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the_o professor_n of_o rhetoric_n have_v write_v on_o that_o subject_a and_o which_o we_o shall_v not_o here_o repeat_v yet_o let_v he_o remember_v that_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o read_v and_o know_v their_o name_n and_o distinction_n but_o let_v he_o diligent_o examine_v their_o energy_n and_o what_o effect_v they_o be_v like_a to_o produce_v upon_o the_o stage_n neither_o aught_o that_o to_o suffice_v without_o know_v and_o that_o particular_o how_o to_o apply_v they_o and_o vary_v they_o to_o produce_v the_o effect_n we_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n he_o must_v know_v when_o to_o use_v the_o impetuous_a one_o and_o when_o to_o employ_v the_o mild_a such_o as_o ironies_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o the_o effect_v he_o desire_v they_o shall_v produce_v for_o example_n if_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o actor_n shall_v leave_v the_o stage_n in_o a_o great_a rage_n than_o he_o must_v be_v move_v by_o degree_n begin_v by_o 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have_v do_v in_o some_o of_o his_o play_n with_o success_n beside_o among_o those_o figure_n which_o be_v great_a and_o serious_a the_o poet_n may_v observe_v some_o to_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o stage_n than_o other_o for_o example_n apostrophe_n which_o i_o have_v always_o observe_v to_o do_v very_o well_o for_o they_o suppose_v either_o a_o true_a person_n who_o be_v absent_a to_o be_v present_a or_o some_o feign_a person_n which_o be_v but_o in_o the_o idea_n of_o fiction_n such_o as_o virtue_n one_o country_n and_o thereupon_o the_o actor_n talk_v to_o they_o as_o present_v which_o be_v extreme_o theatral_n because_o it_o make_v two_o person_n where_o there_o be_v but_o one_o and_o though_o the_o deceit_n be_v visible_a enough_o yet_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o actor_n it_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o the_o imagination_n of_o the_o audience_n and_o that_o particular_o when_o he_o that_o speak_v be_v alone_a for_o then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o mistake_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o spectator_n for_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o actor_n speak_v be_v a_o fiction_n of_o his_o own_o brain_n his_o discourse_n not_o be_v applicable_a to_o any_o other_o mounseur_fw-fr corneille_n use_v this_o figure_n frequent_o and_o stiblinus_n esteem_v extreme_o the_o complaint_n of_o hecuba_n in_o the_o troade_n of_o euripides_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o figure_n which_o be_v there_o frequent_o and_o beautiful_o make_v use_n of_o but_o in_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o there_o be_v two_o fault_n to_o be_v avoid_v the_o first_o be_v not_o to_o have_v it_o too_o often_o for_o then_o beside_o the_o want_n of_o variety_n which_o argue_v want_n of_o invention_n to_o please_v it_o grow_v likewise_o troublesome_a by_o make_v too_o many_o imaginary_a person_n and_o in_o this_o kind_a one_o of_o our_o author_n be_v faulty_a who_o in_o the_o same_o play_n and_o that_o a_o piece_n of_o no_o great_a length_n make_v a_o actor_n speak_v at_o 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it_o be_v enough_o to_o have_v a_o vein_n for_o poetry_n he_o must_v begin_v with_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o read_n of_o aristotle_n poetick_n and_o those_o of_o horace_n and_o he_o must_v read_v they_o attentive_o and_o meditate_v upon_o they_o then_o he_o must_v turn_v over_o those_o that_o have_v make_v commentary_n upon_o they_o as_o castelvetro_n in_o italian_a who_o in_o his_o jargon_n say_v very_o fine_a thing_n hieronymus_n vida_n heinsius_n vossius_fw-la la_fw-fr menardiere_n and_o a_o great_a many_o more_o and_o let_v he_o remember_v that_o scaliger_n alone_o say_v more_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n but_o he_o must_v not_o lose_v a_o word_n in_o he_o for_o all_o his_o word_n be_v of_o weight_n and_o importance_n as_o for_o the_o book_n of_o boulenger_n he_o must_v