0840 740 1580. Borgonones 0847 694 1541. Valones 0939 686 1625.  5500 4500 10000. A battel square of men framed of six nationes and who they shall un confusedlie fall into battell withe grace and brevitie dividinge to each nasion his parte of the vangarde acordinge the number of men they give in relasion as by the figure folowinge are orderly divided to fall into battell of a soddaine withoute any crossinge or cōfusion with the ensignes of each nation in the center of their pikes THe enemy aproachinge and understandinge that they are resolved to give battell the campe Master generall knowinge of the prudent brave conduction and resolute determination of the Spaniard Italian Irishe Englishe Borgonones and Valones comaundeth that there shoulde be chosen oute of thiese nationes to the number of 10000. of chosen men of tried valor and full resolution givenge order that a battell square of mē shoulde be framed of the saied 10000. men and for feare of confusion or contrauersie in tyme of fallinge into squadron he give the order that the Italianes shoulde folowe the Spaniardes the Irishe to folowe the Italianes the Englishe to folowe the Irishe the Borgonones after the Inglishe and the Valones to folowe the Burgonones and that eache natiō shoulde folowe one another as before declared withe the fronte and flanke that toucheth eache nation acordinge to the number of men they give in ralation that withe grace and brevity and withoute any crossinge or confusion eache nation may fall into squadron of a sodaine and that eache nation may have his parte of the vangarde acordinge to the number of men he givethe in relation To wourke the whiche i tought fit to set downe the rules for the divisiones of theese nationes as here foloweth Firste take the full number of pikes given in relation by the saide six Nationes which is 5500. oute of whiche take the square roote whiche is 74. the fronte and flanke of the battell and 24. pikes remaininge whiche shall serve to guarnishe the culoures That done bigin to guarnishe or line the two flankes of the battell of pikes withe short aleowinge five shot under the shelter or defence of eache pike whiche is the moste that can conveniently be defended under the same To finde oute the linenge shott of the righte flanke of the battell of pikes as before ordained multiply 74. the flanke by 5. and the producte will by 370. and say that the linenge shott of the right flanke is 74. rankes of 5 musketes in eache ranke and say that the righte flanke of the battell of pikes is lined withe shott To guarnishe or line the leifte flanke of the battell of pikes also say that it is 74. rankes of 5. musketes in eache ranke whiche makethe 370. musketes and say that youre two flankes of the battell of pikes are lined nowe to knowe the short that shal guarnishe the full fronte of the pikes and of the two lininges of the 2. flankes ad 10. the musketes of the 2. lininges to 74. the fronte of the pikes and it makethe 84. the full fronte then say that the division of shott that shall line or guarnishe the full fronte is to marche withe 84. rankes of five musketes in eache ranke and iuste so many more rankes shall marche in the fourte division of shot that shall guarnish the full fronte of the rerewarde advertisinge that eache division of the two last that lines the fronte and rerwarde conteines 420. musketes in eache so that the full number of shott of the afore saied 4. divisiones that shall line the two flankes fronte and rerwarde dothe a mounte to 1590. musketes comprehended 10. musketes for to guarnish the coloures thiese 1590. musketes deducte oute of the propounded and full number of musketes whiche is 4500. and there shall remaine 2910. musketes whiche i divide into 30. troupes whiche comethe to 97. musketes in eache troupe the whiche 30. troupes is divided in the 4. angles and two flankes of the battel as by the figure and divisiones folowinge youe may better perceive where all is ordered and set downe and withe as greate facility as the divisiones can affourde that there by suche as are not experte in aritmeticke nor in the theorike and practike of this arte may the sooner conceive the same  Pikes Musketes Soilderes Spaniardes 1040 840 1880. Italianes 0888 780 1668. Irishe 0946 760 1706. Englishe 0840 740 1580. Borgonones 0847 694 1541. Valones 0939 686 1625.  5500 4500 10000. THe full number of shott of the saied six nationes monted Oute of whiche is to be deducted the divisiones of the 4. linenges So that after deductinge the linenge shott of the 4. frontes of the battell of pikes resteth 2910. m. Whiche is divided into 30. troupes at 97 m. in eache troupe whiche are divided in the 4 angles and two flankes of the battell of pikes as by the figure and divisiones folowinge ordered and proportionally divided Advertisinge that oute of one of the troupes of musketes of the angles youe are to take 10. musketes to guarnishe the culores The divisiones of the pikes and the order wherewithe each nation shall marche to fall into battell withe grace and brevety BY the divisiones of the pikes before spoken of in dividinge 74. the flanke of youre squadron of pikes be 1040. the number of pikes the Spaniardes gave yove shall finde the number in the quotiente to by 14. and 4. remayninge and say that the Spaniardes are to marche withe 74. rankes of 14. pikes in eache ranke whiche is the order they are to observe when occasion offerethe to fall into squadron withe there coloures in the center of there pikes advertisinge that there restethe 4. pikes oute of there division 14 front 4. The Italianes who gave relation of 888. pikes is divided by the self same rule into 74. rankes of 12 pikes in eache ranke and in offeringe occasion withoute any crossing or confusion shall fall into battell withe this order and close uppon the leifte hande of the Spaniardes withe the culoures in the center and conforme them selves with the Spaniardes in fronte and flanke 12 front The Irish who gave relation of 946. pikes shall be divided into 74. rankes of 12. pikes in eache ranke withe theyr culoures in the center of theyr pikes and restethe 58. pikes oute of there division and they shal fall into battell withe this order and close uppon the lefte hande of the Italianes 12 front 58. The Englishe who gave relation of 847. pikes is divided into 74. rankes of aleaven pikes in eache ranke withe there culoures in the center and restethe 26. pikes 11 front 26. The Borgonones who gave relation of 841. pikes are divided into 74. rankes of 11. pikes in eache ranke and 33. pikes remaininge and withe there culoures in the center shall close uppon the lefte hande of the English when occasion offereth 11 front 33. The Valones who gave relation of 939. pikes is divided
into 74. rankes of 12 pikes in eache ranke and 51. pikes remaininge and in offeringe occasion to fall into squadron shall observe this order and ioyne uppon the leifte hande of the Borgonones withe there coulores in the center 12 front 51. Advertisinge that of the 172. pikes that did remaine in the divisiones of the Spaniardes Irishe English Borgonones and Valones They shall by divided into 74. rankes of two pikes in eache ranke and shall close upp on the leifte hande of the Valones when occasion shall offer to fall into battell and there shall reste 24 pikes 2 front 24.  74 front 24. The firste division of shott that shall guarnishe or line the righte flanke of the squadron of pikes is divided into 74 rankes of five musketes in eache ranke consideringe that a pike can hardely defende under the shelter or defence of the same above five shott at the moste 370 musk The seconde division of shott that shall guarnishe the leifte flanke of the battell of pikes is divided into 74. rankes of five musketes in eache ranke 370 musk The thirde division of shott that is to guarnishe the full fronte of the battell of pikes and the two linenges of the same is divided into 84. rankes of five musketes in each rank 420 m. The fourthe division of shott that is for to guarnishe the rerewarde of the battell of pikes and the two linenge shott of the two flankes is divided into 84. rankes of five musketes in eache ranke 420 m. In the division of the full number of shott there did remaine oute of the division 10. musketes that is to guarnishe the coulores as in the divisiones of the shott is set downe 10 m.  1590 musk After lininge youre squadron of pikes proportionally every way as before declared the 4. guarnitiones of shott montes 1590. musketes whiche are to be substracted oute of the principall some or number of musketes whiche is 4500. there shall remaine 2910. musketes this remainder divide into 30. troupes and youe shall finde by youre division eache troupe to containe 97. musketes ordered and divided in the foure angles and two flankes of the battell of pikes to skirmishe acordinge as tyme occasion and situation shall require as by the figure folowinge youe may see who all thiefe divisiones do fall oute of there marche into aperfect squadron in the forme and maner as before declared and sett downe Advertisinge that oute of the laste troupe of musketes on the liefte angle of the battell muste by taken 10. musketes for the lininge shot of the culoures so that troupe of musketes containes but 87. musketes and all the reste 97. so that 10. muskeths difereth Advertisinge that the culoures of eache division of pikes shall marche in the center of the same so that when occasion shall offer they may with grace and brevity fall into battell array and withoute any crossinge or confusion nor cuttinge of rankes nor order as many do but unconfusedly with grace and brevetie fall into battell as by the figure followinge youe may see the 10. musketes youe take oute of one of the troupes of the angles for to guarnish the culoures are to by reckoned in theire due place as the divisiones of shott sheoweth and youe are not to reken them in the battell by reason they were borowed oute of one of the troupes of musketes And let none by ignorante that when the conveniente number of pikes and shott do not remaine oute of the divisiones to guarnish the culoures then of force order and array muste be broken in cutinge the shott and pikes necessary to guarnish them and so for not to err in the rekeninge the divisiones of the table of the battell are to by observed for beinge infalible and for bienge the producte of the generall rule of all the divisiones of the battell so is it to be under stoode that theire is no better surer nor brifer rule for this purpose By the figure folowinge and by the table and divisiones of the same you may see who eache nation doth march with the fronte and flanke acordinge the number of men they gave in relasion advertisinge that the culoures of each nation are to march in the cinter of theire division of pikes and the 74 rankes of pikes of 2 pikes in ranke that did remaine oute of the divisiones of the saide 6 nationes shall close upp on the leifte flanke of the battell of pikes as be the figure and divisiones followinge youe may plainely see who orderly oute of there march they fall unto battell with grace and brevity FRONT OF THE BATTELL SQUARE OF MEN. TABLE OF THE BATTEL THe Spaniardes are divided into 74. rankes of 14 pikes in each ranke monted 1036 pikes The Italianes into 74. rankes of 12. pikes 0888 pikes The Irish into 74. rankes of 12. pikes 0888 pikes The English into 74. rankes of 11. pikes 0814 pikes The Borgonones 74. rankes of 11. pikes 0814 pikes The Valones into 74. rankes of 12. pikes 0888 pikes The remainder of pikes of the six nasiones divided into 74. rākes of 2. pik in each 0148 pikes Pikes remaininge oute of the divisiones 24 pikes  5500 pikes The lininge shott of the righte flanke of the battell of pikes 0370 musk The lininge shot of the leifte flanke 370 musk The guarnision shot of the fronte monted 420 musk The guarnision of the reregarde 420 musk Shot remaininge oute of the divisiones 020 musk 2900. musketes divided into 30. troupes 2900 musk  4500 musk Advertisinge that oute of one of the troupes of musketes are to be taken 10. musketes with the other 10. that did remaine to guarnish the culoures still observinge the divisiones of the table for beinge infalible The greate battell of 10000. men before spoken of is nowe divided into three battelles square of men as by the figure folowing appeereth OF the then thousande men before spoken of and of whiche were framed abattell square of men and all redused into one boddy as before set downe and the forme of there divisiones Nowe supose that the Campe-master generall woulde have the self same nūber of 10000. men to be divided into three batteles square of men and to observe suche goode order in there divisiones that withe grace and brevity and withoute any crossinge or confusion they may fall oute of there marche into battell as by the divisiones and figure folowinge youe may see Advertisinge that of the Spaniardes and Italianes there shall by framed one squadron and of the Irishe and English another and of the Borgonones and Valones an other  Pikes Musketes Soulderes Spaniardes 1040 840 1880. Italianes 0888 780 1668. Irishe 0946 760 1706. Englishe 0840 740 1580. Borgonones 0847 694 1541. Valones 0939 686 1625.  5500 4500 10000.  Pikes Musketes Soulderes Spaniardes and Italianes 1928 1620 3548. Irish and English 1786 1500 3286. Burgonones and Valones 1786 1380 3176.  5500 4500 10000. NOwe
corseletes Wherfore i tought fitt to set downe the rules for the due orderinge in proportion of thiese severall sortes of armes for beinge moste necessary in many occasiones in warrlike affaires Put in case yove have 1112. souldieres of the whiche 260. are unarmed pikes 316. armed withe complett corseletes 114. officeres reformed and particular persones who are armed withe gilted corseletes and for the linenge shott 422. musketes Of the whiche number the campe master general woulde have a squadron square of men to be framed puttenge the unarmed pikes in the center proportionally lined every way withe the armed corseltes and the armed pikes proportionally lined withe the gilted corseletes and officeres reformed as also that the 4. sides of the full battell of pikes to be proportionally guarinshed withe the 422. musketes To wourke the whiche firste take 260. whiche is the unarmed pikes oute of whiche take the square roote whiche is 16 and. 4 pikes remayninge and say that 16 pikes is the fronte and flanke of yovre center of unarmed pikes That don take the full number of unarmed and armed pikes whiche is 576. oute of whiche also take the square roote which will be 24. nowe deducte of this 24.16 the raise or square roote of the unarmed pikes and there shall remaine 8. this 8. devide into two partes and it is 4. in eache parte and say that 16. rankes of 4. corseletes in eche ranke is to guarnish the right flanke of yovre center of unarmed pikes and so many more for the guarnision of the leifte flanke of the center of the unarmed pikes Nowe to proportionally line the fronte of the center say that to 16 the fronte of the center is to be aded 8 of the 2. lininges whiche make the 24. so say that the fronte is to be guarinshed withe 24. rankes of 4. armed pikes in eache ranke and so is the fronte of yovre center and unarmed pikes lined and the rerwarde is to be guarinshed withe the self same order imeane 24. rankes of armed pikes of 4. pikes in eache ranke so the center of the unarmed pikes is proportionally lined every way withe the complet corseletes Nowe to line the armed pikes withe the 114. gilted corseletes take the full number of pikes as well armed as unarmed whiche is 690. oute of whiche take the square roote whiche is 26. oute of this 26. the laste rays deducte 24. the square roote of yovre armed and unarmed pikes and there shall reste 2. this 2. devide into two partes whiche will be one and say that the righte flanke of the armed pikes are to be guarinshed withe onely 24. gilted pikes which iuste ocupies place of one in eache ranke of the flāke and iuste so many more for to guarinshe the leifte flāke of the armed pikes and say that the two flankes are guarinshed Nowe youre fronte is 26. and iuste so many gilted pikes are to guarinsh the outewarde side of the armed corseletes and iuste so many for the linenge of the rerwarde so youre squadron is proportionally guarinshed every way imeane the center withe the armed pikes and the armed pikes withe the gilted corseletes Nowe to devide youre 422. musketes youe are to take the square roote of the propounded and full number of pikes and shott whiche is 1112. whiche square roote will be 33. oute of this square deducte 26. the square roote that was of the full number of pikes and there shall remaine 7 this 7. devide into two partes the one will be 4. and the other 3. and say that by youre devition youe finde that the right flanke of youre squadron of pikes is to be lined withe 26. rankes of 4. musketes in eache ranke that don say that for the linenge shot of the leifte flanke youre devition yealdethe 26. