wardship of all Pupils and Orphanes wythin the same towne beside diuerse other liberties Moreouer they were in like maner constreyned to seale three seuerall obligations in which the Abbot and Conuent were bound to the sayde Inhabitantes as to a communaltie of a corporation in .vij. M. pounds as in two M. by one obligation and in two M. by another and in three M. by the thirde obligation and further they were driuen to seale a letter of release of all trespasses and other things that myght bee demaunded agaynste the sayde Inhabitauntes with a generall acquittaunce of all debts Beside this the sayde riotous persons tooke the same tyme forth of the Abbey great ryches as well in plate Armor Bookes apparell as in other things They also brake downe two houses or Messuages that belonged to the Abbey and situate within the towne of Burie they also destroyed his fish pondes and tooke out such store of fish as they found in the same they cut downe also .lx. Ashes there growing on the soyle that belonged to the sayde Abbot and did many other great outrages and enormities so that it was founde by the inquest that the Abbot was damnifyed to the value of other fortye thousande poundes These ryottes may seeme grieuous and verie straunge The châ—… but yet the same were not so heynously taken as an other whiche the sayde Inhabitants of Burie attempted agaynst the sayde Abbey in maner of a plaine commotion vpon S. Lukes day in the same yeare at what time as by the Recordes of that Abbey it shoulde appeare both the Abbot and his house were in the kinges speciall protection and the sayde Inhabitantes prohibited by his letters to attempt any iniurie agaynst hym or hys Conuent But neuerthelesse we fynde that not onely the Inhabitants of Burie but also a great number of other misgouerned persons that resorted to them from places there about arrayed and furnished with horse armour and weapon after the maner of warre came and assaulted the Abbey Gates sette fyre on them and burned them wyth dyuerse other Houses neare adioyning that belonged to the Abbay and continued in that theyr ryotous enterpryse all that daye and nyght following The same night also they burnt a Manor of y e Abbots called Holdernes barn The Mâ—… Holdâ—… bâ—…ne w t .ij. other manors called the Aunianers berne and Haberdone also the Grangles that stoode withoute the South gate The Manour 〈◊〉 Westley â—…ne and the Manour of Westley in which places they burned in corne and graine to the value of a thousande pounde The nexte day they entered into the Abbey Court and burnt all the houses on the north side as stables Brewhouses Bâ—…houses Gray â—…is and other such houses of offices and on the other side the Court they burnt certaine houses belonging to the Aumenerie On the next day they burned the More hall and Bradford hall with the new hall and diuerse chambers and sollers to the same halles annexed with the Chapell of S. Laurence at the ende of the hospitall hall Also the Manor of Eldhall the Maner of Horninger with all the corne grain within and about the same The next day they burnt the soller of y e Sollerer with a chapel there also the kytchen the larder and a part of the Farmarie On the Thursday they burnt the residue of the Farmarie and the lodging called the blacke lodging with a Chapell of S. Andrew therein In executing of all these riotous disorders one Geffrey Moreman was an ayder who wyth diuerse other persons vnknowne departed forth of the towne of Burie The Manour 〈◊〉 Fornham â—…n by the assent of the other his complices he burnt the Manor of Fornham The same day also other of their companie as William the sonne of Iames Neketon Raufe Grubbe Richard Rery and a great number of other persones vnknowne by the assent and abbetment of the other that committed the sayd disorders burnt two Manors belonging also to the sayde Abbey in great Berton with all the corne and graine there founde Vpon knowledge had of these great riots and perillous commotions there was a commission directed from the king vnto Thomas Earle of Norfolk high Marshall of EnglaÌ„d to Thomas Bardinâ—… Robert Morley Peter Wedall Iohn Howard and Iohn Walkfare authorising them with y e power of the counties of Suffolk Norffolke to apprehend trie and punish such lewde disordered persons rebellious malefactors which had committed such felonious enterprices to the breach of the kings peace daungerous disquieting of his subiects but the said Commissioners proceeded not according to the effect of their CoÌ„mission in triall of any felonies by the same persons committed and done but onely caused them to be indited of trespas albert Robert Walkfare and Iohn Clauer with their associates Iustices of peace in their Sessions holden at Elueden the Tuesday next after the feast of the Apostles Simon and Iude in the sayd first yeare of this king Edward the third proceeded in such wise against the sayd Malefactors y e Iohn de Berton Cordwayner Robert Forton and a great number of other were indyted of felonie for the mysdemeanours afore mentioned and the Indytements so founde were after sent and presented vnto Iohn Stonore Walter de Friskeney Robert Malberthorpe and Iohn Bousser who by vertue of the kings Commission of Oier Determiner to theÌ„ directed sat at S. Edmundsbury the Wednesday next after the feast of Saint Lucie the virgin and then and there sent forth precepts to the Sherife commaunding him to apprehende the sayd Berton Forton and others that were indyted of the foresayde felonies and also to returne a sufficient Iurie to trie vpon theyr arraignment the sayde Malefactors by order of law the Fryday next after the sayde feast of Saint Lucie Herevpon Alane de Latoner and Robert Dalling with .xvij. others being arraigned were founde guiltie and suffered death according to the order appoynted for felons One Adam Miniot stoode muet and refused to be tryed by his countrey and so was pressed to death as the law in such case appoynteth Diuerse other were saued by their bookes according io the order of Clerkes conuict as Alexander Brid person of Hogesete Iohn Rugham person of little Welnetham Iohn Berton Cordwayner and diuers other Some were repriued as one woman named Iulian Barbor who being big bellied was respited till she were deliuered of child Benedict Sio and Robert Russell were repriued and committed to the safe keeping of the Sherife as triers or appeachers as we terme them of other offenders and bycause there was not anye as yet attached by theyr appeales they were commaunded againe to prison One Robert de Creswell was saued by the kings letters of special pardon which he had there readie to shew As for Robert Foxton Adam Cokefielde and a great number of other whome the Sherife was commaunded to apprehende hee returned that he coulde not heare of them within the precinct of his Baylifewike wherevpon
the whole couÌ„saile there assembled that the kings sergeants and Attourneyes should go to the L. Chauncellor to haue a sight of all the sayde leagues and charters of truses to the intent they might frame their indytements according to the matter And note that iudge Fineux sayd that al such as were parties to the said insurrection were giltie of high treason as wel those that did not commit any robberie as those that were principall doers therein themselues bycause that the insurrection in it selfe was highe treason as a thing practised against the regal honor of our souereign lord the king and the same law holdeth of an insurrection said Fineux made agaynst the statute of laborers for so sayd he it came to passe that certaine persons within the Countie of Kent began an insurrection in disobedience of the statute of labourers and were attainted therefore of high treason and had iudgement to be drawn hanged and quartered He shewed where and when this chaunced c It was further determined by the same Fineux and all the Iustices of the lande that vpon the sayde Commission of Dyer and Terminee in London the Iustices named in the same commission might not arraigne the offenders and proceed to their tryall in one selfe day no more than myght the Iustices of peace But Iustices in Eyer myght so doe as well as the Iustices of Gaole deliuery and as the sufficiencie of the Iurours wythin the Citie to passe betwyxte the King and the sayde Traytours the Iustices determined that hee that hadde landes and goodes to the valewe of an hundred Markes shoulde bee inhabied to passe vppon the sayde indytementes And thys by the equitie of the Statute of Anno vndecimo Henrici septimi the which wil that no manne bee admytted to passe in any Inquest in London in a Plea of landes or other action in which the damages shall passe the value of fortie shillings excepte hee bee woorth in landes or goodes the valew of an hundred Markes On Saterday the seconde of May in thys ninth yeare all the Commissioners wyth the Lorde Maior Aldermen and Iustices wente to the Guylde hall where manye of the offendours were indyted as well of the Insurrection as of the robberyes by them committed agaynst the truses Herevppon they were araigned and pleading not guiltie hadde day gyuen till the Monday nexte ensuyng On which day being the fourth of May the Lorde Maior the Duke of Norffolke the Earle of Surrey and other came to sitte in the Guilde hall to proceede in theyr Oyer and Determiner as they were appoynted The Duke of Norffolke entred the Citye with thirtene hundred armed men and so when the Lordes were sette the Prysoners were brought throughe the Streetes tyed in Ropes some menne and some laddes of thirtene yeares of age Among them were dyuerse not of the Citie some Priestes some Husbande menne and labourers The whole number amounted vnto two hundred three score and eyghtene persons This daye was Iohn Lyncolne indyted as a principall procurour of this mischieuous insurrection and therevppon hee was arraigned and pleading not guiltie had day giueÌ„ ouer til Wednesday or as Hall sayth tyll Thursday next ensuyng He was charged with such matter as before ye haue hearde concerning his suyte vnto Doctor Standish and Doctor Bele for the reading of this bil in their sermons and opening the matter as before yee haue heard all whiche matter with the circumstances he had confessed on sunday the thirde of May vnto sir Richard Cholmley sir Iohn Daunsie sir Hugh Skeuington Diuerse other were indited this Monday and so for that time the Lordes departed The next day the Duke came againe and the Erle of Surrey with two M. armed men which kept the streetes It was thought that the Duke of Norffolk bare the citie no good will for a lewd priest of his which the yeare before was slaine in Cheape When the Maior the duke the erles of Shrewsburie and Surrey were set the prisoners were arreyned .xiij. found guiltie adiudged to be haÌ„ged drawne quartered for executioÌ„ wherof were set vp .xj. paire of galowes in diuerse places where the offences were done as at Algate at Blanchchapelton Gracious streete Leaden hall and before euery Counter one also at Newgate at Saint Martins at Aldersgate and at Bishopsgate Then were the prisoners that were iudged brought to those places of executioÌ„ and executed in most rigorous maner in the presence of the L. Edmond Howard son to the duke of Norffolke and knight Marshall On Thursday the seuenth of May was Lyncolne Shyrwin and two brethren called Bets 〈◊〉 Lincolne the Author of 〈◊〉 May day â—…ed 〈◊〉 â—…eside and diuerse other adiudged to die They were layd on Hardels and drawne to the Standert in Cheap and first was Iohn Lincolne executed and as the other had the rope aboute theyr neckes there came a commaundement from the king to respite the execution and then was the Oyer and determiner deferred till an other day the prisoners sente againe to warde and the armed men departed out of London and all things were set in quiet Thursday the .xxij. of Maye the king came into Westminster hall The king coÌ„meth to Westminster Hal there sate in iudgement himselfe and with him was the Cardinall the Dukes of Norffolke Suffolke y e erles of Shrewsbury Essex Wilshire Surrey with many lords other of the kings couÌ„sell The Maior and Aldermen with other of the chief Citizens were there in theyr best liuereys by nine of the clocke in the morning according as the Cardinall had appoynted them Then came in the prisoners bound in ropes in ranke one after another in their shirtes and euery one had an halter about his necke being in number foure C. men .xj. women When they were thus come before the kings presence the Cardinall layd sore to the Maior and Aldermen their negligence and to the prisoners he declared howe iustly they had deserued death Then all the prisoners togither reyed to the king for mercie and therewith the Lordes with one consent besought his grace of pardon for theyr offences The king pardoneth al the rebels at whose request the king pardoned them all The Cardinal then gaue to them a good exhortation to the great reioysing of the hearers And when the general pardon was pronounced all the prisoners shouted at once cast vp their halters into the roofe of the hal This company was after called the blacke Wagon After that these prisoners were thus pardoned All the gallowes within the Citie were taken downe and the Citizens tooke more heed to their seruants than before they had done The Quene of Scots retourneth into Scotlande The .xviij. of May y e Q. of Scots departed out of LondoÌ„ toward ScotlaÌ„d richly appoynted of all things necessarie for hir estate through the kings greate liberality bountiful goodnesse She entred into Scotland the .xiij. of Iune and was receiued at Berwik by hir
