AN ABRIDGMENT OF Military Discipline For the Use of His Majesties Forces in the Kingdom of Scotland By His Majesties special Command I R HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE EDINBVRGH Printed by the Heir of Andrew Anderson Printer to His most Sacred Majesty Anno Dom. 1686. WHITEHALL April 30. 1686. THis is the Book of Exercise Ordered to be Printed as the Rule for Exercising His Majesties Forces in His Ancient Kingdom of Scotland MELFORT AN ABRIDGMENT OF Military Discipline For the use of His Majesties Forces in the Kingdom of Scotland WHen a Regiment or several Companies are Commanded to draw out It is necessary that the Major and Adjutant or at least the Adjutant be there to give each Company its due Post The eldest on the Right the second on the Left so till the Youngest come into the Center And all Companies and Bodies of Men are to draw up at first at the same Order they march at both in Rank and File the single Companies observing to leave room for the Sargeants and Drums to stand on the Right and Left of each Company Before you form your Battalions remember always to draw out the odd Men from every Company Forming a Rank in Opposition at Fifty Paces distance from the Head of each Company thereby to have no broken Files which is much the better and quicker way to compleat your Files then after your Battalions are formed When your Companies are thus disposed the most ready way to Form a Battalion is by these words of Command Have a care to Form the Battalion Musketiers to the Right and Left outwards Pikes to the Right and Left inwards March interchanging Ground When Pikes and Musketiers Interchange Ground the first Rank of Pikes pass before the first Rank of Musketiers And it is always to be observed That after any Command for moving no Man stir before the Word of Command March be given thereby to make them all move together When they have thus changed Ground they are not to Face to their Leaders till the word of Command be so given At which time they are then in Battalia but at close Order in File And now it is to be observed that the Officers are no more limited to their particular Companies but are all concerned in the whole He that Commands is to see how many Sargeants there are present and dispose of them in this following manner Viz. If a Battalion consist of Eight or Ten Companies or more And the Companies have each Two Sargeants and Three Corporals who are designed to do Sargeants Duty It is necessary to place two on each Rank to the Right and Left and the rest in the Rear But if the number of Sargeants be fewer then there can be but one to each Rank on the Right and Left The remainder always to be in the Rear making a Rank parallel to the Souldiers at Three Paces distance from the last Rank The Sargeants being placed in this manner The Drums are to be disposed of one half on the Right and the other on the Left Ranging directly with the first Rank of the Souldiers unless there be many Drums and the Ground Streight And then they are to be formed into Two Ranks on the Right and Left to range with the Two first Ranks of the Souldiers And they are always to have their Drums slung unless Commanded to the contrary The Hoboys to be on the Right of the Drums which are on the Right of the Battalion ranged in the same Rank with them The Commission-Officers are to take their Posts at the head of the Battalion as the Colours are drawn But the more particular placing of the Officers will be directed hereafter Now it is to be observed That though the Files are still at their close Order the Ranks are to have their Distance of Twelve large Feet which the Sargeants are to be very diligent and active to see kept very even The Officer in Chief is to place himself before the Center of the Pikes about forty Paces from them the better to observe what is done And that he may be more easily understood by the whole Body He is to be on Horse-back The Words of Command are to be given leisurely that the Soldiers may have time to perform the Exercise without confusion And above all Silence is to be kept very strictly And the first Word of Command before you begin the Exercise is Silence When every thing is thus disposed The next Word of Command is Files Open to the Right 〈…〉 Leâ—t to your Order March At which Word every individual man turns to the Hand named and after a little pause tâ—â— Sergeants on the Flank lead tâ—â— Ranks which are theâ— Files directly forward as slow as posâ—ble by the least Steps they 〈◊〉 make with thier Halberts Aâ—vanced the Iron upwards observing always for a Rule To mind the Front that is If they move to the Right every man is to observe his Left hand man And if they move to the Left his Right hand man Assoon as the last man but one of the first Rank stirs his Foot They are to be commanded all to Halt And no man is to stir after that Word In this manner of Opening of Files no man is to stir till his â—eader be Four foot from him â—nd then to move and keep at â—hat Distance which will make â—hem Three foot distance from â—ach other when Faced to the Proper Front Assoon as they are commanded to Halt The next VVord of Command is To your Leader The Captains and Lieutenants are to carry their Pikes Comported always when they move to the Right or Left and the Colours to be Advanced The Sargeants are to be very mindful to keep the Ranks even and at Twelve large feet distance and the Files at Three And for the better keeping Files streight after they are Opened to their Order every man is to look to his Right and Left hand man and to see that he has an equal distance from both especially the File leaders by whom all the rest are governed The next thing is to Draw the Officers from the Front of the Battalion to the Rere which is done by these VVords of Command Have a Care of the Exercise At which VVord of Command the Musketiers are to pull off their Right hand Gloves and put them under their Girdles Officers take your Posts of Exercise in the Rere March VVhich is to be done by the Officers Facing to the Right about The Captains marching at a good round pace in one Rank and the Lieutenants and Colours in another Two paces behind the Captains who as well as the Lieutenants are to carry their Pikes Advanced VVhen they are come into the Rere the Lieutenants and Ensigns are to be in one Rank Eight paces from the Sargeants And the Lieutenants and Ensigns Eight The Captains being from the last Rank of Soldiers Thirteen paces and the Lieutenants and Colours Eleven At the same VVord of Command or
Right and Left double your Files to the Right and Left inwards March Rear half-files of Musketiers to the Left-hand double your Front March Files close all to the Right to your close Order March To your Leader Pikes Face square Pikes close forward every way to close Order March Pikes to your proper Front Left Wing of Musketiers To the Right about Both Wings of Musketieâ— March. Halt Musketiers face to the 〈◊〉 March Halt Face to your proper Frâ—â— all Officers and Sargeaâ—â— take your Posts March Granadiers take your Posâ— in the Angles March Face Square Musketiers make ready At which word Command the 〈◊〉 are to Port â—â—low and to coâ—â—nue so and 〈◊〉 Charge wheâ— Musketiers Prâ—â— First Rank kneel Which they must do so low hold their Muskets so that the two last Ranks may Fire over them The two last Ranks Present Fire Recover your Arms. At which word of Command the first Rank stands up with their Muskets Recovered streight before them ready Cockt and Guarded and the two Ranks that have Fired Load again Front Rank Present Fire Recover your Arms. At which Word of Command the Pikeman Recover their Pikes from their Port. To your Leader March Halt Face Square c. After which Method they 〈◊〉 be made to March them and 〈◊〉 to every Front the Soldiers alwâ— observing that Facing to tâ—â— Leader is to face that 〈◊〉 wherever the Commander 〈◊〉 Chief is but to face to the pâ—per Front is onely that way 〈◊〉 Front of the Bastalion propâ—â— stood before this figure 〈◊〉 formed Reduction of the Hollow Square They being all faced to the proper Front the Words of Command are as follow Granadiers take your Posts on the Right of the Battalion March The Right and Left of each Wing of Musketiers Face to the Right and Left outwards March Halt The Three Files of Pikes of the Right and Left that doubled As you were March Musketiers Face to the Right March Halt To your Leader Rear half-files of Musketiers that doubled To the Right about as you were March Ranks open backward to twelve Foot March Colours Drums and Hoboys to your former Posts March Files close to the Right to close Order March To your Leader Directions how to Form the Hollow Square The Battalion being Drawn up the Muskets Shouldered and the Pikes Advanced you must first of all Command the Colours Drums and Ho boys to the Center of the Pikes Which done you are to make the Ranks close forward to Three large feet distance Then you must make the three outwardmost Files of Pikes on the Right and Left to double into the three Files