admonish your Souldiers that at the tucke of your Drumme they runne from their Armes about the Holbert and to stay there till the Drumme recall them againe to their Armes which being done it makes the Souldiers able in breath to know one anothers place in case they should be brought at any time in disorder to recover themselves the better Thus much for the training of Souldiers in changing of place as you will have them without giving of fire When you have gotten your Souldiers thus experimented in their motions then are you to acquaint them with shot in giving of fire to make them fix against their enemies which is easily done having once apart and singularly used their Muskets after the order of the severall postures belonging thereto as was commanded their inferiour Officers and Leaders to teach them before they were exercised Therefore before you come to the particular formes of giving fire you shall first give some generall directions to be observed by all for avoiding the hurting of themselves or of their Camerades as also how they can best offend their enemies and to this effect you shall admonish in love all brave Musketiers first to have their Muskets cleere and hansome and above all fix in the worke especially every Souldier would be well knowne with his owne Musket and cocke to cocke aright then to hold the mouth or Cannon of his Musket ever high up either being on his shoulder or in priming or guarding of his panne but in giving fire never higher or lower than levell with the enemies middle then your Musketiers being in readinesse your Muskets charged they may be commanded to give fire in skirmish disbandoned as their Officers doe direct them to advance or retire as the occasion offers also to give fire by Ranckes Files Divisions or in Salves as the Officer pleaseth to command to the effect they may be fixed Omni modâ— though in my opinion one way is the best yet there are severall wayes of giving fire in advancing to an enemy as retiring from an enemy or in standing firme before an enemy either by Rancks or by Files made to Rancks Advancing to an enemy not being disbandoned but in one bodie they give fire by Rancks to Rancks having made readie alike they advance ten paces before the bodie being led up by an Officer that stands in even Front with them the Cannon or mouth of their Muskets of both Rancks being past his bodie The second Rancke being close to the backe of the foremost both gives fire alike priming and casting about their Muskets they charge againe where they stand till the other two Rancks advance before them and give fire after the same manner till the whole Troope hath discharged and so to beginne againe as before after the order of the through-countermarch ever advancing to an enemie never turning backe without death or victorie And this is the forme that I esteeme to be the best as for the rest they are not to be much used but this order can be used winning ground advancing or losing ground in a Retreate When you would command the body of your Musketiers to give fire in a Salve as is ordinarie in Battell before an enemy joyne or against Horsemen then you command the bringers up or Reare to double the Front to the right hand and to make readie having the match cocked and their pannes well guarded having closed the three Rancks though not the Files the Officers standing in equall Front with the foremost Rancke betwixt two Divisions he commands to give fire one Salve two or three and having charged againe and shouldered their Armes they retire to the left hand againe every man falling behinde his owne Leader Being on retiring from the enemie the whole bodie having made readie as they march off in order a qualified Officer being in the Reare and qualified Officers in the Van to order them that fall up the last two Rancks in the Reare turne faces about and the whole body with them and the two Rancks having given fire they march through the body to the Van and order themselves as they were before and so successively the whole bodie gives fire ever by two Rancks and falls off till such time as they have made their Retreate sure Thus much of fire-giving by Rancks on two or three as you please at once and no more Now a little for the exercising of the Squadron of Pikes in generall for the generall motion certaine directions are to be observed concerning Pikes that the Souldiers keepe their Pikes cleane and cleere and never to be suffered to cut off the lengths of their Pikes as often is seene upon marches being very uncomely to see a Squadron of Pikes not of one length likewise in all motions with the Pike the hand and foote ought to goe alike and the Souldier would be expert in giving the right pousse with the Pike backwards and forwards Your Squadron of Pikes as they ought to march with the Drumme so they ought to obey the Drumme beating a Troope a Charge a Call a Retreate As also to traile their Pikes to make reverence with the Pike being shouldred and your Squadron of Pikes being but six deepe in Rancke your Files may be so many as can well heare your voyce in Command providing there be no odde File and thus well ordered at their open order of six foote distance command to mount their Pikes then calling for a Drumme beside you let him beate a march then they are to shoulder their Pikes flat or slaunt carried and then to march a little let your Drumme againe beate a Troope then they mount their Pikes and troope away fast or slow as your passe leades them stopping or advancing as you doe then let your Drumme beate a Charge then they charge their Pikes and advance fast or slow as you lead them and retire also backwards their Pikes charged as you will have them then troope againe and they mount their Pikes march and shoulder and haulting let the Drumme beate againe and they order their Pikes on the ground as first being at their distance and trooping againe they mount their Pikes so that you can command them to Battell order or closse order for Wheeling or Counter-marching at your owne pleasure In repayring to their Colours or comming from watch they should ever walke with their Pikes mounted as also they may use this posture on Centrie and your Pikes mounted and at your open order you can use all doublings that your Musketiers used as also to present to Front Reare right or left hand the curiositie of the turnes to the right or left hand in Van or Reare the Pike being shouldred you can also teach them as you will though not much to be used in exercise and the Pikes thus well exercised having seene frequent danger can doe good service against Horsemen and against foote to foote either in battell entering a Towne or breach or retiring or advancing to choake an
had already possessed the whole Bulworke and shipping with their horse I asking my Colonells leave drew our whole Colours in front and our Pikes charged after them our musketiers drawne up in our reare by divisions fortifying our reare in case the Enemy should assault us in our Reare and then I advanced with our Colours alongst the peere our Pikes charged we cleered the Peere of the Horsemen suffring them to save themselves from drowning where they found the Channell most shallow and advancing thus to the end of the Peere we seazed upon one ship with some horses in it where we set our Colours and making that ship launch off a little from the shore for feare of being aground having mann'd the ship-boat with an Officer and some musketiers we sent to force other ships out of the Roade to launch in and serve us untill such time as the most part of our Regiment were shipped except some Villaines who were gone a plundering in the Towne but not knowing the danger they were in they stayed all night from us and were taken by the enemy the next morning Thus having shipped our men we were forced to quit our Horses and baggage the Officers that were most diligent as Captaine Monro and my brother Obstell were busied the whole night ferrying souldiers from the shoare especially the sicke and wounded who were not able to helpe themselves In the morning I shipped three boatefulls of wounded and sicke men till at the last I was beaten from the shoare by the enemies horsemen And my Colonells ship being under saile layd up to the winde attending my comming with the last fraught and then we followed the Route of the fleete seeing the enemies Army drawne up in battell horse foote and Cannon and our Army of Foote and horse opposite unto them where I did see six and thirty Cornets of horse being full troupes without loosing of one Pistoll give themselves prisoners in the enemies mercy whereof the most part tooke service As also I did see above five Regiments of foote being forty Colours follow their examples rendring themselves and their colours without loosing of one musket Iudge then judicious reader though we were sorrie for the losse of our Army if we were glad of our owne safeties I thinke we were and praised be God with no discredit to us or our Nation for none can be blamed that doth what he is commanded thus following our course the third morning we arrived before Flinesborrie where our Randezvouz was appointed and having sent a shoare for some victualls whereof we stood in great neede no man was blamed to provide for himselfe at such time when the whole Country was to be left to our enemies mercy His