must_v be_v enforce_v to_o begin_v their_o work_n anew_o as_o ofttimes_o as_o you_o overthrow_v it_o insomuch_o as_o the_o besieger_n find_v himself_o so_o entertain_v he_o approach_v with_o much_o more_o ceremony_n and_o at_o last_o his_o soldier_n draw_v back_o so_o that_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v very_o fit_a that_o the_o besiege_v shall_v make_v frequent_a sally_n but_o they_o must_v make_v they_o at_o several_a hour_n that_o so_o they_o may_v the_o better_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n with_o few_o man_n but_o resolute_a to_o avoid_v the_o disorder_n in_o the_o retreat_n and_o to_o do_v no_o other_o thing_n but_o what_o be_v command_v for_o though_o you_o find_v not_o resistance_n at_o the_o fall_n on_o as_o be_v usual_a if_o you_o stay_v to_o little_a purpose_n you_o run_v the_o hazard_n to_o be_v ill_o lead_v off_o at_o the_o retreat_n the_o other_o particularity_n of_o defence_n depend_v upon_o those_o of_o assail_a the_o besieger_n teach_v you_o by_o necessity_n what_o you_o be_v to_o do_v wherein_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o practice_n and_o experience_n which_o can_v well_o direct_v you_o chap._n xiii_o of_o artillery_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o speak_v of_o artillery_n after_o siege_n since_o it_o be_v principal_o by_o mean_n thereof_o that_o town_n be_v take_v and_o that_o since_o this_o have_v be_v in_o use_n there_o be_v no_o place_n find_v impregnable_a if_o they_o be_v not_o inaccessible_a it_o have_v change_v all_o the_o form_n and_o matter_n of_o fortification_n for_o in_o stead_n of_o tower_n and_o ancient_a wall_n which_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v it_o we_o now_o make_v bulwark_n and_o other_o work_n of_o earth_n we_o may_v say_v that_o it_o have_v even_o in_o a_o manner_n alter_v the_o manner_n of_o make_v war_n ancient_o they_o begin_v their_o approach_n to_o town_n where_o now_o we_o end_v they_o for_o on_o the_o first_o day_n they_o lodge_v on_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o moat_n and_o now_o adays_o we_o must_v go_v a_o great_a way_n before_o we_o come_v at_o it_o then_o the_o circumvallation_n be_v make_v out_o of_o reach_n of_o arrow_n only_o now_o they_o must_v be_v make_v beyond_o reach_n of_o cannon_n than_o it_o matter_a not_o though_o the_o fortress_n of_o the_o encamp_v army_n be_v overtop_v so_o as_o they_o have_v their_o other_o convenience_n nowadays_o there_o must_v be_v care_v take_v above_o all_o thing_n that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o those_o time_n two_o army_n be_v quiet_o lead_v in_o battalion_n at_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o pace_n distance_n from_o each_o other_o and_o remain_v there_o whole_a day_n without_o be_v able_a to_o be_v dislodge_v but_o by_o a_o hazard_n of_o a_o general_a battle_n now_o one_o can_v be_v before_o another_o but_o out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o cannon_n otherwise_o he_o that_o have_v most_o of_o they_o or_o that_o have_v plant_v they_o best_o beat_v out_o the_o other_o without_o fight_v at_o that_o time_n a_o general_n of_o a_o army_n can_v know_v the_o order_n of_o his_o enemy_n at_o a_o near_a distance_n and_o form_v his_o own_o according_a to_o that_o seek_v his_o advantage_n upon_o the_o defect_n of_o another_o and_o all_o without_o danger_n now_o these_o thing_n can_v no_o more_o be_v observe_v but_o so_o far_o off_o as_o you_o must_v rather_o trust_v to_o your_o own_o good_a order_n then_o upon_o any_o defect_n in_o that_o of_o your_o enemy_n then_o one_o army_n can_v charge_v another_o without_o lose_v their_o order_n because_o they_o have_v not_o above_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o pace_n to_o march_v in_o these_o time_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o observe_v it_o in_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o half_a a_o league_n together_o and_o to_o find_v a_o plain_a which_o shall_v be_v even_o and_o without_o hindrance_n whereunto_o i_o add_v further_o that_o without_o a_o great_a exercise_n of_o march_v in_o battalion_n you_o be_v not_o able_a to_o march_v a_o thousand_o pace_n without_o lose_v all_o your_o distance_n of_o battalion_n and_o squadron_n and_o by_o consequence_n without_o be_v in_o confusion_n since_o therefore_o the_o cannon_n be_v of_o so_o great_a use_n in_o war_n and_o have_v so_o great_a a_o share_n in_o the_o victory_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o you_o know_v how_o to_o make_v good_a use_n of_o it_o it_o be_v a_o engine_n which_o all_o can_v well_o employ_v for_o it_o be_v of_o great_a expense_n and_o belong_v only_o to_o great_a and_o puissant_a state_n to_o make_v ordinary_a use_n of_o they_o they_o tie_v they_o to_o a_o great_a charge_n for_o draught_n there_o be_v a_o hundred_o draught-horse_n require_v to_o draw_v one_o cannon_n for_o battery_n through_o all_o kind_n of_o way_n and_o to_o shoot_v only_o a_o hundred_o bullet_n by_o this_o you_o may_v judge_v according_a to_o the_o number_n which_o you_o mean_v to_o employ_v what_o length_n of_o ground_n it_o take_v up_o to_o manage_v one_o piece_n of_o battery_n well_o there_o must_v be_v eighteen_o man_n beside_o how_o many_o smith_n carter_n farrier_n and_o other_o workman_n must_v there_o be_v in_o the_o train_n to_o repair_v the_o carriage_n how_o many_o carpenter_n to_o make_v bridge_n how_o how_o many_o pioner_n to_o accommodate_v the_o highway_n brief_o a_o army_n which_o carry_v cannon_n with_o it_o can_v march_v but_o leisurely_o and_o that_o which_o have_v none_o can_v do_v no_o great_a effect_n therefore_o in_o these_o time_n the_o artillery_n be_v a_o essential_a part_n of_o a_o army_n but_o withal_o if_o the_o general_n suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v approach_v too_o near_o without_o entrench_v himself_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o disentangle_v himself_o without_o fight_v or_o lose_v it_o which_o can_v so_o happen_v without_o lose_v much_o of_o his_o reputation_n for_o this_o reason_n he_o ought_v to_o inform_v himself_o very_o particular_o of_o all_o that_o depend_v on_o the_o artillery_n and_o that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v deceive_v he_o must_v know_v the_o least_o even_o of_o the_o small_a thing_n namely_o of_o the_o mixture_n sound_v proportion_n weight_n calibre_fw-la and_o carriage_n of_o what_o will_v it_o must_v be_v how_o it_o must_v be_v conduct_v according_a to_o the_o several_a way_n miry_a or_o mountainous_a how_o to_o pass_v river_n how_o to_o secure_v the_o battery_n as_o well_o against_o the_o cannon_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o against_o his_o sally_n what_o ground_n the_o cannon_n must_v have_v for_o his_o reverse_n what_o distance_n between_o piece_n and_o piece_n in_o what_o manner_n the_o platform_n must_v be_v make_v at_o what_o distance_n the_o battery_n be_v sufficient_a and_o other_o