead_a corpse_n with_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o honourable_o inter_v it_o but_o above_o 2000_o of_o these_o bloody_a villain_n be_v in_o short_a time_n after_o destroy_v with_o grievous_a disease_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v by_o the_o dane_n in_o kent_n anno_fw-la 1012._o perfidious_a duke_n 1012._o edric_n daniel_n et_fw-la omnes_fw-la cujuscunque_fw-la ordinis_fw-la et_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la primate_fw-la congregati_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o
excessivam_fw-la sibi_fw-la impositam_fw-la pro_fw-la sua_fw-la redemptione_n solvere_fw-la detrectavit_fw-la belluina_fw-la dacorum_n ferocitas_fw-la eum_fw-la acerbissimo_fw-la tormento_fw-la crudeliter_fw-la interemit_fw-la omnes_fw-la fera_fw-fr tempora_fw-la flebant_fw-la foelices_fw-la qui_fw-la quocunque_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o fata_fw-la processerant_fw-la abbas_n godricus_fw-la maximè_fw-la cui_fw-la cura_fw-la tanti_fw-la populi_fw-la incumbebat_fw-la et_fw-la quem_fw-la rex_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la cumulos_fw-la argenti_fw-la habere_fw-la existimabat_fw-la danicus_n vero_fw-la swanus_fw-la suusque_fw-la totus_fw-la exercitus_fw-la ei_fw-la tanquam_fw-la domino_fw-la de_fw-la manibus_fw-la eorum_fw-la refugientium_fw-la juges_fw-la insidias_fw-la et_fw-la minas_fw-la semper_fw-la maximas_fw-la ingerebat_fw-la demum_fw-la expensis_fw-la internis_fw-la et_fw-la exactionibus_fw-la externis_fw-la totus_fw-la thesaurus_fw-la domini_fw-la turketuli_n abbatis_fw-la distractus_fw-la est_fw-la horrea_fw-la amborum_fw-la egelricorum_fw-la dâ—mâ—lita_fw-la sunt_fw-la cum_fw-la adhuc_fw-la regii_fw-la exactores_fw-la pro_fw-la pecuniis_fw-la quotidie_fw-la irruerent_fw-la et_fw-la eum_fw-la tanquam_fw-la patriae_fw-la proditorem_fw-la et_fw-la danorum_fw-la provisorem_fw-la regi_fw-la in_o proximo_fw-la cum_fw-la dignis_fw-la compedibus_fw-la deducendum_fw-la et_fw-la suppliciis_fw-la tradendum_fw-la pro_fw-la suis_fw-la demeritis_fw-la affirmarent_fw-la perculsus_fw-la ergo_fw-la venerabilis_fw-la pater_fw-la abbas_n godricus_fw-la dolore_fw-la cordis_fw-la intrinsecus_fw-la pro_fw-la tot_fw-la minis_fw-la terribilibus_fw-la convocat_n totum_fw-la suum_fw-la conventum_fw-la et_fw-la nuncians_fw-la nummos_fw-la monasterio_n deficere_fw-la orat_fw-la et_fw-la exorat_fw-la quatenus_fw-la doceant_fw-la et_fw-la decernant_fw-la in_o medio_fw-la quid_fw-la contra_fw-la nequam_fw-la seculum_fw-la magis_fw-la expediat_fw-la faciendum_fw-la tandem_fw-la longo_fw-la tractatu_fw-la placet_fw-la haec_fw-la sententia_fw-la cunctis_fw-la aliquem_fw-la ministrorum_fw-la seu_fw-la satellitum_fw-la edrici_fw-la ducis_fw-la merciorum_fw-la conducere_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la deficerenâ—_n terris_fw-la et_fw-la tenementis_fw-la ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la concedendis_fw-la in_fw-la suum_fw-la defensorem_fw-la contra_fw-la imminentia_fw-la pericula_fw-la obligare_fw-la erat_fw-la enim_fw-la ille_fw-la edricus_fw-la potentissimus_fw-la post_fw-la regem_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la ethelredo_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la swano_n rege_fw-la danorum_fw-la familiarissimus_fw-la et_fw-la postea_fw-la cum_fw-la cnuto_fw-mi filio_fw-la svo_fw-la conductus_fw-la est_fw-la ergo_fw-la quidam_fw-la maximus_fw-la satellitum_fw-la dicti_fw-la ducis_fw-la edrici_fw-la nomine_fw-la normannus_n sanguine_a sum_n clarus_fw-la filius_fw-la videlicet_fw-la comitis_fw-la lefwini_fw-la et_fw-la frater_fw-la leofrici_fw-la nobilis_fw-la comitis_fw-la leicestriae_fw-la dato_fw-la sibi_fw-la prout_fw-la postulabat_fw-la manerio_fw-la de_fw-fr badby_n ad_fw-la 〈…〉_z ille_fw-la â—ictum_fw-la manerium_fw-la acceptans_fw-la tenere_fw-la de_fw-fr sancto_fw-it guthlaco_fw-it per_fw-la firmam_fw-la in_o grano_fw-la piperis_fw-la per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o festo_fw-la s._n bartholomaei_fw-la singulis_fw-la annis_fw-la persolvendo_fw-la fideliter_fw-la promittebat_fw-la et_fw-la se_fw-la futurum_fw-la procuratorem_fw-la ac_fw-la protectorem_fw-la monasterii_fw-la contra_fw-la omnes_fw-la adversarios_fw-la confecto_fw-la inde_fw-la chirographo_fw-la obligabat_fw-la valuit_fw-la illud_fw-la monasterio_n aliquanto_fw-la tempore_fw-la scilicet_fw-la omnibus_fw-la diebus_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la suae_fw-la by_o which_o passage_n it_o be_v apparent_a what_o tax_n exactionâ—_n pressure_n the_o monastery_n and_o other_o suffer_v both_o from_o king_n ethelred_n his_o captain_n and_o officer_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o from_o the_o dane_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o how_o they_o be_v enforce_v to_o hire_v and_o bribe_v great_a soldier_n and_o courtier_n by_o lease_n and_o moâ—â—es_n to_o protect_v they_o from_o 〈…〉_z 416._o john_n speed_z affirm_v that_o the_o clergy_n 〈…〉_z any_o deny_v to_o king_n ethelred_n their_o assistance_n plead_v their_o exempâ—ions_n from_o war_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n when_o the_o land_n lie_v bleed_v and_o deplore_a for_o help_n and_o scandalize_v all_o his_o other_o proceed_n for_o demand_v their_o aid_n but_o this_o passage_n of_o abbot_n ingulphus_n so_o neat_a that_o age_n out_o of_o the_o register_n book_n of_o croyland_n whereof_o he_o be_v abbot_n not_o long_o after_o prove_v they_o pay_v great_a annual_a contribution_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o officer_n which_o consume_v all_o their_o money_n plate_n jewel_n chalice_n and_o the_o very_a shrine_n of_o their_o saint_n notwithstanding_o all_o charter_n and_o exemption_n and_o as_o for_o the_o laity_n 10._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n radulphus_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la mr._n fox_n and_o other_o write_v that_o king_n ethelred_n have_v such_o a_o condition_n that_o he_o will_v light_o disinherit_v englishman_n of_o their_o land_n and_o possession_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o redeem_v 4._o the_o same_o with_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o that_o he_o give_v himself_o to_o poll_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o frame_v trespass_n for_o to_o gain_v their_o money_n and_o good_n for_o that_o he_o pay_v great_a tribute_n to_o the_o daneslyearly_a whereby_o hâ—_n lose_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n who_o at_o last_o desert_v he_o and_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o danish_a invader_n who_o usurp_v the_o sovereign_a power_n and_o force_v he_o out_o of_o england_n with_o his_o queen_n and_o child_n these_o unrighteous_a oppression_n disinherisons_a and_o exaction_n of_o his_o be_v special_o provide_v against_o by_o his_o noble_n prelate_n and_o wiseman_n in_o the_o 903._o council_n of_o aenham_n and_o habam_fw-la forecited_a by_o special_a law_n and_o special_a excellent_a prayer_n and_o humiliation_n prescribe_v to_o be_v make_v to_o god_n to_o protect_v they_o from_o his_o judgement_n and_o the_o invade_v oppress_a bloody_a dane_n worthy_a perusal_n yet_o pretend_a necessity_n and_o war_n lay_v all_o those_o law_n asleep_a in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1013._o the_o very_a next_o after_o 1013._o the_o englishman_n dear_a purchase_a peace_n which_o the_o perfidious_a gold-thirsty_a dane_n never_o real_o intend_v to_o observe_v king_n swain_n by_o the_o secret_a instigation_n of_o turkel_n the_o dane_n who_o king_n ethelred_n unadvised_o hire_v to_o guard_v he_o with_o his_o danish_a ship_n from_o foreign_a invasion_n who_o send_v he_o this_o message_n 69._o angliam_fw-la praeclaram_fw-la esse_fw-la patriam_fw-la &_o opimam_fw-la sed_fw-la regem_fw-la stertere_fw-la illum_fw-la vencre_fw-la vino_fw-la que_fw-la studentem_fw-la nihil_fw-la minus_fw-la quam_fw-la bellum_fw-la cogitare_fw-la quapropter_fw-la odiosum_fw-la suis_fw-la ridiculum_fw-la alienis_fw-la deuce_n invidos_fw-la provinciales_fw-la infirmos_fw-la primo_fw-la stridore_fw-la lituorum_fw-la proelio_fw-la cessuros_fw-la fox_n arrive_v at_o sandwich_n with_o a_o great_a fleet_n and_o army_n of_o dane_n in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n where_o rest_v themselves_o a_o few_o day_n he_o sail_v round_o the_o east_n part_n of_o england_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o humber_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o river_n of_o trent_n to_o gainsborough_n where_o he_o quit_v his_o ship_n intend_v to_o waste_v the_o country_n hereupon_o first_o of_o all_o earl_n uhtre_v &_o the_o northumbrian_n with_o those_o of_o lindesey_n present_o without_o delay_n and_o after_o they_o the_o freelinger_n with_o all_o the_o people_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o watling-streete_n have_v no_o man_n to_o the_o fend_v they_o yield_v themselves_o up_o to_o swain_n without_o strike_v one_o stroke_n and_o establish_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o they_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o loyalty_n and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o he_o as_o their_o sovereign_n whereupon_o he_o command_v they_o to_o provide_v horse_n and_o victual_n for_o his_o army_n which_o they_o do_v william_n malmesbury_n observe_v that_o the_o northumbrian_n thus_o unworthy_o submit_v to_o swain_n his_o government_n non_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o eorum_fw-la mentibus_fw-la genuinus_fw-la ille_fw-la calor_fw-la &_o dominorum_fw-la impation_n refriguerie_n sed_fw-la quod_fw-la princeps_fw-la eorum_fw-la uthredus_fw-la primus_fw-la exemplum_fw-la defectionis_fw-la dederit_fw-la who_o example_n draw_v on_o all_o other_o part_n illis_fw-la sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la missis_fw-la coeteri_fw-la quoque_fw-la omnes_fw-la populi_fw-la qui_fw-la angliam_fw-la ab_fw-la aquilone_n inhabitant_n vectigal_a et_fw-fr obsides_fw-la dederunt_fw-la a_o very_a strange_a and_o sudden_a change_n conquest_n without_o a_o blow_n swain_n commit_v his_o navy_n and_o hostage_n to_o his_o son_n cnute_n raise_v choose_v auxiliary_n out_o of_o the_o english_a who_o submit_v to_o he_o and_o then_o march_v against_o the_o southern_a mercian_n have_v pass_v watling_n street_n he_o by_o a_o public_a proclamation_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o waste_v the_o field_n burn_v the_o village_n cut_v down_o the_o wood_n and_o orchard_n spoil_v the_o church_n kill_v all_o the_o male_n that_o shall_v come_v into_o their_o hand_n old_a and_o young_a without_o show_v they_o any_o mercy_n reserve_v only_o the_o female_n to_o satisfy_v their_o lust_n and_o to_o do_v all_o the_o mischief_n that_o possible_o they_o can_v act_v which_o they_o according_o execute_v rage_v with_o beastly_a cruelty_n march_v to_o oxford_n he_o gain_v it_o soon_o than_o he_o imagine_v by_o surrender_n take_v hostage_n of_o they_o he_o post_v thence_o to_o winchester_n where_o the_o citizen_n extraordinary_o terrify_v with_o the_o excessiveness_n of_o his_o cruelty_n
