to_o the_o young_a king_n palace_n to_o pay_v their_o homage_n to_o he_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v to_o the_o king_n at_o pe_n kim_v only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o they_o give_v the_o emperor_n the_o title_n of_o van_n svi_fw-la or_o ten_o thousand_o year_n but_o to_o these_o prince_n they_o give_v no_o more_o than_o the_o title_n of_o cien_fw-fr svi_fw-la or_o a_o thousand_o year_n the_o seven_o or_o four_o oriental_n palace_n be_v call_v yuen_v hoen_n iten_v or_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o royal_a nuptial_n when_o the_o king_n or_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v please_v to_o marry_v the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n make_v choice_n of_o the_o most_o beautiful_a and_o most_o accomplish_a virgin_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v whether_o they_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o great_a lord_n or_o but_o of_o mean_a descent_n they_o value_v not_o to_o this_o purpose_n the_o tribunal_n employ_v woman_n that_o be_v well_o in_o year_n and_o of_o good_a reputation_n who_o make_v choice_n of_o twenty_o which_o they_o deem_v the_o most_o accomplish_a the_o tribunal_n be_v inform_v of_o this_o choice_n order_n the_o young_a virgin_n to_o be_v carry_v in_o close_a sedan_n to_o the_o palace_n where_o for_o some_o day_n they_o be_v examine_v by_o the_o queen_n mother_n or_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o person_n live_v by_o the_o principal_a lady_n lady_n of_o the_o court_n who_o visit_v they_o and_o order_n they_o to_o run_v on_o purpose_n to_o find_v out_o whether_o they_o have_v any_o ill_a smell_n or_o defect_n about_o they_o after_o several_a trial_n she_o make_v choice_n of_o one_o who_o she_o send_v to_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ceremony_n accompany_v with_o feast_n and_o banquet_n distribution_n of_o favour_n and_o a_o general_a pardon_n for_o all_o criminal_n of_o the_o empire_n unless_o rebel_n and_o robber_n upon_o the_o highway_n after_o this_o she_o be_v crown_v with_o a_o splendid_a pomp_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n she_o have_v bestow_v upon_o she_o many_o title_n and_o large_a revenue_n as_o for_o the_o nineteen_o virgin_n to_o who_o fortune_n be_v not_o so_o favourable_a the_o king_n marry_v they_o to_o the_o son_n of_o great_a lord_n of_o which_o if_o there_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o serve_v they_o all_o he_o send_v the_o remainder_n back_o to_o their_o parent_n with_o dowry_n sufficient_a to_o marry_v they_o advantageous_o this_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o king_n of_o china_n but_o at_o present_a the_o tartar_n emperor_n make_v choice_n of_o the_o daughter_n of_o some_o great_a lord_n who_o be_v not_o of_o the_o blood-royal_a or_o of_o the_o daughter_n of_o some_o one_o of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n for_o their_o wife_n and_o queen_n the_o eight_o or_o four_o occidental_a palace_n be_v call_v tzu_n nen_fw-la cum_fw-la or_o the_o palace_n of_o piety_n and_o serve_v for_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o queen_n mother_n and_o her_o damsel_n and_o lady_n of_o honour_n the_o nine_o or_o five_o oriental_a palace_n be_v call_v chum_fw-la cui_fw-la cum_fw-la or_o the_o palace_n of_o beauty_n and_o the_o ten_o or_o fifteen_o on_o the_o west_n side_n be_v call_v ki_n fiam_fw-la cum_fw-la or_o the_o happy_a palace_n these_o two_o palace_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o daughter_n and_o sister_n of_o the_o king_n before_o they_o be_v marry_v for_o which_o purpose_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o chinese_n king_n the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n pick_v out_o certain_a young_a gentleman_n handsome_a and_o ingenious_a and_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o year_n old_a out_o of_o which_o the_o king_n choose_v one_o for_o his_o daughter_n or_o his_o sister_n to_o who_o he_o give_v a_o vast_a dowry_n in_o land_n and_o jewel_n these_o be_v call_v â—…u_o mâ—…_n or_o the_o emperor_n kindred_n by_o his_o wife_n they_o can_v not_o be_v 〈◊〉_d however_o they_o become_v very_o powerful_a and_o be_v great_a oppressor_n of_o the_o people_n befâ—…_n theâ—…_n have_v any_o child_n they_o be_v oblige_v every_o 〈◊〉_d and_o evening_n to_o fall_v upon_o they_o knee_n 〈◊〉_d â—…heir_a wife_n and_o knock_v their_o head_n thrâ—…_n 〈◊〉_d â—…gainst_a the_o ground_n but_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o 〈◊〉_d child_n they_o be_v no_o long_o engage_v to_o that_o ceremony_n at_o present_v the_o tartar_n king_n marry_v his_o sister_n and_o his_o daughter_n to_o the_o son_n of_o great_a lord_n who_o be_v not_o of_o the_o