first_o order_n double_o your_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_v your_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n secondlie_o rank_n be_v double_v by_o the_o bringers-up_a when_o the_o last_o rank_n advance_v through_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o file_n and_o after_o it_o the_o nixt_v last_o rank_n and_o so_o the_o rest_n successivelie_o till_o the_o bringers-up_a be_v in_o rank_n with_o the_o leader_n the_o 9_o rank_n with_o the_o 2._o the_o 8_o with_o the_o 3._o the_o 7_o with_o the_o 4._o the_o bringers-up_a middleman_n with_o the_o leader_n middle-man_n so_o your_o front_n be_v double_v with_o your_o best_a man_n and_o this_o be_v do_v as_o the_o former_a either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o right_n the_o bringers-up_a with_o those_o that_o follow_v go_v up_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o leader_n if_o to_o the_o left_a they_o go_v up_o upon_o their_o left_a hand_n as_o in_o these_o figure_n follow_v appear_v iklm_a nopq_n the_o figure_n i._o k._n l._n m._n be_v a_o double_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o you_o see_v the_o 10_o rank_n with_o the_o 9_o and_o 8._o follow_a it_o be_v march_v through_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o file_n and_o go_v up_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o leader_n until_o the_o 10_o rank_n come_v to_o the_o front_n 1._o k._n and_o as_o the_o rank_n march_v up_o to_o the_o front_n they_o leave_v as_o many_o void_a place_n towards_o the_o rear_n l_o m._n as_o in_o the_o figure_n you_o may_v see_v mark_v by_o these_o point_n ..._o the_o figure_n n_o o_fw-fr p_o qui_fw-fr show_v a_o double_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o 10._o rank_n with_o the_o rest_n follow_v it_o be_v march_v up_o upon_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o leader_n towards_o the_o front_n n._n o._n and_o leave_v the_o void_a space_n towards_o the_o rear_n p._n q._n as_o do_v the_o former_a let_v the_o pickeman_n observe_v when_o they_o begin_v to_o double_v that_o they_o advance_v or_o mount_v their_o pick_v and_o when_o they_o have_v double_v that_o they_o order_n or_o overend_n they_o and_o in_o reducement_n that_o they_o turn_v to_o the_o contrary_a hand_n as_o i_o show_v before_o in_o the_o first_o double_v war_n double_v count_n mansfield_n in_o his_o direction_n of_o war_n count_n mansfield_n call_v this_o motion_n a_o double_n by_o induction_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v bringers-up_a as_o you_o be_v bringers-up_a double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n bringers-up_a double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o left_a our_o scots_a word_n of_o command_n be_v ten_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n ten_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n ten_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n thirdlie_o rank_n be_v double_v by_o middle-man_n or_o half_a file_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o last_o five_o rank_n march_v up_o through_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o file_n till_o the_o bringers-up_a middle-man_n be_v in_o evin_a front_n with_o the_o file-leader_n so_o that_o the_o sixth_o rank_n of_o 10_o deipth_n double_v the_o first_o the_o 7._o the_o 2._o the_o 8._o the_o 3._o the_o 9_o the_o 4._o the_o bringers-up_a the_o leader_n middle-man_n and_o this_o be_v do_v either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n as_o the_o former_a when_o the_o middle-man_n go_v up_o either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o leadere_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o command_n as_o the_o figure_n follow_v show_v rstv_n xyza_n those_o two_o figure_n be_v battle_n of_o pick_v only_a which_o i_o have_v set_v down_o for_o breafe_a perspicuity_n cause_n for_o you_o may_v imagine_v the_o like_a motion_n to_o be_v do_v by_o musquetier_n on_o the_o flank_n the_o battle_n then_o r._n s._n t._n v._o be_v a_o double_n of_o rank_n by_o middle-man_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o you_o see_v the_o sixth_o rank_n with_o the_o 7.8.9_o &_o 10._o follow_a it_o be_v go_v up_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o leader_n to_o the_o front_n r.s._n and_o leave_v the_o void_a space_n where_o they_o stand_v towards_o the_o rear_n t._n v._o so_o that_o the_o depth_n which_o be_v before_o from_o s._n to_o v._o be_v now_o diminish_v to_o the_o half_a x._o y._n z._n a._n be_v a_o double_n by_o middle-man_n to_o the_o left_a where_o the_o examine_v rank_n march_v up_o upon_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o leader_n to_o the_o front_n x._o y._n leave_v their_o void_a space_n towards_o the_o rear_n z._n a._n and_o diminish_v the_o depth_n as_o the_o former_a the_o word_n of_o command_n half_a file_n as_o you_o be_v middle-man_n or_o half_a file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a your_o front_n middle-man_n or_o half_a file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a your_o front_n our_o scote_n word_n of_o command_n be_v sixth_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n sixth_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n sixth_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n observe_v that_o those_o doublinge_n be_v to_o be_v do_v at_o open_a order_n fourthlie_o rank_n be_v double_v by_o middle-man_n or_o half_a file_n enteare_v or_o by_o division_n enteare_n when_o the_o half_a file_n or_o last_o five_o rank_n face_v about_o to_o the_o hand_n to_o which_o they_o be_v command_v to_o double_a &_o march_v out_o altogether_o from_o the_o body_n till_o they_o be_v clear_a of_o it_o and_o then_o face_n to_o the_o front_n and_o march_v up_o to_o join_v themselves_o in_o evin_a front_n with_o the_o file_n leader_n by_o division_n when_o those_o half_a file_n do_v face_n the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o to_o the_o left_a and_o so_o go_v out_o from_o the_o body_n they_o march_v up_o upon_o both_o flank_n until_o they_o come_v and_o front_n with_o the_o file-leader_n