above 500 so small a number could they have forced the Town if God had not been with them and fought for them and delivered these Massacrers of their Brethren into their hands to revenge the blood they had so inhumanly and without cause spilt Although this war continued but three months it was nevertheless very bloody for the enemies of the Vaudois lost in the several rencounters and battels we have spoke of more than 4000 men of which the greatest part were of the number of the Massacrers who were sent to God in a short time to give an account of their barbarities and cruelties towards these poor Innocents The Vaudois during the whole war lost not above ninety five men reckoning in this number the forty who were killed with Captain Iayer by a signal piece of treachery of which we have spoke above And this is very remarkable that the enemies of the Vaudois never had any advantage over them but by their treachery and perfidiousness in violating the publick Faith and Treaties but when they were upon their guard and fought for the maintenance of their Religion they were always victorious over their enemies and as they maintained the celestial verity contained in the Holy Scriptures so Heaven took them under its protection and defended their Cause God covered them with his Buckler every where where they went and fought for them giving them courage and striking their enemies with confusion and terror otherwise they had never gained so many victories who as I said before were oftentimes more than an hundred to one The Duke of Savoy seeing that neither the Massacre he had made of the Vaudois nor the war that had followed the Massacre had answered his designs and the Consederates expectation was desirous of a peace and was very willing to be sollicited by the Protestant Princes and States to condescend to it for it was probable if he had continued the war three months more he would have been obliged to ask it of those he had been so unjust to His Army was very much weakned and that of the Vaudois was very well reinforced Of the 1200 Irish which in the beginning of the war were planted there 800 were cut off at St. Secundus and the rest either perished of Distempers or in other battels that they fought in afterwards the French Troops were retreated and the Lieutenant Collonel of the Regiment of Bararia and many of his best Officers and more than 200 common Soldiers were killed in this war and besides all this he had lost more than 3000 of his own Troops The Army of the Vaudois when the Peace was made consisted of 1800 men and encreased every day many famous Officers and Protestant Soldiers out of France joyning them in this Holy War and if the Vaudois when they were but between 500 and 600 always were victorious over their Enemies and in spight of all their opposition had recovered all they had lost it might reasonably be hoped that in three months more they might have quite destroyed the Enemies Army or at least have driven them out of the Valleys The Ambassadors of the Protestant Cantons had been a good while at Turin for to assist these poor people they offered their mediation for a lasting peace but the Duke excused himself saying That he had long ago reserred that affair to the King of France and that he durst not take it out of the hands of so great a King That which obliged the Duke to speak so was that he knew the King of France was perfectly linked to him by interest and that he had lent him his Troops and that he being the Umpire betwixt him and the Vaudois he would decide more for his advantage than for that of the Vaudois Monsieur de Servient the Ambassador of the King of France in that Court was the Mediator of peace and Monsieur de Servient knowing that the Ambassadors from Cromwell and the States of Holland were upon their journey to be employed upon that affair and that these two States had made great Collections for the Vaudois and that the Protector of England did very much interest himself in the business the better to please the zealous Protestants of England did precipitate the peace and conclude it before their arrival at Turin There is no doubt to be made but that if these Ambassadors had arrived before the conclusion of the peace that it would have been much more advantagious to the Vaudois than it was they would have obtained a restitution of all that had been unjustly taken from them by the order of Gastaldo and have forced them to demolish the Fort of Tour without suffering the Duke to build another 'T is true that by a private Article they were promised the Fort should be demolished and in effect it was done after the peace but it was but to build another more strong in the place where the Old first was which the Predecessors of the Vaudois had caused to be pulled down and even this was against the promise made to them that they should not build another The Duke gave them a Patent signed at Pignerol the 9th of August 1655. by which he pardoned the Vaudois for taking up Arms against him he established them in their Goods and Priviledges and in a free exercise of their Religion except in some places excepted in the Patent The Ambassador of France and the Ministers of the Duke drew the Patent so for to desend as they said the Honour of his Royal Highness but to defend the honour of their Prince they made innocent Subjects who had been unjustly Massacred and chased out of their Country to pass for Rebels and to be reputed Criminals and they deprived them of certain places which they had enjoyed from Father to Son many ages even before the Dukes of Savoy were Princes of Piemont and in which places