thing_n whereof_o i_o do_v not_o here_o specify_v the_o particular_n because_o other_o have_v write_v of_o they_o it_o suffice_v i_o to_o show_v the_o use_n of_o artillery_n the_o chargeableness_n of_o it_o the_o turmoil_n of_o it_o and_o whereunto_o it_o engage_v you_o to_o incite_v general_n not_o to_o rely_v upon_o other_o and_o to_o know_v the_o benefit_n and_o discommodity_n thereof_o so_o well_o that_o they_o may_v make_v use_n of_o the_o one_o to_o their_o advantage_n and_o avoid_v the_o other_o by_o their_o foresight_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o baggage_n and_o pioner_n after_o the_o great_a turmoil_n of_o the_o artillery_n i_o will_v speak_v a_o word_n of_o that_o of_o the_o baggage_n it_o be_v a_o great_a shame_n to_o lose_v it_o but_o it_o be_v also_o a_o hard_a matter_n to_o preserve_v it_o when_o it_o be_v excessive_a there_o be_v nothing_o that_o bring_v so_o much_o disorder_n to_o a_o army_n therefore_o it_o be_v high_o necessary_a to_o reduce_v it_o to_o the_o small_a proportion_n that_o may_v be_v and_o to_o make_v a_o review_n of_o it_o every_o month_n for_o it_o grow_v in_o the_o twinkle_n of_o a_o eye_n we_o be_v so_o delicate_a now_o a_o day_n as_o we_o will_v hardly_o carry_v our_o arm_n much_o less_o will_v we_o carry_v a_o week_n victual_v about_o we_o so_o long_o as_o such_o a_o abuse_n be_v suffer_v in_o a_o army_n it_o will_v make_v itself_o incapable_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v good_a for_o as_o in_o a_o battle_n he_o which_o can_v last_o preserve_v some_o troop_n which_o have_v not_o fight_v carry_v away_o the_o victory_n so_o he_o that_o last_o keep_v his_o army_n in_o health_n complete_a and_o accustom_v to_o labour_n do_v the_o like_a which_o he_o can_v do_v if_o the_o soldier_n be_v so_o delicate_a as_o they_o can_v carry_v their_o baggage_n beside_o that_o sickness_n and_o famine_n get_v not_o into_o a_o army_n but_o by_o this_o rascalliâ—ie_n of_o soldier_n boy_n and_o this_o thing_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o nothing_o be_v of_o such_o importance_n as_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o dissipation_n of_o the_o most_o flourish_a yea_o i_o
island_n he_o give_v they_o combat_n and_o defeat_v they_o which_o force_v they_o afresh_o to_o desire_v peace_n he_o grant_v it_o take_v hostage_n of_o those_o that_o will_v ready_o deliver_v they_o and_o carry_v back_o his_o army_n into_o gallia_n safe_a and_o sound_a only_o two_o ship_n with_o three_o hundred_o soldier_n which_o land_v a_o little_a low_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o those_o of_o teraenne_n which_o cesar_n be_v inform_v of_o hasten_v thither_o with_o his_o cavalry_n rescu_v they_o and_o defeat_v the_o enemy_n observation_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o to_o begin_v a_o war_n in_o autumn_n without_o apparent_a advantage_n in_o a_o country_n undiscovered_a not_o have_v any_o intelligence_n there_o and_o the_o ocean_n to_o pass_v be_v a_o enterprise_n in_o my_o opinion_n well_o worthy_a the_o invincible_a courage_n of_o cesar_n but_o not_o of_o his_o accustom_a prudence_n nevertheless_o this_o escape_n must_v be_v attribute_v to_o his_o good_a fortune_n which_o he_o have_v subject_v to_o his_o will_n for_o in_o this_o design_n where_o it_o seem_v that_o man_n and_o element_n be_v conjure_v against_o he_o the_o earth_n refuse_v he_o victual_n the_o sea_n batter_v his_o ship_n the_o air_n furnish_v tempest_n and_o the_o country_n where_o he_o land_v conspire_v his_o ruin_n he_o constant_o resist_v all_o this_o oppose_v against_o famine_n his_o providence_n of_o make_v provision_n for_o his_o army_n against_o the_o wrack_n of_o the_o sea_n his_o diligence_n in_o repair_v his_o vessel_n against_o the_o assault_n of_o his_o enemy_n his_o army_n to_o resist_v they_o insomuch_o that_o he_o constrain_v they_o to_o beg_v for_o peace_n and_o so_o he_o return_v glorious_o from_o a_o bad_a country_n where_o any_o else_o will_v have_v suffer_v extreme_o let_v we_o also_o consider_v that_o before_o he_o depart_v from_o france_n he_o take_v care_n to_o provide_v what_o be_v necessary_a to_o keep_v it_o in_o obedience_n and_o for_o the_o security_n of_o his_o return_n let_v we_o further_o note_n how_o abundant_a cesar_n be_v in_o his_o invention_n for_o the_o advantageous_a take_n of_o his_o time_n in_o the_o very_a occasion_n itself_o for_o perceive_v that_o his_o soldier_n not_o accustom_v to_o sea-fight_n be_v distract_v at_o their_o land_n he_o in_o the_o very_a action_n change_v his_o first_o order_n and_o with_o his_o galley_n approach_v near_o the_o coast_n and_o in_o spite_n of_o his_o enemy_n land_v and_o they_o see_v a_o kind_n of_o vessel_n they_o know_v not_o be_v affright_v and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o heel_n also_o we_o ought_v to_o admire_v in_o cesar_n two_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v to_o perfection_n and_o which_o render_v a_o commander_n excellent_a namely_o that_o he_o forecast_n and_o provide_v for_o all_o thing_n which_o may_v either_o further_o or_o hinder_v this_o design_n before_o he_o undertake_v it_o and_o that_o in_o the_o very_a execution_n be_v sail_v not_o to_o take_v his_o advantage_n when_o occasion_n present_v it_o or_o to_o remedy_n upon_o the_o instant_a such_o unexpected_a accident_n as_o befall_v wherein_o he_o have_v be_v inimitable_a the_o seven_o war_n the_o v._o book_n cesar_n not_o satisfy_v with_o his_o first_o voyage_n into_o britain_n employ_v the_o winter_n to_o cause_v such_o equipage_n to_o be_v prepare_v as_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o passage_n thither_o the_o second_o time_n and_o according_a to_o his_o custom_n go_v into_o lombardy_n from_o whence_o before_o his_o return_n he_o pass_v into_o sclavonia_n to_o quiet_a some_o sedition_n which_o be_v there_o befall_v illyricum_n illyricum_n afterward_o return_v to_o his_o army_n find_v all_o in_o good_a order_n commend_v every_o man_n for_o their_o diligence_n in_o get_v all_o thing_n in_o readiness_n but_o before_o his_o departure_n he_o go_v to_o trier_n a_o very_a powerful_a people_n about_o a_o division_n fall_v between_o induciomarus_n and_o cingentorix_n the_o two_o great_a man_n of_o the_o town_n the_o last_o come_v to_o he_o and_o promise_v he_o all_o obedience_n the_o other_o prepare_v for_o war_n nevertheless_o fear_v to_o be_v abandon_v yield_v himself_o cesar_n receive_v he_o but_o diminish_v his_o authority_n and_o augment_v that_o of_o cingentorix_n who_o he_o believe_v best_o affect_v to_o he_o which_o do_v he_o continue_v his_o design_n take_v along_o with_o he_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o gallia_n in_o this_o war_n dumnorix_n of_o autun_n make_v difficulty_n cesar_n press_v he_o he_o excuse_v himself_o then_o attempt_v to_o seduce_v the_o gaul_n at_o last_o he_o fly_v cesar_n send_v after_o he_o but_o refuse_v to_o return_v iccius_n iccius_n be_v slay_v he_o embark_v