of Pikes on the Right and Left to double into the three Files of Pikes which are next them on their Right and Left After which you are to make the Rear half-files of Musketiers to double their front either to the Right or Left which being done you must make all the Body close their Files to close Order and after having faced them again to the Proper Front you are to make the Pikes face Square and close forward to close Order as they then are faced every way which done you must make the Pikeâ— face again to their Proper Fromâ— Then you Command the Leâ—â— Wing of Shot to face to the Right about which being done both Wings of Shot are to March till clear of the Front and Rear of Pikes After you have made the Musketiers to Halt both VVings are to face to the Left and are to be led by the Sargeants cross the Front and Rear of Pikes That is to say the Right VVing of Shot to be led as near the Pikes as they can March round till the Head of the Shot comes even with the Left Rear Angle of the Pikes and the Left VVing of Shot is to be led in like manner round the Rear of the Pikes till the Head of the Shot comes even with the Right Front Angle of the Pikes Then you must command them all to Face to the proper Front The Officers are to move with the Musketiers as they move by which they will naturally fall into the Posts where they are to be viz. The Lieutenants divided equally into the Four Angles as also the Sargeants The Captains are to be divided in the following Manner First Captain To the proper Front Second Captain To the Rear Third Captain To the Right Flank Fourth Captain To the Left Front Angle Fifth Captain To the Right Front Angle Sixth Captain To the Left Front Angle Seventh Captain To the Left Rear Angle Eighth Captain To the Right Rear Angle The Officers are to take Care that every Front of Soldiers do their Duty and the Captains that are in the Center of each Front are to retire into the first Rank when the Musketiers Make ready and are to kneel when the Soldiers kneel and to perform the same with their Pikes that the Pikemen do When you have done this you place your Company of Granadiers being divided into four equal parts in the four Angles and if there be not room enough for them to stand in the Angles without you must take some of the Files and place them within the Angles with their Daggers in their Firelocks keeping the rest on the Angles without Three deep The two last Ranks of which are to Fire with the Musketiers The Front Rank making ready their Granado's assoon as ever the Two last Ranks have fired they are to put their Daggers into their Firelocks and stand Charged and when the first Rank of Musketiers Present the first Rank of Granadiers are to deliver their Granado's and assoon as done they are to unsling their Firelocks and put in their Daggers and stand charged as the rest When you give the Command to Face square the Musketiers on the Right and Left are to Face outwards and those in the Rear to Face to the Right about The Three outwardmost Files of Pikes on the Right and Left are to Face outwards and the Rear half Files of the rest of the Pikes are to Face to the Right about Those men that are in the Angles are to Face towards the Points of the Angles the Musketiers must close backwards as near to the Pikes as they can with convenience to use their Arms that the Pikes may reach the farther over them The Ensigns are to keep their Colours Advanced and Flying which are to be Posted within the Square after this Method If there be Ten Colours The three Colours on the Right are to be against the proper Front of the Battalion The two Colours next to them are to be against the Right Flank The two Colours next to them are to be against the Left Flank and the Three next to them are to be against the Rear and they are all to Face as the Boby Faces and to March as they do The Drums and Ho-boys are to divide themselves equally to make as much room as they can within the Square The Musketiers being commanded to Make
Signal for the Officers to take their Posts of Exercise in the Rere Six Sergeants of those that are Posted in the Rere are to March through the Intervals of the Files into the Front and Post themselves Forty six paces from the first Rank of Soldiers that is Six paces advanced before the Commander in Chief where they are to Range themselves so as to make a parallel Line with the Battalion and to keep the Front clear and undisturbed And at the same Word of Command the Pikemen are to joyn their Left hands to their pikes even with their Shoulders Now the Musketiers being Shouldered and the Pikes Advanced Silence being Commanded and none to Speak but the Officer in Chief He is to proceed as followeth Order your Pikes To the Right To the Right To the Right To the Right To the Right about As you were To the Left To the Left To the Left To the Left To the Left about As you were Exercise of the Fire-Lock Musketiers Have a Care to the Exercise and carry your Arms well Lay your Right hands on your Muskets Poize your Muskets Rest your Muskets Cock your Muskets Guard your Muskets Present Fire Recover your Arms. Half-bend your Muskets Clean your Pans Handle your Primers Prime Shut your Pans Blow off your loose Corns Cast about to Charge Handle your Chargers Open them with your Teeth Charge with Powder Draw forth your Scowrers Shorten them to an Inch. Charge with Bullet Ram down Powder and Ball. Withdraw your Scowrers Shorten them to a handfull Return your Scowrer Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Poise your Muskets Order your Muskets Pikemen take heed Advance your Pikes To the Front Charge To the Right Charge To the Right Charge To the Right Charge To the Right Charge To the Right about Charge As you were Charge To the Left Charge To the Left Charge To the Left Charge To the Left Charge To the Left about Charge As you were Charge Advance your Pikes Shoulder your Pikes Charge to the Front As you were Charge to the Right As you were Charge to the Right about As you were Charge to the Left As you were Charge to the Left about As you were Port. Comport Charge to the Front Trail Charge as you were Advance your Pikes Musketiers take heed Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Musketiers make ready At which time the Musketiers are to perform distinctly every Posture of the Musket together and being ready which is understood to be Cockt they are to guard them with their Thumb on the Cocks and to bring up their Muskets streight before them their left hands the height of their mouths And the Pikemen at the same Word of Command Make ready are to bring their Pikes streight before them also to the Recover their left hands the height of their mouths Both Pikemen and Musketiers alway observing whenever they Recover their Arms before them tâ— bring their right heels to their leâ—â— insteps And when the Pikeâ— Charge and the Muskets Rest tâ— fall back with their right feet in 〈◊〉 direct Line The Pikemen and Musketiers are to take care to bring down their Pikes and Muskâ—ets together very quick especially the Pikes with a jerk as iâ— they were to strike with them Observing to bring the Pikes down at a convenient distance from one anothers breasts to prevent clattering and to close them to their breasts after they are Charged They must also observe to bring them up streight before them as quick before they turn which keeps the Arms from clashing one against anoâ—her In all Facings the Soldiers must keep their Left Heels very firm and fixed Charge To the Right Charge To the Right Charge To the Right Charge To the Right Charge To the Right about Charge As you were Charge To the Left Charge To the Left Charge To the Left Charge To the Left Charge To the Left about Charge As you were Charge Recover your Arms. Half-bend your Muskets Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets At which time the Pikemâ— are to bring their Pikes from â—ing Recovered before themâ— their Right Thighs to their Aâ—vance Poise your Muskets At which word of Commaâ—â— the Pikmen are to joyn thâ— Left Hands to their Pikes evâ—â— with their Shoulders Order your Arms. Pikes to your inside Ordeâ— Lay down your Arms. Quit your Arms. To the Right about March When they are Clear of thâ— Officers in the Rere they are to disperse and at the Beat of Druâ—â— to draw their Swords and run to their Arms with an Huzza observing to keep the points of their Swords upright Return your Swords Handle your Arms. Order your Arms. Pikes to your Outside Order Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Advance your Pikes Officers take your Posts at the Head of the Battalion March At which time the Officers are to March back in the same Method to the Front of the Battalion as they went from it The Six Sargeants likewise that Advance from the Rere are to return thâ— ther to their Posts Memorandum At any time whatever when the Soldiers have laid down their Arms and quitted them upon Beating the Drums they are all to draw their Swords and run to their Arms with anâ— Huzza Observing always to