Majesty being there after hearing the certainty of his great losse resolved to secure Denmark having lost Holsten Yewtland we got orders with expedition all of us to ship and to hold forth our course unto Assens in Denmark where his Majesty promised to meete us to dispose further of us for his Majesties service and we making saile follow our course and orders At our parting the Rhinegrave with his Regiment did come thither the enemy at his heeles and he at spurres following the King till he had gotten the passe made good betwixt Holsten and Yewtland and his Majestie once safely arrived in Denmark the Rhinegrave quitting Yewtland unto the enemy follows the King unto Denmark We landed at Assens of our Regiment eight hundred Souldiers besides one hundred and fifty wounded and sicke men and being put in good quarters we rest us leaving the enemy to rest in the fat land of Holsten and Yewtland having a good broad and deepe fossey betwixt us we were by Gods mercy secured The seventh Observation HEre we see that the losse of a day is the losse of a great part of his Majesties Kingdome for the losse of his Armie was the losse of Holsten and Yewtland so that here below we have no assured estate from the King to the Clowne whereof we have frequent examples in Histories which should make none of all estates to glory too much either in their peace or prosperitie as the Holsteners did for though now thou be in peace and securitie as they were before this day thou oughtst to looke unto thy selfe and to prevent the worst better than they did Therefore to discharge a part of my dutie to my Country-men and friends I minde here somewhat to touch the misery of man through the inconstancy of humane affaires Isidore writes that it was the custome at Constantinople in the dayes of the Emperours Coronation while as he sate in his Throne a Mason came to him presenting stones that he might choose which he would to make his Tombe of thereby putting him in minde of the inconstancy of humane fragilitie We reade also of a simple Citizen in Italy that became one of the most powerfull men in Italy and coming to the dignitie of a Prince being thirtie yeares without interruption in great prosperitie tranquillitie and peace yea ever in the most dangerous time of warre and his Children raised to high honours and dignities this man thinking himselfe to be above the winde a whirle-winde of warres unlooked for came on him and his from Florence that he with his wife and children were taken prisoners and sent to Millane his goods confiscated he was shut up in close prison and died miserably the Venetians appropriating unto themselves all his money he had in Bancke We reade also of one Francis Force that through his heaping up of wealth came to be made Duke of Millane and after that intitled himselfe to be the Sonne of Fortune and the Oracle of the Princes of Italie being many yeares in prosperitie was afterwards chased from his goods as the Holsteners were then but having recovered his lands and goods againe he grew so insolent and proud of his prosperitie that at last he was taken prisoner and was kept till death in prison mockt of the whole world for his pride and greedinesse The same Author Guicchardine in his seventh Booke in the 157 doth record of the Bentioles chased out of Bullon where they long were in peace the subjects of Millane being forbidden to receive them the chiefest of them died of griefe having never before tasted the Cup of adversitie And so became of sundry in Denmark that for feare did send away their goods by shipping unto the Craggs of Norway to be kept there whereof some were lost by Sea and the owners afterward died of griefe not having the courage to undergoe patiently their Crosse. The Lord of his mercie preserve my Countrey and Friends from the like Visitation Let no man therefore flatter himselfe with prosperitie riches or honour as Agapetus adviseth us in his Politique Aphorismes All are borne alike come of dust our glory then should be of vertue and not in riches prosperitie or honours for we should esteeme of nothing so much as of Gods judgements praying his
lamented as being without gall or bitternesse Likewise at this time Lievetenant Hector Monro being also a stout and a valourous Gentleman died of a languishing Ague in Vertenberg being much lamented by his Camerades and friends We reade in the Roman Story That the memory of the dead was ever honourable and precious so that the Romans wore mourning for their dead friends above a yeare And the Athenians had an Order amongst them that all those who dyed bravely in warres their names should be inregistred and set in Chronicle as also frequent mention was ordained to be made of their names and of the exploits done by them in the publique meetings Moreover it was ordained by them to celebrate dayes in their remembrance wherein the youth should be exercised in divers exercises of body called Sepulchres whereby the people might be incouraged to follow Armes for to gaine honour to themselves to the end that disdaining death they might be encouraged to fight for the weale of the publique And Polemarche the Leader for those youths in time of their Exercise was wont to sing Verses and Songs made in praise of those that dyed valourously serving the publique and to incite others to the like magnanimitie The youths did sing them also before the people To conclude then this Observation since GOD hath made me poore by the want of my Friends I finde no other remedie but to inrich my selfe in being content with his will being perswaded as they have gone the way before me I must needs follow and then others by my example must learne to be contented to want me And though I leave them poore they can be rich in God being content For we are neither rich nor poore by what we possesse but by what we desire AN ABRIDGEMENT OF EXERCISE FOR THE Younger Souldier his better Instruction Wherein first we shew a complete Company and then we make twelve Companies to complete a Briggad TO make a complete Company of marching men under Armes there must be one hundred twentie six men in Armes being reckoned to twenty-one Rots each Rot being six men of which two are esteemed as Leaders being a Corporall a Rot-master or Leader and an under Rot-master being the last man of the six in field which also is sometimes a Leader when on occasion his Leader is made to be under Rot-master then in a Company you have twenty-one Leaders being six of them Corporalls and fifteene Rot-masters which to close the fields have allowed twenty-one men called under Rot-masters a Company thus consisting of twenty-one Rots is divided in six Corporall-ships whereof three being Pikemen and three Rot being eighteen men makes a Corporall-ship of Pikes Also there must be to complete this Company three Corporall-ships of Musketiers each Corporall-ship being counted twenty-foure men being foure Rots so that to make up the Company complete there must be nine Rots of Pikemen which have the Right hand and twelve Rots of Musketiers on the left hand being drawne in one Front they make a complete body of a Company without Officers This Company hath allowed them for Officers a Captaine a Lievetenant an Ensigne two Sergeants foure under-Beefeeles being a Captaine of Armes a furer of Colours a furrier and a Muster-schriver as also to serve the Company three Drummers are allowed and fourteen passe-volants with foure muster-youngs are allowed to the Captaine as free men unmustered to make up the complete number of one hundred and fiftie besides the Officers The Company being drawne up complete the Pikes on the Right hand and the Musketiers on the left hand then the Ensigne or his furer with a Drummer and three Rots of Pikes goes to bring out the Colours to be placed in Front of the Company before they march As also the Colours are to be conveyed againe in this manner at all lodging and dislodging The Company marching to Parad or watch with complete Officers the Captaine leads off six Rots of Musketiers his Drumme beating betwixt the second and the third Ranke then followes up after that division the oldest Sergeant leading up the first five Rots of Pikemen the Ensigne leading up the other Division of Pikes his Furer furing his Colours after him and the second Drummer beating betwixt the two Divisions then the Lievetenant leads up the last Division of Musketiers being six Rots also and coming in equall Front with the rest the Captaine making a signe for the Drumme beating they order their Armes the Captaine standing in Front on the Right hand the Ensigne on his left and the Lievetenant on the left hand of both with a Sergeant on each Flancke and the under-Beifells with halfe Pikes stand in the Reare of the Company Twelve Companies thus complete would make up three Squadrons every Squadron of Pikes and Muskets being drawne up severall apart after the former example of the lesse body Pikes and Colours on the right hand and the Musketiers on the left which three Squadrons thus drawne up and complete would make a complete Briggad of Foote to be divided as followes viz. eight Corporall-ships of Musketiers being thirty-two Rots divided in foure Plottons every Plotton being eight in front led off by a Captaine and every Division after him led up by a sufficient Officer till at a haulte all were drawne in