Repingale borne in Lincolneshire a Carmelite or white frier as they called them Christopher Mothusensis a blacke frier Richard Aungeruile borne in Suffolke who was bishop of Duresme and lord chancellor of England Iohn Manduith Walter Heminford a canon of Gisborne an historiographer Iohn Olnie borne in Glocestershire in an I le so called whereof he tooke his surname a Chartreux moonke Thomas Staueshaw a frier Minor in Bristow Robert of Leicester taking that surname of the towne where he was borne a Franciscane or graie frier Iohn of Northhampton borne in that towne and a Carmelite frier an excellent mathematician Adde to the foresaid learned men Robert Worsop borne in Yorkeshire and a blacke frier in Tickill William Bruniard a blacke frier Richard Chichester a moonke of Westminster wrote an excellent chronicle beginning the same at the comming in of the Saxons about the yeare of our Lord 449 and continued it till the yeare 1348 Richard Rolle alià s Hampole an excellent diuine wrote many treatises Iohn Guent a Welshman a Franciscane frier and prouinciall of the order Rodulph Radiptorius a frier Minor Robert Holcoth a blacke frier borne in Northampton excellentlie learned and wrote manie works both of diuinitie and other arguments William Miluerlie a logician or rather a sophister Iohn Teukesburie Thomas Bradwardin borne in Hartfield a towne within the diocesse of Chichester archbishop of Canturburie succeeding Iohn Offord he wrote against the Pelagians Richard Wetherset William Breton a graie frier a Welshman borne as Bale supposeth Iohn of saint Faith borne in Northfolke a Carmelite frier of Brumham Furthermore Iohn Goodwicke borne also in Northfolke an Augustine frier of Lin William Rothwell a blacke frier Geffrie Waterton moonke of Burie Richard Fitz Rafe whom some take to be an Irishman but a student in Oxford and scholer to Iohn Baconthrope profited highlie wrote manie treatises he was first archdeacon of Lichfield and after chancellor of the Uniuersitie of Oxford and at length archbishop of Ardmachan in Ireland Richard Kilington a doctor of diuinitie William Grisant a notable physician surnamed of the countrie where he was borne Anglicus he led the later end of his life at Marseilles in Prouance had a son that was abbat of the regular canons of that citie who at length was aduanced to gouerne the sée of Rome named Urbane the fift Iohn Paschall borne in Suffolke a Carmelite frier in Gippeswich and by K. Edward the third preferred to the bishoprike of Landaffe Adam Woodham a frier Minor Simon Henton a blacke frier William de Pagula of Iohn Wicliffe ye haue heard before Moreouer Geffrie 〈…〉 blacke 〈◊〉 of Leicesâ—eâ— William Bintham Roger Couâ—â—wey a Welshman borne in Counwey a grey â—rier Richard Billingham William Doroch a lawier Iohn Killingworth an excellent philosopher astronomer and physician William of Couentrie a â—rier Carmeâ—ite professed and borne in the same citie Ranâ—lfe Higden a moonke of Chester and borne in thâ—se parts an historiographer Iohn Eastwood alià s 〈◊〉 an excellent philosopher Thomas Ratclife borne in Leicester line 10 and an Augustine frier in Leicester towne Bartholomew Glanuille descended of noble parentage as of the linage of those Glanuilles that were sometimes earles of Suffolke as Bale faith Robert Computista a moonke of Burie Iohn Wilton a moonke of Westminster Simon Wichingham a frier Carmelite of Norwich Iohn Deir a northerne man borne a notable diuine Furthermore Simon Iâ—â—ep founder of Canturburie colledge in Oxenford wrote diuerse treatises line 20 he was archbishop of Canturburie as before yee haue heard George Chadley Iohn of Tinmouth vicar of that towne in the bishoprike of Durham Peter Babion Walter Wiborne or Wimborne Nicholas de Lin borne in the towne of that name in Northfolke a Carmelite frier by profession but as excellent an astronomer as was in those daies Iohn Ridington borne in Lincolneshire a frier minor in Stafford Adam a moonke of the Cisteaux order Roger Wihelpedale a mathematician Simon line 30 de Feuersham parson of Birton in Kent Matthew Westmonasterienses who wrote the booke called Flores historiarum Iohn Elin a Carmelite borne in Northfolke liued in these daies but departed this life in king Richard the seconds daies Thomas de Sturey an Augustine frier Sertorious Gualensis a Welshman borne To conclude Iohn Mandeuille knight that great traueller liued in those daies and departed this life at Liege the seuenteenth of Nouember in the yeare 1372. Thomas of Douer a moonke of the abbeie there Henrie Knighton wrote an historie â—ntituled De gestis Anglorum Iohn Stokes borne in Suffolke an Augustine frier Iohn Hornebie a frier Carmelite of Boston Henrie Bâ—â—â—rike or as other rather will of Burie an Augustine frier Simon Alcocke a diuine Utred Balton borne in the marches of Wales a moonke of Durham William Iordan an Augustine frier Iohn Hilton a frier minor William de Lincolne a Carmelite borne and professed in that citie whereof he tooke his surname Adam Saxlingham a frier of the same order but borne in Northfolke Simon Mepham a prebend of Chichester and a great diuine Iohn Bamton a Carmelite and student in Cambridge Iohn Wichingham a gray frier and diuerse other which for that we are not certeine in what age they liueâ— we here passe ouer Thus farre Edward the third sonne to Edward the second and queene Isabell. Richard the second the second sonne to Edward prince of Wales RIchard the second of that line 40 name and sonne to prince Edward called the blacke prince the sonne of king Edward the third a child of the age of eleuen yeares began to reigne ouer the realme of England the two and twentith daie of Iune in the yeare of the world 5344 of our Lord 1377 after the conquest 310 about the two and thirtith yeare of the emperour Charles the line 50 fourth and in the fouretéenth yeare of Charles the fift king of France and about the seuenth yeare of the reigne of Robert the second king of Scotland he was named Richard of Burdeaux bicause he was borne at Burdeaux in Gascoigne whilest his father ruled there The day before it was vnderstood that his grandfather king Edward was departed this life being the one and twentith of Iune on which daie neuerthelesse he deceassed the citizens of London hauing certeine knowledge that he could not escape his sicknesse sent certeine aldermen vnto Kingston where the prince with his mother the princesse then laie to declare vnto the said prince their readie good wils to accept him for their lawfull king and gouernour immediatlie after it should please God to call to his mercie his grandfather being now past hope of recouerie of health Wherefore they 〈…〉 line 10 and so were they sent home to bring a ioifull answer of their message to the citie The morrow after there were sent to London from the king the lord Latimer sir Nicholas Bond sir Simon Burlie sir Richard Adderâ—urie knights to bring them sorowfull newes of the assured
in the church betwixt the two factions of cardinals French and Romane for one of their popes could no sooner be dead but that they ordeined an other in his line 30 place In this eighteenth yeare also was a woonderfull tempest of wind in the months of Iulie and August and also most speciallie in September by violence whereof in sundrie places of this realme great and woonderfull hurt was doone both in churches and houses ¶ The ambassadors that had béene latelie in France about the treatie of the marriage as before yée haue heard went thither againe and so after that the two kings by sending to and fro were growne line 40 to certeine points and couenants of agreement the earle marshall by letters of procuration married the ladie Isabell in name of king Richard so that from thencefoorth she was called quéene of England Amongst other couenants and articles of this marriage there was a truce accorded to indure betwixt the two realms of England and France for tearme of thirtie yeares The pope wrote to king Richard beseeching him to assist the prelats against the Lollards as they tearmed them whom he pronounced to line 50 be traitors both to the church and kingdome and therefore he besought him to take order for the punishment of them whom the prelats should denounce to be heretikes At the same time he sent a bull reuocatorie concerning religious men that had either at his hands or at the hands of his legats or nuncios purchased to be his chapleins and accompting themselues thereby exempt from their order so that now they were by this reuocatorie bull appointed to returne to their line 60 order and to obserue all rules thereto belonging This liked the friers well namelie the minors that sought by all means they might deuise how to bring their brethren home againe which by such exemptions in being the popes chapleins were segregated diuided from the residue of their fraternitie or brotherhood The king in this twentith yeare of his reigne went ouer to Calis with his vncles the dukes of Yorke and Glocester and a great manie of other lords and ladies of honour and thither came to him the duke of Burgognie and so they communed of â—he peace There was no enimie to the conclusion thereof but the duke of Glocester who shewed well by his words that he wished rather war than peace in somuch as the king stood in doubt of him least he would procure some rebellion against him by his subiects whome he knew not to fauour greatlie this new aliance with France The king after the duke of Burgognie had talked with him throughlie of all things and was departed from him returned into England leauing the ladies still at Calis to open the couenants of the marriage and peace vnto his subiects and after he had finished with that businesse and vnderstood their minds he went againe to Calis and with him his two vncles of Lancaster and Glocester and diuerse prelats and lords of the realme and shortlie after came the French king to the bastide of Arde accompanied with the dukes of Burgâ—gnie Berrie Britaine and Burbon There was set vp for the king of England a right faire and rich pauilion a little beyond Guisnes within the English pale and another the like pauilion was pight vp also for the French king on this side Arde within the French dominion so that betwéene the said pauilions was the distance of thréescore ten pases and in the midwaie betwixt them both was ordeined the third pauilion at the which both kings comming from either of their tents sundrie times should méet and haue communication togither The distance betwixt the two tents was beset on either side in time of the interview with knights armed with their swords in their hands that is to say on the one side stood foure hundred French knights in armor with swords in their hands and on the other side foure hundred English knights armed with swords in their hands making as it were a lane betwixt them through the which the two kings came and met with such noble men as were appointed to attend them And a certeine distance from the two first pauilions were appointed to stand such companies of men as either of them by appointment had couenanted to bring with them The two kings before their méeting receiued a solemne oth for assurance of their faithfull and true meaning to obserue the sacred lawes of amitie one toward an other in that their interview so as no damage violence molestation arrest disturbance or other inconuenience should be practised by them or their friends and subiects and that if anie disorder rose through anie mishappe arrogancie or strife mooued by anie person the same should be reformed promising in the words of princes to assist one an other in suppressing the malice of such as should presume to doo or attempt anie thing that might sound to the breach of friendlie amitie during the time of that assemblie eight daies before and seuen daies after On the six and twentith of October the king of England remooued from Calis toward the castell of Guisnes and wiâ—h him the duke of Berrie who was sent to take his oth The morow after being the euen of Simon and Iude the kings met and the lords of France to wit the duke of Berrie Burgogne Orleans and Burbon the earle of Sauoie the vicount of Meaux and others conueied the king of England and from him were sent to conduct the French king diuerse of the English lords as the two dukes of Lancaster and Glocester foure earles to wit of Derbie Rutland Notingham and Northumberland After the two kings were come togither into the tent for that purpose prepared it was first accorded betwixt them that in the same place where they thus met should be builded of both their costs a chapell for a perpetuall memorie which should be called The chapell of our ladie of peace On saturdaie being the feast daie of the apostles Simon and Iude the kings talked togither of certeine articles touching the treatie of peace and hauing concluded vpon the same they receiued either of them an oth vpon the holie Euangelists to obserue and kéepe all the couenants accorded vpon On the mondaie the French king came to the king of England his pauillion and the same time was brought thither the yoong quéene Isabell daughter to the French king who there deliuered hir vnto king Richard who taking hir by the hand kissed hir gaue to hir father great thanks for that so honorable line 10 and gratious a gift openlie protesting that vpon the conditions concluded betwixt them he did receiue hir that by such affinitie both the realmes might continue in quietnesse and come to a good end and perfect conclusion of a perpetuall peace The quéene was committed to the duchesses of Lancaster Glocester to the countesses of Huntington and Stafford to the marchâ—onesse of
abiding there onelie for that dutie He paied also the debts of all such persons as laie in the counters or Ludgate for fourtie shillings vnder and some he reléeued that were condemned in ten pounds Hervpon were processions generallie vsed euerie daie in euerie citie and parish to praie to almightie God for his restoring to health and long line 30 continuance of the same Neuerthelesse he was so 〈◊〉 with his long maladie that nature could no 〈…〉 his life and so he departed out of this 〈◊〉 two and twentith of Aprill in his palace of 〈…〉 in the yéere of our Lord 1509. His corpse 〈◊〉 conueied with all funerall pompe to Westâ—â—â—â—tâ—r and there buried by the good queene his wife 〈◊〉 sumptuous chapell which he not long before had 〈◊〉 to be builded Hâ— reigned thrée and twentie yeares and more line 40 than seuen moneths and liued two and fiftie yeares He had by his quéene Elizabeth foure sonnes and foure daughters of the which thrée remained aliue behind him Henrie his second son prince of Wales which after him was king Margaret quéene of Scots and the ladie Marie promised to Charles king of Castile He was a man of bodie but leane and spare albeit mightie and strong therewith of personage and stature somewhat higher than the meane sort of men of a woonderfull beautie and faire complexion line 50 of countenance merie and smiling especiallie in his communication his eies graie his téeth single and haire thin of wit in all things quicke and prompt of a princelie stomach and hautie courage In great perils doubtfull affaires and matters of importance supernaturall and in maner diuine for he ordered all his dooings aduisedlie and with great deliberation Besides this he was sober moderate honest courteous bountious and so much abhorring pride and line 60 arrogancie that he was euer sharpe and quicke to them that were noted with that fault He was also an indifferent and vpright iusticer by the which one thing he allured to him the hearts of manie people and yet to this seueritie of his he ioined a certeine mercifull pitie which he did extend to those that had offended the penall lawes and were put to their fines by his iustices He did vse his rigour onelie as he said himselfe to dant bring low and abate the high minds and stout stomachs of the wealthie and wild people nourished vp in seditious factions and ciuill rebellions rather than for the gréedie desire of monie although such as were scourged with amerâ—iaments cried out and said it was rather for the respect of gaine than for anie politike prouision Indéed he left his coffers well stuffed for he was no wastfull consumer of his riches by anie inordinat meanes To conclude he had asmuch in him of gifts both of bodie mind and fortune as was possible for anie potentate or king to haue His politike wisedome in gouernance was singular his wit alwaie quicke and readie his reason pithie and substantiall his memorie fresh and holding his experience notable his counsels fortunate and taken by wise deliberation his spéech gratious in diuerse languages his person as before ye haue heard right comelie his naturall complexion of the purest mixture leagues and confederations he had with all christian princes His mightie power was dread euerie where not onelie within his realme but without Also his people were to him in as humble subiection as euer they were to king his land manie a daie in peace and tranquillitie his prosperitie in battell against his enimies was maruellous his dealing in time of perils and dangers was cold and sober with great hardinesse If anie treason were conspired against him it came out wonderfullie His buildings most goodlie and after the newest cast all of pleasure And so this king liuing all his time in fortunes fauour in high honour wealth and glorie for his noble acts and prudent policies is woorthie to be registred in the booke of fame least time the consumer of all worthie things should blot out the memorie of his name here in earth whose soule we trust liueth in heauen enioieng the fruition of the godhead those pleasures prepared for the faithfull In memorie of whome his manifold vertues with the fortunat successe of his affaires and the gratious descent of his loines as they procured a famous report in nations farre and néere so haue some at the contemplation of his princelinesse and euerie waie crowned with felicitie made memorials of his magnificence to the immortalitie of his high praise and vnblemishable renowme among whome for the truth of the report iustifiable by the contents of this historie one commeth to mind which may well serue for an epitaph Septimus Henricus factis est nomen adeptus Praeclarum claris ventura in secula famae Ciuibus ille suis fuerat charissimus hostes Omnes iure ipsum metuebant numinis almi Relligiosus erat cultor pieâ—atis aequi Versutos hominésque malos vehementiùs odit Viginti totos charus trésque ampliùs annos Regibus externis in summo vixit honore Magnanimus iustus rex prudens atque modestus Henrico haeredi moriens sua regna reliquit Diuitiásque immensum argenti pondus auri ¶ The altar and sepulture of the same king Henrie the seuenth wherein he now resteth in his new chappell at Westminster was made and finished in the yeare of our Lord 1519 by one Peter T. a painter of the citie of Florence for the which he receiued one thousand pounds sterling for the whole stuffe and workemanship at the hands of the kings executors Richard bishop of Winchester Richard Fitz Iames bishop of London Thomas bishop of Duresme Iohn bishop of Rochester Thomas duke of Norffolke treasuror of England Edward earle of Worcester the king chamberleine Iohn F. knight chiefe iustice of the kings Bench Robert R. knight chiefe iustice of the common plees c. Of learned men that liued in this kings daies as maister Bale noteth them these are recorded First George Rippeleie a Carmelite frier at Boston seene in the mathematikes he wrote diuerse treatises and after his decease was accounted a nekromancer Iohn Erghom borne in Yorke a blacke â—rier a doctor of diuinitie professed in Oxford studious of prophesies as by the title of the works which he wrote it may appeare Iohn Persiuall a Chartreux monke Thomas Maillorie a Welshman borne he wrote I wote not what of king Arthur and of the round table Iohn Rousse borne in Warwikeshire a diligent searcher of antiquities whervpon few libraries were any where to be seene in England and Wales where he made not search for the same and wrote sundrie treatises of historicall arguments He deceassed at line 10 Warwike the fourtéenth of Ianuarie in the yeare 1491 and was buried in our ladie church there Thomas Scroope otherwise surnamed Bradleie descended of the noble familie of the Scroops professed sundrie kinds of religions as that of the order of saint Benet and
Lanquet wrote an epitome of chronicles and also of the winning of Bullongne Iohn Shepre Leonard line 30 Cox wrote diuerse treatises one in English rhetorike whereof Bale maketh no mention Thomas Soulmon borne in the I le of Gernseie verie studious in histories as by his writings and notes it appeareth Iohn Longland bishop of Lincolne Maurice Chancie a Charterhouse moonke Cutbert Tunstall bishop of Duresme Richard Samson Alban Hill a Welshman an excellent physician Richard Croke verie expert in the Gréeke toong Robert Whittington borne in Staffordshire néere to Lichfield line 40 wrote diuerse treatises for the instruction of Grammarians Iohn Aldrige bishop of Carleill Iohn Russell gathered a treatise intituled Super iure Caesaris Papae he wrote also commentaries in Cantica William Roie Simon Fish a Kentishman borne wrote a booke called the supplication of beggers Iohn Powell and Edward Powell Welshmen wrote against Luther Edward died in Smithfield for treason in denieng the kings supremacie in the line 50 yeare 1540 Iohn Houghton gouernour of the Charterhouse moonks in London died likewise for treason in the yeare a thousand fiue hundred thirtie and fiue Iohn Rickes being an aged man forsaking the order of a frier Minor which he had first professed imbraced the gospell George Bullen lord Rochford brother to quéene Anne wrote diuerse songs and sonets Francis Bigod knight borne in Yorkeshire wrote a booke against the cleargie intituled De impropriationibus and translated certeine bookes from Latine into English he died for rebellion in the yeare a thousand fiue hundred thirtie and seauen Richard Wise Henrie Morleie lord Morleie wrote diuerse treatises as comedies and tragedies the life of sectaries and certeine rithmes William Boteuille alià s Thin restored Chaucers workes by his learned and painfull corrections Iohn Smith sometime schoolemaister of Heiton Richard Turpine borne of a worshipfull familie in England seruing in the garrison of Calis wrote a chronicle of his time he died in the yéere a thousand fiue hundred fortie and one and was buried in saint Nicholas church in Calis Sir Thomas Wiat knight in whose praise much might be said as well for his learning as other excellent qualities meet for a man of his calling he greattlie furthered to inrich the English toong he wrote diuerse matters in English méeter and translated the seauen penitentiall psalmes and as some write the whole psalter he died of the pestilence in the west countrie being on his iourneie into Spaine whither he was sent ambassadour from the king vnto the emperour in the yeare a thousand fiue hundred fortie and one Henrie Howard earle of Surrie sonne to the duke of Norffolke delighted in the like studies with sir Thomas Wiat wrote diuerse treatises also in English méeter he suffered at Tower hill as in the historie of this king before yée haue heard Iohn Field a citizen and lawyer of London wrote sundrie treatises as his owne answers vnto certeine articles ministred to him by sir Thomas More the bishop of Rochester Rastall and others when he was in prison for religion he wrote also a treatise of mans fréewill De seruo hominis arbitrio and collections of the common lawes of the land c Tristram Reuell Henrie Brinklow a merchant of London wrote a little booke which he published vnder thâ— name of Roderike Mors and also a complaint vpon London c Robert Shingletâ—n borne of a good familie in Lancashire wrote a treatise of the seauen churches and other things as of certeine prophesies for the which as some write he suffered at London being conuict of treason in the yeare 1544 William Parreie a Welshman wrote a booke intituled Speculum iuuenum Of strangers that liued here in this kings daies and for their works which they wrote were had in estimation these we find recorded by maister Bale Barnard Andreas a Frenchman borne in Tolouse an Augustin Frier and an excellent poet Adrian de Castello an Italian of Corneto a towne in Thuscaine he was commended vnto king Henrie the seuenth by the archbishop Morton and therevpon was first made bishop of Hereford and after resigning that sée was aduanced to Bath and Welles Andreas Ammonius an Italian of the citie of Luca secretarie to the king wrote diuerse treatises Iames Calco an Italian also of Pauia in Lumbardie by profession a Carmelite frier an earnest defender of the diuorse betwixt the king and the ladie Katharine Dowager disproouing the marriage beâ—wixt them to be in anie wise lawfull Thus farre the right high and renowmed Henrie the eight sonne and successor to Henrie the seuenth Edward the sixt sonne and successor to Henrie the eight AFter it had pleased almightie God to call to his mercie that famous prince king Henrie the eight the parlement as yet continuing and now by his death dissolued the executours of the said king and other of the nobilitie assembling themselues line 10 togither did first by sound of trumpet in the palace of Westminster and so through London cause his sonne and heire prince Edward to be proclamed king of this realme by the name of Edward the sixt king of England France and Ireland defender of the faith and of the churches of England and Ireland the supreame head he being yet but nine yeares and od moneths of age he was thus proclamed the eight and twentith of Ianuarie in the yeare of the world 5513 and after the birth of our line 20 Lord 1547 year 1547 according to the accompt of them that begin the yeare at Christmasse but after the accompt of the church of England in the yeare 1546 about the nine and twentith yeare of the emperor Charles the fift the three and thirtith of Francis the first of that name king of France and in the fift yeare of the reigne of Marie quéene of Scotland Shortlie herevpon the earle of Hertford with other of the lords resorted to Hatfield where the yoong king then laie from whence they conducted him with line 30 a great and right honorable companie to the Tower of London During the time of his abode there for the good gouernement of the realme the honour and suertie of his maiesties person his vncle Edward earle of Hertford was by order of the councell and the assent of his maiestie as one most méetest to occupie that roome appointed gouernour of his roiall person and protector of his realmes dominions and subiects and so proclamed the first of Februarie by an herald at armes and sound of trumpet through line 40 the citie of London in the vsuall places thereof as it was thought expedient The sixt daie of Februarie the earle of Hertford lord protector adorned king Edward with the order of knighthood remaining then in the Tower and therewith the king standing vp called for Henrie Hubbleshorne lord maior of the citie of London who comming before his presence the king tooke the sword of the lord protector and dubbed the said Hubblethorne knight he being the first that euer he
the second others saie in the fourth yeare but the best authors agrée that he gaue ouer the seale in the yeare of Christ 1162 being the eight yeare of the victorious prince the said Henrie the second against the will of the prince he died in the yeare of our redemption 1170 as these verses doo prooue being such as the curiositie of that superstitious age would permit Pro Christo sponsa Christi sub tempore Christi In templo Christi verus amator obit Anno mileno centeno septuageno Anglorum primas corruit ense Thomas Quis moritur praesul cur pro grege qualiter ense Quando natali quis locus ara Dei Rafe Warneuile archdeacon of Rone and treasuror of the church of Yorke was made chancellor about the yeare that the word became flesh 1173 being about the eightéenth yeare of king Henrie the second of this man speaketh Matthew Paris and Matthew Westminster Walterus de Constantijs archdeacon of Oxford after bishop of Lincolne in the yeere of our redemption 1182 from whense he was aduanced in the yeare 1184 being the one and thirtith yéere of king Henrie the second vnto the archbishoprike of Rone of this man is more spoken in my discourse of the protectors of England pag. 1069. Geffreie the bastard sonne to king Henrie the second after that he had surrendered the bishoprike of Lincolne whereof he was neuer consecrat bishop but kept the place and receiued the reuenues was made chancellor much about the six and twentith yeare of king Henrie the second being the yeare of Christ 1180 yet be there some that saie he resigned the bishoprike in the seuen and twentith yeare of king Henrie the second in the yeare of Christ 1181. The difference whereof groweth as I suppose for that some accompt the beginning of the yeare of our Lord from the first of Ianuarie as all other nations of Europe doo some from the birth of Christ as we in England did long time since the conquest and some from the fiue and twentith of March on which it is supposed that the world began first to be created which last accompt we in England and the Scots as hath Lesleus doo kéepe togither with them of Genoa or Gene in Italie contrarie to the order of all other nations The begining of which maner of accompt amongst vs I cannot as yet certeinlie learne but I suppose it began much about the time of king Edward the third for all the former historiographers begin the yeare from the birth of Christ. William Longchampe the proud bishop of Elie legat of England for the bishop of Rome chiefe iustice of the south and west parts of England and deputie of that part of the realme when Richard the first went to the warres of the holie land was made chancellor in the said first of king Richard being the yeare of our redemption 1189 of the sumptuous feast of whose inthronization thus writeth Ferthulphus or Ferculphus by the waie of comparison Praeuisis alijs Eliensia festa videre Est quasi praeuisa nocte videre diem He died in the yéere of Christ 1197 going to Rome in the abbeie of Pimie being of the charterhouse order About which time in the sixt yeare of Richard the first there was a vicechancellor called Malus Catulus Eustachius deane of Salisburie was chancellor of England being elected bishop of Elie the third â—des of August in the yeare that the word became flesh 1196 being the ninth yeare of king Richard the first of whome thus writeth Matthew Parker in the life of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie contrarie to that which others affirme writing that Eusâ—achius succeeded William Lonchampe in the office line 10 of chancellor and in the bishoprike of Elie. The words of Matthew Parker in the life of Hubert be these Hubertus deposito magistratu ciuili ecclesiae curae totus vacabat consecrauÃtque postea Robertum de Salopesbi episcopum Banchorensem Eustachium qui in cancellarij munere ei successit Eliensem episcopum Westmonasterij debita accepta ab vtróque subiectionis professione Hubert Walter or Walter Hubert for such a transmutation of the name is vsed by authors being first bishop of Salisburie and then archbishop of line 20 Canturburie was made chancellor shortlie after the coronation of king Iohn which was in the yeare that the virgine brought foorth Christ 1199 at what time a certeine noble man said vnto him in scorne I haue often seene of a chancellor made a bishop but I neuer before saw an archbishop made a chancellor Simon or rather Hugh of which is more herafter archdeacon of Welles in the first yeare of king Iohn after as I suppose that Hubert had left the office line 30 being so disgraced abased as he thought was witnesse to a déed in which king Iohn granted to the citizens of Yorke a guildhall hanse and other liberties as I haue seene noted in the copie of the same charter for which cause I haue heere set it downe as an other man although in truth I am fullie resolued that this Simon and the Hugh following were all one person leauing it yet for euerie mans iudgement Hugh de Welles archdeacon of Welles witnesse line 40 to the déed in which king Iohn in the sixt yeare of his reigne confirmed to the monasterie of Westminster Gistslep or Islep in Oxfordshire in which house Edward the confessor was borne he was made bishop of Lincolne about the tenth yeare of king Iohns reigne in the yeare of our Lord 1209 and died in the yeare of our Lord 1235. Walter Braie chosen bishop of Chester in the yeare of our Lord 1210 was bishop of Worcester and after bishop of Yorke a man of extreame age line 50 was made chancellor in the seuenth yeare of king Iohn as one anonymall chronicle saith to hold that office during his life Others saie that he was made chancellor in the yeare of Christ 1209 being the tenth yeare of king Iohn after Hugh de Welles But I suppose he surrendred that patent to hold it during his life when he came to be bishop of Yorke Of this man is more spoken in my treatise of the protectors of England pag. 1069. Richard de Marischo whom Matthew Paris termeth Tholenarius as it were tolegatherer or treasuror if line 60 you list being archdeacon of Northumberland was chancellor in the fourth yeare of king Iohn as appeareth by a déed that I haue séene and further he was made chancellor in the 15 yeare of king Iohn in which office he coÌ„tinued to the 17 yeare of the said king and as some doo write during king Iohns life and died about the calends of Maie in the yeare of our redemption 1226 in the tenth yeare of the long reigne of king Henrie the third as some haue But the booke of Durham saith that he was made bishop of that sée by Gwado the legat and consecrated by