that all the beholders spake of them honor Thursday the .xxj. of Iune the two Kings likewise kept the tourneys so that all those noble men that woulde proue their valiancies were deliuered according to the articles of the tourneys which this day tooke ende â—…ers Fryday the .xxij. of Iune the two kings with their retinue did battaile on foote at the Barriers and there deliuered all such as put forth themselues to trie their forces 〈◊〉 Cardinall â—…g Maâ—…e â—…re two 〈◊〉 On Saterday the .xxiij. of Iune the Lorde Cardinall sang an highe and solemne Masse by note aloft vpon a pompous stage before the two Kings and Queenes the which being furnished Indulgence was giuen to all the hearers The two kings dyned in one Chamber that day and the two Queenes in another After dinner the two kings with their bendâ—… entred the field on foote before the Bairiers and so began the fight which continued battaile after battaile till all the commers were answered There were deliuered this day thus at the barriers by battaile an C. and sixe persons the two last battails did the kings And so that Saterday the whole chalenge was performed and all men deliuered of the articles of iustes tourneys battayles on foote at the Barriers by the sayde two kings and their aydes After this there folowed royall maskes Maskes and on the Sunday the .xxiiij. of Iune the King of Englande with foure companyes in euerie companie senne trymlye appoynted in maskyng apparell rode to Arde and lykewise the Frenche king accoÌ„panied with .xxxviij. persons as maskers repayred to Guisnes They met on the way and eche company passed by other without any countenance making or disuisering They were honourably receyued as well at the one place as the other and when they had ended theyr pastime banquetting and daunces they returned and met againe on the way homewardes and then putting off their visers they louingly embraced and after amiable communication togyther they tooke leaue either of other and for a remembraunce gaue giftes eyther to other verie rich and princely King Henry departed from Guisnes to Caleys and from thence to Graueling to visite the Emperour On the Morrow after being Monday the xxv of Iune the king with the Queene remoued from Guisnes to Calays where hee remayned till the tenth of Iuly on whiche day he roade to Graueling and was receyued on the waye by the Emperor and so by hym conueyed to Graueling where not onely the king but also all his traine was cheared and feasted with so louing maner that the Englishmen highly praysed the Emperors Court This meeting of the Emperour and the king of Englande was a corosie to the French king and his people as by euident tokens afterwardes well appeared The emperour commeth to Caleys to king Henrye On Wednesday the eleuenth of Iuly the Emperour and his Aunte the Ladie Margaret came wyth the king of Englande to the towne of Calays and there continued in great ioy and solace wyth feasting banquetting daunsing and masking till Saterdaye the fourtenth of Iuly on the whiche day about noone hee tooke leaue of the Queene of Englande hys Aunte and departed towarde Graueling beeing conducted on his way by the king of England to a Village towardes Flanders called Waell and there they embraced and tooke leaue eyther of other in most louing maner They did not altogither spend the tyme thus whilest they were togither in vayne pleasures and sporting reuels for the Charters before time concluded were there read and all the Articles of the league tripartite agreed betwixt the Emperour the King of Englande and the French king were at full declared to the whiche the French king had fully condescended and for the more proufe thereof and exemplyfication of the same he sent Monsieur de Roche with letters of credence to signifie to the Emperour that in the worde of a Prince he woulde obserue fulfil performe and keepe all the same articles for him his realme and subiects The king returneth into England Shortly after that the Emperour and the King had taken leaue eche of other and were departed the king shipped and with the Queene and all other the Nobilitie returned safely into England The King kept hys Christmasse at Grenewiche this yeare with much noblenesse and open Court About the same tyme 1521 the King hauing regarde to the common wealth of his realme Polidor considered how for the space of fiftie yeares past and more the Nobles and Gentlemen of Englande being giuen to grasing of cattell and keeping of sheepe had inuented a meane howe to encrease their yearely reuenues to the great decay and vndoing of the husbandemen of the lande For the sayde Nobles and Gentlemen after the maner of the Numidians more studying how to encrease their pastures than to mainteyne tyllage beganne to decay husbande tackes and tenements and to conuert errable grounde into Pasture furnishing the same with beastes and sheepe and also deare so enclosing the fieldes with hedges dytches and pales whiche they helde in theyr owne handes engrossing woolles and selling the same and also sheepe and beastes at theyr owne pryses and as might stande most to theyr owne pryuate commoditie whereof a threefolde euill chaunced to the common wealth as Polidore noteth one for that thereby the number of husband men was sore diminished the whiche the Prince vseth chiefely in his seruice for the warres an other for that many Townes and Vyllages were left desolate and became ruynous the thirde for that both Wooll and Cloth made thereof and the fleshe of all maner of beastes vsed to bee eaten was solde at farre higher pryces than was accustomed These enormityes at the fyrst beginning beeyng not redressed grewe in shorte space to suche force and vigour by euyll custome that afterwarwardes they could not be well taken away nor remoued The King therefore causing suche good statutes as had beene deuised and established for reformation in thys behalfe to be reuyued and called vppon Commissâ—… graunted for the maintenaunce of â—…llage and laying open of inclosure taketh order by directing forth hys Commission vnto the Iustices of peace and other suche Magystrates that presentmente shoulde bee hadde and made of all suche Inclosures and decay of husbandrye as had chaunced within the space of fiftie yeares before that present tyme. The Iustices and other Magistrates according to their commission executed the same And so commaundement was giuen that the decayed houses should be buylt vp again that the husbandmen should be placed eftsoones in y e same and that inclosed grounds shuld be laid open and sore punishment appointed agaynste them that disobeyed 〈…〉 These so good and wholesome ordinances shortely after were defeated by meane of bribes giueÌ„ vnto the Cardinal for when the nobles and Gentlemen whiche had for their pleasures imparked the common fieldes were loth to haue the same againe disparked they redemed their vexation with good summes of money and so
third péece vpon the North side of the Wâ—â—râ—…she néeâ—â— Falbrocke as Barkeshyre hath one percell also vpon the selfe side of the same water in the verye edge of Glocestershyre â–ª Lykewyse an other in Oxforde shyre not verye farre from Burford and the thirde ouer agaynst Lache lade which is parted from the mayne countye of Barkeshyre by a lyttle strake of Oxford shyre Who woulde thinke that twoo Fragmentes of Wilshyre were to be séene in Barkeshyre vpon the Loden and the ryuer that falleth into it whereof and the lyke sith there are verye manye I thinke good to gyue thys briefe admonition For although I haue not presentlye gone thorowe wyâ—â— them al yet these maye suffice to giue notice of thys thinge whereof most readers as I perswade my selfe are ignorant But to procéede with our purpose ouer eache of these shyres in time of necessity is a seuerall Léeâ—…tenant chosen vnder the Prince 〈…〉 who beyng a noble man of calling hath almost regall authoritie ouer the same for the tyme beyng in many cases which doth coÌ„cerne his office otherwyse it is gouerned by a Shirife 〈◊〉 who is resident dwelling somewhere within the same couÌ„ty whom they call a Vicount in respect of y e Erle or as they called him in time past the Alderman that beareth his name of the Countye although it be seldome séene in Englande that the Earle hath any great store of possessions or oughtes to doe in the County whereof he taketh hys name more then is allowed to him thorowe his personall resiauns if he happen to dwell and bée resident in the same In the election also of these Magestrates dyueâ—â—able Persons aswell for wealth as wisdome are named by the commons at a tyme and place appointed for theyr choyse whose names beyng delyuered to the Prince he foorthwyth pricketh some suche one of them as he pleaseth to assigne vnto that office to whome he coÌ„mitteth the charge of the county and who herevpon is Shirife of that shyre for one whole yeare or vntill another be chosen 〈…〉 The Shirife also hath his vnder Shirife that ruleth holdeth the shyre courtes law daies vnder hym vpon sufficient caution vnto the high Shirife for hys true execution of Iustice and yéelding of accoumpt when he shall be thervnto called There are likewyse vnder him certayne Bayliffes â—…ifes whose office is to serue returne such writtes processes as are directed vnto theÌ„ froÌ„ the high Shirife to make seazure of the goodes and cattelles and arrest the bodyes of such as doe offende presenting eyther their persons vnto him or at the leastwyse taking sufficient bonde or other assuraunce of them for theyr due apperance at an appointed tyme when y e Shirife by order of law ought to present them to the Iudges according to his charge â—…e â—…nstaâ—… In euerye hundred also are one or moe high constables according to the quaÌ„tity of the same who receyuing writtes and iniunctions from the high Shirife vnder his seale doe forthwith charge the pety constables of euery towne with in their limites â—…y conâ—…es with the execution of y e same In eche countye likewise are sundrye law dayes holden at their appointed seasons of which some retaine the olde Saxon name and are called Motelaghe 〈…〉 They haue also an other called the Shirifes turne which they holde twyse in their times in euery hundred and in these two latter such small matters as oft aryse amongst the inferior sorte of people are hard and determined They haue finally their quarter sessions wherein they are assisted by the Iustices and Gentlemen of the countrey and twise in the yeare Gaile deliuerye â—…e deâ—…y or 〈◊〉 assiâ—… at which time the Iudges ride about in theyr circuites into euerye seuerall countye where the nobilitye and Gentlemen wyth the Iustices there resiaunt associate them and mynister the lawes of the realme wyth great solemnity and Iustice Howbeit in doing of these things they retayne still the the olde order of the lande in vse before the conquest for they coÌ„mit the full examination of al causes there to be heard to y e coÌ„sideratioÌ„ of 12. sober graue â—…uests wise men chosen out of y e same countye which number they call an enquest and of these inquests there are more or lesse impaniled aâ—…euery assize as the nuÌ„ber of cases there to be handled doth craue and require albeit that some one inquest hath often diuers to coÌ„sider of when they haue to their vttermost poure consulted and debated of such thinges as they are charged with all they returne againe to the place of Iustice wyth theyr Verdicte in wryting according whereunto the Iudge doth pronounce his seÌ„tence be it for life or death or any other matter whatsoeuer is brought before him Beside these officers afore mencioned there are suÌ„dry other in euery countye as Crowners whose duety is to enquire of such as come to their death by violence to attache and present the plées of the Crowne Iustices of peax and quorum to make inquirye of treasure founde c. There are dyuers also of the best learned of the lawe beside sundry Gentlemen where the number of Lawyers doe not suffise and whose reuenues doe amount to aboue twenty pound by the yeare appointed by especiall commission from the prince to looke vnto the good gouernement of hir subiectes in the Counties where they dwell and of these the least skilfull in the lawe are of the peace the other both of the peace and quorum otherwise called of Oyer Determiner so that the first haue authoritie onely to heare the other to heare determine such matters as are brought vnto their presence These also doe dyrect theyr warrantes to the kéepers of the Gayles which in their limitations for the safe keping of such offenders as they shal iudge worthie to be kept vnder warde vntill the great assizes to th ende their causes may be further examined before the residue of the countye these officers were first deuised in the eightéene yeare of Edwarde the thyrde as I haue béene informed They méete also and togither with the Shyrifes doe hold their Sessions at foure times in the yeare Quarter sessions whereof they are called quarter Sessions and herin they inquyre of the common anoyaunces of the kings léege people sundrie other trespasses determining vppon them as iustice doth require There are also a thyrde kinde of Sessions holden by the high Constables and Baylifs afore mencioned called Petie Sessions Pety sessions wherein the weightes measures are perused by the Clarke of the market for the countey who sitteth with theÌ„ At these méetings also Victuallers in like sort seruants labourers roges and runnagates are often reformed for their excesses although the burning of vagabounds thorow their eares be referred to y e quarter sessioÌ„s or higher courts of Assise where they are adiudged also to death if they be takeÌ„ the third