they were confirmed by the Concessions and Declarations of the Predecessors of his Highness and which he himself had confirmed in the year 1653. CHAP. XVII Containing the wicked Artifices of which the Enemies of the Vaudois made use of for to compleat the destruction of those that had escaped the Massacre and War of 1655. With the breaking of the Peace of Pignerol THE Duke of Savoy and his Council not being able to destroy the Vaudois neither by the Massacre they had made of them nor by the cruel and continual war instead of letting them live in peace after the treaty of Pignerol as they had promised the Ambassadors the took more cunning and subtile ways but which were not less dangerous and diabolical for to destroy the remainder of these poor distressed Innocents The first artifice their enemies made use of to destroy them was to set them together by the ears about the Charitable Collections that were made for them in foreign Countries by spreading round about a report of a great abuse pretended to be committed in the distribution of the mony to this
Marquess of Fleuri had had ill Success in all his designs thought it was requisite to change the General and so the Mraquess was recalled to Court and the Marquess of St. Damian was put in his place who made a Levy of a greater Army than before but with worse Success The Soldiers seeing that in this War nothing could be got but blows the first having carried away all the Booty went only by force to this War and where they found any resistance they turned their backs and fled from the Vaudois their Officers being not able to stay their Flight CHAP. XIX The Second Peace made betwizt Charles Emanuel and the Vaudois by the mediation of the Protestant Cantons in the month of February 1664. which has continued till the year 1686. during which time the Vaudois did signal Service to the Duke of Savoy THE War of the year 1663. having had as ill Success as that of the year 1655. the Duke of Savoy would have been glad of Peace but he durst not ask it of the Vaudois for fear it should shew his weakness or at least he should be obliged to grant them more than he had done by his former Patent granted at Pignerol because of the Advantages they had gained over him For this Prince had drained his Revenues ruined by these Wars a part of his Dukedom lost more than 4000 men and the Vaudois but sixty They durst go no more into the Mountains to seek them and the Vaudois often descended into the Plains to attack their Enemies who being struck with a pannick Fear because of the many Victories of the Vaudois fled before them like a Flock of Sheep before a Troop of hungry enraged Wolfs The Suisse having private notice that the Duke was weary of the War sent an honourable Embassy to to sollicit a peace between the Vaudois and their Prince the Ambassadors came to Turin the 15th of December 1663 and were very well received by the Duke and the whole Court which was not so in the year 1655. after the Massacre nor in the year 1686. when the Duke was leagued with the King of France for the destruction of the Vaudois and to force them to go to Mass as he in the precedent year had forced the Protestants of France This good reception of the Ambassadors made it clear that the Duke was weary of the War and willing to make a Peace after they had had Audience they sent their Secretary to the Valleys to tell the Vaudois that they should send their Deputies to Turin who being arrived there a solemn Promise was made them that during the Treaty there should be no more Acts of Hostility done against the Vaudois The event made it apparent that this promise was only made them to lull them asleep that he might the better surprize them while the Treaty was on foot for by an unheard of Perfidiousness even among the most barbarous Nations notwithstanding this promise made in the presence of the Ambassadors the 21st of the same Month twelve hundred men of the lower Piemont were sent to reinforce the Army under the command of the Marquess of St. Damian and on the 25th at break of day they attacked Tillaret Angrogne Rocheplate and St. German without giving any notice that they would do any thing to the prejudice of the solemn Promise The first and strongest attack was at Tillaret where the Vaudois had like to have been born down with numbers but they of Angrogne sending them in the nick of time an hundred men this seasonable succour did so encourage them that they broke the Enemies Troops commanded by the Count of Bagnols and put them to flight and forced them to fly for safety to the Town and Cittadel of Tour in great disorder they pursued them with so much heat and vigour that many of the Vaudois entred with them pell mell into the Town and came out again without the least damage to the great astonishment of all the world and confusion of their Euemies On the side of Angrogne the Enemies could not make the Vaudois give back one foot of ground for all their furious Assaults but after having done their utmost to make them quit their post after having lost a great number of their men they most shamefully fled the Vaudois pursued them to the Plain and killed a great number of them and encamped afterwards near them upon the Plain where their Enemies durst not molest them All the harm the Vaudois suffered was on St. Germans side which was a very advantageous post and of great importance by the means of which they had till then kept clear the passage betwixt the Vallies of Lucerne and those of Perouse and St. Martin the Enemies unfortunately surprized this place which was not guarded because that Famine had obliged the