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A60240 The critical history of the religions and customs of the eastern nations written in French by the learned Father Simon ; and now done into English, by A. Lovell ...; Histoire critique de la creance et de coutumes des nations du Levant. English Simon, Richard, 1638-1712.; Lovell, Archibald. 1685 (1685) Wing S3797; ESTC R39548 108,968 236

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the_o critical_a history_n of_o the_o religion_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o eastern_a nation_n write_a in_o french_a by_o the_o learned_a father_n simon_n and_o now_o do_v into_o english_a by_o a._n lovell_z a._n m._n london_n print_v by_o j._n heptinstall_n for_o henry_n faithorne_n and_o john_n kersey_n at_o the_o rose_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n mdclxxxv_o the_o translator_n to_o the_o reader_n if_o at_o anytime_n a_o book_n of_o this_o nature_n have_v be_v useful_a it_o seem_v now_o to_o be_v necessary_a when_o most_o man_n think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o make_v a_o bustle_n for_o proselyte_v other_o to_o their_o opinion_n and_o yet_o be_v not_o certain_a wherein_o they_o differ_v one_o from_o another_o or_o how_o far_o they_o agree_v together_o difference_n will_v still_o be_v difference_n though_o to_o use_v a_o word_n well_o know_v at_o this_o time_n it_o may_v be_v trim_v under_o a_o disguise_n of_o conformity_n and_o therefore_o to_o prevent_v the_o mistake_n and_o disappointment_n that_o those_o who_o labour_v about_o so_o good_a a_o work_n as_o the_o unite_n of_o christian_n under_o one_o and_o the_o same_o belief_n may_v meet_v with_o from_o prejudice_n interest_n or_o artifice_n perhaps_o not_o one_o thing_n may_v be_v more_o effectual_a than_o the_o true_a state_v of_o the_o faith_n and_o opinion_n of_o other_o who_o if_o they_o be_v ingenuous_a will_v never_o be_v complemented_a out_o of_o their_o persuasion_n nor_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o friend_n who_o will_v impose_v upon_o they_o for_o friendship_n sake_n what_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o their_o principle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v indeed_o that_o all_o man_n be_v of_o one_o mind_n if_o providence_n which_o govern_v the_o world_n think_v it_o convenient_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o but_o since_o it_o have_v be_v foretell_v that_o offence_n must_v come_v it_o be_v to_o be_v desire_v at_o least_o that_o all_o know_v the_o mind_n one_o of_o another_o that_o so_o they_o may_v right_o 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ever_o since_o entertain_v that_o belief_n see_v no_o attempt_n be_v ever_o use_v before_o the_o reformation_n to_o convince_v they_o of_o the_o contrary_n since_o then_o the_o only_a design_n of_o this_o book_n be_v to_o relate_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o to_o clear_v the_o truth_n from_o mistake_n i_o question_v not_o but_o that_o it_o will_v be_v so_o well_o take_v that_o even_o those_o ingenious_a person_n who_o have_v assert_v in_o print_n some_o thing_n which_o they_o will_v find_v here_o contradict_v may_v not_o dislike_v what_o i_o have_v do_v who_o be_o very_o careful_a not_o to_o offend_v in_o any_o thing_n against_o the_o public_a in_o set_v it_o forth_o in_o english_a and_o since_o they_o or_o their_o friend_n want_v not_o learn_v to_o defend_v the_o truth_n they_o can_v be_v suspect_v to_o want_v modesty_n and_o sincerity_n if_o convince_v to_o acknowledge_v a_o mistake_n a._n lovell_z a_o table_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n and_o of_o the_o piece_n subjoin_v to_o it_o chap._n i._o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o modern_a greek_n page_n 1._o chap._n ii_o of_o transubstantiation_n whether_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o greek_n who_o be_v common_o call_v schismatic_n p._n 33._o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o adoration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o greek_n p._n 57_o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o melchites_n p._n 61._o chap._n v._o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o georgian_n or_o iberian_o and_o of_o those_o of_o colchis_n or_o mengrelia_n p._n 64._o chap._n vi_o a_o supplement_n concern_v the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o georgian_n and_o mengrelian_o p._n 70._o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o nestorian_n p._n 74._o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o indian_n or_o christian_n of_o st._n thomas_n p._n 87._o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o custom_n and_o ceremony_n of_o the_o jacobite_n p._n 106._o chap._n x._o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o cophties_n p._n 110._o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o abyssins_n or_o ethiopian_n p._n 118._o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o armenian_n p._n 123._o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o maronites_n p._n 131._o chap._n fourteen_o a_o supplement_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v the_o maronites_n p._n 144._o chap._n xv._o of_o the_o religion_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o mahometan_n p._n 148._o a_o list_n of_o the_o church_n depend_v on_o the_o patriarchate_o of_o constantinople_n compose_v by_o nilus_n doxopatrius_fw-la and_o relate_v by_o leo_n allatius_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr cons_n eccl._n occid_n &_o orien_n c._n 24._o p._n 165_o another_o list_n of_o the_o church_n depend_v on_o the_o patriarchate_o of_o constantinople_n publish_v by_o mr._n smith_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n p._n 171._o the_o testimony_n of_o gennadius_n concern_v transubstantiation_n take_v out_o of_o a_o manuscript_n book_n of_o meletius_n syrigus_n against_o the_o confession_n of_o faith_n publish_v under_o the_o name_n of_o cyrillus_n lucaris_n patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n p._n 174._o a_o extract_v from_o a_o manuscript_n book_n whereof_o the_o title_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n p._n 176._o a_o extract_v of_o m._n claude_n copy_n of_o a_o manuscript_n letter_n attribute_v to_o meletius_n archbishop_n of_o ephesus_n and_o pretend_v to_o have_v be_v write_v to_o some_o divine_n of_o leyden_n p._n 183._o a_o list_n of_o the_o church_n depend_v on_o the_o patriarch_n of_o armenia_n reside_v at_o egmiathin_n which_o be_v dictate_v by_o uscan_a bishop_n of_o uscavanch_n proctor_n general_n to_o the_o patriarch_n p._n 184._o the_o critical_a history_n of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o eastern_a nation_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o
enough_o to_o square_v their_o conscience_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o christian_a morality_n but_o the_o ignorance_n and_o poverty_n wherein_o they_o be_v at_o present_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o disorder_n which_o nevertheless_o the_o virtuous_a man_n among_o they_o prevent_v asmuch_o as_o they_o can_v as_o the_o patriarch_n jeremy_n who_o open_o const_n open_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d jerom._n patr._n const_n reprove_v confessor_n who_o make_v a_o traffic_n of_o holy_a thing_n and_o exact_a present_n he_o say_v that_o such_o deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o god_n and_o that_o when_o he_o find_v any_o among_o his_o people_n he_o chastise_v they_o and_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o office_n as_o to_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n they_o conform_v not_o in_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o prescript_n of_o their_o canon_n for_o instance_n they_o observe_v not_o exact_o the_o age_n that_o be_v require_v for_o priesthood_n and_o episcopacy_n beside_o they_o mind_v but_o 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〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o ornament_n to_o it_o their_o way_n of_o live_v according_a to_o the_o same_o author_n be_v very_o austere_a because_o they_o never_o eat_v flesh_n though_o they_o be_v not_o engage_v to_o that_o by_o any_o vow_n but_o only_o by_o custom_n which_o they_o never_o violate_v none_o of_o they_o ever_o sleep_v more_o than_o four_o hour_n and_o some_o but_o two_o they_o go_v to_o prayer_n in_o the_o church_n thrice_o a_o day_n and_o they_o who_o apply_v themselves_o not_o to_o study_v work_n with_o their_o hand_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o monastery_n where_o all_o sort_n of_o workman_n may_v not_o be_v find_v 8._o find_v leo_fw-la allat_n de_fw-fr consens_fw-la eccl._n occid_n &_o orient_a l._n 3_o c._n 8._o leo_fw-la allatius_n treat_v more_o at_o large_a of_o the_o greek_n monk_n that_o be_v nowadays_o in_o the_o levant_n and_o that_o very_o exact_o which_o oblige_v i_o to_o give_v here_o a_o abridgement_n of_o what_o he_o have_v observe_v though_o 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for_o one_o be_v of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o great_a and_o angelical_a habit_n who_o be_v of_o a_o degree_n more_o elevate_v and_o perfect_v than_o the_o rest_n and_o profess_v a_o more_o perfect_a way_n of_o live_v these_o be_v in_o great_a number_n the_o other_o who_o be_v of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o little_a habit_n otherways_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v of_o a_o inferior_a rank_n and_o lead_v not_o so_o perfect_a a_o life_n the_o second_o which_o be_v name_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d live_v according_a as_o they_o please_v themselves_o as_o their_o name_n do_v import_v and_o therefore_o before_o they_o take_v the_o habit_n they_o give_v some_o money_n for_o a_o cell_n and_o some_o other_o necessary_n of_o the_o monastery_n the_o yeoman_n of_o the_o cellar_n or_o butler_n furnish_v they_o with_o bread_n and_o wine_n as_o he_o do_v the_o rest_n and_o so_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o monastery_n they_o mind_v their_o own_o business_n these_o last_o leave_n by_o will_n what_o they_o possess_v aswell_o within_o as_o without_o the_o monastery_n to_o their_o servant_n or_o companion_n who_o they_o call_v disciple_n and_o who_o they_o have_v choose_v from_o among_o the_o monk_n to_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o occasion_n this_o man_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o other_o by_o his_o management_n improve_v the_o good_n that_o he_o have_v inherit_v and_o leaf_n by_o will_n what_o he_o have_v purchase_v to_o he_o who_o he_o have_v choose_v for_o his_o companion_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o good_n which_o he_o possess_v that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o his_o master_n leave_v he_o when_o he_o die_v fall_v to_o the_o monastery_n which_o afterward_o sell_v they_o to_o those_o that_o please_v to_o purchase_v nevertheless_o among_o these_o last_o monk_n there_o be_v some_o so_o