as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o these_o figure_n follow_v abc_n def_n ghik_n the_o figure_n a._n b._n c._n be_v a_o double_n of_o the_o front_n by_o the_o half_a file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n enteare_v where_o you_o see_v the_o last_o five_o rank_n c._n be_v pass_v out_o together_o from_o the_o body_n and_o be_v march_v up_o upon_o the_o right_a flank_n b._n to_o join_v in_o evin_a front_n with_o the_o first_o 5._o rank_n the_o figure_n d._n e._n f._n be_v a_o double_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o last_o five_o rank_n f._n be_v go_v out_o from_o the_o body_n to_o the_o left_a and_o be_v march_v up_o the_o left_a flank_n d._n to_o front_n with_o the_o rest_n as_o the_o former_a do_v upon_o the_o right_n g._n h._n i._o k._n be_v a_o double_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n where_o you_o see_v the_o last_o 5._o rank_n i.k._n have_v divide_v themselves_o and_o go_v out_o from_o the_o body_n the_o one_o half_a k._n march_v up_o the_o right_a flank_n h._n the_o other_o half_o i._o march_v up_o the_o left_a flank_n g._n to_o join_v all_o in_o evin_fw-fr front_n with_o the_o rest_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v half_a file_n as_o you_o be_v half_n file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a your_o front_n enteare_v half_n file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a your_o front_n enteare_v half_n file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n i_o have_v not_o see_v our_o scots_a commander_n use_v this_o motion_n in_o their_o exercease_n and_o therefore_o i_o can_v set_v down_o their_o word_n of_o command_n in_o this_o motion_n if_o you_o will_v keep_v your_o shot_n and_o your_o pick_n together_o you_o must_v cause_v your_o shot_n on_o the_o flank_n to_o edge_n outward_a and_o leave_v a_o distance_n for_o the_o pick_v to_o come_v up_o and_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n and_o your_o shot_n that_o double_v march_v out_o and_o join_v with_o rest_n of_o the_o shot_n i_o have_v hear_v many_o commander_n slight_v this_o motion_n as_o unprofitable_a but_o i_o do_v not_o approve_v their_o opinion_n for_o i_o hold_v it_o the_o most_o useful_a motion_n that_o can_v be_v practise_v in_o double_v of_o rank_n and_o more_o serviceable_a than_o any_o other_o double_v whatsoever_o because_o all_o other_o doubling_n must_v be_v do_v at_o open_a order_n &_o therefore_o can_v be_v use_v when_o the_o enemy_n come_v to_o charge_n or_o in_o time_n of_o fight_n because_o that_o distance_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o these_o doublinge_n be_v do_v at_o close_a order_n &_o therefore_o may_v be_v use_v in_o time_n of_o fight_n and_o at_o all_o other_o time_n without_o any_o trouble_n again_o other_o doubling_n disturb_v the_o battle_n &_o make_v a_o confusion_n by_o march_v through_o the_o
to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n leave_v the_o void_a distance_n in_o the_o middle_n which_o other_o closing_n leave_v upon_o the_o wing_n as_o if_o the_o half_a battle_n shall_v move_v from_o k_o n_n to_o l_o o_fw-fr and_o the_o other_o half_n from_o k_o n_n to_o i_o m_n with_o this_o word_n of_o command_n file_n close_o to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v by_o division_n to_o your_o order_n or_o close_a order_n to_o reduce_v your_o file_n after_o close_v to_o their_o first_o posture_n or_o station_n be_v to_o open_a file_n to_o the_o distance_n they_o have_v before_o their_o close_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v short_o speak_v 32._o speak_v aelian_a tact._n c._n 32._o aelian_a say_v that_o close_n of_o file_n be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o face_v as_o indeed_o it_o be_v the_o most_o fit_a action_n perform_v how_o the_o motion_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v but_o i_o have_v see_v many_o commander_n in_o exercise_n use_v this_o motion_n without_o any_o face_n only_o move_v sydeling_n to_o the_o hand_n to_o which_o the_o command_n be_v to_o close_v and_o forsooth_o they_o will_v defend_v this_o to_o be_v good_a because_o say_v they_o face_v in_o so_o small_a a_o bound_n as_o a_o private_a company_n take_v up_o be_v needless_a but_o i_o say_v they_o maintain_v one_fw-mi error_n for_o lay_v aside_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o grecian_a practice_n which_o just_o may_v be_v term_v the_o touchstone_n of_o martial_a discipline_n they_o be_v easy_o convince_v by_o reason_n because_o facing_n perform_v the_o motion_n more_o assure_o and_o more_o graceful_o then_o go_v asydwayes_o see_v their_o step_n be_v not_o sure_a be_v subject_n to_o stumble_v neither_o the_o action_n comely_a and_o although_o the_o first_o or_o second_o file_n next_o the_o hand_n to_o which_o they_o close_o have_v but_o a_o little_a ground_n to_o go_v yet_o the_o ground_n do_v accresse_n according_a as_o the_o file_n be_v remove_v from_o the_o stand_a file_n which_o our_o blunt_a commander_n do_v not_o consider_v so_o that_o the_o uttermost_a file_n must_v march_v the_o half_a of_o the_o bound_n wherein_o the_o battle_n stand_v before_o the_o close_n as_o for_o example_n say_v you_o have_v a_o single_a company_n of_o 200_o man_n make_v you_o 20_o in_o front_n and_o stand_v at_o open_a order_n six_o foot_n betwixt_o file_n the_o bound_n that_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n take_v up_o be_v 120_o foot_n this_o be_v find_v by_o multiply_v the_o number_n of_o your_o man_n in_o front_n by_o the_o distance_n they_o stand_v in_o as_o 20_o multiply_v be_v 6_o the_o factum_fw-la be_v 120_o if_o then_o you_o command_v file_n to_o close_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o their_o order_n or_o distance_n of_o 3_o foot_n the_o left_a hand_n file_n shall_v have_v 60_o foot_n of_o ground_n to_o march_v before_o he_o close_o to_o his_o distance_n require_v which_o if_o he_o march_v sydeling_n you_o may_v easy_o consider_v what_o a_o steadfast_a and_o graceful_a motion_n it_o will_v be_v the_o argument_n than_o be_v evident_a the_o most_o assure_a and_o most_o graceful_a motion_n be_v the_o best_a