and ther talked with him of suche matters as they had to conclude betwixt them two But for that the K. of Nauarre could not assure the king of such couenants as should haue passed betwixt them two Polidor it was not thought meete by the kings counsayle to worke to farre vpon his bare worde that had before time shewed apparaunt proufes of his inconstant dealing And surely this doubt rose not wythout cause The king of Nauarres conâ—…tancie suspected Froissart as his doings shortly after declared for although he seemed nowe at thys present to be a very enimie to the French King yet shortly after hee was reconciled to him agayne and became his great friend for the time it lasted 1371 An. reg 45. This yeare in the moneth of Februarie was a Parliament called in the which there was demaunded of the spiritualtie a subsidie of fiftie M. Caxton A Subsidie poundes and as much of the Laitie The temporall men soone agreed to that payment but the Cleargie excused themselues with fayre wordes and shyfting answeres Insomuch that the king tooke displeasure with them and deposed certaine spirituall men from their offices of dignitie Spirituall men deposed as the Chancellour the Priuie seale the Treasorer and such other in whose rowmes he placed temporal men The Bishop of Winchester and the Bishop of Beanuoys being both Cardinalles were put in commission by Pope Gregorie the .xj. Cardinals appoynted to treate of peace to treate betwixt the kings of England and France for a peace but howbeit they did their endeuour therein and moued both kings to the vttermoste of theyr powers yet theyr mocions tooke none effect and therefore was the warre pursued to the vttermost betwixt the parties and namely in Aquitaine where the Fortresses were so intermedled one with an other some Englishe and some French that one knew not howe to beware of an other nor to auoyde the daunger so that the Countrey of Poictow and other the marches thereabout were in great tribulation Sir Robert Knolles sir Thomas Spencer Polidor sir Iohn Triuet and sir Hugh Hastings deuiding theyr powers in sunder went to recouer Townes some in one quarter and some in an other and certaine they assayed but preuayled not the Inhabitantes doubting to bee punished for theyr vntruthes made suche stoute resistaunce After this the Duke of Lancaster appoynted sir Robert Knolles to repayre agayne to Calais and by the way if occasion serued to attempt the recouerie of Ponthieu Sir Robert taking his iourney through Fraunce by Paris The feare which the enimies had of sir Rob. Knolles came into the marches of Picardie and bycause in comparison to this manne all the Englishe Captaines were little feared of the French men Sir Berthram de Cleaquin Sir Berthram de Cleaquin the Conestable of Fraunce leauing the fortresses in the marches of Aquitaine sufficiently stuffed with men of war and munition followed sir Robert Knolles still readie to assayle the hyndermost companies or else to set on the sydes of his enimies So that there chaunced manye skirmishes betwixt them and many men were slaine on both partes but at length wheÌ„ sir Robert Knolles saw no likelihood to atchieue his purposed entent in recouerie of the townes of PoÌ„thieu as Abuile and other he drew streight to Calais the Conestable retired backe into Fraunce In this .xlvj. yeare sir Robert Ashton was sent into Ireland as Lord Deputie there 1372 An. Reg. 46. and in the same yeare the Duke of Lancaster being as theÌ„ a widower maried the Lady CoÌ„staÌ„ce eldest daughter to Peter king of Spaine whiche was slaine by his bastarde brother Henrie as before yee haue hearde Also the Lorde Edmonde Earle of Cambridge maried the Ladie Isabell sister to the same CoÌ„stance Their other sister named Beatrice affianced to Don Ferdinando sonne to Peter king of Portingale was departed this life a little before this tyme at Bayonne where they were all three left as hostages by theyr father when the Prince went to bring him home into his Countrey as before ye may reade Froissart writeth that the Duke maried the Ladie Constance in Gascoigne and that shortly after he returned into Englande with his sayde wife and hir sister leauing the Capital de Bueffz and other Lordes of Gascoigne and Poictou in charge with the rule of those Countreys By reason of that mariage the duke of Lancaster as in right of his wife being the elder sister caused himselfe to be intituled king of Castile and his sayde wife Queene of the same realme The Earle of Hereforde being sent to the sea with certaine shippes of warre was encountred by the Flemish fleete before an hauen in Brytain called the Bay where was fought a sore battaile and long continued for the space of three houres howbeit finally the victorie abode with the English menne notwithstanding that the Flemings were more in number and better prouided for the matter There were taken of them .xxv. shippes with theyr Admirall Iohn Peterson They had bene at Rochelle for wine and now were come to the Bay for salt vpon theyr returne homewards and hearing that the English men woulde come that way stayed for them and first gaue the onset For ye must remember that by reason that the Earle of Flaunders had maried his daughter to the duke of Burgoine whiche he had first promised to the Earle of Cambridge there was no perfite friendship betwixt the Realme of Englande and the Countreys of the sayd Erle of Flaunders Sir Guichard Dangle a knight of Poictou that was come ouer with the Duke of Lancaster to procure the king to sende some newe ayde into Aquitaine Sir Guisshard Dangle made knight of the Garter Polidor Caxton was for his approued valiauncie and tryed truth to the king of Englande made knight of the Garter And moreouer at his instaunce the king rigged a nauie of shippes and appoynted the Earle of Pembroke as generall to sayle wyth the same into Aquitayne and there to remoue the siege which the Frenchmen had laid to Rochell The Erle of Pembroke sent into Guienne The Earle according to his commission tooke the Sea with a fleete of .xl. shippes prepared for him but ere he could enter the hauen of Rochelle he was assayled by an huge fleete of Spaniards and there vanquished taken prysoner and 〈◊〉 into Spaine The Spaniards had for captaines foure â—…full warriours Ambrose Bouque negre Froissart Cabesse de Vake or Vakadent Dom Ferand dâ—… Pâ—… and Rodigo de la Rochelle who had vnder there gouernment .xl. great carreuelles and thirtâ—… trymme Barques throughly furnished and appoynted with good mariners and men of wâ—…e The Earle of Pembroke had with him nothing the like number of shippes nor men for as Froissart writeth he had not past .xxij. knightes with him or as other haue not past .xij. being for the more part of his owne retinue of housholde and yet those fewe Englishmen and Poictouins
returned agayne to Boys de Vincennes and beeing there receiued of the King and Queene of Fraunce and of the Queene his wife the thirtith day of May being Whitson euen they remoued altogither vnto Paris where the King of England lodged in the Castell of Loure and the Frenche King in the house of Saint Paule These two kings kept great estate with their Queenes The royall port of the K. of Englande at this high feast of Pentecost but the King of Englandes Court greatly exceeded so that al the resort was thither The ParisieÌ„s that beheld his princely port and high magnificence iudged him rather an Emperour than a Kyng and their owne King to be in respect to him like a Duke or a Marques The Dolphin hauyng knowledge by espials where the King of England and his power lay came with all his puissance ouer the riuer of Loyre and besieged Cosney Cosney besieged by the Dolphyn a towne scituate vpon that riuer a sixe score miles distant from Paris and appointed parte of his army to wast and destroy the confynes of the Duchie of Burgoigne to the inteÌ„t to deuide the power of the Kyng of Englande from the strength of the Duke of Burgoigne supposing as it came to passe indeede that the Duke would make hast towardes Burgoigne to defende hys owne lands In the meane time they within Cosney were so hard handled that they promised to render their towne to the Dolphin if they were not rescued by the King of EnglaÌ„d within tenne dayes King HeÌ„ry hearing these newes woulde not send any one creature but determined to goe himselfe to the reysing of that siege and so with all deligence came to the Towne of Corbeil and so to Senlis where The king falleth sicke whithout were with heate of the ayre or that he wish hys daily labour were â—…obled or weakened he began to ware sicke yea and so sicke that hee was constreyned to tarrie send his brother the Duke of Bedford to rescue them of Cosney which he did Cosney rescued by the duke of Bedford to his high honor for the Dolphin hearing that the Duke of Bedford was comming to reise his siege departed thence into Berrie to his greate dishonor and lesse gaine Aboute the same time the Duke of Britaine sent his Chancellor y e Bishop of Mauntes Titus Lâ—… The Duke of Britayne seadeth ambassadors to the K. of England with the Bishop of Vannes and others of his counsell as Ambassadors from him vnto K. Henrye with full commission to ratifie and allowe for him and his people the peace coÌ„cluded at Troyes but by reason of the Kings greeuous sicknes nothing as then was done in that matter Neuerthelesse the Duke himselfe in person came afterwardes to Amiens and there performed that which he had appoynted his Ambassadors at this time in his name to haue done and accomplished In the meane season The king of Englande is brought sickâ—… to Boys de Vincennes King Henrye waxed sicker and sicker and so in an horselitter was coÌ„ueyed to Boys de Vincennes to whome shortly after repared the Dukes of Bedforde Gloucester and the Earles of Salisburie and Warwike whome the King louingly welcomed and shewed himselfe right glad of their presence and when he saw theÌ„ pensiue for his sicknesse great danger of life wherin he presently laye His aduice vpon his death bedde he with many graue curteous pithie words recomforted them the best he could and therwith exhorted them to be trustie and faithfull vnto his son and to see that he might be wel and vertuously brought vp and as coÌ„cerning the rule and gouernaÌ„ce of his realmes during the minoritie yong yeares of his said sonne he willed them to ioyne together in frendly loue and concorde keping continuall peace and amitie with the duke of Burgoigne and neuer to make treatie with Charles that calleth himselfe Dolphyn of Vyenne by the whyche any part eyther of the crown of France or of the Duchies of Normandie and Guyenne may be lessened or dimynished and further that the Duke of Orleauns and the other Princes shoulde styll remayne Prisoners tyll hys sonne came to lawfull age least retournyng home againe they myght kindle more fyre in one day than myght be quenched in three He further aduiseth theÌ„ that if they thought it necessarye that it shoulde be good to haue his brother Humfrey duke