Selected quad for the lemma: order_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
order_n	hand_n	open_v	rank_n	2,740	5	12.3069	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51540	An epitome of the whole art of war In two parts. The first of military discipline, containing the whole exercise of the pike and musquet, &c. with plain directions for the various postures. Also the drawing up of battalions, and way of forming them; with the art of doubling, wheeling, forming and drawing up an army into any figure. The way of conducting armies in hilly, woody or plain countries: of encampings, besiegings, giving of battle, &c. The second of fortification and gunnery, which shews the principles and practices of fortification, as now used, as well by the English, as several other European nations, (especially by Their Majesties army) at the late siege of Athlone, Galoway, Limerick, &c. ... Of casements, cittadels, crownworks, ravelins, &c. Of gunnery, ... morters, demy-cannon, &c. with the manner of batteries, &c. All illustrated and further explained by 18 copper-plates, curiously designed and engraven.	Moxon, Joseph, 1627-1691.; J. S., Capt. Military discipline.; J. S., Capt. Fortification and military discipline.	1692 (1692)	Wing M3002; ESTC R217907	42,745	122

Numb III. teaching the Art of Smithing The second Three viz. Numb IV. Numb V. Numb VI. teaching the Art of Joynery The third Three viz. Numb VII Numb VIII Numb IX teaching the Art of House-Carpentery Accommodated with suitable Engraved Figures by Joseph Moxon c. Price of each Monthly Exercise 6 d. Mechanick Dialling Teaching any man though of an ordinary Capacity and unlearned in the Mathematicks to draw a true Sun-Dial on any Given Plain however situated only with the help of a streight Rule and a pair of Compasses and without any Arithmetical Calculation by Joseph Moxon c. Price 1 s. 6 d. At the place aforesaid you may have also all manner of Maps Sea-Plats Drafts Mathematical Books Instruments c. at the lowest Prizes There is Invented by the Right Honourable the Earl of Castlemain a new kind of Globe call'd for distinction sake the English Globe being a fix'd and immovable one performing what the Ordinary ones do and much more even without their usual Appendancies as Wooden Horizons Brazen Meridians Vertical Circles c. For it Composes it self to the Site and Position of the World without the Mariner's Compass or the like Forreign help and besides other useful and surprising Operations relating both to the Sun and Moon and perform'd by the Shade alone we have by it not only the constant proportion of Perpendiculars to their Shade with several Corollaries thence arising but also an easie new and most compendious way of describing Dials on all Plains as well Geometrically as Mechanically most of which may be taught any one in few Hours though never so unacquainted with Mathematicks To this is added on the Pedestal a Projection of all the appearing Constellations in this Horizon with their Figures and Shapes And besides several new things in it differing from the Common Astrolabe tending to a clearer and quicker way of Operating the very Principles of all Steriographical Projections are laid down and Mathematically demonstrated as is of every thing else of moment throughout the whole Treatise AN EPITOME Of the whole ART of WAR c. In two Parts THE extraordinary Benefit of the Noble Science called Military Discipline with that Mathematical Art called Fortification or Military Architecture is so well known that it stands not in need of my commendation and therefore to speak any thing thereto were but to light a Candle before the Sun In the managing of these Subjects I shall endeavour to be very plain and easie calculating them so as to be understood even by the meanest Capacities And first Of Exercising AS soon as the Regiment is drawn into Battalia the Commander in Chief is to place himself before the Centre of the Pikes about six Paces from them that he may be more easily understood by the whole Body and that he may the better observe what is done he is to be on Horse-back The Serjeants are to be placed two on each Rank the Right and Left The remainder always to be in the Rere making a Rank parallel to the Souldiers at three Paces distant from the last Rank The Drums are to be disposed of one half on the Right and the other on the Left ranging directly with the first Rank of the Soldiers The H●boys to be on the Right of the Drums The Commission-Officers are to take their Posts at the head of the Battalions as the Colours are drawn The words of Command ought to be given very leisurely and distinctly and silence is to be kept very strictly And in order thereunto the first word of Command before you begin the Exercise is Silence The next word of Command is Files open to the Right or to the Left to your Order March At which word every Man turns to the hand named and the Serjeants on the Flank lead the Ranks which are then Files directly forward with their Halberts advanced In this order no Man is to stir till his Leader be at least four foot from him and then to move keeping at that distance when the Officer sees the Files are opened enough the next word of Command is Halt as you were or to your Leader The Captains and Lieutenants always carry their Pikes Comported when they move to the Right or Left and the Colours are advanced The Serjeants are to be very mindful to keep the Ranks even and at 12 large feet distance and the Files at three The next thing is the Chief Officer gives this word of command to the Officers at the Head of the Battalion Have a care of the Exercise at which word of command the Musquetiers are to pull off their right-hand Gloves and put them under their Girdles and the Pike-men are to joyn their lest hands to their Pikes even with their Shoulders Then Officers take your Post of Exercise in the Rear March The Officers facing to the right about the Captains marching in one Rank and the Lieutenants and Ensigns in another till they come into the Rear and place themselves in Ranks the first thirteen and the other eleven Paces from the Souldiers And at the same time six of the Serjeants at the Rear march through the intervals of the Files into the Front and post themselves six paces advanced before the chief Officer where they are to range themselves into a parallel Line with the Battalion to keep the Front clear The Musquetiers being shouldred the Pikes advanced and silence commanded the Officer in chief proceeds as followeth Viz. Order your Pikes to the Right to the Right to the Right to the Right to the Right about as