at_o calais_n where_o he_o leave_v labienus_n with_o three_o legion_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n he_o pass_v into_o britain_n and_o land_v without_o resistance_n he_o fortify_v a_o camp_n to_o guard_v his_o vessel_n leave_v q._n atrius_n there_o and_o pass_v further_a force_v the_o camp_n of_o the_o britain_n not_o far_a distant_a from_o thence_o the_o next_o day_n atrius_n send_v he_o word_n that_o the_o tempest_n have_v shatter_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o navy_n he_o return_v thither_o employ_v ten_o whole_a day_n about_o repair_v they_o draw_v they_o on_o shore_n cause_v the_o camp_n to_o be_v well_o fortify_v command_v labienus_n to_o cause_v nâ—w_a ship_n to_o be_v build_v then_o advance_v towards_o cassivellanus_n declare_v general_n for_o the_o britain_n who_o dare_v not_o assail_v he_o but_o when_o he_o go_v to_o forage_v which_o cause_v he_o to_o go_v strong_a and_o in_o good_a order_n &_o after_o he_o have_v trial_n of_o his_o manner_n of_o fight_n by_o some_o skirmish_n he_o defeat_v he_o by_o c._n trebonius_n one_o of_o his_o lieutenant_n who_o go_v thither_o with_o three_o legion_n and_o all_o the_o cavalry_n after_o this_o defeat_n there_o appear_v no_o more_o enemy_n in_o gross_a and_o cesar_n be_v come_v to_o the_o river_n thames_n pass_v it_o at_o the_o 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as_o they_o be_v remove_v from_o their_o camp_n from_o thence_o they_o go_v and_o assail_v cicero_n in_o his_o camp_n another_o of_o his_o lieutenant_n which_o defend_v himself_o with_o much_o difficulty_n cesar_n relieve_v he_o and_o defeat_v the_o gaul_n the_o report_n of_o the_o defeat_n of_o two_o roman_a legion_n incit_v the_o other_o gaul_n to_o revolt_v insomuch_o that_o labienus_n be_v assault_v in_o his_o camp_n by_o induciomarus_n he_o withstand_v the_o assault_n afterward_o conquer_v and_o kill_v he_o as_o the_o first_o defeat_n of_o the_o roman_a legion_n move_v all_o the_o gaul_n to_o revolt_v so_o these_o two_o last_o overthrow_v make_v they_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n observation_n in_o this_o second_o voyage_n of_o cesar_n into_o britain_n though_o he_o go_v thither_o with_o great_a force_n and_o better_o prepare_v then_o at_o first_o have_v supply_v those_o defect_n which_o be_v want_v before_o nevertheless_o go_v into_o a_o country_n which_o he_o can_v not_o come_v to_o but_o by_o sea_n where_o he_o have_v no_o intelligence_n and_o go_v from_o another_o new_o conquer_v subject_a to_o revolting_n and_o which_o grudge_o endure_v subjection_n he_o rather_o therein_o satisfy_v his_o own_o ambition_n then_o that_o he_o add_v any_o great_a profit_n to_o the_o roman_n wherein_o we_o will_v first_o observe_v his_o dexterity_n and_o prudence_n in_o that_o he_o carry_v along_o with_o he_o as_o voluntary_n all_o the_o stir_a spiritâ—_n among_o the_o gaul_n which_o serve_v as_o hostage_n for_o he_o but_o it_o appear_v his_o natural_a clemency_n make_v he_o commit_v a_o error_n in_o content_v himself_o to_o have_v diminish_v the_o authority_n of_o induciomarus_n when_o indeed_o he_o shall_v have_v ruin_v he_o whereof_o he_o find_v the_o inconvenience_n afterward_o second_o that_o he_o never_o be_v move_v at_o any_o unexpected_a accident_n for_o which_o he_o be_v prepare_v as_o if_o he_o
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it_o have_v fail_v it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o here_o only_o one_o tribune_n be_v mention_v which_o cause_v i_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o two_o tribune_n which_o have_v the_o authority_n for_o two_o month_n time_n do_v agree_v to_o command_v every_o day_n by_o turn_n concern_v the_o guard_n it_o be_v keep_v day_n and_o night_n and_o the_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n be_v divide_v into_o eight_o watch_n first_o the_o consul_n be_v guard_v by_o his_o ordinary_a cohort_n then_o every_o body_n make_v their_o guard_n round_o about_o his_o lodging_n and_o beside_o there_o be_v three_o guard_n keep_v one_o at_o the_o questor_n lodging_n and_o the_o two_o other_o at_o the_o lodging_n of_o the_o consul_n two_o lieutenant_n the_o tergiductour_n or_o rear-commander_n order_v the_o guard_n which_o draw_v by_o lot_n which_o shall_v begin_v first_o and_o they_o which_o be_v to_o begin_v be_v lead_v to_o the_o tribune_n which_o then_o command_v who_o give_v they_o the_o order_n of_o the_o 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utility_n only_o i_o will_v say_v that_o the_o soldier_n pay_n must_v be_v so_o proportion_v as_o he_o may_v maintain_v himself_o well_o thereby_o i_o will_v further_o observe_v here_o that_o the_o roman_n charge_v themselves_o with_o the_o furnish_n of_o bread_n apparel_n arms_z and_o tent_n for_o all_o their_o soldier_n and_o beside_o barley_n for_o the_o horseman_n horse_n abate_v these_o thing_n out_o of_o their_o pay_n which_o i_o find_v to_o be_v a_o good_a order_n and_o above_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o make_v a_o army_n subsist_v for_o beside_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o soldier_n be_v bad_a husband_n and_o such_o as_o if_o a_o care_n be_v not_o take_v will_v never_o be_v well_o clothe_v nor_o well_o feed_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o soldier_n shall_v everywhere_o find_v bread_n to_o be_v buy_v and_o that_o he_o shall_v carry_v all_o thing_n with_o he_o which_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o chap._n viii_o of_o their_o order_n of_o battalion_n there_o be_v a_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n about_o the_o order_n of_o battle_n of_o the_o roman_n some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o when_o the_o hastati_fw-la be_v not_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o enemy_n charge_n in_o their_o retreat_n they_o shall_v fall_v into_o the_o order_n of_o the_o principes_fw-la by_o file_n and_o both_o they_o into_o the_o order_n of_o the_o triarii_n and_o so_o to_o renew_v the_o fight_n three_o time_n other_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v do_v by_o troop_n whereof_o i_o conceive_v there_o be_v much_o the_o great_a probability_n hold_v the_o first_o way_n not_o only_o impossible_a to_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n but_o also_o most_o dangerous_a &_o the_o other_o exceed_v feisible_a and_o profitable_a for_o to_o fall_v one_o into_o another_o in_o that_o manner_n by_o file_n
