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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A44222	The death of King Charles I proved a down-right murder, with the aggravations of it in a sermon at St. Botolph Aldgate, London, January 30, 1692/3 : to which are added, some just reflections upon some late papers, concerning that King's book / by Rich. Hollingworth.	Hollingworth, Richard, 1639?-1701.	1693 (1693)	Wing H2501; ESTC R13678	16,735	43

through Perjury and Perfidiousness through Breaches upon Promises reiterated and repeated again and again And therefore upon this account I recommend to you weeping and wailing because Perjury and Murder are great and crying sins II. Another Aggravation of this Murder is the Person that suffered and that was King Charles I. and here let us see whether he deserved such a barbarous death I am very far from thinking him a man in a state of Perfection and I do acknowledge there were Errors and Failures in his Government he came early to the Crown and therefore might be imposed upon but I hope every Man does not deserve to be knock'd o' th' Head for every particular slip of his life if so the best Kings that have Reigned would not have died natural deaths neither David nor Solomon neither Hezekiah nor Josiah nor any other Prince recorded for vertuous and very good men But however whatsoever his imperfections were in the beginning of his Reign I am sure before the Quarrel began with him he rectifyed them all and consented to remove all those things that were accounted grievous and indeed filled the Statute-Book with more Privileges than it does afford now for a succeeding Parliament took away some things then established which they in their great Wisdom thought neither fit for a King to grant nor People to enjoy The truth of it is this Great Person take him in all considerations deserved a far better Lot than he met withal and many of those that at first entertained hard thoughts of him and engaged against him upon Conversation and Acquaintance with him repented of what they had done and as they ever after bore a great esteem for him so in all their discourses afterwards represented him as one of the best of men they ever met withal particularly the Learned and Pious Mr. Vines who said to some Friends of mine That if ever there was a Solomon since Solomon it was Charles the I. And truly no wonder for certainly he was a Man endowed with as many Vertues and Graces as most Princes that ever sate upon a Throne His Devotions in the way of the Church of England were constant and regular his Discourses pithy and profitable for he was a man of great Parts and admirable Improvements his Behaviour was affable and courteous and so long as he was able possessed of his own Inheritance he was greatly Charitable and ready to lend his helping hand in promoting any publick Good which I could make out by many Instances further his Chastity considering the Temptations he as a King might be supposed to be under is scarce to be parallel'd and his Temperance acknowledged by all that were about him his Patience was in some sort like that of his great Master 's the Holy Jesus and tho he met with as great affronts and indignities as ever Man did that wore a Crown yet his very Enemies confessed that they could not throw him into a Passion nor ruffle him so far as to break out into undecent and angry Reflections how he behaved himself at his Tryal and immediately before his Death and at the hour of Death it self pray search the History and you will be satisfied that he was acted by a more than ordinary Divine Spirit one instance I cannot omit and that is when he was going through the Park towards the Scaffold with a Guard about him he spoke to Two Persons that did more immediately attend him that they would go faster saying That he now went before them to strive for an Heavenly Crown with less sollicitude than he had oftentimes bid his Souldiers to fight for an Earthly Diadem and how he went out of the World with a clear Soul without the least revenge but praving forgiveness for his Enemies you may find in the True Account of the passages at his Death And pray my Beloved what Cause was there now for this Great and Good Man's Murder Yes say some wicked Men he was a Tyrant and a Papist A Tyrant that is strange that gave to his People all they could reasonably ask and frankly offered to consent to any thing that did not strip him of his Kingship and that was consistent with his Honour and Conscience If such a Man be a Tyrant then You and I must all of us change our Notions of things and call Good Evil and Evil Good And as for the Imputation of Popery there is no Man that reads his History with an unprejudiced Mind can believe the least inclination to it if Living and Dying in perfect Communion with the most excellent Church in the World if offering to do any thing that might preserve and support the Protestant Religion be arguments of a Papist then I must confess the Imputation is just but what Man of the Church of England is not a Papist at this rate But thanks be to God