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke so are youre two flankes of the squadron of pikes lined withe shott nowe withe the two linenges of shott youe finde the fronte to conteyne 33. and say that 33. rankes of 4. musketes is to line the full fronte of the battell of pikes and 33. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke is to guarnish the full fronte of the rerewarde for by the rule of divition and proportion it can not be other wise so youre unarmed pikes are in the center proportionally lined withe the corseletes and the corseletes withe the gilted armor and the squadron of pikes proportionally lined every way withe the 422. musketes as youe shall see by the figure and devisiones folowinge advertisinge that in youre devisiones there do remaine 4. unarmed pikes and 14. of the gilted corseletes and five musketes as in the devisiones folo winge youe may see all whiche are comprehended in the 23. the remainder of youre laste devision as here folowth declared A Squadron square of men 256 Pikes 64 Cors 64 Cors 96 Cors 96 Cors 24 Gilt. C. 24 Gilt. C. 26 Gilt. C. 26 Gilt. C. 104 Mus 78 Mus 132 Mus 99 Mus 4 Pik 14 Gilt. 5 Mus 1112. 16 Ran. 16 16 Rank 4 16 Rank 4 24 Ran. 4 24 Rank 4 24 Rank 1 24 Rank 1 26 Rank 1 26 Rank 1 26 Rank 4 26 Rank 3 33 Rank 4 33 Rank 3 260 Unarmed Pik 316 Armed Pik 114 Gilted Corsel 422 Musketes 1112 Consideringe that many are ingnorante in knowinge the proportion of many sortes of squadrones and unequall numberes ◠toughte necessary to put hire the tabel and rules for the same as hire foloweth I Woulde wishe allsuche as do pretende to step forwarde in the noble profeshion of armes troughe there prudēt cariadge and goode applicationes to consider that many goode partes are required in them amongste the which we finde it moste necessary that he be expert in aritmeticke for otherwise hardly can he bringe unto perfection the rare curiosities required to the severall executions of the arte of warr And especially the sundry devisiones of the severall sortes of squadrones which by dayly triall and experience we see that many who are not curiouse nor expert in aritmeticke do err in uerie many ocasiones and can not compass nor bringe to iuste perfection withe grace many rare occurantes in warrlike affaires and that for the moste parte resultinge of there litle aplicationes in imitatenge the vertouse prudent and approoved souldier and also troughe the blynde consideration of som who consideringe that nowe in oure later warres for the moste parte all electiones goes by favor frindship or affection yea and uery many by meanes of enteres so that very many do not take the paines in aplieinge them selves in learninge the severall rare curiosities of this arte but rather mocke and floute at those of rare and curiouse iudgementes by cause that their skill and capacitie can not reache in resolvinge the rare and deepe secretes of this arte after those of perfection in this arte we looke for those of imperfection we finde on every foote so none oughte to reprehende in absence wherof in presence he is ingnorante Proportiones
to oure pupose take the full number of pikes of the Spaniardes and Italianes whiche is 1928. pikes oute of whiche take the square roote whiche will by 43. and 79. pikes remainenge consideringe that 79. pikes are muche to remayne oute of the squadron divide 79 by 43. the square roote and the number in the quotiente will by one and 36. pikes yet remayninge this one youe founde oute of 79. ad it to 43. and it will by 44. and 36. pikes remaininge and say that 44. is the fronte of the battell of pikes and 43 the flanke nowe consider that hardly aboue 4. shott can by conveniently defended under the shelter and defence of the pike And say that youe will line youre battell of pikes proportionally by 4. musketes every way This resolution taken multiply 43. the flanke of the battell of pikes by 4. musketes the linenge shott the producte wherof will by 172. musketes for the lininge shott of the righte flanke of youre battell of pikes and iuste so many more for the lininge shott of the leifte flanke of the battel of pikes That don ad 8. the linenge shott of the two flankes to 44 the fronte of the battell of pikes whiche two aditiones makethe 52. the full fronte of the pikes and 2. linenges of the two flankes nowe to guarnishe the fronte of the battell of pikes multiply 52. by 4. the producte wherof will by 208. musketes whiche is the number of shott that shall guarnishe the fronte of the battell meaninge 52. rankes of 4. musketes in eache ranke That done say that the two flankes and fronte of the battell are lined withe shott Nowe to guarnishe the rerewarde of the battell observe the self same order and number where withe youe did guarnishe the fronte of the battell whiche was 52. rankes of 4. musketes in eache ranke and withe so many shall youe guarnishe the re rewarde of the battell and say that youre battell is proportionally lined every way withe shott Nowe for the division of the reste of youre shott take 1620. musketes the full number of shott propounded oute of whiche deducte 760. musketes the girdelinge shott of the 4. frontes of youre battell and there shall remaine 860. musketes Whiche i divide into 14. troupes of 60. musketes in each troupe of the which one troupe shall conteine 74. musketes by reason the division so fallethe oute and divided on the two flankes of the battell as by the divisiones and figure followinge aperethe whiche is the firste battell of the three and on the righte hande advertisinge that in the laste division of shott there did remaine 6. musketes where withe youe may guarnish the coulores withe them and withe the 36. pikes that did remaine oute of the division of youre pikes so youre propounded number of pikes and shott are divided Advertisinge that the fronte of this battell is 44. and the flanke 43. multiplienge the one by the other and adinge there vnto 36 pikes that doe guarnishe the coulores makethe the propounded number of pikes whiche was 1928. as by the divisiones followinge apeerethe advertising that youe are to cut ten musketes that wantes for the guarnision of the culoures oute of one of the troupes which youe shall finde to muche in the battell be reason they are borowed of one of the troupes so folowe the divisiones as they are set downe in the table which is the righte way and infalible Table of the firste battell  Pikes Musketes Souldieres Irishe 946 760 1706. Englishe 840 740 1580.  1786 1500 3286. THE SECONDE BATTELL NOwe that yove have done withe the number of pikes and shott the Spaniardes and Italianes gave Take the 3286 men whiche is given in relation be the Irishe and Englishe of the whiche 1786 are pikes and 1500. musketes To reduce them into a perfecte squadron square of men and to be proportionally lined and guarnished every way withe shott To wourke the whiche firste take the number of pikes whiche is 1786. oute of whiche take the square roote whiche will by 42 and there shall remaine 22. pikes whiche may be imployed to guarnishe the coullores that don say that 42 is the fronte and flanke of the battell of pikes and 22. pikes remaininge And supose that occasion offerethe that youe finde necessary the lininge shott not to pass 3. in ranke under the shelter and defence of apike Nowe to finde oute the lininge shott of the righte flanke of youre battell of pikes multiply 42. the flanke of the pikes by 3. musketes that is aleowed for the linenge shott the producte wherof will by 126. or 42. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke then say the righte flanke of the pikes are lined withe shott and iuste so many more rankes of shot shall serve for the lininge of the leifte flanke of the battel of pikes observinge the self same number and order as did the linenge shott of the right flanke of the battell of pikes whiche is 42. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke whiche monteth to 126. musketes nowe to guarnish the fronte of the battel of pikes whiche is 42. ad therunto the two lininges whiche 3. aditiones will by 48. the full fronte of the pikes and of the two lininges whiche youe shall multiply by 3. the producte wherof will by 144. musketes or 48. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke so the two flankes and fronte of the battell of pikes are proportionably lined Nowe to guarnish the reregarde of the battell of pikes withe shott observe the self same order before set downe for the lininge of the fronte of the pikes That is to say 48. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke so youre battell of pikes is proportionally lined every way That don substracte the 540. musketes the linenge shott of the two flankes fronte and rerwarde oute of the principall number of shott whiche is 1500 and there shall reste 960. musketes whiche youe shall divide by 12. or into 12 troupes and the quotiente of youre division alowethe 80. musketes in eache troupe whiche yove may double when occasion require that don say that the reste of youre shott is divided into 12. trovpes of 80. musketes in eache troupe to be divided on the two flankes of the battell of pikes to squirmish in single or double siele as occasion and situation shall require so al youre pikes and shot are divided advertisinge that the 22. pikes that did remaine oute of the division of the pikes are to guarnish the coulores as by the divisiones folowinge youe may see Advertisenge that by reason no musketes did remaine oute of the divisiones youe are to cutt of one of the troupes 12. musketes to guarnish the coulores whiche are not to be rekoned in the boddy of the battell but for borowed but where the divisiones fauleth and sheoweth whiche is the righte way as here under youe see in the table which is unfalible Table of the seconde battell  Pikes Musketes Souldieres Borgonones
847 694 1541. Valones 939 686 1625.  1786 1380 3166. THE THIRDE BATTELL NOwe to frame the thirde Battell of the 3166. men the Borgonones and Valones gave in relation meaninge 1786. pikes and 1380. musketes firste take the propounded number of pikes whiche is 1786. oute of whiche take the square roote whiche yove shall finde to be 42. soe that 42. is the fronte and flanke of the battell and 22. pikes remaininge whiche shall serve to guarnishe the culoures Put in case that occasion requirethe that youre linenge shott is to be no more then 3. musketes in ranke and say that 42. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke shall guarnishe the righte flanke of the battell of pikes and juste so many more for the linenge of the leifte flanke whiche two linenges makethe 252. musketes that don take 42. the fronte of the pikes and ad therunto 6. the linenge shott of the two flankes whiche two aditiones will make 48. To guarnishe the fronte of youre battell of pikes say that the thirde division of shott is 48. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke and juste so many more rankes for the linenge shott of the rerewarde of the battell of pikes observinge the self same order as dothe the thirde division of shott meaninge 148. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke whiche two divisiones for the linenge shott of the fronte and rerewarde makethe 288 musketes and soe the 4. sides of youre battell of pikes are proportionally lined every way the foure linenges importheth 540. musketes That don substracte 540. musketes oute of the full number of shot whiche is 1380. and there shall remaine 840. musketes whiche yove shall divide as time occasion or situation shall require whiche nowe i suppose conveniente to be divided into twenty troupes to be divided on the two flankes of the battell of pikes to skirmishe where occasion shall require in single or double fiele as the situation shall permitt and the occasion shall require at 42. musketes in eache troupe soe all youre shott and pikas are divided as before declared Advertisinge that the culoures shall marche in the center guarnished withe the 22 pikes that did remaine in the division of the pikes and by reason no shott did remaine oute of the divisiones of youre shott yove may take 12. shott oute of the laste division of shott to guarnishe the culoures soe youre three battelles are framed and by the figure folowinge youe see howe oute of there divisiones they fall into battell Greate consideration and curiosity is to by vnderstoode for the severall divisiones of shott as tyme and occasion shall require alwayes consideringe the situation and disposition of the grounde as also of the severall occasiones and advantadges in skirnmishenge withe greate or smale troupes withe single or double file and in whate distance when the enemy dothe abounde on horse and when nott and also in preventinge in due time the orderes and stratageames of the enemy Let none by ingnorante that when in the divisiones of pikes and shott theire resteth not inough to guarnish the culoures of force the necessary shott and pikes required for that purpose are to be cutt of the winges or troupes of the flankes and are to be rekoned where theire firste divisiones did fall as declared in the table of the battelles for if youe reken them in the battell and where their firste division did fall it can not confronte with the divisiones so observe still the rule of the divisiones as set downe and declared in breefe in the table of the battelles which is the righte way and generall rule This table is neowlie invented for that purpose where presentlie withoute any paines or trouble youe shall finde the reasones and proportion of all the divisiones of the batteles in breefe as well of the shott as of the pikes as also whate remaineth oute of the divisiones whiche table is of rare importance for the breefe explicatinge and orderinge of all the divisiones of battelles And besides for cause that many auctores do leaue the same in obscuritie to avoide prolixity as also to disperte the ingeniouse understandinge of those of perfection in this arte Table of the thirde battell Pikes contained in the boddy of the battell 1764 pikes Pikes remaininge to guarnish the culors 022 pikes Lininge shott of the righte flanke 126 musketes Lininge shott of the leifte flanck 126 musketes Lininge shott of the fronte of the battell 144 musketes Lininge shott of the fronte of the rergarde 144 musketes Musketes divided into 20. troupes on the flankes of the battell 828 musketes Musketes deducted to guarnish the culours 012 musketes  3166 men SQUARE OF MEN. Fronte of the seconde Battell Fronte of the firste Battell Fronte of the thirde Battell A Squadron square of grounde of 1116. souldieres of the whiche 576. are pikes and 540. musketes to reduce them into aperfecte squadron square of grounde firste take the propounded number of pikes whiche is 576. whiche youe shall multiply by 3. the producte wherof will be 1728 this producte divide by 7. and the number in the quotient will by 246. oute of this 246. take the square roote whiche will by 15. and say that youe founde oute the flanke of the battell of pikes nowe to finde oute the fronte of the battell take the propounded number of pikes whiche was 576. whiche youe shall divide by 15. the flanke the quotiente wherof will by 38. whiche is the fronte of the battell of pikes and there restethe 6. pikes whiche shall serve to guarnish the coulores so that 38. is the fronte and 15. the flanke Nowe for the division of youre 540. musketes firste say that for the girdelinge shott of the righte flanke of the battell of pikes muste marche 16. rankes of 5. musketes in eache ranke comprehended the ranke of the culors so the firste division of shott of the van garde is divided into 16. rankes of five musketes in eacheranke And the seconde division of shott of the vangarde and firste winge of the right flanke of the battell of pikes is divided into 19. rankes of 5. musketes in eache ranke The thirde division or winge of the vāgarde is also divided into 19. rankes of 5. musketes in eache ranke whiche shall serve for the seconde winge of shott of the vangarde and righte flanke of the battell of pikes so that 270. musketes the iuste haulf of the propounded number of shott are comprehended in the saied 3. divisiones of shott of the vangarde and righte flanke of the battel of pikes And for the girdelinge shott and two winges of the leifte flanke of the battell of pikes are also lefte iuste so many more Whiche shall observe the self same order in linenge the leifte flanke of the pikes Imeane 16. rankes of five musketes in eache for the girdelinge shott of the leifte flanke of the battell of pikes and 2. slives of 19. rankes of 5. musketes in eache ranke in whiche 6.