even front after this Division should follow the thirty-six Rots of Pikes being twelve Corporall-ships with their Colours a Captaine leading off the first five Rots before the foure Colours should stirre where betwixt the second and third Ranke of the first Division of Pikes the Drummer should beate then the Ensignes should leade off the other Division their Furers with their Colours following them till they drew up in even Front with the first Division of Pikes which ought to be in one Front with the thirty-two Rots of Musketiers that make the right wing of the Briggad keeping their Armes orderly shouldered till they were commanded otherwise and their Sergeants ought to looke unto the Flanks till such time that the whole Squadron of Pikes being thirty-six Rots were drawne up in even Front with the Musketiers after this manner the other Squadron of Pikes being thirty-six Rots also which should make the Battaile of the Briggad ought to march by Divisions being led up in all respects and order after the manner of the former Squadron of Pikes till they were in even Front with the rest then the other thirty-two Rots of Musketiers belonging to that Squadron which are appointed to be the Battaile of the Briggad ought to be led up as the first Division of Musketiers were in all points which ought to draw up at a reasonable distance behinde their owne Squadron of Pikes appointed for the Battaile of the Briggad where their Sergeants on the Flancks ought to looke to their order and not to suffer them to stirre their Armes till they were commanded And after them should march up the last Squadron of Pikes in all respects observing the order of the former
Squadrons in their marching till they were led up in equall Front with the other Pikes and then march up the last thirty-two Rots of Musketiers in foure Divisions observing the order of the former Divisions till they were in equall Front with the whole Pikes and then they making up the left wing of the Briggad the Colonell of the Briggad ordaines the battell of Pikes being the middle Squadron of Pikes to advance in one body before the rest till they are free of the Musketiers and Pikes which makes the wings of the Briggad and then the battaile of Pikes standing firme the thirty-two Rot of Musketiers which were drawne up behinde them march up till they fill up the voide betwixt the Squadrons of pikes standing right behinde their owne pikes that is the battaile of the Briggad and then the Colonell making a signe to the Drummers they beate all alike till the Briggad in one instant doth order their Armes all Officers of the Briggad standing on their stations according as they were directed then the superplus of the three Squadrons of musketiers being fourty-eight Rot are drawne up behinde the Briggad having also Officers to command them they attend orders which they are to obey being commanded out as pleaseth their Officers either to guard Cannon or Baggage or to be Convoyes to bring Amunition or victualls to the rest A direction to Traine single Souldiers apart HAving thus formed a Company and showne the manner to draw up a complete Briggad for the younger Officer his better understanding being a Novice to this Discipline I will set downe briefely the best way suddenly to bring a young Company to be exercised which in my opinion would be thus First since every Rot of the twenty-one whereof the Company doth consist hath allowed a Corporall or a Rot-master as the Leader of the other five which Leader is supposed to be more expert in handling of Pike or Musket then the other five who make up the Rot and the under Rot-master is supposed to be more expert in handling his Armes than the other foure so that he is appointed as a second to the Leader being sometimes a Leader himselfe then after the company is made up for the first weeke I would have every Corporall of the six and the fifteene Rot-masters being Leaders with the helpe of their under Rot-masters in a weekes time to make the other foure as expert in handling of Pike and Musket as themselves or to be punished with Irons in case of their neglect which the Sergeants should see done as they should answer to the Lievetenant the Lievetenant to the Captaine and the Captaine to the Major the Major to the Lievetenant Colonell and they all to the Colonell which they ought to practise in the fields apart till the Rot were acquainted every one with his Leader from the first to the last and while as the under Rot-master should turne Leader then all the followers before were then Leaders also and then the Rot being apart the middle man of the Rot should be taught to double to the Front till their deepe were three that was six before and in falling off againe the middle man should turne to the contrary side or hand he came up upon carrying their Armes handsomly free from others without making noise in their retiring to their former station and orders Likewise I would have the Corporall Rot-master or Leader being a Musketier having his Rot once expert in handling severally the Musket well then to discharge their Muskets in winning ground advancing to an enemy the Leader having discharged his musket standing still to blow his pannâ— and prime againe having cast off his loose powder then to cast about his Musket to his left side drawing backe with his Musket his left foote and hand till the mouth of the musket come right to his hand to charge againe in the same place standing firme till his follower marched by him on his right hand standing at the same distance before him that he stood behinde and then to give fire blowing his pan priming casting off and retiring his musket with his left hand and foote and to charge againe as is said and so forth one after another discharging at a like distance till at last the Rot-master should be under-rot and the under-rot Leader and then his follower marching up by him while as he is charging giving fire on the enemy and having discharged standing still also charging till in th' end the Rot-master come to be Leader againe and so forth still advancing per vices till the enemy turne backe or that they come to push of Pike and Buts of Muskets Thus having exercised the Rots apart for a weeke or two doubtlesse they will become expert Souldiers in using their Armes when they are joyned in a strong body lesse or more The Pike men would be exercised also by Rots apart in the severall Postures thereof till they were acquainted also with their Leaders and were made expert in using their Pikes aright till thereafter the whole body of Pikes might be exercised apart with great ease to their Officers The Musketâ—ers being drawne in a body being sixteene or thirty-two men in Front being but six Rancks deepe the first Rancke discharging at once casting about their muskets and charging all alike the second Rancke marches through every follower going by on the right hand of his Leader standing before him at the distance they were behinde and then being firme they give fire all alike on their enemies blowing priming casting about and charging all alike where they stand till per vices the whole Ranckes have discharged and so forth ut antea successively advancing and giving-fire till the enemy turne backe or that they come to push of Pike and being thus well exercised in advancing to the enemy and winning ground if through necessity they be forced to retire from an enemy losing ground they must also keepe their faces to their enemies the Reare being still in fire and the last Rancke having given fire they march through the Rancks till they that were last are first comming off and so per vices till they have made a safe retreate the Reare which is ever the Front coming from an enemy is in fire The manner to exercise a body of Musketiers TO exercise a Squadron of Musketiers how strong soever they be the number of Rancks being no deeper than six the files being even may be so many as your voice can extend to ever observing that your Command be given in the Front otherwise may breede disorder and before you begin to command you would enter first with a Prologue as good Orators commonly doe to reconciliat their hearers attendance even so you ought with an exhortation of attendance entreate but by way of command your Souldiers not to be gazing in time of their exercise but with stedfastnesse to settle their mindes on their exercise that they may the better observe and obey the words of command and
