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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
opinion_n	doctor_n	holy_a	luther_n	618	5	11.7543	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A37176	Good counsells for the peace of reformed churches by some reverend and learned bishops and other divines ; translated out of Latine.	Dury, John, 1596-1680.; Davenant, John, ca. 1572-1641.; Morton, Thomas, 1564-1659.; Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656.; Ussher, James, 1581-1656.	1641 (1641)	Wing D319; ESTC R15642	50,356	151

there are built certain Points of Schoole-divinity about which alone we so hotly contend but what are these to a Christian What are these to Salvation In what a safe and quiet state might the affaires of Christendome have been if such nice Disputes of curious and over-busie heads had never been heard of if learned men could have contented thēselves with some generall formes of expressing the Trueth and not presently to have sifted Divinity so over-nearly as they have done But seeing these strifes which are not onely unprofitable but very hurtfull and prejudiciall to both sides are thus unfortunately raised what better advice can be thought upon for the setling and composing of these stirres than that the Faith be brought back againe to its primitive simplicitie and plainenesse by the publike authority and joynt consent of the Christian Church And that in this confused mixture and multiplicity of matters of beleife the Christian world be taught warily to distinguish betwixt the genuine and proper Articles of Faith and the lesse necessary additions of Schoole-conclusions which truely in this very businesse is a matter of no great difficulty to performe This especially is fundamentall Christ is both God and Man and so likewise this Christ God and Man is truely omniscient omnipotent omnipresent now if any shall adde further Iesus Christ according to his humane nature is omniscient omnipotent omnipresent truely that word according seemes to be farre off from the Foundation 't is a Scholasticall notion and to be turned over to profest Divines but it is not fit the Salvation of plaine and illiterate Christians should be made to hang and depend upon such a subtle and nice Point as this is Can these knowe or are they bound to know how farre the vertue of the hypostaticall Union extend's it selfe or what the bounds are either of those faculties or operations which flow from that union of the two natures Certainely if God had intended this for a necessary Point to be knowne by all men he would not so sparingly and obscurely have revealed unto his Church a mystery so fundamentall and important I dispute not the trueth of the Point nor is this pertinent to my purpose onely I question whether it be of necessity to be beleived Let us view a comparison betwixt things humane divine although what similitude can there bee'twixt Earth and Heaven Man consists of a soule and a body united one to the other and yet notwithstanding each part hath its severall properties and actions which are usually attributed and that very rightly too to the whole the whole man hath the use of sense doth understand eat walke sleep dye thus much even sense reason doth unanswerably evince will any man Hereupon say that this also is of equall necessity to be knowne man according to his body hath the use of sense and reason and according to his soule he doth eat walke sleep and dye Truly the same that Reason is in respect of intelligible matters the same is Faith in things spirituall and divine I am not ignorant how much they differ in their Subjects yet neverthelesse the necessity of the things which are either to be known or beleived is alike different in both Such Trueths therefore as are certaine such as are necessarily to be beleived and apparently fundamentall let us all unanimously embrace and professe them as for the rest let Divines if they please busie their heads with them but let not the plaine common sort of Christians trouble themselves about them more than needs But if it may seeme to make any thing for the publike Peace that we come as neare as we can one to another in the formes and manner of expression let us but say as * Hier Zanchy sometimes alledged out of Innocent and the Schoole-men that even Christ's humane nature according to its personall essence is omnipresent c. and I see no reason why both sides may not nay will not readily consent and agree to it Here let us fixe let neither side proceed any further beyond this and wee are safe In the Point of the Sacrament this is certaine and fundamentall that the true and essentiall body and blood of Christ is truely present offered and received in that holy Supper but whether or no it be corporally present in the Bread Wine whether or no by a supernaturall vertue of the consecrated Elements it be orally received and eaten even by wicked and unworthy Communicants this is a matter of Theologicall Dispute and such as in the judgement of Luther Melanchthon Iustus Ionas Osiander Brentius Stephanus Agricola yea of Oecolampadius Zuinglius Bucer Hedio ought not to infringe Christian love and Charity And upon this promising signe was begun that famous Agreement at Marpurge in the yeare 1529. That likewise is well worthy to be kept in perpetuall memory which is related concerning the meeting at Witemberge in the yeare 1536 by Ludovicus Rabus Pastor at Vlme in his History of Martyrs with whom agree's Iohn Swiccius Pastor at Constance cited by Hospinian who was