cloths at the same but onelie their accustomable common apparell which then was commonlie greie coloured cloths This bishop was no lesse graue and wise than stout and of courage if occasion did so require And amongest other things this is reported of him that about the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred thirtie and one Simon Mepham then archbishop of Canturburie sent his mandatum to this bishop that he would visit his church diocesse vpon mondaie next after Ascension daie then following This bishop vpon what occasion it is not written did refuse this mandatum and appealed from the same aduertising the archbishop that he should not visit his church line 10 nor diocesse Notwithstanding the archbishop at the time appointed came to this citie and went to S. Peters church nothing thinking that anie durst to withstand him But the bishop knowing of his comming goeth to the church doore méeteth the archbishop and forbiddeth him to enter into his church but the archbishop pressing forward as with force to enter the bishop being then well garded denied and resisted him whervpon the archbishop departed and after at a prouinciall counsell holden at London the line 20 archbishop complained hereof but by meanes of the like discord betwéene him his suffragans he preuailed not In this bishops time one William of Excester a verie well learned man was a canon of this church and he ioining with Nicholas de Cesena Okeham Walsingham and others did openlie preach that Christ and his apostles were but poore men and had no temporall possessions neither was anie emperor or laie man subiect to the pope but onlie in matters of religion But when he heard that line 30 pope Iohn the thrée and twentith had excommunicated and would condemne them all for heretikes this William to saue his liuings secretlie shroonke awaie from his old companions and changed his copie and writeth certeine conclusions against them and his owne preachings Also in this bishops time about the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and fortie one Iohn of Bampton so named bicause he was borne at Bampton in this diocesse and a moonke of the order of the Carmelites was a line 40 verie good scholar and first did openlie read Aristotle in the vniuersitie of Cambridge where he was a scholar and afterwards he studied diuinitie and was made doctor he wrote certeine bookes which are not extant This bishop after that he had occupied this church about two and fortie yeares he died vpon S. Swithins daie in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred sixtie and nine and was buried in a chappell which he builded in the west wall of his line 50 owne church 30 Thomas Brentingham after the death of this Iohn Grandesson was at one instant chosen bishop of Excester and bishop of Hereford who refusing the one tooke the other and was consecrated bishop of Excester vpon the tenth daie of March in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred and seauentie being the feast daie of Nereus and Achilles William of Worcester then archbishop of Canturburie This Thomas was a man verie well learned line 60 and experted both in ecclesiasticall matters and in politike gouernement and in both these respects greatlie reuerenced and estéemed and for that cause at the parlement holden at Westminster in the tenth yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second was chosen one of the twelue péeres of the realme vnder the king He was a benefactor to the Calenderhaie of the vicars chorall of his owne church and performed and supplied in buildings and otherwise what his predecessors had left vndoone And hauing beene bishop foure and twentie yeares he died the third of December in the yeare of our Lord 1394 and was buried in the north side of the bodie of his owne church 31 Edmund Stafford vpon the twentith daie of Iune in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred ninetie and fiue was consecrated at Lambeth by William Courtnaie archbishop of Canturburie He was borne and descended of noble parentage being brother to Ralfe lord Stafford created earle of Stafford by king Edward the third he was both wise and learned and for his wisedome grew into great credit with the king and was both of his priuie councell as also lord chancellor of England At the parlement holden at Westminster the one and twentith yeare of the reigne of king Richard the second he being then speaker of the higher house made a verie learned and pithie oration to prooue the absolute authoritie of a king his theme was Rex vnus erit omnibus And hauing discoursed at large of the authoritie of a king he did conclude Quòd potesta◠regis esset sibi sola vnita annexa solida and whosoeuer did by anie meanes impeach the same Poena legis meritò esset plectendus And for the furtherance of good letters he did increase two fellowships in the college of Stapledons inne in Oxford reformed the statutes of the house and altered the name of it and called it Excester college After that he had continued bishop in much honor about thrée and twentie yeares he died the fourth of September being the seuenth yeare of king Henrie the fift and lieth buried in his owne church in a verie faire toome of alabaster 32 Iames Carie bishop of Chester then being at Florence when news was brought to pope Martin the fift of the said late bishop Staffords death was there made bishop of this church in the yeare of our Lord one thousand foure hundred and nineteene and also consecrated but long he inioied not his office for there he died and was buried 33 Edmund Lacie bishop of Hereford was translated from thense vnto this church in the feast of Easter and in the eight yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the fift in the yeare of our Lord God one thousand foure hundred and twentie He was a man verie deuout and religious but subiect to flatterers who carried him to their pleasure he was a liberall benefactor vnto the vicar of Calenderhaie Great contentions were betwéene him and the citie for liberties which by arbitrement were compounded He founded the chapter house in his owne church He was a professor of diuinitie and verie well learned For in the second yeare of his bishoprike being the ninth yeare of the kings reigne there was a parlement holden at Westminster in which great complaints were made against the loose and dissolute life of the religious men and especiallie the blacke moonks And this matter being brought to the conuocation house this bishop as chéefe proloquntor of that assemblie did make a verie learned and a pithie oration before the king then of purpose present and the whole cleargie much lamenting that the religious men were so far straied from the rules of their professions and the holinesse of their predecessors And when he had at large discoursed the same he deliuered vp certeine articles in
added and set foorth by the said iustice Manwood who for perpetuall supplie when need should be procured that the ancient contributorie lands almost growne into obliuion should be to that end reduced into a conuenient order answerable vnto right and iustice And likewise for good direction in yearelie elections of wardens and other officers with the accounts prouision works and other such necessaries required for perpetuall maintenance of that bridge obteined an act of parlement in the eightéenth yeare of this quéenes reigne as appeareth in the printed booke of statutes wherein were manie things ordâ—ined for the good ordering of the said bridge and the officers belonging therevnto After all which a charge of fiue hundred pounds was of record demanded and leuied vpon the wardens of the said bridge for arerages of the stipends of chanterie priests sometime seruing in the chappell at the east end of the said bridge to the great damage and ouerthrow of the bridge had not the said iustice Manwood by his trauell vpon due and lawfull triall at the assises deliuered discharged the bridge of that great demand as appeareth by record in the court of the excheker before the said sir Roger Manwood came to be chiefe baron there And yet abuse and slackenesse being had in these things the wardens notwithstanding that great beneuolence and reléefe was at sundrie times and of sundrie persons procured vnto the said bridge by the carefull and diligent trauell of Thomas Wooten of Bocton Maleherbe of Kent esquier a deere father and fauourer of his countrie as well at the times of the elections of the wardens and the accounts of the officers were forced to disburse great sums of their owne monie from time to time to dispatch the néedfull charges and works required for the bridge without anie conuenient allowance of the contributorie persons at the yearelie elections of the wardens and without due regard had for order of the said land belonging and contributorie to the bridge For auoiding wherof the said sir Roger Manwood then now lord chiefe baron of the excheker procured to passe another act of parlment in the seuen twentith yeare of hir maiestie reigne wherein is further prouision made for the said bridge as in the printed booke of statutes at large appeareth By which fullie prouided meaneâ— and by reasonable following the presidents of the works and accounts written in great lâ—gear books by the said chiefe baron and William Lambard esquier in the yeare next after the said last mentioned act of parlement of the seauen and twentith of the quéenes reigne they then executing the office of wardens all néedfull reparations be so doone and prouision before hand so made as it is now growne out of all controuersie that the said famous stone bridge of Rochester for euer like to last according vnto the intent of the first building and the indowment thereof for the good and beneficiall seruice of the commonwealth This sir Roger Manwood hauing had before an other wife issued of the gentlemanlie familie of the Theobalds is at this daie ioined in marriage with Elisabeth descended of an ancient and worshipfull familie the daughter of Iohn Copinger of Alhallowes in the countie of Kent esquier which Elisabeth being a woman of such rare modestie and patience as hir verie enimies must néeds confesse the same occasioned these verses following to be composed touching hir hir husband the said sir Roger Manwood Scaccarij protho barâ— Manwoode beatum Quem faciunt leges lingua loquela virumâ— Coniuge foeliciâ—r tamenes quae nata Copinger Egregâ—â— est summa foemina digna viro Quae viduata thâ—ro Wilkins coniunctáque Manwood 〈◊〉 coniux est â—oriata binis In the moneth of Ianuarie deceassed Edward Fines lord Clinton earle of Lincolne and lord admerall of England knight of the garter and one of hir maiesties priuie councell a man of great yéeres and seruice as well by sea as land he was burieâ— at Windsor leauing manie children behind him honorablie married Of this noble man whiles he liued one to whome the honorable lords of the courâ— were not obscurelie knowne writing of the peaâ—eable regiment of the queenes maiestie comprising in an orderlie discourse their high places of seruice to the crowne amongest others speaketh verie commendablie and deseruedlie of this deceassed earle who at such time as the said booke was published vnder the title aforenamed had béene lord great admerall of England thirtie yeares and of councell vnto thrée princes alwaies of vnspotted report speciallie for allegiance and therefore as singularlie beloued in his life so accordinglie bemoned at his death The words that concerne this noble mans memoriall are thus extant to the aduancement of his honour testified by report of two English poets line 10 O Clintone tuae concessa est regia classis Tutelae totos ter denos circiter annos Consuluisse tribus nec haec tibi gloria parua Principibus veterum satraparum sanguine clares Multa gerens pelago praeclarè multáque terris Hunc decorat comitem grandi Lincolnia fastis And before this namelie in the yeare 1564 at what time the said noble man was honored with the title of Praefectus maris and attendant vppon hir maiestie in presence at hir being in Cambridge where line 20 she was magnificallie interteined with all hir troope of lords and traine of ladies c thus did an academike write in praise of the forenamed earle Regnatórque maris Clintonus cuius in vndis Excellens nomen praecipuúmque decus Ille mihi Neptunus aquas mouet ille tridente Hunc Triton hunc pelagi dijque deaeque colunt On the one and twentith daie of Ianuarie one and twentie Iesuites seminaries and other massing priests late prisoners in the Tower of London line 30 Marshalsee and Kings bench were shipped at the Tower wharffe to be conueied towards France banished this realme for euer by vertue of a commission from hir maiestie as may more fullie appeare by that which followeth A vew of the said commission from the queenes maiestie WHere as the queenes most excellent line 40 maiestie foreseeing the danger that hath and might grow vnto the realme by accesse of Iesuits and seminarie priests and other like wandering and massing priests comming hither to seduce and withdraw hir louing subiects from their due obedience to God and hir maiestie and there withall traitorouslie to practise the mouing and stirring of rebellion within the realme as hath appeared by sufficient proofe against them and line 50 by confession of sundrie of themselues for the which diuerse of the said Iesuits and seminaries haue béene tried condemned and executed by the ordinarie and orderlie course of hir maiesties lawes and yet they haue not refrained dailie to practise and attempt the like treasons Hir maiestie notwithstanding following the accustomed course of hir princelie clemencie liking rather for this time to haue them onelie banished out of the
for the cheapnesse supposed though in déed the contrarie fell out in demand partlie for the expedition promised which could neuer haue béene performed partlie for that he was knowne to be a speciall executioner in Woolwich breaches being workes defensatiue against inuasion of waters as yet vnaccomplished though no small charges haue béene therein imploied for the recouerie of two thousand acres of excellent marsh land lieng seuen miles from London in the parishes of Plumsted Erith c lost by a breach made in the wals there with a tempest about the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and thirtie to the vndooing of manie but speciallie of sir Edward Boulton knight partlie also he was hearkened vnto for that he was reputed to be a good enginor partlie for his experience in forren works partlie for his resolutenesse but especiallie for that he made a shew of more cunning than he would vtter so as although his deuise for the erection of the wals was finallie reiected yet was the matter brought to further conference For he was commended to the lords of hir maiesties priuie councell and namelie to sir Francis Walsingham knight principall secretarie to hir highnesse to whome was happilie referred the consideration and chiefe direction of all matters concerning these works wherin he dealt from time to time with as great care trauell and circumspection as though his owne estate had depended vpon the well proceeding thereof Whatsoeuer was thought necessarie to be doone thereabouts was alwaies aduertised by the commissioners vnto him and his opinion and direction required and he without good conference and probabilitie would enter into no action concerning this matter Now therefore he wrote to sir Thomas Scot requiring him to send vp some sufficient person acquainted exercised in Romneie marsh works to satisfie the lords of the councell in all such doubts as should be obiected speciallie by maister Burroughs who had more liking of the shipwrights maner of worke than either of the Romneie marsh works exhibited by sir Thomas Scot or of Plumsted works propounded by Ferdinando Poins Wherein sir Francis Walsingham shewed maister Digs his defense his owne good liking of the earthen wals onelie requiring that sir Thomas Scot would throughlie informe himselfe by conference with the marshmen to answer certeine obiections which he there inclosed sent downe vnto him in writing concerning the passage of the long wall and the distance thereof from the shore the higâ—h and tightnes of the same the conueniencie of the foundation the manner of stuffe the time of finishing the breadth below and at the top the vndertakers thereof and of their assurance c and lastlie that some sufficient person should be sent vp to confer in these matters All which points were so answered by sir Thomas Scot as sir Francis Walsingham was greatlie satisfied thereby Concerning the dooing thereof by great sir Thomas Scots aduise was that séeing it was a princes charge it might rather be performed by daie workers and good ouerséers than by great wherein no man would aduenture in respect of the quantitie of the charge and difficultie of the works without certeintie of great gaines Neuerthelesse if it were so set downe by the lords of the priuie councell that it should be doone no other waie but by great he himselfe would vndertake it better cheape than anie other had profered to doo it by fiue hundred marks and to that effect would put in verie good and sufficient assurance Presentlie after the receipt of those letters sir Thomas Scot sent to the court a kinsman of his named Reinold Scot who had béene deputed a surueior of Romneie marsh by the space of foure yeares togither and Reinold Smith who had béene clearke of Romneie marsh and a continuall dealer about those wals by the space of thirtie years These two repairing first to Douer to consider of the earth which should serue to make the wals of the line 10 pent of Douer hauen and to search where such earth as would serue that turne might most conuenientlie and néerest hand be had with pasture for horsses which should be imploied for carriage thereof procéeded to the court at Richmont where they attended on maister secretarie Walsingham on the mondaie and tuesdaie before Easter daie 1583 and after conference had with him they deliuered vnto him certeine notes in writing from sir Thomas Scot conteining necessarie orders and recounting line 20 the charges businesse and offices c incident to the erection of these walles imitating as neere as time place and matter would giue leaue the maner of Romneie marsh works wherein he remembred or rather required a yeerelie assemblie of commissioners at Douer in Easter wéeke as is by the lords of Romneie marsh at Whitsuntide with the election of officers and set downe the dutie and charge of ech officer the order of the works what prouision of stuffe should be made to wit of timber thorne faggots néedels keies béetels piles pasture earth line 30 with totall sums of all officers fées of all stuffe and prouision of all the labourers and of all the cariages which estimat was little or nothing differing from the charge as it fell out sauing that where he set it downe that both walles might be finished in two summers he accomplished them in one quarter of a yéere beyond promise or expectation Maister secretarie Walsingham hauing perused these notes seene the maner of the works rates set downe therein liked verie well thereof howbe line 40 it he strictlie examined the parties aforesaid how those works could be performed at so low prices and especiallie how so manie courts could be prouided without commission or griefe to the countrie euerie court hauing a horsse and a driuer and all for twelue pence a day in a place where pastures are for the most part barreâ— and hard to be gotten and both that and all other things but especiallie vittels extreame déere But being satisfied herein by the said Reinold Scot Reinold Smith he thought line 50 good neuerthelesse to send them two accompanied with Thomas Digs esquier and William Burroughs gentleman to confer with sir William Winter the said Ferdinando Poins the Plumsted men which were workemen in Woolwich and Erith breaches who propounded to the said workemen certeine questions at the house of sir William Winter at Tower hill Wherein they were demanded amongst other things whether they euer had heretofore made anie wals whereby water line 60 hath beene pent to anie highth and vpon what foundation or soile they were set and of what substance their wals were made and whether they could remedie such wals if they leaked or could worke in water and finallie what they would aske for a rod dooing and what suerties they could put in for the tightnesse of their worke Ferdinando Poins and his Plumsted men answered verie comfortablie to euerie question they séemed ignorant in nothing and promised to performe
The king hearkening vnto his words and pondering his talke by good aduisement fréelie pardoned him and withall commanded that he should be set at libertie and thereto haue an hundred shillings giuen him in his pursse and so to be let go Moreouer he gaue strait charge that no man should hurt him or séeke any reuenge for this line 40 his death hereafter Thus the penitent prince not onelie forgaue but also rewarded his aduersarie Howbeit after his deceasse Marchades getting him into his hands first caused the skin to be stripped of his bodie and after hanged him on a gibet At length king Richard by force of sicknesse increased with anguish of his incurable wound departed this life on the tuesdaie before Palmesundaie being the ninth of Aprill and the xj day after he was hurt in the yeare after the birth of our Sauior 1199. line 50 in the 44 yeare of his age and after he had reigned nine yeares nine moneths and od daies he left no issue behind him He was tall of stature and well proportioned faire and comelie of face so as in his countenance appeared much fauour and grauitie of haire bright aborne as it were betwixt red and yellow with long armes and nimble in all his ioints his thighes and legs were of due proportion and answerable to the other parts of his bodie As he was comelie of personage so was he of stomach line 60 more couragious and fierce so that not without cause he obteined the surname of Cueur de lion that is to saie The lions hart Moreouer he was courteous to his souldiors and towards his fréends and strangers that resorted vnto him verie liberall but to his enimies hard and not to be intreated desirous of battell an enimie to rest and quietnesse verie eloquent of speech and wise but readie to enter into ieopardies and that without feare or forecast in time of greatest perils These were his vertuous qualities but his vices if his vertues his age and the wars which he mainteined were throughlie weied were either none at all or else few in number and not verie notorious He was noted of the common people to be partlie subiect vnto pride which surelie for the most part foloweth stoutnesse of mind of incontinencie to the which his youth might happilie be somewhat bent and of couetousnesse into the which infamie most capiteins and such princes as commonlie follow the warres doo oftentimes fall when of necessitie they are driuen to exact monie as well of fréends as enimies to mainteine the infinit charges of their wars Hereof it came that on a time whiles he soiourned in France about his warres which he held against K. Philip there came vnto him a French préest whose name was Fulco who required the K. in any wise to put from him thrée abhominable daughters which he had and to bestow them in marriage least God punished him for them Thou liest hypocrite said the king to thy verie face for all the world knoweth that I haue not one daughter I lie not said the préest for thou hast three daughters one of them is called pride the second couetousnesse and the third lecherie With that the king called to him his lords barons and said to them This hypocrite heere hath required me to marrie awaie my three daughters which as he saith I cherish nourish foster and mainteine that is to say pride couetousnesse and lecherie And now that I haue found out necessarie fit husbands for them I will doo it with effect and seeke no more delaies I therefore bequeath my pride to the high minded templers and hospitallers which are as proud as Lucifer himselfe My couetousnesse I giue vnto the white moonks otherwise called of the Cisteaux order for they couet the diuell and all My lecherie I commit to the prelats of the church who haue most pleasure and felicitie therein There liued in the daies of this king Richard men of worthie fame amongst those of the cleargie Baldwine archbishop of Canturburie and Hubert who succeeded him in that sée also Hugh bishop of Lincolne a man for his worthinesse of life highlie to be commended Moreouer William bishop of Elie who though otherwise he was to be dispraised for his ambition and pompous hautinesse yet the king vsed his seruice for a time greatlie to his profit and aduancement of the publike affaires Also of learned men we find diuerse in these daies that flourished here in this land as Baldwine of Deuonshire that came to be bishop of Worcester in this kings time and after his deceasse he was aduanced to the gouernment of the archbishops sée of Canturburie he wrote diuerse treatises namelie of matters perteining to diuinitie Daniell Morley well seene in the Mathematicals Iohn de Hexam and Richard de Hexham two notable historicians Guilielmus Stephanides a moonke of Canturburie who wrote much in the praise of archbishop Becket Beside these we find one Richard that was an abbat of the order Premonstratensis Richard Diuisiensis Nicholas Walkington Robert de Bello Foco an excellent philosopher c. ¶ See Bale in his third Centurie In martiall renowme there florished in this kings daies diuerse noble capteins as Robert earle of Leicester Ranulfe de Fulgiers two of the Bardulphes Hugh and Henrie thrée Williams Marshall Brunell and Mandeuill with two Roberts Ros and Sabeuile Furthermore I find that in the daies of this king Richard a great derth reigned in England and also in France for the space of three or foure yeares during the wars betwéene him king Philip so that after his returne out of Germanie and from imprisonment a quarter of wheat was sold at 18 shillings eight pence no small price in those daies if you consider the alay of monie then currant Also immediatlie after that is to say in the yeare of our Lord a thousand one hundred nintie six which was about the seuenth yere of the said kings reigne there followed a maruellous sore death which dailie consumed such numbers of people that scarse there might be found any to kéepe and looke to those that were sicke or to burie them that died Which sickenesse was a pestilentiall feuer or sharpe burning ague The accustomed manner of buriall was also neglected so that in manie places they made great pits and threw their dead bodies into the same one vpon an other For the multitude of them that died line 10 was such that they could not haue time to make for euerie one a seuerall graue This mortalitie continued for the space of fiue or six months and at length ceassed in the cold season of winter In the octaues of Pentecost before this great death in the first houre of the day there appeared two sunnes the true sunne another as it were a counterfeit sunne but so apparentlie that hard it was to the common people to discerne the one from the other The skilfull also were compelled by instruments to
restitution that should be made to them for losses susteined in time of the interdiction Now the cause wherefore the legat and the king line 20 did send vnto the pope was this There was some grudge betwixt the legat and the archbishop for that where the pope had written to the legat how he should according to the order of the ancient canons of the church place in euerie bishops sée and abbeie that was void méet and able persons to rule and guide the same the legat presuming on that authoritie granted him by the pope without the aduise of the archbishop or other bishops tooke onelie with him certeine of the kings chapleins and comming with line 30 them to such churches as were vacant ordeined in them such persons as were nothing méet to take such charge vpon them and that according to the old abuse of England as Matthew Paris saith Wherevpon the archbishop of Canturburie repining at such dooings year 1214 sent to the legat as then being at Burton vpon Trent two of his chapleins from Dunstable where he and his suffragans held as then a synod after the feast of the Epiphanie commanding him by waie of appeale in no wise to meddle with instituting line 40 any gouernours to churches within the precinct of his iurisdiction where such institutions belonged onelie to him Herevpon therefore the legat dispatched Pandulph to Rome vnto the pope as is aforesaid and the king likewise sent ambassadors thither as the bishop of Norwich and the archdeacon of Northumberland with others the which in the end so behaued themselues in their suit that notwithstanding Simon Langton the archbishops brother earnestlie withstood line 50 them as proctor for the bishops yet at length the pope tooke order in the matter writing vnto his legat that he should sée the same fulfilled and then absolue the realme of the former interdiction In this meane time king Iohn made prouision to go ouer into France as after yee shall heare but at his going ouer he committed the whole ordering of this matter vnto the legat and to William Marshall the earle of Penbroke The legat therefore vpon the receipt of the popes bulles called a councell at London line 60 and there declaring what was conteined in the same he tooke hands for paiment of the residue of the fortie thousand marks which was behind being 13000 onelie as before I haue said About the same time also Walter Gray bishop of Worcester was remooued to the gouernement of the sée of Yorke which had béen vacant euer since the death of the archbishop Geffrey This Walter was the three thirtith archbishop that gouerned that sée But now to returne and speake of the kings affaires in the parts beyond the sea Ye shall vnderstand that hauing set his businesse in some good staie at home with the legat he applied his studie to the performance of his warâ— abroad and therefore he first sent monie into Flanders to paie the souldiers wages which he had sent thither to aid the erle there against king Philip. Which earle came ouer this yeare into England and at Canturburie the king receiued him where he did homage to the king for the whole earledome of Flanders and on the other part the king as well to the said earle as to such lords and bishops which came ouer with him declared his roiall liberalitie by princelie gifts of gold siluer iewels and pâ—etious stones After his returne such capteins as remained in his countrie with their bands at the king of Englands paie made a iournie into France and wasted the lands that belonged to the earle of Guisnes wanne the castell of Bruncham and raced it taking within it diuerse men of armes and demilances They also wanne by siege the towne of Aire and burnt it The castell of Liens they tooke by assault and slue manie souldiers that defended it beside those which they tooke prisoners Moreouer they wasted and destroied the lands which Lewes the French kings sonne was possessed of in those parts In the meane time king Iohn hauing prepared a mightie nauie and a strong armie of valiant soldiers tooke sea at Portsmouth on Candlemas day with his wife his sonne Richard Elianor the sister of Arthur duke of Britaine He had not many of his earles or barons with him but a great number of knights and gentlemen with whome he landed at Rochell in safetie within a few daies after his setting foorth He tooke ouer with him inestimable treasure as it was reported in gold siluer and iewels Immediatlie vpon his arriuall at Rochell the barons of Poictow reuolted from the French king and comming in to king Iohn did homage vnto him as to their king and souereigne lord But howsoeuer it was after the truce began to expire which he had granted vnto the earls of Marsh and Augi on the friday before Whitsunday he came with his armie before the castell of Meireuent which belonged vnto Geffrey de Lucignam and on the day next insuing being Whitsun éeue he wanne the same On Whitsunday he laid siege vnto Nouant an other castell belonging to the same Geffrey who as then was lodged in the same and also two of his sonnes but within thrée daies after that the siege was laid the earle of Marsh came to king Iohn and did so much preuaile that through his means both Geffrey and his two sonnes were receiued to mercie and king Iohn put in possession of the castell After this bicause king Iohn was aduertised that Lewes the French kings sonne had now besieged Mountcounter a castell that was apperteining to the said Geffrey he hasted thitherwards and came to Parthenay whither came to him as well the foresaid earle of Marsh as also the earle of Augi and both they togither with the said Geffrey de Lucignam did homage to our king and so became his liege men The same time also the ladie Iane the kings daughter was affianced to the said earle of Marsh his sonne whereas the French king made means to haue hir married to his sonne but bicause king Iohn doubted least that suit was attempted but vnder some cloked pretense he would giue no eare thereto but rather made this match with the earle of Marsh in hope so to assure himselfe of the said earle that he might stand him in no small stéed to defend his cause against his aduersaries of France But now to the dooings in England ¶ Ye haue heard before how pope Innocent or râ—ther Nocent who was the root of much mischiefe and trouble which qualities are nothing consonant to his name according to that king Iohn had required of him by solemne messengers directed his bulles vnto his legat Nicholas declaring vpon what conditions his pleasure was to haue the sentence of interdiction released Wherein first he commanded that the king should satisfie and pay so much monie vnto the archbishop of Canturburie and to the bishop of
church the morrow after S. Michaell and drew them out by force spoiled the house and getting a great bootie and prey of cattell and other line 40 riches he with his people conueied the same awaie at his departing after he had ransacked euerie corner of the church and other the houses and places belonging to that abbeie Thus the countrie being wasted on each hand the king hasted forward till he came to Wellestreme sands where passing the washes he lost a great part of his armie with horsses and carriages so that it was iudged to be a punishment appointed by God that the spoile which had béene gotten and taken out line 50 of churches abbeies and other religious houses should perish and be lost by such means togither with the spoilers Yet the king himselfe and a few other escaped the violence of the waters by following a good guide But as some haue written he tooke such greefe for the losse susteined at this passage that immediatlie therevpon he fell into an ague the force and heat whereof togither with his immoderate feeding on rawe peaches and drinking of new sider so increased his sicknesse that he was not able to line 60 ride but was faine to be carried in a litter presentlie made of twigs with a couch of strawe vnder him without any bed or pillow thinking to haue gone to Lincolne but the disease still so raged and grew vpon him that he was inforced to staie one night at the castell of Laford and on the next day with great paine caused himselfe to be caried vnto Newarke where in the castell through anguish of mind rather than through force of sicknesse he departed this life the night before the ninetéenth day of October in the yeare of his age fiftie and one and after he had reigned seauenteene yeares six moneths and seauen and twentie daies ¶ There be which haue written that after he had lost his armie he came to the abbeie of Swineshead in Lincolneshire and there vnderstanding the cheapenesse and plentie of corne shewed himselfe greatlie displeased therewith as he that for the hatred which he bare to the English people that had so traitorouslie reuolted from him vnto his aduersarie Lewes wished all miserie to light vpon them and therevpon said in his anger that he would cause all kind of graine to be at a farre higher price yer manie daies should passe Where vpon a moonke that heard him speake such words being mooued with zeale for the oppression of his countrie gaue the king poison in a cup of ale wherof he first tooke the aâ—â—aie to cause the king not to suspect the master and so they both died in manner at one time There are that write how one of his owne seruants did conspire with a conuert of that abbeie and that they prepared a dish of peares which they poisoned three of the whole number excepted which dish the said conuert presented vnto him And when the king suspected them to be poisoned indéed by reason that such pretious stones as he had about him cast foorth a certeine sweat as it were bewraieng the poison he compelled the said conuert to tast and eat some of them who knowing the thrée peares which were not poisoned tooke and eat those three which when the king had séene he could not longer absteine but fell to and eating gréedilie of the rest died the same night no hurt happening to the conuert who thorough helpe of such as bare no good will to the K. found shift to escape and conueied himselfe awaie from danger of receiuing due punishment for so wicked a deed Beside these reports which yee haue heard there are other that write how he died of surfeting in the night as Rafe Niger some of a bloudie flix as one said that writeth an addition vnto Roger Houeden And Rafe Cogheshall saith that comming to Lin where he appointed Sauerie de Mauleon to be capteine and to take order for the fortifieng of that towne he took a surfet there of immoderat diet and withall fell into a laske and after his laske had left him at his comming to Laford in Lindsey he was let bloud furthermore to increase his other greefes and sorrowes for the losse of his carriage iewels and men in passing ouer the washes which troubled him sore there came vnto him messengers from Hubert de Burgh and Gerard de Sotegam capteins of Douer castell aduertising him that they were not aable to resist the forceable assalts and engins of the enimies if spéedie succour came not to them in due time Whereat his gréefe of mind being doubled so as he might séeme euen oppressed with sorrow the same increased his disease so vehementlie that within a small time it made an end of his life as before yée haue heard The men of warre that serued vnder his ensignes being for the more part hired souldiers and strangers came togither and marching foorth with his bodie each man with his armour on his backe in warlike order conueied it vnto Worcester where he was pompouslie buried in the cathedrall church before the high altar not for that he had so appointed as some write but bicause it was thought to be a place of most suertie for the lords and other of his fréends there to assemble and to take order in their businesse now after his deceasse And bicause he was somewhat fat and corpulent his bowels were taken out of his bodie and buried at Croxton abbeie a house of moonks of the order called Praemonstratenses in Staffordshire the abbat of which house was his physician ¶ How soeuer or where soeuer or when soeuer he died it is not a matter of such moment that it should impeach the credit of the storie but certeine it is that he came to his end let it be by a surfet or by other meanes ordeined for the shortening of his life The manner is not so materiall as the truth is certeine And suerlie he might be thought to haue procured against himselfe manie molestations manie anguishes vexations which nipt his hart gnawd his very bowels with manie a sore symptome or passion all which he might haue withstood if fortune had beene so fauourable that the loialtie of his subiects line 10 had remained towards him inuiolable that his Nobles with multitudes of adherents had not with such shamefull apostasie withstood him in open fight that forren force had not weakened his dominion or rather robbed him of a maine branch of his regiment that he himselfe had not sought with the spoile of his owne people to please the imaginations of his ill affected mind that courtiers commoners had with one assent performed in dutie no lesse than they pretended in veritie to the preseruation of the state and line 20 the securitie of their souereigne all which presupposed plagues concurring what happinesse could the king arrogate to himselfe by his imperiall title which was through his owne
