Selected quad for the lemma: order_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
order_n	distance_n	foot_n	rank_n	8,037	5	11.9661	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06968	The second part of the soldiers grammar: or a schoole for young soldiers Especially for all such as are called to any place, or office, (how high or low soeuer) either in the citie, or countrey, for the training, and exercising of the trayned band, whether they be foote or horse. Together vvith perfect figures and demonstrations for attaining the knowledge of all manner of imbattailings, and other exercises. By G.M.; Souldiers grammar. Part 2	Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.	1627 (1627)	STC 17392; ESTC S102645	21,943	51

Iudge-Marshall or Comissarie generall who ought to be a learned Gentleman and skillfull in the ciuill and Marshall Lawes For he expoundeth them to the Souldier and giueeth sentence vpon all Offenders and Offences as they are decreed by a Marshall Court Next this Officer is Randged the Scout-Master Generall who amongst the Romans was an Officer vnknowne because they neuer lodged their Horse without the verge of the Campe or the walls of the Towne as in our moderne warres now we doe yet had the Romans their discouerers which they called Scultators or Speculators or indeed Campiductores who differed little or nothing in their charge and Office from these which we call Scoutes or Scoute-Master this Officer hath command ouer all Scouts maketh ellection of places of danger where to place them and giueth them all directions which they are to obserue his dependance is vpon the Lord Marshall and he is a principall Councellor in disposing of the Campe and informeth the manner of the Horse Parado when the watch is to be set Next this officer is Ranged the Liuetenant of the Ordnance who hath his generall dependance on the Master of the Ordnance hauing vnder his charge the command of all the small Ordnance and Munition and in the absence of the Master commandeth as the Master both ouer the great and lesser Artillery and ouer all sorts of Officers depending vpon the Masters commandment The last and greatest of this second range is the Muster master Generall or Controuler of the Musters being an high and most necessary Officer in all royall Armies his Office extendeth to the numbring of men to the well Arming ordering and disposing of bodies to the preuenting of all manner of frauds and deceits in the Captains and their inferiour Officers he hath the list of euery mans band preuents alterations hath the Controle of all inferiour Comisaries vnder him he appeaseth differences betwene Captaines and his Ministers giueth out all the warrants for full pay Checketh all grosse defaults and is euermore one of the Counsell of warre Thus I haue shewed you a true range of all Officers in the warres from the lowest to the highest as also those which haue a Colatterall dependance by which it is easily for any man to vnderstand how they be ioyned and linckt together I will now descend to matters of other Importance CHAP. II. Of the seuerall Imbattalings of a priuate Company of 200. or otherwise THere hath bene and is at this day much disputation and Arguments amongst old and new Soldiers touching the composition or Number of a priuate Captains company some allowing more as 200 or 250 300 nay at this day 500 in a priuate Captaines Command others allow lesse as but 50. or 100 or 150 at the most But in both these there are extreamities as 250 300 and 500 are more then any priuate man can well gouerne for neither can his eye or voice extend either to instruction or correction the front will be so dilated and spread for 500 men must euer carry 50 in brest so likewise the number of 50 in the whole body is too few and neither sorteth with dicipline nor is an equall aduancment for a well deseruing Captain for if the Captaine of 100 men haue but 4s per diem entertinement then the Ceptaine of 50 can expect but 2s per diem which is to little eyther to support his place or maintaine the Ranke where vnto he is called It is true that the ancient Romans allowed their Captaines but 100 and ther vpon called them Centurions and it is true also that this is an wholsome preportion both in respect of the entertainement and easinesse of gouernement and the forme of the Body which being a true square they are euer most ready and proper for the forming and fashioning of any grosse body or Battell what soeuer but notwithstanding the aptnesse and readinesse of this body yet the necessity of affaires the diligence and desert of well deseruing Spirits compells our Generalls to allow other numbers and as 100 men is thought sufficient for a Captaine at his first begining so an 150 or 200 men to him that hath excellently deserued is but a competent aduancement and by the ayd of sufficient Officers may be gouerned and instructed in all perfecton but to exceede this number of 200 there will be euer errour found and aduancement will proue an hurt and Burthen Sure then it must fall out in the Conclusion that 200 men is the only perfect number whereon to compound a priuate company I will therefore take that number in hand and shew you the seuerall Imbattalings or formes of Battaile wherevnto they can be