artery_n unless_o the_o artery_n they_o accompany_v discharge_v their_o blood_n into_o the_o sinuss_n which_o as_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v show_v they_o plain_o do_v not_o for_o otherwise_o see_v they_o both_o grow_v capillary_a in_o their_o ascent_n from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o cranium_fw-la they_o must_v necessary_o be_v both_o adductory_n vessel_n than_o which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o circulation_n there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a a_o absurdity_n wepfer_n not_o know_v of_o these_o vein_n be_v force_v to_o think_v and_o consequent_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o artery_n leave_v the_o dura_n mater_n in_o their_o extremity_n and_o terminate_v in_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la and_o so_o have_v their_o blood_n reduce_v by_o the_o vein_n there_o but_o this_o be_v evident_o not_o so_o to_o the_o eye_n of_o any_o who_o heedful_o separate_v this_o membrane_n from_o the_o other_o before_o therefore_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n belong_v to_o the_o brain_n itself_o which_o by_o the_o exactness_n of_o method_n i_o ought_v to_o do_v i_o hope_v it_o may_v be_v pardonable_a if_o i_o make_v a_o short_a enquiry_n after_o the_o unaccustomed_a distribution_n of_o blood-vessel_n nature_n have_v furnish_v the_o brain_n in_o general_n with_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o its_o procedure_n therein_o the_o truth_n then_o concern_v this_o affair_n be_v that_o contrary_a to_o what_o have_v hitherto_o be_v observe_v the_o blood-vessel_n belong_v to_o this_o part_n in_o general_n as_o have_v already_o be_v observe_v be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o belong_v to_o the_o brain_n itself_o the_o other_o to_o its_o outmost_a integument_n now_o as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o vein_n enter_v not_o the_o brain_n nor_o run_v concomitant_o like_v as_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n with_o the_o artery_n the_o carotid_v enter_v at_o the_o four_o hole_n in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n and_o the_o internal_a jugular_a at_o the_o eight_o the_o vertebral_n artery_n at_o the_o last_o and_o large_a hole_n of_o the_o skull_n and_o the_o vertebral_n vein_n at_o the_o nine_o which_o vieussenius_fw-la mistaken_o call_v the_o ten_o through_o which_o it_o run_v into_o the_o internal_a jugular_a 3._o vieâ—ssen_n p._n 163._o par_fw-fr 3._o at_o that_o vein_n entrance_n into_o the_o round_a hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o skull_n under_o the_o styliform_a process_n where_o the_o sinus_n lateralis_fw-la meet_v it_o where_o after_o have_v advance_v into_o certain_a venous_a production_n call_v sinus_n they_o descend_v from_o thence_o in_o large_a trunk_n grow_v capillary_n all-along_a in_o their_o passage_n till_o they_o meet_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o be_v indeed_o no_o other_o than_o mere_a branch_n of_o the_o sinus_n and_o consequent_o i_o look_v upon_o the_o sinus_n themselves_o no_o other_o than_o large_a vein_n the_o common_a reason_n all_o modern_a author_n give_v for_o this_o different_a distribution_n of_o blood-vessel_n belong_v to_o the_o brain_n from_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v that_o it_o may_v receive_v a_o equal_a warmth_n at_o the_o top_n as_o at_o the_o bottom_n as_o be_v thereby_o very_o much_o assist_v in_o the_o production_n of_o animal_n spirit_n in_o a_o equal_a proportion_n all_o over_o and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o may_v very_o well_o be_v grant_v but_o that_o nature_n have_v yet_o another_o provident_a intention_n will_v be_v as_o evident_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o if_o the_o vein_n have_v ascend_v with_o the_o artery_n through_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cranium_fw-la upon_o all_o great_a ebulition_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n will_v in_o that_o stricture_n of_o the_o vessel_n make_v by_o the_o bone_n of_o necessity_n hinder_v the_o freedom_n of_o its_o return_n by_o the_o vein_n and_o consequent_o occasion_v a_o stagnation_n of_o blood_n through_o the_o whole_a brain_n to_o the_o utter_a subversion_n of_o all_o its_o faculty_n nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a than_o that_o upon_o any_o considerable_a abatement_n of_o circulation_n there_o present_o happen_v by_o way_n of_o restagnation_n a_o secession_n of_o the_o watery_a and_o thin_a from_o the_o more_o gross_a and_o red_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o other_o way_n of_o the_o vein_n enter_v the_o brain_n viz._n those_o appertain_v to_o its_o outward_a integument_n one_o at_o the_o six_o hole_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o cranium_fw-la the_o other_o at_o the_o eight_o as_o aforesaid_a be_v their_o ascent_n with_o the_o artery_n after_o a_o quite_o different_a manner_n from_o the_o former_a even_o to_o their_o capillary_a extremity_n a_o manifest_a indication_n that_o they_o serve_v for_o the_o reduction_n of_o so_o much_o blood_n from_o the_o dura_n mater_n as_o the_o aforesaid_a sort_n of_o vessel_n the_o artery_n have_v bring_v thither_o and_o