not_o make_v wine_n of_o they_o there_o be_v in_o this_o country_n tree_n bear_v olive_n but_o such_o as_o be_v of_o a_o unpleasant_a smell_n and_o of_o a_o worse_a taste_n and_o diverse_a other_o kind_n of_o fruit_n in_o great_a abundance_n as_o those_o which_o they_o call_v hovi_n platani_fw-la pineae_fw-la guiavae_fw-la mamei_n and_o guanavanae_n it_o bring_v forth_o sugar_n cotton-wooll_n hemp_n and_o other_o thing_n as_o with_o we_o beside_o divers_a sort_n of_o strange_a tree_n and_o herb_n it_o have_v sweet_a spice_n pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n it_o abound_v with_o incredible_a plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o with_o other_o metal_n and_o mineral_n but_o it_o have_v not_o when_o it_o be_v discover_v either_o ox_n horse_n mule_n ass_n sheep_n goat_n or_o dog_n wherefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v strike_v with_o amazement_n at_o the_o first_o sight_n of_o a_o horse_n mouse_n be_v first_o bring_v thither_o by_o a_o ship_n of_o antwerp_n which_o sail_v very_o far_o through_o the_o straight_a of_o magellane_n since_o which_o time_n either_o by_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o country_n or_o of_o the_o creature_n themselves_o they_o be_v multiply_v and_o increase_v in_o so_o exceed_v a_o manner_n that_o they_o spoil_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o harvest_n by_o gnaw_v the_o herb_n and_o tree_n it_o do_v bring_v to_o we_o divers_a live_a creature_n partly_o know_v to_o we_o and_o partly_o unknown_a among_o other_o thing_n there_o be_v find_v a_o prodigious_a beast_n which_o have_v on_o her_o belly_n another_o belly_n place_v in_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o purse_n and_o as_o often_o as_o she_o change_v her_o den_n she_o hide_v and_o carry_v her_o young_a one_o in_o that_o bag_n this_o creature_n have_v the_o body_n and_o snout_n of_o a_o fox_n the_o foot_n and_o hand_n of_o a_o monkey_n and_o the_o ear_n of_o a_o bat_n there_o be_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o creature_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v call_v cascuij_fw-la like_o a_o black_a hog_n hairy_a hard_o skin_v have_v little_a eye_n broad_a ear_n cleave_a hoof_n arm_v with_o a_o short_a trunk_n or_o snout_n like_o a_o elephant_n and_o have_v so_o terrible_a a_o cry_n or_o bray_a that_o he_o make_v man_n deaf_a but_o his_o flesh_n be_v sweet_a to_o eat_v here_o be_v find_v a_o great_a company_n of_o wild_a boar_n and_o fierce_a tiger_n and_o lion_n also_o but_o those_o very_a fearful_a and_o such_o as_o will_v run_v away_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o man_n here_o be_v also_o peacock_n pheasant_n partridge_n and_o divers_a other_o kind_n of_o bird_n but_o far_o differ_v from_o we_o but_o of_o these_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o our_o particular_a description_n all_o america_n be_v divide_v as_o we_o say_v before_o into_o two_o great_a peninsulaes_n whereof_o the_o one_o which_o lie_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_a be_v call_v the_o northern_a america_n the_o other_o the_o southern_a because_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v stretch_v out_o beyond_o the_o aequinoctial_a although_o some_o country_n of_o it_o be_v near_o unto_o the_o aequinoctial_a the_o northern_a america_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o region_n as_o namely_o quivira_n nova_n hispania_n nicaragua_n jucatan_n florida_n apalchen_n norumbega_n nova_n francia_n terra_fw-la laboratoris_fw-la and_o estotilandia_n there_o be_v many_o part_n of_o the_o southern_a america_n but_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a which_o have_v already_o be_v get_v and_o take_v from_o the_o savage_n as_o castilia_n aurea_fw-la plopaiana_n peruvia_n chile_n and_o brasilia_n it_o do_v glory_n especial_o in_o two_o city_n cusco_n and_o mexico_n cusco_n be_v the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a city_n of_o southern_a america_n which_o both_o for_o bigness_n strength_n and_o magnificence_n for_o the_o invincible_a fortification_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o the_o great_a company_n of_o nobility_n for_o the_o order_n and_o place_n of_o the_o house_n and_o for_o pleasantness_n of_o situation_n may_v worthy_o compare_v with_o the_o fair_a city_n of_o france_n or_o spain_n no_o common_a people_n be_v admit_v into_o it_o but_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o noble_a man_n and_o great_a prince_n who_o in_o that_o country_n do_v live_v in_o great_a number_n partly_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n and_o partly_o in_o village_n near_o the_o city_n here_o be_v four_o especial_a palace_n of_o noble_a man_n who_o do_v govern_v the_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v stately_a and_o with_o great_a cost_n build_v with_o square_a carve_a marble_n stone_n and_o all_o the_o street_n be_v straight_o in_o many_o place_n make_v the_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n and_o through_o every_o one_o a_o pleasant_a river_n run_v in_o a_o channel_n wall_v on_o each_o side_n with_o stone_n the_o form_n of_o the_o city_n be_v four_o square_n lie_v sweet_o on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n on_o the_o steep_a ascent_n of_o a_o mountain_n a_o wonderful_a fair_a tower_n do_v adorn_v the_o city_n who_o beauty_n or_o largeness_n if_o you_o consider_v those_o which_o have_v view_v many_o country_n have_v see_v few_o in_o all_o europe_n like_v unto_o it_o mexico_n or_o temistitan_n be_v a_o rich_a and_o famous_a city_n in_o nova_n hispania_n whereof_o we_o will_v treat_v hereafter_o in_o the_o description_n of_o nova_n hispania_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o other_o thing_n this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v water_v with_o many_o famous_a river_n rivers_n the_o most_o whereof_o do_v bring_v down_o gold_n and_o it_o be_v full_a of_o lake_n and_o spring_n in_o the_o lake_n and_o river_n there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n among_o which_o there_o be_v one_o kind_n of_o they_o of_o chief_a note_n which_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o hispaniola_n be_v call_v manati_n this_o fish_n be_v somewhat_o like_o a_o trout_n he_o be_v five_o and_o twenty_o foot_n long_o and_o twelve_o foot_n thick_a in_o his_o head_n and_o tail_n he_o resemble_v a_o ox_n he_o have_v small_a eye_n a_o hard_a and_o hairy_a skin_n of_o a_o light_n blue_a colour_n and_o two_o foot_n like_o a_o elephant_n the_o female_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o fish_n do_v bring_v forth_o their_o young_a one_o as_o cow_n do_v and_o do_v let_v they_o suck_v at_o their_o two_o dug_n mountain_n here_o be_v also_o very_a many_o mountain_n among_o which_o as_o benso_n witness_v be_v a_o fire-vomiting_a mountain_n which_o out_o of_o its_o hollow_a mouth_n do_v send_v forth_o such_o great_a flake_n of_o fire_n that_o the_o blaze_a of_o it_o in_o the_o night_n do_v cast_v forth_o a_o light_n which_o may_v be_v see_v above_o a_o hundred_o mile_n some_o have_v suppose_v that_o the_o gold_n melt_v within_o do_v afford_v continual_a matter_n to_o the_o fire_n for_o a_o certain_a dominican_n friar_n when_o he_o will_v make_v trial_n thereof_o cause_v a_o vessel_n of_o gold_n to_o be_v make_v with_o a_o iron_n chain_n and_o afterward_o go_v to_o the_o mountain_n with_o four_o other_o spaniard_n he_o let_v down_o the_o vessel_n with_o the_o chain_n into_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o there_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n the_o vessel_n with_o part_n of_o the_o chain_n be_v melt_v and_o have_v try_v it_o again_o with_o a_o big_a chain_n it_o happen_v to_o melt_v again_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n here_o the_o city_n general_o be_v stately_a build_v the_o way_n pave_v and_o the_o house_n very_o fair_a and_o beautiful_a it_o be_v report_v that_o here_o be_v a_o king_n garden_n wherein_o herb_n and_o tree_n with_o their_o body_n bough_n and_o fruit_n do_v stand_v of_o solid_a gold_n and_o as_o big_a as_o those_o which_o grow_v in_o orchard_n and_o it_o be_v report_v that_o here_o be_v a_o king_n conclave_n in_o which_o there_o be_v all_o kind_n of_o live_a creature_n make_v of_o precious_a stone_n partly_o paint_v and_o partly_o inlay_v and_o engrave_v that_o which_o be_v report_v concern_v the_o two_o way_n in_o this_o country_n be_v worthy_a of_o memory_n the_o one_o whereof_o lie_v through_o the_o rough_a mountain_n the_o other_o stretch_v through_o the_o plain_a field_n from_o quito_n a_o city_n of_o peru_n to_o the_o city_n cusco_n for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o hundred_o mile_n the_o beauty_n of_o this_o work_n be_v increase_v by_o many_o wonderful_a heap_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v not_o bring_v thither_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o horse_n or_o ox_n both_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n want_v but_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n the_o field_n way_n be_v defend_v on_o both_o side_n with_o wall_n and_o it_o be_v five_o and_o twenty_o foot_n broad_a within_o which_o little_a stream_n do_v run_v have_v their_o bank_n plant_v with_o shrubby_a tree_n which_o they_o call_v molli_fw-la the_o other_o be_v hew_v out_o of_o stone_n and_o rock_n pass_v through_o the_o
note_n where_o the_o session_n for_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v hold_v which_o be_v now_o translate_v to_o warsavia_n lancicia_n be_v a_o pleasant_a city_n seat_v on_o a_o plain_a and_o wall_v about_o have_v a_o wall_a castle_n on_o a_o rock_n by_o which_o the_o river_n bÃsura_n glide_v cujavia_n or_o vladislavia_n be_v a_o fair_a city_n be_v a_o bishop_n seat_n bidgostia_n be_v subject_a unto_o it_o which_o be_v seat_v by_o the_o navigable_a river_n buda_n brestia_n have_v under_o it_o radzieiow_n crusphicia_n and_o cowalow_v crusphicia_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o poland_n next_o to_o gnesna_n it_o be_v build_v of_o wood_n with_o a_o slated_a castle_n by_o the_o lake_n golpo_n rava_n be_v a_o wooden_a city_n situate_v by_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n ploczko_n be_v a_o pleasant_a city_n seat_v on_o a_o hill_n by_o the_o river_n vistula_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o castle_n which_o the_o crucigerians_n do_v demolish_v in_o the_o lesser_a polonia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o cracovia_n sandomiria_n and_o lublinum_n cracovia_n be_v build_v on_o a_o plain_a near_o the_o river_n vistula_n be_v fortify_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n and_o a_o deep_a ditch_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n on_o a_o high_a rockâ—_n which_o they_o call_v vanel_n in_o this_o city_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n keep_v their_o residence_n and_o be_v bury_v it_o have_v a_o famous_a school_n for_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n the_o castellanus_fw-la of_o cracovia_n take_v place_n of_o the_o palatine_a in_o the_o senate_n but_o in_o other_o province_n the_o palatine_a be_v prefer_v before_o the_o castellanus_fw-la moreover_o there_o be_v three_o city_n near_o unto_o cracovia_n clepardia_n stradomia_n and_o cassimiria_n it_o have_v two_o dukedom_n under_o it_o zarocensis_n and_o oswiecimensis_n it_o have_v many_o town_n under_o it_o sandomiria_n be_v a_o principal_a city_n wall_v about_o and_o situate_v on_o a_o hill_n by_o the_o river_n vistula_n be_v 22._o mile_n distant_a from_o cracovia_n it_o have_v a_o ancient_a castle_n well_o fortify_v under_o it_o there_o be_v checiny_n in_o a_o plain_a which_o be_v famous_a for_o mine_n of_o blue_a in_o which_o there_o be_v silver_n also_o find_v also_o korezin_n malogast_n and_o other_o town_n lublinum_n be_v a_o city_n beyond_o vistula_n be_v fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n a_o ditch_n a_o lake_n and_o a_o castle_n in_o which_o there_o be_v 3._o fair_n every_o year_n unto_o which_o both_o turk_n armenian_n grecian_n german_n muscovite_n and_o lithuavians_n do_v resort_n the_o jew_n do_v ininhabite_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o suburb_n and_o have_v a_o synagogue_n there_o the_o river_n bystizna_n do_v run_v by_o the_o castle_n poland_n as_o we_o say_v before_o be_v a_o plain_a country_n the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o wood_n and_o it_o yield_v good_a store_n of_o barley_n wheat_n and_o pulse_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o cattle_n it_o have_v lake_n which_o be_v full_a of_o all_o kind_n of_o fish_n the_o chief_a river_n be_v vistula_n viadrus_n common_o call_v odera_n tire_n now_o niester_n hypanis_n which_o be_v call_v bugh_n vistula_n now_o call_v die_v weixel_n be_v heretofore_o call_v vandalus_n some_o call_v it_o issula_n and_o vissula_n this_o river_n rise_v in_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n and_o before_o it_o come_v to_o cracovia_n it_o be_v enlarge_v by_o the_o receipt_n of_o many_o river_n and_o afterward_o be_v grow_v very_o deep_a and_o broad_a before_o it_o come_v to_o dantiscum_n it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o codan_n bay_n boristhenes_n so_o well_o know_v of_o old_a be_v now_o call_v nieper_n it_o have_v a_o few_o mountain_n and_o those_o southward_n where_o it_o look_v towards_o hungaria_n the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n consist_v of_o the_o clergy_n and_o noble_n the_o ecclesiastic_a order_n have_v two_o bishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o ghesnia_n who_o be_v primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o do_v also_o crown_v the_o king_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o leopolis_n in_o black_a russia_n the_o bishop_n be_v of_o cracovia_n in_o lesser_a poland_n the_o bishop_n of_o posnia_n in_o the_o great_a poland_n and_o in_o other_o province_n the_o bishop_n plocensis_n chelmensis_fw-la vilnensis_fw-la kioviensis_n lucensis_n janoucensis_n samogitiensis_n warmensis_n culmensis_fw-la sambiensis_fw-la pomasaniensis_fw-la rigensis_n and_o other_o the_o politic_a order_n of_o the_o noble_n have_v 26._o palatine_n 60._o count_n 4._o marshal_n a_o chancellor_n and_o a_o vicechancellor_n two_o general_n or_o captain_n in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n there_o be_v forty_o common_a captain_n in_o the_o great_a 30._o in_o massovia_n 12._o so_o that_o the_o king_n when_o occasion_n require_v can_v raise_v 200000._o noble_n he_o that_o desire_v to_o know_v more_o concern_v the_o state_n of_o this_o kingdom_n let_v he_o have_v recourse_n to_o stanislaus_n kizistanowie_a his_o poland_n polonia_n description_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n or_o to_o guagninus_n or_o boterus_n their_o description_n of_o germany_n and_o neugebaverus_fw-la his_o polonian_a history_n there_o be_v also_o in_o poland_n mine_n of_o salt_n by_o bochnia_n and_o veliscus_n which_o do_v exceed_v all_o other_o veliscum_n be_v 8._o mile_n distant_a from_o cracovia_n bochina_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n with_o a_o castle_n where_o the_o governor_n of_o rhe_n saltpits_n dwell_v who_o be_v call_v zupparius_n the_o country_n round_o about_o be_v barren_a but_o this_o country_n make_v a_o great_a revenue_n out_o of_o these_o mine_n than_o some_o country_n do_v out_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n the_o people_n of_o poland_n especial_o the_o noble_n do_v now_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o scythian_a barbarism_n of_o the_o ancient_a sarmatian_n they_o have_v no_o robbery_n so_o that_o in_o summer_n time_n they_o ride_v in_o wagon_n and_o in_o winter_n time_n in_o coach_n safe_o and_o without_o danger_n most_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v very_o sharp_a witted_a and_o do_v get_v experience_n and_o language_n by_o travel_v into_o foreign_a country_n they_o be_v courageous_a and_o will_v not_o shun_v the_o stout_a enemy_n if_o any_o one_o be_v wrong_v by_o the_o noble_n all_o their_o kindred_n and_o friend_n do_v join_v together_o in_o revenge_v it_o and_o do_v never_o cease_v until_o they_o have_v revenge_v it_o or_o lose_v their_o own_o life_n last_o they_o be_v not_o so_o liberal_a as_o prodigal_a both_o in_o their_o frequent_a banquet_n and_o in_o the_o great_a retinue_n and_o number_n of_o servant_n which_o they_o keep_v and_o clothe_v the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n hungaria_n common_o call_v hongeren_n which_o name_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o huns_n or_o hungarian_n who_o come_v out_o of_o scythia_n and_o do_v inhabit_v it_o do_v contain_v pannonia_n and_o the_o country_n of_o jazigus_n and_o the_o dacian_o beyond_o danubius_n on_o the_o south_n it_o have_v the_o river_n savus_n which_o devide_v it_o from_o croatia_n and_o servia_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o illyrici_n over_o against_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v poland_n and_o russia_n which_o be_v disjoin_v by_o the_o mountain_n carpatus_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v austria_n which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o head_n of_o the_o high_a pannonia_n together_o with_o moravia_n and_o styria_n on_o the_o east_n mysia_n which_o they_o now_o call_v rhetiana_n it_o be_v a_o excellent_a country_n both_o for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o situation_n the_o country_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o fertile_a and_o yield_v pearl_n gold_n silver_n colour_n and_o salt_n which_o be_v to_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o grass_n wheat_n pulse_n and_o fruit._n that_o country_n which_o be_v by_o danubius_n do_v yield_v excellent_a wine_n even_o from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o five_o church_n to_o taurunus_n or_o belgrade_n but_o there_o be_v no_o oil_n and_o except_v that_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o all_o the_o gift_n of_o nature_n it_o have_v divers_a kind_n of_o live_a creature_n have_v such_o great_a plenty_n both_o of_o ox_n and_o sheep_n that_o great_a drove_n be_v carry_v into_o other_o country_n especial_o into_o italy_n and_o germany_n it_o have_v also_o abundance_n of_o wild_a beast_n as_o hare_n do_v goat_n heart_n wolf_n bear_n and_o the_o like_a and_o also_o great_a store_n of_o bird_n especial_o thrush_n partridge_n and_o pheasant_n the_o paeonian_o or_o pannonian_n do_v first_o inhabit_v this_o country_n afterward_o the_o goth_n who_o be_v expulse_v by_o the_o huns_n and_o the_o huns_n by_o the_o longobard_n who_o be_v seat_v here_o 13._o year_n but_o the_o huns_n come_v in_o again_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o captain_n attila_n after_o who_o death_n charles_n the_o great_a take_v it_o into_o his_o own_o possession_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 700._o the_o huns_n