that_o the_o same_o mar_n abraham_n have_v be_v oblige_v by_o the_o pope_n brief_a and_o more_o by_o the_o fear_n that_o he_o have_v of_o the_o viceroy_n who_o give_v he_o a_o passport_n to_o repair_v to_o a_o council_n he_o there_o again_o abjure_v all_o these_o error_n and_o make_v profession_n of_o the_o roman_n catholic_n faith_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v he_o come_v back_o to_o his_o church_n but_o that_o he_o teach_v nestorianism_n as_o before_o and_o even_o write_v to_o his_o patriarch_n of_o babylon_n that_o the_o portuguese_n have_v force_v he_o to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o synod_n of_o goa_n the_o sequel_n of_o that_o history_n discover_v more_o plain_o the_o violence_n use_v by_o the_o portuguese_a towards_o the_o nestorian_n to_o bring_v they_o to_o a_o union_n with_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o to_o oblige_v they_o to_o subscribe_v to_o the_o confession_n of_o faith_n of_o pius_n iu._n which_o happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o alexis_n de_fw-fr meneses_n archbishop_n of_o goa_n who_o go_v into_o the_o indies_n with_o a_o brief_a of_o clement_n viii_o to_o inform_v against_o mar_n abraham_n in_o that_o whole_a relation_n there_o appear_v great_a zeal_n in_o the_o nestorian_a christian_n of_o that_o country_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o faith_n which_o they_o pretend_v to_o retain_v as_o be_v once_o deliver_v unto_o they_o by_o st._n thomas_n in_o so_o much_o that_o they_o put_v their_o hand_n before_o their_o eye_n at_o the_o mass_n of_o the_o latin_n when_o the_o priest_n elevate_v the_o host_n to_o be_v adore_v by_o those_o that_o be_v present_a above_o all_o they_o show_v themselves_o zealous_a for_o their_o patriarch_n of_o babylon_n and_o when_o they_o be_v ask_v whether_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o head_n of_o the_o church_n they_o make_v answer_v that_o he_o be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v a_o particular_a church_n otherwise_o call_v the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o not_o of_o the_o church_n of_o st._n thomas_n as_o be_v independent_a one_o of_o another_o which_o they_o obstinate_o maintain_v they_o moreover_o resolute_o withstand_v the_o sacrament_n of_o confirmation_n which_o archbishop_n meneses_n will_v have_v administer_v unto_o they_o and_o they_o accuse_v he_o of_o envy_n and_o ambition_n allege_v that_o he_o endeavour_v to_o overturn_v the_o religion_n of_o st._n thomas_n to_o make_v they_o embrace_v that_o of_o rome_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o that_o artifice_n he_o may_v remain_v absolute_a master_n of_o all_o the_o church_n of_o the_o indies_n and_o therefore_o say_v they_o that_o archbishop_n calumniate_v the_o patriarch_n of_o babylon_n protest_v however_o that_o they_o will_v persevere_v in_o submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o their_o patriarch_n and_o that_o they_o will_v never_o forsake_v their_o religion_n to_o embrace_v that_o of_o rome_n notwithstanding_o all_o these_o opposition_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o nestorian_n archbishop_n meneses_n still_o persist_v to_o inculcate_v to_o they_o that_o their_o patriarch_n be_v a_o heretic_n and_o excommunicate_v and_o that_o therefore_o they_o can_v not_o pray_v for_o he_o this_o he_o do_v so_o vigorous_o spare_v neither_o pain_n nor_o money_n that_o at_o length_n he_o soften_v they_o sometime_o he_o use_v violence_n and_o be_v therefore_o often_o in_o danger_n of_o his_o life_n for_o under_o pretext_n that_o he_o have_v full_a power_n from_o the_o pope_n he_o exercise_v his_o jurisdiction_n in_o all_o place_n without_o mind_v the_o ordinary_n of_o the_o place_n even_o before_o they_o have_v acknowledge_v his_o character_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n that_o envoy_n of_o the_o pope_n plant_v the_o roman_a religion_n in_o that_o country_n and_o spare_v no_o mean_n to_o accomplish_v his_o design_n he_o give_v order_n in_o spite_n of_o the_o diocesan_n bishop_n and_o make_v those_o who_o he_o ordain_v first_o abjure_v the_o error_n of_o the_o nestorian_n beside_o the_o confession_n of_o faith_n they_o who_o enter_v into_o order_n be_v oblige_v to_o swear_v obedience_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o to_o acknowledge_v no_o other_o bishop_n but_o such_o as_o be_v send_v from_o he_o but_o let_v we_o now_o come_v to_o the_o error_n of_o which_o meneses_n accuse_v the_o christian_n of_o st._n thomas_n i._o 20._o i._o hist_o orient_n des_fw-fr progr_fw-fr d'_fw-fr alexis_n meneses_n chap._n 20._o they_o obstinate_o maintain_v the_o error_n of_o nestorius_n and_o beside_o that_o they_o receive_v no_o image_n admit_v only_o the_o cross_n which_o they_o much_o honour_v nevertheless_o there_o be_v image_n of_o some_o saint_n in_o church_n adjacent_a to_o the_o portugese_n ii_o they_o affirm_v that_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o saint_n do_v not_o see_v god_n before_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n iii_o they_o acknowledge_v but_o three_o sacrament_n to_o wit_n baptism_n order_n and_o the_o eucharist_n and_o in_o the_o form_n of_o baptism_n there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o abuse_n among_o they_o that_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o church_n different_a form_n of_o baptism_n be_v in_o