Country people who believed there was no danger during the Treaty to go and seek victuals for themselves and their Families they killed there a man and two women the rest saved themselves miraculously they burnt likewise greatest part of the houses and cut down or pilled the Bark of all the Fruit Trees The Vaudois had great cause of Joy that day for that they happened to be dispersed in divers places and were not upon their Guard confiding in the solemn promise made at Turin but God not only delivered them out of the hand of their Enemies but gave them a signal victory The Enemies Army consisted of 18000 men viz. 6000 that the Marquess of St Damian had in his Army and 12000 Piemontese that had newly joined him and the Vaudois had but 700 men and on this day the latter lost but 6 men but the first according to their own relation lost fifteen hundred among whom were the Counts of St. Front and de la Trinita and many Officers of Note The Deputies of the Vaudois who were at Turin having received Intelligence of this perfidious dealing against the solemn promise desired the Lords Ambassadors from the Swisse Cantons to present their just complaints to the Duke which they did with a great deal of heat and resentment but that produced only a truce for twelve days which was at several times prolonged and renewed till the Lords Ambassadors had ended and fully concluded a peace and agreement contained in the Patent of the 14th of February 1664. by which the Vaudois were established in a full enjoyment of all their Goods and in the free exercise of their Religion in all places where it had been established by the treaty of Pignerol in the year 1655. But this Patent was no better executed and observed than the former although the Duke had engaged himself by his Letter to the Protestant Cantons the 28th of February 1664. to observe it punctually It 's no easie matter to represent here all the tricks that the Councel of the Propagation made use of to make this peace ineffectual as to the Vaudois it 's enough to say that it had been impossible for them to
end they made use of a Jesuit called Longuiel a famous Impostor who came into these Valleys and pretended he came from Longuedoc where he had as he said renounced the Roman Religion This Wolf disguised in Sheeps cloathing had obtained the School of Villar which is â—…n the center of the Valley of Lucerne There he associated to him Michael Berâ—…am of Ville Nuve in Piemont an ancient â—…ervant of the Marquess of Pianesse and â—…ith Iohn Vertu of Lucerne and Iohn â—…agnan of Provence who had been for â—…me time in those Valleys This Jesuit and his Associates did all that was possible to gain the poor and silly people of the Valleys suggesting to them that the sums gathered out of Charity were so considerable that if they were distributed according to the intentions of those that had given them every one at least would have for his share 14 or 1500 Livres and by this seditious discourse they designed to arm them one against the other and so to destroy them by their own Swords and not content with this they writ to the foreign Countrys France Swizerland Ireland and England where their Charitable Collections were gathered that the chief Inhabitants had divided it among themselves and made merry with it and let the Poor perish with hunger giving them no part and by these lies and shams they designed to hinder strangers from being any more touched with compassion of their miseries The second Artifice of their Enemies was to build a Fort at Tour against the secret Article of Pignerol in which they placed a strong Garrison as soon as it was built they committed all sorts of excesses and violences against the Vaudois taking away their Fruit and the Wine out of their Cellars pillaging likewise the moveables of their houses beating and killing whom they pleased violating their Wives and Daughters committing all sorts of Villanies and Rogueries without any remedy or the least offer of redress and to crown the misfortunes of the Vaudois the Government of the Valleys was given to the Count of Bagnols who had signalized himself so much in the Massacre in the year 1655. The third Artifice that was made use of to destroy them after the Treaty of Pignerol was to make criminal Processes against the principal of them upon false accusations before the Court of Turin against their priviledges which were that all Causes should be tried in the Valleys before the ordinary Judges if they remitted themselves to the Court of Turin they were kept two or three years prisoners sometimes without being heard where they either spent all their fortunes or died of hunger if they did not submit they were condemned to death or to the Gallies and their Goods were confiscated Those that were condemned for default if they did not forsake their Goods and Habitations they were seized on by the Souldiers of the Garrison of the Cittadel and brought into the Fortress where they made them suffer a thousand ills worse than death The fourth Artifice that the Enemies of the Vaudois made use of to destroy them was that they hindred them from keeping Schools and likewise the free use of their Religion in several places permitted by the Patent of Pignerol and established time out of mind The Vaudois seeing that the Treaty of Pignerol was broken and violated almost in every Article had recourse to their Prince and his Ministers to whom they made most humble remonstrances reiterated several times but finding that all was to no purpose they addressed themselves to Monsieur de Servient Ambassador of France who was also at Turin and had