the Front every man placing himself on the outside of his right-hand-man Direction The first Rank stand the rest move away to the right successively into the Front placing themselves on the outside of their right-hand-men Reducement Ranks rank twelve to the left every man placing himself on the outside of his left-hand-man the first twelve upon the left are to stand the rest are successively to fall in behind the first Rank placing themselves as before commanded or Ranks rank as you were placing your selves on the outside of your left-hand-men Command Ranks rank entire to the left into the Front every man placing himself on the outside of his left-hand-man Direction The first Rank stand the rest move away to the left successively placing your selves on the outside of your left-hand-men Reducement Ranks rank twelve to the right every man placing himself on the outside of his right-hand-man or Ranks rank as you were every man placing himself as before Command Ranks rank outward into the Front every man placing himself on the outside of his right and left-hand-man Direction The first Rank stand the rest move forth to the right and left and successively to fall into the Front every man placing himself on the outside of his right and left-hand-man Reducement Ranks rank twelve to the right and left inward every man placing himself on the inside of his right and left-hand-man the twelve middle men are to stand the rest are to move to the right and left inward six to one hand and six to the other making twelve in Rank and falling behind the first Command Ranks rank inward into the Front every man placing himself on the inside of his right and left-hand-man Direction Right and left Half-ranks open from the midst to twice double Distance the first Rank of each Division is to stand the rest are to move successively to the right and left inward into the Front making one entire rank Reducement Ranks rank six to the right and left outward every man placing himself on the outside of his right and left-hand-man the first Rank of each Division stand the rest move to the right and left outward ranking as before commanded falling successively in the reer of the first rank and after to close their Divisions CHAP. XLI Files ranking into the Front by Wheeling Command FIles rank to the right into the Front by wheeling The Files are to be at double distance and ranks at close a Order Direction Face to the right and wheel to the left until they stand even abrest in one entire Rank in the Front Reducement Ranks file six to the left by wheeling face all to the Reer and the first six men then upon the right wheel to the right and so consequently all the rest wheeling by fixes to the right their Leaders that were before being the hinges of the motion and after face to their Leader Command Files rank to the left into the Front by wheeling Direction Face to the left and wheel to the right until they make all one entire Rank in the Front Reducement Ranks file six to the right by wheeling face to the Reer and the six outmost men upon the left wheel to the left the next six are to follow and consequently all the rest until they have made twelve Files as at the first and after face to their Leader Command Files rank outward into the Front by wheeling Direction Right and left half-Ranks close into the midst to Order and face outward wheeling to the right and left until you are one entire Rank Reducement Rank file six to the right and left inward by wheeling face about to the right and the twelve middlemost men are to wheel to the right and left inward and the rest are likewise to do the same by Sixes until they have made themselves into twelve Files after face to their Leader Command Files rank inward into the Front by wheeling Direction Right and left half-Ranks open from the midst to twice double distance after face inward and wheel to the right and left inward until they are all in one Rank in the Front Reducement Ranks File six to the right and left outward face all about and wheel by Sixes to the right and left the Leaders being the hinges of the Motion after face to the Front and right and left half-Ranks may close into the midst again to their double distance Here endeth the ranking into the Front with all their several kinds the Reer challengeth next place but I shall spare the pains and labour to set them down in regard that he who hath a mind to rank his men thither may if he please make use of all the former words of Command for the performance of the same facing them upon every Command to the Reer I come therefore in the next place only to mention the ranking into the midst by Ranks and Files which may likewise be performed by the former words of Command provided they have convenient distance and be faced to the midst and after the Command is executed to face them to their first Front Yet there is remaining a ranking unto all these places at once for the performance of which observe these few words of Command following CHAP. XLII Ranks ranking or Files ranking at one and the same time into Front Reer and Midst They are to stand at Order in Rank and File Command RAnks rank outward into the Front Reer and Midst Direction The two last Ranks are to face about the first Rank and the last Rank and the third Rank from the Front are to stand the other three are to move forth six to the right and six to the left until they have ranked unto all these places after face to the Front and the last Rank moving f r ward to open Order Reducement Ranks rank twelve to the right and left inward the last Rank face about the twelve middlemost men of each Rank are to stand the six outmost men of each Rank are to face inward to move and fall into the right and left behind the middlemost men after the two last Ranks are to face to the Front Command Ranks rank inward into the Front Reer and Midst Direction Right and left half-Ranks open from the midst to twice double distance the two last Ranks face to the Reer the first and last Rank and the third Rank from the Front stand the rest move to the right and left inward ranking into Front Reer and Midst after that the last Rank is to face to the Front and to close forward to open Order Reducement Ranks rank six to the right and left outward the last Rank face about and the outmost six men upon each Rank are to stand and the middle men are to divide themselves six to the right hand and six to the left and to fall in the Reer of the first last and middle Rank after the last Rank is to face to the Front and then to close Ranks and Files
would say Command To the left hand Direction It is done by turning towards the left hand until their faces front to that place which was before the Reer To reduce them to their first form as that must be observed the word is Command To the right hand about as you were Command To the left hand about Command Ranks to the right double The use hereof hath been shewed before but to perform it this is the Direction Every other Rank that is every even Rank is to pass into the odd upon the right hand of his Leader the second Rank into the first and so successively To reduce them the Word is Command Ranks as you were Direction It is best done by causing those Ranks which doubled to stand and those that stood to advance Command Ranks to the left double Direction The difference of this Motion from the former is nothing but that here they which double do it to the left hand of their Leaders which before they did to their right hands as the Figure maketh it plain This done they must be reduced by commanding Command Ranks as you were Command Files to the Right Double Direction Let the second File pass into the First every man behinde his side-man accounting from the right hand the fourth into the third and so the rest which must be done through the whole Company at one instant But because the first Rank of the Troop is as the edge and the Files are for the most part appointed but five deep there seemeth no great necessity of doubling Files To reduce them the Word is Command Files to the left as you were Command Files to the left double Direction The Difference between this and the former Motion is the difference of hands only And by this means those Files which stood before must move now and they which moved before now stand as appears by the Figure They are reduced by commanding Command Files as you were or Ranks to the Right double Command Half Files to the Right hand double the Front Direction Middle Men double the first Rank on the right hand the other three Ranks double the threee following Ranks To reduce them the Word is Command Half files as you were But it is better to cause them that doubled to stand and the first Division to advance Command Half-Files to the Left hand double the Front Direction This Motion differs from the former in the hand only There is also doubling of Ranks by the Half Files entire to the right or left or both by Division but because the Files especially of Guirassiers are seldome above five deep the doubling of Ranks Half-files c. is little used The reducing of them is shewed in the former Motion Command Bringers-up to the right hand double the Front Direction The last Rank must pass into the first and so successively every one by the right hand of his Leader as in the figure It is of goood use but troublesome for the Horse to perform especially in the reducing so it may be used or omitted as shall be thought fit To reduce them Command Bringers-up as you were Command Files to the Left hand Countermarch Though it were fit to begin with the right hand yet for the convenient turning of the Horse to the left I think it not amiss to prefer the left Direction The Figure sufficiently represents the manner of the Motion which represents the Choraean manner there be also Countermarches after the Macedonian and Lacedemonian ways which for brevity are here omitted Command Files close to the right and left to your close Order Direction Being about to wheel the Troop they must be closed first the Files and then the Ranks And being to open them again the Ranks are first to be opened and then the Files All the Files close to the right and left towards the middle of the Body Command Ranks close forward to your close Order Direction All the Ranks move forward saving the first which stand The second Rank having their distance stand and so all the rest The Horse being to wheel it must be conceived that it cannot be performed by them in so exact a manner nor in so strait a room as the Foot therefore the Commander is to ride a reasonable compass that so the Horse may do it with convenience Command To the left hand Wheel Certain Authors as Melzo and Basta would have the Horse in all their Wheelings to do it by the left which is the readier way unless the ground or other hinderace will not permit it the Wheeling to the Right is here omitted which should in order go first Direction All the Body must move to the left upon the left File-leader who is the Center or Hinge upon which the whole Body turneth To reduce them Command Wheel as you were There is also Wheeling to the Right or Left about Wheeling Wings into the Front c. To reduce them into their first Order Direction First the Ranks are to be opened then the Files which bringeth them to their first form In opening of Ranks the only way is to do it by opening forward These and such like Motions are directed and commanded by the Voice of the Commander but because the Voice cannot at all times be heard especially in gross bodies by reason of the clashing of Armor trampling and neighing of Horses tumultuous sounds and noise of the Multitude and that especially in fight Antiquity hath invented helps making three kinds of Military Signs or Directions 1. Vocal which is by the Commanders Voice pronounced by the inferior Officers to the Ear. 2. Semivocal by Drum Trumpet or other Warlike instrument to the Ear. 3. Mute By Signs to the Eye as by the Ensign Standard c. The Cavalry therefore must be taught distinctly to know the Sounds of the Trumpet as when to clap on their Saddles when to mount when to repair to their Cornet when to Troop away when to give a Charge when to retreat when to attend the Watch and the like All which being the louder Voice of the Commander they must perfectly observe and obey Notwithstanding I have here propounded a Troop of 64 Horse to be exercised in their Motions and those of eight in File yet the general opinion is that a Troop ought not to be deeper then five in File though the Troop do consist of 100 Horse Every Troop must be furnished with A Captain A Lieutenant A Cornet A Quartermaster Three Corporals Two Trumpetters A Clerk A Sadler A Ghyrurgeon A Farrier When the Troop is to March they are to be divided into three equal parts according to the number of Corporals which parts are called Squadrons and distinguished by these Names The Captains Lieutenants and Cornets Squadron The first Squadron is to be led by the Captain the second by the Cornet the third by the eldest Corporal the Lieutenant and Quartermaster are to march in the Reer The manner how a Troop of 60 Horse besides Officers should March
the pains to be a good Muskettier certainly cannot be idle but hath gained something more to make him capable of such praise To conclude I shall desire the Gentlemen of the Pikes and the Gentlemen of the Muskettiers to go hand in hand in love like dear Brothers and neither of them to envy each other and in so doing God will give a blessing to their undertakings But now fearing I have dwelt too long upon this discourse of the Arms I shall next proceed to set down first the postures of the Pike then the postures of the Musket with all the words of command tending to their Motions after collect them in order in a brief way and then set forth unto you the equality of number that the one Arms hath with the other in the postures as followeth CHAP. III. The Postures of the Pike THE Pike lying on the ground the first word of Command will be Stand to your Arms. Handle your Pike to your Open Order Handle your Pike to your Order Raise up your Pike to your Close Order Charge with the But-end of the Pike at the inside of the right foot your Pike in the left hand drawing your Sword over your left arm Charge to the Front Right Flank Left Flank Reer Order your Pikes and put up your Swords This way of charging to the Horse I have set down as being practised sometimes amongst us in our private Meetings but I conceive it to be of little use to receive a desperate charge of the Horse for by these charges the Souldiers are in so lame and weak a posture that the Horse cannot choose if they come on with a full career but beat the Pikes and Pike-men down to the ground Therefore in my opinion the best way of opposing the Horse-charge is that which we learned of our ever-honoured Captain Major Henry Tillier in the Military Garden which was Files closing to the midst to their closest Order insomuch that there was not above half a foot interval of ground between File and File the Pikes Porting and after closing their Ranks forwards so close that they locked themselves one within another and then charged on Which in my judgment is so secure a way from routing that it is impossible for any Body of Horse to enter therein and farther to my best remembrance I never could meet with any Souldier that hath been a broad upon any service that ever saw any charging of the Pikes at the Foot therefore I will further proceed From Order Advance Shoulder Port Comport Cheek Trail Your Pike Order as you were From your Order charge to the Front Right Left Reer Order as you were Advance your Pike Shoulder Port Comport Cheek Trail Your Pike Advance as you were From your Advance charge to the Front Right Left Reer Advance as you were Shoulder your Pike Port Comport Cheek Trail Your Pike Shoulder as you were From the Shoulder charge to the Front Right Left Reer Shoulder as you were Port your Pikes Comport your Pikes Cheek Trail your pikes Comp. as you were From the Comport charge to the Front Right Left Reer comport as you were Cheek your Pikes Trail your Pikes Cheek as you were From the Cheek charge to the Front Right Left Reer Cheek as you were Trail your Pikes from your Trail charge to the Front Right Left Reer Trail as you were Order your Pikes Lay down your Pikes Here is to be observed by this Method an endeavouring to perform all the postures of the Pike from each particular posture only shortning it by degrees leaving out what was before commanded until we come unto the Trial. Yet notwithstanding I spared not the charges but have shewn them from every posture in their due order Next followeth the postures of the Musket wherein in answerableness to the Pike I shall lay them down in full and afterwards contract them in a shorter way CHAP. IV. The Postures of the Musket THE Musket lying on the ground the first word of Command will be as to the Pike Stand to your Arms Take up your Bandiliers Put on your Bandiliers Take up your Match Place your Match Take up your Rest Put the string of your Rest about your left wrist Take up your Musket Rest your Musket Here the Souldier may perform the saluting posture if he shall find any occasion so to do for the honouring of a friend or any Gentleman of worth Poyse your Musket Shoulder your Musket Un-shoulder your Musket and Poyse Joyn your Rest to the outside of your Musket Open your pan Cleer your pan Prime your pan Shut your pan Cast off your loose corns Blow off your loose corns and bring about your Musket to the left side Trail your Rest Ballance your Musket in your left hand Find out your charge Open your charge Charge with powder Draw forth your Scouring-stick Turn and shorten him to an Inch Charge with Bullet Put your scouring-stick into your musket Ram home your charge With-draw your scouring-stick Turn and shorten him to a handful Return your scouring-stick Bring forward your Musket and Rest Poyse your Musket recover your Rest Joyn your Rest to the outside of your Musket Draw forth your Match Blow your Coal Cock Your Match Fit Your Match Guard your Pan Blow the ashes from your Coal Open your Pan Present upon your Rest Give fire brest-high Dismount your Musket joyning the Rest to the outside of your Musket Vn-cock and return your Match Cleer Your Pan Shut Your Pan Poyse Your Musket Rest Your Musket Take your Musket off the Rest and set the Butt-end to the ground Lay down your Musket Lay down your Match Take your Rest into your right hand cleering the string from your left wrist Lay down your Rest Take off Your Bandiliers Lay down Your Bandiliers Here endeth the postures of the Musket from the taking of them up from the ground to make ready and the proceeding in them to the laying of them down again Now if the Souldier will take his Rest into his right hand for to be a support and help to him in his march he must observe the following words of command Lay your right hand upon the Butt-end of your musket The Musket being shouldered you may proceed in these words of command to recover the Rest into the right hand Lay your left arm over your musket Shift your match between the fingers of your right hand Take your Rest into your right hand cleering the string from your left wrist Return your match and take your Rest into your right hand 't will cause you to be in a fit capacity for to march CHAP. V. The Postures and Charges of the Pike to be performed in a shorter way all things acted in order and nothing done twice THE Pike lying on the ground the first word of Command will be Stand to your Arms Handle your Arms Raise up your Pikes to your Open Order Order Close Order From your close Order charge to the Horse Front Right