blood_n royal_a or_o with_o the_o son_n of_o the_o petty_a king_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n the_o the_o leventh_n or_o six_o palace_n to_o the_o east_n be_v call_v y_o hao_o tien_n or_o the_o palace_n of_o due_a title_n and_o the_o twelve_o or_o six_o palace_n to_o the_o west_n be_v call_v siam_n nim_fw-mi cum_fw-la or_o the_o palace_n of_o felicity_n the_o thirteen_o or_o seven_o eastern_a palace_n be_v call_v gin_fw-mi xeu_o cum_fw-la or_o the_o palace_n of_o long_a life_n and_o the_o fourteen_o or_o seven_o western_a palace_n be_v call_v kien_fw-mi nim_fw-mi cum_fw-la or_o the_o palace_n of_o celestial_a repose_n all_o which_o four_o palace_n be_v the_o habitation_n of_o the_o second_o and_o three_o queen_n and_o the_o concubine_n and_o several_a other_o lady_n belong_v to_o the_o decease_a king_n who_o the_o king_n never_o see_v nor_o ever_o enter_v into_o their_o palace_n such_o be_v their_o respect_n and_o veneration_n for_o their_o predecessor_n the_o fifteen_o or_o eight_o palace_n to_o the_o east_n be_v call_v kiao_n ta_o tien_n or_o the_o palace_n of_o great_a friendship_n the_o sixteen_o or_o eight_o to_o the_o west_n be_v call_v quen_o nim_fw-mi cum_fw-la or_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o place_n of_o repose_n to_o either_o of_o which_o the_o king_n retire_v when_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v private_a with_o his_o queen_n the_o seventeen_o or_o nine_o to_o the_o east_n be_v call_v chim_z chien_fw-fr cum_n or_o the_o palace_n which_o receive_v heaven_n and_o the_o eighteen_o which_o be_v opposite_a to_o it_o â—…_n quen_n cum_fw-la or_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o elevate_a earth_n these_o two_o palace_n serve_v for_o the_o king_n divertisement_n with_o his_o other_o two_o queen_n to_o the_o first_o of_o which_o he_o go_v with_o his_o second_o and_o to_o the_o second_o with_o the_o three_o of_o his_o wife_n the_o nineteen_o or_o ten_o to_o the_o east_n be_v call_v humh_o te_fw-mi tien_n or_o the_o palace_n of_o abundant_a virtue_n the_o twenty_o or_o ten_o to_o the_o west_n be_v call_v kiu_n en_fw-fr sin_n tien_n or_o the_o palace_n that_o envelope_v the_o heart_n in_o these_o two_o palace_n be_v keep_v the_o king_n jewel_n and_o rarity_n of_o a_o inestimable_a value_n and_o sometime_o he_o go_v himself_o to_o visit_v his_o treasure_n which_o perhaps_o be_v the_o large_a and_o the_o rich_a in_o the_o world_n in_o regard_n that_o for_o four_o thousand_o twenty_o five_o year_n the_o chinese_n king_n have_v be_v always_o add_v to_o it_o without_o take_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o it_o for_o though_o the_o reign_v family_n have_v so_o often_o alter_v yet_o none_o of_o they_o ever_o touch_v this_o treasure_n nor_o those_o of_o which_o we_o shall_v give_v a_o account_n hereafter_o because_o of_o the_o rigorous_a punishment_n which_o the_o new_a king_n will_v have_v inflict_v upon_o those_o that_o shall_v have_v attempt_v such_o a_o sacrilege_n and_o all_o their_o family_n now_o though_o the_o name_n of_o all_o these_o palace_n seem_v very_o mean_a and_o ordinary_a in_o our_o language_n certain_a it_o be_v however_o that_o in_o the_o chinese_n language_n they_o be_v very_o significative_a and_o mysterious_a as_o be_v invent_v on_o purpose_n by_o their_o man_n of_o learning_n conformable_a to_o their_o structure_n their_o situation_n and_o their_o use._n note_n upon_o the_o nineteen_o chapter_n these_o palace_n be_v large_a and_o magnificent_a and_o seat_v in_o the_o space_n between_o the_o twenty_o apartment_n s_o of_o the_o emperor_n palace_n and_o the_o two_o wall_n of_o the_o inner_a enclosure_n which_o be_v describe_v by_o our_o author_n in_o this_o nineteen_o chapter_n i._o the_o first_o palace_n call_v venus_n ho_o tien_n or_o the_o palace_n of_o flourish_a learning_n hither_o the_o king_n retire_v when_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o discourse_v with_o his_o man_n of_o learning_n or_o to_o consult_v about_o his_o most_o important_a affair_n or_o to_o keep_v the_o fast_n most_o usual_o observe_v in_o china_n it_o be_v place_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o six_o apartment_n call_v the_o supreme_a imperial_a hall._n ii_o the_o second_o palace_n over_o against_o the_o forego_n to_o the_o west_n of_o the_o six_o apartment_n call_v vu_z in_o tien_n or_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o council_n of_o war._n iii_o the_o three_o palace_n or_o second_o on_o the_o east_n side_n as_o you_o