there present at that time and 't is to be seen likewise in the English writings of Bucer there were present at that Meeting of the one side Capito Bucer Musculus and the rest of the more eminent Divines out of the cheife Imperiall Cities in high Germany of the other side Luther Philip Ionas Pomeranus Cruciger with other Doctors Preachers of Witemberge and after some expostulations and divers Speeches to and fro wherein both sides freely fairely delivered their Opinions at length Luther stepping a litle aside with his Associates and conferring with them about it concluded with these words If yee beleive and teach that in the holy Supper the very body and the very blood of Christ is offered given and received and not the bare signes bread and Wine and that such giving and receiving is true and reall not onely imaginary the strife betwixt us is at an end and we doe acknowledge receive you as our deare Brethren in the Lord All this Bucer Capito and the rest plainely and freely affirmed whereupon they joyned hands and so parted Indeed the waters were then calme and quiet not tossed with any stormy and tempestuous winds and therefore they did clearely shew and represent the face of Trueth Why doe not we in like manner now at last begin to be wise And having passed those tempestuous and troublesome times which afterwards followed why doe we not sit downe and rest our selves in this old and safe harbour of Peace and Unity Concerning the Point of Praedestination how doth the Church of Christ groane under the burden of a number of huge high-swolne Volumes Yet when wee have done all we can and wearied our selves and the Christian world with our wrangling pens this will still remaine to be knowne and beleived by all men 1. that God from all eternity out of his meere good pleasure did immutably elect some

long time to the great greife of all good men much troubled the Germane Churches For although it were to be wished that Divines would fairely and fully agree amongst themselves about all those Controversies yet for so many different mindes to concurre all in the same Opinion is as I conceave a thing scarce to be hoped for much lesse to be effected in one age But that these said Churches notwithstanding such disputes as hang undecided may neverthelesse entertaine amongst themselves a Christian Charitie and correspondence is apparent from hence that as often as Divines of both sides have set themselves seriously about this work they still prevailed in it as much as they desired and they might no doubt have prevailed further if they themselves had not wilfully stood in their own way Witnesse Luther himselfe and the Helvetians betwixt whom though they differed in their opinions about the presence of Christs body a freindly agreement notwithstanding was made at Marpurge Luther there professing that he would not by any meanes permit the adverse party that honour to outstrip him in their desires of amitie and peace Which peace after that it had by I know not what mischeivous devices been somewhat disturbed and diminished was againe renewed confirmed by them whereat Luther himselfe rejoyced and upon a strict examination of the Helveticke confession held it very requisite that they should lovingly joyne hearts and hands together But here if any one think that this was no such entire and perfect Union as that which now I affirm to be possible I will grant him this but then I must adde withall that it was not any impossibility in the thing it selfe but rather the wilfull opposition of some amongst them possest with some jealousies and suspitions which was the cause why that godly and good worke was not brought to full perfection For as for Bucer and some other eminent Divines of the same opinion with him they did not only sue for an absolute and perfect agreement but besides they offered to make it appeare that it was very fit such an Union should be concluded neither did they omit any thing that might make for the furthering of it Moreover that this Union of the Reformed Churches we speake of is not a thing impossible is confirmed further from that agreement amongst the Polonian Churches begun of late at Sendomire ever since carefully by them kept and observed it is true they could not bury all controversies but they could banish all contentions and establish so perfect a peace as that they refused not to admit of each other into their publike Congregations to the preaching of the word and Administration of the Sacraments Which holy brotherly concord of those Churches that most wise Prince Lodowick Electour and Count Palatine did not only by his letters to them congratulate but desired of Almighty God in his prayers that the Germane Churches also might be blessed with it What therefore was long since said to that blessed peace maker King Solomon concerning the building of the Temple at Ierusalem the same say I to all moderate and peaceable Divines concerning the uniting of the Reformed Churches arise yee Worthies and be doing and the Lord will be with you Never despaire but that may be now effected which all men will grant hath been done heretofore But least this groundlesse bugbeare of a fancied impossibility should yet slacken the endeavours either of Princes or Divines or any other pious and well affected Christians and deterre them from proceeding herein I will recount all those lets and hinderances which render the peace and union of Churches utterly impossible to be obtained from whence it will easily appeare that there 's no one of them here