which endured with fire and sword the space of 15. dayes in reuenge of the three Spaniards which the Indians had so trayterously sacrificed in recompence of the libertie which the Gouernour gaue them in the Iland of Puna The Cascike of Tumbez séeing the great hurt done vnto them yealded himselfe and in token of submission he presented to the Gouernour certaine gold siluer TheÌ„ he procéeded on his discouery with the most part of his company leauing the residue with his Maiesties Auditour Antonio Nauarro the Treasorer Alonzo Râ—quelme and iorneyed til he came to the riuer of Poechos which stoode 30. Leagues distant from Tumbez and obtayned peace with all the Cascikes and Townes which were on the borders of that Riuer He also discouered the port of Payta which was accounted the best harbor in al y e coast To this place came messengers to the gouernour from Cusco from the Prince Guascar geuing him to vnderstaÌ„d the rebellion of his brother Atabaliba who as yet was not appreheÌ„ded as before hath bene declared crauing at his hands succour and defence against his sayd brother With these ioyful newes the Gouernor sent his brother Hernando Pisarro back againe to Tumbez to bring away w t him all the remainder of his coÌ„pany which had abode behinde when he had so done he inhabited w t them in y e Citie of S. Mighel which sometime was a town of Indians called Tangarara scituated on y e Riuer side of Chira not far from the sea where was an excéeding good harbor for the shippes which came from Panama hauing here deuided their gold plate which was presented in this Coast vnto them The gouernour prouided forward leauinge certaine of his men for Citizens of y e new citty tooke his way towarde y e Prouince of Caxamalca because hée had intelligence how Atabaliba was there How the Gouernour came to Caxamalca and what there happened Chap. 4. IN this iorney to Caxamalca the Gouernor and his armie passed great extremitie of thirst in a desert without habitatioÌ„ of 20â— leagues loÌ„g where was neither trée bush nor water but only al sandy ground very hot At the end of 20. Leagues he came into the Prouince of Motupe where he found fresh pleasant Ualleys replenished w t many Uillages where hee well refreshed his army with y e great aboundance of victualâ— which he there found and as he went from thence asceÌ„ding into the mountaines he met w t a messenger which came from Atabaliba who brought vnto him for a preseÌ„t a paire of paynted Shooes and a payre of hand ruffes of golde beseeching him that when he shoulde come before his Prince Atabaliba to weare those Shooes on his féete and also to weare the ruffs accordingly to thentent that he might be knowen by those tokens The Gouernour receiued thankefully the present promised that he would fulfill his request and moreouer that he should certifie Atabaliba that his comming was not to offeÌ„d him if notorious wrong were not offered vnto him Because sayd he the Emperour king of Castile who sent me hither commaunded that I should not attempt to displease any without reason With this answere the messenger departed and the Gouernour likewise followed with great foresight that no enemy should disturbe his passage When he came to Caxamalca he met with another Messenger which came to aduertise him that he should not take vp his lodging without expresse coÌ„maundement from Atabaliba To this ambassage y e Gouernour made no answere but rather toke vp his lodging according as he thought good And than he sent captaine Soto with twentie horâ—men wel trimmed to Atabaliba his Campe which stoode one League distant from the Gouerâ—ours lodging to signifie vnto him the arryuall of his Generall When Captaine Soto came in sight of Atabaliba he set spurres to his horse as though he would haue run against an armed man which brauery did not a litle amase the poore Indians who with all hast fled out of his way But for their labour Atabaliba commaunded them to he slayne and would geue Soto no answere of his embassage vntill Fernando Pisarro came who the Gouernour sente after Soto with another company of horsemen but he tolde his minde to one of gis noble Cascikes and the Cascike declared his saying to the interpreter and the Interpreter to Soto But to Hernando Pisarro hee spake personally by the mouth of the only Interpreter Unto whom Pisarro sayd that his brother the Gouernour came from the Emperour his Maiestie and to know his royall will he only desired that it might please him to signifie whether hee might freely come vnto his presence to be accepted as his fréend Unto whom Atabaliba answered y t hee would freendly accept his offer so that hee would returne the golde and plate which since the entrance into his land he had taken from his Indian subiectes and also that forthwith he would depart his countrey and dominions and to take order with him in these causes he ment the next day to meete him at a certaine place called Tambo de Caxamalca When Hernando Pisarro had receaued this answere he beheld the great number of tents which were in the Campe of Atabaliba which seemed vnto him a great Citie and then tooke his leaue and returned with his answere to the Gouernour and when hee was come to his brother hauing declared what he had heard and seene it some what discouraged him hauing for euery Christian 200. Indians But notwithstanding he and all his company beeing hautâ—e minded and also of great stomacke The night followinge they comforted one another putting their only confidence in God so that than they occupied them selues in trimminge their Armor and other Furniture without takinge any rest of sleepe the whole night How the Battayle was giuen to Atabaliba and the taking of him Prisoner Chap. 5. THe next day following the Gouernor early in the morninge set his Armye in good order deuydinge 60. Horsemen into three partes and placed them in Ambush in seuerall places vnder the gouernment of Captaine Soto and Captaine Benalcasar for their Chiefetaines hee appointed his three Brethren Hernando Ihon and Gonsalo Pisarro and hee himselfe went with the infantry which is to be vnderstode al sortes of armed footemen prohibiting that none should stir without his watchword and the great ordinance shot of Atabaliba likewise set in good order his men of war appointing conuenient ground for his captaines to geue the onset He also commaunded that where he iudged the most danger of the christian force that one of his chiefe captaines called Ruminagui should attend that if nede required he might set on the Spanyards at their flight In this order Atabaliba set forward with great consideration and leasure that he was at the least 4. houres going one litle league Hee himselfe was caryed in his litter vpon noble mens shoulders There went before him 300. gentlemen attired in one sort of liuery making
men of warre whiche he there furnished with Armor Pikes and gonpouder that there he had caused to be made Then Vaca de Castra deuided the horsemen whiche he had brought with hym betwene Pedro Aluarez Pedro Ausuerez and Garcilaso de la Vega whom he ordeined captaines of the horsemen and part of the footemen he commended to Pedro de Vargas and Nunio de Castro who were appointed for captaines of infauterie He like wise ordeines other two companies the one of horsemen which he assigned to Gomes de Aluarado the other of hargabuziers which he appointed to the Bachellier Iuan Velez de Gueuara who although he were a Lawier yet he was an excellent good souldiar and of an excedyng good industrie For he it was that deuised to make the Hargabuzes for the souldiars of his companie and neuerthelesse did excercise also his vocatioÌ„ towardes the law For it did appere that he was in those daies appointed Iudge whiche office he did vse in the fore noone of euery daie at the after noone he apparelled him self as a good Souldiar in hose and dublet of colours enbrodred with gold whiche becam him exceding well with his Ierken and plume of fethers with his Hargabuze on his shulder excercisyng bothe hym and his men in the practise of their peeces In this forme Vaca de Castro ordeined his hoste the which were in noÌ„ber 700 men whereof were 370 horsemen a 170 Hargabuziers and the residue were footemeÌ„ He appointed for cheef sariant of the Campe Francisco de Carauajall who after ward was campe maister to Gonsalo Pisarro By whose order the whole hoaste was gouerned because he was experte in the warres had exercised the experieÌ„ces of a souldiar aboue xl yeres he had likewise borne office of liutenant or captain in Italy In this meane while came messengers to Vaca de Castro from Gonsalo Pisarro who had returned vnto Quito from the discouerie of the land of Zinamon as before hath been declared by the saied messengers he signified vnto hym how he ment â—o aide him with all his force Unto whom Vaca de Castra wrote giuyng him moste hartie thankes for his gentle offer praiyng hym that he would not trouble hym self but rather at that present abide in Quito because ê™ he I hope to come to some good ende with DoÌ„ Diego and that he will submit him self to his maiesties seruice This aunswere he made thinkyng to bridle the presumption of Gonsalo Pisarro and also he likewise imagined that his coÌ„myng would hinder the agrement with Don Diego because Pisarro might hope of some reuenge and for that consideration also Don Diego would feare to yeeld hym self Others helde opinion that if Gonsalo Pisarro should happen to come to the Campe that then he would presume to take vpon hym the office of Generall beyng a man so well beloued emoÌ„g the Commonaltie alâ— these thinges considered Vaca de Castro commaunded that the Lorde Marques his children should remaine in the custodie and charge of their Tutors in the Cities of saint Mighell and Trugillio and in nowise come to the Citie of the Kynges vntill other order should be taken because the securitie of their persones was there more certain then in Lynia How Vaca de Castro proceded with his hoste froÌ„ Xauxa to Guamanga and what passed betweene hym and Don Diego Chapt. 