motion_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o close_v of_o file_n by_o face_v according_a to_o the_o grecian_a form_n be_v the_o most_o assure_a and_o most_o graceful_a motion_n ergo_fw-la close_v of_o file_n by_o facing_n be_v the_o best_a the_o major_a i_o hope_v no_o man_n will_v deny_v the_o minor_a i_o have_v already_o prove_v this_o i_o think_v good_a to_o advertise_v you_o who_o i_o will_v wish_v to_o learn_v the_o art_n militare_fw-la scientifice_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o there_o be_v many_o man_n who_o pertinacious_o will_v maintain_v their_o bad_a custom_n and_o will_v obtrude_v they_o for_o precept_n and_o good_a law_n upon_o man_n as_o also_o i_o have_v know_v many_o commander_n more_o fraught_v with_o a_o thrasonical_a ostentation_n than_o any_o skill_n to_o perform_v their_o charge_n close_v of_o rank_n be_v a_o contract_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o battle_n rank_n of_o close_v of_o rank_n and_o it_o be_v perform_v one_o way_n only_o to_o wit_n towards_o the_o front_n which_o be_v thus_o do_v the_o file-leader_n or_o first_o rank_n stand_v still_o the_o second_o rank_n come_v up_o and_o close_v to_o the_o distance_n command_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n move_v up_o and_o close_o to_o the_o examine_v distance_n every_o man_n take_v his_o distance_n from_o his_o leader_n pqr_v this_o figure_n p_o q_o r_o s_o be_v the_o bound_n wherein_o your_o battle_n stand_v at_o open_a order_n or_o distance_n of_o 6._o foot_n betwixt_o rank_n now_o the_o depth_n be_v contract_v and_o the_o rank_n have_v march_v up_o from_o the_o rear_n r.s._n and_o close_v towards_o the_o front_n p_o q._n to_o their_o order_n or_o distance_n of_o 3_o foot_n so_o that_o your_o rank_n possess_v only_o the_o half_a of_o the_o bound_n they_o have_v before_o the_o close_n from_o r_n s_o to_o the_o 10_o rank_n be_v the_o void_a ground_n wherein_o the_o half_a of_o your_o rank_n do_v stand_v before_o your_o close_n to_o wit_n the_o 10.9.8.7_o &_o 6._o so_o that_o the_o 10_o rank_n stand_v now_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o 6_o stand_v before_o the_o close_n the_o word_n of_o command_n close_v your_o rank_n to_o your_o order_n or_o close_a order_n our_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n close_o to_o your_o second_o or_o three_o distance_n the_o emperor_n 84._o emperor_n leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 7._o §._o 84._o leo_n speak_v of_o a_o close_n of_o rank_n backward_o to_o the_o rear_n which_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o motion_n because_o it_o be_v not_o commodious_a nor_o yet_o aggreeable_a to_o our_o modern_a practice_n i_o will_v not_o touch_v open_v file_n of_o opening_z of_o file_n be_v a_o extension_n of_o the_o length_n or_o depth_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o therefore_o be_v twofolde_v of_o file_n or_o of_o rank_n open_v of_o file_n be_v a_o extension_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o place_n and_o it_o be_v threefold_a as_o be_v the_o close_n for_o file_n be_v open_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o to_o both_o open_v of_o file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v thus_o perform_v the_o left_a hand_n file_n stand_v still_o the_o next_o file_n unto_o it_o first_o take_v its_o distance_n press_v upon_o the_o next_o file_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n successivelie_o still_o press_v upon_o the_o right_a hand_n till_o they_o have_v all_o obtain_v the_o distance_n command_v tuxy_n tuxy_n be_v a_o open_n of_o file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o you_o must_v conceive_v the_o left_a hand_n file_n tx_n which_o be_v the_o 10_o to_o stand_v still_o so_o you_o see_v the_o 9_o and_o 8_o to_o have_v already_o take_v their_o distance_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n to_o be_v move_v towards_o the_o right_a hand_n vy_z till_o they_o have_v all_o get_v their_o distance_n require_v in_o open_v of_o file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n you_o must_v do_v the_o contrare_fw-la way_n for_o you_o make_v the_o right_a hand_n file_n stand_v still_o and_o the_o rest_n to_o open_v towards_o the_o left_a still_o press_v upon_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o the_o former_a do_v upon_o the_o right_a hand_n till_o they_o have_v all_o get_v the_o distance_n command_v and_o so_o both_o of_o they_o take_v up_o the_o double_a of_o the_o bound_n they_o stand_v in_o before_o abcd_v abcd_a be_v a_o open_n of_o file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n bd_o stand_v still_o the_o 2_o and_o 3_o have_v already_o get_v their_o distance_n the_o rest_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o left_a hand_n ac_fw-la till_o they_o also_o get_v their_o distance_n require_v open_v of_o file_n to_o both_o hand_n be_v perform_v thus_o the_o two_o middlemost_a file_n press_v upon_o the_o flank_n the_o one_o upon_o the_o right_n the_o other_o upon_o the_o left_a and_o take_v their_o distance_n and_o stand_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n on_o both_o flank_n take_v their_o distance_n from_o they_o moving_z the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o right_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n till_o they_o have_v all_o get_v their_o distance_n command_v efgh_o efgh_o be_v a_o open_n of_o file_n to_o both_o hand_n where_o you_o see_v the_o two_o middlemost_a file_n to_o have_v get_v their_o distance_n the_o fyft_n have_v press_v upon_o the_o right_a flank_n fh_o the_o sixth_o upon_o the_o left_a eglantine_n the_o file_n next_o unto_o they_o the_o 4_o upon_o the_o right_a flank_n and_o the_o 7._o upon_o the_o left_a have_v also_o take_v their_o distance_n the_o rest_n be_v move_v upon_o both_o flank_n till_o