been the Mediator of the Peace they writ likewise to the Ambassadors of the Protestant Cantons that were at that Court and most humbly begged as well the Ambassador of France as those of the Swisse to interceed for them to his Royal Highness But instead of doing justice to these poor oppressed people they prepared fresh Forces to quite root them out and when they were near executing their wicked design Seignior Rica Treasurer General of the Duke came to Pignerol a Town of the King of France and near Neighbour of the Valleys where he called before him the principal Agents of all the Communities of the Valleys told them with tears in his eyes a true Popish Crocodile that he was very sorry to see them fall into inevitable ruine and that the only means to avoid it was to send a large and full deputation to Turin to his Royal Highness who was resolved to put an end to their miseries and that by the means of an humble and cordial submission which they could and ought to do they would without any doubt obtain their desires While the Treasurer General did amuse with fair words the principal Agents of the Valleys at Pignerol the Generals of the Army that was in the Valley of Lucerne called likewise before them all the chief Conductors of the Vaudois and told them that if in sign of obedience and confidence they would but guard a convey that was to be sent to the Fort of Mirebouc they might all return in peace to their Habitations The Vaudois who desired nothing but the peace and repose of their Families did what those Generals commanded believing what they said was true but the consequence made them sensible that it was only to entrap and destroy them for while one part of the Vaudois were employed in guarding the Convoy and another in getting their Families together following the Order of his Royal Highness that every one should retire home and bring back his Family and while the Principal Agents were amused and staid some at Pignerol with the Treasurer and others by the Generals of the Army the Troops of the Duke commanded by the Marquesses of Fleuri and Angrogne and by the Count of Bagnols in number more than 800 men fell upon the Valleys about break of day in four several places with great fury for to surprize and massacre the Vaudois as they had done in the year 1655. and that which made them hope for good success in their design was that they saw that these poor people were dispersed in several places and as it were lull'd asleep upon the confidence they had in the Orders of his Royal Highness and the fair promises made them by the Generals and did not in the least suspect such a piece of treachery and perfidiousness But if on the one side they separated them one from another and took from them their Chieftains that they might the more easily vanquish them So on the other side they furnished with Men and Ammunition the Fort of Mirebouc which was in the highest part of the Valley of Lucerne to stop their passage into the Delphinate and hinder them from saving themselves in the territories of France as they did in the Massacre in the year 1655. and employed them as guards for the Convey which was a double piece of treachery CHAP. XVIII Of the Eighth War made against the
upon these poor people as well by the body of the French Army as by the Detachment commanded by Melac that not being convenient for an Abridgment as this is it 's sufficient to say that the French did yield in nothing to the Cruelty Barbarity and Inhumanity of the Savoyards and Piemonteses but that which was the most astonishing was they exercised these infernal Cruelties upon people that had submitted to the orders and decrees of their Soveraign and against people that had laid down their arms and made no kind of resistance The Army of the King of France was encamped in a part of the Commuâ—…ty of Pramol called Rua about half a League from Peumian whither a part of the Communities of Pramol St. German Prarustin and Rocheplate were retreated to the number of 1500 persons men women and children the Vaudois who had so valiantly defended themselves against Villevielle seeing that the French that were encamped at Rua might fall upon them in the Rear quitted their post and put themselves into Peumian where there Brethren where and while they consulted upon the measures to be taken to defend themselves against the French who prepared themselves to come and attack them some Inhabitants of the Valleys being gained to the Enemies party came and told them that the Valleys of Angrogne and Lucerne had submitted themselves to the will of their Prince who had been gracious to them and had given them the benefit of the Edict of the 9th of April they likewise told them that none but themselves stood out and that it was impossible for them to bear the whole burthen of the war and that it was better now while it was proffered to accept of an advantageous peace This news daunted the Vaudois and made them resolve to send their Deputies with a Drum to the General of the French army to compose all matters this General who desired no better told him that the intention of his Royal Highness was to pardon them and promised them positively as well on the behalf of the Duke as of his own life and liberty with permission to return without any danger to their houses and estates provided they would speedily lay down their arms and as to what the Deputies said that they were afraid that the French being enraged at what happened at St. German should revenge themselves upon the Vaudois when disarmed he made great protestations with horrible Oaths That if all their Army went by their