their_o study_n and_o write_v book_n upon_o several_a subject_n they_o be_v proper_o the_o king_n be_v learned_a people_n who_o frequent_o discourse_v with_o they_o upon_o several_a science_n and_o make_v choice_n of_o several_a of_o they_o to_o be_v his_o colao_n or_o counsellor_n or_o for_o his_o other_o tribunal_n and_o general_o he_o commit_v to_o their_o care_n the_o execution_n of_o all_o affair_n that_o require_v secrecy_n and_o fidelity_n in_o short_a this_o tribunal_n be_v a_o royal_a academy_n or_o as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v a_o royal_a magazine_n furnish_v with_o man_n of_o wit_n and_o learning_n always_o ready_a to_o serve_v the_o state_n and_o the_o emperor_n they_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o first_o tribunal_n be_v of_o the_o three_o order_n of_o mandarin_n they_o of_o the_o second_o of_o the_o four_o order_n and_o they_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o other_o three_o be_v of_o the_o five_o order_n yet_o though_o they_o be_v of_o those_o inferior_a order_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v very_o much_o esteem_v respect_a and_o dread_a the_o tribunal_n call_v gue_n thu_n kien_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o royal_a school_n or_o university_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o it_o have_v two_o sort_n of_o employment_n the_o first_o be_v that_o when_o the_o king_n make_v any_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o heaven_n the_o earth_n the_o sun_n or_o moon_n or_o to_o any_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n decease_v to_o recompense_v his_o great_a service_n the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o tribunal_n present_v the_o wine_n which_o be_v do_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ceremony_n their_o next_o business_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o all_o the_o licentiate_n and_o undergraduate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o of_o all_o the_o student_n to_o who_o for_o some_o particular_a reason_n the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o confer_v title_n and_o dignity_n which_o equal_v they_o in_o some_o measure_n with_o the_o bachelor_n graduate_n these_o student_n be_v of_o eight_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v call_v cum_fw-la sem_fw-mi who_o be_v bachelor_n of_o art_n and_o learned_a be_v of_o a_o age_n not_o to_o be_v examine_v or_o who_o have_v be_v examine_v have_v not_o the_o good_a fortune_n to_o come_v off_o with_o applause_n and_o therefore_o to_o make_v they_o amends_o the_o king_n give_v they_o a_o pension_n as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v the_o second_o call_v quen_o sem_fw-mi be_v the_o son_n of_o great_a mandarin_n upon_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o eminent_a service_n of_o their_o parent_n the_o king_n confer_v employment_n without_o suffer_v they_o to_o undergo_v the_o rigour_n of_o examination_n the_o three_o sort_n call_v ngen_fw-mi sem_fw-mi be_v certain_a student_n who_o the_o king_n make_v mandarin_n at_o his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n or_o upon_o the_o birth_n or_o marriage_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o elder_a son._n the_o four_o be_v call_v cum_fw-la sem_fw-mi be_v student_n upon_o who_o the_o king_n bestow_v his_o favour_n and_o advance_v they_o to_o dignity_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a personal_a merit_n or_o the_o great_a service_n of_o their_o ancestor_n the_o five_o sort_n call_v kien_fw-mi sem_fw-mi comprehend_v all_o those_o who_o have_v be_v bachelor_n for_o some_o time_n and_o after_o their_o examination_n not_o be_v able_a to_o merit_v the_o degree_n of_o licentiate_n or_o else_o fear_v to_o lose_v their_o degree_n of_o bachelor_n give_v the_o king_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n for_o which_o he_o grant_v they_o the_o title_n of_o kien_fw-fr sem_fw-mi which_o confirm_v they_o for_o ever_o into_o their_o batchelour_n degree_n and_o make_v they_o capable_a of_o be_v elect_v mandarin_n the_o six_o be_v compose_v of_o student_n that_o learn_v foreign_a language_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o interpret_v when_o stranger_n come_v to_o court._n to_o who_o the_o king_n for_o their_o encouragement_n give_v this_o title_n with_o revenue_n proportionable_a and_o after_o they_o have_v serve_v for_o some_o year_n they_o may_v be_v make_v mandarin_n without_o any_o examination_n the_o seven_o consist_v of_o the_o son_n of_o great_a lord_n who_o in_o this_o tribunal_n learn_v virtue_n civility_n and_o the_o liberal_a science_n and_o when_o they_o be_v of_o age_n to_o be_v mandarin_n the_o king_n prefer_v they_o to_o some_o employment_n or_o other_o the_o eight_o be_v accidental_a and_o of_o a_o peculiar_a sort_n for_o when_o the_o emperor_n have_v any_o daughter_n that_o be_v call_v lady_n of_o the_o palace_n or_o cum_fw-la chu_n and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o intention_n