use_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o it_o happen_v often_o that_o the_o baptism_n be_v null_a so_o that_o archbishop_n meneses_n secret_o rebaptised_a most_o part_n of_o that_o people_n there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a many_o especial_o the_o poor_a who_o live_v in_o the_o wood_n who_o have_v never_o be_v baptize_v because_o baptism_n cost_v money_n and_o nevertheless_o though_o they_o have_v never_o be_v baptize_v yet_o they_o go_v to_o church_n and_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n beside_o they_o often_o enough_o delay_v baptism_n for_o several_a month_n nay_o and_o for_o several_a year_n iv_o they_o make_v no_o use_n of_o holy_a oil_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o baptism_n unless_o that_o find_n in_o their_o ritual_n that_o there_o be_v mention_n make_v of_o anoint_v after_o baptism_n they_o anoint_v child_n with_o a_o unguent_n make_v of_o indian_a nut_n without_o any_o benediction_n and_o they_o esteem_v that_o unction_n holy_a v._o they_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o confirmation_n nor_o extreme_a unction_n nay_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o name_n of_o they_o vi_o they_o abominate_v auricular_a confession_n except_o a_o few_o that_o be_v neighbour_n to_o the_o portuguese_n and_o as_o to_o the_o eucharist_n they_o communicate_v on_o holy_a thursday_n and_o many_o other_o festival-day_n without_o other_o preparation_n than_o come_v to_o the_o sacrament_n fast_v vii_o their_o book_n be_v full_a of_o considerable_a error_n and_o in_o their_o mass_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o addition_n insert_v by_o the_o nestorian_n viii_o they_o consecrate_v with_o little_a cake_n make_v with_o oil_n and_o salt_n which_o the_o deacon_n and_o other_o churchman_n who_o be_v but_o in_o inferior_a order_n bake_v in_o a_o copper_n vessel_n have_v for_o that_o purpose_n a_o separate_a place_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o little_a tower_n and_o whilst_o the_o cake_n be_v a_o bake_n they_o sing_v several_a psalm_n and_o hymn_n and_o when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o consecrate_v through_o a_o hole_n that_o be_v in_o the_o floor_n of_o that_o little_a tower_n they_o let_v the_o cake_n in_o a_o little_a basket_n make_v of_o leave_n slide_v down_o upon_o the_o altar_n moreover_o they_o make_v use_v of_o wine_n make_v of_o water_n in_o which_o some_o dry_a grape_n have_v only_o be_v infuse_v ix_o they_o say_v mass_n but_o very_o seldom_o and_o he_o that_o serve_v at_o it_o wear_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o steal_v over_o his_o ordinary_a clothes_n though_o he_o be_v not_o a_o deacon_n he_o have_v always_o the_o censer_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o say_v almost_o as_o many_o prayer_n as_o he_o that_o celebrate_v add_v thereto_o many_o unknown_a and_o impious_a ceremony_n x._o they_o have_v so_o great_a a_o veneration_n for_o order_n that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o family_n where_o some_o body_n be_v not_o in_o order_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o be_v because_o as_o order_n make_v they_o not_o incapable_a of_o other_o employment_n so_o they_o have_v every_o where_o the_o precedence_n beside_o they_o observe_v not_o the_o age_n requisite_a for_o priesthood_n and_o the_o other_o order_n for_o they_o make_v priest_n at_o the_o age_n of_o 17_o 18._o and_o 20._o year_n and_o when_o they_o be_v priest_n they_o marry_v even_o with_o widow_n and_o past_a to_o second_v or_o three_o marriage_n the_o priest_n wife_n have_v some_o place_n before_o other_o aswell_o in_o the_o church_n as_o elsewhere_o and_o they_o be_v to_o be_v know_v by_o a_o cross_n which_o they_o carry_v about_o their_o neck_n or_o some_o other_o thing_n that_o distinguish_v they_o xi_o they_o go_v daily_o to_o church_n to_o read_v the_o liturgy_n aloud_o in_o the_o chaldaic_a tongue_n but_o they_o do_v not_o think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o repeat_v it_o elsewhere_o neither_o have_v they_o any_o breviaries_n for_o say_v it_o in_o private_a
holy_a ghost_n proceed_v only_o from_o the_o father_n that_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o saint_n decease_v go_v not_o to_o heaven_n nor_o those_o of_o the_o damn_a to_o hell_n before_o the_o last_o day_n of_o judgement_n that_o there_o be_v no_o place_n call_v purgatory_n and_o hell_n and_o that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v no_o supremacy_n over_o other_o church_n he_o far_o add_v that_o the_o armenian_n detest_v the_o memory_n of_o pope_n leo_n and_o of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n that_o they_o observe_v not_o the_o festival_n of_o our_o lord_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n nor_o fast_n according_a to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n that_o they_o acknowledge_v not_o seven_o sacrament_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o use_v not_o confirmation_n nor_o extreme_a unction_n and_o more_o that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o real_a essece_n of_o the_o other_o sacrament_n that_o at_o mass_n they_o put_v no_o water_n into_o the_o chalice_n that_o they_o pretend_v that_o the_o eucharist_n be_v not_o to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o people_n but_o in_o both_o kind_n he_o object_n to_o they_o also_o their_o custom_n of_o consecrate_v in_o wooden_a and_o earthen_a chalice_n that_o