you were To the left to the left to the left to the left To the left about as you were Rules for the Exercise of the Fire-Lock THE Soldiers must take care of the carrying their Arms and be sure that they make no motion until the word of command be given and ended Musquetiers have a care of the Exercise carry your Arms well Here you must note that if it be a single Exercise the Command is 1. Soulder your Musquets 2. Lay your right-hand to your Musquets 3. Poise your Musquets 4. Rest your Musquets 5. Cock your Musquets 6. Guard your Musquets 7. Present 8. Fire 9. Recover your Musquets 10. Half bend or half cock your Musquets 11. Clean your Pans 12. Handle your Primers 13. Prime 14. Shut your Pans 15. Blow of your loose Corns 16. Cast about to Charge 17. Handle your Chargers 18. Open them with your Teeth 19. Charge with Powder 20. Draw forth your Scowrers 21. Shorten them to an inch 22. Charge with Bullet 23. Ram down Powder and Ball. 24. Withdraw your Scowrers 25. Shorten them to a Handful 26. Return your Scowrers 27. Poise your Musquets 28. Shoulder your Musquets 29. Poise your Musquets 30. Order your Musquets Rules for the Exercise of the Pike PIke-men take heed Advance your Pikes To the Front Charge To the Right 4 times Charge To the Right-about Charge As you were To the left 4 times Charge To the Left

the two right hand Files face to the right B. 3. The half File of the two left hand Files face to the left L. 4. Files of the Wings March Plate III Fig III Fig I Fig IV Fig II There remains afterwards upon the ground of the Battalion the six Files CD GH which must be opened by half Ranks and half Files to form the Cross of the third Figure and to clear the ground of the Center by a quarter Wheeling 5. The half File of the right hand half Rank C half turn to the Right Order your Pikes C makes a Front towards the Rear and keeps his ground 6. File-leader of the right hand half Rank to the right G. March Stand. The three Files G make a Front toward A upon the right Wing and advance on that side two or three Paces beyond their Ground and so thar which was a File is become a Rank 7. They that marched stand fast G to the Right a Quarter Wheeling The three Files G make a quarter turn to the right and wheel about the Soldier R in like manner as the right Wing TY of the first and became placed as you see the 2d Figure where the three Files G are marked with the same Letters as they are in the Body of the first Figure And because that after the Wheeling they make a Front toward VR to the end they may make the Front outward on the side of VXY The next Word of Command is 8. To the left Order your Pikes 9. File-leader of the left hand half Rank stand upon your Guard H. March Take notice in the 2d Figure of the three Files H marked with little Points These you cause to march forward along the Line marked PM QF to gain the ground H marked with three great Dots in the same Figure But to gain this ground they march beyond the ground of the Battalion till the second Rank pointed PN have advanced three Paces farther than the Flank YT of the three Files G which then make a Wheeling which will happen when the Soldier P shall be upon the ground Q and that the Soldier M shall come upon the ground F at what time the Word of Command 10. To the Right March To make a Front toward the three Files G and when they shall come to be three Paces from the Rear of the three Files G then Command them 11. To the Left Rest your Pikes Then they will make a Front outward and so shall keep their ground 12. The half File of the left hand half Rank stand fast D. March Stand. The half File D advances two Paces beyond its ground 13. To the Right A Quarter Wheeling The half File D makes a quarter Wheel about the Soldier Z and because that after the Wheeling they make a Front inward toward the Center therefore to change the Front outward the Word of Command is 14. They that made the Quarter Wheeling wheel by half Conversion to the Right The Cross being thus made you bring the four Files upon the Ground 4 5 7 8 and blunt the Angles according to the foregoing General Rule PLATE IV. The manner of drawing up a Battalion in a Hexagonal Figure with a void Space in the Center and the Front of the Battalion five times exceeding the Depth WE suppose the Battalion to consist of 720 Pikemen 12 Deep and 60 in Front which is to be drawn up into an Octogonal Figure like that marked ♂ The Battalion being drawn up in the large black Draught of the first figure to bring it to the Square marked with Points in thē same figure the following Words of Command are to be made use of 1. The twelve Files of the Right wing of the twelve Files of the left wing stand fast C. D. Q. P. A. B. 2. The six Right-hand files of the Right-wing and the six left hand files of the Left-wing C. D. A. B. 3. They that have advanced double their Files inward to the Front and Reer A Takes the Ground V. B. takes the Ground T. G. takes the Ground G O and D. possesses R. 4. They that had the word of Command and they that have doubled stand fast VPT OQR 5. Middle files stand fast ME. 6. Advance you Pikes Middle files EM 7. The half file of those that advanced their Pikes wheel by half Conversion to the Right M. 8. March those that advanced their Pikes till the first Rank be advanced one Pace further than the first of the files that doubled Front and Reer M and E move and change into the Ground marked with the points M and E and from the square represented by the same points which is afterwards to be considered in the figure K. 9. The six right-hand Files and the six left-hand Files that marched wheel by half Conversion into IF HH which done Face towards the Center of the Battalion 10. They that have wheeled by half Conversion to the Right march toward the Center till the last Rank be all entred I and F come upon the Ground Y and HH upon the Ground GG where as they stand they are caused to turn to the Right and Left to advance forward that is Y fronting Y. and G. fronting G by which means YY GG possess the Ground of NNNN The Ground IY and FY becomes void Then the word of Command is to be given to the two particular Battalions OQR VPT which in regard they make a front inward you must order the Battalion OQR to make a half wheel to the Right and the Battalion VPT to make a half wheeling to the left and by that means they will make a front inwards and you shall cause them to march to the Center and the O and V shall possess the ground Y Y and R and T shall possess the ground GG Then you must cut off eight fourths of the Ranks ORVTLLLL and reduce them into Triangles to blunt the four Angles that are next them and the Battalion shall be formed after an Octogonal figure as in the figure marked ♂ where you see the same letter made use of here they answer to the same letters in the two other figures You have 532 Musquetiers at 12 in depth and 44 in front there will remain 4. The 532 Musquetiers shall serve for the Flanks of the Battalion of Pikes and to that purpose you shall take 12 files of the right Wing which will make 144 Musquetiers and as they will be equal in front to the Body of the Pikes marked E you shall march them to the head of the said Body and cause them to enter into the Center through the Intervals of the Pikes When they are advanced towards the Center divide the Ranks into half so that one half Rank shall march towards the Body of Pikes marked Q and the other half Ranks towards the Body of Pikes marked P. After this take from the left Wing of the Musquetiers 12 files more which make 144 men and cause them to advance towards the