reducted wherein you are first to conceiue that according to our present discipline this number of 200 men is deuided into two bodies equall or two distinct and seuerall weapons that is to say 100 Pyks and 100 Shott or Muskets the Pyks I doe expresse vnder this carracter p and the Shott or Musquetts vnder this carracter s The First imbattalling then of a Company of 200 men is to draw them into a forme or kind of Square Body according to the forme of this figure following The First Forme of Imbattalling of two hundred men This Battayll you see allmost drawne to a Square by reason of the distance for it is to be supposed that now this body standeth at order in Files which is three foote and at open order in Rankes which is Sixe foote and so by extending the length the file is made as large as the front and of all Battailes this is the strongest and the best being ablest to bring most hands to fight without disorder and the soonest repaired and amended whensoeuer it shall come to any ruine for now it standeth ready for all motions what soeuer There is an other manner of Imbattailing of this number when they shall encounter with a Troope of Horse the order and proportion whereof is Contained in this figure following The second forme of Imbattailing being against Horse Here in this Bataile you see how the ranks of Shott are drawne within the Ranks of Pikes and so couered and safeguarded that the Horsemen cannot charge or breake vpon or through them but with most eminent and certaine danger for the vollyes lie rrady prepard and the Pykes stand so that they cannot be enforced to any rout or disorder And here you shall take a principall obseruation that if the horse which shall charge this Battell of foote be Gentlemen at Armes Armed Cap a pe from head to foote with strong Launces in their hands and Pistolls at the Saddle bow and the Horse Armed also both with defensiue offensiue Armor then shall all the Pikes charge at the right foote and draw their swords ouer arme euery man with his former foote linking in his leaders hinder foote But if the Horse be but Curashieirs Armed from the head to knee with long Pystols and vnarmed Horses

safety in dispight of the enemy The forme of this Battaile is expressed in the next figure following The Battaile to withstand the wedge of Horse Thus you see how this Bataile is interlined with the Shot guarded with the Pikes so that although there be a field of entrance yet it is a straight place of much danger and howsoeuer the enemy may come on bouldly yet he cannot but returne heauily Many other sorts of imbatialing there are though none more necessary as the battaile called Diamond the Battaile Triangular and such like which Noueltie I know is desirous to search into and the proportions I know at the first carry a greate shew of much skill and counning especially to the ignorant but being once waded into with Iudgement there is nothing more facile or easie therefore to draw a Diamond Battaile first drawe your battaile into a square according to the first figure in this booke or for your better remembrance according to this figure following which being but compounded of 144 men may serue to expresse the manner and fashioning of 4000. The Square Battaile whereof to frame a Diamond Heere you behould the square or forme of a Battalia now to reduce this to a Diamond or imperfect square the Captaine shall come to the leader of the right hand file which is the first and principall man of the company and aduancing before him shall wheele the whole company into a direct line with the right point foreward and the left point descending as in this figure following The Diamond Battaile Heere you see that by drawing foorth of the Battaile howsoeuer square at the first yet by alteration of distance it is brought into a perfect Diamond forme and although the Pikes and Shotte keepe their places as in the square yet at your pleasure you may change them and draw the weapons to what part of the Battaile and into what files your selfe pleaseth Now to bring this Diamond or any other Diamond into a perfect Triangular you shall cut off the Diamond Battaile in the Middest through the two midle extreame parts and then will remaine vnto you two Triangulars a greater and a lesse which you may double or encrease as you shall finde occasion so that albeit by this diuision you find how to make this proportion yet perceiueing how you may double and encrease both the files and rankes whose number is euer constant and certaine according to the proportion of the Triangle you may at pleasure without any diuision or seperation of body forme this Triangle out of the files and rankes onely But because you shall not stand amazed at this businesse I will in a few Charracters containe but a fewe men which is the easiest for capasity shew you how to bring a Diamond to a Triangle as in this figure following appeareth A Diamond Battaile brought into a Triangle Thus you see the Diamond is cut into two Triangles which being ledde seuerall wayes may serue as two Bodies and that to exceeding good and honorable purpose for this Diamond or sharpe piercing body is of great force to enter and breake any square body and being but entered in with the point the rest of the body followeth with such