quarter_n so_o that_o they_o be_v all_o continual_o busy_a about_o weighty_a affair_n but_o the_o number_n and_o good_a order_n of_o the_o officer_n very_o much_o facilitate_v their_o work_n for_o in_o each_o council_n be_v a_o precedent_n who_o they_o call_v ciu_o who_o have_v two_o assistant_n one_o on_o his_o right_a side_n call_v coxilam_n and_o another_o on_o his_o left_a term_v yeuxilam_n these_o three_o both_o at_o court_n and_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n have_v the_o high_a dignity_n except_o those_o who_o sit_v in_o the_o supreme_a council_n call_v colao_n beside_o these_o three_o principal_a councillor_n there_o be_v belong_v to_o each_o council_n ten_o other_o who_o differ_v but_o little_a in_o dignity_n from_o the_o rest_n be_v always_o employ_v together_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o inferior_a officer_n as_o notary_n scribe_n secretaries_z and_o clerk_n the_o jesuit_n semedo_n in_o his_o relation_n of_o china_n mention_n several_a other_o council_n whereof_o some_o have_v a_o like_a authority_n with_o the_o beforementioned_a six_o all_o which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o chinese_n tongue_n cien_n cim_o and_o consist_v of_o several_a office_n belong_v particular_o to_o the_o king_n household_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v call_v thai_n lisu_n that_o be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o great_a audite_fw-la this_o office_n seem_v like_o the_o great_a chancery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o all_o weighty_a affair_n receive_v a_o determination_n it_o consist_v of_o thirteen_o mandorin_n one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o ten_o under-officer_n the_o second_o be_v call_v quon_n losu_n and_o provide_v for_o their_o imperial_a majesty_n table_n and_o for_o all_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o emperor_n court._n this_o council_n have_v one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o six_o officer_n the_o three_o call_v thaipocusu_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n stable_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o post-horse_n for_o public_a use_n and_o service_n it_o consist_v of_o one_o councillor_n and_o six_o officer_n beside_o all_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o council_n high_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o of_o the_o great_a dignity_n have_v place_n next_o the_o emperor_n in_o all_o public_a solemnity_n those_o that_o sit_v in_o this_o council_n be_v call_v colaos_n be_v seldom_o above_o four_o or_o six_o in_o number_n and_o the_o most_o select_a person_n of_o all_o the_o other_o council_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v honour_v and_o reverence_v according_o no_o private_a affair_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o for_o they_o only_o mind_v the_o public_a good_a and_o government_n sit_v with_o the_o emperor_n in_o private_a council_n for_o the_o abovementioned_a six_o council_n intermeddle_v not_o with_o the_o affoirs_n of_o the_o state_n as_o to_o make_v any_o conclusion_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v only_o to_o debate_n and_o consult_v and_o afterward_o by_o way_n of_o petition_n to_o offer_v their_o advice_n to_o the_o emperor_n who_o either_o alter_v or_o confirm_v what_o they_o have_v do_v according_a as_o he_o see_v cause_n but_o in_o regard_n he_o will_v not_o seem_v whole_o to_o rely_v upon_o his_o own_o judgement_n some_o of_o the_o chief_a philosopher_n always_o attend_v upon_o this_o colaos_n or_o council_n and_o come_v daily_o to_o the_o palace_n to_o answer_v petition_n which_o be_v bring_v continual_o to_o the_o emperor_n in_o great_a number_n this_o last_o conclusion_n the_o emperor_n sign_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n that_o so_o afterward_o his_o command_n may_v be_v execute_v there_o be_v yet_o two_o council_n more_o whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v choli_fw-la and_o the_o other_o tauli_n each_o consist_v of_o above_o sixty_o person_n all_o choice_a philosopher_n and_o wise_a man_n who_o fidelity_n and_o prudence_n both_o the_o emperor_n and_o people_n sufficient_o have_v approve_v and_o therefore_o they_o hold_v they_o in_o great_a honour_n and_o esteem_v with_o these_o his_o majesty_n advise_v upon_o all_o extraordinary_a and_o weighty_a affair_n but_o more_o especial_o when_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v commit_v against_o the_o law_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v several_a other_o council_n whereof_o the_o chief_a be_v call_v han_n lin_n yven_v where_o be_v employ_v none_o but_o learned_a man_n who_o busy_a themselves_o with_o no_o affair_n of_o the_o government_n yet_o exceed_v all_o in_o dignity_n except_o such_o as_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n their_o charge_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o emperor_n write_n to_o compile_v year-book_n and_o write_v law_n and_o order_n from_o among_o these_o be_v choose_v governor_n and_o tutor_n for_o the_o prince_n they_o only_o be_v concern_v in_o matter_n of_o learning_n wherein_o as_o they_o grow_v more_o and_o more_o excellent_a they_o mount_v by_o several_a step_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o honour_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o place_n of_o the_o great_a dignity_n in_o the_o court_n neither_o be_v any_o choose_v into_o the_o great_a colao_n who_o have_v not_o first_o be_v of_o this_o council_n they_o delight_v in_o poetry_n and_o get_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n by_o their_o write_n as_o in_o make_v of_o epitaph_n poem_n and_o the_o like_a to_o pleasure_v their_o friend_n and_o very_o happy_a he_o esteem_v himself_o that_o can_v obtain_v such_o a_o favour_n of_o they_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n nank_v where_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n former_o keep_v their_o court_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o peking_n save_v that_o at_o nank_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o colao_n be_v not_o in_o be_v but_o the_o esteem_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o council_n here_o be_v as_o much_o eclipse_v for_o want_n of_o as_o at_o peking_n it_o be_v advance_v by_o the_o emperor_n presence_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o government_n in_o general_a in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v treat_v of_o particular_a and_o provincial_a jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a empire_n be_v divide_v into_o fifteen_o province_n in_o the_o principal_a city_n whereof_o the_o chief_a and_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n reside_v differ_v little_a in_o method_n and_o rule_n from_o those_o of_o peking_n and_o nank_v and_o so_o not_o consequent_o one_o from_o another_o the_o regiment_n of_o each_o province_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n and_o fidelity_n of_o two_o person_n who_o they_o call_v pucinsu_n and_o manganzasu_fw-la the_o first_o whereof_o intermeddle_v only_o with_o civil_a affair_n and_o the_o other_o be_v altogether_o concern_v in_o criminal_a matter_n they_o have_v both_o their_o seat_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o their_o province_n and_o live_v in_o great_a magnificence_n have_v beside_o several_a officer_n assistant_n unto_o they_o as_o also_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n call_v tauli_n who_o in_o regard_n they_o command_v over_o some_o other_o inferior_a city_n it_o often_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v absent_a from_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n to_o take_v care_n of_o their_o employment_n all_o the_o fifteen_o province_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v be_v subdivide_v into_o several_a other_o less_o portion_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v furio_n over_o each_o of_o which_o be_v appoint_v a_o governor_n call_v gifu_n these_o division_n be_v again_o proportion_v into_o great_a and_o small_a city_n the_o first_o whereof_o they_o call_v ceu_fw-la and_o the_o last_o hien_n each_o have_v a_o particular_a magistrate_n which_o in_o the_o great_a city_n be_v call_v ciceu_n and_o in_o the_o less_o be_v name_v cihien_n for_o ci_o signify_v to_o govern._n every_o principal_a governor_n of_o these_o city_n be_v aid_v by_o three_o councillor_n who_o assist_v they_o with_o advice_n in_o all_o their_o affair_n and_o undertake_n the_o first_o be_v call_v hun_n chim_z the_o second_o chu_n phu_o and_o the_o three_o tun_n su_n and_o have_v their_o particular_a court_n and_o judicature_n but_o the_o governor_n over_o the_o whole_a division_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n than_o in_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o command_n true_a it_o be_v he_o may_v condemn_v a_o malefactor_n to_o die_v but_o he_o can_v put_v the_o sentence_n in_o execution_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v join_v in_o commission_n with_o he_o but_o in_o regard_n a_o account_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o whole_a management_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o transaction_n of_o all_o the_o province_n at_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n therefore_o in_o each_o province_n there_o be_v appoint_v two_o other_o great_a officer_n by_o the_o court_n who_o in_o eminency_n of_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n of_o commission_n exceed_v the_o rest_n the_o one_o of_o these_o always_o reside_v in_o some_o of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v call_v tutang_n the_o other_o be_v send_v yearly_o from_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n and_o
several_a question_n concern_v the_o trade_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o unite_a netherlands_o which_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o ambassador_n they_o seem_v satisfy_v and_o return_v to_o the_o ship_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n upon_o the_o 29._o come_v again_o a_o new_a heyton_n with_o a_o vice-admiral_n as_o commissioner_n from_o canton_n to_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n and_o to_o conduct_v they_o thither_o whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n at_o their_o invitation_n go_v again_o ashore_o and_o be_v conduct_v to_o a_o idol-temple_n where_o be_v receive_v after_o the_o usual_a manner_n they_o spread_v their_o credential_n upon_o the_o table_n then_o heyton_n begin_v to_o propose_v several_a question_n namely_o whether_o we_o do_v not_o sail_n from_o canton_n about_o two_o year_n what_o manner_n of_o ware_n and_o merchandises_n we_o have_v bring_v with_o we_o who_o be_v aboard_o the_o other_o ship_n and_o how_o they_o come_v to_o separate_v from_o we_o how_o many_o man_n and_o gun_n be_v in_o each_o ship_n why_o they_o do_v not_o come_v the_o last_o last_o year_n and_o why_o we_o stay_v away_o one_o year_n and_o then_o come_v the_o second_o when_o by_o who_o as_o also_o to_o what_o end_n the_o letter_n be_v write_v and_o the_o ambassador_n address_v themselves_o what_o present_v we_o have_v bring_v in_o particular_a for_o the_o emperor_n they_o seem_v to_o wonder_v very_o much_o that_o the_o ambassador_n have_v bring_v no_o letter_n to_o the_o teutang_n in_o canton_n and_o that_o the_o letter_n be_v put_v up_o so_o mean_o for_o they_o let_v they_o understand_v that_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v put_v up_o in_o a_o golden_a purse_n or_o box_n at_o least_o at_o last_o they_o thus_o make_v a_o conclusion_n that_o the_o next_o day_n they_o will_v come_v aboard_o our_o ship_n to_o receive_v the_o present_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n depart_v and_o go_v aboard_o again_o the_o next_o day_n the_o same_o commissioner_n with_o a_o great_a many_o courtier_n come_v aboard_o bring_v with_o they_o several_a vessel_n very_o handsome_o set_v off_o with_o silk_n flag_n and_o pennon_n to_o take_v in_o the_o present_n as_o well_o for_o the_o emperor_n as_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n and_o the_o teutang_n which_o they_o receive_v with_o great_a civility_n the_o heyton_n come_v himself_o aboard_o to_o bid_v we_o welcome_a and_o carry_v the_o ambassador_n with_o their_o secretary_n henry_n baron_n and_o four_o of_o their_o follower_n in_o one_o of_o their_o vessel_n to_o the_o city_n of_o canton_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o vice-admiral_n where_o be_v arrive_v the_o say_a commissioner_n go_v into_o the_o city_n without_o speak_v one_o word_n to_o the_o ambassador_n and_o after_o that_o the_o retinue_n have_v stay_v at_o least_o two_o hour_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n they_o be_v send_v for_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o viceroy_n and_o conduct_v to_o a_o lodging_n without_o the_o wall_n where_o former_o mr._n schedel_n have_v lodge_v and_o there_o guard_v and_o take_v care_n of_o by_o the_o city_n marshal_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 31._o there_o come_v to_o our_o lodging_n with_o commissioner_n the_o mandorin_n poetsiensin_n the_o emperor_n treasurer_n have_v the_o four_o voice_n of_o the_o government_n in_o the_o city_n they_o begin_v again_o to_o move_v several_a question_n to_o the_o ambassador_n ask_v they_o how_o many_o year_n they_o have_v be_v marry_v their_o name_n and_o former_a employment_n as_o likewise_o if_o they_o have_v no_o copy_n of_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o whether_o that_o letter_n be_v not_o write_v upon_o better_a paper_n than_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o vice-roys_n wherefore_o and_o to_o what_o end_n they_o be_v chief_o send_v how_o their_o prince_n and_o king_n be_v call_v with_o several_a other_o question_n then_o they_o seem_v to_o mutter_v and_o be_v displease_v at_o the_o slight_a fashion_n of_o the_o credential_n to_o the_o request_n which_o the_o ambassador_n make_v that_o they_o may_v have_v audience_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o have_v leave_v to_o go_v for_o peking_n they_o give_v no_o answer_n but_o go_v with_o the_o letter_n to_o the_o vice-roys_n they_o return_v again_o about_o noon_n and_o then_o begin_v to_o ask_v whether_o the_o prince_n and_o government_n of_o holland_n have_v no_o stamp_n not_o great_a seal_n for_o their_o letter_n and_o from_o what_o age_n of_o the_o world_n they_o be_v date_v and_o as_o concern_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o ambassador_n they_o give_v they_o to_o understand_v that_o neither_o the_o vice-roys_n nor_o the_o teutang_n nor_o any_o body_n else_o in_o canton_n have_v the_o power_n to_o give_v audience_n to_o any_o ambassador_n before_o they_o have_v first_o receive_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o letter_n which_o they_o have_v send_v to_o peking_n concern_v they_o however_o they_o give_v order_n that_o the_o yacht_a koukerken_n shall_v be_v bring_v near_o to_o the_o city_n and_o promise_v that_o the_o vice-roys_n to_o welcome_a the_o ambassador_n in_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a manner_n and_o to_o view_v the_o present_n which_o they_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o great_a cham_n will_v appear_v personal_o at_o their_o lodging_n wherefore_o upon_o the_o second_o of_o august_n we_o receive_v order_n to_o follow_v the_o ambassador_n with_o our_o yacht_n four_o great_a man_n of_o war_n of_o the_o viceroy_n be_v appoint_v to_o conduct_v we_o up_o the_o river_n about_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n near_o a_o small_a castle_n where_o the_o river_n be_v above_o two_o mile_n broad_a and_o have_v lie_v upon_o both_o side_n several_a little_a island_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o this_o river_n upon_o a_o small_a hill_n stand_v a_o high_a tower_n very_o curious_o adorn_v with_o nine_o round_n the_o like_a tower_n also_o show_v itself_o upon_o a_o certain_a island_n over_o against_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n the_o country_n situate_v on_o both_o side_n of_o this_o river_n abound_v very_o much_o in_o village_n which_o be_v mighty_a populous_a and_o fruitful_a field_n afford_v twice_o every_o year_n the_o labour_a and_o diligent_a countryman_n a_o very_a rich_a harvest_n upon_o the_o four_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o come_v before_o the_o famous_a and_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o be_v call_v by_o some_o quancheu_fw-la and_o the_o first_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n after_o our_o devotion_n and_o the_o take_a order_n about_o every_o thing_n aboard_o our_o ship_n we_o go_v that_o day_n ashore_o to_o the_o ambassador_n who_o we_o find_v lodge_v in_o a_o stately_a edifice_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n side_n over_o against_o which_o lie_v our_o yacht_n and_o former_o have_v be_v a_o idol-temple_n the_o viceroy_n have_v order_v two_o mandorin_n to_o guard_n with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o soldier_n the_o gate_n for_o our_o security_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o yacht_v come_v to_o the_o ambassador_n lodging_n but_o they_o must_v immediate_o though_o against_o their_o will_n return_v aboard_o again_o under_o pretence_n that_o no_o ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o emperor_n be_v to_o reside_v at_o canton_n without_o a_o express_a order_n from_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n they_o likewise_o allege_v for_o their_o excuse_n that_o the_o governor_n of_o canton_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v to_o the_o emperor_n concern_v any_o mischief_n or_o accident_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o the_o ambassador_n be_v ashore_o afterward_o the_o mandorin_n poetsiensin_n and_o heyton_n bring_v the_o credential_n open_v aboard_o say_v that_o the_o vice-roys_n dare_v not_o accept_v or_o keep_v they_o before_o they_o have_v receive_v advice_n from_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n as_o at_o the_o beginning_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o whole_a relation_n of_o our_o travel_n i_o give_v a_o account_n in_o short_a of_o all_o the_o great_a and_o small_a city_n of_o the_o ten_o province_n in_o china_n through_o which_o i_o do_v not_o travel_v so_o now_o i_o find_v myself_o necessitate_v for_o the_o more_o particular_a information_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n to_o relate_v brief_o the_o remain_v five_o province_n each_o in_o his_o due_a place_n and_o the_o number_n of_o city_n into_o which_o each_o province_n be_v divide_v all_o which_o i_o see_v myself_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n which_o be_v the_o twelve_o in_o number_n among_o the_o fifteen_o into_o which_o all_o china_n be_v divide_v be_v encompass_v on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n on_o the_o north-west_n and_o north_n with_o that_o of_o kiangsi_n on_o the_o north-east_n it_o border_n upon_o foke_v from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o steep_a hill_n and_o mountain_n and_o the_o river_n ting_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n border_n on_o the_o sea_n which_o