as he refuted this Reflection by the whole Series of his Life and by his solemn Protestation at his Death when he was just going to give an account to God so I think the Members of this Church have Preach'd Printed and said enough in the late Reign for ever to silence and shame this Reflection and Imputation out of the World So that hitherto we find no cause of Death in him at all even if by the Laws of the Land he had been rightly tryed by a just Power that had as just an Authority to bring him to an Hearing and Tryal and therefore this is a great aggravation of his Death that a Man of Innocence and Goodness a Man of Virtue and Piety a Man indeed of a most Exemplary Life should be thus Butcher'd and that by those who had no more Authority to do it than you have to fall a cutting one anothers Throats as soon as this Sermon is ended And therefore upon this score This Death ought to be bewailed and there is great reason for the observing This Day in order to prevent the Judgments that may come upon us for shedding and for the vindicating the shedding of this Innocent Bloud III. Another Aggravation of this Murder is the Consequences of it Alas after the Sacrifice of this great Person Nobles fell by their bloudy hands and the best Families were either Banished or Imprisoned and their Estates Confiscated a bloudy War with Scotland was commenc'd and that free Nation brought into a perfect slavery and that which was a thing of deplorable consequence this Good Man's Children were Banished to seek their Bread in strange Countreys from whence proceeded the Miseries especially of the last Reign and therefore those Men that flye in the face of the Two last Kings should do well to consider where they were forcibly bred and how they came to be bred there who sent them out of their own Countrey and exposed them to live upon the Bounty of Popish Princes if King Charles the First had lived out his time they no doubt had been bred up in the strictest way in the Protestant

were brought to his Father by the King's Order by Bishop Juxon for that purpose or weigh down the credit of that holy honest and couragious Sufferer Mr. Simmonds All which Characters will appear in a few Weeks to be true of him by his Book called The Vindication of King Charles the First which was Printed in 48. and now Re-printed again by my self who all along in his Sickness and to his last Breath declared it to be the King 's own Book and none others whose only fault was in the trust reposed in him by the King to Print and Correct this Book that he showed it to Dr. Gauden and let him too much into the knowledge of it who thereupon Mr. Simmonds being dead and the Marquess of Worcester too who if living could have disproved to his shame all his Pretences in order to serve his ambitious ends sets up for the Author of the Book Or lastly weigh down the Evidence of the Reverend Mr. Long who so sacredly has declared that he heard Dr. Gauden declare and often affirm that he was fully convinced that the Book was entirely that King's Work I now my good Friends appeal to you all to judge betwixt these so much cryed-up Papers and the Evidence against them for that great and good King and I leave my self in your hands and the hands of all the dis-interested and unprejudiced part of the Kingdom to judge whether I am guilty of Forgery that great sin a late Barbarous Libeller lays to my charge I shall detain you no longer than to tell you That the reason of my Zeal and Labour in the Vindication of this King next to my satisfaction in his Personal Vertues it that the Principles by which this King was Murdered and by which his Murder is now justified will if they prevail once more destroy our English Ancient Monarchy and tear up by the Roots again the best constituted Church in the World and by the Grace of God as I will never contribute to such a Design so according to my small Ability I will in my place endeavour to prevent it let what will come of Me and Mine My good Neighbours praying for your Health and Happiness and thanking of you for your continued kindness to me I am your hearty loving Friend and Minister RICH. HOLLINGWORTH TO THE Counterfeit LUDLOW SIR WHereas you challenge me as to the Truth of the Story concerning Mrs. Gauden to a Lady if you please to come or send to me I will direct you to that Reverend Person who will satisfie you that a Lady told him above sixteen years ago that Mrs. Gauden told her That she questioned the Eternal State of her Husband because he pretended to be the Author of a Book which to her knowledge he never wrote And when you know him you will say I am not out when I say He is as considerable a Person as most that wears a Gown Imprimatur Guil. Lancaster Good Reader YEsterday being the 15th of February a very Worthy and particular Friend of mine was pleased to come to my house and to inform me That one Captain Rhodes together with his Mother could give me a farther account of King Charles the First 's Book upon which I gave the said Captain a meeting the last Night who was pleased to invite me to his House this