value_v he_o only_o for_o his_o collection_n of_o passage_n out_o of_o other_o author_n and_o not_o mind_v the_o consequence_n he_o draw_v from_o they_o for_o i_o believe_v for_o my_o part_n that_o the_o thing_n 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they_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o great_a many_o error_n and_o delight_n in_o false_a and_o vain_a subtlety_n of_o no_o use_n at_o all_o and_o all_o along_o one_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o make_v constant_a reflection_n and_o examine_v why_o a_o poet_n have_v rather_o do_v one_o thing_n than_o another_o and_o he_o may_v observe_v that_o often_o a_o word_n ingenious_o cast_v out_o by_o a_o actor_n to_o prepare_v some_o incident_a or_o to_o explain_v the_o circumstance_n of_o place_n or_o time_n be_v not_o a_o thing_n slight_o to_o be_v pass_v over_o and_o if_o after_o all_o i_o dare_v be_v so_o vain_a as_o to_o make_v one_o among_o his_o master_n i_o can_v wish_v he_o will_v join_v the_o precept_n of_o this_o practical_a part_n of_o the_o art_n to_o what_o he_o may_v discover_v in_o the_o ancient_n or_o modern_a poet_n for_o though_o i_o can_v brag_v of_o give_v he_o considerable_a and_o important_a succour_n in_o his_o design_n yet_o i_o be_o sure_a i_o shall_v not_o be_v useless_a or_o 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deceive_v shortning_n and_o in_o a_o word_n appearance_n of_o thing_n that_o real_o be_v not_o in_o the_o picture_n second_o it_o may_v be_v consider_v as_o contain_v a_o story_n paint_v whether_o a_o true_a one_o or_o suppose_v to_o be_v so_o whereof_o the_o place_n be_v certain_a the_o quality_n natural_a the_o action_n undoubted_o true_a and_o all_o the_o circumstance_n of_o they_o observe_v according_a to_o order_n and_o reason_n this_o may_v be_v all_o apply_v to_o drammatic_a poem_n one_o may_v at_o first_o consider_v the_o show_n and_o representation_n of_o thing_n where_o art_n give_v you_o image_n of_o they_o which_o real_o be_v not_o there_o be_v prince_n in_o appearance_n palace_n upon_o paint_a cloth_n dead_a man_n in_o show_n and_o it_o be_v for_o this_o that_o the_o actor_n carry_v all_o the_o mark_n of_o those_o who_o they_o represent_v the_o decoration_n of_o the_o stage_n be_v the_o image_n of_o those_o place_n where_o the_o thing_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v transact_v 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reader_n many_o of_o our_o poet_n have_v make_v marginal_a note_n in_o their_o print_a work_n which_o express_v that_o which_o be_v not_o say_v in_o the_o play_n as_o here_o appear_v a_o temple_n open_a here_o a_o palace_n adorn_v with_o divers_a column_n of_o noble_a architecture_n here_o the_o king_n whisper_v his_o favourite_n and_o the_o like_a but_o in_o all_o these_o note_n it_o be_v the_o poet_n that_o speak_v which_o he_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o do_v in_o this_o sort_n of_o poem_n and_o it_o can_v be_v do_v without_o interrupt_v the_o reader_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o passion_n and_o divide_v his_o application_n and_o so_o dissipate_v some_o of_o those_o idea_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v already_o for_o the_o understanding_n and_o relish_v the_o play_n but_o i_o say_v more_o than_o all_o this_o a_o play_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v with_o so_o much_o art_n and_o the_o actor_n be_v to_o speak_v so_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v necessary_a to_o mark_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o act_n nor_o scene_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o to_o put_v the_o name_n of_o those_o that_o speak_v and_o to_o prove_v what_o i_o say_v we_o need_v only_o to_o consider_v that_o when_o a_o actor_n come_v upon_o the_o stage_n the_o poet_n do_v not_o come_v to_o tell_v his_o name_n it_o must_v be_v know_v by_o himself_o or_o some_o other_o of_o the_o actor_n and_o the_o fail_n in_o this_o have_v make_v that_o in_o some_o play_n that_o i_o have_v see_v three_o act_n be_v over_o before_o the_o audience_n know_v the_o name_n of_o the_o chief_a