of Glocester to be protector of Englande during the nonage of his sonne and his brother the duke of Bedford with the helpe of the duke of Burgongne to rule and to be regent of France commaunding him with fire and sword to persecute the Dolphyn til he had either brought him to reason and obeysance or else to driue and expell hym out of the realme of Fraunce And herewith he protested vnto them Titus Liuius that neyther the ambitious desyre to enlarge his dominions neyther to purchase vayne renowne and worldlye fame nor any other consideration hadde moued him to take the warres in hande but onely that in prosecuting his iust title he might in the end atteyn to a perfect peace and come to enioy those peeces of his inheritance whiche to him of right belonged and that before the beginning of the same warres he was fully perswaded by menne bothe wyse and of greate holynesse of lyfe that vppon suche intent he myghte and ought bothe beginne the same warres and follow them til he had brought them to an end iustly and rightly and that without all daunger of Gods displeasure or perill of soule The noble men present promised to obserue his preceptes and to perfourme his desires but their hearts were so pensife and replenished with sorow that one could not for weping behold an other Then he sayd the .vij. psalmes and receyued the sacrament and in saying the Psalmes of the Passion â—…e departed 〈◊〉 life ended his dayes here in this world the last of August in the yere a thousand foure hundred twentie and two The câ—…mendâ—… of kyng Henry the fifte 〈◊〉 expressed by â—…er Hall This Henry was a king whose lyfe was immaculate and his liuing without spotte Thys king was a Prince whome all men loued and of none disdayned This Prince was a captain against whome fortune neuer frowned nor mischance once spurned This captain was a shepheard whom his flocke both loued and obeyed This shephearde was suche a Iusticiarie that lefte no offence vnpunished nor frendship vnrewarded Thys Iusticiarie was so feared that all rebellion was banished and sedition suppressed Hys vertues were no more notable than his qualities were worthie of praise for in strengthe and nimblenesse of bodie from his youthe fewe were to hym comparable for in wrastling leaping and running no maÌ„ almost durst with him presume in casting of great iron barres and heauie stones he excelled commonly all menne No colde made him slouthfull nor heat caused him to shrinke and when he moste laboured his head was vncouered He
An. reg 22. slaughter and brenning sore defaced all Christendome lamented the continuall destruction of so noble a realme and the effusion of so muche christen bloud wherfore to agree the two puissant Kings all the Princes of Christendome trauayled so effectuously by their oratours and Ambassadors The dyet at To◅ or a peace to bee ◅d betvvene Englande and Fraunce that a dyet was appoynted to be kept at the citie of Tours in Tourayne where for the king of Englande appeared William de la Poole Earle of Suffolke doctour Adam Molyns keeper of the Kings priuie seale also Sir Robert Ros and diuers other And for the French king were appointed Charles duke of Orleans Lewes de Bourbon earle of Vandosme greate Maister of the Frenche Kynges householde Piers de Bresse Stewarde of Poyctowe and Bertram Beaunau Lorde of Precigny There were also sente thyther Ambassadours from the Empire from Spayne from Denmarke and from Hungarie to bee mediatours betwixte the two Princes The assemble was greate but the coste was muche greater insomuche that euerye parte for the honour of theyr Prince and prayse of theyr countrey sette foorth themselues as well in fare as apparell to the vttermoste Many meetings were had and many things moued to come to a fynall peace but in conclusion by reason of many doubtes whyche rose on both parties no finall concorde coulde be agreed vppon but in hope to come to a peace a certayn truce as well by sea as by lande A truce for .18 moneths was concluded by the Commissioners for eyghteen Moneths 1444 whyche afterwarde agayne was prolonged to the yeare of our Lord .1449 if in the mean time it had not bene broken In the treatyng of this truce the Earle of Suffolke extending his commission to the vttermost without the assent of his associates imagined in his fantasie that the next way to come to a perfecte peace was to moue some marriage betwene the Frenche Kinges kinsewoman the Ladye Margarete daughter to Reynet Duke of Aniou and hys Soueraygne Lorde Kyng Henrye This Reyner duke of Aniou named himselfe king of Sicile Naples and Ierusalem hauing only the name and stile of those realmes without any penie profite or foote of possession This mariage was made straunge to the erle at the first and one thyng seemed to bee a greate hinderaunce to it whiche was bicause the kyng of Englande occupyed a greate parte of the Duchye of Aniowe and the whole Countie of Mayne apperteyning as was alledged to king Reyner The Earle of Suffolke I can not saye eyther corrupted with brides or too muche affectioned to thys vnprofytable mariage condescended and agreed that the Duchie of Aniowe and the Countie of Mayne should be deliuered to the King the brydes father demaunding for hir marriage neyther pennye nor farthyng as who woulde say that this newe affinitie passed all riches and excelled bothe golde and precious stone And to the intent that of this truce might ensue a finall concorde a daye of enterview was appointed betwene the two kings in a place conuenient betwene Chartres and Roan When these thyngs were concluded the earle of Suffolke wyth his companie retourned into Englande where he forgat not to declare what an honourable truce he hadde taken out of the whyche there was a greate hope that a fynall peace myght growe the sooner for that honourable marryage whyche hee hadde concluded emittyng nothyng that myght extoll and ◅te foorth the personage of the Ladye or the nobilitie of her kinne But although this mariage pleased the kyng and dyuers of hys Counsell yet Humfrey duke of Gloucester protector of the realme was much agaynste it alledging that it should be both contrarie to the lawes of God and dishonorable to the Prince if he shoulde breake that promise and contract of mariage made by ambassadors sufficiētly therto instructed with the daughter of the Erle of Arminack vpon conditions both to him and his realme as much profitable as honorable But the Dukes wordes coulde not be heard for the Earles doings were only liked and allowed So that for performance of the conclusions the Frenche king sent the Erle of Vandosme great maister of his house and the Archebishop of Remes fyrst peere of Fraunce and diuers other into Englande where they were honorably receyued and after that the instrumentes were once sealed and deliuered on both partes the sayd ambassadors retourned into their countreys with greate giftes and rewardes When these things were done the king both for honour of his Realme Creations of estates and to assure to himselfe mo frends he created Iohn Holland Earle of Huntington Duke of Excester as his father was and Humfrey Erle of Stafford was made duke of Buckingham Henry erle of Warwike was erected to the title of duke of Warwike to whom the K. also gaue the castell of Bristowe with y e Isle of Iernesey and Garnesey Also the erle of Suffolk was made Marques of Suffolk which Marques with his wife and many honorable personages of men and women richely adorned both with apparell iewels hauing with them many costly chariots gorgeous horslitters sailed into France for the conueyance of the nominated Queene into the realm of England For king Reigner hir father for all his long stile had too short a purse to send his daughter honorably to the King hir spowse This noble copany came to the citie of Tours in Tourayne An. reg 23. 1445 where they were honorably receiued both of the French K. and of the K ▪ of Sieil The Marques of Suffolke as procurator to K. Henry espoused the sayd Lady in the churche of S. Martins At the whiche mariage were presente the father and mother of the bryde the Frenche Kyng himself which was vncle to the husband and the French Queene also whiche was Aunt to the wyfe There were also the Dukes of Orleans of Calabre of Alanson and of Britayne vij Erles .xij. barons xx Bishops beside knightes and Gentlemen When the feast triumph bankets and iustes were ended the Lady was deliuered to the Marques which in great estate he conueyed through Normandie vnto Diepe and so trāsported hir into Englande where shee landed at Portesmouth in the moneth of Aprill This woman excelled al other aswel in beautie and fauor as in wit and policie and was of stomacke and courage more lyke to a man than a woman And furthermore the Earle of Arminacke tooke suche displeasure with the Kyng of Englande for thys marryage that hee became vtter enemye to the Crowne of Englande and was the chiefe cause that the Englyshemen were expulsed oute of the whole Duchie of Aquitayne But moste of all it shoulde seeme that God was displeased wyth this marriage For after the confirmation thereof the Kings friends fell from hym bothe in Englande and in Fraunce the Lordes of his Realme fell at diuision and the commons rebelled in suche sorte that fynally after many fieldes foughten and many thousands of men slayn the
Kyng to enter into this Realme and to leauie warre againste the King and his people to the intent to destroy the K. and his frendes and to make Iohn his son King of this realm marying him to Margaret sole heire to Iohn Duke of Somerset pretending and declaring hir to be nexte heire inheritable to the crowne for lack of issue of the kings body laufully begotten 2 Item the saide Duke being of the Kings priuie and neare counsaile allured by greate rewards and faire promisses made by the forsaid Earle of Dunois caused the King to delyuer and sette at libertye Charles Duke of Orleans ennemy to the King and the Kings noble father whiche delyueraunce was prohibited by expresse words in the laste will of the kings moste victorious father 3 Item that beefore the departure of the saide Duke of Orleans the aforenamed Duke of Suffolke trayterouslye faste cleauyng to Charles called the Frenche King counsailed prouoked and entised the saide Duke of Orleans to moue the same Kyng to make warre againste England both in Fraunce and Normandie according to which procurement and counsayle the saide Frenche King hathe recouered the whole Realme of Fraunce and all the Duchie of Normandie and taken prisoners the Earle of Shrewesoury the Lorde Fauconbridge and many other valiant Capitaines These three Articles aforenamed he denyed eyther for facte or thought 4 Farther it was alledged that he beeyng ambassador for the K. of England to Charles calling hymselfe Frenche King promysed to Reyner king of Sicile and to Charles Dangiers his brother ennemies to the king the release of Aniow wyth the deliueraunce of the Countie of Maine and the citie of Mawnt or Mauns wythout the knowledge of the other Ambassadours which him accompanied which promise after his return he caused to be performed to the kings disinheritance and losse irrecuperable and to the strengthe of his enemies and feeblishement of the Duchie of Normandie To this article he answered that his commission was to conclude and doo all thinges accordyng to his discretion for the obteynyng of a peace and bycause wythout deliuerye of those countreys hee perceyued that truce coulde not bee obteyned he agreed to the release and deliueraunce of them 5 Also they surmised that the saide Duke beeing in Fraunce in the Kings seruice and one of the priuiesie of his counsaile there traiterouslye declared and opened to the Capitains and Conduiters of warre apperteyning to the Kinges enemies the Kinges counsaile purueyance of his armies furniture of his towns and all other ordynaunces whereby the Kings enemies enformed by hys trayterouse information haue gotten Townes and fortresses and the king by that meane depriued of his inherytaunce 6 Item the sayde Duke declared to the Earle of Dunoys to the Lord Presigny and Wyllyam Cosinet ambassadors for the french king lying in Londō the priuities of the kings counsaile bothe for the prouision of further warre and also for defence of the Duchie of Normandye by the disclosing whereof the Frenchemenne knowing the Kinges secretes preuented the tyme and obteyned theyr purpose 7 Item that the saide Duke at suche time as the King sent Ambassadours to the French King for the intreating of peace tr◅cou◅y beefore their comming to the Frenche Courte certified king Charles of their commission authoritie and instructions by reason whereof neither peace nor amitie succeded the kings inheritaunce loste and by hys enemyes possessed 8 Item the same