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A69794 An accurate description of the United Netherlands, and of the most considerable parts of Germany, Sweden, & Denmark containing a succinct account of what is most remarkable in these countries, and necessary instructions for travellers : together with an exact relation of the entertainment of His Most Sacred Majesty King William at the Hague / written by an English gentleman. English gentleman.; Carr, William, 17th cent. 1691 (1691) Wing C631; Wing E3688; ESTC R20438 82,243 192

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as had on the 27th the Sieur Haxhuysen from the Elector of Saxony March the 5th the Earl of Devonshire Treated the Elector of Brandenburgh the Landtgrave of Hesse the Prince Commercy and divers other Persons of Quality with great Magnificence where His Majesty was pleased to Honour his Lordship with His Presence On the 11th the Duke of Zell arrived at the Hague and the Duke of Wolfembuttel on the 14th During all this time the Congresses had been held almost every day with great Secrecy His Majesty always Honouring them with His Presence when at last the matters being fully Concerted and all Things agreed upon to the mutual Satisfaction of all the Princes this great Council broke up and the Princes returned to their respective Homes to put in execution the Designs here agreed upon the good Effects whereof we doubt not but to see this Campagne notwithstanding the unhappy accident of the loss of Mons. His Majesty having given Orders to all the Troops to be in a readiness to take the Field by the first of April was pleased on the 16th to depart for Loo being accompanied with the Duke of Zell who Rid in the same Coach with Him and lay that Night at the House of Monsieur Zullestein where he was met by the Elector of Bavaria who likewise accompanied His Majesty to Loo where they arrived the next Evening having been Complemented as they passed along with all Demonstrations of Respect and Affection by the City of Utrecht and the several Towns he pass'd through and accompanied every where with the loud Acclamations of the People who were almost overwhelm'd with Joy at the extraordinary Honour they received by the Presence of this most illustrious Monarch But His Majesty had not been long there before he received the unwelcome Tidings of the Siege of Mons an Express arriving at the Hague on the 16th in the Evening that the French Troops had suddenly invested the Town of Mons their Horse having taken Possession of all the Avenues on the 15th of March and that the Foot were marching up with all Diligence The Prince of Stee●huysen and the Marquis Bedmar being sent from the Governor of Flanders arrived at the Hague the 17th and after a short Conference with Prince Waldeck went Post to Loo to give His Majesty an account of the State of the Affair Who being resolved Himself to Head the Army in order to raise the Siege returned to the Hague from whence having dispatched Prince Waldeck with necessary Orders for Flanders set forward Himself the 26th for Brussels the Army in the mean time preparing with all imaginable diligence to Muster at Hall whither His Majesty went on the 6th of April intending to have marched the next day at the Head of the Army which consisted of 30000 Foot and 16000 Horse with a Train of Artillery of 71 pieces of Cannon and 14 Mortars But the Carriages not being all come up was obliged to defer His March for two or three days The French had all this time very vigourously attacked the Outworks of the Town but were as vigourously repulsed by the Besieged to the great loss of the Enemy who paid dearly for what he gained insomuch that it was not doubted but the Town would have been able to have held out till the Army came up to its Relief but the French King who was himself all the while at St. Gislain near the Camp the Dauphin Commanding in Chief according to his old Methods had found means of gaining a Party among the Burghers and Clergy in the Town who prevailing upon the rest by the terrifying Destruction the Bombs and Cannon made in their Houses and persuading them that by a timely Surrender of the Town they might obtain Honourable Conditions made them basely desert the publick Good and altogether unexpectedly even to the French themselves on the 8th of April beat a Parley and sent out three Officers as Hostages for three French Offices who immediately entred the Town to Treat upon Articles of Surrender the Governor the Prince de Bergue oppos'd the Surrender and refus'd to deliver the Gate to the French as the Burghers had agreed endeavouring to disswade them from this their Resolution alledging he could still hold out till the Relief came but all would not do the