keep the points of their Swords upright for fear of mischief The Exercise of a Battalion having Match-Lock Muskets The Musketiers being Shouldered and the Pikes Advanced Have a Care of the Exercise At which time the Musketiers are to pull off their Right hand Gloves and put them under their Girdles Officers take your Posts of Exercise in the Rere March At which word of Command the Pikemen are to joyn their Left hands to their Pikes even with the top of their Shoulders Order your Pikes Lay down your Matches To the Right Four times To the Right about As you were To the Left Four timeâ—… To the Left about As you were Lay your Right hands oâ— your Muskets Poise your Muskets Rest your Muskets Handle your Match Blow your Match Cock and try your Matchâ—… Guard your Pans Bringing your Muâ—kets Recovered beforâ— you Blow your Match Present and open your Pans Fire Recover your Arms. Return your Match Clean your Pans Handle your Primers Prime Shut your Pans Blow off your loose Corns Cast about to Charge Handle your Chargers Open them with your teeth Charge with Powder Draw forth your Scowrers Shorten them to an Inch. Charge with Bullet Ram down Powder and Ball. Withdraw your Scowrers Shorten them to a handfull Return your Scowrers Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Poise your Muskets Order your Muskets Then followeth the Exercise of the Pike being exactly the same with that before in the Exercise of the Fire-Lock Exercise of the Pike and Match-Lock-Musket together Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Musketiers make ready At which time the Musketiers must leisurely and distinctly perform every Posture of the Musket together and being ready they bring up their Muskets streight before them with their Two
Barrel towards you your left hand always as high as your mouth and with a very quick motion your Thumb on the top of the steel Blow off your Loose Corns Be sure to blow all together at one strong blast bringing your Pan up to your mouth standing upright and not putting your mouth down to your Pan. Cast out your arms after your blast not letting your Muskeâ— sink from the Posture 't was iâ— before Cast about to Charge You advance with your Righâ— Leg turning your Musket thâ— Barrel downwards so bringing iâ— to your Left side a little back warâ— in your Left hand be sure none of your fingers touch the Barrel The Right foot is to have the Toâ— directly to the Front as if yoâ— were to Fence your Right heeâ— being over against the middle of the Left foot ballancing your Muskets in the Left hand the Muzzels directlie to the proper Front half a foot from your bodie all of a height and your Right hand joyned to the Muzzel of your Muskets your Thumb exâ—ended to the side of the Barrel Handle your Charger With a full Grip hold it even with the Muzzel of your Musket about an Inch from it underneath your Musket Open it with your Teeth Bring it up to your Mouth standing upright with your Head and not to bring your Head down to it Assoon as you have done this bring the Charger within an Inch of the Muzzel underneath as before and Cover the Mouth of your Charger with the Ball of your Thumb Charge with Powder When you have put the Powder into the Barrel you hold your Charger again underneath your Musket as before Draw forth your Scowrer You are to let fall your Charger and turn your Hand your little finger next the Muzzle and draw it at Three Motions being drawn dart it That is hold it level the height of your Eye your Arm extended Shorten it to an Inch. Turn the great end of your Scowrer towards you and slip your Hand till without an Inch of the End letting it rest against your Body a little below your Right breast sloped all of a height Charge with Bullet Take the Bullet out of your Mouth putting it into the Barrel and then put the great End of the Scowrer after it just into the Muzzel of the Piece and so stand till the next word of Command Ram down Powder and Ball. With a full Grasp your Thumb and Fore-finger from the Muzzel your Thumb on the top of the Scowrer keeping a handful of the Scowrer in your Hand Withdraw your Scowrer Turn your Hand your Thumbâ— and Fore-finger towards the Muzzel and when your Scowrer is clear which is to be done at Three Motions dart again as before Shorten it to a Handful Turn the small end of your Scowrer to your Breast and slip your Hand till within an Handful of the end of it holding it to your Body a little below your Right breast sloped till the word of Command Return your Scowrer Replace it in the Stock of your Musket pressing it down with your Thumb and then without any word of Command grasp the Muzzel of your Musket with your Right hand your Thumb streight out upon the Scowrer keeping your Musket clear from your side some half a foot the Muzzels all of a height directly to the Front Poise your Musket Bring up your Musket before you with your Left hand and falling with your Right Leg even to your Left grasp your Musket with your Right hand under the Cock and poise streight before your Nose keeping Faced to the Front letting your Right Elbow Rest upon your Body Shoulder your Musket As formerly Poise As before Order Sink your Right Hand a little Take hold of the Stock with your Left Hand upon the place where the Scowrer goes into the Stock then sinking that hand take hold of the Muzzel with your Right Hand and let the Butt-End easily sink near the ground where you make a little stop so that the Muskets may come to the ground all together your Musket all this while perpendicular and your Thumb at last streight out on the Side of the Muzzel being set down to the ground all together that it seem but one Thump Place the Butt-End close to the Right Foot about the middle of it your Right Hand an Inch below the Muzzel the lock from your Body Lay down your Musket Turn your Musket with the Lock upwards and stepping forwards with your Left Leg and Right Hand lay it on the ground in a very streight Line You must never lay down or handle your Musket but with one hand viz. the Right Hand Quit your Musket Fall back with your Left Leg even to your Right and stand up Handle your Musket Stepping forward with your Left Leg lay your Right Hand near the Muzzel of your Musket Order your Musket Lift up the Muzzel of your Musket and fall back with your Left Leg even to your Right turning the Lock of your Musket outwards by the middle of your Foot Directions for the Postures in Exercising the Pike Pikemen take heed Advance your Pikes Lift up your Pike in a direct Line near your side with your Right Hand as high as you can well reach and take it with your Left Hand as low as you can your fingers streight out and with that Hand Raise it till the Butt-end comes into your Right Hand then place it between your Breast and your Shoulder And be sure to keep the Butt-end close to your Thigh which keeps your Pikes upright To the Front Lay your Left Hand on your Pike even with the top of your Shoulder your Fingers streight out and bring the Pike right before you with a quick motion at the same time drawing in your Right Heel to your Left Instep Be sure to keep your Pike streight upright which will be done best by putting your Right Hand well from you Charge Fall back with your Right Leg so that the Heel of your Left Foot may be directly against the middle of your Right Foot Bring down your Pike extreme quick with a jerk as if you were to strike one with it and Charge Breast high your Left Elbow under your Pike to Support it yielding your Body forwards and bending your Left Knee that you may stand the firmer and with more ease always observing to hold the Butt-end of your Pike in the Palm of your hand and your Left Toe pointing directly with the Spear of your Pike your Feet at a convenient distance neither too far asunder nor too near that you may stand strong Of all things you must look that your Feet are set right or else you can never handle your Arms as you ought 'T is to be observed in charging your Pike to bring it down at some distance from one anothers Breast so to prevent Clattering And to Close it to your Breast after it is Charged To the Right Four times Turn your Left Toe to the Right Bring up your Right