although_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o smallness_n nature_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v be_v so_o solicitous_a in_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n suppose_v to_o have_v follow_v upon_o the_o artery_n enter_v the_o same_o hole_n with_o the_o vein_n take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o precede_a case_n where_o they_o be_v very_o large_a and_o consequent_o the_o effect_n may_v prove_v much_o more_o injurious_a yet_o nature_n have_v not_o be_v want_v in_o provide_v a_o remedy_n against_o it_o as_o will_v plain_o appear_v in_o the_o follow_a page_n from_o this_o manner_n of_o their_o enter_v the_o brain_n at_o the_o same_o inlet_n of_o the_o skull_n with_o the_o artery_n may_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v be_v very_o rational_o account_v for_o that_o violent_a troublesome_a noise_n which_o many_o in_o distemper_n arise_v from_o the_o turgescency_n of_o the_o blood_n cause_v a_o preternatural_a beat_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v so_o much_o complain_v of_o a_o symptom_n happen_v from_o the_o stricture_n before_o mention_v which_o the_o unyield_a circumference_n of_o the_o bone_n occasion_n upon_o the_o different_a blood-vessel_n enter_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o foramen_fw-la to_o which_o effect_n also_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la through_o which_o the_o hear_a nerve_n do_v pass_v to_o this_o hole_n which_o be_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wedglike_a bone_n that_o join_v to_o or_o be_v conterminous_a with_o it_o do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v to_o the_o same_o cause_n in_o some_o measure_n doubtless_o may_v be_v ascribe_v the_o frequent_a headach_n happen_v in_o fever_n the_o artery_n then_o so_o swell_v and_o compress_v the_o vein_n against_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o bone_n that_o the_o blood_n can_v be_v return_v back_o through_o it_o in_o a_o due_a proportion_n and_o consequent_o by_o its_o stagnation_n the_o membrane_n become_v inflame_v and_o painful_a so_o that_o conformable_a to_o what_o have_v already_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o concern_v the_o wise_a contrivance_n of_o nature_n in_o order_v the_o different_a distribution_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n so_o as_o to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v accrue_v to_o the_o brain_n by_o compression_n of_o the_o reductory_n vessel_n occasion_v through_o their_o entrance_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o hole_n with_o the_o artery_n it_o seem_v very_o much_o worth_a our_o observe_n that_o beside_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n which_o enter_v the_o cranium_fw-la together_o with_o the_o artery_n as_o have_v before_o be_v mention_v there_o be_v also_o several_a other_o belong_v to_o this_o membrane_n have_v their_o rise_n at_o and_o their_o descent_n after_o a_o very_a remarkable_a manner_n from_o a_o vein_n hereafter_o to_o be_v describe_v on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o figure_n etc._n fig_n 4._o dd_n nn_n etc._n etc._n and_o consequent_o must_v grow_v capillary_n in_o their_o descent_n down_o from_o it_o after_o a_o quite_o contrary_a manner_n to_o the_o other_o and_o these_o do_v visible_o inosculate_v with_o some_o of_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a capillary_a artery_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o those_o large_a vein_n belong_v to_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la do_v with_o the_o artery_n belong_v to_o the_o brain_n and_o it_o by_o which_o mean_v it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o that_o blood_n bring_v up_o by_o the_o meninx_n artery_n be_v carry_v back_o by_o these_o vein_n to_o the_o end_n that_o especial_o in_o all_o preternatural_a swell_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o inconvenience_n of_o compression_n and_o all_o its_o ill_a consequence_n happen_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o overfulness_n of_o these_o vessel_n may_v be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n avoid_v chap._n iu._n of_o the_o vein_n belong_v to_o the_o brain_n itself_o after_o this_o short_a digression_n by_o order_n of_o method_n the_o blood-vessel_n belong_v proper_o to_o the_o brain_n itself_o fall_v under_o consideration_n the_o curious_a
disperse_v through_o 2._o board_n p._n 196._o par_fw-fr 2._o it_o so_o forcible_a as_o to_o create_v a_o sensible_a systole_n and_o diastole_n in_o its_o outward_a cover_n it_o be_v worth_a note_v that_o while_o the_o blood-vessel_n be_v all_o full_a so_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o dura_n mater_n upon_o its_o full_a stretch_n the_o pulsation_n be_v not_o vi_o sible_a at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o very_o faint_o but_o after_o a_o depletion_n of_o the_o vessel_n so_o as_o that_o grow_v somewhat_o more_o lax_n the_o beat_n become_v very_o visible_a equal_o in_o the_o sinus_n and_o membrane_n too_o after_o have_v make_v this_o experiment_n i_o find_v one_o author_n of_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o that_o be_v falloppius_n who_o in_o vindication_n of_o galen_n against_o vesalius_n his_o