the_o hastati_fw-la must_v then_o fight_v at_o so_o wide_a a_o distance_n that_o between_o two_o file_n they_o may_v receive_v two_o other_o file_n which_o show_v the_o weakness_n of_o this_o first_o order_n which_o be_v so_o range_v in_o battalion_n can_v not_o be_v able_a to_o repulse_n nor_o sustain_v the_o adverse_a battallion_n and_o even_o the_o file_n be_v at_o so_o wide_a a_o distance_n from_o each_o other_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v themselves_o right_a in_o fight_n nor_o to_o observe_v their_o distance_n but_o in_o the_o other_o way_n there_o be_v many_o convenience_n to_o be_v find_v first_o many_o body_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o man_n apiece_o or_o thereabouts_o assault_v a_o battallion_n they_o may_v very_o well_o defeat_v it_o at_o the_o worst_a they_o may_v retreat_v without_o disorder_v themselves_o or_o lose_v their_o distance_n and_o the_o second_o order_n which_o be_v embattel_v behind_o the_o first_o just_a over_o against_o their_o intervall_n may_v easy_o fill_v they_o as_o also_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n the_o three_o body_n may_v supply_v those_o distance_n which_o be_v reserve_v for_o they_o renew_v the_o fight_n three_o time_n and_o that_o which_o confirm_v we_o the_o more_o in_o this_o opinion_n be_v that_o in_o reason_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o next_o the_o description_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o zama_n which_o scipio_n fight_v against_o hannibal_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o scipio_n to_o hinder_v hannibal_n elephant_n from_o rout_v his_o soldier_n cause_v the_o cohort_n of_o the_o principes_fw-la which_o be_v place_v just_a over_o against_o the_o intervall_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la to_o stand_v just_a behind_o they_o so_o to_o leave_v street_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o elephant_n which_o show_v plain_o that_o the_o order_n of_o battalion_n be_v dispose_v by_o cohort_n and_o not_o by_o file_n i_o speak_v not_o of_o the_o velite_n in_o this_o order_n of_o battalion_n nor_o of_o all_o other_o light-armed_n soldier_n because_o they_o fight_v not_o but_o with_o casting-weapon_n and_o afar_o off_o and_o when_o the_o army_n approach_v to_o give_v the_o shock_n they_o retire_v themselves_o behind_o the_o heavie-armed_n now_o to_o form_v the_o say_a order_n i_o will_v say_v that_o the_o file_n be_v always_o of_o ten_o man_n in_o depth_n that_o a_o cohort_n or_o maniple_n of_o a_o legion_n of_o four_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o man_n consist_v always_o of_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o soldier_n and_o consequent_o the_o cohort_n make_v ten_o rank_n and_o twelve_o file_n contain_v at_o six_o foot_n square_a of_o ground_n for_o every_o soldier_n seventy_o two_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o sixty_o in_o depth_n and_o the_o moiety_n of_o it_o when_o they_o be_v at_o three_o foot_n distance_n the_o first_o figure_n of_o a_o cohort_n mistake_n this_o figure_n in_o the_o author_n copy_n have_v 13_o file_n &_o 11_o rank_n which_o i_o conceioee_o to_o be_v a_o mistake_n in_o each_o of_o the_o three_o order_n howsoever_o the_o legion_n be_v weak_a or_o strong_a there_o be_v always_o ten_o cohort_n or_o maniple_n but_o the_o cohort_n be_v either_o increase_v or_o diminish_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o legion_n the_o second_o figure_n of_o ten_o cohort_n the_o two_o first_o order_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a number_n and_o the_o last_o of_o half_a as_o many_o and_o by_o this_o example_n of_o one_o legion_n you_o may_v see_v how_o all_o the_o troop_n pass_v into_o each_o other_o the_o three_o figure_n of_o a_o legion_n i_o conceive_v that_o between_o the_o legion_n there_o be_v a_o far_o great_a distance_n then_o between_o the_o cohort_n that_o so_o they_o may_v prevent_v confusion_n among_o they_o which_o i_o judge_v to_o be_v so_o necessary_a as_o that_o without_o the_o observation_n thereof_o it_o be_v altogether_o impossible_a to_o observe_v any_o good_a order_n concern_v the_o cavalry_n see_v it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o like_a number_n of_o troop_n as_o the_o infantry_n it_o be_v like_a they_o fight_v in_o the_o same_o order_n but_o the_o one_o half_a be_v on_o the_o right_a flank_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o left_a thus_o the_o army_n be_v compose_v of_o six_o great_a body_n namely_o four_o body_n of_o infantry_n and_o two_o body_n of_o the_o cavalry_n and_o every_o body_n divide_v into_o small_a troop_n as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o the_o order_n of_o battalion_n of_o a_o complete_a army_n the_o four_o figure_n better_a so_o in_o this_o figure_n the_o intervall_n shall_v be_v 4_o time_n wide_a if_o the_o body_n must_v be_v so_o large_a but_o i_o conceive_v a_o general_a mistake_n in_o the_o figure_n and_o that_o in_o praissac_n pag._n 190._o to_o be_v much_o better_a chap._n ix_o of_o sieges_n no_o roman_a commander_n have_v make_v brave_a siege_n than_o cesar_n nor_o describe_v they_o more_o perfect_o he_o have_v leave_v example_n for_o the_o assail_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o cite_v and_o to_o maintain_v a_o siege_n against_o all_o kind_n of_o relief_n at_o brundisium_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n he_o constrain_v pompey_n to_o abandon_v it_o for_o that_o he_o shut_v up_o the_o haven_n by_o which_o that_o town_n be_v to_o be_v relieve_v at_o cadenac_n which_o be_v a_o site_n inexpugnable_a he_o constrain_v the_o garrison_n to_o yield_v it_o by_o take_v away_o their_o water_n at_o alexia_n where_o be_v 80000_o soldier_n within_o the_o town_n and_o which_o expect_v two_o or_o three_o time_n as_o many_o he_o so_o fortify_v himself_o before_o it_o both_o against_o the_o town_n and_o against_o the_o enemy_n without_o as_o he_o famish_v it_o and_o at_o bourges_n and_o marseilles_n he_o take_v the_o first_o by_o assault_n and_o constrain_v the_o other_o to_o yield_v when_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o be_v take_v by_o assault_n i_o will_v not_o here_o particularize_v the_o engine_n which_o they_o then_o make_v use_v of_o to_o force_v place_n of_o strength_n because_o the_o cannon_n have_v take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o they_o yet_o i_o will_v only_o say_v that_o they_o approach_v to_o the_o wall_n by_o degree_n as_o much_o shelter_v as_o they_o can_v and_o then_o attempt_v to_o batter_v they_o down_o by_o their_o engine_n or_o by_o mine_n to_o force_v a_o assault_n or_o at_o least_o to_o lodge_v upon_o the_o breach_n which_o i_o the_o rather_o speak_v to_o show_v that_o howsoever_o we_o have_v change_v the_o manner_n of_o fortification_n the_o better_a to_o make_v resistance_n against_o our_o new_a thunder_a engine_n nevertheless_o the_o ancient_a maxim_n for_o the_o take_n of_o town_n be_v the_o same_o which_o we_o make_v use_v of_o at_o this_o day_n concern_v the_o siege_n of_o alexia_n it_o be_v the_o model_n by_o which_o the_o prince_n of_o parma_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o marquesse_n spinola_n have_v direct_v themselves_o to_o make_v they_o and_o all_o these_o great_a work_n and_o circumvallation_n which_o we_o admire_v and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o which_o they_o have_v take_v many_o great_a city_n in_o