before Lay down your Arms. As before Quit your Arms. As before To the right about As before March When clear of their Arms they are to disperse and upon the Beat of Drum to run to their Arms with an Huzza Their Swords drawn and the points upwards Return your Swords As before Handle your Arms. As before Order your Arms. As before Pikes to your Out-side Order As before Poise your Musket As before Shoulder your Musket As before Advance your Pikes As before Take up your Matches Which is to be done at Four Motions First They advance their Right Foot and Hand without turning their Shoulders their Arms extended before them Secondly They seize the Match bending with the Right Knee Thirdly Raising themselves they bring their Right Foot into its place and slipping a little the Musket and turning the Butt-end a little they bring the Match to the left Hand Fourthly They quit the Match with their Right Hand and turn the Musket again into its Place with the Left For Drawing up a Battalion and placing the Officers for Parade to Receive the King or any Prince of the Blood or General WHen a Regiment is to draw up the foregoing Method of placing the Companies is to be Observed And the Ranks are to have twelve large feet distance and the Files three The Musketiers are to slope and carry their Arms well The Pikemen to Order their Pikes close to their bodies holding them near their heads and to the Latchet of their Shoes and not to their Toes The Sargeants are to be posted as is said before two or one on the Right and Left of every Rank and at the same distance the Soldiers are at in the File and the rest on the Rear Three paces distance from the last rank of Soldiers Their Halberts all Ordered and their Hatts off The Drums on the Right and Left ranging even with the Front Rank of the Soldiers and the same distance one from another as the Soldiers the Ho-boys on the Right of the Drums and the Drums on the Right in the same Rank For placing the Officers The Lieutenants are to be divided equally Half at the Head of the Right Wing of Shot and the other at the Left The Ensigns are to be at the Head of the Pikes upon the same Line with the Lieutenants and each of them Two paces distant from the Body The Captains like wise are to be divided equallie and placed on each Wing two paces before the Lieutenants None are to stand before the Ensigns but he onely who Commands in Chief who is to be Two Paces before the Captains that is Six paces from the Pikes unless when a Regiment makes but one Battalion and the Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel are both present Then the Lieutenant-Colonel is to be posted on the Left hand of the Colonel The Major who always is to be on Horse-back in a direct Line before the Sargeants on the Right Angle a little advanced before the Line of the Captains And the Aid-Major on the Left Angle in like manner on Horseâ— back To Receive the King or Queen the Pikes are to be Advanced and the Muskets Shouldered But to all others the Pikes are to be Ordered If there be a Company of Granadiers It is to be Drawn up on the Right of the Battalion Three deep about two or three paces distance between the Drums of the Battalion and that of the Granadiers Of Saluting When the King approaches The Drums are to Beat the March and the Officers to Salute one after another as the King passes by keeping the Spear of their Pikes directly forwards to the proper Front and not cross Assoon as ever they have Saluted They are to pull off their Hats without making a Leg but standing upright keeping their Hats off till the King or the Person they Salute be passed by them The Ensigns are to Salute with their Colours all together at one Motion bringing them down near the ground directly before them Then taking them up all together at one Motion They pull off their Hats in the same form the Captains and Lieutenants did keeping their Hats off without bowing till the Person whom they Salute be past The Sargeants as is faid before are to stand with their Halberts Ordered and their Hats off and to Face the same way the Battalion does as also the Drums and the Commission-Officers likewise For if the King or whatsoever Person is Received goes round the Battalion the Battalion is to Face towards him every one being to keep his Post onely as is said before Facing as he goes round This manner of Saluting the King or the General is meant for a private Review of a Battalion For if it be in the Field and the Army Drawn up every Battalion is to Salute with Pikeâ— and Muskets Charged which is to be performed in this manner The King or General approaching The Musketiers are to be Shouldered and the Pikes Advanced Then the Colonel or Commander in Chief gives the Word Recover your Arms. Which is as is said before to bring the Pikes and Muskets directly before them The Butt-ends of the Pikes always in the Palm of the Hand and the Right Heel to the Left Instep And assoon as ever the Drums strike the March both Pikes and Musketiers are to Charge at one Motion quick and to keep their Arms so Charged till the King or General be past And then the word of Command is Recover your Arms. Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets At which time as is said before The Pikemen bring their Pikes to the Advance Of Marching and Posting the Officers and of Saluting Marching If the Battalion be to March The first thing is to make the Files Close either to the Right or Left to their Marching Order which is a Foot and a half or so near to one another that every Soldier may have the free use of his Arms and not to croud one another which is a thing of dangerous consequence The best way to avoid which is for every Man to keep Half a Foot from his Right-hand Man Single Companies may March Shoulder to Shoulder but in greater Bodies there must be more allowance The First Word of Command is the Pikes being Advanced and the Muskets Shouldered Files Close to the Right or to the Left To your Close Order March At which Word every Man turns to the Hand named and accordingly Closes to the Distances and Hand named Observing as is said before the Front That is either their Right or Left-hand-Men As soon as they are Closed to the Order you would have them The Word of Command is To your Leader The Sargeants at the same time are to be careful in keeping the Ranks at their Twelve large Feet distance As soon as the Battalion is thus disposed If it March in a Body all the Lieutenants are to be in the Rear at the same Distance from the Soldiers as they were at in the Front And the Sargeants which were
to March at the Head of every Sub-Division of Pikes The Sargeants are always to March on the Flanks and are never to Lead or Bring up a Division unless Commanded The Sargeants that are Posted in the Rear of the Battalion when Drawn up are always to take care of the Pikes in Marching When they March by Sub-Divisions they are to March Shoulder to Shoulder in Files but nâ—â— so as to croud one another Aâ—â— tho there may happen to be momen in one Rank then another yet no Gaps are to be left in the Ranks but they are to March as is said before Shoulder to Shoulder The Captains and Officers are always to March with their Pikeâ— under-hand except onely when they pass by a General Officer or come before a Guard to Relieve it or off the Parade and then they are to be Shouldered Of Defiles To pass a narrow Defile The readiest way to perform it and to Draw up again in order assoon as past is to make the Ranks File If to the Right the Right-Hand Man is to File first and the rest of his Rank is to follow him then they are to Rank again as they were which is better then Files Filing because it immediately makes a Front to the Enemy If the Ranks be great let them File Two a Breast beginning with the two Outwardmost File-leaders For larger Defiles the Commander may draw off as he judges the way will easily receive Of Wheeling When a Battalion is to Wheel to alter the Front either to one hand or the other or to bring the Front where the Rear was The Command is to Wheel â—â—ther to the Right or the Left first If to the Right you say Wheel to the Right March At which Word of Command every man in the Battalion moves and Wheels from the Left to the Right onely the maâ— on the Right Angel turns verâ— slowly being as it were the Hinge on which the rest move In this way of VVheeling theâ— must observe both their Right and Left-hand Men. And the first Rank is to take such a comâ— Pass of Ground as neither to press one another out nor yet to make a Gap or Interval in the Ranks The best way to avoid both which is for every man to be sure to observe what distance he is at in File when he is Commanded to VVheel And If he VVheels to the Right to be sure to keep that very same distance from his Right-hand Man And the Ranks are to observe their Leaders well and to Close quick to the Left in the Rear The same method must be observed to the Right if the Battalion be Commanded to VVheel to the Left Of Wheeling when a Battalion or a Body of Men March in Division VVhen upon March the VVord of Command is given to Wheel if it be to the Right thâ— Right-hand Man keeps hâ—â— Ground and onely turns upon hâ—â— Heel At the same time the Left hand Man moves about quick till he makes an even Line with his Right-hand Man and that the Officer bids him Stand. The Second Rank must noâ— begin to Wheel till they have taken the Ground of the first 〈◊〉 every Rank successively is tâ— March directly forward up tâ— their Leaders Ground before theâ— begin to VVheel upon which dâ—pends this way of VVheeling Before they come to VVheeâ— the Soldiers are to observe thâ—â— hand in Marching to which theâ— are to VVheel For as the Right hand Man is to be observed iâ— Marching when they VVheel to the Right so they must observe the Left Hand in Marching when they are to Wheel to the Left But when they are Wheeling they must observe the contrary Hand