contemporary_a say_v all_o i_o have_v say_v upon_o the_o forego_n experiment_n and_o all_o the_o great_a vesalius_n be_v able_a to_o answer_v in_o his_o own_o vindication_n in_o his_o ingenious_a book_n call_v anatomicam_fw-la gabr._fw-la falloppi_n observat_fw-la examen_fw-la fall_v very_o short_a of_o its_o aim_n as_o to_o the_o transverse_a ligament_n which_o be_v in_o some_o place_n r._n place_n fig._n 4._o r._n round_o cordal_n and_o in_o other_o x._o other_o ibid._n x._o broad_a or_o membranous_a in_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n chief_o both_o serve_v for_o strength_n and_o in_o concurrence_n with_o the_o cruciform_a ligamentous_a fibre_n take_v notice_n of_o by_o vieussenius_fw-la on_o the_o under_o and_o outside_n of_o this_o sinus_n from_o whence_o the_o fibre_n belong_v to_o the_o falcate_v process_n aforemention_v seem_v to_o have_v their_o original_n elasticity_n to_o this_o part_n for_o its_o more_o vigorous_a reduction_n of_o the_o blood_n pass_v through_o it_o together_o with_o its_o blind_a cavity_n or_o diverticulum_n serve_v to_o moderate_v the_o over-swift_a or_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n see_v i_o find_v they_o so_o exact_o describe_v by_o vieussenius_fw-la to_o who_o the_o reader_n may_v have_v recourse_n i_o think_v their_o description_n need_v take_v up_o no_o room_n here_o but_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o vein_n enter_v this_o sinus_n i_o find_v it_o far_o different_a from_o that_o which_o be_v describe_v by_o lower_n first_o etc._n low._n fig._n 4._o h_o h._n vituss_n tab_v 2_o d_o d_o etc._n etc._n and_o afterward_o by_o vieussenius_fw-la both_o who_o make_v they_o enter_v with_o their_o orifice_n from_o behind_o forward_o two_o or_o three_o only_o except_v by_o vieussenius_fw-la and_o that_o for_o some_o other_o useful_a purpose_n than_o what_o have_v hitherto_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o this_o be_v as_o follow_v etc._n fig._n 4._o dd_v etc._n etc._n viz._n about_o one_o half_a of_o they_o though_o intermix_o but_o all_o after_o have_v first_o upon_o their_o arrival_n at_o the_o sinus_n insinuate_v themselves_o for_o some_o space_n alter_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o pancreatic_a dust_n or_o ureter_n first_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o low_a etc._n ib._n dd_o etc._n etc._n betwixt_o the_o duplicature_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n from_o behind_o forward_o the_o other_o half_o from_o before_o backward_o as_o in_o the_o figure_n now_o by_o this_o contrivance_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v make_v two_o contrary_a torrent_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o channel_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o refluent_a blood_n make_v poor_a by_o the_o vast_a quantity_n of_o its_o rich_a part_n draw_v off_o as_o it_o be_v into_o animal_n spirit_n through_o a_o collision_n of_o part_n which_o by_o this_o contrivance_n must_v needs_o fall_v out_o be_v preserve_v in_o its_o due_a mixture_n which_o when_o at_o any_o time_n lose_v through_o the_o languish_a of_o its_o intestine_a motion_n or_o elasticity_n retard_v even_o its_o circular_a or_o progressive_a motion_n which_o when_o it_o happen_v but_o in_o some_o degree_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o distemper_n and_o when_o altogether_o of_o death_n itself_o in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o circulation_n be_v at_o all_o time_n not_o only_o somewhat_o retard_v and_o the_o blood_n hinder_v together_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o bony_a cell_n at_o which_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n enter_v the_o sinus_n especial_o in_o a_o erect_a posture_n from_o descend_v with_o that_o rapidness_n and_o weight_n it_o will_v otherwise_o have_v do_v upon_o the_o descend_a cava_fw-la to_o the_o heart_n but_o also_o much_o more_o so_o retard_v in_o a_o supine_n position_n of_o the_o head_n a_o posture_n most_o natural_a and_o ordinary_a for_o mankind_n to_o take_v their_o rest_n in_o through_o which_o contrivance_n in_o concurrence_n with_o that_o of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n who_o structure_n be_v such_o that_o in_o the_o aforesaid_a posture_n the_o blood_n be_v force_v to_o climb_v upward_o before_o it_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o place_n of_o its_o descent_n into_o the_o jugular_a vein_n there_o be_v make_v a_o more_o plentiful_a generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n one_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o great_a refreshment_n and_o vigorous_a disposition_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n we_o find_v after_o sleep_v as_o to_o the_o other_o manner_n of_o the_o vein_n enter_v this_o sinus_n viz._n from_o before_o backward_o it_o from_o thence_o happen_v that_o in_o a_o prone_a position_n of_o the_o brain_n a_o posture_n not_o uncommon_a among_o man_n the_o blood_n be_v help_v forward_o in_o its_o circulation_n through_o the_o sinus_n the_o truth_n and_o design_n whereof_o be_v at_o once_o both_o evident_a and_o point_a at_o by_o nature_n from_o the_o structure_n of_o this_o part_n and_o which_o therefore_o show_v the_o great_a usefulness_n of_o comparative_a anatomy_n