all_o priest_n indifferent_o give_v absolution_n for_o all_o sin_n there_o be_v no_o reserve_a case_n among_o they_o that_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o two_o patriarch_n who_o several_o take_v the_o title_n of_o patriarch_n of_o all_o armenia_n that_o the_o curate_n and_o bishop_n succeed_v to_o one_o another_o as_o if_o their_o dignity_n be_v inheritance_n that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v among_o they_o that_o divorce_n be_v give_v for_o money_n without_o any_o reason_n that_o they_o make_v no_o holy_a oil_n for_o baptism_n and_o extreme_a unction_n and_o that_o in_o fine_a they_o give_v the_o communion_n to_o child_n before_o they_o attain_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n from_o this_o whole_a catalogue_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o armenian_a who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o these_o pretend_a error_n be_v latinize_v for_o as_o we_o have_v observe_v before_o most_o part_n of_o these_o opinion_n be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o christian_n of_o the_o east_n in_o the_o manner_n as_o we_o have_v explain_v they_o when_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o greek_n the_o armenian_n be_v indeed_o to_o be_v blame_v that_o they_o be_v too_o scrupulous_o addict_v to_o certain_a fast_n which_o they_o have_v in_o great_a number_n and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o exact_o enough_o instruct_v in_o the_o mystery_n of_o religion_n there_o be_v none_o in_o the_o eastern_a church_n that_o set_v a_o great_a value_n upon_o fast_n than_o the_o armenian_n and_o to_o hear_v they_o speak_v one_o will_v say_v that_o their_o whole_a religion_n consist_v in_o fast_v as_o to_o their_o obstinate_a perseverance_n in_o celebrate_v the_o festival_n of_o our_o lord_n nativity_n and_o the_o epiphany_n always_o on_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n they_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v unblamable_a therein_o because_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n long_o practise_v in_o the_o church_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o epiphany_n or_o apparition_n of_o our_o lord_n be_v proper_o nothing_o but_o his_o birth_n the_o title_n of_o master_n or_o doctor_n be_v so_o great_a among_o the_o armenian_n that_o they_o give_v it_o with_o the_o same_o ceremony_n that_o they_o confer_v order_n rom._n order_n galan_n in_o council_n eccles_n armen_n cum_fw-la rom._n and_o they_o say_v that_o that_o dignity_n imitate_v the_o title_n of_o our_o lord_n who_o be_v call_v rabbi_n or_o master_n these_o be_v the_o doctor_n who_o be_v consult_v in_o point_n of_o religion_n and_o who_o decide_v in_o they_o the_o bishop_n be_v look_v upon_o rather_o as_o person_n proper_a for_o administer_a order_n than_o as_o doctor_n these_o be_v also_o the_o doctor_n who_o preach_v in_o the_o church_n and_o who_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o difference_n that_o happen_v betwixt_o private_a person_n in_o a_o word_n they_o hold_v the_o same_o rank_n among_o they_o as_o the_o rabbin_n do_v among_o the_o jew_n the_o monastic_a order_n have_v be_v also_o in_o great_a reputation_n among_o the_o armenian_n since_o the_o time_n that_o nierse_v one_o of_o their_o patriarch_n introduce_v that_o of_o st._n basil_n but_o since_o their_o reunion_n with_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n they_o have_v whole_o alter_v their_o rule_n accommodate_v themselves_o to_o that_o of_o the_o latin_n and_o the_o armenian_n who_o we_o mention_v before_o to_o have_v make_v a_o catalogue_n of_o error_n which_o he_o impute_v to_o his_o nation_n be_v come_v to_o rome_n make_v a_o vow_n that_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o return_v home_o into_o the_o east_n he_o and_o his_o companion_n will_v live_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n austin_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o st._n dominick_n one_o bartholomew_n a_o monk_n of_o st._n dominick_n be_v the_o first_o that_o give_v occasion_n to_o this_o reformation_n not_o only_o in_o religion_n but_o monachism_n he_o make_v great_a progress_n in_o armenia_n in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n john_n xxii_o have_v by_o his_o preach_v draw_v many_o monk_n over_o to_o his_o party_n who_o be_v useful_a to_o he_o in_o reunite_a the_o two_o church_n about_o that_o time_n be_v the_o order_n of_o st._n dominick_n settle_v in_o armenia_n and_o these_o monk_n be_v call_v unite_v friar_n because_o of_o the_o new_a reunion_n this_o order_n which_o be_v only_o establish_v to_o destroy_v the_o ancient_n get_v in_o a_o short_a time_n great_a reputation_n insomuch_o that_o the_o unite_a friar_n build_v monastery_n not_o only_o in_o armenia_n and_o georgia_n but_o also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o euxine_a sea_n especial_o at_o caffa_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o genoese_a but_o since_o the_o turk_n and_o persian_n be_v become_v master_n of_o that_o country_n the_o number_n of_o the_o unite_a friar_n be_v much_o decrease_v and_o there_o remain_v but_o a_o few_o of_o they_o at_o present_a who_o have_v retire_v into_o the_o province_n of_o nascivan_n in_o the_o great_a armenia_n where_o be_v at_o length_n reduce_v to_o utmost_a extremity_n they_o have_v unite_v themselves_o with_o the_o dominican_n monk_n of_o europe_n and_o be_v at_o present_a subject_n to_o the_o general_n of_o that_o