historie written of this prince he shall find that he hath beene little beholden to the writers of that time in which he liued for scarselie can they afoord him a good word except when the trueth inforceth them to come out with it as it were against their willes The occasion whereof as some thinke was for that he was no great freend to the clergie And yet vndoubtedlie his déeds shew he had a zeale to religion as it was then accompted for he founded the abbeie of Beauleau in the new forrest as it were in recompense line 30 of certeine parishchurches which to inlarge the same forrest he caused to be throwne downe and ruinated He builded the monasterie of Farendon and the abbeie of Hales in Shropshire he repaired Godstow where his fathers concubine Rosamund laie interred he was no small benefactor to the minster of Lichfield in Staffordshire to the abbeie of Crokesden in the same shire and to the chappell at Knatesburgh in Yorkshire So that to say what I thinke line 40 he was not so void of deuotion towards the church as diuers of his enimies haue reported who of meere malice conceale all his vertues and hide none of his vices but are plentifull inough in setting foorth the same to the vttermost and interpret all his dooings and saiengs to the woorst as may appeare to those that aduisedlie read the works of them that write the order of his life which may séeme rather an inuectiue than a true historie neuerthelesse sith we cannot come by the truth of things through the malice line 50 of writers we must content our selues with this vnfréendlie description of his time Certeinelie it should séeme the man had a princelie heart in him and wanted nothing but faithfull subiects to haue assisted him in reuenging such wrongs as were doone and offered by the French king and others Moreouer the pride and pretended authoritie of the cleargie he could not well abide when they went about to wrest out of his hands the prerogatiue of his princelie rule and gouernement True it is that to mainteine his warres which he was forced to take in hand as well in France as elsewhere he was constreined to make all the shift he could deuise to recouer monie and bicause he pinched their pursses they conceiued no small hatred against him which when he perceiued and wanted peraduenture discretion to passe it ouer he discouered now and then in his rage his immoderate displeasure as one not able to bridle his affections a thing verie hard in a stout stomach and thereby missed now and then to compasse that which otherwise he might verie well haue brought to passe It is written that he meant to haue become feudarie for maintenance sake against his owne disloiall subiects and other his aduersaries vnto Miramumeline the great king of the Saracens but for the truth of this report I haue little to saie and therefore I leaue the credit thereof to the authors It is reported likewise that in time when the realme stood interdicted as he was abroad to hunt one day it chanced that there was a great stag or hart killed which when he came to be broken vp prooued to be verie fat and thicke of flesh Oh saith he what a plesant life this déere hath led and yet in all his daies he neuer heard masse To conclude it may séeme that in some respects he was not greatlie superstitious and yet not void of a religious zeale towards the maintenance of the cleargie as by his bountifull liberalitie bestowed in building of abbeies and churches as before yée haue hard it may partlie appeare In his daies manie learned men liued as Geffrey Uinesaufe Simon Fraxinus alià s Ash Adamus Dorensis Gualter de Constantijs first bishop of Lincolne and after archbishop of Rouen Iohn de Oxford Colman surnamed Sapiens Richard Canonicus William Peregrine Alane Teâ—kesburie Simon Thurnaie who being an excellent philosopher but standing too much in his owne conceit vpon a sudden did so forget all his knowledge in learning that he became the most ignorant of all other a punishment as was thought appointed him of God for such blasphemies as he had wickedlie vttered both against Moses and Christ. Geruasius Dorobernensis Iohn Hanwill Nigell Woreker Gilbert de Hoiland Benet de Peterburgh William Parnus a moonke of Newburgh Roger Houeden Hubert Walter first bishop of Salisburie and after archbishop of Canturburie Alexander Theologus of whome yee haue heard before Geruasius Tilberiensis Syluester Giraldus Cambrensis who wrote manie treatises Ioseph Deuonius Walter Mapis Radulfus de Diceto Gilbert Legley Mauricius Morganius Walter Morganius Iohn de Fordeham William Leicester Ioceline Brakeland Roger of Crowland Hugh White alià s Candidus that wrote an historie intituled Historia Petroburgensis Iohn de saint Omer Adam Barking Iohn Gray an historiographer and bishop of Norwich Walter of Couentrie Radulphus Niger c. Sée Bale Scriptorum Britanniae centuria tertia Thus farre king Iohn Henrie the third the eldest sonne of king Iohn HEnrie the third of that name the eldest sonne of K. Iohn a child of the age of nine yeres began his reigne ouer the realme of England the ninetéenth day of October in the yeare of our Lord 1216 in the seuenth yeare of the emperour Frederike the second year 1216 and in the 36 yeare of the reigne of Philip line 10 the second king of France Immediatlie after the death of his father king Iohn William Marshall earle of Penbroke generall of his fathers armie brought this yoong prince with his brother and sisters vnto Glocester and there called a councell of all such lords as had taken part with king Iohn Anon after it was once openlie knowne that the sonnes and daughters of the late deceassed prince were brought into a place of safetie a great number of the lords and cheefe barons of the line 20 realme hasted thither I meane not onelie such as had holden with king Iohn but also diuerse other which vpon certeine knowledge had of his death were newlie reuolted from Lewes in purpose to aid yoong king Henrie to whome of right the crowne did apperteine Thither also came Uallo or Guallo the popes legat an earnest defender of the kings cause with Peter bishop of Winchester Iocelin bishop of Bath also Ranulph earle of Chester William Ferrers line 30 earle of Derbie Iohn Marshall and Philip de Albenie with diuerse other lords and peeres of the relme and a great number of abbats and priors who by and by fell to councell togither what waie should be best to take for the good order of things now in so doubtfull and perilous a time as this The péeres of the realme being thus assembled William earle of Penbroke bringing the yoong king into their presence and setting him before them spake these words following line 40 The earle of Penbroks short and sweet oration as it is borrowed out of maister Fox BEhold right honourable and welbeloued
his owne profit but tooke palfries and other presents of religious men line 50 ¶ But to declare all the practises of this the popes agent as it would be too long and tedious a processe so it is nothing strange that these his landloping legats and Nuncios haue their manifold collusions to cousen christian kingdoms of their reuenues For if they were not furnished with forlike fraud and wooluish rauine they were no fit factors for him sith it is required that like maister haue like man And therefore he is aptlie described in the likenesse of a line 60 man his head and face excepted wherein he resembleth a woolfe besides that he is set foorth with a crosiers staffe in his hand at the hooke whereof hangeth his Iudas pursse wherein are powched vp his pilfered Peter pence and I wot not what extorted paiments and pretended duties As for his deceits and crafts he hath more varietie of them than the cat of the mounteine hath spots in his skin or the pecocke hath eies in his taile Wherevpon it is trulie said of a late poet Sydera nemo potest quot sunt numerare polorum Quot neque vere nouo gramina campus habet Sic quoque nemo potest vafri ludibria papae Eius innumeros commemorare dolos Huic scopus immension seducere fraudibus orbem Huic scopus humanum ludificare genus But to proceed when men saw such vnreasonable couetousnes and polling by the popes procurement some of the nobilitie of the realme not able longer to beare it came to the king and exhibited to him their complaint hereof namelie for that the popes procurator bestowed diuers rith prebends and other rooms in churches vpon strangres knowne to be infamed for vsurie simonie and other heinous vices which had no respect to preaching nor to keeping of any hospitalitie for maintenance whereof their ancestors had giuen foorth their lands to the inriching of the church not meaning to haue the same bestowed on such maner of persons The king vnderstood that truth it was which was told him and therefore writ to the pope in humble wise beseeching him of his fatherlie care to take order for some redresse therein About this time the king began to renew his imagination for the following of the warres against the French king and therefore asked the aduise of his councell how he might best attempt the recouerie of those lands in France which were wrongfullie deteined from him The most part of all his ancient councellors were of this opinion that to make warre againe in trust of others aid as had beene attempted so often before without any profit should be no wisedome and therefore he ought either to forbeare or els so to prouide himselfe of power sufficient without trusting to the support of strangers as he might be able with his owne puissance and force to atchiue his enterprise for otherwise his trauell should prooue but vaine and to verie small effect The king persuaded with these sound reasons thought not good to attempt any thing more touching the said warre vnaduisedlie and to the end it should not be said how he trusted in vaine vpon the aid of strangers he caused all such possessions as the Normans held in England to be confiscated to the intent that as well the Normans as Britons and Poictouins might well vnderstand that he minded not from thencefoorth to credit the false promises of rebels as he that would now vse onelie the seruice of his owne people the Englishmen which in respect of others painted promises he had before contemned The occasion that mooued the king so to disherit the Normans did chéefelie rise of the French kings dealing who about the same time calling to him all those that had lands in England required them either to sticke vnto him inseparablie either else to the king of England sith no man might serue two maisters Wherevpon some forsaking their lands in England liued on those which they had in France and other forsooke those liuings which they had in France and came ouer into England to liue on those possessions which they had here But in the French kings dooings was no inforcing of men either to forsake the one or the other wherfore the procéedings of the king of England séemed somewhat more iniurious and partlie sounded to the breach of the truce Howbeit all was passed ouer without apparant trouble Whilest all things were thus in quiet and the king himselfe not troubled with any outward wars the Welshmen who though they were subdued yet could not rest in quiet receiued againe the fornamed Dauid to their prince the which for a policie determined himselfe to make offer to the pope to hold his land of him yéelding therefore yearelie vnto him the summe of fiue hundred marks as is said to the end that vnder the wings of the popes protection he might shadow himselfe and be defended against all men At length by large gifts of no small summes of monie he purchased letters of the pope in his fauour to the preiudice of the crowne of England as touching the right which the king of England had to the dominion of Wales as by the tenour thereof it may appeare beginning as here insueth Illustri viro domino Henrico Dei gratia regi Angliae c. Thus Dauid being incouraged herewith and such other of the Welshmen as tooke his part at time appointed did set vpon the kings capteins as they stragled abroad whom at the first brunt they put to flight and slue manie of them here and there as they tooke line 10 them at aduenture The Englishmen when night was come and that the Welshmen withdrew to rest assembled themselues againe togither and in the morning with new recouered force both of mind and bodie came vpon all the Welshmen and began with them a new battell which continued the space of thrée houres togither till at length the Welshmen which rashlie had entred the fight began to shrinke backe and fled to their woonted places of refuge the woods and mareshes Their chiefe capteine Dauid fled into line 20 Scotland hauing lost in that battell the most part of all his souldiers which he had there with him At his comming into Scotland and whilest he there remained he incensed king Alexander against king Henrie to his vttermost power putting into his head how reprochfullie the Englishmen did speake of the Scots reprouing them of cowardnes lacke of stomach also that they liued according to the prescript of the English nation as subiects to the same and manie other things he forged which had béene able to line 30 haue mooued a most patient man vnto indignation and displeasure Finallie either by the prouoking of this Dauid or by som◠other occasion king Alexander meant to make warres vpon king Henrie indéed and in raising an armie made a rode into England and did some hurt by incursions and further signified
of the mischéefe though hands were not laid vpon him nor his adherents perhaps for feare peraduenture for fauour no maruell though the lesse faultie lost their liues as most guiltie for rarus venator ad vrsos Accedit tutos conseruat sylua leones Debilibus robusta nocent grandia paruis A les fulminiger timidos infestat olores Accipiter laniat turdos millésque columbas Versicolor coluber ranas miserâ—sque lacertas Irretit muscas transmittit aranea vespas The king returning by saint Edmundsburie after he had doone his deuotions to S. Edmunds shrine line 10 began to ware somewhat crasie but after hauing a little recouered his health he called a councell there wherein he went about to haue taken order for the punishment of rebels but his sicknesse againe renewing he brake vp the assemblie and with all spéed hasted to London Prince Edward vpon his returne out of the holie land came to Chalons in Burgogne at the request of the earle he did attempt with his companie to hold a iustes and tournie against the line 20 said earle all other commers And thought through disdaine and spite there was homelie plaie shewed vpon purpose to put the Englishmen to the foile reproch yet by high valiancie prince Edward and his companie bare themselues so worthilie that in the end the aduersaries were well beaten and constreined to leaue the honor of that enterprise to the said prince Edward and his partakers After this he kept on his iornie till he came vnto Paris where he was honourablie receiued of the French king and from line 30 thence he went to Burdeaux and there remained till after his fathers death In this meane time king Henrie being returned to London from saint Edmundsburie as before yee haue heard his sicknesse so increased vpon him that finallie he departed at Westminster on the sixteenth day of Nouember in the yeare of our Sauiour 1272. after he had liued threescore and fiue yeares and reigned fiftie and six yeares and seauen and twentie daies A little before his death when he perceiued line 40 that he could no longer liue he caused the earle of Glocester to come before him and to be newlie sworne to keepe the peace of the land to the behoofe of his sonne prince Edward His bodie was buried at Westminster He had issue by his wife quéene Elianor two sonnes the foresaid Edward prince of Wales that succéeded him and Edmund earle of Lancaster by some authors surnamed Crouchbacke though as other affirme vntrulie that this Edmund was the elder brother but bicause he was a deformed line 50 person therefore his yonger brother Edward was preferred to the kingdome which was deuised of purpose to conueie a right to king Henrie the fourth which fetched the descent from the said Edmund and by force vsurped and held the crowne as after it may appeare Moreouer king Henrie had thrée daughters by the said Elianor as Margaret maried to Alexander king of Scots Beatrice whom the duke of Britaine had to wife and Catharine which died before she was mariable line 60 He was of bodie well cast and strong of a good stature in heigth well fauoured of face with the lid of one of his eies comming downe so as it almost couered the apple of the same eie Of nature he was courteous and of stomach rather noble than stout a deuout prince and liberall towards the poore and néedie Yet he wanted not dispraise in some points namelie for that in ordering of things and weightie affaires he vsed small consideration He was also noted to be a great taker of monie by leanes taxes and subsidies but there vnto he was inforced by necessitie to beare the charges of warre and other publike affaires than of any couetous mind or purpose to serue his owne turne ¶ What capteins of honour among the nobilitie liued in his time it may appeare by the course of the historie of his age Of sundrie learned men these we find mentioned in maister Bales centuries and others Walter of Couentrie an historiographer Radulphus Niger that wrote both histories and other treatises Geruasius de Melkelie Albricius of London Robert Curson a man excellentlie learned both in diuine and humaine letters so that comming to the court of Rome he there grew in such estimation that he became a cardinall of whom we find this recorded by Matthew Westminster and Matthew Paris At the taking of Damiate a citie in Aegypt there was with Pelagius the cardinall of Alba the popes legat master Robert Curson an Englishman a most famous clerke borne of a noble house and cardinall of the church of Rome These are reported to florish in the daies both of king Iohn and king Henrie his sonne In the said kings time also there liued other learned men as these Hugh Kirkestéed Richard of Elie Peter Henham Iohn Giles or de Sancto Egidio an excellent physician Caducan a Welshman borne and bishop of Bangor Alexander a singular learned man that wrote diuerse and manie treatises aswell in diuinitie as philosophie and humanitie both in verse and prose also Stephan Langton that for his singular knowledge was made high chancellor of the vniuersitie of Paris and at length was admitted archbishop of Canturburie against the will of king Iohn in which quarell so great trouble insued as before yée haue partlie heard Rafe Coggeshall also liued in king Henries daies that wrote the appendix vnto the chronicle of Ralfe Niger he was abbat of Coggeshall abbeie in Essex whereof he tooke his surname William Lanthonie Peter of S. Sauior a canon of the house called S. Sauior or of the trinitie by London Alexander Hailes a frier of the order of the minors who wrote manie treatises in diuinitie Richard surnamed Medicus a most learned physician and no lesse expert in philosophie and the mathematicals There be also remembred by maister Bale Randulfe the earle of Chester the third and last of that name who hauing great knowledge and vnderstanding in the lawes of this land compiled a booke of the same lawes as a witnesse of his great skill therein Alexander Wendocke bishop of Chester Iohn Blund Edmund Rich Robert Rich Henrie Bracton that excellent lawier who wrote the booke commonlie called Bracton after his name intituled De consuetudinibus Anglicanis Richard surnamed Theologus Walter de Euesham Ralfe Fresborne Laurence Somercote brother as it is thought to Robert Somercote at that time a cardinall of the Romane church Nicholas Fernham a physician Robert Bacon a notable diuine Simon Langton brother to the archbishop of Canturburie Stephan Langton Richard Fisaker Simon Stokes Iohn of Kent or Kantianus William Shirwood Michaell Blaunpaine Iohn Godard Uincent of Couentrie Alberike Ueer Richard Wich Iohn Basing alià s de Basingstoke Roger Walsham William Seningham Robert Grosted that learned bishop of Lincolne whose memorie amongst the learned will remaine while the world lasteth Thus farre Henrie the third Edward the first surnamed
after he was also present at a parlement which the said French king held at Paris in the which he obteined manie things for the liberties of his said lands as then by diuerse waies wrongfullie oppressed though such grant continued not long in force After Whitsuntide king Edward departed from Paris and went into Gascoigne togither with his wife queene Elianor who was with him in all his iournie This yeare the king went into Aragon where his authoritie auailed much in the making of agreement betwixt the kings of Aragon and Naples whereby Charles king of Naples was then set at libertie vpon certeine contracts or couenants passed and agreed betwixt them ¶ The kings mother queene Elianor this yeare forsooke the world and tooke vpon hir the habit of a nunne at Ambresburie but yet she still reteined and inioied hir dower by the popes authoritie and dispensation About this time a squire called Chamberlaine with his complices set fire on the merchants boothes at S. Butolphes faire and whilest the merchants were about to quench the fire the said squire and his complices set vpon the said merchants slue manie of them and robbed them of their goods In this yeare fell variance betwéene the lord Paine Tiptost wardeine of certeine castels in Wales and a Welsh knight called sir Rees ap Meridoc so that sundrie skirmishes were foughten betwixt them and men slaine on both sides to the great disturbance of the countrie The cause of this warre rose cheeflie for that the said lord Tiptost and the lord Alane Plucknet the kings steward in Wales would haue constreined the said Rées to appeare at counties and hundreds as the vse in other parts of Wales then was contrarie to such liberties as he had obteined of the king as he pretended But when the king wrote vnto the same Rées requiring him to kéepe the peace till his returne at what time he promised to reforme all things in due and reasonable order Rees hauing alreadie put armour vpon his backe would not now incline to any peace but to reuenge his cause assembled a great multitude of Welshmen with whose helpe he burnt destroied manie townes in Wales so that the K. being then beyond the seas sent to the earle of Cornewall whom in his absence he had appointed his lieutenant ouer England requiring him to send an armie into Wales to resist the malice and riotous attempts of the Welshmen The earle shortlie therevpon prepared an armie and went with the line 10 same into Wales or as other write the bishop of Elie the lord prior of S. Iohns the earle of Glocester and diuerse barons of the land went thither and chasing the said Rées dispersed his armie and ouerthrew and raced his castels but by vndermining and reuersing the wals at the castell of Druslan with the fall therof the baron Stafford and the lord William de Montchensie with manie other knights and esquiers were oppressed and brused to death ¶ This yeare the king at Blankfort in Gascoigne tooke vpon line 20 him the crosse purposing eftsoones to make a iournie against Gods enimies In the winter of this yeare great flouds chanced by reason of the excéeding abundance of raine that fell and the sea alongst the northeast coasts from Humber to Yarmouth brake into the land ouerflowing the same by the space of three or foure leagues in breadth as the author of the Chronicle of Dunstable affirmeth ouerthrowing buildings and drowning vp line 30 men and cattell that could not auoid the danger by the sudden comming in thereof namelie about Yarmouth Dunwich and Gippeswich Likewise in the Mers land of Lincolnshire it did passing great hurt bringing all the countrie into water This chanced in the verie night of the beginning of this yéere to wit in the feast of the circumcision of our Lord and in December it brake out againe in Northfolke and Suffolke where it did much harme namelie about Yarmouth line 40 This yeare and likewise the yeare last past was such plentie of graine that wheat was sold in some places of this land for twentie pence a quarter and in some places for sixtéene pence and pease for twelue pence a quarter The summer this yeare excéeded in heat so that men thorough the intemperate excesse thereof died in diuers places ¶ It chanced in Gascoigne that as the king queene sate in their chamber vpon a bed talking togither the thunder bolt comming in at the window behind them passed line 50 through betwixt them as they sate and slue two of their gentlemen that stood before them to the great terror of all that were present ¶ This yeare diuerse of those that robd the faire at Boston were executed Moreouer whereas Rees ap Meridoc continued still in his mischieuous dooings at length the lord deputie of Wales Robert Tiptost vsing both spéedie diligence and timelie counsell gathered all such power as he could make passed foorth against his aduersaries Whereof when sir Rées was aduertised line 60 and vnderstanding that the Englishmen were farre fewer in number than his Welshmen he thought to ouerthrow them at his pleasure and therefore incouraging his people with manie comfortable words to shew their manhood vpon the Englishmens approch he hasted to méet them The Welshmen being for the more part but yoong souldiers and not trained to kéepe any order of battell ran fiercelie vpon their enimies assailing them on the front before on the sides a flanke and on the backe behind inforcing themselues to the vttermost of their power to breake their arraie But the Englishmen valiantlie resisted so that there was a sore battell for a while and the more couragiouslie the Welshmen assailed the more stoutlie the Englishmen defended in keeping themselues close togither and beating backe their aduersaries and at length perceiuing them to faint and wax wearie they rushed foorth into the middle of the Welshmen brake them in sunder so that when they saw themselues thus repelled by the Englishmen contrarie vnto all their expectation they knew not what to doo for they durst neither fight nor flée and so by that meanes were beaten downe on euerie side Meridoc himselfe was taken but the most part of all his armie was slaine to the number of foure thousand men Thus were the Welshmen woorthilie chastised for their rebellion Sir Rées ap Meridoc was had to Yorke where at length after the king was returned out of Gascoigne he was hanged drawen and quartered This yeare on S. Margarets euen that is the 9 daie of Iulie fell a woonderfull tempest of haile that the like had not beene seene nor heard of by any man then liuing And after there insued such continuall raine so distempering the ground that corne waxed verie deare so that wheras wheat was sold before at thrée pence a bushell the market so rose by little and little that it was sold for two shillings a bushell and so the
Amongst other that did their homage to the king himselfe was Marie quéene of Man and countesse of Stratherne vpon the 24 daie of Iulie the king being thus in S. Iohns towne otherwise called Perth To conclude he was put in full possession of the realme of Scotland receiued there homages and fealties as before ye haue heard as the direct and supreme lord of that land This doone and euerie thing ordered as séemed most expedient king Edward returned into the south parts of his realme to be at his mothers buriall that in this meane time was departed this life Hir hart was buried in the church of the Graifriers at London hir bodie at Ambresburie in the house of the nunnes ¶ After the funerals were ended king Edward returned into the north parts againe he staied a while at Yorke and during his abode there Rées ap Meridoc of whome ye haue heard before was by order of law condemned executed ¶ This yeare after Easter as the fléet laie before S. Matthewes in Britaine there rose certeine discord betwixt the Norman mariners and them of Baion and so farre the quarell increased that they fell to trie it by force the Englishmen assisting them of Baion and the French kings subiects taking part with the Normans and now they fraught not their ships so much with merchandize as with armour weapon At length the matter burst out from sparkes into open flame the sequele wherof hereafter shall appeare as we find it reported by writers But now touching the Scotish affaires At length the king comming into Scotland gaue summons to all those that claimed the crowne to appeare before him at the feast of the natiuitie of S. Iohn Baptist next insuing that they might declare more at large by what right they claimed the kingdome Hervpon when the daie of their appearance was come and that king Edward was readie to heare the matter he chose out the number of 40 persons the one halfe Englishmen and the other Scotishmen which should discusse with aduised deliberation and great diligence the allegations of the competitors deferring the finall sentence vnto the feast of S. Michaell next insuing the which feast being come after due examination full triall and assured knowledge had of the right the kingdome by all their assents was adiudged vnto Iohn Balioll who descended of the eldest daughter of Dauid king of Scotland Robert le Bruce betwixt whom and the same Balioll at length the other being excluded the question and triall onlie rested was descended of the second daughter of king Dauid though otherwise by one degrée he was néerer to him in bloud Thus writeth Nicholas Triuet But others affirme that after long disputation in the matter by order of king Edward there were appointed 80 ancient and graue personages amongst the which were 30 Englishmen vnto whom being sworne and admonished to haue God before their eies authoritie was giuen to name him that should be king These 80 persons after they had well considered vnto whome the right apperteined declared with one voiâ—e that Iohn Balioll was rightful king king Edward allowed their sentence and by his authoritie confirmed vnto the same Iohn the possession of the kingdome of Scotland with condition that if he did not gouerne that realme with iustice then vpon complaint the king of England might put vnto his hand of reformation as he was bound to doo by his right of superioritie that in him was inuested Herevpon king Edward awarded foorth his writ of deliuerie of seizine at the suit of the said I. Balioll to William and Robert bishops of S. Andrewes and Glasco to Iohn lord Comin Iames lord Steward line 10 of Scotland and to the lord Brian Fitz Alane wardens of Scotland commanding them to deliuer vnto the said Iohn Balioll the seizine and possession of that realme sauing the releefes and debts due to him of the issues and profits of the same realme vnto the day of the date of the writ which was the ninetéenth day of Nouember in the twentie yere of his reigne Also there was another writ made and directed to such as had the kéeping of the castels in their hands line 20 in forme as followeth The copie of the writ for the deliuerie of the castels EDwardus Dei gratia rex Angliae dominus Hiberniae dux Aquitaniae superior dominus regni Scotiae dilecto fideli suo Petro Burdet line 30 constabulario castri de Berwike salutem Cùm Iohannes de Baliolo nuper in parlamento nostro apud Berwicum super Tuedam venisset coram nobis petiuisset praedictum regnum Scotiae sibi per nos adiudicari seisinam ipsius regni vt propinquiori haeredi Margaretae filiae regis Norwegiae dominae Scotiae iure successionis liberari ac nos auditis intellectis petitionibus rationibus diligentur examinatis inuenerimus praefatum Iohannem de Baliolo esse propinquiorem line 40 haeredem praedictae Margaretae quo ad praedictum regnum Scotiae obtinendum propter quod idem regnum Scotiae scisinam eiusdem saluo iure nostro heredum nostrorum cum voluerimus inde loqui praedicto Iohanni reddidimus tibi mandamus quòd seisinam praedicti castri de Beruico cum omnibus pertinentijs suis vnà cum alijs omnibus rebus tibi per chirographum traditis secundum quod in praedicti castritibi commissa custodia line 50 res huiusmodi recepisti sine dilatione praefato Iohanni de Baliolo vel attornatis suis has litteras deferentibus deliberari facias Teste meipso apud Beruicum super Tuedam 19 die Nouembris Anno regni nostri 20. In English thus EDward by the grace of God king of England lord of Ireland duke line 60 of Aquitaine and superiour lord of the realme of Scotland to his welbeloued and faithfull seruant Peter Burdet conestable of the castell of Berwike sendeth greeting Where Iohn de Balioll late in parlement holden at Berwike vpon Tweed came before vs and demanded the said realme of Scotland to be adiudged to him by vs and seizine of the same realme to be to him deliuered as next heire to Margaret daughter to the king of Norwaie ladie of Scotland by right of succession We hauing heard and vnderstood the same petitions and reasons being diligentlie weighed and examined we find the said Iohn Balioll to be next heire vnto the laid Margaret as to obteine the said kingdome of Scotland whervpon we haue deliuered to him the said kingdome of Scotland and the seizine therof sauing the right of vs our heires when it shall please vs to speake therof We therefore command you that you deliuer vp vnto the said Iohn Balioll or to his attornies that shall bring with them these our present letters the seizine of the said castell of Berwike with all the appurtenances togither with all other things to you by indenture deliuered accordinglie as you did receiue the same with the