Of Wheeling by single Ranks VVhen an Officer is Marching a Body of men and there be occasion to Form them on a suddain into a single Rank either to make a Guard or to line a Hedge the VVords of Command are these Ranks to the Right or Left hand Wheel March If they are to VVheel to the Right the Right-hand Man of every Rank is to stand and onely turn to the Right on the Ground he stands on and the rest are aâ—â— to Wheel together into one Raâ—â— at the Word of Command March The Colours are to VVheel in before the Rank and the Drums to take their Posts a the Right and Left of the Ranâ— as also the Sargeants VVhen they are so VVheel'd they may either be Closed to the Right or to the Left that there may be no Gaps in the Ranks Reduction Form your Ranks to the Left or As you were March For the performance whereof the Left-hand Man of every Rank is to stand and onely turn to the Left And at the VVord March the rest are to VVheel into their places as they were Of Wheeling backward by half Ranks To VVheel backwards by half Ranks upon a long March the following Directions are to be observed The Number of men ought to be even in every Rank and the Right and the Left-hand Man of every Rank being Ordered to stand and onely to Turn to the Right and Left Inwards the following VVords of Command are to be observed By Half Ranks Wheel to the Right and Left Backward March At which Word of Commandâ— the Half-Ranks Separate and faâ—â— back to the Right and Left-hand men Forming Two Ranks in opposition to one another The Officers and Colours are to sepaâ— rate accordingly and to take their Posts Ranging themselves before the Soldiers to make a Guard The Sargeants and Drums are to be on the Right and Left Reduction By half Ranks to the Right and Left Inward Form your Ranks as you were March The Directions are the same as before For the Right and Left-hand Man of every Rank is to stand and onely Turn to the Right and Left Inward and the rest at the Word March are to Wheel and they will be in the same Marching Order that they were Closings and Openings Ranks Close forwards to Order Three Foot March Ranks Close forward to Close Order A foot and half March Ranks Open backward tâ— Order Three Foot March Ranks Open backward tâ— Open Order Six Foot March Ranks Open backwards tâ— double distance twelve Fooâ— March In this way of Opening backward the Ranks are to fall bacâ— without changing aspect obseâ—ving their Right-hand men anâ— their Leaders Files close to the Right March Files close to the Left March Files close to the Center March Files open to the Right March Files open to the Left March Files open from the Center March When Files open from the Center they are to face from the Center and if there be an odd File it is to stand which is the Center File Also when Files are to open to the Right or Left they are not to stir not so much as changing aspect till the Word of Command March be first given and then they are inâ—mediately to Face to the hand named and to take their distance Commanded every one from hiâ— Leader When they open
THE GRANADIERS ON FOOT A Great part of the Exercise of Granadiers on Foot is the same with that of the Musketiers Granadiers are to draw up at the same Order in Rank and File as Musketiers only they draw but three deep being supposed to be Shouldered Lay your Right Hand on your Firelock As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Poise your Firelock As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Rest your Firelock As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Cock your Firelock As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Guard your Firelock As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Present As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Fire As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Recover your Arms. As the Exerercise of the Musketlers Cast over to the Left Then they are to lay their Right hand on their Daggers Draw your Dagger Holding it fast before you upright Screw it into the Muzzel of your Firelock So that the flat side may be toward you when recovered Recover your Arms. Charge To the Right Four times Charge With a quick motion seizing the Firelock under the Lock with the Right hand To the Right about Charge With a quick motion seizing the Firelock under the Lock with the Right hand As you were Charge With a quick motion seizing the Firelock under the Lock with the Right hand To the Left Four times Charge With a quick motion seizing the Firelock under the Lock with the Right hand To the Left about Charge With a quick motion seizing the Firelock under the Lock with the Right hand As you were Charge With a quick motion seizing the Firelock under the Lock with the Right hand Recover your Arms. Cast over to the Left They are to â—â—â—ze their Daggers with their right hand Withdraw your Dagger Holding them before them the flat side towards them Return your Dagger Poise your Firelock As the Mâ—â—ketiers Half-bend your Fire-lock As the Muâ—ketiers Clean your Pan. As the Muâ—ketiers Open your Cartridge-box Handle your Primer Prime As the Exercise of the Musketiers Return your Primer As the Exercise of the Musketiers Shut your Pan. As the Exercise of the Musketiers Blow off your loose Corns As the Exercise of the Musketiers Cast about to charge As the Exercise of the Musketiers Handle your Cartridge Open it with your teeth Charge with Powder and Ball Draw forth your Scowrer Putting them together into the Muzzel of the Fire-lock Hold it there Shorten it to an inch Putting them together into the Muzzel of the Fire-lock Hold it there Ram down Powder and Ball. As the Musketiers Withdraw your Scowrer As the Musketiers Shorten it to a handfull As the Musketiers Return your Scowrer As the Musketiers Poise your Fire-lock As the Musketiers Shoulder your Fire-lock Upon which word of Command the Ranks are to close forward to six foot the Sargeants taking care to plant their Halberts at the due distance Poise your Firelock Seizing the sling with the Left hand Sling your Firelock Handle your Pouch Your Left Hand on the bottom all of a height the Right Leg advanced and their Right Hands all of a height Open your Pouch Together Take forth your Granade The Right Hand extended before you Shut your Pouch At once Uncase your Fuse Falling back with the Right Foot even to the Left and facing Handle your Match The Left hand to the Left side both Arms extended The three Ranks are to do it together Blow your Match The first Rank only falling back with the Right Leg. A strong blast Fire your Fuse Deliver your Granade At which word of command the second Rank is to march six foot before the first with their Matches ready to blow Blow your Match Fire your Fuse Deliver your Granade The third Rank perform as the second Blow your Match At which word the two other Ranks are to lay their Left hands on their Hatchets Fire your Fuse Then they are to raise their Hatchets Deliver your Granade At which time the Sargeants are to take care that the first rank stand the second march six foot before the first and the thrid six foot before the second with their hatchets raised expecting the word of command The first rank is to raise theirs also Fall on Stepping forward with the Left Leg. Recover your Hatchet As in handling it Return your Hatchet Into the frog of the Belt Poise your Firelock As the Musketiers Shoulder As the Musketiers your Firelock As the Musketiers Granadiers make ready The first Rank make ready their Fire-locks The second Rank handle their Pouch And the third Rank their Hatchets The first Rank present At which word of command the second Rank is to open their Pouch and take forth their Granade and the third raise their Hatchets Fire The second Rank are to shut their Pouch And uncase their Fuse And handle their Match Recover your Arms. Without any other word of command the first rank are to cast over to the Left ward their Dagger screw it into the Muzzel of their Fire-lock Recover their Arms and Charge the second Rank to march six foot before them Blow your Match Fire your Fuse Deliver your Granade Then they poise their Fire-locks and make ready the third rank march as the second with their Hatchets Fall on Recover your Hatchets At the same time the third Rank is to march twelve â—â—ot before the first charging The second to six foot and the first return their Hatchets and make ready their Fire-locks Recover your Arms. At which time they half-bend their Fire-locks Cast over to the Left Withdraw your Dagger As before Return your Dagger Poise your Fire-lock Shoulder your Fire-lock Face to the Right about March The Sargeants are to take care that the Ranks open forward to twelve foot and to continue marching till they come to their ground and there to halt without any word of Command As you were Poise your Fire-lock As the Musketiers Order your Arms. As the Musketiers Lay down your Arms. As the Musketiers Quit your Arms. As the Musketiers Face to the Right about As the Musketiers March When clear of their Arms they are to disperse and upon the â—eat of Drum they are to run to their Arms with an Huzza their Daggers deawn and their points upwards Return your Daggers Handle your Arms. As the Musketiers Order your Arms. As the Musketiers Poise your Firelock As the Musketiers Shoulder your Fire-lock As the Musketiers Directions for the Postures in Exercising of the Musket that is the Match-lock-Musket being that Part which is not in the Directions already Lay down your Matches At Four Motions Viz. First Turn a little the Butt-end of the Musket gently slipping it as it lies on your Shoulder and lay your Right Hand on your Match Secondly Extend your Right Hand and Foot before you turning your Musket again in its place Thirdly You Stoop bringing the Match near your Right Foot within side bending the Left Ham. Fourthly You quit it and stand up bringing your Right Foot even to the Left Lay your Right