for_o which_o he_o return_v thankful_a acknowledgement_n and_o so_o part_v a_o few_o day_n before_o his_o departure_n whilst_o they_o be_v make_v preparation_n for_o the_o army_n this_o viceroy_n send_v to_o his_o wizard_n sorcerer_n and_o soothsayer_n to_o who_o response_n the_o chinese_n give_v no_o small_a credit_n who_o draw_v their_o prediction_n from_o the_o configuration_n and_o position_n of_o the_o star_n and_o from_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o entrail_n of_o fowl_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o most_o part_n astrological_o foretell_v good_a or_o bad_a success_n to_o the_o intend_a expedition_n these_o juggle_a augurer_n consult_v and_o positive_o tell_v the_o viceroy_n both_o by_o bird_n and_o malignant_a aspect_n that_o the_o whole_a undertake_n will_v be_v unfortunate_a and_o extreme_o prejudicial_a both_o to_o himself_o the_o army_n and_o the_o country_n but_o this_o young_a prince_n be_v whole_o bend_v upon_o the_o design_n to_o purchase_v himself_o immortal_a honour_n by_o prowess_n and_o force_n of_o arm_n be_v resolve_v to_o proceed_v notwithstanding_o all_o those_o great_a discouragement_n from_o his_o fable_a fortune-teller_n for_o so_o they_o prove_v the_o success_n fall_v out_o quite_o contrary_a he_o bring_v under_o absolute_a subjection_n the_o whole_a province_n to_o the_o tartar_n upon_o which_o account_n their_o vaticination_n not_o only_o prove_v frivolous_a but_o quite_o contrary_a they_o flee_v abscond_v themselves_o lest_o they_o may_v suffer_v at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o viceroy_n who_o will_v have_v handle_v they_o very_o severe_o but_o however_o they_o be_v absent_a the_o storm_n fall_v on_o their_o idol_n and_o temple_n which_o he_o raze_v to_o the_o very_a ground_n and_o burn_v the_o image_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o return_v with_o the_o ambassador_n to_o our_o lodging_n where_o we_o see_v the_o whole_a fleet_n under_o sail_n have_v the_o army_n aboard_o follow_v the_o viceroy_n both_o these_o vice-roys_n be_v of_o noble_a family_n bear_v and_o educate_v in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n we_o think_v at_o first_o that_o the_o young_a viceroy_n have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o old_a viceroy_n but_o we_o understand_v afterward_o that_o they_o be_v nothing_o akin_a but_o only_o great_a friend_n and_o prince_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o power_n and_o who_o have_v both_o undergo_v one_o and_o the_o same_o misfortune_n for_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n for_o what_o reason_n i_o know_v not_o have_v behead_v both_o their_o father_n the_o son_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v the_o like_a disaster_n which_o it_o seem_v they_o dread_v flee_v to_o this_o province_n of_o quantung_n which_o at_o that_o time_n the_o great_a cham_n have_v invade_v with_o a_o powerful_a army_n and_o have_v bring_v most_o of_o the_o country_n under_o his_o obedience_n this_o occasion_n afford_v these_o young_a prince_n a_o opportunity_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n upon_o the_o emperor_n to_o effect_v this_o they_o endeavour_v to_o get_v some_o dependence_n upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o ground_v their_o complaint_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n upon_o the_o misfortune_n of_o their_o renown_a family_n desire_v withal_o help_v and_o assistance_n to_o recover_v the_o same_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n the_o great_a cham_n find_v so_o many_o testimony_n and_o good_a ground_n for_o faithful_a deal_v in_o these_o prince_n that_o he_o confer_v upon_o they_o both_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n the_o elder_a he_o honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o pignowan_n and_o the_o other_o with_o the_o name_n of_o synowa_n which_o among_o the_o chinese_n be_v name_n of_o the_o high_a and_o chief_a office_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o such_o chief_a officer_n command_v and_o rule_n with_o the_o same_o power_n over_o some_o province_n as_o the_o vice-roys_n here_o in_o europe_n that_o these_o warlike_a prince_n have_v since_o that_o time_n sufficient_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n upon_o the_o chinese_n be_v very_o apparent_a in_o regard_n that_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n you_o may_v ride_v in_o some_o place_n for_o several_a mile_n together_o and_o not_o see_v a_o town_n or_o village_n stand_v only_o great_a heap_n of_o stone_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o place_n which_o have_v be_v former_o very_o famous_a for_o trade_n in_o the_o withdrawing-room_n where_o the_o ambassador_n dine_v be_v a_o window_n on_o purpose_n to_o which_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o young_a viceroy_n often_o resort_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o company_n she_o be_v very_o neat_o and_o rich_o dress_v after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n middle_a size_v slender_a of_o a_o brown_a complexion_n of_o a_o please_a and_o take_v countenance_n at_o our_o entrance_n before_o we_o sit_v down_o we_o find_v stand_v a_o very_a rich_a paint_a chair_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o her_o majesty_n to_o which_o in_o honour_n of_o this_o great_a lady_n we_o humble_o pay_v our_o respect_n dinner_n be_v end_v and_o the_o compliment_n perform_v they_o take_v horse_n and_o return_v to_o their_o lodging_n we_o depart_v upon_o the_o 17._o of_o march_n with_o all_o our_o train_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n and_o be_v row_v up_o the_o river_n of_o tai_n close_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o city_n which_o show_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n upon_o the_o water_n the_o small_a town_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a in_o peking_n and_o canton_n signify_v our_o kind_a reception_n by_o the_o thunder_a voice_n of_o their_o cannon_n as_o we_o pass_v by_o have_v sail_v and_o row_v several_a reaches_n of_o this_o broad_a and_o spacious_a river_n we_o at_o last_o leave_v the_o channel_n and_o strike_v into_o another_o a_o arm_n of_o this_o great_a one_o that_o disembogue_n itself_o into_o the_o same_o towards_o the_o north._n the_o chineses_n call_v this_o branch_n zin_n but_o those_o of_o europe_n the_o european_a stream_n we_o make_v so_o much_o speed_v that_o day_n that_o towards_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o a_o village_n call_v sahu_n this_o place_n though_o not_o very_o large_a nor_o famous_a yet_o be_v of_o pleasant_a situation_n and_o about_o six_o mile_n from_o canton_n the_o soil_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o encompass_v with_o tree_n hill_n and_o vales._n there_o be_v several_a good_a edifice_n in_o this_o place_n though_o most_o of_o they_o inhabit_v by_o peasant_n and_o handicraftsman_n which_o be_v chief_o silk-weaver_n who_o live_v by_o weave_v great_a quantity_n of_o silk-stuffs_a for_o the_o merchant_n at_o canton_n we_o stay_v here_o all_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n early_o set_v sail._n upon_o the_o 19_o of_o march_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n before_o the_o city_n of_o xantung_n be_v the_o eleven_o small_a city_n belong_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n and_o lie_v distant_a from_o thence_o about_o twenty_o mile_n this_o city_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n lie_v in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a vale_n and_o be_v surround_v on_o the_o land_n side_n with_o delightful_a pasture_n and_o hill_n it_o be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o be_v former_o exceed_v populous_a and_o full_a of_o trade_n we_o get_v thus_o far_o sometime_o with_o row_v sail_v and_o tow_v against_o the_o stream_n which_o have_v so_o tire_v the_o chinese_n who_o be_v put_v to_o this_o slavish_a labour_n that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o stay_v by_o the_o way_n till_o they_o have_v rest_v and_o refresh_v themselves_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o place_n cause_v the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n to_o be_v guard_v with_o two_o foot-company_n to_o welcome_a and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n with_o the_o more_o state_n they_o send_v likewise_o a_o few_o present_n for_o the_o ambassador_n table_n but_o they_o understand_v it_o be_v all_o upon_o the_o emperor_n account_n and_o by_o his_o order_n who_o allow_v ten_o time_n more_o than_o what_o they_o send_v think_v good_a to_o refuse_v their_o civility_n both_o here_o and_o in_o all_o other_o place_n where_o they_o come_v which_o they_o do_v with_o great_a respect_n here_o we_o go_v ashore_o which_o be_v the_o first_o time_n since_o we_o come_v aboard_o and_o pitch_v a_o tent_n at_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o city_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n in_o a_o open_a and_o plain_a field_n the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o show_v some_o pastime_n exercise_v their_o arm_n before_o the_o tent_n of_o the_o ambassador_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o they_o with_o much_o dexterity_n among_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v one_o with_o a_o bow_n and_o arrow_n who_o be_v so_o rare_a a_o marksman_n that_o he_o shoot_v thrice_o together_o through_o the_o white_a no_o broad_a than_o the_o palm_n of_o a_o hand_n at_o the_o distance_n of_o thirty_o five_o pace_n for_o which_o he_o be_v reward_v with_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o money_n the_o secretary_n of_o the_o viceroy_n for_o the_o more_o
belong_v to_o the_o imperial_a palace_n but_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o disorder_n and_o in_o a_o decay_a condition_n without_o any_o furniture_n but_o two_o or_o three_o break_a bench_n some_o kettle_n and_o a_o few_o little_a dish_n for_o thea._n his_o horse_n mule_n ass_n dromedary_n and_o camel_n go_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o court_n the_o stable_n be_v all_o ruine_a and_o spoil_v from_o this_o tartar_n lodging_n the_o ambassador_n be_v conduct_v by_o the_o agent_n to_o his_o own_o house_n to_o a_o sumptuous_a dinner_n than_o make_v ready_a by_o his_o order_n for_o they_o where_o he_o entertain_v they_o till_o night_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n which_o do_v they_o thank_v he_o for_o his_o great_a kindness_n and_o civility_n take_v their_o leaf_n and_o return_v aboard_o their_o vessel_n in_o which_o they_o lie_v all_o their_o voyage_n both_o to_o and_o from_o peking_n except_o at_o canton_n nangan_n and_o peking_n this_o stately_a city_n which_o without_o parallel_n be_v the_o diadem_n of_o all_o china_n lie_v about_o thirty_o five_o mile_n from_o the_o forementioned_a taip_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n and_o in_o 32_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n her_o situation_n be_v most_o pleasant_a and_o the_o soil_n luxurious_o fruitful_a the_o river_n run_v quite_o through_o this_o city_n whereof_o some_o stream_n be_v navigable_a for_o great_a vessel_n here_o be_v former_o keep_v the_o court_n of_o the_o old_a chinese_n emperor_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o u_o cyu_n cung_n ci_o leang_v chin_n and_o tanga_n here_o also_o reign_v many_o lustre_n the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n till_o they_o remove_v to_o peking_n the_o better_a to_o prevent_v the_o invasion_n and_o design_n of_o the_o tartar_n the_o founder_n of_o this_o city_n be_v gnens_n king_n of_o cuckoe_n who_o name_v it_o kinling_n which_o signify_v a_o golden_a country_n afterward_o the_o first_o branch_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cina_n call_v it_o moling_n the_o king_n of_o u_o who_o keep_v their_o court_n in_o this_o city_n call_v it_o kienye_v the_o race_n of_o tanga_n give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o kiangxin_n but_o that_o of_o taiminga_fw-mi call_v it_o ingcien_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o tartar_n who_o not_o many_o year_n since_o overran_a and_o conquer_v all_o china_n give_v it_o again_o the_o name_n of_o kiangx_v where_o this_o city_n border_n on_o the_o river_n kiang_n it_o have_v a_o broad_a and_o deep_a graâ—â—_n into_o which_o you_o come_v out_o of_o the_o kiang_n up_o to_o the_o town_n about_o half_a a_o mile_n within_o the_o land_n here_o they_o pass_v over_o on_o a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n which_o bring_v they_o convenient_o into_o the_o city_n who_o east-side_n which_o run_v far_o into_o this_o country_n covers_z a_o flat_a with_o several_a navigable_a channel_n run_v through_o so_o that_o you_o may_v come_v with_o large_a vessel_n up_o to_o the_o town_n on_o that_o side_n over_o these_o channel_n be_v several_a stone_n bridges_n very_o rare_o build_v the_o chineses_n describe_v the_o circumference_n of_o this_o late_a wall_n by_o two_o horseman_n who_o in_o the_o morning_n set_v forth_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o gate_n part_v ride_v contrary_a and_o they_o say_v meet_v not_o till_o the_o close_a of_o the_o evening_n by_o which_o they_o will_v have_v we_o guess_v at_o the_o vast_a circumference_n of_o their_o city_n the_o first_o vesture_n of_o the_o city_n be_v above_o thirty_o foot_n high_a build_v artificial_o of_o stone_n with_o breast-works_a and_o watch-tower_n there_o be_v thirteen_o gate_n in_o this_o wall_n who_o door_n be_v plate_v with_o iron_n and_o guard_v continual_o with_o horse_n and_o foot_n some_o of_o these_o gate_n rest_v on_o four_o or_o five_o arch_n through_o which_o you_o pass_v before_o you_o come_v into_o the_o city_n we_o lay_v with_o our_o vessel_n before_o the_o gate_n suisimon_n or_o water-gate_n so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o people_n pass_v daily_o to_o and_o again_o through_o this_o gate_n that_o there_o be_v no_o get_n in_o or_o out_o without_o much_o crowd_v the_o chief_a street_n of_o this_o city_n be_v twenty_o eight_o pace_n broad_a very_o neat_o pave_v and_o straight_o in_o the_o night_n there_o be_v such_o good_a order_n observe_v for_o the_o prevent_n of_o house_n break_v or_o disturbance_n in_o the_o street_n that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o ordinary_a citizen_n house_n be_v but_o mean_a build_v without_o any_o convenience_n and_o stand_v all_o with_o the_o cross_a ridge_n next_o to_o the_o street_n they_o have_v but_o one_o door_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o and_o but_o one_o room_n to_o eat_v and_o sleep_v in_o next_o the_o street_n appear_v only_o a_o foursquare_a hole_n serve_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o window_n to_o let_v in_o light_n which_o be_v common_o cover_v with_o reed_n in_o stead_n of_o glass_n to_o prevent_v gazer_n from_o look_v in_o the_o house_n be_v but_o one_o story_n high_a be_v cover_v with_o white_a pan-tile_n and_o the_o outside_n white_v over_o with_o chalk_n such_o as_o dwell_v in_o these_o ordinary_a house_n drive_v very_o mean_a trade_n but_o the_o shop_n of_o the_o chief_a citizen_n and_o merchant_n be_v fill_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o rich_a chinese_n ware_n as_o cotton_n silk_n stuff_v china_n dish_n pearl_n diamond_n etc._n etc._n before_o each_o shop_n stand_v a_o board_n upon_o which_o be_v inscribe_v the_o name_n of_o the_o master_n in_o gold_n letter_n as_o also_o what_o good_n he_o sell_v beside_o these_o board_n stand_v a_o high_a pole_n which_o reach_v above_o the_o house_n upon_o which_o they_o hang_v pennon_n and_o flag_n or_o something_o whereby_o they_o as_o we_o in_o europe_n with_o our_o sign_n make_v know_v their_o habitation_n they_o have_v not_o here_o nor_o in_o all_o china_n any_o coin_v money_n but_o use_v in_o stead_n thereof_o small_a piece_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v of_o different_a value_n and_o weight_n and_o though_o you_o buy_v never_o so_o little_a you_o must_v always_o have_v a_o pair_n of_o scale_n about_o you_o if_o you_o will_v not_o be_v cheat_v in_o the_o weight_n by_o these_o crafty_a chineses_n for_o they_o have_v common_o two_o sort_n of_o weight_n by_o they_o and_o be_v so_o nimble_a and_o deceitful_a in_o their_o balance_a that_o you_o have_v need_n of_o argus_n eye_n when_o you_o buy_v any_o thing_n of_o they_o this_o great_a city_n be_v also_o so_o populous_a that_o there_o be_v above_o 1000000_o people_n dwell_v in_o it_o and_o yet_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v to_o be_v have_v there_o in_o great_a abundance_n at_o a_o small_a rate_n all_o the_o year_n long_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n round_o about_o among_o other_o fruit_n there_o be_v most_o delicious_a cherry_n sell_v very_o cheap_a in_o this_o city_n beside_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n there_o lie_v a_o garrison_n of_o 40000_o tartar_n here_o reside_v also_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n this_o city_n likewise_o exceed_v any_o other_o in_o china_n for_o stately_a idol-temple_n tower_n rare_a edifice_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n but_o the_o emperor_n court_n or_o palace_n former_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o building_n wherein_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n be_v wont_a to_o reside_v with_o the_o same_o state_n and_o pomp_n as_o now_o at_o present_a the_o great_a cham_n do_v at_o peking_n this_o palace_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o city_n build_v foursquare_a and_o surround_v with_o a_o wall_n which_o contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o city_n each_o side_n of_o the_o square_a wherein_o this_o palace_n be_v include_v contain_v in_o length_n one_o italian_a mile_n and_o three_o part_n of_o a_o dutch_a mile_n and_o as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v guess_v by_o the_o decay_a wall_n or_o may_v be_v learn_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n this_o court_n or_o palace_n with_o all_o belong_v thereto_o be_v as_o big_a as_o haerlem_n in_o holland_n within_o the_o first_o great_a gate_n lie_v a_o large_a court_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o four_o square_n and_o be_v pave_v with_o fine_a smooth_a stone_n the_o tartar_n seat_v themselves_o near_o a_o idol-temple_n call_v paolinxi_fw-la where_o they_o build_v themselves_o several_a hut_n leave_v the_o chineses_n to_o dwell_v in_o the_o city_n and_o there_o to_o drive_v their_o trade_n the_o building_n be_v all_o of_o a_o hard_a sort_n of_o stone_n which_o the_o native_n have_v most_o curious_o paint_v with_o a_o yellow_a colour_n so_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n reflect_v on_o they_o they_o shine_v like_o gold_n over_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o second_o court_n of_o this_o palace_n hang_v a_o great_a bell_n about_z 10_o or_o
a_o high_a wall_n about_o it_o with_o three_o stately_a and_o broad_a gate_n between_o each_o of_o which_o be_v very_o large_a court_n the_o ambassador_n immediate_o cause_v the_o emperor_n present_n and_o all_o their_o own_o good_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o lodging_n where_o they_o find_v all_o thing_n in_o good_a condition_n without_o the_o least_o loss_n or_o damage_n at_o night_n come_v two_o tartar_a commander_n with_o twelve_o soldier_n by_o the_o emperor_n order_n to_o guard_v the_o gate_n of_o their_o lodging_n and_o take_v care_n that_o the_o command_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n may_v be_v due_o observe_v and_o the_o ambassador_n supply_v with_o all_o thing_n convenient_a the_o next_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n appear_v the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n with_o two_o other_o commander_n who_o be_v likewise_o come_v thither_o from_o canton_n as_o also_o the_o two_o agent_n of_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n who_o have_v their_o residence_n in_o this_o court._n not_o long_o after_o come_v some_o lord_n of_o the_o imperial_a council_n attend_v with_o the_o chief_a secretary_n thouglovia_n who_o be_v a_o chinese_n by_o birth_n and_o a_o very_a civil_a person_n have_v likewise_o in_o their_o company_n two_o other_o mandorin_n call_v quanlovia_n and_o hoolovia_n the_o last_o whereof_o be_v secretary_n to_o the_o council_n though_o a_o stranger_n to_o the_o chinese_n language_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v some_o compliment_n to_o one_o another_o they_o acquaint_v the_o ambassador_n that_o they_o be_v come_v to_o bid_v they_o welcome_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n and_o to_o inquire_v after_o their_o health_n and_o the_o number_n of_o their_o follower_n the_o quality_n and_o quantity_n of_o their_o present_n and_o last_o concern_v the_o person_n and_o place_n from_o who_o and_o from_o whence_o the_o same_o be_v proper_o send_v whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n deliver_v a_o list_n to_o the_o mandorin_n consist_v of_o twenty_o four_o person_n who_o all_o of_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o embassy_n wherewith_o they_o be_v satisfy_v but_o in_o regard_n these_o commissioner_n can_v not_o well_o understand_v nor_o apprehend_v this_o form_n of_o our_o government_n because_o the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n know_v no_o other_o than_o monarchical_a neither_o can_v they_o tell_v what_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n signify_v the_o ambassador_n have_v no_o little_a trouble_n to_o work_v they_o into_o a_o good_a opinion_n of_o our_o state_n therefore_o they_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v send_v by_o his_o highness_n concern_v who_o they_o ask_v several_a question_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n whether_o the_o ambassador_n be_v ally_v to_o their_o prince_n for_o they_o have_v a_o custom_n that_o no_o foreign_a ambassador_n be_v to_o bow_v their_o heâ—ds_n before_o the_o emperor_n throne_n unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v a_o kin_n to_o he_o that_o send_v they_o as_o the_o ambassador_n of_o corea_n and_o the_o liquese_n island_n who_o come_v hither_o the_o last_o year_n be_v the_o brother_n and_o kindred_n of_o those_o king_n that_o send_v they_o without_o which_o they_o will_v have_v no_o great_a credit_n and_o reputation_n with_o the_o emperor_n to_o which_o the_o ambassador_n reply_v that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o ally_v to_o their_o prince_n for_o beside_o that_o the_o governor_n of_o their_o country_n know_v nothing_o of_o this_o custom_n so_o likewise_o such_o person_n as_o be_v relate_v to_o their_o prince_n be_v employ_v at_o home_n in_o the_o most_o considerable_a charge_n but_o