to_o marry_v they_o he_o make_v choice_n at_o pekim_n of_o several_a young_a lad_n hopeful_a for_o their_o part_n handsome_a and_o between_o fourteen_o and_o seventeen_o year_n of_o age_n whether_o they_o be_v the_o son_n of_o mandarin_n tradesman_n or_o poor_a people_n out_o of_o these_o the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n choose_v the_o most_o accomplish_a for_o beauty_n and_o wit_n and_o present_v they_o to_o the_o king_n who_o cull_v out_o one_o that_o please_v he_o most_o and_o send_v the_o rest_n back_o to_o their_o parent_n after_o he_o have_v give_v to_o every_o one_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o a_o piece_n of_o silk_n but_o as_o for_o those_o who_o be_v thus_o make_v choice_n of_o to_o be_v his_o son_n in_o law_n he_o set_v over_o they_o a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n and_o place_n he_o in_o that_o college_n to_o be_v instruct_v the_o precedent_n of_o this_o college_n be_v of_o the_o four_o order_n of_o mandarin_n and_o his_o assessor_n who_o be_v regent_n in_o the_o college_n be_v of_o the_o five_o order_n the_o mandarin_n that_o compose_v the_o tribunal_n call_v tu_fw-la cha_fw-mi yuen_v be_v controller_n of_o the_o court_n and_o of_o all_o the_o empire_n the_o precedent_n be_v equal_a in_o dignity_n to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n so_o that_o he_o be_v a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o second_o degree_n his_o first_o assessor_n be_v of_o the_o three_o and_o his_o second_o assistant_n of_o the_o four_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mandarin_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o of_o great_a authority_n be_v of_o the_o seven_o order_n their_o employment_n be_v to_o take_v care_n both_o at_o court_n and_o over_o all_o the_o empire_n that_o the_o law_n and_o good_a custom_n be_v strict_o observe_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n that_o the_o mandarin_n perform_v their_o function_n just_o and_o true_o and_o that_o the_o people_n do_v their_o duty_n they_o punish_v slight_a fault_n in_o their_o own_o tribunal_n and_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o great_a offence_n every_o three_o year_n they_o make_v a_o general_a visitation_n send_v fourteen_o visitor_n abroad_o that_o be_v one_o for_o every_o province_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o visitor_n enter_v the_o province_n they_o be_v superior_a to_o the_o viceroy_n and_o other_o mandarin_n as_o well_o the_o great_a as_o the_o petty_a one_o and_o they_o control_v they_o with_o so_o much_o majesty_n authority_n and_o rigour_n that_o the_o dread_n wherein_o the_o mandarin_n stand_v of_o they_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o this_o usual_a proverb_n among_o the_o chinese_n lao_n xu_o kien_n mao_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o rat_n have_v see_v the_o cat._n nor_o be_v it_o without_o reason_n that_o they_o stand_v in_o so_o much_o awe_n of_o they_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o take_v away_o their_o employment_n and_o ruin_v their_o person_n the_o visitation_n be_v finish_v they_o return_v to_o court_n general_o load_v with_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n more_o or_o less_o which_o the_o mandarin_n give_v they_o for_o they_o that_o be_v guilty_a will_v bleed_v very_o free_o for_o fear_n they_o shall_v be_v accuse_v to_o the_o king._n other_o be_v more_o spare_v but_o give_v however_o to_o prevent_v the_o invent_v of_o accusation_n against_o they_o at_o their_o return_n they_o divide_v their_o spoil_n with_o the_o first_o precedent_n and_o his_o assistant_n and_o after_o that_o give_v both_o they_o and_o the_o king_n a_o account_n of_o their_o visitation_n generally_n they_o never_o impeach_v any_o one_o of_o the_o mandarin_n but_o such_o who_o injustice_n and_o tyranny_n be_v so_o public_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o conceal_v they_o or_o such_o who_o through_o their_o virtue_n or_o their_o poverty_n be_v not_o able_a to_o gratify_v their_o avarice_n this_o visitation_n be_v call_v ta_o chai_n or_o the_o great_a and_o general_a visitation_n the_o second_o tribunal_n make_v a_o second_o tribunal_n every_o year_n which_o be_v call_v chum_n chai_n or_o the_o middle_a super-visor_n this_o tribunal_n also_o send_v visitor_n to_o nine_o quarter_n of_o the_o frontier_n on_o that_o side_n which_o be_v next_o the_o vast_a wall_n that_o separate_a china_n from_o tartary_n they_o send_v other_o visitor_n to_o the_o salt_n pit_n which_o yield_v