Duke sayde openly in the starre chamber before the lords of the counsaile that hee had as highe a place in the counsaile house of the French king as hee had there and was aswell truffed there as here and could remoue from the French king the p◅iest man of his counsaile if hee would 9 Item when armies haue bene p◅ared and souldiours readie waged to passe on◅ the Sea to resiste the Kings enemies the sayde duke corrupted by rewards of the french king hathe restrayned and stayed the saide armies to passe any farther 10 Item the said Duke being Ambassador for the King comprised not in the league as the kings alies neyther the king of Arragon neyther the Duke of Britaigne but suffred them to bee comprised on the contrarie parte by reason wherof the olde amitie of the king of Arragon is estranged from this Realme and the Duke of Britaine became enemie to the same Giles his brother the Kinges sure freinde caste in strong prison and there like to ende and finishe his dayes All these obiections hee vtterly denyed or faintly auoided but none fully excused Diuers other crimes were layde to hys charge as enriching hymselfe with the Kynges goodes and lands gathering togither and making a Monopolie of offices fees wardes and Farmes by reason wherof the Kings estate was greatly minished and decayed and he and his kinne highely exalted and enriched with many other pointes which bycause they be not notable nor of greate force or strengthe I omitte and ouerpasse The Quene which entierly loued the duke doubting some commotion and troudle to arise if hee were let go vnpunished The Duke of Suffolke committed to the Tovver caused him to be committed to the tower where he remained not paste a Moneth but was agayne deliuered and restored to the Kynges fauour as muche as euer hee was beefore This dooing so much displeased the people that if politike prouision hadde not bin greate mischiefe had immedyatly ensued for the commons in sundry places of the Realme assembled togyther in greate companyes and chose to them a Capitaine whome they called Blewberde Blevvberde Capitaine of the Rebe◅ but ere they hadde attempted any enterprise their leaders were apprehended and so the matter pacified without any hurte committed After this little rage thus asswaged the parliament was adiourned to Leicester whyther came the King and Queene in great estate and wyth them the Duke of Suffolke as chiefe counsellors The commons of the lower house not forgetting their olde grudge besought the King that suche persons as assented to the release of Aniow and delyueraunes of Mayne might bee duely punished and to bee priuie to that sake they accused as principall the Duke of Suffolke with Iohn Bishop of Salisbury and Sir Iames Fines Lord Day and diuers other When the king perceiued that there was ◅o remedy to appease the peoples fury by any dissembling wayes to beginne a shorte way to pacifie so long an hatred hee fyste sequestred the Lorde Saye being Threasourer of England and other the Dukes adherems from their offices and toomthes and after banished the Duke of Suffolke as the abhorred tode and common noysaunce of the realme for the terme office yeares meaning by this exile to appease the furious rage of the people and after when the matter was forgotten to reuolte hym home againe but fortune woulde not that to vngracious a person shoulde so escape for when hee shipped in Suffolke intending to transporte ouer into Fraunce hee was encountred with a shippe of warre apperteyning to the Duke of Exceter Connestable of
thirde yeare of his reigne he came to Newcastell vpon Tyne Fox Bishoppe of Excester sent Ambassador into Scotlande and from thence sent in ambassade into Scotland Richard Foxe lately before made Bishoppe of Excester and with hym Richarde Edgecombe knight Controller of hys howse to conclude some peace or truce wyth king Iames of Scotlande The Englishe ambassadors were honourably receiued and louingly entertayned of the sayde King who gladlye woulde haue concluded a perpetuall peace wyth the king of England if he might haue bin licenced so to haue done but his people being stedfast in their olde accustomed vsage would not agree to any peace but yet were contented to gratifie their kyng A truce vvith Scotlande for seuen yeares that he should take truce wyth Englande for the terme of seauen yeares whyche was concluded and secrete promyse made by King Iames that he woulde not only obserue peace and continue in perfecte amitie with the king of England during his life but also would renew againe this truce now taken for other seuen yeares before the first seuen yeares wer fully expired The King of Scottes in deed was as desyrous of the Kyng of Englandes friendshippe as the Kyng of Englande was of his bicause that his subiects bare him much euill will mislyking wyth all things that eyther he coulde do or say King Henry after the returne of his Ambassadors out of Scotland came back again from Newcastell to Yorke and so towarde London and in the way being at Leycester there came to him Ambassadoures from Charles the Frenche king which declared both the recouerie of certain townes out of the handes of Maximilian kyng of Romains which he had wrongfully deteined from the crowne of Fraunce before that tyme and also that their Maister kyng Charles had nowe warres in hande agaynst Fraunces duke of Britayn bicause that he succored and mainteyned diuers noble men as the Duke of Orleans and others that were rebelles and traytors against him and the realm of France Wherfore his request was that for the olde familiaritie whiche hath bin betwixt them he woulde nowe eyther assist and helpe him or else stand as neuter betwixte them neyther helping nor yet hurting the one nor the other Vpon good and deliberate aduice takē in this matter bicause it was iudged weightie the king for answere told the French Ambassadors that he woulde neyther spare payne nor coste to sette some reasonable staye betwixte their soueraigne Lord king Charles and the duke of Britayne so that a finall ende and some perfect conclusion of frendshippe myght be hadde betwixt them And so as soone as the Frenche Ambassadoures were retourned home the Kyng sente his chaplayne Christofer Vrswyke ouer into France to king Charles as wel to shew that he was gladde of the victorye whiche he had agaynst Maximilian as to declare what a tempestuous storme of ciuile rebellion hymselfe hadde escaped and ouercome heere in Englande But the chiefest poynt of Vrswikes errande consisted in this that he shoulde intimate to the Frenche Kyng howe his maister Kyng Henrye offred himselfe as a mediatour betwixt him and the Duke of Britayne to make them friend◅ and if he perceyued that the French king gaue care hereunto then should he goe into Brit◅ to moue the Duke there to be contented that some reasonable order myghte hee taken fo◅a quietnesse to be hadde betwixte the French king and hym Whylest Vrswike was trauaylyng in thys matter according to his Commission Christofer Vrsvvicke the King came backe againe to London where hee was receyued of the Citizens wyth greate ioye and triumphe they beeing hartyly gladde and greatly reioycing that hee wyth suche good successe subdued his enimies Shortly after he delyuered the Lorde Thomas Marques Dorset out of the Tower receyuing him agayn to his former fauor old familiaritie bicause his truth and loyaltie by diuers assays and sundry arguments had bin throughly tryed and sufficiently proued In whyche meane tyme the Kyng for the greate loue that hee bare to hys wyfe Queene Elizabeth caused hir to be crowned and anointed Queene on Sainct Catherins daye in Nouember wyth all solemnitie as in suche cases appertayneth In the meane season Christofer Vrswyke accordyng to hys Commission trauayleth betweene the Frenche Kyng and the Duke of Britayne in the Kyng of Englandes name to make them friendes But although the French Kyng seemed wyllyng ynough to haue peace yet meante hee nothyng lesse in so muche that whylest hee goeth aboute with fayre wordes courteous Letters and sweet promises to keepe the King of Englande in hande to laboure a peace betwixte hym and the Brytaynes he enforceth his whole puissance to subdue them and besiegeth the citie of Nauntes And on the other part the Duke of Orleans being withdrawn to the duke of Britain and one that ruled moste about him had no liking to heare of peace but did what he coulde to hinder it The English ambassador Christoffer Vrsewike hauyng thus passed from the Frenche king to the Duke of Britaine and backe againe to the French King retourned shortely after into Englande and shewed vnto King Henrye what hee hadde done betwixt them Immediatlye after came from the Frenche King the Lorde Bernarde Daubeney a Scot borne whyche on the Frenche Kings behalfe required King Henry to make some maner of ende of those Brittishe warres whatsoeuer it were King Henry being desirous of the same sent ouer againe into Fraunce Iohn the Abbot of Abingdon sir Richard Edgecombe knight and the forenamed Christofer Vrswicke wyth full and perfect commission and long instructions howe to proceede in d◅yng of some agrement beetwixt the Frenchmenne and the Britons These orators accordyng as they hadde in commaundement first went vnto the Frenche king and after they had communed wyth him Sir Richarde Edgecombe Christofer Vrswicke departed straight to the duke of Britain in full hope to conclude a peace vpon suche offers and articles as they had to propone vnto hym But al their hope was vaine for the duke refused to agree vppon any suche articles and conditions as they offered and so without cōcluding any thyng with the Duke they returned backe into Fraunce and from thence signified to the King of Englande by letters all that they knewe or had done 1488 Edvvard lorde VVooduille ai◅ the duke of Britaine vvithout the kings consent But in the mean time Edwarde Lorde Wooduille vncle to the Queene sued to King Henrye that hee myght haue a power of men apointed to him with the whiche hee woulde steale priuily ouer without licence or passeport so that euery man shoulde thinke that he was fledde the Realme without knowlege of the king for that no warre should arise by his meanes beetwixt the Realmes of Fraunce and England and yet shuld the duke of Britaine bee aided agaynste the power of the Frenchemen whiche sought to vanquishe hym that they myght ioyne hys countrey vnto the dominion of Fraunce which in no wise ought to be suffred
Charles hadde forsaken hys daughter the Ladye Margaret and purposed to take to wyfe the Ladye Anne of Britayne bycause he was not ryche inought to maintayne the warre of hymself he sent his Ambassadour one Iames Contibald a man of great wisedome to require the King of Englande to take hys parte agaynste the Frenche King making diuers great offers on his owne behalfe if it should please hym so to do King Henry no lesse desirous than Maximilian to put the Frenche Kyng to trouble and chieflye to ayde the Britons in the extremitye of theyr businesse gladdelye consented to the request of Maximilian and promised to prepare an armye wyth all speede and in time conuenient to passe the seas with the same and inuade the Frenche territories In this very season Charles the french king Anno. re 7. receyued the Ladye Anne of Britayne as hys pupill into his hands and wyth great solempnitie hir espoused hauyng wyth hir in dower the whole Dutchye of Britayne Thus was Maximilian in a greate chafe towardes the Frenche King not only for that he had refused his daughter but also had bereeued hym of hys assured wife the sayd Lady Anne contrarie to all right and conscience Wherefore hee sente vnto king Henry desiryng hym with al speede to passe the seas with his army that they might puriue the warre against their aduersarie wyth fyre sworde and bloude King Henry hearing this and hauing no mistrust in the promisse of Maximilian with all speed leuied an army and rigged his nauye of ships and when all things were readye he sente his Aulmoner Christofer Vrswicke and sir Iohn Riseley Knyght vnto Maximilian to certifye hym that the king was in a readinesse and would arriue at Calais as soone as hee shoulde bee aduertised that Maximilian and his men were readye to ioyne wyth hym These Ambassadors comming into Flaunders perceyued that Maximilian was neyther purueyed of men money nor armoure nor of any other thyng necessarie for the setting foorth of warre saue only that his will was good allthoughe his power was smalle King Henry being aduertised hereof by letters sente to hym from hys said Ambassadors was sore disquieted in his minde and was almoste broughte to his wittes ende to consider howe his companion in armes shuld thus faile hym at neede but takyng aduise of his counsel at lengthe hee determined