in_o brute_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o such_o a_o position_n which_o the_o necessity_n of_o feed_v almost_o always_o keep_v they_o in_o have_v always_o such_o a_o disposition_n of_o this_o part_n to_o assist_v the_o blood_n in_o its_o heavy_a circulation_n the_o design_n of_o nature_n in_o make_v these_o channel_n so_o wide_o on_o a_o sudden_a in_o respect_n to_o the_o branch_n of_o vein_n late_o treat_v of_o terminate_n in_o they_o seem_v to_o correspond_v with_o the_o conformation_n of_o the_o part_n just_a now_o treat_v of_o and_o with_o that_o it_o have_v in_o make_v the_o ramification_n of_o artery_n afore_o take_v notice_n of_o so_o large_a and_o unproportionable_a to_o the_o trunk_n from_o which_o they_o spring_v which_o be_v a_o flower_n than_o ordinary_a circulation_n of_o blood_n through_o the_o brain_n in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o still_o more_o copious_a production_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n so_o call_v which_o profitable_a design_n and_o end_v of_o nature_n have_v nevertheless_o be_v attend_v with_o a_o very_a great_a inconvenience_n viz._n a_o extravasation_n of_o too_o much_o serum_n the_o usual_a effect_n or_o consequence_n of_o a_o slackened_a circulation_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o another_o provident_a contrivance_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o two_o communicant-branche_n betwixt_o the_o carotid_n and_o vertebral_n artery_n aforementioned_a p._n 36._o by_o the_o narrowness_n of_o who_o channel_n the_o influent_a blood_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n repress_v in_o its_o motion_n and_o a_o overcharge_n the_o vessel_n with_o blood_n prevent_v these_o sinus_n differ_v in_o structure_n one_o from_o another_o the_o longitudinal_n and_o lateral_a one_o have_v many_o transverse_a ligament_n which_o the_o other_o have_v not_o and_o the_o longitudinal_n have_v many_o small_a cavity_n or_o blind_a diverticulum_n as_o aforesaid_a which_o the_o lateral_a have_v not_o the_o use_n of_o they_o all_o be_v for_o strengthen_v and_o defend_v they_o from_o give_v way_n to_o the_o violent_a irruption_n of_o blood_n into_o they_o against_o which_o sometime_o notwithstanding_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o as_o i_o have_v see_v in_o many_o skull_n ni_fw-fr which_z the_o blood_n have_v burst_v open_a the_o side_n of_o the_o sinus_n and_o find_v its_o way_n between_o the_o duplicature_n of_o it_o so_o as_o even_o to_o have_v make_v a_o fovea_fw-la or_o cavity_n in_o the_o cranium_fw-la itself_o as_o be_v before_o note_v one_o of_o which_o i_o have_v now_o by_o i_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroeides_n this_o plexus_fw-la be_v a_o aggregate_v body_n make_v up_o of_o artery_n vein_n membrane_n and_o gland_n double_a on_o each_o side_n which_o have_v not_o before_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o consequent_o have_v two_o original_n the_o first_o original_a be_v from_o the_o foremost_a branch_n of_o the_o communicant_a artery_n ee_o fig_n 1._o ee_o which_o run_v backward_o up_o betwixt_o the_o hinder_a lobe_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o which_o for_o some_o part_n of_o the_o way_n it_o be_v immerge_v and_o to_o which_o it_o give_v many_o large_a branch_n and_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la at_o length_n arrive_v at_o the_o lateral_a ventricles_n ee_o fig_n 5._o ee_o and_o make_v one_o part_n of_o
together_o with_o almost_o all_o the_o ancient_n as_o vesalius_n columbus_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o contrary_a i_o have_v never_o find_v this_o rete_fw-la want_v or_o with_o any_o difficulty_n discoverable_a in_o man_n spring_v from_o and_o lie_v on_o the_o inside_n of_o each_o carotid_n artery_n in_o that_o place_n of_o the_o circular_a sinus_n chief_v which_o look_v into_o the_o four_o abovementioned_a inferior_a and_o superior_a sinus_n in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o in_o some_o measure_n also_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o the_o sella_n turcica_n on_o each_o side_n between_o the_o gland_n and_o the_o carotid_v artery_n and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o small_a in_o they_o with_o respect_n to_o what_o it_o be_v in_o brute_n of_o several_a kind_n be_v no_o way_n surprise_v when_o consideration_n be_v have_v to_o the_o use_n and_o service_n of_o it_o in_o those_o creature_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o prone_a position_n will_v otherwise_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o have_v their_o brain_n deluge_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o overgreat_a quantity_n of_o the_o influent_a blood_n and_o of_o a_o rupture_n of_o the_o vessel_n by_o its_o violent_a ingress_n and_o this_o danger_n so_o much_o the_o more_o threaten_a by_o how_o much_o the_o same_o cause_n which_o bring_v it_o into_o the_o brain_n with_o that_o force_n be_v equal_o as_o great_a and_o effectual_a to_o hinder_v its_o proportionable_a return_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o which_o inconveniency_n nature_n have_v contrive_v a_o mean_n of_o its_o more_o easy_a and_o safe_a descent_n into_o the_o brain_n by_o turn_v that_o one_o large_a stream_n