middle_n of_o the_o mountain_n have_v the_o same_o breadth_n moreover_o the_o way_n in_o the_o uneven_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o valley_n be_v fortify_v with_o fence_n as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n require_v these_o way_n king_n gninacava_n who_o live_v not_o long_o since_o cause_v to_o to_o be_v cleanse_v and_o the_o ruinous_a wall_n to_o be_v repair_v and_o adorn_v otherwise_o the_o work_n be_v more_o ancient_a and_o there_o be_v place_v all_o along_o by_o the_o way_n side_n inn_n both_o fair_a and_o pleasant_a they_o call_v they_o tambi_n in_o which_o all_o the_o king_n train_n be_v receive_v and_o let_v this_o suffice_v concern_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o general_a now_o our_o method_n do_v require_v that_o we_o shall_v describe_v particular_o the_o part_n of_o europe_n which_o be_v set_v before_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o norhth-pole_n and_o a_o description_n of_o the_o country_n sitvate_v round_o about_o it_o have_v make_v courteous_a reader_n a_o general_n description_n of_o the_o whole_a globe_n and_o the_o four_o part_n thereof_o methodical_o and_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n i_o purpose_v in_o imitation_n of_o ptolemy_n the_o prince_n of_o cosmographer_n to_o begin_v the_o geography_n of_o particular_a country_n from_o the_o pole_n itself_o and_o the_o country_n lie_v round_o about_o it_o that_o so_o descend_v from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a part_n and_o proceed_v from_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n i_o may_v by_o degree_n join_v the_o north_n with_o the_o south_n and_o the_o west_n with_o the_o east_n which_o i_o pray_v god_n may_v be_v profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o pole_n be_v the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o axis_n which_o be_v a_o line_n draw_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o globe_n the_o latin_n call_v it_o vertex_fw-la there_o be_v two_o pole_n the_o northern_a and_o the_o southern_a the_o northern_a be_v that_o which_o be_v always_o behold_v towards_o the_o north_n and_o therefore_o also_o it_o be_v call_v the_o northern_a and_o bear_n arctic_n pole_n the_o southern_a be_v that_o which_o appear_v to_o those_o only_o which_o dwell_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v the_o meridional_a southern_a and_o call_v antarctic_a pole_n and_o thus_o much_o in_o this_o place_n shall_v suffice_v concern_v the_o pole_n i_o come_v to_o the_o country_n situate_v round_o about_o the_o arctic_a pole_n which_o be_v groenlandia_n or_o greeneland_n frizlandia_n or_o freesland_n nova_n zembla_n with_o some_o other_o of_o which_o we_o will_v entreat_v brief_o as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v know_v soil_n groenlandia_n or_o greeneland_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o greenness_n thereof_o &_o be_v a_o island_n for_o the_o most_o part_n yet_o unknown_a it_o be_v situate_a between_o the_o northern_a circle_n &_o the_o pole_n the_o far_a parallel_n thereof_o towards_o the_o south_n be_v the_o degree_n of_o 65_o and_o towards_o the_o north_n the_o degree_n of_o 78._o in_o this_o island_n if_o we_o believe_v nicolas_n zenetus_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1480._o endure_v much_o hard_a weather_n in_o the_o border_a sea_n there_o be_v continual_a winter_n for_o nine_o month_n all_o which_o time_n it_o do_v never_o rain_v there_o neither_o do_v the_o snow_n which_o fall_v at_o the_o beginning_n thereof_o melt_v until_o the_o end_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o harmful_a to_o the_o grass_n for_o here_o be_v a_o great_a increase_n both_o of_o grass_n and_o fodder_n therefore_o here_o be_v great_a store_n of_o milke-beast_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a plenty_n thereof_o so_o that_o they_o make_v store_n of_o butter_n and_o cheese_n which_o they_o sell_v to_o those_o they_o traffic_v withal_o there_o be_v only_o two_o inhabit_v place_n know_v unto_o we_o in_o groenland_n alba_n and_o the_o monastery_n of_o saint_n thomas_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v by_o and_o by_o the_o slow_a sea_n which_o be_v also_o call_v the_o freeze_a icy_a sea_n do_v touch_n upon_o greeneland_n there_o be_v in_o greeneland_n a_o monastery_n of_o the_o preach_a order_n and_o not_o far_o from_o it_o a_o fire-vomiting_a mountain_n like_o aetna_n at_o the_o foot_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o fountain_n of_o run_a water_n by_o who_o great_a heat_n the_o north-pole_n polus_n arcticus_n cum_fw-la vicinis_fw-la regionibus_fw-la they_o do_v not_o only_o make_v hot_a all_o the_o room_n of_o the_o monastery_n like_o a_o hothouse_n but_o also_o they_o bake_v their_o bread_n and_o dress_v their_o meat_n without_o the_o help_n of_o fire_n the_o whole_a fabric_n of_o the_o monastery_n do_v consist_v of_o brittle_a sandy_a stone_n which_o the_o mountain_n do_v cast_v forth_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o flame_n this_o fountain_n do_v warm_v the_o neighbour_n garden_n so_o that_o they_o continual_o flourish_v with_o divers_a kind_n of_o flower_n and_o herb_n and_o the_o sea_n near_o unto_o it_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o these_o water_n be_v never_o freeze_v but_o lie_v continual_o open_a both_o for_o the_o fish_n and_o the_o use_n of_o man_n which_o make_v so_o great_a a_o concourse_n of_o fish_n to_o resort_v hither_o from_o cold_a place_n that_o not_o only_o these_o monk_n freezland_n but_o also_o the_o inhabitant_n round_o about_o do_v live_v plentiful_o frislandia_n or_o freezland_n be_v a_o island_n altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n be_v great_a than_o ireland_n ireland_n the_o climate_n be_v very_o intemperate_a the_o inhabitant_n have_v no_o fruit_n but_o live_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o fish_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o have_v the_o same_o name_n with_o the_o island_n and_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n norway_n the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n live_v by_o fish_v for_o in_o the_o haven_n thereof_o so_o great_a a_o plenty_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o fish_n be_v take_v that_o many_o ship_n be_v load_v with_o they_o and_o so_o carry_v to_o the_o island_n lie_v near_o it_o as_o zieglerus_fw-la write_v the_o same_o man_n write_v that_o the_o sea_n next_o to_o the_o island_n on_o the_o west_n be_v full_a of_o rock_n and_o sand_n be_v call_v the_o icarean_a sea_n and_o the_o island_n in_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n icaria_n zembla_n this_o island_n in_o our_o time_n begin_v to_o be_v know_v again_o &_o that_o by_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o english_a nova_fw-la zembla_n be_v a_o island_n situate_v under_o the_o 76_o degree_n here_o the_o air_n be_v very_o sharp_a and_o the_o cold_a most_o vehement_a and_o intolerable_a it_o be_v a_o wild_a woodie_a and_o rugged_a country_n where_o neither_o leaf_n nor_o grass_n grow_v nor_o any_o live_a creature_n but_o those_o which_o live_v by_o flesh_n as_o fox_n and_o bear_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a store_n not_o only_o in_o this_o island_n but_o in_o most_o of_o the_o northern_a country_n there_o be_v sea-monster_n here_o who_o body_n do_v exceed_v the_o bigness_n of_o a_o ox_n and_o be_v common_o call_v walruschen_n they_o be_v head_v like_o a_o lion_n their_o skin_n hairy_a they_o have_v four_o foot_n and_o two_o tooth_n stick_v forth_o of_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o their_o mouth_n be_v smooth_a hard_a and_o white_a and_o be_v worth_a as_o much_o as_o elephant_n tooth_n the_o bay_n here_o be_v call_v weggates_o bay_a furbishers_n bay_n and_o davises_n bay_n weigate_v bay_n be_v streitch_v out_o towards_o the_o east_n even_o to_o the_o place_n call_v crucis_fw-la angulus_n towards_o the_o aerctapelietes_n to_o the_o place_n call_v dissidit_fw-la angulus_n a_o a_o little_a incline_v to_o the_o east_n on_o the_o southern_a side_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o weggat_n bay_n william_n barendson_n find_v some_o wild_a man_n call_v samiutae_n the_o shape_n of_o their_o clothes_n which_o they_o use_v be_v like_o that_o which_o our_o painter_n do_v bestow_v on_o woodman_n or_o satyr_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o wild_a man_n but_o endue_v with_o a_o good_a understanding_n they_o be_v clothe_v from_o head_n to_o foot_n with_o the_o skin_n of_o beast_n call_v rangiferi_fw-la for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v of_o inhabit_v low_a stature_n broad_o face_v small_a eye_v short_a and_o splay-footed_a and_o very_o nimble_a both_o to_o run_v and_o leap_v they_o have_v coach_n unto_o which_o they_o put_v one_o or_o two_o of_o these_o rangiferi_fw-la which_o will_v draw_v it_o with_o one_o or_o two_o man_n in_o it_o with_o more_o speed_n than_o any_o of_o our_o horse_n can_v do_v furbishers_n bay_n be_v so_o call_v from_o martin_n forbisher_n a_o english_a man_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1577._o seek_v a_o passage_n to_o cathaia_n by_o the_o north_n arrive_v at_o this_o bay_n in_o which_o he_o find_v both_o island_n and_o many_o man_n concern_v which_o we_o will_v add_v some_o thing_n the_o man_n thereof_o be_v
be_v vltonia_fw-la connacia_n media_n and_o part_n of_o lagenia_fw-la vltonia_fw-la ireland_n be_v describe_v in_o general_a i_o think_v it_o worth_a my_o labour_n before_o i_o come_v to_o a_o particular_a description_n of_o the_o several_a part_n first_o to_o make_v a_o division_n thereof_o ireland_n be_v divide_v into_o five_o part_n or_o province_n into_o lagenia_fw-la which_o be_v eastward_o be_v next_o to_o england_n connacia_n or_o connachtia_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o west_n vltonia_fw-la on_o the_o north_n side_n &_o momonia_n which_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o southern_a part_n the_o five_o part_n be_v call_v media_n which_o be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n be_v enclose_v with_o the_o rest_n in_o these_o five_o province_n there_o be_v many_o notable_a territory_n as_o lagenia_fw-la do_v include_v fingal_n offal_n leis_n ossir_n and_o ormund_n media_n contain_v slani_n four_o and_o delvin_n in_o connacia_n be_v contain_v clar_n in_o vltonia_fw-la be_v contain_v vril_n antriman_n lecal_n and_o treconch_v in_o momonia_n be_v include_v trippitate_v kerie_n cosmay_n desmond_n tomond_n and_o some_o other_o there_o be_v another_o division_n of_o ireland_n which_o we_o have_v touch_v in_o our_o general_a table_n which_o be_v diligent_o to_o be_v consider_v if_o any_o one_o desire_n to_o know_v the_o state_n of_o this_o country_n wherefore_o he_o must_v observe_v that_o ireland_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o english_a part_n and_o the_o irish_a part_n the_o latter_a the_o native_a irish_a do_v inhabit_v the_o former_a the_o englishman_n and_o that_o part_n in_o common_a speech_n be_v call_v the_o english_a province_n because_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v empald_v and_o environ_v with_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o english_a for_o after_o that_o the_o english_a have_v suppress_v the_o irish_a rebel_n have_v restore_v dermicius_fw-la to_o his_o country_n and_o kingdom_n they_o seat_v themselves_o and_o build_v themselves_o seat_n in_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o ireland_n afterward_o see_v that_o as_o it_o be_v certain_a island_n do_v part_v they_o from_o the_o subdue_a irish_a they_o call_v that_o part_n in_o which_o they_o place_v a_o colony_n the_o english_a province_n in_o this_o be_v contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o lagenia_fw-la and_o media_n and_o that_o part_n of_o vltonia_fw-la which_o be_v call_v vril_n but_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o lagenia_fw-la which_o be_v call_v fingal_n near_o to_o dublin_n on_o the_o north_n have_v the_o chief_a place_n and_o media_n be_v next_o to_o that_o but_o mercator_n use_v the_o same_o division_n which_o we_o make_v of_o it_o in_o the_o former_a table_n describe_v it_o in_o four_o table_n begin_v with_o vltonia_fw-la connacia_n media_n and_o part_n of_o lagenia_fw-la i_o will_v make_v a_o brief_a description_n of_o all_o these_o part_n in_o the_o same_o order_n as_o our_o author_n place_v they_o vltonia_fw-la offer_v itself_o in_o the_o first_o place_n this_o part_n of_o ireland_n be_v first_o call_v by_o the_o welsh_a vltun_n by_o the_o irish_a cui-guilli_a by_o the_o latin_n vltonia_fw-la and_o by_o the_o english_a ulster_n vltonia_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n it_o be_v part_v with_o the_o narrow_a sea_n boundâ—_n towards_o the_o south_n it_o stretch_v itself_o to_o connaught_n and_o lagenia_fw-la the_o the_o second_o table_n of_o ireland_n udrone_n east_n part_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o irish_a sea_n and_o the_o west_n part_n be_v beat_v with_o the_o great_a western_a ocean_n this_o country_n be_v near_o to_o scotland_n be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o scotch_a island_n which_o be_v call_v the_o hebrides_n and_o lie_v scatter_v in_o the_o sea_n between_o both_o kingdom_n which_o island_n the_o irish-scot_n the_o successor_n of_o the_o ancient_a scythian_n do_v inhabit_v it_o be_v round_o in_o form_n and_o in_o length_n from_o the_o haven_n coldagh_n in_o the_o north_n to_o kilmore_n in_o the_o south_n it_o be_v about_o a_o hundred_o mile_n and_o it_o be_v in_o breadth_n from_o black-abbey_n in_o the_o east_n to_o calebegh_n a_o western_a promontory_n a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o mile_n and_o more_o the_o whole_a circumference_n or_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v about_o four_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o mile_n form_n this_o country_n have_v seldom_o any_o intemperate_a weather_n for_o the_o sudden_a and_o fresh_a gale_n of_o wind_n do_v refrigerate_v and_o cool_v the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o soft_a and_o gentle_a reins_n do_v mitigate_v the_o cold_a of_o winter_n brief_o it_o be_v neither_o in_o the_o cold_a nor_o torrid_a zone_n the_o cloud_n be_v fair_a and_o clear_a and_o when_o they_o be_v most_o impure_a yet_o the_o wind_n continual_o drive_v they_o about_o do_v make_v the_o air_n wholesome_a air_n and_o at_o length_n quite_o dispel_v they_o the_o equal_a temper_n of_o the_o clime_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o soil_n do_v plentiful_o bring_v forth_o divers_a kind_n of_o tree_n some_o bear_a fruit_n and_o other_o for_o building_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o grass_n and_o fit_a for_o pasture_v very_o rich_a in_o horse_n and_o sheep_n and_o oxen._n the_o river_n be_v river_n as_o i_o may_v say_v double_o commodious_a be_v navigable_a to_o bring_v up_o vessel_n and_o bark_n and_o also_o be_v full_a of_o fish_n and_o very_a convenient_a for_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o other_o use_n among_o these_o the_o first_o be_v vinderius_fw-la which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o bay_n of_o knocfergus_fw-la from_o the_o town_n seat_v on_o it_o &_o from_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o haven_n which_o the_o english_a call_n knocfergus_fw-la the_o irish_a caregfergus_n that_o be_v fergus_n his_o rock_n which_o name_n it_o receive_v from_o 669._o fergusius_n who_o be_v drown_v there_o there_o be_v also_o banna_n which_o as_o giraldus_n say_v be_v a_o very_a fair_a river_n as_o the_o salmon_n name_n witness_v it_o run_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n eaugh_n and_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o ocean_n with_o a_o double_a channel_n it_o be_v full_a of_o salmon_n than_o any_o river_n in_o europe_n because_o as_o some_o think_v the_o water_n be_v so_o clear_a in_o which_o salmon_n do_v chief_o delight_v and_o there_o be_v the_o river_n logia_n which_o ptolemie_n mention_v and_o now_o be_v call_v lough_n foil_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n with_o a_o great_a stream_n there_o be_v many_o great_a lake_n in_o it_o in_o which_o be_v the_o lake_n eaugh_n which_o spread_v itself_o abroad_o from_o armaugh_n and_o on_o the_o east_n side_n be_v the_o wood_n kilulto_fw-la lake_n kilwarney_n and_o dyffrim_a into_o which_o the_o lake_n do_v so_o insinuate_v and_o wind_v in_o itself_o that_o it_o make_v two_o peninsula_n lecale_n towards_o the_o south_n &_o ard_n towards_o the_o north_n lecale_n run_v out_o far_a towards_o the_o east_n of_o any_o part_n of_o ireland_n &_o the_o far_a promontory_n thereof_o mariner_n do_v now_o call_v saint_n johns_n foreland_n ptolemy_n call_v it_o isanius_n perhaps_o from_o the_o british_a word_n isa_n which_o signify_v lowermost_a in_o the_o isthmus_n thereof_o stand_v dunam_fw-la faith_n which_o ptolemie_n mention_n now_o call_v down_o be_v a_o ancient_a town_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n ard_n lie_v over_o against_o it_o be_v divide_v from_o it_o by_o a_o little_a slip_n of_o land_n there_o be_v also_o lake_n of_o which_o we_o have_v make_v mention_n in_o our_o general_a table_n the_o country_n be_v shadow_v with_o great_a wood_n to_o speak_v in_o a_o word_n although_o it_o be_v barren_a in_o some_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o lake_n bogs_n &_o thick_a wood_n yet_o it_o be_v every_o where_o full_a of_o cattle_n &_o grass_n &_o at_o all_o time_n it_o abundant_o requite_v the_o labour_n of_o the_o husbandman_n nature_n be_v so_o little_a behold_v here_o to_o art_n or_o industry_n that_o the_o flourish_a bank_n of_o river_n embroider_v with_o flower_n the_o shady_a wood_n green_a meadow_n bend_v hill_n and_o field_n fit_a to_o bear_v corn_n if_o they_o be_v till_v do_v seem_v to_o be_v angry_a with_o the_o inhabitant_n because_o by_o their_o carelessness_n and_o negligence_n they_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v rude_a and_o wild_a the_o voluntii_n darni_n robogdii_n inhabitant_n and_o erdini_n in_o ptolemy_n time_n hold_v all_o this_o country_n who_o also_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o other_o part_n of_o ireland_n the_o special_a place_n in_o this_o country_n be_v armach_n near_o the_o river_n kalis_n which_o although_o it_o be_v not_o very_o fair_a yet_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n &_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n the_o irishman_n do_v fabulous_o report_v that_o it_o be_v call_v so_o from_o queen_n armacha_n but_o 66â—_n camden_n think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o same_o which_o beda_n call_v dearmach_n which_o signify_v in_o the_o scotch_a and_o irish_a language_n the_o field_n of_o redmen_n there_o be_v one_o archbishop_n in_o vltonia_fw-la who_o