half-Ranks double entire the Depth of your left-Flank Command Half-files double your Front to the left entire Direction Half-files face to the left and march clear of the standing part after face to your Leader march up and even the Front Reducement Left half-Ranks double entire the Depth of your right Flank Command Half-files double your Front inward entire Direction Front half-Files face outwards and march clear of the standing part facing after to their Leader the Reer half-Files may move up and double the Front Reducement The inmost Files double entire the Depth of the outmost Files and after close These are as I conceive the properest and plainest Doublings for any Souldier to use in his Exercise out of which he may chuse as many of them as he shall think fit being all entire Doublings to the Front Next follows to shew some Divisional Doublings to the same CHAP. XXXI Divisional Doublings to the Front Command DOuble your Ranks to the right and left by Division Direction Every even Rank from the Front face outwards march forth and double the odd Reducement The outmost Files upon each Flank that moved face inward march in and strengthen the Body Command Double your Ranks to the right and left by Division every man placing himself on the outside of his right and left-hand-man Direction Every even Rank from the Front move forth to the right and left outward and double the odd placing your selves on the outside of your right and left-hand-men Reducement The outmost Files upon each Flank that moved double the inmost Files to the right and left inward every man placing himself on the inside of his right and left-hand-man Command Half-files double your Front by Division Direction Half-files face outwards and march clear of the standing part after face to your Leader move up even abrest and double the Front Reducement The outmost Files upon each Flank that moved double entire the Depth of the inmost Files CHAP. XXXII Entire Doublings to the Front by Wheelings Command WHeel off your Reer half-Files and double your Front to the right entire Direction Half-Files face about and wheel about to the left march up and even the Front Reducement Wheel off your right half-Ranks and double your left Flank entire to the left Face outward and right half-Ranks wheel about to the right moving forward until they range even abrest with their left Flank to your Leader Command Wheel off your Reer half-Files and double your Front to the left entire Direction Half-files face to the Reer and wheele about to the right move forwards and double the Front to the left entire Reducement Wheele off your left half-Ranks and double your right Flank entire to the right Face outward left half-Ranks wheel about to the left and move forward until you have doubled the right Flank to your Leader Command Wheel your Reer half-files inward into the midst and double your Front inward entire Direction Front-half-files open from the midst until you be clear of the standing part then face to your Leader half-files face about and wheel your Reer inward into the midst move forward until you have doubled the Front Reducem nt The inmost Files that doubled The inmost Files must have distance from the outmost Files before they can begin to wheel wheel about to the right and left outward and double entire the Depth of the outmost Files after face to your Leader and close Files to the midst to Order CHAP. XXXIII A divisional Doubling to the Front by Wheeling Command WHeel off your Reer half-files and double your Front by Division Direction Half-files face to the Reer and wheel about to the right and left move forward and double the Front Reducement The outmost Files upon each Flank that doubled wheel about to the right and left inward Here likewise must convenient distance be given from the midst for the outmost Files to wheel about and double entire the Depth of the inmost Files face to your Leader Here endeth the Doublings that properly belong unto the Front according to the practise of these times whether they be Entire or Divisional and of their several kinds as first take them of themselves in the plain way after by Counter-marches as by the Bringers-up Lastly by Wheelings and that first by Entire after by Divisional But here by the way no Leader is tied to do all these Doublings in his Exercise at once but to use part of them what he shall think fit Yet again if he desire to be throughly knowing in all the Doublings of Front Reer and both Flanks and to shew them unto the Souldiers he may then begin first to go over all the words of Command for Doublings to the Front informing his Souldiers of their several uses for service at one time or another and then proceed to shew the use of the several Doublings to the Flanks and next to the Reer which in this place I hold needless to give words of Command for the Doubling thereunto in regard the former words of Command used to the Front with small alteration will serve to the Reer CHAP. XXXIV Entire Doublings to the right Flank Command FIles to the right double Direction Every even file from the right by a half-turning at three steps double the odd Reducement Ranks to the left double or Files as you were Command Files to the right and left double outward Direction Every even File from the Flanks move and by three steps double the odd Reducement Ranks to the right and left double inward or Files as you were Command Double your Files to the right and left inward Direction Every even File from the midst move inward side-wise and double the odd Reducement Ranks to the right and left double outward or Files as you were Command Double your Files to the right advancing Direction Every even File from the right move forwards and by three steps double the odd Reducement Ranks to the right double Command Double your Files outward advancing Direction Every even File from the Flanks move forwards and by three steps double the odd Reducement Ranks to the right and left double outward Command Double your Files to the right and left inward advancing Direction Every even File from the midst move forwards and by three steps double the odd Reducement Ranks to the right and left double inward Command Left half-Ranks double your right Flank to the right Direction Face all to the right and left half-Ranks move forwards to the right and double your right Flank to your Leader Reducement Double your Ranks to the Left entire or left half-Ranks march forth into your places Command Left half-Ranks double your right Flank to the left Direction Face all to the right and left half-Ranks move forwards to the left until you have doubled the right Flank to your Leader Reducement Double your Ranks to the right entire to the Reer face to the Reer and the even Ranks from the Reer move forth and
to their Order Ranks ranking by Countermarch Command Ranks rank outward into the Front Reer and Midst every man placing himself on the outside of his right and left-hand-man Direction The two last Ranks face about the first and last Rank and the third Rank from the Front stand the rest move forth to the right and left ranking into Front Reer and Midst placing themselves on the outside of their right and left-hand-men face to your Leader Reducement Ranks rank twelve to the right and left inward placing your selves on the inside of your right and left-hand-men the last Rank face about the twelve middlemost men in each Rank are to stand and the outmost six men in each Rank are to move to the right and left inward placing themselves in the Reer of the former Ranks and on the inside of their right and left-hand-men facing to their Leader Command Ranks rank inward into the Front Reer and Midst every man placing himself on the inside of his right and left-hand-man Direction Right and left half-Ranks open from the midst to twice double distance standing then at Order in each division in Rank and File the two last Ranks face about and the first last and third Rank from the Front stand the rest move inward placing themselves on the inside of their right and left-hand-men after the last Rank may face about and move forward to open Order Reducement Ranks rank six to the right and left outward every man placing himself on the outside of his right and left-hand-man the last Rank face about the six outmost men of each Rank stand and the twelve middlemost men in each Rank are to divide themselves six to the right and six to the left falling in the Reer of the outmost men placing themselves on the outside of their right and left-hand-men after face to the Front and Ranks and Files close to the midst to Order Of Files ranking into Front Reer and Midst Command FIles rank outward into Front Reer and Midst Direction The two last Ranks face about the first last and third Rank from the Front stand the rest move to the right and left after the manner of doubling of Ranks and rank to Front Reer and Midst as before commanded and after the last Rank face to the Front closing forward to Order Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left inward the last Rank face about and the even men from the midst of Files are to fall in behind the odd after the manner of doubling Files to the right and left inward and after the two last Ranks are to face to the Front Command Files rank inward into Front Reer and Midst Direction They standing at the distance of Order in Rank and File command right and left Half-ranks to open from the Midst something more then to open Order after the two last Ranks are to face about and the first last and third Rank from the Front are to stand the rest are to move to the right and left inward after the manner of doubling Ranks to the right and left inward after the last Rank is to face to the Front and to close forwards to open Order Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left outward the last Rank face about and every man from the Flanks is to move outward after the manner of doubling Files to the right and left outward then the two last Ranks are to face to the Front and the whole Body may close their Ranks and Files into the Midst to Order CHAP. XLIII Of Files ranking by Wheeling Command FIles rank outward into Front Reer and Midst The Ranks must be at Close Order and the Files at Open Order for these three words of Command following and it would be better to divide them into three Divisions that is to say between every two Ranks to have some six foot of ground interval that they may more distinctly perform the same by Wheeling Direction The two last Ranks face about after face all outward and wheel to the right and left by two and two until they be ranked into Front Reer and Midst the last Rank may after move forwards unto the same distance the former stands at being first faced to their Leader Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left inward by wheeling the first two Ranks face about and then every particular Rank to wheel by two and two towards the midst of Files until they have made twelve Files as at first and after face all to the Front Command Files rank inward into the Front Reer and Midst by wheeling Direction Right and left Half-ranks open from the midst something more then to open Order the two last Ranks of each Division face about after face all inward and wheel by two and two to the right and left until they have ranked into Front and Reer and Midst to the right and left inward the last Rank is after to face to the Front taking his distance conformable to the rest Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left outward by wheeling the two first Ranks face about and each particular Rank is to wheel by two's towards the Flanks until they have made twelve Files as at first after facing all to the Front and closing their Ranks and Files into the midst to Order Command Files rank inward into the midst by wheeling Direction Right and left Half-ranks open from the midst to twice double distance after face inward and let them know that the Bringers-up of the Front Half-files and the Half-file-Leaders are the hinges of the Motion after face them to the Front and they will be in two Ranks Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left outward by wheeling the last Rank face about and both Ranks wheel to the right and left by threes until they have made twelve Files as at first after face all to the Front and close Files into the midst to Order Command Files rank outward into the Front and Reer by wheeling Direction Right and left Half-ranks close into the midst to Order after face outward and wheel to the right and left the Bringers-up and the Leaders are the hinges of the Motion and when they are brought into two Ranks one in the Front and the other in the Reer face them to the Front Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left inward by wheeling the first Rank face about and both Ranks are to wheel by threes towards the midst of Files until they have filed according unto Command after facing to their Leader evening their Ranks and straightning their Files And thus much of Conversion or Ranks ranking or Files ranking they having more variety in them then many times can be useful except it be to present unto the Souldiers some things that are new in the Motions which many times they love to see I could upon this Subject have much more enlarged my self but conceiving what is already set down may be sufficient for
left to your Leader Reducement Front-half-files rank 12 to the right Reer-half-files face about and rank 12 to the left face to your Leader march up and close forwards to your due Distance Command Ranks wheel inward into the right Flank Direction Half-files face about Front and Reer-half-files march from the midst to twice double distance after Front and Reer-half-files face about Front-half-files wheel your Ranks to the left Reer-half-files wheel your Ranks to the right to your Leader Reducement Front-half-files rank 12 to the left Reer-half-files face about and rank 12 to the right face to your Leader and close your Divisions The left Flank challengeth the next place but I shall spare that pains in regard it is to be done by the same words of Command onely altering the hand I come therefore in the next place to shew how Ranks and Files may file outward to both Flanks and midst at one and the same time by proper words of Command as followeth CHAP. XLVI Of Files filing or Ranks filing to both the Flanks and the Midst at one and the same time Command FIles file to the right and left of both Flanks and the midst of Files Direction The outmost File upon each Flank and the two middle Files are to move away the rest are to fall in successively behind to the right and left filing to both Flanks and to the midst after to stand and even their Ranks and streighten their Files Reducement Files file six to right and left inward moving between the Flanks and the middle files Command Files file to both Flanks and to the midst of Files advancing Direction The outmost File upon each Flank stand and so likewise the two inmost Files the rest move forth and place themselves successively filing advancing toward both Flanks and the midst of Files Reducement Files file six to the right and left inward to the Reer placing yourselves between the Flanks and the middle files the moving part is to face about and to march down according to command as before exprest after face to their Leader Command Files file to both Flanks and the midst by Division They must be at order both in rank and file Direction The outmost File upon each Flank and the two inmost Files stand Half-files of the other Files face about and march forth and file by threes to the right and left into both Flanks and the midst facing to their Leader they will stand in four Files eighteen deep Reducement The six middlemost men in each File stand the three first and the three last Ranks file six to the right and left inward the three first Ranks face about then moving by threes between the outmost File of each Flank and the middle Files after facing to their Leader Command Files file inward into both Flanks and into the midst of Files Direction Half-files face about march all and open from the midst to twice double distance face all about to the right the two inmost and the two outmost Files stand the rest move successively by threes until they file into both Flanks and into the midst face to your Leader Reducement Files file three to the right and left inward into the Front and Reer Half-files face about the three first and the three last Ranks stand the 12 middlemost men move inward by threes into Front and Reer between the outmost and the middlemost Files face to your Leader and close your Divisions Command Files file both Flanks and to the midst of Files every man placing himself before his Bringers-up Direction Face all about the two outmost Files and the two middlemost Files stand the rest move forth to the right and left placing themselves successively before their Bringers-up filing towards both Flanks and the midst of Files face to your Leader Reducement Files file six to the right and left inward following your Bringers-up between the Flanks and the middle Files the first six Ranks are to stand Command Files file to both Flanks and to the midst of Files advancing every man placing himself before his Leader Direction The outmost File upon each Flank and the two middlemost Files stand the rest advance forward placing themselves successively before their Leaders filing both Flanks and to the midst of Files Reducement Files file six to the right and left inward into the Reer following your Leaders between the Flankers and the middle Files the six last Ranks face about and after they have filed they are all to face to their Leader Command Files file to both Flanks and to the midst by Division every man placing himself before his Leader and Bringer-up Direction The outmost File upon each Flank and the two inmost stand Half-files of the other Files face about and then command them to move filing to both Flanks and into the midst placing themselves before their Leaders and Bringers-up to your Leader Reducement The six middlemost men in each File stand the three first and the three last Ranks file six to the right and left inward every man placing himself before his Leader and Bringer-up the three first Ranks face about and then with the three last they are to move forward between the outmost and the middlemost Files that is by threes to place themselves before their Leaders and their Bringers-up face to your Leader Command Files file inward into both Flanks and into the midst every man placing himself before his Leader and Bringer-up Direction Half-files face to the Reer march all and open from the midst to twice double distance face all about to the right the two inmost and the two outmost Files upon each Flank stand the rest move successively by threes placing themselves before their Leaders and Bringers-up filing into both Flanks and the midst face to your Leader Reducement Files three to the right and left inward into Front and Reer every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Half-files face about the three first and three last Ranks stand the 12 middlemost men move forwards by threes between the outmost and the middle Files placing themselves as aforesaid face to your Leader and close your Divisions CHAP. XLVII Of Ranks wheeling to both the Flanks They are to be at double distance in Ranks and at order in Files Command RAnks wheel to the right and left to both Flanks advancing Direction The outmost men upon the right and left in every Rank are the hinges of the Motion the rest are to divide their Ranks by wheeling six to the right and six to the left until they have brought their Aspects unto both the Flanks after face to their Leader Reducement Files rank 12 to the right and left inward into the Reer face all to the right and left about inward and begin the Motion from each File to rank six to the right and six to the left making up 12 abrest in the Reer the rest following until they have made six Ranks in a brest face to your Leader Command
lie under the censure my self of mispending time I come therefore briefly in the next place to treat of Wheelings being a subject more profitable for the intelligible Souldier CHAP. LV. Of Wheelings with their several uses HAving proceeded thus far in shewing all the several sorts and kinds of Military Motions it will now in the next place be expected that I speak somewhat of Wheelings and as formerly so now to set before the Souldier their several kinds and uses Wherefore take notice of two sorts Wheelings Angular and VVheelings on the Center which latter is commonly called the Prince of Orange his VVheeling being acted or performed by the Souldier two several ways that is to say Intire or Divisional Intire VVheelings to the Angles are when the Souldiers turn their Aspects from the Front proper to either of the Flanks or Reer whereby they may gain the VVind or Sun or some like advantage bringing their best Souldiers thither for to encounter an Enemy For the better performance of this Motion it will be convenient to close Ranks and Files into the midst to order and to keep their due distance both in Rank and File observing in their Ranks their right and left-hand-men following their Leaders always conforming themselves in their Motion to the most commendable Posture which is Pikes advanced Muskets poysed Wheeling the Battail on the Center is when they are so straightened with ground that they have not room to wheel to the right or left as in the former which gaineth as much more ground before the Front as formerly they stood on This Wheeling brings their best Souldiers to either of the Flanks or Reer I could wish that this Wheeling were more often practised amongst us for by it the Souldiers are better kept together in their Motion being not so apt to flie out as in the former Divisional Wheelings provided they have sufficient number of men are of singular good use to encounter several Enemies at one and the same time which the Front of our Battalia bringing our best Souldiers for to skirmish with them It is likewise useful to bring either Arms into Front Reer or both the Flanks for suppose the Muskettiers to be upon the Flanks and fearing a desperate charge of the Horse to fall upon them by a Division of Wheeling the Pikes are thither brought to receive their on-set and in the mean space the Muskettiers have time to recruit their Bandiliers again Much more might be spoken but my intent is not to fill my Book with impertinent discourses knowing what is already spoken is sufficient for the intelligible Souldier CHAP. LVI Intire Wheelings Command WHeel your Battail to the Right Left Right Left about Direction The right or the left-hand-men in the Front are the hinges of these Motions the rest have a greater compass to march then they to bring their Aspects unto the place commanded following their Leaders Command Wheel your Battail on the same ground to the Right Left Right Left about Direction The Left-half-ranks moveth forwards wheeling to the right and the right Half-ranks contrariwise faceth to the left side-wise falling backward moving still unto the place commanded CHAP. LVII Divisional Wheelings Command WHeel the Battail off by Division from the Front Direction Turn off to the right and left Command Wheel the Battail off by Division from the Reer Direction Face to the Reer and turn off to the right and left Command Wheel the Battail inward to the Reer Direction Open from the midst to convenient distance and turn off to the right and left Command Wheel the Battail inward to the Front from the Reer Direction Face to the Reer open from the midst and wheel inward to the Front Command Wheel off the Body by Division from the right Flank Direction Face to the right Command Wheel off the Body by Division from the left Flank Direction Face to the left Command VVheel the Body inward to the left Flank from the right Direction Face to the right and open outward to convenient distance to wheel inward to the left Flank Command Wheel the body inward to the right Flank from the left Direction Face to the left and open outward to convenient distance to wheel inward to the right Flank Command VVheel off your Front and Reer-half-files by Division Direction Half-files face about Front Reer-half-files turn off by Division Command Wheel your Front and Reer-half-files inward to the midst of Ranks Direction Half-files face about and Front and Reer-half-files open outward to convenient distance to wheel inward to the midst of Ranks Command Wheel off your Front and Reer-half-files by Division from the midst of Ranks Direction Front-half-files face about and Front and Reer-half-files wheel off to the right and left by Division Command Wheel Front and Reer-half-files inward both to the Front and Reer from the midst of Ranks Direction Front-half-files face about and Front and Reer-half-files open from the midst to convenient distance and wheel inward into Front and Reer Command Wheel off your right and left Half-ranks by Division Direction Face outward and wheel off to the right and left by Division Command Wheel your right and left Half-ranks inward to the midst of Files Direction Face outward and open to the right and left to convenient distance to wheel inward to the midst of Files Command Wheel off your right and left Half-ranks by Division from the midst of Files Direction Face inward and cause them to move backward to convenient distance to wheel off by Division from the midst of Files Command Wheel your right and left Half-ranks inward to both Flanks from the midst of Files Direction Face inward and open to the right and left to convenient distance to wheel inward to both Flanks Command Wheel the outward Angles to the right and left about to the Center Direction Face to the outward Angles and close Ranks and Files to close order and the Angles on the right turn off to the right the Angles on the left turn off to the left Command Wheel the inward Angles to the right and left about inward from the Center Direction Face to the inward Angles or to the Center and wheel about to the right and left inward from the Center These are all the intire and divisional Wheelings that have hitherto been practised by any according to my best observation there are other Wheelings which may properly be term'd Doublings which I have placed amongst the Doublings where they more properly belong Now if any shall demand of me a reason why I have omitted the Reducements to each particular Command my answer thereunto is easie for as in the Counter-marches so in these they may be reduced by three or four words of Command except a Commander shall of set purpose keep them off from the same to make some experiment After any wheeling is performed face them after to the first Front and command them to even their Ranks and straighten their Files they will