the_o enemy_n or_o receive_v his_o charge_n by_o the_o second_o reteir_a from_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o three_o march_v by_o a_o enemy_n first_o then_o they_o be_v teach_v to_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n advance_v upon_o the_o enemy_n after_o this_o manner_n front_n how_o to_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n a_o sergeant_n or_o some_o high_a officer_n if_o the_o body_n be_v great_a stand_v some_o 7_o or_o 8_o pace_n before_o the_o body_n &_o command_v the_o first_o two_o rank_n of_o both_o wing_n to_o make_v ready_a and_o to_o come_v up_o to_o he_o which_o when_o they_o have_v do_v he_o command_v the_o first_o rank_n to_o present_v and_o give_v fire_n and_o thereafter_o to_o fall_v away_o those_o of_o the_o right_a flank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n those_o of_o the_o left_a flank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n that_o be_v to_o march_v away_o one_o after_o another_o in_o a_o file_n down_o by_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o battallion_n and_o join_v in_o the_o rear_n every_o man_n behind_o his_o own_o file_n when_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v fall_v away_o the_o second_o present_n and_o give_v fire_n and_o fall_v away_o as_o the_o first_o immediate_o as_o the_o first_o two_o rank_n do_v move_v to_o go_v up_o and_o give_v fire_n the_o next_o two_o rank_n must_v make_v ready_a and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o first_o two_o rank_n be_v fall_v away_o they_o go_v up_o to_o their_o place_n and_o give_v fire_n and_o fall_v away_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n as_o they_o do_v so_o all_o the_o other_o rank_n by_o twoe_n be_v to_o do_v the_o examine_v one_o after_o another_o until_o they_o have_v all_o give_a fire_n when_o the_o first_o two_o rank_n be_v advance_v the_o body_n move_v up_o to_o their_o place_n and_o the_o rest_n successive_o till_o the_o whole_a rank_n have_v give_v fire_n and_o make_v way_n for_o the_o first_o rank_n to_o renew_v the_o volie_n abcd_n you_o see_v in_o this_o battle_n a_o b_o c_o d_o the_o first_o two_o rank_n of_o each_o wing_n be_v advance_v before_o the_o body_n to_o give_v fire_n and_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o both_o wing_n have_v already_o give_v fire_n and_o fall_v away_o that_o of_o the_o right_a wing_n b_o d_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n that_o of_o the_o left_a wing_n a_o c_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o both_o of_o they_o fall_v down_o to_o the_o rear_n every_o man_n behind_o his_o own_o file_n the_o second_o rank_n of_o both_o wing_n have_v present_v to_o give_v fire_n and_o thereafter_o fall_v away_o as_o the_o first_o do_v and_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n but_o if_o your_o battallion_n cosi_v of_o any_o great_a number_n as_o of_o 400_o or_o 600_o man_n so_o that_o you_o have_v 10_o or_o 15_o musquetier_n in_o rank_n on_o each_o wing_n than_o you_o must_v observe_v to_o make_v they_o fall_v away_o by_o division_n that_o be_v they_o must_v divide_v themselves_o and_o fall_v away_o down_o by_o the_o division_n or_o street_n which_o the_o sergeant_n cause_v make_v to_o that_o purpose_n through_o the_o body_n of_o the_o musquetier_n those_o of_o the_o right_a wing_n fall_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n those_o of_o the_o lest_o wing_n fall_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n efghiklmno_n you_o see_v here_o a_o battallion_n of_o 400_o man_n consist_v of_o half_a pick_v half_a musquetier_n have_v 10_o musquetier_n in_o rank_n on_o each_o wing_n the_o right_a wing_n be_v g_o h_o m_o o_o the_o left_a wing_n e_o f_o i_o l_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o both_o wing_n have_v give_v fire_n &_o fall_v away_o that_o of_o the_o right_a wing_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o one_o half_a without_o the_o right_a flank_n h_n o_o the_o other_o half_o through_o the_o division_n n_n that_o of_o the_o left_a wing_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o one_o half_a without_o the_o left_a flank_n e_o i_o the_o other_o through_o the_o division_n k._n or_o else_o you_o may_v make_v they_o fall_v away_o as_o i_o have_v see_v many_o do_v on_o each_o wing_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n make_v those_o who_o fall_v away_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n through_o the_o division_n n_n to_o fall_v away_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n through_o the_o division_n g_o m_o betwixt_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o the_o musquetier_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o pick_v and_o those_o who_o fall_v away_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n through_o the_o division_n k_o to_o fall_v away_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n through_o the_o division_n f_o l_o betwixt_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o musquetier_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o pick_v and_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o shall_v keep_v the_o body_n of_o your_o shot_n whole_a and_o undisjoin_v which_o many_o commander_n study_v to_o do_v but_o if_o your_o battalion_n be_v great_a as_o consist_v of_o 600_o or_o 800_o man_n so_o that_o you_o have_v 15_o or_o 20_o musquetier_n in_o rank_n on_o each_o wing_v then_o of_o necessity_n you_o must_v make_v street_n or_o divisiones_fw-la through_o the_o body_n of_o your_o musquetier_n to_o they_o to_o fall_v away_o five_o &_o five_o for_o good_a commander_n hold_v a_o maxim_n that_o more_o than_o fyve_o musquetier_n to_o make_v ready_a service_n ought_v not_o to_o fall_v away_o together_o and_o if_o the_o front_n be_v long_o then_o to_o make_v so_o many_o divisiones_fw-la as_o there_o be_v five_o to_o fall_v away_o because_o when_o the_o whole_a rank_n of_o musquetier_n if_o they_o be_v many_o fall_v away_o together_o one_o after_o another_o they_o take_v a_o long_a time_n before_o they_o can_v all_o fall_v away_o and_o so_o hinder_v the_o next_o rank_n to_o come_v up_o and_o give_v fire_n whereas_o fall_v away_o by_o division_n they_o do_v it_o in_o a_o instant_n and_o make_v present_a way_n for_o the_o next_o rank_n to_o give_v fire_n as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v opqrstv_n o_o p_o q_o v_n