these_o gentleman_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o dignity_n and_o majesty_n of_o the_o emperor_n will_v be_v much_o lessen_v if_o he_o shall_v give_v audience_n to_o such_o as_o be_v not_o so_o relate_v to_o their_o prince_n they_o then_o ask_v the_o ambassador_n what_o office_n do_v you_o bear_v in_o the_o court_n of_o your_o prince_n how_o run_v your_o title_n in_o your_o own_o language_n how_o many_o man_n have_v you_o under_o your_o command_n and_o how_o do_v you_o live_v to_o all_o which_o question_v the_o ambassador_n return_v particular_a answer_n they_o ask_v likewise_o whether_o all_o the_o present_v they_o have_v bring_v with_o they_o come_v direct_o out_o of_o holland_n whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n tell_v they_o that_o some_o of_o those_o good_n come_v out_o of_o holland_n as_o the_o clothes_n looking-glass_n coral_n perspective-glass_n all_o manner_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o furniture_n for_o horse_n but_o the_o rest_n be_v add_v by_o the_o governor-general_n of_o batavia_n by_o order_n of_o the_o council_n for_o the_o indian_a government_n in_o holland_n hereupon_o arise_v another_o question_n namely_o what_o manner_n of_o place_n batavia_n be_v and_o what_o manner_n of_o man_n the_o governor_n the_o ambassador_n reply_v to_o this_o that_o the_o governor-general_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o command_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o vice-roys_n of_o canton_n and_o in_o regard_n the_o hollander_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o king_n nor_o their_o country_n a_o kingdom_n therefore_o he_o can_v not_o have_v the_o title_n of_o viceroy_n but_o only_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o governor-general_n as_o one_o that_o have_v the_o command_n over_o other_o place_n and_o country_n and_o as_o for_o batavia_n that_o they_o say_v be_v a_o place_n which_o for_o its_o conveniency_n be_v appoint_v for_o a_o rendezvouz_n for_o all_o ship_n which_o shall_v come_v out_o of_o holland_n and_o other_o part_n and_o consequent_o hold_v for_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o netherlands_o in_o india_n the_o ambassador_n have_v satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n of_o these_o person_n in_o give_v such_o a_o full_a answer_n to_o all_o their_o demand_n they_o take_v leave_v and_o present_v to_o each_o of_o the_o ambassador_n fifty_o toel_n of_o silver_n but_o not_o long_o after_o these_o gentleman_n one_o after_o another_o come_v again_o to_o ask_v after_o some_o particular_n the_o first_o come_v by_o order_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n and_o his_o council_n to_o fetch_v the_o credential_n which_o be_v carry_v to_o he_o in_o great_a state_n be_v put_v into_o a_o large_a silver_n dish_n cover_v with_o three_o piece_n of_o scarlet_n another_o come_v to_o see_v our_o arm_n about_o which_o they_o be_v very_o inquisitive_a to_o know_v how_o and_o where_o they_o be_v make_v the_o three_o ask_v what_o manner_n of_o arm_n the_o hollander_n use_v in_o their_o war_n and_o against_o who_o they_o have_v war_v he_o ask_v likewise_o particular_o whether_o we_o have_v war_n or_o peace_n with_o the_o portuguese_n and_o with_o those_o of_o maceao_n and_o who_o country_n lie_v near_a to_o china_n the_o ambassador_n have_v full_o answer_v all_o these_o question_n they_o depart_v but_o return_v at_o least_o six_o or_o seven_o time_n and_o ask_v among_o the_o rest_n after_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o ambassador_n at_o last_o they_o ask_v pardon_n for_o the_o trouble_n they_o have_v give_v they_o say_v that_o they_o have_v do_v it_o by_o the_o emperor_n order_n who_o be_v always_o very_o inquisitive_a in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n after_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o this_o imperial_a city_n have_v be_v make_v acquaint_v with_o the_o report_n of_o the_o commissioner_n he_o send_v the_o next_o day_n two_o gentleman_n to_o the_o ambassador_n with_o express_a order_n that_o they_o shall_v appear_v with_o the_o present_n before_o his_o majesty_n council_n but_o it_o prove_v a_o very_a rainy_a day_n the_o ambassador_n leave_v the_o present_n may_v be_v spoil_v desire_v to_o be_v excuse_v from_o come_v till_o another_o time_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o be_v grant_v notwithstanding_o all_o their_o endeavour_n for_o though_o the_o ambassador_n go_v to_o court_v without_o the_o present_n they_o be_v not_o admit_v till_o such_o time_n as_o they_o have_v bring_v they_o for_o the_o emperor_n be_v resolve_v to_o see_v they_o that_o day_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o present_n be_v come_v they_o be_v admit_v and_o order_v to_o sit_v down_o without_o show_v any_o manner_n of_o respect_n to_o that_o great_a assembly_n the_o chief_a commander_n sit_v at_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o this_o assembly_n upon_o a_o broad_a low_a bench_n with_o his_o leg_n across_o like_o our_o tailor_n in_o europe_n next_o he_o on_o his_o right-hand_n sit_v two_o tartar_n lord_n and_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n a_o jesuit_n father_n adam_n schaliger_n a_o courtier_n in_o peking_n almost_o fifty_o year_n live_v in_o great_a honour_n and_o repute_v he_o be_v as_o he_o tell_v we_o bear_v at_o cullen_n and_o go_v shave_v and_o clothe_v after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n a_o very_a comely_a old_a man_n with_o a_o long_a beard_n all_o the_o lord_n who_o be_v at_o this_o assembly_n sit_v one_o among_o another_o without_o any_o splendour_n
account_n or_o the_o last_o month_n of_o the_o year_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o tartar_n they_o ask_v moreover_o whether_o the_o netherlands_n government_n have_v last_v 1655_o year_n and_o if_o it_o begin_v at_o that_o time_n the_o ambassador_n make_v answer_v that_o holland_n from_o that_o time_n to_o this_o have_v be_v always_o inhabit_a and_o govern_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o people_n and_o that_o the_o number_n of_o those_o year_n only_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n bear_v at_o that_o time_n hereupon_o 〈◊〉_d depart_v take_v the_o credential_n with_o they_o without_o speak_v one_o word_n the_o emperor_n be_v thorough_o inform_v concern_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o hollander_n send_v upon_o the_o 31._o of_o july_n a_o mandatory_a letter_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o council_n wherein_o he_o declare_v that_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n do_v admit_v of_o the_o ambassador_n as_o such_o and_o will_v give_v they_o audience_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o can_v sit_v in_o his_o new_a court_n upon_o his_o throne_n and_o after_o his_o majesty_n have_v cause_v the_o credential_n of_o the_o ambassador_n to_o be_v once_o more_o translate_v by_o schaliger_n the_o jesuit_n and_o read_v unto_o he_o by_o some_o of_o his_o chief_a councillor_n he_o seem_v so_o well_o please_v therewith_o that_o he_o send_v a_o second_o summons_n to_o his_o council_n to_o be_v assist_v and_o serviceable_a to_o the_o ambassador_n during_o their_o abode_n in_o his_o empire_n the_o first_o of_o these_o letter_n or_o order_n be_v as_o follow_v great_a and_o worthy_a lypeos_n counsellor_n the_o holland_n ambassador_n be_v come_v hither_o with_o their_o present_n to_o congratulate_v the_o emperor_n and_o to_o show_v their_o obedience_n unto_o he_o which_o be_v never_o do_v to_o this_o crown_n before_o and_o because_o this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o accept_v of_o they_o as_o ambassador_n and_o have_v promise_v they_o that_o they_o whensoever_o i_o shall_v be_v seat_v upon_o my_o throne_n in_o my_o new_a palace_n shall_v be_v bring_v before_o i_o to_o do_v their_o obeisance_n that_o so_o they_o may_v be_v well_o receive_v and_o upon_o their_o request_n obtain_v a_o favourable_a answer_n in_o order_n to_o their_o return_n the_o more_o because_o they_o be_v come_v from_o a_o far_o and_o remote_a country_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n will_v be_v able_a to_o spread_v the_o fame_n and_o renown_n of_o my_o person_n and_o empire_n therefore_o we_o think_v fit_a not_o to_o deny_v or_o refuse_v any_o thing_n to_o such_o foreign_a people_n who_o be_v come_v such_o a_o long_a voyage_n from_o the_o furthermost_a part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o in_o reason_n they_o can_v desire_v of_o we_o the_o second_o letter_n be_v almost_o verbatim_o as_o the_o former_a to_o quicken_v his_o minister_n of_o state_n to_o dispatch_v they_o with_o a_o satisfactory_a answer_n to_o their_o proposal_n the_o chancellor_n hereupon_o desire_v to_o know_v of_o the_o ambassador_n whether_o the_o hollander_n can_v not_o send_v every_o year_n to_o peking_n or_o at_o least_o every_o second_o or_o three_o year_n to_o do_v obedience_n to_o the_o emperor_n to_o this_o they_o answer_v that_o for_o the_o more_o certainty_n they_o can_v better_o make_v address_n every_o five_o year_n at_o peking_n desire_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o they_o may_v come_v annual_o with_o four_o ship_n to_o canton_n to_o trade_n there_o afterward_o the_o chancellor_n summon_v the_o tartar_n and_o china_n council_n together_o to_o consider_v of_o the_o proposal_n of_o the_o hollander_n allege_v he_o be_v precedent_n that_o they_o ought_v to_o give_v they_o leave_v every_o five_o year_n to_o come_v and_o salute_v the_o emperor_n most_o of_o the_o tartar_n be_v of_o this_o opinion_n but_o the_o chineses_n seem_v outward_o willing_a to_o show_v far_o great_a favour_n to_o the_o hollander_n namely_o that_o they_o shall_v come_v but_o once_o every_o nine_o year_n to_o peking_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a distance_n from_o batavia_n to_o the_o imperial_a city_n but_o herein_o they_o think_v to_o have_v out-witted_n the_o tartar_n for_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o hollander_n be_v not_o to_o be_v permit_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o trade_n at_o canton_n they_o propose_v also_o to_o the_o assembly_n whether_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o hollander_n the_o english_a may_v not_o likewise_o appear_v who_o about_o thirty_o year_n since_o come_v with_o four_o ship_n into_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n where_o they_o take_v away_o four_o vessel_n lade_v with_o salt_n the_o mandorin_n prisoner_n and_o shoot_v down_o a_o fort_n commit_v several_a other_o violence_n for_o which_o from_o that_o time_n they_o be_v hold_v and_o declare_v enemy_n of_o the_o empire_n therefore_o they_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o integrity_n of_o the_o hollander_n before_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o trade_n in_o china_n for_o bâ—â—â—de_v that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n to_o let_v they_o have_v a_o free_a trade_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o their_o credential_n that_o any_o such_o thing_n be_v desire_v so_o that_o they_o conclude_v they_o have_v exceed_v their_o order_n the_o ambassador_n be_v not_o a_o little_a surprise_v at_o these_o proceed_n of_o the_o council_n for_o they_o understand_v no_o otherwise_o but_o that_o the_o emperor_n have_v according_a to_o the_o content_n of_o the_o second_o mandatory_a letter_n former_o procure_v by_o the_o viceroy_n of_o canton_n full_o agree_v to_o the_o request_n of_o the_o hollander_n concern_v a_o free_a trade_n in_o canton_n and_o that_o they_o be_v only_o thereupon_o to_o go_v and_o return_v their_o thanks_o to_o his_o majesty_n at_o peking_n the_o ambassador_n be_v well_o enough_o inform_v of_o the_o design_n and_o practice_n of_o father_n adam_n and_o some_o other_o jesuit_n who_o have_v live_v there_o for_o some_o year_n and_o have_v be_v bribe_v underhand_o by_o the_o portuguese_n to_o oppose_v the_o hollander_n in_o this_o their_o design_n of_o free_a commerce_n in_o china_n therefore_o they_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o tartar_n that_o the_o hollander_n under_o colour_n and_o pretence_n of_o merchandize_v design_v nothing_o less_o than_o to_o get_v foot_v in_o their_o country_n and_o then_o to_o make_v use_n of_o all_o opportunity_n to_o plunder_n and_o carry_v away_o whatsoever_o be_v portable_a the_o ambassador_n be_v also_o inform_v that_o these_o jesuit_n have_v likewise_o persuade_v the_o council_n that_o maccao_n will_v be_v utter_o ruin_v and_o impoverish_v by_o such_o a_o trade_n and_o withal_o that_o they_o have_v tell_v the_o tartar_n to_o make_v they_o the_o more_o averse_a to_o the_o hollander_n that_o they_o be_v a_o people_n make_v up_o of_o several_a nation_n without_o any_o habitation_n and_o only_o subsist_v upon_o what_o they_o get_v by_o piracy_n at_o sea_n but_o that_o which_o most_o of_o all_o surprise_v the_o ambassador_n be_v to_o find_v themselves_o deceive_v of_o their_o money_n by_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n unto_o who_o they_o have_v pay_v thirty_o five_o hundred_o toel_n of_o silver_n which_o sum_n the_o vice-roys_n promise_v to_o pay_v the_o chancellor_n and_o some_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n council_n to_o procure_v their_o favour_n and_o assistance_n for_o a_o dispatch_n of_o their_o business_n now_o perceive_v that_o they_o be_v trepan_v by_o the_o vice-roys_n they_o be_v force_v to_o consider_v of_o some_o other_o way_n to_o obtain_v their_o purpose_n wherefore_o they_o first_o think_v good_a to_o propose_v to_o the_o council_n the_o point_n of_o come_v to_o trade_n yearly_o at_o canton_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o effect_v the_o same_o afterward_o the_o ambassador_n send_v the_o mandorin_n of_o the_o old_a canton_n viceroy_n to_o the_o prime_a chancellor_n to_o enctreat_v he_o to_o stay_v so_o long_o in_o peking_n till_o his_o majesty_n shall_v be_v full_o assure_v that_o they_o be_v hollander_n and_o no_o other_o they_o likewise_o desire_v of_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o council_n that_o they_o will_v favour_v they_o with_o some_o token_n or_o emblem_n cut_v in_o brass_n to_o seal_v therewith_o all_o the_o passport_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o shall_v distinguish_v they_o from_o any_o other_o nation_n and_o empower_v they_o either_o to_o pass_v by_o or_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n upon_o their_o coast._n at_o last_o they_o propose_v to_o the_o council_n that_o they_o will_v be_v please_v to_o admit_v of_o the_o hollander_n to_o live_v converse_v and_o trade_n in_o china_n as_o their_o own_o subject_n pay_v the_o usual_a duty_n and_o imposition_n as_o have_v be_v former_o grant_v to_o those_o of_o lieugiow_n amiam_fw-la and_o siam_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a chinese_n law_n add_v far_o that_o if_o they_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o
foot_n low_o than_o when_o we_o come_v we_o discover_v here_o the_o top_n of_o several_a dangerous_a rock_n which_o appear_v very_o dreadful_a to_o we_o and_o make_v we_o sensible_a of_o the_o great_a danger_n we_o have_v escape_v in_o our_o go_n they_o be_v then_o unseen_a upon_o the_o same_o day_n late_o in_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o sanyvum_fw-la where_o we_o lodge_v all_o night_n and_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n set_v sail_n again_o and_o come_v that_o day_n before_o the_o small_a town_n call_v xantsui_n we_o see_v here_o the_o adjacent_a field_n full_a of_o tent_n horse_n saddle_v and_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o soldier_n all_o stand_a ready_a for_o the_o march._n after_o a_o few_o hour_n sail_v we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o village_n faesan_n which_o appear_v very_o pleasant_a and_o delightful_a at_o a_o distance_n and_o in_o regard_n as_o we_o go_v to_o peking_n we_o pass_v by_o this_o village_n late_o in_o the_o evening_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o same_o i_o think_v good_a have_v now_o in_o our_o return_n a_o full_a view_n thereof_o to_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o its_o situation_n it_o lie_v near_o the_o river_n side_n be_v encompass_v with_o very_o pleasant_a field_n upon_o the_o 28._o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v again_o before_o the_o famous_a chief_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o we_o have_v already_o describe_v at_o large_a francis_n lantsman_n who_o when_o we_o be_v go_v to_o peking_n take_v care_n for_o all_o our_o concern_v leave_v there_o with_o the_o two_o ship_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o man_n come_v immediate_o to_o welcome_a and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n and_o have_v order_v the_o gunner_n of_o the_o ship_n to_o discharge_v all_o their_o ordnance_n upon_o their_o land_n which_o be_v according_o perform_v to_o the_o great_a admiration_n of_o the_o tartar_a lord_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v appoint_v to_o attend_v the_o ambassador_n upon_o their_o voyage_n for_o their_o 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than_o a_o free_a trade_n with_o the_o hollander_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 29._o the_o ambassador_n go_v in_o great_a state_n to_o salute_v the_o vice-roys_n the_o young_a king_n mother_n and_o the_o tutang_n and_o to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o sum_n of_o their_o business_n the_o old_a viceroy_n receive_v they_o very_o friendly_a and_o hearty_o with_o a_o dish_n of_o thea_fw-mi and_o some_o discourse_n concern_v their_o voyage_n the_o like_a do_v also_o the_o young_a viceroy_n but_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o young_a viceroy_n do_v not_o appear_v only_o send_v a_o compliment_n to_o the_o ambassador_n to_o thank_v they_o for_o their_o visit._n the_o tutang_n suffer_v they_o to_o wait_v two_o hour_n at_o his_o secretary_n house_n and_o afterward_o send_v they_o word_n that_o he_o will_v hear_v they_o when_o pinxenton_n be_v arrive_v the_o follow_a day_n be_v the_o 30._o of_o january_n the_o ambassador_n be_v treat_v by_o the_o young_a viceroy_n principal_a commander_n at_o a_o 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the_o tutang_n who_o have_v defer_v they_o till_o his_o arrival_n the_o ambassador_n find_v they_o can_v not_o effect_v any_o thing_n with_o their_o visit_n return_v to_o their_o lodging_n and_o go_v aboard_o that_o night_n and_o set_v sail_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n but_o after_o a_o few_o hour_n sail_v the_o wind_n turn_v and_o we_o be_v force_v to_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n not_o far_o from_o canton_n where_o we_o lie_v all_o night_n upon_o the_o 23._o come_v the_o steward_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o guard_n with_o the_o mandorin_n who_o have_v accompany_v the_o ambassador_n forward_o and_o backward_o from_o peking_n and_o treat_v they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o master_n with_o their_o strong_a liquor_n samsou_n in_o the_o king_n own_o dish_n they_o wish_v the_o ambassador_n a_o speedy_a and_o successful_a voyage_n and_o that_o they_o may_v sudden_o return_v again_o and_o after_o some_o health_n have_v go_v about_o they_o take_v leave_v and_o 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live_v in_o princely_a state_n be_v serve_v and_o wait_v on_o with_o extraordinary_a pomp_n and_o splendour_n but_o have_v no_o command_n in_o the_o least_o over_o any_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n neither_o may_v they_o depart_v from_o that_o city_n without_o the_o king_n be_v special_a licence_n in_o this_o government_n be_v find_v no_o old_a law_n as_o among_o those_o of_o europe_n no_o imperial_a edict_n which_o have_v their_o original_n from_o the_o ancient_a roman_n but_o those_o that_o be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o their_o own_o house_n and_o have_v by_o conquest_n or_o otherwise_o resume_v the_o government_n make_v new_a statute_n according_a to_o their_o pleasure_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o law_n which_o be_v in_o use_n before_o this_o last_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o be_v in_o part_n observe_v to_o this_o day_n by_o the_o people_n be_v of_o no_o long_o stand_v then_o the_o emperor_n humvuo_n who_o race_n for_o his_o most_o heroic_a action_n in_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v call_v stamin_z which_o signify_v great_a courage_n this_o emperor_n make_v several_a law_n and_o confirm_v other_o make_v by_o his_o predecessor_n their_o emperor_n be_v common_o call_v thiensu_fw-la which_o signify_v the_o son_n of_o heaven_n and_o this_o name_n be_v give_v he_o not_o that_o they_o believe_v he_o have_v his_o original_a from_o thence_o but_o because_o they_o believe_v he_o be_v better_a belove_v by_o be_v prefer_v to_o so_o great_a a_o dignity_n above_o all_o other_o mortal_n for_o his_o eminent_a and_o natural_a virtue_n