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A32690 A character of His Most Sacred Majesty, Charles the Second, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. written by Dr. Charleton, physician in ordinary to His Maiestie. Charleton, Walter, 1619-1707. 1661 (1661) Wing C3665; ESTC R10217 10,855 30

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Strength by Sea that Nature hath given it The daily encrease of His Royal Navy speaks Him to be of that opinion which Cicero in Epist. ad Atticum ascribes to Pompey the Great where he saith Confilium Pompeii plane Themistocleum est putat enim qui Mari potitur eum Rerum etiam poti●i Which doubtless is true the vast excesse of Power His MAJESTY hath in that particular above all Princes and States of Europe duely consider'd as well because he that is Master of the Sea is at liberty to begin or end a Warre where when and upon what Terms He pleaseth as because the Wealth of both Indies seems in great part but an Accessary to the Soveraignty of the Seas But why do I single out Particular testimonies of that Prudence which is in it self General and runs in full streams through all His MAJESTY's Counsels and proceedings Especially when it is already visible to the world that in Nature nothing is so Sublime But it may be comprehended by His MAJESTY's vast Understanding nothing so Mean as to escape His Curiosity Wherefore as the sacred Scripture saith of the wisest King that his Heart was as the sands of the Sea which though one of the largest bodies in the bulk or masse is yet made up of the smallest particles so may I say of His MAJESTY to whom God hath given an Intellect so exceeding capacious as it seems able to comprehend the Greatest matters and to apprehend the Smallest and not to suffer them to escape His Observation As Wisdom appears to direct His Counsels so doth JUSTICE to regulate His Power which accordingly he useth to no other end but the vindication of Right and suppression of Wrong If with Moralists and Civil Lawyers we understand Iustice to be Constans perpetua voluntas jus suum cuique tribuendi a constant and unalterable Will of giving to every man what is his due and grant that the Precepts or rather duties of a man perfectly just are all comprehended in these Three Honestè vivere Alterum non laedere Suum cuique tribuere then may we safely conclude His MAJESTY to be s●rictly Iust. For He lives uprightly doth injury to none gives every man his due as is evident from hence that in so short and as he might have made it to Himself so advantagious a time no Prince ever took more care or made better prov●sion to redresse publick Wrongs and Oppressions than He hath done and from hence that even in matters appertaining to His Royal Prerogative He still hath referred Himself to the Determination of the Law which as it is in it self the Rule of Justice so doth He make it the Rule of His Will in all deliberations keeping His Eye rather upon the Equity than the Utility of the thing proposed Plato I remember in his Dialogue betwixt Euthryphro and Socrates concerning Sanctity brings in the Former speaking to the Latter in these words Iusti partem O Socrates sanctum pium essereor quae scilicet circa Deorum curam versatur eam verò quae ad Hominum curam pertinet reliquam esse justitiae partem plainly importing that Justice hath Two main Branches one that points upwards and contains a due care of the Worship of God another that shoots forth in a streight line and extends it self to a care of the good and welfare of Men in Societies Now if we reflect upon what His MAJESTY hath already done in both these Respects we cannot but acknowledge Him to be a Iust Prince also according to this Opinion of Plato For As to the First He is a KING to whom no Interest is so dear no Care so constant as that of RELIGION and the true Worship of God Which that I may omit His interiour Piety and impregnable Constancy in the Faith in which He was educated is unquestionably evident in this that though it be not long since Providence Divine restored Him to the Throne of His Royal Progenitors yet hath He already restored God to His Country to God his Temples to Temples their Sacred Things to Sacred Things Reverend Prelates to Prelates their Dignities with security and this by a Zeal most noble a Prudence admirable and a Felicity not only to Posterity but even to Us who are at this day blest therewith well nigh incredible Nor doth it seem that Reason of State or a consideration of the neer Sympathy that alwayes is between the State Civil and the State Ecclesiastical which even the Scripture intimates in