beene mooued rashlie betwixt the Englishmen and the Normans without any commission of their princes their minds therefore were not so kindled in displeasure but that there had béen good hope of agréement betwixt them if Charles earle of Ualois the French kings brother being a man of a hot nature desirous of reuenge had not procured his brother to seeke reuengement by force of armes Wherevpon the French fléet made toward the Englishmen who minding not to detract the batell sharplie incountred their enimies in a certeine place betwixt England and Normandie where they had laid a great emptie ship at anchor to giue token where they meant to ioine There were with the Englishmen both Irishmen and Hollanders and with the Normans there were Frenchmen and Flemings and certeine vessels of Genowaies The fight at the first was doubtfull and great slaughter made as in the meeting of two such mightie nauies must néeds insue Yet in the end the victorie fell to the Englishmen and the French ships put to the chase and scattered abroad The number of ships lost is not recorded by such writers as make report of this conflict but they write that the losse was great King Philip being aduertised of this discomfiture of his fléet was sore displeased and as though he would proceed against king Edward by order of law he summoned him as his liegeman to appeare at Paris to answer what might be obiected against him but withall bicause he knew that king Edward would not come to make his appearance he prepared an armie In the meane time king Edward sent his brother Edmund earle of Lancaster to be his attornie and to make answer for him before all such iudges as might haue hearing of the matter but the iudges meaning nothing lesse than to trie out the truth of the cause admitted no reasons that the earle could alledge in his brothers behalfe and so pronounced king Edward a rebell and decreed by arest that he had forfeited all his right vnto the duchie of Guien These things thus doone he sent priuie messengers vnto Burdeaux to procure the citizens to reuolt from the Englishmen and appointed constable of France the lord Arnold de Neale to follow with an armie who comming thither easilie brought them of Burdeaux vnder the French dominion being alreadie minded to reuolt through practise of those that were latelie before sent vnto them from the French king for that purpose After this the said constable brought the people néere adioining vnder subiection partlie mooued by the example of the chéefe and head citie of all the countrie and partlie induced therevnto by bribes and large gifts The Englishmen that were in the countrie after they perceiued that the people did thus reuolt to the French king withdrew incontinentlie vnto the townes situat néere to the sea side but speciallie they fled to a towne called the Rioll which they fortified with all speed Thus saith Polydor Nicholas Triuet writing hereof declareth the beginning of this warre to be on this manner The English merchants being diuerslie vexed vpon the seas made complaint to the king for losse of their line 10 merchandize The king sent Henrie Lacie earle of Lincolne vnto the French king instantlie requiring that by his assent there might some waie be prouided with speed by them and their councell for some competent remedie touching such harmes and losses by sea as his people had susteind In the meane time whilest the earle taried for answer a nauie of the parts of Normandie conteining two hundred ships and aboue being assembled togither that they might the more boldlie assaile their enimies and the more line 20 valiantlie resist such as should encounter them sailed into Gascoigne determining to destroie all those of their aduersaries that should come in their waie But as these Normane ships returned backe with wines glorieng as it were that they had got the rule of the sea onelie to themselues they were assailed by thréescore English ships which tooke them brought them into England the friday before Whitsunday all the men were either drowned or slaine those onelie excepted which made shift to escape by botes The line 30 newes hereof being brought into France did not so much mooue the king and the councell to woonder at the matter as to take thereof great indignation Ambassadors were appointed to go into England which on the behalfe of the French king might demand of king Edward restitution of those ships and goods thus taken by his subiects and conueied into his realme without all delaie if he minded to haue any fauour in the French court touching his affairs line 40 that belonged to his countrie of Gascoigne The king of England hearing this message tooke therein deliberation to answer and then sent the bishop of London accompaned with other wise and discréet persons into France to declare for answer vnto the French king and his councell as followeth that is Whereas the king of England hath his regall court without subiection to any man if there were therefore any persons that found themselues hurt or indamaged by his people they might come to his court and vpon declaration of their receiued iniuries line 50 they should haue speedie iustice and to the end they might thus doo without all danger whosoeuer minded to complaine he would giue vnto them a safe conduct to come and go in safetie thorough his land but if this waie pleased not the French king then he was content there should be arbitrators chosen on both sides who weieng the losses on both parts might prouide how to satisfie the complaints and the king of England would for his part enter into line 60 bonds by obligation to stand to and abide their order and iudgement herein so that the French king would likewise be bound for his part and if any such doubt fortuned to arise which could not be decided by the said arbitrators let the same be reserued vnto the kings themselues to discusse and determine and the king of England vpon a sufficient safe conduct had would come ouer to the French K. if he would come downe vnto any hauen towne néere to the sea coast that by mutuall assent an end might bée had in the businesse but if neither this waie should please the French king nor the other then let the matter be committed to the order of the pope to whom it apperteined to nourish concord among christian princes or bicause the see was as then void let the whole colledge of cardinals or part of them take order therein as should be thought necessarie that strife and discord being taken awaie and remoued peace might againe flourish betwixt them and their people as before time it had doone and bring with it the blessings therevpon depending namelie althings that may make an happie fortunat state according to the nature of peace whereof it is said Pax est cunctorum mater veneranda bonorum Fit sub
the towne and hauing lost the suburbes to the Englishmen he fled out in the night and so left the towne without anie souldiers to defend it so that the townesmen yeelded it vnto the earle of Derbie and sware themselues to be true liege men vnto the king of England After this the earle of Derbie passed further into the countrie and wan diuerse castels and towns as Lango le Lake Moundurant Monguise Punach Laliew Forsath Pondair Beaumont in Laillois Bounall Auberoch and Liborne part of them by assault and the residue by surrender This doone he returned to Burdeaux hauing left capteins and souldiers in such places as he had woone This yeare the king sent foorth a commission vnto certeine persons in euerie countie within the realme to inquire what lands and tenements euerie man aboue fiue pounds of yeerelie reuenues being of the laie fée might dispend bicause he had giuen order that euerie man which might dispend fiue pounds and aboue vnto ten pounds of such yeerelie reuenues in land of the laie fee should furnish himselfe or find an archer on horssebacke furnished with armour and weapon accordinglie He that might dispend ten pounds should furnish himselfe or find a demilance or light horsseman if I shall so terme him being then called a hobler with a lance And he that might dispend fiue and twentie pounds should furnish himselfe or find a man at armes And he that might dispend fiftie pounds should furnish two men at arms And he that might dispend an hundred pounds should find thrée men at armes that is himselfe or one in his stéed with two other And such as might dispend aboue an hundred pounds were appointed to find more in number of men at armes accordinglie as they should be assessed after the rate of their lands which they might yearelie dispend being of the laie fée and not belonging to the church About this season the duke of Britaine hauing with him the earles of Northampton and Oxenford sir William de Killesbie one of the kings secretaries and manie other barons and knights with a great number of men of armes passed ouer into Britaine against the lord Charles de Blois where they tarried a long time and did little good to make anie accompt of by reason that the duke in whose quarrell they came into those parts shortlie after his arriuall there departed this life and so they returned home into England But after their comming from thence sir Thomas Dagworth knight that had béene before and now after the departure of those lords and nobles still remained the kings lieutenant there so behaued himselfe against both Frenchmen and Britains that the memorie of his worthie dooings deserueth perpetuall commendation Sir Iohn de Heinault lord Beaumont about the same time changed his cote and leauing the king of Englands seruice was reteined by the French king In this ninetéenth yeare of king Edward I find that about the feast of the Natiuitie of saint Iohn Baptist he sailed ouer into Flanders leauing his sonne the lord Lionell warden of the realme in his absence He tooke with him a great number of lords knights and gentlemen with whome he landed at Sluse The cause of his going ouer was to further a practise which he had in hand with them of Flanders the which by the labour of Iaques Arteueld meant to cause their earle Lewes either to doo homage vnto king Edward or else if he refused then to disherit him and to receiue Edward prince of Wales for their lord the eldest sonne of king Edward King Edward promising to make a dukedome of the countie of Flanders for an augmentation of honour to the countrie there came vnto Sluse to the king Iaques van Arteueld and a great number of other appointed as councellors for their chéefest townes The king with all his nauie lay in the hauen of Sluse where in his great ship called the Catharine a councell was holden vpon this foresaid purpose but at length those of the councellors of the cheefest townes misliked the matter so much that they would conclude nothing but required respit for a moneth to consult with all the cōmunaltie of the countries and townes and as the more part should be inclined so should the king receiue answer The king line 10 and Iaques Arteueld would faine haue had a shorter daie and a more towardlie answer but none other could be gotten Herevpon the councell brake vp and Iaques Arteueld tarieng with the king a certeine space after the other were departed promised him to persuade the countrie well inough to his purpose and suerlie he had a great gift of eloquence and had thereby induced the countrie wonderfullie to consent to manie things as well in fauour of king Edward as to his line 20 owne aduancement but this suit which he went now about to bring to passe was so odious vnto all the Flemings that in no wise they thought it reason to consent vnto the disheriting of the earle At length when Iaques Arteueld should returne vnto Gant king Edward appointed fiue hundred Welshmen to attend him as a gard for the preseruation of his person bicause he said that one Gerard Denise deane of the weauers an vnquiet man maliciouslie purposed his destruction line 30 Capteins of these Welshmen were Iohn Matreuers and William Sturine or Sturrie and so with this crue of souldiers Arteueld returned vnto Gant and earnestlie went in hand with his suit in king Edwards behalfe that either the earle should doo his homage to the king of England to whome it was due or else to forfeit his earledome Then the foresaid Gerard as well of his owne mind as procured thereto by the authoritie of earle Lewes stirred the whole citie against the said Arteueld and gathering line 40 a great power vnto him came and beset Arteuelds house round about vpon each side the furie of the people being wonderfullie bent against him crieng Kill him Kill him that hath robbed the tresurie of the countrie and now goeth about to disherit our noble earle Iaques van Arteueld perceiuing in what danger he was came vnto a window and spake to that inraged multitude in hope with faire and courteous words to appease them but it could not be whervpon line 50 he sought to haue fled out of his house but the same was broken vp and so manie entred vpon him that he was found out and slaine by one Thomas Denise as some write But other affirme that on a sundaie in the after noone being the 17 of Iulie a cobler whose father this Iaques van Arteueld had sometime slaine followed him as he was fléeing into a stable where his horsses stood there with an ax cloue his head asunder so that he fell downe starke dead on the ground And this was the end of the foresaid line 60 Iaques van Arteueld who by his wisedome and policie had obteined the whole gouernment of all Flanders This wofull
thing without readie paiment and those that from thencefoorth did contrarie to this ordinance should be extremelie punished There was granted to the king in this parlement six and twentie shillings line 10 eight pence of euerie sacke of wooll that was to be transported ouer the sea for thrée yeares next insuing Furthermore at the sute of the commons it was ordeined and established by an act in this parlement deuised that men of law should plead their causes and write their actions and plaints in the English toong and not in the French as they had béene accustomed to doo euer since the Conquerors time It was ordeined also that schoolemasters should teach line 20 their scholers to construe their lessons in English not in French as before they had béene vsed The K. shewed so much curtesie to the French hostages that he permitted them to go ouer to Calis and there being néere home to purchase friendship by oft calling on their fréends for their deliuerance They were suffered to ride to and fro about the marches of Calis for the space of foure daies togither so that on the fourth daie before sunne setting they returned into Calis againe The duke of Aniou turning this libertie line 30 to serue his owne turne departed from thence and went home into France without making his fellowes priuie to his purpose This yeare a parlement was called by the king which began the ninth of October from the which none of the noble men could obteine licence to be absent In this parlement all rich ornaments of gold and siluer vsed to be worne in kniues girdels ouches rings or otherwise to the setting foorth of the bodie were prohibited except to such as might dispend ten line 40 pounds by yeare Morouer that none should weare any rich clothes or furres except they might dispend an hundred pounds by yeare ¶ Moreouer it was enacted that labourers and husbandmen should not vse any deintie dishes or costlie drinks at their tables But these and such other acts as were deuised and established at this parlement tooke none effect as after it appeared In this yeare there came into England to speake with king Edward concerning their weightie affaires thrée kings to wit the king of line 50 France the king of Scotland the king of Cypres they were honorablie receiued and highlie feasted The king of Scotland and the king of Cypres after they had dispatched their businesse for the which they came turned backe againe but the French king fell sicke and remained here till he died as in the next yeare ye shall heare He arriued here in England about the latter end of this yeare and came to Eltham where king Edward as then laie on the foure and twentith day of Ianuarie year 1364 and there dined line 60 After diner he tooke his horsse and rode toward London and vpon Blacke heath the citizens of London clad in one kind of liuerie and verie well horssed met him and conueied him from thence through to London to the Sauoy where his lodging was prepared About the beginning of March in this eight and thirtith yeare the forenamed French king fell into a gréeuous sickenesse of the which he died the eight day of Aprill following His corps was conueied into France and there buried at S. Denise his exequies were kept here in England in diuerse places right solemnelie by king Edwards appointment This yeare by reason of an extreme sore frost continuing from the seuen and twentith day of September last passed vnto the beginning of Aprill in this eight and thirtith yeare or rather from the seuenth day of December till the ninetenth day of March as Walsingham and other old writers doo report the ground laie vntild to the great hinderance and losse of all growing things on the earth This yeare on Michaelmasse day before the castell of Aulroy not far distant from the citie of Uannes in Britaine a sore battell was fought betwixt the lord Charles de Blois and the lord Iohn of Mountford For when there could be no end made betwixt these two lords touching their title vnto the duchie of Britaine they renewed the wars verie hotlie in that countrie and procured all the aid they might from each side The king of France sent to the aid of his cousine Charls de Blois a thousand speares and the earle of Mountford sent into Gascoigne requiring sir Iohn Chandois and other Englishmen there to come to his succour Sir Iohn Chandois gladlie consented to this request and therevpon got licence of the prince and came into Britaine where he found the earle of Mountford at the siege of the foresaid castell of Aulroy In the meane time the lord Charles de Blois being prouided of men and all things necessarie to giue battell came and lodged fast by his enimies The earle of Mountford aduertised of his approch by the aduise of sir Iohn Chandois and other of his capteins had chosen out a plot of ground to lodge in and meant there to abide their enimies With the lord Charles of Blois was that valiant knight sir Berthram de Cleaquin or Guesclin as some write him by whose aduise there were ordeined three battels and a reregard and in each battell were appointed a thousand of good fighting men On the other part the earle of Mountford diuided his men likewise into thrée battels and a reregard The first was led by sir Robert Knols sir Walter Hewet and sir Richard Brulle or Burlie The second by sir Oliuer de Clisson sir Eustace Daubreticourt and sir Matthew Gournie The third the earle of Mountford him selfe guided and with him was sir Iohn Chandois associat by whom he was much ruled for the king of England whose daughter the earle of Mountford should marie had written to sir Iohn Chandois that he should take good héed to the businesse of the said earle and order the same as sagelie as he might deuise or imagine In ech of these thrée armies were fiue hundred armed men and foure hundred archers In the reregard were appointed fiue hundred men of warre vnder the gouernance of sir Hugh Caluerlie Beside sir Iohn Chandois other Englishmen recited by Froissard there was the lord William Latimer as one of the chiefe on the earle of Mountfords side There were not past sixtéene hundred good fighting men on that side as Thomas Walsingham plainelie writeth Now when the hosts were ordred on both sides as before we haue said they approched togither the Frenchmen came close in their order of battell and were to the number of fiue and twentie hundred men of armes after the manner of that age beside others Euerie man had cut his speare as then they vsed at what time they should ioine in battell to the length of fiue foot and a short ax hanging at his side At the first incounter there was a sore battell and trulie the archers shot right fiercelie howbeit their shot
but taking one towne or other would kéepe the same till some liking enterteinment were offered and then would he sell such a towne where he had thus remained to them that would giue him for it according to his mind Barnabe lord of Millane gaue vnto him one of his base daughters in marriage with an honorable portion for hir dower This man was borne in Essex as some write who at the first became a tailor in London afterwards going to the warres in France serued in the roome of an archer but at length he became a capteine and leader of men of war highlie commended and liked of amongst the souldiers in so much that when by the peace concluded at Bretignie in the yeare 1360 great numbers of soldiers were discharged out of wages they got themselues togither in companies and without commandement of any prince by whose authoritie they might make warre they fell to of themselues and sore harried and spoiled diuerse countries in the realme of France as partlie yée haue heard amongst whome this sir Iohn Hawkewood was one of the principall capteins at length went into Italie to serue the marques of Montferrato against the duke of Millane although I remember that some write how he came into that countrie with the duke of Clarence but I thinke the former report be true but it may well be that he was readie to attend the said duke at his comming into Italie And thus much concerning such famous capteins as serued this noble king Edward the third although for bréefenesse I passe ouer diuerse other no lesse famous and worthie for their high manhood and tried valiancie to be remembred than these afore mentioned Of learned men these we find by Iohn Bale registred in the Centuries Iohn Baconthrop borne in Blackney in Northfolke a frier Carmelite and prouinciall of his order so excellentlie learned as well in diuinitie as in both the ciuill and canon lawes that he procéeded doctor in either facultie at Oxenford and Paris and wrote diuerse treatises to his high and singular commendation William Oâ—kam Iohn Bloxham a Carmelite frier Nicholas Triuet borne in Northfolke sonne to sir Thomas Triuet knight one of the kings iusticiers prooued excellentlie learned and wrote diuerse treatises and amongst other two histories and one booke of annales he was by profession a blacke frier and departed this life about the second yeare of this king Edward the third in the yeare of Christ 1328 William Alnewike borne in Northumberland in the towne whereof he tooke name a frier Minor Iohn Tanet borne in the I le of Tanet an excellent musician and a moonke in Canturburie Hugh of saint Neot a Carmelite frier in Hertfordshire a notable diuine as those daies gaue William Alton borne in Hampshire a blacke frier and a diuine Furthermore Richard Stradley borne in the marches of Wales a moonke and a diuine writing certeine line 10 treatises of the scripture William Herbert a Welshman and a frier Minor wrote also certeine goodlie treatises of diuinitie Richard Comington a frier of the order of the Cordeliers a preacher and a writer of diuinitie William Exeter a doctor of diuinitie and a prebendarie canon in Exeter whereas it is thought he was borne Lucas Bosden a westerne man and by profession a Carmelite frier Thomas Walleis a Dominike frier a great diuine as by such bookes as he wrote it may line 20 appeare Thomas Pontius a moonke of Canturburie Iohn Ridewall a graie frier Henrie Costesay or Cossey a frier Minor Geffrie Aleuant borne in Yorkeshire a frier Carmelite Iohn Euersden a moonke in Burie in Suffolke an historiographer Simon Burneston a doctor of the Uniuersitie of Cambridge and prouinciall of the friers Dominike or blacke friers as they called them here in England Walter Burlie a doctor of diuinitie who in his youth was brought vp not onlie in Martine college line 30 in Oxford but also in the Uniuersities and schooles abroad beyond the seas in France and Germanie afterwards for his wisedome good demeanor learning he was reteined with the bishop of Ulmes in Suabenland a region in high Germanie Amongst other treatises which he compiled being manie and namelie of naturall philosophie he wrote a commentarie of the ethikes of Aristotle and dedicated the same vnto the said bishop a worke which hath beene highlie esteemed not onelie in the line 40 Uniuersities of Italie Germanie and France but also here in our Uniuersities of England To conclude such was the same of this doctor Burlie that when the ladie Philip daughter to the earle of Heinault should come ouer into England to be married to king Edward this doctor Burlie was reteined by hir and appointed to be hir almoner and so continued in great estimation in so much that after Edward prince of Wales eldest sonne to king Edward commonlie called the blacke prince was borne and line 50 able to learne his booke the said Burlie among other was commanded to be one of his instructors By reason hereof sir Simon Burlie of whom I haue made some mention heretofore in this kings life and more intend to speake as occasion serueth in the next king being sonne to sir Iohn Burlie néere kinsman to the said doctor Burlie was admitted among other yoong gentlemen to be schoolefelow with the said prince by occasion whereof he grew in such credit and fauour with the said prince that afterwards line 60 when his son Richard of Burdeaux that succéeded king Edward his father was borne the said prince for speciall trust and confidence which he had in the said sir Simon Burlie committed the gouernance education of his son the said Richard vnto him whereby he was euer after highlie in fauour with the said Richard and no lesse aduanced by him when he came to inioy the crowne of this realme But now to other learned men of that age Iohn Barwike a frier Minor and reader to his fellowes of that order in Oxford William Notingham Roger Glacton borne in Huntingtonshire an Augustin frier Iohn Polestéed borne in Suffolke a Carmelite frier in Ipswich or Gippeswich as they write it Walter Kingham a frier also of the order of those Dominikes which they called pied friers Roger of Chester a moonke of that citie and an historiographer Thomas de Hales a frier Minor Robert Eliphat a graie frier Geffrie Grandfield an Augustine or blacke frier Hugh Wirlie a Carmelite frier of Norwich William Eincourt a blacke frier of Boston Hugh Ditton borne in Cambridgeshire a frier preacher Adam Carthusianus a doctor of diuinitie Iohn Luttrell an excellent philosopher and well seene in the mathematicals Walter Cotton and Thomas Eckleston both graie friers Iohn Folsham a Carmelite frier in Norwich Benet of Northfolke William Southhampton so called of the towne where he was borne a blacke frier Moreouer Iohn Burgh a moonke wrote an historie and certeine homilies Adam Nidzard a master of art Edmund Albon Robert Counton a graie frier William Lissie a frier Minor Iohn
masse Now when she came to the words of the sacrament she line 50 cast hir selfe flat on hir face before the altar made not the sacrament but rising vp dispatched the rest of the masse euen to the verie end hir mother helping hir therein and dooing hir deuotion This errour a long time lasted till at last by a certeine neighbour that was secretlie called to such a masse it was told abroad and came to the bishops eares who causing them to appeare before him talked with them about that errour and compelled the yoong woman openlie to shew the priestlie shauing of hir haire whose head line 60 was found to be all bare and bald The bishop sighing and sorrieng that such an errour should happen in the church in his time made manie lamentations and hauing inioined them penance dispatched and sent them away Thus far Henrie Knighton It is not to be doubted but that in these daies manie of the female sex be medling in matters impertinent to their degrée and inconuenient for their knowledge debating scanning in their priuat conuenticles of such things as wherabout if they kept silence it were for their greater commendation presuming though not to celebrat a masse or to make a sacrament yet to vndertake some publike peece of sâ—ruice incident to the ministerie whose ouer-sawâ—ie rashnesse being bolstered and borne vp with abbettors not a few whether it be by ecclesiasticall discipline corrected I wot not but of the vniformed presbiterie I am sure it is lamented A certeine thing appeared in the likenesse of fier in manie parts of the realme of England now of one fashion now of another as it were euerie night but yet in diuerse places all Nouember and December This fierie apparition oftentimes when any bodie went alone it would go with him and would stand still when he stood still To some it appeared in the likenesse of a turning whéele burning to othersome round in the likenesse of a barrell flashing out flames of fier at the head to othersome in the likenesse of a long burning lance and so to diuerse folks at diuerse times and seasons it shewed it selfe in diuerse formes and fashions a great part of winter speciallie in Leicestershire and Northamptonshire and when manie went togither it approched not neere them but appeared to them as it were a far off In a parlement time there was a certeine head of war made by the art of necromancie as it was reported which head at an houre appointed to speake vttered these words following at thrée times and then ceassed to speake any more These be the words first The head shall be cut off secondlie The head shall be lift vp aloft thirdlie The feet shall be lift vp aloft aboue the head This happened in the time of that parlement which was called the mercilesse parlement not long before the parlement that was named the parlement which wrought woonders In Aprill there was séene a fierie dragon in manie places of England which dreadfull sight as it made manie a one amazed so it ministred occasion of mistrust to the minds of the maruellors that some great mischéefe was imminent whereof that burning apparition was a prognostication In this kings daies as saith Thomas Walsingham whose report bicause I am here dealing with certeine prodigious accidents importing some strange euents I am the more bold to interlace about the troublesome time when discord sprang betwéene the king and his youthlie companions with the duke of Lancaster in the moneth of Maie there happened a coniunction of the two greatest planets namelie Iupiter and Saturne after the which did follow a verie great commotion of kingdoms as in the processe of this historie may appeare The French king about this time summoned a conuocation of the French cleargie to decide and search out the power of the two popes which of them had fuller right and authoritie in S. Peters chaire for the schisme and diuision betwéene the two popes was not yet ended The French clergie wrote in the behalfe of Clement their pope coÌ„firmed their script or writing with the vniuersitie seale of Paris Which writing Charles the French king sent ouer to Richard king of England that touching these doubts and difficulties he with the councell of his cleargie might deliberat Wherefore king Richard summoned a conuocation at Oxford of the lerneder diuines as well regents as not regents of the whole realme who wrote for and in the behalfe of Urbane their pope of Rome and confirmed their writing with the vniuersitie seale of Oxford sent it ouer sea to Paris vnto the French king But nothing was doone further in the premisses both popes vnder the shrowd or shelter of schisme preuailing betwéene them iustifieng these title interest This is the last record found in Henrie Knighton who for that which he hath doone touching chronographie hath written the blindnesse of the time wherein he liued and his order considered though not so well as the best yet not so ill as the woorst and whose collections if they were laid togither would affoord a large augmentation to maters of chronicle but O spite that so abruptlie he breaketh off and continueth his an â—ales no further than this yeare 1395. This yeere the Danes that laie rouing on the seas did much hurt to the English merchants taking and robbing manie English ships and â—hen the hauen townes alongst â—he coasts of Northfolke made foorth a number of ships and ventured to fight with those pirats they were vanquished by the Danes so that line 10 manie were slaine and manie taken prisoners which were constreined to paie great ransoms The enimies also found in ransacking the English ships twentie thousand pounds which the English merchants had aboord with them to buy wares with in place whither they were bound to go ¶ In the same yeare William Courtneie archbishop of Canturburie hauing more regard to his owne priuat commoditie than to the discommoditie of others purchased a bull of the pope whereby he was authorised to leauie through his whole prouince foure pence of the line 20 pound of ecclesiasticall promotions as well in places exempt as not exempt no true nor lawfull cause being shewed or pretended why he ought so to doo and to see the execution of this bull put in practise the archbishop of Yorke and the bishop of London were named and appointed Manie that feared the censures of such high executioners chose rather to paie the monie foorthwith than to go to the law and be compelled happilie manger their good willes Some there were that appealed line 30 to the sée of Rome meaning to defend their cause and to procure that so vnlawfull an exaction might be reuoked Speciallie the prebendaries of Lincolne stood most stiffelie against those bishops but the death of the archbishop that chanced shortlie after made an end of those so passing great troubles This yeare Iohn Waltham bishop of Salisburie
and yet the lord Scroope that was lord chamberleine had allowed for the earles diet foure thousand nobles yéerelie paid out of the kings coffers On the mondaie next after the arreignement of the earle of Warwike to wit the foure and twentie of September was the lord Iohn Cobham and sir Iohn Cheinie arreigned and found guiltie of like treasons for which the other had beene condemned before but at the earnest instance and sute of the nobles they were pardoned of life and banished or as Fabian saith condemned to perpetuall prison ¶ The king desirous to see the force of the Londoners caused them during the time of this parlement to muster before him on Blacke heath where a man might haue seene a great number of able personages And now after that the parlement had continued almost till Christmasse it was adiourned vntil the quinden of S. Hilarie then to begin againe at Shrewesburie The king then came downe to Lichfield and there held a roiall Christmasse which being ended he tooke his iournie towards Shrewesburie where the parlement was appointed to begin in the quinden of saint Hilarie as before yée haue heard year 1398 In which parlement there holden vpon prorogation for the loue that the king bare to the gentlemen and commons of the shire of Chester he caused it to be ordeined that from thencefoorth it should be called and knowne by the name of the principalitie of Chester and herewith he intituled himselfe prince of Chester He held also a roiall feast kéeping open houshold for all honest commers during the which feast he created fiue dukes and a duchesse a marquesse and foure earles The earle of Derbie was created duke of Hereford the earle of Notingham that was also earle marshall duke of Norfolke the earle of Rutland duke of Aubemarle the earle of Kent duke of Surrie and the earle of Huntington duke of Excester the ladie Margaret marshall countesse of Norfolke was created duchesse of Norfolke the earle of Summerset marques Dorset the lord Spenser earle of Glocester the lord Neuill surnamed Daurabie earle of Westmerland the lord William Scroope lord chamberleine earle of Wiltshire and the lord Thomas Persie lord steward of the kings house earle of Worcester And for the better maintenance of the estate of these noble men whome he had thus aduanced to higher degrees of honour he gaue vnto them a great part of those lands that belonged to the duke of Glocester the earles of Warwike and Arundell And now he was in good hope that he had rooted vp all plants of treason and therefore cared lesse who might be his freend or his fo than before he had doone estéeming himselfe higher in degrée than anie prince liuing and so presumed further than euer his grandfather did and tooke vpon him to beare the armes of saint Edward ioining them vnto his owne armes To conclude what soeuer he then did none durst speake a word contrarie therevnto And yet such as were cheefe of his councell were estéemed of the commons to be the woorst creatures that might be as the dukes of Aumarle Norfolke and Excester the earle of Wiltshire sir Iohn Bushie sir William Bagot and sir Thomas Gréene which thrée last remembred were knights of the Bath against whom the commons vndoubtedlie bare great and priuie hatred But now to proceed In this parlement holden at Shrewsburie the lord Reginald Cobham being a verie aged man simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the eleuenth yéere of the kings reigne he was line 10 appointed with other to be attendant about the king as one of his gouernours The acts and ordinances also deuised and established in the parlement holden in the eleuenth yeare were likewise repealed Moreouer in this parlement at Shrewesburie it was decréed that the lord Iohn Cobham should be sent into the I le of Gernesie there to remaine in exile hauing a small portion assigned him to liue vpon The king so wrought brought things about that he obteined the whole power of both houses to be granted to certeine line 20 persons as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmund duke of Yorke Edmund duke of Aumarle Thomas duke of Surrie Iohn duke of Excester Iohn marquesse Dorset Roger earle of March Iohn earle of Salisburie and Henrie earle of Northumberland Thomas earle of Glocester and William earle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussie Henrie Cheimeswike Robert Teie and Iohn Goulofer knights or to seauen or eight of them These were appointed to heare and determine certeine petitions and matters line 30 yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this grant they procéeded to conclude vpon other things which generallie touched the knowledge of the whole parlement in derogation of the states therof to the disaduantage of the king and perillous example in time to come When the king had spent much monie in time of this parlement he demanded a disme and a halfe of the clergie and a fiftéenth of the temporaltie Finallie line 40 a generall pardon was granted for all offenses to all the kings subiects fiftie onelie excepted whose names he would not by anie meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when anie of the nobilitie offended him he might at his plesure name him to be one of the number excepted and so kéepe them still within his danger To the end that the ordinances iudgements and acts made pronounced and established in this parlement might be and abide in perpetuall strength and force the king line 50 purchased the popes buls in which were conteined greeuous censures and cursses pronounced against all such as did by anie means go about to breake and violate the statutes in the same parlement ordeined These buls were openlie published read at Paules crosse in London and in other the most publike places of the realme Manie other things were doone in this parlement to the displeasure of no small number of people namelie for that diuerse rightfull heires were disherited line 60 of their lands and liuings by authoritie of the same parlement with which wrongfull dooings the people were much offended so that the king and those that were about him and chéefe in councell came into great infamie and slander In déed the king after he had dispatched the duke of Glocester and the other noblemen was not a little glad for that he knew them still readie to disappoint him in all his purposes and therefore being now as it were carelesse did not behaue himselfe as some haue written in such discréet order as manie wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot himselfe and began to rule by will more than by reason threatning death to each one that obâ—ied not his inordinate desires By means whereof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a man