be_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o a_o battle_n of_o 800._o man_n contain_v 200._o musquetier_v make_v 20_o in_o front_n you_o see_v then_o the_o first_o rank_n o_o p_o have_v give_v fire_n and_o divide_v itself_o in_o four_o part_n contain_v every_o one_o fyve_o fall_v all_o away_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v fall_v away_o by_o the_o right_a flank_n p_o v_n the_o next_o through_o the_o division_n t_o the_o three_o through_o the_o division_n s_o the_o four_o through_o the_o division_n r_o so_o that_o the_o whole_a twenty_o musquetier_n fall_v away_o in_o as_o short_a time_n as_o five_o only_o will_v have_v do_v whereas_o if_o they_o have_v fall_v away_o altogether_o to_o either_o hand_n they_o will_v have_v take_v four_o time_n as_o much_o time_n or_o have_v fall_v away_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a they_o will_v have_v take_v twice_o so_o much_o time_n as_o they_o have_v now_o take_v in_o fall_v away_o by_o division_n &_o therefore_o make_v ready_a way_n to_o the_o follow_a rank_n to_o come_v up_o &_o give_v fire_n against_o the_o enemy_n the_o like_v you_o may_v understand_v of_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o musquetier_n where_o they_o will_v all_o fall_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o these_o have_v do_v to_o the_o right_n this_o form_n of_o fall_v away_o i_o have_v find_v approve_v and_o have_v see_v practise_v by_o the_o most_o judicious_a and_o best_a experiment_a commander_n of_o our_o day_n notwithstanding_o i_o know_v many_o commander_n who_o not_o consider_v this_o make_v all_o their_o musquetier_n fall_v off_o together_o or_o at_o the_o most_o to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n how_o many_o so_o ever_o they_o be_v for_o there_o be_v many_o more_o curious_a to_o make_v unlawful_a gain_n by_o their_o company_n then_o careful_a to_o perform_v a_o duty_n belong_v to_o their_o charge_n i_o have_v see_v another_o manner_n of_o fall_v away_o use_v by_o the_o english_a which_o be_v by_o counter_a march_n thus_o when_o the_o first_o rank_n have_v give_v fire_n all_o those_o of_o the_o rank_n turn_v together_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o march_v down_o through_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o file_n while_o they_o come_v to_o the_o rear_n and_o likewise_o the_o second_o rank_n &_o all_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o another_o and_o it_o be_v chief_o use_v in_o a_o phalanx_n amphistomus_fw-la where_o the_o half_a of_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o musquetier_n give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o other_o half_n in_o the_o rear_n when_o they_o countermarch_v to_o the_o division_n which_o be_v make_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o rank_n but_o to_o perform_v this_o the_o file_n must_v be_v at_o open_a order_n and_o they_o must_v be_v very_o expert_a musquetier_n they_o use_v another_o form_n of_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n without_o any_o fall_n away_o thus_o when_o
may_v understand_v if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v upon_o your_o left_a wing_n for_o then_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n be_v to_o turn_v about_o to_o the_o left_a and_o to_o give_v fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o do_v all_o as_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n have_v do_v and_o so_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n in_o the_o left_a wing_n do_v after_o the_o like_a manner_n as_o those_o of_o the_o right_n observe_v only_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o hand_n or_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v on_o both_o your_o flank_n you_o may_v make_v both_o your_o flank_n do_v as_o one_o have_v do_v although_o this_o form_n of_o gather_v together_o of_o the_o file_n which_o i_o have_v show_v be_v most_o usual_a yet_o there_o be_v many_o good_a commander_n who_o dislike_v it_o and_o think_v it_o better_o that_o the_o file_n which_o have_v give_v fire_n do_v not_o stand_v long_o than_o they_o be_v free_a of_o the_o body_n but_o turn_v a_o little_a to_o the_o left_a march_v immediate_o up_o to_o the_o other_o side_n between_o the_o pick_v and_o the_o wing_n of_o musquetier_n where_o there_o be_v a_o distance_n leave_v for_o that_o effect_n qrstv_n here_o you_o see_v the_o first_o file_n v._o have_v give_v fire_n and_o be_v free_a of_o the_o body_n be_v march_v up_o the_o division_n q._n s._n to_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n on_o the_o left_a side_n between_o the_o pick_v and_o the_o musquetier_n the_o second_o file_n do_v the_o like_a and_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o another_o but_o in_o this_o the_o whole_a wing_n in_o march_v be_v to_o edge_n a_o little_a to_o the_o right_n that_o it_o may_v keep_v the_o division_n clear_a and_o free_a to_o receive_v the_o file_n as_o they_o give_v fire_n this_o they_o think_v do_v not_o so_o much_o dismember_v the_o body_n as_o the_o other_o nor_o yet_o oppose_v the_o file_n so_o much_o to_o the_o enemy_n shoot_v for_o when_o three_o file_n stand_v one_o before_o another_o they_o make_v a_o great_a prop_n to_o the_o enemy_n but_o i_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o their_o own_o opinion_n for_o martial_a commander_n differ_v among_o themselves_o in_o point_n of_o exercise_n every_o one_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o his_o own_o country_n if_o you_o will_v give_v more_o fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n you_o may_v make_v the_o second_o file_n to_o double_v the_o first_o and_o both_o to_o give_v fire_n together_o and_o so_o through_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n as_o i_o show_v before_o in_o give_v fire_n by_o double_v of_o rank_n in_o the_o front_n or_o the_o rear_n the_o use_n of_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o flank_n be_v when_o the_o enemy_n appear_v on_o either_o of_o your_o flank_n to_o charge_v you_o and_o you_o not_o able_a to_o sustain_v his_o charge_n you_o march_v