sight_n of_o great_a army_n than_o their_o own_o which_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o relieve_v they_o be_v nothing_o in_o comparison_n of_o those_o which_o cesar_n make_v at_o this_o siege_n of_o alexia_n to_o conclude_v they_o which_o come_v near_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o war_a of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n as_o well_o in_o siege_n as_o in_o the_o field_n be_v they_o which_o prove_v the_o most_o excellent_a commander_n chap._n x._o observation_n upon_o some_o battle_n of_o the_o ancient_n now_o that_o we_o have_v show_v the_o ancient_a militia_n of_o the_o grecian_n and_o roman_n by_o mean_n whereof_o they_o have_v obtain_v so_o many_o brave_a victory_n we_o must_v yet_o observe_v two_o principal_a cause_n which_o their_o most_o excellent_a commander_n have_v successful_o observe_v to_o obtain_v victory_n in_o battle_n namely_o to_o strive_v to_o overw_v their_o enemy_n and_o never_o to_o cause_v their_o army_n to_o fight_v all_o at_o once_o cyrus_n to_o keep_v himself_o from_o be_v overwinge_v in_o the_o battle_n which_o he_o fight_v against_o croesus_n double_v the_o front_n of_o his_o army_n by_o as_o many_o more_o as_o they_o be_v by_o make_v the_o file_n of_o his_o infantry_n but_o 12_o deep_a which_o before_o be_v 24_o and_o to_o enclose_v his_o enemy_n he_o place_v his_o best_a man_n on_o the_o wing_n who_o have_v defeat_v the_o wing_n of_o the_o adverse_a army_n come_v to_o assault_v the_o body_n of_o the_o battle_n on_o their_o flank_n and_o on_o their_o rear_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n hannibal_n place_v all_o his_o best_a soldier_n on_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o mean_a one_o in_o the_o middle_n that_o so_o the_o roman_n find_v but_o little_a resistance_n there_o may_v insensible_o sink_v into_o they_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o
own_o man_n the_o venetian_n and_o hollander_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v serve_v by_o auxiliarie_n soldier_n the_o french_a and_o german_n abound_v in_o good_a soldier_n and_o may_v well_o forbear_v auxiliaries_n england_n alone_o of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o our_o time_n may_v choose_v they_o and_o take_v such_o as_o she_o please_v whereupon_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o constitution_n of_o these_o state_n on_o what_o maxim_n they_o be_v found_v and_o what_o either_o of_o they_o may_v best_o do_v to_o have_v good_a soldier_n the_o great_a part_n of_o state_n at_o this_o time_n be_v more_o found_v upon_o policy_n then_o upon_o war_n and_o endeavour_v rather_o to_o conserve_v themselves_o then_o to_o grow_v great_a wherefore_o we_o see_v that_o learning_n flourish_v there_o and_o arm_n degenerate_a in_o so_o much_o that_o those_o state_n which_o be_v found_v upon_o war_n do_v devour_v the_o other_o the_o example_n of_o the_o turk_n to_o the_o shame_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o germany_n and_o italy_n be_v two_o manifest_a proof_n that_o which_o cause_v this_o mischief_n be_v that_o man_n of_o the_o gown_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o government_n of_o almost_o all_o state_n which_o for_o that_o they_o hate_v soldier_n cause_v they_o always_o to_o be_v ill_o deal_v with_o and_o do_v advise_v prince_n to_o employ_v auxiliar_o rather_o then_o their_o natural_a subject_n which_o be_v a_o most_o pernicious_a maxim_n but_o this_o be_v no_o fit_a place_n to_o treat_v of_o it_o we_o will_v only_o speak_v of_o the_o election_n of_o soldier_n england_n which_o have_v right_a by_o the_o law_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o her_o soldier_n may_v observe_v the_o form_n of_o the_o election_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v very_o good_a the_o other_o kingdom_n which_o have_v not_o that_o power_n must_v incite_v their_o man_n which_o be_v ambitious_a of_o honour_n to_o cause_n themselves_o to_o be_v enroll_v aswell_o for_o the_o hope_n of_o be_v advance_v to_o other_o honour_n by_o embrace_v the_o profession_n of_o war_n as_o by_o shut_v up_o the_o mean_n of_o attain_v thereunto_o by_o any_o other_o way_n then_o that_o for_o example_n not_o to_o bestow_v any_o office_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o of_o the_o king_n house_n nor_o any_o charge_n among_o the_o soldier_n to_o any_o but_o such_o as_o have_v serve_v in_o the_o war_n a_o certain_a number_n of_o year_n nor_o to_o make_v any_o man_n colonel_n of_o horse_n which_o have_v not_o be_v a_o captain_n and_o other_o officer_n of_o the_o cavalry_n nor_o any_o to_o be_v marshal_n of_o the_o field_n which_o have_v not_o honourable_o bear_v lesser_a charge_n nor_o any_o to_o be_v general_n of_o the_o army_n which_o have_v not_o be_v a_o worthy_a marshal_n of_o the_o field_n brief_o that_o none_o may_v be_v advance_v to_o any_o office_n which_o have_v not_o pass_v through_o the_o degree_n of_o war_n and_o as_o the_o hope_n of_o advancement_n be_v a_o strong_a spur_n to_o encourage_v every_o man_n to_o exercise_v the_o profession_n of_o arm_n so_o the_o fear_n of_o find_v one_o self_n poor_a and_o needy_a after_o long_a service_n be_v a_o sharp_a bit_n to_o keep_v man_n from_o â—â—_o therefore_o i_o will_v prevent_v that_o by_o establish_v a_o foundation_n for_o man_n of_o that_o profession_n so_o that_o they_o may_v live_v out_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o day_n commodious_o and_o honourable_o those_o state_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o form_n of_o government_n be_v fearful_a to_o arm_v their_o own_o people_n as_o venice_n or_o where_o their_o subsistence_n depend_v on_o traffic_n as_o the_o low-countries_n and_o which_o for_o these_o reason_n be_v constrain_v to_o help_v themselves_o in_o their_o war_n by_o auxiliar_o must_v principal_o be_v careful_a to_o choose_v good_a commander_n next_o to_o have_v a_o certain_a body_n of_o well_o exercise_v and_o discipline_v souldâ—ers_n always_o in_o readiness_n sufficient_a as_o well_o to_o guard_v they_o from_o a_o surprise_n as_o to_o give_v they_o time_n â—o_o assemble_v great_a force_n for_o a_o army_n form_v â—nd_v discipline_v at_o leisure_n though_o but_o small_a be_v more_o capable_a to_o defend_v itself_o yea_o to_o conquer_v â—hen_o those_o army_n which_o assure_v themselves_o only_o in_o their_o great_a number_n and_o great_a conquest_n be_v almost_o always_o make_v by_o small_a army_n as_o great_a empire_n be_v always_o lose_v with_o their_o innumerable_a force_n for_o that_o they_o which_o be_v to_o fight_v against_o such_o numerous_a army_n oppose_v they_o with_o a_o exact_a discipline_n and_o good_a order_n and_o the_o other_o have_v neglect_v all_o discipline_n and_o order_n have_v endeavour_v to_o supply_v that_o defect_n by_o their_o great_a number_n of_o man_n which_o have_v bring_v upon_o they_o the_o great_a confusion_n and_o have_v serve_v they_o