16. WHen Vaca de Castro had set in order his armie in Xauxa he proceded towardes Guamanga in whiche iourney he had vnderstandyng how Don Diego was commyng towarde hym and either to take the Towne or els to plant him self with his power to hinder his passage at a Riuer whiche of force he should passe so that in the takyng of either of them the anoiance should haue been great to the enemie because the toune is enuironed with valleies of greate depth whiche did excedingly fortifie But Captaine Diego de Rojas who with his companie led the waie forsawe those daungers who also had knowledge of the pretence of Don Diego and thereupon in shorte space built there a Tower to abide the commyng of Vaca de Castro who hauyng intelligence thereof made the more haste sendyng before Captaine Castro with certaine hargubuzers â—o fortifie another euill peece of waie whiche stood not farre â—roÌ„ GuamaÌ„ga called the hill of Parcas When Vaca de Castro on an euenyng came within two Leagues of Guamanga he was aduised that the same night Don Diego ment to enter into the Toune this newes contented hym not because a greate parte of his armie were farre behinde so that Alonso de Aluarado was forced to returne to gather them together and when he had so doen he came with them in good order although some had iourneyed the same daie more then fiue Leagues armed with great paine and trauaile by reason that the waie was asperous with Rocks and Creckes descendyng betweene hilles so that at length thei passed by the towne and lodged all that night on the other side in their armour because thei had no certaine newes from their enemies vntill the next daie that the Camp was assured by the scoutes who had discouered more then sixe Leagues of grouÌ„d and brought likewise aduertisement how Don Diego was at the least nine Leagues from their Campe. Whereupon Vaca de Castro wrote vnto hym by Francisco Diaquez brother vnto Alonso Diaquez secretarie to his Maiestie who was come from Don Diegâ— his Campe to praie and require hym on the behalf of his Maiestie that he would accepte and come to yeeld him self vnder the royall standarde and in so doyng and also in dischargyng his armie he should be pardoned of all his former doinges but if he refused his mercifull offer that then he would proceede against hym with all rigor of iustice as against a traitor rebell and disloyall subiecte to his Prince Whilest this messenger was goyng on his affaires he sent a footeman by another waie clothed in the Indians attire with sundrie letters to many Gentlemen which were with DoÌ„ Diego But this footemaÌ„ could not passe so secretly for by the print of his feete passyng through the snoe he was knowne and also takeÌ„ prisoner who as soone as he was brought before DoÌ„ Diego was forthwith commauÌ„ded to be hanged and likewise Don Diego founde him self greatly agreeued with the subtill pollicie and cautell of Vaca de Castro considering that one waie he delt for peace and contrariwise he sent to sowe mutynie in his CaÌ„p Whereupon in presence of the messenger he ordained al his Captaines and men of warre throughly furnished to giue the battaile and proclaimed also that who soeuer should kill any Citizen both the wife and Indians of the dead should be giuen vnto him this doen he sent aunswere to Vaca de Castro by the same messenger by Diego de Mercado y t in no wise he would yeeld any obedience vnto hym whilest his enemies were in his coÌ„panie who were Pedro Aluarez Holguin Alonso de Aluarado with their consorts likewise he ment
without disturbinge of any that would force them to abide there And whan this newes and order taken came to their knowledge they forthwith tooke Shippinge with great ioye euen as though they had esâ—aped out of captiuitie of Moares so that only 12. men abode willingly with Don Francisco Pisarro with the which beeing so few in number hee durst not abide there but went to an Ilande vnhabited situated sire Leagues from the Mayne in the Sea and because this Iland was replenished with many faire Springes and brookes hee named it Gorgona wheras hee with his company maintained themselues with Cockles Crabbes and great Snakes which are there in aboundance hee aboad there vntill his Shippe returned from Panama which brought nothing but only Uictuall wherin hee with his 12. men toke shipping who were so constant and vertuous that they only were the principall cause of the discouery of Peru of whom one was called Nicolas de Ribera naturall of Olbera Pedro de Candia borne in Greece in the Iland of Candia Ihon de torre Alonso brisenio borne in Benauent Christopher de Peralia borne in Baesa Alonso de Trugillio borne in Trugillio Francisco de Cuellar borne in the Towne of Cuellar Alonso de Molina borne in the Cittie of Vbeda Their chéefe Pilot was named Bartilmew Ruiz borne in the Towne of Moguex This happy company sayled with great perril and daunger against the winde and currant vntill they arriued at a Prouince called Mostripe which standeth betweene the Uillages which the Christians had inhabited the one they named Truxillio and the other S. Mighell there aboad a certaine time for want of men they durst not procéede beyond the Riuer called Chira anâ— there prouided themselues of the Cattell of that Countrey which were Shâ—epe and also of Indian Interpretors who willingly serued them Notwithstanding beeing there well refreshed embarked againe and sayled vnto the Porte of Lumbez where they had intelligence of a princely House which the Lord of Peru had in that place and also a Towne of Indians which were exceeding ritch This place was one of the most notablest things in Peru vntill such time that the Indians of the Ilande Puna distroyed it as hereafter shalbe declared and there hee left thrée fugitiue Spanyardes who were slaine by the Indians as at the length was knowen So that with this intelligence they returned backe againe to Panama hauinge beene thrée yeares in the same Discouery in great perrill suffering many miseries aswell by want of Uictuals as by the Warres and resistance of the Indians and also mutiny amonge themselues who were in dispaire the most of them to finde any profitable thing But yet the wisdome gentle condicion of Don Francisco Pisarro pacified their discorde with great courage perswading them of the great hope which hée had in Don Diego de Almagro for they prouision of Men Uictuals Horses and Armour So that where those three Gentilmen the setters forwarde of this Uoyage were the ritchest men in that partes were now the poorest and yet indetted in great summes of Money ¶ How Don Francisco Pisarro came into Spayne to giue knowledge to his Maiestie of the discouery of Peru and of some of the Customes and properties of the naturals of the Countrey Chap. 3. THe Discouery béeing begun in the manner before declared Don Francisco Pisarro came into Spayne and gaue intelligence to the Emperour his Maiestie of all such thinges as had happened beseechinge his highnes in recompence and rewarde of his paynes to graunt vnto him the gouernment of such Countreyes as hereafter hee should discouer and inhabit The which his request the Emperour graunted vpon certaine condicions and Articles of agreement drawen and engrosed accordinge as tofore his Maiestie had done with other Captaynes in affaires of Discouery With this order taken hee returned to Panama takinge with him Hernando Pisarroâ— Ihon Pisarroâ— Gonsalo Pisarro â— and Francisco Martin of Alcantara his Bretheren among the which Hernando Pisarro and Ihon Pisarro were onely legittimate BrethreÌ„ of Father and Mother Sonnes vnto Gonsalo Pisarro the long Cittizen of Trugillio who had sometime beene Captaine of Infautery in y e Kingdome of Nauarra Don Francisco Pisarro and Gonsalo Pisarro were his naturall Children but not by one Wife Francisco Martin was his Sonne in Law Besides these afore named hee carryed many others with him for the pretended discouery but the most of them were of the Citties of Trugillio and Caseres and other Uillages of the Prouince called Estremadura In this sorte with prosperous Nauigacion he arriued and came to his desired place of Panama and there began to prouide the things necessary for the Discouery in the name of the first companye Although there was some discorde betwéene Don Francisco Don Diego de Almagro â— because Don Diego receiued great vnkindnesse that Don Francisco had brought to passe his desire with the Emperour and obtained the Title and name of Gouernour and chéefe Discouerer of all the dominion of Peru without any remembraunce made of him nor yet of his seruice although the sayd â—on Diego had béen one of the cheefest aduenturers and also personally partaker of the paynes But yet notwithstandinge Don Francisco perceauing by his countenaunce how the matter went did comfort and perswade him that the Emperour at that time when he was with his Maiestie pleased not to take order for him to remunerate his trauaile accordingly although hee did in his behalfe require the same but notwithstandinge hee gaue vnto him for his parte both his worde and promise to renounce the Office Title of cheefe Discouerer in him and also would sende to the Emperour to beseech his Maiestie to confirme the same With which faire wordes Don Diego was somewhat pacified so that now wee will leaue from that matter and speake of the Nauie other necessaries concerning the Discouery and also declare the scituacion of the Prouince of Peru and the notable thinges of that Countrey with the customes of the People Of the people which inhabite vnder the Equinoctiall Lyne and other notable thinges which are in that partes Chap. 4. THe Lande of Peru wherof this Historie God willing shall treate did begin from the Equinâ—â—tâ—all forward vntill the Meriâ—ian the people which inhabite vnder the Equinoctiall and neare there vâ—to are in Phisnomie like Iewes they pronounce their speâ—ch in the throat like vnto Moriscos they are inâ—lâ—â—â—â— to the sin of Zodome by reason wherof they are rigorous to their Wiues and make small accompt of them they weare no kinde of garment sauing their priuie partes which are couered Their Wemen do plough and sow the ground they grinde their Graine and therof make their prouision of foode their Corne is called in their Ilande language Maiz and in Peru it is called Zara. The men weare short Shyrtes which come to the Nauill and their priuy partes are vncouered they haue their heads shorne with a Crowne like Friers and the hinder and forepart of