about Charge As you were Charge Advance your Pikes Shoulder your Pikes Charge to the Front As you were Charge to the Right As you were Charge to the Right about As you were Charge to the Left As you were Charge to the left about As you were Port Comport Charge to the Front Traile Charge As you were Advance your Pikes Musquetiers take heed Poise your Musquets Shoulder your Musquets Musquetiers make ready The manner of the Exercise of the Pike and Musquet together MVsquetiers make ready At the pronouncing these words of Command the Pikes being advanced and the Musquets shouldred the Musquetiers are to perform distinctly every posture of the Musquet together and being ready which is understood to be Cock't they are to guard them with their thumbs on their Cocks and bring up their Musquets streight before them their left hands the height of their mouths Both Pike-men and Musquetiers always observing when ever they recover their arms before them to bring their right heels to their left insteeps and when the Pikes charge and the Musquets rest to fall back with their right feet in a direct line Then to the Right 4 times Charge To the Right about Charge As you were Charge To the left 4 times Charge To the left about Charge As you were Charge Recover your Arms. Half bend your Musquets Poise your Musquets Shoulder your Musquets Here the Pike-men are to bring their Pikes from their Recover to their Advance Poise your Musquets Here the Piekmen are to joyn their left hands to their Pikes even to their shoulders Then Order your Arms is the next word of command In ordering their Arms they must be sure to make a little stop before the But-end comes to the ground that they may come down altogether at once Pikes to your inside Order Lay down your Arms. Quit your Arms. After laying down their Arms and quitting them they are all to stand up together To the right about March When the Soldiers have laid down their Arms and quitting them upon beat of Drum they are all to draw their Swords and run to their Arms observing always to keep the points of their Swords upright for fear of mischief When they lay their right hands on their Swords they must take hold of their Scabbards with their left hand Then the next word is Return you Swords When they return their Swords they must do it all at one motion Handle your Arms Pikes to your outside order Poise your Musquets Shoulder your Musquets Advance your Pikes Officers take your Posts at the head of the Battalion March Here all the Officers are to march back in the same method to the Front of the Batalion as they went from it Directions for the several Postures in exercising of the Musquet and Pike and first of the Musquet HE that designs to be a Soldier or become an Artist in Arms ought in the first place to learn and practise the Postures of his Arms a Posture being a Mode or Garb that we are used unto in the well-handling of our Arms. 1. Silence is an excellent Virtue and observe for all That in the Exercise both of Pike and Musquet the Feet are to be at a moderate distance for if they are too wide asunder or too near together it weakens and be sure to keep your left heel fast and to set your feet exactly or else you can never handle your Arms as you ought Lay your right hand on your Musquet Turn the Barrel toward you the Lock uppermost and lay your right hand the fingers extended just behind the Lock close the but-end of your Musquet to your shoulder that the Muzzels may be all of a height Poise your Musquet Grasp your Musquet hard facing to the right with a quick motion upon your left heel keeping your Musquet directly before you the height of your Cravat your right elbow on your side your feet neither too near nor at too great a distance but so that by turning the point of the left toe to the Front and that of your right as you face your left heel being exactly against the middle of your right foot you are in the posture for resting which is the reason of facing to the right that you may be in a readier posture to rest Rest your Musquet Let your Musquet sink down to your left hand and receive the Musquet into it just where the Scowrer enters into the Stock not touching the Barrel keeping your right hand upon your Musquet behind the Lock let your Musquet be held a little sloping about half a foot from your side as low as you can without stooping Cock your Musquet Place your right thumb upon the Cock and your fingers behind the Trigger and with the help of closing it to your thigh you cock it keeping it still rested with your thumb upon the Cock. Guard your Musquet keeping your thumb upon the Cock and your fingers behind the Trigger you bring up your Musquet with a very quick motion streight before you to the Recover your left hand as high as your mouth about half a foot from it without stooping bringing your right heel to your left in step Present Fall back with your right foot so that the left heel be against the middle of it raising the but-end of your Musquet to your shoulder your right elbow not higher than your Piece bending your left knee and keeping the right very stiff and your Musquet being level'd breast-high with your fingers upon the Trigger Fire Then be sure to draw the Trigger at one motion keeping your body steddy taking good aim and keeping your Musquet fast to your shoulder until you have the Word of Command Recover your Arms. Sink the but-end of your Musquet till you hold it upright in both hands the left hand alwaies as high as your mouth and the right under the Lock bring up your Musquet with a very quick motion and your right heel to your left instep Half bend your Musquet falling back with your right Leg bring your Musquet to the Rest laying your right Thumb upon the Cock and your Fingers behind the Trigger half bend it by putting it close to your Thigh and then keeping your Musquet rested Clean your Pan pressing the Ball of your Thumb into the Pan you wipe it having done that hold your Musquet in your right hand behind the Lock Handle your Primer Take hold of the great end of it between the Thumb and fore-finger of your right hand your Arm backward Prime At which time you must level your Musquet to be exactly upon a line and then put Powder into your pan Shut your Pan with your two first Fingers and casting back your Primer bring your Musquet to the Recover as there directed keeping your Thumb on the top of the Steel Blow off your loose Corns Be sure to blow all together bring your Pan up to your mouth standing upright blow off the loofe Corns then let your Musquet sink into the posture it was