that the same did shred him off from the scepter of his kingdome and gaue him a full cup of affliction to drinke as he had doone to other kings his predecessors by whose example he might haue taken warning For it is an heauie case when God thundereth out his reall arguments either vpon prince or people Thus haue ye heard what writers doo report touching the state of the time and doings of this king But line 50 if I may boldlie saie what I thinke he was a prince the most vnthankfullie vsed of his subiects of any one of whom ye shall lightlie read For although thorough the frailtie of youth he demeaned himselfe more dissolutelie than séemed conuenient for his roiall estate made choise of such councellors as were not fauoured of the people whereby he was the lesse fauoured himselfe yet in nâ— kings daies were the commons in greater wealth if they could haue perceiued their happie state neither in any other time line 60 were the nobles and gentlemen more cherished nor churchmen lesse wronged But such was their ingratitude towards their bountifull louing souereigne that those whom he had chéeflie aduanced were readiest to controll him for that they might not rule all things at their will and remooue from him such as they misliked and place in their roomes whom they thought good and that rather by strong hand than by gentle and courteous meanes which stirred such malice betwixt him and them till at length it could not be asswaged without perill of destruction to them both The duke of Glocester chéefe instrument of this mischéefe to what end he came ye haue heard And although his nephue the duke of Hereford tooke vpon him to reuenge his death yet wanted he moderation and loialtie in his dooings for the which both he himselfe and his lineall race were scourged afterwards as a due punishment vnto rebellious subiects so as deserued vengeance seemed not to staie long for his ambitious crueltie that thought it not inough to driue king Richard to resigne his crowne and regall dignitie ouer vnto him except he also should take from him his guiltlesse life What vnnaturalnesse or rather what tigerlike crueltie was this not to be content with his principalitie not to be content with his treasure not to be content with his depriuation not to be content with his imprisonment but being so neerelie knit in consanguinitie which ought to haue moued them like lambs to haue loued each other wooluishlie to lie in wait for the distressed creatures life and rauenouslie to thirst after his bloud the spilling whereof should haue touched his conscience so as that death ought rather to haue béene aduentured for his safetie than so sauagelie to haue sought his life after the losse of his roialtie But to let this passe to the consideration of the learned according to our order I will shew what writers of our English nation liued in his daies as we find them in Iohn Bales centuries First Henrie Bederie otherwise surnamed of Burie after the name of the towne where he is thought to haue béene borne an Augustine frier Simon Alcocke Uthred Bolton a moonke of Durham borne in the borders of Walles beyond Seuerne William Iordan a blacke frier Iohn Hilton a frier Minor Iohn Clipton a Carmelite â—â—ier in Notingham Henrie Daniell a blacke frier and a good physician Ralfe Marham Iohn Marcheleâ—â— a grate frier or cordelier as some call them Thomas Broome a Carmelite frier of London Iohn Bridlington borne in Yorkeshire William Thoâ—ne an Augustine frier of Canturburie an historiographer Adam Meremouth a canon of saint Paules church in London that wrote two tretises of historicall matters the one intituled Chronicon 40 annorum and the other Chronicon 60 annorum Simon Bredon borne in Winchcombe a doctor of physicke and a skilfull astronomer Iohn Thompson borne in Norfolke in a village of that name and a Carmelite frier in Blacknie More Thomas Winterton borne in Lincolnshire an Augustine frier in Stamford William Packington secretarie sometime to the Blacke prince an excellent historiographer â—eâ—traie Hingham a ciuilian Iohn Botlesham borne in Cambridgeshire a blacke frier William Badbie a Carmelite frier bishop of Worcester and confessor to the duke of Lancaster William Folleuill a frier Minor borne in Lincolnshire Iohn Bourgh parson of Collingham in Notinghamshire a doctor of diuinitie and chancellor of the Uniuersitie of Cambridge William Sclade a moonke of Buckfast abbie in Deuonshire Iohn Thoresbie archbishop of Yorke and lord chancellor of England was admitted by pope Urbane the fift into the college of cardinals but he died before K. Richard came to the crowne about the eight and fourtith yeare of king Edward the third in the yeare of our Lord 1374. Thomas Ashborne an Augustine frier Iohn Astone an earnest follower of Wickliffes doctrine and therfore condemned to perpetuall prison Casterton a moonke of Norwich and an excellent diuine Nicholas Radelife a moonke of saint Albons Iohn Ashwarbie a diuine and a fauourer of Wickliffes doctrine Richard Maidstone so called of the towne in Kent where he was borne a Carmelite frier of Aâ—lesford Adde to these Iohn Wardbie an Augustine frier and a great diuine Robert Waldbie excellentlie learned as well in diuinitie as other arts for the which he was first aduanced to a bishoprike in Gascoigne and after he was admitted archbishop of Dubline William Berton a doctor of diuinitie chancellor of the Uniuersitie of Oxford and aduersarie to Wickliffe Philip Repington abbat of Leicester a notable diuine and defender of Wickliffe Thomas Lombe a Carmelite frier of Lin Nicholas Hereford a secular priest a doctor of diuinitie and scholer to Wickliffe Walter Brit also another of Wickliffes line 10 scholers wrote both of diuinitie other arguments Henrie Herklie chancellor of the Uniuersitie of Oxford an enimie to Wickliffe and a great sophister Robert Iuorie a Carmelite frier of London and the twentith prouinciall of his order here in England Lankine a Londoner an Augustine frier professed in the same citie a doctor of diuinitie an aduersarie to Wickliffe More William Gillingham a moonke of saint Sauiours in Canturburie Iohn Chilmarke a fellow line 20 of Marton colledge in Oxford a great philosopher and mathematician Iohn Sharpe a philosopher and a diuine wrote manie treatises a great aduersarie to Wickliffe Richard Lauingham borne in Suffolke and a frier of Gipswich an excellent logician but a sore enimie to them that fauoured Wickliffes doctrine Peter Pateshull of whome ye haue heard before it is said that he was in the end constreined for doubt of persecution to flie into Boheme William Woodford a Franciscane frier a line 30 chosen champion against Wickliffe being now dead procured thereto by the archbishop of Canturburie Thomas Arundell Iohn Bromyard a Dominicke frier both a notable lawyer a diuine a sore enimie also to Wickliuists Marcill Ingelne an excellent philosopher and a diuine one of the first teachers in the Uniuersitie of Heidelberge which
procéeded doctor he was also confessor to the duke of Lancaster and to his wife the duchesse Constance a great setter foorth of pope Urbans cause against the other popes that were by him line 30 and those of his faction named the antipapes Thomas Maldon so called of the towne of that name in Essex where he was borne Iohn Edo descended out of Wales by linage and borne in Herefordshire a Franciscane frier Adde to the forenamed Nicholas Fakingham borne in Norfolke a greie frier procéeded doctor in Oxenford a great diuine and an excellent philosopher prouinciall of his order here in England Laurence Holbecke a monke of Ramsie well séene in line 40 the Hebrue toong and wrote thereof a dictionarie Iohn Colton archbishop of Ardmach Iohn Marrie so called of a village in Yorkeshire where he was borne a Carmelite of Doncaster Richard Chefer borne in Norfolke a diuine and an Augustine frier in Norwich Iohn Lathburie a Franciscane frier of Reading Nicholas Poutz Richard Scroope brother to William Scroope lord treasuror of England studied in Cambridge and proceeded there doctor of both the lawes became an aduocat in the court line 50 of Rome and afterwards was aduanced to the gouernement of the see of Couentrie and Lichfield and at length was remooued from thence and made archbishop of Yorke he wrote an inuectiue against king Henrie and at length lost his head as before ye haue heard Iohn Wrotham a Carmelite frier of London and after made warden of an house of his order in Calis Furthermore Iohn Colbie a Carmelite frier of Norwich William Thorpe a northerne man borne line 60 and student in Oxenford an excellent diuine and an earnest follower of that famous clearke Iohn Wickliffe a notable preacher of the word and expressing his doctrine no lesse in trade of life than in speech he was at length apprehended by commandement of the archbishop of Canturburie Thomas Arundell and committed to prison in Saltwood castell where at length he died Stephan Patrington borne in Yorkeshire a frier Carmelite prouinciall of his order through England of which brood there were at that season 1500 within this land he was bishop of saint Dauids and confessor to king Henrie the fift about the fift yeare of whose reigne he deceassed Robert Mascall a Carmelite frier of Ludlow confessor also to the said K. who made him bishop of Hereford Reginald Langham a frier minor of Norwich Actonus Dominicanus Thomas Palmer warden of the Blacke friers within the citie of London Boston of Burie a monke of the abbeie of Burie in Suffolke wrote a catalog of all the writers of the church and other treatises Moreouer Thomas Peuerell a frier Carmelite borne in Suffolke he was aduanced to the see of Ossorie in Ireland by Richard the second and after by pope Boniface the ninth remooued to Landaffe in Wales and from thence called by Henrie the fourth with consent of pope Gregorie the twelfe to gouerne the sée of Worcester and so continued bishop of that citie vntill he ended his life in the yeare of our Lord 1418 which was about the sixt yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the fift Iohn Purueâ—e an excellent diuine procéeded master of art in Oxenford he was apprehended for such doctrine as he taught contrarie to the ordinances of the church of Rome and was at length compelled by Thomas Arundell archbishop of Canturburie to recant at Paules crosse seuen speciall articles he wrote diuerse treatises was the second time committed to prison in king Henrie the fift his daies by Henrie Chichleie that succeeded Arundell in gouernement of the church of Canturburie William Holme a greie frier and a good physician for curing diseases of the bodie whatsoeuer his physicke was for the soule he liued vntill Henrie the fift his daies and deceassed about the fourth yeare of his reigne Nicholas Baiard a blacke frier a doctor of diuinitie professed at Oxenford Thomas Rudburne archdeacon of Sudburie and bishop of saint Dauids in Wales succéeding after Stephan Patrington he wrote a chronicle and certeine epistles as Iohn Bale noteth Finallie and to conclude Nicholas Riston who being sore greeued in mind as diuerse other in those daies to consider what inconuenience redounded to the church by reason of the strife and bralling among the prelats for the acknowleging of a lawfull pope two or thrée still contending for that dignitie wrote a booke intituled De tollendo schismate Iohn Walter an excellent mathematician being first brought vp of a scholer in the college of Winchester and after studied at Oxenford Thomas of Newmarket taking that surname of the towne in Cambridgeshire where he was borne he for his worthinesse as was thought was made bishop of Careleill well séene both in other sciences and also in diuinitie William Auger a Franciscane frier of an house of that order in Bridgewater Peter Russell a graie frier and of his order the prouinciall héere in England Iohn Langton a Carmelite Robert Wanâ—ham a moonke of Cernelie in Dorsetshire wrote a booke in verse of the originall and signification of words William Norton a Franciscane frier of Couentrie Hugh Sueth a blacke frier and a great preacher Richard Folsham a moonke of Norwich Robert Wimbeldon a singular diuine and an excellent preacher as appeareth by the sermon which he made vpon this text Redde rationem villicationis tuae Thus farre Henrie Plantagenet sonne to Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster Henrie the fift prince of Wales sonne and heire to Henrie the fourth HEnrie prince of Wales son and heire to K. Henrie the fourth borne in Wales at Monmouth on the riuer of Wie after his father was departed tooke vpon him the regiment of this realme of England the twentith of March the morrow after proclamed king by the name of Henrie the fift in line 10 the yeare of the world 5375 after the birth of our sauiour by our account 1413 the third of the emperor Sigismund the thrée and thirtith of Charles the sixt French king and in the seuenth yeare of gouernance in Scotland vnder Robert brother to him that before entrance into his kingdome 1390 had Iohn to name which by deuise and order of the states was changed into Robert the third who at Rotsaie a towne in the Iland of Got 1406 deceassed by occasion thus As vpon hope in this gouernor to himselfe line 20 conceiued how to come to the crowne he at the castell of Falkland latelie had famisht his coosine Dauid the kings elder sonne and heire a dissolute yoong prince yet to his fathers excéeding sorrow at whose deceasse the father verie carefull and casting for the safegard of Iames his yoonger son and heire from Basse the rocke in a well appointed ship vnder charge of Henrie Saintcleere earle of Orkeneie into France to his old fréend king Charles for good education and safetie this yoong prince he sent who in the line 30 course whether for tempest or tendernes of stomach tooke
sides contrarie to their expectation with humble heart and small ioy they rendered vp the towne vnto the kings hands After this the king hauing no let nor impediment determined foorthwith to besiege the citie of Rone and first sent before him his vncle the duke of Excester with a great companie of horssemen archers to view the place thervpon with banner displaied came before the citie and sent Windsore an herauld at armes to the capteins within willing them to deliuer the citie vnto the king his maister or else he would pursue them with fire and sword To whome they proudlie answered that none they receiued of him nor anie they would deliuer him except by fine force they were therevnto compelled and herewith there issued out of the towne a great band of men of armes and incountered fiercelie with the Englishmen the which receiuing them with like manhood and great force draue the Frenchmen into the towne againe to their losse for they left thirtie of their fellowes behind prisoners and dead in the field The duke returned with this good speed and proud answer of the Frenchmen vnto the king who remained line 10 yet at Pont de Larch and had giuen the towne of Louiers to his brother the duke of Clarence which made there his deputie sir Iohn Godard knight After that the duke of Excester was returned to Pont Larch the French capteins within Rone set fire on the suburbs beat downe churches cut downe trées shred the bushes destroied the vines round about the citie to the intent that the Englishmen should haue no reléefe nor comfort either of lodging or â—ewell When the king heard of these despitefull dooings he with his whole armie remooued from Pont Larch and the last daie of Iulie came before the citie of Rone and compassed it round about with a strong siege This citie was verie rich in gold siluer and other pretious things in so much that when the same was taken and seized vpon by the English the spoile was verie great and excéeding aduantagable which the compiler of Anglorum praelia hath verie well noted in a few lines but pithie saieng Vltima Rothomagus restat quae mercibus auro line 30 Argento vasis pretiosis diues abundat Rothomagus capitur iámque Anglus adeptus opimas Praedas in patriam perpulchra trophaea remittit The king laie with a great puissance at the Chartreux house on the east side of the citie and the duke of Clarence lodged at S. Geruais before the port of Caâ—â— on the west part The duke of Excester tooke his place on the north side at port S. Denis betweene the dukes of Excester and Clarence was appointed the earle marshall euen before the gate of line 40 the castell to whome were ioined the earle of Ormond and the lords Harington and Talbot vpon his comming from Dampfront and from the duke of Excester toward the king were incamped the lords Ros Willoughbie Fitz Hugh and sir William Porter with a great band of northerne men euen before the port of saint Hilarie The earles of Mortaigne and Salisburie were assigned to lodge about the abbie of saint Katharine Sir Iohn Greie was lodged directlie against the chappell called line 50 mount S. Michaell sir Philip Léech treasuror of the warres kept the hill next the abbeie and the baron of Carew kept the passage on the riuer of Seine and to him was ioined that valiant esquier Ienico Dartois On the further side of the riuer were lodged the earles of Warren and Huntington the lords Neuill and Ferrers sir Gilbert Umfreuile with a well furnished companie of warlike soldiers directlie before the gate called Port de Pont. And to the intent line 60 that no aid should passe by the riuer toward the citie there was a great chaine of iron deuised at Pont Larch set on piles from the one side of the water to the other and beside that chaine there was set vp a new forced bridge sufficient both for cariage and passage to passe the riuer from one campe to another The erle of Warwike that had latelie woone Dampfront was sent to besiege Cawdebecke a towne standing on the riuer side betweene the sea and the citie of Rone A memorable feaâ— in seruice néere to that place was doone at that time by a well minded man then noted soone after in writing which matter vnable to be better reported than by him that had so well marked it nor like to be more trulie expressed than by the ancient simplicitie and yet effectuall of the selfe same words wherein they were written therefore thought méetest to haue them rehearsed as they were in order thus The truth of the said memorable feat as it was reported in writing MEmorandum that my lord the earle of Warwike did send out my cosin sir Iohn Bromley and my cosin George Umfreuile with an hundred archers and about two hundred soldiers a strett to keepe at a little castell called the Stroo neere to Cawdebeke where they wearen met with aboue eight hundred Frenchmen the fraie betweene them long yfought and the Englishmen in great dread and perill till at length by the might of God and saint George the feeld did fall to our Englishmen the Frenchmen wearen put to flizt and thear wearen yslaine aboue two hundred Frenchmen and as manie ytaken prisoners and their capteine who was ycalled the lord of Estrisles was thear also yslaine and thear wearen yslaine of our Englishmen my said cosin George Umfreuile and about twentie mo on whose solles Iesus haue mercie and thear wearen hurt in the face my said cosin sir Iohn Bromley my cosin Walter Audeley sore wounded and maimed in the right arme of his bodie he then being but of the age of eighteene yeares But thankes be giuen to the blessed Trinitee thear wearen manie noble victories ywoon by the said noble erle of Warwike and his folke as in his officiall booke written by Maister Iohn le Tucke then present with the said noble earle is amplie recorded My said cosin Walter Audeley died at Warwike the seauenteenth daie of Iulie anno Domini one thousand foure hundred and twentie and was buried at Acton in Cheshire neere the bodie of my said cosin sir Iohn Bromley on whose solles Iesus haue mercie By me sir Richard Braie chapleine to my ladie the old countesse of Warwike Iesus Maria Amen Pater noster Aue Maria. After this conflict this towne was so hardlie handled with fierce and continuall assaults that the capteins within offered to suffer the English nauie to passe by their towne without impeachment vp to the citie of Rone And also if Rone yeelded they promised to render the towne without delaie Héerevpon the English nauie to the number of an hundred sailes passed by Cawdebecke and came to Rone and so besieged it on the water side There came also to this siege the duke of Glocester
ech of other and departed the Englishmen to Mante and the Frenchmen to Pontoise Some authors write that the Dolphin to staie that no agréement should passe sent sir Taneguie de Chastell to the duke of Burgognie declaring that if he would breake off the treatie with the Englishmen he would then common with him and take such order that not onelie they but the whole realme of France should thereof be glad and reioise Howsoeuer it came to passe truth it is that where it was agréed that they should eftsoones haue met in the same place on the third of Iulie the king according to that appointment came but there was none for the French part neither quéene nor duke that once appeared so that it was manifest inough how the fault rested not in the Englishmen but in the Frenchmen By reason wherof no conclusion sorted to effect of all this communication saue onlie that a certeine sparke of burning loue was kindled in the kings heart by the sight of the ladie Katharine The king without doubt was highlie displeased in his mind that this communication came to no better passe Wherefore he mistrusting that the duke of Burgognie was the verie let and stop of his desires said vnto him before his departure Coosine we will haue your kings daughter and all things that we demand with hir or we will driue your king and you out of his realme Well said the duke of Burgognie before you driue the king and me out of his realme you shall be well wearied and therof we doubt little Shortlie after the duke of Burgognie and the Dolphin met in the plaine fields besides Melun and there comming togither concluded apparantlie an open peace and amitie which was proclamed in Paris Amiens and Pontoise This agréement was made the sixt of Iulie in the yeare 1419. It was ingrossed by notaries signed with their hands and sealed with their great seales of armes but as the sequele shewed hart thought not what toong spake nor mind meant not that hand wrote Whiles these things were a dooing diuerse of the Frenchmen in Rone went about a conspiracie against the Englishmen whereof the king being well aduertised sent thither certeine of his nobles which tried out these conspirators caused them to be apprehended had them in examination and such as they found guiltie were put to death and so setting the citie in quietnes returned to the king who counted it great honor to kéepe the countries which he woone by conquest in obedience and aw sith such victories are not obteined without sore labour and toile both of prince and people as the poet rightlie saith Quaerere regna labor virtus est parta tueri Maxima The king of England perceiuing by this new aliance that nothing was lesse to be looked for than peace at the hands of the Frenchmen deuised still how to win townes and fortresses which were kept against him and now that the truce was expired on the thirtith daie of Iulie he being as then within the towne of Mante appointed certeine bands of souldiers in the afternoone to passe out of the gates giuing onelie knowledge to the capteins what he would haue them to doo And to the intent that no inkling of the enterprise should come to the enimies eare he line 10 kept the gates himselfe as porter These that were thus sent foorth being guided by the earle of Longueuile otherwise called the captau de Buef were commanded in as secret maner as they could to draw toward the towne of Pontoise and to keepe themselues in couert till the darke of the night and then approch the walles of that towne and vpon espieng their aduantage to enter it by scaling hauing ladders and all things necessarie with them for the purpose line 20 Moreouer about the closing of the daie and night in the euening he sent foorth the erle of Huntington with other bands of soldiers to succor and assist the other if they chanced to enter the towne according to the order taken Those that were first sent foorth according to their instructions conueid themselues so closelie to their appointed places that the enimies heard nothing of their dooings Wherevpon when the night was come they came in secret wise vnder the line 30 walles and there watched their time till the morning began to draw on In the meane time whilest the watch was departed and before other were come into their places to relieue it the Englishmen setting vp their ladders entered and brake open one of the gates to receiue the other that followed The Frenchmen perceiuing that the walles were taken and their enimies entered into the towne at the first were sore amazed but after perceiuing the small number of the Englishmen they assembled line 40 togither and fiercelie assailed them so that they were constreined to retire to the walles and turrets which they had taken and with much adoo defended the same some leaping downe into the diches and hiding them in the vines till at length the earle of Huntington with his companies came to their succors and entring by the gate which was open easilie did beat backe the enimies got the market place Which when the lord Lisle Adam capteine of the towne perceiued he opened the gate towards Paris line 50 by the which he with all his retinue and diuerse of the townesmen to the number of ten thousand in all as Enguerant de Monstr recounteth fled towards Paris taking awaie with them their coine iewels and plate Some of them fleeing towards Beauuois were met with and stripped of that they had by Iehan de Guigni and Iehan de Claw two capteins that serued the Orlientiall faction There were within the towne of Pontoise at that time when it was thus taken by the Englishmen a line 60 thousand lances and two thousand arcâ—balisters as Thomas Walsingham affirmeth and of Englishmen and Gascoignes that went first foorth of Mante with the captau de Buef not past fiftéene hundred as Hall reporteth although Enguerant de Monstrellet saith they were about thrée thousand But how manie soeuer they were they durst not at the first by reason of their small number as may be thought once diuide themselues or deale with booties till about the houre of prime that the duke of Clarence came to their aid with fiue thousand men who much praising the valiantnesse of the earle and his retinue that had thus woone the towne gaue to them the chéefe spoile of the which there was great plentie Then went the duke foorth towards Paris and comming thither lodged before it two daies and two nights without perceiuing anie proffer of issue to be made foorth against him by his enimies and therefore seeing they durst not once looke vpon him he returned to Pontoise for the taking of which towne the whole countrie of France and speciallie the Parisians were sore dismaied sith now there was no fortresse able to
Venturum virtutis indelebile lumen Celso animâ— prorsus leni quoque pectore ciues Nâ—n solum at iustos hostes fideÃquâ— probatae Dilexit niueo raro iraâ—undior ore Of learned men and writers these I find remembred by Bale and others to haue liued in the daies of this noble and valiant king Henrie the fift First Alaine de Lin borne in Lin and professed a Carmelite frier in that towne he at length became prior of that conuent proceeded doctor of diuinitie in Cambridge and wrote manie treatises Thomas Otterborne that wrote an historie of England is thought to liue about this season he was a Franciscan or graie frier as they called them a great student both in diuinitie and philosophie Iohn Seguard an excellent poet and a rhetorician kept a schoole and read to his scholers in Norwich as is supposed writing sundrie treatises reproouing as well the profaning of the christian religion in monks and priests as the abuse of poetrie in those that tooke vpon them to write filthie verses and rimes Robert Rose a frier of the Carmelites order in Norwich commonlie called the white friers both an excellent philosopher and diuine procéeded doctor at Oxenford promoted to be prior of his house and writing diuerse treatises amongst all the sophists of his time as saith Bale he offended none of the Wickleuists who in that season set foorth purelie the word of God as maie appeare by his workes Moreouer Iohn Lucke a doctor of diuinitie in Oxenford a sore enimie to the Wiekleuists Richard Caister borne in Norfolke vicar of saint Stephans in Norwich a man of great holinesse and puritie in life fauouring though secretlie the doctrine of the Wickleuists and reproouing in his sermons the vnchast manners and filthie example that appeared in the cleargie Of sir Iohn Oldcastell lord Cobham ye haue heard before William Walleis a blacke frier in Lin and prouinciall of his order here in England made a booke of moralizations vpon Ouids Metamorphôseis comparable to postils vpon Aesops Fables Richard Snetisham a student in Oxenford where he profited so greatlie in learning and wisedome that he was accounted the chéefest in all that vniuersitie in respect whereof he was made chancellor of the same chosen also to be one of the twelue to examine and iudge vpon Wickliffes doctrine by the archbishop of Canturburie Iohn Langdene a monke of Christes church in Canturburie an other of those twelue William Tailor a priest and a master of art in Oxenford a stedfast follower of Wickliffes doctrine burnt for the same in Smithfield at London the second day of March in the yeare of our Lord 1422 last of king Henrie the fift his reigne Furthermore Richard Grasdale student in Oxenford one of those twelue also William Lindwood a lawier excellentlie learned as well in the ciuill as canon lawes aduanced to the seruice of this king and made by him kéeper of the priuie seale sent in ambassage both to the kings of Spaine and Portingale about businesse of most weightie importance It is said that he was promoted to the bishoprike of saint Dauid Bartholomew Florarius supposed as Bale saith by Nicholas Brigham to be an Englishman wrote a treatise called Florarium whereof he tooke his surname and also an other treatise of abstinence in which he reprooueth certeine corrupt manners in the cleargie and the profession of friers mendicants Adam Hemmelington a Carmelite frier studied both in Oxenford and Paris William Batecombe is placed by Bale about the time of other learned men that liued in this kings time he was an excellent mathematician as by the the title of his works which he wrote it should appeare Titus Liuius de Foro Luuisiis liued also in these daies an Italian borne but sith he was both resiant here and wrote the life of this king I haue thought good to place him among other of our English writers One there was that translated the said historie into English adding as it were by waie of notes in manie places of that booke sundrie things for the more large vnderstanding of the historie a copie line 10 whereof I haue séene belonging to Iohn Stow citizen of London There was also about the same time an other writer who as I remember hath followed the said Liuius in the order of his booke as it were chapter for chapter onelie changing a good familiar and easie stile which the said Liuius vsed into a certeine poeticall kind of writing a copie whereof I haue séene in the life of this king partlie followed belonging to master Iohn Twine of Kent who as I was informed meant to leaue to posteritie some fruits of his labours for the due vnderstanding thereof Thus farre Henrie the fift sonne and successor to Henrie the fourth Henrie the sixt sonne and heire to Henrie the fift AFter that death had bereft the world of that noble prince king Henrie the fift his onelie sonne prince Henrie being of the age of nine moneths or thereabouts with the sound of trumpets was openlie proclamed king of England and France line 20 the thirtith daie of August by the name of Henrie the sixt in the yeare of the world fiue thousand three hundred eightie and nine after the birth of our Sauiour 1422 about the twelfe yeare of the emperour Frederike the third the fortith and two and last of Charles the sixt and the third yeare of Mordaks regiment after his father Robert gouernour of Scotland The custodie of this yoong prince was appointed to Thomas duke of Excester to Henrie Beauford bishop of Winchester The duke of Bedford was line 30 deputed regent of France and the duke of Glocester was ordeined protectour of England who taking vpon him that office called to him wise and graue councellors by whose aduise he prouided and tooke order as well for the good gouernment of the realme subiects of the same at home as also for the maintenance of the warres abroad and further conâ—uest to be made in France appointing valiant and expert capteins which should be readie when need required Besides this he gathered great summes of line 40 monie to mainteine men of warre and left nothing forgotten that might aduance the good estate of the realme While these things were a dooing in England the duke of Bedford regent of France studied most earnestlie not onelie to keepe and well order the countries by king Henrie late conquered but also determined not to leaue off warre trauell till Charles the Dolphin which was now assâ—te because king Charles his father in the moneth of October in this present yeare was departed to God should either be subdued or brought to obeisance And suerlie the death of this king Charles caused alterations in France For a great manie of the nobilitie which before either for feare of the English puissance or for the loue of this king Charles whose authoritie they followed held on the English part did now reuolt to the Dolphin with all indeuour