to hinder why the Germane Churches notwithstanding some points of difference amongst them may not setle a firme peace amongst themselves and being once setled preserve it inviolable Now the first and maine Obstacle that hinders those Churches which agree not in all points of Religion from entertaining a Communion amongst themselves is the usurping and exercising of a tyrannicall power and authority one over another For if any one Church will take upon her to domineer and lord it over the faith of other Churches so as not to acknowledge any for her brethren nor admit of any into her fellowship and Communion but such onely as will be content to beleive and speak just as shee will have them all hope is then taken away of ever obtaining or preserving any agreement in any differences or disputes whatsoever For the sacred Scriptures forbid us thus to enslave our selves to any humane authoritie and our sole Lord and Master Christ Jesus forbid's us to acknowledge any upon earth for a Lord over our Faith and Conscience and that Church which enter's into a Communion with another upon these termes doth not hereby purchase a Peace but rather resigne's up her selfe to a most unjust slavery Onely the Church of Rome is come to that height of pride madnesse that she will take upon her to exclude from the communion of Saints damne to the pit of Hell all such Churches as will not submit their necks to that Antichristian yoake of absolute and blind obedience God of his goodnes ever keep off this Popish folly and fury from setting foot in the Protestant Churches which if it should once take place that union of our Churches which we are all bound to pray for would bee no longer either to be hoped or wisht for But blessed be God for it it is well known there 's not any of the Reformed Churches but doe from their soules detest and abhorre all such Antichristian ambition and desire of Soveraignety And thus have I removed out of the way the maine Obstacle which usually occasion's a perpetuall division rent betwixt such Churches as differ in some points and thereby make's an union of those Churches to become impossible A second let or hinderance which may render the said union of different Churches for example the Saxon and Helvetian Churches impossible is the approbation and practice of Jdolatry in the one the utter detestation of it in the other That of the Prophet Hosea is well knowne though Israel play the harlot yet let not Judah offend come yee not unto Gilgal neither goe yee up to Beth-aven Likewise also that of the Apostle what agreement hath the Temple of God with Idols And a number of places more to the same purpose Neither is that saying of Tertullian touching this matter unworthy our observation Idolatry saith he is become the grand and generall sin of whole mankinde the Epidemicall disease of the whole world Since therefore God so severely chargeth us to keepe our selves from Idols all kinde of Idolatry though never so speciously colour'd over wee may well call that morally impossible which cannot be performed without some staine and tincture of Idolatry and without a high and

heed least while they exact of their People a too strict and punctuall Confession of more than what 's necessary they thereby wound and weaken the sweet Peace and Unity of Christendome than which nothing more necessary So much for Church-Governours Come we in the next place to such Ministers and other Christians of what state and condition soever as desire to continue in the Communion of those Churches wherein they live but yet their Consciences will not permit them to allow professe all the common and received Opinions of the said Churches Such men must see that they show themselves reachable and tractable and not persist after a proud and pertinacious manner in defence of those Opinions wherein they dissent from their Church Now such a one is to be accounted teachable and tractable who lends a willing and attentive eare to the instructions and information of the Church who doe's not dissent from her out of any perverse and peevish humour but meerely out of the weaknesse of his judgement being not able in such profound Points to discerne that Trueth vvhich men of greater learning and more acute wits easily see and perceive And because it is the peculiar prerogative of Almighty God to search the hearts it behoves us Christians to encline alwaies to the more favourable and more charitable side and where we have not cleare and evident reasons for the contrary we ought to judge of every man that he denies his assent rather out of conscience than contumacy and perversenesse They who thus behave themselves are not to be excluded and expelled the Communion of those Churches wherein they live for petty mistakes and errours in their Opinions but yet with this caution and condition that they take not upon them to oppose the received Opinion of the Church or to publish spread their own private Opinion amongst the common people Nor can they justly dislike of this caution or take it ill whosoever have a desire to live peaceably in the Communion of the Church for admit that the private Opinion of some Divine or any other Christian be true and the publike judgement of the Church erroneous yet neverthelesse if the Errour be such as doe's not prejudice a Christian man's salvation it is much better that the true Opinion of any private man whatsoever should quietly lie hid in silence and obscurity than that the publike authority of the Church should be openly contemned and trampled on