and_o because_o they_o adore_v and_o worship_v heaven_n for_o the_o high_a deity_n so_o that_o when_o they_o name_v the_o son_n of_o heaven_n it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o they_o say_v the_o son_n of_o god_n however_o the_o commonalty_n call_v not_o the_o emperor_n thiensu_fw-la but_o hoangti_n the_o yellow_a emperor_n or_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o they_o name_v yellow_a of_o colour_n to_o distinguish_v he_o from_o xangti_n which_o signify_v the_o high_a emperor_n two_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o ninety_o seven_o year_n before_o christ_n birth_n their_o first_o prince_n reign_v who_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o hoangti_n and_o because_o of_o his_o extraordinary_a virtue_n and_o valiant_a deed_n the_o chineses_n have_v ever_o since_o call_v their_o emperor_n hoangti_n none_o be_v choose_v or_o employ_v in_o the_o government_n and_o management_n of_o public_a affair_n but_o such_o as_o be_v hold_v capable_a and_o have_v the_o title_n of_o doctor_n of_o the_o law_n man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o eminent_a part_n for_o whosoever_o be_v prefer_v in_o china_n to_o place_n and_o office_n of_o trust_n have_v give_v a_o clear_a testimony_n of_o his_o knowledge_n prudence_n virtue_n and_o valour_n neither_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o grandeur_n of_o his_o friend_n stand_v he_o in_o any_o stead_n if_o he_o be_v not_o so_o extraordinary_o qualify_v all_o magistrate_n both_o civil_a and_o military_a be_v call_v in_o the_o country_n idiom_n quonfu_n which_o signify_v man_n fit_a for_o council_n they_o be_v also_o call_v sometime_o by_o the_o name_n of_o lavie_n which_o signify_v lord_n or_o master_n the_o portuguese_n call_v these_o magistrate_n in_o china_n mandorin_n it_o may_v be_v from_o the_o latin_a word_n mandando_fw-la by_o which_o name_n the_o officer_n of_o that_o state_n in_o that_o country_n be_v also_o receive_v and_o understand_v by_o we_o of_o europe_n and_o although_o i_o say_v at_o the_o beginning_n that_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n or_o empire_n consist_v of_o one_o single_a person_n yet_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o what_o shall_v follow_v that_o the_o government_n have_v also_o some_o commixture_n with_o that_o of_o aristocracy_n for_o although_o that_o which_o the_o magistrate_n conclude_v and_o full_o determine_v must_v afterward_o be_v ratify_v by_o the_o king_n upon_o request_n make_v to_o he_o yet_o he_o also_o finish_v nothing_o himself_n in_o any_o business_n before_o he_o be_v thereunto_o first_o desire_v by_o his_o council_n it_o be_v also_o very_o certain_a that_o it_o be_v no_o way_n lawful_a for_o the_o king_n to_o confer_v any_o office_n dignity_n or_o place_n in_o the_o magistracy_n upon_o any_o unless_o he_o be_v first_o request_v by_o one_o in_o special_a authority_n but_o yet_o he_o have_v power_n to_o present_v his_o courtier_n with_o some_o special_a gift_n and_o this_o he_o often_o do_v according_a to_o a_o old_a custom_n whereby_o it_o be_v free_a for_o any_o one_o to_o raise_v his_o friend_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n the_o public_a tax_n assessment_n imposition_n and_o revenue_n be_v not_o bring_v into_o the_o king_n treasury_n neither_o may_v he_o dispose_v thereof_o at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o they_o be_v deliver_v either_o in_o money_n or_o good_n into_o the_o treasury_n and_o granary_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o income_n discharge_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o king_n family_n consist_v of_o wife_n concubine_n son_n favourite_n and_o the_o like_a there_o be_v two_o distinct_a council_n in_o china_n one_o whereof_o not_o only_a officiate_n in_o affair_n of_o state_n at_o court_n but_o have_v likewise_o the_o care_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o other_o be_v make_v up_o of_o provincial_a governor_n who_o rule_v particular_a province_n and_o city_n a_o catalogue_n of_o which_o officer_n fill_v up_o five_o or_o six_o large_a volume_n print_v every_o month_n and_o to_o be_v sell_v at_o peking_n where_o the_o court_n reside_v in_o these_o book_n be_v mention_v only_o the_o name_n of_o province_n and_o city_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o those_o who_o for_o that_o end_n be_v employ_v in_o the_o magistracy_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n these_o book_n be_v always_o reprinting_a in_o regard_n so_o vast_a a_o number_n of_o alteration_n happen_v daily_o for_o some_o die_v other_o be_v lay_v aside_o and_o new_a one_o choose_v in_o 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pay_v the_o army_n and_o other_o charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o three_o they_o name_v limpu_n this_o take_v care_n of_o the_o common_a offering_n temple_n priest_n the_o king_n woman_n school_n and_o public_a place_n of_o learning_n to_o see_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o order_n likewise_o order_v their_o holiday_n and_o the_o obedience_n which_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v to_o the_o emperor_n upon_o certain_a time_n and_o occasion_n also_o dispose_n and_o confer_v title_n of_o honour_n upon_o such_o as_o deserve_v they_o takes_z care_n for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o art_n and_o science_n send_v and_o receive_v of_o ambassador_n and_o the_o write_n of_o letter_n into_o all_o part_n the_o four_o council_n be_v call_v pimpu_n or_o the_o council_n of_o war_n to_o who_o be_v leave_v the_o management_n of_o peace_n and_o military_a affair_n wherein_o however_o they_o be_v not_o to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o emperor_n they_o dispose_v of_o 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call_v chayven_v the_o first_o have_v a_o superintendent_n power_n over_o the_o other_o magistrate_n and_o subject_n command_v the_o soldiery_n and_o be_v concern_v in_o all_o the_o chief_a office_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o the_o great_a vice-roys_n in_o europe_n either_o for_o power_n or_o pomp._n he_o continue_v three_o year_n in_o the_o employment_n and_o all_o that_o time_n have_v constant_o courier_n go_v to_o and_o come_v from_o court_n and_o this_o because_o he_o must_v daily_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o his_o province_n at_o his_o first_o go_v from_o court_n several_a person_n of_o great_a quality_n who_o also_o be_v of_o his_o council_n be_v send_v to_o wait_v upon_o he_o to_o his_o palace_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o city_n and_o town_n through_o which_o he_o pass_v go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o with_o great_a respect_n and_o accompany_v he_o good_a part_n of_o his_o way_n both_o on_o horseback_n and_o on_o 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of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o other_o corporal_a punishment_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n through_o the_o whole_a province_n so_o that_o all_o person_n equal_o fear_v and_o reverence_v he_o beside_o these_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o emperor_n there_o be_v another_o examiner_n call_v likewise_o tutang_n but_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o empress_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o his_o business_n be_v only_o to_o visit_v the_o prison_n of_o the_o province_n with_o a_o full_a power_n to_o release_v all_o such_o from_o they_o as_o have_v be_v put_v in_o for_o trivial_a matter_n he_o have_v a_o very_a great_a regard_n to_o the_o poor_a his_o chief_a office_n be_v to_o perform_v deed_n of_o charity_n and_o extend_v compassion_n in_o every_o province_n be_v also_o a_o treasurer_n who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o royal_a revenue_n arise_v within_o the_o whole_a province_n he_o receive_v his_o commission_n from_o the_o rix-council_n appoint_v for_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n with_o he_o be_v join_v two_o assistant_n who_o both_o reside_v in_o his_o palace_n and_o he_o have_v under_o he_o twenty_o six_o mandorin_n who_o be_v employ_v in_o several_a office_n he_o receive_v and_o take_v a_o account_n of_o all_o the_o toll_v imposition_n and_o royal_a tax_n take_v a_o special_a care_n of_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_n and_o determine_v all_o cause_n and_o difference_n that_o arise_v about_o the_o emperor_n revenue_n he_o be_v the_o person_n that_o pay_v all_o salary_n wage_n and_o annuity_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o magistrate_n the_o emperor_n kindred_n or_o soldier_n and_o likewise_o disburse_v all_o money_n to_o be_v lay_v out_o for_o repair_v of_o bridge_n street_n and_o common_a edifice_n such_o as_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o mandorin_n the_o four_o council_n be_v begin_v cha_n sci_n who_o business_n be_v to_o inflict_v or_o pass_v sentence_n for_o corporal_a punishment_n the_o fifth-council_n take_v care_n to_o improve_v and_o reward_v learning_n and_o knowledge_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o rix-council_n in_o china_n but_o before_o i_o conclude_v with_o their_o method_n of_o government_n it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o labour_n to_o make_v some_o mention_n of_o the_o strange_a and_o unusual_a custom_n use_v among_o they_o which_o other_o nation_n have_v hardly_o hear_v of_o and_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v sway_v by_o philosopher_n to_o who_o not_o only_o the_o people_n but_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o court_n yield_v a_o awful_a reverence_n insomuch_o that_o they_o submit_v with_o all_o humility_n to_o receive_v correction_n from_o they_o as_o child_n from_o a_o master_n by_o these_o philosopher_n be_v all_o military_a affair_n order_v over_o which_o they_o be_v appoint_v as_o overseer_n and_o their_o counsel_n and_o opinion_n make_v great_a impression_n upon_o the_o emperor_n than_o all_o the_o most_o admirable_a observation_n of_o the_o commander_n themselves_o who_o be_v very_o seldom_o and_o then_o but_o some_o few_o take_v into_o the_o council_n but_o that_o which_o will_v appear_v yet_o more_o strange_a be_v that_o these_o philosopher_n far_o exceed_v the_o military_a commander_n in_o courage_n and_o fidelity_n and_o will_v hazard_v their_o person_n beyond_o any_o of_o they_o in_o the_o most_o imminent_a danger_n for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n second_o but_o that_o which_o indeed_o to_o our_o european_a world_n will_v seem_v most_o admirable_a be_v the_o good_a understanding_n and_o perfect_a unanimity_n which_o be_v constant_o hold_v between_o the_o high_a and_o the_o inferior_a magistrate_n as_o also_o between_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n and_o the_o rix-council_n and_o between_o those_o and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o declare_v by_o that_o mutual_a respect_n and_o affection_n which_o they_o bear_v to_o one_o another_o in_o make_v visit_n and_o send_v present_n upon_o all_o occasion_n for_o the_o continuation_n of_o this_o so_o well_o knit_v correspondence_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o constant_a and_o strict_a amity_n the_o inferior_a magistrate_n never_o speak_v to_o the_o chief_a minister_n of_o state_n but_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o that_o with_o singular_a civility_n and_o profound_a respect_n with_o like_a respect_n and_o submissive_a carriage_n the_o subject_n behave_v themselves_o to_o the_o governor_n and_o ruler_n of_o city_n three_o no_o person_n continue_v in_o office_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n long_o than_o three_o year_n unless_o he_o be_v confirm_v anew_o by_o the_o emperor_n which_o happen_v very_o seldom_o because_o as_o every_o man_n merit_v by_o his_o upright_a carriage_n and_o deportment_n he_o be_v still_o advance_v to_o high_a and_o more_o noble_a promotion_n and_o certain_o this_o be_v do_v upon_o great_a and_o political_a reason_n of_o state_n as_o to_o prevent_v any_o such_o governor_n from_o contract_v near_o friendship_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n whereby_o to_o draw_v their_o affection_n to_o a_o by-interest_n on_o his_o part_n to_o undertake_v faction_n or_o novelty_n against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o better_a bring_v to_o pass_v whereof_o all_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o province_n division_n and_o city_n be_v bind_v to_o appear_v every_o three_o year_n at_o the_o emperor_n court_n to_o do_v homage_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o at_o which_o time_n a_o strict_a account_n be_v take_v of_o their_o carriage_n and_o behaviour_n in_o their_o several_a place_n and_o after_o a_o through_o examination_n of_o all_o matter_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n determine_v who_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v continue_v who_o to_o be_v cashier_v who_o to_o be_v prefer_v and_o last_o who_o to_o be_v punish_v and_o this_o without_o any_o respect_n of_o person_n likewise_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o make_v any_o alteration_n in_o what_o be_v conclude_v by_o the_o council_n and_o judge_n upon_o this_o examination_n which_o be_v so_o severe_a and_o impartial_a that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n only_o the_o great_a person_n offend_v be_v punish_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n we_o read_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1607._o so_o strict_a a_o examination_n be_v make_v that_o four_o thousand_o principal_a magistrate_n who_o have_v misbehave_v themselves_o receive_v reward_n just_o due_a to_o their_o demerit_n the_o person_n so_o condemn_v be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o crime_n into_o five_o rank_n under_o the_o first_o be_v comprehend_v such_o as_o take_v bribe_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o emperor_n treasury_n these_o be_v turn_v out_o be_v for_o ever_o make_v incapable_a of_o bear_v any_o public_a office_n under_o the_o second_o rank_n be_v set_v down_o those_o who_o be_v too_o cruel_a in_o their_o punishment_n these_o be_v likewise_o turn_v out_o of_o their_o place_n and_o send_v home_o
to_o live_v as_o private_a person_n under_o the_o three_o be_v reckon_v such_o as_o be_v decrepit_a and_o too_o far_o strike_v in_o year_n for_o government_n or_o else_o such_o as_o be_v too_o remiss_a in_o their_o office_n these_o though_o they_o be_v put_v by_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o office_n yet_o enjoy_v all_o their_o privilege_n as_o they_o be_v wont_a when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o place_n so_o long_o as_o they_o live_v in_o the_o four_o rank_n be_v put_v down_o such_o as_o have_v be_v too_o hasty_a and_o rash_a in_o pass_v sentence_n act_v without_o any_o forecast_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o empire_n these_o be_v degrade_v and_o put_v in_o some_o inferior_a office_n or_o else_o employ_v elsewhere_o upon_o less_o weighty_a affair_n in_o the_o last_o place_n all_o such_o as_o live_v imprudent_o and_o unbecoming_a the_o greatness_n of_o their_o station_n and_o employment_n be_v not_o only_o deprive_v of_o their_o place_n but_o also_o of_o their_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n for_o ever_o the_o like_a general_a inquisition_n and_o examination_n be_v make_v every_o twelve_o year_n among_o the_o rix-council_n as_o also_o among_o the_o military_a officer_n beside_o the_o mandorin_n and_o assistant_n be_v oblige_v once_o a_o day_n to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o their_o city_n of_o their_o own_o and_o other_o person_n transaction_n under_o their_o jurisdiction_n as_o also_o what_o have_v past_a either_o in_o city_n or_o country_n and_o if_o they_o forbear_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o tend_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o state_n which_o afterward_o come_v to_o be_v know_v they_o be_v most_o severe_o punish_v without_o any_o delay_n or_o respect_n of_o their_o person_n a_o instance_n whereof_o happen_v at_o canton_n when_o we_o be_v there_o the_o old_a viceroy_n cause_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a mandorin_n to_o be_v kill_v in_o his_o presence_n for_o such_o a_o crime_n and_o will_v not_o delay_v the_o expiation_n of_o the_o criminal_n offence_n by_o his_o blood_n so_o long_o till_o the_o executioner_n can_v be_v fetch_v to_o behead_v the_o offender_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n four_o none_o may_v in_o the_o province_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o a_o magistrate_n but_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v a_o field-commander_n the_o reason_n whereof_o may_v be_v lest_o he_o who_o sit_v in_o the_o place_n of_o justice_n shall_v favour_v his_o relation_n but_o the_o soldier_n be_v at_o home_n in_o his_o own_o country_n will_v fight_v pro_fw-la aris_n &_o focis_fw-la and_o the_o more_o valiant_o defend_v it_o the_o son_n of_o such_o as_o be_v magistrate_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o go_v much_o abroad_o that_o so_o they_o may_v not_o be_v corrupt_v with_o bribe_n five_o the_o chineses_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o stranger_n to_o continue_v in_o their_o country_n who_o have_v a_o intention_n to_o return_v home_o into_o his_o own_o native_a soil_n or_o be_v find_v to_o hold_v any_o correspondence_n with_o foreign_a kingdom_n neither_o be_v a_o foreiner_n permit_v to_o come_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o no_o stranger_n dare_v venture_v into_o china_n otherwise_o than_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o embassy_n which_o be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o such_o as_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o china_n but_o also_o of_o their_o friend_n ally_n and_o tributary_n who_o pay_v tax_n to_o they_o of_o which_o sort_n be_v the_o neighbour_a islander_n of_o corea_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n observe_v the_o chinese_n law_n and_o if_o they_o discover_v a_o foreiner_n to_o have_v live_v private_o in_o china_n they_o restrain_v he_o from_o return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n six_o no_o body_n be_v suffer_v to_o wear_v any_o arm_n within_o a_o city_n nor_o the_o soldier_n nor_o commander_n nor_o the_o learned_a philosopher_n unless_o they_o be_v upon_o the_o march_n and_o go_v to_o the_o war_n neither_o be_v any_o suffer_v to_o have_v arm_n in_o their_o house_n or_o to_o ride_v arm_v otherwise_o than_o with_o a_o dagger_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o high-way-man_n in_o this_o empire_n all_o magisterial_a officer_n whatever_o whether_o philosophical_a or_o of_o the_o council_n of_o war_n be_v rank_v into_o nine_o order_n according_a to_o which_o each_o have_v a_o monthly_a allowance_n pay_v he_o either_o in_o money_n or_o rice_n out_o of_o the_o public_a revenue_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o state_n and_o garb_n they_o live_v in_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o defray_v the_o charge_n and_o expense_n they_o be_v at_o for_o those_o of_o the_o high_a order_n have_v but_o a_o thousand_o crown_n yearly_a yet_o some_o of_o they_o grow_v to_o be_v very_o rich_a man_n but_o certain_o not_o by_o what_o be_v give_v they_o underhand_o for_o courtesy_n do_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o examination_n aforesaid_a all_o the_o magistrate_n as_o well_o superior_a as_o inferior_a wear_v for_o a_o badge_n and_o mark_n of_o respect_n and_o dignity_n one_o sort_n and_o fashion_n of_o hat_n which_o none_o else_o be_v suffer_v to_o wear_v these_o hat_n or_o bonnet_n be_v make_v of_o black_a silk_n and_o have_v on_o both_o side_n two_o oval_a flap_n which_o cover_v the_o ear_n and_o be_v make_v fast_o to_o the_o bonnet_n that_o they_o can_v fall_v off_o in_o which_o manner_n and_o garb_n when_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o street_n they_o walk_v with_o great_a gravity_n not_o differ_v from_o each_o other_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o habit_n save_v only_o that_o they_o have_v distinguish_v mark_n upon_o their_o clothes_n whereby_o their_o quality_n be_v know_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o to_o what_o order_n they_o belong_v last_o you_o must_v know_v that_o the_o chinese_n though_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o this_o empire_n yet_o sit_v every_o where_o in_o the_o council_n they_o 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several_a old_a astrological_a instrument_n make_v of_o copper_n or_o brass_n be_v keep_v in_o this_o place_n every_o night_n one_o of_o the_o profession_n remain_v here_o to_o observe_v whether_o any_o new_a star_n appear_v in_o the_o firmament_n which_o might_n foretell_v some_o novelty_n and_o if_o any_o such_o thing_n happen_v he_o immediate_o give_v notice_n thereof_o to_o the_o society_n and_o they_o communicate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o emperor_n and_o consult_v with_o he_o what_o it_o may_v portend_v and_o how_o relate_v to_o good_a or_o evil_n and_o this_o be_v the_o office_n or_o duty_n of_o the_o astrologer_n at_o peking_n as_o to_o physic_n and_o chirurgery_n they_o be_v very_o expert_a therein_o and_o their_o rule_n of_o art_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o those_o of_o our_o european_a physician_n for_o first_o they_o feel_v the_o pulse_n like_o they_o and_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o discover_v by_o the_o same_o the_o inward_a distemper_n of_o the_o body_n in_o each_o 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all_o kind_n of_o herb_n grow_v among_o they_o and_o this_o be_v observable_a that_o there_o be_v no_o school_n in_o all_o china_n for_o the_o learning_n of_o physic_n but_o every_o master_n of_o family_n teach_v his_o servant_n and_o true_a it_o be_v that_o although_o in_o both_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o nank_v the_o degree_n of_o doctor_n of_o physic_n be_v not_o grant_v but_o after_o examination_n yet_o this_o degree_n when_o obtain_v do_v advance_v neither_o the_o honour_n or_o respect_n of_o the_o person_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o few_o or_o none_o study_v physic_n but_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n because_o the_o very_a profession_n thereof_o which_o be_v so_o honourable_a in_o other_o place_n be_v there_o be_v no_o esteem_n nor_o add_v the_o least_o reputation_n to_o he_o that_o gain_v it_o but_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o with_o such_o as_o study_v philosophy_n for_o whosoever_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o perfection_n thereof_o be_v by_o they_o account_v to_o have_v arrive_v at_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o humane_a happiness_n attainable_a in_o this_o world_n the_o abovementioned_a confutius_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n have_v collect_v into_o order_n all_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_n in_o that_o kind_n and_o contract_v they_o into_o four_o great_a book_n to_o which_o he_o add_v a_o five_o of_o his_o own_o in_o which_o volume_n be_v teach_v rule_v oeconomical_a and_o political_a as_o well_o the_o way_n to_o live_v as_o to_o govern_v well_o as_o also_o the_o ancient_a example_n manner_n offering_n and_o several_a poem_n of_o ancient_a author_n but_o beside_o these_o five_o there_o be_v another_o great_a volume_n write_v by_o some_o of_o the_o disciple_n of_o confutius_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n and_o call_v the_o four_o book_n the_o last_o volume_n thus_o subdivide_v