this_o metropolitan_a be_v two_o archbishop_n the_o one_o at_o nâ—vogarais_n the_o great_a near_o the_o river_n lowâ—a_n the_o other_o at_o rodovia_n there_o be_v no_o university_n or_o college_n in_o all_o the_o empire_n of_o mâ—â—â—otia_n the_o muscovite_n be_v of_o the_o greek_a religion_n which_o they_o receive_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 987._o they_o suppose_v that_o the_o holy_a spirit_n be_v the_o three_o person_n in_o the_o trinity_n do_v proceed_v from_o the_o father_n alone_o they_o take_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n with_o leaven_a bread_n and_o permit_v the_o people_n to_o use_v the_o cup_n they_o believe_v not_o that_o priest_n dirge_n or_o the_o piety_n or_o godliness_n of_o kindred_n or_o friend_n can_v be_v avaleable_a to_o the_o dead_a and_o they_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o purgatory_n they_o read_v the_o scripture_n in_o their_o own_o language_n and_o do_v not_o deny_v the_o people_n the_o use_n thereof_o they_o have_v saint_n ambrose_n augustine_n hierome_n and_o gregory_n translate_v into_o the_o illyrian_a tongue_n and_o out_o of_o these_o as_o also_o out_o of_o chrysostome_n basil_n and_o nazianzenus_n the_o priest_n do_v public_o read_v homily_n instead_o of_o sermon_n for_o they_o hold_v it_o not_o convenient_a as_o jovius_n say_v to_o admit_v of_o those_o hood_a orator_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o preach_v too_o curious_o &_o subtle_o to_o the_o people_n concern_v divine_a matter_n because_o they_o think_v that_o the_o rude_a mind_n of_o the_o ignorant_a may_v soon_o attain_v to_o holiness_n and_o sanctity_n of_o life_n by_o plain_a doctrine_n than_o by_o deep_a interpretation_n and_o disputation_n of_o thing_n secret_a they_o make_v matrimonial_a contract_n and_o do_v permit_v bigamy_n but_o they_o scarce_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v lawful_a marriage_n they_o do_v not_o call_v it_o adultery_n unless_o one_o take_v and_o keep_v another_o man_n wife_n they_o be_v a_o crafty_a and_o deceitful_a nation_n diet._n and_o delight_v more_o in_o servitude_n than_o liberty_n for_o all_o do_v profess_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o duke_n servant_n the_o moscovite_n line_n rather_o prodigal_o than_o bountiful_o for_o their_o table_n be_v furnish_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o luxurious_a meat_n that_o can_v be_v desire_v and_o yet_o not_o costly_a for_o they_o sell_v a_o cock_n and_o a_o duck_n oftentimes_o for_o one_o little_a single_a piece_n of_o silver_n their_o more_o delicate_a provision_n be_v get_v by_o hunt_v and_o hawk_v as_o with_o we_o traffic_n they_o have_v no_o wine_n make_v in_o the_o country_n and_o therefore_o they_o drink_v that_o which_o be_v bring_v thither_o and_o that_o only_a at_o feast_n and_o banquet_n they_o have_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o beer_n which_o they_o cool_v in_o summer_n by_o cast_v in_o piece_n of_o ice_n and_o some_o delight_n in_o the_o juice_n press_v out_o of_o sour_a cherry_n which_o have_v as_o clear_v and_o pure_a a_o colour_n and_o as_o pleasant_a a_o taste_n as_o any_o wine_n the_o moscovite_n do_v send_v into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n excellent_a hemp_n and_o flax_n for_o rope-making_a many_o oxe-hides_a and_o great_a store_n of_o wax_n the_o dukedom_n of_o lithvania_n samogitia_n blacke-russia_n and_o volhinia_n some_z will_v have_v lithuania_n so_o call_v from_o the_o latin_a word_n lituus_fw-la that_o be_v a_o hunter_n horn_n because_o that_o country_n do_v use_n much_o haunt_v â—â—â—â—lled_v which_o opinion_n mathias_n a_o michou_n reject_v and_o deliver_v another_o concern_v the_o etymology_n thereof_o for_o he_o say_v that_o certain_a italian_n forsake_v italy_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o roman_a dissension_n enter_v into_o lithuania_n call_v the_o country_n italy_n and_o the_o nation_n italian_n and_o that_o the_o shepherd_n begin_v first_o to_o call_v it_o litalia_n and_o the_o nation_n litalians_n by_o prefix_v one_o letter_n but_o the_o ruthenian_o or_o russian_n and_o the_o polonian_n their_o neighbour_n change_v the_o word_n more_o at_o this_o day_n do_v call_v the_o country_n lithuania_n situation_n and_o the_o people_n lithuanian_n it_o be_v a_o very_a large_a country_n and_o next_o to_o moschovia_n it_o have_v on_o the_o east_n that_o part_n of_o russia_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovy_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v podlassia_n masovia_n poland_n and_o somewhat_o towards_o the_o north_n it_o bound_n on_o borussia_n but_o full_a north_n it_o look_v towards_o livonia_n and_o samogitia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n towards_o podolia_n and_o volâ—â—nia_n soil_n the_o air_n here_o be_v cold_a and_o the_o winter_n sharp_a here_o be_v much_o wax_n and_o honey_n which_o the_o wild_a bee_n do_v make_v in_o the_o wood_n and_o also_o much_o pitch_n this_o country_n also_o afford_v abundance_n of_o corn_n but_o the_o harvest_n seldom_o come_v to_o maturity_n and_o ripeness_n it_o have_v no_o wine_n but_o that_o which_o be_v bring_v hither_o from_o foreign_a country_n nor_o salt_n but_o such_o as_o they_o buy_v and_o fetch_v out_o of_o britain_n it_o bring_v forth_o live_v creature_n of_o all_o kind_n but_o small_a of_o growth_n in_o the_o wood_n of_o this_o country_n there_o be_v beast_n call_v by_o the_o latin_v vri_n and_o other_o call_v alces_fw-la beside_o buff_n wild_a horse_n wild_a ass_n heart_n do_v 〈…〉_o goat_n boar_n bear_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o such_o other_o here_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o bird_n and_o especial_o of_o linnet_n beside_o in_o this_o country_n and_o moscovia_n there_o be_v a_o ravenous_a devour_a beast_n call_v rossemaka_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o dog_n in_o face_n like_o a_o cat_n in_o the_o body_n and_o tail_n resemble_v a_o fox_n and_o be_v of_o a_o black_a colour_n the_o nation_n of_o the_o lithuanian_n in_o former_a year_n be_v so_o unknown_a and_o despise_v by_o the_o russian_n government_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o kiovia_n do_v require_v nothing_o from_o they_o but_o corketree_n and_o certain_a garment_n as_o a_o sign_n of_o their_o subjection_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o poverty_n and_o the_o barrenness_n of_o their_o soil_n until_o vithenes_n captain_n of_o the_o lithuanian_n grow_v strong_o do_v not_o only_o deny_v tribute_n but_o have_v bring_v the_o prince_n of_o russia_n into_o subjection_n compel_v they_o to_o pay_v tribute_n his_o successor_n do_v invade_v the_o neighbour_n nation_n and_o by_o hostile_a and_o sudden_a incursion_n do_v spoil_v they_o until_o the_o teutonick_n order_n of_o the_o cross_n begin_v to_o war_n against_o they_o and_o to_o oppress_v they_o which_o the_o dukedom_n of_o lithvania_n lithuania_n they_o do_v even_o to_o the_o day_n of_o olgerdus_n and_o keystutus_n captain_n of_o the_o lithuanian_n but_o at_o last_o â—agello_n who_o afterward_o be_v call_v vlaâ—â—slaus_n be_v make_v great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n this_o man_n be_v oftentimes_o oppress_v by_o those_o of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o by_o christian_a army_n do_v at_o last_o incline_v to_o the_o polander_n and_o have_v 〈…〉_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o marry_v hedingiâ—_n the_o queen_n of_o polonia_n he_o be_v make_v king_n of_o polonia_n commit_v the_o government_n of_o the_o country_n of_o lithuania_n to_o his_o cousin_n german_a skirgellon_fw-mi as_o to_o the_o supreme_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o lithuania_n be_v now_o divide_v into_o ten_o special_a palatinate_n or_o province_n city_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a city_n vilna_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v vilenski_n but_o the_o german_n common_o die_v wild_a it_o be_v build_v at_o the_o confluence_n or_o meeting_n of_o vilia_fw-la and_o vilna_n by_o duke_n gediminus_n in_o the_o year_n 1305_o and_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n subject_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o leopolis_n and_o also_o of_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o russia_n who_o have_v seven_o bishop_n under_o he_o that_o be_v of_o the_o greek_a religion_n as_o the_o bishop_n of_o polocia_n volodomiria_n luca_n in_o volhinia_n luckzo_n pinsca_n near_o to_o the_o river_n pripetus_n kiovia_n praemislia_n and_o lepolus_n vilna_n or_o wilna_n be_v a_o populous_a large_a and_o famous_a city_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o gate_n which_o be_v never_o shut_v the_o church_n thereof_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v build_v of_o stone_n and_o some_o of_o wood_n there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o curious_a monastery_n of_o the_o bernardines_n be_v a_o famous_a structure_n of_o square_a stone_n as_o also_o the_o hall_n of_o the_o ruthenian_o in_o which_o they_o sell_v their_o commodity_n which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o moscovia_n the_o second_o palatinate_n be_v the_o procensian_a the_o town_n whereof_o be_v grodna_n by_o the_o river_n cronus_n where_o stephen_n king_n of_o poland_n die_v and_o lawna_n at_o the_o confluence_n of_o cronus_n and_o villia_n or_o willia_n also_o kowno_n jada_n and_o vpita_n the_o
three_o palatinate_n be_v the_o minscensian_a wherein_o be_v the_o city_n minsko_fw-mi and_o the_o castle_n â—â—â—lanaw_fw-mi also_o radoscowice_n borissow_n lawisko_n or_o liwsko_n swisloâ—z_n bobreisko_n and_o odruck_v the_o four_o palatinate_n be_v the_o novogrodian_a in_o which_o be_v novogrodeck_n a_o large_a city_n and_o build_v of_o wood_n also_o slonim_n wolkowiâ—z_n and_o many_o other_o town_n the_o five_o palatinate_n be_v the_o briestian_a so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n briesti_n be_v large_a and_o build_v of_o wood_n and_o here_o be_v the_o city_n of_o pinsko_n the_o sixth_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o volhinia_n in_o which_o be_v luezko_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n also_o voladamire_n and_o kerzemenesia_n the_o seven_o palatinate_n be_v kiovia_n in_o which_o there_o be_v heretofore_o a_o large_a and_o ancient_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n seat_v by_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n as_o the_o ruin_n which_o lie_v six_o mile_n in_o length_n do_v easy_o demonstrate_v there_o be_v also_o the_o town_n circasia_n or_o kerkew_n kamova_n and_o moser_n the_o eight_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o miceslow_n near_o to_o the_o river_n sosa_fw-la and_o borysthenes_n in_o the_o border_n of_o moscovie_n wherein_o be_v the_o town_n of_o miceslaw_n dubrowna_n 〈◊〉_d and_o sklow_n beside_o mohilow_n byâ—how_v â—â—czycza_fw-it and_o strissin_n with_o their_o castle_n the_o nine_o palatinate_n be_v the_o witebscian_a in_o which_o be_v the_o city_n witebsk_v situate_v by_o the_o river_n duna_n and_o orsa_n near_o borysthenes_n the_o ten_o palatinate_n be_v the_o polocensian_a which_o be_v so_o call_v from_o poloteska_n a_o city_n lie_v near_o to_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o river_n polota_n and_o duna_n between_o witsbek_n and_o livonia_n there_o be_v also_o the_o town_n disna_n drissa_n and_o drâ—â—â—a_n with_o their_o castle_n these_o thing_n be_v explain_v let_v we_o speak_v something_o of_o the_o river_n of_o lithuania_n on_o the_o east_n side_n lithuania_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o river_n oscol_n râ—â—eâ—s_n ingra_n and_o the_o lesser_a tanais_n all_o which_o with_o many_o other_o do_v run_v into_o great_a tanais_n there_o be_v also_o in_o lithuania_n the_o river_n borysthenes_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o plain_a marish_a ground_n and_o run_v through_o russia_n do_v vent_v itself_o at_o last_o into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n and_o the_o river_n wilia_n and_o niemen_n the_o latter_a whereof_o run_v a_o great_a way_n with_o a_o very_a crooked_a wind_a stream_n and_o at_o last_o disburthen_n itself_o into_o the_o prutenick_n or_o finish_v sea_n also_o duina_n and_o other_o river_n beside_o lake_n and_o stand_v water_n of_o which_o the_o country_n be_v full_a and_o all_o these_o do_v afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n which_o be_v very_o delectable_a &_o pleasant_a in_o taste_n moreover_o the_o country_n be_v cover_v with_o very_o great_a and_o spacious_a wood_n sigismond_n that_o happy_a and_o auspicious_a king_n of_o poland_n wood_n do_v unite_v the_o palatine_n and_o castellan_n of_o the_o province_n of_o lithuania_n into_o one_o body_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n with_o the_o polander_n and_o do_v design_n a_o certain_a place_n and_o order_n in_o the_o senate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n senator_n to_o all_o the_o noble_a man_n bishop_n and_o palatine_n of_o this_o country_n so_o that_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o province_n unite_v unto_o it_o there_o be_v in_o the_o senate_n fifteen_o bishop_n one_o and_o thirty_o palatine_n thirty_o of_o the_o great_a castellan_n or_o governor_n of_o castle_n and_o fifty_o of_o the_o less_o beside_o those_o who_o be_v call_v the_o official_o of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o the_o marshal_n the_o chancellor_n the_o vicechancellor_n and_o the_o treasurer_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o the_o description_n of_o poland_n manner_n marriage_n among_o the_o lithuanian_n be_v easy_o dissolve_v by_o mutual_a consent_n and_o they_o marry_v again_o and_o again_o the_o wife_n have_v open_o men-concubine_n by_o their_o husband_n permission_n who_o they_o call_v connubij_fw-la adjutores_fw-la i_o helper_n in_o marriage_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a for_o man_n to_o follow_v whore_n be_v count_v a_o reproach_n when_o any_o one_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v he_o be_v command_v to_o punish_v himself_o and_o to_o hang_v himself_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v he_o be_v threaten_v and_o beat_v with_o stripe_n until_o he_o kill_v himself_o their_o flock_n do_v afford_v they_o great_a store_n of_o milk_n for_o their_o food_n the_o common_a bread_n which_o they_o use_v be_v very_o black_a food_n be_v make_v of_o rye_n or_o barley_n together_o with_o the_o bran_n but_o the_o rich_a man_n bread_n be_v very_o white_a be_v bake_v and_o make_v of_o pure_a wheat_n they_o seldom_o use_v any_o wine_n for_o the_o common_a people_n drink_v water_n and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o ability_n drink_v ale_n which_o they_o brew_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o corn_n as_o wheat_n rye_n barley_n oates_n and_o millet_n but_o such_o as_o be_v unsavoury_a they_o have_v abundance_n of_o thick_a and_o thin_a mede_n boil_a in_o divers_a manner_n and_o with_o it_o they_o make_v themselves_o merry_a and_o oftentimes_o drink_v lithuania_n seem_v almost_o to_o be_v inaccessible_a as_o be_v almost_o all_o overflow_v with_o water_n but_o in_o winter_n there_o be_v more_o convenient_a traffic_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o way_n be_v make_v passable_a for_o merchant_n the_o lake_n and_o stand_a water_n be_v freeze_v over_o with_o you_o and_o spread_v over_o with_o snow_n their_o chief_a wealth_n be_v the_o skin_n of_o beast_n as_o of_o weesill_n fox_n and_o those_o which_o be_v more_o precious_a as_o martens_n and_o scythian_a weesill_n commodity_n of_o these_o they_o make_v a_o great_a profit_n as_o also_o of_o their_o wax_n honey_n ash_n and_o pitch_n the_o best_a wainscot_n be_v cut_v here_o and_o bring_v into_o germany_n through_o the_o balthick_n and_o german_n sea_n and_o out_o of_o this_o country_n all_o wooden_a architecture_n both_o public_a and_o private_a through_o all_o germany_n and_o the_o low_a country_n be_v make_v as_o also_o for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o wooden_a housholdstuffe_n as_o belong_v to_o house_n but_o enough_o of_o luthuania_n we_o will_v now_o add_v something_o concern_v the_o rest_n there_o follow_v in_o our_o title_n samogitia_n which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v the_o low_a land_n the_o russian_n call_v it_o samotzekasemla_n name_n it_o be_v a_o northern_a country_n and_o very_o large_a be_v next_o to_o lithuania_n and_o environ_v with_o wood_n and_o rivers_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v livonia_n on_o the_o west_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o balthick_n or_o german_a sea_n which_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o balthick_n bay_fw-mi and_o towards_o the_o northwest_o borussia_n join_v unto_o it_o it_o abound_v with_o the_o best_a white_a soil_n and_o pure_a honey_n which_o be_v find_v in_o every_o hollow_a tree_n it_o have_v no_o town_n nor_o castle_n manner_n the_o noble_n live_v in_o lodge_n the_o country_n people_n in_o cottage_n the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n be_v of_o a_o great_a and_o large_a stature_n food_n rude_a in_o behaviour_n living_n spare_o drink_v water_n and_o seldom_o any_o drink_n or_o mede_n they_o know_v not_o until_o of_o late_a the_o use_n of_o gold_n brass_n iron_n or_o wine_n it_o be_v lawful_a with_o they_o for_o one_o man_n to_o have_v many_o wife_n and_o their_o father_n be_v dead_a to_o marry_v their_o stepmother_n or_o the_o brother_n be_v dead_a to_o marry_v his_o wife_n the_o nation_n be_v much_o incline_v to_o fortune_n tell_v and_o southsay_v the_o god_n which_o they_o chief_o adore_v in_o samogitia_n be_v the_o fire_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v holy_a and_o everlasting_a and_o therefore_o on_o the_o top_n of_o some_o high_a mountain_n the_o priest_n do_v continual_o cherish_v and_o keep_v it_o in_o by_o put_v wood_n unto_o it_o in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v russia_n russia_n by_o which_o name_n in_o this_o place_n we_o understand_v the_o southern_a or_o blacke-russia_n who_o chief_a country_n be_v leopolis_n or_o lemburg_n build_v by_o leo_n a_o moscovite_n it_o be_v famous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o mart_n keep_v there_o and_o the_o bishop_n seat_n leopolis_n beside_o the_o country_n of_o leopolis_n there_o be_v three_o other_o in_o this_o russia_n to_o wit_n the_o country_n of_o halycz_n belz_n and_o praemislia_n in_o the_o four_o place_n be_v volhinia_n volhinia_n which_o be_v situate_a between_o lithuania_n podolia_n and_o russia_n soil_n it_o abound_v with_o fruit_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v strong_a and_o warlike_a and_o do_v use_v the_o ruthenian_a language_n this_o country_n do_v pertain_v once_o to_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n but_o now_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o kingdom_n
long_a catalogue_n of_o gentleman_n and_o divers_a order_n of_o knight_n as_o in_o castle_n knight_n of_o the_o order_n of_o saint_n 984._o james_n of_o 1183._o alcantara_n of_o order_n calatrava_n and_o of_o the_o order_n of_o saint_n john_n in_o arragon_n and_o catalonia_n knight_n of_o the_o order_n of_o montesa_n in_o portugal_n knight_n of_o the_o order_n of_o 1321._o jesus_n christ_n whereof_o the_o king_n be_v the_o master_n be_v very_o great_a and_o have_v all_o the_o province_n which_o be_v find_v out_o in_o africa_n asia_n or_o america_n annex_v unto_o it_o but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o if_o we_o observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o of_o all_o the_o family_n in_o spain_n the_o ancient_a be_v the_o paciecian_a family_n for_o hirtius_n in_o his_o commentary_n make_v mention_v of_o l._n junius_n paciecus_fw-la in_o that_o place_n where_o he_o entreat_v of_o corduba_n as_o also_o cicero_n in_o the_o 6_o the_o book_n of_o his_o familiar_a epistle_n to_o wit_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o lepta_n these_o follow_a family_n be_v also_o very_o noble_a and_o illustrious_a to_o wit_n the_o meridonian_a toletane_a cerdean_n cardonean_a larensian_a velascean_a gusmanean_a pimentellane_n stunican_n henritican_n oriosian_a cordubentian_a limensian_a and_o the_o mondragonian_a family_n to_o which_o we_o desire_v other_o to_o add_v other_o and_o crave_v pardon_v if_o we_o mistake_v their_o place_n in_o rank_v of_o they_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o politic_a state_n and_o government_n the_o ecclesiastical_a follow_v the_o church_n of_o hispalis_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n the_o primate_n and_o chief_a of_o spain_n and_o afterward_o the_o church_n of_o toledo_n until_o that_o great_a overthrow_n and_o devastation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o toledo_n come_v into_o the_o barbarian_n hand_n the_o bishopric_n of_o bacara_fw-la have_v that_o dignity_n but_o when_o be_v recover_v by_o the_o christian_n the_o toledan_a bishopric_n seek_v its_o former_a dignity_n and_o the_o baracensian_a to_o retain_v what_o it_o have_v get_v there_o arise_v a_o contention_n as_o we_o may_v read_v lib._n 1._o decretal_a so_o that_o the_o matter_n be_v yet_o undetermined_a moreover_o vasaeus_n in_o chronico_fw-la 1_o o_fw-la cap._n 20o._o show_v who_o be_v precedent_n in_o spain_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o goth_n but_o after_o spain_n be_v recover_v again_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o barbarian_n the_o bishopricke_n with_o their_o ancient_a city_n be_v restore_v and_o some_o new_o institute_v we_o read_v that_o spain_n have_v at_o this_o day_n seven_o archbishop_n and_o 41_o suffragan_n bishop_n subordinate_a to_o they_o the_o first_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n chancellor_n of_o castille_n who_o next_o unto_o the_o king_n and_o his_o progeny_n be_v the_o great_a man_n in_o dignity_n and_o wealth_n the_o bishop_n that_o do_v obey_v he_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o burgos_n who_o seaâ—e_n be_v heretofore_o at_o aura_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v auritanus_n episcopatus_fw-la and_o corrupt_o in_o some_o counsel_n and_o other_o public_a act_n auxitanus_n but_o be_v after_o translate_v from_o thence_o to_o burgos_n the_o metropolis_n of_o old_a castille_n by_o alphonsus_n the_o sixth_o who_o restore_v toledo_n to_o the_o christian_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o pope_n vrban_n the_o second_o