reason having had both good quarters and money there after in other services would have been contented with lesse We ought then to maâ—e use of the present preserving that we have and if it goe to grieve as little as we may yet we ought to owe a deare respect to the memorie of the good we lost Certainly a good resolution is the most â—ortifying Armour a discreet man can weare that can defend him against all the unwelcome frownes that the poore world puts vpon him with this we can be servants as well as Lords and have the same inward pleasantnesse in the â—â—â—â—â—es of fortune that we carried in her softest smiles It was Zantippe's observation that she eveâ— found Socrates returne with the same countenance that he went abroad withall I wish no man so spiritlesse as to let all abuses presse the dulnesse of a willing shoulder for resolution is alwayes necessary in the waine of fortune to save vs from discontentments that usually deject us A wise man makes the trouble lesse by fortitude when a foole stoupes to it The world hath nothing 〈◊〉 glorious as vertue which is like the passage of Haniball over the Alâ—â— â— worke of trying toyle of infinite danger but once performed it lets him in unto the worlds Garden Italy leaving him a lasting fame My Chiefe and cosen the Baron of Fowles being in his travels in France a litle prodigall in his spending redacted his estate to a weake point being advised by his friends timely to looke to the wounds of his house and family and to foresee the best cure to keep burthen off his estate having engaged his Revenewes for teene yeares to pay his Creditors he went beyond sea a voluntier to Germanie with Mac-Keyes Regiment well accompanyed with a part of his neerest friends and having the patience to attend his fortune his first employment was to be a Captaine of a company of Scots souldiers leavied by himselfe and there after advanced to be a Colonell of horse foot of strangers under the invincible King of Sweden of worthy memorie Thus farre of the Barron of Fowles in my first observation to animate other Cavaliers borne of lesse fortunes to follow his vertues in being patient though their preferments come not at first loving vertue for her end Here also we see by the example of the Dutch Captaine formerly spoken of that pride in a noble nature is as rare to be found as humilitie in an unworthy minde and arrogancie is a weede that ever growes in a dunghill and no circumstance can make the expression of pride laudable for the affronting man by his owne follie should be taught the way to his duetie as the Dutch Captaine was who out of his pride and arrogancie would second a first wrong with contempt was taught humilitie in so much as he was made beholden to those for his life whom out of his pride he had offended The second dutie discharged of the rising of the Regiment from Quarters going on their first March. THE Colonell recovered of his sicknesse tooke shipping from Scotland to Holland and from thence over land to Holsten accompanied with Captaine Mac-Kenyee and Captaine Pomfrey arrived in the latter end of March Anno 1627 in Holsten where he was welcomed by his Regiment At his comming orders were given his Regiment should be brought in Armes at Eittho where his Majestie would take their Oathes of fidelitie The Regiment being come together at the Randezvouz was drawn vp in three divisions attending his Majesties comming in good order of battaile all Officers being placed according to their stations orderly Colours fleeing Drummes beating horses neying his Majestie comes royally forward Salutes the Regiment and is saluted againe with all due respect and reverence used at such times his Majestie having viewed Fronâ— Flancks and Reare the Regiment fronting allwayes towards his Ma tie who having made a stand ordained the Regiment to march by him in divisions which orderly done and with great respect and reverence as became his Majestie being mightily well pleased did prayse the Regiment that ever therafter was most praise worthy The Colonell and the principall Officers having kissed his Majesties hand retired to their former stations till the Oath was publikely given both by Officers and souldiers being drawne in a Ring by conversion as use is at such times The Oath finished the Articles of warres reade and published by a Banke of the Drummer Major and his associates the Regiment remitted marches off orderly by companies to their quarters to remaine till orders were given for their vp-breaking The next day the Colonell and Lievetenant colonell were commanded to march over the Elve with seaven companyes and to beset the Towne of Stoade with two companies and then to march with the other five towards the Waser streame to joyne with the English forces commanded by Generall Morgan being foure Regiments of foote The Sergeant Major Dumbarre with the remnant foure companies was commanded towards Lawenburg fearing the enemy was to crosse the Elve our orders dulie followed we are thus severed marching to our severall Randezvouz entring to take paines for our former too much pleasure and riot used in our winter quarters On this expedition towards the Waser streame unfortunately Captaine Boswell comming after the Regiment was killed by a number of villanous Boores ever enemies to souldiers the Cavaliers death was much regrated of all that knew him and no reparation had for his death But the Boores being fled the Dorpe was burnt off Being thus joyned to Generall Morgan his forces where we remayned ten weekes having had great dutie in watching many alarummes but little service so that our souldiers longing for service said the Emperialists were no enemies yet when the service was once offered the smart came with it in great Our Lievetenant colonell and his company did march from â—s towards Lawenburg and joyned with the other foure companyes and the Sâ—rgeant Major Dumbarre was sent to command the Colonells division on the Waser the Colonell being gone to sollicite moneyes for the Regiment seeing the English Regiment did get weekely meanes whereas we were entertained oâ— proviant bread beere and bacon The second Observation NOthing procures more faithfull service then the Masters liberalitie This magnanimous King his liberalitie we could not complaine of having payd us in money and with assignation of moneys on our owne King and good Quarters we had which were not reckoned unto us our true fidelitie his Majestie did oft-times commend and our service both Therefore in my opinion that bloud is not to be accounted lost which is shed for a Noble Master Diligent and discreet servants are the best friends a noble King or Prince can be blest withall And as our deserving in this service was good our respect was more than answerable having beene many times feasted and Royally entertained at his Majesties Table being of servants made companions to the King our Master Let no man then thinke it bondage to
of the ruine of the City Iustice and Lawes being abolished avarice rife and pride did reigne and dominier a pleasant story to reade and make use of in the day robbing unpunished spoyling the Church in all confusion Aristotle sayes well that such changes come by them that have eaten up their owne and have no more There was also sedition moved at Lisbone in the yeare 166 by the fantasies of the multitude that was a flood that tooke away almost all the Iewes that were turned Christians whereof there were killed above a thousand and the Massacre continuing three dayes was never appeased till at night the third day Arius Silvius and Alvare of Caster gentlemen and chiefe of the Iustices came with men of warre in Armes to Lisbone and appeased the tumult The Kings Majesty hearing the newes of this horrible sedition being much grieved did presently send unto Lisbone two of the chiefest of the Court to wit Iackes Allmod and Iackes Lopes with full power to punish the Malefactors of such cruelty where publiquely there was executed a great number of the seditious popular and the Priests that moved them to the sedition were first put off their charge then hanged then burnt the Iudges and Magistrates that were â—loathfull to suppresse that popular rage and fury were some deprived of their estates and condemned to great pennance and the Towne it selfe was deprived of their priviledges and honours I pray God to keepe my country from the like Who pleaseth to reade the story it is much worth and of great observance for any good Christian. Another notable story of the like we have in the beginning of the Reigne of Charles the fift successor to Ferdinand King of Spaine and Sicil in whom did faile the race of the Kings of Aragon the people being moved by a Monke continued long in seditions one after another till God did remove it at last and since they lived peaceable To conclude then this point it is a vaine thing to be a follower of the popular sort for none is the better for their praise nor the worse for their blame And therefore Plutarch said well that one man could not be master and servant of the people otherwise perforce it behooveth him to fall into inconveniencie as we reade in the fable written of the serpent the taile whereof came one day to quarrell the head saying he would goe his day about foremost and not goe alwayes behinde which being granted unto him by the head he found it worst himselfe not knowing how or where to goe and became the cause that the head was all spoyl'd and rent being compelled against nature to follow a part without sight or hearing to leade it The same we have seene happen unto those who in the Government of the publique would do all things to please the multitude and being once tied to that yoake of slavery in all things to will and agree with the common and lower sort that oftimes are rashly moved and without reason howsoever they cannot thereafter come off and retire hinder or stay the fury and rashnesse of the people And therefore the great servant of God Moses did properly comprehend in the blessings promised unto the Israelites their obedience to Gods lawes that the Lord might establish them in the first ranke a head in briefe that they should be as Masters and should not be subject Reade Deut. 28. The twelfth Dutie