Burghers wre resolved and they being stronger than the Garison who were all employed in the Outworks the Honourable Governor was forced to submit and about Midnight the Capitulation was Signed on both sides and the next day April the 9th a Gate of the Town was deliver'd up to the French Guards and on the 10th the Garison marched out being about 4000 Foot and 400 Horse with Arms Baggage Drums beating Colours flying six pieces of Cannon two Mortars c. and were conducted to Tubiese a few Miles from Mons towards Brussels The King having received this surprizing News just as he was ready to march to their Relief was forced to alter his Measures and understanding that the French King had seperated his Troops and dispos'd 'em into Garisons and that he with the Dauphin c. were return'd to Versailles broke up the Camp and having sent Reinforcements to Charleroy Aeth Namur and the other Frontier Garisons went to Brussels and from thence to the Hague where he was pleased to Honour the Duke of Zell who was likewise return'd thither from the Camp with the Noble Order of the Garter who was invested with the Garter and George by the King Himself assisted by the Dukes of Norfolk and Ormond and the Earl of Devonshire This was perform'd privately in the Kings Bed-Chamber the 18th of April And the next day Garter King at Arms presented to his Highness the rest of the Ensigns with the whole Habit and Ornaments of the Order which his Highness having Received was pleased to make a very Noble Present to the King at Arms and to all the Retinue he had brought with him upon this Occasion April the 22d His Majesty having taken leave of the States General and been Complimented by them with all the Expressions of sincere Affection took Shiping in the Maese in order to his Return for England and the Wind being fair the next Morning made the English Shore and that Evening viz. April the 13th 1691. O. S. about Eight of the Clock landed at Whitehall having been Saluted by the Fleet as he passed along with all their Guns and the repeated Huzza's of the Seamen who Demonstrated the most extraordinary Joy imaginable and by the Guns of the Forts of Tilbury Gravesend and the Tower also by the Ships that lay in the River and the Joyful Acclamations of the People who crowded in great Numbers upon the Shore and in Boats to see His Majesty and express their Joy upon his happy Return continually Repeating God Save King William and Queen Mary and Prosper their Arms by Sea and Land Thus have we finished our short Journal of His Majesties Voyage into Holland wherein we have been as particular as was convenient and as brief as possible we have all along carefully avoided all manner of Reflections and Animadversions of our own and given only a true Relation of the matter of Fact as it occur'd wherein if we have the good Fortune to please the Reader we have our End FINIS * A Fouder contains 4 Hogsheads
Rubbish that remained was thrown together into a Corner which made up Sweden and Norway And indeed the French seem to have no great liking to the Country whatever kindness they may have for the People for a French Ambassador as an Author of that Country relates being by order of Queen Christina Treated in a Country House four Swedish Miles from Stockholme and upon the rode going and coming with all the Varieties and Pleasures that the Country could afford on purpose to make him have a good Opinion of the same made answer to the Queen who asked him upon his return What he thought of Sweden That were he Master of the whole Country he would presently Sell it and Buy a Farm in France or England which under Favour I think was a little Tart and Sawcy Having stayed a considerable time in Swedeland and most part at Stockholme I set out from thence to go to Elsenbourg by Land and went a little out of my way to see a small City called Eubrone Famous for a Coat of Arms which it got in this manner A certain Masculine Queen of Denmark who had Conquered a great part of Sweden coming to this City asked the Magistrates What was the Arms of their City Who having her that they had none she plucked up her Coats and squatting upon the Snow bid them take the mark she left there for their Arms its pity she did not give them a suitable Motto to it also What that Figure is called in Blazonery I know not but to this Day the City uses it in their Arms and for marking their Commodities This Queen came purposely into Sweden to pay a visit to a brave Woman that opposed a King of Swedeland who in a time of Famine would have put to Death all the Men and Women in his Country above 60 years of Age. The Country all the way I travelled in Swedeland is much of the same quality of the Land about Stockholme until I came near the Province of Schonen