immediate_o yield_v and_o make_v their_o peace_n with_o he_o they_o and_o the_o whole_a country_n give_v he_o such_o and_o so_o many_o hostage_n as_o he_o desire_v for_o his_o security_n and_o likewise_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o only_o the_o londoner_n defend_v their_o lawful_a king_n within_o their_o wall_n shut_v the_o gate_n against_o he_o from_o winchester_n swain_n march_v with_o great_a glory_n and_o triumph_v to_o london_n endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n either_o to_o take_v it_o by_o force_n or_o surprise_v it_o by_o fraud_n at_o his_o first_o arrival_n he_o lose_v many_o of_o his_o soldier_n who_o be_v drown_v in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n through_o overmuch_a rashness_n because_o they_o will_v neither_o seek_v for_o bridge_n nor_o ford_n to_o pass_v over_o it_o king_n ethelred_n be_v then_o within_o the_o city_n and_o have_v no_o other_o refuge_n the_o citizen_n close_v their_o gate_n manful_o defend_v their_o lawful_a king_n and_o city_n against_o the_o assailant_n who_o encourage_v with_o the_o hope_n of_o glory_n and_o great_a booty_n fierce_o assault_v the_o city_n on_o all_o side_n but_o be_v all_o most_o valiant_o repulse_v by_o the_o citizen_n through_o the_o assistance_n of_o valiant_a earl_n turkel_n then_o within_o it_o the_o dane_n sustain_v great_a loss_n of_o man_n who_o be_v partly_o slay_v and_o partly_o drown_v the_o citizen_n not_o only_o repulse_v they_o from_o the_o wall_n but_o likewise_o sally_v forth_o and_o slay_v they_o by_o heap_n so_o that_o swain_n himself_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v have_v he_o not_o desperate_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o by_o flight_n escape_v their_o sword_n 69._o malmesbury_n thus_o write_v of_o the_o citizen_n oppidani_fw-la in_o mortem_fw-la pro_fw-la libertate_fw-la ruebant_fw-la nullam_fw-la sibi_fw-la veniam_fw-la futuram_fw-la arbitrantes_fw-la si_fw-la regem_fw-la desererent_fw-la quibus_fw-la ipse_fw-la vitam_fw-la svam_fw-la commiserat_fw-la it_o 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ethelreds_n 3._o son_n by_o elgina_n his_o first_o wife_n daughter_n to_o duke_n thore_v as_o speed_n and_o other_o â—_o relate_v though_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o register_v his_o birth_n non_fw-la ex_fw-la emma_n regina_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la quadam_fw-la ignobili_fw-la foemina_fw-la generatus_fw-la qui_fw-la utique_fw-la matris_fw-la suae_fw-la ignobilitatem_fw-la generis_fw-la mentis_fw-la ingenuitate_fw-la &_o corporis_fw-la strewit_fw-la te_fw-la redintegrando_fw-la redemit_fw-la after_o edmond_n election_n he_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o live_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n at_o kingston_n upon_o thames_n where_o our_o king_n in_o that_o age_n be_v usual_o crown_v no_o soon_o be_v he_o thus_o advance_v to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n but_o he_o present_o march_v undaunted_o into_o west-sex_n and_o be_v there_o receive_v by_o all_o the_o people_n with_o great_a gratulation_n and_o joy_n he_o most_o speedy_o subject_v it_o to_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v divulge_v 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the_o english_a take_v away_o edmond_n lest_o if_o the_o king_n have_v continue_v long_o together_o they_o shall_v have_v both_o live_v in_o danger_n and_o the_o realm_n in_o continual_a trouble_n his_o reign_n continue_v only_o seven_o month_n in_o which_o time_n he_o fight_v seven_o or_o eight_o battle_n in_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n people_z and_o their_o liberty_n beside_o his_o single_a duel_n with_o cnute_n and_o by_o his_o untimely_a death_n the_o english_a saxon_a monarchy_n be_v devolve_v to_o the_o dane_n who_o by_o treachery_n and_o the_o sword_n for_o three_o descent_n deprive_v the_o english_a saxon_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n through_o divine_a retaliation_n as_o they_o have_v unjust_o by_o treachery_n and_o the_o sword_n dispossess_v and_o disinherit_v the_o briton_n thereof_o about_o 450_o year_n before_o as_o 359._o henry_n huntindon_n 883._o bromton_n 56._o radulphus_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la 22._o mr._n fox_n 398._o speed_n and_o other_o observe_v the_o 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realm_n of_o england_n non_fw-fr successione_n haereditaria_fw-la sed_fw-la armorum_fw-la violentia_fw-la as_o 1782._o william_n thorne_n observe_v injust_a quidem_fw-la regnum_fw-la ingressus_fw-la sed_fw-la magna_fw-la civilitate_fw-la et_fw-la fortitudine_fw-la vitam_fw-la componens_fw-la write_v 73._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n whereupon_o the_o better_a to_o fortify_v his_o military_a title_n with_o a_o seem_a public_a election_n by_o the_o noble_n and_o nation_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o their_o open_a disclaimer_n and_o renunciation_n of_o any_o right_a or_o title_n either_o in_o king_n edmond_n son_n or_o brethren_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n to_o settle_v it_o in_o perpetuity_n on_o himself_o and_o his_o posterity_n he_o cnute_n command_v all_o the_o bishop_n duke_n prince_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n to_o be_v assemble_v together_o at_o london_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n where_o when_o they_o be_v all_o meet_v together_o in_o his_o 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most_o certain_o know_v king_n edmond_n neither_o live_v nor_o die_v have_v commend_v or_o give_v no_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brethren_n and_o they_o do_v likewise_o know_v that_o it_o be_v king_n edmond_n will_v that_o cnute_n shall_v be_v the_o guardian_n and_o protector_n of_o his_o son_n 8._o and_o of_o the_o realm_n until_o they_o be_v of_o age_n to_o reign_v call_v god_n himself_o to_o witness_v the_o truth_n hereof_o o_o the_o strange_a temporize_a falsity_n treachery_n perjury_n of_o man_n in_o all_o age_n but_o though_o they_o thus_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v yet_o they_o give_v a_o false_a testimony_n and_o fraudulent_o lie_v prefer_v a_o lie_n before_o the_o truth_n be_v forgetful_a of_o justice_n unmindful_a of_o nature_n unjust_a witness_n rise_v up_o against_o innocency_n and_o betrayer_n of_o their_o own_o blood_n and_o country_n when_o as_o they_o all_o well_o know_v that_o edmond_n have_v design_v his_o brethren_n to_o be_v his_o heir_n and_o appoint_v they_o to_o be_v guardian_n of_o his_o child_n think_v by_o this_o their_o false_a testimony_n to_o please_v king_n cnute_n to_o make_v he_o more_o mild_a and_o gracious_a to_o they_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v receive_v great_a reward_n from_o he_o for_o the_o same_o after_o their_o answer_n to_o those_o interrogatory_n to_o ingratiate_v themselves_o further_o with_o cnute_n though_o they_o be_v swear_v before_o to_o edmond_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v native_a englishman_n yet_o they_o there_o all_o take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o cnute_n swear_v to_o he_o 1._o that_o they_o will_v and_o do_v choose_v he_o for_o their_o king_n &_o humble_o obey_v he_o et_fw-la exercitui_fw-la uectigalia_n dare_v and_o will_v give_v tribute_n to_o his_o army_n and_o have_v receive_v a_o pledge_n from_o cnute_n naked_a hand_n with_o oath_n from_o the_o prince_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o dane_n &_o cnute_n reciprocal_a oath_n from_o they_o and_o all_o the_o people_n they_o ratify_v a_o mutual_a covenant_n and_o league_n of_o peace_n with_o reciprocal_a oath_n between_o both_o nation_n reconcile_a and_o abandon_v all_o public_a enmity_n between_o they_o they_o likewise_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v cast_v off_o banish_z and_o whole_o reject_v king_n edmond_n brother_n son_n and_o family_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o they_o there_o nota._n present_o fratres_n et_fw-la filios_fw-la edmondi_n regis_fw-la omnino_fw-la despexerunt_fw-la cosque_fw-la reges_fw-la esse_fw-la negaverum_fw-la unum_fw-la autem_fw-la ex_fw-la ipsis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la clitonibus_fw-la edwinum_fw-la egregium_fw-la et_fw-la reverendissimum_fw-la edmundi_fw-la regis_fw-la germanum_fw-la ividem_fw-la cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la pessimo_fw-la exulem_fw-la esse_fw-la debere_fw-la coustituerunt_fw-la as_o roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n abbot_n ethelred_n wigorniensis_n and_o other_o at_o large_a record_n the_o story_n the_o discord_n treacherous_a falsehood_n disloyal_a proceed_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n then_o towards_o one_o another_o &_o the_o english_a royal_a line_n be_v thus_o elegant_o set_v forth_o by_o 374._o abbot_n ailred_n a_o lively_a character_n of_o our_o age_n externisque_fw-la