actor_n and_o that_o without_o any_o apparent_a necessity_n of_o hide_v either_o that_o or_o his_o quality_n for_o sometime_o it_o be_v necessary_a he_o shall_v be_v incognito_o but_o then_o it_o be_v as_o necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v know_v he_o be_v so_o in_o this_o particular_a the_o ancient_n have_v be_v so_o accurate_a that_o i_o dare_v bold_o say_v that_o let_v one_o have_v a_o tragedy_n either_o of_o sophocles_n or_o euripides_n or_o a_o comedy_n of_o terence_n or_o plautus_n without_o title_n distinction_n name_n of_o the_o actor_n or_o any_o character_n particular_a to_o make_v either_o they_o or_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o act_n and_o scene_n know_v i_o will_v present_o discover_v both_o the_o name_n quality_n equipage_n clothes_n gesture_n and_o interest_n of_o all_o those_o who_o speak_v the_o place_n of_o the_o scene_n its_o decoration_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o that_o can_v make_v any_o part_n of_o the_o theatral_n action_n and_o all_o play_n which_o can_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n make_v all_o thing_n know_v to_o the_o reader_n be_v certain_o defective_a but_o to_o do_v this_o well_o there_o be_v many_o ingenious_a artifices_fw-la to_o put_v such_o word_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o actor_n as_o may_v be_v a_o reasonable_a pretext_n for_o he_o to_o explain_v what_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o these_o follow_a contrivance_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o example_n 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she_o with_o his_o hand_n to_o bring_v she_o into_o good_a humour_n again_o these_o may_v serve_v for_o example_n many_o such_o be_v obvious_a to_o a_o ingenious_a fancy_n not_o that_o a_o poet_n need_v be_v very_o particular_a neither_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o all_o the_o column_n portico_n or_o other_o ornament_n of_o architecture_n in_o a_o temple_n or_o palace_n it_o be_v enough_o that_o he_o mention_v in_o general_a term_n the_o decoration_n of_o his_o theatre_n and_o yet_o when_o any_o circumstance_n be_v to_o have_v a_o effect_v in_o the_o play_n than_o not_o only_o he_o may_v but_o he_o must_v stay_v upon_o it_o a_o little_a as_o in_o the_o io_n of_o euripides_n where_o it_o not_o be_v permit_v to_o the_o woman_n to_o go_v into_o the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n they_o stay_v without_o and_o talk_v of_o the_o paint_n which_o make_v the_o ornament_n of_o it_o on_o the_o outside_n and_o in_o the_o mostellaria_n of_o plautus_n where_o tranio_n 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frame_v upon_o any_o such_o ground_n only_o they_o owe_v their_o be_v to_o the_o many_o observation_n of_o the_o poet_n who_o have_v study_v to_o find_v out_o what_o will_v be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o their_o spectator_n first_o then_o have_v perceive_v that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o their_o spectator_n to_o have_v a_o continue_a attention_n to_o the_o recite_v of_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o hundred_o verse_n without_o interruption_n they_o use_v chorus_n who_o sing_v and_o dance_v ease_v the_o impatience_n of_o the_o spectator_n and_o put_v they_o in_o good_a humour_n to_o hear_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o drama_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o divide_v it_o into_o five_o part_n which_o happen_v so_o well_o that_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o that_o be_v a_o proportion_n that_o just_o hit_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o audience_n or_o that_o by_o custom_n we_o be_v make_v friend_n to_o it_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o we_o do_v not_o natural_o like_o a_o play_n that_o 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interrupt_v the_o sequel_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o horace_n who_o give_v it_o for_o a_o rule_n that_o the_o chorus_n shall_v sing_v nothing_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o act_n that_o