troupes of musketes on the angles of the battell are to by taken 8. musketes which wantes to guarnish the culoures be reason no musketes did remaine in theire laste division also be reason no pikes did reste in the division of the pikes y cut 21. pikes of the flanke to guarnishe the culoures so the fronte of the battel of pikes shall by but 49. pikes And by reason the divisiones are before shut upp thies 8 musketes difereth in the rekoninge so that when aconv eniente number of pikes and shott doe not remaine oute of the divisiones suficiente to guarnish the culoures the above observation mu ste be kepte as ordered in the Table of the battell so to confronte the divisiones with the propounded number yove are to by informed by the table for bienge infallible A Battell of 2025. Souldieres divided into five battelles square of grounde of the whiche number 945. are pikes and 1080 musketes whiche are equally divided into five batteles and proportionally lined withe the propounded number of shott whiche is 1080. musketes as the divisiones and figure folowinge sheowethe To wourke the whiche firste take the propounded number of pikes whiche is 945 and divide it into five partes or by five and the number in the quotiente will by 189. whiche is the iuste number of pikes youre division yealdethe for eache battell of the five nowe to finde oute the fronte and flanke of eache battell take 189. pikes whiche youre division alowethe for eache battell of pikes and multiply the same by 3. the producte wherof will by 567. this producte divide by 7. and the number in the quotient will by 81. oute of this 81. the quotiente take the square roote whiche will by 9. and say that 9. is the flanke of eache one of the five batteles of pikes nowe to finde the fronte take the propounded number of pikes whiche youre division did alowe to eache battell of pikes whiche was 189. this 189 pikes divide by 9 the flanke the quotiente wherof will by 21. and nothinge remayninge and say that 21. pikes is the fronte and 9. the flanke of eache battell of pikes before spoken of and when yove will have them fall into squadron lett them marche in 3. maniples of 9. rankes of 7. pikes in eache ranke withe the coulors in the center of the midel maniple and so shall they fall withe grace and brevity into battell and withoute any crosinge or confushion To guarnishe the coulors yove may cutt nine pikes of the flanke of eache battell and so shall the fronte conteine but 20. pikes nowe for the division of the propounded number of shott whiche was 1080. musketes supose that yove woulde have eache battell of pikes to be proportionally lined alowinge 3. musketes under the shelter or defence of the pike firste say that the firste division of shott that shall girdel the right flanke of the firste battell of pikes shall conteine 9. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke and iuste so many more for the girdelinge shott of the leifte flanke so is the 2. flankes of the battell of pikes guarnished Nowe to guarnishe the fronte of the battell of pikes withe shott say that 21. is the frōte of the battell of pikes and adinge thereūto the two lininges it makethe 27. and say that the third division of shott is to marche withe 27. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke whiche shall guarnishe the full fronte of the battell of pikes and two lininges Nowe the two flākes and fronte of the battell of pikes are guarnished and guarnish the rerwarde of the battell of pikes observe the self same order as yove did in guarnishinge the fronte of the battell of pikes whiche was 27. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke so youre battell of pikes is proportionally lined every way as before declared The selfe same order shall by observed for the linenge and girdelinge shott of the other foure batteles of pikes as more plainely shall a peere by the divisiones and figure folowinge The firste division of shott that dothe guarnishe the righte flanke of the battell of pikes is divided into nine rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke 27 musk The seconde division of shott that guarnisheth the leifte flanke of the battell of pikes shall observe the self same order 27 musk The thirde division of shott that shall guarnishe the full fronte of the battell of pikes and of the two linenges is divided into 27. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke monted 81 musk The fourthe division that dothe guarnishe the rerwarde of the battell of pikes shall observe the self same order Imeane 27. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke 81 musk  216 musk By the above mentioned foure divisiones yove see who the firste battell of pikes is proporsionally guarnished withe shott whiche 4. divisiones makethe 216. musketes and the self same order shall be observed to guarnishe eache one of the other foure battelles of pikes whiche makethe up 1080 musketes the propounded number for the five batteles as youe may plainely see by the figure folowinge howe they fall oute of there marche and divisiones into battell as before declared advertisinge that in the divisiones of the pikes and shott there did remaine nothinge Fronte of the seconde Battell Fronte of the firste Battell Fronte of the thirde Battell Fronte of the fifthe Battell Fronte of the fourthe Battell Table of the five Batteles Divisiones of the firste Battell Firste division is 9. r. of 7. pikes 63 pikes  Seconde division Idem 63 pikes  The thirde division Alsoe 63 pikes   189 pikes  Multiplied by five 5.  Pikes of the five Batteles 945 pikes  Lininge shott of the righte flanke of the firste battell of pikes 9. rankes of musketes in eache ranke 27 musk  Lininge shot of the lieft flank 9. r. of 3. musketes 27 musk 945 musk Liningh shot of the front 28. r. of 3. m. in each ranke 81 musk 1080 pikes Guarnision of shot of the reregarde 28. r. of 3. musketes 81 musk 2025 men  216 musk  Multiplied by 5.  Lininge shott of the 5. battelles 1080.  Advertisinge that no pikes nor shot did remaine oute of the divisiones to guarnishe the culoures so that one ranke of pikes and shott may by cutt all a longeste the fronte or flanke of each battell to guarnish the culoures COnsideringe that crosse batteles are of wonderful force as well aganiste horse as foote as also for the safegarde of bagage amunitiones and hurtemē i toughte necessary to put downe the rule for the framinge of suche forte of batteles put in case that youe have 2032. souldieres of the whiche 1000. are pikes and 1032. are musketes and that youe wouled have this number divided into foure battelles of broade fronte proporsionally lined every way withe the propounded number of shott To wourke the whiche firste take the number of pikes whiche is 1000. and divide the same by
pasadge and let the order not by so broade in fronte but that it may convenientely marche withoute breakinge order or array nor lesher then the thirde parte of the fronte of the battell of pikes if the situation so permit for cause thatt all prevensiones posible to be had for the breefe framinge of battelles are to by more esteemed rather then fall abreakinge often times order and array as very many unable Sardgente mayores comonly do but rather prudently with grace and brevitie and withoute any crossinge or confusion or breakinge of any ranke fall into battell thies and many more dificulties are with facilitie reduced into theire iuste perfection by prudente and brave conductores and with grace and brevitie The rule to frame triangle battelles is to bigin withe one man in the firste ranke 3. in the seconde 5. in the thirde seaven in the fourthe and so consequenty augmentinge 2 in every ranke untill youe finish youre battell this unused proporsion i put downe to contente those whiche woulde faine knowe the forme of suche battelles and bisides that à Sardgente mayor oughte not to by ingnorante in any maner of forme or proporsiones of squadrones and that withe facilitie and speede he may change the forme and proporsion as time ocasion and situasion shall require and that bisides ocasion may offer that situasion shoulde presente fit for suche formes so that a Sargente mayor oughte not to by ingnorante in no forme of squadrones Fronte A Battell of broade square of 6000. men of the whiche 1930. are complet corseletes and 4070. musketiers ordered and divided as folowethe firste take the propounded number of pikes whiche is 1930. this number divide be 3 the quotiente wherof will by 643. oute of this quotiente take the square roote whiche will by 25. whiche is the flanke of the battell of pikes That don to finde oute the fronte of the battell take the propounded number of pikes and divide the same by 25 the flanke whiche quotient wil by 76. and 30. pikes remaininge and say that 76. is the fronte and 25. the flanke of the battell of pikes and that the 30. pikes shall be to guarnishe the coulores nowe for the division of the 4070. musketes put in case that yove woulde have the battell to be proporsionally lined every way withe shott consideringe that five shott is the moste that can be conueniently defended under the shelter or defence of the pike and say that yove will have the battell to by guarnished withe five musketes in ranke to wourke the whiche take 27. the flanke comprehended the two rankes of the coulores and say that the firste division of shott is 27. rankes of five musketes in eache ranke whiche is the girdelinge shott of the righte flanke and iuste so many for the linenge of the liefte flanke nowe to finde oute the shott that shall guarnishe the full fronte of the battell of pikes and the two linenges take 10. the linenges of the two flankes and ad it to 76. the fronte whiche two aditiones makethe 86. and say that the guarnision of shott of the fronte of the battell of pikes and two linenges shall marche withe 86. rankes of five musketes in eache ranke nowe for the linenge shott of the rerewarde of the battell of pikes observe the self same order meaninge 86. rankes of five musketes in eache ranke so the two flankes fronte and rerwarde of the battell of pikes is proportionally lined whiche 4. divisiones of shott makethe 1130 musketes nowe for the division of the reste of the shott substracte 1130. the 4 lininges oute of 4070. musketes the principall some and there shall reste 2940. musketes whiche can not come under the shelter nor defence of the pikes whiche i divide into 40. maniples of 74. musketes in eache maniple exepte one troupe that conteines but 54. musketes whiche i divide on the flankes of the battell of pikes to skirmishe in singell or double fiele as tyme ocasion and disposition of the grounde shall permit so all youre shott are divided as before set downe and as by the divisiones and figure folowinge ordered and howe oute of there marche they fall into squadron advertisinge that the coulores shall marche in the center and midele maniple of pikes and the 30. pikes that remainethe for to guarnishe the coulors shall also marche in the same maniple all whiche divisiones are plainly ordered as by the figure folowinge yove may see who oute of there marche they fall into battell withe grace and brevity in observinge the divisiones ordained when of a sodaine yove woulde have the pikes oute of there marche to fall withe grace and brevity into battell cause the firste division of pikes to marche withe 25. rankes of 16. pikes in eache ranke then another maniple of 25. rankes of 15 pikes in eache ranke then another maniple withe the self same order withe the coulores in the center guarnished withe the 30. pikes that did remaine after the maniple of the coulors shall marche two other maniples of 15. rankes of 5. pikes in eache ranke as hire folowēge yove shall see The firste division of pikes is divided into 25. rankes of 16. pikes in eache ranke maketh 400 pikes The seconde division of pikes is divided into 25. rankes of 15. pikes in eache ranke whiche shall folowe the firste monted 375 pikes The thirde division in whiche center the coulores are to marche is divided into 25. rankes of 15. pikes in eache ranke and dothe conteine in all the some of 375 pikes The fourthe division and maniple of pikes is divided into 25. rankes of 15. pikes in eache ranke whiche dothe conteine 375 pikes The fifthe and laste division also 375 pikes And 30. pikes that did remaine for the coloures 30 pikes  1930 pikes FOr the framinge of batteles bastarde square whiche the Spaniarde and Italian call prolongado that is to say longe in flanke the rule whiche is used for the framinge of theese sortes of batteles is the self same of the broade square and the diference is that the fronte of the one is flanke of the other as for example supose yove woulde have abattell bastarde square to be framed of 700. pikes To wourke the whiche do as yove did in framinge the batteles of broade fronte in dividinge the saied number of 700. pikes by 3 the quotiente wherof will be 233. oute of whiche quotiente take the square roote whiche will by 15. whiche is the fronte of the bastarde square nowe to finde the flanke take 700. the propounded number of pikes and divide the same by 15. the fronte the quotient wherof will by 46. the flanke of the bastarde square and restethe 10. pikes And if of this self same number of 700. pikes yove woulde frame asquadron of broade square the flanke of the bastarde square will by the fronte of the broade square so that the rule whiche is used for the one will serve for the other The diference is that the fronte