in before Cast about to Charge you advance with your right leg turning your Musquet the barrel downwards bringing it to the left side a little backwards in your left hand keeping your right-foot-toe directly to the Front and your right heel over against the middle of the left foot ballancing your Musquet in the left hand the right hand joyned to the Muzzle which must be held directly to the front a foot from your body Handle your Charger Take it full in your hand and place it underneath your Musquet about an inch from the Muzzle Open it with your Teeth Bring it up to your mouth standing upright with your Head and not to bring your Head down to it Assoon as you have done this bring the Charger within an inch of the Muzzle underneath as before and cover the mouth of your Charger with the Ball of your Thumb Charge with Powder Put the Charge of powder into the barrel then hold your Charger again underneath your Musquet as before Draw forth your Scourer Now let fall your Charger and turn your hand your little-finger next the Muzzle and draw it at three motions being drawn dart it that is hold it level to the height of your Eye your Arm extended Shorten it to an inch Turn the great end of your Scowrer towards you and slip your hand till within an inch of the end letting it rest against your body a little below your right breast sloped all of a height Charge with Bullet Take the Bullet out of your mouth putting it into the barrel and then put the great end of the Scourer after it just into the Muzzle of the Piece and so stand till the next word of command Ram down Powder and Ball. Which is done by holding a handful of the Scowrer in your hand and your thumb on the top of it Withdraw your Scowrer Turn your hand your thumb and fore-finger towards the Muzzle and when your Scowrer is clear which is to be done at three motions dart again as before Shorten it to an handful Turn the small end of the Scowrer to your breast and slip your hand till within an handful of the end of it holding it to your body as before directed Return your Scowrer Re-place it in the Stock of your Musquet pressing it down with your thumb then alwaies remember to grasp the Muzzle of your Musquet with your right hand your thumb streight out upon the Scowrer keeping your Musquet clear from your side some half a foot the Muzzels all of a height directly to the front Poise your Musquet With your left hand bring up your Musquet before you and falling with your right leg even with your left grasp your Musquet under the Lock with your right hand and poise as before Shoulder your Musquet as formerly Poise as before Order Sink your right hand a little take hold of the Stock with your left hand upon the place where the Scowrer goes into the Stock then sinking that hand take hold of the Muzzle with your right hand and let the but-end sink to the ground close to the right foot the Lock outwards Lay down your Musquet Turn your Musquet with the Lock upwards and step forwards with your left leg and right hand and lay it upon the ground in a streight line Quit your Musquet Fall back with your left leg even to the right and stand up Handle your Musquet Step forwards with your left leg and lay your right hand near the Muzzle of your Musquet Order your Musquet Lift up the Muzzle of your Musquet and fall back with your left leg even to the right turning the Lock of your Musquet outwards by the middle of your foot Directions for the several Postures in exercising of the PIKE ADvance your Pikes With your right hand lift upright your Pike as high as you can well reach and take it with your left hand as low as you can and raise it till the but-end comes into the right hand then bring it between your breast and shoulder upright close to your thigh To the Front Lay your left hand on your Pike even with the top of your shoulder and bring the Pike streight upright before you with a quick motion drawing in your right heel to your left instep Charge Fall back with your right leg so that the heel of your left foot may be directly against the middle of your right foot Bring down your Pike extream quick with a jerk and charge Breast high your left Elbow under your Pike to support it yielding your body forwards and bending your left Knee with your feet at a convenient distance that you may stand strong always holding the But-end of your Pike in the Palm of your right hand and your left foot pointing in a strait line with your Pike To the Right four times Turn your left Toe to the right Bring up your right heel to your left Insteps and your Pike recovered straight before you with as quick a motion as in Charging Then having turned fall back with your right leg as before Charge as before To the right about Turn your left Toe to the right about bringing your right Heel as before and your Pike recovered charge before As you were You turn your left Toe to the left about bringing up your Pike recovered your left hand never to be higher than your Mouth and your right Heel as before and being turned you fall back with your Right Leg and Charge You must be sure always to bring your Pike streight up and not to swing it about for then 't will clatter against the other Pikes To the Left Four times To the Left about As you were Advance your Pikes Bringing up your Right Heel to your Left Instep and your Pike first before you you fall out with your Right Foot even with your Left and bring your Pike to your Shoulder Shoulder Lay your Left Hand on your Pike even with your Shoulder fall back with your Right Leg and put back your Right Arm as far as you well can holding your Pike half a Foot from your side then taking off your Left Hand bring up your Right Leg and lay your Pike on your Right Shoulder your Elbow close to your Body the butt-end half a Foot from the ground Charge to the Front Fall back with your Right Leg and put back your Right Arm as far as you can be sure to keep the Spear directly to the Reer and your Pike sloaped at the same heighth with the Spear as when it was Shouldered neither higher not lower Vide Charge Shoulder as you were You must now raise your Pike with both your Hands then leaving it with the Right Hand and turning the Head backwards with the Left take hold again with the Right as high as you can reach with ease bringing up your Right leg taking off your Left Hand from your Pike Shoulder as before Charge to the Right Bring your Pike up and turn the butt-end backwards by your