sir Francis called the Aragoignois a noble capteine of the English part in Normandie tooke by force and policie the towne of Montargis with a great preie of treasure and prisoners and put therein a garrison leauing it well furnished with vittels and munition About the same time the earle of Arundell being truelie informed that the lord Bousac marshall of France was come to Beauuois intending to doo some feat in Normandie assembled the number of thrée and twentie hundred men and comming néere to the said towne of Beauuois sent a great number of light horssemen to run before the towne to traine out the Frenchmen within the which issuing out and following the English horssemen vnto their stale were so inclosed and fought with that in maner all the number of them saue a few which fled backe into the towne with the marshall were slaine or taken Amongst other of the cheefest prisoners that valiant capteine Pouton de Santrails was one who without delaie was exchanged for the lord Talbot before taken prisoner at the battell of Pataie There was also taken one called the sheepheard a simple man and a sillie soule but yet of such reputation for his supposed holinesse amongst the Frenchmen that if he touched the wall of any of their aduersaries townes they beléeued verelie it would incontinentlie fall downe This chance succéeded not fortunatlie alone vnto the English nation for Richard Beauchampe earle of Warwike had a great skirmish before the towne of Gournie where he discomfited and repelled his enimies and beside those that were slaine he tooke fortie horssemen all being gentlemen of name and armes Like chance happened to the fréends of king Charles towards the marches of Lorraine where Reigner duke of Bar besieged the towne of Uaudemont perteining to the earle thereof named Anthonie cousine to the same duke Reigner This earle before the dukes approching left a conuenient crue within the towne to defend it and with all spéed rode to the dukes of Bedford and Burgognie being then at the foresaid great triumph at Paris where he purchased such fauour at their hands bicause he had euer taken their parts that not onelie sir Iohn Fastolfe was appointed to go with him hauing in his companie six hundred archers but also the duke of Burgognies marshall named sir Anthonie Toulongon accompanied with fiftéene hundred other men of warre When the duke of Bar heard that his enimies were thus comming towards him like a hardie capteine he raised his siege and met face to face with the earle and his companie betwéene whome was a cruell and mortall battell The horssemen of the French side endured long but in conclusion the English archers so galled their horsses and so wounded the men that the Barrois Almains and other of duke Reigners side were compelled to flee In the chase was taken the duke of Bar the bishop of Metz the lord of of Roquedemaque sir Euerard of Salseburgh the Uicont Darcie and two hundred other beside three thousand which were slaine In this luckie time also no lesse occasion of victorie was offered to the Englishmen in an other part if they could haue vsed it with such circumspect warinesse as had beene expedient For Robert lord Willoughbie and Matthew Gough a valiant Welshman with fifteene hundred Englishmen laid siege to a towne in Aniou called saint Seuerine Whereof line 10 Charles the French king being aduertised sent with all speed the lord Ambrose de Lore with manie noble men to the succours of them within the towne wherof the same lord Ambrose was capteine and therefore made the more hast to releeue his deputie and the other being streictlie besieged but yet staied at the towne of Beaumont till his whole power might come to him The Englishmen aduertised of this intent of the capteine came vpon him in the night and found the line 20 Frenchmens watch so out of order that a thousand men were entered into the campe before they were espied by reason whereof the Englishmen found small resistance But when the daie began to appeare and that the sunne had set foorth his bright beames abroad that all things might be seene the Englishmen giuen wholie to spoile followed not their enimies in chase but being contented with their preie and gaine began to retreit toward the siege againe line 30 which the lord Willoughbie still mainteined with a part of the armie But sée the chance The Frenchmen which were coÌ„ming after hearing by the noise of the people that some fraie was at hand put spurres to their horsses and set on the Englishmen pestered with bag and baggage of the spoile and preie which they had gotten in the French campe The other of the Frenchmen which before had fled returned againe and aided their fellowes so that the Englishmen being taken out of order were compelled to flée of whome line 40 Matthew Gough and diuerse other were taken prisoners And yet of the other part manie were slaine and a great number taken amongst whom was the lord de Lore who for all that the Frenchmen could doo was kept and not deliuered The lord Willoughbie hearing of this mishap raised his siege and departed verie sore displeased in his mind but could not remedie it About this season Nicholas the cardinall of the holie crosse was sent into France as a legat from line 50 Eugenie the fourth as then bishop of Rome to treat a peace betwéene the Englishmen and Frenchmen But when after great instance and labour made betweene the parties he saw their obstinate and froward minds nothing inclined to anie agréement he wan so much at their hands by earnest sute that a truce was granted to indure for six yeares to come but as the same was hardlie granted so was it of the Frenchmen soone and lightlie broken For the bastard line 60 of Orleance newlie made earle of Dunois tooke by treson the towne of Chartres from the Englishmen affirming by the law of armes that stealing or buieng a towne without inuasion or assault was no breach of league amitie or truce In which towne he slue the bishop bicause he was a Burgognian Hereby did new malice increase and mortall warre began eftsoones to be put in vre Whilest these things were dooing in France the cardinall of Winchester was come backe againe into England to appease certeine commotions and sturres aâ—tempted by sundrie persons vnder colour of religion but after that William Mandeuile and Iohn Sharpe the chéefe authors thereof were apprehended and executed by the gouernour and the kings iustices the residue yeelded and confessed their offenses whereof two articles were these as some write that priests should haue no possessions and that all things by the order of charitie among christian people should be in common Other thought their opinions were not such errours but that their enimies spread abroad such rumors of them to make them more odious to the people After that a parlement was called by
manie a plage which otherwise might haue béene aucided All which battels togither with those that were tried betweene Edward the fourth after his inthronization and Henrie the sixt after his extermination as at Exham Doncaster and Teukesburie are remembred by Anglorum praelia in good order of pithie poetrie as followeth Nobilitata inter plures haec sunt loca caede Albani fanum Blorum borealis Ampton Banbrecum campis Barnettum collibus haerens Experrectorum pagus fanúmque seâ—undò Albani propior Scoticis confinibus Exam Contiguóque istis habitantes rure coloni Moerentes hodie quoties proscindit arator Arua propinqua locis dentale reuellere terra Semisepulta virûm sulcis Cerealibus ossa Moesta execrantur planctu ciuile duellum Quo periere â—ominum plus centum millia caesa Nobile Todcastrum clades accepta coegit Millibus enectis ter denis nomen habere Vltima postremae locus est Teuxburia pugnae Oppidulis his accedens certissima testis Bello intestino sluuios fluxisse cruoris But now before we procéed anie further sith the reigne of king Henrie maie séeme here to take end we will specifie some such learned men as liued in his time Iohn Leland surnamed the elder in respect of the other Iohn Leland that painefull antiquarie of our time wrote diuerse treatises for the instruction of grammarians Iohn Hainton a line 10 Carmelit or white frier as they called them of Lincolne Robert Colman a Franciscane frier of Norwich and chancellor of the vniuersitie of Oxenford William White a priest of Kent professing the doctrine of Wickliffe and forsaking the order of the Romane church married a wife but continued his office of preaching till at length in the yeare 1428 he was apprehended and by William bishop of Norwich and the doctors of the friers mendicants charged with thirtie articles which he mainteined contrarie line 20 to the doctrine of the Romane church and in September the same yeare suffered death by fire Alexander Carpentar a learned man set foorth a booke called Destructorium vitiorum wherein he inueieth against the prelats of the church of that time for their crueltie vsed in persecuting the poore and godlie christians Richard Kendall an excellent grammarian Iohn Bate warden of the white friers in Yorke but borne in the borders of Wales an excellent philosopher and a diuine he was also séene in the line 30 Gréeke toong a thing rare in those daies Peter Basset esquier of the priuie chamber to king Henrie the fift whose life he wrote Iohn Pole a priest that wrote the life of saint Walburgh daughter to one Richard a noble man of this realme of England which Walburgh as he affirmeth builded our ladie church in Antwerpe Thomas Ismaelit a monke of Sion Walter Hilton a Chartreaux monke also of Shiene either of those wrote certeine treatises full of superstition as Iohn Bale noteth line 40 Thomas Walden so called of the towne where he was borne but his fathers surname was Netter a white frier of London and the thrée and twentith prouinciall gouernour of his order a man vndoubtedlie learned and thoroughlie furnished with cunning of the schooles but a sore enimie to them that professed the doctrine of Wickliffe writing sundrie great volumes and treatises against them he died at Rone in Normandie the second of Nouember in line 50 the yeare one thousand foure hundred and thirtie Richard Ullerston borne in Lancashire wrote diuerse treatises of diuinitie Peter Clearke a student in Oxenford and a defendor of Wickliffes doctrine wherevpon when he feared persecution here in England he fled into Boheme but yet at length he was apprehended by the imperialists and died for it as some write but in what order is not expressed Robert Hounslow a religious man of an house in Hounslow beside London whereof he tooke his line 60 surname Thomas Walsingham borne in Norffolke in a towne there of the same name but professed a monke in the abbeie of saint Albons a diligent historiographer Iohn Tilneie a white frier of Yermouth but a student in Cambridge and prooued an excellent diuine Richard Fleming a doctor of diuinitie in Oxenford of whome more at large before pag. 604. Iohn Low borne in Worcestershire an Augustine frier a doctor of diuinitie and prouinciall in England of his order and by king Henrie the sixt made first bishop of saint Asaph and after remooued from thense to Rochester Thomas Ringsted the yoonger not the same that was bishop but a doctor of the law and vicar of Mildenhall in Suffolke a notable preacher and wrote diuerse treatises Iohn Felton a doctor of diuinitie of Madgdalen college in Oxenford Nicholas Botlesham a Carmelit frier borne in Cambridgeshire and student first in the vniuersitie of Cambridge and after in Paris where he proceeded doctor of diuinitie Thomas Rudburne a monke of Winchester and an historiographer Iohn Holbrooke borne in Surrie a great philosopher and well séene in the mathematiks Peter Paine an earnest professor of Wickliffes doctrine and fearing persecution here in England fled into Boheme where he remained in great estimation for his great learning no lesse wisedome Nicholas Upton a ciuilian wrote of heraldrie of colours in armorie and of the dutie of chiualrie William Beckeleie a Carmelit frier of Sandwich warden of the house there a diuine and professed degree of schoole in Cambridge Iohn Torpe a Carmelit frier of Norwich Iohn Capgraue borne in Kent and Augustine frier procéeded doctor of diuinitie in Oxenford was admitted prouinciall of his order and prooued without controuersie the best learned of anie of that order of friers here in England as Iohn Bale affirmeth he wrote manie notable volumes and finallie departed this life at Lin in Norffolke the twelfth of August in the yere 1464 which was in the fourth yeare of king Edward the fourth Humâ—rie duke of Glocester earle of Penbroke and lord chamberlaine of England also protector of the realme during the minoritie of his nephue king Henrie the sixt was both a great fauourer of learned men and also verie well learned himselfe namelie in astrologie whereof beside other things he wrote a speciall treatise intituled Tabula directionum Iohn Whethamsted otherwise called Frumentarius was abbat of saint Albons and highlie in fauor with the good duke of Glocester last remembred he wrote diuerse treatises and among others a booke as it were of the records of things chancing whilest he was abbat which booke I haue séene and partlie in some parcell of this kings time haue also followed Roger Onleie borne in the west countrie as Bale thinketh was accused of treason for practising with the ladie Eleanor Cobham by sorcerie to make the king awaie and was thereof condemned and died for it though he were innocent thereof as some haue thought he wrote a treatise intituled Contra vulgi superstitiones also another De sua innocentia Nicholas Cantlow a Welshman borne descended of an ancient familie in Southwales as by
Bale it should appeare he became a frier Carmelit in Bristow Henrie Wichingham a Carmelit frier of Norwich a notable diuine a great preacher and wrote also sundrie treatises of diuinitie Iohn Lidgate a monke of Burie an excellent poet and chiefe in his time in that facultie of all other that practised the same within this land he trauelled thorough France and Italie to learne the languages and sciences how greatlie he profited in atteining to knowledge the workes which he wrote doo sufficientlie testifie Nicholas Hostresham an excellent physician Iohn Blackeneie a religious man of the order of the Trinitie intituled De redemptione captiuorum and prior of an house of the same order at Ingham in Norffolke he was surnamed Blackeneie of the towne where he was borne Thomas Beckington bishop of Bath wrote against the law Salique by which law the Frenchmen would seclude the princes of this realme from their title vnto the crowne of France Iohn Baringham a Carmelite frier of Gippeswich in Suffolke Dauid Bois borne in Wales and a frier Carmelit professed in Glocester a doctor of diuinitie Iohn Brome an Augustine frier Michaell Trigurie a Cornishman borne whome for his excellencie and learning king Henrie the fift appointed to be gouernour of that schoole or vniuersitie which he instituted in the citie of Caen in Normandie after he had brought it vnder his subiection Iohn Amundisham a moonke of saint Albons Oswald Anglicus a moonke of the Chartreux order Iohn Keningale a Carmelit frier of Norwich Peter De sancta line 10 fide a Carmelit also of Norwich Reginald Pecocke bishop of Chichester of whome ye haue heard before he was borne in Wales and student in Oriall college in Oxenford where he procéeded doctor of diuinitie he wrote manie treatises touching the christian religion Iohn surnamed Burie of the towne where he was borne an Augustine frier in the towne of Clare in Suffolke Robert Fleming a man perfect in the Gréeke and Latine toong among whose works some haue line 20 béene séene vnder these titles namelie Lucubrationum Tiburtinarm lib. 1. a dictionarie in Gréeke and Latine and a worke in verse of sundrie kinds this man was of most fame in the yeare of our Lord 1470 which was in the tenth yeare of Edward the fourth though he were not obscure also in the daies of this Henrie the sixt Thomas Gascoigne borne at Hunfléete in Yorkeshire of that worshipfull familie of the Gascoignes there a doctor of diuinitie and chancellor of the vniuersitie of Oxenford William Stapilhart borne in Kent but by profession a white frier line 30 in London Robert Fimingham borne in Norffolke a Franciscan frier in Norwich Nicholas Montacute an historiographer Iohn Chandler chancellor of Welles William Botoner descended of a good house a knight by degrée and borne in Bristow verie studious in antiquities and other sciences Iohn Stow a monke of Norwich but student in Oxenford where he procéeded doctor of diuinitie Thomas Langleie a monke of Hulme Nicholas Bungeie borne in a towne of Norffolke of that line 40 name wrote an historie called Adunationes chronicorum Henrie Beauford bishop of Winchester base sonne to Iohn duke of Lancaster of whome before we haue made sufficient mention made cardinall by pope Martine the fourth in the yeare 1426 Adam Homlington a Carmelit frier William Coppinger maister of the vniuersitie of Oxenford Thomas Stacie an expert mathematician and no lesse skilfull in astronomie Iohn Talaugerne a moonke of Worcester William Sutton an astrologian Robert Balsacke wrote a booke intituled De re militari that is to saie of warre or chiualrie so that as is thought he was both a good souldier and a painefull student of good letters Thomas Dando a Carmelit frier of Marleburgh he wrote the life of Alphred king of west Saxons William Graie borne of the noble house of the Graies of Codnor he went to atteine to some excellencie of learning in Italie where he heard that noble clearke Guarinus Ueronensis read in Ferrara he was preferred to the bishoprike of Elie in the yéere 1454 by pope Nicholas the fift when Thomas Bourchier was translated from thense to Canturburie Iohn Kempe archbishop of Yorke and after remooued from thense to Canturburie as before ye haue heard he was made cardinall of S. Albin by pope Eugenie the fourth Adam Molins as Bale calleth him kéeper of the kings priuie seale excellentlie learned in time of the ciuill warre betwixt king Henrie and the duke of Yorke in which he lost his head Thomas Chillenden a doctor both of the law ciuill and canon became at length a moonke in Canturburie Robert Bale surnamed the elder excellentlie learned in the lawes of the realme recorder of London gathered as it were a chronicle of the customes lawes foundations changes restoring magistrats offices orders and publike assemblies of the citie of London with other matters touching the perfect description of the same citie he wrote other works also touching the state of the same citie and the acts of king Edward the third he departed this life in the yeare of our Lord 1461 euen about the beginning of the reigne of king Edward the fourth vnto whome we will now againe returne Thus farre the tragicall historie of Henrie the sixt depriued of his roialtie Edward the fourth earle of March sonne and heire to Richard duke of Yorke AFter that this prince Edward earle of March had taken vpon him the gouernement of this realme of England as before ye haue heard the morow next insuing being the fourth of March he rode to the church of saint Paule and there offered and after Te Deum soong with great solemnitie he was conueied to Westminster and there set in the hall with the scepter roiall in his hand whereto people in great numbers assembled His claime to the crowne was declared to be by two maner of waies the first as sonne and heire to duke Richard his father right inheritor to the same the second by authoritie of parlement and forfeiture committed by king Henrie Wherevpon it was againe demanded of the commons if they would admit and take the said erle as their prince and souereigne lord which all with one voice cried Yea yea This part thus plaied he entered into Westminster church vnder a canopie with solemne procession and there as king offered and herewith taking the homages of all the nobles there present he returned by water to London and was lodged in the bishops palace and on the morrow after he was proclamed king by the name of Edward the fourth throughout the citie This was in the yeare of the world 5427 and after the birth of our Sauiour 1461 after our accompt beginning the yeare at Christmasse but after line 10 the vsuall accompt of the church of England 1460 the twentith of emperour Frederike the third the nine and thirtith and last of Charles the seuenth French king and first yeare of the reigne of Iames the third king of Scots Whilest
person qualities I will referre you to that which sir Thomas More hath written of him in that historie which he wrote and left vnfinished of his sonne Edward the fift and of his brother king Richard the third which we shall God line 40 willing hereafter make you partaker of as we find the same recorded among his other workes word for word when first we haue according to our begun order rehearsed such writers of our nation as liued in his daies As first Nicholas Kenton borne in Suffolke a Carmelit frier in Gippeswich prouinciall of his order through England Henrie Parker a Carmelit frier of Doncaster preached against the pride of prelats line 50 and for such doctrine as he set foorth was imprisoned with his fellow Thomas Holden and a certeine blacke frier also for the like cause Parker was forced to recant thrée speciall articles as Bale noteth out of Leland Iohn Harding an esquier borne in the north parts wrote a chronicle in English verse and among other speciall points therein touched he gathered all the submissions and homages had and made by the Scotish kings euen from the daies of king Athelstan whereby it euidentlie may line 60 appeare how the Scotish kingdome euen in manner from the first establishing thereof here in Britaine hath beene apperteining vnto the kings of England and holden of them as their chéefe superior lords William Iue a doctor of diuinitie and prebendarie of saint Paules in London Thomas Wilton a diuine and deane of the said church of Paules in London Iulian Bemes a gentlewoman indued with excellent gifts both of bodie and mind wrote certeine treatises of hawking and hunting delighting greatlie hir selfe in those exercises and pastimes she wrote also a booke of the lawes of armes and knowledge apperteining to heralds Iohn Stamberie borne in the west parts of this realme a Carmelit frier and confessor to king Henrie the sixt he was also maister of Eaton colledge and after was made bishop of Bangor and remooued from thence to the sée of Hereford Iohn Slueleie an Augustine frier prouinciall of his order Iohn Fortescue a iudge and chancellor of England wrote diuerse treatises concerning the law and politike gouernement Rochus a Chaterhouse moonke borne in London of honest parents and studied in the vniuersitie of Paris he wrote diuerse epigrams Iohn Phreas borne also in London was fellow of Balioll colledge in Oxenford and after went into Italie where he heard Guarinus that excellent philosopher read in Ferrara he prooued an excellent physician and a skilfull lawier there was not in Italie whilest he remained there that passed him in eloquence knowledge of both the toongs Gréeke and Latine Walter Hunt a Carmelit frier a great diuine and for his excellencie in learning sent from the whole bodie of this realme vnto the generall councell holden first at Ferrara and after at Florence by pope Eugenius the fourth where he disputed among other with the Gréekes in defense of the order and ceremonies of the Latine church Thomas Wighenhall a moonke of the order called Premonstratensis in the abbie of Durham in Norffolke Iohn Gunthorpe went into Italie where he heard that eloquent learned man Guarinus read in Ferrara after his comming home into England he was deane of Welles and kéeper of the priuie seale Iohn Hambois an excellent musician and for his notable cunning therein made doctor of musicke William Caxton wrote a chronicle called Fructus temporum and an appendix vnto Treuisa beside diuerse other bookes and translations Iohn Miluerton a Carmelit frier of Bristow and prouinciall of his order through England Ireland and Scotland at length bicause he defended such of his order as preached against endowments of the church with temporall possessions he was brought into trouble committed to prison in castell S. Angelo in Rome where he continued thrée yeares and at length was deliuered thorough certeine of the cardinals that were appointed his iudges Dauid Morgan a Welsh man treasuror of the church of Landaffe wrote of the antiquities of Wales a description of the countrie Iohn Tiptoff a noble man borne a great traueller excellentlie learned and wrote diuerse treatises and finallie lost his head in the yeare 1471 in time of the ciuill warre betwixt the houses of Yorke and Lancaster Iohn Shirwood bishop of Durham Thomas Kent an excellent philosopher Robert Huggon borne in Norffolke in a towne called Hardingham wrote certeine vaine prophesies Iohn Maxfield a learned physician William Gréene a Carmelit frier Thomas Norton borne in Bristow an alcumist Iohn Meare a moonke of Norwich Richard Porland borne in Norffolke a Franciscane frier and a doctor of diuinitie Thomas Milling a moonke of Westminster a doctor of diuinitie and preferred to the bishoprike of Hereford Scogan a learned gentleman and student for a time in Oxford of a plesant wit and bent to merrie deuises in respect whereof he was called into the court where giuing himselfe to his naturall inclination of mirth pleasant pastime he plaied manie sporting parts although not in such vnciuill maner as hath beene of him reported Thus farre the prosperous reigne of Edward the fourth sonne and heire to Richard duke of Yorke The historie of king Edward the fift and king Richard the third vnfinished written by maister Thomas More then one of the vnder shiriffes of London about the yeare of our Lord 1513 according to a copie of his owne hand printed among his other workes KIng Edward the fourth of that name after that he had liued fiftie three yeeres year 1483 seuen moneths and six daies and thereof reigned two and twentie yeares one moneth eight daies died at Westminster the ninth daie of Aprill the yeare of our redemption a thousand foure hundred fourescore and thrée leauing much faire issue that is to wit Edward the prince a thirtéene line 10 yeares of age Richard duke of Yorke two yeares yoonger Elizabeth whose fortune and grace was after to be quéene wife vnto king Henrie the seuenth and mother vnto the eight Cicilie not so fortunate as faire Briget which representing the vertue of hir whose name she bare professed and obserued a religious life in Dertford an house of close nunnes Anne that was after honorablie married vnto Thomas then lord Howard and after earle of Surrie and Katharine which long time tossed in either fortune sometime in wealth oft in aduersitie at the line 20 last if this be the last for yet she liueth is by the benignitie of hir nephue king Henrie the eight in verie prosperous estate and worthie hir birth and vertue This noble prince deceassed at his palace of Westminster and with great funerall honor and heauines of his people from thence conueied was interred at Windsor A king of such gouernance behauior in time of peace for in warre each part must néeds be others enimie that there was neuer anie prince of line 30 this land atteining the crowne by battell so heartilie beloued with the
horsse clothed in tissue brodered with roses of fine gold and ouerthwart his bodie a great bauderike of gold great and massi◠his horsse trapped in gold leading by a raine of silke the kings spare horsse trapped bard wise with harnesse brodred with bullion gold curiouslie wrought by goldsmiths Then next followed the nine children of honor vpon great coursers appareled on their bodies in blue veluet powdered with floure delices of gold chaines of goldsmiths worke euerie one of their horsses trapped with a trapper of the kings title as of England and France Gascoigne Guien Normandie Angiou Cornewall Wales Ireland c wrought vpon veluets with imbroderie and goldsmiths worke Then next following in order came the quéenes retinue as lords knights esquiers and gentlemen in their degrées well mounted and richlie apparelled in tissue cloth of gold of siluer tinsels and veluets imbrodered fresh and goodlie to behold The quéene then by name Katharine sitting in hir litter borne by two white palfries the litter couered and richlie appareled and the palfries trapped in white cloth of gold hir person apparelled in white satin imbrodered hir haire hanging downe to hir backe of very great length beautifull and goodlie to hehold on hir head a coronall set with manie rich orient stones Next after six honorable personages on white palfries all apparelled in cloth of gold and then a chariot couered and the ladies therein all apparelled in cloth of gold And another sort of ladies and then another chariot then the ladies next the chariot and so in order euerie one after their degrées in cloth of gold cloth of siluer tinsels and veluet with imbroderies Euerie couplement of the said chariots and the draught harnesses were powdered with ermins mixt with cloth of gold so with much ioy honour they came to Westminster where was high preparation made aswell for the said coronation as also for the solemne feasts and iusts therevpon to be had and doone The morrow following being sundaie and also Midsummer daie this noble prince with his quéene at time conuenient vnder their canopies borne by the barons of the fiue ports went from the said palace to Westminster abbaie vpon cloth called vulgarlie cloth of raie the which cloth was cut and spoiled by the rude and common people immediatlie after their repaire into the abbaie where according to the sacred obseruance ancient custome his grace with the quéene were annointed and crowned by the archbishop of Canturburie with other prelats of the realme there present and the nobilitie with a great multitude of commons of the same It was demanded of the people whether they would receiue obeie and take the same most noble prince for their king Who with great reuerence loue and desire said and cried Yea yea After the which solemnitie and coronation finished the lords spirituall and temporall did to him homage and returned to Westminster hall with the quéenes grace euerie one vnder their canopies where by the lord Marshall his tipped staues was made roome and euerie lord and other noble men according to their tenures before claimed and viewed séene and allowed by the lords and other of his graces councell entred into such roome and office that daie to execute their seruices accordinglie The kings estate on the right hand the queenes on the left hand the cupboord of nine stages their noble personages being set first at the bringing of the first course the trumpets sounded And in came the duke of Buckingham mounted vpon a great courser richlie trapped and imbrodered and the lord steward in likewise on an horsse trapped in cloth of gold riding before the seruice which was sumptuous with manie subtilties strange deuises with seuerall poses and manie deintie dishes At the kings feet vnder the table were certeine gentlemen and in likewise with the queene who there continued during that long and roiall feast What should I speake or write of the sumptuous fine and delicate meats prepared for this high and honorable coronation prouided for aswell in the parties beyond the seas as in manie and sundrie places within this realme where God so aboundantlie hath sent such plentie and foison line 10 Or of the honorable order of the seruices the cleane handeling and breaking of meats the ordering of the dishes with the plentifull abundance So that none of anie estate being there did lacke nor no honorable or worshipfull person went vnfeasted The second course being serued in at the hall doore entered a knight armed at all points his bases rich tissue embrodered a great plume and a sumptuous of ostrich feathers on his helmet sitting on a great courser trapped in tissue and embrodered with line 20 the armes of England and of France and an herald of armes before him And passing through the hall he presented himselfe with humble reuerence before the kings maiestie to whome Gartier king of heralds cried and said with a lowd voice Sir knight from whence come you and what is your pretense This knights name was sir Robert Dimmocke champion to the king by tenure of his inheritance who answered the said king of armes in effect after this maner Sir the place that I come from is not materiall line 30 nor the cause of my repaire hither is not concerning anie matter of anie place or countrie but onelie this and therewithall commanded his herald to make an O yes Then said the knight to the king of armes Now shall ye heare the cause of my cōming and pretense Then he commanded his owne herald by proclamation to saie If there be anie person of what estate or degree soeuer he be that will saie or proue that king Henrie the eight is not the rightfull inheritor and king of this realme I sir Robert line 40 Dimmocke here his champion offer my gloue to fight in his quarell with any person to the vtterance Which proclamation was made in sundrie places of the hall and at euerie time his gantlet cast downe in the maintenance thereof After these seuerall proclamations doone and offers made the said knight or champion eftsoones repaired to the kings presence demanding drinke to whome the kings grace sent a cup of gold with wine line 50 whereof after this knight had drunke he demanded the couer of the said cup which to him also was deliuered that doone he departed out of the hall with the said cup and couer as his owne The maner of his tenure is this that at the coronation of the king he shall go to the armorie and there take the kings best harnesse saue one the best and rich bases sauing one then of the plumes or other things for the garnishing of his creast or helme and so to the stable there taking the next courser or horsse to the best with like line 60 trappers so furnished to enter as afore and his office doone to haue all these things with the cup of gold and couer to his owne vse After