order and strength and so encreaseth and maketh the Breach greater and greater that the square body can hardly ioyne together againe but falleth into rout or into a retrait that is full as dishonorable and to this purpose was this Diamond foote battaile first of all inuented There is againe another manner of imbattailing this priuate company of 200 which howsoeuer it be seldome or neuer vsed in fight yet it is of excellent vse in the field both before the framing of the battaile after the battell is framed this manner of imbatailing is when either any of the Captaines officers would deliuer a priuate message to the company which none but themselues should heare or when the Captaine himselfe would either giue secret directions or imparte matter of instruction or matter of reprehension or when any other supreame officer of the field would deliuer to the company either encouragement or caution The manner of this imbattailing is in this wise the Captaine shall first cause both the wings of Shot to stand still hauing drawne them vp into their close order then he shall aduance the first diuision of Pikes vpward till the midle men of the Pikes to the reare be equall with the two first ranks of Shotte and euery man in his close order then shall the Subdiuision turne their faces about and descend downeward till the middle men of the front be equall with the two last rankes of Shot then hauing closed all strongly together and turned euery face vpon the Center The Captaine Lieutenant Ensigne and such other Officers as he will haue partakers of his speech shall come into the square void place of the Battaile and there deliuer what seemeth good to himselfe which finished he shall reduce his Battaile backe into its first forme as for the shape of Imbattelling for Parley it will carry the proportion of this Figure following The forme of Imbattailing for Speech or Parley There be others which Imbattaile for speech or Parly much after this manner aforesaid onely they straighten or make lesse the empty or void place in the midst by making the Shotte first to double their ranks then the first diuision of Pikes to aduance vpward and the subdiuision of Pikes to desscend downeward and afterward to doe in all things as before and then the forme of battaile will bee like this figure following Another forme of Imbattailing for Speech or Parley In this forme of imbattailing though the center be straightned yet the outward verge of the battaile is enlarged so that though som doe heare and vnderstand better yet many shall not heare nor vnderstand at all but must receiue the speech by relation so that I conclude the first forme of Imbattailing for speech or parly is the best easiest and safest yet I stand not vpon mine owne iudgement but submit to the censure of the old and experienced Soldiers Diuers other formes of imbattailing there be for a priuate company of 200 men as the Ring the Halfe-moone the Spurre and the like but because I haue heard them mightelie condemned by the noblest Souldiers of our age and men of high respect and reuerence affirming them rather to leade into rout and disorder then any way to strentghen and better the Battalia therefore I dare not giue rules or prescriptions for them but referre such as are desirous to learne and behold them to any Ignorant and vnskillfull teacher and he shall spend howres and daies onely in these Motions not knowing otherwise how to wast time or make the vulgar people to wonder And thus much touching the imbattailings of a priuate company of 200 men or any other inferior number Chap. 3. The seuerall Imbattailings of a Regiment of one thousand men or more TOuching the imbattailing of a Regiment of

the best and safest way yet then they are apt to be thronged vp together by the Pikes and the distance of place being taken from them the vse of their Weapons must fall and so consequently all things fall to ruine But suppose order be kept and these defects not found in the Battaile yet say the olde Souldiers that there is great impediment in this kinde of Imbattelling for in what manner soeuer the Short serue yet they will euer leaue a weakenesse in the and such open gaps and streets that the Horse may breake in at pleasure or any other new foote diuision may sally foorth and ouer throw the whole regiment as by the example of the figure following may easily be perceiued in a few companies as in this ensuing figure more plainely is showne The danger of this forme of Imbatelling Thus you see if the Battaile of Pikes stand and the Shot giue Fire into what damage they bring the whole Regiment whether they serue in countermarch or otherwise leauing so many open enterances that if one yet all can hardly be preuented Thus I haue shewed you the seuerall wayes of Imbattailing of a Regiment with the different opinions of Souldiers together with their arguments and strength of reason thereupon It resteth now that I deliuer my particular opinion touching the best election wherein although I know many oposites will rise vp against me yet freely and ingeniously thus I am perswaded That the first manner of Imbattelling by seuerall Companies and euery Captaine leading of his own men is excellent for shew at generall Musters or at any peaceful Triumph where the