by Companies and deliver it to the Fouriers When the Regiments â—â—e quartered in Towns or Villages they first appoint the Quarters of the Colonels theâ— of the Lieutenant-Colonels Majors Aid-Majors of the rest of the State-Major and their own afterward they appoint as many Quarters as there are Companies and make the Fouriers or Under-Quarter-Masters draw Billets for them who chuse the best Quarters for the Captains Lieutenants Sub-Lieutenants and Ensigns CHAP. XIII Of the Provost Marshal of a Regiment THe Charge of Provost Marshal is to pursue and apprehend Deserters and Delinquents He hath under him a Lieutenant a Clark six Archers or Officers and an Executioner He it is that sets Rates on the Provisions of his Quarters and they cannot be sold without his permission He appoints Flesh Markets and Slaughter houses he has the charge of causing the Camp be made clean he brings in Inditements interrogates and confronts the witnesses and the process being drawn up he carries it to the Major who gives the conclusions afterward the Colonel and Captains judge it On a March the provost Marsâ—al hath the charge of bringing up the Baggage of his Regiment and of keeping them in Order it is his care also to furnish Waggons for carrying the Sick to Hospitals CHAP. IV. Of Sergeants IT being in the Captain 's power to make Sergeants in his Company he ought to chuse such of his Souldiers as he knows to be stoutest most discreet and vigilant to fill those charges It is the Sergeants place to have a Roil of the Souldiers and their Quarters and go thither Morning and Eevening to visit them They ought to know the number of the Pikes and Musketeers and rank their Companies putting the best armed and strongest in the first Rank making them observe Military Discipline and all commands given them by their Officers in the Field and in Garison they teach the Souldiers to handle their Arms to keep in Rank and File And are to receive the Provisions and Ammunition from the Commissary distribute them amongst the Corporals set the Courts of Guard and Sentinels at the places which the Majors have appointed and visit them often When the Company marches their place is on the Flanks to keep the Ranks and Files even and straight and hinder the Souldiers from straggling or going out of order setting them right again with the Staff of their Halbard Every Evening a Sergeant of each Company should be at the place of Arms to receive the word from the Major and carry it afterward to the Captains and other Officers And in this manner the Order or Word is given So soon as the Major is come upon the place the Sergeants draw near him and make a Circle according to the Rank of their Companies beginning at his Right hand and ending at the Left The Major puts on his Hat and having recommended to them what is to be done extraordinarily he gives the word as low as can be to the first Sergeant on his Right hand who gives it about to the next and so successively untill it come to the last who gives it back to the Major that he may see if the word be right and not changed When there is any detachment the Sergeants acquaint their Officers with it they command out of every Company the number of Souldiers which the Major has demanded they take care to visit the Arms distribure amongst them necessary ammunition and to lead them to the Rendezvous In a Garison every Sergeant by turn should go to his Captain 's Quarters to see if the Escouade commanded for the Guard be compleat and furnished with all things necessary After the Retreat or Tattoe the Sergeants should go through the Lodgings to see if all the Souldiers be come in give an account to the Captain of the absent and sick and to acquaint the Major that he may cause them be carried to the Hospital The Sergeants of the Regiments of Guard being in Garison with other Regiments have the priviledge to make a Circle apart to receive the Word because of the honour they have in serving in the King's Guards CHAP. XV. Of Corporals Lanspassades and other inferiour Officers of a Company THE King entertains in every Companie three Corporals and five Lanspassades The duty of a Corporal is to command his Escouade to teach his Soldiers all that is necessary for them to know or do to hinder Quarrels and Disorders and acquaint the Captain with them because he cannot beat but only punish them by keeping them long at their sentinel post He is to have a Role of his Escouade tell the Souldiers what day they are to mount the Guard view their Arms and Bandeleers give them out the Provisions and Ammunition which the Sergeant hath delivered to him and to know who are best experienced that he may place them Sentinels and set them on the most important duties When he is on the Guard it is his duty to set the Sentinels in the places which the Major hath shewed him and to relieve them himself To send Lanspassades to visit them and to expect the Rounds and Countertounds who are to give him the Word He ought to charge the Sentinels to suffer no body to approach them though it were the General of the Army himself without presenting the Pike or Musket with a cock'd March nor to leave their Post unless relieved by the Corporal or forced by the Enemy then they may retire to