not to staye his prepensed iourney and therefore hee so encreased his numbers before he tooke shippe that he with his owne power might bee able to matche with his aduersaries When hee hadde thus gathered and assembled his army he sailed to Calais the sixte day of October and there encamped hymselfe for a space to see all hys men and prouision in suche redinesse as nothing shoulde bee wanting In this place all the army hadde knowledge by the Ambassadours whiche were newly retourned out of Flaunders that Maximilian coulde not sette foorthe any army â—…ilian 〈◊〉 enâ—…nes â—…eth proâ—… 〈◊〉 Henry in â—…ng vvyth â—…ade 〈◊〉 for lacke of money and therefore there was no succour to bee looked for at his hand but the Englishemen were nothyng dismayd therewith as they that iudged themselues able inough to matche with the Frenchmen without the helpe of any other nation In the meane season althoughe the Frenche King hadde an army togither bothe for number and furniture able to trye in battaile wyth the Englishemen yet hee made semblaunce as though he desired nothing more thaÌ„ peace as y e thing muche more profitable to him than warre considering the minds of the Britons were not yet wholy settled and again he was called into Italy to make warre agaynste the Kyng of Naples whose Kingdom he pretended to apperteine to hym by lawfull succession from his father King Lewes to whome Reigne Duke of Aniowe laste King of Sicill of the house of Aniowe hadde transferred hys ryghte to that kingdome as partely beefore yee haue hearde wrongfully and wythout cause disinherityng his cousin godsoune and heyre Reigne Duke of Lorraine and Bar The Lord Chordes hauing commission from his Maister the Frenche king to make some entry into a treatie for peace with the King of Englande wrote letters to him before he passed ouer to Calais signifying to hym that if it might stand with his pleasure to sende some of his counsellours to the borders of the English Pale adioining to France there shoulde bee so reasonable conditions of peace profered that he doubted not but his grace might with greate honor breake vp his campe and retire hys army home againe The King of Englande consideryng that Britaine was clearely loste and paste recouerye and that Maximilian for lacke of money and mistruste which he had in his owne Subiects lay still like a Dormouse dooing nothing and herewith waying that it shoulde be honorable to hym and profitable to his people to determine this great warre without bloudeshed appointed the Bishoppe of Exceter and Giles Lorde Daubney to passe the Seas to Calais and so to commen with the Lord Chordes of articles of peace whiche tooke effect as after ye shal perceiue In the meane time whylest the commissioners were commenyng of peace on the Marches of Fraunce the Kyng of Englande as yee haue heard was arryued at Calais from whence after all things were prepared for such a iourney hee remoued in foure battailes forewarde Bolongne besieged by the Englyshemen till he came neare to the towne of Bolongne there pitched his tentes before it in a conuenient place for hys purpose meaning to assaile the towne with his whole force and puissaunce But there was suche a strong garison of warlyke Souldyours wythin that fortresse and suche plentye of artillerye and necessarye munityons of warre that the losse of EnglishmeÌ„ assaulting the town as was doubted shuld bee greater domage to the Realme of Englande than the gayning thereof should be profite Yet the daily shotte of the kings battering peeces brake the walles and sore defaced them But when euerye man was readye to giue the assaulte a sodaine rumor rose in the army that peace was concluded whyche bruite as it was pleasaunt to the Frenchmen so was it displeasaunt to the Englishmenne bycause they were prest and ready at all times to sette on theyr enemies and brought into greate hope to haue bene enryched by the spoyle and gayne to haue fallen to their lottes of their enemies goods beside the glorious same of renowmed victorye And therefore to be defrauded hereof by an vnprofitable peace they were in a great fume and very angrye And namelye for that diuers of the captaines to set themselues and their bands the more gorgeously forward hadde borrowed large summes of money and for the repaiment had morgaged their landes and possessions and some happely had made through sales thereof trustyng to recouer all againe by the gaines of this iourney Wherefore offended wyth thys soddayne conclusion of peace they spake euill bothe of the Kyng and his counsell But the King like a wise prince
and amongst them the blacke Smith and other the chiefe Captaines which were shortely after put to death When this battel was ended the K. wanted of al his numbers but three hundred which were slayne at that conflict Some affirme that the King appointed to haue fought with them not till the Monday and preuenting the time set on thē on the Saterday before taking the vnprouided and in no aray of battel and so by that policie obteyned the field and victory The prisoners as well captaines as other were pardoned sauing the chiefe captaynes and first beginners to whome hee shewed no mercye at all Iames Lorde Audeley beheaded The L. Audeley was drawen frō Newgate to the Tower hill in a coate of hys owne armes paynted vppon paper reuersed and all to torne and there was beheaded the four and twētith of Iune Tho. Flammock Mighel Ioseph were hanged drawen and quartered after y e maner of Traitors and their heads and quarters were pitched vpon stakes and set vp in Londō and in other places Although at the first the K. meant to haue sent thē into Cornewal to haue bin set vp there for a terror to all others but hearing that the Cornishmen at home were readie to begin a new cōspiracy least he should y e more irritate and prouoke them by that displeasaunte sight he changed his purpose for doubte to wrap himselfe in more trouble than needed Foxe bishop of Durham The Bishop of Durham Richard Foxe being owner of that Castell had well furnished it both with men and munitions aforehand doubting least that would follow which came nowe to passe The Byshoppe after that the Scottes made this inuasion aduertised the King as then being at London of all things that chanced in the North parts and sent in all post hast to y e Erle of Surrey to come to the rescue The Earle being then in Yorkeshire and hauing gathered an army vpon knowledge giuen to hym from the Byshop with al diligence marched forward and after him folowed other noble men out of all the quarters of the North euerye of them bringing as many men as they coulde gather for defence of their countrey Amongst whom the chiefe leaders were these Raufe Erle of Westmerlād Thomas Lord Dacres Raufe Lord Neuill George Lord Straunge Richard Lorde Latimer George Lorde Lumley Iohn Lorde Scrope Henrye Lorde Clifford George Lord Ogle William Lord Conyers Thomas Lord Darcy Of Knightes Thomas Baron of Hilton Sir William Percy Sir William Bulmer Sir William Gascoigne Sir Raufe Bigod Sir Raufe Bowes Sir Tho. a Parre Sir Raufe Ellecker Sir Iohn Connestable Sir Iohn Ratclif Sir Iohn Sauill Sir Tho. Strangweys a great nūber of other knightes and Esquiers besydes The whole armye was little lesse than twentie thousand men beside the nauie whereof the Lord Brooke was Admirall When the Scottes had diuers wayes assaulted and beaten the Castell of Norham but coulde make no batrie to enter the same they determined of their owne accorde to reyse the siege and returne and that so much the sooner in very dede bycause they heard that the Erle of Surrey was within two dayes iourney of them with a great puissance Wherefore King Iames reysed hys siege and returned home into his owne Realme When the Earle knew of the Kings returne he followed him with all hast possible trustyng surely to ouertake him and to giue him battayle When the Earle was entred Scotlande he ouerthrewe and defaced the Castell of Cawdestreymes the tower of Hetenhall the tower of Edingtō the tower of Fulden and he sent Norrey King at armes to the Captayne of Hayton Castel whiche was one of the strongest places betwixt Berwike and Edēburgh to deliuer him the Castel which he denied to do affirming that he was sure of speedie succours The Erle heerevpon layde his ordinance to the Castel and continually beate it from two of the clock till fiue at night in such wise that they within rendered vp the place their liues only saued The Earle caused his miners to rase and ouerthrow y e fortresse to the playn groūd The Scottish K. was w tin a mile of the siege both knew it sawe y e smoke but would not set one foote forward to y e rescue While the Earle lay at Hayton the K. of Scottes sent to him Machemont and an other Herrauld desiring him at his election eyther to fight with whole puissance against puissance or else they two to fight person to person requiring that if the victorie fell to the Scottish K. that then the Earle should deliuer for his raunsome the town of Berwike with the fishgarthes of the same The Earle made aunswere heereto that the Towne of Berwike was the Kyng his maisters and not his the whiche hee neyther oughte nor woulde lay to pledge without the King of Englands assent but he woulde guage his bodie which was more precious to him than all the townes of the worlde promising on hys honour that if he tooke the king prisoner in that singular combate he would release to him all his part of his fine and raunsome and if it chaunced the king to vanquish him hee woulde gladly pay such raunsome as was conuenient for the degree of an Earle and thanked him greatly for the offer for surely he thought himselfe much honored that so noble a Prince woulde vouchsafe to admit so poore an Erle to fight with him body to body When he had rewarded and dismissed the Heraulds he set his armie in a readinesse to abide the comming of the king of Scots and so stoode all day But K. Iames not regarding his offers wold neyther performe the one nor the other fearing to cope with the English nation in anie cōdition and so therevpon fled in the night season with all his puissance Whē the Erle knew that the king was reculed and had beene in Scotlande sixe or seuen dayes being dayly and nightly vexed with continuall wind and raine vpon good and deliberate aduise returned backe to the town of Berwik and there dissolued his armie tarying there himself till hee might vnderstande further of the Kings pleasure This Spanish Ambassador so earnestly trauailed in his message to the king of Scottes that at length he found him conformable to his purpose and therfore wrote to the king of England that it would please him to sende one of his Nobilitie or counsayle to be associate with him in concluding of peace with the Scottish king The king of England was neuer daūgerous to agree to any reasonable peace so it mighte stand with his honour and therfore appoynted the Bishop of Durham doctor Fox to go into Scotland about that treatie which Peter Hyalas had begon The Bishoppe according to his commission went honorably into Scotland where he Peter Hyalas at the town of Iedworth after iōg arguing and debating of matters with the Scottishe Commissioners in steade of peace concluded a truce for certaine yeares vppon condition that Iames king of Scottes