discharged of our expedition by water to Aickilfourd in Holsten and of the intaking of it THe eleaventh of Aprill 1628 we got orders to ship againe and being shipped we sayl'd along the coast of Holsten till we arrived before Aickilfourd where lay a Garrison of the Emperialists being five hundred strong halfe Dragoniers and halfe foote souldiers having anchored while we were providing for our landing the Towne being no strength the Dragoniers marched away leaving the Captaine of foote to defend the place who had a Skonce without the Towne with a running line from the Skonce to the Port of the Towne and thinking us to be but a weake flying party that durst not remaine long on the land seeing the enemy lay strong of horse and foote neere by he resolved as his best to defend the Skonce without whereunto he drew his strength his Majesty commanded us to land our forces and to storme the Skonce he staying a shipboard looking on us we land in all haste being allmost two thousand foote of severall Nations English Scots Dutch and French all about equall strâ—ngth we threw dice for the Avangaâ—d who should fall on first concluding those threw most should have the leading and so successively to second one another having throwne sixes the honour of the Avangarde or leading fell on me and mine the English falling next unto us having put our selves in order and dealt out Amunition recommending the successe to the Lord by our preacher Mr. William Forbesse companion of our dangers and having directed Ensigne Allane to recognosse or spie the best advantage being retired I commanded Captaine Lievetenant Carre with fifty musketiers to a broken house that flancked on the Skonce giving him orders to give fire from thence on their backs as we marched to them in front and in case of their retreate to the Towne to cut off their passage or at least to march in with them Thus done I gave charge to my musketiers that no man should give fire till I commanded but to follow their Leaders still in good order The ground we were to advance on to the Skonce was plaine as pavement the Skonce not being high our resolution was to storme without giving fire and as we advanced those of the Skonce did give three severall salvees of musket thundring amoâ—gst us whereof some felt the smart and Captaine Mac-kenyee was favourably shot in the legge and I more favourably in the hilt of my sword which afterwards I gave to Mac-kenyee The most hurt was done to the English marching after us led then by Captaine Chamberlaine a worthy and a valorous gentleman In this time we were advanceing our musketiers commanded by Carre giving fire on their flancks many were hurt and the Captaine shot in the Arme seeing us give no fire but marching hard to storme he quit the Skonce and retired to the Towne and enters the Port before us shutting us out and leaving a few hurt men behind him we brake downe the Stacket and the Towne not walled we entred the broade side and follow the enemy to the market-place thinking he would fight us there But he retired into the Church and shutting the doores defends the Church shooting out he did us great hurt our Souldiers not having forgoâ—ten their cruelty used at Bredenberg resolved to give no quarters and with a huge great ladder and the force of men we ran-forced the doore and entred I thinking to get the Officers prisoners entred withall but could not finde them incontinent perceiving a great quantity of powder spread a thwart the Church
him die contracted such griefe for his death that she threw herselfe into the grave with her husband where she died and lay with him This wish I hope cannot be taken in ill part by the vertuous Ladies that are like Cornelia but I feare there is none such at all To conclude then this point of my observation in my judgment no women are more faithfull more chast more loving more obedient nor more devout then Souldiers wives as daily experience doth witnesse and none have more reason to be so then some of them whose husbands doe daily undergoe all dangers of body for their sakes not fearing death it selfe to â—elieve and keepe them from dangers To th' end you may see that the noble parts and vertues before mentioned are not proper alone unto the Feminine sex I will here inferre some notable examples of the good will love and faithfullnesse of husbands to their wives especially Souldiers whereof amongst many for the present I will to content the Reader mention two or three that are notable whereof one happened at this time in our warfare worthy to be recorded of that noble valorous pious and worthy Cavalier the Felt-marshall Gustave Horne the Peste having entred his lodging and taken away two of his Children seazed on his vertuous Lady daughter to the Chancellor of Sweden the Cavaliers love was so great that in the extremity of her sicknesse he never suffered her to be out of his armes till she died and then caused her to be put in a Silver Coffin that she might be transported for her country to be buried amongst her friends and his love was so great unto her that after her death though a young man he could never be moved to leade his life with any other woman Another example we reade in the story written by Pliâ—ie Valerius Maximus that is very notable to this purpose Sempronius Gracchus finding two serpents coming out of his bed enquired of Theologues what might that accident presage they answered that if he killed the she serpent his wife should die and if he killed the he serpent he should die himselfe he loved his wife Cornelia so dearely that he commanded to kill the he serpent and shortly after he himselfe died Also that which we reade of Meleager sonne to Danneus is notable who would not rise out of his chaire for the reliefe of the Towne he was in for his father mother brethren or sisters all crying and calling for his helpe who nothing cared for their ruine but how soone Cleopatra his wife came to him desiring his helpe and telling him the enemy was alreadie entred the Towne and was setting the houses on fire this stony-hearted man who before could be moved by nothing at the desire of his wife went to Armes against the enemy and repulsing them backe saved the Towne from wracke and ruine and the Citizens from death for this Meleager as all honest men ought to doe esteemed his wife and himselfe but one so that he could deny her nothing Here it may be some will alleage he was Iohn Thomsons man I answer it was all one if shee was good for all stories esteeme them happie that can live together man and wife without contention strife or jarres and so doe I. And in my opinion no wife can be ill that wants the gall for the gall in the body is the seate of choler from which the love of man and wife should be free and as of gall so of despite of anger and of bitternesse The eight Dutie discharged of our March to Francford on the Oder and the intaking of it the third of Aprill 1631. THE twenty-fourth of March 1631. his Majestie having disposed of his Armie in putting them in good Order of Briggaddes horse and foote through he severall occasions and accidents happening in warre his Majestie before his march finding the enemy lay strong in the Silesian and at Lansberg lest he might fall downe unto Pomeren and Marke to disturbe the new forces that were expected to come from Spruce and from Scotland his Majestie directed Feltmarshall Horne with a part of his Horse that crost the bridge at Swede unto Pomeren and the Wart to collect the forces there for to be fured and led towards the Wart and Lansberg to give the enemy somewhat to thinke on while as his Majestie might march with the rest of the Armie consisting then of ten thousand foote and horse towards Francford where under the command of the Feltmarshall Tuffenback and the Grave Fon-Schonberg Governour of Francford on the Oder there were drawne together of the Emperialists neere nine thousand foote and horse Generall Tilly with this maine Armie then lying at Rapin after his returne from Brandenburg with two and twentie thousand foote and horse his Majestie then not being sure neither of his brother in law the Duke of Brandenburg nor yet of the Duke of Saxon though the League was ended with the King of France his Majesties affaires thus standing doubtfull we marched towards Francford with a resolution to prie into the enemies designes more than any wayes resolved for a beleaguering having such strong enemies and Armies about us without assurance of our pretended friends and confederates yet having continued our march till within a mile of Francford our enemies retiring out of all quarters were come into one body at Francford who having joyned we did heare the enemy was almost as strong within as we were without and he having of us the advantage of the Towne behinde him for his retreate we expected no other thing than that the enemy should come out and offer us Battell Wherefore his Majestie himselfe discharging the dutie of a Generall Major as became him well having sought the ayd and assistance of Sir Iohn Hepburne beginneth to put the Armie horse foote and Artillery in order of Battell the commanded Musketiers as his forlorne hope advanced before the Army having placed plottons of them by fifties to march with his squadrons of horse all being in even front the signe given for advancing Trumpets sounding Drummes beating Colours displayed advanced and flying every Commander directed and appointed on his Command and Station the magnifick and Royall King leads on this Royall Army marching in battell order for halfe a mile as comely as one body could doe with one pace and one measure advancing stopping moving and standing alike till at last coming neere the Towne and finding no Hostile Ranconter made by the enemy we hault standing a while in Battell and then resolved being the enemy durst not meet us in the fields we would presse on the sudden to be Masters of Francford or not at all knowing of the neerenesse of our enemies and of the great strength they had together and seeing we were not sure of the Princes we resolved the taking of time was the best for us and incontinent his Majestie commanded out the most part of his Cavalerie to make a Carracolle behinde us betwixt us and