Right side taking it in the Palm of your Right Hand turning your Body to the Right upon your Left Foot with your Right Leg behind your Left and Charge as before Shoulder as you were Raise your Pike with both Hands then turn about to the Left bringing your Feet as formerly directed then with your Left hand turn your head of the Pike to the Right Then taking hold of it with your Right Hand hold it in both hands at a little distance from your Body as before sloped at the same height as when Shouldered then bringing up your Right Leg lay it on your Shoulder Charge to the Right about Fall back with your Leg and Hand as before and stand with your Pike in the same Posture then upon your Left Foot turn to the Right about bring the Butt-end of your Pike to the right side falling back with your right Leg level your Pike Breast high and Charge As you were Turn to the Left about and with your Left Hand bring the Butt-end of your Pike by your left side keeping the Speer-point exactly to the Reer the same height as before then laying your Right Hand as high as you can well reach hold it from your Body as before then bring up your Right Leg and Shoulder Charge to the Left Fall back with your Leg and Arm as in the rest and turn to the Lest and with your Left Hand turn the Butt-end of the Pike to the Right and bring up your Right Leg. Charge As you were Bring your Pike over your Head with your Left Hand falling back with your Right Leg and puting back your Right Arm as before bring up the Right Leg and Shoulder Port. As Charging to the Front but that you sink not the Spear of your Pike so low and instead of letting the Pike rest upon your Left Elbow 't is to rest between the Thumb and Fore-finger and your Elbow close to your side Comport You bring your Left Hand as far back as you can and stretching out the Right at the same time step forwards with your right Foot grasp your Pike with your Right Hand then leaving it with your Left Hand fall back with the Right Leg even with your Left close the Pike to your side the Spear of your Pike about the height of your Head Charge to the Front Extend your Right Arm as much as you can advancing your Right Leg at the same motion and putting your Left Hand as far back as you can bring forward your Pike then stepping back with your Right Leg take hold of the butt-end of it with your Right hand when you Charge Charge always Breast high Trail Face to the Right about and let the Spear of your Pike fall behind you quit your Right Hand from the butt-end of it without stirring your Left Charge as you were Turn to the Left about and taking the butt-end of the Pike on the Palm of your Right Hand Charge Advance your Pikes Bring up your Right Heel to your Left Instep and your Pike before you to the Recover you fall out with your Right Foot even with your Left and bring your Pike to your Right Thigh Order your Pikes Lay your Left Hand on your Pike even with the top of your Shoulder then sinking your Left Hand take hold of it with your Right Hand so as when the butt-end of it is upon the Ground your Right Hand may be against your Eye keeping your Pike near your Head and the butt-end near the Latchet of your Shooe Pikes to your inside Order Move the butt-end of your Pike on the inside of the middle of your Right Foot Lay down your Pike Step forward quick with your Left Leg lay it down strait with your Right Hand Quit your Pikes Bring back your Left Leg even to your Right and stand up altogether Handle your Pikes Step forward with your Left Leg quick placing the middle of your Right Foot against the but-end of your Pike lay your Right Hand on your Pike as far as you can reach Order your Pikes Raise the Pike with your Right Hand only and fall back with your Left Leg. Pikes to your Outside Order Place the butt-end of your Pike at the middle on the outside of your Foot Advance As before PLATE I. The Way and Method how to form and order Battalions of Foot THIS Excellent Art of forming the Foot instructs how to draw up a Body of them in such excellent order and with so much precaution beforehand that it may be able to withstand 〈…〉 another Body of Infantry though of a 〈◊〉 greater number or a Body of Cavalry alone or else a Body compos'd both of Cavalry and Infantry when attacked in a Plain Down or in an open Field where there are neither Defiles as Hedges nor Ditches nor any rising Grounds to defend them from the Enemy Now the Pike and Partisan being the only Arms proper to stop 〈◊〉 fury of the Cavalry and to prevent their breaking in upon the Battalion the first thing that is to be done in drawing up this Battalion must be to form a Body of all Pikes and it must be the chief care of the Officer that commands the Party to dispose his Men in such a form that they may be able not only to defend the Musqueteers but the Colours also and the Baggage if there should be occasion Plate I 1. The Men must be so ordered as to stand with their Arms presented every way and to make a Front on every side to the end that whatever of their Fronts be assailed or attacked they may be able to defend themselves 2. The Soldiers must be so ordered that the Angles of the Battalion may be very obtuse in such a manner that the two sides that form the Angle joyn together but with one right Line only For the Angle is the weakest part of the Battalion as being least strengthened by the Pikes For the Soldiers which are next the Angle present their Pikes in Front and not being able therefore to present lie open to the Enemy So that our Fore-Fathers with whom squ 〈…〉 Battalions were in great use flanked their Angles with little Bodies of Musqueteers marked ABCD which are small Bodies posted in the middle of the Fronts of the Battalion and with which sometimes they secur'd the Angles True it is that these little Bodies being easily cut off by the Horse and beaten off from the Body of the Battalion the farther use of them has been laid aside 3. You ought to leave void a space of Ground in the Center of the Battalion or middle of the Pikes sufficient to receive and secure the Musqueteers the Colours and Baggage The manner of ordering any number of Soldiers into any Square Form of Battel 1. These are to be considered either in respect of the Form of the Ground or of the Number of the Men. A Square Battel of Ground is that which hath the Rank as long as the File notwithstanding the Men in