for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o make_v their_o loss_n the_o more_o disgraceful_a whence_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o have_v good_a soldier_n be_v to_o choose_v such_o as_o be_v most_o fit_a for_o war_n the_o second_o to_o incite_v man_n of_o ambition_n and_o virtue_n free_o to_o enroll_v themselves_o by_o shut_v the_o door_n of_o any_o other_o way_n to_o advancement_n and_o last_o to_o entertein_a a_o body_n of_o a_o army_n and_o to_o be_v careful_a as_o well_o in_o peace_n as_o in_o war_n to_o keep_v they_o under_o a_o exact_a discipline_n without_o relaxation_n one_o of_o which_o three_o way_n all_o sort_n of_o state_n may_v make_v use_n of_o chap._n ii_o of_o arms._n the_o most_o usual_a arm_n of_o the_o infantry_n at_o thiâ—_n present_a time_n be_v for_o the_o defensive_a thâ—_n head-piece_n the_o cuirace_n and_o the_o tass_n and_o foâ—_n the_o offensive_a the_o sword_n the_o pike_n and_o the_o musket_n which_o be_v rather_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o grecian_n then_o oâ—_n the_o roman_n whereupon_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o ouâ—_n musket_n serve_v we_o as_o the_o casting-weapon_n do_v thâ—_n ancient_n so_o that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o battle_n consi_v of_o pike_n which_o be_v a_o very_a fit_a weapon_n to_o resist_v thâ—_n cavalry_n for_o that_o many_o of_o they_o join_v together_o make_v a_o very_a solid_a body_n and_o very_o hard_a to_o be_v break_v on_o their_o front_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o length_n whereof_o four_o or_o five_o rank_n extend_v the_o head_n of_o their_o pike_n beyond_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o man_n and_o do_v always_o keep_v out_o the_o squadron_n of_o horse_n from_o they_o twelve_o or_o fifteen_o foot_n of_o maurice_n prince_n of_o orange_n have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o target_n and_o have_v cause_v divers_a trial_n to_o be_v make_v thereof_o have_v find_v that_o it_o have_v not_o only_o resist_v the_o pike_n but_o that_o half_a the_o number_n of_o target_n have_v always_o enter_v into_o twice_o the_o number_n of_o pike_n and_o have_v rout_v they_o nevertheless_o be_v but_o general_n of_o the_o army_n of_o a_o state_n and_o not_o a_o sovereign_a and_o absolute_a prince_n he_o dare_v not_o make_v so_o great_a a_o change_n whether_o it_o be_v that_o he_o fear_v the_o cavalry_n which_o nowadays_o be_v exceed_v well_o arm_v or_o else_o the_o reproach_n of_o some_o evil_a success_n not_o be_v ignorant_a that_o the_o people_n judge_v of_o the_o action_n of_o such_o as_o serve_v they_o rather_o by_o the_o event_n then_o by_o reason_n for_o my_o part_n i_o will_v add_v this_o kind_n of_o arm_n to_o our_o discipline_n make_v always_o the_o principal_a body_n of_o my_o infantry_n to_o be_v of_o pike_n and_o to_o have_v for_o every_o battallion_n a_o small_a body_n separate_v of_o one_o hundred_o or_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o target_n to_o charge_n on_o the_o flank_n which_o will_v work_v a_o marvellous_a effect_n on_o the_o day_n of_o battle_n and_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o true_a place_n of_o 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must_v be_v well_o strengthen_v by_o good_a moat_n and_o flank_v by_o good_a corps-du-guard_n to_o preserve_v they_o against_o the_o sally_n of_o the_o besiege_a if_o there_o be_v any_o outwork_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o in_o good_a defence_n and_o which_o may_v be_v carry_v by_o force_n you_o must_v attempt_v they_o otherwise_o you_o must_v approach_v they_o by_o little_a and_o little_a for_o it_o be_v there_o where_o the_o brave_a defence_n be_v make_v because_o that_o at_o the_o beginning_n they_o can_v easy_a make_v their_o sally_n when_o the_o outwork_n be_v take_v and_o the_o cannon_n be_v plant_v on_o the_o counterscarp_n and_o you_o sap_n into_o the_o moat_n and_o prepare_v yourself_o to_o lay_v over_o your_o gallery_n to_o get_v over_o to_o the_o bulwark_n you_o must_v then_o place_v your_o musketeer_n all_o along_o the_o counterscarp_n that_o so_o under_o favour_n of_o they_o and_o of_o your_o cannon_n you_o may_v pass_v over_o your_o gallery_n if_o the_o moat_n be_v dry_a 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if_o they_o have_v neither_o arm_n nor_o munition_n of_o war_n to_o fight_v neither_o will_v arm_n nor_o munition_n avail_v if_o they_o want_v bread_n to_o live_v by_o to_o which_o i_o add_v instrument_n to_o work_v in_o the_o earth_n without_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v any_o great_a resistance_n but_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o have_v all_o that_o be_v necessary_a for_o resistance_n there_o must_v be_v a_o good_a order_n and_o rule_v keep_v otherwise_o it_o will_v all_o be_v dissipate_v by_o those_o which_o will_v desire_v to_o get_v out_o of_o danger_n quick_o and_o will_v find_v some_o pretext_n to_o yield_v upon_o term_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v dishonourable_a the_o number_n of_o such_o be_v always_o great_a than_o of_o those_o which_o will_v reâ—â—st_o stout_o you_o must_v proportion_v the_o labour_n anâ—â—â—st_v among_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o townsman_n that_o so_o they_o which_o be_v well_o affect_v be_v not_o suppress_v and_o that_o the_o rest_n grow_v not_o lazy_a through_o idleness_n they_o must_v be_v distinguish_v by_o company_n of_o pioner_n miner_n carpenter_n smith_n and_o all_o artificer_n useful_a for_o a_o siege_n appoint_v a_o commander_n to_o every_o of_o they_o you_o must_v take_v a_o inventory_n in_o the_o town_n of_o all_o the_o iron_n wood_n linen_n instrument_n to_o work_v in_o the_o ground_n drug_n fit_a for_o artificial_a fire_n and_o other_o such_o thing_n necessary_a for_o a_o siege_n and_o take_v care_n that_o there_o be_v always_o of_o they_o in_o the_o magazine_n to_o serve_v for_o the_o present_a necessity_n and_o to_o avoid_v disorder_n in_o the_o distribution_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n there_o must_v be_v a_o counsel_n which_o must_v have_v the_o oversight_n thereof_o and_o which_o shall_v cause_v all_o to_o be_v deliver_v out_o and_o receive_v in_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o the_o counsel_n of_o war_n these_o thing_n thus_o put_v in_o order_n you_o must_v think_v 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find_v themselves_o enclose_v on_o both_o flank_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o pharsale_fw-la cesar_n shelter_v one_o of_o the_o flank_n of_o his_o army_n by_o a_o little_a river_n and_o fortify_v his_o cavalry_n which_o be_v on_o his_o other_o flank_n by_o a_o body_n of_o infantry_n to_o resist_v pompey_n horse_n which_o exceed_v his_o own_o by_o much_o so_o that_o have_v rout_v it_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o assail_v the_o army_n on_o the_o flank_n and_o easy_o defeat_v