placing your selves before your Leaders Command Half-files double your Front to the right they are reduced CHAP. IV. Eight several Counter-marches with their Reducement Command FIle-leaders stand the rest pass through to the right and place your selves before your Leaders Command The Right-hand-file stand the rest pass through to the right and place your selves on the outside of your right-hand-men Command File-leaders and Bringers-up stand the rest pass through to the right and place your selves before your Leaders and your Bringers-up Command The outmost File upon each Flank stand the rest pass through to the right and left placing your selves before your outside-men Direction Face outward and pass through to the right and left placing your selves before the outmost Files to your Leader and close your Divisions to open Order Command Bringers-up stand the rest pass through to the right and place your selves behind your Bringers-up Direction The five first Ranks are to face about the next Rank to the Reer is first to begin the Motion the rest are successively to follow until the Leaders are become the Bringers-up Command The Left-hand-file stand the rest pass through to the left and place your selves on the out side of your left-hand-men Command File-leaders and Bringers-up stand the rest pass through to the right and place your selves behind your Leaders and Bringers-up Direction The first and the two next Ranks from the Reer face about the two first Ranks from the Front and the two last Ranks from the Reer move forwards placing your selves behind your Leaders and your Bringers-up face to to your Leader and close your Divisions Command The outmost File upon each File face inward the rest pass through to the right and left placing your selves behind your right and left-hand-men CHAP. V. Ten several Wheelings with their Reducement Command WHeel the Front-half-files inward into the midst and double your Reer inward intire Direction Half-files face outward and march cleer of the standing part after face to the Reer Front-half-files open from the midst to open Order after Wheeling to the right and left inward into the Reer to your Leader Command Right and Left-half-ranks double the depth of the Battail by Wheeling into the Front Direction Right-half-ranks wheel to the left and Left-half-ranks wheel to the right to your Leader Command Wheel off the Front-half-files and double the Reer by division Direction Half-files face about and Front-half-files wheel off by Division moving down even with the Reer to your Leader Command Wheel off your right Half-ranks and double your left Flank to the right intire Direction Face outward and Right-half-ranks wheel about to the left and move away and double the left Flank to the right to your Leader Command Front and Reer-half-files double the Depth of the Battail by wheeling into the Front and Reer Direction Half-files face to the Reer and Front and Reer-half-files wheel to the right and left inward face to your Leader and close your Divisions Command Wheel off your Left-half-ranks and double your right Flank by Division Direction Face outward and Left-half-ranks wheel off by Division and move even with the right Flank to your Leader Command Wheel off your Reer-half-files and double the Front to the right intire Direction Half-files face about and wheel to the left until you have ranged even with the Front Command Wheel your Battail off by Division from the Front Direction Right-half-ranks wheel about to the right and left Half-ranks wheel about to the left and move down to the Reer face to your Leader and close into the midst to order Command Wheel off your Left-half-ranks and double your right Flank to the left intire Direction Face outward Left-half-ranks wheel about to the right and move forward and double the right Flank to the left intire to your Leader Command Wheel off your Front-Half-files and double the Reer to the left intire Direction Half-files face about and Front-half-files wheel about to the right move down and range even with the Reer face to your Leader reduceth them CHAP. VI. Six Figures of Battail with several Firings thereunto belonging Command RAnks and Files close to order they will stand us underneath is set forth from which we will draw our Figures after we have fired upon this Platform three or four times Command Double your Files inward intire advancing The first firing Let the first two Ranks advance forward ten paces give Fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right and left placing themselves before the Front of Pikes the next two Ranks and so the rest successively doing the like until they have Fired once over which reduceth them The second firing Let the first Rank advance three paces give Fire and fall in the Reer of themselves the rest doing the like until all have Fired once over as before The third firing Let them give Fire on the ground they stand and fall off to the right and left and Flank the Pikes The fourth firing Let them Fire even with the Front and fall in with the Reer of the Pikes which being ended let the Pikes charge on Reducement Muskettiers double your Front by Division Command The first two Ranks stand the rest face outward and move cleer of the standing part to your Leader the two last Ranks move outward side-ways two paces The first firing Let every Division give Fire on the same ground they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let them advance forwards until they be cleer of the Pikes give Fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after moving down into their places Command Front-division advance forward three paces the two next Divisions move outward one pace Pikes in each Division face about and move two paces to your Leader Divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer advance forwards and range even in Front and Reer with the Middle-divisions of Pikes the first Rank of Pikes in the Front-division move three foot cleer of the standing part The first firing Let them give Fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let them give Fire to Front Reer and both Flanks altogether Direction Reer-divisions face outward the last Rank of Pikes and Muskettiers of the Front-division face to the Reer the last Rank of Muskettiers move down cleer of the Reer and close inward to order then last the Pikes port and after the Muskettiers have Fired charge on then retreating into their places again Command The first and the last Rank of Pikes face about and move down cleer of the Reer and close Ranks forwards to order outmost Divisions of Muskettiers face about move down and flank your own divisions of Pikes The first Division of Pikes move forward and range even abrest with your own Division of Muskettiers the Front-division of Muskettiers closing into the midst to order The first firing Let the Front-division give Fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right
ought to meddle with his File in matter of motions without consent of the superior Officers neither ought the Leader either through favour or out of malice when all the Files are joyned into one compleat Body to Countermarch the Files and after proceeding to other Motions depriving thereby the Leaders thereof of their due honour for else why just in the time of Exercise or Marching should one single File as the right or left be Countermarched if he bore not malice to some thrusting them by this unsouldier-like way out of their places and through favour or affection often times putting men of little desert into their places To leave this discourse not pleasing to some let the Commander draw forth one File of Pikes and double it by the Half-file and send a Serjeant to fetch the Colours and after closing his Ranks and Files to Order he may begin to make some alteration in the exercising of them in their Motions spending his time altogether upon Inversion and Conversion CHAP. XIII Thirty several Words of Command of Inversion and Conversion Command RAnks rank entire to the left into the Front Direction The first Rank stand the rest face to the left and successively move into the Front Command Ranks rank four to the left Direction The first four upon the left stand the rest face to the left and by fours fall successively behind the first four upon the left Command Files rank outward into the Front Direction The inmost Files stand the rest open outward to double distance and after rank outward into the Front Command Ranks file three to the right and left outward by wheeling Direction The three outmost men upon the right and left wheel to the right and left outward the rest doing the like by threes after close into the midst to Order and face to their Leader Command Files rank inward into the Reer Direction Face to the Reer and move to the right and left inward into the Reer to your Leader Command Ranks file six to the right and left outward advancing Direction The outmost man upon the right and left stand the rest move outward until they be six in a File and the next outmost men are to stand the other doing the like and after close Files into the midst to Order Command Files rank inward into the midst of Ranks Direction Front Half-files face about and right and left Half-ranks open from the midst to double distance the rest open outward to Order and move to the right and feft inward to the midst of Ranks to your Leader and close Files inward to Order Command Ranks file 12 to the right and left inward every man placing himself before the Leaders and Bringers up of the middle Files Direction Ranks open backward to double distance the middle File stand the rest advance forwards and file twelve to the right and left inward placing themselves before the Leaders and Bringers-up of the middle Files Command Files rank six to the right and left inward Direction Files open from the midst to double distance and move three to the right and three to the left inward until you have made four Ranks six abrest after close Ranks forward to Order Command Ranks rank outward into Front and Reer every man placing himself on the outside of his right and left-hand-man Direction Half-Files face about and rank to the right and left outward into Front and Reer as is commanded face to your Leader and close Ranks forward to Order Command Ranks file 12 to the right and left inward every man placing himself behind the Leaders and Bringers-up of the middle Files Direction Ranks open backward to double distance the middle Files stand the rest move side-ways to the right and left and place your selves behind the Leaders and Bringers up of the middle Files Command Files rank six to the right and left inward into Front Reer and Midst Direction The three last Ranks of the Front and Reer Half-files face about and Files open outward to double distance and move to the right and left inward into Front Reer and Midst making four Ranks six abrest after face to your Leader and close Ranks forward to Order Command Ranks rank outward into the Midst Direction Front Half-files face about and move outward and rank to the Midst and face to your Leader Command Ranks wheel to the right and left outward Direction Half-files face about and wheel to the right and left outward into both the Flanks face to your Leader and close Files into the midst to Order Command Files rank six to the right and left outward into Front Reer and Midst Direction The three last Ranks of the Front and Reer Half-files face about and rank outward three to the right and three to the left into Front Reer and Midst face to your Leader and close Ranks and Files to their distance of Order Command Ranks file to the right entire advancing Direction The outmost File stand the rest move forward and file to the right entire advancing Command Files rank three to the right Direction The first three men from the Front rank three to the right the rest successively doing the same closing Ranks forward to Order Command Ranks wheel to the left Direction Ranks open backward to open Order and wheel to the left Command Files rank six to the left Direction The first six men rank six to the left the rest successively doing the same until they have made four Ranks six abrest then close Ranks forwards to Order Command Ranks rank outward into the midst every man placing himself on the outsidst of his right and left-hand-man Direction Front Half-files face about and Front and Reer Half-files rank outward into the midst placing your selves on the outside of your right and left-hand-men face to your Leader Command Ranks wheel three to the right and left outward Direction The last Rank face about and wheel by threes to the right and left outward towards both Flanks face to your Leader and close Files to the right to Order they will stand four abrest and six deep Command Files file outward entire advancing Direction The outmost File stand the rest advance forward and place your selves before the outmost Files after close Files into the midst to Order Command Files file to the right Direction The right-hand-File stand the rest face about and fall in the Reer of your right-hand-File to your Leader Command Files file twelve to the right Direction The first twelve stand the other move forward filing twelve to the right Command Files wheel inward into Front and Reer Direction Files open from the midst to twice double distance after face inward and wheele six to the right and six to the left until you have made two Ranks twelve abrest face to your Leader and close Ranks forwards to Order Command Ranks wheele inward to both the Flanks Direction Ranks open from the midst to twice double distance the first Rank face about the first and the
last Rank wheel six to the right and six to the left inward to both the Flanks face to your Leader and close Files to the midst to order Command Files file three to the right and left outward into Front and Reer Direction Half-files face about the three first and the three last Ranks are to stand the rest are to move by threes filing to Front and Reer to the right and left outward and after face to the Front and close their Ranks forwards to order Command Files file to the midst by Division Direction Half-files of the outmost Files face about and the outmost Files move forwards and file by Division unto the midst of Files face to your Leader Command Files rank inward into the Front Direction Files open from the midst to twice double distance and move forward to the right and left inward into the Front Command Ranks file six to the right and left outward Direction The outmost men are to stand the rest are to move side-ways to the right and left making six in a File and then the next outside men in like manner are to stand the rest successively are to file as before CHAP. XIV Next followeth several Figures of Battail with Firings upon the same for the performance whereof Command BRingers-up to double their Front to the right and left inward and Ranks and Files to open to open order and Muskettiers to close outward to close order the inmost Files of Pikes close outward to the same distance and they will stand in four Divisions after let the Middle-rank in each Division open outward to open order they will produce the first Figure The first firing Let the first Rank give Fire and wheel off to the right and left and place themselves in the room of them in the Reer and they at the same time moving forwards in their places and give Fire as the first after wheel off into their places again The second firing Let the Middle-ranks advance three foot before the Front and give Fire face about and move down into their places again Command The last Rank in each Division move to the left one pace and double to the right File-wise and then advance forward until their first men exceed two foot the Front of each Division then let the first Rank open outward to open order and the last Rank close inward to the same distance The first firing Let the middle File give Fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let the first Rank give fire on the ground they stand and after fall off to the right and left into the room of them in the Reer they at the same time moving forward into their ground and give fire in like manner and fall off into their places again and then the Pikes may charge on whilest the Muskettiers make ready again Command Face all about middle File move forward three foot clear of the Reer the first Rank close inward to Order the last Rank open outward something more then to open Order Upon this Figure let the first man in each division kneel down and then to give fire altogether over one anothers heads the Pikes at the same time charging brest-high to the Horse then face all to their first Front Command The last men in the Reer double to the left Rank-wise Files close into the midst to Order Muskettiers double your Pikes inward entire advancing and move forward three paces Files double your depth to the right and left outward of each Arms every man falling behind his Bringer-up Front Half-files double your Reer entire into the midst Files double to the right and left outward Files file to the right entire advancing which being done wheel them to the right about into a Ring in form as followeth Upon this Figure let the Pikes charge round and the Muskettiers give fire all together which being ended let the Commander go to the place where the File-Leader stands and wheel them off again to the left until he hath brought them into one straight File and then proceed Command Half-files double your Front to the right Ranks double to the right and left inward Files double outward entire advancing Half-files of each Arms double your Ranks forwards to the left Front Half-files double the Reer to the left Files file to the left entire advancing and wheel about into a Ring then face all to the Center and close Files of each Arms to the right and left inward to close Order Command Middle-men in each Division move backward and place your selves two foot behind your right and left-hand-men face all about to the right and close Ranks inward to Order Upon this Figure let them Fire by circumduction after this manner let the odd men of Pikes port and then the odd Muskettier where the first Front was is to give Fire and to move away to the left and the next odd man of Muskettiers upon the right immediately comes stooping underneath the Pikes into the first mans place Firing in like manner moving away into the next odd mans place of the Muskettiers upon the left the rest doing the same until the Muskettier come into his place again Command Face all to the Center odd men move forwards and place your selves two foot before the right and left-hand-men after face all to the right about Upon this Figure you may Fire likewise by way of circumduction the Pikes porting all round and having performed one Firing in this manner in the next place let the odd Muskettiers and Pikes move forth again and kneel down the odd Pike-men charging at foot the Muskettiers may give Fire altogether then let them face to the Center and let the odd men move forwards and place themselves between the right and left-hand-men then moving and closing their ring let them face all about to the right Then let the Captain go where the Leader of the File stands and wheel him about to the left the rest following until they be all brought again into one streight File Command Files file three to the left into the Front Files double to the right intire advancing Front-half-files move forwards three paces Files double your depth to the right of each Division Half-files double your Front intire into the midst The two first and the two last men of Pikes upon each Flank face inward the two Middle-ranks face outward the two last Ranks of Muskettiers face about march all three paces to your Leader To pass by the Firings which may be performed upon this Figure I shall proceed from hence to draw another Command The outmost divisions of Muskettiers close inward to order Front and Reer Divisions of Pikes open outward to double distance Pikes double inward Rank-wise and they will stand as followeth Upon this Figure Fire to the Front in their several Divisions one after another and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel off to the right into the Reer the rest of the Divisions