afternoon being the 16th instant where and when the Mother a grave serious Gentlewoman did declare to me that her Husband Dr. Rhodes Minister of Haughton and Thorpe near Newark did live in Newark in the time it was a Garison while the King was there and that the King came often to her House to discourse with her Husband and that her Husband did conduct the King in a disguise from Newark to Oxford and was with him often from that time till his being a Prisoner in the Isle of Wight where he attended him also in all which places he saw those parts of the King's Book which he then drew up Written with his own hand being so intimate with the King and so intirely beloved by him as to be admitted into his Closets and secret Communications all which her Husband often told her as great Truths and the said Captain her Son did declare to me which he will when lawfully called restifie upon Oath that he was in company with Sir Francis Leake and one Major Millington a Sectary and his Father when a discourse arising about this Book his Father solemnly laid his Hand upon his Breast and said upon the Word of an Honest Man I have at several times and in several places seen and read these Papers Writ with the King 's own hand This Captain Rhodes and his Mother live in Mansel-street in Goodman's Fields within two doors of the Green Man and will justifie the Truth of what I have said to any that have the curiosity to ask them And now Mr. Ben. Hatley who against Faith and Promise exposed these false and ridiculous Papers to publick View at the Rummer in Queen-street and suffered a silly abstract to be taken by the Counterfeit Ludlow much good may your Design do you though I assure you Dr. Gauden's Relations have no reason to thank you MATTHEW XIX 18. Jesus said Thou shalt do no Murder WHEN God Created Man He designed that his Issue and Posterity should live in Love and Peace with one another mutually Helping and Assisting each other according to their several Necessities and Straits and therefore when Cain rose up against his Brother Abel and embrued his Hands in his Bloud the great God to shew his abhorrence and detestation of the Sin tells him that the Voice of his Brother's Bloud was come to Him from the ground and in Judgment makes him a Vagabond and a Wanderer and afterwards makes a standing Law in order to deterr Men from a Sin that did so break in upon the Reason of his Creation and the Laws of Society That whosoever did shed Man's Bloud by Man should his Bloud be shed And when He gave the Ten Commandments by the hands of Moses to the Children of Israel He inserted this for one Exod. 20. That he should not kill And our Saviour who came to fulfil all Righteousness and as He tells us himself Matth. 5. Not to destroy but to fulfil the Law namely To set things in a clearer Light to found the Practice of them upon Nobler Principles to carry them to Nobler Ends and to give Men greater Spiritual Aids and Assistances to perform them than the Jews had under the Paedagogy of Moses He repeats and justifies this particular Law making the observance of it one of the conditions of Eternal Life and tells the Man in the words of my Text Thou shalt do no Murder In the handling of which Words I will briefly fix the true Notion of Murder of Killing our fellow Creatures those of the same Rank and Order of Being with our selves and then see whether the Murder we are appointed by the Wisdom of the

to do it No no they could not perpetrate this Act before they had broke in upon the whole Frame and Constitution of the Government and they made their way to it by the most undutiful rude and barbarous Acts that History almost can parallel For at that very time when the good King had made such Concessions as the House of Commons Voted a ground for Peace and when the tired and harrassed Nation expected their Swords to be turned into Plow-shares and the Spears into pruning books at that time did an insolent Army through Pride Covetousness and Perjury violently assault their Masters who had set them on Work and all along paid them their Wages and stop'd and laid hold of many of the Members as they were going into the House and put them under a restraint even to such a number that very few considering of what number the House ought to consist did remain behind which Few notwithstanding took upon them the Name of the People of England and in a short time after some Votes which rooted up and destroyed the very Fundamentals of our Government Voted the Tryal of the King as a Traytor and named Commissioners to sit upon him and when they sent the Bill to the Lords for their concurrence who nobly rejected it for so doing they Voted away all the Authority of the House of Lords tho' it be by our Constitution the Highest Court of Judicature in the Kingdom By such unheard of and Barbarous Ways they made way for the King's Tryal and at last for his inhumane Death And now I appeal to any Man of Sense Reason or Religion whither this was not a real Murder and I ask with what Brow any Man that pretends a Love for his Countreys Constitution can advocate