bin fought for safegard of the ordinance The body of the King of Scottes was not fouÌ„d til the next day The body of King Iames found and then being founde and knowen by the Lord Dacres there appeared in the same diuers deadly woundes and especially one with an arrow and an other with a bill The same day there appeared some Scottes on an hill but one William Blacknall that had the chiefe rule of the ordinaunce caused suche a peale to be shot off at them that the Scots fled or else the L. Admiral which was come to view the fielde had bin in great daunger as was supposed but now that the Scottes were fled and withdrawen all the ordinance was broughte in safetie to Eytil and there remayned for a tyme. After that the Earle of Surrey had taken order in al things and set the North parts in good quiet he returned to the Queene with the dead body of the Scottish King cired When the King was returned into EnglaÌ„d from his conquest made in Fraunce of the Cities of Tirwine and Tourney hee forgate not the good seruice of those that hadde bin with the Erle of Surrey at the battaile of Bramxton wherefore hee wrote to them hys louing letters with such thankes and fauourable wordes that euery man thought himselfe well rewarded 1514 And on the day of the purification of our Lady at Lambeth the K. created the Erle of Surrey Duke of Norffolke with an augmentation of the armes of Scotlande sir Charles Brandon vicount Lisle he created Duke of Suffolke and the Lord Howard high Admirall he created Earle of Surrey and sir Charles Sommerset Lord Herbert his chief Chamberlaine he created Erle of Worcester and after this hee also made sir Edward Stanley for his good seruice shewed at Bramxston field Lorde Mountaigle and in Marche following was maister Tho. Wolsey the Kings Almoner consecrate Byshop of Lincolne Wolsey described This man was borne at Ypswich was a good Philosopher very eloquent ful of witte but passingly ambitious as by his doings it wel appeared In y e time of K. Henry the seauenth it was agreed betwixt the said K. and Philip K. of Castile that Charles King Philips eldest son shoulde marrie the Lady Mary daughter to the said K. Henrye with a dower to hir appoynted but for want of sufficieÌ„t assurance of the dower the rest of the couenaunts were made voyd and yet had the K. highly prouided for the sending of hir ouer now after his coÌ„ming from Tourney This yeare the Citizens of London finding themselues greeued with the inclosures of y e coÌ„mon fields about Islington Enclosures of the fields about London cast downe ouerthroweÌ„ Horston Shordich other places neere to the Cities whereby they could not be suffered to exercise their bowes nor other pastimes in those fields as before time they had bin accustomed assembled themselues one morning and wente with spades and shouels vnto the same fields and there like diligeÌ„t workmen so bestirred themselues that within a short space al the hedges about those townes wer cast downe and the ditches filled The kings counsaile comming to the grey Friers to vnderstand what was meant by this doing were so answered by the Maior counsaile of the citie that the matter was dissimuled and so when the workemen hadde done their worke they came home in quiet maner the fields were neuer after hedged In the moneth of May An. reg â—… the K. and the newe D. of Suffolke were defenders at the tilte against al commers At those iustes were broken a C. and .14 speares in a short season A cap of mâ—…tenance seâ—… the king 〈◊〉 the Pope The ninetenth day of May was receiued into London cap of maintenance sent from Pope Iuly with a great company of nobles Gentlemen whych was presented to the K. on the sonday theÌ„ nexte ensuing with great solemnitie in the Cathedrall Churche of S. Paule About the same time the warres yet continuing betwene Englande and France Prior Iehan of whome ye haue hearde before in the fourth yeare of this Kings raigne greate Captaine of the Frenche nauie with hys galeis foistes charged with great basilisks and other artillerie came on the bordure of Sussex in the nighte season Brighthelmston in Sâ—… brent at a poore village there called Brighthelmston brente it taking suche goodes as he found But when people began to gather by firing the beacons Prior Iehan sounded hys trumpet to call his menne aboorde and by that time it was day Then certain archers that kept the watch followed Prior Iehan to y e sea shot so fast y t they bet the galey men from the shore wounded many in the foist to the whiche Prior Iehan was coÌ„streined to wade Prior Ieâ—… Captaine oâ—… the French galleys shâ—… into the eyâ—… with an arrâ—… and was shot in the face with an arrow so that he lost one of hys eyes was like to haue died of the hurt therefore he offered his image of waxe before our Lady at Bulleine with the Englishe arrow in the face for a miracle The L. Admiral offended w t this proude parte of the french men in makyng such attempt on y e English coastes sent sir Iohn Wallop to the sea with diuers shippes whyche sayling to the coasts of Normandie laÌ„ded there Sir Iohn Wâ—…lop in Normandy brente .21 villages townes with diuers ships in y e haueÌ„s of Treaport Staples other where Men maruelled greatly at the manfull doyngs of sir Iohn Wallop considering he had not past an eight C. men and tooke land there so often In Iune Sir Tho. Louel was sent ouer to Calais with sixe hundred meÌ„ to strengthen that towne other the fortresses within the English pale for doubt of any suddaine attempte to bee made by the Frenchmen bycause Monf de PoÌ„tremie with a mighty army great ordinance was come downe neere to Arde howbeit he tarried not long but reised his camp within a while after his coÌ„ming thither and returned without any more doing The freÌ„ch K. perceiuing what losses he had susteined by y e warres against EnglaÌ„d 〈◊〉 French procuâ—… the Pope 〈◊〉 a mene â—…eace beâ—… king 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 and doubting least one euil luck should still followe in the necke of an other determined to make sute for peace and first agreing with Pope Leo desired him to bee a meane also for y e procuring of some agreement betwixte him and the K. of England HerevpoÌ„ the vessell of amitie being first broched by the Popes letters the french K. by an Herrault at armes sent to the King of England required of him a safeconduit for his Ambassadors which should come to entreate for a peace atonement to be concluded betwixt theÌ„ and their realmes Vpon grant obteined thereof the french K. sent a commission with the presideÌ„t of Roan and others to intreate of peace and aliance betwixte
〈◊〉 neare â—…ace learned men Shortly after his â—…iuall at Calais thither came the Chancellor of France and the counte de Palice with foure C. horse as Ambassadors from the French K. and likewise from the Emperoure came great Ambassadors either partie beeing furnished with sufficient coÌ„missions to treate conclude of peace as should appeare but yet wheÌ„ it came to the point as the one partie seemed conformable to reasonable offers so the other would not encline that way in so much that they were neuer at one time agreeable to anye indifferente motion that coulde bee made Ther were also the Pâ—…pes Ambassadors wherevpon the Cardinall would haue furthered a league betwixte the Emperour the K. of England the King of France and the Pope but the Popes Ambassadors wanted commission thereto and therefore were letters sent to Rome in all hast and the frenchmen taried stil in Calais till answere came from thence The Cardinall rode into Flanders to speake with y e Emperour whiche as theÌ„ lay in Bruges A mile without Bruges the Emperoure receiued him and did to hym as much honour as could be deuised The wâ—…re was great which was made to the Englishmen and of euery thing there was suche plentie that there was no wante of things necessary The Emperor â—…eth the Cardinal with 〈◊〉 honor â—…nges The Cardinal after he had soiouened in Bruges by y e space of thirtene dayes concluded diuers matters with the Emperour accomplished his coÌ„mission he tooke leaue of his maiestie and by coÌ„uenient iourneis returned to Calais where the Ambassadors of France tarried his comming immediately after his returne to Calais he treated with them of peace but not so earnestly as he did before In fine nothing was concluded but only that fishermen of both the Princes myght freely fishe on the seas without disturbance till y e second of February next When no conclusioÌ„ of agreement could be accorded the Cardinall sent to the Emperour the Lord of S. Iohns and sir Tho. Bullein Knight to aduertise his maiestie what had bin done and likewise to the FreÌ„ch K. as then lying in camp with a mightie army in the marches about Cambrey the Erle of Worcester and the B. of Ely were sente to enforme him of all things that had bin mocioned exhorting him to encline to peace but hee gaue little tare thereto and then after they had bin a nynetene or twenty dayes in his bost they returned During the coÌ„tinuance of the Cardinall in Calais Cardinall Wolsey carieth the great seale with him to Calais and there sealeth writtes and patents all writtes and patents were there by hym sealed and no Sheriffes chosen for lacke of hys presence hauing there with him the great seale ful power in things as if the King had bin there in person Ambassadors comming from the K. of Hungary towardes the K. of England were receiued honorably of the Cardinall during his abode in Calais After the returne of the English Ambassadors which the Cardinall had sent to y e Emperour Polidor and to the french K. he returned into Englande hauing as some write concluded a new league with the Emperour and signified by way of intendment to the french K. in the treatie with his Ambassadors that the K of EnglaÌ„d meane him not so muche friendship as of late he had done for diuers causes but specialy this was vttered that where it was concluded that the K. of Scottes should be included within the league as before ye haue heard contrary to that agreement the saide K. refused to enter as a confederate into the same league and this no doubt proceded through counsell of y e french by whome he was wholly guided This quarrell was layd as an occasion way to moue the K. of Englande perceiuing himselfe to bee dissembled with to withdraw his good wil from the French K. who when he vnderstood the drifts of the Cardinall conclusion of the new league conâ—…emed betwixt the K. of Englande and the Emperour he condemneth the Cardinall of vntroth accuseth hym of dissimulation abhorreth his practises as by y e whiche he lost the fruition of the K. of Englande his friendship and might no longer enioy it and heerewith hee determined with himselfe neuer to put confidence in any English man after nor to bestow any giftes or pensions vpon them for he vsed yearely to sende vnto diuers of the Kynges counsaile after the maner of his predecessors sundry giftes and summes of money and bicause he had imployed more on the Cardinall than on y e residue he was the more offended towarde hym as the head of all this iniurious doing Yet bee found not himselfe so muche greeued as to vtter any bitter words towards the K. but contrarily within a while after directed his leters vnto him signifying that he meant to continue the league as his friend but it may be he did this after a dissembling sort bicause he would not be at warres with two so mightie Princes at one tyme. In this meane while Hote warres betweene the Emperor and the french K. the warre was pursued betwixt the Emperour and the French Kyng as well on the confynes towards Flanders as beyond the Mountaynes in the parties of Lombardy Tourney besieged by the Emperor hys men Tourney was besieged by the Lorde Hugh de Moncada a Spanyard the whyche commyng vppon the suddayne tooke manye abrode the 〈◊〉 fields ere they knew of his approch after this comming afore y e Citie he enuironed it with a siege to keepe the Citizens from stirring forth and seÌ„t part of his army with y e light horsemeÌ„ to forley the streetes and passages that no succour should come to them within The Frenche Kyng assembled an armye in hope to aide them of Tourney with men munitions and vittailes the whiche armye assayed twice or thrice with all indeuour to haue approched the Citie but in vayne for with no small losse the Frenche were repulsed by the imperials which neuertheles felt their part of slaughter Hall losing sundry of their Captaynes as basterd Emery and the Captaine of Gaunt Finally the French army brake vp and was dispersed into fortresses Tourney deliuered vp to the Emperor wherevppon they of Tourney perceiuing the succours which they hoped for to faile them thus at neede rendred the Citie to the Emperour the last of NoueÌ„ber in this thirtenth yere of King Henries raigne Polidor Cardinal Wolsey maketh meanes to be elected Pope Pope Leo died this yere and doctor Richarde Pace was sent to Rome to make friends in the behalfe of y e Cardinal of Yorke who was brought into a vayne hope through the kings fauour and furtherance to be elected Pope but Adrian y e sixthe of that name was chosen before Doctor Pace could come to Rome and so that sute was dashed Yet Pace kept forthe his iourney according to his commission This Pace was a right worthye man The description of