moving forward in their room doing the like until all have fired over twice Command Muskettiers double your Ranks outward in each Division and they will stand as underneath Upon this Figure as in the former they may Fire likewise to the Front falling down into the Reer and after every Rank successively moving up into the Front may Fire and fall off in like manner this Firing may be done twice to the Front and being faced to the Reer they may there give Fire after this manner and after face to their first Front Command Muskettiers double to the right and left inward File-wise middlemost division of Muskettiers face outward and march until you have placed your selves in Front and Reer of the outmost Divisions of Pikes The last Rank of Front and Reer-divisions of Muskettiers double to the right File-wise and move forward until your first men exceed two foot the Front of each division which occasioneth the next Figure It is now high time that we put a period to this Exercise wherefore let the Ensign unfurl his Colours the Souldiers shoulder their Arms and the Drum beat a march upon which the Ensign being in the midst may display his Colours so long as shall be convenient and after the Leader may proceed to their reducement as followeth Reducement Middle-file of Muskettiers face about and march cleer of your own Divisions and double to the left Rank-wise Muskettiers close inward to order Pikes double to the right and left outward File-wise Files close into the midst to order Ranks close to order Pikes move forward and even your Front Pikes and Muskettiers interchange ground they are reduced Now the Leader may command the Muskettiers to troop away and after he may lodge his Colours thereby refreshing both himself and his Souldiers until the next summons by beat of the Drum CHAP. XV. The fourth Exercise consisting of four Files eight deep THe Souldiers upon the fourth summons coming unto the place of Exercise make fuller appearance then before insomuch that their Files are drawn forth eight deep the Leaders thereof having spent some time in exercising them in each particular posture are called upon to joyn into a body where their Leader stands bethinking of himself what new matter he should delight them with there being sufficient in any one particular motion for their Exercise pitches for present to spend his chiefest time in motions upon facing continuing longer in them in respect of the several Figures of Battail demonstrated by them Now for the more ready performance thereof I shall onely give the several words of command for each particular Figure which may be drawn from these facings referring the Reader to the Figures themselves where I shall have occasion to make use of them upon Firings which shall be made known unto him by Alphabetical letters pointing from each facing to the Figure it produceth To come briefly to the exercise in hand silence being craved and Ranks and Files closed to order the Leader may proceed to these or the like particular facings producing eighteen Figures of Battail Alphabetically set forth with their reducements Command Half-files double your front to the left Direction Files open from the right to open order Half-files advance your Arms and move forward to the left and double the Front Command Files open from the midst to open order Muskettiers close outward to close order the inmost Files of Pikes close outward to close order Ranks close to Front and Reer to order and they will stand in eight Divisions Command Reer-division of Pikes face about Muskettiers face outward move all three paces to your Leader pointeth to the first Figure marked by the Alphabetical letter A. Command Muskettiers face inward Division of Pikes face outward march all until the Pikes are cleer three foot of the Muskettiers to your Leader this forms the Figure demonstrated unto you by the Alphabetical B. Command Reer-division of Muskettiers upon the left face about to the right Reer-division of Muskettiers upon the right face to the right Front-division of Muskettiers upon the left face to the left Divisions of Pikes face to the Center move all until your Muskettiers be cleer three foot of Front Reer and both Flanks then let them stand and face the Divisions of Muskettiers to the left and the Division of Pikes to face about to the right and to move all two paces then face all to the Center and close their Divisions a little after face to their Leader C. Command Reer-divisions of Muskettiers stand the rest face to the Reer march all until your Reer-division range even abrest with those upon the Flanks to your Leader D. Command Reer-divisions of Pikes face outward march all until the Reer-divisions of Pikes be cleer of the outmost Divisions of Muskettiers then let the Reer-divisions of Pikes face to the Front the rest face to the Reer march all three paces to your Leader E Command Divisions of Muskettiers in the midst face about march all until the Middle-division of Muskettiers range even with the Reer to your Leader F. Command Front-divisions of Pikes face to the outward Angles Reer-division of Pikes face about and after face to inward Angles of the Reer outmost divisions of Muskettiers face to your inward Angles Front-division of Muskettiers face about as you are now faced move all some three paces to your Leader G. Command Muskettiers face to Front Reer and both Flanks Divisions of Pikes face to the Center march all until you be even abrest in Front Reer and both Flanks to your Leader H. Command Reer-divisions of Muskettiers face about the outmost Divisions face inward Divisions of Pikes face to the Center march all three paces to your Leader I. Command Divisions of Muskettiers upon the left in the midst and the three last Divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers to face to the Reer and move three paces and stand Middle-divisions face to the left and the rest face to the right and move three paces to your Leader K. Command The four last Divisions face to the left the four first Divisions face to the right move all until you be cleer one of another then face to the right and march until you range even abrest in Front and Reer face to your Leader L. Command The two inmost Divisions of Pikes stand the rest face inward march all until the Middle-divisions be three foot cleer of the Front to your Leader M. Command Front-divisions of Pikes face outward the rest face outward march all until the Front-divisions range even with the outmost Divisions of Pikes face your Leader N. Command Front-divisions of Muskettiers face outward the rest face inward march all until the Front-divisions of Muskettiers are cleer of the Pikes then stand and the six last Divisions to face about and move three paces to your Leader O. Command Reer-divisions of Muskettiers face outward march all some six paces Reer-division of Muskettiers face to the Front the rest face to the Reer and move until the
commanding all the Muskettiers to stand and the Pikes to advance their Arms and move forward ten or twelve paces and then to stand and close their Files outward to Order three of their Colours moving with their Pikes to the right hand the other three moving away to the left After he may command Muskettiers to close their Files outward to Order and they will stand in four Divisions two of Pikes and in the Reer of them two of Muskettiers as underneath is set forth the Captains being all upon the head of the Pikes with their Ensigns and the Lieutenants in the Reer the Serjeants attending upon the Flanks of each division This being done command each division of Muskettiers and Pikes to face outward and to move to such convenient distance that being faced to the Front there may be room sufficient upon the subdividing of each division of Muskettiers for their moving up and flanking each body of Pikes After which the Major may assign unto every Captain and Lieutenant his due place of honour as they stand all abrest and that they may also naturally fall into their proper places upon the march which shall be set forth in the next Figure standing in two grand Divisions the one in the Reer of the other which may happen sometimes for want of ground but provided they have ground enough they ought to stand in one even range as in folio 5. The Major after they are thus drawn up in one even range will finde three Files of Muskettiers more in the second grand Division and two of the Pikes then is in the first therefore he must take from thence one File of each Company and add them to nine Files in the Reer which maketh them twelve and then he will have ballanced the divisions equal taking off one File of Pikes and placing it amonst the eldest Captains Pikes CHAP. III. The Reasons follow for the placing of the Captains their Colours and their Lieutenants after the manner before set down WHat hath formerly been declared concerning a Rank or File six abrest or six deep may be satisfactory in some kind unto this point which takes his rule from hence For all private Companies smaller Bodies or single Files must or ought to be as neer as they can conformable to greater Bodies as to Regiments and consequently they to Brigades Therefore take notice that this rule ought ever to be observed in the drawing of Regiments that the right Flank as neer as may be ought to be suitable with the left both in strength number and dignity and likewise to be so when they are drawn forth upon a long march the Front equal with the Reer Now suppose these two grand divisions stood even abrest we will begin to examine the first worth which is the Colonels and the fourth worth which is the eldest Captains and placed upon the right and left of the first grand division with the second and third worth who are the Lieutenant-Colonel and Major drawn up upon the right and left of the second grand division and you shall finde they are every way equivalent in number worth and dignity with that of the first In the next place there are no more to place but the fifth and sixth worth who are the second and third Captains and therefore since it is the first place of honour among the Captains in a Regiment to lead the first Body or Stand of Pikes it must then consequently follow that the second place of honour must be to lead the second grand division of Pikes and therefore the fifth worth is brought into and placed between the second and third that he may stand there to lead the second Body of Pikes wherein the Lieutenant-Colonel the Major and his own Colours are placed so that there remains no more but the sixth worth or youngest Captain to place who is to be drawn up between the Colonel and eldest Captain Now if we shall further proceed to ballance it more cleerly consider them by dividing them by two's in their places as first we will begin with the Colonel the first worth who hath joyned to him the youngest Captain which is the sixth worth and they two make the number 7 then compare the Lieutenant-Colonel who is the second worth unto the second Captain joyn'd with him which is the fifth worth and they make alike the same number after that compare the Major and elder Captain who are drawn up into the midst of the Regiment whose places carry the third and fourth worth and their number is suitable with the rest And thus much may be spoken in general now I shall come more particularly to give further satisfaction both for them and for all the rest and therefore I will give reasons for the placing of the Officers of the first grand division and cleering that the second will quickly be laid open to the view CHAP. IV. More particular Reasons for the placing of the Captains and Lieutenants of the first grand Division IN this grand Division there is the Colonel the eldest Captain and the youngest drawn up into the midst and they having each of them Lieutenants take notice therefore of these reasons for their placing thus That always upon such small Bodies as these the first honour is ever placed upon the right and the second upon the left and that which remains must of necessity be drawn up into the midst they standing all abrest These three Companies being ordered into a right and left Flank and one Stand of Pikes or Van-guard Reer-ward or Main-battail as they may be term'd the reasons follow for the thus standing of the Officers whether marching all even abrest or upon a stand it is the Colonels proper place to be on the head or midst of his grand division which is his chiefest place of security and where he ought to fight for standing there the other may more conveniently repair unto him for their orders as occasion shall require Now the Colonel being a Field-Officer is not absolutely tyed to any one place to fight as the rest are many occasions calling him from thence the eldest Captain therefore is appointed to take charge of the Body of Pikes whether it be upon a March to lead them or upon a Stand to fight them he ought never to forsake them but upon special command from his Colonel or other Field-Officers Now the reason why the first Body of Pikes is the most honourablest place to lead is as I conceive because the Colonels Colours are there flying and besides being the more ancienter Arms far more honour it is to lead them for most commonly the gallantest men of the Infantry desire rather to trail Pikes then to carry Muskets Moreover it hath been a constant practise in most places that the eldest Captain should have that place to lead on foot although many times his Colonel being on horse-back may be a little before him Having spoken of these two it remains to speak something of the youngest Captain
Van-guard to guard the Waggons Next marched the Battail of Foot consisting of four Regiments and after them as before three Waggons with 3000 pound of Powder and one with 1000 pound of Match and one with 1000 pound of Musquet-bullets with empty bags as aforesaid After them followed the Reer-guard of the Foot Then the Waggons belonging to his Highness the States and all the Officers of the Army as also of the Foot-voluntiers Next the Ammunition Materials and other necessaries belonging to the Army upon 485 Waggons under the Command of Commissary Martien followed by four Troops of Horse Then the Ammunition and necessaries belonging to the Artillery under Commissary Bockbout After followed the rest of the Artillery to wit twelve Half-cannon six Chambred-pieces of twenty four pound Bullet twenty four Drakes of six pound Bullet and twenty four of three pound Next came the Officers and Train belonging to the Artillery After them one Company of Pioniers with fifty Fire-locks and one Waggon loaden with Victuals then the Commissary of the Vivers with 100 Waggons loaden with bread and provision After him eight Troops of Horse followed with one Waggon loaden with 1000 pound of Powder and one with 1000 pound of Match as also empty Bags to deal the Powder Then a Lieutenant with a Guard as is aforesaid And last of all six Troops of Horse Note that his Highness in place of this Lieutenant and his Guard doth usually appoint a Regiment of Foot to come in the Reer to guard the Waggons How to pass a strait WHen you come to any Passage or Strait Let your Van-Guard make a Halt until the rest of the Army be come up and drawn in order of Battle and then divide the Troops and fit them to the bredth of the place you are to pass through and let every Troop when it is passed put it self into the same order it was in before it came to the Strait and advance so far forwards as that the Troops that follow may have room likewise to draw in order and then stand until all the Army be come thorow If the passage be Woody where no discovery can be made send not above twenty or thirty Horse before for discovery of the Passage in Front but let the rest of the Horse of the Van-guard march between the Van-guard and Battle of Foot until they be past the Strait The manner of passing a River IF you be to pass a River and that the Enemy be not at the Passage but on his way to hinder you First draw your Army in Battalia and plant some pieces of Artillery in places most advantageous to succour your Troops in their passage and if you find that he is stronger then you in Foot let your Horse pass first over and chuse a fit place to stand neer the way that the Enemy is to come and let them send some light-Horse before to discover then let your Van-guard of Foot with some Field pieces follow and find a place to stand in Battalia after it let the Battle march and place it self on the left hand of the Van-guard then the Reer-guard which shall likewise take the left hand of the Battle each with their Field-pieces belonging to them The Troops being past the rest of the Ordnance with their Train shall follow then the baggage of the great Officers and lastly the baggage of the Troops in the order of March. But if your Enemies chief strength consist in Horse then shall you send no more Horse over then shall be fit for discovery but let the Van-guard of the Foot pass first and after it the Horse belonging to the Van-guard which shall place themselves in Battalia on the right hand of the Foot then shall follow the Battle which must stand on the left hand of the Van-guard after it the Horse of the Battle which shall cover the Flank of the Battle until the Foot of the Reer-guard be come up and then they shall edge to the left hand and leave room for the Reer to come in between them and the Battle and stand on the left Wing which is their due place then shall follow the Horse of the Reer which must be divided indifferently between the two Wings and last of all shall march the Artillery Ammunition and baggage in the order aforesaid If you be to pass a River and have an Enemy at your back when you have made your Bridge send over eight or ten Pieces and place them in places most convenient to annoy your Enemy if he offer to come to trouble you and then cast up a Horn-work or fair half Moon upon the side you are on and place therein five or six Field-pieces then let the rest of your Ordnance be drawn over and planted likewise on the other side in places most commodious for the advantage aforesaid After them shall follow your Ammunition and baggage then the Horse and lastly the Foot in good order bringing with them the Pieces left in the Works which shall pass safely under the Command of the Ordnance planted on the other side and break up the bridge after them Having thus far proceeded I should in the next place let you see a List of the Ammunitions Materials and other Warlike provisions which the Prince of Orange takes with him in Shipping when he goes to the Field as also what he takes out of it to be carried upon Waggons when he marcheth by Land with the Waggons thereto necessary But since I have first spoken of the marching of an Army with eight half-Cannon six quarter-Cannon and sixteen Field-pieces I will set down what Ammunition and other things are needful to march with them allowing every half-Cannon to shoot an 150 shot every quarter-Cannon 100 and every Field-piece 80. A List of Ammunition and other necessaries to March with eight half-Cannon six quarter-Cannon and sixteen Field-pieces allowing every half-Cannon 150 Shot every quarter-Cannon 100. and every Field-piece 80. with the number of Waggons thereto needful BUllets for half-Cannon 1200 whereof 40 upon a Waggon 30 Waggons Bullets for quarter-Cannon 600 upon each waggon 80 8 Waggons Bullets for the Field-pieces 1280 upon each waggon 160 8 Waggons Powder 24400 24 Waggons Boxes for Cartridges 160 upon each waggon 40 4 Waggons Capravens or great Joysts 30 upon each waggon 10 3 Waggons Small Joysts 40 upon each waggon 20 2 Waggons Oaken planks for bedding 60 upon each waggon 10 6 Waggons Deal or Firr-planks 100 upon each waggon 25 4 Waggons Spars of all sorts 100 upon each waggon 50 2 Waggons Two Bucks-heads or Gins with the appurtenances belonging to them to mount and dismount the Pieces 2 Waggons For Hurdles 4 Waggons For spare Ladles Rammers Spunges and Leavers 1 Waggon For Traces Lines to draw Ordnance and Collars for Horses 3 Waggons For the preparation for Ropes 1 Waggon For the Harness-maker and his Tools 1 Waggon For Spades Shovels Axes Hatchets Chopping-knives and Mattocks 3 Waggons For Lanthorns Candles Lamps Tucks Greace and other like