the Court of Guard and the Court of Guard being forced may retire to the Camp The Corporal is to cause respect to be payed to the Court of Guard and command silence whether it be at the Gates or on the Walls that the noise may not hinder the Advertisements of the Sentinels from being heard He is to walk before his Court of Guard or appoint a Lanspassade to do it he is always to keep fire for Lighting the Matches and take care to have the Court of Guard furnished with Wood Coal and Candle In a Garison whil'st the Drums beat to Guard all the Corporals go to the Majors Quarters that they may there draw lots for the Posts and Rounds Heretofore the Lanspassades were dismounted Troopers who were made serve in the Foot during the Campain until their Captains gave them other Horfes they ease the Corporals and are as their Lieutenants In times of danger they go the perilous Rounds and are Sentinels Perdues otherways they are freed from duty The Fourier ought to have a List of all the Soldiers of a Company and make the distribution of Quarters He takes his Quarter from the Regiment Quarter Master then he marks out the Quarters of the Captain Lieutenant Sublieutenant Ensign Sergeants the Drummer's and his own and puts all the rest into Billets which he makes the Corporals draw by Lot who distribute them amongst the Souldiers Every Company should have a Surgeon commonly called Frater to dress the Sick and Wounded and shave the Souldiers being as a Mate to
As ye were Musketteers make ready The Muskeetteers make ready in the same manner as if they were going to fire and hold their Muskets in a readiness to present and at the same time the Pikes present their Pikes or charge To the Right four times To the Right about As ye were To the Left four times To the Left about As ye were Take your Match Return it into its place Shoulder your Musket The Pikes advance their Pikes After the handling of their Arms the Major makes them double their Ranks on the Front and Rear To the Right or to the Left double your Ranks on the Front March The second Rank enters into the first the fourth into the third and the last into the fifth but that should be done in such a manner that no Soldier go before another and that the motion be performed all at the same time moving always the left foot first To reduce the Ranks as they were Ranks that doubled as ye were Or in another manner Ranks that doubled take heed To the Right about March Halt As ye were The Ranks that doubled return to their place and the Soldiers turn to the Left about to put themselves as they were To double their Ranks on the Front by half Files To the Right or to the Left by half-File-leaders Double your Ranks on the Front March The fourth Rank which is the half File-leader doubles into the first Rank which is the File-leader the fifth into the second and the last which is the Bringer up into the third They are put again as they were in this manner Bringers up to the Right about March As ye were Or as is above-said To double the Ranks on the Rear Soldiers take heed to double your Ranks on the Rear The Ranks that doubled stand still To the Right or to the Left double your Ranks on the Rear March The first Rank turns to the Right about and enters into the second the third into the fourth and the fifth into the last to put them as they were Ranks that doubled as ye were March To double on the Rear by Bringers up of half Files To the Righe or to the Left by Bringers up of half Files double your Ranks on the Rear March The three first Ranks turn to the Right about and the third Rank which is the Bringer up of the half File doubles into the last the second into the fifth and the first into the fourth and face about as the other Ranks which they have doubled by turning to the Left about To put them as they were by File-leaders Ranks that doubled as ye were March The Files are doubled and put again as they were after the same manner as the Ranks to the Right or to the Left by half Rank or quarter Rank by Front or Rear according to the pleasure of the Commander The Quart of Conversion or Wheeling is one of the most necessary Motions to the Fort. When a Battalion is attacked on the Flank the Major gives this Word of Command To the Right or to the Left Wheel March If the Wheeling be made to the Right the Right turns insensibly and the Left double their pace until the Battalion make Front to the side where the Right stood If the wheeling be commanded to the Left what was done to the Right is done to the Left Soldiers should be exercised to fire all manner of ways in keeping of ground gaining of ground and losing of ground To make them fire in keeping of ground this word of Command iâ— given The five first Ranks kneel Bringers up make ready Present Fire Fifth Rank stand up Musketteers make ready Present Fire c. And so of the rest whilst the first Ranks discharge those on the Rear who have fired charge again and are in readiness against the first word of Command A Battalion is sometimes forced to give ground when it is beset with the Enemy's Horse in the middle of a Plain When it is so the Major ought to make a square Battalion which fronts every way and which is fraized with Pikes serving as Walls to hinder the Horse to