Rank be more than in File A Square Battle of Men is that which hath an equal number of Men both in Rank and File though the Ground on which they stand be longer on the File than on the Rank 2. In respect of the number of the Men it is called either a Square Battel or a Double Battel or a Battel of the Grand Front which is Quadruple or a Battel of any proportion of the number in Rank to the number in File 3. So that if you are to form a Square Battle of Men extract the Square Root out of the whole number of Men and the same shall be the number of Soldiers to beset in a Rank As for Example 570 are to be formed into a Square Battel that there may be as many in Rank as in the File Take the Square Root of 576 which 〈◊〉 ●4 the Number that are to be in Rank and also in a File To order any number of Men into a Battel of the Grand Front SUppose 16900 Soldiers were to be Marshalled into a Battel of the Grand Front First divide 16900 by 4 which gives me 〈…〉 out of which I extract the Square Root which is 65 the Quadruple whereof is 260 so that I have 6 for a File and 260 in Rank Any number of Men with their distance in Rank and File how to order them into a Square Battel of Ground SUppose 2500 Soldiers were to be 〈…〉 Square Battle of Ground so that their distance in File should be 7 Feet and in Rank 3 Feet How many Men must be placed in Rank and in File Say by the Rule of Three as 7 to 3 〈◊〉 2500● to ●●71 the Square Root whereof is 32 which is the number of Men in a File and 3 over How to find the number of Men that are to be in Rank divide 2500 by 32 the Quotient is 78 which is the number of Men to be placed in a Rank and 4 over The manner how to order the Square in time of Battel THE Square being formed as aforesaid the Officers are to take care that every Front of Soldiers do their Duty and the Captains that are in the Center of each Front are to retire into the first Rank when the Musqueteers make ready and are to kneel when the Soldiers kneel and to perform the same with their Pikes as the Pikemen do Then Command Granadiers take your Posts in the Angles Here your Granadiers are to be divided in 4 equal parts and are to be placed without at the 4 Angles but if there be not room enough you may place some of them within the Angles with their Daggers in their Firelocks Those without the Angles are to be 3 deep The 2 last Ranks of which are to fire with the Musqueteers And the Front Rank are to make ready their Granadoes And as soon as the two last Ranks have fired they are to put their Daggers into their Firelocks and stand Charged and when the first Rank of Musqueteers present the first Rank of Granadiers are to deliver their Granado's which done they are to unsling their Firelocks and put in their Daggers and stand Charged as the rest 2. Face Square Here the Musqueteers on the Right and Left are to face outwards and those to the Rear to face to the right about The 3 outwardmost Files of Pikes on the right and left are to face outwards and the Rear half Files of the rest of the Pikes are to face to the Right about Those in the Angles are to face to the points of the Angles 3. Musqueteers make ready Here the Pikes are to Port very low and to continue so and not to Charge when the Musqueteers Present 4. First Rank Kneel Which they must do holding their Musquets so that the two last Ranks may fire over them 5. The two last Ranks Present Fire As soon as ever the second and third Rank have Fired and Recovered their Arms the first Rank is to stand up without any other Word of Command with their Musquets Cocked and Guarded ready to Present 6. Recover your Arms. Here the first Rank stands up with their Musquets recovered strait before them ready Cocked and Guarded and the two Ranks that have fired load 7. Front Rank Present 8. Fire Recover your Arms. At which Word of Command the Pikemen are to recover their Pikes from their Port. To your Leader March Halt Face Square c. According to this Method they may be made to March and to Fire to every Front PLATE II. The General Rule for the blunting or filling up the Angles of the Battalion EVERY Body whether lesser or greater that requires the blunting of its Angles ought to be compos'd of a Square number of Men as of 4 9 16 25 36 49 c. Therefore you must place the Men in Rank according to the Arithmetical Progression or Proportion of which the Interval Excess or Difference of the Terms must always be two Thus having placed the first Man at the Angular Point A of the Figure 1. the second Rank shall be of three Men as being a number of which the Excess Interval and Difference is Two in respect of one The third Rank shall be of five Men which is a number that exceeds three by two The fourth shall be of seven the fifth of nine and so forward still encreasing every Rank by two Men more than the Rank which is before according to the same Arithmetical Progression which has always two for the Interval and difference of the Terms Now to place these Men in due Order you must imagine that the Square little Body ACBD moves off the Ground T upon the left of the Plate II Fig 1 Battalion Q and when its last Rank AD is advanced one Pace beyond the Wing AD of the same Battalion Q it turns to the right and then the Soldier A of the Second Figure comes upon the Ground A of the first Figure The sides AD AC of the small Body meet together upon the sides that answer one another AD AC of the Angle Then you Command the Men of the little Battalion to make a Front toward the Angle and when they are drawn up according to this Arithmetical Progression you cause them to make an outward Front PLATE III. The manner of framing an Octogon Battalion with Eight Fronts SUPPOSE it a Battalion of 40 Pikemen drawn up four deep and 10 in Front You may according to the same Method draw up like an Octogon any number of Pikemen that shall observe the same Proportion of 4 to 10 between Front and Depth as 8 in Depth and 20 in Front 16 in Depth and 40 in Front or 32 in Depth and 80 in Front For in this Example I have chosen this little number of Pikemen to give the more light to the ordering and disposing of a far greater number The Words of Command 1. The two right hand Files and the two left hand Files stand fast AB IL. 2. The half File of