rich_o gild_v with_o gild_a boss_n and_o dart_n in_o their_o hand_n which_o present_n though_o it_o pacify_v the_o king_n indignation_n yet_o it_o prevent_v not_o god_n avenge_a justice_n on_o he_o afterward_o for_o alfred_n blood_n thus_o partly_o avenge_v on_o harold_n carcase_n which_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o thames_n and_o mangle_a according_a to_o hard-cnutes_a command_n and_o lay_v float_v on_o the_o water_n sundry_a day_n till_o a_o fisherman_n in_o compassion_n take_v up_o his_o corpse_n and_o bury_v it_o private_o in_o st._n clement_n danes_n soon_o after_o hardecnute_a in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o 1041._o reign_n command_v 8._o mark_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o every_o mariner_n some_o writeâ—0_n â—0_z other_o 30._o mark_n to_o every_o shipwright_n of_o his_o danish_a navy_n beside_o a_o vast_a sum_n of_o money_n 1._o to_o his_o land-army_n huius_fw-la anno_fw-la secundo_fw-la redditus_fw-la est_fw-la census_n exercitui_fw-la dacorum_n scilicet_fw-la 21000_o lib._n &_o 89_o lib._n et_fw-la posteà _fw-la sunt_fw-la redditae_fw-la 32._o puppibus_fw-la 11000_o lib._n &_o 48._o lib._n write_v 365._o henry_n huntindon_n tributum_fw-la inexorabile_fw-la et_fw-la importabile_fw-la angliae_fw-la imposuit_fw-la ut_fw-la classiariis_fw-la suis_fw-la per_fw-la singulas_fw-la nave_n viginti_fw-la ac_fw-la triginti_fw-la marcas_fw-la ex_fw-la pollicito_fw-la pensitaret_fw-la quod_fw-la dum_fw-la importune_v per_fw-la angliam_fw-la exigitur_fw-la duo_fw-la infestius_fw-la hoc_fw-la munus_fw-la exequentes_fw-la a_o wigorniae_fw-la civibus_fw-la extincti_fw-la sunt_fw-la as_o 76._o will_n of_o malmsbury_n express_v it_o hic_fw-la etiam_fw-la contra_fw-la omnem_fw-la spem_fw-la octo_fw-la marcâ—s_fw-la unicuique_fw-la remigi_fw-la classis_fw-la suae_fw-la de_fw-la importabili_fw-la tributo_fw-la angliae_fw-la solvi_fw-la fecit_fw-la so_o 933._o bromton_n which_o â—lorentius_fw-la wigorniensis_fw-la hoveden_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n matthew_n westminster_n polychronicon_n caxton_n fabian_n holinsh_v grafton_n and_o speed_n thus_o more_o at_o large_a relate_v anno_fw-la 1040._o octo_fw-la marcas_fw-la unicuique_fw-la suae_fw-la classis_fw-la remigi_fw-la et_fw-la 12._o unicuique_fw-la gubernatori_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la anglia_fw-it praecepit_fw-la dependi_fw-la tributum_fw-la videlicet_fw-la tam_fw-la grave_n ut_fw-la vix_fw-la aliquis_fw-la id_fw-la possit_fw-la persolvere_fw-la quapropter_fw-la omnibus_fw-la qui_fw-la prius_fw-la adventum_fw-la ejus_fw-la desiderabant_fw-la magnopere_fw-la factus_fw-la est_fw-la exosus_fw-la summopere_fw-la anno_fw-la 1041._o hardecnute_a king_n of_o england_n huscarlas_n missit_fw-la per_fw-la omnes_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la provincias_fw-la or_o ministros_fw-la suos_fw-la per_fw-la omnes_fw-la fine_n regni_fw-la destinavit_fw-la send_v his_o officer_n through_o all_o the_o county_n &_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o exact_v and_o collect_v the_o tribute_n which_o he_o have_v impose_v without_o spare_v any_o and_o to_o furnish_v his_o mariner_n with_o all_o necessary_n from_o thence_o two_o of_o which_o officer_n faeder_n and_o turstin_n exact_v this_o importable_a tribute_n with_o great_a rigour_n and_o cruelty_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o county_n and_o city_n of_o worcester_n be_v thereupon_o tumultuous_o slay_v by_o they_o in_o a_o monastery_n whither_o they_o flee_v for_o sanctuary_n on_o the_o four_o day_n of_o may._n the_o king_n be_v very_o much_o incense_v therewith_o send_v godwin_n with_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o england_n and_o almost_o all_o his_o officer_n and_o whole_a army_n thither_o to_o avenge_v their_o death_n command_v they_o to_o slay_v all_o the_o man_n if_o they_o can_v &_o to_o pillage_n and_o burn_v the_o whole_a city_n and_o county_n who_o come_v thither_o the_o 2._o of_o november_n waste_v the_o city_n and_o county_n for_o 4._o day_n space_n but_o take_v or_o slay_v few_o of_o the_o city_n or_o county_n because_o they_o have_v notice_n of_o their_o come_n flee_v all_o away_o to_o a_o island_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o severn_n call_v beverage_n which_o they_o fortify_v and_o so_o long_o manful_o defend_v against_o their_o enemy_n till_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o peace_n and_o obtain_v leave_v quiet_o to_o return_v to_o their_o home_n whereupon_o on_o the_o five_o day_n they_o burn_v the_o city_n every_o one_o return_v with_o great_a booty_n and_o thereupon_o the_o king_n wrath_n be_v pacify_v but_o his_o reputation_n much_o eclipse_v and_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n lose_v by_o that_o cruelty_n and_o tax_n which_o it_o seem_v be_v impose_v by_o his_o own_o arbitrary_a power_n without_o any_o grant_n or_o common_a consent_n in_o a_o 1._o parliamentary_a council_n vnde_fw-la cunctis_fw-la qui_fw-la prius_fw-la ejus_fw-la adventum_fw-la optaverant_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la exosus_fw-la effectus_fw-la est_fw-la writes_z 412._o mat._n westminster_n contumeliam_fw-la famae_fw-la &_o amori_fw-la svo_fw-la detrimentum_fw-la ingessit_fw-la add_v 12._o malmsbury_n this_o whole_a tribute_n amount_v but_o to_o 32137_o l._n which_o come_v not_o to_o the_o moiety_n of_o one_o month_n contribution_n or_o excise_n in_o our_o day_n 407._o john_n speed_z and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o earl_n godwin_n devise_v how_o the_o crown_n may_v be_v wear_v by_o he_o or_o he_o to_o separate_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o subject_n from_o the_o prince_n thaen_n which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a wound_n unto_o both_o cause_v the_o king_n to_o impose_v heavy_a tribute_n upon_o the_o english_a only_o to_o pay_v the_o dane_n in_o his_o fleet_n appoint_v every_o common_a soldier_n and_o mariner_n to_o receive_v 8._o mark_n in_o money_n and_o every_o officer_n and_o master_n 12._o amount_v to_o the_o sum_n of_o 32147_o l._n for_o the_o payment_n whereof_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o grudge_n that_o two_o of_o his_o collector_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o citizen_n of_o worcester_n which_o cause_v their_o city_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o part_n of_o the_o county_n to_o be_v spoil_v by_o the_o king_n command_n and_o their_o bishop_n alfred_n expulse_v the_o see_v till_o with_o money_n he_o have_v purchase_v his_o peace_n but_o observe_v god_n justice_n on_o this_o exactor_n and_o tax-imposing_a king_n soon_o after_o his_o cruelty_n at_o worcester_n as_o he_o be_v revel_v and_o carrouze_a amid_o his_o cup_n at_o lambheth_n at_o a_o solemn_a mariage-feast_n between_o a_o danish_a lord_n and_o gotha_n a_o english_a lady_n he_o sudden_o fall_v down_o dead_a to_o the_o ground_n without_o speech_n or_o breath_n not_o be_v lament_v nor_o desire_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o unwonted_a tax_n excess_n and_o riot_n yea_o so_o far_o be_v all_o sort_n from_o bewail_v he_o ibidem_fw-la that_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o freedom_n from_o the_o danish_a yoke_n which_o they_o attain_v ever_o since_o among_o the_o common_a people_n the_o 8._o of_o june_n the_o very_a day_n of_o his_o death_n be_v annual_o celebrate_v with_o open_a pastime_n in_o the_o street_n as_o the_o old_a roman_n keep_v their_o fugalia_fw-la for_o chase_v out_o their_o king_n which_o time_n be_v now_o call_v hoctide_n or_o herextide_v signify_v a_o time_n of_o scorn_v or_o contempt_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o dane_n by_o his_o death_n when_o he_o have_v voluptuous_o and_o oppress_o reign_v over_o the_o english_a not_o full_a two_o year_n want_v ten_o day_n thereof_o now_o here_o take_v special_a notice_n of_o god_n exemplary_a justice_n upon_o king_n cnute_n the_o danish_a usurper_n and_o invader_n of_o other_o man_n crown_n and_o kingdom_n by_o treachery_n blood_n war_n treason_n the_o murder_n of_o edmund_n ironside_n pr._n edwin_n and_o alfred_n and_o exile_n of_o the_o royal_a posterity_n his_o base_a son_n harold_n dispossess_v his_o legitimate_a son_n hardecnute_a of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n contrary_a to_o his_o will_n and_o contract_n banish_v and_o spoil_v his_o own_o queen_n emma_n of_o her_o treasure_n and_o jewel_n oppress_v the_o people_n with_o tax_n and_o be_v soon_o cut_v off_o by_o death_n without_o any_o issue_n hardecnute_a after_o his_o death_n dig_v up_o his_o brother_n harold_n corpse_n behead_v and_o then_o throw_v it_o into_o the_o common_a sink_n &_o thames_n incur_v god_n and_o his_o people_n hatred_n by_o his_o oppression_n tax_n luxury_n and_o be_v take_v away_o sudden_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o age_n without_o issue_n before_o he_o have_v reign_v two_o year_n his_o son_n 1050_o swanâ—_n to_o who_o he_o bequeath_v the_o kingdom_n of_o norwey_n which_o he_o get_v by_o treachery_n bribery_n force_n and_o the_o expulsion_n murder_n ol_n their_o rightful_a pious_a king_n olaus_n be_v expel_v both_o out_o of_o norwey_n and_o denmark_n too_o by_o magnus_n the_o son_n of_o olaus_n the_o english_a army_n send_v by_o hardecnute_a to_o re-establish_a he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norwey_n rout_v in_o the_o field_n and_o so_o force_v home_o thence_o with_o dishonour_n leave_v magnus_n in_o possession_n not_o only_o of_o norwey_n but_o denmark_n which_o he_o conquer_v and_o make_v tributary_n to_o he_o thus_o be_v all_o his_o three_o son_n within_o 8_o year_n space_n after_o cnutes_n death_n quite_o strip_v of_o all_o their_o three_o kingdom_n