reason_n of_o the_o merit_n of_o their_o ancestor_n the_o tribunal_n call_v co_n tao_n or_o co_n li_n be_v that_o of_o the_o inspecter_n or_o overseer_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v which_o be_v divide_v into_o six_o class_n like_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n from_o whence_o they_o take_v their_o name_n and_o distinction_n for_o example_n the_o first_o be_v call_v li_n co_n or_o inspecter_n of_o the_o superior_a tribunal_n of_o the_o mandarin_n the_o second_o hu_o co_n or_o inspecter_n of_o the_o superior_a tribunal_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n every_o classis_fw-la be_v compose_v of_o several_a mandarin_n all_o of_o the_o seven_o order_n and_o all_o equal_a so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o he_o that_o keep_v the_o seal_n of_o the_o tribunal_n who_o have_v any_o superiority_n over_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n their_o business_n be_v to_o reprehend_v the_o king_n himself_o for_o any_o miscarriage_n of_o his_o government_n and_o there_o be_v some_o so_o resolute_a and_o undaunted_a that_o they_o will_v rather_o expose_v themselves_o to_o death_n and_o banishment_n than_o forbear_v when_o they_o have_v truth_n on_o their_o side_n which_o they_o will_v tell_v he_o sometime_o to_o his_o face_n and_o sometime_o in_o write_v without_o any_o mince_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o of_o this_o freedom_n as_o we_o meet_v at_o present_a with_o several_a example_n so_o be_v there_o a_o far_o great_a number_n to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o chinese_n history_n many_o time_n also_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o king_n will_v amend_v their_o defect_n and_o magnificent_o reward_v those_o that_o have_v be_v so_o liberal_a of_o their_o reproof_n they_o be_v also_o entrust_v to_o inspect_v the_o disorder_n of_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n and_o to_o inform_v the_o king_n by_o private_a memorial_n the_o king_n likewise_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o tribunal_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o several_a order_n of_o importance_n that_o require_v secrecy_n and_o every_o year_n he_o cull_v out_o three_o to_o be_v visitor_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v call_v siun_z cim_o who_o visit_v all_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o court_n or_o in_o the_o city_n of_o pe_n kim_n and_o take_v notice_n of_o all_o merchandise_n that_o be_v either_o sophisticated_a or_o prohibit_v the_o second_o be_v call_v sium_n cam_n who_o visit_v the_o burner_n of_o the_o king_n lime_n the_o three_o who_o be_v call_v sium_n xi_o nim_fw-mi ym_fw-mi be_v present_a at_o all_o the_o general_n muster_n the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o tribunal_n be_v only_o of_o the_o seven_o order_n however_o their_o authority_n and_o power_n be_v very_o large_a the_o tribunal_n call_v he_o gin_n sum_o consist_v of_o several_a mandarin_n all_o doctor_n all_o equal_a and_o all_o of_o the_o seven_o order_n like_o those_o of_o the_o precede_a tribunal_n their_o employment_n be_v to_o be_v send_v abroad_o either_o as_o envoy_n or_o ambassador_n either_o to_o distant_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o to_o foreign_a state_n as_o when_o the_o king_n send_v they_o to_o carry_v title_n of_o honour_n to_o the_o mother_n or_o wise_a of_o a_o mandarin_n slay_v in_o the_o war_n or_o after_o he_o have_v do_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n eminent_a service_n in_o the_o discharge_n of_o his_o employment_n or_o when_o the_o emperor_n be_v please_v to_o confer_v or_o confirm_v the_o title_n of_o king_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o corea_n or_o any_o other_o neighbour_a sovereign_n these_o embassy_n be_v very_o honourable_a and_o sometime_o no_o less_o gainful_a the_o tribunal_n of_o tai_n li_n sum_o i._n e._n of_o supreme_a reason_n and_o justice_n be_v so_o call_v because_o they_o be_v entrust_v to_o examine_v all_o doubtful_a and_o intricate_a cause_n and_o to_o confirm_v or_o annihilate_v the_o sentence_n of_o other_o tribunal_n especial_o in_o reference_n to_o crime_n that_o concern_v the_o estate_n the_o honour_n and_o life_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n the_o precedent_n of_o this_o tribunal_n be_v of_o the_o three_o order_n his_o two_o lateral_a judge_n or_o assessor_n of_o the_o four_o and_o the_o other_o inferior_a mandarin_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o five_o and_o six_o when_o the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n condemn_v to_o death_n any_o person_n of_o quality_n or_o other_o person_n of_o mean_a condition_n and_o that_o the_o king_n find_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o sentence_n dubious_a he_o refer_v it_o always_o to_o san_n fa_o sum_o which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v his_o council_n of_o conscience_n then_o