of_o blood_n which_o through_o its_o be_v pen_v in_o one_o channel_n become_v so_o rapid_a into_o many_o more_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o carotid_v trunk_n above_o the_o dura_n mater_n in_o those_o creature_n be_v very_o small_a to_o what_o it_o be_v beneath_o whereas_o that_o artery_n in_o man_n etc._n etc._n have_v the_o same_o bigness_n on_o both_o side_n that_o membrane_n and_o they_o not_o only_o reticulate_v and_o contort_a for_o the_o more_o slow_a and_o laborious_a which_o contrivance_n the_o ancient_n think_v be_v only_o for_o a_o more_o exact_a preparation_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o animal_n spirit_n descent_n of_o the_o blood_n but_o also_o many_o of_o they_o by_o their_o insertion_n into_o the_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la attend_v with_o small_a vein_n issue_v thence_o to_o take_v off_o some_o part_n of_o the_o burden_n too_o this_o last_o contrivance_n of_o nature_n methinks_v may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o render_v that_o controversy_n of_o vieussenius_fw-la with_o willis_n which_o before_o they_o 2._o vieuss_n p._n 16_o pat_o 2._o be_v betwixt_o waleus_n and_o rolfincius_n the_o two_o latter_a on_o each_o side_n deny_v this_o rete_fw-la to_o have_v any_o vein_n very_o needless_a see_v that_o if_o the_o pituitary_a gland_n have_v any_o which_o i_o be_o confident_a it_o have_v notwithstanding_o the_o positive_a assertion_n of_o diemerbroeke_n 3._o diemerbr_n p._n 364._o par_fw-fr 3._o in_o order_n to_o serve_v his_o own_o most_o unprobable_a hypothesis_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o have_v see_v they_o plain_o inject_v with_o wax_n then_o this_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o some_o of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o say_v rete_fw-la which_o be_v plain_o insert_v into_o the_o gland_n be_v equal_o capable_a of_o be_v reduce_v by_o those_o vein_n without_o any_o necessity_n of_o have_v recourse_n to_o those_o remote_a branch_n vieussenius_fw-la have_v be_v force_v to_o seek_v for_o 2._o vieuss_n p_o 45_o par_fw-fr 2._o as_o if_o it_o have_v have_v they_o of_o its_o own_o and_o that_o to_o the_o aforesaid_a position_n of_o different_a creature_n ought_v chief_o to_o be_v ascribe_v the_o variety_n of_o magnitude_n of_o this_o rete_fw-la in_o several_a of_o they_o its_o size_n in_o dog_n seem_v high_o to_o evince_v in_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o horizontal_n position_n be_v neither_o so_o prone_a as_o several_a brute_n who_o seed_n on_o grass_n nor_o so_o erect_v as_o man_n that_o rete_fw-la be_v find_v small_a than_o in_o the_o first_o and_o large_a than_o in_o the_o last_o another_o use_v it_o have_v be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v to_o carry_v off_o a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o a_o dull_a watery_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o order_n to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o fine_a animal_n spirit_n and_o this_o it_o be_v think_v to_o effect_v by_o mean_n and_o help_n of_o the_o pituitary_a gland_n betwixt_o which_o be_v itself_o there_o be_v constant_o observe_v a_o great_a affinity_n the_o one_o be_v either_o great_a or_o lesser_a in_o proportion_n as_o the_o other_o be_v so_o and_o betwixt_o which_o there_o be_v in_o all_o creature_n but_o more_o remarkable_o in_o those_o where_o they_o be_v both_o large_a a_o distribution_n of_o several_a branch_n come_v from_o the_o aforesaid_a rete_fw-la and_o this_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o vieussenius_fw-la so_o considerable_a a_o office_n of_o the_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la that_o in_o those_o creature_n where_o it_o be_v but_o small_a as_o in_o man_n horse_n dog_n etc._n etc._n he_o have_v substitute_v many_o 3._o vieus_n p._n 102_o par_fw-fr 3._o but_o particular_o two_o cavity_n for_o that_o use_n in_o the_o wedglike_a bone_n just_a under_o the_o sella_n turcica_n in_o which_o he_o suppose_v that_o part_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a serum_n which_o by_o the_o smallness_n of_o the_o rete_fw-la can_v be_v return_v that_o way_n be_v remit_v by_o several_a little_a artery_n slip_v off_o from_o the_o carotid_n whilst_o under_o the_o sella_n turcica_n terminate_a in_o the_o two_o abovenamed_a cavity_n there_o either_o depose_v a_o part_n of_o the_o serum_n to_o be_v carry_v off_o by_o a_o strange_a way_n he_o there_o mention_n viz._n by_o two_o hole_n into_o the_o nostril_n and_o thence_o into_o the_o fauces_fw-la or_o else_o by_o certain_a vein_n meet_v they_o in_o that_o place_n as_o their_o proper_a reductory_n vessel_n 2._o vieuss_n p._n 9_o par_fw-fr 2._o to_o the_o heart_n now_o as_o to_o this_o office_n of_o the_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la i_o can_v easy_o be_v persuade_v it_o be_v either_o design_v for_o or_o capable_a of_o it_o till_o such_o time_n the_o abettor_n of_o this_o opinion_n can_v be_v able_a to_o show_v i_o it_o furnish_v with_o a_o excretory_a dust_n for_o this_o purpose_n and_o if_o they_o offer_v that_o the_o vein_n be_v such_o i_o reply_v that_o beside_o its_o be_v very_o unprobable_a that_o so_o vast_a a_o quantity_n of_o blood_n as_o continual_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o