order_n who_o send_v thither_o a_o superior_a provincial_n they_o perform_v their_o office_n in_o the_o armenian_a language_n which_o be_v a_o rough_a tongue_n and_o but_o little_o know_v yet_o the_o modern_a armenian_a be_v different_a from_o the_o ancient_n and_o the_o people_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o understand_v the_o liturgy_n and_o other_o office_n that_o be_v write_v in_o armenian_n they_o have_v the_o whole_a bible_n also_o translate_v into_o their_o language_n and_o that_o from_o the_o septuagint_n greek_n this_o translation_n of_o the_o bible_n be_v make_v about_o the_o time_n of_o st._n john_n chrysostome_n by_o some_o of_o their_o doctor_n who_o have_v learned_a the_o greek_a language_n and_o among_o other_o by_o one_o name_v moses_n the_o grammarian_n and_o another_o call_v david_n the_o philosopher_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o armenian_n make_v one_o mesrop_n and_o holy_a hermit_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o their_o character_n who_o invent_v they_o in_o the_o town_n of_o balu_n near_o euphrates_n and_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o st._n john_n chrysostome_n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o belief_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o maronites_n the_o jesuit_n apostolica_fw-la jesuit_n girolamo_n dandini_n nella_fw-it sva_fw-la missione_n apostolica_fw-la dandini_n who_o be_v send_v by_o clement_n vii_o in_o quality_n of_o nuncio_n to_o the_o maronites_n of_o mount_n libanus_n have_v write_v a_o relation_n of_o his_o travel_n in_o italian_a which_o have_v be_v late_o translate_v into_o french_a with_o note_n declare_v at_o large_a the_o religion_n of_o those_o people_n see_v the_o author_n of_o these_o note_n have_v play_v the_o critic_n upon_o the_o mistake_v of_o that_o jesuit_n and_o of_o many_o other_o who_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o maronites_n i_o think_v i_o can_v not_o do_v better_o than_o here_o to_o give_v a_o abridgement_n aswell_o of_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o jesuit_n dandini_n as_o of_o the_o critical_a remark_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v learn_v the_o belief_n and_o present_a state_n of_o those_o people_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o know_v exact_o the_o original_a of_o the_o maronites_n they_o who_o bear_v that_o name_n pretend_v they_o derive_v it_o from_o one_o maron_n a_o abbot_n who_o life_n theodoret_n have_v write_v and_o who_o live_v about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o five_o century_n this_o opinion_n which_o be_v follow_v by_o brerewood_n be_v strong_o confirm_v by_o the_o jesuit_n societ_fw-la jesuit_n sacchini_n in_o hist_o societ_fw-la sacchini_n who_o pretend_v aswell_o as_o the_o modern_a marcnites_n do_v that_o
sing_v after_o dinner_n vesper_n at_o sun_n set_v and_o at_o last_o their_o compline_n after_o supper_n before_o they_o go_v to_o bed_n every_o office_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o preface_n of_o two_o three_o and_o sometime_o more_o prayer_n with_o a_o like_a number_n of_o hymn_n betwixt_o they_o they_o have_v moreover_o proper_a office_n for_o holy_a day_n lent_n the_o movable_a feast_n and_o for_o other_o day_n the_o priest_n and_o other_o churchman_n who_o be_v in_o holy_a order_n think_v not_o themselves_o oblige_v to_o say_v the_o office_n when_o they_o can_v be_v present_a in_o the_o choir_n unless_o it_o be_v since_o the_o latin_n have_v think_v fit_a to_o oblige_v they_o to_o it_o their_o fast_n differ_v much_o from_o we_o they_o only_o observe_v lend_v and_o then_o they_o do_v not_o eat_v till_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n before_o sun_n set_v they_o fast_v not_o in_o the_o emberweek_n nor_o in_o the_o vigil_n of_o saint_n or_o of_o any_o other_o festival_n but_o instead_o of_o that_o they_o have_v other_o abstinence_n which_o they_o strict_o observe_v for_o they_o eat_v no_o flesh_n egg_n nor_o milk_n two_o day_n of_o the_o week_n to_o wit_n wednesday_n and_o friday_n and_o on_o these_o two_o day_n they_o taste_v not_o of_o any_o thing_n before_o noon_n but_o afterward_o every_o one_o be_v free_a to_o eat_v asmuch_o and_n as_o often_o as_o he_o please_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n they_o fast_o twenty_o day_n before_o christmas_n and_o the_o monk_n prolong_v that_o fast_o at_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n they_o all_o fast_o during_o a_o fortnight_n and_o as_o long_o at_o the_o festival_n of_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o virgin_n bishop_n expect_v not_o the_o emberweek_n for_o confer_v of_o order_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o latin_a church_n but_o they_o administer_v they_o indifferent_o on_o all_o holy_a day_n and_o before_o the_o late_a reformation_n be_v bring_v in_o among_o they_o they_o give_v in_o one_o day_n to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n the_o order_n of_o lector_fw-la exorcist_n acolyte_n subdeacon_n deacon_n priest_n archpriest_n and_o bishop_n and_o all_o in_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n time_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v also_o that_o they_o use_v as_o many_o ceremony_n in_o make_v a_o archpriest_n as_o in_o confer_v other_o order_n and_o it_o seem_v they_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o order_n distinct_a from_o the_o rest_n they_o keep_v no_o water_n in_o their_o baptisinal_n