break in whilst the Musketteers fire The Battalion of the Count de Fontaine at the Battel of Rocroy the first of so many Victories obtained by Monsieur the Prince stood firm against the Horse and could not be broken but by Cannon To fire in gaining of ground the Battalion is commanded to advance as fast as the former Ranks discharge ordering them to fall off to the Rear so soon as they have fired by this word of Command To the Right and Left by half Ranks Fall off to the Rear of the Battalion March When they would fire in losing of ground the first Rank discharges and falls off to the Rear of the Battalion and so the rest successively To make all the Musketteers of a Battalion draw their Swords after they have fired whilst their Muskets are still on the Sword side the Major gives this word of Command Draw your Swords To the Right four times To the Right about To the Left four times To the Left about As ye were Put up your Swords Joyn your right hand to your Muskets Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Rest upon your Arms. Lay down your Arms. Take up your Arms. Shoulder your Muskets After the handling of Arms and the Motions if the Colonel would have the Battalion to march he is to tell the Major who shall give this word of Command to the Officers To the Right and Left Gentlemen Officers take your Posts on the head of the Battalion March Then he shall make the Soldiers close their Files in this manner Soldiers take heed to close your Files The right hand File stand still To the Right close your Files March As ye were When the Files are closed the Colonel gives order in what manner he would have the Battalion to march and the Major divides the Captains one half for the Front and the other for the Rear he places the Lieutenants at the head of every Division of Musketteets the Sub-Lieutenants and Ensigns at the Divisions of Pikes and the Serjeants on the Flanks he divides his Drummers into three parts one third part on the Front another before the Pikes and the last on the Rear and in that order he makes his Battalion file off commanding the Serjeants to even their Ranks as they march The Major makes the Regiment march in all Figures in Battalia all the Officers on the head making all the Battalion present their Arms aâ— when they are to charge an Enemy by a March a half March a quarter March and by a half quarter March If the Colonel command the Companies to be dismissed the Major shall draw up the Regiment in Battalia iâ— the same place from whence it marched and shall begin by making the Pikes draw off from the Centre of the Battalion to the Rear Pikes to the Right about March Halt As ye were Then he makes the
to be drawn letting no body in unless the Major or Aide-Major bring orders for it from the Governour When it is time to shut the gates the Alarm-bell is Rung to call in those that are abroad in the fields and the Aide Majors or Captains of the gates attended by some Musketteers of the Court of Guard of the place of Arms come â—o the Governours house for the â—eyes and so soon as they come to â—he gates the Officers command the â—ouldiers to light their Matches and â—aving Ranked them in two Files orâ—er them to present their Arms and â—end the Pikes to help to draw up â—he Bridges After that the gates â—re shut one half of the Guard is â—rawn off that they may pass the â—ight upon the Ramparts in the â—ourts of Guard of the Courtines or Bastions the Corporals send some of the Souldiers of their Escouades for Wood and Candle and the Serjeants go to the place of Arms to receive the Word which is no sooner given but that the Drums beat thâ— retreat and the Serjeants of Guarâ— carry the Word to their Officers anâ— give it about amongst the Corporalâ— who command the Sentinels to suffeâ— no body any more to pass upon thâ— Ramparts without commanding theâ— to stand and giving notice of it tâ— the Court of Guard When the Major goes the Round the Officers of the Guard go and receive him by two Musketteers anâ— give him the Word onceonly thâ—â— is at his Round-major When the Governour or King Lieutenant go the Round the Officeâ— having Ranked their Souldiers â—â— File out of the Court of Guard anâ— without Arms send four Musketteeâ—â— to receive them ten paces off anâ— give them the Word as often as theâ— please to demand it All other Rounâ— without exception ought to give thâ— word to the Corporals or Lanspâ—sades of the Courts of Guard whâ— receive it with the point of their â—â—â—ked Sword at the heart of him thâ—â— gives it In Garrisons that are well guarded the Rounds go every quarter of an hour to the end the Rampart may never be unfurnished The Rounds are alwayes made with light and so soon as a Sentinel perceives any it is his duty to cry Who comes there so loud that he may be heard by the next Courts of Guard He that goes the Round should answer the Round or the Round-major or the Governours Round The Sentinels by whom he passes shall alwayes present their Arms and never permit any whomsoever to approach them When he draws near a Court of Guard the Sentinel before the Arms shall ask him very loud who comes there so soon as he answers the Round he is to bid him Stand. Corporal come forth Thereupon the Corporal comes