immediatlie sent to the tower and three daies after Connesbie was committed thither also They remained there in ward about ten daies and were then deliuered Sir Humfreie Browne was the kings sargeant at law sir Nicholas Hare was one of the kings councellors and speaker of the parlement who being then depriued was now againe thereto restored William Connesbie was attorneie of the dutchie of Lancaster In this parlement were freelie granted without contradictions foure fiftéenes and a subsidie of two shillings of lands and twelue pence of goods toward the kings great charges of making Bâ—lworkes The eighteenth of Aprill at Westminster was Thomas lord Cromwell created earle of Essex and ordeined great chamberleine of England which office the earles of Oxford were woont euer to enioie also Gregorie his sonne was made lord Cromwell The foure and twentith of Aprill Thomas lord Audleie chancellor of England with sir Anthonie Browne maister of the kings horsses were made knights of the night honourable order of the garter On Maie daie was a great triumph of iusting at Westminster which iusts had beene proclaimed in France Flanders Scotland and Spaine for all commers that would against the challengers of England which were sir Iohn Dudleie sir Thomas Seimer sir Thomas Poinings sir George Carew knights Anthonie Kingston and Richard Cromwell esquiers which said challengers came into the lists that daie richlie apparelled and their horsses trapped all in white veluet with certeine knights and gentlemen riding afore them apparelled all in white veluet and white sarsenet and all their seruants in white dublets and hozen cut after the Burgonion fashion and there came to iust against them the said daie of defendants fortie six the earle of Surrie being the formost lord William Howard lord Clinton and lord Cromwell sonne and heire to Thomas Cromwell earle of Essex and chamberleine of England with other which were richlie apparelled And that day sir Iohn Dudleie was ouerthrowne in the field by mischance of his horsse by one master line 10 Breme defendant neuerthelesse he brake diuerse speares valiantlie after that And after the said iusts were doone the said challengers rode to Durham place where they kept open houshold and feasted the king and quéene with hir ladies and all the court The second of Maie Anthonie Kingston Richard Cromwell were made knights at the said place The third of Maie the said challengers did tournie on horssebacke with swords against them came nine and twentie defendants sir Iohn Dudleie and the line 20 earle of Surrie running first who in the first course lost both their gantlets and that daie sir Richard Cromwell ouerthrew master Palmer in the field off his horsse to the great honor of the challengers On the fift of Maie the said challengers fought on foot at the barriers and against them came thirtie defendants which fought valiantlie but sir Richard Cromwell ouerthrew that daie at the barriers master Culpeper in the field The said challengers brake vp their houshold after line 30 they had kept open hospitalitie and feasted the king quéene and all the lords beside all the knights and burgesses of the common house in time of the parlement and the maior aldermen and all their wiues to their no small honor though great expense In the parlement which began the eightéenth of Aprill last past the religion of saint Iohns in England commonlie called the order of knights of the Rhodes was dissolued on the ascension day being the fift of Maie sir William Weston knight prior line 40 of saint Iohns departed this life for thought as was reported which he tooke to the heart after he heard of that dissolution of his order ¶ For the king tooke all the lands that belonged to that order into his hands to the augmentation of his crowne and gaue vnto euerie of the challengers aboue written for a reward of their valiantnesse a hundred marks and a house to dwell in of yearelie reuenues out of the said lands for euer The same moneth were sent to the Tower doctor line 50 Samson bishop of Chichester and doctor Wilson for reléeuing certeine traitorous persons and for the same offense was one Richard Farmer a grocer of London a rich and welthie man and of good estimation in the citie committed to the Marshalseie after at Westminster hall arreigned and atteinted in the premunire so that he lost all his goods ¶ The ninth daie of Iulie Thomas lord Cromwell late made earle of Essex as before you haue heard being in the councell chamber was suddenlie apprehended committed line 60 to the Tower of London the which manie lamented but more reioised and speciallie such as either had béene religious men or fauoured religious persons for they banketed triumphed togither that night manie wishing that that daie had béene seuen yeares before some fearing that he should escape although he were imprisoned could not be merie Other who knew nothing but truth by him both lamented him and heartilie praied for him But this is true that of certeine of the cleargie he was detestablie hated and speciallie such as had borne swinge and by his meanes were put from it for in déed he was a man that in all his dooings seemed not to fauor anie kind of poperie nor could not abide the snuffing pride of some prelats which vndoubtedlie whatsoeuer else was the cause of his death did shorten his life and procured the end that he was brought vnto which was that the ninteenth daie of the said moneth he was atteinted by parlement and neuer came to his answer which law manie reported that he caused first to be made howbeit the plaine truth thereof I know not The articles for which he died appeare in the records where his attaindor is written which are too long here to be rehearsed but to conclude he was there atteinted of heresie and high treason and the eight twentith of Iulie was brought to the scaffold on the Tower hill where he said these words following The words of the lord Cromwell spoken at his death I Am come hither to die and not to purge my selfe as may happen some thinke that I will for if I should so doo I were a verie wretch and a miser I am by the law condemned to die and thanke my Lord God that hath appointed me this death for mine offense For since the time that I came to yeares of discretion I haue liued a sinner and offended my Lord God for the which I aske him hartilie forgiuenesse And it is not vnknowne to manie of you that I haue beene a great traueller in the world and being but of a base degree was called to high estate And since the time I came therevnto I haue offended my prince for the which I aske him hartilie forgiuenesse and beseech you all to praie to God with me that he will forgiue me O Father forgiue me O Sonne forgiue me O Holie ghost
long before their execution that his desire to returne into Kent was onelie to shift himselfe ouer the sea The lord Warden being at Rochester as yée haue heard well furnished both with horsse and men perfectlie appointed to no small number was willing to haue followed after Wiat and to haue shewed his good will against him in the quéens quarrell but yet vpon deliberation had aduise taken with others that were there with him he thought good first to vnderstand the quéenes pleasure how to proceed in his dealings and heervpon he rode post to the queene himselfe leauing the lord of Aburgauennie and the rest of the gentlemen with his and their bands behind till his returne On sundaie the fourth of Februarie the lord admerall caused a strong ward of three hundred men to be kept on the bridge till eight of the clocke at night and then for their reléefe entred the watch of other thrée hundred so that the bridge was thus garded both daie and night with thrée hundred men in armor It troubled Wiat and all his companie verie sore to sée that London did so stiffelie stand and hold out against them for in the assistance which they looked to haue had of that citie all their hope of prosperous spéed consisted But now that they saw themselues greatlie disappointed therein they meant yet to set all on a hazard And so the sixt of Februarie being Shrouetuesdaie afore six of the clocke in the morning they departed out of Southworke marching directlie towards Kingstone ten miles distant from London standing vpon the Thames where they arriued about foure of the clocke in the after noone and finding thirtie foot or thereabout of the bridge taken awaie sauing the posts that were left standing Wiat practised with two mariners to swim ouer and to conueie a barge line 10 to him which the mariners through great promises of preferment accordinglie did wherein Wiat and certeine with him were conueied ouer who in the meane time that the number of soldiors baited in the towne caused the bridge to be repared with ladders planks and beames the same being tied togither with ropes and boords so as by ten of the clocke in the night it was in such plight that both his ordinance and companies of men might passe ouer without perill And so about eleuen of the clocke in the line 20 same night Wiat with his armie passing ouer the bridge without either resistance or perill before it could be once knowne at the court marched toward London meaning as some haue written to haue bin at the court gate before daie that morning Neuertheles before he came within six miles of the citie staieng for a péece of his great artillerie which was dismounted by the waie his comming was discouered before daie wherby the erle of Penbroke generall of the quéenes armie was with his men in good line 30 order of battell in S. Iames field beside Westminster two or thrée houres yer Wiat could rech thither The earle hauing vnderstanding by his espials what waie Wiat would march placed his armie in this order First in a field on the west side of saint Iames were all his men of armes and demilances ouer against whome in the lane next to the parke were placed all the light horssemen All which bands of horssemen were vnder the charge of the lord Clinton being marshall of the field The great artillerie line 40 was planted in the middest and highest place of the causeie next to the house of saint Iames with certeine field peeces lieng on the flanke of ech battell After that both the armies were in sight and that the great artillerie began to thunder from either side without harme as it happened to either of both Wiat perceiuing that he could not come vp the fore right waie without great disaduantage when he was come to the parke corner he leauing the causeie swarued and tooke the nether waie towards line 50 saint Iames. Which being perceiued by the quéenes horssemen who laie on either side of him they gaue a sudden charge and diuided his battell asunder hard behind Wiats ensignes whereby so manie as were not passed before with Wiat were forced to flie backe towards Brainford and certeine of his companie which escaped the charge passed by the backeside of saint Iames towards Westminster and from thense to the court and finding the gates shut against them staid there a while and shot off manie line 60 arrowes into the windowes and ouer into the garden neuerthelesse without anie hurt there that was knowne Wherevpon the said rebels ouer whom one Kneuet was capteine perceiuing themselues to be too few to doo anie great feat there departed from thense to follow Wiat who was gone before toward London and being on their waie at Charing-crosse were there incountered by sir Henrie Ierningham capteine of the queenes gard sir Edward Braie master of the ordinance and sir Philip Paris knights which were sent by the order of the earle of Penbroke with a band of archers and certeine field péeces for the rescue of the court who incountered the said rebels at Charingcrosse aforesaid after they had dischaged their field péeces vpon them ioined with those rebels halfe armed and halfe vnarmed at the push of the pike verie soone dispersed their power whereof some fled into the lane toward saint Giles some on the other side by a brewhouse towards the Thames In this conflict which was the chiefe triall of that daie there was not found slaine to the number of twentie of those rebels Which happened by reason that vpon their ioining with the quéens soldiors the one part could not be discerned from the other but onelie by the mire and dur◠taken by the waie which stacke vpon their garments comming in the night wherefore the crie on the quéenes part that daie was Downe with the daggle tailes But now to returne to Wiat of whome ye heard before who being come to the parke corner and perceiuing the perill apparant if he should haue marched straight vpon the earls battels which were ranged on either side of the causeie did therefore politikelie turne from the great causeie marching along the wall of the house of saint Iames towards London which could not haue béene without his no little losse of manie of his traine if those that had the charge on that side the field had béene as forward in seruice as the earle with his battell and the horssemen before shewed themselues to be Neuerthelesse Wiat following his purposed enterprise which was to haue entered into London where he hoped of great aid marched on with the small companie that was left him as far as a common inne called the Bell sauage néere to Ludgate beléeuing to haue found some readie there to haue receiued him wherin his hope was much deceiued finding the said gate fast shut and stronglie garded with a number as well of most honest citizens as
in hast came one from monsieur Destrees that stood at the rampire aduising him to send his souldiors to the wals otherwise that the Swisses line 40 would assuredlie enter So constreined his lordship promised them to compound and so he got them to the wals Then my lord going to councell at length agreed vpon these conditions First that the castell with all the furniture therin as well vittels as great artillerie powder and all other munitions of warre should be wholie rendred without wasting hiding or minishment thereof Secondarilie that the lord Greie with all the capteins officers and others hauing charge there should remaine prisoners at the line 50 dukes pleasure to be ransomed after the maner of warre Thirdlie that all the rest as well souldiors as others should depart with their armors and baggage to what parties it séemed them best neuerthelesse to passe without sound of drum or trumpet or ensigne and to leaue them behind These articles sent by monsieur Destrees to the duke were accepted so in the after noone the duke himselfe came receiued the keies of my lord Greie who presentlie went out and was giuen to the marshall Strozzie line 60 and from him sold to monsieur de Randan by whom he came into his brother the counte de Rochefoucalt his hands and there rested till he was redéemed for foure and twentie thousand crownes The daie following that is saie the two and twentith of Ianuarie all the souldiors of the said fortresse of Guisnes as well English as strangers with all the rest of the inhabitants and other excepted the lord Greie himselfe maister Arthur Greie his son sir Henrie Palmer knight Montdragon capteine of the Spaniards and other men of charge reserued by the composition departed with their bag and baggage from thense towards Flanders At whose issuing foorth there were estéemed to the number of eight or nine hundred able men for the warre part English part Burgognians Of Spaniards so few were left as no account is to be made of them in maner the whole number of them being slaine and selling their liues right déerelie according to the order of good hardie souldiors Thus endeth this siege wherein for breuities sake we haue left to saie anie thing of the prouisions that the lord Greie made against the same of the aduertisements that from time to time he sent to king Philip and quéene Marie and of their answers of the sundrie aduentures which they of Guisnes had with the enimie during their being about Calis and of the great and manie booties that were there taken Onelie in a word or two will I ad what bands of strangers were within the péece because thereof as in an other thing or two I doo find maister Grafton in his chronicle speake at rouers First came in Montdragon with two Spaniards more verie valiant men whome did follow within a daie or two about foure or fiue and thirtie other Spaniards all shot of which as I haue heard there went not fiue out of the castell There came one capteine Desquie a Burgognian with two hundred souldiors pikes most This band was appointed to the Marie bulworke whose capteine being full of the gout and an impotent man would not yet be from his charge but in his bed ended his life in the bulworke And so of this enough But now after the winning of this towne and castell the duke aduising well vpon the place and considering that if it should happen to be regained by Englishmen what a noisome neighbor the same might be to Calis now being French and speciallie what impeachment should come thereby for the passage thither from France considering also the neere standing thereof to the French kings fortresse of Ard so that to keepe two garrisons so nigh togither should be but a double charge and not onlie néedlesse but also dangerous for the cause afore rehearsed Upon these considerations as the Frenchmen write he tooke order for all the great artillerie vittels and other munition to be taken foorth and the castell with all the bulworkes and other fortifications there with all spéed to be razed and throwne downe and the stuffe to be caried awaie and emploied in other more necessarie places Then rested nothing within all the English pale on that side vnconquered but the little castell or pile called Hammes which though it were but of small force made by art and industrie of mans hand and being altogither of old workemanship without rampiers or bulworks yet neuerthelesse by the naturall situation thereof being on all sides inuironed with fens and marish grounds it could not easilie be approched vnto either with great ordinance for the batterie or else with anie armie to incampe there for a siege but hauing one streict passage thereto by a narrow causeie trauersed and cut through in diuerse places with déepe ditches alwaies full of water Which thing being well foreséene by Edward lord Dudleie then capteine there hauing as good cause to suspect a siege there as his neighbors had afore the Frenchmens comming to Guisnes caused all the bridges of the said causeie being of wood to be broken to giue thereby the more impeachment to the French if they should attempt to approch the same as shortlie after they did and kept diuerse of the passages But to deliuer the duke and his souldiors from that care there came to him glad newes from those that had charge to watch the said causeie how the capteine hauing intelligence of the rendering of Guisnes secretlie the same night had conueied himselfe with his small garrison by a secret passage ouer the marish into Flanders Wherby the duke being now past care of anie further siege to be laid in all the frontier tooke order foorthwith to seize the said little fort into his own hands as it was easie to doo when there was no resistance When this peece was once seized by the French then remained there non◠other place of defense nor strength of the English on all that side the sea for the safegard of the rest of the countrie Whereby the French king became line 10 wholie and throughlie lord maister of all the English pale for now as ye haue heard there was neither towne castell or other fortresse more or lesse on that side sauing Boots bulworke neere to Graueling which after king Philip kept as his but that it was either taken awaie by force or else abandoned and left open to the enimie And as the Frenchmen write besides the great riches of gold and siluer coine iewels plate wools and other merchandize which was inestimable there were found thrée line 20 hundred peeces of brasse mounted on whéeles and as manie of iron with such furniture of powder pellets armour vittels and other munitions of war scarselie credible Thus haue you heard the whole discourse of the conquest of the noble towne of Calis with all the English fortresses and countrie adioining made
of maister Hunnings seruants that was also one of the takers of fresh fish for the prouision of the queenes house was set on the pillorie in Cheapside in the fish market ouer against the kings head hauing a bawdrike of smelts hanging about his necke with a paper on his forehead written For buieng smelts for twelue pence the hundred and selling them againe for ten pence the quarter He stood so likewise on the eightéenth and the twentith daie of the same moneth euerie one of those three daies from nine of the clocke till twelue The last daie he should haue had one of his eares slit if by great sute made to the councell by the lord maior of London he had not béene pardoned and released out of prison This penance was assigned to him by the quéenes owne appointment when to hir grace his trespasse was reuealed Whereby shée gaue a tast to the people of a zealous mind to haue iustice dulie ministred and faults accordinglie punished namelie of those which vnder pretense of hir graces authoritie should go about to wrong and oppresse hir louing subiects line 10 This yéere in the Easter holidaies on the mondaie preached at the Spittle doctor Bill on the tuesdaie doctor Cox on the wednesdaie doctor Horne the first was hir maiesties chapleine the other two had remained at Geneua and in other places beyond the seas all queene Maries time On low sundaie maister Samson made the rehearsall sermon but when the lord maior and aldermen came to their places in Paules churchyard the pulpit doore was locked the keie could not be heard of Whervpon line 20 the lord maior sent for a smith to open the locke which was doone and when the preacher should enter the place it was found verie filthie and vncleanlie Moreouer the verger that had the custodie of the keie which opened the doore of the place where the prelats and other vse to stand at the sermon time would not open the doore but the gentlemen with a foorme brake it open and so came in to heare the sermon This disorder chanced by reason that since Christmasse last past there was not a sermon preached line 30 at Paules crosse by meanes of an inhibition sent from the councell vnto the bishop of London that he should admit no preacher because of the controuersie betwixt the bishops and other of the clergie that were now returned into the realme from the parties of beyond the seas The last of March the parlement yet continuing was a conference begun at Westminster concerning certeine articles of religion betwixt the bishops and other of the clergie on the one part and certeine line 40 learned preachers of whome some had beene in dignitie in the church of England before that time on the other part The declaration of the procéeding wherin and the cause of the breaking vp of the same conference by default and contempt of certeine bishops parties of the said conference was published in a little treatise and imprinted by Richard Iug and Iohn Cawood printers to the quéenes maiestie as here followeth The quéenes most excellent maiestie hauing heard of diuersitie of opinions in certeine line 50 matters of religion amongst sundrie of hir louing subiects and being verie desirous to haue the same reduced to some godlie christian concord thought it best by the aduise of the lords and other of hir priuie councell as well for the satisfaction of persons doubtfull as also for the knowlege of the verie truth in certeine matter of difference to haue a cōuenient chosen number of the best learned of either part to confer togither their opinions and reasons and therby to come to some good and charitable agreement line 60 And herevpon by hir maiesties commandement certeine of hir priuie councell declared this purpose to the archbishop of Yorke being also one of the same priuie councell required him that he would impart the same to some of the bishops and to make choise of eight nine or ten of them and that there should be the like number named of the other part and further also declared to him as then was supposed what the matters should be And as for the time it was thought meet to be as soone as possible might be agreed vpon And then after certeine daies past it was signified by the said archbishop that there was appointed by such of the bishops to whome he had imparted this matter eight persons that is to saie foure bishops and foure doctors who were content at the quéenes maiesties commandement to shew their opinions and as he termed it render account of their faith in those matters which were mentioned and that speciallie in writing although he said they thought the same so determined as there was no cause to dispute vpon them It was herevpon fullie resolued by the quéenes maiestie with the aduise aforesaid that according to their desire it should be in writing on both parts for auoiding of much altercation in words and that the said bishops should bicause they were in authoritie and degree superiors first declare their minds and opinions in the matter with their reasons in writing and the other number being also eight men of good degrée in schooles and some hauing béene in dignitie in the church of England if they had anie thing to saie to the contrarie should the same daie declare their opinions in like manner And so ech of them should deliuer their writings to the other to be considered what were to be improoued therein and the same to declare againe in writing at some other conuenient daie and the like order to be kept in all the rest of the matters All this was fullie agreed vpon with the archbishop of Yorke and also signified to both parties And immediatlie herevpon diuerse of the nobilitie and states of the realme vnderstanding that such a meeting and conference should be and that in certeine matters wherevpon the court of parlement consequentlie following some lawes might be grounded they made earnest meanes to hir maiestie that the parties of this conference might put and read their assertions in the English toong and that in the presence of them of the nobilitie and others of the parlement house for the better satisfaction and inabling of their owne iudgements to treat and conclude of such lawes as might depend herevpon This also being thought verie reasonable was signified to both parties and so fullie agréed vpon and the daie appointed for the first méeting to be the fridaie in the forenoone being the last of March at Westminster church where both for good order and for honour of the conference by the quéenes maiesties commandement the lords and others of the priuie councell were present and a great part of the nobilitie also And notwithstanding the former order appointed and consented vnto by both parts yet the bishop of Winchester and his colleagues alleging that they had mistaken that their assertions and reasons
should be written and so onelie recited out of the booke said their booke was not readie then written but they were prouided to argue and dispute and therefore would for that time repeat in speech that which they had to saie vnto the first proposition This variation from the order and speciallie from that which themselues had by the said archbishop in writing before required adding thereto the reason of the apostle that to contend with words is profitable to nothing but to subuersion of the hearer séemed vnto the quéenes maiesties councell somewhat strange yet was it permitted without anie great reprehension bicause they excused themselues with mistaking the order and agréed that they would not faile but put it in writing and according to the former order deliuer it to the other part And so the said bishop of Winchester and his colleagues appointed doctor Cole deane of Paules to be the vtterer of their minds who partlie by spéech onelie and partlie by reading of authorities written and at certeine times being informed of his colleagues what to saiâ— made a declaration of their meanings their reasons to their first proposition Which being ended they were asked by the priuie councell if anie of them had anie more to be said and they said No. So as then the other part was licenced to shew their minds which they did according to the first order exhibiting all that which they meant to be propounded in a booke written which after a praier inuocation made most humblie to almightie God for the induing of them with his holie spirit and a protestation also to stand to the doctrine of the catholike church builded vpon the scriptures and the doctrine of the prophets and the apostles was distinctlie read by one line 10 Robert Horne bachellor in diuinitie late deane of Duresme And the same being ended with some likelihood as it séemed that the same was much allowable to the audience certeine of the bishops began to saie contrarie to their former answer that they had now much more to saie to this matter Wherein although they might haue béene well reprehended for such maner of cauillation yet for auoiding of any mistaking of orders in this colloquie or conference and for that they should vtter all that which they had to saie it line 20 was both ordered and thus openlie agreed vpon of both parts in the full audience that vpon the mondaie following the bishops should bring their minds and reasons in writing to the second assertion and the last also if they could and first read the same and that doone the other part should bring likewise theirs to the same And being read ech of them should deliuer to other the same writings And in the meane time the bishops should put in writing not onelie all line 30 that which doctor Cole had that daie vttered but all such other matters as they anie otherwise could thinke of for the same and as soone as they might possiblie to send the same booke touching that first assertion to the other part and they should receiue of them that writing which master Horne had there read that daie and vpon mondaie it should be agreed what daie they should exhibit their answers touching the first proposition Thus both parts assented thereto and the assemblie quietlie dismissed And therefore vpon mondaie line 40 the like assemblie began againe at the place houre appointed and there vpon what sinister or disordered meaning is not yet fullie knowne though in some part it be vnderstanded the bishop of Winchester and his colleagues and especiallie Lincolne refused to exhibit or read according to the former notorious order on fridaie that which they had prepared for the second assertion And therevpon by the lord kéeper of the great seale they being first gentlie and fauourablie required to kéepe the order appointed and that line 50 taking no place being secondlie as it behooued pressed with more earnest request they neither regarding the authoritie of that place nor their owne reputation nor the credit of the cause vtterlie refused that to doo And finallie being againe particularlie euerie of them apart distinctlie by name required to vnderstand their opinions therein they all sauing one which was the abbat of Westminster hauing some more consideration of order and his dutie of obedience than the other vtterlie and plainelie denied line 60 to haue their booke read some of them more earnestlie than others and some other more vndiscréetlie and vnreuerentlie than others Wherevpon giuing such example of disorder stubbornesse and selfewill as hath not béene séene and suffered in such an honourable assemblie being of the two estates of this realme the nobilitie and the commons besides the presence of the quéenes maiesties most honourable priuie councell the same assemblie was dismissed and the godlie and most christian purpose of the quéens maiestie made frustrate And afterwards for the contempt so notoriouslie made the bishops of Winchester and Lincolne hauing most obstinatelie both disobeied common authoritie and varied manifestlie from their owne order and speciallie Lincolne who shewed more follie than the other were condignelie committed to the tower of London and the rest sauing the abbat of Westminster stood bound to make dailie their personall appéerance before the councell and not to depart the citie of London and Westminster vntill further order were taken with them for their disobedience and contempt The three propositions wherevpon conference was determined to haue beene at Westminster 1 IT is against the word of GOD and the custome of the ancient church to vse a toong vnknowne to the people in common praier and the administration of the sacraments 2 Euerie church hath authoritie to appoint take awaie and change ceremonies and ecclesiasticall rites so the same bee to edification 3 It cannot be prooued by the word of God that there is in the masse offered vp a sacrifice propitiatorie for the quicke and the dead The names of such as had conference in the propositions aforesaid The B. of Winchester The bishop of Lichfield The bishop of Chester The bishop of Caerleill The bishop of Lincolne Doctor Cole Doctor Harpesfield Doctor Langdall Doctor Chedseie D. Scorie B. of Chiche Doctor Cox Maister Whitehed Maister Grindall Maister Horne Maister doctor Sands Maister Gest. Maister Elmer Maister Iewell The bishops and doctors sat on the one side of the quéere at a table for them prepared the other learned men sat at another table on the other side of the same queere And at the vpper end thereof at an other table sat the quéenes maiesties councell desiâ—ous to haue séene some good conclusion of the said conference although as ye may perceiue by that which is aboue recited it came to small effect In this meane time a treatie of peace which had béene in hand the last yeare first at Lisle and after at the abbeie of Cercampe a thrée leagues from Dorlens betwixt the two kings
iustice And for the better increase of hir maiesties reuenue and profit he praied the like to serue in the rooms of hir highnesse attorneie generall and sollicitor No man had a greater desire to aduance the publike euerie waie than he had and in opinion greatlie magnified estéemed all them that were of that mind for he would manie times saie that those were things memorable of perpetuitie fame and last where all priuat things died and perished with their priuat persons Wheresoeuer he was bestowed to serue he had such a rare gift gallant courtlie behauior and comlinesse of person as he gained the harts of manie and such vniuersall liking and louing of all sorts of people toward him as they were euer desirous and neuer wearie of him but speciall sute commonlie made of the grauest best and wisest sort amongst them when he was reuoked to haue him returne and continue againe amongst them He was as best became him verie aduised circumspect and carefull in the seruice of the state not onelie setting apart but in a sort neglecting all busines of his owne in respect of his charge He was a perfect orator by nature hauing such readinesse and facilitie of spéech flowing eloquence swéet deliuerie and passing memorie for he seldome or neuer forgat anie thing he either read or heard as he was speciallie noted a most rare man of all that did heare him Such ample instructions he would giue for the framing and writing of his letters or anie other thing he committed to be conceiued and put downe in writing and dispose the same in so good order and fine method as a verie simple man if he reteined and remembred but a part of that he said and deliuered might supplie himselfe with matter inough to the purpose to write of And when by occasion he happened vpon some dull line 10 conceipted spirited fellow as Ireland and Wales now and then bred some such to whome he had giuen instructions to write who afterwards brought him the same to signe not couched in sort as he liked or would haue it his temperance courtesie and discreet modestie was such as he would neuer shew choler and impatience rent the paper in péeces or publikelie disgrace the writer but bid him not be discouraged for that fault he could giue him the like instructions againe he gaue him before but willed line 20 him then to marke and remember them better At ech seuerall time he was sent deputie into Ireland he was by occasion and as time fell out furnished with a new secretarie The first was master Edward Waterhouse now knighted and one of hir maiesties councell in Ireland The second master Edmund Tremaine who after was preferred to be a clearke to hir maiesties councell on hir highnesse person attendant The third who although it was thought of manie who were in that case well able line 30 to iudge neither in paine desert birth nor breeding was much inferiour to the other two that were before him yet in fortune reward or other recompense so far behind them as this noble gentleman who trulie honored vertue master to them all three would manie times in sort lament and déepelie bemone to his good friends commending highlie this mans paine and diligence attributing his hard hap to his owne mishap the time so serued he could not doo him good which manie times by sundrie means line 40 he had earnestlie attempted to doo affirming often in solemne and earnest protestation as well to him as others that it gréeued him not a little his fortune was so bad to come to him now in the declination and wane of the moone for he was the sole onelie man he had imploied about him in that néerenesse and credit of seruice wherein he had vsed him that euer had quailed vnder his hands for that was the terme he vsed howbeit he well hoped time or some good man in respect his seruice was publike and not line 50 priuat would repaire that then he could not doo For he déemed the man right woorthie regard and consideration that had serued him so long and that in his great and roiall seruices in so painefull and toilesome a place without anie great wages fée or other interteinment growing to him in perpetuitie or other wais which was either burthenous to his purse or procéeding by or from him by anie other degree to the gentlemans benefit increase of credit or further aduancement in recompense of his long seruice He had both a speciall care likewise a â—ingular line 60 gift in dispatch of common causes and the people in like manner had a passing maruellous desire to be heard dispatched by him Therefore as well in part to satisfie their humors and affections as more completlie to performe the due and full measure of his charge which was to heare and helpe all as néere as he could he applied himselfe greatlie therevnto and would spare no paines but indure maruellous toile and trauell to rid and dispatch awaie sutors which he could doo with such dexteritie and woonderfull facilitie as the same might séeme no wearinesse and tediousnesse at all to him that was halfe a hell to some others but rather to be reckoned a kind of recreation and pastime He made manie beholding vnto him for he as much as laie in him did benefit manie and had more than an ordinarâ—e desire to doo for all his friends and faithfull followers and so carefullie earnestlie and painfullie he would trauell to aduance their particular sutes were it sometimes to speake to hir maiestie hir selfe or to the bodie of hir graue and honorable councell or to anie priuat councellor apart as though he had purposelie followed his owne most weightie causes And as he was a most déere kind tender and louing father to his children for none could loue and estéeme his children more than he did and noting in them great minds and hautie courages which drew them by degrees to excesse in expense and more than an ordinarie liberalitie he would sometime fatherlie aduise them thus that if they meant to liue in order they should euer behold whose sonnes seldome thinke whose nephues they were so he was an affable gentle courteous constant and honourable master to his seruants For he would often saie it was an easie matter for them to keepe him but hard to recouer his loue and fauour if they had once lost him And when anie of his noble and most louing friends would commend him greatlie as manie times they would that he made much of his old seruants for few that came to him euer went from him but such as were first aduanced by him to better preferment he would answer plesantlie after his woonted mirth Lord I giue thee thanks that of those thou gauest me I haue not lost one He was maruellous affable and courteous of nature of easie accesse and plesantlie familiar with anie that had occasion to repaire vnto him strict and