away_o by_o he_o in_o good_a order_n and_o give_v fire_n upon_o he_o and_o if_o he_o will_v continue_v his_o march_n with_o you_o think_v to_o hasten_v and_o cut_v off_o your_o passage_n or_o come_v betwixt_o you_o and_o your_o retreete_n you_o may_v make_v as_o much_o haste_n as_o he_o and_o yet_o sustain_v skirmish_n with_o he_o a_o collection_n of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n which_o be_v most_o necessare_fw-la in_o exercise_n and_o service_n tit._n 12._o in_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v set_v down_o sundry_a motion_n with_o their_o word_n of_o command_n more_o to_o show_v the_o variety_n of_o exercise_n than_o to_o approve_v they_o as_o steadable_a in_o service_n therefore_o i_o have_v make_v here_o a_o collection_n of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n which_o be_v most_o necessary_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o motiones_fw-la and_o useful_a in_o service_n our_o scott_n word_n i_o have_v set_v down_o in_o the_o right_a hand_n column_n the_o english_a in_o the_o left_a but_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o pick_n and_o the_o musket_n i_o show_v you_o 5._o you_o supra_fw-la tit._n 5._o before_o your_o company_n then_o be_v orderly_o draw_v up_o and_o stand_v at_o a_o due_a distance_n both_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n which_o be_v open_a order_n the_o captain_n or_o other_o officer_n after_o he_o have_v command_v silence_n he_o begin_v stand_v right_a in_o your_o rank_n and_o your_o file_n as_o you_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n by_o division_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o half_n file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n about_o rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a bringer_n up_o as_o you_o be_v bringer_n up_o double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n bringer_n up_o double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n half_n file_n as_o you_o be_v middleman_n or_o half_a file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a your_o front_n middleman_n or_o half_a file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a your_o front_n half_n file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a your_o front_n enteare_v half_n file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a your_o front_n enteare_v half_a file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n file_n as_o you_o be_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a file_v rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n rank_n file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n file_n countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n countermarch_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n rank_n countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a flank_n rank_n countermarch_v to_o the_o left_a flank_n to_o your_o order_n or_o close_a order_n file_n close_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n close_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n close_o close_o your_o rank_n to_o your_o order_n or_o close_a order_n to_o your_o open_a order_n or_o any_o order_n else_o file_n open_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n open_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n open_v rank_n open_v to_o your_o open_a order_n or_o any_o order_n else_o wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o stand_v right_a in_o your_o rank_n and_o your_o string_n to_o your_o first_o order_n right_o about_o leave_v about_o right_o and_o leave_v about_o right_o round_o about_o leave_v round_o about_o sixth_o ranke_n right_o or_o leave_v round_o about_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n double_o your_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_o your_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n ten_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n ten_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n ten_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n sixth_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n sixth_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n sixth_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n string_n to_o your_o first_o order_n double_o your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_o your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarh_n string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarch_v rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v to_o your_o second_o or_o three_o distance_n close_o your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n close_o your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n close_o your_o string_n rank_n close_o to_o your_o second_o or_o three_o distance_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n open_v your_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o right_n about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o leave_v about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o right_a round_o about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o leave_v round_o about_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o exercise_n of_o musquetier_n the_o word_n for_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n first_o ranke_n make_v ready_a advance_v before_o the_o front_n six_o pace_n present_a and_o give_v fire_n fall_v away_o orderly_o to_o the_o right_n or_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o to_o both_o by_o division_n next_o ranke_n do_v the_o like_a all_o the_o rest_n follow_v for_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o rear_n last_o ranke_n make_v ready_a to_o the_o right_n about_o present_a and_o give_v fire_n fall_v off_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n or_o to_o both_o by_o division_n march_v up_o to_o the_o front_n next_o last_v ranke_n do_v the_o like_a at_o the_o rest_n follow_v for_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o flank_n right_o or_o left_a hand_n file_n make_v ready_a to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n present_a &_o give_v