in_o the_o year_n 1097._o also_o the_o bishop_n of_o cuena_n the_o bishop_n of_o osma_n call_v common_o episcopus_fw-la oxmensis_n and_o corrupt_o in_o counsel_n oxomensis_n the_o bishop_n of_o corduba_n who_o bishopric_n be_v most_o ancient_a and_o famous_a by_o mean_n of_o osius_n once_o bishop_n thereof_o the_o bishop_n of_o jaenensia_n palentia_n and_o segovia_n the_o second_o be_v the_o archbishopricke_n of_o hispalis_n under_o which_o there_o be_v heretofore_o eleven_o bishopric_n though_o there_o be_v now_o but_o three_o namely_o of_o malaga_n gades_n and_o the_o canary_n isles_n the_o three_o be_v the_o archbishopric_n of_o compostella_n the_o seat_n of_o this_o bishop_n be_v heretofore_o iria_n flavia_n a_o sea-towne_n of_o gallicia_n and_o common_o call_v padron_n but_o be_v afterward_o translate_v to_o compostella_n it_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v the_o bishopric_n of_o compostella_n or_o of_o saint_n james_n under_o which_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o coria_n placentia_n asturia_n gamora_n salmantica_n orense_n or_o auria_n tude_n or_o tyde_n a_o town_n of_o gallicia_n seat_v by_o the_o river_n minius_n and_o common_o call_v tuy_n the_o bishop_n of_o badaios_n which_o be_v now_o call_v episcopus_fw-la pacensis_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o mindonia_n who_o seat_n be_v heretofore_o ribadeum_n common_o call_v mandonnedo_n the_o four_o archbishop_n be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o granada_n under_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o almeria_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o guadix_fw-la heretofore_o call_v episcopus_fw-la accitanus_n for_o that_o which_o heretofore_o be_v call_v acce_n be_v now_o call_v guadix_fw-la the_o five_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o valentia_n under_o which_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o carthage_n orignella_n segobrica_n whih_o be_v now_o call_v segorbia_n and_o majorca_n the_o sixth_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o tarraconia_n under_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o ilerda_n common_o call_v lerida_n tortosa_n herlua_n barcinon_n genida_n vrgella_n and_o which_fw-mi last_o the_o seven_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o caesar_n augusta_n who_o have_v under_o he_o the_o bishop_n of_o pampilona_n calagurris_n osca_n and_o balbastro_n the_o bishop_n of_o leo_n and_o oviedo_n be_v subject_a to_o none_o portugal_n have_v three_o archbishop_n namely_o of_o bracara_n olisipona_fw-la or_o lisbon_n and_o funchala_n under_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o ebora_n visca_n guarda_fw-it conimbrica_n porta_n lamego_n silua_n cepta_fw-la and_o leria_n concern_v the_o other_o bishop_n you_o may_v consult_v with_o vasaeus_n l._n marinaeus_n siculuâ—_n damianus_n a_o go_v and_o other_o who_o do_v curious_o observe_v and_o note_v what_o be_v the_o revenue_n which_o belong_v to_o every_o bishopric_n as_o also_o to_o abbey_n and_o monastery_n those_o who_o belong_v to_o the_o inquisition_n be_v of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n they_o be_v first_o institute_v and_o ordain_v to_o examine_v the_o moor_n saracen_n &_o jew_n but_o afterward_o in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o begin_v to_o extend_v their_o power_n and_o authority_n over_o all_o that_o be_v not_o of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o religion_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v note_v the_o academy_n or_o university_n in_o spain_n which_o be_v about_o two_o &_o twenty_o the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v salamanca_n compludo_fw-la conimbrica_n or_o conimbra_n pincia_n saganta_n osca_n and_o lerida_n the_o spaniard_n have_v happy_a wit_n yet_o do_v they_o learn_v or_o study_v little_a because_o they_o think_v themselves_o learned_a when_o they_o be_v not_o they_o love_v the_o craft_n and_o subtlenes_n of_o sophister_n in_o the_o university_n they_o speak_v spanish_n more_o than_o latin_a mingle_v their_o speech_n with_o many_o word_n belong_v to_o the_o moor_n they_o seldom_o leave_v any_o offspring_n or_o monument_n of_o their_o wit_n to_o their_o own_o posterity_n much_o less_o to_o stranger_n in_o regard_n their_o language_n be_v defective_a yet_o there_o have_v be_v and_o be_v some_o learned_a man_n who_o by_o their_o excellent_a learned_a work_n and_o writing_n have_v grace_v their_o country_n and_o make_v it_o famous_a unto_o other_o nation_n if_o we_o seek_v for_o divine_n there_o will_v come_v forth_o vigilantius_n priest_n of_o barcinon_n aquilius_n severus_n prudentius_n bishop_n of_o armentia_n osius_n of_o corduba_n avitus_n a_o priest_n marcianus_n bishop_n of_o barcelona_n paulus_n orosius_n pacianus_n and_o his_o son_n dexter_n audentius_n isidorus_n the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o apocalyps_n justinianius_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o church_n of_o valentia_n leander_n bishop_n of_o hispalis_n martinius_n the_o precedent_n of_o mandova_n fulgentius_n the_o bishop_n of_o carthage_n eladius_fw-la the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n isidorus_n bishop_n of_o hispalis_n john_n bishop_n of_o gerunda_n eutropius_n valentinus_n and_o franciscus_n ximenes_n cardinal_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o father_n of_o the_o university_n of_o compludo_fw-la who_o cause_v the_o holy_a bible_n to_o be_v print_v in_o divers_a language_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o complutensian_a bible_n if_o we_o seek_v for_o those_o which_o have_v be_v skilful_a in_o the_o canon_n law_n we_o shall_v find_v bernardus_n of_o compostella_n raymundus_n de_fw-fr pennya_n forti_fw-la and_o hugo_n barcinonensis_fw-la if_o for_o other_o lawyer_n we_o shall_v find_v pope_n calixtus_n the_o three_o gomezius_n didacus_n covarruvias_n and_o antonius_n augustinus_n archbishop_n of_o tarraconia_n a_o man_n very_o learned_a and_o skilful_a in_o the_o roman_a antiquity_n if_o we_o inquire_v for_o physician_n we_o shall_v meet_v with_o avicen_n averro_n rasis_fw-la almanca_n and_o messahallah_n if_o for_o historian_n we_o shall_v find_v trogus_n pompeius_n justine_n and_o other_o if_o
of_o grenoble_n and_o of_o roman_n four_o the_o archbishop_n of_o aix_n under_o who_o there_o be_v five_o bishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o ap_n of_o freâ—ul_a of_o sesteron_fw-gr of_o ever_o be_v and_o of_o vapinte_n five_o the_o archbishop_n of_o arclatum_n or_o arles_n under_o who_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o massilia_n of_o vasison_n of_o tricaste_n of_o cavallion_n of_o avignon_n of_o orange_n of_o carpentras_n and_o of_o tollon_n the_o archbishop_n of_o lion_n and_o primate_n of_o all_o france_n have_v his_o residence_n in_o the_o city_n of_o lion_n and_o have_v four_o suffragan_a bishop_n under_o he_o as_o the_o bishop_n of_o autun_n of_o mascon_n of_o chalon_n by_o the_o river_n saone_v and_o of_o langres_n provincia_n or_o provence_n hitherto_o we_o have_v describe_v aquitania_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arelatum_n provincia_n follow_v call_v this_o most_o excellent_a part_n of_o france_n from_o beyond_o rhodanus_n even_o to_o the_o river_n garumna_n be_v call_v provincia_n because_o the_o roman_n many_o year_n before_o the_o nativity_n of_o christ_n do_v reduce_v it_o into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o province_n which_o name_n it_o still_o retain_v in_o a_o small_a portion_n thereof_o wherein_o be_v massilia_n and_o aquae_n sextiae_n by_o way_n of_o excellency_n to_o declare_v that_o it_o have_v pre-eminence_n both_o in_o order_n and_o dignity_n above_o all_o the_o province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n dauphin_n lie_v near_o to_o provincia_n on_o the_o north_n side_n situation_n be_v part_v from_o it_o with_o the_o mountain_n common_o call_v the_o mountain_n of_o velay_n and_o by_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o river_n drueâ—â—ius_n or_o durance_n run_v between_o it_o be_v enclose_v on_o the_o east_n side_n by_o the_o alps_n and_o the_o river_n varus_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n bank_n whereof_o stand_v the_o town_n nicaea_n where_o italy_n begin_v on_o the_o south_n the_o french_a sea_n beat_v on_o it_o and_o the_o western_a bound_n of_o it_o be_v partly_o the_o principality_n of_o arausio_n or_o orange_n and_o the_o county_n of_o avenio_n or_o avignon_n which_o do_v former_o belong_v unto_o it_o though_o now_o they_o appertain_v to_o other_o prince_n and_o partly_o the_o whole_a river_n rhodanus_n as_o far_o as_o lion_n and_o arclatum_n belong_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o languedock_n air_n the_o air_n here_o be_v gentle_a mild_a and_o very_o pure_a the_o country_n do_v produce_v not_o only_o excellent_a corn_n but_o also_o fruit_n with_o little_a labour_n or_o tillage_n soil_n and_o here_o be_v as_o great_a plenty_n of_o rason_n and_o fig_n as_o may_v furnish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n here_o be_v such_o great_a store_n of_o rosemary_n juniper-berry_n chess_n nut_n pome-citterne_n lemon_n orange_n saffron_n rice_n and_o the_o like_a as_o if_o the_o horn_n of_o plenty_n be_v pour_v forth_o upon_o this_o country_n the_o vine_n yield_v excellent_a rich_a wine_n here_o and_o the_o soil_n be_v every_o where_o very_o good_a and_o fruitful_a concern_v the_o ancient_a earl_n of_o provincia_n some_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v note_v we_o read_v in_o ancient_a annal_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ludovicus_n the_o eigth_n king_n of_o france_n raymundus_n berengarius_fw-la be_v earle_n of_o provence_n and_o that_o charles_n earl_n of_o anjou_n government_n and_o son_n to_o the_o afterward_o king_n ludovicus_n do_v marry_v beatrice_n his_o only_a daughter_n and_o heir_n &_o by_o that_o mean_v get_v this_o country_n after_o he_o succeed_v charles_n surname_v the_o lame_a be_v prince_n of_o salernum_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n after_o he_o his_o son_n robert_n succeed_v be_v duke_n of_o calabria_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n and_o after_o he_o his_o grandchild_n joane_n who_o father_n charles_n duke_n of_o calabria_n be_v dead_a before_o for_o by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o this_o robert_n she_o be_v make_v queen_n of_o naples_n and_o countess_n of_o provence_n this_o woman_n that_o she_o may_v be_v revenge_v on_o her_o adversary_n do_v adopt_v ludovicus_n of_o anjou_n son_n to_o john_n king_n of_o france_n and_o leave_v he_o her_o successor_n both_o in_o other_o principality_n and_o also_o in_o this_o county_n after_o this_o ludovicus_n his_o son_n ludovicus_n the_o second_o be_v make_v earl_n and_o next_o after_o he_o his_o son_n ludovicus_n the_o three_o who_o be_v also_o adopt_v by_o joane_n the_o second_o queen_n of_o naples_n to_o be_v king_n of_o sicily_n and_o duke_n of_o calabria_n this_o ludovicus_n have_v no_o issue_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a joane_n institute_v his_o brother_n renatus_n to_o be_v successor_n in_o those_o principality_n and_o he_o be_v unwilling_a to_o resign_v his_o right_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o the_o county_n of_o provence_n to_o renatus_n duke_n of_o lotharingia_n his_o nephew_n do_v pass_v it_o over_o unto_o his_o brother_n charles_n earl_n of_o maine_n who_o make_v his_o son_n charles_n die_v ludovicus_n the_o eleven_o king_n of_o france_n his_o heir_n some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o renatus_n make_v he_o heir_n after_o charles_n by_o his_o last_o will_n although_o renatus_n duke_n of_o lotharingia_n do_v just_o expostulate_v with_o he_o concern_v the_o same_o here_o dwell_v heretofore_o the_o salyi_n the_o aquense_n the_o arelatense_n the_o sextani_n the_o sentij_fw-la the_o ebroduntij_fw-la the_o dinienses_n the_o vesdiantij_fw-la the_o sanicienses_n the_o nerucij_n the_o vencienses_n the_o vulgientes_n the_o aptense_n the_o reienses_n the_o ostaviani_n the_o commoni_n the_o foro-iulienses_a the_o segestorij_fw-la the_o albici_n the_o oxubij_fw-la the_o deciates_n and_o other_o there_o be_v in_o provence_n under_o the_o aquensian_a parliament_n beside_o many_o town_n of_o no_o small_a note_n two_o city_n which_o have_v archbishop_n and_o eleven_o that_o have_v bishop_n in_o they_o the_o archiepiscopall_a city_n be_v aquae_n sextiae_n and_o arelatum_n the_o latin_n paterculus_n solinus_n and_o other_o do_v call_v the_o first_o aquae_n sextiae_n colonia_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o c._n marius_n sextilia_n the_o itinerarie_a table_n aquae_fw-la sestiae_n the_o inscription_n of_o a_o stone_n at_o lion_n near_o to_o s._n benedict_v church_n colonia_n julia_n aquae_n last_o a_o certain_a ancient_a inscription_n and_o vespasian_n coin_n colonia_n julia_n aquae_fw-la sexiae_fw-la legio_n 25._o it_o be_v call_v aquae_n because_o there_o be_v bath_n of_o hot_a water_n whence_o also_o it_o be_v now_o call_v aix_n and_o it_o be_v call_v sextiae_n from_o c._n sextius_n who_o be_v consul_n in_o the_o year_n from_o the_o build_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n 630._o for_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o salyi_n build_v this_o city_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v place_v a_o roman_a garrison_n therein_o and_o that_o he_o may_v drive_v the_o barbarian_n from_o those_o coast_n which_o open_v a_o way_n from_o massilia_n into_o italy_n see_v the_o massilian_n be_v not_o able_a to_o suppress_v they_o you_o may_v read_v livy_n lib._n 61._o from_o the_o 10._o cap._n but_o concern_v the_o same_o it_o be_v call_v julia_n augusta_n from_o c._n julius_n caesar_n augustus_n who_o do_v enlarge_v it_o with_o colony_n bring_v thither_o the_o old_a soldier_n of_o the_o 25_o legion_n the_o parliament_n of_o provence_n be_v hold_v here_o which_o therefore_o be_v call_v parliamentum_fw-la aquense_a partly_o at_o this_o city_n and_o partly_o in_o italy_n do_v c._n marius_n overcome_v the_o cimbrian_o a_o people_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o tigurini_fw-la and_o abrones_n french_a nation_n that_o band_v themselves_o with_o they_o of_o which_o history_n elsewhere_o the_o second_o city_n orosius_n and_o ausonius_n lib._n de_fw-la urbibus_fw-la in_o epigraphe_n &_o ipso_fw-la carmine_fw-la 7_o o_fw-la do_v call_v church_n arelas_n the_o same_o ausonius_n elsewhere_o do_v call_v it_o arelatus_n caesar_n call_v it_o arelate_n as_o also_o suetonius_n in_o the_o life_n of_o tiberius_n mela_n and_o other_o strabo_n call_v it_o areletae_n ptolemie_n arelaton_n salyorum_n colonia_n and_o pliny_n arelate_n sextanorum_n but_o now_o by_o a_o word_n of_o the_o plural_a number_n it_o be_v call_v arle_n festus_n avienus_n do_v report_n that_o the_o grecian_n heretofore_o inhabit_v it_o do_v call_v it_o tâ—elinis_n julius_n scaliger_n witness_v that_o in_o a_o fair_a inscription_n on_o a_o pillar_n which_o he_o have_v see_v it_o be_v call_v mamiliaria_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o be_v unknown_a fl._n constantinus_n the_o emperor_n do_v enact_v and_o ordain_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v call_v constantia_n and_o that_o the_o assembly_n and_o convention_n of_o seven_o province_n namely_o of_o vienne_n of_o both_o the_o narbons_n of_o both_o the_o aquitane_n of_o provence_n provincia_n novem-populana_a and_o the_o maritime_a alps_n shall_v be_v hold_v and_o keep_v there_o and_o ausonius_n call_v it_o gallula_n roma_n in_o those_o verse_n which_o i_o mention_v before_o it_o be_v
do_v now_o call_v virdunum_fw-la and_o verdunum_n antonius_n call_v it_o verodunum_n and_o in_o the_o register_n book_n of_o the_o province_n it_o be_v call_v civitas_n â—erduneâ—sium_fw-la or_o l'_fw-fr eueschâ—_n de_fw-fr verdun_n and_o the_o three_o city_n aforesaid_a have_v county_n belong_v to_o they_o the_o dukedom_n of_o lotaringia_n the_o southern_a part_n our_o order_n and_o method_n do_v now_o require_v that_o we_o shall_v reckon_v up_o the_o chief_a river_n of_o lotaringia_n but_o first_o we_o will_v speak_v concern_v the_o lake_n it_o have_v many_o pool_n and_o lake_n which_o be_v full_a of_o fish_n among_o which_o there_o be_v one_o that_o be_v 14._o mile_n in_o compass_n in_o which_o there_o be_v great_a carp_n of_o three_o foot_n long_o which_o be_v so_o pleasant_a in_o taste_n that_o they_o far_o exceed_v the_o carp_n in_o other_o country_n for_o sweetness_n the_o duke_n of_o lotaringia_n receave_v 16000_o frank_n every_o three_o year_n for_o fish_v take_v in_o this_o lake_n it_o be_v water_v with_o these_o famous_a river_n mosa_n mosella_n saravo_n voloia_n mortana_n muâ—ta_fw-la sella_n hidia_n and_o other_o concern_v mosa_n it_o appertain_v to_o lower_v germany_n the_o other_o river_n do_v proper_o belong_v to_o this_o dukedom_n the_o better_a part_n of_o mosella_n and_o saravus_n the_o rest_n whole_o mosella_n rise_v in_o the_o mountain_n vogâ—sus_n not_o far_o from_o the_o springhead_n of_o araxis_n a_o little_a above_o the_o town_n which_o be_v common_o call_v bussan_n and_o so_o glide_v down_o from_o vulturnum_n to_o the_o west_n have_v view_v those_o town_n which_o be_v call_v in_o french_a l'_fw-fr estrate_n remiremont_n espinal_n charm_n baton_n it_o bend_v his_o course_n from_o the_o east_n westward_o and_o run_v straight_o forward_a to_o tullum_n a_o episcopal_a city_n whence_o run_v again_o eastward_o it_o bend_v northward_o even_o to_o fruardum_fw-la and_o have_v visit_v the_o mediomatrician_n the_o treverian_n and_o other_o people_n it_o run_v into_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n that_o which_o the_o german_n call_v mosel_n the_o french_a call_n moselle_n it_o be_v think_v that_o rhenanus_fw-la ptolemie_n lib._n 11._o cap._n 9_o and_o other_o do_v call_v it_o obriâ—gos_n but_o john_n herold_n note_v that_o obringen_n so_o call_v by_o ptolemie_n be_v not_o a_o river_n but_o a_o part_n of_o land_n near_o the_o river_n rhâ—me_v which_o be_v now_o call_v ober_n rhingham_n also_o clemens_n trolaeus_n mosellanus_n witness_v as_o abraham_n ortelius_n write_v that_o a_o certain_a country_n of_o â—and_n near_o mosella_n be_v yet_o call_v obrincum_n ausonius_n eidyll_n 3._o do_v celebrate_v the_o praise_n of_o mosella_n in_o learned_a verse_n both_o for_o the_o clearness_n of_o the_o water_n and_o easy_a sail_v thereon_o and_o for_o the_o town_n and_o palace_n which_o beautify_v the_o bank_n thereof_o and_o also_o for_o the_o fish_n therein_o as_o the_o mullet_n the_o trout_n the_o barbell_n the_o salmon_n the_o lamprey_n the_o perch_n the_o tench_n the_o bleak_a and_o the_o gudgeon_n of_o which_o iâ—_n have_v great_a store_n and_o last_o for_o the_o river_n which_o run_v into_o it_o as_o pronaea_n nemesa_n â—ura_fw-la gelbi_fw-la erubro_fw-la lesura_n drahona_n salmona_n saranus_n and_o alisontia_n l._n vetus_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o domitius_n nero_n the_o emperor_n attempt_v to_o join_v mosella_n and_o araxis_n by_o make_v a_o channel_n between_o they_o that_o the_o army_n be_v convey_v out_o of_o italy_n by_o sea_n and_o afterward_o on_o the_o river_n rhodanus_n and_o arar_n by_o that_o channel_n and_o so_o pass_v by_o the_o river_n mosella_n into_o the_o rhine_n may_v at_o last_o be_v bring_v again_o to_o the_o ocean_n that_o so_o the_o jouney_n may_v be_v more_o easy_a and_o the_o western_a and_o northern_a shore_n between_o they_o may_v be_v make_v navigable_a as_o cornelius_n tacitus_n write_v lib._n 18._o of_o which_o ausonius_n te_fw-la foutes_fw-fr vivique_fw-la lacus_fw-la te_fw-la caerula_fw-la noscent_fw-la flumina_fw-la te_fw-la veteres_fw-la pagorum_fw-la gloria_fw-la luci_fw-la te_fw-la druna_n te_fw-la sparsis_fw-la incerta_fw-la druentia_n ripis_fw-la alpinique_n colent_fw-la fluvij_fw-la dupitemque_fw-la per_fw-la urbem_fw-la qui_fw-la meat_n &_o dextrae_fw-la rhodanus_n that_fw-mi nomina_fw-la ripa_fw-la te_fw-la stagnis_fw-la ego_fw-la caruleis_fw-la magnumque_fw-la sonoris_fw-la amnibus_fw-la aquorea_fw-la te_fw-la commendabo_fw-la garumnae_fw-la