Whiche ought to by reputed in a personadge of so many a proved and goode partes This office is of such greate importance that the securitie and goode success of the whole army dependes for the moste parte on him as a cheefetaine and head over the whole army and all the orderes of the Kinge are by him given and by his comaunde observed But when the Captaine generall is in presence all muste depende on him beinge a Superior and nexte under him the Camp-master generall as Lugarteniente and in his absence doth comaunde the whole army This office with the Romaines was of greate and high estimation which they cauled Metador he is to be of suche extraordinarie prudence and care that not withstandinge he givethe the necessarie orderes he him selfe muste visite and see who all thinges are ordered for which he is to have nexte his person a rare Inginier for many effectes and for the dividinge of the campe betwexte the Regimentes Cavalleria and Artillerie the necessarie grounde distance and circuide for the same in dividinge the juste proportion of grounde due to severall sortes of nationes in whiche greate consideration oughte to by used for whiche purpose he hafe a Quarter-master generall whiche oughte to by curiouse in thies Firste shall be a pointed the fitteste place for the Generall and if they re by any reall personadge consideration also is to be taken This place is to by chosen for the moste a sureste and beste placinge the Cavallerie on the outewarde side and the Infanterie on the other side he beinge shutt and inviorened betwexte both The quarter of the Artillerie and of his courte and traine is to be ordained in a sure place and well garded rounde a boute on every side They re traine of Officeres gastadores wourkmen pertrechos of sundrie sortes of munitiones ocupies greate roome The Cavalleres and pinsioneres nexte the generall is person Auditor generall Provoste generall a Tambor mayor generall and many more folowinge the Generall are to be placed not farr from the Generall and the Provedor generall is also to be placed not farr distance if a conveniente place can be founde for his purpose for he alsoe requireth muche roome for his amunitiones and wagones The Infanterie shall invieron the whole campe the Ingineres are alsoe to visite all over the campe and findinge that water is not plintifull to open pittes in the beste and convenienteste places for the same In the ocasiones and repartitiones that shall offer in imployenge the foote and horse in convoyes to scoute and recnowledge douptefull places and oecasiones and to featche foradge it oughte to goe by turne soe that eache one shall take his share of the paines and troubles excepte onelie in time of hote and extraordinarie service for in suche ocasiones greate considerationes oughte to by had in choysinge those that are more fitt for the purpose which shall by imployed as it shall by more fitt Greate care oughte to by taken in due time to by well provided of all sortes of amunitiones as alsoe of all sortes of vituales and take a speciall care that all thinges be prevented in due time that the enemy doe not let or hinder youre convoyes nor the pasadges where they come with all sorte of provision for the campe and to by prevented a gainste all stratagemes they can prevente When the army shall marche and that they re shall by many regimentes of severall nationes in they re divisiones and in the observinge of goode order greate care and industrie is required givinge order that eache nation by they re turne shall marche in the vangarde battell and rergarde for beinge so conveniente for his Majesties service If youe chance to marche troughe an enemy countrie or neere unto they re frontieres greate vigilance and goode order needeth to by observeth it importeth alsoe to get goode and faithfull guides and diferente spies of truste for feare of fraude as alsoe for to have goode inteligence of the enemies designes in due time In suche ocasiones nedeth muche to sende before some horse in a certaine distance to discover and learne the plottes and stratagemes of the enemy to hinder oure journey Havinge had inteligence and beinge well informed that the enemy are waitinge for to hinder youe Cause the Artilleâ—ie to marche with they re garde and drawe upp the Infanterie in goode order on the other side of the Artillerie betwexte them and the enemy and the horse alsoe on the outewarde side of the Infanterie and in a goode distance of It is necessarie to by prevented of the enemies designes and consider the situation where youe marche soe that youre divisiones may acordinglie be ordered as the situation shall permit and require In narowe and straighte pasadges goode order is to by observed and specially where the enemy is to be suspected and that the Sardgentes be verie carefull in acomplishinge they re obligationes soe that they re be no crossinge nor confusion and suche as shall not keepe they re rankes to severelie punish them in publick in as muche that they and the behoulderes may take notice of the same soe that in oferinge ocasion with grace and brevitie they may of a sodaine fall into battell If inteligenee be had that the enemy be stronge on horse in the vangarde or way where wee intende to pass and that the pasadge where wee march be soe narowe that oure horse beinge in the vangarde and beinge chardged and broken by the enemyes horse and that the narownes of the pasadge doe not permit that they may pass on eyther of the two flankes of the Infantery and beinge brocken they fall on oure order and wee incurr greate danger if the enemy doe followe with a brave resolution if they re be no remedie that they may pass on eyther of the two sides of force way is to be made for them and the shott are to come all on one side of the pasadge and make way and the pikes are to be opened on bothe sides of the way in thies ocasiones and many more occurrantes in warr greate danger may ocurr excepte prevension be prudentlie taken in due time In suche ocasiones a troupe of musketes and arcabuseros are necessarie to by sente in the vangarde and then five or six rankes of pikes which with they re fronte shall ocupie the pasadge which shall reviwe recnoledge and advertice if they re by any danger or ambuscado After thies the reste shall march in goode order as before declared in the office of the Sardgent mayor In the rergarde shall the Cavallerie marche with a garde of short and pikes after which shall marche the Cavallerie in order and if inteligence be had that in the vangarde they re by any impedimente or lett that oure Artillerie can nott pass or any parte of the army lett they re marche a Company of gastadores with they re Captaine to acomodate thies impedimentes and in case the enemy by suspected to conducte them for
Officeres that therebe his prudence and valeor may by the better understoode electinge them as neere equall to him selfe as may be possible rather then sellinge the same after choysinge his Officeres as a foresaied before he marches vvithe the same he is firste to cause the culores to be bleste and afterwardes deliver the same to the Alferis giving him to understande the honor recomended to his chardge and that he is allwayes to take a speciall care of the same and to die in defence therof as before declared Then he is to devide them into squadrones electinge and naminge one squadron for him selfe of those of beste qualities and conditiones for beinge soe necessary and of emportance For of them moste comonly he is to choise his Officeres and consulte with them In o cationes of fighte and enconteres with the enemy moste comonlie they are nexte his owne person respectinge and honoringe them as his owne person and sometimes they are employed for cavose or Comaunderes of some brave exploytes It emporteth alsoe that in the o ther squadrones ther by some particular Souildieres and a ventajados He is to procure that all by goode Cristianes and of a goode and verteuse life to heere mass and often confes for beinge the true fundasion of happiness he is to a comodate all disorderes quarelles and disputes that shall happen amongste them and reprehende those of bad exāples and dishoneste behavior and if by faire meanes they doe not a minde to drive them a vvay For factioneres and infamouse fellowes are not to be permitted to a Company the Kinges culores nor to equal them selves vvith the observeres of the noble arte of vvarr In o cationes of marchinge with his Company let him procure not to be troubled with much bagadge and specially to use suche moderation in not permitenge that his Souldieres be overloaden with lugadge or traishes as some times happened butt rather to goe as lighte as may by possible vvith onelie they re armor and o ther litle inescusall necessaries that therby they may vvith the lesser empedimente manadge they re armes and fighte with the more resolution in offering o cation In each Company of Infantery it were necessarie theyr shoulde be a feowe horses permited to some Officeres and particular persones but not many Thies horses doe serve for many purposes and specially to recnoledge passadges and places vvhere the enemy may be suspected to be in ambuscado which for suche o cationes are verie requisit as alsoe to sende vvarninge of sodaine o cationes of importance He is not to a tempte o cationes of litle a peerāee faringe it shoulde fall oute unhappilie excepte he be constrayned therunto of necessitie for such as do not prevente and forecaste they re successes in time are wonte when the o cation offereth to by muche troubled yea and some times oute of they re vvittes he is to by carefull in a complishinge and observinge the orderes givē him by the Officers mayores vvhen manifeste o cation doth not offer that the a complishinge of suche orderes shoulde be hurtefull It is verie necessarie he knoweth eache souldier of his Company by his name and in o cationes of marchinge that he procure and see that they still observe they re order and rankes and not to permit them to stragle hire and there for beinge verie necessarie for many o cationes because that greate scādeles doe arise trough the over much liberty of stragleres in spoyling gardines orchardes and the houses of the inhabitāce or contrye where they march wherof resulte greate discorde and discontentmente to the inhabitantes for the loshes they receive of some unrulie campaniones In the redresinge vvherof the Captaine is to be verie carefull and not to permit them to by rigerouse with they re hoste for they re meales butt rather contente them vvhith vvhate he can give and see those that do not observe thies orderes severelie punished For beinge the obligation of a goode Cristian and vertuese Souldier If o ther wise he doe hardly can he escape scandales and bad reputasion and besides if it come to the Generall is eares He and his Officeres are in danger of reprehension yea and often times see they re Souldiers hanged before they re faces for they re spoyles don uppon the poore innocente people Wherfore they re have beene many punishmentes executed for such and semblable disorderes Julius Caesar passinge from Cicilia to Africa againste Cipio and Kinge Juda de Numidia havinge lefte in that Ilande the minthe and tenth legion and afterwardes when he sente for them beinge informed of the Captaines and o ther Officeres in permitinge they re Souldieres to spoyle the contry vvithoute ministringe any goode discipline comanded that they shoulde by broughte in presence of the vvhole army reprehended they re bad goverment presently comaunded them to by banished oute of the army and yvithoute any delay to embarck oute of all Africa The licke punishmentes did Ducke de Alva in the vvarres of Portugal reforminge soe many Captaines for theyres and they re Souldiers disorderes They vvere banished for example to the reste of the Captaines and Officers of the army and soe many Souldieres vvere executed to death for robberies and stelth that in they re reconinge vvas founde that more Souldiers vvere executed to death by justice for theyr disorderes then killed or dead o ther vvise in that vvarr Disorderlie shall he governe in vvarr vviche never was practised in the arte Wherfore it vvere verie necessary that men chosen for this office shoulde wourdily passe trough all the degries before spoken of or at leaste parte of them to the ende he may the better knowe howe to governe and comaunde and particularlie that he be alwais mindfull to feare God and to be verteouse and experimented in martiall affaires in many can thies goode partes be had and many more and in suche as they cannot be wholie founde let they re choyse be made of those of vvhome the moste are to by founde because that itt importeth muche the Kinges service for all observation of military discipline If he be comaunded vvith his Company and o ther troupes ioyned to them as often times do happen to the garde or defence of a ny place Let him vvith greate care vigilance and valeor animate his Souldieres and consulthe vvith his Officeres and beste experimented Souldieres and beinge resolved let him with all care and speede fortifie and intrince him selfe as many brave and valiante Captaines have don sheowinge them selves vvith prudence valeor and brave conduction presentinge them selves in all actiones of the firste with a brave and resolute determination but let him by verie varie that he a tempte nothinge inconsiderate and raish as often times happened to ingnorant men of litle experience to they re owne and Companies confusion To a voide such enconveniences and hasardes let him be verie carefull to a complish and observe the orderes and instructiones given by the higher
Comaunderes If o cation do nott offer wherof greater domadge may insue or a goode o cation to by loste in whiche Captaines are some times of force to prudently prevente the beste Let him never deney a ny honorable interprice beinge comaunded thereunto be the Generall or Governor though he finde it a jorney of greate danger But he is to presente his reasones if he finde o cation necessarie and soe fall on vvith a valerouse determination He shall vvith a generouse mynde and goode vvourkes procure to vvin the good vvill of his Souldieres a continge them as his sones and children and that by suche faire meanes in not sheowing him selfe over coveteouse and greedy but rather liberall still secoringe his Souldieres to his abilitie in they re necessities and vvantes and not to basely wronge them in robbinge or deceivinge them of they re payes as some Captaines are wonte to doe with litle honestie or feare of God makinge a comon practice therof trough whiche they win bad fame and toughte and reputed by they re higher Comaunderes unwourdie of the name of a Captaine and often times are severely punished for the same and deprived of they re Companies vvith a juste sentence He is to be verie carefull to visite the centeries and corpes de Garde under his chardge sheowinge greate diligence care and punctualitie in his owne persone that the Officeres and Souldieres doe imitate him and precisely a complish vvith they re obligationes a cordinge the orderes given by the highe Superiores and be him Let him be carefull that his Souldieres be not given to vice and to much libertie trough there owne negligence and bad a plicationes all fin fallinge into bad customes for in permittenge thies unruly factes vvithoute necessarie redress he offendeth God and his Kinge for they beinge under his chardge as his familie he is to cause everie one of them to confess at leaste once in ayeare and specially in all times and o cationes of danger of death as befiteth a goode Cristian to doe It is verie necessarie to haue a goode furiell a ble in Aritmeticke as also in readinge and vvritinge and to be one of truste and vvell acquainted for the lifte and reconinges of the Company moste comonly is refered to his chardge as vvell to pass muster of his Company as in distributing munitiones armes and a parell vvhich are given be the Kinge to the Souldieres of vvhich he is to yealde a compte when it is sought for by the Prince is ministeres to vvhose chardge the same a pertayneth to thies furielles or clearkes dothe a pertaine to receive the orderes for the makinge of quarteres in townes Viladges and campana from the furiell mayor as shall be ordained and a pointed by him and moste comonly the distributinge and devidinge of the quarteres are refered to the chardge of the Sardgente It hapēeth some times that the furiell doth marche with his Company a lone from one place to a nother may be of reasonable distance carienge vvith him his patente or order for the same goinge for the moste parte before the Companie to cause the quarter to be made att they re a rivenge In suche o cationes the Captaine is to be verie carefull that thies persones do not comit greate faultes as some times happen trough the covetousenes of such persones resultinge often times troubles to his Captaine for robbinge and stealinge not onelie in the vvay butt alsoe in the Villadge vvhere they doe lodge spoylinge the same and givinge o cation to the inbitanes to run avvay Whiche disorderes soe comitted doe often times come to the highe Comaunderes eares and chardinge all uppon the Captaine is honeor and reputasion and the factioneres run avvay for feare of punishmente and sometimes thies furielles or Clearckes in meetinge a goode fellowe doe fall a drinckinge and makinge goode cheere and his chardge not finised nor findinge him nor knowen vvhere to be founde yea and often times for a peece of