carotid_v artery_n to_o the_o brain_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o get_v rid_v of_o any_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o its_o serosity_n by_o so_o small_a a_o part_n as_o the_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la be_v it_o be_v not_o the_o usual_a way_n of_o nature_n to_o part_n with_o any_o share_n of_o its_o juice_n out_o of_o its_o vessel_n when_o so_o unactive_a and_o unprositable_a as_o this_o be_v and_o immediate_o to_o receive_v it_o in_o again_o see_v it_o be_v provide_v of_o emunctory_n enough_o to_o convey_v it_o away_o by_o moreover_o grant_v which_o by_o no_o reasonable_a mean_n be_v to_o be_v grant_v it_o be_v so_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o yet_o nevertheless_o in_o conformity_n to_o nature_n proceed_n in_o all_o suchlike_a case_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o intermediate_v passage_n by_o way_n of_o a_o secretory_a dust_n which_o none_o have_v be_v able_a hitherto_o to_o discover_v and_o so_o far_o as_o vieussenius_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v of_o this_o opinion_n 3._o vieus_n p._n 102_o par_fw-fr 3._o which_o in_o one_o place_n he_o plain_o be_v make_v it_o of_o so_o gross_a and_o viscid_a a_o nature_n as_o be_v only_o sit_v to_o be_v discharge_v at_o the_o emunctory_a of_o the_o nose_n the_o same_o reply_n be_v satisfactory_a but_o when_o by_o way_n of_o flat_a contradiction_n to_o himself_o he_o come_v to_o make_v the_o same_o gross_a humour_n a_o perfect_a sine_fw-la lympha_fw-la the_o answer_n be_v then_o 1._o vieuss_n p._n 54._o par_fw-fr 1._o that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o part_v with_o it_o beforehand_o see_v we_o find_v that_o liquor_n only_o separate_v by_o the_o lymphduct_n of_o the_o brain_n afterward_o see_v therefore_o there_o be_v such_o a_o affinity_n as_o before_o mention_v between_o the_o rete_fw-la mirabile_n and_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la and_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o office_n of_o the_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la be_v not_o what_o it_o have_v general_o hitherto_o be_v believe_v to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v attain_v a_o more_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o what_o it_o real_o be_v it_o seem_v not_o altogether_o immethodical_a to_o take_v that_o part_n into_o consideration_n in_o the_o next_o place_n together_o with_o the_o infundibulum_fw-la which_o last_o have_v not_o only_o as_o near_o a_o relation_n to_o the_o gland_n as_o the_o gland_n
tractatum_fw-la hunc_fw-la cvi_fw-la titulus_fw-la the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o brain_n dignum_fw-la judicamus_fw-la qui_fw-la imprimatur_fw-la thomas_n burwell_n praeses_fw-la samuel_n collins_n e_n fred._n slare_n e_n william_n dawes_n e_n tancred_n robinson_n e_n dat._n ex_fw-la aedibus_fw-la collegii_fw-la in_o comitiis_fw-la censor_n sept._n 7._o 1694_o the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o brain_n contain_v its_o mechanism_n and_o physiology_n together_o with_o some_o new_a discovery_n and_o correction_n of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a author_n upon_o that_o subject_a to_o which_o be_v annex_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o animal_n function_n and_o muscular_a motion_n the_o whole_a illustrate_v with_o elegant_a sculpture_n after_o the_o life_n by_o h._n ridley_n coll._n med._n lond._n soc._n london_n print_v for_o sam._n smith_n and_o benj._n walford_n printer_n to_o the_o royal_a society_n at_o the_o prince_n arm_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1695._o spectatissimo_fw-la doctissimoque_fw-la viro_fw-la d._n d._n johanni_n lawson_n collegii_fw-la regalis_fw-la medicorum_fw-la london_n presidi_fw-la dignissimo_fw-la sociis_fw-la et_fw-la inter_fw-la eosspeciatim_fw-la censoribus_fw-la well_fw-mi eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la clarissimis_fw-la samueli_fw-la collins_n richardo_n torless_a edvardo_fw-la tyson_n martino_n lister_n necnon_fw-la d._n d._n electoribus_fw-la meritissimis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la &_o singulis_n tam_fw-la prae_fw-la vniversali_fw-la exquisita_fw-la sva_fw-la erudition_n quam_fw-la artis_fw-la apollineae_fw-la praxi_fw-la faelicissima_fw-la long_o celeberrimis_fw-la caeteris_fw-la denique_fw-la egregiis_fw-la viris_fw-la inclytissimae_fw-la huius_fw-la societatis_fw-la ascriptis_fw-la paginas_fw-la have_v eorum_fw-la jussu_fw-la in_o lucem_fw-la prodeuntes_fw-la honoris_fw-la &_o obsequii_fw-la ergo_fw-la quam_fw-la hamillimè_fw-la ossert_n h._n r._n the_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n that_o reason_n which_o upon_o first_o thought_n seem_v of_o most_o force_n to_o dissuade_v i_o from_o engage_v myself_o upon_o the_o subject_a i_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o in_o these_o few_o follow_a sheet_n which_o be_v its_o have_v be_v already_o undertake_v by_o two_o so_o eminent_a person_n as_o the_o late_a willis_n and_o the_o present_a vieussenius_fw-la upon_o second_o become_v the_o great_a motive_n to_o it_o see_v that_o even_o after_o the_o best_a proof_n they_o have_v either_o of_o they_o be_v able_a to_o give_v of_o skill_n