marching no faster then it did before The Ranks in Marching are to close forward to Six foot which the Sargeants are to be very careful to see kept very even and in good Order The Granadiers are to be divided into Three equall parts One third with the Captain at the Head of the Pikes some Eight Paces from the first Rank and the two other parts on the Right anâ— and Lest of the Battalion Thosâ— at the Head of the Pikes are tâ— be Commanded to Present and Fire when the first Rank of Musketiers are commanded to Kneeâ— and assoon as ever they have Fâ—red they are to make ready the Granado's and after the Two laâ— Ranks of Musketiers who Firâ—â— before the Front Rank have Fâ—red Then they are to deliveâ— their Granado's and to put theiâ— Daggers into their Firelocks Those Granadiers on the Righâ— and Left of the Battalion are to Fire as the Musketiers Fire that is the Two last Ranks to Fire with the Musketiers And assoon as Fiâ—red are to put their Daggers into their Firelocks The Front Rank of Granadiers having their Graâ—nado's ready are to kneel when the first Rank of Musketiers kneel And after the Two last Ranks have Fired They are to stand up And when the first Rank of Musketiers Fire They are to deliver their Granado's And immediately to fix their Daggers in their Firelocks And when the Musketiers Club their Muskets and Fall on They are to Charge with their Daggers as aforesaid When the Battalion has Marched so near that the Granadiers may throw their Granado's so as to fall among the Enemy with the Officers both Captains Lieutenants and Ensigns in one Rank at the Head of the Battalion Two good paces from the first Rank of Soldiers with their Pikes in the same posture with tâ— Pikemen which they are to oâ—serve The Commander in Châ—gives the Command to Half 〈◊〉 which word of Command 〈◊〉 Drums are to cease from Beatiâ— and all the Officers in the Frâ—stand at the Head of the Battâ— on in one Rank as is said befoâ— Two paces from it with thâ— Pikes Ported Four of the Sargeants tâ— Marched with the Pikes befâ—â—â— they drew up are to Draw 〈◊〉 with them Two with the 〈◊〉 Rank and Two with the last 〈◊〉 the Right and Left of each Ranâ— The rest of the Sargeants are 〈◊〉 be on the Flanks and to assist 〈◊〉 Officers in the Rear who are 〈◊〉 be the same Officers that marcâ—ed in the Rear of the Division before they were drawn up and to continue in the Rear of the Battalion and to take care of it Onely the eldest Captain that was there is to come up immediately to the Front at the Head of the Left Wing of Shot And the Sargeants are immediately upon the Battalions drawing up to be very exact in making the Ranks even at Six Foot distance The Files are to be kept at the same distance as is said before so that every Soldier may have free liberty to use his Arms The best Rule for which is That every Soldier keep half a Foot from his Right-hand-man Assoon as the Commander in Chief has Commanded them to Halt The Command is First Rank of Musketiers Kneel Which they are to do by Faâ—â—ing back with the Right Legs and not stepping forward witâ— their Left and keeping the Muskets so low that the Two other Ranks may Fire easily over them At the same time that the Command is given for the First Rank to Kneel The whole Ranâ— of Officers at the Head of the Battalion retire at one time intâ— the Intervals just behind them of the first Rank of Soldiers but are to take Care that the Soldiers perform their Duties The Officers as is said before are to have their Pikes in the posture conformable to the Pikemen And those with the Musketiers are to Kneel as they do When the first Rank is commanded to Kneel the Two other Ranks of Musketiers are to Close forward as also the Five Ranks of Pikes as close as they can with conveniency to use their Arms without any other word of Command Two last Ranks Present Which they are always to do Breast high and the First of the Two is always to stoop without any word of Command And the Pikes at the same word of Command are to Charge their Pikes and to continue so Charged Fire Recover your Arms. At which word of Command The Front Rank stands up without any other word of Command having their Muskets Recovered streight upright before them ready Cockt and Guarded Front Rank Present Fire Recover your Arms. Club your Muskets Fall on Which they do with an Huzza and the Pikes are to continue Charged And the Drums to Beat the Preparative again Halt At which time the Drums are to cease Beating Reduction Poise your Muskets At which word of Command the Pikemen Recover their Pikes before them from their Charge and the Granadiers take the Posts they had before they were divided Shoulder your Muskets At which word of Command the Pikemen bring their Pikes to their Thighs to the Advance And the whole Rank of Officers Advance together Two paces before the Head of the Battalion Ranks Open backward to Twelve Foot Distance March Rear Half-Files of Musketiers that Doubled To the Right about As you were March Officers Colours and Drums and Ho-boys to your proper Posts March If you would Fire a Battalion in Exercise more then once before you Fall on in stead of Clubbing your Muskets after the first Firing the Musketiers are to make ready as they March and the Pikes Port And so proceed as before mentioned Memorandum Every Right-hand man of the Pikes of each Company is always to March with the Ensign's Pike The Drums are to beat the Preparative whenever the first Division Drawsup whether it be of a Battalion or single Company which is the best way to give Notice to the Rear that they are to Draw up The Pikes at the Drums Beating the Preparative if they are Shouldered are then to Advance unless the Musketiers be commanded to Recover their Arms and in such case the Pikeâ— are to Port but never otherway in Drawing up but to be kepâ— Advanced Nor are the Ranks to close forward or to mend their pace in Marching but to Draw up as at other times unless the Musketiers are Commanded to Recover their Arms or to make ready which is the same Posture and then they are always to March as is before mentioned Of Marching by Sub-Diâ—visions If a Battalion be to March on the Long March by Sub-Divisions the Files are first to be Counted and according to the largeness or narrowness of the way they are to March they must be Divided accordingly Posting one half of the Captains at the Head of the first Sub-Division of Shot and the other half in the Rear of the last The Lieutenants are to be divided to every Sub-Division of Shot that they may take care of them The Colours are to be divided also
to the Right they must always observe theâ— Left-hand men And when they open to the Left their Right hand Men. If they open to the Right the Second File from the Right first takes its distance by little Steps and letting his Leader go as far from him as the distance he is Ordered before he stir the rest of the Files do the like successively And the Left-hand File is not to move at all In opening of Files they are to move extream slowly and directly forward Doublings Ranks to the Right Double March Ranks as you were March Ranks to the Left Double March Ranks as you were March The Ranks that double are to observe their Right-hand Men to move at the same time with them They are to begin the Motions with the Foot next the Hand named and to come into this doubling the even Ranks are to double into the odd and if tâ—â— odd Ranks are to double Faâ—â— the Body to the Rear and thâ— same Word of Command will perform it or else it may be doâ—â— by this Word of Command Odd Ranks that stood Tâ—â— the Right about double tâ—â— even Ranks To Reduce the Ranks The Ranks that double aâ— first to Face to the contraâ—â— hand and then with the contrary Foot come into their formâ— Ground But they are not tâ— stir not so much as to alter the aspect till the Word of Coâ—mand March be first giveâ— And 't is a constant Rule upoâ— all Doublings of Ranks or half Files That tho they are to turn to the contrary Hand they Doubled on from the Ground they Doubled to yet when they come to their own Ground they are always to turn to the Hand they doubled which brings them directly after their Leaders