Center through the Intervals of the Pikes E and then divide them by half files One half File shall advance toward M and the other half File shall stand their ground behind the Pikes E. For the 304 Musquetiers that remain they shall make the two Files that surround the whole Body PLATE V. The way and manner of reducing a Battalion with a void space in the Center YOU begin with the Musquetiers which you command from the Center through the several fronts MPEQ which together with those that surrounded the Body you cause to rank and file themselves as they were As for the Pikes that form the Octogonal Body you give them the following words of Command 1. They that stand in the Angles to your Places O and R. resume their distances and make the same front at Q. The files V and I do the same in respect of P and the files LL observe the same order in regard of the Pikes ME. 2. The twelve files of the right wing and the twelve files of the left wing that doubled Front and Reer stand fast OQR VPT 3. March files of the wings that have received the word of command OQR and VPT move off and march forward Plate IV Fig 1. 5. The Files that marched toward the Center to their places the four small Squares NNNN return to the Front of M. and E. 6. The middle Files stand upon your Guard E. M. 7. The half File of the middle Files half a Turn to the Right M makes a Front towards the same Center 8. File-Leader of the middle Files half a Turn to the Right E makes a Front towards the same Center 9. March middle Files E and M move forward till they come upon the Front CDQ and PAB of the first Figure 10. File-Leader of those that marched half a Turn to the Right E returns to its first Front and the Battalion is reduced Directions for Firing 1. In keeping of Ground This way of Firing may be performed either by two Ranks at a time or three Ranks The first Kneeling and the second Stooping or the two first Stooping or else thus Musketeers make ready all at which time the Musketeers are to be Cocked and Guarded and their Arms strait before them the Pikes Ported and when the Musketeers Present the Pikes are to be charged Then The five first Ranks Kneel The Reer Rank Present Fire Fifth Rank stand up Present Fire Fourth Rank Stand up Present Fire And so of the rest And as they have fired they are to charge again and to be in a readiness against the next Word of Command 2. For Fire gaining Ground the Command is First Rank and Musketeers make ready Halt Then Present and Fire Here they are to recover their Arms without any command and to file off to the Right and Left into the Reer When the first Rank presents the next Rank is to make ready without any Command and as the first Rank files off the next make good the Front and so the Battalion is to March again and every Rank to Fire in this order And when every Rank presents the Pikes are to charge without any command 3. Of Firing to the Front retreating The best way is to Fire by single Ranks in the same method as in gaining Ground only after every Rank has fired and filed off to the Right and Left into the Rear instead of the next Rank advancing to make good the Front of Pikes the Pikes are to retreat to the Musketeers who stand still till the Pikes make an even Front with them PLATE VI. The best Way and Method of Marching an Army in a Flat and Plain Country Plate V. A Regiment of 12 Companies Encamped Officer in Cheif Captains Saba●terns Souldiers Serjeants Muskets Pikes Profile for Trenches Profile for Redoubts All the Companies being drawn up they shall begin to March and must range themselves in Squadrons and Battalions to be afterwards embattel'd in the Ground marked out by the Marshal of the Camp or his Assistants The Marshal of the Camp ought in the first place to be exactly informed of the condition of the Country through which the Army is to march taking his Instructions from the general and particular Maps of the Country or from the Information of the Country People He shall draw up his Men in Battel-Array according as he thinks most convenient or as the General shall have given him Order If it be through a plain and open Country which is convenient for the Cavalry the Artillery and Waggons then let him extend the Wings of the Army and observe the following Order He shall divide his Army into three Bodies that in the middle must consist of three Thirds of the whole Infantry drawn up in great Bodies and Battalions each consisting of two or three Regiments Upon the Wings or Flank of this Infantry must be placed the great Artillery guarded by some Battalion of the Infantry Upon the Right and Left Wing of this middle Line shall the Cavalry march in little Squadrons each consisting of two Cornets The rest of the Infantry marching in little Bodies shall enclose between it and the Cavalry the Baggage and Ammunition of the Army with some Field Pieces as may be observed by the March represented in the Figure PLATE VII Of the March of an Army through an Enemies Country IF there be a Necessity to carry the War into the Enemies Country either to Besiege some place therein or else for the Relief of some place already besieged whether the Enemy be beaten in the Field or whether he still keep the Field to put new Supplies of Men and Provision into the Garrison or hinder Provision from being brought to the Enemies Camp Upon all these Occasions whether he encamp in the Field or Quarter in Villages the General must take care that the Commissary General of the Victuals and the Treasurers at War be diligent and faithful in their Charge in providing and furnishing the Army with Victuals If the Enemy has been routed and be not in a condition to recruit then you may march as in the preceeding Pages whether the Country be open or streighter Plate VI. Plate VIII The Cavalry must be placed upon the Wings in Front and in the Reer of the Bodies The Infantry must march in the middle and in a gross Battalion The Artillery upon one side guarded by some old Regiments as you see in the Plate PLATE VIII General Directions for Encamping an Army WHEN the Camp-Master General or Major-General hath read the Number of the Horse and Foot that are in the Army he must proportion and cast up what space of Ground will suffice to encamp them with all their Provision Carriages and so that neither for due Room the Soldiers be pestered nor by over large Spaces the Camp not sufficiently fortified This being of great Importance it will be requisite for him to understand well Arithmetick and Geometry and to have in readiness sundry Plats and Models and Forms of