font_n that_o have_v be_v blessed_v on_o holy_a saturday_n for_o administer_a the_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o latin_a church_n but_o as_o often_o as_o any_o be_v present_v to_o be_v baptize_v they_o bless_v the_o water_n by_o say_v a_o great_a many_o prayer_n then_o they_o dip_v the_o person_n to_o be_v baptize_v three_o time_n in_o the_o water_n or_o besprinkle_v it_o thrice_o therewith_o it_o be_v first_o a_o little_a warm_v yet_o they_o pronounce_v but_o once_o the_o necessary_a word_n when_o they_o name_v the_o person_n they_o make_v no_o use_n of_o salt_n but_o they_o anoint_v not_o only_o the_o head_n but_o also_o the_o breast_n with_o their_o open_a hand_n they_o anoint_v also_o the_o body_n before_o and_o behind_o from_o head_n to_o foot_n and_o beside_o that_o unction_n which_o be_v perform_v before_o baptism_n they_o have_v another_o also_o after_o which_o be_v proper_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o oriental_n but_o since_o their_o reconciliation_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n they_o have_v abolish_v it_o that_o they_o may_v administer_v the_o sacrament_n of_o confirmation_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o latin_n heretofore_o they_o take_v no_o great_a care_n to_o confess_v before_o the_o communion_n but_o the_o emissary_n of_o rome_n have_v oblige_v they_o to_o it_o at_o present_a all_o the_o priest_n also_o be_v equal_a in_o jurisdiction_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o penance_n before_o their_o reformation_n there_o be_v no_o case_n reserve_v to_o the_o patriarch_n and_o bishop_n neither_o before_o that_o time_n do_v they_o use_v great_a reverence_n towards_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n which_o they_o keep_v in_o their_o church_n without_o any_o lamp-light_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o little_a box_n and_o hide_v in_o a_o hole_n in_o the_o wall_n or_o in_o some_o other_o place_n nor_o do_v they_o then_o publish_v their_o marriage_n in_o church_n before_o the_o ceremony_n be_v celebrate_v nay_o and_o for_o that_o they_o take_v all_o sort_n of_o priest_n indifferent_o not_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o curate_n there_o be_v beside_o some_o who_o marry_v before_o the_o age_n of_o 12._o and_o 14._o year_n and_o as_o to_o the_o impediment_n of_o marriage_n they_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o present_a practice_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n for_o in_o count_v the_o degree_n of_o kindred_n they_o reckon_v not_o only_o from_o the_o head_n and_o first_o of_o the_o line_n but_o think_v also_o that_o two_o branch_n spring_v from_o the_o stock_n as_o two_o brother_n be_v make_v two_o degree_n so_o that_o imagine_v they_o marry_v not_o but_o in_o the_o six_o degree_n they_o marry_v in_o effect_n in_o the_o three_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o hold_v that_o for_o a_o impediment_n which_o be_v none_o for_o they_o suffer_v not_o two_o brother_n to_o marry_v two_o sister_n nor_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n to_o marry_v the_o mother_n and_o the_o daughter_n they_o practise_v a_o certain_a unction_n for_o the_o sick_a which_o they_o call_v lamp_n because_o in_o reality_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o lamp-oil_n for_o it_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o make_v a_o little_a cake_n somewhat_o big_a than_o a_o host_n wherein_o they_o put_v seven_o match_n twist_v of_o little_a straw_n and_o place_n all_o in_o a_o basin_n with_o oil_n then_o read_v a_o gospel_n and_o a_o epistle_n out_o of_o st._n paul_n with_o some_o prayer_n they_o light_v all_o the_o match_n that_o be_v do_v they_o anoint_v with_o the_o oil_n the_o forehead_n breast_n and_o arm_n of_o all_o that_o be_v present_a and_o of_o he_o who_o be_v sick_a say_v at_o every_o unction_n by_o this_o unction_n god_n pardon_v thy_o sin_n strengthen_v and_o corroborate_v thy_o member_n as_o he_o strengthen_v and_o corroborate_v those_o of_o the_o paralytic_a afterward_o they_o let_v the_o lamp_n burn_v so_o long_o as_o the_o oil_n last_v and_o see_v that_o oil_n have_v only_o be_v bless_v by_o a_o simple_a priest_n many_o have_v believe_v that_o that_o ceremony_n be_v not_o the_o sacrament_n of_o extreme_a unction_n since_o it_o be_v administer_v to_o those_o who_o be_v not_o dangerous_o sick_a but_o they_o who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o oriental_a theology_n will_v easy_o be_v persuade_v that_o those_o people_n have_v no_o other_o sacrament_n of_o extreme_a unction_n before_o the_o latin_n reform_v they_o nor_o indeed_o be_v the_o word_n extreme_a unction_n any_o where_n in_o use_n but_o among_o the_o latin_n because_o they_o anoint_v not_o the_o sick_a but_o when_o they_o be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n a_o thing_n not_o observe_v among_o the_o christian_n of_o the_o east_n before_o i_o conclude_v this_o discourse_n concern_v the_o maronites_n i_o will_v here_o subjoin_v a_o abstract_n of_o what_o sainte_n what_o p._n besson_n syrie_n sainte_n father_n besson_n the_o jesuit_n have_v observe_v in_o his_o book_n entitle_v la_n syrie_n sainte_n where_o he_o chief_o speak_v of_o the_o maronites_n who_o inhabit_v that_o part_n of_o mount_n libanus_n which_o be_v call_v quesroan_n this_o jesuit_n think_v that_o the_o maronites_n derive_v their_o name_n from_o st._n maron_n a_o syrian_a abbot_n and_o not_o from_o maron_n the_o