or_o industry_n upon_o this_o subject_a there_o have_v yet_o escape_v undiscovered_a both_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o the_o material_n which_o nature_n be_v wont_a to_o furnish_v for_o the_o frame_n of_o part_n and_o contrivance_n too_o in_o range_v of_o they_o in_o order_n to_o bring_v about_o that_o great_a design_n of_o make_v they_o all_o contribute_v their_o share_n to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o truth_n of_o this_o become_v still_o more_o evident_a whilst_o i_o become_v more_o conversant_a in_o dissection_n after_o some_o time_n put_v i_o upon_o a_o endeavour_n by_o a_o deep_a scrutiny_n to_o discover_v something_o more_o than_o what_o as_o yet_o have_v come_v to_o light_v and_o this_o i_o undertake_v so_o much_o the_o more_o vigorous_o as_o by_o how_o much_o i_o reckon_v it_o more_o preferable_a to_o contribute_v my_o mite_n towards_o the_o perfect_a of_o a_o work_n already_o so_o happy_o begin_v and_o successful_o carry_v on_o than_o to_o break_v the_o ice_n only_o the_o common_a fate_n of_o the_o first_o attempt_n of_o another_o with_o what_o success_n i_o have_v do_v it_o the_o reader_n must_v be_v judge_n through_o the_o whole_a description_n of_o part_n i_o have_v offer_v nothing_o but_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o have_v take_v all_o possible_a care_n to_o avoid_v be_v impose_v upon_o myself_o by_o make_v experiment_n in_o proportion_n to_o my_o doubt_n some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v upon_o subject_n in_o their_o natural_a some_o in_o their_o morbid_v estate_n some_o upon_o those_o of_o untimely_a death_n and_o on_o those_o last_o sometime_o whilst_o the_o natural_a fluids_n remain_v in_o their_o proper_a vessel_n though_o after_o a_o preternatural_a manner_n occasion_v by_o strangulation_n sometime_o when_o in_o the_o room_n thereof_o other_o body_n have_v be_v introduce_v by_o injection_n as_o tinged_a wax_n and_o mercury_n the_o first_o of_o which_o by_o its_o consistence_n chief_o the_o other_o by_o its_o permanent_a nature_n and_o colour_n contribute_v mighty_o towards_o bring_v to_o view_v the_o most_o minute_n ramification_n of_o vessel_n and_o secret_a recess_n of_o nature_n by_o this_o various_a disposition_n of_o the_o subject_a it_o be_v that_o so_o great_a difficulty_n be_v overcome_v in_o search_n after_o truth_n many_o thing_n appear_v oftentimes_o very_o plain_a in_o one_o state_n which_o either_o lie_v conceal_v or_o seem_v otherwise_o modify_v in_o any_o of_o the_o other_o the_o figure_n be_v delineate_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o that_o complete_a anatomist_n mr._n cowper_n the_o surgeon_n who_o great_a skill_n in_o dissection_n render_v that_o talon_n so_o fortunate_a both_o to_o himself_o and_o his_o friend_n and_o how_o exact_o that_o work_n be_v perform_v i_o submit_v to_o the_o severe_a censure_n of_o any_o who_o will_v be_v at_o the_o pain_n to_o compare_v any_o of_o the_o cut_n to_o the_o life_n what_o i_o have_v say_v upon_o the_o physiologia_fw-la in_o relation_n to_o nutrition_n and_o muscular_a motion_n depend_v on_o microscopical_a observation_n and_o as_o to_o the_o postulatum_fw-la on_o which_o they_o both_o depend_v though_o at_o first_o sight_n it_o may_v appear_v surprise_v yet_o i_o be_o confident_a it_o will_v become_v far_o less_o so_o to_o those_o who_o have_v be_v acquaint_v with_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o vascular_a compage_n of_o plant_n by_o malpighius_n and_o grew_n and_o of_o several_a other_o subject_n by_o lewenhoeck_n and_o to_o conclude_v i_o must_v confess_v i_o have_v be_v the_o better_a satisfy_v with_o it_o myself_o since_o i_o meet_v with_o some_o passage_n in_o the_o work_v of_o those_o learned_a micrographist_n dr._n power_n and_o of_o mr._n hooke_n relate_v to_o this_o subject_a in_o which_o last_o the_o medium_n make_v use_v of_o for_o solution_n of_o that_o famous_a phaenomenon_n of_o that_o plant_n contraction_n at_o the_o first_o appulse_n of_o touch_n from_o external_a object_n as_o well_o as_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o act_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o make_v use_v of_o here_o as_o a_o postulatum_fw-la upon_o which_o the_o whole_a of_o what_o be_v say_v about_o muscular_a motion_n be_v build_v although_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o be_o sensible_a it_o be_v not_o so_o apply_v in_o that_o place_n by_o the_o aforesaid_a author_n who_o opinion_n in_o reference_n to_o muscular_a motion_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o dr._n mayow_o already_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o follow_a sheet_n be_v express_o otherwise_o in_o the_o account_n lie_n give_v of_o those_o natural_a hygrometer_n the_o beard_n of_o wild_a oat_n of_o all_o the_o sort_n of_o crane_n bill_n and_o cat_n gut_n conformable_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o nature_n act_v on_o which_o in_o order_n to_o make_v they_o proper_a index_n of_o the_o various_a change_n of_o wether_n viz_o by_o wreathe_v and_o unwrethe_v he_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v of_o muscular_a motion_n i_o have_v quote_v author_n not_o out_o of_o ostentation_n but_o both_o for_o their_o truth_n and_o error_n to_o the_o end_n