the Captains being lodged so neer them You may observe that in this lust form of Quartering there are 20 foot of the 200 allowed the Souldiers in depth taken off and added to the street between the Captains and the Sutlers for the street being in the former Quarter but 20 foot broad was found to be too narrow for the Waggons and Carriages to pass to and fro which did continually go and come through it with Provisions for the Army And whereas in the allowance of 200 foot in depth for the Souldiers there were but two allotted to lodge or hut together it happened sometimes that they came to quarter in places where there was small store of Provision to but withal so that the Souldiers could neither fit the ground allotted to them nor make any uniform or handsome huts therefore it was thought fit to take from them the said 20 foot and to allow them but 180. Note that the Officers must see the Souldiers build formally and that they make their Beds a foot and half or two foot from the ground to prevent sickness which they will be subject to fall into by lying upon the ground Note that when the Regiment is quartered in one Division the Colonels Company quarters on the right hand the Lieutenant-Colonels on the left the Sergeant-Majors next the Colonel the eldest Captain next him and so all the rest of the Captains by seniority in order from the right hand But if the Regiment be quartered in two Divisions then the Lieutenant-Colonels Company quarters on the right hand of the second Division the Sergeant-Majors in his place on the left hand of the first the eldest Captain next the Colonel the second on the left hand of the second Division the third next the eldest the fourth next the Lieutenant-Colonel the fifth next the third the sixth next the fourth in the second Division and so all the rest of the Captains according to this Order Observing if it may be that the youngest Captain be always placed next to him that closeth the left flank of the second Division Quartering of Horse THe Horse unless pressed by an Enemy are always or most commonly quartered in Houses both for the commodity of Forrage and that their Horses may stand under covert which otherwise by standing three or four nights in rain and cold would be in danger to be spoiled and made unserviceable So careful saith Melzo was the Duke of Alva of his Horse that he not only quartered them in Houses but made Courts of Guard upon the Avenues and places where they watched to shelter them from the weather But seeing they may be sometimes forced to make Huts I will shew you their manner of Quartering which is the same as the Foot but that they have more ground allowed them especially in bredth for their main streets are twenty foot broad and the men have ten foot allowed them whereas the Foot have but eight foot for either Hut their Horses are allowed ten foot in bredth and four in depth so the ground allowed for 100 Horse is 300 foot in depth and 70 in bredth The Explanation of the following Figure The Quartering of four Cornets of Horse A Alarm-place B Lieutenants lodging C Cornets lodging D Souldiers Huts E Stables F Street between the Souldiers Huts G Street between the Souldiers and Horses H Street between the Captain and Souldiers I Captains K Street between Captain and Sutlers L Sutlers The Quartering of an Army of Foot A Alarm-place B Entrenchment C Generals Pavilions D General of the Ordnance his loding E Ammunition and Ordnance F Divisions of Foot The Quartering of foure Cornets of Horse The Quartering of an Army of Foote A Good Commanders Judgment is to be discerned by his well chusing of ground to quarter on for he must not only chuse a place advantageous to resist an Enemy but where there is plenty of Forrage Water and other Necessaries and where the Air is wholsome and how necessary it is to intrench a Quarter and what ease and safety it brings to an Army dayly experience tells us and whereas by lying open you are subject to be affronted and forced to fight by an Enemy it is in your choice being Intrenched whether you fight or not which is no small advantage besides your Watches will fall nothing so often nor your Guards so troublesome The Romans were the first that found out the right use of the Spade and the benefit of Intrenching and it is from Caesar that our late great Generals have learned the way to Beleaguer and single Towns with Works and Trenches though the use of Powder have made them alter the form and manner of working and how advantageous it its to make such Works the taking not to speak of Alexis and other places by the Prince of Orange but of Groll Bolduke Mastricht and Breda within these few years in the view as I may say of an Enemies Army are sufficient testimonies and as divers Armies have in vain attempted the relief of Towns thus beleaguered so have some out of negligence and want of care in making their Lines of circumvallation been forced to quit their design and rise with dishonour The manner how the Prince of Orange his Army was Quartered with the General Officers Artillery Waggons c. A His Excellency B Count William C Count Henry D Strangers of Quality E Du. of Kessel F Waggons G Sutlers Market-place H Ryhoven 3 Troops of Horse R John Bax 3 Troops of Horse S Wageman 3 Troops of Horse T La. Salle 3 Troops of Horse Y Stabenbrook 4 Troops of Horse Z Co. John 3 Troops of Horse Δ Marquette 3 Troops of Horse Θ M. Bax 4 Troops of Horse Φ Count Henry 3 Troops of Horse ΠGuardens 4 Troops of Horse Ω Quaet 3 Troops of Horse Σ Smelsing 3 Troops of Horse I Dragoons K Count Ernest 6 Dutch Companies X 8 Companies of Frisons O Rob. Hinderson 19 Scotch Companies W Count John Ernest 16 Companies of Wallons P Bechune 19 French Companies Q Chastillon 19 French Companies L Hollis 10 English Companies M. Cheek 10 English Companies N. Cecil 10 English Companies V. Horatio Vere 15 English Companies Orders to be given out in a Quarter 1 NO man without leave of his Officer shall go further then Cannon-shot out of the Quarter or lie in the night out of the Quarter upon pain of the Strappado and if he have done any man hurt he shall be hanged without mercy 2. No man shall do hurt to such as are under Neutrality or Safe-guard upon pain of bodily punishment 3. No man shall fight within the Quarter draw his Sword or make any uproar in the night upon the like pain 4. No man shall molest any Sutler or such as bring Provision into the Leaguer spoil or take any of their Goods from them within or without the Leaguer upon the like pain 5. No man shall sell any Booty or Goods in the Leaguer without sound of Drum and
the knowledge of any intelligible Souldier I come therefore briefly to treat of Inversion or of Ranks filing and Files filing CHAP. XLIV Of Ranks filing or of Files filing or of Inversion with their several sorts and kinds Command FIles file to the right Direction The right-hand File is to move away clear of the standing part and after the next File to fall in the Reer of the first and consequently so all the rest until they become one File Reducement File-leaders lead up your Files to the left or Files file six to the left Command Files file to the right entire advancing Direction The right-hand File stand the rest move away successively placing themselves in one direct File before the Front Reducement Files file six to the right into the Reer face all about or Files file six to the right towards the Front Command Files file inward into the right Flank Direction Half-files face about and the outmost Files then upon the left as they are so faced are to move away forward and consequently all the rest are to fall in behind them the like is to be performed by the Front the outmost File at the same time is to move away and the rest successively falling in until they have made one entire File after they are to face to the Front Reducement Front Half-file file three to the left Reer Half-file face about and file three to the right face to your Leader and close your Divisions Command Files file to the right by Division Direction Half-files face about the outmost File upon the right is to stand the rest are to move forward and to place themselves successively into one entire File going forward after each other and after face to the Front Reducement Front-half-files file three to the right and Reer-half-files face about and file three to the left face to your Leader and close your Divisions Command Ranks file to the right every man placing himself behind his right-hand-man Ranks filing by way of Counter-march Direction This may be done marching or standing if marching the right-hand-man of the first Rank doth first move away the rest in the same Rank do fall in behind him and consequently all the rest until they make one intire File if upon a Stand the Ranks are to open backward to such a Distance as they may conveniently fall into one File Reducement Files rank 12 to the left or Files rank as you were Command Ranks file to the right advancing every man placing himself before his right-hand-man Direction The outmost File stand The Ranks are to be at twice double Distance the Files at order the rest are to move forward with their right leg placing themselves before the right-hand-man Reducement Files rank 12 to the left or Files rank as you were Command Ranks file to the right every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction The Half-files are to face about onely the right-hand-file is to stand the rest are to move forward filing to the right Flank every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up face to your Leader Reducement Front-half-files rank 12 to the right Reer-half-files face about and rank 12 to the left face to your Leader close your Divisions Command Ranks file inward into the right Flank every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction Half-files face about Front and Reer-half-files are to march to such convenient distance as the Ranks may fall into the midst of the right Flank after they are to face about or to face to the midst of Ranks and then they are to move forward into the right Flank every man placing himself as before commanded and after face to their Leader Reducement Front-half-files rank 12 to the left Reer-half-files face about and rank 12 to the right face to your Leader and close your Divisions Command Files file to the right every man placing himself behind his Bringer-up Files fâ—ling by way of Counter-march Direction The outmost File stand the rest face about and move forward each particular File to the left placing themselves behind their Right-hand-file and their Bringers-up Reducement Files file six to the left every man placing himself before his Leader Command Files file to the right every man placing himself before his Leader Direction The Right-hand-file stand the rest move forwards every File successively placing themselves before their Leaders and their Right-hand-file Reducement Files file six to the right into the Reer every man placing himself before his Bringer-up face all about the last six men stand the rest are to move and to file six to the right placing themselves before their Bringers-up and after to face to the Front Command Files file to the right Flank by Division every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction Half-files face about the Right-hand-file is to stand the rest are to move forward to the right Flank placing themselves before their Leaders and their Bringers-up making one intire File to the right face to your Leader Reducement Front-half-files face about and file three to the right every man placing himself before his Bringer-up and Reer-half-files file three to the left placing your selves before your Leaders face to your Leader Command Files file inward into the right Flank every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction Half-files face about and Front and Reer-half-files move forward until there be sufficient Distance to file into the right Flank after face them about to the midst of Ranks then the files may move successively into the right Flank placing themselves before their Leaders and their Bringers-up face to your Leader Reducement Front-half-files file three to the left every man placing himself before his Leader and Reer-half-files face about and file three to the right every man placing himself before his Bringer-up face to your Leader and close your Divisions CHAP. XLV Ranks wheeling into the Flanks They ought to be at twice double Distance in rank and at Close order in file Command RAnks wheel to the right into the right Flank Direction Every particular Rank is to wheel to their right hand until they have brought their Aspects unto the right Flank after face to the Front Reducement Files rank 12 to the right the first man is to stand the rest are to move forward to the right successively 12 in a Rank to the right Command Ranks wheel to the left to the right Flank Direction Face all about and Ranks wheel to the left until you have brought your Aspects unto the right Flank face to your Leader Reducement Files rank 12 to the left the first man is to stand the rest are to move forwards making up 12 abrest to the left until they have made six Ranks as at first Command Ranks wheel outward to the right Flank Direction Half-files face about the first three Ranks wheel to the right and the three last Ranks wheel to the
right and left about Ranks ranking downward to the Reer and ranking as they were 10 Fire losing ground falling off to the right and left about just before the Front of Pikes 11 Now if the Enemy pursue eagerly and that you cannot make a safe retreat marching face all about and fire upon them by way of Extraduction or by half-ranks divided as formerly hath been shewen And thus much likewise briefly concerning Firings to the Reer Firings to the Flanks marching in the next place I shall shew some Firings to the Flanks for performance whereof it will be expedient to bring all the Muskettiers upon one of the Flanks but for order sake I will begin with the Firings from the right Flank 1 Fire to the right and gather up your Files it is to be performed after this manner The outmost File upon the right is to face to the right and to give fire and after to face to the Front and stand until the next File have fired in like manner and then the first File gathers up unto him upon the right even abrest and standing until the third File have faced to the right and fired in like manner and after facing to the Front the other Files moving up in the like way as before and following successively this rule until all have given fire and then to march up and even the Front of Pikes the Muskettiers will stand as at first when they were brought upon the right Flank 2 Fire to the right File-leaders leading up their Files next to the Pikes 3 Fire to the right Bringers-up leading away next the Pikes which being twice done reduceth them 4 Fire to the right leading up on the contrary Flank either by the File-leaders or Bringers-up 5 Fire to the right and leading up by Bringers-up between the Pikes and passing through to their places again doing the same reduceth them 6 Fire to the right and leading up between the Pikes by the Leaders and passing through the Pikes again to the right they will be as at first the like may be done to the left or in some kind to both Flanks at one and the same time 7 Fire to the right by Ranks wheeling and Ranks to rank as they were to the right upon their marching reduceth them 8. Fire to the right by Ranks inverting or filing and upon the March the Souldiers ranking reduceth them 9. Fire to the right Files filing and gathering up their Files to the left reduceth them These Firings being performed marching the next shall be upon a Stand where note you must cast all your Muskettiers upon that Flank where you conceive the Enemy will fall on whether right left or both but for order sake we usually begin with the right wherefore face to the right and proceed as followeth Firings to the right Flank upon a Stand. 1. Fire and fall in the Reer of your selves 2. Fire and flank the Pikes 3. Fire even with the Pikes and fall in the Reer of themselves 4. Fire even with the Reer moving forth to the right and left by Ranks falling in the Reer of themselves 5. Fire by extraduction by half-ranks drawn forth and falling Rank after Rank in the Reer of the Pikes after to reduce them as at first cause them to double their Front by Division These Firings may as well be performed to both Flanks as to one the Body being faced accordingly which would make many Firings more but these already set down may be sufficient for any ingenious capacity to work upon for the present observing this rule that in every Firing he shall make use of in time of his Exercise he may reduce them by another which will be more pleasing to the Souldier by reason of the great variety it affords unto them Now now in the last place I know it will be expected that I should speak something of the use of Firings wherefore briefly thus Firings to the Front marching or moving when we either pursue after or approach to an Enemy Firings to the Front maintaining ground when two Bodies encounter one another Firings to the Front losing ground when either we are forced thereunto by necessity or that we do it out of policy to draw the Enemy into a train or snare Firings to the Reer marching when we are pursued by an Enemy yet would continue our March until we have gained some place of importance or advantage Firings to the Reer upon a Stand when we are compelled thereunto by the violent pursuit of an Enemy or else when we have gained a place of advantage of ground or have recovered the Wind or Sun whereby we are the better able to encounter with them Firings to the Flank or Flanks marching when we are assaulted by some Ambuscado secretly placed to hinder our passage or supposing two Armies are marching to one and the same place a River being betwixt them Firings to Flank or Flanks standing when the Enemy chargeth on with a resolution to cut off or divide part of the Army from the other Having thus briefly set down several Firings to Front Reer and both Flanks with their uses either marching or standing I hold it convenient in the next place to give some short directions in time Battail both to the Officers and their Souldiers First that the Drummers have a vigilant eye upon their Commanders whose voices are drown'd by the loud thundring of the Cannon or Muskettiers as also by the neighing of Horses or the lamentable cries of the maim'd and wounded Souldiers at which time the Leaders Staff Half-pike or what else he carries in his hand may be sufficient for to instruct them to continue their charge retreat or else to charge home Secondly that the Serjeants be careful in time of Battail that their Souldiers be at their due distance of order both in Rank and File and that upon their Firings whether they be Forlorns either of Files or Ranks drawn forth or otherwise by Divisions they see them neatly and handsomely perform'd by cocking their Matches and presenting something lower then brest-high and after Uncocking and returning them wheeling off either to the right left or both falling in the Reer of themselves or elsewhere as shall be appointed in an orderly manner whereby they may decently come up again to Fire against the Enemy Thirdly that the Souldiers present and give fire upon their Rests not using that slovenly posture of popping their Matches into the Pan their Muskets being on their left sides which is not onely hurtful unto themselves but much endangers their Fellow-souldiers and by so doing they scarce or ever do any execution against an Enemy But here I meet with an objection framed by the Souldiers after this manner Our Rests are of little or no use unto us in time of skirmishing fit they are we confess in the Military Gardens but in time of Battail both troublesome and cumbersome unto us To whom I reply what if they be a little cumbersome at first must