three_o tribunal_n assemble_v together_o the_o tai_n li_z sum_z the_o tu_fw-la li_z yven_v or_o the_o superior_a tribunal_n of_o visitor_n and_o the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n all_o these_o together_o re_fw-mi examine_v the_o process_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o accuser_n and_o the_o party_n accuse_v and_o many_o time_n revoke_v the_o sentence_n for_o that_o the_o prosecutor_n not_o have_v gain_v the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n nor_o have_v money_n nor_o cunning_a enough_o to_o corrupt_v the_o other_o two_o they_o judge_v according_a to_o reason_n and_o justice_n and_o general_o the_o king_n confirm_v the_o decision_n of_o those_o three_o tribunal_n the_o tribunal_n tum_o chim_z sum_o takes_z care_n to_o have_v the_o king_n order_n and_o command_v proclaim_v at_o court_n and_o diligent_o to_o inform_v themselves_o of_o the_o calamity_n oppression_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o people_n and_o exact_o and_o private_o to_o inform_v the_o emperor_n they_o be_v likewise_o entrust_v to_o send_v to_o the_o king_n or_o else_o to_o bury_v in_o silence_n as_o they_o shall_v deem_v most_o proper_a all_o the_o memorial_n of_o the_o miâ—…itary_a mandarin_n and_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o fourteen_o province_n of_o the_o veteran_n mandarin_n who_o be_v dispense_v with_o from_o all_o manner_n of_o employment_n of_o the_o people_n soldier_n and_o stranger_n that_o come_v from_o foreign_a country_n the_o mandarin_n of_o the_o province_n of_o pekim_n present_v their_o memorial_n immediate_o to_o the_o king_n himself_o never_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o tribunal_n the_o precedent_n of_o which_o be_v of_o the_o three_o order_n of_o mandarin_n his_o first_o assessor_n of_o the_o four_o his_o second_o assessor_n of_o the_o five_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o inferior_a mandarin_n of_o the_o six_o and_o seven_o order_n the_o tribunal_n tai_n chan_fw-mi sum_z be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o associate_n and_o assistant_n to_o the_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n the_o precedent_n be_v of_o the_o three_o order_n his_o assessor_n of_o the_o four_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mandarin_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o five_o and_o six_o order_n they_o take_v particular_a care_n of_o the_o king_n music_n and_o sacrifice_n and_o in_o regard_n these_o sacrifice_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o the_o heaven_n the_o earth_n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n to_o river_n and_o mountain_n this_o tribunal_n take_v care_n of_o all_o those_o pile_n which_o be_v very_o vast_a and_o magnificent_a they_o also_o take_v care_n of_o the_o marry_a bonze_n who_o be_v general_o alchemist_n and_o fortune-teller_n two_o of_o these_o mandarin_n be_v appoint_v to_o give_v order_n for_o the_o reception_n and_o lodging_n of_o stranger_n that_o come_v to_o court._n last_o they_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o the_o public_a courtesan_n of_o the_o place_n of_o their_o habitation_n and_o of_o those_o that_o govern_v and_o direct_v they_o in_o their_o infamous_a trade_n the_o chineses_n to_o show_v their_o aversion_n to_o those_o miserable_a creature_n call_v they_o â—…am_fw-la â—…a_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v man_n that_o have_v utter_o bury_v in_o oblivion_n eight_o virtue_n viz._n obedience_n to_o theâ—…_n father_n and_o mother_n affection_n for_o their_o brethren_n and_o other_o kindred_n fidelity_n towards_o their_o prince_n sincerity_n honesty_n justice_n modesty_n chastity_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o laudable_a science_n and_o customâ—…_n this_o be_v the_o signification_n of_o those_o two_o word_n which_o the_o chineses_n mark_v with_o only_o two_o letter_n by_o which_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o see_v the_o force_n of_o their_o language_n and_o the_o esteem_n which_o they_o have_v for_o virtue_n though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o follow_v their_o own_o deprave_a inclination_n that_o carry_v they_o headlong_o into_o vice_n the_o tribunal_n quan_fw-mi lo_o su_fw-es or_o of_o the_o royal_a inn_n take_v care_n for_o the_o provision_n of_o wine_n cattle_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o king_n sacrifice_n banquet_n and_o for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o such_o as_o be_v treat_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n whether_o chineses_n or_o foreigner_n this_o tribunal_n be_v a_o associate_n to_o that_o of_o the_o ceremony_n the_o precedent_n be_v of_o the_o