that saying translato Sacerdotio necesse est ut Legis fiat translatio alone induced His MAJESTY to the restitution of Episcopacy but rather a judicious Piety grounded upon a strong assurance that of all Orders in the Church none is more Antient none more Sacred and Venerable none more beneficial to the peace and unity of it than that of Bishops Moreover what by gentle Counsels what by convincing Arguments what by His own great Example His MAJESTY hath reduced to their Wits again and almost to Conformity with both the Doctrine and Discipline of Holy Church no small number of Fanatiques a most refractary Sect of People who so make themselves Arbiters of Religion and Governours that they measure their Duties to Both not by the rule of Precepts Divine not by their Countries Lawes and Rites but only by their own delusive Dreams which like Furies drive them head-long upon all the absurdities and extravagances of a distracted Superstition Yea what is yet more horrid they seem to o●tvy the Devil himself in Blasphemy For He said I will ascend and be like the Highest but they personate God and bring Him in saying I will ●●scend and be like the Prince of Darknesse in that they pretend the inspiration of His Holy Spirit to justifie their cruel and execrable actions of taking up Armes against their Soveraign murthering their fellow Subjects and attempting to subvert Government As to the Other His MAJESTY is a KING who hath as it were by His very Presence brought present Remedy to the inveterate and otherwise n●urable Distempers of Great Britain and like Iupiter the Preserver as it were in a moment recomposed His Country almost torn in pieces by Civil Discords and Factions Nine moneths are not yet fully past when we beheld before our eyes the Image of a Common-wealth most sad and deplorable when all things appear'd dolefull troubled and confused and when we complained that to compleat our Calamities nothing remained but the total Extirpation of Three famous Nations and yet at this thrice happy day so hath His MAJESTY changed the condition of His three Kingdomes that all things are not only in a deep Quiet but also in Prosperity the Laws are so religiously observed that we find our selves in the arms of a most delightfull Peace nor can we imagine what is wanting to our highest Liberty unlesse it be the Licence of destroying our selves Iam Fides et Pax et Honor Pudorque Priscus et neglecta redire
For Offences against His sacred Person He yet hath punish'd none for offences against His Laws very few and those Villains of desperate contumacy such as appeared to have made a Vow never to repent never to be innocent Nor did He punish These but like the impartial Law that by their Example others might be deterred from committing the like horrid Crimes and that the Good might live in more security the Bad being taken away ●osmus Duke of Florence had a desperate saying That we are commanded to forgive our Enemies but no where commanded to forgive our Friends intimating that Wrongs from a Friend are unpardonable But His MAJESTY shews His Spirit to be of a more Christian temper detesting such unchristian Policy For He hath pardoned as well Secret as Professed Enemies and extended His Mercy not onely to the Weaknesses of His Friends but even to their Neglects and Perfidiousnesse Which seems to be a chief reason why the wounds of our State heal so fast that otherwise might have remained long green and perhaps have fester'd In a word His MAJESTY's Fortune is so Sublime He cannot want the Solace of Revenge His Mind so Generous He cannot be delighted with it well remembring that it is a Princes part to remit offences and as well understanding that no Ornament is more worthy and becoming the Head of a King than that Civic Crown with this Inscription FOR SUBIECTS SAVED He is a KING whom God hath endowed with that Perspicacity of Wit and a Iudgment so discerning and what is most happy in a King brought up and exercised from His Childhood in those various encounters of adverse Fortune in Exile Travels Cares Hardships Wants and continual Dangers that we may fafely prophesie that hereafter no Disaster shall occurr to disturb the Peace of His Reign that can be inscrutable to His Wisdom or insuperable to His Fortitude For the Latter of these two Virtues certainly no man ever gave clearer proof of it in himself than His MAJESTY hath done The greatest part of His Life hitherto having been no other but a continued Triumph over the sharpest Afflictions and Calamities in all which He hath born Himself with such undaunted Courage bravery of Resolution as if he had at once