and plead for such an illegal Act an Act of a few Men who took upon them an Authority our Law knows nothing of But to put the thing out of doubt and to satisfie you to the full that this was a real Murder I will give you an Abstract of the Act made by the Parliament upon the Restoration of King Charles the Second many of the Members of which were persons excluded by the Army in order to the violent cutting off King Charles the First They declare in that Act That The horrid and execrable Murder of our late most gracious Soveraign King Charles the First of ever-blessed and glorious Memory hath been committed by a party of wretched Men desperately wicked and hardned in their impiety who-having first plotted and contrived the ruine and destruction of our excellent Monarchy and with it the True Reformed Protestant Religion which had been long protected by it and flourished under it to carry on their pernicious and traiterous designs threw down all the Fences and Bulworks of Law subverted the very Being and Constitution of Parliaments that they might have a way opened for any further attempt upon the Sacred Person of his Majesty Further they declare That by many odious Acts they had fully strengthened themselves in Power and Faction seiz'd upon his Royal Person erected a prodigious and unheard of Tribunal which they called an High Court of Justice for Tryal of his Majesty and at last with force and cruelty they brought his Sacred Majesty to the Scaffold and there publickly Murdered him before the Gates of his own Royal Palace And because by this horrid Action the Protestant Religion hath received the greatest Wound and reproach and the People of England the most unsupportable Shame and Infamy that it was possible for the enemies of God and the King to bring upon us Further it says The Fanatick rage of a few miscreants who were as far from being True Protestants as they were from being True Subjects Therefore we the Parliament do hereby renounce abominate and protest against that impious Fact that execrable Murther and unparallel'd Treason committed against the Sacred Person and Life of our said late Sovereign and all proceedings thereunto And be it hereby declared that by the undoubted and fundamental Laws of this Kingdom neither the Peers of this Realm nor the Commons nor both together in Parliament nor the People collectively nor representatively nor any other Person whatsoever ever had have or ought to have a coercive Power over the persons of the Kings of this Realm And for the vindicating our selves and as a lasting Monument to Posterity of our inexpressible detestation and abhorrence of this Villanous and Abominable Fact Be it Enacted that every 30th of January shall be for over hereafter set a part to be kept and observed in all Churches and Chappels in his Majesties Dominions as an Anniversary day of Fasting and Humiliation to implore the Mercy of God that neither the Guilt of the Sacred and Innocent Bloud may at any time hereafter be visited upon Vs and our Posterity Then it goes on to Attaint as Traitors and Regicides Oliver Cromwel Edmund Ludlow c. as notorious Wicked and Active Instruments in prosecuting and compassing that Trayterous Murder And now my Beloved I hope when the Wisdom of the Nation in Parliament has declared it self so fully and freely I say I hope there is none in this Congregation will deny this Fact to be a real and down-right Murder in the sense of my Text. Give me leave in the next place to show you the Aggravations of this Murder that so you may be affected with it and thereby answer the Reason of the Day and the design of those that appointed it and consequently help to the keeping of that Divine Vengeance which other mens justifying and abetting of it may justly pull down upon our heads And the truth of it is the Aggravations are great and many and surmount all my little Rhetorick to make a just description of but however as far as I am able I will give you them I. Consider the Aggravation from the Persons that contrived and accomplished this horrid Murder they were Men that had sworn true Faith to him again and again who had taken the Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance who took the Protestation by which they promised to defend and secure the King 's Rights who took the Covenant by which they engaged at the same rate and to the same purposes Men that had consented to Messages upon Messages Petitions upon Petitions under the Name and Notion of His Majesty's most humble and dutiful Subjects who aimed at nothing and called God to witness they had nothing more in their eyes than the safety honour and welfare of His Majesty's Person and Government and yet these Men embrue their hands in His Bloud and break through all the Ties and Obligations these Oaths laid upon them in order to kill and take possession of what he had Now certainly my Beloved this thing ought mightily to be bewailed upon this account and God must needs be angry with that People who magnifie and vindicate not only the shedding of Righteous Bloud but the working their way to it