to helpe the poore with monie or vittels needfull To make malt of oates in countries where there hath béene vse thereof No waste of bread corne superfluouslie nor anie expense thereof but for féeding of people None suffered to make starch of anie graine Able poore people to be set to worke Stocks of monie for prouision of works for poore people Clothiers to continue their worke-folks line 10 Souldiors hurt and impotent people to be relieued in their dwelling places That no millers be suffered to be common buiers of corne nor to sell meale but to attend to the true grinding of the corne brought to vse measurable tole these deare seasons Conferences to be had betwixt the iustices of peace in the shires and the principall officers of cities and townes corporat for prouisions of graine for the inhabitants in cities and corporat towns Order for places exempted from the iurisdiction line 20 of the iustices of peace in the bodies of the shires Regard to staie all transportation of graine out of the realme Certificat to be made of the execution of these orders monethlie to the shiriffe and he to certifie the same to the priuie councell within euerie fortie daies To certifie what iustices be absent from the seruice that such as without iust excuse shall not attend maie be displaced and their rooms if there be need supplied The conclusion of these orders is this Ad verbum That if anie shall offend against the true meaning line 30 of these instructions or of anie part thereof or shall vse anie sinister meane to the defrauding thereof that such be seuerelie punished according to the lawes and for such obstinat persons as shall not conforme themselues the iustices shall at their plesure bind them to appeare before the quéenes maiesties priuie councell by a daie certeine there to be further delt with by seuere punishment for the better example of all others Now as Holinshed and such as with painfull care and loue to their countrie haue thought good before me to knit vp the seuerall reigne of euerie seuerall king with a generaltie of the seuerall writers in that princes daies So haue I béene importuned by manie of my friends to knit vp the said whole historie with a particular catalog of all such as haue purposelie in seuerall histories of this realme or by the waie in the histories of other countries written of England and English matter For which cause line 50 with the title of other anonymall chronicles I haue here for that purpose by order of alphabet set downe the same Wherein although I shall not set downe euerie mans name nor of what time qualitie euerie one was for he is not liuing I suppose that can doo the same yet hauing doone my good will therein and that more than perhaps some others would haue doone I praie thée to beare with the defaults and accept that which I haue doone and could doo And although perhaps I maie set downe line 60 one man twise as first by his name and then set downe the worke without his name as another seuerall thing yet is it not of purpose doone or to the end that I would make a great shew and séeme ambitious of names or knowledge but for that I haue not as yet atteined to that perfection which hereafter I hope to doo in distinguishing of the same For Rome was not built in one daie yet if one daies foundation thereof had not beene first laid it had neuer béene after builded and so to the matter A Abbo Floriacensis liued in the time of Dunstane archbishop of Canturburie to whome he dedicated his booke Abbas Wiseburgensis Nicholaus Adams liued in the daies of king Edward the sixt Alfric Abbas Alfric that gathered the liues of the saints in Saxonie which I sometimes had it maie be that these two were all one man Alfridus Beuerlacensis thesaurarius whom Leland calleth Aluredus Fibroleganus Alanus abbat of Teukesburie one of the foure that writ the Quadrilogium of Thomas Becket in the time of king Iohn Alexander Hessebiensis he writ Epitome Britannicae historiae Alexander Somersetensis Alexander Staffordiensis Aelius Spartianus Alured or Alfred king of England in the yeare of Christ nine hundred and thrée Adam Merimuth canon of Paules in the reigne of Richard the second Anianus Marcellinus Richardus Angeruil surnamed De Berie bishop of Durham died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred fortie and fiue Antoninus Arnold of London in the time of king Henrie the eight Asserius Meneuensis Aurelius or Aluredus Riualensis Robert Auersberie B Sir Nicholas Bacon knight lord kéeper of the great seale vnto queene Elisabeth Benedictus Claudiocestrensis Balantine a Scot William Baldwin liued in the time of king Edward the sixt Stephan Batemaine died in the yere one thousand fiue hundred eightie and foure Beda an English Saxon died in the yere of Christ seuen hundred thirtie and two G. de Barrie archdeacon of S. Dauids writ the life of Remigius bishop of Lincolne Iohn Bale flourished in the time of Edward the sixt Barnardus Andreas writ a chronicle intituled Liber Barnardi Andreae Tolosati poetae laureati regij historiographi de vita atque gestis Henrici septimi in whose time he flourished Robert Boston in the time of Edward the second Rafe Baldocke bishop of London vnder Edward the second Peter Basset in the time of Henrie the fift whose life he did write Robert Bale recorder of London he died in the yere of our Lord one thousand foure hundred thrée score and one about the latter end of the reigne of Richard the second Edmund Bedenhame writer of the chronicles of Rochester Iohn Bramus and not Bromus as saith Bale a moonke of Tedford Iohn Bracklow a Benedictine moonke in the yeare one thousand two hundred fourtéene Iohannes Brompton historiae vetus quam contulit Iornal monasterio as hath Mathew Parker In vitis episcop Cantu Ferdinando Blake liued in the yeare of Christ one thousand fiue hundred foure score and foure Bodinus Iohn Bouchet a Frenchman of Aquitaine Nicholas Brodingham or Brodringham Iohn Bosue of Burie Blondus Foroliuiensis Henrie Bradshaw borne in Chester a blacke moonke there in the time of Henrie the eight Iohn Burgh a moonke in the daies of K. Edward the third Nicholas Bungeie borne in a towne of the same name in Northfolke in the daies of king Henrie the sixt sir Iohn Bourchier knight lord Barnes translated Froissard Bullerus Roger Bond Thomas Buckhurst lord Buckhurst now liuing Stephan Birchington George Buckhanan liued in the yere of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and foure score C Thomas Castleford sir William Cicill knight lord Burleigh lord treasuror of England now liuing William Caxton liued in the daies of king Edward the fourth Campbell Carion a Germane Caradocus Lancarnauensis liued in the daies of K. Stephan Iulius Caesar a Romane Iohn Capgraue borne in Kent an Augustine frier died in the fourth yere of king
Armie put to flight 54 a 30. Goeth to Bristow 51 b 30. Followeth the victorie she commeth to London 53 b 40. Besieged in Arundell castell 51 b 10. Landed in England and what power she brought 51 a 50. Married to the earle of Aniou 43 a 50. True to the crowne of England 43 a 10. Confesseth hir selfe to bée naught of hir bodie 63 b 50. Hir deceasse 75 a 60 Maud duke Williams wife the daughter of earle Baldwine earle of Flanders 15 a 60. Crowned quéene 6 a 60. Hir deceasse 15 a 40 Maud daughter and heire to Robert Fitzhammon Henrie the first his base sonne 37 a 50 Maud the wife of Henrie the first a professed nun 29 a 10 Maud Henrie the first his daughter affianced to the emperor Henrie 35 a 10 Maud quéene deliuered of a daughter after hir own name 30 a 30 ¶ Sée Quéene Mauns a citie in Normandie besieged and deliuered 23 b 20. Besieged and taken 158 b 10. Lost by treason of the citizens recouered 598 a 50 b 30 Yéelded to the French king 114 a 40 Maunt citie in France burnt by duke William 14 b 40 Maupasse ¶ Sée Uernon Maximilâ—an king of Romans prisoned at Bruges by the townesmen 770 a 40. He and Henrie the seuenth agrée to plague the Frenchmen the cause of his malice he dealeth dishonestlie with the king of England to his great vexation breaketh promise with him 774 a 60 b 20 30. Incourageth his men to plaie the men 822 a 40 Meaux besieged by the English men taken by assault 581 a 50 b 50. The conditions of the surrender thereof vnto Henrie the fift 582 a 50 Mekins burnt in Smithfield 953 a 40 Mellent ¶ Sée Erle Melune vicount discouereth the purpose of Lewis and the English barons his death 193 b 10 Melune besieged by king Henrie the fift 576 b 60. Yéelded vp to Henrie the fift 577 b 20 Men barbarous brought from the new sound Ilands 789 b 60 Mendmarket ¶ Sée Umfreuill Mendoza the Spanish Ambassador ¶ Sée Throckmorton Francis Mercia an earldome 1 a 30 Mercie in a warrior note 549 b 20. 550 b 60. ¶ See Charitie Merchant of London hanged at Noringham for murthering a merchant stranger of Genoa note 428 b 30 Merchants of England receiued into Antwerpe with generall procession 783 b 40 Sore hindered by a restreint 778 a 20. Restreined out of Spaine 1206 a 10. Euillie intreated in Duch land 1263 a 10. Susteine great losse by sea 1262 b 20. Complaine vnto quéene Elisabeth of their wrongs 1262 b 40. Proclamation for their frée traffike as before c 1267 b 10. Robbed of the Danish pirats and haue great prises taken from them 485 a 10. Murther a stranger Genoa 422 b 60 Staieâ— in Spaine 905 b 60 Merchants strangers fauoured of king Richard the second their goods restored 453 b 60. A proclamation concerning them 927 a 50. Staied in England 905 b 60. Two of the stilliard doo penance for heresie 892 b 60. ¶ Sée Strangers Mesure of one length vsed thorough out England 28 b 30 ¶ Sée Weights Meta incognita ¶ Sée Frobisher Meulone a strong towne yéelded to the English 571 b 60 Meutas Hercules ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Mice deuoure grasse in Dansiâ— hundred and how deuoured â— note 1315 a 60 b 10 Michaels mount how seated a great fortification 19 a 40 Midleton knight proclameth himselfe duke 323 a 60 Midsummer watch 1206 b 10 1208 b 30. Mainteined 1210 a 50. ¶ Sée Watch. Mildmaie knight founder of Emanuell college in Cambridge note 1396 a 10 Mile and gréene whie so called 1271 b 60 Miles Couerdale preacher in the time of Deuoushire rebellion 1023 b 60 Miles vicar of saint Brides slaine and the partie executed 914 b 30 Millain woon and rased by Richard the first 146 b 50 Millers man hanged for his maister 1007 a 30 Milnall in Suffolke burned 1210 a 20 Mines of gold siluer in England 413 a 40. ¶ Sée Siluer Ministers more fauoured than other men 1201 a 40 Minsterworth knight executed as a traitor 411 b 10. Miracles of Fitzosbert wherby he was thought to be a saint 149 a 20. Whereby Robert duke of Normandie was made king of Ierusalem 29 a 60 wrought by Woolstane to his aduantage 12 a 10 Seén forsooth in the daie of Cainpians execution 1329 a 60 Miracles of the holie maid of Kent 936 b 50 Mirth that after it commeth heauinesse note 26 b 40 50 41 b 10 Miserie vpon miserie 422 b 60 423 a 10 c. ¶ See Derth and Deth Mâ—st thicke and blind 373 a 20 Made Henrie the eight and his souldiers vnable to find the waie to his campe 823 a 60 Mistrust in murtherers one of of another 1063 b 60. Causeth carefull custodie 586 a 60 b 10. On all sides of all estates and degrées note 173 a 10. An enimie to peace 457 b 10 60. Of king Henrie the third in his officers 216 b 40 That the earls of Hereford Marshall had of Edward the first 307 a 30. Of the Flemings in the earle of Richmond 359 b 20. That the dukes of Buckingham and Glocester had in each other 736 a 50. Of duke Arthur in his vncle king Iohn 160 b 60. ¶ Sée Suspicion Mocke of Henrie the first against his brother Robert Curthose 44 b 60. At the maior of Norwich 1032 b 60 ¶ Sée Derision and Iest. Molineux constable of Chester castell 460 b 60. Knight slaine note 461 b 10 Monasteries erected in the north parts at the sute trauell of thrée moonks c 11 a 20. When none lest in all the north parts 11 a 20. ¶ Sée Abbeies and Religious houses Monie two falles thereof 1066 b 50. Henrie the sixts priuie seales for some 653 b 30. Refused to be lent purchaseth disfauor and reuenge 162 a 40. Largelie giuen to mainteine war against the Turks 164 a 20. Carried out of the realme by a legat note 170 b 10. Sutes preferred for it 187 b 20. And what practises Gualo vsed to get it 193 a 20 A perpetuall order of an hundred and â—oure pounds lent yearelie by course to certeine townes note 1092 a 60 b 10 Buâ—eth liberties and priuileges 119 b 60. And what shiâ—ts king Richard the first made for it 120 b 40. And of inquisitions to get it note 153 b 40. Gotten with extortion to procure Richard the first his ransome 139 a 60 b 10. To make it offices set to saâ—e by Richard the first 142 b 40. Great summes gotten by Richard the first without making of recompense 143 b 60 144 a 10. The practises of Richard the first to get it note 144 a 10 20. Much gotten for licences and grants of iust and turnie 145 b 60. The meanes practised to get it note 145 a 60. Purchaseth erldoms 102 a 50. Maketh marriages betwéene great states 84 b 10. Purchaseth fauor to a murtherer 98 b 40 What shifts Edward the fourth made for it 694 a 40 50. The want thereof procureth peace
of king Edward Sir Iohn Fox 〈◊〉 the Acts Monuments â—nder the title of Edward the sixt The noble memorie of â—ing Edward and his rare wâ—t I. Stow. 1â—â—8 K. Edwards death opened Ladie Iane proclamed quéene I. Stow. 1059. Gilbert Pot punished in Cheape Men drowned at London bridge The ladie Maries challenge to the crowne by right of succession She certifieth the lords that she knoweth what is intended against hir She chargeth the lords vpon their loialties to cause hir right to the regiment to be proclamed The lords aduertise the ladie Marie that the ladie Iane is queene A subtill shift to prooue the ladie Marie illegitimate Ladie Marie remooueth froÌ„ Keningall to Fremingham castell Abr. Fl. ex I. S. 1059. The councell persuade the duke to vndertake this enterprise Câ—rts laden 〈◊〉 munitioÌ„ The dukes 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 of the councell 〈◊〉 meaneth 〈◊〉 new quéen 〈◊〉 depriued 〈◊〉 executed The conclusiâ—â— of the 〈◊〉 talke 〈◊〉 the lords The earle of Arundell professeth himselfe sorie that he goeth not with the duke of Northumberland Much a do on all sides during this stir broched betwéene the duke and the ladie Marie The old prouerbe verâ—fied Delaie bréedeth danger Suffolke men the first that resorted to the ladie Marie Assistants to the ladie Marie Abr. Fl. ex I. S pag. 1062. Aid by wind and wether for quéene Marie that was bent against hir The duke of Northumberland writeth for more succours Doctor Ridleie persuadeth the people in the title of queene Iane c. The lords of the councell suspecting that all would go against them proclamed the ladie Marie quéen Learned 〈◊〉 that wrote 〈◊〉 the reigne of king Edward Carmen 〈…〉 in obitum regiâ— Edâ—ardi â—uéene Marie proclamed Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1064. The duke submitteth â—â—â—selfe and â—s arrested by the earle of Arundell The lord Hastings discharged out of the tower Duke of Suffolke committed to the tower Quéene Marie commeth to London Prisoners discharged Stephan Gardiner made lord chancellor Edward Courtneie created earle of Deuonshire Bishops restored and others depriued Why Ridleie was more rigorouslie handled than the rest Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1067. The buriall of king Edward Doctor Boorne a chapleine of bishop Bonner A dagger throwne at the preacher The preacher at Paules crosse defended by the gard The duke of NorthumberlaÌ„d arreigned The dukes request to vnderstand the opinion of the court in two points Abr. Fl. ex 〈◊〉 1069. The duke of Northumberlands foure requests after 〈◊〉 iudgment Preacher at Pâ—ules crosse â—â—ded Sir Iohn Gates and sir Thomas Palmer beâ—ded New lord chancellor Latine seruice Great Harrie a ship burnt Prest to the quéene New coineâ— Subsidie pardoned The archbishop of Canturburie committed to the tower * Sée before pag. 1030 1031 Abr. Fl. ex I. Stow 1067. Coronation of quéene Marie hir pompe and traine Who rode before and after hir The ladie Elizabeth and the ladie Anne of Cleue A pageant made by strangers The conduit in Cornewall ran wine The recorder of London maketh a short spéech to the quéene passing by A Dutchman on the Weathercocke of Paules A pageant wherein the queeristers of Paules 〈◊〉 on vials Quéene Marie crowned quéene by Stephan Gardiner A pardon with exceptions Commissioners A parlement Treason Felonie Premunire The parlement proroged Abr Fl. ex I. S. pag 1075. Charitable deeds of sir Thomas White A president of monie well emploied after death Prouision of corne for the poore A perpetuall order of an hundred and foure pounds â—ent yearelie by course Sir Iames Hales in trouble for religion Sée before pag. 1083. Sore temptations in afflictions against which we are to praie for patience He drowneth himselfe A publike disputation about the reall presence in the sacrament Iohn Fox Cardinall Poole sent for home The councell diuided about the receiuing of the cardinall Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie arreigned of treason Ambassadors from the emperour Ab. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 1077. Stephan Gardiner maketh an oration to the lords of the councell c. touching the quéenes marriage Gardiner coÌ„mendeth the king of Spaine Wiat pubâ—â—sheth a proclamation at Maidstone He commeth to Rochester Sir George Harper Christopher Roper taken Maister Dorrell maister Tucke taken Sir Thomas â—iat writeth 〈◊〉 sir Robert Southwell The shiriffe of kent and the 〈◊〉 of Aburgauennie assemble a power against 〈◊〉 In herald sent â—rothaÌ„ Wiat. The lord â—arden is 〈◊〉 to Wiat. â—eldishmen 〈◊〉 is such 〈◊〉 dwel in the 〈◊〉 of Kent 〈◊〉 heath Barrow greéne Wrotham hill Yallam Blacke soll field The skirmish The duke of Norffolke arriueth at Stroud The reuolting of the Londoners The duke with the capteine of the gard c put to their shifts The shiriffe of Kent rideth to the councell The duke of Suffolke goeth downe into Leicestershire The citie of Couentrie The duke of Suffolke kept out of Couentrie The duke of Suffolke apprehended The lord Iohn Greie taken The lord Thomas Greie taken Cowling castell The lord Cobham 〈◊〉 requests Proclamation that the duke of Suffolke and others were fled The emperors ambassaâ—ors flée from Wiat. Quéene Maries oration to the Lâ—ndoners Demands are pretended to be sent from M. Wiat and his companie to quéene Marie How he pretended the spoile of their goods it appeareth in that he comming to Southworke did hurt neither man woman nor child neither in bodie nor in a pennie of their goods Quéene Marie excuseth hir mariage The promise of quéene Marie touching hir mariage Wiat marched to Detford strand Wiat suffereth his prisoners to go abrode vpon their word Wiat coÌ„meth into Southworke Sir Thomas Wiats desperat attempt Wiat and his complices 〈◊〉 into consultation The lord Warden of the cinque ports verie willing to followe after Wiat. Wiat at his wits end 〈◊〉 marcheth to kingstone â—â—at repareth the bridge 〈◊〉 kingstone 〈◊〉 Grafton The earle of Penbroke 〈◊〉 the arâ—â—â— in order 〈◊〉 comâ—â—th to the parke corner 〈◊〉 A skirmish at 〈◊〉 betwéen 〈…〉 and the 〈…〉 Wiat marcheth alongst the wall of saint Iames towards London An herald sent to Wiat willing him to desist from his enterprise Sir Thomas Wiat submitteth himselfe to the quéene The stout courage of quéene Marie Proclamation that none should kéepe in his house anie of Wiats faction Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1087 1088 1089. Wiat sent to the tower Sir Thomas Bridges lieutenant of the tower The zeale of the lieutenant sheweth it self by his hot language The duke of Suffolke and the lord Greie brought to the tower Sir Henrie Isleie The lord Gilford Dudleie executed on the tower The 〈◊〉 of the ladie Iane lead to execution The executioner asked the ladie Iane forgiuenesse I. Stow. Iohn Fox Iudge Morgan fell mad Abr. Fl. ex I. F. 〈◊〉 The duke of Suffolke Iohn Fox The duke of Suffolke beheaded Doctor Weston The duke of Suffolke described Great pitie that so manie good gifts concurring should suffer disgrace * The number of them that thus had their pardon were
it greeueth me I could not leaue the same to posteritie as I wished to their well deserued praise But I haue here imparted what I could learne and craue that it may be taken in good part My speech is plaine without any rhetoricall shew of eloquence hauing rather a regard to simple truth than to decking words I wish I had beene furnished with so perfect instructions and so many good gifts that I might haue pleased all kinds of men but that same being so rare a thing in any one of the best I beseech thee gentle reader not to looke for it in me the meanest But now for thy further instruction to vnderstand the course of these my labours First concerning the historie of England as I haue collected the same out of manie and sundrie authors in whome what contrarietie negligence and rashnesse sometime is found in their reports I leaue to the discretion of those that haue perused their works for my part I haue in things doubtfull rather chosen to shew the diuersitie of their writings than by ouer-ruling them and vsing a peremptorie censure to frame them to agree to my liking leauing it neuerthelesse to each mans iudgement to controll them as he seeth cause If some-where I shew my fansie what I thinke and that the same dislike them I craue pardon speciallie if by probable reasons or plainer matter to be produced they can shew mine errour vpon knowledge whereof I shall be readie to reforme it accordinglie Where I doo begin the historie from the first inhabiâ—ation of this I le I looke not to content ech mans opinion concerning the originall of them that first peopled it and no maruell for in matters so vncerteine if I cannot sufficientlie content my selfe as in deed I cannot I know not how I should satisfie others That which seemeth to me most likelie I haue noted beseeching the learned as I trust they will in such points of doubtfull antiquities to beare with my skill sith for ought I know the matter is not yet decided among the learned but still they are in controuersie about it and as yet Sub iudice lis est Well howsoeuer it came first to be inhabited likelie it is that at the first the whole Ile was vnder one prince and gouernour though afterwards and long peraduenture before the Romans set any foot within it the monarchie thereof was broken euen when the multitude of the inhabitants grew to be great and ambition entred amongst them which hath brought so manie good policies and states to ruine and decaie The Romans hauing once got possession of the continent that faceth this I le could not rest as it appeareth till they had brought the same also vnder their subiection and the sooner doubtlesse by reason of the factions amongst the princes of the land which the Romans through their accustomed skill could turne verie well to their most aduantage They possessed it almost fiue hundreth yeares and longer might haue doone if either their insufferable tyrannie had not taken awaie from them the loue of the people as well here as else-where either that their ciuill discord about the chopping and changing of their emperours had not so weakened the forces of their empire that they were not able to defend the same against the irruption of barbarous nations But as we may coniecture by that which is found in histories about that time in which the Romane empire began to decline this land stood in verie weake state being spoiled of the most part of all hir able men which were led awaie into forren regions to supplie the Romane armies and likewise perhaps of all necessarie armour weapon and treasure which being perceiued of the Saxons after they were receiued into the I le to aid the Britons against the Scots and Picts then inuading the same ministred to them occasion to attempt the second conquest which at length they brought to passe to the ouerthrow not onelie of the British dominion but also to the subuersion of the Christian religion here in this land which chanced as appeareth by Gildas for the wicked sins and vnthankefulnesse of the inhabitants towards God the cheefe occasions and causes of the transmutations of kingdoms Nam propter peccata regna transmutantur à gente in gentem The Saxons obteining possession of the land gouerned the same being diuided into sundrie kingdoms and hauing once subdued the Britons or at the least-wise remooued them out of the most part of the I le into od corners and mountaines fell at diuision among themselues and oftentimes with warre pursued ech other so as no perfect order of gouernement could be framed nor the kings grow to any great puissance either to mooue warres abroad or sufficientlie to defend themselues against forren forces at home as manifestlie was perceiued when the Danes and other the Northeasterne people being then of great puissance by sea began miserablie to afflict this land at the first inuading as it were but onelie the coasts and countries lieng neere to the sea but afterwards with maine armies they entred into the midle parts of the land And although the English people at length came vnder one king and by that meanes were the better able to resist the enimies yet at length those Danes subdued the whole and had possession thereof for a time although not long but that the crowne returned againe to those of the Saxon line till shortlie after by the insolent dealings of the gouernours a diuision was made betwixt the king and his people through iust punishment decreed by the prouidence of the Almightie determining for their sinnes and contempt of his lawes to deliuer them into the hands of a stranger and therevpon when spite and enuie had brought the title in doubt to whom the right in succession apperteined the Conquerour entred and they remained a prey to him and his who plucked all the heads and cheefe in authoritie so cleerelie vp by the roots as few or none of them in the end was left to stand vp against him And herewith altering the whole state he planted such lawes and ordinances as stood most for his auaile and securitie which being after qualified with more milde and gentle lawes tooke such effect that the state hath euer sithens continued whole and vnbroken by wise and politike gouernement although disquieted sometime by ciuill dissention to the ruine commonlie of the first moouers as by the sequele of the historie you may see For the historie of Scotland I haue for the more part followed Hector Boece Iohannes Maior and Iouan Ferreri Piemontese so far as they haue continued it interlaced somtimes with other authours as Houeden Fourdon and such like although not often bicause I meant rather to deliuer what I found in their owne histories extant than to correct them by others leauing that enterprise to their owne countrimen so that whatsoeuer ye read in the same consider that a Scotishman writ it and an Englishman hath but onelie translated it
into our language referring the reader to the English historie in all matters betwixt vs and them to be confronted therewith as he seeth cause For the continuation thereof I vsed the like order in such copies and notes as Maister Wolfe in his life time procured me sauing that in these last yeares I haue inserted some such notes as concerned matters of warre betwixt vs and the Scots bicause I got them not till that part of the English historie was past the presse For Ireland I haue shewed in mine epistle dedicatorie in what sort and by what helps I haue proceeded therein onelie this I forgot to signifie that I had not Giraldus Cambrensis and Flatsburie vntill that part of the booke was vnder the presse and so being constreined to make post hast I could not exemplifie what I would out of them all neither yet dispose it so orderlie as had beene conuenient nor pen it with so apt words as might satisfie either my selfe or those to whose view it is now like to come And by reason of the like haste made in the impression where I was determined to haue transposed the most part of that which in the English historie I had noted concerning the conquest of Ireland by Hen. the second out of Houeden others I had not time thereto and so haue left it there remaining where I first noted it before I determined to make any particular collection of the Irish histories bicause the same commeth there well inough in place as to those that shall vouchsafe to turne the booke it may appeare For the computation of the yeares of the world I had by Maister Wolfes aduise followed Functius but after his deceasse M. W. H. made me partaker of a Chronologie which he had gathered and compiled with most exquisit diligence following Gerardus Mercator and other late Chronologers and his owne obseruations according to the which I haue reformed the same As for the yeares of our Lord and the kings I haue set them downe according to such authors as seeme to be of best credit in that behalfe as I doubt not but to the learned and skilfull in histories it shall appeare Moreouer this the reader hath to consider that I doo begin the yeare at the natiuitie of our Lord which is the surest order in my fansie that can be followed For the names of persons townes and places as I haue beene diligent to reforme the errours of other which are to be ascribed more to the vnperfect copies than to the authors so may it be that I haue some-where committed the like faults either by negligence or want of skill to restore them to their full integritie as I wished But what I haue performed aswell in that behalfe as others the skilfull reader shall easily perceiue and withall consider I trust what trauell I haue bestowed to his behoofe in this huge volume crauing onelie that in recompense thereof he will iudge the best and to make a freendlie construction of my meaning where ought may seeme to haue escaped my pen or the printers presse otherwise than we could haue wished for his better satisfaction Manie things being taken out as they lie in authors may be thought to giue offense in time present which referred to the time past when the author writ are not onelie tollerable but also allowable Therefore good reader I beseech thee to weigh the causes and circumstances of such faults and imperfections and consider that the like may creepe into a far lesse volume than this and shew me so much fauour as hath beene shewed to others in like causes And sithens I haue doone my good will accept the same as I with a free and thankefull mind doo offer it thee so shall I thinke my labour well bestowed For the other histories which are alreadie collected if it please God to giue abilitie shall in time come to light with some such breefe descriptions of the forren regions whereof they treat as may the better suffice to the readers contentation and vnderstanding of the matters conteined in the same histories reduced into abridgements out of their great volumes And thus I ceasse further to trouble thy patience wishing to thee gentle reader so much profit as by reading may be had and as great comfort as Gods holie spirit may endue thee with FINIS The politike Conquest of William the first THis William Duke of Normandie base son of Robert the sixt Duke of Normandie and nephew vnto Edward King of England surnamed the Confessor hauing vanquished line 10 the English power and slaine Harold in the field as you may read at large towards the end of the historie of England began his reigne ouer England the xv daie of October being sundaie in the yeare after the creation of the world 5033. as W. Harison gathereth and after the birth of our Sauiour 1066. which was in the tenth yeare of the emperour line 20 Henrie the fourth year 1066 in the sixt of pope Alexander the second in the sixt of Philip king of France and about the tenth of Malcolme the third surnamed Camoir king of Scotland Immediatlie after he had thus got the victorie in a pight field as before ye haue heard he first returned to Hastings and after set forward towards London wasted the countries of Sussex Kent Hamshire Southerie Middlesex and Herefordshire burning the townes and sleaing the people till he came line 30 to Beorcham In the meane time immediatlie after the discomfiture in Sussex the two earles of Northumberland and Mercia Edwin and Marchar who had withdrawne themselues from the battell togither with their people came to London and with all speed sent their sister quéene Aldgitha vnto the citie of Chester and herewith sought to persuade the Londoners to aduance one of them to the kingdome as Wil. Mal. writeth But Simon of Durham saith that Aldred archbishop of Yorke and the said earles with line 40 others would haue made Edgar Etheling king Howbeit whilest manie of the Nobilitie and others prepared to make themselues redie to giue a new battell to the Normans how or whatsoeuer was the cause the said earles drew homewards with their powers to the great discomfort of their freends Wil. Malm. séemeth to put blame in the bishops for that the lords went not forward with their purpose in aduancing Edgar Etheling to the crowne For the bishops saith he refused to ioine with the lords in that line 50 behalfe and so through enuie and spite which one part bare to another when they could not agrée vpon an Englishman they receiued a stranger insomuch that vpon king William his comming vnto Beorcham Aldred archbishop of Yorke Wolstane bishop of Worcester and Walter bishop of Hereford Edgar Etheling and the foresaid earles Edwin and Marchar came and submitted themselues vnto him whom he gentlie receiued and incontinentlie made an agréement with them taking their oth and hostages as some write and yet neuerthelesse he permitted