have_v they_o any_o right_n of_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n though_o they_o shall_v have_v several_a heir_n male_n which_o custom_n be_v also_o observe_v among_o the_o people_n for_o in_o china_n to_o marry_v a_o daughter_n be_v to_o exclude_v she_o for_o ever_o from_o her_o father_n family_n and_o graft_v she_o into_o the_o family_n of_o her_o husband_n who_o sir_n name_v she_o assume_v at_o the_o same_o time_n instead_o of_o her_o own_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o chinese_n when_o they_o will_v say_v that_o a_o maid_n be_v ally_v to_o the_o family_n of_o her_o husband_n never_o make_v use_v of_o the_o word_n kin_n to_o go_v but_o of_o the_o word_n quei_z to_o return_v asmuch_o as_n to_o say_v she_o be_v not_o go_v but_o be_v return_v to_o her_o family_n thus_o they_o explain_v themselves_o also_o when_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o dead_a for_o they_o do_v not_o say_v such_o a_o one_o be_v dead_a but_o such_o a_o one_o be_v return_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n when_o a_o grandfather_n speak_v of_o the_o child_n of_o his_o son_n he_o call_v they_o bare_o sun_n su_n my_o grand_a child_n but_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o his_o daughter_n child_n he_o call_v they_o vai_n sun_n su_n my_o grand_a child_n without_o for_o they_o look_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v of_o the_o son_n in_o law_n family_n the_o second_o sort_n of_o the_o king_n kindred_n by_o the_o female_a side_n be_v the_o father_n brother_n uncle_n and_o other_o kindred_n of_o the_o queen_n the_o king_n son_n in_o law_n their_o father_n brother_n uncle_n and_o other_o kindred_n out_o of_o these_o two_o sort_n the_o king_n make_v choice_n of_o some_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a to_o compose_v this_o tribunal_n and_o to_o act_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n they_o differ_v only_o in_o this_o that_o the_o latter_a be_v of_o none_o of_o the_o nine_o order_n the_o former_a be_v mandarin_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o order_n though_o they_o esteem_v much_o more_o honourable_a the_o title_n of_o hoam_n cin_n and_o furio_n ma_n or_o the_o king_n kindred_n than_o that_o of_o mandarin_n though_o of_o the_o first_o order_n but_o this_o second_o sort_n of_o kindred_n be_v also_o extirpate_v by_o the_o tartar_n with_o the_o precede_a family_n thus_o far_o concern_v the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o mandarin_n and_o of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o court._n we_o be_v now_o to_o give_v a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n note_n upon_o the_o fourteen_o chapter_n he_o cause_v a_o choice_n to_o be_v make_v at_o pe_n kim_n of_o several_a young_a gentleman_n etc._n etc._n here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o in_o this_o place_n the_o author_n only_o 221._o speak_v of_o what_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n for_o the_o tartar_a emperor_n have_v alter_v this_o custom_n and_o never_o marry_v their_o daughter_n but_o to_o king_n prince_n or_o great_a lord_n as_o our_o author_n himself_o acknowledge_v a_o little_a low_o chap._n xv._n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o fifteen_o province_n there_o belong_v a_o supreme_a tribunal_n which_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o precedent_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o tu_fw-la tam_fw-la kiun_n muen_n tu_fw-la yuen_v siun_z furio_n with_o several_a other_o name_n which_o all_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o governor_n of_o a_o province_n or_o viceroy_n with_o we_o these_o precedent_n be_v of_o the_o first_o second_o or_o three_o order_n according_a as_o the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o regulate_v they_o when_o he_o send_v they_o into_o the_o province_n they_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o whole_a government_n as_o well_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o in_o war_n and_o with_o the_o command_n of_o the_o people_n and_o soldier_n as_o well_o in_o civil_a as_o criminal_a matter_n they_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n of_o all_o matter_n of_o importance_n on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o the_o king_n order_n and_o dispatch_n with_o those_o of_o the_o superior_a tribunal_n be_v direct_v to_o this_o tribunal_n and_o all_o the_o mandarin_n of_o the_o province_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v to_o this_o tribunal_n in_o all_o affair_n of_o moment_n there_o be_v other_o viceroy_n that_o govern_v two_o three_o or_o four_o province_n and_o be_v call_v tsum_n to_o as_o leam_fw-la quam_fw-la tsum_fw-la to_o or_o viceroy_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quam_fw-la