The second firing Let the Muskettiers upon the Wings advance forward even abrest with those in the Front and Fire altogether the three Divisions falling in the Reer of themselves and after the outmost Divisions facing about and moving into their places again The third firing Let the Front-Division of Muskettiers face about move down and double the middlemost by division after let the Muskettiers face outward and move three paces and give Fire to both the Flanks falling off to the right and left the middle-divisions making good their ground and firing in like manner falling off Having Fired twice over to both the Flanks face them to their Leader and draw forth the outmost Files of Muskettiers of the middle-division before the Front of Pikes and close their Files inward to Order Command Reer-division of Pikes face outward and move two foot cleer of the standing part to your Leader The first firing Let the first division of Muskettiers give Fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after wheel about and fall in the midst of the Reer and range even abrest between the outmost divisions of Pikes after face to their Leader The second firing Let the three other divisions advance forwards altogether three foot before the Front and give Fire and fall in the Reer of themselves the Pikes charge on and the Muskettiers still preserving their ground making ready again whilst the Pikes retreat into their places The third firing Let them give Fire again in like manner the Pikes charging on and retreating as before then let the last divisions of Pikes move inward in a streight line with the outmost divisions of Muskettiers in the Front and they will stand as followeth The first firing Let them give Fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves this may be performed twice then face to the Front and Reer the last Rank of the middle-division is to face about the first Rank are to continue their Aspects unto the Front The second firing Let the Pikes port to Front and Reer and the Muskettiers give Fire to Front and Reer and fall in the Reer of themselves and after the Pikes may charge on and retreat again they may continue this Figure twice the Pikes charging and after face to their Leader Command Reer-divisions of Pikes face about and move three paces and face to their Leader Front-divisions of Muskettiers face about and move down into the midst as before interchanging ground with the Reer-division of Muskettiers the two last Divisions of Pikes move outward until they be two foot clear of the next range of Muskettiers middle Division of Muskettiers move backward even with the Reer Division of Muskettiers to your Leader Upon this Figure face the three last Divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers to the right about and let them give fire to Front and Reer and fall in the Reer of themselves the Pikes may afterwards charge on to Front and Reer and retreat back again into their first places they may perform this firing twice the Pikes likewise charging up before and retreating into their places again face all to their Leader And now it will be expedient having almost tired the Muskettiers with these several Firings to end our fourth Exercise and lodge the Colours but first we will reduce them Reducement The outmost Division of Muskettiers on the right move forward and fall in the Reer of them in the Front Reer Division of Muskettiers move forward and fall in the Reer of the left Division of Muskettiers then let them move straight forwards and joyn with them in the Front and close the Pikes into the midst to Order and their Ranks forward to Order let the Pikes double the Front inward entire and after Files to double to the left entire advancing closing Files inward to Order they are reduced CHAP. XVI The Fifth Exercise with four Files Eight deep THe Souldiers having made timely appearance according to the Drums summoning unto such places as was appointed by their Commander and being by the Serjeants drawn forth into Files the Leaders thereof being permitted to instruct and teach their Files the Postures and handsome handling of their Arms are forthwith by warning of the Drum to lead up their Files and being joyn'd in a Body according to the discretion of the Superior Officers do there stand silently expecting what will follow The Captain or other that shall Exercise them first commands the Bringers-up to double their Front to the left and after appoints one of the Serjeants to fetch the Colours to which purpose he draws off the two inmost Files of Pikes and advancing their Arms the Drum beating a troop they may move away and bring them to the Company being led thither by the Ensign the Serjeant falling in the Reer of the Pikes and they falling into their places again they may be commanded Files to double their depth to the right every man falling behind his Bringer-up Now the former days Exercise being chiefly spent in the Motions by several Firings they may be spar'd in this and in lieu thereof the Leader may out of the former plain Doublings collect one that may continue long in exercise before reduced and in this Exercise he shall not need to trouble himself with Counter-marches or Wheelings but fall immediately alone upon the Motions with this Doubling or the like as followeth CHAP. XVII Thirty several Doublings with their Reducements Command HAlf-files double your Front to the left Command Double your Files to the right entire advancing Command Half-files double your Front to the right and left outward Direction Half-files advance your Arms and move to the right and left outward and double the Front Command Double your Files outward entire advancing Direction Even files from the Flanks move forward and double the odd and after close Files into the midst to Order Command Half-files double your Front to the right entire Command Right Half-ranks double the left Flank to the right Direction Face to the left right half-ranks move forward and double the left Flank to the right to your Leader Command Double your Ranks to the right entire Command Right half-ranks double your left Flank entire advancing Command Half-files double your Front inward entire Command Left half-ranks double your right Flank to the left Direction Face to the right left half-ranks advance your Arms and move forward to the left and double your right Flank Command Double your Ranks to the left entire Command Left half-ranks double your right Flank entire advancing Command Half-files double your Front inward entire Direction Front half-files face outward and march clear of the standing part to your Leader half-files move forward and double the Front inward entire Command Right half-ranks double entire the depth of the left Flank Direction Left half-ranks stand right half-ranks face about and march clear of the standing part then face to the right and move forward even with the left Flank to your Leader Command Front half-files double
fall off to the right and left some six paces before the Front of Pikes and in the Reer of themselves then face the body about and let the Pikes charge to the Reer and after port the Muskettiers may give fire to the Reer by way of extraduction The fourth firing Next fire to the Reer by dividing the Muskettiers and bringing them even with the Reer and ranking outward and falling again as they were face to your Leader Command Ranks and Files open to your open Order Muskettiers close outward to Order the outmost Files of Pikes stand the rest close outward to Order Front-half-files open forward three paces Ranks close to Front and Reer to Order Pikes move forward two paces Pikes face outward Muskettiers face inward and move cleer one of another to your Leader The first firing Let them give Fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the Reer they at the same time moving up into their ground give Fire and falling off as before the Pikes may after charge on while the Muskettiers make ready The second firing Let Pikes and Muskettiers Rank outward and give Fire and fall off in like manner as before after let them Fire and fall in the Reer of the first Rank of Pikes of the Front-divisions then the Pikes may port then let the first Divisions give Fire and fall in behind the Pikes the Reer-divisions after moving up into their places may give Fire and face about march down into their places then face to their Leader This firing being continued twice or oftener over you may fire them to the Reer they being thither faced after the very same manner the Pikes there charging after facing all to their Leader let them double Files to the right and left inward of each division Command Front-divisions of Pikes face outward Front-divisions of Muskettiers face outward the rest face about move all six paces to your Leader Reer-divisions move forward two paces The first firing Let the Front-divisions give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the Reer they at the same time moving forward into their places may give fire and fall off as before this may be twice performed The second firing Let the Front-divisions give fire and fall in the Reer of the Front-divisions of Pikes the Reer-divisions of Muskettiers moving into their ground firing and falling behind the Reer-divisions of Pikes then they may move forth cleer of the Pikes and fire and fall in again they may fire after the same manner to the Reer But I shall let that pass and go on to the next Command Reer-divisions of Muskettiers face outward and march three paces cleer of the Reer-divisions of Pikes then face to your Leader and move forward until they range even abrest with the Reer-divisions of Pikes The first firing Let the first divisions of Muskettiers give fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves after wheel off to the right and left into the room of them in the Reer they at the same time moving up into their places firing and falling off in like manner this firing may be continued twice over then the Pikes may charge whilst the Muskettiers make ready again The second firing Let the Reer-divisions move forward even abrest then let the Muskettiers give fire altogether and fall in the Reer of themselves this firing may be continued twice over and the Pikes may charge after let those Divisions that moved march down again into their places Command Front-divisions of Pikes upon the left face about and move down four paces cleer of the Reer Front and Reer-divisions of Pikes move to the left two paces to your Leader Upon the former Figure fire first to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel down into the place of them in the Reer they at the same time moving up into their places firing and falling off in like manner This firing being twice performed let the Reer-divisions of Muskettiers move up even abrest with the Front-divisions and fire altogether and fall in the Reer of themselves after let the Pikes charge on and the outmost Divisions of Muskettiers face about and move down into their places Command Front-division of Pikes face about and march until they range even abrest with the Front-division of Muskettiers to your Leader Reer-division of Pikes move forward three paces Upon this Figure let each division fire as they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves performing it twice over the Pikes may charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again who after may give fire by two Ranks together as they stand in each division the Pikes charging as before Command Outmost divisions of Muskettiers face about march until you range even with the Reer face inward and move until you stand streight after the Front-divisions of Muskettiers to your Leader middle-divisions of Pikes face outward and move cleer of the standing part to your Leader The first firing Let them give fire to the Front by divisions relieving each other after face them to both Flanks and let them give fire upon the ground they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves This firing may be continued twice and after the Pikes may charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again and after retreating into their places The second firing Let the middle-division of Pikes in the Reer face about and the middle-division of Pikes face to the Front and Muskettiers to face to the outward Angles of Front and Reer and let them give fire to the four Angles and fall in the Reer of themselves or fire altogether and the Pikes may after charge on to Front Reer and both Flanks being all faced unto those places and retreating again to their places they may if they please fire a second time and charge on in manner as before Now if the Leader have a desire to fire to Front and Reer let him face them thither and let them fire on the ground they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves the Pikes after charging on and retreating again into their places face them all to their Leader and open the Front and Reer-divisions from the midst to sufficient distance and let the Ensign display his Colours Reducement Reer-divisions of Pikes advance forward unto the left into the Front outmost division of Pikes face inward march and close your divisions Muskettiers in the Reer move and close Ranks forward to Order Files double your depth to the right every man falling behind his Bringer-up reduceth them Then let the Muskettiers poyse their Muskets if they be neer the place of lodging the Colours and to move unto that place making a guard their Muskets being rested after which the Colours being furled up and the Pikes advanced the Leader being on the right hand and the Lieutenant on the left and the Ensign in the midst the Serjeants following them and
Muskettiers move forward until you be cleer of the Pikes the two inmost Files of Muskettiers stand the two outmost Files of Muskettiers move forwards until you be cleer of the inmost Files the two outmost Files of Pikes face outward and move three foot cleer of the outmost Divisions of Muskettiers and after to face to Front and Reer and to move forward until they range even with the Reer-divisions of Muskettiers then let them face all to the Front and stand streight in their Divisions both Rank-wise and File-wise and they will stand as in the next Figure Upon this Figure let the first divisions of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after wheel off to the right and left into the room of them in the Reer they at the same time moving up into their places firing and falling off in like manner Then let the inmost divisions give fire in like manner as the former did and wheel off to the right and left and be relieved by their own Reer-divisions of Muskettiers then let the Pikes chaege on and after retreating back again into their places Command The two middle-ranks of Pikes face outward and move cleer of the standing part then let the first Rank of Pikes face about and the first and last Rank of Pikes to move forward to Order face all to your Leader The first firing Let the Front-divisions fire and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the room of them in the Reer they at the same time moving forward into their places firing and falling off in like manner Next let the inmost divisions of Muskettiers do the same who may be relieved by the inmost divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer The second firing Let them all face to the Reer and give fire as they did to the Front The third firing Let them face to Front and Reer and give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves first after falling off and interchanging divisions relieving each other then let the Pikes charge on to Front and Reer and after retreating back into their places Command The inmost divisions of Muskettiers to move forward until they be two foot cleer of the standing part then let them face all inward and move until the outmost divisions of Muskettiers range even abrest with the middle-divisions of Pikes to your Leader Upon this former Figure fire them to both Flanks where first face them outward let the first division give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after wheel off to the right and left into the places of the Reer-divisions and they move up at the same instant of time into their rooms giving fire and falling in the Reer of themselves afterward into their places Next let them fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after move inward and fall in the Reer of the next division of Pikes and then the first division of Muskettiers move forth and give fire in the ground they formerly stood on and fall in the Reer of themselves and stand and the next division of Muskettiers is likewise to move forth where formerly they stood and to fire and fall in the Reer of themselves the Pikes may after charge on and after retreat back again into their places and face to their Leader Command Reer-divisions of Muskettiers move to the left two paces and double to the right File-wise the two middle-divisions of Pikes face outward and move two paces to your Leader Reer-divisions of Muskettiers move forward until the first division of Muskettiers be placed three foot before the midst of the middle-divisions of Pikes and the second division be three foot behind the same standing streight with the Front-divisions of Muskettiers in the midst Upon this Figure they being faced to Front and Reer both Pikes and Muskettiers let the first divisions give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and stand let the rest move forward until they be cleer of the Front-divisions of Muskettiers and fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after face about and move down into their places again then let the Pikes open a little outward and charge all to Front and Reer and when they shall retreat back again into their places the Muskettiers may fire again as they did before and continue it as long as they please Or they may fire upon this Figure either to Front or Reer according to discretion as long as they please Now in respect much time hath been spent in the Motions by wheelings in plain firings and Figures of Battail we will draw forth one Figure more from the former that the Colours may be displayed and that we may conclude our seventh Exercise to refresh the Souldiers for a space until they shall again have warning from their Commander for another appearance Command The last Division of Muskettiers in the midst to face about middle Divisions of Muskettiers advance forward until you be three foot clear of the Front and Reer to your Leader each Division of Pikes face outward and move to convenient distance for the Colours to display to your Leader Reducement Front and Reer-division of Muskettiers face about Front-division move down and double the Reer-division to the left rank-wise to your Leader the two first Divisions of Muskettiers in the Front face about then let them and the two last Divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer move forward until they be even with the next Divisions of Muskettiers to your Leader The two middle Divisions of Pikes close into the midst to Order and to open their Ranks from the midst to something more then open Order the two outmost Divisions of Pikes face inward and move forward into the midst of the two middle Ranks in the Body to your Leader Front-divisions of Pikes face about and Front and Reer-Divisions to move forward and to close their Divisions to your Leader Files close to the right and left inward to Order Muskettiers in the Front and Reer double your Pikes by Division Files double your Depth to the right and left outward every man falling behind his Bringer-up they will be reduced as at first Now the Serjeants may draw off the Muskettiers filing them to the right and left outward thereby making a guard for the Captain and other Officers to march through trooping away and lodging the Colours which done one of the Serjeants command the Muskettiers to face about to the right and to present all and no man to give fire until they hear the beat of Drum no man pulling his Tricker but once which will be a means that they all fire handsomly together which being ended every man may depart home until he shall be called forth again CHAP. XXIV The Eighth Exercise consisting of sixty four men eight Files eight deep THe Souldiers being again brought into the Field or place of Exercise the Serjeants according to their wonted manner drawing forth the Files bids each File-leader to take
before his Leader Command Double your Ranks to the left into the Reer face all about Command Double your Files to the right advancing Reducement Files rank to the right into the Front Ranks file eight to the right reduceth them Next followeth to make every man File-leader according unto dignity with their Reducement Command Bringers-up double your Front to the left Command Double your Files to the right intire advancing Command Half-files double your Front to the left Command Double your Files to the left intire advancing every man placing himself before his Leader Command Bringers-up double your Front to the right Command Files double your depth to the right Command Ranks to the right double Command Front-half-files double your Reer to the right following your Leaders Command Double your Files to the right by division every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Command Front-half-files double your Reer to the left following your Leaders Command Double your Files to the left by division every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Command The two first and the two last Ranks double the four middlemost Ranks to the right following your Leaders and your Bringers-up Direction The four middle-ranks stand the File-leaders are to turn off to the right and the next Rank is to follow them until the Leaders Rank even with the Bringers-up of the Front-half-files and at the same instant of time the Bringers-up are to move forward to the right the rest following until the Bringers-up range even abrest with the Half-file-leaders to your Leader Command Files double your depth to the left Reducement Half-files double your Front to the right Bringers-up double your Front to the right Then divide every four Files distinctly apart making five divisions Files double to the right and left inward in each division and close Files into the midst to Order Files double to the left intire advancing reduceth CHAP. XXVIII Eight several Counter-marches with their Reducement Command FIles to the right-hand Counter-march maintaining ground Command Ranks to the left-hand Counter-march losing ground Command Counter-march your Front and Reer-half-files into the midst of Ranks Direction Half-files face about and turn off to the left and Front-half-files turn off to the right until they meet the Front and Reer into the midst to your Leader Command Right and Left-half-ranks Counter-march into the midst of Files Direction Face outward Right-half-ranks turn off to the right Left-half-ranks turn off to the left to your Leader Command Files to the left-hand Counter-march losing ground by following your Leaders Command Ranks to the right-hand Counter-march maintaining ground Command Counter-march your Front and Reer-half-files to the right and left following the Half-file-leaders and the Bringers-up of the Front-half-files Direction Half-files face about the Bringers-up of the Front-half-files and the Half-file-leaders are to begin the motion the rest are to follow until they have gained so much ground beyond the Front and Reer as they formerly possest in the midst to your Leader and close your divisions Command Counter-march your Half-ranks to the right and left by following of the inmost files Direction Face outward the inmost Files are to begin the motion moving forward the rest following until they have gained so much ground beyond the Flanks as they formerly possessed in the inmost Files to your Leader and close Files into the midst to Order they are reduced