money leaves the Company trustinge to smale comoditie and it may by in o cationes of moste necessitie beinge vveary and vvett to the skin thinckinge to stopp they re mouthes vvith envented fables and lyes for which disorders the Captaine as a father of his Souldieres is to see him severely punished beinge thereunto bounde for the dischardge of his conicience and reputation It is verie necessary for the Captaine and Company to have a goode Chapleyn reasonable learned and specially verteouse and of goode life and examples But not a frier excepte it be vvith licence of his Superiores Aboue all o ther prpfessiones the arte of vvarr is of moste danger soe the Souldier is to be verie earneste to be devote and of cleere conscience for he is more neerer dangeres of death then any o ther sorte of men and it is necessarie that he allwayes haue a prieste not far of for the soules health To whome he may cōfess at all times and o cationes a cordinge as time and necessitie shall require In the choisinge and keepinge of thies priestes the Captaines in conscience are bounde to procure that they be verteouse and of goode life if o therwise itt were far better not to have any at all He is of necessitie to have a barber in his Company and if it be possible of goode skill in this arte for beinge a verie necessarie instrumēte in warr for when a Souldier is hurte the greateste comforte he can have is a goode barber that shall cure him vvell and with speede for if he depende to be cured by another which at all times is not to be had excepte he sende for him may by a far of hardlie can he be well cured and besides he is in danger of deathe If the wounde or hurte be dangerouse he is both in danger and trouble This beinge such a necessarie instrumente in warr and because that Souldieres are men of libertie they fall often times into many disgraces excepte they re Officeres have a speciall care to prevente the necessarie remedies For whiche and for many more dangeres they incurr it is uerie necessarie they have a goode barber as before spoken And if his pay be not able to intertaine him with instrumentes and o ther necessaries the Officeres and Souldieres are to further and asiste him that he may the better and with a more willinge minde serve them and a complish with the more punctualitie his obligationes In o cationes of marchinge with his Company the Captaine and other Officeres are to by verie earneste that they re Souldieres doe not dismaunde oute of theyr order and rankes as many unruly factioneres doe litle regardinge they re Captaines honeor nor they re owne reputation as before declared and at his departinge oute of any towne or viladge where he shall lodge though it were but for one nighte He is to see all disorderes comitted redressed not opresinge nor a beedinge injuries don to the poore innocente inhabitantes but
complet goode muskett and that by no meanes it by permitted to cutt any peece of the barell as some doe to lighten it and such as are founde gilthie in this soe greate a faulte oughte to by severlie punished They are to be provided vvith goode flaskes and flaskillos vvith faire and stronge cordes and hurquillos of six foote vvith they re yrones on both endes as behooveth and the Arcabuseros are to be provided with goode caliveres of a stronge and sure barrell fitt to receive a bullet of an once or verie litle less and a faire frask fraskillo and cordones the measure of the pouder â—all by at leaste a haulfe once or rather more he is never to wante a bagg of leader with twentie five bullettes and an yron to strike fyre at all times vvhen occasion shall require for oftentimes beinge in centery and other places his match is quite gon oute and then if he can get no fire his pouder is to no purpose at that instante if occasion often Some are wonte to carie heade peeces which in many occasiones are goode but that they are to much trouble some in longe marchinges Both the Musketieres and Arcabuseres shoulde knowe howe to make match for sometimes it hapeneth that they re is no munition and then is it verie necessarie that the Souldier knoweth to make matche for hardelie can he ever faile to get flax but otherwise the Souldier beinge un expert and knowinge not to shifte and alsoe failenge amunition they incurr greate dangers soe that the Souldier ought allwayes to procure with greate care to by couriouse and experte in all thinges that apartaineth to his obligation for it may well fall oute that he shoulde march in a countrie ingnorante in vvarres where no match nor amunition is made Wherefore the brave and carefull Souldier is to thincke alwayes before hande to prevente whate mighte in sue after Soe shall he be not fluted at but rather much recomended for knowinge vvho with care and prudence to acomplish his obligation vvhich shall give greate contentmente to his Captaine and reste Officceres Fiery weapons vvithoute they re full necessaries are of no service vvherfore the prudent carefull and honorable Souldier oughte to prevente in due time whate he is bounde unto in as much as may by possible soe shall he be highlie esteemed by his Captaine and Officeres If the Kinge or Prince woulde faine take a veowe of the whole army Regimente be Regimente and alsoe the Standartes of horse one after an other to pass before him as did the Spanish army before Kinge Philip the II. and the queene DonÌ„a Anna in the plaine of Cantillana neere to badajoes where the whole army did pass before them and soe neere that they plainelie vived the visadge of everie one of them as they paste by as well of the horse vvhich did firste pass and afterwardes the Infanterie The firste that did pass was the Regiment of Lombardie vvhich Don Pedro de Sotemayor did leade a rivenge righte againste the place where his Majestie stoode did vvith grace and speede arbolare his pike turninge his face righte â—o his Majestie and made greate reverence as to such a place of so â—â—gh dingnitie a pertaineth and having acomplished his dutie and obligation withoute stiringe did shoulder his pike and marched in his jurney in the verie same place the firste rancke of pikes that did arive observed the self same order and in the selfe same manner did all the other rankes of pikes pass With him at this time vvas Duke de Alva present and the prior Don Fernando Necessarie it is for a Sardgent mayor to cary still aboute him a table booke or booke of memories for hardly can be conceive and houlde all thinhes in memorie and vvhate he vvritheth is sure of o nely the Captaine generall Master de campe generall is he to receive the vvourde of Governores and other persones the ajudantes are wonte to receive the watch wourde and other orderes or the Sardgente that is on the vvatche in absence of the ajudantes which at all times they can not be presenre and specially in garison The Sardgente mayor as a generall procurer of his Regimente ought to solicite and procure that the corpes de garde Garites or centerie houses be well provided and the corpes de garde withe a place made of tables or plankes wheron the Souldieres may sleepe and this to be a foote and haulfe above grounde and to see tâ—at they re by a conveniente place where the fyrie armes be sett and alsoe for the pikes He is to procure withe the townes men that they acomodate the way of the rounde and that the Garitas be well acomodated that the Souldier may keepe him self and armes drie That be no meanes he be gridy inconsiderate or covetouse neyther permitâ— or give care to any but that the gardes by vvell provided of fire and lighte for som Provinces are extraordinary and excessive coulde vvher vve see many Souldieres not vvell a parreled that after acomplishinge they re dutie and standinge they re poste som thre or foure houres more or lesh they come bake frissd full of snowe and vvhen they re is no fire to comforte them they die In conclusion there Officeres and specially the Sardgente mayor is to by werie earneste in solicitenge this particular for in wantinge this comoditie of fire and of capotes vvhiche some times the Prince and some times they re Captaines do provide them if ohterwise it is impossible for the Souldier to escape to frise for vve see those well a parelled perish for coulde This and many more occasiones of importance can prudente and brave Captaines remedy to they re greate renoome and that besides they sheowe they re affection to his Majesties service if they re procuremente can not prosper in this nor they re abilitie reache in remedienge the same they discharde theyr conscience and honor vvhen they in devor vvith care and diligence to pittie they re Souldieres in earnestly procuringe for them vvherunto they are bounde If in garison occasion require as moste comonly it doth to provide a rounde to visit all over if posible it vvere necessary that an Officer or person of respecte by apointed for cavo of the same and that Officer or cavo onely doe cary the watch wourde for beinge necessary if accasion shoulde by offered that they shoulde be constrayned to come to the wall to learne what the occasion was or to pass trough the postes that is betwext them and the walles or to pass by the postes of the corpes de garde if occasion shoulde presente It is necessary that the outeward centeries whiche are not under defence nor sure securitie that the vvatch vvourde be not given them and if by change suche postes shoulde be ingnorance or negligence permit to pass in vvardes any man Let him not come to the courte de garde vvithoute an Officer firste to receive him and informe of his cause Thies roundes
and follow this directiones and the Sardgente mayor from the Coronel Master de campe or Generall or from the Kinge or Emperor him selfe if he be in the fielde for he is barred no entrie gate nor other place but freelie sufered to pass into rhe Kinge or Emperor is chamber for beinge a person of greate respecte and fidelitie Wherefore they re ought greate concideration and regarde to be taken in the election of this Officer Which otherwise beinge chosen by favor frindship or affection of one of litle sufficiencie resulteth many enconveniences It alsoe faleth oute often times that such persones so chosen vvantinge the prudence auctoritie perfection and brave conduction in him required looseth often times his due respecte and reverence of the Captaines and other Officeres Wherefore it vvere farr better for him to remaine a Captaine rather then intermiddell in a matter vvhich requireth suche greate capacitie and perfecte experience in vvarr In occasiones of marchinge he is to consider the qualities and conditiones of the countrie if fertill or scante if hilly or plaine and not to permit to mounte a horsebacke but as feowe as can possible Alsoe to consider the quantitie of bagadge and provision youe are to cary and that to by as litle as may be possible as before spoken rather onelie so much as neede shall require and that the wantes therof can not be excused After that all thinges necessarie for youre marche are treated and consulteth of and put in order yove shall comaunde that all the Companies of youre Regimente shall joyne where voure Master de campe shall ordaine and thincke moste fitt Then bigen to make youre devitiones to marche as youre Superior shall comaunde But if onelie one Regimente doe march by it selfe the Sardgent mayor is to consulte with his Master de campe never failenge if they marche in any place or countrie where yove shoulde chance or feare to encounter your enemy to provide youre selfe vvith sertaine barreles of pouder match and bullettes that alwayes yove carie of thies rather more then lesh some pikes fearinge to wante a quantitie of shoules bills hatchetes which is necessarie if neede or occasion require to make a way with trees boughes and earth in places where vvith difficultie the Infantery and bagadge may pass or to cutt tries to shutt up a pasadge of o sodaine or to make even places when otherwise but with greate difficultie youe can pass them thies are necessary pertrechos for not knowinge when occasion may offer to have neede of them and speciallie pasinge troughe a foraine country In occasiones of marchinge the Sardgente mayor is to make the devitiones and ordaine where each Captaine shall leade and in such maner that each Captaine shall take his turne meaninge that the Captaine or Captaines that did leade this day the Musketteria shall to morowe leade the Arcabuseros that did followe and another day the pikes and another day the Arcabuseros of the rergarde and soe fall a neowe and be his turne take possession of the vantegarde and reregarde as his turne shall fall And it is inogh to ordaine this once and let each one unconfusedlie be his turne take place of the vangard rergard and battell Pasinge trough any cittie or place where any danger mighte by suspected In the devitiones of the shott and pikes greate industrie and consideration is to by used youre shott are to marche in goode order and not confusedly and be noe meanes to let none miss his rancke givinge order to all the shott to lighte theyr matches and to by redy of a sodaine if neede require and otherwise where they re is nothinge suspected one or two matches in every ranck may serve it vvere not amiss to have no more bagadge then neede shoulde require and not to permitt the Souldieres to putt they re musketes in vvagones as often times they doe and in ofringe occasion to serve with them it hapened that trough this bad custome many are of no service vvith the barreles and lokes of theyr musketes brocken soe that in time of moste neede they wante It is moste necessarie that the Sardgente mayor and Captaines by curiouse to see many faultes redresed and that the Souldieres be well provided of all necessaries in as muche as can by posible and specially the shott to by well furnished with bulletes at least twenti five and in no case to faile in this The Captaines and Alferises are to goe bravelie armed with complet corseletes and let no Captaine not Alferis monte a horsebacke till all the devitiones of shot and pikes are well ordered and when all the bagadge is readie and that the Master de campe doe pass to the Vangarde Then havinge all thinges in order in amile distance from the quarter the Sardgente mayor shall step into the vangarde and give order to the Captaines to goe a horsebake and not before as alsoe the Alferises and other particular persones the Alferises recomendinge they re culoures to they re a vanderadose and the Captaine or Captaines that are of the vangarde shall permitt noe Souldieres to pass but such as have order in vvritinge for the same from the Generall or Master de campe generall or ordinary Master de campe and the Captaine that goeth in the rerergarde shall take a speciall care to permitt none to tarie behende but rather cause them to stepe forwarde to they re rankes That alsoe no boyes nor sutleres by permitted to stay behinde for some of purpose doe stay to no goode entende but to steale robb and spoyle the poure enhabitantes goodes vvhiche is a thinge not to by permitted And such sutleres and other unrulie factioneres as are given to this base and odiouse acte are to be severelie punished in publicke Wherof speciall care oughte to be taken for many respectes Before youe marche the Captaine de campana and all the sutleres and amunition vagones are all to by drawen oute of the quarter ordayninge those that shall garde them And then consideration is to be taken of the maner who to march with the amunition and bagadge vvhich is that if it by knowen that the enemy is to by feared in the vangarde on the way vvhere yove are to pass let the bagadge by placed in the rerewarde and if contratie yove have intelligence to feare the enemy in the rerewarde yove are to pass the bagadge to the vangarde And if on the righte side to conducte it to the leefte and if on the leifte side transporte it to the righte And in this maner the army beinge smale or greate it shall be a vvall and defence to the a munition and bagadge And this don by alwayes provided and ordered in due time for otherwise it vvere a greate miss if sodaine occasion shoulde represente and that the enemy of a sodaine shoulde fall uppon and chardge on yove Douptless it vvere a greate let and danger if yove were not provided and well ordered To prevente the sudaine incursiones and