the_o fountain_n lake_n and_o blue_a stream_n shall_v know_v thou_o and_o wood_n which_o of_o village_n the_o glory_n be_v thou_o druna_n thou_o druentia_n that_o do_v glide_v with_o wind_a course_n between_o his_o bank_n so_o wide_a and_o all_o the_o river_n on_o the_o alpine_a hill_n shall_v thou_o adore_v and_o reverence_v thou_o still_o and_o rhodanus_n that_o do_v through_o the_o city_n flow_v name_v the_o right_a hand_n bank_n as_o it_o do_v go_v with_o the_o blue_a lake_n and_o stream_n that_o great_a be_v and_o sealike_a garumne_n i_o will_v thou_o compare_v saravus_n rise_v not_o far_o from_o the_o salmensians_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o those_o river_n which_o run_v into_o mosella_n it_o be_v navigable_a and_o famous_a for_o the_o receipt_n of_o other_o river_n and_o after_o it_o have_v view_v the_o city_n and_o town_n which_o be_v common_o call_v sar-burg_n fenestrange_n sar-vberden_a sar-abben_a guemund_n sarpruck_a walderf_n sarbrug_a and_o other_o at_o length_n it_o meet_v with_o mosella_n near_o the_o wall_n of_o augusta_n of_o the_o treverian_n not_o far_o from_o kontherbruck_n ausonius_n mention_v it_o in_o praise_v mosella_n it_o retain_v that_o name_n still_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v it_o sar._n and_o the_o ancient_n do_v call_v it_o sarta_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o inscription_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o trever_n from_o a_o town_n seat_v by_o that_o river_n which_o be_v now_o call_v sarpruck_v that_o be_v sarrae_fw-la pons_n or_o sarra_n brigde_v caes_n ro._n exer_n imp._n p._n p._n s.c._n au._n treve_n ingr._n essum_n h._n castra_n sarrae_fw-la flu_n pro._n mil._n custodia_fw-la bienn_n potitus_n est._n the_o dukedom_n of_o lothoringia_n lotharingia_n meridiona_n the_o dukedom_n of_o burgundie·_n call_v let_v so_o much_o according_a to_o our_o method_n suffice_v concern_v lotharingia_n the_o dukedom_n of_o burgundy_n follow_v or_o low_a burgundy_n the_o name_n of_o burgundy_n come_v from_o the_o burgundian_n who_o be_v a_o people_n of_o germany_n descend_v of_o the_o vandal_n and_o so_o call_v from_o the_o word_n burgis_fw-la that_o be_v from_o the_o town_n of_o garrison_n be_v disturb_v by_o the_o almain_n who_o violent_o seat_v themselves_o in_o their_o country_n which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o palatinate_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o theodisius_fw-la the_o son_n of_o arcadius_n the_o young_a they_o drive_v out_o the_o sequean_n and_o aedian_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o this_o part_n of_o ancient_a france_n burgundy_n with_o the_o nuithons_n who_o tacitus_n mention_v peter_n sancto-iulianus_n derive_v the_o etymology_n of_o burgundy_n from_o a_o certain_a place_n common_o call_v burgogne_a in_o the_o country_n of_o langrenia_n it_o be_v heretofore_o a_o kingdom_n about_o the_o year_n 1034._o and_o afterward_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o dukedom_n and_o county_n the_o former_a towards_o the_o east_n call_v the_o low_a and_o royal_a burgundy_n the_o latter_a towards_o the_o east_n call_v the_o high_a and_o imperial_a burgundy_n we_o will_v entreat_v of_o the_o dukedom_n in_o this_o description_n and_o of_o the_o county_n in_o the_o next_o the_o dukedom_n be_v encompass_v on_o the_o east_n side_n situation_n with_o the_o county_n of_o sabaudia_n and_o burgundy_n have_v the_o river_n rhodanus_n flow_v between_o they_o on_o the_o south_n be_v the_o territory_n of_o lion_n on_o the_o west_n the_o fair_a field_n of_o the_o nevernians_n and_o borbonians_n on_o the_o north_n lie_v campania_n it_o be_v a_o champion_n country_n and_o inferior_a unto_o none_o for_o fertility_n and_o fruitfulness_n fertility_n for_o here_o be_v plenteous_a store_n of_o wine_n and_o corn_n so_o that_o bacchus_n and_o ceres_n seem_v to_o contend_v who_o shall_v exceed_v the_o other_o in_o bestow_v their_o gift_n most_o liberal_o upon_o this_o country_n richard_n earl_n of_o augustodunum_n a_o stout_a man_n government_n and_o well_o experience_v in_o warlike_a matter_n be_v create_v duke_n of_o all_o burgundy_n beyond_o araxis_n by_o odon_n king_n of_o france_n who_o be_v afterward_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n 32._o year_n he_o leave_v burgundy_n to_o his_o son_n rudolphus_n who_o be_v afterward_o choose_v king_n of_o france_n and_o hugo_n niger_n his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o dukedom_n after_o he_o succeed_v odo_n his_o brother_n or_o his_o son_n for_o i_o find_v author_n of_o both_o opinion_n after_o who_o follow_v henry_n his_o brother_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n robert_n king_n of_o france_n get_v the_o dukedom_n of_o burgundy_n henry_n have_v leave_v it_o he_o as_o they_o say_v by_o his_o last_o
ocean_n be_v famous_a for_o that_o grievous_a siege_n which_o the_o arch_a duke_n albert_n lay_v against_o it_o which_o it_o valiant_o sustain_v and_o hold_v out_o three_o year_n and_o some_o month_n with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n on_o both_o side_n nieuport_n be_v three_o mile_n from_o ostend_n be_v a_o sea_n city_n where_o jodocus_n clichtoveus_n the_o country_n of_o flanders_n flandria_n be_v bear_v near_o unto_o which_o be_v the_o abbey_n of_o s._n bernard_n in_o which_o heretofore_o there_o be_v the_o most_o famous_a and_o best_a furnish_v library_n in_o all_o the_o low_a country_n dunkirk_n be_v build_v it_o the_o year_n 1166._o by_o baldwin_n the_o son_n of_o arnold_n and_o earl_n of_o flanders_n it_o have_v a_o very_a short_a haven_n which_o trouble_v all_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n this_o city_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n i_o pass_v over_o the_o other_o city_n of_o dutch_a flanders_n in_o french_a flanders_n there_o be_v the_o isle_n so_o call_v from_o the_o ancient_a seat_n thereof_o it_o be_v once_o environ_v with_o lake_n and_o marsh_n it_o be_v a_o famous_a city_n both_o for_o populousnesse_n wealth_n and_o good_a law_n and_o strong_a except_o antwerp_n and_o amsterdam_n dovay_n be_v situate_v by_o the_o river_n scarpia_n here_o robert_n gaguinus_fw-la be_v bear_v it_o have_v a_o university_n which_o be_v build_v not_o many_o year_n ago_o by_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n also_o orchy_n be_v in_o this_o tract_n of_o ground_n and_o lannoyum_n famous_a for_o the_o lord_n thereof_o and_o by_o francis_n raphelengius_n citizen_n thereof_o there_o be_v also_o espinoyum_n armentier_n and_o tornacum_n or_o tournay_n in_o the_o imperial_a part_n of_o flanders_n there_o be_v alostum_n which_o be_v a_o fair_a city_n and_o well_o fortify_v by_o the_o river_n tenera_fw-la and_o adorn_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o county_n it_o have_v 170_o village_n under_o it_o 2_o principality_n the_o steenhusensian_a and_o the_o gavarensian_a and_o many_o barony_n there_o be_v also_o the_o territory_n of_o wassia_n in_o which_o there_o be_v four_o town_n hulsta_n axela_n bochoute_n and_o assenede_v rupelmonda_n be_v a_o castle_n by_o the_o river_n rupella_n which_o we_o can_v omit_v in_o this_o place_n in_o memory_n of_o our_o gerard_n mercator_n a_o most_o famous_a mathematitian_n and_o cosmographer_n and_o the_o ptolemie_n of_o our_o age_n the_o river_n be_v scaldis_n river_n lisander_n tenera_fw-la livia_n ypra_n aa_n scarpa_n rupela_n and_o other_o there_o be_v few_o mountain_n wood_n but_o there_o be_v many_o wood_n and_o those_o very_a profitable_a the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v niepensian_n and_o the_o nonnensian_a the_o politic_a state_n of_o flanders_n consist_v of_o three_o member_n government_n the_o first_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a prelate_n as_o namely_o seven_o abbot_n of_o the_o order_n of_o saint_n benedict_n as_o the_o abbot_n of_o saint_n peter_n and_o saint_n baâ—fâ—_n s._n winnocke_n in_o bergen_n saint_n andries_n saint_n peter_n of_o ename_n of_o murchiemie_n five_o abbot_n of_o the_o order_n of_o saint_n bernard_n of_o dunen_n of_o boudeloo_n of_o do_v of_o ciammerez_n of_o marchiemie_n and_o the_o prior_n of_o waerchot_n three_o abbot_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o praemonstratensians_n s._n nicolas_n in_o vuerne_n of_o drogon_n of_o s._n cornelis_n in_o nienove_n seven_o abbot_n of_o regular_a cannon_n the_o abbot_n of_o eechoute_n of_o soctendale_n warneston_n sunnebecke_n ciso_v falempium_n seven_o provost_n of_o the_o same_o order_n of_o s._n marten_n in_o ipera_n wormesele_n of_o watene_n of_o 'loo_o of_o eversa_n and_o petendale_n the_o second_o member_n be_v of_o the_o nobility_n in_o which_o be_v five_o viccount_n the_o viecount_v gendt_fw-ge of_o yperen_n of_o vuerne_n of_o bergen_n of_o haerlebecke_n three_o principality_n of_o steenhuse_v of_o gavere_n of_o eshinoy_n four_o baron_n 2_o in_o the_o county_n of_o cyso_v and_o heyne_n 2_o in_o the_o lordship_n of_o pamaele_n and_o boelare_n the_o military_a tribune_n be_v of_o banderheereen_n in_o the_o teutonicke_a county_n also_o the_o lord_n of_o nevele_n of_o dixmunde_n of_o beneren_n of_o praet_fw-la near_o brugge_n of_o haerskerke_n of_o watene_n of_o hevergem_n of_o wasteine_n of_o cacctâ—n_n of_o ingelmunster_n of_o pouke_n of_o gruithuse_n of_o male_a of_o maldegem_fw-la of_o ostcamp_n of_o winendale_n of_o colscamp_n of_o ghistele_n of_o sevecote_n of_o roussclare_v of_o waestene_n of_o hondscote_n and_o also_o of_o cassel_n of_o norturie_n of_o haveskerck_n of_o halewyn_n in_o the_o french_a county_n be_v the_o lord_n of_o lille_n of_o waurin_n and_o of_o comene_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o flanders_n there_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o rhode_n of_o gavero_n of_o sotteghem_n of_o gontero_n of_o scorisse_n of_o poitz_n of_o liekerck_n of_o lumbeke_n of_o rotselar_a in_o meerbeke_n also_o of_o wedergraet_n in_o neyghem_n and_o of_o steenehuse_v the_o three_o member_n do_v consist_v of_o the_o special_a city_n in_o the_o dutch_a flanders_n four_o special_a city_n do_v make_v up_o this_o member_n gandavum_n after_o which_o burgraviatus_n gandensis_fw-la oudenarde_n and_o bieruliet_n in_o the_o signiory_n there_o be_v some_o certain_a fee_n farm_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o ambachten_n that_o landt_n vanwaes_n it_o graefschap_n van_fw-mi aelst_n and_o other_o free_a lordship_n as_o bornhem_n dendermonde_n geerdsberge_n bruges_n by_o who_o be_v cen_v both_o for_o arm_n and_o subsidy_n namely_o the_o whole_a franconate_a it_o vrie_n and_o the_o wall_a and_o not_o wall_a town_n therein_o contain_v ypra_fw-la under_o which_o both_o for_o matter_n of_o arm_n and_o subsidy_n be_v yperen-ambacht_a bellen-ambacht_a and_o cassel-ambacht_a the_o champion_n franconate_n haet_a plat_n te_fw-mi vrie_n under_o which_o vuern-ambacht_a bergen-ambacht_a and_o brouchorg-ambacht_a in_o the_o french_a part_n be_v three_o principal_a city_n lille_n ryssel_n dovay_n orchy_n the_o lordship_n of_o tournay_n and_o the_o state_n adjoin_v to_o flanders_n do_v consist_v of_o three_o member_n the_o clergy_n the_o nobility_n and_o six_o supreme_a justice_n flanders_n have_v one_o bishop_n of_o tournay_n who_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o rheims_n which_o be_v nevertheless_o divide_v into_o 4_o episcopal_a dioecess_n under_o the_o bishop_n of_o trajectum_n there_o be_v five_o town_n that_o do_v homage_n thereunto_o hulst_n state_n axele_n assenede_v bochoute_n under_o the_o bishop_n of_o tournay_n be_v gandavum_n cortracum_n aldenarda_n with_o their_o castell_n the_o territory_n of_o waes_n bruges_n the_o franconate_a and_o the_o island_n with_o their_o castell_n the_o atrebatensian_a bishopric_n do_v comprehend_v ducacum_n and_o orchianum_n under_o the_o bishop_n of_o cameracum_n be_v the_o lordship_n of_o flanders_n beyond_o scaldis_n southward_o the_o tarvanensian_a bishopric_n have_v these_o castelship_n under_o it_o ypra_n cassel_n werne_n bergen_n brouchorg_n belle._n in_o dutch_a flanders_n there_o be_v 14_o principal_a court_n viesburg_n gandavi_n burgus_n brugis_n sala_n yprae_fw-la castellum_n cortraci_n curia_fw-la in_o harlebeck_n in_o tielt_n domus_fw-la in_o diense_n curia_n in_o bergen_n in_o bruchorg_n in_o cassel_n and_o in_o celle_n in_o french_a flanders_n there_o be_v three_o court_n leete_n sala_n in_o lille_n castellum_n in_o dovay_n curia_n in_o orchy_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o flanders_n there_o be_v five_o court_n leete_n tribunal_n in_o aelst_n dominus_fw-la in_o vendermonde_n praetorium_n wasiae_n and_o castrum_n beneren_n all_o these_o court_n and_o jurisdiction_n aforesaid_a to_o appeal_v do_v the_o prince_n provincial_n council_n which_o be_v at_o gandavum_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o parliament_n at_o mechlin_n but_o of_o this_o enough_o i_o pass_v to_o brabant_n the_o eastern_a part_n of_o flanders_n before_o i_o come_v to_o brabant_n i_o will_v brief_o describe_v that_o which_o this_o table_n do_v exhibit_v which_o the_o printer_n please_v to_o insert_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o reader_n in_o it_o that_o part_n of_o flanders_n be_v describe_v in_o which_o in_o our_o memory_n many_o worthy_a act_n have_v be_v achieve_v as_o it_o shall_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o follow_v but_o that_o we_o may_v orderly_o describe_v this_o tract_n town_n in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o meet_v with_o wassia_n common_o call_v it_o landt_n van_n waes_n which_o be_v a_o rich_a fertile_a territory_n have_v four_o town_n which_o do_v homage_n unto_o it_o two_o whereof_z be_v wall_v as_o hulsta_n and_o axella_n then_o unwall_v as_o bouchouten_n and_o assenetum_n hulsta_n or_o hulustum_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o they_o be_v a_o neat_a city_n and_o well_o fortify_v it_o endure_v a_o grievous_a siege_n for_o some_o month_n in_o the_o year_n 1595._o but_o at_o length_n after_o many_o assault_n and_o undermine_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o thousand_o man_n it_o be_v yield_v up_o to_o the_o archduke_n albertus_n axela_fw-mi be_v a_o pretty_a town_n be_v four_o mile_n and_o half_a from_o hulsta_n and_o four_o from_o gandavum_n
fair_a milch_n kine_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o some_o part_n of_o holland_n the_o kine_n in_o summer_n time_n do_v yield_v unto_o the_o pail_n four_o and_o forty_o quarte_n of_o milk_n creature_n also_o john_n beningus_n a_o counsellor_n of_o the_o court_n of_o holland_n as_o guicciardine_n report_v do_v find_v by_o certain_a observation_n and_o computation_n that_o assendelph_n only_o and_o four_o neighbour_a town_n have_v as_o much_o milk_n from_o their_o kine_n as_o there_o be_v rhenish_a wine_n send_v out_o of_o high_a germany_n to_o dordretch_v out_o of_o this_o great_a plenty_n of_o milk_n they_o make_v butter_n which_o be_v a_o excellent_a dainty_a dish_n not_o only_o for_o barbarous_a nation_n as_o pliny_n will_v have_v it_o but_o also_o for_o king_n and_o prince_n they_o make_v cheese_n also_o which_o be_v not_o inferior_a unto_o those_o of_o parma_n and_o placentia_n the_o chief_a be_v the_o tessalican_n and_o gravesandican_n cheese_n the_o next_o to_o they_o be_v the_o edammensian_a which_o be_v best_a when_o they_o be_v old_a it_o breed_v the_o county_n of_o holland_z hollandia_n also_o excellent_a horse_n on_o the_o sandy_a hill_n there_o be_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o coney_n also_o great_a store_n of_o heart_n do_v hare_n and_o in_o the_o hagiensian_a wood_n there_o be_v herd_n of_o goat_n and_o great_a store_n of_o foul_a especial_o duck_n also_o goose_n and_o in_o harvest_n time_n woodcock_n which_o we_o call_v snipe_n there_o be_v excellent_a turf_n which_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o so_o dry_v in_o the_o wind_n and_o sun_n government_n do_v make_v very_o good_a fuel_n there_o be_v heretofore_o king_n of_o holland_n of_o which_o suetonius_n make_v mention_n in_o caligula_n cap._n 44_o but_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 868_o charles_n the_o bald_a king_n of_o france_n reduce_v it_o into_o a_o county_n and_o theodore_n be_v descend_v of_o the_o royal_a stock_n be_v governor_n thereof_o after_o theodore_n the_o father_n there_o succeed_v theodore_n the_o son_n and_o after_o he_o arnold_n and_o after_o arnold_n theodoricke_n and_o other_o after_o he_o of_o who_o you_o may_v have_v a_o catalogue_n 〈…〉_o in_o munster_n and_o other_o they_o be_v heretofore_o very_o famous_a for_o matter_n of_o war_n so_o that_o the_o batavian_o be_v join_v in_o fraternity_n and_o amity_n with_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o hereby_o they_o get_v the_o goodwill_n of_o other_o prince_n now_o we_o be_v to_o describe_v the_o city_n which_o be_v dordretch_n harlem_n delpth_n leyden_n amsterdam_n gouda_n â—aâ—rdâ—â—um_o 〈…〉_o muda_n wâ—sopum_n edamam_fw-la monachodamum_n purmerenda_n â—lmâ—â—â—a_fw-la euâ—huysa_n horna_fw-la etc._n etc._n dordretch_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o holland_n the_o figure_n of_o it_o be_v long_o like_o a_o galley_n it_o be_v very_o rich_a and_o plentiful_a and_o a_o granary_n or_o storehouse_n for_o corn_n and_o all_o other_o provision_n it_o have_v outlandish_a commodity_n bring_v up_o the_o river_n unto_o it_o and_o there_o lay_v in_o warehouse_n until_o they_o be_v sell_v and_o be_v carry_v from_o thence_o again_o in_o hoy_n this_o privilege_n of_o store_v of_o good_n they_o call_v a_o staple_n harlem_n be_v a_o noble_a town_n both_o for_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o city_n the_o fairness_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o situation_n it_o have_v the_o fair_a church_n in_o all_o holland_n be_v build_v on_o strong_a pillar_n by_o the_o mark_v place_n the_o river_n sparnus_n glide_v by_o the_o city_n it_o be_v think_v it_o be_v build_v by_o the_o prisians_n about_o the_o year_n 506._o in_o this_o city_n the_o art_n of_o printing_n be_v invent_v another_o honour_n of_o this_o city_n be_v the_o take_n of_o pelusium_n by_o a_o new_a device_n which_o they_o call_v damiata_n and_o in_o remembrance_n thereof_o they_o have_v two_o sacring_a bell_n of_o brass_n which_o they_o call_v aerae_fw-la damiatae_fw-la next_o follow_v delpth_n which_o be_v famous_a not_o for_o apolloâ—s_n tripos_n or_o trevet_n but_o for_o plenty_n of_o wine_n and_o corn_n for_o the_o best_a beer_n be_v brew_v in_o this_o city_n except_o it_o be_v english_a beer_n it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o a_o ditch_n which_o the_o batavian_o call_v delft_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o mosa_n even_o to_o the_o city_n in_o the_o year_n a_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o 36_o on_o the_o nones_n of_o may_n the_o beauty_n of_o it_o be_v much_o blemish_v by_o fire_n and_o the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o city_n be_v burn_v down_o but_o afterward_o it_o be_v build_v up_o again_o more_o fair_a than_o before_o leyden_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v lugdunum_n batavorum_n be_v a_o city_n situate_a at_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n it_o sustain_v and_o hold_v out_o in_o the_o year_n 1574_o a_o grievous_a siege_n but_o at_o last_o it_o be_v free_v and_o the_o enemy_n be_v enforce_v by_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o water_n to_o raise_v their_o siege_n amsterdam_n be_v the_o noble_a mart_n town_n in_o all_o the_o world_n it_o be_v so_o name_v from_o the_o river_n amstela_n as_o the_o learned_a poet_n nicolas_n cannius_n have_v note_v be_v a_o citizen_n of_o amsterdam_n in_o these_o verse_n haec_fw-la illa_fw-la est_fw-la batavae_fw-la non_fw-la ultima_fw-la gloria_fw-la gentis_fw-la amnis_fw-la cvi_fw-la nomen_fw-la cvi_fw-la cataracta_fw-la dedit_fw-la dicta_fw-la prius_fw-la damum_fw-la rarisque_fw-la habitata_fw-la colonis_fw-la cum_fw-la contenta_fw-la casis_fw-la rustica_fw-la vita_fw-la fuit_fw-la hinc_fw-la amsterdamum_n jam_fw-la facta_fw-la celebrior_fw-la atque_fw-la fortunae_fw-la crevit_fw-la tempore_fw-la nomen_fw-la item_n vrbs_fw-la