houses they would not kill so much as a Chick This agreement being made Catinat kept with him one of the Deputies and sent the rest to tell the Vaudois what was done and to oblige all those that were fled into the Mountains to surrender themselves the day following being the 25th of April at Peumian that every one might return to his own home after they were informed of the peace While the Vaudois gathered together at Peumian the dispersed Families Catinat gave notice of this Capitulation to Don Gabriel who sent him the same day a Courier which passed through Peumian and assured the Vaudois that were there that he was the Messenger of Peace and the day after at his return he told them that Peace was concluded they were so perswaded and secure of it that the day before they laid down their arms confiding entirely in the promises of Catinat in this estate they expected news of the Confirmation of it at Peumian but this French General observed no better the Treaty with the Vaudois that were assembled at Peumian than the General of the Duke's army did with those of Angrogne for he sent thither a Captain of the Garrison of the Fort of Perouse followed by many Dragoons he was well known to the Vaudois who afresh reiterated the assurances of Peace but they were fraudulent assurances as were those of the Generals in conclusion he put the men in one quarter and the women and children in another the French Troops being come the same time told the men they had orders to carry them back to their own houses and made them march four and four these poor people being constrained to leave their Wives and Children exposed to the Discretion of the Soldiers were conducted not to their houses as it was promised but to Don Gabriel who was encamped upon the Mountain of Vachere who ordered them to be carried Prisoners to Lucerne while they treated the men thus they experienced all that Fury and Brutality is capable to inspire enraged and insolent Soldiers with these Barbarians were not content to rob them of all their Money but they likewise violated many women and maids with circumstances that are an abomination to nature and massaceed those that fled to save their honour Catinat was not present at what was done at Peumian he left the conduct of that affair to some Officers that he might not be obliged to hear the just complaints of the Vaudois about their breach of promise and more than barbarous perfidiousness or else that he might not be spectator of the design that was upon these poor distressed people but howsoever it was it 's certain that except those women that were killed and those that escaped by flight the persecution of these Monsters and saved themselves in the neighbouring wood from the danger of the shot that was made after them to stop them all the rest were dragged into divers Prisons with monstrous Inhumanity The Valley of Perouse being reduced by the Capitulation of Peumian one part of the Fr. Army quitted that Valley and marched to joyn the Army of the Duke which was encamped upon the Mountain of Vachere and then it was that from all sides they gathered together the dispersed Vaudois and dragged them into several Prisons and Castles under pretence that they carried them to his most serene Royal Highness to beg his pardon but that which affected these poor people the more sensibly and made them the greatest object of compassion was that at their most earnest entreaty and tears they refused to put whole Families together they separated the Father from his Son and the Husband from the Wife that they might not have the means to comfort and help one another their Enemies were not content to violate the publick Faith of the Treaty and Oaths which always were counted sacred among men but they violated the Bonds of Nature and Blood to the end they might be less able to undergo the evils intended them there was a great number of Young Boys and Girls which they did not imprison but dispersed into several houses though Piemont not through a motive of equity or compassion but to make them change their Religion and to bring them up in the Roman Superstition and by this means to quite alienate their affections from their Fathers and Mothers There was yet a great number of Vaudois who had not surrendred and had not been taken prisoners those of Villar Bobbi and some other places of the Valley of Lucerne would not
enter into a treaty as the rest had done lest they should be served the same sauce Many of those of Angrogne had joyned themselves with them having seen the breach of treaty and solemn parole A great many of the Vaudois of the Valley of St. Martin had sought for themselves places to retreat in among the Woods and Rocks to save themselves from the barbarity of the French who gave no quarter The enemies resolved either by force or policy to make themselves masters of these Vaudois as well as of the other and to this end while the Duke's Army was employed against those that as yet were in Arms in the Valley of Lucerne the French returned into the Valley of St. Martin with the Marquess of Parelle a person well known to the Vaudois and very proper to perswade them this Marquess knew by experience that craft and wicked policy was a more sure method to gain their design than open force Behold here the policy or rather treachery which he made use of there were some of the chief among the Vaudois who had surrendred themselves upon the Publick Faith of the treaty and in whom the people had great confidence he made these march in the Front of the Army and clapping Pistols to their Heads not only forced them to serve for guards to