immediately out of the Court of Guard draws his Sword and asks Who comes there when he is answered the Round He saies let him that hath the Word advance The Round advances and gives the Word into the Corporals ear so low that he can be heard of no body but of him alone but if perchance one should give another word than what was the true he ought to stop him that goes the Round and acquaint his Officer who orders him to be kept in the Courts of Guard all the night long The out Courts of Guard make Rounds about the covered wayes in French les chemins couverts but they give no word they are only made to hearken and every Souldieâ— goes the Round by turn The Patrouilles are made in the streets of the Town by a Serjeant and six Musketteers of the Guard of the place of Arms to make the Souldiers retire to their Quarters the publick houses shut their doors and to hinder the disorders that may be committed by night stopping and carrying to the Court of Guard all that are found in the streets without light and order At what hour so ever the Alarm is Rung all the Companies ought with diligence to gather together before the Captains Quarters who leads them to the Posts that have been appointed them by the Major At the break of day the Drums beat the Reveillie which the French call the Dienne the Alarm-bell is rung the Aide-majors and Captains of the gates come to the Governours house for the Keyes and the Officers of the Guard bring off the Souldiers who passed the night on the Ramparts Rank them in two Files and make them present their Arms whilest the Gates are opening the Majors send a Serjeant with some Musketteers to scoute in the Suburbs and in the hollow wayes about the Town and draw a Bridge upon them until they come back when they bring account that there is no danger the rest of the Bridges are let down the Corporals place the out Sentinels whom they inform of what they have to do the Majors and Captains of the Gates carry back the Keys to the Governours house and the Officers make the Souldiers lay down their Arms. In Towns where are many horse the Governour places daily fifty Troopers in Guard and sends every morning an Officer with some Horsemen to beat the Rode half a League round the place Every Officer of Guard must answer for his Post and no man not so much as his Colonel can command him in any thing except the Governour of the place or he that commands in his absence All Governours or Commanders ought to have a Sentinel at their door and as often as they pass by any Court of Guard the Officers are obliged to draw out their Souldiers put them in Haye without Arms and stand at their head If the Commander of a place be a Lieutenant General he is to have a Guard at his door consisting of a Lieutenant Serjeant and thirty men who are to be in Arms as well as the other Courts of Guard every time that he passes but the Drums are not to beat the March. When a Commander is Mareschal of France or Governour of a Province he is to have a Guard of fifty men commanded by a Captain Lieutenant a sub-Lieutenant and two Serjeants and all Courts of Guard are obliged to be in Arms when he passes by and the Drums to beat the March. When the Princes of blood the Mareschals of France and the Generals of an Army pass through any Town the Governours furnish them with a Foot-guard and at their entry and departure salute them with some Volleys of Cannon CAAP. XXIII Of Battels The way of Drawing an Army into Battalia page 76.1 st part The Left Wing First Line Second Line The Body of Reserve Another way of Drawing an Army into Battalia page 76.1 st part first Line second Line The Body of Reserve The General makes a body of reserve of some Brigads of Horse and Foot whom he Posts at the Reer of the lines and commands all his Dragoons to alight that they may first fall on with the Forlorn hope posting them for that end at the Front of his Army Afterward he visits his Regiments one after another and places General
the Surgeon Major of the Regiment He ought to make Provision of Medicaments proper to stop Bleeding hinder Inflammation and ease Pains There is no Company but hath one or two Drummers and a Drum-Major over all who hath the care of instructing the rest and guarding the Enemies Drummers that come into the Camp He can with his Baton punish those that fail in their duty and goes Evening and Morning to the Major to receive his Orders The Drummers duty is to beat all Points as the General the Call or Gathering the Dernier the March the Allarm the Parly the Answer to Parleys the Reveilly the Tattoe and the Bans. The Soldier ought to be stout strong a good Husband and obedient to all his Officers from the Captain to the Lanspassades He should study to keep himself neat to make his Arms bright and clean to know how to use them the Soldier 's duties the motions of his Company its March to lodge himlelf in the Field keep his Guard and Sentinel-Post to understand the Beat of Drum and to be diligent to come to his Colours His eating and sleep should be regulated according to his leisure and not his pleasure CHAP. XVI Of the way of forming a Battalion WHen a Colonel on any occasion would have his Regiment to be in Arms he sends his Major to the place of Rendezvous to draw