above all things you are to command them to keepe silence not babling one to another neither in their motions to suffer their Armes to rattle one against another alwayes to take heede to their Leaders that goe before them and to follow them orderly without disturbance keeping and observing their due distance either of Ranckes or Files which may be easily done if they but duely follow their Leaders and have an eye on their right and left fellow Camerades for keeping their Ranckes even in a like Front Likewise they are to observe when they are commanded to turne any where whether it be by Rancks or Files that their faces may by turned to the hand they are commanded to before they sturre to march and then to march alike and when ever they â—ouble Rancks or Files or counter-march they must ever observe to retire to the contrary hand they were commanded to double on if they doubled to the right when they fall off they retire turning to the left hand et contra for avoiding of disorder or hinderance that their Armes would make if they retired to the same hand they were commanded to double or march to In their counter-marches it is also requisit in time of exercise that neither Officer nor Souldier doe presume to command direct or finde fault with the errour but he that commands in chiefe whether he be superiour or inferiour Officer for the time since it is said when many speake few heare Therefore he must command alone suffering no rivall for avoiding of disorder Order therefore of distance being a chiefe point observed in exercising is three fold to wit Open order of Rancks or Files is six foote of distance being betwixt Rancks and Files both alike only requisit to be observed in mustering or while as they stand in danger of Cannon not being in battaile where in battaile order the distance to be observed betwixt Rancks or Files should be three foote where Elbow to Elbow of the side Camerades may joyne where in the open order aforesaid hand to hand can but joyne But in close order used most in conversion or wheeling is shoulder to shoulder and foote to foote firme keeping themselves together for feare to be put asunder by the force of their enemies and then to disorder which is ever to be looked unto chiefely before an enemy Your speech thus ended for your generall directions you begin againe to command silence and to take heed what is commanded to be done saying Height your Musketiers dresse your Rancks and Files to your open order of six foote and take heede To the right hand turne as you were To the left hand turne as you were To the right hand about turne as you were To the left hand about turne as you were To the right hand double your Rancks as you were To the left hand double your Rancks as you were The even Rancks or Files double ever unto the odde and the fourth Rancke is the middle Rancke of six To the right hand double your Files as you were To the left hand double your Files as you were Middle-men or fourth Rancke to the right hand double your Front To the left hand retire as you were Middle-men to the left hand double your Front To the right hand as you were Nota. The sixth Rancke is called bringers up or reare or under Rot-masters Bringers up to the right hand double your Front To the left hand as you were Bringers up to the left hand double your Front To the right hand as you were All that doubled turne first about and then they retire falling behinde those were their Leaders before in the same place or distance This doubling of the bringers up or of middle-men is very requisit in giving a generall salve of Musket and as it is to be observed in rancks that the best men are placed in front reare and middle even so in files every Corporalship being foure files of Musketiers the likeliest are put ever in the right and left files of the foure being also of best experience The doubling of rancks being done and all remitted in good order and to their first distance of open order you are to command and exercise Souldiers in three severall wayes of counter-marching requisit in some respects but in my opinion to be used but seldome except it be in necessity in such parts as the ground will not permit otherwise therefore to avoide disorder Souldiers ought not to be ignorant of any of the three sorts of counter-marching First having commanded the Souldiers to dresse their rancks and files and to carry their Muskets handsomly keeping silence say To the right hand the counter-march without noise or losing of ground To the left hand retire againe to the former ground Then command againe to dresse rancks and files and to right their Armes keeping silence taking heede to what is to be commanded and say To the right hand turne Then the Flancke before being now the Front command To the right hand counter-march and lose no ground To the left hand as you were This is used ordinarily to change one wing of Battaile in place of the other then that the Front may be as it was first before they Countermarcht To the left hand turne dresse your Rankes and Files and be silent Another sort of Countermarch is the Slavonian countermarch where you lose ground the Front being changed also then you command the first Ranke to turne about to the right hand then you say to the rest Countermarch and through to your former distance after your Leaders Then say Leaders as you were and to the rest To the left hand countermarch as you were to your first ground The third sort of countermarch I esteeme most of to be practised being rather a conversion very requisit to be well knowne to all Souldiers in all Armies chiefly to be used before an enemy for as it is most sudden so in my opinion it breeds least disorder and disturbance the Souldiers once used to it of themselves they will willingly doe it on any occasion the body being before in open order or Battaile order say Close the Ranks and Files to your closse order without encumbering one of another every man following right his owne Leader keeping closse to his side man then say To the right hand the quarter turne halfe or whole as the occasion and the ground doth permit and then say Dresse your Armes and follow your Leaders and open againe to your Battaile order Lastly the body of your Musketiers exercised perfectly after this manner for the better bringing of them in exercise and breath that in case any disorder may happen amongst them they may the better afterward be acquainted one with another say to your open order of six foote distances Open both Rankes and Files and set downe your Armes handsomely where you stand then command your Sergeant to goe an hundred paces from the body of your Musketiers and sticke in his Holbert in the ground then
we did this day rejoyces in the calme when it comes and he is said to merit the Crowne that hath fought valiantly It is also very necessary that at such service as this was if we have time that we be carefull to bring off our Camerades bodies killed on service that died honourably before their enemies to be laid in the bed of honour in burying their bodies as becomes Christians We are also tied in duety to our Camerades that were with us in danger if either they be wounded or mutilated to care for their safeties so far as lieth in our power And we must not preferre the safety of our owne bodies to the publique weale of our Camerades and countrimen dead or living but we ought with the hazard of our owne lives to bring off the dead and hurt An example of this duety we have in the person of the President of Chassangue treating of the Iewes law that did command that the bodies of their dead enemies should not lie unburied Caesar caused to be buried the head of his enemy Pompey and wept at his death as Valerius Maximus reports in his fift booke and sixt Chapter Hercules is thought to have bin the first that ordained to bury the bodies of those killed on service and David calls them blessed that were so thankefull as to have buried Saul Indas Macchabie did cause to bury the bodies of the enemy killed in battaile and Alexander restored unto the mother of Darius the dead bodie of her sonne Hanniball did burie the body of his enemy Marcellus as Valerius affirmes It is also expedient for the common-weale that the bodies of the dead be buried and Leonard Darez reports that Cyrus Alexander and Caesar did recommend their funeralls to their friends as Lievetenant Rosse did his to his Captaine and me which we performed in the best manner we could for the