normandy_n and_o elect_a king_n principal_o by_o the_o help_n and_o counsel_n of_o earl_n godwin_n himself_o who_o as_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o write_v persuade_v he_o to_o accept_v the_o crown_n and_o precontract_v with_o he_o before_o hâ—_n come_v into_o england_n paciscatur_fw-la ergo_fw-la sibi_fw-la amicitiam_fw-la solidam_fw-la filiis_fw-la honores_fw-la integros_fw-la filiae_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la 80._o brevi_fw-la futurum_fw-la ut_fw-la se_fw-la regem_fw-la videat_fw-la qui_fw-la nunc_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la naufragus_fw-la exul_fw-la spei_fw-la alterius_fw-la opem_fw-la implorat_fw-la utrinque_fw-la fide_fw-la data_fw-la quicquid_fw-la petebatur_fw-la sacramento_fw-la firmavit_fw-la if_o there_o be_v then_o any_o such_o parliament_n as_o this_o then_o hold_v at_o london_n and_o such_o proceed_n in_o it_o concern_v godwin_n it_o be_v most_o probable_o in_o the_o year_n 1043._o as_o i_o here_o place_v it_o and_o from_o these_o memorable_a proceed_n in_o it_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v mention_v only_o of_o the_o king_n earls_z and_o baron_n present_a in_o this_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o it_o not_o of_o any_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n or_o burgess_n elect_v by_o the_o people_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n 2._o that_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n in_o that_o age_n in_o parliament_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n subject_n both_o in_o criminal_a and_o other_o cause_n there_o decide_v 3._o that_o peer_n in_o that_o age_n be_v only_o try_v and_o judge_v by_o their_o peer_n for_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 4._o that_o appeal_v of_o treason_n be_v then_o try_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n the_o sole_a judge_n of_o they_o and_o of_o what_o offence_n be_v treason_n and_o what_o not_o 5._o that_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n in_o that_o age_n have_v no_o vote_n in_o matter_n of_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 6._o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o parliament_n than_o rest_v proper_o in_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n not_o the_o king_n and_o that_o their_o judgement_n be_v not_o repealable_a by_o but_o obligatory_a to_o the_o king_n himself_o 7._o that_o no_o subject_n can_v then_o by_o law_n wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n in_o a_o appeal_n 8._o that_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n than_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harold_n a_o actual_a king_n by_o usurpation_n without_o any_o good_a title_n by_o his_o command_n be_v repute_v a_o treasonable_a offence_n in_o earl_n godwin_n for_o which_o he_o forfeit_v his_o land_n and_o be_v force_v to_o purchase_v his_o pardon_n and_o land_n restitution_n with_o a_o great_a fine_a and_o sum_n to_o the_o king_n 9_o that_o though_o the_o author_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n &_o caxton_n out_o of_o he_o style_v this_o assembly_n parliamentum_fw-la a_o parliament_n not_o a_o council_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o 1043._o according_a to_o the_o style_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o he_o write_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o 41._o mr._n selden_n prove_v not_o according_a to_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o which_o the_o term_n parliamentum_fw-la be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o usual_a name_n express_v such_o assembly_n speed_n king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 1643._o immediate_o after_o his_o coronation_n come_v sudden_o from_o gloucester_n to_o winchester_n attend_v with_o earl_n godwin_n siward_n and_o leofric_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n forcible_o take_v from_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n all_o her_o gold_n silver_z jewel_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o whatever_o rich_a thing_n else_o she_o possess_v command_v only_a necessary_n to_o be_v administer_v to_o she_o there_o the_o 4._o cause_n of_o which_o unjust_a act_n some_o affirm_v to_o be_v godwin_n malice_n towards_o she_o other_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v her_o unnaturalness_n to_o king_n ethelred_n her_o first_o husband_n and_o her_o own_o son_n by_o he_o alfred_n and_o edward_n in_o love_v and_o marry_v cnute_n their_o enemy_n and_o supplant_a when_o live_v and_o applaud_v he_o when_o dead_a more_o than_o ethelred_n in_o advance_v hardecnute_a her_o son_n by_o he_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v alfred_n &_o edward_n thereof_o in_o refuse_v to_o give_v any_o thing_n towards_o prince_n edw_n his_o maintenance_n while_o in_o exile_n and_o distress_n although_o he_o oft_o request_v she_o to_o supply_v his_o necessity_n in_o have_v some_o hand_n in_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n and_o endeavour_v to_o poison_v king_n edward_n himself_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v after_o which_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n a_o norman_a bear_v he_o again_o spoil_v she_o of_o all_o she_o have_v and_o shut_v she_o up_o prisoner_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o werwel_o upon_o suspicion_n of_o incontinency_n with_o alwin_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n from_o which_o false_a imputation_n she_o purge_v herself_o and_o the_o bishop_n by_o pass_v barefoot_a over_o nine_o red_a hot_a ploughshare_n without_o any_o harm_n whereupon_o the_o king_n crave_v mercy_n and_o pardon_n from_o she_o for_o the_o infamy_n and_o injury_n do_v unto_o she_o for_o which_o he_o be_v discipline_v and_o whip_v by_o his_o mother_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n there_o present_a anno_fw-la 1044._o grafton_n there_o be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la celebratun_n a_o general_n council_n hold_v at_o london_n 1044._o wherein_o wolmar_n be_v elect_v abbot_n of_o evesham_n and_o this_o year_n king_n edward_n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concilio_n procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o write_v most_o likely_a when_o assemble_v in_o the_o council_n at_o london_n marry_v edith_n daughter_n of_o earl_n godwin_n in_o patrocinium_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la he_o be_v the_o most_o potent_a man_n in_o all_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v in_o her_o breast_n a_o magazine_n of_o all_o liberal_a virtue_n 2._o and_o this_o same_o year_n most_o probable_a by_o this_o same_o council_n edict_n gunilda_n a_o noble_a matron_n king_n cnute_n sister_n daughter_n with_o her_o two_o son_n hemming_n and_o thurkell_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n into_o flanders_n from_o whence_o after_o a_o little_a stay_n they_o depart_v into_o denmark_n five_o king_n edward_n in_o the_o year_n 1045._o assemble_v together_o 1045._o to_o the_o port_n of_o sandwich_n a_o very_a numerous_a and_o strong_a speed_n navy_n against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n purpose_v to_o invade_v engl._n but_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n than_o war_a upon_o he_o hinder_v his_o voyage_n for_o england_n the_o next_o year_n 1046._o osgodus_fw-la clapa_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n other_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n anno_fw-la 1047._o send_v ambassador_n 9_o to_o king_n edward_n desire_v he_o to_o send_v a_o navy_n 1047._o to_o he_o against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n hereupon_o earl_n godwin_n counsel_v the_o king_n to_o send_v he_o at_o least_o fifty_o ship_n furnish_v with_o soldier_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la leofrico_fw-la comiti_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la id_fw-la non_fw-la videbatur_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o caeteri_fw-la proceres_fw-la dissuaserunt_fw-la nullum_fw-la ei_fw-la mittere_fw-la voluit_fw-la but_o because_o that_o council_n seem_v not_o good_a to_o 9_o earl_n leofric_n and_o all_o the_o people_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n dissuade_v he_o from_o it_o he_o will_v send_v no_o ship_n to_o he_o magnus_n furnish_v with_o a_o great_a navy_n fight_v with_o swain_n and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n expel_v he_o out_o of_o denmark_n reign_v in_o it_o and_o compel_v the_o dane_n to_o pay_v he_o a_o great_a tribute_n x._o harold_n harvager_n king_n of_o norwey_n anno_fw-la 1048._o send_v ambassador_n to_o king_n edward_n offering_z peace_n and_o 1048._o friendship_n to_o he_o which_o he_o embrace_v also_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n send_v other_o ambassador_n to_o he_o this_o year_n 9_o request_v a_o naval_a assistance_n of_o ship_n from_o he_o but_o although_o earl_n godwin_n be_v willing_a that_o at_o least_o fifty_o ship_n shall_v be_v send_v he_o yet_o none_o be_v send_v because_o earl_n leofric_n omnisque_fw-la populus_fw-la uno_n over_o contradixerunt_fw-la and_o all_o the_o people_n contradict_v it_o with_o one_o voice_n 296._o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o wulgat_v abbot_n of_o s._n pega_n who_o abbey_n be_v quite_o destroy_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o dane_n have_v a_o long_a suit_n in_o the_o king_n court_n with_o three_o abbot_n of_o burgh_n concern_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o abbey_n especial_o with_o abbot_n leofric_n with_o who_o he_o most_o strong_o contend_v sed_fw-la regis_fw-la curia_fw-la nimium_fw-la fav_fw-mi â—nte_fw-la potentiori_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la pauperem_fw-la sententiante_fw-la tandem_fw-la sedem_fw-la monasterii_fw-la svi_fw-la perdidit_fw-la tanta_fw-la fuit_fw-la abbatis_fw-la leofrici_fw-la pecunia_fw-la