many straunge garments The vessels of Golde was estéemed in 60000. Poyzes which is accounted seuen shillings starling to euery poyze and this vessel was for the seruice of the only perâ—on of Atabaliba And also 5000. wemen which submitted themselues willinglye to the Spanyardes commaundement And when these things were ended Atabaliba sayd vnto the Gouernour sithence you haue mée now Prisoner in your power vse me fauourably and for my raunsome and libertye I will giue this Quaderne place or house full with vessels and peeces of Golde and so much Plate as you will reasonably demaund And when his offer was in this sorte declared hee thought that the Gouernour tooke his sayings to be a thing vnpossible wherfore hée replyed againe sayinge I will performe what I haue saide and somewhat more The Gouernor answeredâ— that hée would deale fréendly with him accordinge to his request Atabaliba gaue him most hartie thankes and forthwith dispatched messengers throughout his Dominions and especially to Cusco to gather togeather the golde and Plate which hée had promised for his rauÌ„some which was iudged a thing vncredible to bee performed for the couenaunt was to giue full of the saide Treasure a certaine house in Caxamalca as high as the same Atabaliba could reach with his hand standinge on the ground and the like in compasse accordinge to the height and to make his promise the playner hée marked out with a red Lyne the plot which hée would fill with the sayde vessels of Golde and Plate but notwithstandinge that dailye came great store of Treasure into the Campe yet the Spanyardes thought it not sufficiente for a foundacion of the performance of Atabaliba his promise wherupon they began amonge them selues to murmure saying the time passeth away and Atabaliba complyeth not with vs his raunsome consideringe that his day is past But saide they it is to bee thought that with this pollicy hée meaneth to geather a new Army so to come sodainly vpon vs to our distruction Atabaliba being a sencible and wise man vnderstood the murmuring of the Christians he demaunded of the Gouernor y e cause of their muttering secret coÌ„ference who informed him of the matter euen as it was why answered hee as yet they haue no reason to complaine of the delay for the day of paiment is scarcely paste that they ought to haue consideracion y t the place which was the Cittie of Cusco from whence the greatest part of his raunsome should come stood distant froÌ„ Caxamalca 200. long leagues of euil way moreouer the treasure should be brought vpoÌ„ mens shoulders by reasoÌ„ wherof he praied not to thinke the time long nor yet to thinke it vnpossible y t he was able to performe his promise y e premisses considered it was not much to haue pacience for one Moneth more or lesse but yet said hée for your more quicker dispatch let one or two of your company goe vnto Cusco to sée the thing which I haue affirmed Upon this poinct there were sundry opinions among the Christians whither they mought giue credit to Atabaliba his words and also how it was not a thing conuenient to put any christian in the Indian power when Atabaliba had vnderstood their meaning he laughed saying I maruaile that any christiaÌ„ should stand in distrust of my word security in the iorney to Cusco Do ye not consider how ye haue my person prisoner in Chaiâ—es also my wiues ChildreÌ„ in your power with this answere they determined that Captaine Soto and Pedro del Barro â— should go to Cusco who by the coÌ„maundement of Atabaliba werâ— carried in Litters vpon the Indians shoulders had for their Gard a great company of Atabalibas Souldiers and in this order they iorneyed by poste for those Littermen presume to make great speede and abhor slow iorneyes yet only two men do carry the Litter at one time notwithstanding 50. or 60. persons attend vpoÌ„ euery Litter and so they goe runninge with their burden for a space and theÌ„ are ready other two for to take the burden In y e way as they wente they met Atabaliba his Captaines who brought his Brother Prince Guascar prisoner who was desirous to talke w t the said Captaine Soto his coÌ„panioÌ„ of whoÌ„ he was informed of such thinges which had hapned also what their preteÌ„ce coÌ„ming into y e couÌ„try was But when Guascar vnderstood the Emperours meaning and also the intent of the christian gouernour in his name which was aswel to maintayne in iustice y e christians as the Indians which he should conquere that euery one might enioy his owne he then discouered the discord betweene him and his brother and how his brothers intent was to disherite him of his kingdome and estate which of right was his owne inheritance by discent from his father Guaynacaua and for this purpose he was now carryed prisoner to be slaine Wherefore hee most humbly besought them to returne backe againe with him to open his doliens to the Lord Marques their Gouernour beséeching him that sithens they both brethren were at that instant in his power and he of right being absolute Lord of the land that it might please him to see iustice executed betwéene theÌ„ and to geue iudgement to which of them the kingdome did appartaine considering that as he was enfourmed his only comming was for that intent And if sayd hee y t Marques wil take this matter in hand I will not only see perfourmed the summe of golde and plate promised by Atabaliba to be deliuered at Tambo in Caxamalca But I wil also fill al that house called Tambo euen to y e roofe which should be thrée times as much and more that hys brother had promised requesting them to make enquiry whether he were a man of power to perfourm his offer with greater facilitie then his brother was able to perfourme his promise For Atabaliba to accomplishe his raunsome should be forced to spoyle the rich Temple of the Sunne in the citie of Cusco which was wainscoted with boord of gold and plate in equall panes because hee had no other remedy nor from whence to haue any other quantitie But I quoth he haue in my power all the treasure and iewels of my father wherewith I may easilye perfourme much more then I haue spoaken Wherein hee sayd the trueth although his said treasure was hidden vnder grouÌ„d in such place as no maÌ„ liuing knew where it was but only he himselfe and as yet vntil this day it is not knowen for the multitude of Indians which carryed the same to the secret place where it was buryed as soone as the sayd treasure was hidden they were by his commaundement all slayne because the place should not be discouered Although since the winning of the Countrey the Spanyardes haue sought and digged in many places where they suspected the treasure to be hidden But vntill this day they could not attayne to the knowledge thereof Captaine Soto and Petro del
began a parle of peace and for that purpose to stay the battel for one day and a night in which meane time the Licenceat Caldera tooke vp the matter betweene them in this sort that Don Diego de Almagro should pay vnto Don Pedro de Aluarado 100000. poysez of gold for his shippes horses and all other furniture of his nauy and that they should both goe frendly together to visite the Lord Marques Pisarro and that there the payment should be made This agréement was accepted and also kept in great secret For if Don Pedro his men had vnderstoode these dealings among whom were many gentlemen some tumult might haue rysen considering that the remuneration of their seruice was not spoaken of the premises considered proclamation was made that they should trauell in vniformitie of company together in such sort that Don Pedro his nauie should continue on his nauigation along the sea coast procéeding on his discouery that al his men should be at liberty either to abide vnder captain Benalcasar at Quito or els to go w t their general by sea coÌ„sidering y t now they were all linked in peace brotherly loue coÌ„formity WheÌ„ this order was manifestly knoweÌ„ many of D. Pedro his meÌ„ abode in Quito Don Diego DoÌ„ Pedro w t al y e residue of their retinue came together to Pachacama where they had knowledge yâ— yâ— gouernor Pisarro was come froÌ„ xauxa to receue theÌ„ The night before Don Diego departed from the Prouince of Quito he burned aliue the Cascike that fled froÌ„ him and the like had bene done to Philip the interpreter if Don Pedro had not intreated for him How Don Diego de Almagro Don Pedro de Aluarado met with the Cascike Quixquix what passed betweene them Chap. 12. DON Diego and D. Pedro going on their iorney from the prouince of Quito toward Pachacama y e Cascik of the Canares enfourmed theÌ„ how Quixquix who was some time a Captain appertaining to Atabaliba was coÌ„ming toward theÌ„ w t an army of 12000. Indians men of war that daily his hoast increased But quoth he if ye wil abide his comming I wil deliuer him into your handes Unto whose words Don Diego gaue no credit but procéeded on his iorney and would not tarry their coÌ„ming so y t when they were come to the Prouince of Chaparra they espyed about 2000. Indians which were come about two dayes iorney before their Generall Quixquix vnder an other Captaine called Sotaurco because Quixquix vsed alwayes this pollicie in the way as he went to haue y e said Captaine alwayes in his vauÌ„tgard and on his left hand he had likewise 4000. Indians who gathered victuals in al the villages as they passed he also vsed in his reregard other 3. or 4000. Indians who followed one daies iorney behind the rest and Quixquix went in the midst with y e body of the host with their cattel prisoners so that hiâ— whole army did alwayes occupy 15. leagues in circuit And wheras Sotaurco his meaning was to haue taken a passage that he thought the christians of force should pas to which place Don Pedro was come before him wher he took him prisoner of him had vnderstaÌ„ding of al Quixquix his preteÌ„ce wherupoÌ„ on a night he prepared an ambush of horsemen although he could not so soon bring his purpose to passe because he was forced to stay the shooing of his horses who had passed a perilous way of rocks