Fragilitatem Hominis Securitatem Dei. Which the Stoicks themselves allow to be the highest command over Nature and most Heroical pitch of Magnanimity of which Mortality is capable Of his Active Valour likewise other Nations besides this have had more than sufficient Experience and He hath more than once demonstrated that of all the Passions His Breast is least capable of that of Fear unlesse of doing Evil. Insomuch that those of His Followers who had the Honor to attend Him upon a Charge have found it a harder task to with-hold Him from too far endangering His Sacred Person than to beat the Enemy And as for the Former viz. His Wisdom though that be as plainly visible in His MAJESTY's so speedy and dextrous Composure of the many and great Distractions of these Nations since His most happy Restitution as our Madnesse in forcing Him so long to remain in forein Countries was in the extreme Miseries we suffer'd the while yet I ask leave to instance it in one or two Particulars which being the proper Effects may well be alleged as certain Signes of great Wisdom and Sagacity in a Prince First then Principis est virtus maxima nosse suos it is an infallible Oracle of Time that nothing doth more demonstrate and commend the judgment of Princes than their Election of Grand Officers and publick Ministers of eminent parts and singular abilities in their several Functions such as may not onely comport with the dignity of their Places but also encrease and illustrate it And it is in vain for Rulers to take counsel concerning Matters if they take no counsel likewise concerning Persons fit to manage them Matters being as dead Images and the life of the Execution of Affairs wholly resting in the good choice of Individuals Now if we reduce all men more immediately entrusted by Princes to four Orders or Degrees viz. Participes curarum such upon whom the Soveraign dischargeth the greatest weight of his affairs of State Duces Militiae principal Captains or Leaders of His Forces Gratiosos Favourites such as are a solace to Himself and harmlesse to the People and Negotiis Pares such as hold great Places and execute them with sufficiency and then reflect upon the admirable choice His MAJESTY hath at present made in all th●se we shall soon be convinced that His natural Abilities are improved to a high degree of Perfection by Observation and Experience and that He is deeply read in the Natures and dispositions of Men one of the most important points in the Art of Government Secondly it is a sound Maxim in Politiques That in difficult and corrupt times one of the most effectual Antidotes against the Contagion of popular Discontentments and Seditions is for a Prince to nourish Hopes and so to order matters as that unquiet and tumultuous Spirits may be calmed by Expectation where they cannot presently be laid by Satisfact on And of this Preservative His MAJESTY like a skilful Esculapius of the State hath made good use since God so miraculously brought Him to the Execution of His Kingly Office For observing the diversity of Factions and multitude of Exorbitant and Male contented Spirits swarming in His Kingdoms and finding it not onely unsafe to the publick but also impossible at once to gratifie Interests manifestly repugnant each to other and to content men who were so immodest and unreasonable as to make themselves Judges of what was fit for Him to grant and measure the Equitablenesse of their Desires by no other Rule but that of their own and their Parties advantage He hath had most timely recourse to this Expedient and handled things in so prudent a manner that no Evil either present or impendent hath appeared so peremptory but that it still hath had some out-let of Hope thereby leaving no party to shipwrack themselves upon the Rock of Despair and most wisely imitating Epimetheus who when Griefs and Evils of all sorts flew abroad out of Pandora's Box to infect Mankind at last shut the lid and kept Hope in the bottom Now This as it shews the Universality of His MAJESTY's Care and His willingnesse to include all men in the Circle of His Providence so doth it shew likewise the profoundnesse of His Iudgment in that He estimates His Concessions rather by the real Utility than the Importunity of Suters and that He is not forgetful of that Saying of Seneca 2 de Benef. Sunt quaedam nocitura impetrantibus quae non dare sed negare beneficium est To these may be added a Third Instance of His MAJESTY's extraordinary Sufficiency in the Sacred Mysteries of Empire and that is His great Preparations to improve the principal Dowry of this His Kingdom of Great Britain the Vantage of