furlong_n in_o length_n over_o which_o be_v the_o direct_a road_n to_o fokien_n and_o have_v several_a good_a inn_n upon_o it_o for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o passenger_n bridge_n or_o sluice_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la over_o the_o river_n guei_n lie_v three_o sluice_n namely_o one_o easterly_n the_o second_o in_o the_o middle_n the_o three_o towards_o the_o west_n all_o of_o they_o build_v very_o strong_a with_o many_o great_a and_o very_o high_a arch_n of_o square_a stone_n curious_o adorn_v and_o carve_v with_o divers_a sort_n of_o image_n as_o lion_n dragon_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o in_o the_o four_o chief_a city_n ganxin_n be_v three_o sluice_n of_o great_a bigness_n but_o the_o three_o call_v tiense_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o natural_a sluice_n be_v well_o nigh_o a_o thousand_o rod_n long_o in_o the_o same_o province_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hanchung_a be_v a_o most_o admirable_a piece_n of_o work_n so_o great_a a_o 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changleangus_fw-la the_o general_n of_o licupangus_fw-la to_o make_v his_o army_n with_o the_o more_o ease_n to_o pursue_v the_o fly_a enemy_n and_o certain_o with_o great_a and_o incredible_a labour_n and_o industry_n be_v this_o stupendous_a work_n effect_v in_o which_o he_o employ_v no_o less_o than_o his_o whole_a army_n with_o at_o least_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n more_o by_o who_o labour_n a_o way_n be_v at_o last_o perfect_v through_o the_o same_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n be_v wall_n make_v out_o of_o these_o mountain_n so_o high_a that_o part_n thereof_o touch_v the_o very_a cloud_n and_o thereby_o obscure_v the_o passage_n in_o some_o place_n in_o other_o he_o cause_v plank_n to_o be_v lay_v to_o serve_v as_o bridge_n to_o pass_v over_o from_o one_o mountain_n to_o another_o on_o purpose_n to_o shorten_v the_o way_n which_o be_v general_o so_o broad_a that_o four_o may_v ride_v abreast_o and_o have_v convenience_n enough_o to_o accommodate_v passenger_n and_o lest_o the_o people_n shall_v by_o chance_n receive_v any_o mischief_n as_o they_o pass_v over_o the_o bridge_n both_o the_o side_n thereof_o be_v rail_v in_o from_o one_o end_n to_o another_o in_o the_o same_o province_n near_o to_o the_o city_n chegan_n be_v a_o bridge_n call_v fi_n reach_v from_o one_o mountain_n to_o another_o and_o have_v but_o one_o single_a arch_n which_o be_v six_o hundred_o foot_n long_o and_o near_o seven_o hundred_o foot_n high_a through_o which_o the_o yellow_a river_n run_v it_o be_v three_o year_n in_o building_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o people_n the_o fly_a bridge_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n in_o the_o city_n queite_fw-mi lie_v a_o sluice_n make_v of_o foursquare_a stone_n over_o the_o mere_a or_o lake_n call_v nan._n in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o the_o city_n chyangang_n be_v another_o sluice_n of_o stone_n have_v several_a arch_n erect_v by_o king_n guei_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n in_o the_o little_a city_n of_o gangin_n there_o be_v a_o bridge_n worthy_a to_o be_v speak_v of_o and_o call_v the_o bridge_n of_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n the_o story_n of_o it_o go_v thus_o a_o daughter_n of_o rich_a parent_n marry_v a_o husband_n who_o soon_o after_o die_v and_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v hold_v in_o china_n a_o great_a dishonour_n to_o honest_a woman_n to_o marry_v the_o second_o time_n she_o go_v and_o live_v with_o her_o father_n and_o mother_n that_o by_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o their_o company_n she_o may_v the_o better_o and_o more_o easy_o forget_v the_o loss_n of_o her_o husband_n but_o not_o long_o after_o her_o father_n and_o mother_n happen_v to_o die_v by_o who_o loss_n be_v leave_v comfortless_a she_o upon_o serious_a debate_n within_o herself_o lay_v out_o her_o estate_n upon_o building_n of_o this_o bridge_n which_o stand_v upon_o several_a arch_n and_o when_o she_o have_v finish_v it_o be_v yet_o trouble_v in_o her_o thought_n she_o come_v early_o one_o morning_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o structure_n which_o have_v do_v and_o imagine_v her_o memory_n will_v be_v eternize_v thereby_o she_o fling_v herself_o headlong_o into_o the_o river_n where_o she_o be_v drown_v in_o the_o same_o province_n in_o the_o city_n of_o cancheu_fw-la where_o the_o river_n change_v and_o can_v meet_v in_o one_o be_v a_o very_a long_a bridge_n build_v upon_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o boat_n fasten_v to_o one_o another_o with_o chain_n upon_o which_o lie_v the_o plank_n and_o timber_n that_o compile_v the_o bridge_n one_o or_o two_o of_o which_o boat_n be_v so_o contrive_v and_o order_v that_o they_o easy_o remove_v to_o open_v or_o shut_v and_o so_o make_v passage_n for_o vessel_n at_o pleasure_n after_o they_o have_v pay_v their_o toll_n for_o the_o receipt_n whereof_o there_o stand_v a_o toll-house_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bridge_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o five_o chief_a city_n xinhoa_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n fanguien_v be_v a_o very_a large_a bridge_n make_v over_o a_o vale_n which_o be_v so_o stupendous_a a_o work_n that_o it_o fill_v all_o people_n with_o great_a admiration_n that_o ever_o see_v it_o in_o the_o same_o province_n in_o the_o city_n luki_n be_v a_o bridge_n consist_v of_o stone_n pillar_n and_o wooden_a plank_n which_o be_v a_o hundred_o rod_n in_o length_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n focheu_o be_v a_o very_a stately_a sluice_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o rod_n long_o and_o half_a a_o rod_n broad_a build_v over_o a_o inlet_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o yellow_a and_o white_a stone_n with_o a_o hundred_o very_o lofty_a arch_n adorn_v and_o beautify_v with_o sculpture_n of_o lion_n and_o other_o creature_n the_o like_a lie_n near_o to_o the_o city_n foce_n and_o according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o chinese_n be_v a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o rod_n long_o in_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n civencheu_o may_v be_v see_v a_o stately_a bridge_n call_v loyang_n the_o like_a whereof_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o whole_a world_n who_o description_n a_o certain_a chinese_n historian_n give_v after_o this_o manner_n near_o to_o the_o city_n burrolilicum_fw-la say_v he_o lie_v over_o the_o river_n loyang_n the_o bridge_n by_o some_o call_v also_o loyang_n but_o by_o other_o vangang_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n name_v cayang_n cause_v this_o bridge_n to_o be_v make_v which_o be_v three_o hundred_o sixty_o rod_n long_o and_o half_a a_o rod_n broad_a before_o the_o erect_n thereof_o people_n be_v ferry_v over_o in_o boat_n but_o in_o regard_n every_o year_n several_a boat_n be_v cast_v away_o by_o foul_a wether_n the_o governor_n for_o the_o preservation_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n resolve_v to_o build_v this_o bridge_n which_o he_o do_v of_o blackâ—_n stone_n it_o rest_v not_o upon_o arch_n but_o have_v at_o least_o three_o hundred_o large_a pedestal_n or_o column_n of_o stone_n make_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o boat_n which_o be_v sharp_a before_o the_o better_a to_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o current_n and_o to_o prevent_v any_o danger_n to_o such_o as_o pass_v over_o the_o side_n be_v wall_v in_o with_o stone_n to_o a_o good_a height_n and_o beautify_v in_o several_a place_n with_o image_n of_o all_o sort_n according_a to_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o country_n in_o the_o three_o chief_a city_n cangcheu_o there_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v another_o very_a stately_a bridge_n make_v of_o stone_n with_o thirty_o six_o very_a high_a and_o great_a arch_n it_o be_v so_o commodious_o broad_a that_o shop_n be_v make_v on_o both_o side_n and_o yet_o room_n enough_o for_o passenger_n either_o on_o horse_n or_o foot_n there_o be_v several_a other_o famous_a bridge_n in_o many_o port_n and_o city_n of_o this_o empire_n which_o to_o particularize_v
without_o by_o mean_n whereof_o there_o be_v such_o great_a and_o swarm_a herd_n continual_o keep_v in_o the_o street_n that_o they_o be_v hardly_o passable_a yet_o they_o be_v always_o keep_v very_o clean_o great_a number_n of_o people_n be_v continual_o employ_v in_o take_v away_o the_o filth_n in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n there_o be_v some_o cat_n with_o very_a long_a hair_n as_o white_a as_o milk_n and_o have_v long_a ear_n like_o a_o spaniel_n the_o gentlewoman_n keep_v they_o for_o their_o pleasure_n for_o they_o will_v not_o hunt_v after_o or_o catch_v mouse_n the_o reason_n perhaps_o be_v for_o that_o they_o be_v too_o high_a feed_v yet_o they_o have_v store_n of_o other_o cat_n which_o be_v good_a mouser_n in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n and_o suchue_n be_v the_o best_a horse_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la upon_o the_o mountain_n holan_n three_o hundred_o mile_n large_a be_v many_o wild_a horse_n their_o horse_n be_v general_o but_o of_o a_o mean_a stature_n yet_o well_o set_v broad_a buttocked_a and_o strong_a for_o service_n near_o sve_v be_v yellow_a mouse_n very_o large_a who_o skin_n be_v in_o much_o request_n among_o the_o people_n in_o all_o part_n of_o china_n especial_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n be_v abundance_n of_o stag_n buck_n hare_n etc._n etc._n in_o xantung_n be_v many_o ravenous_a wolf_n and_o in_o xensi_fw-la abundance_n of_o bear_n the_o fore-feet_n whereof_o be_v hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n by_o the_o native_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n linyao_n lie_v some_o mountain_n upon_o which_o be_v breed_v wild_a ox_n and_o creature_n like_o tiger_n with_o who_o skin_n the_o inhabitant_n make_v their_o clothes_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n near_o the_o city_n po_n be_v a_o creature_n call_v the_o rhinoceros_n it_o be_v of_o a_o swart_a hue_n like_o the_o elephant_n the_o skin_n be_v full_a of_o wrinkle_n and_o so_o hard_o withal_o that_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v pierce_v with_o a_o sword_n it_o have_v a_o snout_n like_o a_o hog_n but_o sharp_a and_o above_o the_o nostril_n stand_v the_o horn_n which_o be_v general_o black_a now_o and_o then_o there_o be_v one_o white_a but_o very_o seldom_o and_o that_o be_v sell_v much_o dear_a than_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o one_o be_v large_a than_o the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o beast_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o tiger_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n mischievous_a and_o fierce_a according_a to_o their_o nature_n but_o upon_o the_o mountain_n kutien_n be_v some_o that_o will_v not_o hurt_v a_o man._n in_o several_a part_n of_o china_n also_o be_v elephant_n breed_v but_o the_o best_a be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v and_o junnan_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v a_o few_o word_n concern_v they_o so_o much_o have_v be_v already_o say_v by_o several_a author_n their_o bigness_n be_v various_a at_o constantinople_n be_v one_o see_v which_o from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o furthermost_a part_n of_o the_o back_n be_v eleven_o foot_n and_o from_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o snout_n eight_o foot_n long_o in_o height_n some_o be_v twelve_o other_o thirteen_o and_o fourteen_o foot_n they_o be_v general_o black_a but_o some_o chinese_n writer_n affirm_v that_o the_o king_n of_o nazaringa_n have_v a_o white_a one_o their_o skin_n be_v like_a network_n but_o so_o extraordinary_a hard_a that_o it_o will_v turn_v the_o edge_n of_o a_o sword_n yet_o it_o be_v hard_a upon_o the_o back_n than_o the_o belly_n for_o the_o chew_v of_o their_o meat_n they_o have_v four_o tooth_n within_o beside_o those_o that_o stick_v out_o before_o which_o stand_v crooked_a in_o the_o male_a and_o downright_o in_o the_o female_a the_o nether_a jawbone_n be_v only_o move_v in_o chew_v the_o upper_a always_o rest_v in_o that_o part_n where_o the_o nose_n be_v place_v in_o other_o creature_n the_o elephant_n have_v a_o long_a trunk_n or_o snout_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o have_v a_o slit_v at_o the_o end_n this_o be_v both_o pliable_a and_o slippery_a which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o stead_n of_o a_o hand_n for_o they_o can_v take_v up_o any_o thing_n with_o it_o either_o moist_a or_o dry_a and_o put_v it_o into_o their_o mouth_n in_o the_o province_n of_o junnan_n the_o hill_n nalo_n be_v full_a of_o wild_a tiger_n and_o leopard_n and_o so_o also_o be_v the_o mountain_n xepao_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n they_o be_v much_o fierce_a than_o lion_n and_o very_o hot_a and_o eager_a in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n but_o nature_n have_v in_o some_o sort_n provide_v a_o mean_n whereby_o to_o avoid_v the_o cruelty_n of_o this_o beast_n for_o it_o be_v always_o accompany_v with_o a_o small_a creature_n which_o with_o continual_a barking_n give_v notice_n of_o its_o come_n upon_o which_o noise_n every_o live_a thing_n endeavour_v to_o get_v out_o of_o the_o way_n by_o flight_n or_o otherwise_o the_o people_n of_o bengala_n stand_v in_o very_o great_a dread_n of_o this_o beast_n the_o tiger_n and_o rhinoceros_n as_o bontius_n write_v be_v great_a friend_n to_o one_o another_o converse_v much_o together_o the_o reason_n whereof_o the_o islander_n of_o japan_n tell_v i_o be_v as_o they_o suppose_v and_o which_o be_v not_o improbable_a because_o the_o tiger_n be_v altogether_o a_o devourer_n of_o flesh_n which_o must_v of_o necessity_n occasion_n a_o weak_a stomach_n whereas_o the_o rhinoceros_n feed_v only_o upon_o green_n therefore_o the_o tiger_n follow_v he_o for_o his_o dung_n sake_n which_o he_o eat_v for_o a_o cure_n when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o order_n as_o the_o dog_n grass_n and_o the_o cat_n nip_v or_o cats-mint_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n be_v very_o large_a hog_n with_o great_a and_o strong_a bristle_n of_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a long_o which_o by_o a_o particular_a and_o strange_a motion_n of_o the_o body_n they_o know_v how_o to_o dart_v towards_o any_o one_o and_o that_o not_o without_o great_a prejudice_n of_o those_o they_o hit_v in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v find_v the_o creature_n call_v xee_v from_o who_o proceed_v the_o musk_n and_o which_o be_v very_o strange_a if_o at_o any_o time_n it_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lu._n into_o the_o adjacent_a kingdom_n of_o laos_n it_o die_v immediate_o as_o a_o fish_n out_o of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o gannan_n be_v a_o certain_a creature_n call_v tese_n which_o in_o shape_n come_v very_o near_o to_o a_o man_n have_v long_a arm_n he_o be_v black_a and_o hairy_a upon_o the_o body_n swift_a of_o foot_n and_o laugh_v aloud_o like_o a_o man_n but_o be_v of_o so_o voracious_a a_o nature_n that_o whosoever_o he_o meet_v with_o he_o instant_o devour_v in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v toyung_a upon_o which_o be_v monkey_n or_o baboon_n which_o for_o bigness_n and_o shape_n be_v very_o like_o a_o man._n these_o creature_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o addict_v to_o venery_n so_o that_o they_o often_o attempt_v to_o surprise_v woman_n on_o purpose_n to_o satisfy_v their_o beastial_a lust_n and_o have_v their_o will_n on_o they_o the_o indian_n call_v they_o wild_a man_n and_o the_o indian_a woman_n be_v in_o such_o fear_n of_o they_o that_o they_o dare_v not_o come_v near_o those_o wood_n where_o they_o frequent_a of_o fowl_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n be_v hen_n and_o fat_a capon_n to_o be_v have_v very_o cheap_a as_o also_o great_a abundance_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fowl_n as_o pheasant_n partridge_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la about_o mincheu_o be_v cock_n and_o hen_n have_v wool_n upon_o they_o in_o stead_n of_o feather_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n be_v a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o duck_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n take_v great_a delight_n to_o breed_v and_o increase_v they_o never_o suffer_v the_o duck_n to_o sit_v upon_o her_o egg_n to_o hatch_v they_o but_o put_v they_o into_o a_o oven_n moderate_o heat_v or_o else_o bury_v they_o in_o a_o dunghill_n and_o so_o hatch_v the_o young_a one_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hanyang_n may_v be_v catch_v great_a store_n of_o goose_n there_o be_v several_a other_o sort_n of_o fowl_n and_o bird_n in_o other_o province_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o make_v mention_n in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o description_n of_o china_n of_o fish_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n the_o pool_n and_o river_n do_v so_o abound_v with_o fish_n that_o for_o the_o value_n of_o a_o penny_n you_o may_v buy_v ten_o pound_v weight_n thereof_o in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n be_v a_o great_a abundance_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o fish_n especial_o of_o salmon_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o