and stones by reason whereof they were vnshooed So that leaâ—ing his pretended ambush he made al hast possible til he came within sight of Quixquix his camp who wheÌ„ he had espyed the Chrisâ—ians he toke another course with his wiues and seruile people and he placed a brother of Atabaliba called Guaypalcon with the chiefest of his soldyers in another part which was very asperous so that he went to encounter with Don Diego de Almagro going vp a hil hauing his horses welnigh tired with the troblesome way which he had passed and with much adoe leading them by their brydels they came to the hill top They also receaued great hurt with the stones which y e enemies rolled down the high hilles vpon theÌ„ notwithstanding at the length the christians enuyroned Guaypalcon who seeing himselfe so beseeged on euery side hee then fortifyed him and his company on the top of a high cragged rock where he stoode to his defence vntil night at what time Don Diego and Don Pedro sounded the retire for their soldyers and the Indians with the darknes of the night came from their hold to seeke their Generall Quixquix Afterward was knowen how the Indians on the left winge had slaine and cut of the heads of â—xiiii Spaniards which they had taken at aduantage proceeded on their way til they met with the reregard of Quixquix The Indians made them strong at the passage of a ryuer so that all one day they suffered not y â— Spaniards to passe but forced theÌ„ to seeke another way which was toward the mountaines where the Spaniards meant to haue taken a high hil but they receaued great damage in their pretended purpose for when they would haue retired the cragged and troublesome way was their hynderance by meane wherof many were wounded especially captaine Alonso de Aluarado who was thrust through the thighe and another Knight of the order of Sâ— Ihâ—n sore wounded all that night the Indians kept good watche but in the morning the passage was left cleare that the Christians might passe at ease the enemy driuen into the Mountaine where they rested in peace Don Diego would no longer abide but procéeded on his iorney all the stuffe whiâ—h the Indians could not carry with them they burned leauing behinde them about 15000. Shéepe and 4000. men and wemen which yéelded themselues to the Spanyardes hauing been prisoners vnto Quixquix When the Christians were come to S. Mighel Don Diego de Almagro sente Diego de Mora to Puerto Viejo to receaue to his vse the Nauy of Don Pedro de Aluarado who on his behalfe sent to that effect Garcia de Holgun to make deliuery of the same accordingly afterward Don Diego in the citie of S Mighell prouided aswell his owne men as Don Pedro his men of all furniture necessary for the warres and the like of money apparrel this doon they tooke their iorney toward Pachacama and in the way as he went he left inhabited the citie of Trugillio in the gouernment of Captaine Martine Astete according to the order of the Gouernor Don Fancisco Pisarro In this meane while Quixquix coÌ„ming nere vnto Quito one of y e Captaines appertaining to Captaine Benalcasar gaue the ouerthrow to his vauntgarde therby put him in such an agony that he knew not what to doo moreouer his Captaines of greatest trust perswaded him to yeeld to Benalcasar but in recompence of their counsel he threatned them with the reward of
be in securitie Hernando Pisarro caused that night all the Citezens and menne of warre to take their reste in their houses because thei were greatly wearied with watchyng and wearyng their armour daies and nightes without takyng any rest at all When Don Diego had aduise of the Citezens reste and securitie and the night beyng verie darke especially through a darke Cloude whiche at that instaunt couered the Citie he forthwith assaulted the Citie But when Hernando and Gonsalo Pisarro heard the noise thei made greate haste in arming them selues and their house beeyng the first that was assaulted thei like valliant gentlemen defended them selues vntill thei had set fire on euery side of the house wherevpon thei yelded and were in this order taken prisoners The next daie followyng Don Diego compelled the couÌ„saill of the Citie to receiue hym for their cheef ruler and Gouernour and also commaunded Hernando and Gonsalo Pisarro to be put in Irons yea and many of his councellers wished hym to put them to death the whiche councell he refused considering the noble courage and minde whiche thei shewed in the defence of their house so that thei were put in the custodie of Diego de Aluarado Also it was credibly thought that certaine Indians were the occasion that Don Diego did breake the truse that was made and also some Spanyardes who brought newes vnto hym that Hernando Pisarro had commaunded to breake donne the bridges and the Fortresse in the Citie whiche newes seemed to bee the verie originall cause For when Don Diego entered into the Citie he spake these woordes with a loude voyce Oh how haue ye deceiued me with your deceiptfull newes for here I finde bothe bridges and euery thyng whole and sounde Of all these proceadinges the Gouernor Pisarro knewe nothing nor many daies after the takyng of the citie and imprisonment of his brethren Don Diego de Almagro made Paulo brother to Atabaliba kyng gaue vnto him the Cassal of the Empire the which newes being knowne to his brether Mango Inga he fledde with a greate nomber of his people into certaine asperous Mountaines called Andes How the Indians slue many that the Gouernor sent to succour his brethren in Cusco Chap. 5. EMong other thynges whiche the Gouernour Don Francisco Pisarro sent to craue of the Emperour he besought his Maiestie in remuneration of his seruice doen in the conquest of Peru to graunt hm 20000. Indians perpetually to hym his discendentes in a Prouince called Atambillos with their Rentes Tributes and Iurisdiction with title of Lorde Marques of that place and people The Emperour aunswered that as touchyng the Indian people he would take aduisement and also of the qualitie of the Countrey and what profite or damage thereof might growe and that in consideration of his seruice he would so gratifie hym as lawfully with reason he should thinke conuenient so that at his request the title of Lorde Marques was graunted and the Emperor commaunded that from thence forthe he should be sâ— called And therefore hereafter in the prosecution of this Historie we will call hym by the name of Lorde Marques The Lorde Marques hauyng vnderstandyng of the rebellion of the Indians and not thinkyng the matter would haue come to suche extremitie he began to sende succour of men to his brother Hernando Pisarro to Cusco by little and little as he could gette them by tenne aâ—d fiftene at a tyme. The Indians also hearyng of this weake succour appointed many men of warre to attende their commyng at euery dangerous passage that was in their waie so that as many as the Lorde Marques sent in this order were as fast murdered by those Indians whiche thyng would not so haue fallen out if he had sent them all together And as he went to visite the cities of Trugillio and sainct Mighell he determined to sende one Diego Pisarro with 70. horsemen to the succour of his brethren al the whiche the Indians sâ—ue at a straight passage whiche of force thei should goe and at this daie is called the hill of Parcos whiche standeth fiftie leagues from Cusco and the like happened to the Marques his brother in Lawe called Gonsalo de Tapia who he sent afterward with 80. horsemen thei also put to the worse Captaine Morgoujo and Captaine Gaete with their coÌ„panies yea fewe or none of them escaped so that those which alwaies followed last could haue no knowledge of the successe of those which went before And an other policie the Indians also vsed which was thei would let them passe till thei came into a Ualley betweene twoo Hilles and then would thei enuiron them bothe before and behinde and from the high places came the stones as thicke as Haile beeyng throwne with slynges in suche sorte that thei slue many of them before thei could come to hande strokes So that thei slue aboue 300. horsemen and tooke from them greate quaÌ„titie of Iewells Armour and apparell of silke Now the Marques hauyng no aunswere from none of those succours he sent Francisco Godoy borne in Caceres with 45. horsemen who by chaunce mette with onely twoo men whiche had serued vnder Capitaine Gaete and escaped from the tyranny of the Indians so that by them he had intelligence of all that had passed wherevpon he returned with all speede although he was almoste taken in the snare of his fellowes and was followed by the Indians aboue twentie leagues and daiely by them encountered before and in the reregarde So that he was forced to trauaile in the night seaâ—on for feare of the multitude of enemies And wheÌ„ he was come to the Citie of Kynges whither also was comen Captaine Diego de Aguero with certaine men that hâ—d escaped the Indians rage The Marques had vnderstandyng how a greate nomber of the Indian enemies followed Captaine Aguero wherevpon he sent Pedro de Lerma with 70. horsemen and many Indians his freendes to encounter with the Souldiars of Inga with whom thei fought almoste a whole daie vntill the enemies were forced to take a high Rocke for their holde and sauegarde Wherevnto the Spanyardes laied siege on euery side the same daie captaine Lerma had his teeth broken with the stripe of a stone and also nine of his men were wounded and one horseman slaine But the Christians draue them into so greate an extremitie that if the Marques had not commaunded them to retire thei would that daie haue ended the warres because the Indians were in extreame miserie shutt vp in their fort and no waie to helpe them selues So that the Spanyardes also seeyng theim selues free from the tyrannie of their enemies thei gaue vnto God mooste hartie thankes and thâ—s doen thei remoued their Campe vnto an high hille that standeth not farre from the Citie of the Kynges daiely skirmishyng with the enemies The cheefe Captaine of the Indians was called Tysoyopangui and the brother of Inga which the Marques sent with Captaine Gaete in these warres whiche the Indians attempted nere the