ad_fw-la lumina_fw-la subliminum_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la petri_n &_o pauli_n &_o ibi_fw-la gratias_fw-la agere_fw-la pro_fw-la collatis_fw-la beneficiis_fw-la &_o exorare_fw-la ut_fw-la eam_fw-la pacem_fw-la firmaret_fw-la deus_fw-la perpetuam_fw-la mihi_fw-la 9_o &_o posteris_fw-la meis_fw-la praeparevi_fw-la ergo_fw-la &_o denumeravi_fw-la expensas_fw-la necessarias_fw-la itineri_fw-la &_o honorabilia_fw-la dona_fw-la quae_fw-la ferrem_fw-la sanctis_fw-la apostolis_n sed_fw-la gravius_n super_fw-la re_fw-mi maeror_fw-la habebat_fw-la optimates_fw-la meos_fw-la utpote_fw-la memores_fw-la malorum_fw-la quae_fw-la sub_fw-la aliis_fw-la regibus_fw-la pertulerant_fw-la ne_fw-fr tanto_fw-la domino_fw-la et_fw-la pro_fw-la patriae_fw-la rege_fw-la absente_n regnum_n noviter_fw-la sedatum_fw-la aliqua_fw-la turbaretur_fw-la hostilitate_fw-la &_o metuentes_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la sanctus_fw-la ezechias_n ne_fw-fr si_fw-fr forte_fw-fr in_fw-la via_fw-la aut_fw-la aegritudine_fw-la aut_fw-la alio_fw-la incommodo_fw-la deficerem_fw-la haereditariis_fw-la rrgibus_fw-la carerent_fw-la maxim_n quia_fw-la nullum_fw-la habebam_fw-la filium_fw-la itaque_fw-la communi_fw-la habito_fw-la concilio_n rogabant_fw-la menander_n ut_fw-la ab_fw-la intention_n desisterem_fw-la pollicentes_fw-la se_fw-la satisfacturâ—s_fw-la deo_fw-la pro_fw-la voto_fw-la meo_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o missarum_fw-la &_o orationum_fw-la oblatione_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o larga_fw-la eleemosynarun_v distributione_n sed_fw-la cum_fw-la obnixè_fw-la contradicerem_fw-la tanden_n utrisque_fw-la placuit_fw-la ut_fw-la mitterentur_fw-la legati_fw-la duo_o ab_fw-la utraque_fw-la patre_fw-la eldredus_fw-la &_o heremanâ—us_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o abbate_v wulfricus_n &_o eswynus_n qui_fw-la apostolo_n meam_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la &_o votum_fw-la &_o illorum_fw-la petitionem_fw-la indicarent_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la ejus_fw-la sententiam_fw-la quam_fw-la mihi_fw-la mandaret_fw-la promisi_fw-la i_o omne_fw-la facturum_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la ergo_fw-la quod_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o venientes_fw-la romam_fw-la legati_fw-la nostri_fw-la ex_fw-la voluntate_fw-la dei_fw-la invenerunt_fw-la collectam_fw-la synodum_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la urbe_fw-la cumque_fw-la exposuissent_fw-la meam_fw-la voluntasem_fw-la &_o svam_fw-la petitionem_fw-la coram_fw-la ducentis_fw-la &_o quinquaginta_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la multitudine_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la patrum_fw-la tunc_fw-la apostolicus_n exit_fw-la consilio_fw-la sanctae_fw-la synodi_fw-la hanc_fw-la epistolam_fw-la scripsit_fw-la leo_n etc._n etc._n haec_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la apostolica_fw-la mandata_fw-la cum_fw-la referrent_fw-la nobis_fw-la legati_fw-la interea_fw-la revelavit_fw-la beatus_fw-la petrus_n &c_n &c_n voluntatem_fw-la svam_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la restituerem_fw-la locum_fw-la qui_fw-la dcitur_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la etc._n etc._n cumque_fw-la mihi_fw-la hanc_fw-la visionem_fw-la meisque_fw-la retulisset_fw-la &_o apostolicae_fw-la literae_fw-la aequalia_fw-la praecepta_fw-la detulâ—ssent_fw-la contuli_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la meam_fw-la cum_fw-la voluntate_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la regni_fw-la electione_n dedi_fw-la i_o ad_fw-la restructionem_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la loci_fw-la itaque_fw-la decimari_fw-la praecepi_fw-la omnem_fw-la substantiam_fw-la meam_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o auro_fw-la &_o argento_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o pecudibus_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la genere_fw-la possessionum_fw-la &_o destruens_fw-la veterem_fw-la novam_fw-la à _fw-la fundamento_fw-la basilicam_fw-la construxi_fw-la from_o which_o passage_n and_o charter_n which_o i_o have_v couple_v all_o together_o for_o their_o coherence_n in_o matter_n though_o differ_v somewhat_o in_o time_n i_o shall_v observe_v 1._o that_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n in_o that_o age_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n upon_o all_o extraordinary_a occasion_n 2._o that_o the_o prelate_n noble_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o only_a member_n of_o the_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n summon_v only_o by_o the_o king_n writ_n without_o any_o knight_n or_o burgess_n that_o we_o read_v of_o elect_a by_o the_o people_n 3._o that_o the_o king_n of_o engl._n in_o that_o age_n can_v not_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n no_o not_o to_o pay_v their_o solemn_a vow_n to_o god_n nor_o appoint_v viceroy_n guardian_n officer_n judges_z commander_n to_o govern_v or_o defend_v the_o realm_n in_o their_o absence_n without_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o their_o noble_n in_o parliamentary_a council_n nor_o yet_o endow_v monastery_n with_o any_o crown-land_n or_o royal_a privilege_n by_o their_o charter_n unless_o by_o consent_n and_o confirmation_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o themselves_o in_o parliament_n 4._o that_o the_o noble_n and_o grand_a council_n of_o engl._n have_v then_o a_o negative_a voice_n not_o only_o to_o conclude_v against_o the_o king_n in_o his_o resolution_n and_o intention_n but_o even_o in_o his_o sacred_a and_o religious_a vow_n when_o prejudicial_a dangerous_a &_o mischievous_a to_o the_o realm_n the_o public_a peace_n &_o safety_n 5._o that_o king_n ought_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o just_a petition_n advice_n &_o desire_n of_o their_o noble_n council_n and_o people_n in_o all_o thing_n which_o concern_v their_o safety_n &_o tranquillity_n though_o contrary_a not_o only_o to_o their_o private_a resolution_n but_o vow_n 6._o that_o the_o noble_n and_o subject_n of_o that_o age_n be_v very_o zealous_a both_o of_o the_o safety_n of_o their_o king_n person_n the_o kingdom_n peace_n and_o security_n and_o the_o hereditary_a succession_n of_o the_o crown_n 7._o that_o the_o king_n absence_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n or_o death_n without_o any_o hereditary_a issue_n or_o heir_n be_v exceed_v perilous_a and_o mischievous_a to_o the_o realm_n yea_o the_o cause_n of_o many_o sedition_n tumult_n perturbation_n and_o ruin_n 8._o that_o the_o sacred_a vow_n of_o king_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o realm_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v violate_v and_o dispense_v with_o and_o that_o by_o the_o resolution_n of_o two_o pope_n three_o roman_a synod_n and_o two_o parliamentary_a council_n 9_o that_o god_n do_v many_o time_n not_o only_o preserve_v the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o bloody_a tyrant_n and_o usurper_n who_o seek_v their_o life_n but_o likewise_o miraculous_o and_o unexpected_o restore_v they_o to_o the_o crown_n again_o without_o war_n or_o bloodshed_n after_o many_o year_n seclusion_n from_o it_o by_o intrude_a arm_a usurper_n as_o he_o do_v k._n edw._n here_o after_o 25_o year_n invasion_n of_o his_o right_n aurelius_n ambrose_n after_o 21_o year_n long_o before_o 10._o that_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n when_o so_o miraculous_o restore_v and_o reinthron_v in_o their_o kingdom_n aught_o to_o be_v extraordinary_o affect_v with_o and_o thankful_a bountiful_a and_o devout_a to_o god_n for_o it_o and_o their_o subject_n likewise_o both_o in_o word_n and_o deed_n as_o king_n edward_n his_o noble_n and_o subject_n be_v other_o king_n henry_n the_o emperor_n an._n 1049._o when_o the_o forementioned_a parliamentary_a council_n be_v hold_v about_o 1049._o the_o king_n pilgrimage_n and_o embassy_n to_o rome_n war_a upon_o baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n for_o burn_v his_o palace_n send_v to_o king_n edward_n entreat_v he_o not_o to_o suffer_v baldwin_n to_o escape_v in_o case_n he_o shall_v fly_v to_o sea_n whereupon_o the_o king_n go_v with_o a_o great_a fleet_n to_o sandwich_n which_o he_o there_o continue_v so_o long_o till_o the_o emperor_n receive_v from_o baldwin_n whatever_o he_o desire_v henry_n huntindon_n and_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v that_o two_o prince_n of_o the_o 9_o dane_n lothin_n and_o hirl_a the_o year_n before_o have_v there_o take_v a_o inestimable_a booty_n and_o great_a store_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n they_o sail_v by_o sea_n about_o the_o coast_n of_o essex_n pillage_v it_o and_o sail_v thence_o into_o flanders_n there_o sell_v their_o prize_n and_o return_v from_o whence_o they_o come_v which_o probable_o occasion_v the_o king_n draw_v his_o fleet_n this_o year_n unto_o sandwich_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o coast_n as_o well_o as_o the_o emperor_n embassy_n while_o the_o king_n fleet_n lie_v at_o sandwich_n swain_n earl_n godwin_n son_n who_o former_o flee_v into_o denmark_n because_o he_o can_v not_o marry_v abbess_n elgina_n who_o he_o have_v deflower_v teturn_v into_o england_n with_o eight_o ship_n give_v out_o in_o speech_n that_o he_o will_v from_o henceforth_o faithful_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n whereupon_o earl_n beorn_n promise_v he_o to_o procure_v from_o the_o king_n that_o his_o earldom_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o he_o the_o emperor_n and_o earl_n baldwin_n be_v agree_v earl_n godwin_n and_o beorne_n by_o the_o king_n license_v sail_v to_o pemeuse_n with_o 42_o ship_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o navy_n the_o king_n discharge_v and_o send_v home_o retain_v only_o a_o few_o ship_n with_o he_o but_o be_v soon_o after_o inform_v that_o osgad_v clapa_n who_o he_o have_v banish_v lie_v in_o vlve_n with_o 29._o ship_n he_o recall_v as_o many_o of_o the_o dismiss_a ship_n as_o he_o can_v to_o encounter_v he_o osgad_v have_v receive_v his_o wife_n sail_v with_o 6_o of_o his_o ship_n into_o denmark_n the_o other_o 23_o ship_n sail_v towards_o essex_n have_v take_v a_o great_a booty_n about_o the_o promontory_n of_o edelfe_n they_o be_v all_o cast_v away_o in_o a_o great_a storm_n but_o two_o w_z ch_z be_v take_v in_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n &_o all_o