How to Tertiate Quadrate and to Dispart a Piece of Ordnance 1. To Tertiate a Piece is to find whether it hath its due thickness at the Trunnions Touch hole and Neck and if the Trunnions Touch-hole and Neck are in its due order and the Chase streight 2. To Quadrate a Piece mounted is to see whether it be directly placed and equally poized in the Carriage which is known by finding in the Convex Superficies of the Base and Muzzel-Ring the Point which is Perpendicular over the Soul of the Piece which may be found by the Gunners Instrument called a Level an Instrument whose use is so vulgarly known that it needeth not my Explanation 3. To Dispart a Piece is to fix or elevate on the Convex-point of the Muzzel-Ring a Mark as far distant from the Cylinder or Soul of the Piece as is the Point of the Base-Ring to the end that the Visail-ray which passeth by these Marks may be parallel to the Chase Soul or Cylinder of the Piece Now the Dispart i. e. the difference of the Semidiameters of the Cornishes may be by a pair of Calliper Compasses attained which found place on the top of the Cornish Ring near the Muzzel over the middle of the Inferior Cylinder To know how far any Piece of Ordnance will shoot c. As to the several shootings in Artillery Authors differ much in their Judgments and Opinions but they all unanimously agree that the Ball being shot forth flies through the Air with a Violent Mixt and Natural Motion describing a Parabolical line in whose beginning and ending are lines sensibly streight and in the middle curved In the beginuing the imprest force driving forward by the Fire the natural gravity of the Ball doth describe a Right Line called the Direct Line or Ranges of the Balls Circuit In the middle that force diminisheth and the Natural Gravity prevaileth so that it describeth a curved line called the Balls middle Helical or Conical Arch In the end the Natural Gravity overcoming the imprest violence which becomes altogether weak and faint describes a new right line called the Balls declining line in which the Ball tends towards the Center of the Earth as towards a Place natural unto all heavy bodies See Figure 92. These motions are somewhat longer according as the Piece is mounted from the Level unto the Angle of 45 deg which is called the Vtmost Random The Elevation of which is regulated by the Gunner's Quadrant the use of which Instrument is so generally known and by so many Authors fully explained that I here crave leave to omit it But take these for general Rules 1. That a Shot at Right Angle strikes more violent and furiously than at Oblique Angles therefore Gunners use when they are to batter down a Tower Wall or Earth-work to shoot point blank at the object Tire by Tire by discharging all the Pieces in Battery against the self same object in the same instant holding it for a Maxim that ten Cannons discharged together do far more Execution than discharged one after another Now at Oblique Angles they shoot either Cross-ways or by rebounding 2. That the speediest way to make a Breach in a Wall c. Is by shooting at the Object from two Batteries which ruins far more speedily than by striking the Object with one Battery at Right Angles although that one Battery hath as many Cannon as the other two hath 3. That if you were to Batter a flank covered with an Orillion which because you cannot possibly Batter it right forward you must therefore of necessity batter it obliquely by way of Rebounding thus Chuse a fit place in the Courtain to be your object on which you may play with your Battery obliquely so that by a rebound the shot may leap into the flanks holding for a Maxim in this operation That the Angles of Incidence and Reflection are equal Of shooting in Mortar-Pieces A Mortar-Piece is a short Piece with which they shoot Bombs Granado-shells Stone-Balls c. not by a Right Line but from a Curved from on high so that it may fall where it should be desired Now this Mortar is placed in the Carriage 〈…〉 Bombs are great hollow Balls of Iron or Brass in which are put fine sifted Gunpowder which by a Fuse they proportion to them a due Fire that so they may break assoon as they fall amongst the Enemies These Fusees are small Trunks of Wood Tin or Iron filled with a prepared Composition for that purpose Granadoes are of the same form with Bombs only smaller and are many times cast by hand and are made of Iron Brass Glass or Earth Now in order to the well shooting in those kind of Machines called Mortars 't is requisite to observe these following Rules as 1. That before you make a Shot at any place you find the distance thereof from your Mortar 2. That the Bombs or other Bodies that are to be shot be of equal weight otherwise the Shots will fail 3. That the Carriage in breadth be always on a Level and without any descent that so it may not leap in discharging fail 4. That the Powder with which the Mortar is loaded be always of the same force and weight 5. That the charge of the Mortar as well in Powder as in Wadding be always rammed in with blows equally heavy and of equal number 6. That the Wadds be always either of Wood or Tompeons or else of Oakam for the strongest drives it farthest 7. That the Fusees be newly made in those days that they are to be used and that they be made of a Composition proportionable to the Range that the Shot shall make in the Air so that the Bomb may break in the very moment it falls which Composition must be such that though it fall in the Water yet not to extinguish but the Bomb there to break Now before we proceed any farther I think it necessary to shew how to compose your Ingredients for your Fusee To make Fuses for Bombs c. The Composition for Bombs must be of a slow motion that so time enough may be given to throw either Bombs Granadoes Fire-Balls Thundring Barrels c. They are compounded of these Ingredients thus Take a pound of Gunpowder 416 of Sulphur 416 of Saltpeter well beaten dry and sifted separately then mix it and make up your Fuse hereof Or Take Powder of Benjamin and small-Coles all well beaten and mixed together with some Oil of Piter and so fill the Fusee therewith Now the use of Mortar-Pieces being for the most part to shoot up at Random therefore the Randoms of these Pieces is very necessary to be known Therefore I have hereunto annexed a Table of Randoms for the twelve Points of the Quadrant calculated by Diego Vffano Zutphen and to be found in his Works printed 1621. A Table of Randoms for Mortar-Pieces to the twelve Points of the Gunners Quadrant calculated by Diego Uffano Zutphen 583 570 534 468 377 248 100 6 5 4