to the woordes of Don Diego wherevpoÌ„ he with the whole armie came after them and secretly lodged his men neare vnto the saied Towne commaunding Captaine Castro to laie him self in ambushe in a certain Cane fielde with 40. Hargubusiers whiche was in the high waie that Don Diego should passe to the entent that if DoÌ„ Diego should bring with him a greater nomber of men then was agreed vpon that then thei should discharge their peeces against them by whiche token he would also be readie with his companie ¶ How the two Gouernors mette and how Hernando Pisarro was set at libertie Chap 9. WHen Don Diego departed from Chinicha to go to the Towne of Mala with his 12. Horsemen he left order with Rodrigo Orgonios who was his generall that he should be in a readinesse that if the Marques did happen to bring moe men then was agreed vpon that then he to repaire with his armie and that he should vse Hernando Pisarro according as he should see how the dealing fell out at their meeting When these two Gentlemen met thei embrased the one the other very louingly and after many wordes and muche talke had betwixt them without any speech of the principall matter a gentleman appartaining to the Marques came to DoÌ„ Diego and tolde hym in his eare saiyng My Lord get you hence with all speede possible for it importeth you so to doe and I as your frende and seruitor doe so aduise you This warnyng he gaue vnto hym because he vnderstoode of the commyng of Gonsalo Pisarro Don Diego geuyng credite to his frendes worde called in haste for his horse when certaine of the Marques Gentilmen perceiued that he would departe thei perswaded their Lorde to apprehende hym consideryng he might easely doe it with the Hargubuzers which Nunjo de Castro had in ambush But the Marques would in no wise consent thereunto because he had giuen his worde to the contrarie nor yet would not beleeue that Don Diego would returne with out some order takyng betweene them And when Don Diego in the waie as he returned espied the ambushe then he gaue credite to the aduise whiche was giuen hym and when he was come to his Campe he complained of the Marques saiyng that his meaning was to haue taken him Prisoner and by no meanes the Marques could not otherwise perswade hym Yet notwithstandyng by intercession of Diego de Aluarado Don Diego de Almagro released Hernando Pisarro vpon certaine promises made betwene them among the whiche one was that the Marques should graunt vnto him a Ship and safe harber to sende for dispatches which were come from Spaine for hym and also vntill the Emperâ—ur had taken order in their discention the one should not deale with the other 〈◊〉 Rodrigo Orgonios did withstande and speake against the libertie of Hernando Pisarro because he knewe of vncurteous dealyng whiche was vsed against hym in the tyme of his imprisonment in Cusco Iudgyng that when he should inioye his libertie he would reuenge those iniuries receiued so that alwaies his counsell was that his head should bee taken from his shoulders But yet the opinion of Diego de Aluarado was of greater efficacie hopyng in the agreement that was taken WheÌ„ Hernando Pisarro was clearely released Don Diego sent hym to the Marques his brother accompanied with his sonne and other Gentlemen he was no soner gone when Don Diego repented hym of that whiche he had doen yea and it is thought that he would haue apprehended hym againe if he had not made greate haste on his waie euen vntill he met with many of the principall Gentlemen whiche serued the Marques who were come to receiue hym ¶ How the Marques proceeded against Don Diego and how he returned towarde Cusco Chap. 10. WHen the agreement was made betwéene Hernando Pisarro and Don Diego the Marques had receiued newâ— prouisions from the Emperor whiche Pedro Aâ—sureâ— had brought wherein was conteined that eache of the â—ouernors shouâ—d possâ—sse and inioâ—e the lande which â—ache of 〈◊〉 had discoueâ—â—d inhabited and conquered at the tyme of the notifiyng of his Maiesties prouicion although it were with in the limittes of the others gouernation vntill his Maiestie should prouide in y e principall cause what iustice should require So that when the Marques had receiued this order aftâ—r that his brother Hernâ—ndo Pisarro was set at libertie he sent to require Don Diego that he should depart out of that Countrey and Townes whiche he had bothe discouered and inhabited accordyng to the Emperors commaundement Don Diego aunswered that he was readie to obaie the prouision the contentâ— thereof whiche was that eache of them should abide in the possession which thei were in at the tyme when his Maiesties prouision should bee notified vnto them or either of them So that in like forme DoÌ„ Diego required the Marques to obaie and obserue the same anâ— to suffer hym quietly to inioye his possessioâ— without warre or contention with protestation to obaie any other determination or order that his Maiestie hereafter should take in their discorde dependyng The Marques replied that he first discouered conquered and inhabited all the Tounâ—s Cities and Countrey of Cusco and that by his wrong meanes and force he was now dispossessed of proper right Therefore once againe he required hym to leaue his former possession vnto hym accordyng to the plaine meanyng of his Maiesties commaundement for otherwise he would compell him to auoide willyng him also to consider that the tyme of truce taken betweene them was now expired When the Marques sawe that Don Diego would not conforme hym self with the Emperors coÌ„maundement but rather scan the plaine wordes of the prouision to his own will he proceeded to giue hym battaile with all his power and Don Diego retired as fast towarde Cusco makyng hym strong in a high Mountaine called Guaycara whiche laie in the waie as he weÌ„t workyng all the poâ—licie aâ—d mischiefe whiche he could deuise to spoyle the high waie for to hinder and disturbe the Marquâ—s passnge But Hernando Pisarro with a companie of men followed hym at the heâ—les and on a night by a secrete waie he assended inâ—o the Mountaine and with his Hargubuzeiâ—s he â—â—tercepted his waie so that Don Diego was forced to â—lâ—e and findyng him self some what euill at ease he made the more hast leauyng in his Reregard Rodrigo Orgonios who in good order coâ—tinued the retire and also hauyng vnderstandyng by two of the Marques companie whom he had taken prisoners how the Marques followed with al hast possible he also made the greater haste on his waie although some of his Souldiars gaue him counsell to abide to encounter with hym saiyng that all those which ascended the Mountaine were the first daies as men that wer sea sicke But this opinioÌ„ Rodrigo Orgonios liked not because the gouernor Don Diego had giuen him a contrary commission Yet the Souldiers iudgement was helde among men of experience for the best waie and
invite eyther of them They were equally abstynent and moderate in theyr féeding and dyet as also in refraining of sensuallitie and especially from abusing of any Spanish Women for they déemed that they could not deale therein without preiudice of theyr neighbours whose Wiues or Daughters those Women were they neyther ouermuch enclyned to the Indian Women The Marquesse had the company of an Indian Gentlewoman who was sister to Atabalâ—ba by whome he had a Sonne named Don Gonsalo who deceassed at fowretéene yeeres of age and a Daughter named Donca Francisca By an other Indian Woman of Cusco he had an other Sonne called Don Francisco Don Diego de Almagro had that sonne of whome we haue spoken who slewe the Marquesse which Sonne he had by an Indian Woman of Panama They bothe receyued honour at the Emperours hands for as hath bene declared to Don Francisco Pisarro he gaue the tyttle or addition of Marquesse and made him Gouernour of newe Castile and also ordayned him Knight of the order of Saint Iames. To Don Diego de Almagro he gaue the gouernment of newe Toledo and the tytle of chéefe Discouerer Particulerly the Marquesse was greatly affectioned and helde in great feare and reuerence the name of his Maiestie in so much that he abstayned from dooing of many thinges that he had power to doo declaring that he would not that his Maiestie should say how he ascended in the Land and oftentymes when he was present at the melting of the Syluer and Golde he would ryse from his Chayre to take vp the graynes of Syluer and Golde which fell from the clypping saying that with his mouth when handes fayled he woulde gather together the kinges porcion These two Gentlemen were equall euen in theyr kindes of death for the Marquesse brother put Don Diego to deathâ— and Don Diego his Sonne slewe the Marquesse The Marquesse was desirous to benefit the Countrey by tyllage and other commodities He buylt a fayre house in the Cittie of the kinges he also buylt for the benefite of the Cittie two rowes of Mylles along the Riuer side in which buylding he occupied him selfe at all tymes of leysure giuing his councell and opinion to the Maister workemen He tooke great paynes in setting forwarde the workes of the Cathedrall Church of the Cittie of the kinges and other lyke Monumentes Howe Don Diego de Almagro the younger ioyned an Armie of men of Warre and howe he slewe certaine Gentlemen and howe Alonso de Aluarado spread his Ensigne for his Maiestie Chap. 10. AFter that Don Diego had gotten the Citie into his power and taken the wandes of Iustice from the Officers and placed other by his owne election he then apprehended Doctour Velasques Lieutenannt to the Marquesse and Antonio Picado his Secretarie and chose for the chéefe Captaynes of his warres Iuan Tellio Cittizen of Ciuile and Francisco Chaues and also Sotelo WheÌ„ the noyse was spread abroade of the election of these new Captaynes all the Uagabounds and ydle persons which were in that countrey came to this cittie pretending lybertie to robbe spoyle and lyue at pleasure And to furnishe those Roges with money he tooke the Fiftes appertayning to the King and also the goodes of such as were deceassed which was kept in a common Chest to performe theyr Testamentes and Legacies But afterwarde discencion began to growe