the_o man_n in_o they_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n swain_n deal_v very_o deceitful_o with_o earl_n beorne_n entreat_v he_o to_o go_v with_o he_o to_o sandwich_n to_o make_v his_o peace_n with_o the_o king_n who_o consider_v his_o consanguinity_n go_v to_o he_o attend_v only_o with_o three_o man_n swain_n treacherous_o send_v he_o to_o bosenham_n where_o his_o ship_n ride_v at_o anchor_n carry_v he_o on_o shipboard_n bind_v he_o in_o chain_n and_o at_o last_o slay_v and_o cast_v he_o into_o a_o pit_n after_o which_o two_o of_o his_o ship_n be_v take_v by_o those_o of_o hastings_n and_o bring_v to_o the_o king_n at_o sandwich_n and_o 4_o more_o of_o his_o ship_n be_v dismiss_v he_o sail_v with_o two_o ship_n only_o into_o ireland_n till_o ailred_n bish_n of_o worce_v reduce_v and_o reconcile_v he_o unto_o the_o king_n the_o same_o year_n in_o the_o month_n of_o aug._n the_o irish_a pirate_n with_o 36_o ship_n arrive_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o severn_n by_o the_o help_n of_o griffin_n king_n of_o southwales_n burn_v and_o pillage_v many_o village_n and_o put_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n against_o who_o ailred_n bish_n of_o worce_v with_o few_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o worcester_n and_o hereford_n speedy_o march_v but_o the_o welshman_n among_o they_o who_o have_v promise_v fidelity_n to_o they_o send_v present_o to_o their_o k._n griffin_n &_o entreat_v he_o with_o all_o possible_a speed_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o english_a thereupon_o he_o and_o the_o irish_a pirate_n assault_v the_o english_a unexpected_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o rout_v the_o rest_n king_n edward_n in_o the_o year_n 1051._o release_v the_o english_a 1051._o from_o the_o heavy_a tribute_n or_o danegeld_n which_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n and_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n thus_o express_v rex_fw-la edvardus_fw-la absolvit_fw-la anglos_n a_fw-la gravi_fw-la vectigali_fw-la 38._o 1._o anno_fw-la ex_fw-la quo_fw-la pater_fw-la ejus_fw-la rex_fw-la athelredus_fw-la danicos_fw-la solidarios_fw-la solvi_fw-la mandavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n quod_fw-la eye_v pater_fw-la suus_fw-la propter_fw-la danicos_fw-la solidarios_fw-la imposuerat_fw-la as_o 943._o brompton_n render_v it_o in_o another_o place_n roger_n the_o hunedon_n annalium_fw-la pars_fw-la 1._o p._n 441._o rodolphus_n de_fw-fr dâ—ceto_fw-la abbreviatione_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la col_fw-fr 145._o use_v the_o same_o word_n ailredus_fw-la abbas_n rievallis_n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la &_o miraculis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la confessoris_fw-la col._n 383._o thus_o relate_v it_o insuper_fw-la &_o tributum_fw-la illud_fw-la gravissimum_fw-la quod_fw-la tempore_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la prâ—mo_fw-la classi_fw-la danicae_fw-la pendebatur_fw-la postmodum_fw-la vero_fw-la fisco_fw-la regio_fw-la annis_n singulis_fw-la inferebatur_fw-la regius_fw-la liberalitate_fw-la remisit_fw-la et_fw-la ab_fw-la onere_fw-la hoc_fw-la importabilt_n in_fw-la perpeâ—uum_fw-la angliam_fw-la absolvit_fw-la vnde_fw-la sancto_fw-la huic_fw-la regi_fw-la non_fw-la inconuenienter_fw-la aptatur_fw-la quod_fw-la scriptum_fw-la est_fw-la beatus_fw-la vir_fw-la qui_fw-la inventus_fw-la sine_fw-la macula_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la post_fw-la aurum_fw-la non_fw-la abiit_fw-la nec_fw-la speravit_fw-la in_o pecuniae_fw-la thesauris_fw-la post_fw-la aurum_fw-la non_fw-la abiit_fw-la quod_fw-la potius_fw-la dispersit_fw-la nec_fw-la speravit_fw-la in_o thesauris_fw-la quos_fw-la in_o dei_fw-la opere_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la minuit_fw-la quam_fw-la consumpsit_fw-la 418._o matthew_n westminster_n record_v it_o in_o these_o word_n anno_fw-la gratiae_fw-la 1051._o rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la a_fw-la vectigali_fw-la gravissimo_fw-la angel_n absolvit_fw-la quod_fw-la patre_fw-la vivente_fw-la danicis_n stipendiariis_fw-la triginto_fw-la octo_fw-la millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la solvi_fw-la consuevit_fw-la henry_n de_fw-fr knighton_n de_fw-fr eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 9_o fol._n 233._o 1._o and_o higden_n in_o his_o polychronicon_n lib._n 6._o c._n 24._o f._n 254._o thus_o relate_v it_o rex_fw-la edvardus_fw-la absolvit_fw-la anglos_n a_o gravi_fw-la tributo_fw-la quod_fw-la patur_fw-la ejus_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la danicis_n solidariis_fw-la solvi_fw-la fecerat_fw-la &_o jam_fw-la per_fw-la 40._o annos_fw-la duraverat_fw-la which_o fabian_n in_o his_o chronicle_n part_v 8._o c._n 210._o p._n 282._o graston_n in_o his_o chronicle_n p._n 170._o speed_z in_o his_o history_n p._n 410._o holinshead_n and_o other_o thus_o express_v this_o king_n enward_o discharge_v english_a man_n of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o heavy_a tribute_n call_v danegeld_v which_o his_o father_n ethelred_n have_v make_v they_o pay_v to_o the_o soldier_n of_o denmark_n and_o have_v then_o dure_v 40._o year_n so_o that_o after_o that_o day_n it_o be_v no_o more_o gather_v abbot_n juguphus_fw-la historiae_fw-la pag._n 897._o thus_o record_v it_o more_o at_o large_a eodem_fw-la etiam_fw-la anno_fw-la 1051._o cum_fw-la terra_fw-la non_fw-la daret_fw-la solitâ_fw-la fertilitate_fw-la fructus_fw-la suos_fw-la sed_fw-la fames_fw-la plurimos_fw-la habitatores_fw-la devoraret_fw-la in_fw-la tantum_fw-la ut_fw-la bladuum_fw-la carentia_fw-la &_o panis_fw-la inopia_fw-la multa_fw-la hominum_fw-la millia_fw-la morierentur_fw-la miserecordiâ_fw-la motus_fw-la super_fw-la populum_fw-la piâ—ssimus_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la tribufum_n gravisâ—mum_fw-la quod_fw-la danigelo_n dicebafur_n omni_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la relaxavit_fw-la ferunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la regem_fw-la sanctissimum_fw-la cum_fw-la dictum_fw-la danigeld_n cublcularii_fw-la svi_fw-la collectum_fw-la in_o regis_fw-la cameram_fw-la infudissent_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la videndum_fw-la tanti_fw-la thesauri_fw-la cumulum_fw-la ipsum_fw-la adduxissent_fw-la ad_fw-la primum_fw-la aspectum_fw-la exhorruisse_fw-la protestantem_fw-la se_fw-la daemonem_fw-la super_fw-la acervum_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la saltantem_fw-la &_o nimio_fw-la gaudio_fw-la exultantem_fw-la prospexisse_fw-la unde_fw-la pristinis_fw-la possessoribus_fw-la jussit_fw-la statim_fw-la reddere_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr tam_fw-la fera_fw-fr exactione_n ne_fw-fr jota_fw-la unum_fw-la voluit_fw-la retinere_fw-la quin_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la remisit_fw-la anno_fw-la scilicet_fw-la 38._o ex_fw-la quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la ethelredi_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la suanus_fw-la rex_fw-la danorum_fw-la svo_fw-la exercitui_fw-la illud_fw-la solvi_fw-la singulis_fw-la annis_fw-la imperavit_fw-la this_o history_n of_o the_o devil_n dance_v upon_o this_o money_n be_v thus_o more_o full_o relate_v by_o roger_n de_fw-fr honeden_n annalinm_fw-la pars_fw-la prio_fw-la pag._n 447._o item_n de_fw-fr eodem_fw-la rege_fw-la edvardo_fw-la quadam_fw-la die_fw-la contigit_fw-la quod_fw-la cum_fw-la praedistus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la edwardus_fw-la regninâ_fw-la &_o comite_fw-la haraldo_n deducentibus_fw-la aerarium_fw-la suum_fw-la intravit_fw-la ut_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la videret_fw-la magnam_fw-la quam_fw-la regina_fw-la &_o comes_fw-la haraldus_n rege_fw-la ipso_fw-la â—nesciente_fw-la colligissent_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la regis_fw-la scilicet_fw-la per_fw-la singulos_fw-la comitatus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hida_fw-la terrae_fw-la quatuor_fw-la denarios_fw-la ut_fw-la rex_fw-la inde_fw-la contra_fw-la natale_fw-la domini_fw-la pannos_fw-la emeret_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la militum_fw-la &_o servientium_fw-la suorum_fw-la cumque_fw-la rex_fw-la intrasset_fw-la aerarium_fw-la suum_fw-la comitantibus_fw-la regnia_fw-la &_o comite_fw-la haraldo_n videt_fw-la diabolum_fw-la sedentem_fw-la inter_fw-la denarios_fw-la illos_fw-la &_o ait_fw-la illi_fw-la rex_fw-la quid_fw-la hic_fw-la facis_fw-la cui_fw-la daemon_n respondit_fw-la custodio_fw-la hic_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la meam_fw-la 1._o &_o dixit_fw-la rex_fw-la conjuro_fw-la te_fw-la per_fw-la patrem_fw-la &_o filium_fw-la &_o spiritum_fw-la sanctum_fw-la ut_fw-la indices_fw-la mihi_fw-la quamobrem_fw-la pecunia_fw-la ista_fw-la iva_fw-la est_fw-la &_o respondens_fw-la dixit_fw-la ei_fw-la daemon_n quia_fw-la injust_a accquisita_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la substantia_fw-la pauperum_fw-la illi_fw-la autem_fw-la qui_fw-la illum_fw-la comitabantur_fw-la stabant_fw-la stupefacti_fw-la audientes_fw-la quidem_fw-la illos_fw-la loquentes_fw-la neminem_fw-la autem_fw-la videntes_fw-la praeter_fw-la solum_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o