up the Companies as fast as they arrive there who puts first the Colonel's Company in Battalia six men deep distant three large paces from one another and places the Pikes on the left hand of the Musketteers The other Companies draw up according to the first All being posted the Major commands silence and orders fix Serjeants to mark the half Ranks that he may make the Pikes enter into the Centre of the Musketteers by this word of Command The way of forming a Battalion Page 51 in the Second Part. The Explication of the present Figure THis Figure represents a Battalion of sixteen Companies with the Officers at their Posts A The Colonel B The Lieutenant-Colonel aaa c. The Captains bb The Lieutenants CC The Lieutenants-Reformed and Ensigns DD The Serjeants EE The Drummers on the Flanks F The Major G The Aid Major ooo The Musketteers III The Pikes Soldiers take heed to form the Battalion To the Right and Left Musketteers and Pikes Form the Battalion March The Musketteers of the Colonel's Company stand still the right hand half Rank of Pikes turn to the Left the Musketteers to the Right the left hand half rank of Pikes turn to the Right the Musketteers to the Left and march both together through the Intervals of the Ranks till the Pikes come to the Centre of the Battalion separated from the Musketteers and the Musketteers on the Right and Left separated from the Pikes When they have performed that Motion the Major reduces them as they were by this word of Command As ye were They that turned to the Left turn to the Right they that turned to the Right to the Left and by this means every one faces the Major and so the Battalion is formed This is a far shorter way than that which was in use not long ago CHAP. XVII Of Exercising WHen the Regiment is in Battalia if the Colonel intend to see them exercise he gives notice to the Major who makes them open their Files one pace giving thereby the Soldiers the liberty of the arm to handle their Arms. This is the word of Command he gives Soldiers take heed to open your Files The right hand File stands still Open your Files to the left a paces distance March All the Soldiers turn to the Lest the lest hand File begins to march and the others move not from their places until they see those that go before them at a paces distance The Soldiers in marching are to have care to keep in a straight line by their Right hand-man and File-leader When the Major perceives that the Files are sufficiently opened he says to them Halt As you were Even your Ranks and straighten your Files All things thus disposed the Major gives the word of Command to the Serjeants Serjeants take beed To the Right and Left by half Ranks form Files upon the Flanks of the Battalion March Then he gives this word of Command to the Officers who are at the head of the Battalion Gentlenten Officers we are going to Exercise To the Right and Left take your Post on the Flanks of the Battalion March The words of Command in Exercising Soldiers take heed Silence Carry your Arms well The Soldiers are to have a care to make no motion until the word of Command be given and ended to the end that the handling of Arms and the motions may be done at the same time Joyn the Right hand to the Musket â—oise your Musket Joyn the left hand to your Musket Take your Match Blow your Match Cock your Match Try your Match Cover your Pan with your two fore singers Open your Pan. Present Fire Recover your Arms. Take your Match Return it into its place Blow your Pan. Take your Primer Prime Close your Pan. Blow off the loose Corns Cast your Musker about to your swords side Take the Charge Open it with your teeth Put the Powder into the Barrel Draw your scouring Stick Hold up your scouring Stick Shorten it against your breast Put the scouring Stick into the Barrel Ram. Recover your scouring Stick Hold up your scouring Stick Shorten it against your breast Return the scouring Stick into its place Joyn the right hand to your Musket Poise your Musket Shoulder your Musket The Exercise of the Pike Whilst the Pikes are exercising the Musketteers are made to order or rest upon their Arms by this word of Command Rest your selves upon your Arms. Pikes take heed To the Right to the Right to the Right to the Right To the Right about As ye were To the Left to the Left to the Left to the Left To the Left about As ye were Advance your Pike To the Right charge four times Charge to the Right about As ye were Charge to the Left four times Charge to the Left about As ye were Advance your Pike Shoulder your Pike Charge to the Right As ye were Charge to the Left As ye were Charge to the Left about As ye were Comport your Pike Charge As ye were Charge Trail your Pike As ye were Push your Pike three times Advance your Pikes Charge to the Horse Draw your Swords Put up your Swords Advance your Pike Ground your Pike Rest upon your Arms. The Pikes as well as Musketteers ought to have a care when they turn to the Right or Left not to clash their Arms one against another for that clattering is most unpleasant to the ear Take heed all the Battalion Shoulder your Muskets The Pikes at the same time advance their Pikes To the Right four times To the Right about As ye were To the Left four times To the Left about