time If Pagans had such regard to their burialls Christians should be more carefull whose bodies sometimes were the receptacles of the holy Spirit and of the immortall soule created to Gods owne Image Here also I would report the commandement that we reade in the second chapter verse 23. of the fourth booke of Esdras Where thou findest the dead put them in the grave with a certaine marke and I will give thee the first seate in my resurrection and the wise Ancients said men should looke unto the end My exhortation then is to all my worthy countrimen and women that were interessed in our losses in this dayes service to consider that when these gentlemen and Cavaliers were borne that they were marked and ordained to die honourably fighting in the good cause and for the liberty of our Kings daughter the Queene of Bohemia and her distressed Royall Issue under the magnanimous King of Denmarke our Master who for her Majesties libertie did hazard not onely his life but his crowne let them then that are interessed as said is in this our losse consider againe that they died with great honour and reputation seeing they live eternally in their fame having laid downe their lives as servants of the publique if not for their country yet at least as cannot be denied for the liberty of their Kings Royall Issue It then became them well to have died standing Therefore those mothers friends or Sisters are to be condemned that mourne for them that live after their death in their fame and though their griefe be great let them shed no teares for feare it become of them as became of that Ancient woman called Vicia mother to Futius Geminus who was killed at Rome for having wept at the death of her sonne that had lost his life in the publique service as reporteth Tacitus in his 6 booke of his Annals and our Saviour in the Evangelist Saint Luke doth forbid the widdow to weepe for her sonne that was dead and St. Paul writing to the Thessalonians saith Brethren I would not have you ignorant of the estate of those that are asleepe to the end you do not over-mourne as those do that are without hope Therefore let us forbeare all teares for those departed and if we should mourne let us mourne with teares even those most pretious teares for sinne these are the Christian teares that should be shed from our hearts to reconcile us unto God those teares are as the bloud of the soule hurt and wounded with the sense and feeling of our sinnes before God these are the teares that drawe Gods mercy upon us as David cried unto God in the 36 Psalme Thou hast counted my wanderings and put my teares in thy bottle are they not in thy Register Therefore though we be grieved at the losse of our friends and at the losse of the day Yet ô God make us thankfull unto thee for our deliverance that we may rejoyce at our owne safety The seventh Dutie discharged of our Retreat from Owldenburg unto Assens in Denmarke by Sea HAving thus past the day at Owldenburg the night the friend of Cowards coming on what we durst not have done by day being favoured by the mooneshine when all were wearied with hot service and toyle in the day begun to take rest and refreshment by their fires in the Leager all Guards relieved and centries set out being all of us after a great storme in a quiet calme we begin to take our retreat to the water our Generall being full of feare and suspition goes before and our Colonell also we follow having the avant-Guard according to our Orders for going a ship-board which orders were willingly obeyed perceiving the danger was to follow and in consideration that long before the Lievetenant Colonell Sr. Patrick Mac-Gey and Captaine Forbesse being hurt had retired for their safeties towards the Isle of Feamor and from thence to Denmark to be cured I supplying the place of the Major our Regiment orderly retiring from the enemy Captaine Mac-Kenyee and my brother Obstell who before were companions in the day of danger in the night did march together leading off the Regiment to be secured and I bringing up the Reare accompanied with some other Officers we had no doubt of our safe retreate the whole army being behind us made us halte the oftner taking paines to bring up our hurt and sicke men we marched but softly Py a Pyano at last by ten a clocke of the night we arrived on the shore and drew up in battell attending the Colonells command for shipping who had gone himselfe unto the Roade amongst the ships to provide shipping but could get no obedience the feare was so great amongst the marriners having heard the roaring and thundring of cannon and muskets in the day feare so possest them all that they lacked hands to worke and hearts to obey and the Colonell coming a shore without bringing of ships to receive us we made use of the time our Camerades the horsemen having come before us who ever begin confusion were without orders forcing ships to take in their horses and
have seene a Battaile fought in the Fields in such a quarrell being led by such a magnanimous King of Heroick spirit that had much more on hazard that day than I had who had onely to hazard but my life and credit while as he a King was to hazard his life his Crowne his reputation and all for strangers Having thus the night before meditated I found a motion rejoycing my heart in making mee resolute to sight in this Cause being tied in dutie not onely for my person but also tied to give Counsaile and direction as the Lord did enable mee by giving instruction good heartning and good example to others who were bound to follow mee as I was bound to follow my Master the King seeing the Lord by his providence had brought mee thither with a number of my friends to follow and obey him as they were bound by oath to obey mee And then I thought with my selfe after I had awaked from sleepe going on to march that my life was much like a tale and that we should not care how long this life of ours should last but that wee should bee carefull how well our life should bee acted for it is no matter where wee end if wee end well and we should not aske when or where but we ought to bee ever mindfull how wee are prepared going to fight Nature did beget us miserable we live over-burthened with cares and like a flower wee vanish soone away and dye Our hunting then here and our care should bee onely for a perpetuall good name to leave behind us that so being absent wee are present and being dead wee live The sixteenth Duty discharged on our Fight at Leipsigh AS the Larke begunne to peepe the seventh of September 1631. having stood all night in battaile a mile from Tillies Armie in the morning the Trumpets sound to horse the Drummes calling to March being at our Armes and in readinesse having before meditated in the â—ight and resolved with our Consciences we begunne the morning with offering our soules and bodies as living Sacrifices unto God with Confession of our sinnes lifting up our hearts and hands to Heaven we begged for reconciliation in Christ by our publique prayers and secret sighes and groanes recommending our selves the successe and event of the day unto God our Father in Christ which done by us all we marched forwards in Gods name a little and then halted againe till the whole Armie both the Dukes and Ours were put in good Order our Armie marching on the right hand and the Dukes on the left our commanded Musketeres marching in the Van-Guarde being in one bodie before the Armie consisting of three Regiments whereof two of Scotts and one Dutch all Musketieres led by three Scotts Colonels men of valour and courage fit for the Commaund concredited unto them being made choice of as men that could fight Exemplarie to others viz. Sir Iames Ramsey called the Blacke Sir Iohn Hamilton and Robert Monro Baron of Fowles we marched thus both the Armies in Battaile Horse foote and Artillerie till about nine of the Clocke in the morning wee halted halfe a mile distant from the Emperiall Armie that were attending us in Battaile consisting of fortie foure thousand men horse and foote our Armie consisting of thirtie thousand men whereof to my judgement His Majesties Armie were eight thousand foote and seven thousand horse The Duke also would be eleven thousand foote and foure thousand horse having refreshed ourselves with victuals leaving our Coaches behind us The whole Armie did get greene Branches on their heads and the word was given God with us a little short speech made by His Majestie being in order of Battaile we marched towards the enemie who had taken the advantage of the ground having placed his Armie on a place called Gods Acre where their Generall did make choice of the ground most advantagious for his foote Artillerie and horses he also did beset the Dorpes that invironed the ground which was left for us with Dragoniers and Crabbats to incomber our wings by their evill Neighbourhood yet notwithstanding of all the advantages hee had of Ground Wind and Sunne our magnanimous King and Leader under God inferiour to no Generall we ever reade of for wisedome courage dexteritie and good Conduct he was not dejected but with magnanimitie and Christian resolution having recommended himselfe his Armie and successe to God the Director of men and Angells able to give victory with few against many He ordered his Armie and directed every supreame Officer of the Field on their