successor_n in_o your_o empire_n though_o there_o be_v many_o other_o better_a able_a to_o advise_v in_o a_o point_n of_o so_o high_a a_o nature_n yet_o i_o shall_v acquaint_v you_o with_o that_o which_o i_o suppose_v and_o hope_n may_v tend_v to_o your_o own_o and_o the_o empire_n good_n there_o be_v say_v he_o proceed_v a_o husbandman_n your_o subject_n and_o a_o bachelor_n look_v upon_o by_o all_o people_n for_o a_o very_a honest_a man_n who_o for_o his_o piety_n virtue_n and_o good_a disposition_n be_v so_o belove_v and_o respect_v among_o his_o neighbour_n that_o they_o will_v give_v or_o lend_v he_o their_o money_n land_n and_o house_n without_o ask_v and_o so_o great_a be_v their_o opinion_n of_o his_o prudence_n that_o upon_o all_o occasion_n they_o ask_v his_o advice_n and_o follow_v it_o his_o name_n be_v xunus_n who_o by_o his_o virtuous_a and_o exemplary_a life_n have_v reclaim_v many_o vicious_a and_o debauch_a person_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o be_v imitator_n of_o his_o goodness_n and_o sobriety_n although_o his_o misfortune_n be_v great_a in_o this_o that_o his_o father_n call_v cassus_fw-la be_v a_o fool_n his_o mother_n a_o pertinacious_a woman_n and_o full_a of_o tongue_n and_o his_o brother_n proud_a haughty_a and_o wilful_a the_o emperor_n yaus_n have_v hear_v this_o relation_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o will_v send_v to_o inquire_v concern_v the_o ability_n of_o this_o so_o unfortunatelyâ—extracted_v wise_a man_n which_o not_o long_o after_o he_o according_o do_v cause_v he_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o court_n at_o his_o first_o arrival_n he_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o west_n country_n only_o that_o thereby_o the_o emperor_n may_v be_v satisfy_v of_o his_o ability_n and_o honesty_n and_o according_a to_o the_o character_n give_v of_o he_o herein_o xunus_n so_o well_o behave_v himself_o that_o every_o body_n but_o especial_o yaus_n do_v with_o admiration_n reverence_v he_o and_o find_v he_o every_o way_n extraordinary_o qualify_v the_o emperor_n soon_o after_o take_v he_o to_o his_o assistance_n and_o cast_v the_o care_n of_o the_o whole_a government_n upon_o his_o shoulder_n in_o which_o high_a estimation_n and_o grandeur_n he_o continue_v for_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o eight_o year_n that_o the_o noble_a prince_n yaus_n live_v but_o at_o last_o yaus_n be_v over-laden_a with_o year_n and_o ready_a to_o die_v in_o the_o year_n before_o christ_n birth_n 2257._o admonish_v xunus_n upon_o his_o deathbed_n to_o accept_v of_o the_o government_n in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n draw_v near_o to_o i_o and_o hear_v these_o my_o last_o word_n i_o have_v token_n enough_o of_o your_o virtue_n and_o honesty_n and_o that_o your_o word_n and_o deed_n be_v correspondent_a each_o to_o other_o therefore_o you_o must_v accept_v of_o the_o sceptre_n which_o be_v due_a to_o your_o virtue_n and_o service_n take_v care_n of_o the_o welfare_n and_o good_a of_o your_o subject_n as_o a_o father_n and_o remember_v that_o you_o must_v serve_v not_o enslave_v the_o people_n and_o so_o they_o will_v love_v and_o not_o fear_v you_o for_o this_o reason_n a_o king_n exceed_v all_o his_o subject_n because_o he_o alone_o be_v to_o take_v care_n and_o to_o watch_v over_o all_o the_o rest_n have_v thus_o say_v he_o yield_v up_o the_o ghost_n for_o who_o xunus_n mourn_v not_o as_o one_o friend_n for_o another_o but_o as_o a_o son_n for_o his_o father_n for_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n where_o son_n lament_v their_o parent_n death_n he_o leave_v the_o government_n whole_o to_o his_o council_n and_o continue_v three_o whole_a year_n at_o the_o grave_a of_o his_o prince_n without_o remove_v from_o it_o this_o solemnity_n of_o grief_n be_v past_a and_o xunus_n return_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o government_n he_o quick_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o prudence_n and_o clemency_n which_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v very_o much_o belove_v by_o his_o subject_n it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o 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place_n and_o to_o divide_v or_o cut_v great_a river_n into_o two_o or_o three_o and_o make_v inlet_n for_o they_o into_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o industry_n great_a store_n of_o ground_n be_v drain_v and_o recover_v from_o the_o water_n under_o which_o it_o have_v lie_v immerge_v ultra_fw-la memoriam_fw-la this_o great_a labour_n diligence_n and_o dexterity_n of_o yuus_n use_v in_o the_o accomplish_n this_o stupendous_a work_n so_o far_o prevail_v upon_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o make_v he_o his_o fellow_n and_o companion_n in_o the_o government_n pass_v by_o his_o own_o son_n so_o that_o they_o two_o without_o any_o ambitious_a emulation_n or_o envy_n to_o each_o other_o which_o be_v a_o very_a strange_a thing_n govern_v seventeen_o year_n with_o equal_a power_n and_o authority_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o time_n xunus_n happen_v to_o
fight_n furious_o assail_v the_o corean_o in_o their_o station_n so_o that_o there_o begin_v a_o bloody_a battle_n but_o both_o army_n be_v hardly_o engage_v before_o the_o valiant_a maovenlung_n come_v up_o with_o he_o and_o fall_v like_o lightning_n into_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o now_o find_v themselves_o beset_v before_o and_o behind_o with_o two_o such_o potent_a army_n and_o no_o other_o way_n for_o safety_n or_o escape_n than_o what_o their_o zable_n can_v cut_v out_o for_o they_o resolve_v not_o to_o part_v with_o their_o life_n at_o a_o cheap_a rate_n and_o spur_v on_o by_o despair_n they_o fight_v without_o any_o fear_n every_o one_o endeavour_v to_o exceed_v the_o other_o in_o valour_n and_o courage_n so_o that_o in_o the_o very_a write_n of_o the_o chinese_n they_o be_v extol_v say_v there_o be_v never_o the_o like_a battle_n fight_v between_o they_o but_o that_o which_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v admire_v be_v that_o of_o three_o so_o great_a army_n none_o 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country_n but_o neither_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o nor_o the_o love_n of_o his_o country_n be_v in_o any_o measure_n answerable_a to_o his_o thirst_n after_o riches_n unde_fw-la habeat_fw-la quaerat_fw-la nemo_fw-la sed_fw-la oportet_fw-la habere_fw-la of_o which_o avaricious_a temper_n of_o his_o the_o tartar_n have_v information_n and_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o fit_a instrument_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o their_o design_n they_o never_o leave_v send_v to_o he_o extraordinary_a present_n accompany_v with_o large_a promise_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a preferment_n with_o which_o bait_n be_v take_v he_o contract_a friendship_n with_o they_o promise_v to_o give_v they_o his_o assistance_n when_o it_o shall_v lie_v in_o his_o power_n and_o as_o the_o first_o proof_n of_o his_o friendship_n to_o they_o through_o the_o cunning_a instigation_n of_o the_o tartar_n he_o undertake_v private_o to_o murder_v the_o valiant_a and_o faithful_a commander_n maoâ—enlung_v of_o who_o the_o tartar_n stand_v in_o great_a fear_n and_o awe_n which_o he_o according_o effect_v with_o great_a secrecy_n by_o invite_v he_o to_o dinner_n and_o poison_v he_o with_o a_o cup_n of_o drink_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v give_v he_o at_o the_o table_n have_v thus_o clandestine_o accomplish_v this_o his_o monstrous_a undertake_n he_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o tartar_n upon_o most_o dishonourable_a and_o disadvantageous_a term_n for_o his_o prince_n who_o no_o soon_o read_v the_o same_o but_o he_o refuse_v to_o observe_v and_o ratify_v they_o yvenus_n conscious_a of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v and_o well_o see_v that_o upon_o the_o make_n good_a of_o this_o treaty_n of_o peace_n his_o honour_n and_o authority_n depend_v advise_v the_o tartar_n to_o force_v the_o emperor_n his_o natural_a â—ord_n to_o the_o observation_n thereof_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1630._o upon_o his_o promise_n not_o to_o oppose_v they_o in_o the_o least_o if_o they_o will_v make_v a_o invasion_n in_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n where_o he_o have_v no_o command_n this_o treacherous_a advice_n be_v no_o soon_o give_v than_o accept_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o the_o tartar_n doubt_v so_o little_a of_o the_o promise_n of_o yvenus_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o extraordinary_a covetousness_n that_o without_o take_v any_o further_a counsel_n they_o pour_v their_o force_n into_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n plunder_v all_o place_n where_o they_o come_v and_o lay_v the_o same_o afterward_o in_o ash_n and_o at_o last_o so_o be_v their_o courage_n or_o rather_o fury_n heighten_v that_o they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n at_o who_o approach_n it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o the_o confusion_n and_o amazement_n be_v great_a not_o only_o among_o the_o citizen_n but_o also_o among_o the_o rix-counsellor_n who_o in_o this_o dangerous_a vicissitude_n of_o affair_n earnest_o advise_v the_o emperor_n to_o leave_v the_o city_n and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o he_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n hearken_v to_o their_o counsel_n say_v that_o he_o will_v rather_o be_v cut_v in_o a_o thousand_o piece_n than_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v he_o flee_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o tartar_n wherefore_o both_o as_o a_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o careful_a prince_n he_o immediate_o give_v order_n to_o his_o commander_n not_o to_o suffer_v any_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o city_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v incite_v and_o stir_v up_o all_o the_o people_n to_o a_o courageous_a defence_n while_o this_o be_v do_v within_o the_o tartar_n without_o begin_v to_o storm_n the_o city_n but_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o great_a loss_n upon_o several_a attempt_n so_o that_o they_o conclude_v to_o continue_v the_o siege_n with_o more_o moderation_n and_o rather_o endeavour_v to_o take_v it_o by_o famine_n than_o hazard_v the_o weaken_n of_o their_o army_n by_o such_o fruitless_a and_o unsuccessful_a assault_n at_o length_n by_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n the_o emperor_n send_v for_o yvenus_n to_o come_v to_o his_o assistance_n and_o relief_n with_o the_o army_n under_o his_o command_n for_o as_o yet_o his_o treachery_n be_v not_o discover_v who_o upon_o the_o first_o intelligence_n to_o prevent_v the_o emperor_n from_o have_v any_o suspicion_n of_o he_o come_v with_o his_o army_n under_o the_o wall_n of_o peking_n but_o keep_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o that_o of_o the_o besieger_n neither_o show_v he_o any_o hostility_n against_o they_o but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o advise_v the_o emperor_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o term_n upon_o which_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o war_n have_v begin_v and_o this_o he_o strong_o labour_v to_o persuade_v he_o to_o not_o only_o to_o prevent_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o treason_n but_o that_o so_o he_o may_v
that_o be_v imminent_a over_o his_o head_n through_o these_o division_n endeavour_v by_o all_o the_o mean_n he_o can_v devise_v to_o reconcile_v these_o intestine_a jar_v thus_o unhappy_o rise_v among_o his_o subject_n and_o in_o order_n thereunto_o after_o several_a other_o probable_a experiment_n without_o any_o effect_n he_o cause_v the_o friend_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a guei_fw-mi to_o be_v punish_v in_o due_a form_n of_o law_n and_o severe_o punish_v as_o disturber_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n nay_o at_o last_o he_o be_v force_v to_o cause_n guei_n himself_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o several_a other_o his_o adherent_n which_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n after_o this_o manner_n according_a to_o a_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n to_o visit_v the_o tomb_n of_o their_o ancestor_n this_o guei_n under_o colour_n thereof_o be_v make_v choice_n of_o for_o the_o emperor_n proxy_n it_o be_v a_o employment_n always_o commit_v to_o the_o great_a person_n in_o the_o empire_n who_o not_o dream_v of_o any_o hurt_n intend_v against_o he_o begin_v his_o journey_n with_o a_o great_a train_n but_o he_o be_v hardly_o go_v a_o mile_n out_o of_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n but_o a_o messenger_n from_o the_o emperor_n overtake_v he_o who_o deliver_v he_o a_o golden_a box_n wherein_o be_v a_o silken_a cord_n with_o order_n to_o hang_v himself_o therewith_o which_o he_o ready_o embrace_v and_o present_o go_v and_o perform_v and_o thus_o to_o come_v to_o the_o period_n of_o life_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o chinese_n for_o a_o honourable_a death_n insomuch_o that_o none_o who_o have_v any_o respect_n for_o their_o family_n will_v reject_v or_o refuse_v this_o severe_a though_o inhuman_a order_n and_o command_n when_o send_v he_o but_o very_o little_a advantage_n do_v the_o emperor_n reap_v by_o the_o fall_n of_o this_o his_o so_o eminent_a favourite_n but_o rather_o create_v more_o trouble_n unto_o himself_o for_o his_o adherent_n hereupon_o begin_v to_o conspire_v with_o the_o rebellious_a robber_n and_o to_o swear_v revenge_n and_o these_o feud_n be_v spread_v into_o the_o army_n that_o be_v send_v to_o subdue_v those_o robber_n make_v such_o heartburning_n among_o the_o soldier_n that_o they_o return_v home_o still_o with_o great_a loss_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o emperor_n affair_n begin_v to_o fall_v daily_o into_o a_o condition_n of_o worse_a and_o worse_o for_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a guei_n do_v whatever_o they_o can_v to_o ruin_v the_o emperor_n and_o the_o party_n adhere_v to_o he_o when_o licungzus_n receive_v information_n of_o these_o division_n between_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o commander_n and_o governor_n he_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v now_o a_o convenient_a time_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n whereupon_o after_o he_o have_v well_o secure_v the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la he_o march_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n to_o the_o east_n and_o pass_v with_o little_a or_o no_o trouble_n over_o the_o yellow_a river_n be_v not_o defend_v by_o any_o for_o he_o may_v have_v be_v easy_o obstruct_v if_o not_o total_o prevent_v in_o that_o his_o passage_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n in_o regard_n this_o river_n in_o those_o part_n between_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o xansi_fw-la run_v with_o a_o very_a violent_a stream_n and_o current_n but_o there_o be_v no_o strength_n to_o hinder_v he_o he_o easy_o get_v over_o and_o at_o the_o first_o assault_n take_v the_o famous_a and_o great_a city_n of_o kiangcheu_fw-la which_o lie_v near_o the_o say_a river_n and_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o province_n the_o news_n hereof_o cause_v other_o place_n where_o he_o come_v not_o to_o withstand_v he_o only_o those_o of_o the_o city_n of_o thaiyven_v hold_v out_o several_a day_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o bravado_n but_o at_o last_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v they_o dear_o pay_v for_o their_o opposition_n for_o the_o commander_n be_v all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o a_o very_a heavy_a fine_a set_v upon_o the_o citizen_n that_o survive_v when_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n receive_v intelligence_n that_o these_o bold_a pillager_n be_v already_o get_v over_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la which_o be_v not_o very_o far_o from_o the_o imperial_a court_n of_o peking_n he_o immediate_o cause_v a_o very_a great_a army_n to_o be_v raise_v under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o general_n lius_o with_o order_n at_o least_o to_o stop_v the_o robber_n in_o their_o march_n if_o he_o can_v not_o total_o destroy_v they_o but_o this_o great_a army_n effect_v nothing_o for_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o they_o desert_v their_o commander_n and_o run_v over_o to_o they_o which_o so_o infinite_o afflict_v the_o general_n that_o he_o go_v away_o forthwith_o and_o hang_v himself_o the_o report_n of_o these_o disastrous_a action_n be_v spread_v immediate_o fill_v the_o whole_a city_n of_o peking_n with_o great_a consternation_n and_o amazement_n and_o withal_o make_v so_o deep_a a_o impression_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o conclude_v to_o leave_v the_o same_o and_o to_o depart_v with_o his_o family_n to_o nank_v but_o from_o this_o his_o determination_n he_o be_v earnest_o dissuade_v as_o well_o by_o such_o as_o be_v faithful_a as_o those_o that_o intend_a treachery_n towards_o he_o these_o last_o under_o colour_n of_o friendship_n though_o they_o be_v in_o heart_n traitor_n and_o enemy_n to_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n advise_v he_o to_o stay_v that_o so_o with_o the_o great_a ease_n and_o convenience_n before_o their_o conspiracy_n come_v to_o be_v detect_v they_o may_v deliver_v he_o up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o rebel_n but_o such_o as_o be_v indeed_o faithful_a advise_v his_o stay_n for_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o empire_n allege_v that_o his_o flight_n and_o the_o desert_v his_o imperial_a city_n will_v hazard_v the_o whole_a state_n by_o hearten_v the_o enemy_n and_o discourage_v his_o subject_n beside_o they_o conclude_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v the_o city_n against_o all_o attempt_n whatsoever_o of_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v well_o provide_v and_o fortify_v with_o victual_n and_o ammunition_n nay_o further_o that_o without_o all_o peradventure_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o all_o the_o other_o province_n will_v not_o forbear_v to_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n when_o they_o shall_v hear_v that_o the_o emperor_n be_v resolve_v not_o to_o leave_v the_o imperial_a city_n but_o to_o run_v the_o risk_a of_o his_o utmost_a fortune_n even_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o life_n in_o the_o same_o whereupon_o the_o emperor_n rest_v satisfy_v and_o resolve_v in_o person_n to_o stand_v by_o the_o city_n and_o defend_v the_o same_o to_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o his_o blood_n the_o usurper_n licungzus_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n no_o less_o quick_a in_o intention_n than_o nimble_a at_o action_n and_o well_o know_v that_o proverb_n virtus_n a_o dolus_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o host_n requirit_fw-la join_v policy_n and_o force_n together_o send_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o soldier_n habit_v in_o the_o same_o mode_n with_o those_o of_o china_n into_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o the_o better_a to_o prevent_v discovery_n he_o send_v they_o not_o all_o at_o one_o time_n but_o now_o and_o then_o one_o furnish_v some_o with_o money_n to_o drive_v a_o trade_n there_o order_v other_o to_o set_v up_o drinking-house_n or_o to_o take_v what_o other_o course_n of_o life_n they_o judge_v most_o free_a from_o suspicion_n till_o such_o time_n as_o he_o come_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n before_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n and_o then_o by_o set_v fire_n on_o the_o house_n or_o some_o other_o like_o misfortune_n they_o shall_v make_v some_o disturbance_n in_o the_o city_n the_o plot_n be_v not_o better_o lay_v than_o effect_v be_v carry_v with_o that_o privacy_n that_o nothing_o of_o it_o be_v ever_o discover_v by_o the_o chinese_n till_o it_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n but_o the_o ambitious_a fox_n not_o dare_v to_o trust_v only_o to_o this_o think_v upon_o some_o other_o mean_v fit_a to_o make_v sure_a of_o this_o his_o undertake_n and_o that_o which_o appear_v most_o feasible_a to_o he_o be_v by_o corrupt_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o council_n of_o war_n which_o he_o easy_o compass_v for_o they_o perceive_v the_o emperor_n affair_n to_o be_v in_o a_o decay_a condition_n be_v soon_o persuade_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o he_o whereby_o they_o oblige_v themselves_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n to_o he_o at_o such_o a_o time_n and_o hour_n and_o so_o faithful_a be_v they_o in_o infidelity_n that_o it_o be_v according_o perform_v by_o they_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n 1644._o when_o one_o of_o the_o