benè_fw-la not_o a_o propè_fw-la atque_fw-la procul_fw-la distantibus_fw-la oris_fw-la dotibus_fw-la innumeris_fw-la suspicienda_fw-la bonis_fw-la dives_fw-la agri_fw-la dive_v pretiosae_fw-la vestis_fw-la &_o auri_fw-la ut_fw-la pleno_fw-la cornu_fw-la copia_fw-la larga_fw-la beet_n quod_fw-la tagus_n atque_fw-la hermus_n vehit_fw-la &_o pactolus_n in_o unum_fw-la verè_fw-la huc_fw-la congestum_fw-la dixeris_fw-la esse_fw-la locum_fw-la this_o city_n holland_n glory_n who_o name_n from_o the_o river_n and_o the_o fall_a water_n come_v it_o be_v call_v damum_fw-la first_fw-mi and_o inhabit_v with_o rural_a cottage_n which_o here_o be_v spread_v but_o grow_v famous_a it_o be_v call_v amsterdam_n and_o so_o increase_v in_o fortune_n and_o in_o name_n it_o be_v a_o city_n know_v both_o far_a and_o near_o and_o be_v admire_v for_o many_o gift_n be_v here_o it_o be_v rich_a in_o soil_n in_o garment_n and_o in_o gold_n plenty_n do_v bless_v she_o with_o gift_n manifold_a what_o pagus_n hermus_n pactolus_n do_v bear_v you_o may_v true_o say_v that_o it_o be_v store_v up_o here_o it_o consist_v at_o the_o first_o of_o a_o few_o fisherman_n house_n and_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o amstelium_n after_o gilbert_n amstelius_n about_o two_o hundred_o fourscore_o year_n since_o fortify_v this_o city_n with_o bulwark_n gate_n and_o tower_n which_o be_v burn_v by_o the_o envious_a neighbour_n it_o be_v wall_v about_o in_o the_o year_n 2482._o and_o afterward_o it_o be_v still_o enlarge_v and_o belong_v unto_o holland_n but_o now_o it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o refuge_n not_o only_o for_o holland_n but_o all_o the_o neighbour_n country_n even_o to_o the_o sarmatian_n and_o goth_n and_o cimbrian_o for_o there_o be_v in_o this_o city_n not_o only_a italian_n spaniard_n portugall_n briton_n scot_n french_a sarmatian_n cimbrian_o suevian_o norwegian_n livonian_o and_o german_n but_o also_o east-indians_a american_n moor_n and_o other_o out_o of_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n gouda_n be_v so_o name_v from_o the_o cimbricke_n word_n â—â—w_o which_o signify_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o trench_n against_o it_o it_o be_v situate_a near_o isela_n be_v a_o plentiful_a city_n and_o abound_v with_o all_o thing_n there_o be_v also_o some_o free_a town_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o hage_n in_o which_o the_o council_n of_o the_o state_n and_o prince_n do_v sit_v and_o there_o be_v court_n for_o decide_v of_o suit_n and_o controversy_n concern_v the_o politic_a state_n of_o this_o country_n it_o do_v consist_v of_o three_o order_n the_o first_o be_v the_o knight_n call_v ridderheren_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o earl_n egmond_n and_o ligne_n under_o who_o be_v these_o dominion_n wassenar_n valkenborch_n and_o the_o viccountship_n of_o the_o city_n of_o leyden_n i_o find_v also_o these_o county_n in_o holland_n maeslant_a texel_n goylandt_n kennemerlant_a steenberge_n the_o lord_n and_o baron_n be_v brederode_n under_o who_o be_v the_o lordship_n of_o vianen_n and_o the_o barony_n of_o lijfelt_n i_o find_v also_o in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o holland_n that_o these_o lordship_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o barony_n leâ—ke_v sevenbergen_n voorn_v isselstein_n stryen_n teylingen_n puttem_n harlem_n leerdam_n asperen_n arckel_n altena_n bottersloâ—â—_n the_o
second_o order_n be_v the_o lord_n the_o chief_a whereof_o that_o be_v wont_a to_o appear_v at_o hage_n be_v these_o the_o lord_n of_o poelgeest_n of_o polanen_n of_o lochor_v of_o assendelfi_n warmont_n sparwoude_n matnes_n schooten_n noortwiâ—â—_n verdoe_v or_o do_v my_o van_n amstel_n spangen_n alkemade_v benthuysen_n keneborch_n raaphorst_n sweten_n heemskericke_n ruven_n duyn_n and_o sprangen_n moreover_o there_o be_v these_o lordship_n in_o holland_n hoâ—sden_n outhoesden_n papendrecht_n wijngarden_n ghissenborch_n ameyde_n woerden_n waterlant_a schagen_n purmerende_a goude_n naeldwâ—jc_n rijswijc_fw-la schoonhoven_n wateringen_n soctermeer_n heemstede_n heuhtwoude_n merwen_n haestrecht_a dalen_n spijc_n hardischsvelt_n bardtwijck_n wijck_n the_o three_o order_n be_v the_o six_o great_a city_n which_o be_v call_v and_o summon_v to_o appear_v at_o the_o hage_n for_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o dordretch_v this_o city_n have_v a_o praetor_n and_o a_o magistrate_n who_o the_o citizen_n obey_v and_o a_o bailie_n that_o govern_v the_o whole_a country_n round_o about_o both_o in_o civil_a and_o criminal_a matter_n harlem_n have_v a_o praetor_n and_o a_o magistrate_n within_o itself_o and_o a_o bailie_n for_o the_o country_n who_o have_v jurisdiction_n in_o civil_a and_o criminal_a matter_n amsterdam_n have_v also_o with_o itself_o a_o praetor_n and_o a_o magistrate_n and_o a_o bailie_n for_o the_o country_n to_o judge_v of_o civil_a and_o criminal_a cause_n gouda_n have_v a_o praetor_n and_o major_n for_o the_o citizen_n and_o a_o baytiffe_n and_o a_o governor_n of_o the_o castle_n the_o county_n of_o zealand_n zeland_n signify_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o sea-land_n the_o name_n thereof_o be_v compound_v from_o sea_n and_o land_n call_v for_o it_o be_v encompass_v on_o every_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n lemnius_n do_v collect_v out_o of_o tacitus_n that_o it_o be_v not_o unknown_a unto_o the_o ancient_n but_o not_o by_o that_o name_n by_o which_o it_o be_v now_o call_v but_o the_o people_n and_o inhabitant_n thereof_o do_v vulgar_o call_v it_o maet_n for_o he_o name_v they_o mattiacans_fw-la when_o he_o say_v est_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la obsequio_fw-la mattiacorum_fw-la gens_fw-la battavis_fw-la similis_fw-la nisi_fw-la quod_fw-la ipso_fw-la terrae_fw-la suae_fw-la solo_fw-la ac_fw-la coelo_fw-la acrius_fw-la animantur_fw-la that_o be_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o mattiacans_n be_v also_o subject_a unto_o they_o and_o be_v like_o the_o battavian_o but_o that_o their_o soil_n and_o climate_n do_v make_v they_o more_o courageous_a and_o lively_a it_o be_v call_v zealand_n from_o the_o dane_n and_o normanes_n who_o come_v out_o of_o the_o cimbrian_a island_n in_o denmark_n which_o be_v call_v zealand_n to_o seek_v new_a country_n be_v pester_v with_o multitude_n of_o inhabitant_n they_o invade_v the_o coast_n of_o britain_n and_o france_n and_o they_o call_v walachria_n and_o the_o neighbour_n island_n zealand_n after_o the_o name_n of_o their_o own_o island_n these_o island_n be_v situate_a between_o the_o mouth_n or_o outlet_n of_o the_o river_n mosa_n and_o scaldis_n on_o the_o north_n they_o have_v holland_n situation_n on_o the_o east_n brabant_n on_o the_o south_n flanders_n on_o the_o west_n the_o german_a ocean_n zealand_n have_v somewhat_o a_o intemperate_a air_n air_n for_o in_o some_o part_n it_o be_v very_o cold_a and_o sharp_a and_o not_o so_o wholesome_a as_o the_o neighbour_n country_n especial_o in_o summer_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o vapour_n arise_v from_o the_o ditch_n and_o stand_a pool_n and_o also_o because_o the_o country_n be_v not_o plant_v with_o tree_n but_o yet_o it_o have_v this_o blessing_n that_o it_o be_v not_o often_o trouble_v with_o plague_n or_o pestilent_a disease_n but_o when_o it_o have_v a_o plague_n it_o be_v most_o violent_a and_o it_o be_v long_o before_o the_o cessation_n of_o it_o but_o it_o have_v a_o very_a fat_a and_o fruitful_a soil_n soil_n and_o field_n which_o yield_v abundance_n of_o wheat_n so_o that_o no_o country_n have_v the_o like_a for_o whiteness_n and_o weightiness_n and_o many_o other_o fruit_n also_o coriander_n seed_n and_o mad_a which_o be_v good_a to_o die_v cloth_n in_o grain_n and_o make_v it_o hold_v colour_n and_o also_o great_a store_n of_o fair_a baytree_n load_v with_o berry_n and_o also_o many_o wholesome_a herb_n both_o to_o eat_v and_o to_o cure_v dissease_n withal_o here_o be_v also_o excellent_a meadow_n pasture_n for_o fat_v of_o cattle_n not_o only_o enclose_v within_o hedge_n and_o ditch_n but_o also_o upon_o the_o very_a shore_n by_o the_o sea_n side_n in_o which_o many_o thousand_o head_n of_o cattle_n do_v graze_v creature_n to_o the_o great_a gain_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o owner_n be_v not_o only_o of_o a_o unusual_a bigness_n but_o of_o a_o delicate_a and_o excellent_a taste_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sweetness_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n &_o grass_n so_o that_o they_o be_v much_o esteem_v by_o foreigner_n in_o the_o year_n 8â—3_n government_n in_o the_o year_n of_o charles_n the_o â—â—lde_n a_o principality_n be_v first_o erect_v among_o the_o battavian_o and_o zelander_n and_o then_o they_o be_v call_v county_n and_o the_o first_o earl_n thereof_o be_v theodoricke_n the_o son_n of_o sigâ—â—bert_n prince_n of_o aquitania_n who_o have_v be_v earl_n thereof_o eight_o and_o thirty_o year_n leave_v his_o second_o son_n theodoricke_n successor_n thereof_o after_o who_o these_o country_n by_o a_o long_a succession_n of_o earl_n come_v and_o be_v devolve_v over_o to_o philip_n king_n of_o spain_n the_o island_n of_o zealand_n be_v seven_o three_o beyond_o the_o mouth_n of_o scaldis_n towards_o battavia_n and_o the_o east_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o east_n island_n as_o scaldia_n duvelandia_n and_o tolen_n and_o 4_o on_o this_o side_n towards_o the_o west_n walachria_n zuythevelandia_n northevelandia_n and_o wolferdiâ—â—_n the_o great_a and_o chief_a isle_n of_o they_o all_o beyond_o scaldis_n be_v scaldia_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v call_v it_o landt_n van_fw-mi schouwen_n the_o compass_n whereof_o be_v 7_o mile_n yet_o heretofore_o it_o be_v great_a and_o be_v divide_v only_o by_o a_o little_a strait_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o northevelandia_n the_o chief_a city_n in_o it_o be_v zirizaea_n and_o brouwershavia_n zirizaea_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n in_o zealand_n be_v build_v by_o one_o syrinx_n about_o the_o year_n 869._o it_o be_v a_o long_a time_n a_o famous_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o the_o resort_n of_o stranger_n unto_o it_o but_o when_o the_o haven_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o sand_n it_o grow_v out_o of_o esteem_n yet_o there_o be_v hope_n that_o if_o a_o new_a haven_n be_v dig_v it_o will_v be_v as_o famous_a as_o ever_o it_o be_v in_o this_o city_n levinus_n â—eâ—â—nius_n a_o learned_a and_o famous_a physician_n be_v bear_v and_o live_v fishermen_z do_v inhabit_v brouwershavia_n who_o live_v by_o the_o sea_n the_o second_o island_n to_o scaldia_n be_v dwelandia_n so_o call_v from_o the_o great_a store_n of_o dove_n that_o be_v therein_o and_o it_o be_v four_o mile_n in_o compass_n there_o be_v in_o it_o some_o town_n only_o and_o village_n but_o no_o city_n in_o the_o year_n 1130_o it_o be_v overflow_v with_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o people_n but_o afterward_o the_o bank_n be_v repair_v and_o the_o sea_n keep_v out_o that_o loss_n be_v soon_o recompense_v the_o three_o island_n be_v tollen_v which_o be_v near_o unto_o brabant_n be_v only_o part_v and_o divide_v from_o it_o by_o a_o straight_o narrow_a sea_n in_o which_o be_v toletum_n which_o the_o low_a countryman_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o custom_n and_o tribute_n which_o be_v pay_v there_o do_v call_v tollen_v be_v a_o ancient_a little_a town_n and_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v the_o martinian_a bank_n common_o call_v s._n martin_n dijck_n be_v a_o pleasant_a place_n and_o plant_v round_o about_o with_o tree_n in_o which_o great_a store_n of_o foul_a especial_o herne_z do_v breed_v the_o chief_a island_n on_o this_o side_n scaldis_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v walachria_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v bewester_n schelt_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o first_o inhabitour_n or_o from_o the_o welsh_a or_o frenchmen_n this_o island_n lie_v on_o the_o east_n over_o against_o brabant_n on_o the_o south_n against_o flanders_n on_o the_o north_n against_o batavia_n on_o the_o west_n against_o britain_n this_o be_v the_o chief_a island_n of_o all_o zealand_n be_v famous_a both_o for_o the_o situation_n thereof_o the_o wealth_n populousnesse_n and_o for_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o town_n and_o traffic_n be_v 10._o mile_n in_o compass_n the_o city_n in_o it_o be_v middlebrough_n veria_n flushing_n arnemuda_n there_o be_v also_o many_o town_n in_o it_o middlebrough_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o situation_n thereof_o for_o it_o be_v a_o town_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o
in_o eaucourt_n of_o the_o cistertian_n order_n there_o be_v the_o abbot_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o cherchamp_n and_o clommeres_n of_o the_o praemonstratensian_a order_n damartin_n santandreanum_n auguatianum_fw-la there_o be_v 10_o college_n of_o cannon_n atrebaâ—â—â—se_v audomarense_n bethuniense_n arience_n hesdinense_n lensiense_n sanpaulitanum_n â—alleriense_n falkoburgense_n douriense_n the_o second_o member_n be_v the_o noble_n among_o who_o there_o be_v one_o prince_n of_o espinoy_n one_o marquesse_n of_o rentinium_n 7_o earl_n s._n pol_n falquenberch_n harliensis_n busquetensis_n henniensis_fw-la arquensis_n and_o last_o blangiacensis_fw-la but_o these_o two_o last_o earldom_n do_v fall_v of_o late_a to_o the_o abbey_n of_o saint_n bertin_n and_o four_o chief_a earl_n be_v not_o call_v or_o summon_v to_o this_o meeting_n as_o atrebatensis_n audomarensis_fw-la bapalmensis_n and_o lensiensis_n the_o family_n of_o the_o gentry_n count_v they_o by_o a_o alphabetical_a order_n be_v these_o aussi_fw-fr averdom_n aubigni_n aix_n annequin_n anvezin_n aneroult_n avion_n allenes_n anvin_n bailleul_n beaufort_n beaumez_n beauraine_n beausart_n bellona_n berles_a billy_n bofle_n boisleux_n bonnieres_n boncourt_n boubers_n bours_z brias_n buissi_n caumont_n conroy_n contes_n coupigny_n croisilles_n cunchy_n divion_n dovurin_n enne_z erin_n esquerdes_n estree_n fosseux_n frevin_n fleshin_n gomiecount_n govy_n greboval_n geulesin_n habarcque_n hachicourt_n hamelaincourt_n helfault_n houchin_n houdin_n la_fw-fr viesville_n la_fw-fr plancque_fw-fr liguereul_n licque_n longastre_n malanoy_n maisnil_n mammez_n marles_n mes_fw-fr en_fw-fr contire_n mingoval_a moiry_n nedoncelle_v neufville_n nojelle_n noircarmes_fw-fr ococh_n olham_n oignies_n oresmaux_n plancques_n plovicke_n pronville_n querecques_n ranchicourt_n ransart_n recovet_n rebecque_n regnauville_n rely_v rolancourt_n rumenghien_n sain_n s._n aldegonde_n s._n venant_fw-la sombrein_o sovastre_n tieuloie_v tramerie_n vaulx_n villers_n vrolant_n wancourt_n warluzelle_n waurans_n willerval_n the_o three_o member_n be_v the_o especial_a city_n 7_o royal_a city_n as_o atrebatum_n saint_n omers_n bethunia_n aria_n hesdinum_n lens_fw-la and_o bapalina_n private_a lordship_n as_o s._n pol_n perne_n lillers_n and_o also_o these_o town_n which_o have_v the_o prerogative_n of_o city_n and_o call_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n and_o there_o be_v 28_o of_o they_o arques_n aubigny_n avesne_n aussi_fw-fr benurain_n blangij_fw-la en_fw-fr ternois_n busquoy_n carwin_n caumont_n choques_n dourier_n franquenberghe_n fressin_n fleurbay_n frevene_n frage_n gorgue_n hennin_n lietard_n huchin_n hosdaine_n labroy_n libourg_n oisy_n pas_n richebourg_n tornehem_n ventie_n vitry_n the_o provincial_n counsel_n be_v hold_v at_o atrebatum_n from_o whence_o all_o appeal_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o parliament_n at_o mechlin_n but_o the_o bishop_n of_o atrebatum_n have_v all_o power_n in_o spiritual_a matter_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rheims_n this_o table_n also_o contain_v true_a picardy_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o cambresi_n which_o be_v a_o principallitie_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o be_v govern_v both_o in_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a matter_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o cambresi_n but_o yet_o sometime_o in_o spiritual_a matter_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rheims_n and_o in_o temporal_a matter_n it_o be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o so_o much_o may_v suffice_v concern_v artesia_n let_v we_o proceed_v to_o hannonia_n the_o county_n of_o hannonia_n unto_o which_o be_v join_v the_o county_n of_o namurcium_n the_o county_n of_o hannonia_n hamnonia_n the_o politic_a state_n of_o hannonia_n do_v consist_v of_o five_o member_n which_o be_v first_o the_o 12_o peer_n namely_o longueville_n lens_n filly_n chieure_n auâ—sne_n chimay_n leureux_n barbanson_n baudour_n rebaux_n walecourt_n 2._o ecclesiastical_a prelate_n namely_o the_o abbot_n and_o earl_n of_o s._n waldrut_n 26_o abbot_n s._n guislaine_a marchennes_n cambron_n hasnon_n marville_n anein_a haultmot_n â—â—essy_a s._n denys_n vicogne_n â—eullien_a crespin_n bâ—nne_fw-fr esperance_fw-fr s._n jean_n s._n aldegonde_n geilenghien_n spinleu_n at_o h_o fontenelle_n beaumond_n denain_n quesnoy_n watâ—â—braine_n lolive_n bâ—lliay_v leture_n beside_o the_o college_n of_o cannon_n three_o noble_a man_n and_o one_o principality_n of_o chimay_n 10_o county_n as_o latin_a beaumond_n ostervant_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v bouchin_n also_o barbanson_n auesne_n barlaymont_n bossu_n montigni_n reux_n terrache_fw-la 22_o barony_n as_o enghâ—â—n_o leuze_n haure_n lâ—agne_n adoing_o vuerchin_n fontaine_n havaide_v kinrain_n barlaymont_n ville_n gomegnie_fw-fr s._n aldegonde_n seâ—zelle_n condet_fw-la haurdain_n belleule_n fagneille_n bousie_n roesin_n frusne_n harchy_n one_o marshal_n one_o steward_n one_o great_a ranger_n one_o chamberlain_n and_o four_o ordinary_a officer_n the_o county_n of_o namuâ—â—â—â—m_n remain_v it_o be_v seat_v between_o brabant_n hannonia_n and_o the_o dioecesse_n of_o leodium_n it_o be_v a_o small_a mountainous_a territory_n but_o pleasant_a have_v a_o sweet_a and_o temperate_a air_n the_o soil_n be_v fruitful_a yield_v all_o thing_n soil_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o sustentation_n of_o man_n life_n it_o have_v also_o mine_n of_o iron_n and_o lead_n and_o stone_n quarry_n out_o of_o which_o divers_a kind_n of_o stone_n be_v cut_v and_o especial_o black_a marble_n and_o stone_n like_o jasper_n and_o not_o long_o since_o those_o stone_n be_v dig_v forth_o which_o be_v good_a to_o burn_v we_o may_v call_v they_o jathantracas_n of_o which_o we_o speak_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a description_n moreover_o this_o country_n at_o first_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o marquesse_n government_n and_o afterward_o it_o change_v often_o her_o lord_n philip_n the_o brother_n of_o balduin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n be_v marquesse_n hereof_o in_o the_o year_n 1200._o and_o theodorus_n be_v earl_n of_o it_o after_o who_o decease_n the_o whole_a country_n come_v to_o philip_n bonus_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n as_o we_o have_v declare_v in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o low_a country_n there_o be_v four_o wall_a city_n in_o this_o country_n namurcum_n bovina_n carlomontium_n and_o valenâ—ourâ—ium_n and_o 182_o village_n namurcum_n or_o namur_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n whence_o the_o name_n thereof_o be_v derive_v be_v uncertain_a some_o suppose_v from_o nanus_fw-la a_o god_n of_o the_o heathen_n who_o be_v use_v former_o to_o deliver_v oracle_n yet_o at_o christ_n come_n grow_v dumb_a and_o speak_v no_o more_o and_o therefore_o from_o this_o dumb_a &_o mute_a god_n nanus_fw-la it_o be_v call_v namurcium_n some_o think_v it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o a_o new_a wall_n which_o be_v build_v there_o by_o the_o romanâ—s_n the_o city_n be_v situate_a between_o two_o mountain_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n bank_n of_o the_o river_n mosa_n where_o it_o receive_v sambra_n it_o be_v eight_o mile_n distant_a from_o lovanium_n 10_o from_o leodium_n and_o as_o many_o from_o brussels_n it_o be_v rich_a and_o have_v many_o fair_a public_a and_o private_a building_n and_o it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a castle_n four_o mile_n from_o namurcium_n be_v bouvinae_fw-la a_o small_a town_n which_o be_v often_o waste_v by_o the_o war_n and_o last_o of_o all_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ruinate_v by_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1555._o afterward_o the_o citizen_n do_v re-edify_v it_o charlemont_n be_v build_v by_o charles_n the_o five_o in_o the_o year_n 1555_o against_o the_o frenchman_n who_o then_o possess_v marâ—enburg_n valencourtium_n be_v a_o town_n of_o good_a note_n be_v distant_a from_o namurcium_n 7_o mile_n this_o country_n have_v many_o river_n which_o be_v full_a of_o fish_n riuâ—â—_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v mosa_n and_o sambra_n it_o have_v also_o fair_a fresh_a spring_n it_o have_v also_o wood_n for_o pleasure_n and_o hunt_n wood_n work_n which_o be_v full_a of_o wild_a beast_n there_o be_v many_o church_n in_o this_o country_n &_o famous_a monastery_n which_o be_v build_v heretofore_o at_o the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o namurcium_n and_o endow_v with_o great_a revennewe_n three_o mile_n from_o namurcium_n there_o be_v the_o rich_a town_n audennas_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o ancient_a nunnery_n for_o noble_a woman_n build_v by_o begga_n daughter_n of_o pepin_n from_o who_o they_o be_v first_o call_v baggine_v vestal_n the_o politic_a state_n of_o the_o county_n of_o namurcium_n do_v consist_v of_o three_o member_n which_o be_v the_o clergy_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n the_o clergy_n be_v the_o abbot_n of_o floref_n granpre_n anden_n bonef_n wassore_fw-la hastieis_n the_o nobility_n be_v the_o viscount_n do_v etc._n etc._n the_o chief_a city_n be_v namur_n bovinae_n charlemont_n valencourt_n or_o walencourt_n in_o the_o city_n of_o namurcum_n there_o be_v a_o royal_a counsel_n from_o whence_o appeal_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o court_n of_o mechlin_n there_o be_v also_o a_o bishop_n seat_n who_o cathedral_n church_n be_v consecrate_v to_o s._n albine_n the_o citizen_n be_v use_v to_o arm_n and_o