The doubling of Files is performed in the same manner and is the same thing with the Reduction of doubled Ranks Doubling of Front Half-Files by the Rear Half-files with the Reduction Rear Half-files to the Right hand Double your Front March Rear Half-files As you weâ— March Rear Half-files to the Leâ—â— hand Double your Fronâ— March Rear Half-files As you weâ—â— March If it be upon a March thâ— Rear Half-files are to move intâ— the Front with a quicker Motioâ— The Front Half-files still continâ—ing theirs But all must observe their Right-hand men And for Reduction Let thâ— Rear Half-files without Facing about stand till the Front Half-files have passed by and then fall after their proper Leaders But if the Front Half-files are to be doubled by the Rear the Body standing still the Rear Half-files are to March extreme slow observing well their Right-hand men that every Rank may double at one time And in the Reducement As in the Doubling of single Ranks no man is to stir till the word of Command March be first given And then they are all to turn together to the contrary Hand they doubled on And when they come upon their own ground they are always to turn to the same Hand they Doubled to Doubling of Rear Half-files by the Front Half-files with the Reduction Front Half-files to the Right about Double your Rear Half-files March At which VVord of Command the Front half-files or the Three Front-ranks turn to the Right about and passing on the Right Hand of their followers or thâ— Rear half-files they are to Double into them and assoon as doubled to face to the Left about to their Leader without any VVord of Command Reduction Front half-files as you were March At which word The Front Half-files are to March slowly observing to keep Three foot from their Right-hand-men which makes them incline to the Left and brings them directly upon their former ground In Doubling to the Left about the same thing is to be done onely observing the contrary hand Of Firing to the Front Soldiers are to be Exercised to Fire all manner of ways In keeping of ground Gaining of ground and losing of ground To make them Fire in keepiâ—â— of ground 't is necessary that 〈◊〉 Body be as close in Rank and Fâ—â— as can be conveniently with thâ— use of their Arms. One way is thus Musketiers make ready aâ—â— At which time the Musketiâ—â— are to be Cockt and Guarded anâ— their Arms streight before them the Pikes ported And when thâ— Musketiers Present The Pikes aâ— to be Charged The Five first Ranks Kneeâ— The Rear Rank Present Fire Fifth Rank stand up Present Fire Fourth Rank stand up Present Fire And so of the rest And as they have Fired They are to Charge again and to be in a readiness against the First word of Command This way of Firing may be performed either by Two Ranks at a time or Three Ranks The first kneeling and the second stooping or the Two first stooping 'T is necessary also to exercise them to Fire gaining ground which is to be performed in this manner The Battalion Marching the Commander in Chief Orders The first Ranks of Musketers Make ready Halt At which time the whole â—â—talion Halting He is to Coâ—mand the first Rank of Musktiers to Present and Fire When they have Fired they a to Recover their Arms withoâ— any word of Command and File off very quick to the Rigâ—â— and Left into the Rear When tâ—â— first Rank Presents the next Raâ—â— is to Make ready in course wâ—â—â— out any word of Command Aâ—â— as the first Rank Files off tâ—â— next makes good the Front Aâ—â— so the Battalion is to march â—gain and every Rank to Fire 〈◊〉 this Method The Pikes are to Charge whâ—â— every Rank Presents without 〈◊〉 word of Command Firing to the Front Retreating If a Body of men or Battalion be prest in Front and forc'd to Retreat The most commodious way of Firing is by single Ranks in the same Method as in gaining ground only after every Rank has Fired and Filed off to the Right and Left into the Rear Instead of the next Rank Advancing to make good the Front of Pikes The Pikes are to Retreat to the Musketiers who stand still till the Pikes make an even Front with them and so every Rank of Shot is to Fire successively in the same manner as the first Of Firing to the Flanks If upon a March a Body oâ— men be forced to Fire to boâ—â— Flanks the way of doing it is thâ—â— The Ranks being at six foot 〈◊〉 stance Intervals of about 〈◊〉 foot distance are to be left bâ—tween the Divisions of Musâ—â—tiers and the Pikes which the Oâ—ficers must have a great Care 〈◊〉 keep open by causing the Muslâ—tiers to encline to the Right anâ— Left after every Firing to thâ— Flanks which is to be performâ—â— in this manner The Right and Left-hanâ— Files of Musketiers Makâ—â— ready VVhich they are to do and keep along with the Body and not to Face to the Flanks till they are bid Present Assoon as they have Fired they are to Face to the Rear and so are by a Sargeant to be led athwart it very quick and so up between their own Divisions
takes care to place the great Guard in a proper place and distance from the Army towards the Enemy choosing for that effect a place where all the Avenues may be discovered There it is to continue during the day and at night is to draw off near the Army at the Head of the Foot When an Army Encamps near an Enemy and there be no river to divide them the General oftentimes Entrenches his Camp and makes his men pass the night under Arms. The Colonel or Officer of Horse who Mounts the Guard is to send off an Out-guard or Advance-guard consisting of twentey four Troopers commanded by a Lieutenant whom he posts where he sees most convenient in a place from whence the country about may be easily discovered The Duty of him who commands the great Guard is to let no person whatsoever passe without an Order to look every where about and to send Notice to the General whenever he discovers any Troops or Forces It is to be observed That the Measure of ground before mentioned is meant onely for Encamping of an Army For if it were to be Ranged in Battel in case of Service the distances between the Battalions or Squadrons are to be greater then in a Camp It must be end eavoured as much as may be That the Second Line be equal to the first keeping the same distance upon the right and Left The Particulars of Encamping a Battalion WHen the Quarter-Master hath his Ground alloted to him for Encamping a Battalion which is commonly One hundred Paces he is to divide it in the manner following Viz. He must allow Seven Foot Square to each Hutt Two Foot to the By-streets and fifteen Foot to the great Streets Every company consisting of fifty men ought to have Ten Hutts And ' there must be the distance of Two Foot between the Hutts The Kitchins must be marked out at Twelve Foot distance from the last Row of Hutts and are to be placed just over against them so that the streets may be open quite through for the Officers to passe easily to the Head of the Camp as there shall be occasion The length of the Kitchins is to be Nine Foot and the breadth six Foot There must be Thirty Paces distance between the soldiers Kitchins and the Front of the Captains Tents Forty Paces distance between the Captains Tents and the Front of the Tents of the subaltern Officers and the remaining Ground is for the Encamping of the Field-Officers and the Captains Equipage The Suttlers are to Encamp behind the Officers Tents The Colonells and Field Officers and Staff-Officers Tents are to be in the Center of the Battalion behind the Tents of the Captains There must be twenty or thirty Pacesâ—et ween one Battalion and another The Sargeants Hutts are to be at the Head of the Soldiers to open the contrary way That is to the Front The Pikes whether they are placed against a Cross or in a Stand must be allowed at Eighteen Foot distance from the Hutts The Muskets at Eighteen Foot distance from the Pikes That is before them The Colours and Drums are to be set within the Hollow of the Pikes The Holberts of the Sargeants that March with the Shot should be placed with the Muskets and those of the Sargeants that March with the Pikes with the Pikes The Particulars of Encamping a Squadron WHen a Quarter-Master of Horse hath his Ground allotted to him for a Squadron which is commonly Fifty Paces He is to divide it in the following manner Viz. He must allow Three Paces for the length of a Baraque and Two Paces distance from the opening of the Baraques to the Stakes to which the Horses are fastened and Three Paces for each Horses standing and Ten Paces for the Street To the Second Troop is to be allowed Two Paces distance three Paces for their Baraques and One Pace distance for the By-streets The third Troop must have two Paces distance three Paces for the Baraques and three Paces for the Horses after which there will remain Fifteen Paces which makes the distance from one Squadron to another If the Squadron be stronger they must have more Ground this being onely for a Squadron of one hundred and fifty Men in three Troops each Troop making but one row of Baraques The Colours are to