that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n we_o may_v see_v it_o reasonable_a and_o convenient_a to_o read_v all_o they_o say_v we_o may_v be_v render_v cautious_a how_o we_o believe_v and_o to_o put_v we_o in_o mind_n that_o as_o we_o sin_v something_o do_v to_o our_o hand_n by_o those_o who_o have_v go_v before_o there_o be_v reason_n we_o shall_v do_v something_o for_o those_o who_o be_v to_o come_v after_o the_o introduction_n howsoever_o the_o controversy_n may_v stand_v among_o learned_a man_n about_o the_o method_n and_o order_n which_o nature_n make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o frame_n the_o different_a part_n of_o animal_n especial_o as_o to_o precedency_n of_o time_n some_o of_o they_o suppose_v a_o rudimentary_a delineation_n or_o pre-existence_n of_o the_o whole_a which_o at_o the_o ingenious_a bruner_n have_v right_o observe_v must_v necessary_o imply_v a_o actual_a existence_n of_o the_o whole_a race_n of_o mankind_n at_o once_o either_o in_o the_o testicle_n or_o ovarium_n of_o eve_n according_a to_o the_o learned_a harvey_n malpighius_n swammardam_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o that_o of_o adam_n according_a to_o lewenhoeck_n dr._n garden_n and_o several_a other_o and_o consequent_o must_v needs_o also_o infer_v a_o extinction_n of_o the_o same_o progeny_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o number_n of_o those_o humane_a germen_n or_o animalcle_n shall_v be_v exhaust_v other_o a_o gradual_a formation_n of_o part_n one_o after_o another_o by_o a_o intestine_a motion_n begin_v and_o carry_v on_o from_o the_o time_n of_o coition_n by_o the_o subtle_a matter_n in_o the_o cicatricula_fw-la of_o the_o egg_n i_o see_v m_o reason_n
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annularis_fw-la and_o the_o thalami_fw-la nervorum_fw-la optici_fw-la partly_o cineritious_a and_o partly_o medullary_a and_o in_o fresh_a brain_n somewhat_o but_o very_o faint_o striate_v i_o know_v not_o of_o any_o part_n within_o the_o brain_n proper_o so_o call_v that_o be_v not_o already_o describe_v except_o a_o certain_a medullary_n chord_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n and_o the_o valvula_n â—â—ajor_n vieussenius_fw-la commislura_fw-la crassioris_fw-la nervi_fw-la ae_n nula_fw-la of_o vieussenius_fw-la the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v a_o medullary_a process_n 83._o willis_n p._n 43_o col_fw-fr 2._o vituss_n p._n 83._o which_o join_v the_o corpora_fw-la striata_fw-la together_o according_a to_o dr._n willis_n by_o vieussenius_fw-la call_v comissura_fw-la crassioris_fw-la nervi_fw-la aemula_fw-la and_o according_a to_o he_o be_v the_o medium_fw-la or_o commissura_fw-la by_o which_o his_o geminum_fw-la centrum_fw-la semicirculare_a intervening_a between_o the_o 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occasion_n may_v be_v easy_o suppose_v subject_n to_o violation_n not_o to_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o high_a improbability_n of_o any_o such_o conveyance_n at_o all_o by_o the_o vein_n see_v that_o in_o a_o natural_a state_n they_o be_v always_o as_o have_v be_v already_o observe_v continuation_n only_o of_o artery_n it_o be_v true_a this_o may_v hinder_v the_o fall_n of_o water_n into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o passage_n under_o the_o nates_n before_o mention_v by_o vienssenius_n call_v aquae_fw-la emissarium_fw-la so_o near_o at_o hand_n to_o receive_v it_o when_o it_o find_v its_o further_a passage_n that_o way_n obstruct_v by_o the_o interposition_n and_o resistance_n of_o this_o valve_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n doubtless_o it_o be_v that_o in_o vieussenius_n experiment_n which_o he_o bring_v for_o a_o proof_n of_o his_o opinion_n no_o water_n be_v find_v in_o the_o sourth_fw-mi ventricle_n 2._o vieus_n p_o 110_o par_fw-fr 2._o it_o have_v get_v a_o passage_n immediate_o upon_o its_o non-admittance_n by_o that_o valve_n to_o convey_v it_o another_o way_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o steepness_n thereof_o be_v do_v much_o more_o ready_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la the_o cerebellum_fw-la fall_v next_o in_o order_n to_o our_o consideration_n in_o describe_v of_o which_o i_o hope_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n may_v reasonable_o be_v spare_v see_v all_o that_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v of_o the_o cortical_a or_o cineritious_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o also_o of_o its_o medullary_a part_n be_v equal_o applicable_a to_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la nor_o be_v what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o of_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroeides_n in_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o one_o part_n less_o applicable_a to_o that_o plexus_fw-la in_o this_o cerebellum_fw-la the_o plexus_fw-la choroeides_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la this_o plexus_fw-la choroeides_n in_o the_o four_o ventricle_n begin_v to_o be_v glandulous_a just_a under_o the_o eight_o pair_n of_o nerve_n from_o whence_o it_o run_v up_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o caudex_fw-la medullaris_fw-la to_o the_o chordal_n or_o three_o