or that the Churche's Peace by this unnecessary conflict of jarring Opinions as by two contrary windes should be shaken and torne in peices But if any man be perswaded in his conscience that his private Opinion wherein hee differ's from the Church is of such moment and importance as that men cannot be saved without the knowledge of it such a one if he cannot perswade and convince the Rulers and Governours of his Church in this matter must either turne aside into some other Church or else for the good of men's soules patiently submit to such censures as the Church in which he live's shall inflict upon him This is it most learned Sir which at your request I thought good to write and send unto you If it may stand you or any man else in any steed for the advancing of the Churche's Peace I have all my wish ayme for which I penned it They who are better acquainted with the present state and affaires of the Germane Churches than I am will be able no doubt to give you fuller and better advice herein For my selfe it remaine's onely that I humbly beseech Almighty God that he would move and encline the hearts of Princes earnestly to desire this blessed Union of our Churches that he would enlighten the understandings of Divines to find out and follow after such meanes as may most conduce to the speedy establishing of it that lastly he would enflame the hearts of all Christians to embrace this Peace bequeath it to all posterity The God of Peace grant this for the sake of his deare Sonne the sole Author procurer of our Peace To whom with the blessed Spirit be all honour glory thankesgiving world without end AMEN THE OPINION OF THE RIGHT REVEREND FATHER IN GOD THOMAS MORTON Bishop of DVRHAM Concerning The Peace of the Church Worthy SIR I CANNOT easily expresse how much I was joyed with those few leaves which I lately receaved from you as soone as I understood how that there was now at length some hopes of setling a true and brotherly union betwixt Us those of Germany who hold the Augustane Confession For seeing that the very name of Peace is sweet and delightsome much more the thing it selfe especially if it be a Peace in Religion which indeed comprehends in it all kinds of true Peace and Unity I cannot chuse therefore but congratulate and joy you Sir with that good and truly-Apostolicall office which you now undergoe an Emploiment which hath ever this successe that it never can prove in vaine or be altogether lost for it will be sure either to redound to the good of him that receive's it if it be embraced or else if rejected returne back againe into his bosome who proffer's it Notwithstanding I observe there are two maine Controversies set downe by you which seem to let and hinder why wee cannot quickly be united and made one Church the former is touching the Eucharist the other touching that involv'd and mysterious Point of Praedestination For the composing of which two Controversies that you should desire my opinion seeme's truly to me to be a course somewhat preposterous and out of order rather wee should imitate as I conceive those expert Physitions who sometimes cure one contrary by another so likewise we seeing that Discords in Opinion have bred disaffection and hatred in men's minds 't were necessary we should first endeavour that love and amity may be seated in the hearts and affections of men that so we may the more easily allay their heat in disputation and reconcile them in their much differing Opinions To the promoting of this good work I neither can nor may be wanting All that I shall say touching both Controversies give me leave to glance at in three words to wit that the way meanes of establishing an Union to men of peaceable minds is easie to such as are lesse moderate t is possible to both very necessary The first THESIS That 't is easie for peaceable and moderate men to be reconciled THis appeare's plainely from that love and freindship which was in times past betwixt the Professors of both sides notwithstanding that their differences in Opinion were then very rife This is a Point of speciall moment and therefore for proofe of it we should not alledge the examples of any obscure men but of such as were eminent and beyond all exception of both sides Let them then if they please consult their Luther Melanchthon Iacobus Andreae Brentius Wee 'l bring in our Calvin Bucer

Peter Martyr and Zanchy all which sometimes shined in the Church of Christ like starres of the first magnitude First then there are to be seene in Calvin's workes many excellent Elogies of Luther even then when Luther did inveigh most bitterly against all our men in the Point of the Sacrament and provoked them farre to repay him in his owne language Whose passions thereby moved enflamed Calvin with admirable prudence supprest kept from breaking out but I desire saith he you would consider first what a worthy man Luther is and with what excellent gifts qualified with what courage constancy with what dexterity with what successe and efficacy of his Doctrine he hath hitherto bent and bestir'd himselfe to lay wast the Kingdome of Antichrist maintaine the Doctrine of our Salvation I have many times said that should he call me Divel yet neverthelesse I would still have so reverent an esteem of him as to acknowledge him for a worthy servant of God Thus Calvin a saying so full of sweetnesse and moderation as if not a man but humanity it selfe had spoken it Not long after he made use of the Apostle's argument to containe keep in our Divines least waxing too hot and