be placed at Eighteen Foot distance from the Front of the Baraques in the same Line with the Pikes There are commonly ten or twelve Baraques on a row for every Troop of Fifty Men 〈◊〉 there must be at least two Pacâ— distance from one Baraque to 〈◊〉 other For the Kitchins belonging to the Troops the Officers Tentâ— and the Suttlers which attend up on the Troops the same measures are to be observed in proporâ—tion as are used for Encamping 〈◊〉 Foot By a Pace is meant thrâ— Foot Orders for Battel THo there can be no certain Rules given for any Ordeâ— of Battel which depends chiefly upon the Circumstances of Place and other accidents yet these short Directions are to serve for an Example to shew the nature of the thing by a single Battalion You must first of all command Silence at which time the Ranks are to be two good Paces distant and the Files closed in such manner that every Soldier may march at his ease and so Load and Fire which will be best effected by every ones keeping the distance of half a Foot from his Right-hand Man So that they may have liberty of moving their elbows as they March You must Command them to March very slowly to observe the Right in Marching and to preserve the Intervals which are always to be Fifty or Sixty Paces at least and if the Ground will afford it more that Fifty or Sixty of a Battalion may passe through them with ease nothing havâ— ever proved more prejudicial 〈◊〉 Battel then the leaving intervaâ— too strait None is to speak but the Commander in cheif or the Major by his Order who is alwayâ— to attend his commands To a Battalion of ten Companies there are supposed to bâ— besides the Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel Eight Captains and Nine Lieutenants who are to be Posted in the Form of Battel as followeth Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel and Five Captains at the Head of the Pikes 1st 3d Captain at the Head of the right Division of Shot 2d 4th Captain at the Head of the Left Division of Shot 6th Captain in the Rear of the Pikes 7th Captain in the Rear of the Left Wing of Shot 8th Captain in the Rear of the Right Wing of Shot â— st and 3d Lieutenant at the Head of the right wing of shot â— d and 4th Lieutenant at the Head of the Left VVing of shot 5th Lieutenant on the Right Flank 6th Lieutenant on the Left Flank 7th Lieutenant in the Rear of the Pikes 8th Lieutenant in the Rear of the Left VVing of shot 9th Lieutenant in the Rear of the Right Wing of Shot Which Rule is to be obserâ—â— whether the
in the Rear are to Assist on the Flanks to see that the Ranks March exactly even and at their distance When the Word is given to March both Front and Rear step all at a time with their Left Feet setting them down all together so that they may be heard They are then to March very slowly and the Pikes to March even with the Wings of Shot And great care is to be taken that the Men do not press one upon another but March directly forward without inclining to either hand As soon as the Body is Marched as far as is intended they are to be Commanded to Halt To the Right about And the Drums beating a Retreat the Lieutenants lead them in the same Order and Method as before back to their Ground which being come to the Command is Halt To the Left about Or As you were That is to the Left about Lieutenants take your Posts in the Front of the Battalion March At which Word the Lieutenants return from the Rear into the Front And the Sargeants that were before in the Rear return thither again from the Flanks Of Marching in Three Divisions If the Battalion be to March in Three Divisions the Captains are to be Divided one half at the Head of the first Division of Shot and the other half in the Rear of the last Division one half of the Lieutenants in the Rear of the first Division of Shot and the other half at the Head of the last Division of Shot The Colours are to March at the Head of the Pikes which are to be Advanced The Colonel or Lieutenant-Colonel or in their absence the Officer in Chief is to March Two Paces before the Rank of Captains at the Head of the first Division of Shot the Captains and all other Officers keeping the same distance from the Soldiers as they were Posted at at the Head of the Battalion when Drawn up and taking great care that they keep that distance exactly and no more Viz. The Captains Four Paces from the Soldiers and the Lieutenants and Ensigns two or at least at a proper distance to Salute The Officers that are to March in the Rear of the Division are to fall after them as they March off and not before And the Sargeants that were Posted in the Reat are to take care of the Pikes in their Marching The Drums are to be divided equally to the Divisions and to March between the Second and Third Rank The Granadiers are to March about Twenty Yards before the Battalion The Equipage of the Colonels and Officers of the Front is to March a little on the Left Hand between the Granadiers and the Battalion The Ho boys are to March at the middle Distance between the Commander in Chief and the Granadiers Whenever a Division is Commanded to March they are to step together at once both Front and Rear with their Left Feet and to March slowly In Marching both Colonel Lieutenant Colonel and all Officers are to March with their Pikes under-hand Comported taking care not to droop the Spear too much nor to swing their hands in Marching but to keep them steddy Assoon as they come near the King or Person whom they are to Salute They are to Shoulder their Pikes and to take Care to do it together that is Every Rank of Office as they approach the King to Shoulder their Pikes together and to carry them level upon their Shoulders And when they come to Salute to be very exact in doing it together that iâ— may seem as if but one man Saluted The first Rank of Captains are not to begin to Salute till the Colonel or Commander in Chief has done Saluting And the Officers must take Care above all things That they neither stand still when they Salute nor mend their pace so as to get too fat from the men And to take Care in the Salute not to do the Motions too quick The Ensigns are to take Care to bring their Colours down all together directly before them without waving them to either Hand And to take them up all together without standing still or mending their pace Assoon as the Officers have Saluted They must pull off their Hatts and keep them off till they are past by the Person they Salute without bowing And when they are past at a convenient distance they are to bring their Pikes again underhand The Sargeants are to march with their Halberts Shouldered the Butt-end upwards and are always to march with their Hatts off when they pass by the Person that comes to view the Battalion whether the Officers Salute or no. None is to Salute the same Person but once standing and once Marching The Major and Aid-Major have no fixed Post for Marching But are always to attend the Colonel or Officer in Chief to receive his Orders No Sargeant or Corporal is at any time to Carry or Hold the Colours in the absence of the Ensign but onely a Pikeman If a Battalion be Attaqued in Marching They are immediately to Draw up Facing either the same way they March or by Wheeling either to the Right or Left as the Ground allows or as they are Attaqued For the readier performance of which It is most necessary to practise a Battalion to it in Exercising If a Battalion be Attaqued Marching in Three Divisions or more and thereby the Divisions obliged to Wheel to the Right The First VVing of Musketiers is to Draw up on the Right of the Granadiers and the Pikes on the Right of the Right VVing of Musketiers and the Left VVing of Musketiers on the Right Hand of the Pikes which takes up much less time then Marching round the Rear Assoon as ever there is occasion to Prepare for being Attaqued on a suddain or that the Commander in Chief is disposed to Draw up a Battalion in that Method He Commands the Rear Half-Files of Musketiers to double their Front to the Left in Marching And assoon as ever the Officer in Chief gives Command to the Musketiers to Maâ— Ready which is to be Cocâ— and Guarded or in Exercise 〈◊〉 make the Motion of it by Receivering their Muskets before theâ—â— The Pikemen at the same woâ—â— of Command are to Port thâ— Pikes and the Drums to Beat tâ—â— Preparative which gives Notice the Rear that they are to Drâ—â—â— up The Ensigns at the same tiâ—â— are to give their Colours to tâ— Right Hand-men of the respâ—ctive Companies who are to Râ—tice with them immediately 〈◊〉 the Center of the Pikes and tâ—â— Ensigns to take the Pikes whiâ—â— the said Soldiers carried and aâ— to March at the head of tâ— Pikes The Drums that marched bâ—tween the Ranks of the Musketiers as also those of the Granadiers are to joyn themselves to those Drums that March with the Pikes And the Ho-boys to joyn with the Colours Assoon as ever the Drums beat the Preparative every Division except the first is to March up with all the speed they can keeping their Order that first Division