be_v not_o proper_a to_o the_o subject_a but_o this_o regard_v a_o criticism_n not_o useful_a in_o our_o day_n by_o which_o perhaps_o we_o may_v doubt_v of_o the_o chorus_n sing_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o act_n for_o either_o the_o chorus_n do_v not_o sing_v or_o the_o verse_n be_v ill_o place_v in_o our_o impression_n as_o we_o can_v make_v appear_v by_o divers_a play_n of_o aristophanes_n and_o in_o the_o bacchant_n of_o euripides_n as_o for_o the_o latin_a tragedy_n which_o we_o have_v under_o the_o name_n of_o seneca_n i_o think_v our_o poet_n may_v forbear_v imitate_v they_o in_o the_o structure_n as_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n except_o in_o the_o refinedness_n of_o the_o thought_n for_o to_o i_o nothing_o seem_v so_o ridiculous_a and_o withal_o so_o tedious_a as_o to_o see_v one_o man_n alone_o make_v a_o act_n without_o any_o variety_n and_o that_o a_o ghost_n a_o god_n or_o some_o hero_n shall_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o prologue_n and_o according_a to_o euripides_n a_o act_n too_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o give_v advice_n about_o aristophanes_n comedy_n for_o they_o have_v all_o of_o they_o a_o prologue_n after_o the_o way_n of_o the_o greek_a tragedy_n but_o the_o play_n be_v not_o all_o alike_o some_o of_o they_o be_v very_o regular_a and_o other_o so_o full_a of_o confusion_n that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o name_v the_o act_n distinct_o as_o in_o that_o call_v the_o bird_n where_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o say_v which_o be_v the_o first_o sing_v of_o the_o chorus_n nor_o how_o many_o act_n there_o be_v nor_o where_o the_o second_o begin_v and_o we_o see_v that_o the_o interpreter_n have_v not_o mark_v the_o act_n in_o our_o impression_n find_v they_o too_o much_o out_o of_o order_n to_o be_v easy_o methodise_v though_o i_o think_v the_o 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this_o art_n it_o have_v be_v ask_v sometime_o when_o one_o may_v say_v proper_o that_o a_o act_n be_v finish_v and_o it_o have_v be_v answer_v by_o donatus_n etc._n that_o it_o be_v when_o the_o stage_n be_v empty_a and_o without_o any_o actor_n but_o if_o it_o be_v so_o we_o may_v object_v that_o it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o player_n to_o shorten_v or_o lengthen_v any_o act_n at_o their_o pleasure_n for_o if_o they_o do_v but_o take_v away_o the_o music_n they_o may_v appear_v one_o after_o another_o without_o ever_o leave_v the_o stage_n empty_a and_o beside_o when_o the_o scene_n be_v break_v as_o they_o be_v frequent_o enough_o in_o our_o play_n the_o music_n may_v play_v since_o the_o stage_n will_v be_v empty_a terent._n therefore_o i_o think_v that_o the_o act_n end_v not_o when_o the_o stage_n be_v without_o a_o actor_n but_o when_o it_o be_v without_o action_n and_o that_o which_o make_v i_o say_v so_o be_v that_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o among_o the_o 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of_o the_o decoration_n the_o player_n contribute_v nothing_o towards_o it_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v those_o ornament_n be_v not_o only_o magnificent_a but_o perfect_o answer_v the_o poet_n intention_n but_o now_o that_o our_o player_n though_o not_o very_o well_o in_o their_o affair_n nevertheless_o must_v undergo_v all_o the_o charge_n they_o can_v be_v blame_v if_o they_o endeavour_v to_o do_v it_o as_o cheap_a as_o may_v be_v but_o then_o the_o decoration_n must_v be_v imperfect_a and_o altogether_o below_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o poet_n invention_n as_o for_o the_o disorder_n of_o the_o spectator_n we_o may_v consider_v that_o nothing_o be_v more_o safe_a and_o quiet_a than_o the_o ancient_a theatre_n the_o magistrate_n be_v always_o present_a and_o every_o thing_n do_v by_o their_o order_n but_o among_o we_o there_o be_v no_o order_n at_o all_o but_o any_o sort_n of_o people_n wear_v sword_n in_o the_o pit_n and_o other_o place_n and_o therewith_o attack_v very_o often_o 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