great_a city_n and_o from_o thence_o it_o be_v there_o call_v susatum_fw-la because_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o convenient_a situation_n house_n be_v build_v by_o the_o castle_n so_o that_o from_o the_o daily_a increase_n thereof_o it_o be_v call_v sutatum_fw-la as_o it_o be_v ein_fw-ge zusatz_n it_o have_v also_o many_o neighbour_a village_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o it_o which_o they_o common_o call_v die_n burden_n this_o city_n be_v now_o under_o the_o duke_n of_o cleveland_n protection_n but_o before_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o colen_n wesel_n be_v a_o fair_a rich_a city_n famous_a for_o traffic_n and_o merchandise_v it_o be_v call_v the_o low_a wesell_n to_o difference_n and_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o high_a which_o be_v situate_a also_o on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o rhine_n the_o river_n lâ—â—_n bring_v up_o many_o commodity_n unto_o it_o which_o run_v by_o the_o left_a side_n thereof_o do_v straightway_o associate_v and_o join_v itself_o with_o the_o rhine_n there_o be_v at_o wesell_v a_o memorable_a altar_n of_o mercy_n which_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o most_o illustrious_a lord_n henry_n oliserius_n surname_v baer_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o cleveland_n etc._n etc._n do_v place_n here_o and_o consecrate_v be_v a_o hospital_n for_o age_a people_n where_o they_o have_v all_o thing_n necessary_a provide_v for_o they_o and_o the_o son_n follow_v his_o father_n example_n have_v enlarge_v the_o yearly_a revennewe_n of_o it_o osnaburg_n or_o ossenburg_n be_v a_o famous_a city_n build_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o engerne_n as_o hermannus_n testify_v other_o do_v suppose_v that_o this_o city_n be_v begin_v by_o julius_n caesar_n as_o the_o saxon_n annal_n do_v mention_v they_o report_v that_o it_o be_v so_o name_v from_o the_o oxe-hides_a with_o which_o this_o city_n be_v encompass_v it_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o pleasant_a valley_n and_o it_o be_v water_v with_o the_o river_n hasa_n they_o brew_v good_a fat_a drink_n in_o it_o which_o they_o call_v buse_n charles_n the_o great_a when_o after_o 30_o year_n war_n he_o have_v conquer_v the_o saxon_n and_o have_v take_v the_o castle_n of_o widekind_n which_o be_v near_o unto_o this_o city_n and_o have_v put_v a_o strong_a garrison_n in_o it_o he_o institute_v twelve_o bishopricke_n in_o saxony_n and_o make_v the_o bishopric_n of_o osnaburg_n the_o chief_a for_o he_o esteem_v this_o city_n above_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o grant_v they_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o free_a school_n for_o the_o teach_n of_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a tongue_n as_o munster_n hamelmann_n and_o the_o chronicle_n of_o argentine_n do_v also_o mention_v minda_fw-mi common_o called_z minden_n be_v a_o pleasant_a strong_a city_n and_o the_o river_n visurgis_n yield_v it_o great_a store_n of_o fish_n and_o bring_v up_o many_o commodity_n unto_o it_o it_o brew_v good_a drink_n which_o be_v much_o esteem_v and_o vent_v great_a store_n of_o commodity_n by_o way_n of_o traffic_n concern_v the_o beginning_n hereof_o munster_n write_v thus_o when_o wildekindus_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o saxony_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n he_o give_v the_o emperor_n charles_n his_o castle_n near_o the_o river_n wesera_n on_o condition_n that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v have_v part_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v able_a to_o receive_v they_o both_o so_o that_o the_o bishop_n may_v say_v this_o castle_n shall_v be_v i_o and_o thou_o for_o both_o of_o we_o have_v right_o unto_o it_o and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v so_o call_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n myndyn_n but_o in_o the_o process_n of_o time_n the_o letty_a â—_o be_v change_v into_o a_o e_o and_o now_o that_o same_o city_n be_v call_v mynden_n the_o second_o table_n of_o westphalia_n westphaliae_fw-la tabula_fw-la ii_o the_o bishopric_n of_o munster_n the_o bishopric_n of_o munster_n be_v situate_v in_o a_o fertile_a soil_n abound_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o fruit_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o county_n benthemium_n on_o the_o east_n the_o bishopric_n of_o padelbrum_n on_o the_o south_n the_o county_n of_o zutphan_n and_o marcan_a charles_n the_o great_a emperor_n of_o rome_n and_o king_n of_o france_n which_o conquer_v lower_v saxony_n which_o be_v now_o call_v westphalia_n do_v institute_v this_o bishopric_n and_o call_v it_o mimingerodensis_n or_o mimingardevorensis_n afterward_o he_o call_v it_o munster_n from_o a_o monastery_n which_o he_o build_v there_o in_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n hermannus_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n thereof_o the_o city_n be_v strong_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n especial_o since_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o anabaptist_n cease_v it_o be_v situate_v on_o a_o plain_a have_v five_o fair_a canonical_a college_n and_o a_o school_n famous_a for_o learning_n and_o arts._n the_o inhabitant_n be_v laborious_a and_o industrious_a and_o do_v transport_v their_o commodity_n into_o foreign_a country_n but_o after_o that_o the_o spaniard_n have_v war_n with_o the_o low_a country_n they_o be_v prohibit_v and_o forbid_v to_o trade_n and_o traffic_v with_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o after_o the_o reign_n of_o ferdinand_n the_o first_o all_o that_o be_v not_o of_o the_o roman_a religion_n be_v enforce_v to_o leave_v the_o city_n to_o their_o great_a loss_n and_o damage_n it_o be_v govern_v former_o and_o now_o also_o by_o bishop_n their_o catalogue_n follow_v the_o first_o bishop_n be_v ludgerus_fw-la frisius_n brother_n to_o hildegrine_n bishop_n of_o halberstadt_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 809._o after_o who_o there_o follow_v godfrey_n alfrid_n lubbertus_n and_o bertoldus_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n arnulph_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 895_o and_o afterward_o william_n richard_n reinolds_n hildebald_a dodo_n suederus_n theodore_n sigefride_n and_o hermann_n the_o first_o who_o build_v a_o monastery_n beyond_o the_o water_n whence_o the_o town_n be_v call_v munster_n in_o the_o year_n 1025_o who_o successor_n be_v call_v the_o bishop_n of_o munster_n namely_o robert_n frederick_n the_o brother_n of_o the_o marquesse_n of_o misnia_n erpo_n theodoricke_n of_o wintzenburg_n henry_n egbert_n wernerus_n henry_n ludovicke_n godescal_n a_o saxon_a who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1200._o hermann_n the_o second_o count_n of_o catznelbogen_n otto_n count_n of_o bâ—nthâ—m_n theodoricke_n ludolphus_n count_n of_o holte_n otto_n the_o second_o count_n of_o lip_n william_n the_o second_o baron_n of_o holte_n gerard_n count_n of_o marca_n everhard_n count_n of_o do_v otto_n the_o three_o count_n of_o retberge_n conradus_n ludovicke_n count_n of_o hassia_n adolphus_n count_n of_o marca_n in_o the_o year_n 13â—5_n john_n count_n of_o virnenburch_n translate_v to_o vltrajectum_n florentius_n count_n of_o vevelichoven_n paro_n bohemus_n the_o bishopric_n of_o munster_n monasteriensis_n episcopatus_fw-la henry_n wulf_n otto_n the_o four_o count_n of_o hoya_n henry_n count_n of_o mursium_n walramus_fw-la brother_n to_o henry_n john_n bavarus_n henry_n bishop_n of_o bremes_n conrade_n count_n of_o retberg_n eric_n elect_a duke_n of_o saxony_n in_o the_o year_n 1508._o frederick_n count_n of_o weda_n eric_n count_n of_o grubenhager_n franciscus_n count_n of_o waldeck_n in_o who_o reign_n the_o anabaptist_n do_v make_v a_o great_a tumult_n or_o faction_n have_v one_o john_n of_o leiden_fw-mi for_o their_o captain_n who_o will_v needs_o be_v call_v king_n of_o israel_n after_o waldeck_n there_o be_v william_n ketler_n bernard_n raesvelt_n and_o john_n come_v of_o hoya_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1574._o john_n william_n duke_n of_o cleveland_n who_o resign_v to_o ernest_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n and_o bishop_n of_o colen_n after_o who_o decease_n his_o nephew_n ferdinand_n succeed_v the_o three_o table_n of_o westphalia_n the_o three_o table_n of_o westphalia_n as_o the_o title_n show_v do_v lively_a delineare_fw-la &_o describe_v three_o part_n the_o dukdome_n of_o bergen_n the_o county_n of_o march_n and_o the_o dioecese_n of_o colen_n situation_n which_o we_o will_v run_v over_o in_o the_o same_o order_n as_o they_o be_v propound_v the_o first_o be_v the_o dukedom_n bergen_n which_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o town_n bergen_n it_o begin_v at_o low_a wesel_n and_o so_o run_v up_o a_o great_a way_n towards_o rhine_n but_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o this_o dukedom_n munster_n write_v thus_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n auceps_fw-la king_n of_o the_o roman_n namely_o in_o the_o year_n 724_o government_n there_o be_v two_o brother_n unto_o who_o for_o their_o former_a service_n king_n henry_n give_v a_o certain_a part_n of_o westphalia_n in_o which_o the_o elder_a namely_o adolphus_n build_v a_o castle_n near_o the_o county_n of_o arnsperg_n and_o call_v it_o volvesheg_n and_o afterward_o he_o bring_v all_o the_o country_n to_o civility_n and_o adorn_v it_o with_o many_o town_n and_o village_n the_o other_o brother_n call_v eberhard_n do_v also_o build_v a_o
the_o german_n be_v original_o and_o ancient_o call_v germane_a as_o appear_v by_o other_o writing_n as_o also_o out_o of_o procopius_n caesariensis_n who_o be_v a_o sharp_a sight_v and_o judicious_a writer_n the_o first_o prince_n of_o franconia_n be_v genebaldus_n who_o be_v governor_n thereof_o thirty_o year_n after_o he_o there_o succeed_v marcomirus_n dagobert_n ludovicke_n the_o first_o marcomirus_n the_o second_o waramund_n alias_o pharamund_n who_o be_v make_v king_n of_o france_n leave_v his_o dukedom_n to_o his_o brother_n marcomer_n also_o prunmesser_n genebald_a the_o second_o suno_n luitemarus_n hugbalaus_n helmericus_n gotefrid_n genebald_a the_o three_o ludovick_n the_o three_o after_o who_o there_o follow_v erebarâ—_n ludovicke_n the_o four_o gospert_a the_o second_o and_o hetacus_n the_o last_o duke_n who_o die_v without_o a_o heir_n he_o leave_v the_o dukedom_n to_o wituninus_n king_n of_o france_n who_o be_v also_o call_v pepin_n which_o afterward_o his_o son_n charles_n the_o great_a give_v to_o burchard_n the_o first_o bishop_n of_o viceburg_n and_o to_o his_o successor_n after_o he_o and_o so_o bestow_v it_o on_o the_o church_n in_o the_o year_n 752._o it_o be_v now_o a_o dukedom_n which_o tittle_n the_o bishop_n of_o herbipolis_n assume_v to_o himself_o yet_o all_o francâ—nia_n be_v not_o subject_a unto_o he_o for_o kitzinga_n and_o bristadium_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o marquesse_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o gralingiacum_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o babenberg_n also_o chronacum_n forchimium_n staphelsteinium_n â—ochstadium_fw-la be_v under_o the_o bishop_n of_o herbipolis_n koningspergum_n oxenfordia_n carolastadium_n hasfordia_n and_o bischofsheim_n alderburg_n middleburg_n and_o some_o other_o town_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o moguntinum_n colburg_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n wirceburg_n which_o conradus_n corta_fw-la call_v erebipolis_n ligurinus_n herbipolis_n spanhemius_n marcopolis_n ptolemaeus_n artaunum_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n wirtzburg_n from_o a_o sweet_a kind_n of_o wort_n or_o drink_n which_o the_o country_n of_o herbipolis_n do_v yield_v be_v the_o metropolis_n and_o mother_n city_n of_o east_n france_n in_o which_o boniface_n archbishop_n of_o moguntinum_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 751_o erect_a a_o bishopric_n it_o be_v situate_v on_o a_o plain_a be_v encompass_v on_o every_o side_n with_o fair_a hill_n pleasant_a garden_n and_o fruitful_a meadow_n and_o also_o well_o fortify_v with_o ditch_n rampire_n wall_n tower_n and_o bulwark_n it_o be_v full_a of_o citizen_n and_o have_v many_o fair_a building_n on_o the_o west_n moenus_n run_v by_o it_o which_o be_v a_o navigable_a river_n and_o it_o have_v a_o stone_n bridge_n stand_v over_o it_o which_o be_v build_v on_o strong_a pile_n near_o the_o river_n moenus_n there_o be_v a_o castle_n seat_v on_o the_o mountain_n which_o have_v hold_v out_o many_o siege_n and_o therefore_o seem_v to_o be_v impregnable_a at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n there_o be_v a_o monastery_n which_o be_v build_v by_o burchard_n at_o the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o cumbert_n king_n of_o france_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o great_a confessor_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v much_o from_o our_o present_a purpose_n to_o know_v the_o form_n and_o order_n of_o the_o inauguration_n and_o consecration_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o duke_n of_o wirceburg_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o former_a bishop_n the_o bishop_n that_o be_v design_v enter_v into_o the_o city_n with_o a_o great_a troop_n of_o horse_n be_v come_v into_o the_o city_n he_o alight_v from_o his_o horse_n and_o have_v put_v off_o his_o rich_a robe_n four_o earl_n do_v bring_v he_o into_o our_o saviour_n church_n or_o house_n bear_v head_v and_o barefooted_a in_o a_o poor_a weed_n or_o habit_n gird_v about_o with_o a_o little_a cord_n the_o official_a earl_n be_v the_o lord_n of_o hennenbergh_n castel_n werthein_n and_o reineck_n then_o the_o dean_n together_o with_o the_o clergy_n go_v forth_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o ask_v he_o what_o he_o seek_v or_o what_o he_o desire_v and_o then_o he_o answer_v very_o submissive_o that_o though_o unworthy_a he_o be_v now_o ready_a to_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o office_n unto_o which_o he_o be_v choose_v and_o to_o discharge_v it_o faithful_o then_o the_o dean_n say_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o chapter_n i_o do_v here_o commit_v unto_o thy_o charge_n the_o house_n of_o the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o dukedom_n annex_v to_o it_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n afterward_o he_o follow_v the_o clergy_n into_o our_o saviour_n house_n and_o have_v put_v on_o the_o pontifical_a robe_n he_o first_o hear_v mass_n and_o afterward_o have_v a_o banquet_n but_o first_o the_o body_n of_o the_o bishop_n decease_v be_v emboweld_a and_o set_v down_o in_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o his_o heart_n be_v take_v out_o be_v put_v in_o a_o glass_n vessel_n the_o next_o day_n he_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n into_o saint_n james_n his_o monastery_n hold_v in_o his_o right_a hand_n a_o crozier_n and_o in_o his_o leave_v a_o sword_n the_o three_o day_n they_o go_v again_o to_o our_o saviour_n house_n where_o after_o dirge_n and_o prayer_n he_o be_v at_o last_o bury_v with_o a_o crozier_n and_o a_o sword_n the_o other_o city_n be_v that_o which_o ptolemie_n call_v bamberg_n peter_n appianus_n call_v it_o granionarium_fw-la and_o granionarion_n in_o a_o greek_a book_n it_o be_v at_o first_o call_v balemberg_n that_o be_v the_o mountain_n of_o baba_n from_o baba_n the_o daughter_n of_o otto_n duke_n of_o saxome_a and_o wife_n to_o albert_n earl_n of_o babemberg_n other_o do_v call_v this_o city_n psawenberg_n it_o be_v a_o very_a pleasant_a city_n situate_v by_o the_o river_n regnuz_fw-fr it_o have_v many_o mountain_n hill_n and_o garden_n and_o a_o very_a fruitful_a soil_n where_o great_a store_n of_o musmillians_n and_o liquerize_n do_v grow_v it_o be_v a_o episcopal_a seat_n and_o as_o it_o have_v bread_n many_o happy_a wit_n so_o it_o glori_v chief_o in_o joachim_n camerarius_fw-la a_o man_n famous_a for_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o work_n set_v out_o by_o he_o which_o be_v read_v with_o much_o admiration_n there_o be_v also_o francosort_n or_o francoford_n by_o the_o river_n moene_a which_o be_v common_o call_v frank_n furtam_fw-la main_a to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o other_o franckofort_n which_o be_v situate_v by_o odera_n munster_n write_v that_o it_o be_v heretofore_o call_v helenopolis_n but_o he_o do_v not_o show_v when_o or_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v so_o call_v henry_n stephanus_n call_v it_o in_o his_o emconion_n of_o this_o city_n the_o academy_n of_o the_o muse_n the_o athens_n of_o frankford_n the_o muse_n mercurial_a fair_n and_o the_o compendium_n or_o epitome_n of_o all_o the_o mart_n of_o the_o world_n this_o city_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o river_n moenus_n and_o join_v together_o again_o with_o a_o stone_n bridge_n it_o be_v now_o a_o imperial_a city_n and_o famous_a through_o the_o whole_a world_n for_o two_o mart_n or_o fair_n here_o the_o elector_n do_v choose_v the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o if_o there_o be_v competitor_n that_o stand_v for_o the_o empire_n they_o do_v here_o sight_n for_o it_o and_o try_v it_o by_o battle_n there_o be_v also_o moguntia_n common_o call_v mentz_n some_o call_v it_o moguntiacum_n ptolemy_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 8._o tab_v 3._o call_v it_o neomagum_n moguntia_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n maenus_n which_o some_o do_v call_v moganus_fw-la and_o other_o mogus_n it_o be_v a_o episcopal_a and_o metropolitan_a city_n it_o have_v a_o fruitful_a soil_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n which_o yield_v great_a store_n of_o wine_n it_o be_v large_a and_o well_o fortify_v and_o very_o populous_a on_o that_o side_n which_o be_v towards_o rheâ—â—_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o have_v few_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v very_o long_o but_o narrow_a there_o be_v fair_a house_n build_v after_o the_o roman_a fashion_n and_o magnificent_a collegiate_n church_n with_o the_o bishop_n castle_n here_o be_v a_o university_n erect_v by_o bishop_n theodoricke_n and_o it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o art_n of_o printing_n be_v invent_v here_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n who_o be_v elector_n and_o chanceller_n of_o the_o empire_n there_o be_v also_o mons_fw-la regius_n common_o call_v conigsperg_n where_o john_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr regio_fw-la a_o great_a mathematician_n be_v bear_v who_o commentary_n upon_o ptolemy_n almage_a be_v yet_o extant_a schweinfordia_n be_v situate_v by_o the_o river_n moene_a in_o the_o middle_n almost_o of_o franconia_n there_o be_v also_o kitzinga_n and_o fridberg_n a_o imperial_a city_n and_o other_o moreover_o the_o first_o circle_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v in_o franconia_n in_o