in the profession of armes that he be expert in Aritmeticke and in knowinge who to finde oute the square roote of any number that he may withe the more facility order devide and ranke his Souldieres eyther of greate or smale numberes yea and of whate soever forme a Sardgent mayor oughte not to be ignorante for some times occasion and situation offerethe that neyther of the 4. formes of squadrones are to be used Wherfore i will set downe the rules firste for the framinge of the foure formes of squadrones moste a customed and moste in use as alsoe the rules to frame squadrones acordinge to the situation and disposition of the place and occasiones to fighte as well of equalities as of inequalities The 4. formes of squadrones moste acustomed and moste in use is the square of men the square of grounde bastarde square and broade square whiche the Spaniarde caule quadra de gente quadra de tereno prolongado y gran frente Gentell Reader understande that the firste thinge to by understoode in framinge of squadrones is that the principall boddies of thē are to be framed of pikes to the whiche are required a certaine quantity of shot which are to be devided as time situation and occasion shal-require touchinge whiche divisiones greate consideration and industry is required in many occurantes of warlike affaires and it is of greate importance for who so ever takethe this chardge in hande to be perfecte in Aritmeticke to facilitate many rare occurrantes of this arte and specially in the office of a Sardgent mayoyr It is to be understoode that the rule whiche is observed in setinge in order or array Souldieres is that from the shoulder of the one to the shoulder of the other is required 3. foote or at the moste three and haulf and from ranke to ranke 7. foote meaninge from the breaste of the one to the backe of the other But when occasion shall offer to fighte 3. foote or 3 ½ is i noghe from ranke to ranke meaninge frō the breste of the owne to the backe of the other and one for his one statiō soe that he ocupies before and behinde and for his person 7. foote To forme a squadron square of men yove shall wourke as before taughte in findinge oute the square roote which shall serve for fronte and flanke as by the example folowinge yove shall more plainely understande Suppose that yove are to frame a squadron square of men of 464. pikes to finde oute the square roote of this nūber firste pricke the laste chifer 4. towardes the righte hande that don pricke the other 4. towardes the lefte hande so that the figure 6. standethe in the midel nowe fall to the 4. that standethe on the lefte hande and say the raise of 4. is 2. in sayinge two times two makethe 4. whiche 4 yove are to substracte oute of the 4 that standethe on the lefte hande then conzeale the 4. and plase azero above it nowe fall to 2. that is in the quotient and say two times two makethe 4. whiche yove shall place right under the 6. whiche liethe in the mideste of the number given and say how many times 4 in 6. whiche can be but one in sayinge 4. times 1. makethe 4. oute of 6. restethe but 2. which 2. yove shall place a bove the 6. and cāzeale the 6. that don fall to 1. that liethe in the quotient under the chifer 4. on the righte hande and say one time one is 1. oute of 4 that layethe on the righte hande there shall reste 3. whiche shall be plased righte over the 4. towardaes the righte hāde then canzeale the 4. and there shall remaine 23. soe that 21. is youre fronte and flanke and 23. remaininge whiche shall serve to guarnish the culoures to se if yove have don well multiply 21. the square roote in it self and the producte will by 441. to whiche producte ad 23. pikes that did remaine and the som therof wil be like unto the firste number given which was 464. as by the figure folowinge yove may see A battel square of men of 464. pikes whose fronte and flancke is 21. Square roote 1 1  50 2500 2 4  51 2600 3 9  52 2704 4 16  53 2809 5 25  54 2916 6 36  55 3025 7 49  56 3136 8 64  57 3249 9 81  58 3364    59 3481 10 100  60 3600 11 121  61 3721 12 144  62 3844 13 169  63 3969 14 196  64 4096 15 225  65 4225 16 256  66 4356 17 289  67 4489 18 324  68 4628 19 361  69 4761 20 400  70 4900 21 441  71 5041 22 484  72 5184 23 529  73 5329 24 576  74 5476 25 625  75 5625 26 676  76 5776 27 729  77 5929 28 784  78 6084 29 841  79 6241 30 900  80 6400 31 961  81 6561 32 1024  82 6724 33 1089  83 6889 34 1156  84 7056 35 1225  85 7225 36 1296  86 7396 37 1369  87 7569 38 1444  88 7744 39 1521  89 7921    90 8100 40 1600  91 8281 41 1681  92 8464 42 1764  93 8649 43 1849  94 8836 44 1936  95 9025 45 2025  96 9216 46 2116  97 9409 47 2209  98 9604 48 2304  99 9801 49 2401  100 10000 For suche as are not expert in Aritmeticke i have set downe the a fore saied Table to finde the square roote of any nūber to then thousande whiche shall healpe muche suche as are not able in Aritmetike but suche as are inclined to be perfecte in this noble arte of warr i woulde wishe them not to wholy truste to this rule for the reasones before declared but rather learne to be perfecte in Arithmetike which is the sureste way A Squadron square of men of 361. Souldiers of the whiche 144. are pikes and 217. musketes Fronte of the battel Square of men 144 Pikes 48 Musk. 36 Musk. 76 Musk. 57 Musk. 361 Supose that yove are to frame a squadron square of men of 361. Souldiers of the whiche 144. are pikes and 217. are musketes and that yove woulde have the squadron proportionally lined every way withe the shott To wourke the whiche firste take the square roote of the 144. pikes whiche yove shal finde to be 12. and say that 12. is the fronte and flanke of the squadron of pikes that don take the whole number of shott and pikes whiche is 361. oute of the whiche alsoe take the square roote whiche yove shall finde to be 19. oute of this 19 substracte 12. the square roote of the pikes and there shall remaine 7. and so yove finde the number that yove demaunde for the girdlinge shott nowe devide the 7. into two partes and say that yove finde 4 in one parte
of inequalities is that the battell may be more broade then longe or more in fronte then in flanke THiefe proportiones of inequalities is as 2. to 1. that is to say the battel to be two tymes more broade then longe or more in fronte then in flanke as is one to thre or 1. to 4. ett or the battell to be three times or 4. tymes more broade then longe or more in fronte then in flanke or to be 2â…“ or 3¼ more broade then longe or any other suche like proportiones to whiche effect i put this table and the rules thereunte apertaininge 1½ is as 2 to 3 1â…” 3 5 1 2 4 4 6 1â…” 5 7 1 2 6 6 8 1 2 7 7 9 1 2 8 8 10 1 2 â— 9 11 2 â— 3 â—8 2¾ 4 11 2½ 2 05 2 1â— 8 17 2â…” 3 7 2 2 4 4 10 2 1 7 7 15 2 2 6 6 14 2 3 7 7 17 3½ is as 2 to 7 3 â—3 3 10 3¼ 4 13 3â…• 5 16 3 2 6 6 20 3 1 7 7 22 3 1 8 8 25 3 2 9 9 29 3 3 â— 9 30 4½ 2 09 4â…“ 3 13 4¼ 4 17 4â…• 5 21 4â…™ 6 25 4 1 7 7 29 4â…› 8 33 4 1 9 9 37 4 2 9 9 38 5½ is as 2 to 11 5â…“ 3 16 5 â—4 4 21 5â…• 5 26 5 â— 6 6 31 5 1 7 7 36 5 2 7 7 37 5 2 â— 8 41 5 1 9 9 46 6½ 2 13 6â…“ 3 19 6¼ 4 25 6â…– 5 31 6 2 6 6 37 6 2 7 7 43 6 2 7 7 44 6â…› 8 49 6 1 9 9 55 To reduce theese fractiones into whole numberes and to knowe theyr proportion youe are to wourke in this maner folowinge Firste multiply the whole number by the fractiones denominator and ad therunto the numerator of the saied fraction and the proportion is founde as for example to have the battell to containe so muche and the one haulf more in front then in flanke whiche the Spaniard call tanto i medio seeke in the table 1½ wher of the whole number is 1. and the fraction is ½ nowe multiply the whole number 1. by the fraction is Denominator 2. and it makethe 2. wherunto youe shallad the saied fractiones numerator which is 1. whiche two adisiones dothe amount 3. and the fractiones denominator is 2. so say it is in proportioÌ„ as is 2. to 3. and so muste yove wourke withe all suche numberes to knowe the proportion therof or say that youe will have the battell to be 3 3 3. more in fronte then in flanke and to finde the proportion say it is as 3. to 10. as in the table yove shall see and that yove may better understand it wourke as before taughte firste in multiplienge the vvhole number 3. by 3. the fractiones denominator and it vvill be 9 to this 9. ad 1. vvhiche is the fractiones numerator and it vvill be 10 and say that it is in proportion as 3. to 10. and vvithe this observation and rule youe shall knovve in vvhat proportion shall by anny number To frame a Battell of 819. Souldieres whiche shall containe so muche and the one haulf more in fronte then in flanke whiche the Spaniarde and Italian call de tanto y medio THe advantadge of grounde goode order and Military discipline are suche that troughe the conduction of prudente and brave ComauÌ„deres smale numberes offten times repulse far greater numberes and some times the situatioÌ„ and disposition of ground-so faulethe oute that neyther of the 4. formes of Squadrones can serve Wherfore a Sardgent mayor or whosoever undertakethe to by curious or perfect in this arte ought to be expert in framinge all sortes of batteles as well of equall and inequall numberes whatesoever wherfore i tought fitt to set downe the rules for the framinge of suche batteles Bigininge with a battell of so muche and one haulf more in front then in flanke which the Italian calle tanto y metcho which i supose to by framed of 507. armed pikes and that the fronte therof containe so muche and the one haulf more in front then in the flanke to wourke the which put downe the number propounded whiche is 507. pikes unto which number ad the one haulf of the self number whiche will be 253 â— 2. that don ad bothe numberes and it will a monthe to 760 2 1. oute of whiche take the square roote which will by 27. and 21. remaininge and say that 27. is the front of the battell To finde oute the flanke take 507. the number of pikes and divide it by 27. the front the quotient therof wil be 18. and 21. pikes remaininge and say that 18. is the flanke and the 21. pikes which did remaine oute of youre laste division will serve to guarnishe the culoures soe that 27. is the front and 18. the flanke whiche comethe to the juste proportion of the forme and number propounded to see if yove have don well multiply 27. the front by 18. the flanke the product of which multiplication and the 21. which did remaine in youre laste diuision and if it agrie with the number of pikes propounded yove have don well if not yove err advertisinge that the proportion of the front and flanke muste be observed the forme wherof yove shall see here followinge and lined proportionally every way withe the 312. musketes as yove more plainely may perceive by the figure followenge and by the divisiones of the same A Squadron of so muche and the one haulfe more in fronte then in flanke Pikes contained in the boddy of the battell 486 p. Pikes remaininge to guarnish the culoures 021 p. The lineng shott of the righte flanke 057 m. The lininge shott of the leifte flanke 057 m. The lininge shot of the full fronte 099 m. The lininge shot of the front of the reere 099 m.  819 m. A Squadron of so muche and one thirde parte more in fronte then in flanke 208 pikes 2 pikes 42 musk 42 musk 88 musk 66 musk 12 musk remaininge 1 1 â— 460. SOme times occasion and situation may offer to frame a squadron of so muche and one thirde parte more in front then in flanke whiche the Spaniarde Caule tanto y un tercio whiche i supose to be of 460. Souldieres of the whiche 210. are pikes and 250 musketes and consideringe that asargent mayor or any perfect souldier oughte not to be ingnorant in the framinge of all sortes of squadrones as tyme occasion and situation shall require wherfor i tought fitt to set downe the rules for the framinge of any suche or semblable sortes of batteles nowe biginenge withe the aboue nuÌ„ber To wourke the whiche firste take the propounded number of 210. pikes that don devide it by 3. the quotiente wherof will by 70. this 70. the 3 parte of the propounded number ad to it the propounde nuÌ„ber of pikes and it wil be 280. oute of whiche take the square roote whiche
wil be 16. and 24. remainenge and say that 16. is the fronte of youre battell that don to finde oute the flanke devide 210. the propounded number of pikes by 16. the fronte the quotiente wherof will be 13. and two pikes remainenge and say that 13. is the flanke and 16 the fronte and two pikes remayninge to see of youe have don well multiply the fronte by the flanke addinge to the producte of youre multiplicatioÌ„ the remainder and if it agrie withe youre propounded number of pikes it goes well Nowe for the devition of youre propounded number of short whiche is 250. musketes take the whole number of short and pikes whiche is 460. and divide the same by 3. whiche quotient youe shall finde to by 153. and one remaininge nowe thiese 153. the quotiente of youre laste devision of the propounded number of 460. the producte of whiche 2. aditiones wil by 613. that don take the square roote of 613. which will by 24. the fronte of the number nowe to finde oute the flanke take youre principall number of pikes and shott whiche is 460. whiche youe are to devide by 24. the square roote of 613. and the number in the quotiente will be 19 and 4. remayninge and say that 24. is the fronte and â—9 the flanke that don deducte 13. the flanke of youre squadron of pikes oute of 19 the laste flanke and there shall remaine 6. this 6. divide into two partes and yove shall finde 3. in eache parte and say that the firste division of shott is 14. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke comprehended one ranke of 3. musketes for the lininge of the culoures of the righte flanke of youre squadron of pikes and say that the leifte flanke or side of youre battell of pikes are to be lined withe the self same order i meane 14. rankes of 3. musketes in eache ranke soe is the two flankes of youre battell of pikes proportionally lined withe musketes Nowe to finde oute the shot that will line the fronte and rerwarde of youre battell of pikes deducte 84. musketes the lininge shott of the two flankes oute of 250. the full number of shott and there will remaine 166. musketes theese 166. divide by 22. the full fronte of youre pikes of the two linges the quotient of whiche wil be 7. this 7. divide into two partes the one will be 4. and the other of 3. and say that the guarnison of musketes that is to line the fronte is 22. rankes of 4 musketes in eache ranke and 22 rankes of 3. musketes for the linenge of the rerwarde so is youre battell proportionally guarnished or lined every way ad vertisinge that 12. musketes remainethe oute of youre division vvhiche vvill serve for to guarinsh the culoures so vvithe this observation and rule youe may divide youre shott of any other suche semblable battelles Advertisinge that tvvo pikes vvhiche dothe guarnish the culoures are above the number the devision of the battell yealdeth vvhiche at leaste are to be taken oute of some ranke for that inescusable purpose to guarinsh the culoures as also to be rekoned but once in theire firste division so that in all squadrones when in the divisiones of theire pikes and shott shall not reste the conueniente number required for the due lininge of the culoures then of force must that number be taken oute of some parte of the battell advertisinge that this number so taken is not to be rekened but once and that is vvhere theire first division sheovveth as declared in the tabell of the battell vvhich is the true observation and explication of the divisiones bothe of the pikes and shott So is it to by vnderstoode that the number takeÌ„ oute of thies divisiones for the culours the battell shall containe so many above the number alued in theire firste division and so for not to err the divisiones of the table are to be observed for bienge infallible and for cause that moste comonly of force order and array muste be broken to orderly place the culors in the center as also to guarnish them vvithe the conveniente pikes and shott A Squadron of two times more in fronte then in flanke TO finde oute the fronte and flanke of any number of pikes whiche yove woulde have to be two times more broade then longe or more in fronte then in flanke whiche i supose at this instant to be 1008. of the vvhiche 520. are pikes and 488. musketes firste take the propounded number of pikes whiche is 520· and multiply the same by 2. the producte will by 1040. nowe oute of this producte take the square roote whiche wil be 32 and 16. remaininge and say that 32. is the fronte of youre battell of pikes nowe to finde oute the flanke take the propounded number of pikes whiche is 520. This 520. divide by 32. the fronte and the number in the quotient will be 16. and 8. pikes remaininge so yove founde oute the fronte and flanke meaninge that 32. is the fronte and 16 the flanke and 8. pikes remaininge in youre laste division whiche will serve to guarnish the culoures withe the observation of this rule yove may frame a battell of pikes eyther of smale or greate numberes and of whate forme yove will have the same to conteine of 3. times 4. times or 5. times more in fronte then in flanke in multiplyinge the propounded number of pikes by the proportion therof if yove woulde have it containe 3. times more in fronte then in flanke multiply youre propounded number of pikes by 3. if yove woulde have it to containe 4. times more in fronte then in flanke multiply it by 4. and in wourkinge as before taughte yove shall finde oute the fronte and flanke and there juste proportion for the impalinge shott i have spoken of in other forme of squadrones but for suche as woulde be curiouse and experte is required greate consideration to be had for the severall sortes of divisiones of shott as time occasion and situation shall require and it is moste necessary for him that undertakethe this chardge in haÌ„de to by expert in Arithmeticke and so withe continuall practice shall he withe greate facility bringe to juste perfection all the divisiones befitenge for this purpose and let none be ingnorante but that for the severall and rare curiosities of the divisiones of shott is required muche practice and specially in Aritmeticke whiche is the principall fundament in reducenge thees devisiones into there iuste perfection alwayes consideringe of tyme occasion and situation as also of afore caste prevention againste the stratageames and orderes of youre enemy A Squadron square of men of 3024. Souldieres of the whiche 1764. are pikes and 1260. musketes divided into severall maniples and troupes to marche that they may fall into battell presently when occasion is offered as by the figure and divisiones folowinge set downe and for suche as have not intered into the deepe judgement and practice of this arte I will
justice a mongste them in honoringe and preferenge those of brave cariage and goode examples that otheres may imitate thē in redresinge in due time disorderes in seinge severely punished factioneres wholy given to vice and bad examples whiche are more dangerouse then the divell so shall he bothe by beloved and feared by the Souldieres in knowinge that he is carefull in ministringe and procuringe justice to eache one acordinge his deserte and specially to se base factioneres banished and severly punished when there is no hope of there amendmente In occasiones of marchinge the Sardgent mayor is to take a speciall care to procure all thinges to be in a readines to bigin his jurney verie early that the Souldieres may come in goode time to theyr quarter for many considerationes to theyr comodity and ease and in they re marche not to opress them but keepe an ordinary pace for otherwise verie many shall stay behinde To make al to nowe and then where he shall hit uppon good water and he ought to have aregarde in pasinge narowe pasadges and make alto a distance of till they all have paste and fal into there former divisiones and rankes a Sardgente oughte to be leifte in eache division of the Regimente that he may yealde acompte of them at all times and observe the order as it was ordained by the Sargente mayor withe so many rankes and the self number so that withe facility oute of there marche they may fall into squadron when occasion shall require and suche a Sardgente or Sardgentes as troughe negligence shall not acomplish his obligation to reprehende him in publike In time of the Romaines suche as were inclined to disobedience in not acomplishinge there order and obligation they were so severly punished that no Souldier durste by absente from his ranke and the Sardgentes and Officeres of eache division of they re marchinges had suche care in acomplishinge whate was referred to there charge withe suche punctuality that full satisfaction was yealded In extraordinary heate weather in somer when the Sardgente mayor marchethe withe his Regimente greate consideration oughte to be taken as before spoken of by cause of the extraordinary heate and heavy burden of the Souldier some times they are chockte and burned with heate and for shame and regarde of there honor they rather try danger of deathe then stay behinde there culoures When the Sardgente mayor shall marche withe his Regimente in any place or contry where the enemy is to be feared the divisiones ought not to by greater then that they may comodiously marche nor lesse thē the thirde parte of the squadrō of pikes some times withe the one haulfe and some times in battell allwayes takeng regarde of the situation and occasion The Master de campe in marchinge withe his Regimente as cheefe of the same is to marche in the vangarde nexte to whose person is to assiste the Sardgente mayor as a principall minister to whome he deliveres the orderes of his Regimente but if the enemy shoulde chance to charge on the reregarde he as a cheefe conductor of his Regimente is to assiste in the place moste to be feared of the enemy to comaunde and execute in due time whate is moste fitt The Sardgente mayor beinge in campiana and beinge informed that his Regimente is to marche the nexte morow he is to repaire to the Captaine generall of whome he is to demaunde order where his Regimente shall marche in the vangarde battell of reregarde and he is to advertice and give order to the Captaine de campania to gett all the bagadge charged uppon the a poincted houre ordained and not to faile in acomplshinge the same and if the vangarde belonges to him he is to comaunde the Captaine de campania to get all thinges in a redineshe at the breake of day and to give order that the culoures and companies of his Regimēte withe speede drawe oute of the quarter and to marche on to the place of armes and there to frame his squadron givinge order to eache Captaine where he shall marche that day and divide the Sargentes and sheowe each one his division and givinge thē straighte charge that they acomplishe there obligatiō withe care and punctuality and that no Souldier doe misse his ranke nor breake the order given if the narownes of the pasadge do not constraine him and let no Souldier pass to spoyle the poore inhabitantes and if he wante any Souldier of those of his division or if any come unto them more then the order given to adverice the Sardgent mayor and for recompence of his punctualitie and care in acomplishinge his obligation he shall gaine the benevolence of his Master de campe and Sardgent mayor and in reason they oughte to have a memory of his punctuall care and to prefer him into a greater office for his obedience and punctuallitie a monghste other Sardgentes and not once nor twice but still makinge knowen his aproved partes care and diligence in acomplishinge the orderes of his Superiores soe can he not by forgotten by the superior officers till he by advāced for his undeniable care and obedience Moste necessary it is for a Sargent mayor to be couriouse and experte in executinge well his office for in tyme of framinge of squadrones the Judges of his errores are many in time of framinge of squadrones some Sardgēts mayores do fall into many errores by reason of there litle exercice and specially for not appliēge them selves withe care and diligence bothe in the theorike and practike of this arte and specially to by skilfull in Arithmeticke whiche withe practice makethe easy many rare occurrantes in warrlike affaires and suche as are not curiouse in well appleinge them selves in learninge the rare and deepe curiosities of this arte do some times finde them selves pusled and amased before there enemy in time of moste neede A moste unfitinge thinge it is for one to be ingnorante and unhabele in his office soe i supose that suche as do not diligently apply them selves can hardly reduce into perfection that wherof he is ingnorante and knowethe not the arte by dayly experience we see that favor frendshipp enteres and affection hinderethe muche prosperity and goode successes and specially in this noble arte of warr Many opiniones there are for the divisiones of shott and specially when the enemy are stronge on horse and that youe have two thirde partes of shott unto one of pikes youre battell beinge empaled and girdeled proportionally withe shott there will yett remayne goode store of shott The question is how they shall be bestowed to be safe from the fury of the horse the sureste and beste way is to put them into the center of the battell of pikes where they are more safe and if any shott be killed or hurte youe can take at all times oute of the center as many as youe shall neede of For the framinge of thiese battelles withe centeres i have
had soe the Generall knowinge this matter to be of suche importance to his Majesties service is to see it prevented before hande Greate consideration oughte to by taken in knowinge where beste to plante the ordenance and to fortifie and intrinche with speede as time and ocasion shall require and to keepe good watch and to by a companied with good Controulers for to provide all sortes of provisiones He is to knowe who to a proach and who with prudence and good watch and vigilance to secure him selfe and Artillerie and in many ocasiones not to truste to many butt rather in person and with speede to see thies thinges putt in execution as the importance of the occasion shall require and to be well garded on every side He is to see that his Artillerie doe orderly marche and such as do not obey the orderes by him given to see them severelie punished he is to knowe at nighte who his ordenance shall by planted for the execution he shall exspecte and by day see the same ordered in takinge the heighte and line for his purpose eyther a farr of or neere if it by into a cittie towne or forte or in the fronte of the enemy or if by chance they shoulde come to defeate him to by prevented When occasion shall offer to pass an army over deepe riveres it is necessarie to by well provided of boathes of two yardes and haulfe deepe wheruppon bridges are to by framed which are to be made of stronge tember and plankes to pass the Artillery and the whole army as did that famouse and prudente Conductor Marques SPINOLA in takinge of Reinbarke and the scounse over the Rhine and in takinge Vesell and in the honorable regaininge of Breda They are wonte to carie for thies bridges sometimes 30. boathes sometimes more Firste consideringe the greatnes of the river where they meane to pass over To which purpose is required a Captaine for every fiftine boathes and to each boath foure Marineres some times more and sometimes less acordinge as the Generall shal thincke fitt and as many Carpinteres as shall by toughte necessarie also-Smittes to sheowe horses and for many other purposes a store of anccores cables graplinges while wrightt with such necessaries Befittinge his purpose and allwayes muste not faile whiles to spare for the cannon and greate ordenance fearinge least any while shoulde breake that presently prevension may by had THE THIRDE CHAP. THe Artillerie whiche is to by conducted with an army is to by comaunded by the Captaine generall consideringe the executiones he doethe pretende and the greatnes of his army and the circuide they may ocupie they carie 30. or 35. canonnes of greate cice for batterie some more sometimes lesh acordinge the execution some shoote a bullet of 45.50.60.66 pounde from 7. to 8. inches in heighte 15. Haulfe cannonnes from 25. pounde bullet to 30. 16. Culverines from 16. to 20. pounde bullet 26. Demy Culverines 25. Falcones and falconetes 82. Greate store of cannon-pouder and alsoe a goode quantitie of pouder for smale shott a store of leader bagges to carie pouder behinde men a horsebake when any sodaine occasion soe requireth hides to cover the pouder in the cariadge of the same pices of chaines and broken yron cartages full of musket bulletes to shoote oute of greate ordenance in the fronte of a battel or any order of men a prochinge neere to execute thire intente In suche and semblable ocasiones the aforesaiede instrumentes bienge well handled by goode and skillfull Canonieres in due time are of wonderfull executiones and do putt the enemy in mightie terron in many occasiones by sea and lande greate quantitie of bullettes for youre greate ordenance and goode store of match and bulletes for the smale shott a store of mattokes shoules and pickaxes hatchetes and axes to cutt woode and fagotes and a store of wood houkes a store of plankes and peeces of timber whiche may serve for many purposes greate store of basketes to carie earthe to fill the gabiones and cover the smale shott in trinches and fortificationes sledges and yron barres to breake rockes greate and smale sawes laddeles of brace and they re staufes sponges rameres for eache sorte of the greate ordenance greate store of A Table for to finde oute the names of the greate ordenance nowe used for ofensive and defensive warres the height of their diameter or height of their bullettes and theire weights the compass of the same weight of the pouder required to each peece the weight of eache peece of ordenance lenght of the same their thicknes linght of their laddells and the breade of the same the number of men sufficient to drawe each peece and the number of horses requisite for to drawe the same the distance of paces eache peece cariethe at point blanke the distance of paces eache greate peece shootes at utmoste random the lenght of the coyler rope requisite for to drawe eache peece The names of the peeces of greate ordenance The height of the diameter of everie peece in enches and partes Heighte of the bullet in inches and partes VVeight of the shot in pouÌ„des and partes Compas of the shot in inches and partes VVeight of corne pouder due to charge each peee in pouÌ„des VVeighte of the peece in poundes The lenghte of the peece en feete Thicknes of the mettall at the touche hole in inâ—hes and partes Thicknes of the peece at the neck of the same Lenghte of the laddel in inches and partes The breade of the laddell Lenghte of the planckes of the cariage in feete The number of men suficient to drawe each peece when nede require The number of the horses requisite to drawe each peece of ordinance Distance of pases the peece carieth at point blanke The distance of pases each great peece shootes at utmoste randon The lenght of the coyler roape requisit to drawe each peece Cannon 8 7 ¼ 64 25 1 7 32 8000 12 8 4 23 ½ 15 16 â…” 90 16 300 1500 70 Cannon serpintin 7 ½ 7 ¼ 52 23 4 7 26 7000 11 ½ 7 ½ 3 ¾ 22 14 ¼ 16 ¼ 80 14 340 1600 66 Frence Cannon 7 ¼ 7 ½ 46 ¾ 22 11 14 23 6500 12 7 ¼ 3 2 â— 21 13 ¼ 16 70 12 360 1740 64 Demi canoÌ„ eildest 6 ½ 6 ¼ 36 â… 21 â—3 14 20 6000 11 2 4 6 ¼ 3 â…› 22 12 15 ½ 65 11 370 1800 60 Demi canoÌ„ ordin 6 ½ 6 ¾ 32 20 2 7 18 5600 10 ½ 6 ½ 3 20 11 ½ 15 60 10 350 1700 54 Demi canon 6 ¼ 5 ¼ 24 ½ 18 6 7 16 5000 11 6 3 1 10 21 11 ½ 16 56 9 340 1600 46 Culveringe 5 ½ 5 ½ 19 17 2 7 15 ½ 4600 13 ¼ 5 ½ 3 22 9 ½ 18 50 8 420 2100 40 Ordinari culver 5 ¼ 5 ¼ 16 ¼ 16 ½ 12 4300 12 5 ¼ 2 ¾ 21 9 17 2 4 46 8 400 2000 36 Demi culveringe 4 ½ 4 11 ¾ 14 1 7