which is called the Store-house and Kitchin of Sweden where the Country is far better It was formerly very dangerous to Travel in this Province of Schonen because of the Snaphances who were a kind of Bloody Robbers now utterly destroyed by the King so that it is safe enough Travelling there Entering into Schonen I saw 29 of these Rogues upon Wheels and elsewhere in the Country ten and twenty at several places The King used great severity in destroying of them some he caused to be broken upon the Wheel others Spitted in at the Fundament and out at the Shoulders many had the Flesh pinched off of their Breasts and so were fastened to Stakes till they Died and others again had their Noses and both Hands cut off and being seared with a hot Iron were let go to acquaint their Comrades how they had been served The King is very severe against Highway-Men and Duellers In above a 100 Miles Travelling we found not a House where there was either French Wine or Brandy which made me tell a Swede of our Company who was Travelling to Denmark that I would undertake to shew any Man 500 Houses wherein a Traveller might have Wine and other good Accommodation in the space of an Hundred Miles upon any rode from London There are several small Towns and fertile Land in this Country of Schonen lying upon the S●undt at the narrowest part whereof lies Elsenbourg burnt down by the Danes in the last War Here I crost over to Elsenore the passage being but a League broad The King of Denmark has a Castle at Elsenore which commands the narrow passage of the Soundt where all Ships that enter into or come out of the Baltick Sea must pay Toll Having visited this Castle and staid about a Fortnight with the English Consul and Sir John Paul late Resident at the Court of Swedeland I went to the Danish Court at Copenhagen COpenhagen is the Capital City of Zecland Jutland or Denmark and place of Residence of the King It stands on a Flat encompassed with a pleasant and delightful Country much resembling England The Streets of the City are kept very neat and clean with Lights in the Night time for the convenience and safety of those who are then abroad a Custom not as yet introduced into Stockholme where it is dangerous to be abroad when it is dark The Kings Men of War lie hear very conveniently being orderly ranged betwixt Booms after the manner of Amsterdam and near the Admiralty House which is a large pile of Building well furnished with Stores and Magazins secured by a Cittadel that not only commands the City but also the Haven and entry into it The Court of Denmark is splendid and makes a far greater figure in the World than that of Sweden though not many years ago in the time of Carolus Gustavus the Father of the present King of Swedeland it was almost reduced to its last when the Walls of Copenhagen saved that Crown and Kingdom That Siege was Famous carried on with great vigour by the Swede and as bravely maintained by the Danes The Monuments whereof are to be seen in the Cannon Bullets gilt that still remain in the Walls of some Houses and in the Steeple of the great Church of the Town The Royal Palace in Copenhagen is but small and a very ancient Building but his Majesties House Fredenburg is a stately Fabrick of Modern Architecture and very richly Furnished Denmark is at present a flourishing Kingdom and the King who hath now made it Hereditary surpasses most of his Predecessors in Power and Wealth He hath much enlarged his Dominions as well as Authority and by his Personal and Royal Virtues no less than the eminent qualities of a great many able Ministers of State he hath gained the Universal Love of his Subjects and the esteem of all Foreign Princes and States The Court is much frequented every day but especially on Sundays where about Eleven of the Clock in the Morning the Nobility Foreign Ministers and Officers of the Army assemble and make a glorious Appearance There one may see many Knights of the Order of the Elephant of Malto but I never saw any Order of the like Nature as that of Sweden that King rarely appearing in his George and Garter but on days of publick Audience I have observed at one time above 150 Coaches attending at the Court of Denmark which are ten times more than ever I saw together at that of Sweden The King is affable and of easie access to Strangers seen often abroad by his Subjects in his Gardens and Stables which are very large and well furnished with all sorts of Horses He is a great lover of English Horses and Dogs and delights much in Hunting as his Eldest Son the Prince with his Brothers do in Cock-●ighting insomuch much that the English Merchants cannot make a more acceptable present to those Princes than of English Game-Cocks The standing Forces of Denmark are