among them selues for some of the principall personnes mooued with enuie were mynded to kyll Iuan de Herrada séeing that although Don Diego had the name of gouernour and Captayne generall yet the sayde Herrada ruled and gouerned all And the mutiny being knowen many were executed especially Francisco de Chaues and also Anthonio de Oribuela Citizen of Salamanca was beheaded Because when he came from Spaine he sayde that they were Tyrants Afterwarde Don Diego sent his Messengers vnto all the Citties of his gouernment wylling them to admytte and receyue him for theyr gouernour And although he was accepted in the most Citties for the feare onely which they had of him yet in Chachapoyas where Alonso de Aluarado was Lieutenant as soone as the Pursuiuantes were come with the commaundement from Don Diego he commaunded them to be arrested and also fortified him selfe to withstand him in obedience and had an especiall confidence in the people of the Countrey and also in a hundred men of warre which he had attending on his person Whereupon he spread his Ensigne on the behalfe of his Maiestie esteeming in nothing the threatninges bragges and fayre promises of Don Diego which were written vnto him by his Letters But rather made a playne aunswer that in no wyse he would receyue him for Gouernour vntyll such tyme as his Maiestie should commaund the same by expresse order and Commission And in the meane whyle he hoped through the helpe of God and those Gentlemen which were in his company to reuenge the death of the Lorde Marquesse and to punishe theyr disobedience and offences doone against his Maiestie When Don Diego vnderstoode the pretence of Aluarado incontinent he dispatched Captayne Garcia de Aluarado with a great company of foote men and Horse men commaunding him to encounter and giue him the Onset with all his industrie and power and that in the way as he should passe to enter into the Citie of Saint Mighell and there to take bothe Armor and Horses from the Cittizens and at his returne to doo the lyke in the Cittie of Trâ—gillio In this order Garcia de Aluarado tooke his iorney by Sea vntyll he arriued at Puetia Sancta which standeth fifteene Leagues distaunt from Trugillio where he mette Captaine Alonso Cabrera who came flying away with all the people of the Towne of Guanuco to ioygne with the Cittizens of Trugillio against Don Diego which cause being perfectly knowen he tooke bothe him and certayne of the chéefest of his company Who as soone as he was come to the Cittie of Saint Mighell he caused to strike of the heads bothe of him and one Villegas which came in his company Howe the Cittie of Cusco arose for his Maiestie and chose for their Captayne generall Pedro Aluares Holgui and what followed Chap. 11. WHen the Messengers and Prouisions of Don Diego came to the Cittie of Cusco where at that tyme Diego de Silua sonne of Felisiano de Silua borne in the Cittie of Rodrigo and Francisco de Caruatall Sheriffes of the Cittie But Caruatall was afterwarde Campe maister to Gonsalo Pisarro So that the Estate of the Cittie agréede in Councell not to allowe nor yet receyue him although openly they durst not denie his commaundement and request vntyll they might pefectly vnderstande and know what number of men prouision he had in readinesse to procéede with his enterprise whervpon they made a bréefe aunswere saying that they desyred it might please Don Diego to send a more ample authoritie and power touching the premisses then as yet he had done then in continent they would allowe the same After that the Messengers were
Citie of Cusco where he made new processe against Don Diego and after certaine daies commaunded hym to bee behedded He likewise released out of prison Diego Mendez with other twoo prisoners whiche had serued against hym who as soone as thei were at libertie went vnto Inga into the Mountaines called Andez whiche through the asperous entrie are inexpugnable Inga receiued them very ioyfully and shewed greate sorroâ—e for the death of his frende Don Diego whom he loued excedingly as appeared for when he passed that waie he gaue vnto hym many shortes of Maile and Corselettes and other sortes of armor which he had taken from the Christians which he had ouercome and slaine when thei went to aide Gonsalo Pisarro and Iuan Pisarro in Cusco sent by the Lorde Marques aâ— hereâ—ofore hath béen declared He had also Indians disguised at the battaile to bryng hym newes of the successe thereof How Vaca de Castro sent to discouer the Countrey by diuerse wayes Chap. 22. THe battayle agaynst Don Diego béeing wonne and the countrey pacified Vaca de Castro deuised to deuide his men of Warre and not hauing wherwith to gratifie them all except hee should send them to conquer abrod in the countrey wherupon hee commaunded Captayne Vergara that with the company which hee had brought to serue his Maiestie hee should returne to his conquest of the Bracamoros hee sente also Captayne Diego de Rojas and Phillip Gutierez with 300. menâ— Eastward to discouer that countrey which afterward they did inhabite which countrey ioyneth with the Riuer of Plate With Captayne Monroy hee sent succour to the Prouince of Chili to Captaine Pedro de Valdiuia hee sente also Captaine Iuan Perez de Gueuarra to conquer the Lande of Mullobamba which hée tofore had discouered and is a countrey more hilly then playne out of the side of which hilles springeth two greate riuers which falleth into the Northen Sea The one is called Maranion of the which heretofore wée haue spoken and the other is called the riuer of Plate the naturall people of that countrey are Cariues which eateth mans flesh The countrey is so hoat that the people goe naked sauinge light Mantels which they wrap about their bodies In this countrey Iuan Perez had vnderstandinge of another great Lande which standeth beyonde those Hilles toward the North where are ritch Mynes of Gold and there br â—acute edeth Cammels and sundry sortes of Powltery like vnto those of the new Spayne and also sheepe somewhat lesser then the Sheepe of Peru and all their corne ground is watered with slewces because there it seldome rayneth yet there is a maruailous great Lake froÌ„ the which issueth many riuers on the borders wherof are many villages replenished with people In all those Riuers are certaine Fishes like vnto great Mastiffes which often times doo bite the Indians which enter into those Riuers or passe â—longe the riuer sides for they vse to come many times out of the Riuers This countrey hath the Riuer of Maranion on the North-side and the countrey of Brasill on the East part which the Portingals now possesse and the riuer of Plate lyeth from thence Sowthward The report was that the Wemen called Amazons dwel in that countrey Now Vaca de Castro hauing dispatched his Captaynes and Souldiers on these discoueries he abode in Cusco one yere and a halfe making reperticion of the Indians which were vacant and putting things in order in the countrey Hee likewise made Statutes to the great vtillitie of the coÌ„mon Weale and conseruacion of the Indians In this season was discouered in the Comarkes or borders of Cusco the richest mynes of Golde that vnto this day the like at any time had not beene seene especially in a riuer called Carabaya in which Mynes one Indian hath gathered 50. poyzes in one daye and al the countrey was throughly quieted and the Indian people cherished and defended from the greate wronges which in former time they receiued At this time came Gonsalo Pisarro to Cusco for till now hée could not obtayne lycence so to doo And after that hee had abode there certaine dayes he went to Charcas to deale in matters of his profite and there remayned till the Viceroy Blasco Nunez Vela came into the countrey FINIS The discouery of the ritche Mynes of Potosi how captaine Carauajall toke it into his power THE RICHE MINES OF POTOSSI FOrtune hauing shewed her selfe so amiable to Captaine Carauajall it appeareth y t now shée hath brought him to the top of the Hill of Prosperitie It happened that after certaine dayes that the Indians and Anaconas of Iuan de Villa Roell Cittizen of the Towne of Plata went trauailing in the countrey about 18. leagues distant from the sayde Towne they chaunced to come to a highe Hill scituated in a Playne in the which they found manifest tokens of siluer wherupon they began to melte out of a vayne which séemed riche The riches was so great which heare they founde that almost in euery vayne where they made their ensay they founde the greatest parte of Ewre to â—e fine siluer and the basest Mines were by valuacion .480 duckets in euery hundred weight of Ewre which is the greatest riches that euer hath ben seen or written of When the Iustice of the towne of Plate had vnderstandynge of this fortunate successe the Ruler of the sayd Towne came deuided the said Mynes amonge the townes men and eche of them made his choyse according to his lot The Indians and Anaconas which came thither to worke were many in number in sutch sort that in short time they built at the foote of the saide hill a Towne to dwell in which multiplied in suche wise that there inhabited of Indian workemen aboue .7000 persons which did so well vnderstand that businesse that they came to agréement with their maisters to allow vnto them a wéekely pention but their gayne was twise so mutche as they payde vnto their maysters The vaines of these Mines is of sutche qualitie that the Ewre wil not melt with y e winde of Bellowes as in other Mines are accustomed but their meltyng is in certain litle Furnaces called Guayras wherein they vse to melt with coles and sheepes dung with the only force of the ayre with out any other instrument These Mines are called Potosi by reason that al the borders there about are so called These Indian workemen are riche for he that hath but â—oure or fiue thousand poyzes is counted but poore notwithstandyng the great pension or tribute which they pay vnto their maisters and all such workemen which come thither to worke will not willingly depart from thence by reason that their paines peril is not comparable to other Mines by blowynge of the bellowes with the greate smoke of the â—oles and likewise the Sulfer of the vaynes of Ewre When the reperticion of these Mines were made they began to prouide all sortes of necessary Uictualles for the woorkemen which was a thing very difficil