CHAP. XXIX Ten several Wheelings with their Reducement Command WHeel the Battail off by Division from the Front Command Wheel the body off by Division from the right Flank face to the right Command VVheel the Battail off by Division from the Reer face about Command VVheel the body off by division from the left Flank Command VVheel your Battail inward to the Reer from the Front Close Ranks forward to close Orderr and Files into the midst to close Order Direction Open outward to convenient distance to your Leader Command VVheel your battail inward to the left Flank from the right Direction Face to the right and open to convenient distance to your Leader Command VVheel your battail inward to the Front from the Reer Direction Face about and open to convenient distance and wheel inward into the Front Command VVheel your battail inward to the right Flank from the left Command VVheel the outward Angles of Front and Reer to the right and left about into the Center face to the outward Angles Command VVheel the inward Angles to the right and left about from the Center CHAP. XXX Plain Firings and Figures of Battail IN the next place I will proceed to some plain firings wherefore first double your Ranks forward to the left by Half-files and fire even with the Front of Pikes and fall in the Reer of themselves then fire and fall between the Pikes then move forth after this manner one Rank drawn forth to the right and another to the left fire and fall in again as before Then command the first Rank to stand and the rest to move forth both Pikes and Muskettiers to the right and left until each Rank be cleer of other then let the Pikes charge and Muskettiers give fire altogether and after fall behind each Rank of Pikes then let the Pikes charge at Foot and let the Muskettiers give fire over their heads after let Pikes port and let the Muskettiers come forth again and give fire by extraduction and after command the Ranks to face to the right and left inward and to close their Divisions then let the Muskettiers move forth again into their first places and Flank their Pikes And having passed over some half a dozen firings after this manner then command Half-files to double their depth to the right intire and proceed to Figures of battail and firings which comes in the next place to view for a Leader to spend his time further in the exercising of his Souldiers therein Command Half-files face to the Reer and march six paces to your Leader Half-files of Muskettiers of each Division face to the Reer Muskettiers march all until you be cleer of the Pikes to your Leader The two middlemost Ranks of Pikes of each division face outward and move cleer of the Muskettiers to your Leader The first and third Ranks of Pikes in the body face to the Reer and close Ranks into the midst to Order the following Figure will appear The first firing Let the Front-divisions give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves the rest of the Divisions moving up into their ground and fire wheeling off to the right and left having all fired over once they will be reduced The second firing Let the four inmost Divisions of Muskettiers face outward and move cleer of the Pikes then face to their Leader then let the eight last divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers face to the Reer then let them fire to Front and Reer falling in the Reer of themselves there being intervals for the Pikes to move forward upon
their charge and being retreated back into their places will produce the following Figure After the Figure is reduced unto his first aspect command the Muskettiers or Divisions upon the wings to face to the right and left inward and to march until they stand as in the first Figure then face to their Leader and command the eight first Divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers to face outward marching until you perceive an interval for the eight Reer-divisions to move up and make an even range with the Front-divisions which being done they will appear as followeth Upon this Figure let the Front-divisions of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel off to the right into the room of them in the Reer they at the same time firing and wheeling off into their places again Then let the Commander face them all to the right and they will stand in four crosses with Muskettiers on the wings File-wise upon which facing they may march the Officers being placed according unto discretion and after they have marched let them face again to their first Front Command Front-divisions of Muskettiers face to the right and move two paces to your Leader Reer-divisions of Muskettiers move up and double the Front-Divisions to the left Rank-wise which produceth the next Figure Upon the former Figure let all the Muskettiers give fire together and fall off to the right and left in the Reer of themselves the Pikes after charging through the intervals and after retreating again Then command Muskettiers that doubled to face about and to move down into the Reer until they be clear of the Pikes and stand then let the Muskettiers both in Front and Reer face to the left and march until they stand straight in their Divisions then face to their Leader and they will stand as in the former Figure then proceed Command The four inmost Divisions both of Pikes and Muskettiers on the left face to the Reer inmost Divisions both of Pikes and Muskettiers both upon the right and left march clear of the standing part then let them face to the left and move three paces to your Leader The four outmost Divisions both of Pikes and Muskettiers upon the right wheel to the right the four outmost Divisions upon the left both of Pikes and Muskettiers wheel to the left which will set forth the next Figure Tht first firing Let them face to the Front Reer and both Flanks and give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right your Divisions on the outside of the Pikes into the place of the Reer-Divisions which are to advance forward into the Front performing the like as the other Front-Divisions The second firing Let the Front-divisions of Muskettiers move to the right two paces after command Divisions of Muskettiers to double to the left Rank-wise and let them give fire in Front Reer and both Flanks all together the Pikes may after charge to all these places whilest the Muskettiers make ready again and retreat again into their places The third firing Let them give fire again and fall in the Reer of themselves which being ended you may proceed to another Figure Command The left Division of Muskettiers wheele off to the left and place your selves in the left interval between the Pikes which occasioneth the next Figure Upon this Figure let the Muskettiers give fire in the Front Reer and Flanks and Angles falling in the Reer of themselves and the Pikes may after charge on Many other firings might be performed upon this Figure but I shall not be tedious to relate any more but leave them to the discretion of every Leaders genius and shall now shew the way to reduce them Reducement Divisions of Muskettiers upon the Angles face to the Center and move three paces after wheel the Divisions a little to the right until they be brought in the Reer of their own Divisions of Muskettiers which being done command the four Divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers on the right to wheel to the left and the four Divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers upon the left to wheel to the right After command the four Divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers upon the left to face to the left and march to such a convenient distance as that the four last Divisions both Pikes and Muskettiers may move up on the left to range even with the Front they on the Flanks moving up also until they stand all even abrest After command the inmost eight Divisions to face to the Reer and let them all move until they be clear one of another then face to their Leader and let the eight Front-divisions face inward and to move until they stand straight with the Reer-divisions After let the Pikes in the Body in each Division open their Ranks to Front and Reer to their open Order And then command Divisions of Pikes upon the Flanks to face to the right and left inward and march in and strengthen the Body of Pikes which being done let the Front-divisions of Muskettiers face to the Reer commanding them all to close their Ranks forward to Order and face to their Leader they are reduced Which being performed the Leader may lodge his Colours having finished his ninth Exercise CHAP. XXXI The tenth Exercise consisting of 24 Files being six deep according to the first drawing up of a private Company THere being a greater number appearing upon this days Exercise then in the former it concerns a Leader more especially to give special charge to the inferiour Officers to be careful in the drawing forth the Files that they make no man a File-Leader Bringer-up Half-file-Leader or Bringer-up of the Front-half-files but such able Souldiers as may be deserving of the same whose diligence and care upon all motions is principally required being as it were the hinges of the Leaders several words of Command Wherefore supposing them to be drawn up in Battalia and the Colours being brought to the head of the Company the four Serjeants ready at hand attending their Captains commands and the body being closed in Ranks and Files to their distance of Order and silence craved at the Company he that shall exercise them may begin after Distances and Facings shewen with this or the like doubling following CHAP. XXXII Eight entire several Doublings with their Reducement Command FRont half-files double your Reer inward entire Command The twelve inmost Files double entire the depth of the six outmost Files Inmost Files face about Command Half-files double your Front to the right Command Double your Files to the right entire advancing Command Half-files double your Front inward entire Command The six outmost Files upon each Flank double entire advancing the twelve middle Files Command Half-files double your Front to the right entire Command Right half-ranks double your left Flank entire advancing which being performed they are reduced CHAP. XXXIII Eight several Countermarches with their Reducement Command FIle-Leaders stand the rest pass through to the right and
who is appointed either upon the Marching all abrest or upon a Stand to take charge of the Reer-ward or left Flank of the first grand Division to fight them but upon the long March it is more honourable for him to fall down in the Reer and to bring up his own Lieutenant coming up into his place for it is greater honour though many times not believed to bring up a grand division then to lead a Sub-division In the next place it may be supposed that the Captain-Lieutenants place is too honourable to lead the Van-guard To which I answer That the Colonel himself is confined thither for upon the long March he draws off the Van-guard and leads them himself being attended on horse-back by the Martial and Quarter-master of his own Regiment Now leading away the Muskettiers of his own particular Company the Captain-Lieutenant being subservient unto him marcheth a foot upon the head of the first Division of Muskettiers and takes charge of them as assisting to his Colonel and fighting them if he receives no command to the contrary when they are all drawn up again even abrest it concerning him especially to be there resident in the absence of his Colonel for the better regulating of them The eldest Captains Lieutenant is always placed in the Reer of the Pikes either upon a Stand or upon a March it being very honourable unto him to bring up a grand Division of Pikes The third Captains Lieutenant is ordered to bring up the left Flank except it be upon the long March and then he is to exchange places with his own Captain There is yet one place vacant which is to bring up the right Flank and the Captain-Lieutenants Bringer-up many times through courtesie is called a Lieutenant therefore a Major may be so courteous as to assign him that place And here I shall conclude with the reasons of the places of the Officers of the first grand Division CHAP. V. Reasons for the placing of the Officers of the second grand Division ALthough the Colonel is Commander in chief yet his discretion is such as to leave the ordering of places to his Major and as he takes charge of the first grand Division so he leaves the second to his Lieutenant-Colonel who stands upon the head or midst of the same being drawn up all even abrest and many times leads the second grand Division as the Colonel doth the first as was the practise in the Regiments upon their March under the command of the Earl of Essex General of the Parliaments Forces To such as shall approve of this way which may be very good they shall not need to Counter-march the Ranks of the Lieutenant-Colonel as is before expressed before the drawing up of the Lieutenant-Colonels Company but draw them up on the right of that Division and to Counter-march the Ranks of the Majors and draw his Company up on the left But I shall leave that to the liberty of those that shall best fancie this kinde and proceed to that which is of more use The second grand Division standing in an even range with the first it will be convenient for the Lieutenant-Colonel to be upon the head thereof As concerning the Major he being an Officer at will hath no certain place assign'd unto him by reason of his moving as occasion shall require to both Divisions whereby he may give orders unto them all minding the good order of the Regiment throughout every part But if he will take his place to march in the properest place for him if they march all abrest will be in the Front between the Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel but in the long march in the midst of both grand Divisions whereby he may have freer access unto them both whose vigilant eye in the well ordering of the Regiment is chiefly concern'd observing all the passages whether there be need of sub-dividing their Divisions and if at any time they shall be divided when there is ground sufficient enough he must give order again for the drawing them all up even abrest it being far more graceful to the Regiments marching In the next place the second Captain may claim it as his due to lead the second Body of Pikes as the eldest Captain challengeth the first and the reason given for his place may suffice for both The eldest Lieutenant in this grand Division which is the Lieutenant-Colonels Lieutenant is assigned unto that place where he is set down for to be an assistant there unto his Lieutenant-Colonel for the well regulating of his men which march in the Reer as the Captain-Lieutenant is to the Colonels men who march in the Front and his Lieutenant-Colonel bringing up the whole Regiment is the second place of honour Some may conceive the Majors Lieutenant hath too great a place of honour in leading the Van of the second grand Division To which I answer If the Lieutenant-Colonel marcheth not there himself but shall bring up the Regiment certainly it must be cleer that it is the Majors due for to march there himself at times convenient and being so there is good reason in his absence his Lieutenant should lead his men or in his presence to be there as a helper unto him for the well regulating of his men as the other Lieutenants are to the other Field-Officers who every one of them according to their several places may have several occasions to call them off their Lieutenants therefore ought to be at hand and to march with them in their places whereby they may receive Orders from them and know how to act in their absence concerning their own particular Souldiers The second Captains Lieutenant is ordered to bring up the second Body of Pikes which being a grand Division it falls to him as due there as the eldest Captains Lieutenant doth in the first it being the greatest place of honour that can be given him in the Reer next to the Lieutenant-Colonel Having spoken thus much concerning every Field-Officer the Captains and their Lieutenants where their places are to march with the reasons for the same it will be expected to supply two places which are vacant in the Reer of the second grand division To which I answer Upon the long march the Lieutenant-Colonel himself moves down there and brings up the Reer of the whole Regiment and therefore it is left vacant for him But then you will say There wants an Officer to bring up the Reer of that Division wherein the Majors Lieutenant is placed To which I answer That there is none remaining to do it except it be the Majors Lieutenant himself For if the Major shall lead the second grand Division then his Lieutenant may move down to bring up that particular Division for to supply the same but in regard the Major as hath been shewn before hath many occasions to call him off it concerns his Lieutenant to keep his place which was first assigned unto him to avoid the trouble of moving up again in
time that his Lieutenant Colonel shall come unto that place and then he is to bring up that Division being near at hand that if his Lieutenant-Colonel should upon some just occasions be called off he may immediatly move up and lead there in his absence For upon the Long-march as the Colonel leads the first grand Division so it is conceived by some they marching in two grand Divisions some twenty paces distance from each other in manner of two regimental Marchings that the Lieutenant-Colonel ought to lead the second Next let the First Division of Pikes be led by the second Captain and to be brought up by the fifth Captains Lieutenant and the second Division of Pikes to be led by the fifth Captain and brought up by the second Captains Lieutenant the last Division of Muskettiers to be led by the Majors Lieutenant and the Reer of the second grant Division being left for the Major to bring up at such time as with conveniency he may be spared Therefore to march thus it being a very good way and with very little alteration to be made I was unwilling to pass it by leaving it to the discretion of every ingenious Souldier to make use of which way he best pleaseth or likes of whilest I in the next place shall set forth the Figure which follows in pag. 161 affording more variety in the same CHAP. XV. How to make the Figure of a Ring with its use and service But methinks I hear some say Of what use or service upon any occasion may this Ring be unto the Souldier To whom I answer that it is one of the most serviceable Figures that can be made to secure the Souldier from danger against the furious charge of Horse in Campania the accomplishing or making of it up being easily and suddenly performed the Muskettiers having Pallizadoes may advance three or four paces and stick them down in such manner as they may keep the Horse from breaking in among them And after if they should be charged round they may give fire over them against their enemies and fall in the Reer of themselves yet nevertheless if the Horse should be undaunted and attempt to come on again they may resist them with a more desperate charge after this manner bringing all hands to fight and to pour out their shot or to fire altogether after this kind Command first the Pikes to move forward until they be three foot behind the Muskettiers then let every File rank to the right which will make them to stand but one abrest in one single Ring behind the Muskettiers Now that all hands may be brought to fight together command the first Rank of Muskettiers to kneel down the second stoop and the third stand upright then let all close forward to close Order and let the Pikes as occasion shall require charge betwixt the Muskettiers who may fire altogether and the Pikes may charge on whilest the Muskettiers make ready again The Pallizadoes formerly stuck keeping off the Horse from breaking in upon them they may fire after this manner as often as they please And so much may suffice to be spoken concerning the service and use that may be made of it in time of fight and now in the next place I come to reduce them into Companies again as at first Let the Pikes that ranked to the right file three to the left as they were and let the Bringers-up that doubled face about to the right and march forth into their places Then let the Major come to that place where he closed the Ring and brake it off wheeling them all along about to the left until he hath brought them to stand in one even Front as at first the same in like manner to be performed of the Pikes and to stand in the Reer of the Muskettiers Next let the Muskettiers and Pikes face outward and move to such convenient distance that after the Muskettiers may be subdivided again and the Pikes move up and double their Front inward entire in each grand Division Which being brought into that form each Captain may draw off his men being so commanded by the Major and compleat up his Company again and be after disposed of to farther duty or to march home to their Quarters according to command And here I shall conclude this Regiment of eight Companies CHAP. XVIII The manner of drawing up a Regiment consisting of ten Companies having in it seven Captains and three Field-Officers being in each particular Company the former numbers which in all amounts unto 1198 men THe Major having ground sufficient for the drawing up the Regiment after the Colonels Company hath made Alt next to him upon the left he draws up the youngest Captain which is the tenth and the next to him the third Captain which is the sixth after that the fourth Captain which is the seventh then the first Captain which is the fourth then the Majors which is the third next to him the fifth Captain which is the eighth and after that the second Captain which is the fifth then the sixth Captain which is the ninth All these being drawn up upon the left of the Colonels Company the closier of all upon the left is the Lieutenant-Colonels Company whose figure carries the number 2. Place now all these numbers of Dignity according to the former Figures and they will stand as followeth in a Rank 2 9 5 8 3. 4 7 6 10 1. 27 28. In the next place compare the Dignity of the right Half-ranks with the left and they are ballanced as neer as can be possible to be equal there being one odd which of necessity must be cast upon the right Half-ranks for the reasons formerly exprest in placing the second Captain into the Lieutenant-Colonels Division Then according to the former rule draw forth the Pikes and ingross them into two Bodies and the like of the Muskettiers after sub-divide the Muskettiers and make them four divisions and move them up to flank the Pikes and then they will be in two compleat grand Divisions In the next place let the Major order forth unto the Captains and Lieutenants their several places to lead and to bring up after this manner There being two grand Divisions having in them five Captains and five Lieutenants it will be necessary to appoint our five several Charges in the first grand Division to lead and five to bring up after this manner As first divide the Van-guard into two Divisions the first to be led by the Captain-Lieutenant and brought up by his Bringer-up the second Division of Muskettiers in the Van to be led by the third Captains Lieutenant and to be brought up by the fourth Captains Lieutenant The first division of Pikes is to have the three first Colours to fly upon the head of them and to be led by the eldest Captain and brought up by the seventh Captains Lieutenant the next division of Pikes to be led by the fourth Captain having his own and the