perceived and specially when it begines to decline oute of his righte course or line and the more darcke the nighte is when it is dischardged oute of a peece of ordenance the better youe may discerne it but in the begininge of the range or line youe can not see it so perfecte as when it begines to decline to the earthe which i have tried at the leager of Breda the nighte a pointed for the triumphe don for the regaininge of that place If for curiositie youe woulde have a ball made with wilde fire to burne within the water let the coate therof firste burne a litle before youe caste it into the water soe that it gives fire to the compositiones there in ordained for his execution whiche beinge fired to wit that parte or partes where in the vente is beinge filled with ayre doth cause the other partes of the same to shume and burne a bove the water with a wonderfull noyce admirable to the behoulderes The balles made for this purpose are lighte and if youe put them into a peece of ordenance beinge loaden with the ordenary pouder required for the executiō of the same in their roaring and wrastlinge of this ball it will burste unto peeces Soe that for to shoute bulletes or balles oute of greate ordenance armed with fire wourcke the cross barres nowe of late invented is the beste the maner of arminge and coatinge thies bulletes and cross barres i have set downe before who and with whate compositiones whiche are of rare executiones by sea and lande beinge well ordered by one of perfecte judgemente in this arte I have alsoe put downe neowe invented cross barres to be shot oute of greate ordenance whiche beinge armed as before taughte are excelente to burne townes and the enemyes quarteres and iam well asured that no comprabell device for that purpose was as yet invented neyther to by shoot in the fronte of a battell i meane those cross barres invented with chaines for beinge dischardged oute of a peece of ordenance in a reasonable neere distance in the fronte of a battell or any order or array y doupte not that it is the beste invention that hase beene divised as yet for that purpose the enemy beinge a reasonable distance of But the enemy beinge very neere at hande the cartadges and bagges filled withe musket bulletes nayles peeces of brocken yron peeces of chaines which beinge shoote oute of greate ordenance are of wonderfull executiones beinge handeled by prudente and curiouse gunneres of perfecte judgemente and longe practice in this arte The draught marked with the letter N. sheoweth howe the saied cross barr shall be put into the peece and the letter O. sheoweth howe the same flieth violently trough the ayre and howe it spreadeth a sonder when it is shott oute of the peece givinge a terrible noyce in his motion and range N. O. The draught marcked with the letter P. sheoweth howe this other cross barr is to be put into the peece and when it is dischardged the letter Q. sheoweth howe it spreadeth a sonder and flieth withe greate violence in his line and range P. Q. THE TENTHE CHAP. Treatinge of the confines of a Kingedome as alsoe of the goode lawes to by observed in the same and of many necessary instructiones thereunto apertaininge and who the same is to by fortified and stronge by arte or by nature or by bothe SUch as are desirouse to be couriose and experte in warlike afaires it importeth that they be of goode judgemente in fortificasiones as well to offende as to defende Notwithstandinge that for this purpose in all kingdomes and states are elected ingineres a luinge them a goode pinsion Yet suche as are of longe practice in warr and do aplie them selves well in hope to by advanced by theire a proved goode partes and suficiencie oughte to exercice them selves in fortificationes bienge very necessarie in owne who profesed to be experte in this arte of warr and knowe howe to intrinch and fortifie him selfe in many ocurrantes in oppen filde howe to cutt a trince to win a towne or any stronge place As also to knowe howe to drawe the plott of townes fortes and castelles and also in knowinge all necessaries for the defence therof and to know howe to prevente the stratagemes to be feared of his enemy Douptless thies thinges are of greate consideration for the strenghte of akingdome consisteth much in beinge well fortified togither with the quantitie and qualitie of his subiectes and in the goode qualitie of his dominion and country Those princes and Reepublikes are judged mighty and stronge whiche in theire kingdomes and states do montaine goode religion goode lawes and goode armes and do exercice the same and do inioy holsom ayre fertill grounde and naturall strenghte with suche other conveniente comodities therunto required To by vnderstoode that all countries are strōge by nature or by arte or by both By nature they are stronge when they are inuiored withe the sea rounde aboute or on parte therof or backed with marrasses or riueres and those to be stronge by arte and in theire frontieres nexte adjoyninge and places moste conveniente to haue townes castelles and fortresses fortified by arte All confines are eyther maritime or mediterraneall or both the one and the other whether they are montanouse places or in plaine campaina or do participate of the one and the other if they by mediterraneall it muste by viewed and considered on whate parte the enemy might come to offende the same and where he mighte moste comodiouse come to atempte And it is alsoe to be considered on whate partes he mighte make his inroades and retire a gaine with safetie and whether their by any situation whiche beinge fortified by the enemy mighte moleste or a noy the country nexte adioyninge If the confines of the kingdom by maritime or on the sea coaste all the coaste and circuide of the same are to by viewed and remarcked that prevention mighte be taken in due time in as muche as may posible to hinder the enemyes imbarcasion in the places moste fitt for the same Yea and in all places whiche mighte by suspected if it be posible for the better securitie of the kingdom or state but in some kingdomes the circuide and places on the sea coaste are so greate that hardly all can be fortified and so the enemy ariuinge with a mightie army and mighte be in a place litle suspected may put the kingdom and country in greate perill and danger as was seene by the spanishe navie at the conqueste of portugall when they landed neere cascales in a place never thoughte vppon by the portugeses so that they founde them selves deceived thinckinge that the disembarcation shoulde have beene betwexte the citti of Lisboa and Sangilians castell where they stoude fortified in theire trinches with determination to hinder the disēbarcation of the spanish navie but he landed in aplace far better for his purpose and of muche lesh danger whiche was
with the office of a Captaine generall of an army The thirde Booke treatinge of Fire-wourckes of rare executiones by sea and lande and of the confines of a Kingdome and the goode lawes to be observed in the same and howe it is to be fortified by arte or by nature or by bothe to withstande the enemyes a temptes and the necessary courses convenente to be taken A brife Table of the Chapteres and moste notableste thinges contained in this wourcke THe I. Chapter declaringe the partes required in a private Souldior fol. 1 The II. Chapter treatinge of the election and office of a Corporall of a Company of Infantery fo 10 The III. Chapter declaringe the aproved partes and suficiencie of a Sardgente of a Company of Infantery and howe he is to be elected fo 12 The IV. Chapter treatinge of the election and office of an Ensigne Bearer or Alferis of a Company of Infantery and the goode partes ordained in him fo 16 The V. Chapter treatinge of the election of a Captaine of a Company of Infantery and many goode partes and suficiency required in him fo 20 The VI. Chapter treatinge of the office of a Sardgente mayor marchinge with his Regimente to garison fo 29 The VII Chapter treatinge of the office of a Sardgent mayor marchinge with his Regimente in campaina fo 51 A discourse of sundrie and variable sortes of Squadrones of severall sortes of armes withe theire generall rules and proufes with neowe invented breviationes to that effecte in bringinge to lighte many deepe curiosities of importance leifte in obscurity by many Auctores which nowe are reduced into they re perfection as muche as military science and the rules of Mathematike and Arithmeticke can a fourde with neowe envented tables and brevasiones of importance fo 61 The election and office of a Campe-master of a Regimente of Infantery with whiche finisheth the firste Booke of this wourcke fo 140 The Table of the seconde Booke THe I. Chapter treatinge of the election and office of a Campe-master generall of an army fo 147 The II. Chapter declaringe the election and suficiency required in the Captaine generall of the artillery fo 151 The III. Chapter mensioninge the Artillery conveniente to by conducted with an army acordinge the executiones to by pretended by the Generall fo 154 The IV. Chapter sheowinge many reasones for the defence and securitie of a towne citty or forte withe necessary instructiones therunto apertaininge fo 158 The V. Chapter treatinge of many goode partes required in a perfectc Souldior howe woulde disire to have matteres of importance to by refered to his care and chardge and many goode instructiones touchinge the same fo 163 The VI. Chapter treatinge of the office of a Captaine generall of an army and of many goode partes and rare suficiency required in a personadge of so high dingnitie and degree fo 165 The Table of the thirde Booke THe I. Chapter treatinge of patarres and theire severall executiones and howe they are manadged and the compositiones and necessaries required for them and the stratagemes that are to by used for theire executiones fo 175 The II. Chapter sheoweth howe to make atorche to indure againste the force of winde and water with artificiall compossiones which will burne with greate vehemence and force and strange to the behoulderes for the noyce and terror of the slame fo 177 The III. Chapter sheowinge howe to arme artificiall canes armed with Fire-wourcke for severall execusiones of importance be sea and lande fo 179 The IV. Chapter sheowinge howe to arme tronckes or canes armed with wilde fire another maner of way fo 180 The V. Chapter treatinge howe to arme artificiall bulletes and neowe invented cross barres armed with Fire-wourkes declaringe howe they are to by manadged and the composiones required for theire executiones and howe some are to by vsed and armed for severall execusiones of sea servises as also by lande to burne townes or the enemyes quarteres as alsoe neowe envented cross barres withe longe chaines of yron to be shot in the fronte of a battel or any order or aray whiche bienge prudently handeled are of rare execusiones yea ten times more then youre ordinary bulletes Concludinge with goode instrucsiones to followe and imitate the stepes of the vertuse renoomed prudente and valerouse souldior and abandon those tached with vglie crimes and with the wicked rancored vice of envy bad inclinasiones and bad examples and the necessary instructiones and probable examples both of the one and the other fo 183 A TABLE OF THE NOTABLESTE THINGES contained in this Booke A. A Bad and covardly inclination to be givin to quarelles and disputes bienge on the watch Folio 6 Abase and odiouse acte in the persuenge of a victory to fall a spoylinge til the enemy by wholy yealded and licence granted Folio 7 Alferis Oloa his valour and brave determination Folio 17 Alferis or ensigne bearer is not to give licence to any souldior to leaue the company nor put any souldior at liberty withoute the consente of his Captaine or superior Officeres Folio 16 An Alferis Tudesco his valoure Folio 17 A good Cristian of vertouse life and goode applicationes moste comonly is wonte to haue good succeses Folio 22 A necessary thinge in warr to haue some horses in each company of foote for many respectes Folio 22 Acomendable thinge in warr to see matteres prudently prevented in due time Folio 22 Asouldior ought to conforme him self with his hoste for bienge comendable Folio 23. Agenerouse and louinge minde of an officer in warr is highlie to by comended Folio 36 Alouinge prudente and kinde Officer causeth alouinge and obediente souldior Folio 37 Abad custome and not to by tolerated that souldiores do lende theire armes Folio 37 A perfecte Sardgente-Mayor is wourdie to by emploied in any execusion in warr Folio 40 Alarme bienge presented the necessary instructiones Folio 46 A souldior of a prudēte cariadge is wourdie to by esteemed by his Captaine Folio 60 A Sargente oughte to by inclined to continuall good aplicationes and examples Folio 133 Auditor his election and obligationes Folio 141 Arcabusero a Spanish wourd singnifiethe a souldoure which carieth acaliver for armes Aguasiill a Spanish wourde one tha◠doth asiste the executiones of justice Ambuscado a Spanish wourde signifienge an ambuish Armada a Spanish wourde signifiethe anavall army of shippes of warr Alerta a Spanish wourde singnifieth that when theire is any suspicion of the enemy the souldiors to by presently reddy with their armes in hand Artillerie a Spanish wourde whiche wee call in Englishe greate ordenance Alferis aspanish wourde singnifieth an Ensigne bearer A dangerouse thinge the manadging of pouder Folio 151 Amunitiones of pouder led and matche are to by put in secure places Folio 152 Amater of greate emportance to by well provided before hand of all sortes of amunitiones for many respectes Folio 153 Artillery required for the executions of an army