cleere his way of all such stones dust euen to the very strawes that might disturbe him Then folowed the rest of the nobilitie carryed vpon their vassales shoulders in a certaine kinde of Littersâ— estéeming in nothing the christian force but rather iudged to take them napping wâ—ithout any kind of resistaÌ„ce because a certaine Indian R Ruler sent word to Atabaliba that these newcome men were but few in number yea such as could not trauai la on foote but of necessitie were forced to ryde on greate strange shéepe Requesting therefore that he might haue the vauntgard But when hee came to the place called Tambo of Caxamalca and saw but the company of Footemen because the Horsemen lay in ambush hee deemed that those ryders on the great Sheepe durst not appeare Whereupon he went into his Litter saying these men haue already yealded and the others confirmed his sayinge Then came the Bishoppe father Vincent de Valuerde with a Breuiary in his handes saying That one God in Trinitie had created Heauen Earth and all Creâ—aâ—ures Hee also made Adam the first man on the earâ—h and also made Eue his wife of a ribbe taken out of hiâ— body Of which two persons all mankinde were engendred and that through the disobedience of these two persons our forefathers we al fel into sinne so that we could not obtain grace to enter into heauen to enioy the sight of God vntil Christ our redéemer came was born of a pure virgine to saue vsâ— and for that intent effecte hee suffered mâ—st bitter death and passion After the which the thirde day hee rose agayne gloryfied and for certayne dayes hee abode in the world and then ascended vp into heauen leauing for teachers of his holy Lawes his sacred Apostles Furthermore sayde hee this our Countrey God hath lefte in charge to the Emperoure of Christians called the Lorde Charles our Soueraigne who hath sent in his steade the Gouernour Don Francisco Pisarro who is here present to warne and notifye vnto you on Gods behalfe all my former wordes And also if you will beleeue and bee baptyzed rendering obedience to his Maiestie as a greate parte of Christendome doeth hee will defende you and also maintayne your Countrey in peace and iustice and reserue vnto you your Liberties as hee hath vsed to doe to other kings and princes But if this gentle offer bee refused the Gouernoure here present will committe you to cruell warre with Fyer and Sworde and the Launce in hand And as touching the Faith of Iesu Christ and his holy Gospell after that yée shall be wellâ—instructed therein and wyll assuredlye beléeue the same you shall then doe the thinges conuenyent for the saluaâ—ion of your foules But if not you shall not be forced thereunto When Atabaliba had heard the Bishoppes râ—lasion hee aunswered how that Countrey and all therein contayned his Father and Auncestors had gotten and lefte the same to his Brother Guascar Inga and because at that instante hee had ouercommen him in battayle and had hym Prysonâ—r the Lande appartayned vnto him and that by meanes thereof hee possessed the same and therefore hee vnderstoode not how the Emperour or by what title could require his Countrey But quoth he I wil defend his pretence And as concerning Iesu Christ and his mightie workes he said y t he knew nothing therof â—or yet beléeued that there was anye other Creator but only the Sunne who hee helde for his chiefe God and the earth for their mother And that the Gods called Guacas and Pachacama had created all other earthly thinges And as touching the Emperour he knew not what he was because he neuer saw him He also demaunded how the bishop did know that all those thinges were true which hee had rehearsed vnto him The bishop answered that in the booke which hee held in his hand therein those things were written and that the same booke was holy scripture come from God Atabaliba desired that he would let him sée that booke which forthwith was deliuered vnto him and hauing it in his hands he turned from leafe to leafe Why quoth he this booke speaketh not one word to me therewith threw it on the ground Wherewith the bishop taking vp his booke againe cryed vpon them vpon them But the Gouernour expecting that the Indians should haue begun meaning therby to haue the greater aduauntage but now thinking it not conuenient to make any longer delay he sent word to his brother Hirnando Pisarro that he should geue the onset and also forthwith commauÌ„ded the Ordinance to be shot of and then the horsemen began to encounter with the force of the enemie in three partes and the Gouernour with the footemen tooke the way to the personall force of Atabaliba brake the array of his front euen vntil he came to his Litter where hee â—lew the Cascikes which carryed the Litter who were no sooner slayne when others tooke the place But the Gouernour seeing the victory as he thought long and although many Indians were slayne yet the death of one of his men did import much whereupon hee him selfe with noble courage came to the Litter of Atabaliba and tooke him by the heare of his head which he vsed to weare long according to the vse of his couÌ„trey with force drew him out of the Litter In the meane season his company were so vehemente that they so â—aâ—hed with their Wâ—apons on the Litter which was of Golde tâ—â—t by â—ish 〈◊〉 they hurt the Gouernours hand and althâ—ugh a greate troupe of Indians caâ—e to rescue their Prince yet it preuayled not but in fine was taken Prisoner by the Gouernour But when his Warriers saw their Chiefetaine taken and they assaulted on euery side and especially with the fury of the Horsemen to whose force they had not beene accustomed they began to retire and flye with all spéede possible leauinge their Armour behinde them yea the haste in the retire was such that one disturbed another in the flight the Horsemen made great spoyle among them and followed their Uictory till the night caused them to cease But whan the Indian Captaine of greatest trust called Ruminagui heard the thunderinge noyse of the Ordenance and also saw his priuy Watche which stoode on a high Rocke throwen downe by a Christian then fearing â—he daunger hée with all his charge also tooke them to the swiftnes of their feete and neuer rested vntil he came to the Prouince of Quito which was distant from the place where the Battayle was aboue 250. Leagues as hereafter shalbe declared How Atabaliba commaunded his Brother Guasâ—ar to be slayne and how Hernando Pisarro proceeded in the Discouery Chap. 6. WHen Atabalâ—ba was taken Prisoner the next day following the Treasure and spoile was ioyned together and assuredly it was a rare yea and maruailous thinge to see the number of Uessels both of Siluer Golde which was found in the Indian Campe and also the gallaunt Tentes made after their fashion and
the one from the other Pedro Aluares imagining by coniecture that he was not sufficiently manned to encounter with Don Diego â— he vsed this pollicie to deceyue him in this sort He appointen twentie Horsemen on a night to enter vpon the face of the Uautgarde of Don Diego to apprehende as many of his men as they possible might the which his coÌ„maundement was accordingly done and in the assault they tooke thrée meÌ„ prisoners which they brought away with them of the which Pedro Aluares coÌ„maunded to hang two and the thirde he promised to pardon and to giue him a thousand Poyzes in golde on coÌ„dition that he should goe to the Campe of Don Diego there to giue warning to as many of his fréends as he might to be in a readinesse to ayde him for that the next night following he meant to enter Don Diego his Campe on the right hand And for the performance of this facte the Soldiour made a solempne oathe For Pedro Aluares fayned that he had put in him his faithfull and speciall trust not to discouer his secrets Wherupon the young man with the desire of the thousaÌ„d Poyzes departed to accomplishe his promise and being Soldiour to Don Diego he passed so much the more surer on his way When Don Diego saw his Soldiour come by him vnderstoode how Pedro Aluares had hanged two of his men that he had released that one man without any speciall cause knowen he fell in suspition of the matter and thervpon brought his Soldiour to the Rack who then opened all the secrets that was committed vnto him vnto whose sayinges Don Diego gaue credite thinking all to be true that was confessed Wherupon the night following he prepared all his force on that hand where he thought Pedro Aluares would haue entred but God wot Pedro Aluares meant no such thing for as soone as he had dispatched the Spie the night being darke he remooued his Campe and with all possible haste procéeded on his way leauing the enimie expecting all the night long when he should be assaulted vntyll at length he sawe how he was deceiued and laughed to scorne so that then he also remooued his Campe and continewed on his way with great haâ—te after him When Pedro Aluares vnderstoode y e spéed that his enimie made he sent a Poste to Alonso de Aluarado praying him to come and succour him Who as soone as the Poste had done his Message vnto him he came with all his power to ayde his fréende Pedro Aluares But when Don Diego vnderstoode y t bothe his contraries were ioyned with all theyr force he ceassed from following of them and tooke his way towarde Cusco Then Pedro Aluares and Alonso de Aluarado sent theyr Messengers to Guito with aduertisement of all theyr procéedinges to Vaca dâ— Castro beséeching him to make spéede to come vnto them promising that with Gods helpe they would delyuer the Countrey vnto him In Xauxa deceassed Iuan de Herrada and Don Diego sent some part of his Hoast by the way of the plaines to ioyne with the inhabitants of Arequipa whether his Captains also went who robbed spoyled all y t they might lay hold on in the Cittie yea and not contented with the ritches which they found aboue grounde they digged and delued in Churches because some there were that had informed how the Cittizens had buried