it_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o zama_n hannibal_n make_v a_o body_n of_o all_o his_o old_a company_n of_o italy_n which_o he_o divide_v from_o all_o his_o army_n that_o so_o when_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o well_o of_o the_o one_o part_n as_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v weary_a with_o fight_v this_o body_n be_v fresh_a may_v carry_v away_o the_o victory_n so_o that_o scipio_n after_o that_o he_o have_v defeat_v all_o that_o be_v before_o he_o find_v himself_o astonish_v to_o see_v a_o second_o army_n for_o he_o to_o fight_v 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to_o this_o end_n they_o pass_v along_o as_o before_o by_o five_o and_o five_o together_o and_o after_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n add_v at_o the_o haven_n of_o vaure_n they_o have_v measure_v the_o time_n to_o arrive_v towards_o night_n at_o the_o bridge_n navilio_n of_o milan_n near_o the_o monastery_n of_o angel_n on_o which_o bridge_n be_v arrive_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o brigado_n shake_v a_o little_a bell_n at_o the_o sound_n of_o which_o he_o be_v answer_v by_o another_o like_o it_o and_o present_o there_o come_v from_o below_o the_o bridge_n the_o man_n of_o sienna_n the_o author_n of_o this_o design_n who_o conduct_v the_o brigado_n to_o his_o own_o house_n and_o continue_v after_o this_o manner_n every_o night_n until_o the_o whole_a troup_n be_v pass_v which_o be_v a_o matter_n worth_a the_o observe_n to_o cause_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o soldier_n to_o go_v by_o stealth_n from_o piedmont_n to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o milan_n without_o be_v discover_v and_o 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narrow_a street_n and_o in_o the_o night_n so_o that_o the_o gross_a troop_n cause_n but_o disorder_n and_o if_o you_o find_v street_n that_o be_v broad_a than_o the_o order_n which_o you_o have_v frame_v you_o must_v join_v two_o troop_n together_o that_o so_o they_o may_v take_v up_o the_o whole_a breadth_n of_o the_o street_n every_o troup_n must_v have_v officer_n at_o the_o front_n and_o rear_v of_o it_o and_o the_o sergeant_n on_o the_o flank_n to_o keep_v they_o to_o their_o duty_n and_o to_o hinder_v they_o from_o straggle_a and_o pillage_n you_o must_v also_o observe_v in_o the_o order_n you_o make_v when_o you_o part_n from_o your_o quarter_n that_o if_o you_o make_v several_a assault_n the_o commander_n soldier_n and_o equipage_n must_v be_v distinguish_v into_o so_o many_o troop_n as_o you_o will_v make_v assault_n and_o that_o they_o march_v according_a to_o the_o order_n they_o shall_v assail_v in_o in_o all_o enterprise_n especial_o in_o those_o where_o the_o retreat_n be_v dangerous_a and_o long_o you_o must_v more_o regard_v to_o have_v good_a soldier_n then_o many_o for_o a_o small_a troup_n may_v come_v from_o farther_z off_o march_v more_o secret_o and_o retreat_n with_o less_o danger_n and_o confusion_n than_o a_o gross_a troup_n beside_o a_o small_a troup_n with_o good_a store_n of_o officer_n be_v more_o obedient_a in_o execution_n and_o beget_v less_o disorder_n than_o a_o gross_a i_o add_v further_o that_o in_o enterprise_n by_o night_n you_o affright_v a_o enemy_n as_o much_o with_o a_o small_a troup_n as_o with_o a_o great_a one_o for_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o they_o which_o be_v surprise_v and_o assail_v fight_n in_o fear_n always_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o you_o assail_v they_o with_o force_n sufficient_a brief_o if_o you_o overcome_v with_o a_o small_a troup_n you_o get_v more_o honour_n than_o if_o it_o have_v be_v with_o a_o great_a which_o ofttimes_o disturb_v you_o both_o in_o fight_n in_o march_n and_o in_o their_o retreat_n and_o if_o you_o be_v beat_v the_o dishonour_n be_v the_o less_o concern_v the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o execution_n all_o the_o order_n must_v be_v give_v in_o writing_n that_o so_o none_o of_o they_o which_o have_v any_o command_n in_o the_o enterprise_n may_v excuse_v themselves_o by_o pretend_v they_o misunderstand_v you_o if_o it_o be_v by_o scalado_n there_o must_v be_v 2_o man_n to_o carry_v every_o piece_n of_o a_o ladder_n and_o because_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o do_v the_o execution_n upon_o a_o place_n where_o there_o need_v more_o than_o five_o piece_n of_o ladder_n in_o height_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o there_o be_v ten_o man_n for_o every_o ladder_n and_o one_o man_n to_o command_v they_o the_o man_n for_o every_o ladder_n must_v be_v mention_v in_o a_o
you_o both_o refuse_v you_o passage_n and_o that_o you_o must_v be_v enforce_v to_o give_v they_o battle_n before_o you_o be_v able_a to_o assist_v your_o ally_n it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o you_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o succour_v he_o timely_a enough_o and_o if_o your_o neighbour_n either_o for_o fear_n of_o you_o or_o of_o he_o which_o assail_v your_o ally_n do_v offer_v you_o passage_n you_o can_v accept_v thereof_o with_o safety_n unless_o he_o put_v you_o in_o possession_n of_o those_o place_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o assure_v your_o return_n which_o be_v refuse_v you_o you_o must_v go_v no_o further_o but_o if_o the_o enemy_n of_o your_o ally_n have_v territory_n near_o you_o and_o such_o as_o you_o may_v easy_o assail_v you_o must_v do_v it_o stout_o and_o that_o succour_v which_o can_v be_v give_v by_o diversion_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n the_o sure_a and_o that_o which_o succee_v best_a because_o you_o do_v it_o with_o all_o your_o force_n and_o convenience_n and_o ordinary_o that_o country_n which_o you_o assail_v be_v not_o well_o provide_v because_o he_o which_o assail_v another_o state_n lead_v out_o with_o he_o the_o best_a captain_n and_o soldier_n which_o he_o have_v but_o if_o you_o want_v all_o these_o mean_n there_o be_v no_o other_o leave_v but_o that_o of_o money_n wherewith_o you_o may_v assist_v he_o which_o ofttimes_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o save_v he_o chap._n xxii_o which_o be_v best_a whether_o a_o great_a prince_n make_v war_n in_o person_n or_o by_o his_o lieutenant_n it_o be_v to_o the_o purpose_n in_o this_o place_n to_o treat_v whether_o a_o prince_n ought_v to_o manage_v his_o warreâ—_n in_o person_n or_o by_o lieutenant_n for_o that_o the_o practice_n thereof_o be_v different_a every_o man_n bring_v his_o best_a reason_n to_o maintain_v his_o opinion_n they_o which_o disapprove_v of_o his_o do_v it_o in_o person_n allege_v that_o by_o go_v out_o of_o his_o territory_n he_o open_v the_o door_n for_o disorder_n and_o rob_v himself_o of_o the_o mean_n to_o prevent_v they_o that_o it_o be_v more_o necessary_a for_o he_o to_o keep_v peace_n within_o then_o to_o make_v war_n abroad_o for_o which_o nothing_o