fire_n keep_v your_o ground_n and_o charge_v your_o musket_n again_o next_o file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n present_a and_o give_v fire_n keep_v your_o ground_n and_o charge_v your_o musket_n again_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n do_v the_o like_a first_o file_n march_v up_o and_o join_v with_o the_o second_o march_n up_o both_o and_o join_v with_o the_o three_o and_o so_o forth_o and_o this_o much_o for_o exercise_v of_o foot_n company_n in_o their_o posture_n and_o motion_n i_o intend_v to_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o duty_n and_o charge_n of_o every_o officer_n of_o foot_n and_o of_o the_o embattel_v and_o encamp_v of_o footman_n if_o i_o have_v not_o be_v press_v with_o shortness_n of_o time_n and_o divert_v by_o sundry_a distractiones_fw-la beside_o the_o leevy_n of_o my_o company_n and_o chief_o by_o a_o little_a praeparation_n which_o i_o have_v make_v for_o the_o plantation_n of_o new_a scotland_n in_o america_n a_o work_n so_o noble_a so_o glorious_a so_o conducible_a to_o the_o honour_n and_o commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o the_o like_a hitherto_o be_v never_o intend_v the_o author_n whereof_o although_o his_o rare_a virtue_n be_v not_o now_o according_a to_o their_o height_n acknowledge_v by_o we_o yet_o ensue_v time_n will_v approve_v they_o and_o prove_v he_o to_o have_v be_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o age._n if_o in_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v commit_v any_o error_n i_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o judement_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o experiment_a soldier_n who_o amendation_n i_o crave_v as_o for_o the_o envious_a thrasonical_a critic_n who_o will_v still_o be_v carp_a that_n which_o he_o understand_v not_o i_o disdain_v he_o i_o defy_v he_o if_o in_o this_o i_o bring_v any_o profit_n to_o my_o country_n man_n it_o shall_v encourage_v i_o with_o the_o first_o opportunity_n god_n willing_a to_o proceed_v and_o set_v forth_o somewhat_o of_o the_o exercise_n of_o cavalerie_n and_o also_o of_o the_o form_n of_o erect_v any_o regular_a or_o irregular_a figure_n of_o fortification_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o assail_a and_o defend_v a_o fort_n and_o that_o more_o to_o allure_v other_o of_o better_a understanding_n to_o employ_v their_o pen_n and_o publish_v more_o perfect_o in_o this_o subject_n then_o that_o i_o esteem_v any_o thing_n of_o my_o worthy_a of_o light_n avouch_v only_o this_o that_o in_o a_o true_a affection_n to_o my_o king_n and_o my_o country_n and_o in_o a_o firm_a resolution_n to_o spend_v the_o last_o drop_n of_o my_o blood_n in_o their_o service_n i_o shall_v be_v inferior_a to_o no_o man_n live_v finis_fw-la print_a at_o edinburgh_n by_o the_o heir_n of_o andro_n hart_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1627._o
they_o likewise_o get_v their_o distance_n command_v so_o that_o in_o this_o motion_n as_o in_o the_o other_o open_n the_o battle_n shall_v possess_v in_o length_n after_o it_o be_v full_o open_v the_o double_a of_o the_o ground_n it_o have_v before_o the_o open_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o these_o motion_n to_o your_o open_a other_o or_o any_o order_n else_o file_n open_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n open_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n open_a to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a or_o as_o some_o say_v open_a both_o way_n and_o some_o only_o file_n open_a for_o when_o there_o be_v no_o nomination_n of_o any_o hand_n it_o be_v understand_v as_o before_o in_o close_v a_o open_n from_o the_o middle_n to_o both_o hand_n our_o word_n of_o command_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n open_v of_o rank_n be_v a_o extension_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o place_n and_o be_v perform_v but_o one_o way_n to_o wit_n towards_o the_o rear_n which_o be_v thus_o do_v the_o file-leader_n or_o the_o first_o rank_n stand_v still_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n fall_v backward_o towards_o the_o rear_n until_o the_o second_o rank_n have_v get_v its_o distance_n which_o then_o stand_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n move_v still_o backward_o until_o they_o all_o have_v get_v their_o distance_n command_v iklm_a iklm_n be_v a_o open_v of_o rank_n where_o you_o see_v the_o 2_o and_o 3._o rank_n have_v move_v backward_o and_o have_v already_o take_v their_o distance_n and_o you_o must_v conceive_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n to_o be_v move_v from_o the_o front_n ik_fw-mi backward_o to_o the_o rear_n lm_o until_o they_o all_o get_v their_o distance_n require_v the_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n open_a to_o your_o open_a order_n or_o any_o order_n else_o our_o word_n of_o command_n open_v your_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o some_o use_n a_o open_n of_o rank_n also_o forward_o from_o the_o rear_n to_o the_o front_n if_o the_o ground_n permit_v the_o action_n of_o these_o motion_n of_o open_v which_o i_o have_v now_o show_v both_o of_o file_n and_o rank_n by_o make_v the_o file_n press_v upon_o their_o sydman_n and_o the_o rank_n upon_o their_o follower_n be_v according_a to_o our_o common_a modern_a exercise_n which_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o ancient_a 32._o ancient_a aelian_a tact._n c._n 32._o greek_n for_o they_o in_o open_v file_n and_o rank_n do_v perform_v the_o motion_n by_o facing_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n our_o common_a form_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v follow_v for_o although_o it_o want_v not_o its_o own_o inconvenient_n be_v subject_n to_o stumble_v on_o stobb_n stone_n or_o hole_n in_o the_o way_n yet_o in_o respect_n the_o terminus_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la be_v not_o certain_a nor_o see_v as_o it_o be_v in_o close_v of_o file_n and_o rank_n the_o last_o rank_n or_o the_o uttermost_a file_n which_o begin_v the_o motion_n of_o open_v shall_v never_o