theyr Treasure there How Vaca de Castro came to the Campe of Pedro Aluares and Alonso de Aluarado and was by them receyued for Gouernour and what followed Chap. 13. THe euyll successe of Vaca de Castro in his Nauigation hath bene already declared how comming from Panama to passe into Peru he happened to loose an Anker wherby his Shippe roade at an extremitie By meanes whereof he was forced to ariue at the Port called Buenaâ—Ventura which is asmuch to say as the Port of good Fortune and from thence he came to the gouernation of Benalcasar and so into Peru In which iourney he passed much trouble because the way was long and vnprouided of victualles and he also weake of infirmity and not accustomed to such kinde of diet yet notwithstanding the premisses in Popayan he had vnderstanding of the Marquesse death and of all the successe of the affayres in Peru in consideration wherof he contine wed daily on his iourney hoping that with his presence all discord should ende It is to be vnderstoode that although the Lycenciate Vaca de Castro his comming was principally to make informatioÌ„ of the death of Don Diego de Almagro of all such thinges which had happened concerning the same without suspending the Marquesse gouernment Yet moreouer he had secret Letters Patents in such sort that if in the meane whyle that he abode in that Countrey should happen the Marquesse to deceasse and leaue this mortall life that then he should take and exercise his roome and charge vntyll his Maiestie should otherwise prouide By vertue of which Letters Patent he was accepted receyued as soone as he was come to the Campe of Pedro Aluarez and Alonso de Aluarado where also were many others that hauing notice of his comming came thether to receyue him He brought in his company Captayne Lorenso de Aldana who was at that instant gouernour in Cuito by the appointment of the Marquesse From hence he sent before his departure Pedro de Puelles to prepare all furniture necessarie for the Warres he dispatched also Gomez de Roias borne in the Towne of Cuellar with his power and prouisions directed to the Rulers of the Cittie of Cusco requiring them to admitte him according to the contentes thereof who made such haste on his iourney that he came to the Cittie before Don Diego and ascited the Cittizens with his message which was wyllingly accepted When Vaca de Castro passed by Bracamoros Captaine Pedro de Vargara who was occupied in the coÌ„quest of that Prouince came and submitted him selfe vnto him and to serue him he left a Towne which he had newly inhabited without people in which Towne he had once fortified him selfe meaning there to resist the force of Don Diego de Almagro WheÌ„ Vaca de Castro was come to the Citie of Trugillio he found there Gomez de Tordoya who was lately come from the Campe about certaine words which he had passed with Pedro Aluarez with him were Garcilasso de la Vega and other Gentlemen At the instaunt when Vaca de Castro departed from Trugillio to goe to the CaÌ„pe of Pedro Aluarez he had in his company aboue two hundred men of warre well furnished as soone as he was come to the Campe bothe Pedro Aluarez and Alonso de Aluarado receyued him ioyfully and after that he had shewed the Emperours order vnto them they delyuered incontinent theyr Ensignes vnto him and he foorthwith restored them againe sauing the royall Standard which he kept for him selfe This done he appointed Pedro Aluares Holguin Campe maister and sent him with all the Armie to Xauxa
to abide there his further order whylst he went downe to the Cittie of the kinges to gather together all such men Armour MunicioÌ„ which there he might finde leauing the Cittie furnished He comaunded also y e Captaine Diego de Roias should alwayes goe twentie leagues before the Armie with thirty lyght Horsemen to discouer the way he sent lykewise Diego de Mora for Lieutenant of the Cittie of Trugillio and with great dexteritie diligence he prouided all other thinges necessarie for his pretended enterprise now in hand euen as though all his life time he had bene brought vp in the Warres Howe Don Diego slewe Garcia de Aluarado in Cusco and howe he came out of the Cittie with his Armie against Vaca de Castro Chap. 14. IT hath bene declared howe that after that Don Diego sawe that he could not ouertake Pedro Aluares he went to Cusco but before his comming Christouall de Sotelo who he had sent before him had taken possession of the Cittie and placed the Officers of Iustice according to his owne pleasure and vnplaced such as were appointed by Vaca de Castro As soone as Don Diego was come to the Cittie he began to gather all the Artillerie and Gunpouder that he might come by In Peru there is good prouision to make Ordenaunce by reason of the aboundaunce of Mettall which there is founde and also at that tyme there were certayne Leuantiscos who were cunning Maisters in casting of Artyllerie and also expert in the making of Gunpouder whereof they had store by the meane of the great quantitie of Salt péeter which there is found He also made Weapon for such as wanted of paste of Siluer Copper mixed together of the same stuffe they wrought exceeding good Corselets besides this prouision all the Armor of the Countrey was brought to his CaÌ„pe so y t he furnished two hundred Hargabusiers He also ordained certaine men of Armes although vntyll this time they vsed in Peru to fight on Horsebacke after the Genet facion seldome vsed to skyrmiâ—h with lyght Horsemen Being in this readinesse happened a certaine discorâ—e betweene Captaine Garcia de Aluarado and Christouall de Sotelo in the which Sotelo was slaine whereupon great mischeefe was lyke to ensue among the Soldiours because each of them had many fréends so that all the whole Campe was deuided so that if Don Diego with amorous wordes had no pacified the matter thei had one slain an other Notwithstanding Garcia de Aluarado vnderstoode that Don Diego was greatly affectioned to Sotelo and would not let to reuenge his quarell Wherfore from that tyme forward he had the greater regard to loke to his owne safetie not onely for the defence of his persone but likewise mynded to kill Don Dieogo the whiche his pretence he determined to put in execution So that on a daie he inuited hym to Dinner purposyng to kille hym in his diete But Don Diego suspectyng the matter faigned that he was not well at ease after that he had excepted the banket When Garcia de Aluarado sawe that his deuise could take no place hauyng all thing in a readinesse for his pretended enterprise he determined with diuers of his frendes to goe and to inportune hym co come to the banket and in the waie as he went he chanced to disclose his minde to one Martine Carillio who perswaded hym not to proceede vpon that iourney for ê™ he I feare you will bee slaine an other souldiar likewise gaue hym the same counsell but all their aduise could not preuaile Don Diego fained hym self sicke and laie hym doune vpon his bed hauyng secretly in an other chamber certaine armed men So that when Garcia de Aluarado entered the chamber with his coÌ„panie he saied vnto Don Diego sir if it maie please your lordship to arise for your sicknesse is nothing you shall also find ease if you will recreate your self awhile for although you eate nothing yet you shall garnishe our table Unto whoÌ„ DoÌ„ Diego aunswered that he was content and sorthwith arose and called for his cloake For he laye vpon his bedde hauyng on his priuie coate his Rapier and Dagger Garcia de Aluarado and the residue were goyng out at the Chamber doore but when the moste of them were cleane without the doore and as Aluerado was passyng out before Don Diego Iuan de Herrada whiche stood next the dore staied his goyng out and made the dore fast whiche lockt without any keye and therevpon tooke Garcia de Aluarado in his armes saiyng yeeld thy self for prisoner and then Don Diego drewe his Rapier and strake hym saiyng he shall not bee prisoner but rather slaine And then came forthe Iuan Balsa Alonso de Sayauedra and Diego Mendez brother to Rodrigo Orgonios and others of theÌ„ which were in ambush who gaue hym so many woundes that he was soone dead When this newes was knowne in the Citie there began a broile emong them But when Don Diego came out into the Market place of the Citie he quieted the people yet notwithstanding many of Garcia de Aluarado his freendes fled awaie After this successe Don Diego proceedeâ— out of the Citie with his armie to encounter with Vaca de Castro whom he vnderstood had ioyned with Pedro Aluaaez â— and Alonso de Aluarado and was coÌ„myng the waie of Xauxa to meete with hym In all â—his iourney Pauloz brother to Inga serued DoÌ„ Diego who Don Diego de Almagro the elder now deceassed had instituted Inga whose aide was of greate importance Because alwaies he went before the Campe. And although he had but fewe Indians in coÌ„panie yet all the Prouinces in the land had respect vnto hym and for his sake thei prouided bothe victualls and Indians to carie the fardage and other necessarie thinges How Vaca de Castro departed from the citie of the Kinges to Xauxa and what his doynges were whilest he he abode there Chapt. 15. AFter that Vaca de Castro came to the citie of the kinges he caused many Hargabuzes to be made hauyng at that instant many connyng maisters fit for the purpose He furnished hym also of all other necessaries for the prouision whereof he borowed of marchantes the somme of 60000. poizes of gold because Don Diego had spent all the kyngs treasure before his commyng When all thinges were in a readinesse Vaca de Castro left in the citie of the Kynges for his Lieutenant Francisco de Barrio Nueuo and Ihon Perez de Gueuarra for captaine of the Nanie and then he tooke his iourney wiâ—h all his power toward Xauxa leauing order in the citie that if Don Diego should happen to come vpon the citie by any other waie not expected as some did imagine that he would â—hat then all the Citezens with their wiues children families and goodes should goe about the shippes vâ—till suche tyme as he with his armie should followe hym to giue hym battaile At his comyng to Xauxa he found Pedro Aluarez abidyng his comyng with all his