heresiarch_n and_o among_o other_o argument_n that_o he_o allege_v to_o prove_v this_o he_o say_v that_o the_o maronites_n have_v be_v accustom_v after_o that_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n have_v choose_v a_o patriarch_n to_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o pope_n for_o obtain_v his_o confirmation_n but_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v mind_v that_o they_o have_v no_o recourse_n to_o the_o pope_n before_o their_o strict_a conjunction_n with_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n he_o far_o add_v that_o johannes_n damascenus_n can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o maronites_n if_o they_o have_v real_o be_v heretic_n because_o he_o be_v their_o neighbour_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o list_n that_o he_o make_v of_o heresy_n he_o speak_v not_o of_o they_o but_o that_o be_v needless_a see_v they_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o monothelite_n the_o same_o author_n in_o a_o few_o word_n take_v notice_n of_o what_o the_o jesuit_n dandini_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o society_n have_v do_v among_o the_o maronites_n which_o we_o have_v mention_v more_o full_o with_o necessary_a reflection_n on_o
it_o all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v be_v that_o that_o emissary_n jesuit_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v silly_a than_o the_o rest_n when_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o maronites_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o credit_n to_o be_v give_v to_o a_o miracle_n which_o he_o relate_v as_o a_o evident_a proof_n of_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n of_o the_o maronites_n he_o affirm_v that_o three_o mile_n from_o cannubin_n near_o to_o a_o village_n call_v eden_n there_o be_v a_o metropolitan_a church_n that_o go_v by_o the_o name_n of_o st._n sergius_n and_o that_o above_o that_o church_n there_o be_v a_o chapel_n dedicate_v to_o st._n abdon_n and_o st._n sennan_n where_o there_o be_v a_o fountain_n of_o spring-water_n which_o run_v under_o the_o altar_n during_o mass_n the_o day_n on_o which_o the_o festival_n of_o those_o two_o saint_n be_v celebrate_v he_o say_v beside_o that_o though_o that_o feast_n be_v movable_a fall_v always_o on_o the_o first_o sunday_n of_o may_n yet_o there_o be_v never_o any_o change_n in_o the_o course_n of_o that_o fountain_n which_o be_v always_o constant_a to_o the_o first_o sunday_n of_o may_n even_o since_o the_o calendar_n have_v be_v reform_v by_o gregory_n xiii_o but_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o this_o be_v a_o make_v story_n possible_o to_o authorise_v the_o gregorian_a reformation_n of_o the_o calendar_n which_o that_o people_n have_v on_o many_o occasion_n refuse_v to_o admit_v and_o the_o rather_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v supposition_n in_o that_o the_o author_n assure_v we_o that_o that_o fountain_n which_o run_v during_o mass_n send_v forth_o water_n in_o great_a abundance_n when_o the_o priest_n elevate_v the_o host_n not_o mind_v that_o the_o elevation_n be_v not_o in_o use_n among_o the_o maronites_n in_o the_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v practise_v among_o the_o latin_n however_o father_n besson_n relate_v this_o miracle_n as_o a_o evident_a argument_n against_o the_o other_o eastern_a nation_n for_o authorise_v the_o devotion_n which_o the_o maronites_n have_v towards_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o confirm_v the_o reformation_n of_o the_o calendar_n that_o relation_n likewise_o affirm_v that_o the_o maronites_n be_v of_o a_o very_a soft_a and_o sweet_a temper_n and_o that_o they_o give_v good_a word_n at_o least_o promise_v to_o do_v what_o ever_o they_o be_v desire_v that_o it_o be_v often_o in_o their_o mouth_n that_o god_n be_v bountiful_a and_o that_o he_o will_v prosper_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v propose_v to_o they_o and_o that_o they_o frequent_o pronounce_v the_o name_n of_o god_n or_o some_o of_o his_o attribute_n but_o as_o these_o people_n be_v of_o a_o good_a and_o easy_a nature_n add_v the_o same_o author_n so_o they_o be_v also_o very_o inconstant_a after_o they_o have_v hear_v a_o good_a sermon_n you_o shall_v see_v they_o full_o resolve_v to_o be_v convert_v and_o to_o make_v a_o exact_a confession_n of_o their_o sin_n but_o when_o they_o be_v to_o come_v to_o performance_n they_o appear_v insensible_a their_o woman_n be_v indeed_o very_o modest_a but_o the_o great_a they_o be_v in_o quality_n the_o less_o they_o come_v to_o church_n insomuch_o that_o to_o enhance_v the_o quality_n of_o a_o lady_n they_o say_v of_o she_o that_o she_o never_o hear_v mass_n but_o on_o easter-day_n nor_o do_v that_o happen_v yearly_a neither_o when_o a_o maid_n be_v marry_v she_o keep_v at_o home_n two_o year_n without_o go_v to_o mass_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n she_o frequent_v the_o bath_n and_o wedding_n it_o seem_v they_o be_v banish_v the_o church_n as_o the_o mahometan_a woman_n be_v exclude_v the_o mosque_n there_o be_v nevertheless_o a_o monastery_n of_o nun_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n anthony_n who_o be_v hold_v in_o great_a reputation_n of_o sanctity_n their_o whole_a fabric_n be_v hardly_o any_o more_o than_o a_o church_n where_o these_o nun_n be_v lodge_v like_o pigeon_n in_o their_o nest_n in_o little_a 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