against_o he_o with_o so_o great_a a_o army_n and_o that_o himself_o be_v in_o no_o condition_n to_o oppose_v they_o relinquish_v the_o trust_n which_o he_o have_v thus_o long_o keep_v receive_v the_o new_a honour_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o tartar_n for_o lawful_a emperor_n of_o china_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v he_o who_o not_o long_o before_o for_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n to_o subdue_v the_o rebel_n now_o bring_v over_o to_o fight_v against_o his_o own_o countryman_n and_o with_o the_o tartar_n help_v conquer_v the_o empire_n and_o at_o last_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v quite_o vanquish_v the_o robber_n in_o xensi_fw-la in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n go_v and_o settle_v his_o court_n in_o the_o city_n of_o sigan_n and_o thus_o do_v the_o tartar_n prefer_v this_o lord_n to_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n who_o have_v so_o often_o fight_v against_o they_o with_o great_a success_n but_o trust_v he_o not_o with_o any_o military_a employment_n as_o well_o know_v what_o such_o a_o expert_a and_o valiant_a commander_n well_o guard_v with_o soldier_n who_o love_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o will_v purchase_v be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o case_n fortune_n shall_v afterward_o become_v froward_a and_o begin_v to_o frown_v upon_o they_o what_o become_v of_o licungzus_n be_v not_o certain_o know_v for_o his_o force_n be_v most_o of_o they_o kill_v upon_o the_o place_n by_o usanguejus_n and_o therefore_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o slaughter_n among_o the_o rest_n for_o he_o never_o be_v hear_v of_o after_o that_o battle_n the_o other_o tartar_n who_o be_v send_v towards_o xantung_n and_o peking_n soon_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o they_o meet_v with_o little_a or_o no_o resistance_n but_o yet_o the_o great_a stop_n that_o be_v after_o put_v to_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v the_o law_n they_o publish_v whereby_o the_o chineses_n be_v command_v to_o wear_v their_o hair_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n this_o do_v very_o much_o alienate_v their_o affection_n from_o the_o tartar_n for_o they_o of_o china_n take_v great_a pride_n in_o their_o hair_n and_o therefore_o do_v fight_v more_o valiant_o to_o defend_v that_o than_o for_o the_o safety_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o emperor_n insomuch_o that_o thousand_o who_o perhaps_o otherwise_o will_v have_v submit_v peaceable_o choose_v rather_o to_o lose_v their_o head_n than_o their_o tress_n nevertheless_o the_o tartar_n be_v so_o successful_a in_o their_o war_n that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o month_n they_o conquer_a four_z northern_a province_n viz._n peking_n xansi_fw-la xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_v but_o for_o the_o rest_n they_o use_v another_o mean_n which_o get_v they_o more_o than_o the_o sword_n and_o indeed_o be_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o policy_n for_o they_o make_v no_o manner_n of_o alteration_n in_o the_o government_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v but_o suffer_v the_o conduct_n and_o direction_n of_o all_o civil_a affair_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n to_o continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n wherein_o it_o be_v settle_v before_o and_o this_o one_o thing_n bring_v the_o tartar_n into_o such_o favour_n and_o esteem_v with_o the_o chinese_n that_o they_o ready_o submit_v themselves_o to_o their_o command_n only_o herein_o consist_v all_o the_o mark_n of_o their_o vassalage_n that_o the_o conqueror_n reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o martial_a affair_n nevertheless_o such_o chinese_n commander_n as_o they_o have_v find_v faithful_a be_v still_o employ_v by_o they_o and_o even_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n itself_o the_o same_o order_n as_o to_o the_o civil_a government_n be_v observe_v only_o one_o half_a of_o the_o judge_n be_v tartar_n and_o the_o other_o chineses_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o governor_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n where_o the_o first_o disturbance_n of_o the_o robber_n begin_v have_v information_n of_o the_o strait_o the_o emperor_n be_v reduce_v to_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o be_v already_o upon_o their_o march_n to_o his_o rescue_n but_o when_o they_o be_v certify_v of_o his_o death_n and_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n they_o immediate_o return_v with_o all_o their_o force_n and_o not_o long_o after_o understand_v that_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o usanguejus_n be_v call_v in_o as_o aid_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v become_v absolute_a master_n thereof_o the_o very_a thought_n of_o which_o much_o perplex_a their_o spirit_n and_o this_o spread_v likewise_o a_o great_a consternation_n among_o all_o the_o people_n even_o as_o far_o as_o nank_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o the_o same_o name_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o know_v what_o to_o advise_v or_o do_v but_o at_o last_o the_o general_n take_v courage_n and_o set_v up_o after_o a_o long_a serious_a consultation_n one_o of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n be_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o chinese_n crown_n as_o grandchild_n of_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n and_o cousin_n of_o the_o last_o emperor_n zungchinius_n who_o heretofore_o keep_v his_o court_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n but_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o robber_n remove_v to_o nank_v where_o upon_o his_o arrival_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o great_a pomp_n and_o state_n set_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o proclaim_v he_o emperor_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hunquang_n in_o hope_n to_o effect_v great_a matter_n by_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v in_o his_o throne_n but_o he_o send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o tartar_n to_o demand_v a_o peace_n upon_o term_n of_o leave_v all_o the_o northern_a province_n to_o they_o which_o they_o have_v take_v but_o the_o tartar_n well_o understanding_n that_o the_o scope_n of_o this_o embassy_n be_v only_o intend_v to_o gain_v time_n till_o the_o chineses_n can_v recruit_v themselves_o with_o man_n and_o money_n reject_v his_o offer_n and_o return_v he_o answer_v that_o they_o will_v either_o have_v the_o whole_a country_n or_o no_o part_n of_o it_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n till_o they_o have_v accomplish_v what_o they_o have_v undertake_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n whilst_o the_o ambassador_n be_v upon_o his_o return_n home_o and_o that_o both_o party_n prepare_v for_o the_o war_n there_o appear_v in_o nank_v a_o youth_n who_o give_v himself_o out_o for_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n and_o endeavour_v to_o confirm_v it_o with_o some_o peculiar_a remark_n of_o truth_n and_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o make_v a_o great_a addition_n to_o the_o credit_n of_o this_o report_n be_v that_o several_a gelubden_n and_o other_o who_o have_v be_v conversant_a in_o the_o emperor_n court_n pretend_v to_o know_v he_o but_o hunquang_n who_o have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o government_n and_o in_o some_o measure_n settle_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n refuse_v to_o own_o he_o for_o the_o lawful_a son_n of_o zungchinius_n but_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v apprehend_v as_o a_o impostor_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o in_o this_o cruel_a resolution_n he_o persist_v notwithstanding_o that_o all_o the_o commander_n and_o governor_n oppose_v he_o and_o extreme_o hate_v and_o malign_v he_o for_o it_o for_o they_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o say_v of_o the_o youth_n this_o business_n occasion_v so_o much_o and_o so_o long_a trouble_n among_o the_o chinese_n that_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o interim_n take_v the_o opportunity_n to_o subject_v the_o province_n of_o nank_v wherein_o they_o find_v little_a or_o no_o opposition_n in_o regard_n the_o chinese_n commander_n be_v divide_v among_o themselves_o to_o that_o height_n of_o malice_n that_o some_o refuse_v to_o hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o tartar_n on_o purpose_n to_o work_v a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o new_a emperor_n whereupon_o they_o come_v immediate_o to_o hoaigan_n the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o same_o province_n and_o without_o make_v any_o stop_n or_o delay_n they_o take_v in_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o ferry_v over_o the_o same_o in_o boaâ—s_n though_o the_o other_o side_n thereof_o be_v well_o line_v with_o chinese_n soldier_n who_o no_o soon_o perceive_v the_o tartar_n in_o earnest_a to_o put_v themselves_o aboard_o for_o passage_n but_o they_o leave_v their_o station_n and_o flee_v like_o so_o many_o sheep_n pursue_v by_o wolf_n the_o tartar_n thus_o get_v over_o which_o may_v have_v be_v easy_o prevent_v if_o the_o guard_n appoint_v for_o defence_n of_o the_o bank_n have_v show_v but_o the_o least_o courage_n fall_v with_o their_o whole_a army_n into_o the_o say_a province_n and_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o
way_n of_o life_n 3._o then_o one_o of_o the_o divine_a person_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a trinity_n god_n call_v the_o messiah_n by_o contract_v and_o hide_v his_o majesty_n and_o accommodate_v himself_o to_o humane_a nature_n be_v make_v man_n wherefore_o for_o the_o declare_v these_o joyful_a tiding_n he_o select_v a_o angel_n and_o be_v bear_v of_o a_o virgin_n in_o judea_n a_o great_a star_n also_o proclaim_v this_o felicity_n so_o that_o king_n see_v its_o brightness_n come_v and_o offer_v present_n that_o the_o law_n and_o prophecy_n of_o the_o twenty_o four_o prophet_n may_v be_v fulfil_v he_o govern_v the_o world_n by_o one_o great_a law_n found_v the_o divine_a and_o spiritual_a law_n without_o any_o thunder_a word_n and_o confirm_v it_o with_o the_o seal_n of_o a_o true_a faith_n he_o pronounce_v the_o eight_o beatitude_n turn_v mundane_a thing_n into_o eternal_a open_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o three_o theological_a virtue_n and_o give_v life_n by_o destroy_a death_n he_o descend_v into_o hell_n in_o person_n and_o bring_v confusion_n to_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angel_n he_o waft_v good_a man_n to_o heaven_n in_o the_o ship_n of_o his_o piety_n and_o give_v salvation_n to_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o iust._n these_o thing_n finish_v about_o noon_n by_o his_o wonderful_a power_n he_o ascend_v into_o heaven_n leave_v twenty_o seven_o tome_n or_o volume_n of_o his_o doctrine_n to_o open_v a_o way_n for_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o world_n he_o institute_v baptism_n by_o water_n and_o the_o spirit_n for_o the_o wash_n away_o of_o sin_n and_o cleanse_v the_o world_n he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o cross_n that_o he_o may_v take_v in_o all_o without_o exception_n stir_v up_o all_o by_o the_o voice_n of_o charity_n command_v to_o worship_n towards_o the_o east_n that_o they_o may_v proceed_v in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o glorious_a life_n 4._o his_o minister_n or_o priest_n for_o outward_a ornament_n sake_n nourish_v their_o beard_n but_o shave_v the_o crown_n of_o their_o head_n that_o they_o may_v show_v they_o be_v inward_o incline_v to_o no_o evil_a they_o use_v no_o servant_n in_o prosperity_n and_o adversity_n they_o show_v wonderful_a humility_n make_v themselves_o equal_a to_o the_o mean_a they_o heap_v not_o up_o riches_n but_o make_v they_o all_o common_a they_o observe_v fast_n as_o well_o for_o mortification_n of_o their_o passion_n as_o observation_n of_o the_o divine_a precept_n they_o bear_v all_o awful_a reverence_n to_o their_o superior_n who_o be_v equal_o as_o themselves_o retire_v from_o the_o world_n seven_o time_n a_o day_n they_o pray_v as_o well_o for_o the_o live_n as_o the_o dead_a and_o one_o day_n in_o seven_o they_o keep_v holy_a to_o purge_v their_o soul_n from_o sin_n law_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o purity_n and_o because_o this_o infallible_a and_o wellgrounded_n law_n be_v so_o excellent_a it_o be_v a_o very_a difficult_a thing_n to_o appropriate_v to_o it_o a_o congruous_a name_n for_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o be_v to_o illuminate_v and_o find_v out_o all_o thing_n with_o the_o clear_a perspicacity_n whereupon_o as_o necessary_a it_o be_v entitle_v kim_n kiao_o that_o be_v the_o great_a and_o perspicuous_a law_n 5._o the_o law_n where_o there_o be_v no_o royal_a person_n be_v neither_o extend_v nor_o dilate_v yet_o person_n royal_a without_o the_o law_n be_v not_o worthy_a of_o esteem_n the_o law_n therefore_o and_o prince_n concord_v and_o as_o it_o be_v meet_v in_o one_o forthwith_o the_o world_n be_v illuminate_v in_o this_o famous_a time_n a_o king_n name_v tai_n cum_fw-la veu_n huamti_fw-la with_o singular_a prudence_n and_o sanctity_n govern_v china_n there_o come_v out_o of_o judea_n a_o man_n of_o very_o great_a virtue_n style_v olo_n puen_o who_o bring_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o cloud_n this_o true_a doctrine_n and_o drive_v by_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o help_n of_o hydrographical_a map_n have_v sustain_v many_o danger_n and_o much_o labour_n at_o length_n in_o the_o year_n chin_n quon_n jeu_fw-fr sie_n that_o be_v 636._o he_o arrive_v at_o the_o king_n palace_n when_o the_o king_n hear_v thereof_o he_o command_v the_o famous_a colao_n call_v fam_n kien_n lyam_n that_o he_o shall_v ride_v to_o meet_v this_o new_a guest_n towards_o the_o west_n that_o be_v towards_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n and_o shall_v bring_v he_o to_o the_o palace_n with_o all_o kindness_n and_o respect_n then_o he_o direct_v he_o to_o declare_v his_o doctrine_n there_o when_o at_o once_o he_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o law_n whereof_o be_v satisfy_v he_o serious_o command_v the_o same_o to_o be_v preach_v and_o publish_a with_o efficacy_n and_o reverence_n through_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 12_o cin_n quon_n 7_o which_o be_v 636._o he_o write_v back_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o tenor_n of_o the_o promulgation_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o true_a law_n have_v no_o determinate_a name_n nor_o have_v the_o saint_n any_o limit_a place_n where_o they_o remain_v they_o run_v to_o all_o part_n that_o they_o may_v instruct_v the_o world_n be_v intent_n with_o might_n and_o main_a to_o do_v good_a and_o succour_v the_o afflict_a people_n out_o of_o the_o far_o distant_a and_o remote_a kingdom_n of_o tancin_n or_o judea_n olo_n puen_n a_o man_n of_o most_o eminent_a virtue_n bring_v and_o present_v his_o doctrine_n and_o certain_a image_n to_o our_o princely_a palace_n who_o intention_n to_o instruct_v we_o we_o have_v examine_v to_o the_o bottom_n do_v find_v his_o doctrine_n most_o excellent_a without_o any_o exterior_a clamour_n and_o take_v its_o original_n from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n this_o doctrine_n consist_v not_o in_o multitude_n of_o word_n nor_o do_v it_o lie_v only_o in_o a_o superficial_a foundation_n for_o truth_n but_o bring_v profit_n and_o salvation_n to_o mankind_n wherefore_o it_o be_v meet_v that_o it_o be_v divulge_v through_o our_o whole_a empire_n he_o command_v also_o the_o mandorin_n call_v nim_n fam_n to_o build_v a_o large_a church_n and_o to_o officiate_v therein_o the_o author_n kim_n limb_o praise_n this_o king_n for_o enervate_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o monarchy_n of_o cheu_n olad_v in_o that_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o sect_n stai_n in_o or_o tansu_n he_o depart_v in_o a_o black_a chariot_n towards_o the_o west_n that_o be_v out_o of_o china_n but_o where_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n be_v make_v famous_a with_o tao_n the_o holy_a gospel_n be_v bring_v into_o china_n a_o little_a after_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o effigy_n of_o the_o same_o olo_n puen_n who_o as_o we_o say_v first_o preach_v here_o the_o gospel_n careful_o and_o exact_o to_o be_v paint_v and_o so_o to_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o wall_n this_o most_o excellent_a figure_n shine_v at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o his_o memory_n will_v always_o be_v refulgent_a in_o the_o world_n 6._o according_a to_o geographer_n who_o mention_v those_o western_a part_n geographer_n and_o by_o the_o historian_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o han_n and_o guei_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tancin_n that_o be_v judea_n on_o the_o south_n be_v bound_v by_o the_o red-sea_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o mountain_n of_o pearl_n on_o the_o west_n boco_fw-it das_fw-mi fullas_fw-la which_o what_o it_o be_v be_v hard_o to_o conjecture_v but_o i_o guess_v it_o to_o be_v carmel_n bound_v it_o last_o on_o the_o east_n it_o border_n on_o this_o place_n ciam_fw-la fam_fw-la and_o the_o dead_a water_n this_o land_n cast_v forth_o ash_n yet_o hot_a with_o fire_n perhaps_o he_o mean_v the_o asphaltick_a lake_n produce_v balsamum_n little_a gem_n and_o carbuncle_n by_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o mean_v egypt_n with_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o red-sea_n where_o the_o thing_n aforesaid_a be_v find_v there_o be_v neither_o thief_n nor_o murderer_n but_o the_o people_n live_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n they_o admit_v of_o no_o religion_n into_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o gospel_n nor_o do_v they_o confer_v any_o dignity_n but_o on_o person_n merit_v the_o same_o by_o virtue_n their_o building_n be_v very_o large_a in_o a_o word_n the_o kingdom_n be_v famous_a for_o poetry_n order_n and_o good_a manner_n 7._o docao_n or_o caozum_fw-la cum_fw-la the_o son_n of_o tai_n cum_fw-la come_v to_o the_o government_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 651._o our_o author_n kim_n lim_z speak_v thus_o of_o he_o cao_n vim_o otherwise_o caozum_fw-la a_o very_a great_a prince_n not_o at_o all_o degenerate_v from_o the_o virtue_n of_o his_o grandfather_n be_v please_v with_o honour_n to_o continue_v his_o good_a intent_n and_o also_o to_o improve_v whatever_o his_o father_n have_v begin_v he_o command_v church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o all_o province_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o enoble_v olo_n puen_v with_o the_o title_n of_o bishop_n of_o the_o great_a