be_v assure_v where_o to_o stand_v or_o in_o what_o part_n to_o set_v themselves_o to_o give_v a_o due_a competent_a ground_n to_o all_o the_o rank_n or_o file_n to_o take_v their_o distance_n command_v neither_o can_v the_o examine_v be_v discern_v be_v the_o i_fw-mi of_o the_o commander_n and_o therefore_o the_o motion_n must_v be_v begin_v and_o the_o distance_n must_v first_o be_v takin_n from_o the_o terminus_fw-la à _fw-la quo_fw-la which_o be_v see_v and_o certain_a to_o wit_n the_o rank_n or_o file_n that_o stand_v and_o so_o every_o one_o after_o other_o shall_v assure_o get_v their_o distance_n command_v which_o they_o can_v not_o do_v behind_o their_o back_n if_o they_o use_v a_o face_n but_o in_o this_o i_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o more_o learned_a for_o i_o think_v also_o that_o soldier_n may_v be_v teach_v to_o take_v their_o distance_n by_o pace_v observe_v that_o close_n and_o open_v both_o of_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v one_o another_o reducement_n as_o if_o you_o close_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o will_v reduce_v they_o to_o their_o first_o station_n command_v they_o to_o open_a to_o the_o left_a if_o you_o open_v file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o bring_v they_o as_o they_o be_v you_o must_v close_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n if_o you_o close_v to_o the_o middle_n open_a to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n and_o so_o they_o be_v reduce_v &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la again_o if_o you_o close_a rank_n forward_o open_v they_o backward_o and_o so_o you_o bring_v they_o as_o they_o be_v &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la 28._o contra_fw-la aelian_a tact._n e._n 28._o aelian_a call_v a_o open_n of_o file_n or_o rank_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o double_n of_o the_o length_n or_o depth_n in_o place_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v not_o fit_o spokin_n for_o although_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v open_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n yet_o the_o battle_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v double_v the_o use_n of_o open_v and_o close_v the_o battle_n in_o length_n and_o depth_n you_o may_v find_v 3._o find_v supra_fw-la tit._n 3._o before_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o distance_n to_o the_o which_o i_o remit_v you_o for_o i_o will_v repeat_v nothing_o only_o this_o i_o add_v that_o battle_n be_v open_v and_o close_v when_o a_o general_n will_v make_v his_o army_n appear_v strong_a or_o weak_a according_a as_o he_o mind_v to_o terrify_v or_o allure_v the_o enemy_n file_n be_v close_v to_o the_o right_n or_o last_o hand_n when_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n or_o foot_n or_o waggones_n with_o baggage_n be_v to_o pass_v betwixt_o either_o of_o your_o flank_n and_o some_o strait_n file_n be_v close_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n when_o you_o will_v make_v a_o street_n through_o your_o battle_n for_o a_o general_n or_o some_o great_a commander_n to_o pass_v of_o conversion_n or_o wheel_a tit_n 10._o conversion_n or_o wheeling_n be_v a_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a battle_n towards_o the_o flank_n or_o rear_n change_v the_o ground_n and_o therefore_o wheeling_n be_v two_o fold_n the_o one_o when_o the_o battle_n make_v a_o quarter_n turn_v to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o conversion_n the_o other_o when_o it_o make_v a_o half_a turn_n to_o the_o rear_n be_v the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o this_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o inflexion_n no_o other_o languadge_a except_o the_o greek_a do_v express_v this_o motion_n in_o two_o several_a word_n epistrophe_n be_v describe_v clear_o by_o 24._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &c_n &c_n when_o close_v the_o battle_n be_v the_o sideman_n and_o the_o follower_n we_o turn_v it_o whole_o as_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n either_o to_o the_o pick_n or_o the_o target_n it_o be_v carry_v about_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n as_o about_o a_o centre_n and_o change_v the_o place_n of_o the_o front_n transfer_v the_o countenance_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n 31._o flank_n aelian_a tact._n c._n 31._o aelian_a in_o a_o other_o place_n set_v it_o down_o more_o ample_o &_o it_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v perform_v you_o must_v command_v the_o file_n to_o close_a to_o the_o hand_n to_o which_o you_o mean_v to_o wheel_n &_o the_o rank_n to_o close_v also_o forwards_o then_o you_o cause_v the_o corner_n file-leader_n on_o the_o examine_v hand_n to_o stand_v still_o as_o the_o fix_a foot_n of_o a_o compass_n but_o move_v in_o his_o own_o place_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n keep_v their_o file_n and_o rank_n close_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o examine_v hand_n joint_o about_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n until_o the_o front_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v towards_o the_o flank_n to_o which_o you_o wheel_v so_o that_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v wheel_v fall_v like_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n upon_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n before_o it_o wheel_v make_v a_o right_a angle_n of_o 90_o degree_n at_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n about_o who_o they_o wheel_v and_o the_o flank_n fall_v upon_o the_o front_n as_o a_o parallel_n which_o the_o figure_n follow_v show_v abcdef_n ghiklm_a the_o figure_n abcdef_n be_v a_o epistrophe_n or_o whee_fw-mi ling_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n cdef_n be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o wheeling_n whereof_o cd_o be_v the_o front_n df_n the_o right_a hand_n file_n the_o command_n be_v give_v the_o right_a hand_n file-leader_n d_o who_o be_v thus_o mark_a *_o stand_v in_o his_o place_n