ait_fw-la illis_fw-la rex_fw-la reddite_fw-la denarios_fw-la istos_fw-la illis_fw-la a_o quibus_fw-la capti_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o fecerunt_fw-la sicut_fw-la praecepit_fw-la illis_fw-la rex_fw-la which_o be_v likewise_o remember_v by_o capgrave_n surius_n ribadeniera_n and_o other_o in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n from_o all_o which_o relation_n compare_v together_o it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o dangeld_n be_v a_o great_a most_o heavy_a and_o intolerable_a tribute_n first_o impose_v in_o king_n ethelreds_n reign_n to_o pay_v the_o danish_a navy_n and_o soldier_n then_o invade_v england_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o plunder_v and_o spoil_v the_o people_n 2._o that_o king_n swain_n the_o invade_v and_o usurp_a dane_n after_o he_o have_v get_v the_o power_n of_o this_o realm_n impose_v it_o annualy_a on_o the_o english_a and_o make_v it_o any_o early_a tribute_n to_o pay_v his_o army_n 3._o that_o the_o danish_a succeed_v king_n continue_v and_o make_v it_o a_o kind_n of_o annual_a revenue_n to_o cloth_n and_o pay_v their_o soldier_n and_o mariner_n for_o sundry_a year_n together_o 4._o that_o it_o be_v yearly_o pay_v unto_o the_o king_n exchequer_n and_o reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n to_o wit_n four_o penny_n a_o year_n out_o of_o every_o hide_n or_o plough_v land_n throughout_o england_n or_o else_o twelve_o penny_n or_o two_o shilling_n a_o year_n as_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o sir_n henry_n
with_o much_o treasure_n but_o his_o other_o two_o son_n harold_n and_o leofric_n fail_v by_o bristol_n into_o ireland_n moreover_o the_o king_n put_v away_o his_o queen_n editha_n for_o her_o father_n godwin_n sake_n thrust_v she_o into_o the_o abbey_n of_o warwel_n or_o redwel_n without_o worship_n with_o one_o maid_n only_o to_o attend_v she_o commit_v she_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o abbess_n his_o own_o sister_n take_v away_o all_o her_o substance_n without_o leave_v she_o so_o much_o as_o one_o penny_n ne_fw-la scilicet_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suis_fw-la 82._o parentibus_fw-la patriam_fw-la suspirant_fw-la bus_fw-la sola_fw-la sterteret_fw-la in_o pluma_fw-la harold_n earldom_n and_o county_n wâ—a_v bestow_v on_o algarus_fw-la who_o rule_v it_o noble_o and_o he_o with_o good_a will_n resign_v it_o up_o to_o harold_n upon_o his_o return_n these_o thing_n be_v do_v william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n come_v to_o visit_v the_o king_n with_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o norman_n and_o soldier_n who_o king_n edward_n honourable_o receive_v and_o magnificent_o entertain_v for_o a_o season_n carry_v he_o about_o to_o all_o his_o royal_a castle_n and_o city_n and_o at_o last_o send_v back_o into_o normandy_n with_o many_o and_o great_a present_n bestow_v on_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n de_fw-fr successione_n autem_fw-la regni_fw-la spes_fw-la adhuc_fw-la aut_fw-la ment_fw-mi io_fw-it nulla_fw-la facta_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la fuit_fw-la write_v 898._o jugulphus_n 4._o king_n edward_n in_o parliamento_fw-la pleno_fw-la have_v in_o plain_a or_o full_a parliament_n as_o radulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la knighton_n de_fw-la eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 10._o trevisa_n and_o other_o relate_v thus_o banish_v and_o outlaw_v godwin_n and_o his_o son_n in_o which_o in_o condition_n as_o some_o write_v they_o continue_v two_o full_a year_n thereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1052._o harold_n and_o leofric_n by_o way_n of_o revenge_v come_v out_o of_o ireland_n with_o 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to_o 12_o d._n a_o year_n upon_o every_o ploughland_n that_o the_o church_n and_o demesne_n land_n of_o the_o church_n where_o ever_o they_o lay_v be_v exempt_v from_o it_o till_o william_n rufus_n his_o time_n who_o first_o exact_v it_o from_o the_o clergy_n upon_o a_o pretend_a necessity_n and_o raise_v it_o from_o 12_o d._n to_o 4_o s._n a_o ploughland_n by_o grant_n of_o the_o baron_n without_o any_o law_n to_o enact_v or_o confirm_v it_o for_o fear_v of_o draw_v it_o into_o consequence_n 6_o that_o these_o law_n thus_o describe_v the_o duty_n and_o office_n of_o a_o king_n lambard_n the_o king_n because_o he_o be_v the_o vicar_n of_o the_o high_a king_n be_v constitute_v for_o this_o end_n that_o he_o may_v rule_v the_o earthly_a kingdom_n and_o the_o lord_n people_n and_o above_o all_o thing_n that_o he_o may_v reverence_v his_o holy_a church_n and_o defend_v it_o from_o injury_n pluck_v away_o evil_a doer_n from_o it_o and_o utter_o to_o destroy_v and_o disperse_v they_o which_o 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to_o do_v judgement_n and_o justice_n in_o his_o kingdom_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o realm_n all_o these_o thing_n ought_v a_o king_n in_o his_o own_o person_n to_o do_v take_v his_o oath_n upon_o the_o evangelist_n swear_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o realm_n
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rebellion_n and_o will_v not_o be_v warn_v nor_o reclaim_v by_o he_o or_o their_o sad_a example_n the_o same_o year_n earl_n godwin_n thus_o perish_v other_o rheese_n brother_n of_o griffin_n king_n of_o southwales_n be_v slay_v by_o king_n edward_n command_n and_o his_o head_n bring_v to_o gloucester_n 1053._o to_o the_o king_n on_o the_o vigil_n of_o epiphany_n for_o his_o manifold_a treason_n rebellion_n and_o frequent_a depredation_n upon_o his_o english_a subject_n king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 1054._o command_v 51._o sywara_n the_o valiant_a duke_n of_o northumberland_n to_o invade_v scotland_n with_o a_o army_n of_o horse_n and_o a_o strong_a navy_n to_o remove_v mackbeoth_v k._n of_o scot_n to_o who_o he_o have_v former_o 1054._o give_v the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n to_o hold_v it_o of_o he_o and_o make_v malcolm_n the_o king_n of_o cumberland_n son_n king_n in_o his_o place_n who_o thereupon_o enter_v scotland_n with_o a_o puissant_a army_n fight_v a_o set_a battle_n with_o mackbeoth_o slay_v many_o thousand_o of_o the_o scot_n and_o all_o the_o norman_n who_o go_v to_o he_o out_o of_o england_n chase_v he_o out_o of_o scotland_n then_o total_o waste_v and_o subdue_v by_o syward_a and_o deprive_v he_o both_o of_o his_o life_n and_o realm_n which_o be_v effect_v king_n edward_n give_v the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n to_o malcolm_n to_o be_v hold_v from_o and_o under_o himself_o not_o long_o after_o duke_n syward_a be_v likely_a to_o die_v of_o a_o flux_n when_o he_o see_v death_n approach_v say_v what_o a_o shame_n be_v it_o that_o i_o who_o can_v not_o die_v in_o so_o many_o battle_n and_o war_n shall_v be_v reserve_v to_o die_v with_o disgrace_n like_o a_o cow_n wherefore_o put_v upon_o i_o my_o impenetrable_a coat_n of_o male_a gird_v i_o with_o my_o sword_n set_v my_o helmet_n upon_o my_o head_n put_v my_o buckler_n in_o my_o left_a hand_n and_o my_o gild_a battle-ax_n in_o my_o right_a hand_n that_o be_v the_o strong_a of_o all_o soldier_n i_o may_v die_v like_o a_o soldier_n whereupon_o be_v thus_o arm_v as_o he_o command_v he_o say_v thus_o it_o become_v a_o soldier_n to_o die_v and_o not_o lie_v down_o in_o his_o bed_n like_o a_o ox_n and_o so_o he_o most_o honourable_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n but_o because_o waltcof_o his_o son_n be_v then_o but_o a_o insant_fw-fr his_o earldom_n be_v give_v by_o the_o king_n to_o tosti_n son_n of_o earl_n godwin_n who_o earldom_n after_o godwin_n sudden_a death_n be_v bestow_v on_o harold_n and_o harold_n earldom_n give_v to_o algarus_fw-la earl_n of_o chester_n earldom_n in_o that_o age_n be_v only_o for_o life_n not_o hereditary_a in_o the_o year_n 1055._o other_o king_n edward_n habito_fw-la londoniae_n 1055._o concilto_n hold_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o london_n banish_v algarus_fw-la son_n of_o earl_n leofric_n quia_fw-la de_fw-fr proditione_n regis_fw-la in_o concilio_n convictus_fw-la fuerat_fw-la because_o he_o have_v be_v convict_v in_o the_o council_n of_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n as_o henry_n huntindon_n bromtons_n chronicle_n and_o hygden_n record_n yet_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n hoveden_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n and_o other_o write_v he_o be_v banish_v sine_fw-la culpa_fw-la without_o any_o crime_n whereupon_o pass_v over_o into_o ireland_n he_o soon_o after_o repair_v with_o 18._o piratical_a ship_n to_o griffin_n king_n of_o wales_n request_v he_o to_o give_v he_o aid_v against_o king_n edward_n who_o thereupon_o forthwith_o assemble_v a_o very_a great_a army_n out_o of_o all_o his_o realm_n command_v algarus_fw-la to_o meet_v he_o and_o his_o army_n with_o all_o his_o force_n at_o a_o certain_a place_n where_o unite_n their_o force_n together_o they_o enter_v into_o herefordshire_n to_o spoil_v and_o depopulate_v it_o against_o who_o timorous_a earl_n ralph_n king_n edward_n sister_n son_n raise_v a_o army_n and_o meet_v they_o two_o 9_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n of_o hereford_n command_v the_o english_a to_o fight_v on_o horseback_n contrary_a to_o their_o custom_n but_o when_o they_o be_v about_o to_o join_v battle_n the_o earl_n with_o his_o french_a and_o norman_n flee_v away_o first_o of_o all_o which_o the_o english_a perceive_v follow_v their_o captain_n in_o fly_v who_o the_o enemy_n pursue_v slay_v four_o or_o five_o hundred_o of_o they_o and_o wound_v many_o more_o and_o have_v gain_v the_o victory_n take_v the_o city_n of_o heâ—ford_n slay_v some_o of_o the_o citizen_n carried_z away_o many_o of_o they_o captive_n and_o have_v burn_v and_o pillage_v the_o city_n return_v enrich_v with_o great_a booty_n the_o king_n be_v infotm_v of_o it_o command_v a_o army_n to_o be_v present_o assemble_v out_o of_o all_o england_n which_o meet_v together_o 3._o at_o gloucester_n he_o make_v valiant_a earl_n harold_n their_o general_n who_o devout_o obey_v his_o command_n diligent_o pursue_v griffin_n and_o algarus_fw-la and_o bold_o enter_v into_o the_o coast_n of_o wales_n encamp_v at_o straddle_v but_o they_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o valiant_a man_n not_o dare_v to_o fight_v with_o he_o flee_v into_o south-wales_n upon_o which_o harold_n leave_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n there_o command_v they_o manful_o to_o resist_v the_o enemy_n if_o there_o be_v cause_n and_o return_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o multitude_n to_o hereford_n he_o envirove_v it_o with_o a_o broad_a and_o deep_a trench_n and_o fortify_v it_o with_o gate_n and_o bar_n at_o last_o messenger_n pass_v between_o they_o and_o harold_n they_o make_v a_o firm_a peace_n between_o they_o whereupon_o earl_n algarus_fw-la his_o navy_n return_v to_o chester_n there_o exact_v the_o wage_n he_o have_v promise_v they_o but_o he_o repair_v to_o the_o king_n receive_v his_o earldom_n from_o he_o again_o this_o same_o year_n herman_n herman_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n request_v of_o the_o king_n and_o almost_o obtain_v leave_n to_o remove_v his_o see_n