tum_o and_o quam_fw-la si._n quam_fw-la tum_o signify_v the_o province_n extend_v towards_o the_o east_n and_o quam_fw-la si_fw-la the_o province_n extend_v towards_o the_o west_n there_o be_v other_o such_o like_a viceroy_n in_o china_n as_o in_o the_o province_n border_v upon_o tartary_n and_o other_o place_n of_o importance_n and_o beside_o the_o viceroy_n there_o be_v in_o every_o province_n a_o visitor_n call_v ngan_n tai_n or_o ngan_n yuen_v of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v former_o last_o there_o be_v a_o three_o considerable_a officer_n call_v tsum_fw-la pim_fw-la who_o command_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v of_o the_o first_o order_n of_o mandarin_n these_o three_o supreme_a precedent_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n have_v under_o they_o several_a inferior_a mandarin_n who_o assist_v they_o in_o the_o dispatch_n of_o business_n and_o though_o these_o three_o tribunal_n general_a have_v their_o palace_n in_o the_o capital_a city_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v not_o always_o resident_a there_o but_o keep_v their_o circuit_n from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o business_n require_v but_o for_o the_o particular_a tribunal_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n they_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v every_o capital_a city_n have_v two_o tribunal_n in_o which_o proper_o consist_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o province_n the_o one_o for_o civil_a the_o other_o for_o criminal_a affair_n the_o first_o be_v call_v pu_fw-fr chim_z sum_o the_o precedent_n of_o which_o be_v a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o the_o second_o order_n the_o palace_n belong_v to_o this_o tribunal_n like_o those_o at_o the_o court_n contain_v on_o both_o side_n two_o other_o tribunal_n which_o be_v not_o inferior_a but_o assistant_n to_o the_o first_o tribunal_n that_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v the_o most_o considerable_a and_o be_v call_v tsan_n chim_z have_v two_o precedent_n both_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o three_o order_n the_o other_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v call_v tsan_n y_o the_o precedent_n of_o which_o be_v both_o equal_a and_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o four_o order_n to_o all_o these_o three_o tribunal_n belong_v a_o great_a number_n of_o inferior_a mandarin_n call_v xeu_n lie_v quen_o who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o decide_v all_o civil_a matter_n and_o to_o pay_v and_o receive_v all_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o province_n the_o criminal_a tribunal_n be_v call_v nghan_n i_o sum_o and_o the_o precedent_n who_o be_v of_o the_o three_o order_n have_v no_o assessor_n but_o two_o class_n of_o mandarin_n under_o he_o those_o of_o the_o first_o classis_fw-la who_o be_v call_v to_o sum_o be_v of_o the_o four_o order_n they_o of_o the_o second_o classis_fw-la who_o be_v call_v cien_n sum_o be_v of_o the_o five_o order_n and_o the_o mandarin_n of_o these_o two_o class_n be_v call_v tao_n li_n or_o tao_n tusâ—…_n these_o tao_n li_n be_v the_o visiter_n of_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o province_n in_o which_o they_o have_v their_o tribunal_n some_o of_o they_o take_v care_n of_o the_o post_n horse_n the_o royal_a inn_n and_o the_o king_n bark_n so_o far_o as_o their_o jurisdiction_n reach_v and_o be_v call_v you_o chuen_fw-ge tao_fw-mi other_o that_o be_v call_v pim_n pi_fw-la tao_fw-la be_v entrust_v to_o inspect_v the_o several_a troop_n and_o company_n of_o the_o province_n other_o to_o drain_v the_o land_n and_o level_v the_o highway_n who_o be_v call_v tun_n tien_n tao_o this_o tribunal_n have_v power_n to_o punish_v criminal_n by_o banishment_n as_o also_o by_o confiscation_n of_o good_n and_o loâ—…s_n of_o life_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o visitor_n in_o the_o province_n it_o have_v a_o eye_n over_o all_o the_o other_o mandarin_n and_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o king_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o the_o province_n when_o business_n require_v their_o information_n in_o a_o word_n these_o two_o tribunal_n do_v the_o office_n of_o the_o six_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o the_o court_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v their_o substitute_n every_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o district_n and_o to_o every_o district_n belong_v a_o mandarin_n call_v tao_n â—…i_fw-la who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o visitor_n or_o inspeâ—…er_n into_o the_o manner_n and_o behaviour_n of_o the_o officer_n within_o his_o