the French Army to discover the Vaudois in their most secret fastnesses but also to write Letters to their Countrymen in the Valley of St. Martin to exhort them to surrender themselves to the Clemency of their Prince whose grace and favour would be extended to all that would in due time make experience of it and because the conduct hitherto made use of towards those that had hitherto surrendred might make them diffident of this sollicitation they added to many of their Letters that all prisoners speedily should be released Upon the credit of these Letters they knowing perfectly their Hands and Characters and upon the assurance that the Marquess of Parelle and the other Officers gave them of peace and the favour of their Prince many of these poor people yielded themselves up into their hands many of the rest were either taken or Massacred by the Soldiers but those that yielded and those that were taken had both the same destiny and were equally dragged with great inhumanity into several Prisons Whilst craft and cruelty despoiled the Valley of St. Martin of its Inhabitants we must go see what passed in the Valley of Lucerne The Vaudois as yet possessed two considerable Posts the one called Iaimet and the other Chamrama above Tour into which a part of those that had saved themselves from the Massacre of Angrogne had put and fortified themselves these two Posts covered Villars where there were about a thousand Souls Old Men Women and Children A detachment of the Army of the Duke supported by the Bandit's of Mondovi attacqued these two Posts where the Vandois defended themselves a whole day with a great deal of courage and extraordinary valour they killed a great number of the Enemy amongst whom were several Officers of Note the Commander of the Bandit's there also lost his life the Vaudois had but six men killed and as many wounded The Enemy being sore fatigued began to want Ammunition and began to think of a retreat but considering they might be easily pursued and defeated in their retreat they made use of this stratagem many Officers having laid their Arms and Hats upon the ground approached about the closing of the evening the retrenchment of Chamruma with a Handcherchief about the end of a stick and demanded a parley and made propositions of peace they shewed likewise a Paper and told the Vaudois that they had received Letters which brought the news that peace was made all over the Valleys that His Royal Highness had extended his grace and favour to all his Subjects and if they would not further provoke his Arms they might be comprised in it they added that they had received orders to shoot no more and to retreat and exhorted the Vaudois to do the same and accept of the clemency and favour of their Prince of which the Prodesta Prat who was there present could assure them this Prodesta who was well known to the Vaudois having joyned his protestations to those of the Officers and they having altogether promised them their lives and liberties provided they would retreat The Vaudois confiding in these promises did not only give over shooting but they gave likewise to their enemies whom they might have defeated liberty of retreating and they themselves quitted the Post being fully perswaded that peace was made Many of the Communities who surrendred themselves at Tour to enjoy the fruits of this peace were presently seized on and put in Prison The Vaudois had no sooner abandoned the Post of Chamruma but the enemies possessed it being of extraordinary importance Those that were at Iaimet and had not entred into the treaty were obliged to quit their Post because it was commanded by the other and marched to another Post near Villar the enemy followed them close and encamped themselves at Bonnet upon the avenues of Villars and Bobbi and staid there two days without giving the least disturbance to the Vaudois who were joyned and made up about four or five hundred men The Officers of the Army in the interim made them several propositions of peace promising great matters if they would surrender and terribly threatning them if they defended themselves The Vaudois made answer that they desired nothing more than peace but that the peace that was presented them was more dangerous than war since it could not be bought but at the price of their liberty that notwithstanding the peace they had promised them of Chamruma and upon confidence of which the had quitted their advantagious Post they had imprisoned all that surrendred that the example of their Brethren taught them what they must expect from such proposals This notwithstanding did not hinder many of these poor innocents from yielding themselves up to their enemies grounding their confidence upon Oath that was made them that all would quickly be set at liberty and they were only carried before his Royal Highness to make their submission and beg his pardon but these credulous innocents were likewise put in prison and treated as the rest The Vaudois being sore weakned abandoned Villars of which the enemy presently possessed themselves The Vaudois were very quiet till the fourth of May that the enemies Troops being reinforced marched to attack Bobbi where the Vaudois were retreated but they were repulsed by 150 Vaudois who were posted upon the Mountain of Subjusque and who without the loss of a man killed several Officers and a great number of Soldiers The 12th of the same month the two Armys being joined resolved to force Bobbi but the Vaudois defended it so well that after a fight that lasted a whole day their enemies were forced to retreat with great loss The day following the