rested a while there to refreshe them Braunches of trees hee commaunded euerye man to get a bough of some tree or other of that wood in his hand as bigge as he might beare and to march forth therwith in such wise that on the next morow they might come closely and without sight in thys manner within viewe of hys enimies On the morow when Makbeth beheld them comming in this sort hee first marueyled what the matter ment but in the end remembred himselfe that the prophecie which he had hearde long before that time of the comming of Byrnane wood to Dunsinnane Castell was likely to bee now fulfilled Neuerthelesse he brought hys men in order of battell Makbeth setteth his men in order of battel Makbeth fleeeth and is pursued of Makduffe and exhorted them to doe valiantly howbeit his enimies had scarcely cast from them their boughes when Makbeth perceiuing their numbers betook him streight to flight whom Makduffe pursued with great hatred eueÌ„ till he came vnto Lunfannain where Makbeth perceiuing that Makduffe was hard at his back leapt beside his horse saying thou traytor what meaneth it that thou shouldest thus in vaine follow me that am not appoynted to be slain by any creature that is borne of a woman come on therefore and receyue thy rewarde which thou hast deserued for thy paynes and therewithall he lyfted vp his sworde thinking to haue slaine him But Makduffe quickly auoyding from his horse ere he came at him answered with his naked sworde in his hande saying it is true Makbeth and now shall thine insatiable crueltie haue an ende for I am euen he that thy wysards haue tolde the of who was neuer borne of my mother but ripped out of hir wombe therewithall he stept vnto him slue him in the place Makbeth is slaine Then cutting his heade from the shoulders hee set it vpon a poll and brought it vnto Malcolme This was the end of Makbeth after he had raigned .xvij. yeares ouer the Scottishmen In the beginning of his raigne he accomplished many worthie actes right profitable to the common wealth as ye haue heard but afterwarde by illusion of the diuell he defamed â—…he same with most terrible crueltie He was slaine in the yeare of the incarnation 1057. and in the .xvj. 1057. Io. Ma. 1061. H.B. 8. H.B. yeare of king Edwardes raigne ouer the English men MAlcolme Cammore thus recouering the realme as ye haue hearde by support of king Edward in the .xvj. Malcolme yeare of the same Edwards raign he was crowned at Scone the .xxv day of April in the yeare of our Lorde .1057 Immediately after his coronation he called a Parliament at Forfair A Parliament at Forfair in the which he rewarded them with landes and liuings that had assisted him agaynst Makbeth aduauncing them to fees and offices as he saw cause and commaunded that specially those that bare the surname of any office or landes shoulde haue and enioye the same He created many Earles Lordes Barons and Knightes Thanes changed into Earles Many of them that before were Thanes were at this time made Earles as Fife Menteth Atholl Leuenox Murray Cathnes Rosse and Angus These were the first Earles that haue beene heard of amongest the Scottishe men as their hystories make mention Many new surnames were takeÌ„ vp at this time amongst them Surnames as Cauder Lokart Gordon Seyton Lauder Wawane Meldrun Schaw Leirmouth Libertoun Strachquhen Cargill Rattrey Dundas Cockbourne Myrtoun MenÈeis Abercrummy Lesly with many other that had possessions giuen to them which gaue names to the owners for the time Others got their surnames by offices as Stewarde Durwarde and Banerman Also the proper names of many valiant captaynes were turned into generall surnames as Kennedy Graham Hay with dyuerse other to long here to rehearse So that it came to passe then as it hath done many tymes sithence that new surnames haue worne the olde out of vse In the foresayde Parliament thus holden at Forfair in the beginning of his raign there were many holesome ordinances established both apperteyning to ciuill administration and also to the ecclesiasticall iurisdiction In rewarde also of Makduffes seruice Makduffes Earle of Fife his aduauncement who as ye haue heard chiefly ayded him to the atteyning of the crowne he honoured him and his posteritie with three sortes of priuiledges Fyrst that the Earle of Fife for the tyme being Priuiledges graunted vnto Makduffes lynage at the coronation of a king should by his office set the crowne on the kings head The second was that when the king should giue battaile to his enimies the same Earle should leade the vauntgard of his host The thirde that the lynage of Makduffe should enioy regall authoritie and power within al their lands roomthes as to appoynt officers and iudges for the hearing and determining of all matters and controuersies treason onely excepted and that if any of their men or tenants were called to answere in any Court out of their circuit they might appeale to their owne iudges to bee appoynted as before is expressed Iohannes Maior wryteth in his Chronicle Iohannes Maior that the thirde priuiledge which Malcolme graunted vnto this Makduffe and his posteritie was this that for euery Gentleman that any of theÌ„ should hap to kill by chaunce medley and not vpon pretensed malice for the summe of .xxiiij. markes he should redeeme his punishment due for the same for the casuall slaughter of a meaner person he should be fined at .xij. Markes so that murtherers were wont to say that if they were able to pay that summe vnto the Kynboc then ought to be released of further punitian by Makduffes priuiledge But this third priuiledge togither with the other two former grauntes the sayde Maior sore reproueth and not without cause as maye appeare considering the naturall inclination of that people vnto murther which by this meanes nourishing secrete hatred and malice in theyr heartes might vnder the clokeÌ„ of casuall falling out slea whom they lusted It was ordeyned also at this Parliament that Barons which had liberties within theÌ„selues Gybets and draw welles should make gybbets whereon men that deserued death shoulde suffer execution and also draw Welles wherein women that were condemned should be drowned according to the order of the ciuill lawes vsed in Scotland Makbethes lawes abrogated Moreouer all the lawes that Makbeth had ordeyned were abrogate at this Parliament Thus whilest Malcolme was busied in setting orders amongst his subiects tydings came that one Lugtake surnamed the foole Luktake being eyther the sonne or as some write the cousin of the late mentioned Makbeth was conueyed wyth a great number of such as had taken part with the sayde Makbeth vnto Seone Lugtake crowned at Scone and there by their support receyued the Crowne as lawfull inheritor thereto To appease this businesse was Makduffe Earle of Fife sent with full commission in the kings name Lugtake
is slaine who encountering with Lugtake at a vyllage called Essen in Bogdale slue him and discomfited his whole power ordring the matter with them in such wise that afterwardes there was no more trouble attempted in that behalfe After this the realme continued in peace certaine yeares A bande of theeues till it chaunced a great number of theeues and robbers assembling themselues togither at Cocbourne pethes did much hurt by robbing and spoyling the people in the countreys of Mers Patrike Dunbar vanquisheth the theeues and robbers of the countrey and Louthian howbeit at length one Patryke Dunbar of Dunbar by commaundement of the king fought with them slue their captaine with six hundred of his companie and tooke fourscore prisoners the which he caused to be hanged And thus hauing deliuered the countrey of those pyllers with losse of fortie of his owne men hee returned to the king with the head of the captain of that route Patrike Dunbar Earle of March so that for his manhood herein shewed he was made by the king Earle of March and for the maintenaunce of his estate had the landes of Cocbourne pethes giuen to him and his heyres for euer vpon this condition that in tymes comming the Earles of March shoulde purge Mers and Lonthian of all theeues and robbers In memorie whereof The heade of a theefe or fellon giuen in armes hee was commaunded to beare in his armes a fellons heade sprinckled with bloud Shortly after he got knowledge howe there were certaine Gentlemen that had conspired to a slea him conspiracie and therefore taking occasion to goe a hunting where this act should haue bene executed he calleth the chiefe authour of the conspiracie apart into a certaine valley which was closed on euery side with thick woods and there brake the matter vnto him in reprouing him right sharply for that hee had so trayterously conspired hys death whose preseruation hee ought chieflye to haue wished considering the manifolde benefites he had receyued at his handes The manly courage of K. Malcolme And herewith leaping from his horse drew his sword commaunding the other likewise to draw his that 〈◊〉 hauing conuenient time and place thereto they might trie the matter betwixt them who should be thought most worthie of life by opeâ—… force of knightly prowes The conspirator hearing these wordes as a man altogither astonished fell downe vpon hys knees at the kings feete beseeching his grace of mercie for his wicked purpose and haynous offence who seeing him thus penitent bad him arise and sayde I am content hereupon to forgiue thee so that thou be not of counsell hereafter in any such trayterous practise Whylest things passed thus in Scotlande great and marueylous chaunces came to passe within the Realme of Englande For after the death of king Edward surnamed the Confessor See more here of in England Harold the sonne of Earle Eoodwin tooke vpon him the kingdome But William bastard Duke of Normandie pretending tytle to the crowne of Englande at length inuaded the land â—…eaing Harold in fielde made a full conquest of the realme and was crowned king at London by Eldred Archbishop of Yorke Here ye haue to vnderstand that king Edwarde in his life time had sent for his nephew Edwarde the sonne of his brother Edmonde Ironside to come home forth of Hungarie whither after his fathers deceasse he and his brother Edwin had beene sent away as in the Hystorie of Englande it appeareth more at large This Edwarde had maried the daughter of the Emperour Henrie named Agatha William Malmesbury sister to the Queene of Hungarie and not the king of Hungaries daughter although the Scottishe writers do so affirme By hir he had issue a sonne named Edgar and two daughters the one named Margaret and the other Christyne Hector Boetius King Edward ment that his nephew the sayd Edwarde shoulde haue succeeded him and as some wryte he would in his life time haue resigned the crown vnto him But he a thing worthie of admiration vtterly refused it and would not once meddle therewith during his vncles life rynce and as it chaunced he died whilest his vncle king Edward was yet liuing His sonne Edgar therefore to whom it seemed that the crowne was due when he sawe the realme conquered by the Nâ—â—mans dispairing to recouer it out of their hands got a ship and determined with his mother and sisters to passe ouer into Germanie to his friends and kinsfolk there The Queenes Ferrye but by contrary winds he was driuen a shore in the Forth at a place called vnto this day the Queenes ferrye Malcolme being at the same time at Dunfermâ—…ling when he heard of the arriuall of this ship and vnderstoode what they were that were abourd in hir he resorted thither with an honourable coÌ„panie about him to visit them for honors sake vpon fauour he bare towards them for that they were discended of that noble Prince king Edwarde in whom afore time he had founde so much gentlenesse and friendship Finally when he vnderstood their estate hee brought theÌ„ home with him to his palace shewing them all the loue and friendship he could deuises and in the end coÌ„sidering the excellent beautie wisdome noble qualities of the lady Margaret eldest sister vnto the same Edgar Malcolm Cammore marieth Margaret sister to Edgar Atheling he required of Agatha hir mother to haue hir in mariage wherevnto Agatha gladly condiscended Shortly after with an assemble of all the nobles of Scotland this mariage was made solemnised after the Octaues of Pasch in the yeare 1067. 1067. H. B. with al ioy and triumph that might be deuised King William the Conqueror of England being enformed hereof feared least this alliance betwixt Malcolm and Edgar might breed some trouble disquietnesse to his estate sith the same Edgar had many friendes through all the partes of England To preuent therfore the occasions of intestine trouble he confined all the lynage of the foresayd Edgar English men fled into Scotlande by reason whereof a great number of Englishe men came into Scotlande vnto king Malcolme and many of them obteyning liuings at his handes remayned there continually during their liues leauing to their posteritie their names and possessions Amongst whoÌ„ were these Lindsey Vaus Ramsay Louell Towris Surnames of English men in Scotland Prestoun SandelaÌ„ds Bissart Sowlis Wardlaw Maxwel with diuerse other There came diuerse also oute of Hungarie with Queene Margaret who likewise left theyr names to their families Surnames of Hungarians which yet remaine euen vnto this day as Creichtoun Fotringham Giffart Meluil Borthwike and other Also there haue come at sundrie seasons out of Fraunce diuerse surnames into Scotlande as Fraseir Sinclare Boswell Mowtray Surnames of French men Mountgummery Campbel Boys Betoun or Betuin Taillefer and Bothwell besides sundrie other whiche were but superfluous to rehearse at this tyme. But to the order of the