have his Horse-head in ballance and at command then grasping the Pummel of the Saddle with his left hand and standing with his full body close to the Horse-side and just between the Bolster and Cantle of the Saddle always on the nere side of the Horse with the help of his right Hand he shall put the left Foot into the left Stirrup and with his right Hand taking fast hold on the highest part of the Cantle behind he shall by the help of both Hands gently but strongly and in an upright posture without inclining his body to either hand raise himself until he may stand perpendicular upon his left Foot and then casting over his right-leg place himself in the Saddle He being now mounted his Postures are as follow Command 2. Vncap your Pistols Direction Turn down the Caps of your Pistol-cases or Holsters with your right-hand Command 3. Draw your Pistol Direction Draw your Pistol out of the Case with your right-hand always the left Pistol first mounting the Muzzle of it Command 4. Order your Pistol Direction Sink your Pistol into your Bridle-hand and remove your right-hand towards the Muzzle and rest the But-end upon the right Thigh Command 5. Span your Pistol Direction Sink your Pistol into your bridle-hand and take your Spanner in your right-hand and put it upon the Axle-tree winding it about till it stick and return your Spanner to its place Command 6. Prime your Pistol Direction Holding your Pistol in your bridle-hand as when you Span'd it take your Priming-box in your right-hand pressing the Spring with your fore-finger to open the Box put Powder into the Pan. Command 7. Shut your Pan. Direction Press in the Pan-pin with your Thumb and shut it Command 8. Cast about your Pistol Direction With your bridle-hand cast about your Pistol and hold it on your left side with the Muzzle upwards Command 9. Gage your Flasque Direction Take your Flasque in your right-hand and with your fore-finger pull back the Spring then turn the mouth of the Flasque downwards and let go the Spring Command 10. Lade your Pistol Direction Press down the Spring which openeth the Flasque with your fore-finger and bringing the mouth thereof to the Muzzle of the Pistol turn the Powder into the Barrel Command 11. Draw your Rammer Direction Draw your Rammer with your right-hand turned and hold it with the head downwards Command 12. Lade with Bullet and ram home Direction Hold the Rammer-head in your right-hand and take the Bullet out of your mouth with your thumb and fore-finger and put it into the Muzzle of your Pistol and your Rammer after it and so ram home Command 13. Return your Rammer Direction Draw forth your Rammer with your right-hand and return it to its place Command 14. Pull down your Cock Direction Bring your Pistol towards your rightside with your bridle-hand and resting the But-end upon your thigh with your right-hand pull down the Cock. Command 15. Recover your Pistol Direction Take your Pistol into your right-hand and mount the Muzzle Command 16. Present and give Fire Direction Your Pistol being in your right-hand with your fore-finger upon the Tricker incline the Muzzle thereof towards your Mark with a fixed eye and by degrees on the right side of your Horse-head turning your right-hand so that the Pistols Lock may be upwards having obtained your Mark draw the Tricker and give Fire Command 17. Return your Pistol Direction Return your Pistol and with your right-hand put it into your Case Concerning the Snap-hans Pistol those Postures wherein it differeth from the Fire-lock Pistol are these Command 18. Bend your Cock Direction Hold your Pistol in your bridle-Bridle-hand and with your right hand bend your Cock Command 19. Guard your Cock Direction Pull down the Back-lock with your right hand it will secure the Cock from going off Command 20. Order your Hammer Direction Draw down the Hammer upon the Pan with your right hand Command 21. Free your Cock Direction Thrust back the Back-lock with your right thumb thereby to give the Cock liberty For the more easie and speeding lading of the Pistol for the gaining of time and avoiding the carrying of either Flask or Touch-box there is an invention of a Spanner or Key which contains six Charges of Powder at the least and priming-Powder sufficient for those Charges and for the Cartouches wherewith the Pistol-cases be furnished which the Cuirassier will find to be of very good use The Cartouches are made of white Paper cut into convenient breadth and length and rowled upon the Rammer or other small round stick the edge being passed down and the Rammer drawn out one end of the Paper is to be doubled in to keep the Powder from falling out these Cartouches are to be made so big as to fill neerly the bore of the Pistol and of length to contain as much Powder as the Pistol requires for a Charge When the Powder is in tie it with thred and then put in the Bullet also tying that also these the Souldier may make at spare hours and have them always by him When he uses his Cartouches he must bite off the Paper at the head of it and so put it into the Barrel of the Pistol with the Bullet upwards and then ram it home these being beforehand prepared it will much expedite the work of lading his Pistol The Cuirassier being well mounted and throughly exercised in his Postures the next thing he should apply himself unto is to be a good Marksman to attain which he must be frequently shooting at Marks on Horsback having such set upon a Tree some higher and some lower The Cuirassier being armed Pistol-proof he must not give fire but at a very neer distance being careful to make his Bullet do execution the principal place of advantage to aim at is the lower part of the belly of his Enemy his arm-pits or his neck Some are of opinion that it is not fitting for a Cuirassier to give fire till he have his Pistol under his Adversaries Armor or against some unarmed place and if he miss of an opportunity of hitting the man he may aim at the head or brest of his Horse He is commonly to give the charge upon a Trot and seldome galloppeth but upon a pursuit Having spent both his Pistols and having no opportunity to load again he must then betake himself to the last refuge his Sword placing the Pummel of it upon his right thigh and with his right hand to direct the point thereof by his eye raising it higher or lower as ocsion serveth aiming at his Enemies Neck Arm-pits Eye or about the Pummel of the Saddle at his Belly c. but being past his Enemy he is to make a back-blow at him aiming to cut the buckle of his Poldron thereby disarming one of his Arms c. Of Exercising the Harquebusier and Carbine NOtwithstanding there be some difference between the Harquebusier and Carbine in their Horse their Arming and their Piece
his Captains intentions and purposes before-hand he may be the better provided to withstand the furious onset of the Enemy He ought to have the Ensign and all other Officers of the Company as near him as may be there being often-times urgent business to make use of them as occasion shall require He must neither cashiere nor punish any man in the presence of his Captain but ought to make him acquainted therewith that he may punish the offender by committing him either to prison or cause him to give recompence to the party wronged To conclude he ought to know how far his power doth extend either in the presence or absence of his Captain always demeaning himself so that he may gain the love of his whole Company by acting those things amongst them as may be just and honest Of a Captain HE that is a Captain of a Company ought in respect he leadeth the same and is Chief to appoint unto the Officers their several places what Divisions they shall lead and where they shall march and according to the number of Files to make his Divisions answerable thereto by dividing his Muskettiers as near as he can the one half upon the right of the Pikes and the other upon the left for they being the Flankers ought equally to be ballanced but if there be an odd File it ought to be contrived and carried to the right In the Van Battail or Reer he must according to the number of his men order his Officers places and draw them off accordingly in as equal a way as they will afford He is as well as his own to know all the several duties of his Officers and to be a good Posture-man himself that when he sees any of his Souldiers handling their Arms in an undecent and slovenly manner he may the better reprove them for the same And although many Captains regardeth them not but leaveth them to be instructed by the inferiour Officers yet it is a great deal of honour to him when his Souldiers shall be taught by himself they more cheerfully and confidently marching along with him when as they perceive that he is throughly knowing in all things belonging to his charge He shall do well to exercise his Company sometimes himself teaching them how to fight upon all occasions whether it be to Front Reer or Flanks or upon surprise of an Ambuscado or any other disadvantage which may befall them informing them how to fall off and rally again in good order And at such times he must couragiously and wisely behave himself and incourage his Souldiers of hopes of Victory casting off all appearances of fear or danger whatsoever cheerfully animating his Souldiers to fall on taking care and making much of them and not to forsake them until such time they may be relieved by others He is to have a fatherly care of his Souldiers timely providing for the maimed wounded and sick such helps and remedies as their present conditions requires He must likewise see that there be no want of Victual Arms or Ammunition He ought not to be covetous nor keep back his Souldiers pay but to see them duly paid visiting and relieving them according to their several wants and necessities His care must be to execute Justice appease quarrels punish offenders by doing whereof he will maintain the honour and dignity of his place He ought to carry a very even hand over his Souldiers and to be very courteous and kind unto them yet with that restriction of familiarity that he come not under contempt And again he must not be too rigid and harsh caning or beating them without just cause lest he incurre their hatred who secretly or in time of Battail will seek to be revenged of him endeavouring to kill him before their enemy therefore he ought to be wise and discreet in his commands and carriage towards them His place of marching with his Company is some six foot before the first Division of Muskettiers but if his Company be drawn up he is either upon a Stand or upon the March to be on the head of the Pikes six foot before the Ensign In time of Battail although he leads his men up first against the Enemy yet he is not always tied to be in the Front having often just occasion to remove down into the Reer Midst or Flanks carefully casting his eye upon all parts of the Body thereby preventing the least error or neglect of his Souldiers directing them what to do keeping them in good order as long as occasion shall require Moreover he ought to be very religious temperate and discreet faithful in his trust valiant in the field against the face of his enemy and being besieged in either Town or Fort for to preserve his honour never give his consent for the yielding it up until it be past hope that there is no possibility to hold it out any longer Of a Serjeant-Major HIs duty is every morning and evening or upon any other occasion to attend upon the General Martial of the Field or Serjeant-Major-General of the Army to receive his Orders how or in what manner the Regiment shall march whether in a single Battalion or else in two to be joined with others After which he gives order accordingly unto the Captains how to draw up their Companies and orders them accordingly At which time of embattelling or marching he ought to be as near the midst of the Regiment as he can for the better regulating of the same He is to place all the Officers according to their Dignity where they are to lead and where to bring up and which men they shall take charge of to fight causing the Drum-Major after they are all drawn up and the other Drummers to beat a March and to move all at one instant as occasion shall require He ought to make all the Divisions as near equally alike as possible he can He must likewise be well verst in the several drawing up of Regiments with their various forms of Battail that according to the condition of the place ground number of men and Orders received from the Major-General or Majors of the Brigades he may not shew himself a Novice or one that is to seek nor ought he to go dully or slothfully upon his charge or place but to be very ready quick and nimbly performing with much ease and readiness his Battalions and grand Divisions In their drawings up he may be permitted to have Pen Ink and Paper for to take an accompt of the several strengths of the Captains Companies and to order his men accordingly and ought to give unto all the Officers of the Regiment notes in writing of their several charges and places In time of fight or otherwise marching with the Regiment he is to be on horse-back in regard he is the eyes hands and feet thereof in time of Battail he is to see every Officer to perform his charge and Souldier his duty forcing and compelling them forward if in case
they turn their backs He is also to distribute to the Captains and other Officers such Orders as he shall receive from his Colonel or other Superior Officer In marching with the Regiment not alone but with the Army he must know from the General Martial or Major-General whether the Regiment be to march in the Van-guard Battail or Reer He ought to have some knowledge or information of the Country whether it be long or streight thereby judging how to order his marching so as he may not be disturbed by the enemies Horse or Artillery Being troubled with Baggage if there be any difficult passage he ought to be there present to prevent such disorders as may happen giving directions for their placing and marching as they may not be any hinderance to the Regiment putting them in order again before the Regiment shall enter into their Quarters at which time he may give license to the Captains and their Ensigns to take their lodgings excepting only those who are appointed for Guardians who must enter the Corps du guard and place their Sentinels until such time as they shall be relieved by others Now if a Regiment be to be quartered or lodged either in the Field or under shelter if in the Field he must cause it to be barracado'd or intrenched by the Waggons or other defences of the Field after which he is to place his Corps du guard round about the Quarters and the Sentinels at so near a distance that they may hear one the other speak being about 80 or 100 paces off from the Corps du guard being placed double a Pike and a Musket and five paces from them other single Sentinels are to be placed which are called Perdues And in case of Alarm the Sentinel Perdue shall retreat to the double Sentinel and in case of necessity all together having given fire are to retreat to the Corps du guard He must likewise at divers hours of the night visit the Corps du guard and if an Alarm be given in the Field he is to betake himself to the Alarm-place of the Regiment and there to form his Battalion and to send men to double the Guards on that part where the Alarm was given and to give notice thereof to his Colonel or other Superior Officer if they be present of what passeth The Ensigns ought not to retreat unless their Colonel or he give leave no Order at any time ought to be altered but by him in respect he giveth none but such as he receiveth from the Colonel It is his duty to speak for Ammunition as Powder Bullets Match and for Victuals if there shall be any want in the Regiment which provisions ought to be delivered unto him and he to see it equally distributed unto the Companies according unto the proportion given out And likewise he is to give Order what proportion or number of workmen or commanded men shall be drawn forth to work If under shelter then he is to view the place both within and without appointing the places for the Corps du guards and Sentinels and the way of the Rounders that it be free It will be expedient for him to chuse the Alarm-place whither the Companies upon the Alarum given are to repair being the Rendezvous for the whole Regiment being careful to place sufficient Guards both upon the Walls and about the Gates for their more security Which being ended he may give leave to the Captains to go to their Lodgings and several Quarters there to remain until they shall be called upon Duties for the due performance whereof he is to cause them to cast Lots whereby they may know what part of the Walls may fall to their turn He is to command the Captains to enter the Guards about ten or eleven a clock in the morning he is likewise to open and shut the Gates at the rising or setting of the Sun and to place the Watches upon the Walls presently upon the shutting of the Gates and to relieve them upon the opening thereof And as he doth receive his directions for marching imbattelling viewing of ground and placing of Guards from the Serjeant-Major-General or Serjeant-Major of that Brigade so he is to deliver them over to the Captains and Officers of that Regiment and to call upon them to whom it appertains to see them duly executed In the presence of his Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel he is to be an assistant unto them in seeing all orders and directions duly performed and in their absence he hath the same authority and command as they He ought after he hath received the Word and Orders from the Serjeant-Major-General or Serjeant-Major of the Brigade he presently delivers them to his Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel and afterwards to the Serjeants of every Company drawn in a Ring according to the Seniority of their Captains which are to come and attend upon him for the same In the absence of his Superiour Officers he giveth the Word himself every night he is to visit all the Guards of the Regiment commanding them duly to keep the turns of their Watches and Marches seeing that one Captains Company perform not more duty than another to the end that both the honour and labour may be equally divided among so he may exercise the whole Regiment being thereunto required by his Colonel or Lieut. Colonel in all their Distances Facings Doublings Wheelings and False firings or in their absence of himself he hath full power so to do To conclude he ought to be well grounded in all Military Affairs and to be both wise and valiant Of a Lieutenant-Colonel HE that is a Lieutenant-Colonel to a Regiment hath a very honourable place having power and command over all the Regiment in the absence of his Colonel and may also at such time exercise the Regiment in all the Military Motions and is to lead the Regiment upon the head thereof but when his Colonel is present he bringeth up the Reer if they march in one Division but if in two in some places he leadeth the second as his Colonel doth the first or if in three as formerly is shewen he commands the Van-guard the Colonel the Battail and the Major the Reer-guard His place is not of so great pains and toyl as the Majors is therefore he ought in the drawing up of the Regiment to be helpful and assisting unto him in that particular and in all others where he shall think fit To conclude the greatest affairs of the Regiment being carried forth by the Major there is the less remaining to be spoken concerning him but that he see all things duly observed throughout the Regiment according unto such orders received from those which are above him Of a Colonel IT concerneth every Colonel to take care that his Companies be full and compleat if it may be that they be well provided of Arms and to take cognizance what Exercises are continually performed by them communicating Orders and commanding all Officers of his Regiment what is