passionate they should break out into revilings it become's us saith he so to reprove what we finde amisse in him as that we remit something out of an honourable respect to his rare endowments let not therefore that befall us which is denounced by S. Paul that by biting and devouring one another we be consumed Though he have provoked us yet are wee rather to keep us quiet than to teare the wound wider to the publike danger and dammage of God's Church But now how did Luther carry himselfe was he so farre possest with prejudice and passion as to disdaine all commerce and societie with our men Nay he refused not to enter into freindship with Calvin himselfe though he knew him to be a stout Champion of our Sacramentary Cause Let Calvin himselfe speake if you please Notwithstanding Luther saith he in private was so farre from accounting me his enimy that though he well knew my Opinion ye refused he not to salute mee with reverence by letters writ with his owne hand for the dishonesty of Westphalus forceth mee to speake thus foolishly so as to relate it in the very same expression which he himselfe used Afterwards when the Agreement was halfe finished at Marpurge and they were not yet departed from that meeting he affirme's that he retained the same esteeme of Oecolampadius and Zuinglius as he formerly had done and he did there solemnly promise to account and respect them henceforth as Brethren Secondly what an intimate freindship familiarity there was betwixt Melanchthon Iacobus Andreae Brentius and our Divines the mutuall Salutations which passed betwixt them can abundantly witnes Melanchthon writing to Calvin begins his Letter after this manner Reverend and Christian Brother I trust we shall have a time to meet and conferre together And afterwards concluding I beseech the Sonne of God our Lord Iesus Christ the Guardian and keeper of his Church that he would guide and protect Thee and us All Farewell most deare Brother Besides what was observed concerning Melanchthon others by our Sturmius he himselfe will by no meanes conceale from us as though saith he Philip Melanchthon did not impart his Opinion touching the Sacrament to Peter Martyr afterwards to divers others with whom he still continued in love and freindship Further Iacobus Andreae and Brentius did unanimously adhere to the Opinion of Luther concerning the Eucharist of whom notwithstanding Calvin thus speaks your Letters worthy Sir and my much honoured Brother speaking to Iacobus Andreae were not a litle welcome to me for as much as I understand by them how that amids these sad and unhappy contentions wherein I am most unwillingly engaged you still continue like affected towards me as heretofore you have been Againe this your moderation of mind I embrace highly applaud Farewell worthy Sir and my much respected Brother I wish all happinesse to Brentius God Almighty ever guide and direct you by his blessed spirit strengthen and sustaine you by his power and shower downe his blessings in abundance upon you And againe in another Letter Brentius salute's you Thus were matters carried amongst thē and why should not We putting on bowells of meeknesse tread the steps of these Worthies Shall they breath out nothing but mildnesse and sweetnesse and wee nought but rage and fury God forbid I have done with the first Thesis I now proceed to the second The second THESIS That 't is possible for the most hot and rigorous spirits to be reconciled and agreed GIve mee leave to make use of that Maxime of Aristotle so frequently used in the Schooles but in a sense somewhat different Quae conveniunt in codem Tertio inter so conveniunt such two things as agree in any one third agree likewise betwixt themselves In like manner I conceive that though we differ much in our Opinions about the Eucharist yet there are still remaining amongst us some common Principles and certaine notes or notions out of which any one who is not blinded with prejudice may draw an assertion One is the authority of Scripture sufficient of it selfe to challenge a beleife a second is the cleare light of Antiquity as cleare as the Sunne at mid-day But this is no fit place to discourse at large upon these Three other there are which in no wise may bee passed over seing they are such as are more proper and peculiar to the two adverse parts I wil begin with the first of thē The Augustane Confession is by the Divines of Saxony esteemed as an Oracle of undeniable and unquestionable authority now if our men allow and approve of that Confession J doe not see what can possibly make more for the obtaining of a Reconciliation And for certaine Calvin herein agrees with them I desire saith hee as much as any man a sincere and true union so it be such as God hath approved in his word nor doe I reject the Augustane Confession whereunto I did once wittingly and willingly subscribe according to that interpretation which the Author thereof himselfe put upon it Againe I affirme saith hee that in that Confession as it was printed at Ratisbon there 's not so much as one word which is contrary to our Doctrine and if there be any ambiguity to be met with in the sense none is more fit to be the Interpreter of it than the Author himselfe whose worth will easily obtaine him that honour with all pious and learned men So He. Neither is he singular in this but others there are though of the same Opinion with him concerning the Eucharist who will grant as much (a) I am of the number of those saith Iohn Sturmius who concerning the receiving of the body blood of