from_o ramesberg_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o malmsbury_n sed_fw-la rege_fw-la jnxta_fw-la consilium_fw-la procerum_fw-la id_fw-la nolente_fw-la he_o thereupon_o resign_v his_o bishopric_n go_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n but_o repent_v of_o his_o rashness_n he_o return_v into_o england_n three_o year_n after_o and_o hold_v the_o bishopric_n of_o salisbury_n and_o sherborne_n unite_v together_o till_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n 1057._o in_o the_o year_n 1057._o 568._o prince_n edward_n son_n of_o edmond_n ironside_n come_v out_o of_o hungary_n where_o he_o have_v long_o live_v a_o exile_n into_o england_n be_v send_v for_o thence_o by_o his_o uncle_n king_n edward_n who_o have_v decree_v to_o make_v he_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n after_o himself_o but_o he_o die_v at_o london_n soon_o after_o his_o return_n leave_v only_a edgar_n athelin_n his_o son_n very_o young_a and_o two_o daughter_n margaret_n and_o christiana_n under_o the_o king_n custody_n and_o tuition_n this_o same_o year_n earl_n leofric_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o devout_a noble_a countess_n godina_n free_v the_o city_n of_o coventry_n from_o a_o most_o grievous_a dishonest_a servitude_n 1._o and_o heavy_a tribute_n wherewith_o he_o have_v former_o oppress_v the_o citizen_n be_v very_o much_o offend_v with_o they_o which_o though_o frequent_o importune_v by_o she_o he_o will_v remit_v upon_o no_o other_o condition_n but_o this_o that_o his_o lady_n godina_n shall_v ride_v naked_a through_o the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n from_o the_o one_o end_n of_o the_o market_n to_o the_o other_o when_o the_o people_n be_v there_o assemble_v which_o she_o to_o obtain_v their_o liberty_n from_o this_o servitude_n and_o tribute_n perform_v cover_v herself_o so_o with_o her_o long_a fair_a hair_n that_o she_o be_v see_v and_o discern_v by_o no_o body_n whereupon_o the_o earl_n her_o husband_n by_o his_o charter_n exempt_v the_o citizen_n of_o coventry_n for_o ever_o from_o many_o payment_n which_o he_o former_o impose_v and_o exact_v from_o they_o the_o wisdom_n of_o which_o earl_n much_o benefit_v the_o king_n and_o people_n while_o he_o live_v t_o algarus_fw-la his_fw-la son_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o earldom_n 1058._o of_o mercia_n in_o the_o year_n 1058._o be_v banish_v the_o second_o other_o time_n by_o kiag_n edward_n but_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o griffin_n king_n of_o wales_n and_o help_v of_o the_o norwey_a fleet_n which_o beyond_o expectation_n come_v to_o assist_v he_o he_o sudden_o recover_v his_o earldom_n again_o by_o force_n of_o which_o he_o conceive_v himself_o unjust_o deprive_v against_o law_n griffin_n king_n of_o wales_n have_v contrary_a to_o his_o former_a league_n and_o agreement_n invade_v infest_a england_n slay_v the_o 2._o bishop_n of_o hereford_n burn_v the_o city_n harrow_v the_o country_n and_o twice_z assisted_z earl_n algarus_fw-la against_o king_n edward_n 1063._o thereupon_o anno_fw-la 1063._o speed_n duke_n harold_n by_o king_n edward_n command_n march_v hostile_o into_o wales_n with_o his_o force_n to_o infest_v griffin_n who_o have_v notice_n of_o his_o come_n take_v ship_n and_o hardly_o escape_v his_o hand_n hereupon_o harold_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o likewise_o provide_v ship_n and_o furniture_n after_o this_o his_o brother_n tosti_n and_o he_o join_v their_o force_n together_o by_o the_o king_n command_n begin_v to_o depopulate_v wales_n and_o invade_v it_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n whereupon_o the_o welshman_n compel_v by_o necessity_n give_v they_o hostage_n and_o promise_v that_o they_o will_v thenceforth_o pay_v a_o tribute_n to_o k._n edward_n as_o their_o sovereign_n and_o banish_v their_o king_n griffin_n who_o they_o expel_v according_o that_o year_n and_o an._n 1064._o they_o cut_v off_o their_o king_n griffin_n head_n and_o send_v it_o unto_o harold_n who_o present_o transmit_v it_o to_o k._n edward_n whereupon_o the_o king_n make_v griffin_n brother_n blethagent_n and_o redwallo_n king_n over_o the_o welshman_n to_o who_o he_o give_v that_o land_n who_o swear_v fealty_n to_o king_n edward_n and_o harold_n et_fw-la ad_fw-la imperium_fw-la illorum_fw-la mari_fw-fr terraque_fw-la se_fw-la fore_fw-la paratos_fw-la ac_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la prius_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la illa_fw-la regibus_fw-la anterioribus_fw-la fuerant_fw-la 8_o pensa_fw-la obedienter_fw-la se_fw-la pensurâ—s_fw-la responderunt_fw-la as_o wigorniensis_n hoveden_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n and_o other_o record_v their_o oath_n 1065._o the_o next_o year_n grafton_n tosti_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n move_v with_o envy_n against_o his_o brother_n harold_n in_o the_o king_n own_o presence_n at_o winsore_n take_v harold_n by_o the_o hair_n as_o he_o be_v drink_v wine_n to_o the_o king_n and_o violent_o strike_v the_o cup_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n use_v he_o most_o dishonourable_o all_o the_o king_n household_n admire_v at_o it_o upon_o which_o harold_n provoke_v to_o revenge_v take_v tosti_n between_o his_o arm_n and_o lift_v he_o up_o on_o high_a throw_v and_o dash_v he_o violent_o against_o the_o pavement_n at_o which_o sight_n the_o soldier_n round_o about_o run_v in_o on_o all_o side_n and_o part_v the_o begin_v fray_n perforce_o between_o these_o brother_n and_o stout_a warrior_n sever_v they_o one_o from_o the_o other_o but_o the_o king_n upon_o this_o predict_v that_o the_o destruction_n of_o these_o two_o brother_n be_v now_o near_o at_o hand_n and_o that_o their_o deadly_a fâ—ud_n be_v not_o long_o to_o be_v defer_v for_o all_o the_o son_n of_o the_o traitor_n earl_n godwin_n be_v so_o ungracious_a covetous_a oppreffive_v and_o so_o extreme_o unjust_a that_o if_o they_o have_v see_v any_o fair_a manor_n or_o mansion_n 4._o place_n they_o will_v procure_v the_o owner_n thereof_o to_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o night_n withal_o his_o posterity_n and_o kindred_n that_o so_o they_o may_v get_v possession_n thereof_o for_o themselves_o who_o notwithstanding_o which_o their_o soft_a and_o honey_a speech_n although_o they_o be_v but_o sword_n do_v so_o circumvent_v the_o over-credulous_a simplicity_n of_o king_n edward_n that_o after_o many_o enormous_a wickedness_n commit_v by_o they_o he_o make_v they_o regni_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la regni_fw-la rectores_fw-la &_o dispositores_fw-la both_o justice_n ruler_n and_o disposer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o likewise_o general_n and_o admiral_n of_o his_o force_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n the_o many_o act_n of_o injustice_n commit_v by_o the_o sway_n of_o power_n and_o passion_n by_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n proportionate_a greatness_n and_o the_o king_n weakness_n do_v much_o blacken_v that_o bright_a time_n of_o peace_n and_o make_v a_o good_a man_n not_o by_o act_v but_o endure_v ill_a hold_v to_o be_v a_o bad_a king_n tosti_n after_o this_o contest_v and_o quarrel_v with_o his_o brother_n harold_n depart_v in_o a_o rage_n from_o the_o king_n court_n and_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o hereford_n where_o his_o brother_n harold_n have_v provide_v a_o great_a entertainment_n for_o the_o king_n slay_v and_o cut_v all_o his_o servant_n in_o pieceâ—_n and_o put_v either_o a_o leg_n arm_n or_o some_o other_o member_n of_o their_o body_n thus_o mangle_v into_o every_o vessel_n of_o wine_n mead_n bear_v and_o other_o sort_n of_o liquor_n he_o there_o find_v wherein_o they_o lie_v steep_v stop_v up_o the_o vessel_n again_o which_o do_v he_o send_v word_n to_o the_o king_n that_o when_o he_o come_v to_o his_o farm_n at_o hereford_n he_o shall_v find_v his_o flesh_n well_o powder_v and_o that_o he_o will_v provide_v he_o sweetmeat_n the_o king_n be_v inform_v of_o this_o his_o barbarous_a villainy_n and_o scoff_n command_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v banish_v for_o this_o detestable_a wickedness_n which_o he_o abhor_v soon_o after_o tosti_n depart_v into_o northumberland_n about_o the_o 5._o of_o october_n 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consent_n and_o grant_v these_o chase_v the_o earl_n himself_o out_o of_o the_o country_n pro_fw-la contuitu_fw-la ducatus_fw-la