particular charge and stations committed unto them for that day As also he acquainted them severally of the forme he was to fight unto and he appointed Plottons of Musketiers by fifties which were commanded by sufficient Officers to attend on severall Regiments of horse and he instructed the Officers how to behave themselves in discharging their duties on service Likewise he directed the Officers belonging to the Artillery how to carry themselves which orderly done the commanded Musketiers were directed to their stand where to fight his Majestie then led up the foure Briggads of foote which were appointed to be the Battaile of the Armie with a distance betwixt every Briggad that a Regiment of horse might march out in grosse betwixt the Briggads all foure being in one front having their Ordnance planted before every Briggad being foure pieces of great Cannon and eight small whereof foure stood before the Colours that were the Battaile of the Briggad with Amunition and Constables to attend them on the right hand Pikes before the Colours were the other foure pieces of Cannon with Amunition and Constables conforme and on the left wing of Pikes and Colours were placed the other foure pieces of Cannon as we said before Behinde these foure Briggads were drawne up the three Briggads of Reserve with their Artillery before them standing at a proportionable distance behinde the other foure Briggads with the like distance betwixt them as was betwixt the Briggads of the Battaile The Briggads of horse which had Plottons of Musketiers to attend them were placed on the right and left wings of the foote and some were placed betwixt the Battaile of foote and the Reserve to second the foote as neede were other Briggads of horse were drawne up behinde the Reserve of the foote Briggads The Felt-marshall Horne Generall Banier and Lievetenant Generall Bawtish were commanded to over-see the Horsemen his Majestie the Baron Tyvell and Grave Neles were to command the Battaile of foote Sir Iames Ramsey as eldest Colonell had the command of the fore-Troopes or commanded Musketiers and Sir Iohn Hepburne as eldest Colonell commanded the three Briggads of Reserve Our Armie thus ordered the Duke of Saxon and his Feltmarshall Arnhem having ordered their Armie whereof I was not particâ—larly inquisitive of the manner they were ordained to draw up on our left hand and being both in one front thus ordered we marched in Battaile a little and
then halted againe till his Majestie had commanded out some commanded Horsemen on the wings of the Armie a large distance from the body to scoure the fields of the Crabbats we marched againe in order of Battaile with Trumpets sounding Drummes beating and Colours advanced and flying till we came within reach of Cannon to our enemies Armie then the magnifick and magnanimous Gustavus the Invincible leads up the Briggads of horse one after another to their ground with their Plottons of shot to attend them As also he led up the Briggads of foote one after another to their ground during which time we were drawne up according to our former plot the enemy was thundering amongst us with the noise and roaring whisling and flying of Cannon-Bullets where you may imagine the hurt was great the sound of such musick being scarce worth the hearing though martiall I confesse yet if you can have so much patience with farre lesse danger to reade this dutie to an end you shall finde the musicke well paide but with such Coyne that the players would not stay for a world to receive the last of it being over-joyed in their flying By twelve of the Clock on wednesday the seventh of September in despight of the fury of the enemies Cannon and of his advantages taken they were drawne up in even front with the enemy and then our Cannon begun to roare great and small paying the enemy with the like coyne which thundering continued alike on both sides for two houres and an halfe during which time our Battailes of horse and foote stood firme like a wall the Cannon now and then making great breaches amongst us which was diligently looked unto on all hands by the diligence of Officers in filling up the voide parts and in setting aside of the wounded towards Chirurgians every Officer standing firme over-seeing their Commands in their owne stations succeeding one another as occasion offered By halfe three our Cannon a little ceasing the Horsemen on both wings charged furiously one another our Horsemen with a resolution abiding unloosing a Pistoll till the enemy had discharged first and then at a neere distance our Musketiers meeting them with a Salve then our horsemen discharged their Pistolls and then charged through them with swords and at their returne the Musketiers were ready againe to give the second Salve of Musket amongst them the enemy thus valiantly resisted by our Horsemen and cruelly plagued by our Plottons of Musketiers you may imagine how soone he would be discouraged after charging twice in this manner and repulsed Our Horsemen of the right wing of Finnes and Haggapells led by the valourous Feltmarshall Horne finding the enemies Horsemen out of Order with resolution he charged the enemies left wing forcing them to retire disorderly on their battailes of foote which caused disorder among the foote who were forced then to fall to the right hand our Horsemen retiring his Majestie seeing the enemy in disorder played with Ordnance amongst them during which time the force of the enemies Battailes falls on the Duke of Saxon charging with Horse first in the middest of the Battailes and then the foote giving two Salves of Musket amongst them they were put to the Rout horse and foote and the enemy following them cryed Victoria as if the day had beene wonne triumphing before the victory But our Horsemen charging the remnant of their horse and foote where their Generall stood they were made to retire in disorder to the other hand towards Leipsigh our Armie of foote standing firme not having loosed one Musket the smoake being great by the rising of the dust for a long time we were not able to see about us but being cleared up we did see on the left hand of our reserve two great Battailes of foote which we imagined to have beene Saxons that were forced to give ground having heard the service though not seene it we found they were enemies being a great deale neerer than the Saxons were His Majestie having sent Baron Tyvell to know the certaintie coming before our Briggad I certified him they were enemies and he returning towards his Majestie was shot dead his Majestie coming by gave direction to Colonell Hepburne to cause the Briggads on his right and left wing to wheele and then to charge the enemy the Orders given his Majestie retired promising to bring succours unto us The enemies Battaile standing firme looking on us at a neere distance and seeing the other Briggads and ours wheeleing about making front unto them they were prepared with a firme resolution to receive us with a salve of Cannon and Muskets but our small Ordinance being twice discharged amongst them and before we stirred we charged them with a salve of muskets which was repaied and incontinent our Briggad advancing unto them with push of pike putting one of their battailes in disorder fell on the execution so that they were put to the route I having commanded the right wing of our musketiers being my Lord of Rhees and Lumsdells we advanced on the other body of the enemies which defended their Cannon and beating them from their Cannon we were masters of their Cannon and consequently of the field but the smoake being great the dust being raised we were as in a darke cloude not seeing the halfe of our actions much lesse discerning either the way of our enemies or yet the rest of our Briggads whereupon having a drummer by me I caused him beate the Scots march till it cleered up which recollected our friends unto us and dispersed our enemies being overcome so that the Briggad coming together such as were alive missed their dead and hurt Camerades Colonell Lumsdell was hurt at the first and Lievetenant Colonell Musten also with divers oâ—her Ensignes were hurt and killed and sundry Colours were missing for that night which were found the next day The enemy thus fled our horsemen were pursuing hard till it was darke and the blew Briggad and the commanded musketiers were sent by his Majesty to helpe us but before their coming the victory and the credit of the day as being last ingaged was ascribed to our Briggad being the reserve were thanked by his Majesty for their service in publique audience and in view of the whole Army we were promised to be rewarded The Battaile thus happily wonne his Majesty did principally under God ascribe the glory of the victory to the Sweds and Fynnes horsemen who were led by the valorous Felt-marshall Gustavus Horne For though the Dutch horsemen did behave themselves valorously divers times that day yet it was not their fortune to have done the charge which did put the enemy to flight and though there were brave Briggads of Sweds and Dutch in the field yet it was the Scots Briggads fortune to have gotten the praise for the foote service and not without cause having behaved themselves well being led and conducted by an expert Cavalier and fortunat the valiant Hepburne being followed by Colonell Lumsdell Lievetenant