exercise of Armes is required because it is comly and beautifull to behold giueth great contentment to the spectators and continueth the Volley long though not in the best order But if it be to expresse true Marshall Discipline to bring hands to fight in good sadnes or to giue affright to a certaine enemy at all times both in strength and weaknesse then with out all doubt the latter forme of imbattailing where the Pikes are drawne into one body and winged on each hand with the Shotte is without all contradiction the onely best way for the Imbattailing of a regiment of one thousand men or more And thus much for the argument of Imbattailing a regiment wherein if any man rest vnsatisfied let him repaire to other Authors which are allowed for authority and comparing their Reasons together no doubt but he shall soone finde satisfaction Chap. 4 Of the Ioining of sundry Regiments together OF rankes and files are compounded small Squadrons of small Squadrons are compounded priuate Companies of priuate Companies are compounded Regiments and of Regiments are compounded maine Battailes of any extent whatsoeuer Now for the composition of a regiment together with the defects and perfections of the same I haue shewed sufficiently in the last Chapter It now therefore resteth that I speake some thing of the ioining or knitting togeather of many and sundry Regiments in one grosse body which is the greate substance of the Arte-Military for of these greate bodies doe Armies consist and according to the forme and proportion thereof being agreable with the ground and strength of Scituation whereon it is placed is the Army made euer stronger or weaker Now Armies doe neuer consist of one onely entire and maine body alone without seperation or distinction but of diuers great bodies as of Forlornes Vantguard Battaile and Reare of diuers greate bodies of Horse as of Gentlemen at Armes Curashiers Dragoones or else Carbines and euery one of these great bodies are compounded of sundry Regiments in the drawing of which togeather is principally to be regarded the dignity and preheminence of the place according to the vallue of the commanders or the lot when it is either cast or appointed wherein the principall obseruation is the hand so that whensoeuer Regiments are to be ioined togeather whether it be by the Lord Marshall or the Seriant-Maior of the fielde yet they must not neglect to giue to the best man the best place by drawing vp his Regiment first and placing it in the principall place and then the rest successiuely one after another bringing them vp on the left hand and not on the right till the body be formed according to commandment and answerable to this figure following Regiments Ioyned together in plaine Battaile Heere you see 5000 men diuided into fiue regiments how they are drawne vp into one body and may make either Vantguard Battaile or Reare as it shall please the supreame Officer to dispose of them And as thus they are drawne into plaine Battaile so may they also be drawne into any other forme of battaile which the Lord Marshall or Sergeant-Maior shall deuise for their wisdomes and Iudgements which they euer accomodate to the aduantage of the ground to the preuenting of the enemies designes is euer referred the forme and shape of all forts of battailes whence it comes that a man shall hardly in an age see two Battailes in two seuerall places of one and the selfe same forme and fashion because as grounds vary in their Situations so proportions change in their composures and that battaile which is strong and comely for the Plaine will proue but weake and illfauored for the Hill and that which is guarded with water will not agree with the guard of wood nor that which is fenced with a stone wall suite with the fence of a dry ditch for euery thing must be accomodated to the property of its owne proper Nature and therefore I will shewe you another forme of Imbattailing or ioining of Regiments together wherein although some Regiments are broken and diuided into parts yet they agree in one vniformity of body and may be reduced to their first naturall proportion at pleasure as by this figure following you may easily perceiue Regiments diuided yet brought vnto Vniforme Here you may behold two Regiments diuided into sixe triangles the Pikes in the midst and the Shotte on eache flanke but being drawne vp together in one body then the Pikes of themseues make a perfect Diamond and the foure Triangles of Shotte guarding euery corner Front Wing and Reare bring the whole mixt body into a quadrangle or perfeit square this is a stronge manner of imbattailing and hardly to be broke or entered and whosoeuer is ready in drawing vp and ioining of these bodies togeather in such forme as hath beene already specified may without dificulty or staggering draw vp any other body of what shape or forme soeuer it shall be commanded And thus much for the ioining of sundry Regiments together into one body Chap 5. The forming of maine Battailes of any extent or Number how great soeuer AFter the ioining of Regiments togeather must necessarily follow the composition of maine Battailes beyond which Spheare Souldiers doe neuer looke because it is the end and determination of warre These battailes as I haue formerly shewed are