mountain_n furcas_fw-la pescas_fw-la and_o auximus_fw-la so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n auximum_n and_o corvus_n whence_o many_o river_n together_o with_o albula_n and_o truento_n do_v run_v through_o the_o marrucinians_n the_o praecutianian_n and_o the_o marsian_o but_o the_o apennine_a mount_n in_o this_o place_n where_o it_o hang_v over_o this_o country_n be_v high_a here_o be_v these_o bishopric_n asculanensis_fw-la firmianus_n camerinensis_n auximanensis_fw-la humanas_fw-la anconitanus_n esinensis_n or_o exinas_n senogaliensis_n fanensis_fw-la pisaurensis_fw-la forosemproniensis_fw-la calliensis_fw-la vibinas_n or_o s._n leonis_fw-la maceratensis_n racanatensis_n the_o dukedom_n of_o spoleto_n the_o dukedom_n of_o spoleto_n common_o call_v ducato_n di_fw-it spoleto_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n spoleto_n which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lombardy_n it_o be_v heretofore_o call_v vmbria_n it_o may_v be_v clear_o collect_v out_o of_o strabo_n that_o the_o bound_n of_o vmbria_n be_v heretofore_o very_o large_a who_o make_v the_o apennine_a mountain_n and_o the_o hadriatick_a sea_n to_o be_v the_o bound_n thereof_o some_o do_v make_v the_o length_n of_o it_o to_o be_v from_o ravenna_n to_o tiberis_n which_o be_v a_o 1650._o furlong_n or_o 1128._o furlong_n and_o a_o half_a the_o country_n be_v here_o full_a of_o high_a rugged_a mountain_n and_o there_o garnish_v and_o trim_v with_o hill_n which_o do_v yield_v great_a store_n of_o wine_n oil_n fig_n and_o other_o fruit_n and_o then_o again_o it_o open_v into_o fertile_a and_o fruitful_a plain_n the_o city_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o spoleto_n be_v eugubium_n which_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o apennine_a and_o there_o lie_v a_o pleasant_a fair_a plain_n before_o it_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v that_o which_o silius_n call_v inginium_n cicero_n iguvium_n ptol._n isâ—vion_n it_o be_v a_o old_a town_n and_o of_o great_a antiquity_n it_o be_v now_o a_o populous_a town_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v live_v by_o dress_v and_o spin_v of_o wool_n the_o soil_n be_v partly_o mountainous_a partly_o champion_n and_o it_o have_v every_o where_o great_a store_n of_o corne._n neuceria_n also_o cleave_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o apennine_a the_o itinerarie_a table_n do_v call_v it_o nucerium_n common_o nocera_n and_o in_o their_o language_n fulignum_fw-la or_o fuligno_fw-la it_o be_v above_o a_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o furlong_n from_o perusia_n sibus_fw-la italicus_n call_v it_o fulginia_n timia_n be_v divide_v with_o a_o little_a poor_a stream_n in_o the_o market_n place_n there_o be_v three_o palace_n in_o one_o of_o which_o there_o do_v dwell_v the_o 7._o man_n call_v fulginate_v before_o who_o all_o civil_a controversy_n be_v bring_v who_o bear_v that_o office_n for_o two_o year_n in_o the_o other_o the_o praetor_n who_o judge_v of_o more_o weighty_a cause_n and_o his_o office_n last_v six_o month_n in_o the_o three_o be_v the_o governor_n who_o have_v chief_a power_n under_o the_o pope_n assisum_fw-la be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o mountain_n a_v near_o unto_o it_o ptolemy_n call_v it_o aesisium_n strabo_n aesium_fw-la it_o be_v common_o call_v ascesi_n and_o sâ—si_n it_o have_v a_o bishop_n here_o s._n francis_n be_v bear_v who_o institute_v the_o order_n of_o minorite_n friar_n and_o it_o have_v a_o sumptuous_a church_n here_o be_v also_o a_o well-furnished_a library_n mons_fw-la falco_n be_v a_o new_a town_n seat_v among_o pleasant_a hill_n and_o very_o populous_a b._n clara_n who_o found_v the_o order_n of_o s._n clares_z nun_n be_v bear_v here_o there_o be_v also_o spoletum_n from_o whence_o vmbria_n be_v call_v the_o dukedom_n of_o spoleto_n it_o be_v common_o call_v spoleto_n strabo_n and_o ptolemy_n do_v call_v it_o spol_n tium_fw-la it_o have_v a_o unequal_a situation_n partly_o on_o a_o plain_a and_o partly_o on_o a_o hill_n on_o which_o there_o be_v a_o strong_a castle_n build_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o amphitheatre_n it_o be_v now_o a_o fair_a city_n abound_v with_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n there_o be_v beside_o many_o other_o ancient_a edifice_n as_o the_o foundation_n of_o a_o amphitheatre_n and_o the_o old_a church_n of_o concordia_n without_o the_o city_n and_o there_o be_v piece_n of_o aqueduct_n which_o be_v cut_v out_o of_o the_o apennine_a and_o partly_o convey_v to_o the_o city_n through_o brick_n vault_n and_o channel_n ceretum_fw-la be_v a_o new_a town_n but_o populous_a from_o whence_o the_o ceretain_v be_v now_o call_v errones_fw-la or_o night-wanderer_n who_o travel_n through_o all_o italy_n under_o the_o pretence_n and_o colour_n of_o sanctity_n and_o religion_n and_o get_v their_o live_n by_o divers_a arts._n the_o castellanian_a bridge_n or_o ponte_n castello_n be_v build_v by_o the_o ceretanians_n here_o john_n pontanus_n be_v bear_v a_o famous_a learned_a man_n conissa_n be_v a_o new_a town_n seat_v on_o a_o mountain_n but_o very_o populous_a that_o which_o strabo_n call_v interamna_n and_o antoninus_n interamnia_n and_o the_o irinerarie_a table_n iâ—teramnium_n be_v common_o call_v terni_fw-la or_o terani_fw-la it_o abound_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a and_o be_v very_o populous_a the_o river_n make_v the_o soil_n very_o fruitful_a vernaccia_n have_v excellent_a wine_n tudâ—r_o be_v a_o ancient_a city_n situate_v on_o a_o pleasant_a hill_n adorn_v and_o garnish_v with_o fig_n olive_n vine_n and_o other_o fruit_n it_o have_v these_o lake_n floridum_fw-la velinum_n cutiliensis_n and_o beside_o inginium_n which_o strabo_n mention_v it_o have_v these_o mountain_n eugubinum_fw-la floridum_fw-la and_o other_o there_o be_v also_o the_o crustumenian_a mountain_n out_o of_o which_o the_o river_n asia_n flow_v with_o a_o deep_a channel_n there_o be_v all_o fiscellus_n which_o pliny_n call_v the_o top_n of_o the_o apennine_a whence_o the_o river_n nar_n issue_v from_o two_o fountain_n it_o be_v now_o call_v monte_fw-fr fiscello_n there_o be_v also_o a_o part_n of_o the_o apennine_a which_o be_v call_v mons_fw-la victor_n where_o it_o lift_v up_o his_o high_a top_n above_o the_o castle_n arquata_n and_o seem_v to_o exceed_v itself_o in_o height_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v call_v mons_fw-la victor_n because_o it_o exceed_v the_o rest_n in_o height_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v more_o warlike_a than_o the_o other_o people_n of_o italy_n the_o bishop_n ariminensis_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o ravenna_n there_o be_v these_o bishopric_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o spoleto_n assisinas_n fulginas_fw-la nucerinus_fw-la eugubinus_n spoletinus_n tudertinus_fw-la ameliensis_n narniensis_fw-la interamniensis_fw-la campagna_n di_fw-it roma_fw-it heretofore_o call_v latium_fw-la next_o latium_n offer_v itself_o to_o be_v describe_v which_o be_v a_o country_n of_o italy_n much_o celebrate_v and_o praise_v by_o all_o author_n it_o be_v think_v that_o latium_n be_v so_o callen_v from_o saturnus_n who_o fly_v from_o his_o country_n in_o his_o locis_fw-la latebat_fw-la hide_v himself_o in_o these_o part_n varro_n think_v that_o this_o country_n be_v so_o name_v because_o it_o lay_v hide_v among_o the_o high_a steep_a rock_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o the_o apennine_a the_o sea_n and_o tiber._n other_o say_v that_o it_o be_v name_v latium_n from_o king_n latinus_n some_o derive_v it_o from_o the_o latitude_n because_o there_o be_v no_o country_n between_o the_o mountain_n and_o the_o sea_n that_o have_v a_o great_a latitude_n than_o this_o it_o be_v now_o call_v territorio_fw-la romaâ—um_fw-la or_o campagna_n di_fw-it roma_fw-it the_o most_o do_v make_v the_o bound_n of_o latium_n on_o the_o north_n the_o apennine_a mountain_n &_o the_o river_n anio_n on_o the_o east_n liris_n on_o the_o south_n the_o tyrrhene_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n the_o river_n tiber_n which_o do_v encompass_v the_o tuscian_o sabinian_o marsian_o samnite_n praegutianian_n and_o campanian_o it_o be_v a_o very_a fertile_a country_n except_o in_o some_o place_n near_o the_o border_n where_o it_o be_v stony_a and_o mountainous_a and_o have_v many_o marsh_n which_o do_v make_v the_o air_n thick_a and_o unwholesome_a the_o sicilian_n the_o aborginians_n the_o pelasgian_n the_o arcadian_n the_o auruncian_n the_o volscian_n the_o oscian_o the_o ausonian_n and_o other_o do_v first_o inhabit_v it_o so_o much_o brief_o concern_v latium_n in_o general_a now_o our_o method_n require_v that_o we_o shall_v describe_v it_o in_o particular_a begin_v from_o that_o city_n which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o compendium_n or_o epitome_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n this_o city_n show_v herself_o in_o ancient_a latium_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v pass_v out_o of_o etruria_n over_o tiberis_n it_o still_o keep_v her_o former_a name_n it_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o soil_n not_o very_o fertile_a right_a against_o the_o south_n and_o have_v a_o untemperate_a air_n and_o climate_n it_o be_v three_o mile_n in_o compass_n which_o be_v the_o compass_n of_o ancient_a rome_n but_o now_o it_o be_v far_o less_o it_o have_v 360._o
which_o flow_v between_o they_o the_o first_o and_o the_o great_a be_v call_v japan_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o and_o fifty_o signiory_n or_o lordship_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v meaci_n and_o amaguncij_fw-la the_o second_o be_v call_v ximo_n and_o it_o have_v 9_o lordship_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v bungi_n and_o figen_n the_o three_o be_v xicoum_n which_o contain_v 4._o kingdom_n the_o length_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n as_o some_o do_v report_n be_v almost_o 200._o league_n but_o breadth_n be_v not_o so_o much_o for_o it_o be_v no_o where_n above_o 30._o league_n broad_a and_o in_o some_o place_n but_o 10._o there_o be_v no_o certainty_n concern_v the_o compass_n of_o it_o it_o lie_v northward_o from_o the_o aequinoctial_a from_o the_o 30._o degree_n almost_o to_o the_o 38._o degree_n on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v new_a spain_n on_o the_o north_n scythia_n or_o tartary_n on_o the_o west_n china_n and_o on_o the_o south_n a_o great_a sea_n between_o it_o and_o undiscovered_a land_n it_o have_v a_o wholesome_a climate_n but_o it_o have_v much_o cold_a and_o snow_n neither_o be_v it_o very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n they_o do_v reap_v their_o rice_n and_o in_o some_o place_n they_o do_v reap_v wheat_n in_o may_n neither_o do_v make_v bread_n of_o it_o but_o a_o kind_n of_o pudding_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v dig_v divers_a sort_n of_o metal_n out_o of_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o make_v other_o remote_a nation_n come_v to_o trade_n with_o they_o and_o this_o island_n have_v such_o store_n of_o gold_n that_o as_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n witness_v the_o king_n royal_a palace_n be_v cover_v with_o street_n of_o gold_n as_o we_o cover_v house_n with_o lead_n or_o brass_n they_o have_v tree_n for_o delight_n and_o bear_n of_o fruit_n like_o we_o and_o in_o many_o place_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o cedar_n tree_n which_o be_v so_o tall_a and_o thick_a that_o carpenter_n make_v pillar_n of_o church_n of_o they_o and_o mast_n for_o ship_n of_o great_a burden_n the_o japonian_o do_v not_o keep_v sheep_n hog_n hen_n nor_o goose_n about_o their_o house_n but_o in_o the_o field_n and_o meadow_n there_o be_v whole_a drove_n of_o ox_n and_o horse_n and_o the_o forest_n and_o thicket_n be_v full_a of_o wolf_n connye_n boar_n and_o heart_n and_o it_o have_v divers_a sort_n of_o fowl_n as_o pheasant_n duck_n ringdove_n turtle-dove_n starling_n and_o moorehens_n japan_n be_v heretofore_o subject_a to_o one_o emperor_n or_o governor_n who_o be_v call_v vo_o or_o dair_a until_o he_o grow_v effeminate_a with_o long_a peace_n and_o addict_v himself_o to_o pleasure_n and_o idleness_n begin_v to_o be_v contemn_v and_o despise_v of_o his_o own_o noble_n and_o especial_o the_o cubi_n for_o so_o the_o two_o chief_a nobleman_n be_v call_v who_o afterward_o slay_v one_o another_o but_o he_o be_v count_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o the_o island_n of_o japan_n japan_n i._n japonian_o who_o govern_v meacum_n and_o the_o lordship_n near_o unto_o it_o which_o country_n they_o call_v by_o one_o common_a name_n tensa_fw-la the_o tyrant_n nobunurga_n do_v sometime_o possess_v these_o part_n he_o be_v kill_v in_o his_o throne_n by_o conspirator_n and_o his_o child_n either_o expulse_v or_o murder_v by_o faction_n and_o force_n faxiba_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a duke_n succeed_v after_o he_o city_n but_o now_o taicosana_n or_o taico_n be_v the_o monarch_n of_o japan_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o japan_n be_v meacum_n which_o be_v a_o great_a city_n be_v 21._o mile_n in_o compass_n but_o now_o a_o three_o part_n be_v decay_v by_o the_o islander_n civil_a war_n here_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o japan_n dwell_v there_o be_v beside_o the_o famous_a city_n ossacaia_n which_o be_v potent_a free_a and_o the_o rich_a city_n as_o some_o suppose_v in_o all_o the_o east_n here_o be_v a_o great_a many_o merchant_n which_o resort_v hither_o from_o every_o place_n of_o which_o the_o mean_a be_v worth_a 30_o thousand_o crown_n and_o the_o other_o be_v incredible_a rich_a bungum_n be_v be_v a_o chief_a city_n and_o well_o seat_v in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o christian_n there_o be_v also_o the_o city_n coya_n sacred_a to_o one_o bontius_n who_o they_o call_v combodassi_n all_o the_o prince_n be_v bury_v in_o this_o city_n or_o if_o otherwhere_n yet_o they_o send_v one_o of_o their_o tooth_n at_o least_o to_o be_v bury_v here_o so_o much_o do_v they_o reverence_v this_o place_n fiongo_n be_v a_o city_n 18_o league_n distant_a from_o meacum_n this_o city_n in_o nobunungas_n time_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n waste_v and_o a_o earthquake_n in_o the_o year_n 1596._o overthrow_v a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o afterward_o the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v burn_v there_o be_v also_o the_o city_n amangasaqui_n five_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n over_o against_o sacai_n it_o have_v also_o vosuquin_n funaium_n and_o tosa_n which_o be_v all_o fair_a city_n and_o other_o which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o omit_v havens_n here_o be_v many_o havens_n among_o which_o ochinofamanus_n in_o which_o a_o great_a number_n of_o ship_n do_v lie_v at_o roade_n and_o it_o have_v many_o mountain_n mountain_n but_o especial_o two_o which_o be_v very_o high_a the_o one_o of_o which_o do_v daily_o cast_v forth_o flame_n of_o fire_n on_o the_o top_n whereof_o the_o devil_n though_o a_o clear_a transparent_a cloud_n do_v appear_v to_o man_n the_o other_o be_v call_v figenojama_n which_o be_v very_o high_a so_o that_o it_o be_v some_o league_n above_o the_o cloud_n work_n they_o do_v build_v magnificent_a temple_n and_o sumptuous_a friaries_n and_o nunnery_n and_o proud_a palace_n we_o have_v former_o out_o of_o paulus_n venetus_n mention_v the_o royal_a palace_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o sheet_n of_o gold_n and_o it_o be_v report_v also_o that_o the_o hall_n and_o parlour_n be_v cover_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n neither_o be_v they_o now_o less_o sumptuous_a and_o magnificent_a in_o such_o kind_n of_o work_n taico_n or_o taicosama_n who_o be_v monarch_n hereof_o do_v build_v a_o court_n here_o which_o he_o cover_v with_o a_o thousand_o rich_a carpet_n with_o silk_n fringe_n and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o carpet_n be_v 8._o land_n breadth_n long_o and_o 4._o broad_a it_o be_v build_v with_o very_o precious_a wood_n and_o so_o gild_v within_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v incredible_a before_o this_o court_n in_o a_o fair_a plain_n he_o command_v that_o a_o theatre_n shall_v be_v raise_v for_o act_v of_o comedy_n i_o pass_v by_o other_o matter_n for_o brevity_n sake_n building_n the_o most_o have_v wooden_a house_n in_o regard_n they_o have_v frequent_a earthquake_n and_o some_o have_v house_n build_v from_o the_o ground_n of_o stone_n very_o neat_o and_o curious_o at_o meacum_n those_o three_o man_n live_v who_o have_v the_o chief_a power_n through_o the_o island_n and_o be_v the_o prime_a man_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n the_o first_o who_o be_v call_v zazo_n government_n be_v like_o the_o chief_a priest_n to_o look_v to_o church_n matter_n the_o second_o be_v call_v voo_n who_o look_v to_o the_o confer_v and_o bestow_v of_o dignity_n and_o honour_n the_o three_o call_v cubacama_n look_v to_o matter_n of_o peace_n of_o war_n but_o the_o people_n of_o this_o i_o will_v be_v divide_v into_o five_o order_n the_o first_o be_v the_o magistrate_n and_o governor_n which_o they_o call_v by_o a_o common_a name_n toni_n although_o the_o toni_n there_o be_v several_a degree_n of_o dignity_n as_o we_o have_v king_n duke_n marquess_n and_o earl_n the_o next_o order_n be_v the_o clergy_n who_o head_n be_v shave_v and_o do_v live_v a_o single_a life_n there_o be_v divers_a sect_n of_o they_o and_o there_o be_v some_o who_o like_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o rhodes_n be_v both_o soldier_n and_o churchman_n but_o they_o be_v call_v by_o one_o common_a appellation_n or_o name_n bonzij_n the_o three_o order_n consist_v of_o the_o citizen_n and_o the_o other_o nobility_n the_o next_o be_v the_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n and_o the_o last_o be_v the_o husbandman_n all_o kind_n of_o delinquent_n and_o malefactor_n be_v punish_v either_o with_o banishment_n or_o death_n they_o be_v common_o execute_v with_o a_o sword_n but_o in_o some_o place_n these_o thief_n that_o be_v take_v be_v carry_v through_o the_o city_n on_o a_o hurdle_n and_o so_o execute_v out_o of_o the_o city_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n they_o do_v miserable_o err_v for_o those_o aforesaid_a bonzij_n be_v their_o tutor_n in_o religion_n and_o their_o two_o god_n be_v amida_n and_o xoca_n and_o they_o have_v other_o god_n also_o to_o who_o they_o pray_v for_o future_a blessing_n which_o they_o call_v fotoques_n and_o they_o have_v other_o inferior_a