law_n which_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n hereupon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v promulgate_v through_o all_o the_o ten_o province_n of_o china_n the_o kingdom_n enjoy_v a_o flourish_a peace_n all_o the_o city_n be_v fill_v with_o church_n and_o the_o people_n prosper_v under_o the_o evangelical_n felicity_n 8._o in_o this_o year_n call_v ximlie_o which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 699._o the_o bonzii_n follower_n of_o the_o pagod_n make_v use_n of_o their_o strength_n with_o a_o huge_a clamour_n aloud_o blaspheme_v our_o holy_a law_n in_o the_o place_n which_o be_v call_v tum_o cieu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o another_o year_n call_v sien_n tien_n which_o answer_v to_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 713._o certain_a private_a man_n in_o sieno_fw-la the_o ancient_a place_n of_o venvam_n the_o commentator_n will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v siganfu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v so_o audacious_a as_o to_o rail_v against_o our_o holy_a law_n with_o mock_v flout_n and_o opprobrious_a language_n 9_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a priest_n a_o bishop_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v by_o name_n john_n and_o another_o man_n of_o great_a virtue_n and_o eminency_n by_o name_n kie_fw-mi lie_n with_o other_o noble_n and_o person_n belong_v to_o they_o no_o less_o honour_v for_o their_o fame_n than_o respect_v for_o their_o contempt_n of_o worldly_a affair_n who_o begin_v again_o to_o revive_v and_o preach_v their_o most_o excellent_a gospel_n and_o to_o tie_v together_o those_o thread_n which_o by_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o devil_n have_v be_v break_v and_o the_o king_n hiven_fw-mi cum_fw-la chi_fw-mi tao_fw-mi who_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 719._o command_v five_o of_o his_o principal_a officer_n that_o they_o shall_v go_v in_o person_n into_o that_o happy_a house_n mean_v the_o church_n and_o erect_v altar_n then_o the_o pillar_n of_o the_o law_n which_o for_o a_o short_a time_n have_v be_v lay_v grovel_v begin_v anew_o to_o rise_v and_o flourish_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n tien_n pao_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 743._o king_n ota_n ciam_fw-la kuen_n give_v strict_a command_n to_o cuolie_n fie_o a_o eunuch_n in_o extraordinary_a favour_n and_o power_n with_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v carry_v the_o true_a effigy_n of_o the_o five_o king_n his_o predecessor_n and_o grandfather_n and_o place_v they_o in_o the_o church_n whither_o also_o he_o shall_v send_v a_o hundred_o measure_n of_o precious_a thing_n for_o celebrate_v the_o solemnity_n the_o author_n kim_n lim_z say_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o say_a king_n 10._o in_o the_o three_o year_n tien_n pao_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 745._o there_o be_v in_o judea_n other_o say_v india_n one_o kieho_n a_o priest_n who_o be_v conduct_v into_o china_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o star_n and_o look_v upon_o the_o sun_n this_o be_v a_o ceremony_n of_o those_o who_o be_v admit_v to_o speak_v with_o our_o emperor_n he_o be_v forthwith_o bring_v into_o his_o presence_n but_o the_o emperor_n command_v that_o the_o priest_n john_n and_o paul_n with_o other_o of_o that_o profession_n and_o the_o so_o eminent_o virtuous_a person_n kieho_n shall_v betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o palace_n he_o kim_n to_o worship_n and_o perform_v other_o holy_a act_n of_o devotion_n at_o this_o time_n his_o royal_a grant_n be_v keep_v in_o table_n in_o the_o church_n according_a to_o order_v rich_o adorn_v and_o glitter_a with_o red_a and_o blue_a and_o the_o empty_a space_n be_v fill_v with_o the_o royal_a plume_n ascend_v and_o reach_v even_o to_o the_o sun_n his_o favour_n and_o donation_n be_v compare_v to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o south_n and_o the_o abundance_n of_o his_o benefit_n equal_a to_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o east_n sea_n reason_n can_v but_o well_o like_o a_o thing_n so_o approve_v and_o worthy_a to_o be_v remember_v therefore_o the_o king_n sa_n cum_fw-la nen_fw-mi man_n or_o venus_n min_fw-fr who_o begin_v to_o reign_v in_o the_o year_n 757._o command_v church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o limb_o suu_fw-la seu_fw-la and_o five_o other_o city_n by_o a_o new_a proclamation_n this_o king_n be_v of_o a_o most_o acute_a ingenuity_n under_o who_o a_o gate_n of_o happiness_n be_v open_v to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o hereby_o all_o the_o royal_a affair_n of_o state_n be_v administer_v and_o prosper_v with_o applause_n rejoice_v and_o felicity_n 11._o the_o king_n tai_n cum_fw-la nen_fw-mi vu_z come_v to_o the_o throne_n in_o 764._o and_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o good_a time_n manage_v all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o any_o difficulty_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o christ_n birth_n every_o year_n he_o send_v certain_a excellent_a perfume_n in_o a_o thankful_a remembrance_n and_o assign_v princely_a provision_n of_o all_o kind_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o minister_n of_o that_o holy_a law_n sure_o the_o heaven_n give_v beauty_n and_o perfection_n to_o the_o world_n which_o therefore_o produce_v all_o thing_n with_o so_o liberal_a a_o hand_n this_o king_n imitate_v heaven_n and_o therefore_o know_v it_o be_v fit_a to_o nourish_v and_o preserve_v his_o own_o 12._o the_o king_n kien_n cium_o xim_o when_fw-mi vu_fw-fr in_o the_o year_n 781._o use_v eight_o way_n of_o reward_v the_o good_a and_o chastise_v the_o bad._n he_o set_v forth_o new_a order_n for_o restore_v and_o promote_a the_o gospel_n christ_n his_o government_n be_v full_a of_o excellency_n we_o pray_v to_o god_n for_o he_o not_o blush_v thereat_o he_o be_v eminent_a for_o virtue_n peaceable_n and_o learned_a he_o love_v his_o neighbour_n abound_v with_o charity_n to_o help_v all_o and_o be_v a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o all_o then_o live_v this_o be_v the_o true_a way_n and_o the_o scale_n of_o our_o holy_a law_n to_o cause_v that_o the_o wind_n and_o the_o rain_n return_n at_o their_o wont_a season_n that_o the_o world_n be_v quiet_a man_n well_o govern_v affair_n orderly_o dispose_v such_o as_o yet_o be_v on_o earth_n live_v well_o and_o those_o that_o be_v decease_v enjoy_v rest_n and_o peace_n to_o have_v these_o thing_n in_o readiness_n and_o be_v able_a to_o give_v a_o account_n thereof_o proceed_v real_o from_o our_o holy_a faith_n and_o be_v effect_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o power_n of_o our_o most_o sacred_a gospel_n 13._o the_o king_n give_v to_o the_o priest_n call_v usa_fw-la and_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a preacher_n of_o the_o law_n these_o title_n kin_n ju_o quam_fw-la lo_o tai_fw-la fu_fw-la be_v a_o office_n in_o the_o court_n and_o sou_n fum_o cie_n tu_fw-la fu_fw-la lei_fw-it be_v a_o office_n without_o the_o court_n and_o xi_o tien_n thum_z kien_n another_o office_n also_o but_o the_o explication_n thereof_o we_o have_v not_o find_v in_o the_o exemplar_n he_o give_v also_o to_o the_o say_a priest_n and_o preacher_n of_o the_o great_a law_n a_o vestment_n of_o blue_a colour_n which_o the_o italian_n call_v di_o colour_n pavonazo_fw-it this_o priest_n be_v incline_v to_o peace_n rejoice_v to_o do_v good_a to_o other_o with_o all_o his_o endeavour_n strive_v to_o do_v act_n of_o charity_n he_o come_v into_o china_n from_o a_o remote_a country_n and_o place_n call_v va_o xi_o ciu_o chim_z be_v heathenish_a which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o the_o far_o distant_a india_n he_o perfect_o teach_v several_a science_n and_o his_o act_n be_v famous_a through_o china_n for_o above_o three_o generation_n at_o the_o beginning_n he_o wait_v upon_o the_o king_n in_o his_o court_n and_o afterward_o his_o name_n be_v enter_v in_o the_o king_n record_n or_o chronicle_n 14._o the_o governor_n fuen_n yam_n call_v also_o co_z cu_z y_z and_o ennoble_v with_o the_o title_n of_o chum_n xulim_n at_o first_o only_o mind_v his_o military_a affair_n in_o the_o part_n of_o sofam_n but_o the_o king_n so_o cum_fw-la command_v ay_o sum_o or_o y_z sum_z that_o he_o shall_v promote_v co_n cuy_v with_o more_o favour_n than_o the_o rest_n it_o seem_v the_o king_n command_v ay_o sum_o to_o make_v he_o a_o councillor_n for_o although_o his_o captain_n love_v he_o extraordinary_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o like_o his_o ordinary_a method_n of_o proceed_v for_o as_o the_o chineses_n speak_v a_o army_n be_v the_o tooth_n and_o nail_n the_o eye_n and_o ear_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o know_v how_o to_o distribute_v his_o revenue_n and_o not_o hoard_v they_o up_o at_o home_n he_o offer_v to_o the_o church_n a_o precious_a thing_n call_v poli_fw-fr make_v of_o glass_n as_o it_o seem_v the_o people_n of_o this_o place_n name_v it_o cim_o reguen_n other_o lintiguen_o beside_o he_o bestow_v tapestry_n of_o these_o part_n interweave_v with_o gold_n call_v cie_n ki_v repair_v the_o church_n in_o such_o manner_n
people_n do_v adore_v he_o with_o a_o perpetual_a veneration_n and_o they_o report_v that_o these_o ceremony_n and_o worship_n have_v their_o original_n from_o no_o other_o person_n than_o that_o prince_n which_o author_n usual_o term_v presbyter_n john_n who_o they_o be_v certain_o persuade_v to_o have_v rule_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n which_o be_v now_o include_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lassa_n for_o as_o former_o they_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n from_o all_o part_n of_o tartary_n unto_o he_o as_o unto_o a_o oracle_n so_o at_o this_o very_a time_n they_o cease_v not_o from_o all_o part_n to_o flock_n unto_o this_o ridiculous_a god_n and_o father_n the_o head_n of_o the_o lamae_n to_o obtain_v his_o benediction_n so_o that_o anno_fw-la 1629._o that_o great_a tartarian_a monarch_n of_o the_o chinese_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o empire_n of_o china_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v by_o his_o ancestor_n be_v solicit_v by_o 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persian_n call_v usbec_n the_o beginning_n of_o great_a cathay_n and_o the_o city_n belech_n seat_v in_o it_o be_v clear_a from_o the_o arabian_a geographer_n part_v 8._o climate_n 4._o line_n 34._o where_o treat_v concern_v the_o turchestians_n a_o peculiar_a province_n of_o the_o corafini_fw-la he_o place_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o city_n belech_n not_o far_o from_o samarcande_v the_o regal_a court_n of_o great_a tamburlaine_n former_o a_o most_o famous_a city_n his_o word_n be_v these_o as_o they_o be_v translate_v by_o i_o out_o of_o the_o arabic_a now_o this_o be_v the_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o four_o climate_n and_o contain_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o region_n of_o corasina_n from_o karman_n even_o to_o kasaralkamat_fw-la fifteen_o miles_n hence_o to_o samarcande_v six_o mile_n and_o it_o be_v the_o road_n of_o those_o that_o pass_v from_o samarcande_v unto_o the_o city_n of_o belech_n whence_o it_o be_v plain_o manifest_a that_o jidbuzad_a vicar_n of_o the_o bishop_n term_v 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cathay_n but_o also_o it_o be_v most_o apparent_o prove_v out_o of_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n for_o he_o say_v that_o the_o most_o vast_a city_n of_o cambalu_n or_o as_o the_o true_a pronunciation_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v it_o cambalek_n be_v the_o regal_a seat_n of_o the_o great_a cham._n the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n say_v that_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o modern_a imperial_a city_n of_o china_n which_o they_o call_v pequin_n or_o pekin_n and_o that_o the_o vastness_n of_o the_o wall_n make_v in_o a_o quadrangular_a order_n and_o the_o incredible_a bigness_n of_o the_o city_n do_v more_o than_o sufficient_o demonstrate_v the_o same_o now_o marcus_n paulus_n write_v that_o the_o city_n of_o cambalu_n situate_v near_o the_o great_a river_n be_v ancient_o very_o splendid_a and_o regal_a for_o cambalu_n signify_v the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o great_a cham_n remove_v this_o city_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n for_o he_o
in_o the_o same_o quote_v place_n of_o antonius_n unto_o st._n lewis_n king_n of_o france_n who_o be_v also_o at_o the_o same_o time_n intent_n on_o the_o war_n undertake_v against_o the_o mahometan_n in_o the_o island_n of_o cyprus_n in_o which_o epistle_n he_o ardent_o exhort_v he_o to_o accomplish_v the_o same_o enterprise_n together_o with_o he_o and_o because_o it_o be_v worthy_a of_o consideration_n i_o think_v it_o requisite_a here_o to_o insert_v it_o this_o be_v the_o exemplar_n or_o transcript_n of_o the_o letter_n which_o ercaltay_v prince_n of_o the_o tartar_n send_v unto_o king_n lewis_n and_o by_o his_o command_n translate_v into_o latin_a word_n for_o word_n the_o word_n of_o ercaltay_n france_n send_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o high_a god_n from_o the_o king_n of_o the_o land_n of_o cham_n unto_o the_o great_a king_n the_o strenuous_a or_o victorious_a conqueror_n of_o many_o province_n the_o sword_n of_o the_o world_n the_o victory_n of_o christianity_n the_o 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king_n of_o france_n in_o cyprus_n from_o ercaltay_n prince_n of_o the_o tartar_n unto_o which_o other_o letter_n be_v sufficient_o consonant_a which_o a_o little_a before_o be_v present_v unto_o the_o same_o king_n from_o the_o king_n of_o cyprus_n and_o the_o count_n of_o joppa_n a_o transcript_n of_o which_o also_o together_o with_o the_o transcript_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a letter_n of_o ercaltay_n be_v send_v by_o the_o venerable_a legate_n unto_o pope_n innocent_a the_o four_o this_o i_o have_v transcribe_v our_o of_o antonius_n also_o st._n lewis_n send_v unto_o the_o forementioned_a ercaltay_n cham._n and_o to_o the_o great_a cham_n ambassador_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n dominick_n with_o rich_a gift_n or_o present_n one_o whereof_o be_v that_o which_o they_o call_v a_o baldachin_n a_o most_o magnificent_a present_n in_o which_o the_o whole_a life_n of_o christ_n be_v behold_v interweave_v in_o tapestry-work_n by_o a_o wonderful_a art_n together_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o cross_n but_o concern_v this_o see_v more_o at_o large_a st._n antonius_n in_o the_o forecited_n place_n as_o also_o vincentius_n bishop_n of_o bellay_n in_o his_o speculum_fw-la historicum_fw-la or_o historical_a looking-glass_n all_o which_o happen_v about_o the_o year_n 1256._o and_o be_v consonant_a to_o what_o we_o a_o little_a before_o allege_v out_o of_o paulus_n venetus_n and_o haython_n st._n antonius_n assert_v in_o the_o place_n quote_v that_o some_o tartar_n come_v unto_o the_o council_n hold_v under_o innocent_a the_o four_o at_o length_n anno_fw-la 1300._o as_o vadingus_fw-la relate_v in_o the_o life_n of_o odiricus_fw-la many_o religious_a person_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n francis_n be_v send_v unto_o the_o great_a cham_n into_o the_o great_a cathay_n and_o tartary_n and_o remain_v in_o the_o city_n of_o cambalu_n and_o nanchin_n which_o they_o call_v the_o city_n of_o heaven_n as_o also_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tebeth_n convert_v many_o of_o the_o infidel_n and_o pagan_n unto_o the_o faith_n of_o christ._n this_o st._n odiricus_fw-la abovementioned_a be_v a_o person_n of_o the_o same_o order_n who_o be_v inflame_v with_o a_o zeal_n of_o gain_v all_o the_o people_n of_o those_o kingdom_n unto_o christ_n be_v report_v to_o have_v travel_v thither_o as_o be_v show_v at_o large_a by_o the_o reverend_a father_n bollandus_n and_o hoenschenius_fw-la in_o the_o splendid_a work_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o saint_n unto_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n where_o in_o the_o first_o tome_n on_o the_o fifteen_o day_n of_o january_n they_o at_o large_a demonstrate_v the_o same_o in_o their_o learned_a commentary_n and_o therefore_o by_o this_o occasion_n the_o gospel_n of_o christ_n be_v spread_v throughout_o all_o tartary_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cathay_n which_o be_v china_n be_v in_o every_o place_n much_o augment_v but_o as_o we_o have_v often_o say_v before_o what_o through_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o cultivator_n of_o the_o vineyard_n of_o christ_n or_o by_o the_o various_a successor_n of_o the_o empire_n very_o little_o addict_v unto_o the_o christian_a faith_n or_o from_o some_o other_o cause_n the_o tartarian_a church_n reduce_v unto_o its_o chaos_n partly_o adhere_v unto_o the_o superstition_n of_o the_o gentile_n party_o unto_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n or_o else_o to_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o nestorian_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1300._o undertake_v a_o expedition_n or_o voyage_n from_o chaldea_n into_o tartary_n to_o ysow_n their_o tare_n infect_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o christian_n there_o yet_o remainine_v with_o the_o venom_n of_o their_o impious_a opinion_n and_o also_o teach_v they_o who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o write_v before_o the_o use_n of_o the_o chaldean_a character_n which_o the_o tartar_n use_v unto_o this_o day_n but_o how_o the_o tartar_n become_v mahumetan_n read_v in_o mathias_n micheu_fw-la in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o the_o asiatic_a tartary_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o in_o brief_a i_o esteem_v requisite_a to_o acquaint_v the_o reader_n with_o concern_v the_o change_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o china_n tartary_n and_o the_o other_o region_n of_o india_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o last_o introduction_n of_o christianity_n into_o china_n the_o church_n of_o christ_n continue_v thus_o from_o anno_fw-la 636._o in_o which_o the_o syro-chinesian_a monument_n be_v erect_v in_o china_n china_n and_o make_v great_a progress_n behold_v the_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o wicked_a man_n throw_v down_o at_o one_o shock_n or_o storm_n whatsoever_o the_o church_n of_o god_n have_v perfect_v in_o many_o year_n the_o preacher_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n out_o of_o the_o hatred_n and_o envy_n of_o the_o bonzii_n be_v some_o put_v to_o death_n and_o the_o rest_n banish_v whence_o the_o faithful_a at_o that_o time_n persevere_v in_o the_o constancy_n of_o the_o faith_n receive_v even_o unto_o the_o death_n but_o their_o posterity_n in_o process_n of_o time_n
body_n not_o to_o the_o riches_n or_o quality_n of_o those_o they_o marry_v neither_o do_v the_o noble_a personage_n aspire_v unto_o such_o marriage_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o queen_n and_o empress_n have_v little_a command_n and_o be_v confine_v in_o their_o palace_n be_v for_o ever_o deprive_v the_o of_o sight_n of_o their_o relation_n and_o also_o because_o in_o the_o election_n that_o be_v make_v by_o the_o magistrate_n who_o look_v after_o the_o concernment_n of_o marriage_n very_o few_o of_o a_o innumerable_a company_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o royal_a bed_n the_o emperor_n have_v one_o primary_n wife_n beside_o which_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n marry_v nine_o other_o somewhat_o inferior_a and_o last_o thirty_o six_o other_o all_o which_o enjoy_v the_o conjugal_a title_n unto_o these_o be_v add_v a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o concubine_n which_o be_v neither_o term_a queen_n empress_n or_o wife_n reserve_v for_o collateral_a pleasure_n 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trail_v at_o their_o foot_n but_o yet_o so_o that_o what_o they_o esteem_v their_o chief_a beauty_n be_v not_o obscure_v and_o to_o pass_v away_o their_o time_n they_o sport_n with_o little_a dog_n bird_n and_o such_o delight_n but_o that_o their_o habit_n may_v be_v the_o better_o understand_v the_o attire_n of_o the_o court-lady_n be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o annex_v figure_n bring_v from_o china_n by_o some_o of_o our_o society_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o mode_n that_o our_o father_n be_v wont_a to_o proceed_v in_o in_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o chinese_n if_o ever_o any_o monarchy_n in_o the_o world_n be_v constitute_v according_a to_o political_a principle_n and_o the_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n i_o dare_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v it_o be_v that_o of_o chineses_n for_o in_o it_o i_o find_v all_o thing_n dispose_v in_o so_o great_a order_n that_o whereas_o all_o in_o a_o manner_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o pleasure_n and_o command_v of_o the_o learned_a so_o almost_o nothing_o be_v transact_v in_o the_o whole_a empire_n which_o have_v not_o a_o dependence_n on_o they_o neither_o be_v any_o one_o advance_v to_o any_o dignity_n before_o he_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v in_o their_o learning_n and_o art_n and_o by_o a_o rigid_a examination_n of_o the_o learned_a tribunal_n have_v first_o be_v approve_v and_o no_o person_n can_v obtain_v any_o office_n of_o great_a port_n and_o honour_n unless_o he_o be_v find_v to_o be_v eminent_a in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o science_n and_o the_o principle_n and_o intrigue_n of_o policy_n and_o these_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o empire_n who_o they_o vulgar_o term_v mandorin_n governor_n of_o city_n or_o vice-roys_n of_o province_n who_o be_v distribute_v in_o such_o order_n that_o nothing_o happen_v throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n which_o the_o emperor_n be_v not_o make_v acquaint_v with_o and_o see_v the_o dictate_v of_o the_o emperor_n have_v the_o oligation_n of_o a_o law_n among_o his_o people_n there_o be_v no_o person_n but_o do_v forthwith_o put_v in_o execution_n his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o privation_n of_o his_o office_n and_o dignity_n than_o which_o nothing_o be_v more_o fear_v by_o they_o so_o that_o the_o least_o concernment_n fall_v not_o out_o in_o so_o vast_a a_o empire_n that_o have_v relation_n either_o to_o the_o machination_n or_o plot_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n or_o the_o fidelity_n and_o care_n or_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o mandorin_n in_o their_o charge_n or_o last_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o grievance_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v not_o first_o make_v know_v by_o these_o sort_n of_o mandorin_n unto_o the_o colai_n and_o by_o they_o immediate_o the_o supreme_a monarch_n have_v intelligence_n whence_o every_o one_o discharge_v his_o place_n with_o incredible_a care_n and_o solicitude_n without_o any_o respect_n have_v either_o to_o friend_n or_o kindred_n now_o see_v that_o among_o all_o their_o other_o 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