can_v do_v so_o much_o good_a as_o his_o presence_n which_o keep_v in_o awe_n the_o most_o stir_a spirit_n that_o hold_v they_o which_o be_v within_o in_o obedience_n he_o may_v give_v the_o better_a order_n to_o his_o affair_n abroad_o that_o there_o befall_v great_a inconvenience_n and_o less_o remediable_a when_o the_o prince_n be_v engage_v in_o person_n out_o of_o his_o country_n then_o when_o he_o be_v within_o it_o that_o if_o he_o shall_v receive_v some_o check_n in_o his_o person_n be_v far_o from_o his_o own_o territory_n those_o busy_a head_n be_v more_o dare_v to_o make_v innovation_n every_o man_n emancipate_v himself_o and_o shake_v off_o his_o obedience_n if_o he_o be_v slay_v there_o his_o subject_n be_v affright_v and_o his_o enemy_n be_v encourage_v by_o it_o and_o thence_o draw_v great_a advantage_n if_o he_o be_v take_v that_o be_v still_o worse_o for_o none_o be_v able_a to_o declare_v himself_o prince_n and_o the_o great_a one_o desire_v to_o make_v their_o benefit_n of_o his_o calamity_n put_v all_o affair_n into_o such_o a_o confusion_n that_o nothing_o be_v do_v in_o the_o state_n with_o authority_n because_o they_o which_o seize_v upon_o the_o government_n tyrannize_v over_o the_o other_o great_a one_o which_o might_n pretend_v the_o same_o which_o ofttimes_o love_n rather_o to_o call_v in_o the_o common_a enemy_n then_o to_o obey_v their_o fellow_n whereunto_o they_o add_v that_o a_o prince_n can_v free_v himself_o without_o give_v great_a advantage_n to_o his_o enemy_n which_o turn_v to_o a_o notable_a and_o irremediable_a prejudice_n both_o to_o himself_o and_o his_o state_n so_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v balance_v they_o conclude_v that_o the_o inconvenience_n be_v much_o great_a of_o hazard_v the_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n in_o the_o war_n then_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v manage_v by_o his_o lieutenant_n this_o opinion_n be_v principal_o maintain_v by_o man_n of_o the_o gown_n natural_a enemy_n to_o soldier_n who_o for_o that_o they_o can_v better_o preserve_v their_o authority_n in_o peace_n then_o war_n do_v not_o only_o dissuade_v from_o go_v in_o person_n to_o the_o war_n but_o even_o do_v advise_v the_o suffering_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o ignominy_n rather_o than_o to_o make_v war_n whereunto_o flatterer_n pander_n and_o all_o the_o plague_n of_o prince_n do_v adhere_v which_o entertein_a they_o within_o their_o country_n in_o a_o laziness_n which_o bring_v they_o to_o all_o sort_n of_o luxury_n make_v they_o believe_v that_o their_o state_n be_v but_o make_v for_o they_o and_o not_o they_o for_o their_o state_n that_o the_o take_n of_o a_o maidenhead_n be_v more_o honourable_a than_o the_o conquest_n of_o a_o province_n that_o there_o belong_v more_o industry_n and_o trouble_n to_o the_o well-ordering_a of_o a_o feast_n then_o of_o a_o battle_n that_o labour_n be_v not_o appoint_v but_o only_o for_o porter_n and_o that_o great_a king_n shall_v cause_v all_o thing_n to_o be_v act_v without_o move_v themselves_o which_o be_v the_o usual_a way_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o kingdom_n and_o empire_n they_o which_o counsel_n a_o prince_n to_o make_v war_n in_o person_n allege_v that_o the_o command_n of_o a_o army_n be_v a_o morsel_n so_o delicious_a that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v impart_v to_o other_o without_o great_a necessity_n for_o that_o to_o acquit_v a_o man_n self_n well_o in_o such_o a_o charge_n he_o must_v be_v very_o absolute_a and_o ofttimes_o the_o general_n of_o a_o army_n do_v not_o contain_v himself_o within_o his_o duty_n especial_o when_o the_o prince_n perform_v not_o his_o own_o for_o in_o this_o case_n he_o be_v natural_o envious_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o another_o and_o can_v support_v the_o good_a action_n of_o his_o lieutenant_n though_o they_o tend_v to_o his_o own_o profit_n in_o which_o humour_n they_o do_v entertein_a he_o which_o govern_v the_o affair_n at_o court_n with_o this_o fear_n lest_o that_o a_o eminent_a virtue_n shall_v supplant_v they_o and_o from_o hence_o proceed_v the_o infelicity_n of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o brave_a design_n how_o well_o soever_o undertake_v which_o be_v make_v to_o perish_v either_o for_o want_v of_o money_n or_o of_o victual_n or_o by_o restrain_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o general_n or_o by_o put_v officer_n upon_o he_o which_o oppose_v he_o and_o which_o prove_v rather_o shackle_n to_o he_o then_o assistant_n and_o when_o affair_n have_v not_o succeed_v as_o man_n imagine_v the_o fault_n be_v cast_v upon_o he_o which_o be_v innocent_a and_o the_o blameworthy_a triumph_n and_o thus_o great_a prince_n shall_v be_v serve_v which_o make_v war_n by_o their_o lieutenant_n that_o the_o reputation_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o be_v a_o good_a commander_n himself_o be_v much_o great_a than_o a_o prince_n which_o have_v good_a commander_n that_o the_o first_o be_v fear_v for_o his_o own_o worth_n and_o the_o other_o only_o through_o other_o that_o the_o first_o can_v betray_v himself_o but_o that_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o other_o may_v be_v corrupt_v that_o the_o first_o can_v make_v choice_n of_o such_o as_o be_v fit_a for_o war_n and_o the_o other_o have_v no_o good_a commander_n but_o by_o hazard_n that_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o one_o be_v not_o so_o envy_v nor_o cross_v see_v he_o be_v master_n and_o be_v to_o give_v account_n of_o his_o action_n to_o no_o man_n but_o that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n of_o another_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o perpetual_a jealousy_n and_o thrice_o happy_a be_v he_o that_o escape_v it_o that_o the_o mean_n to_o prevent_v civil_a war_n be_v to_o employ_v the_o most_o stir_a and_o courageous_a spirit_n in_o foreign_a war_n where_o they_o shall_v find_v wherewith_o to_o satisfy_v their_o ambition_n as_o also_o to_o be_v always_o arm_v because_o that_o will_v cool_v those_o which_o be_v hot_a and_o that_o the_o prince_n be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o army_n that_o so_o none_o may_v use_v it_o against_o he_o they_o allege_v further_o that_o never_o prince_n have_v found_v a_o great_a empire_n but_o by_o make_v war_n in_o person_n nor_o have_v lose_v any_o but_o when_o he_o make_v war_n by_o his_o lieutenant_n it_o be_v now_o leave_v to_o the_o choice_n of_o prince_n what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v upon_o these_o two_o advice_n if_o he_o be_v a_o drone_n which_o content_v himself_o to_o be_v admire_v by_o his_o groom_n which_o take_v no_o delight_n but_o in_o voluptuousness_n and_o which_o leave_v off_o the_o act_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o king_n to_o act_v that_o of_o a_o scoundrel_n he_o will_v never_o take_v that_o counsel_n