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power_n of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o of_o the_o temper_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o puritan_n all_o his_o thought_n be_v bend_v to_o find_v out_o way_n how_o to_o secure_v himself_o from_o the_o danger_n of_o both_o and_o because_o the_o king_n can_v not_o impose_v any_o extraordinary_a tax_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o parliament_n charles_n choose_v rather_o to_o control_v his_o own_o inclination_n which_o be_v bend_v for_o war_n than_o to_o fawn_v upon_o the_o parliament_n in_o hope_n that_o its_o heat_n which_o be_v for_o limit_v the_o king_n power_n will_v by_o degree_n diminish_v if_o it_o be_v not_o call_v together_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o lord_n treasurer_n weston_n do_v confirm_v he_o in_o this_o opinion_n who_o do_v expect_v to_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n by_o the_o parliament_n the_o parliament_n use_v ancient_o to_o provide_v a_o certain_a yearly_a revenue_n for_o the_o king_n towards_o maintain_v his_o court_n and_o fleet_n to_o secure_v the_o commerce_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o revenue_n be_v not_o hereditary_a to_o the_o next_o successor_n the_o first_o parliament_n which_o be_v call_v by_o charles_n i._o have_v settle_v the_o custom_n as_o part_v of_o his_o revenue_n but_o when_o he_o afterward_o have_v dissolve_v the_o same_o against_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o male_a content_n his_o revenue_n also_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v in_o question_n it_o be_v their_o opinion_n that_o nothing_o can_v so_o soon_o oblige_v the_o king_n to_o call_v a_o new_a parliament_n as_o if_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o and_o the_o court_v subsistence_n be_v withhold_v from_o he_o but_o the_o king_n however_o do_v not_o only_o receive_v the_o same_o custom_n as_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v but_o also_o augment_v they_o with_o new_a imposition_n to_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o 800000_o l._n by_o which_o mean_v the_o king_n who_o be_v firm_a in_o his_o opinion_n be_v think_v to_o have_v a_o 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able_a
world_n of_o the_o vanity_n of_o worldly_a wisdom_n and_o to_o show_v how_o easy_a it_o be_v for_o he_o to_o effect_v this_o great_a work_n by_o the_o mean_n even_o of_o poor_a fisherman_n beside_o this_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o apostle_n seem_v to_o be_v full_a of_o absurdity_n to_o the_o philosopher_n and_o politician_n the_o same_o be_v found_v upon_o and_o begin_v with_o jesus_n who_o be_v crucify_v for_o it_o appear_v very_o strange_a to_o they_o that_o the_o apostle_n shall_v acknowledge_v he_o for_o the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o their_o saviour_n who_o be_v of_o a_o hate_a and_o despise_a nation_n who_o have_v live_v without_o any_o great_a splendour_n or_o perform_v any_o great_a heroic_a action_n have_v beside_o this_o not_o make_v himself_o famous_a throughout_o the_o world_n by_o long_a study_n or_o preach_v but_o have_v in_o his_o young_a year_n suffer_v a_o most_o infamous_a death_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o jesuit_n when_o they_o teach_v the_o christian_a religion_n among_o the_o refine_a chineses_n do_v not_o begin_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o passion_n of_o christ_n but_o argue_v first_o with_o they_o out_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o natural_a religion_n and_o so_o at_o last_o come_v about_o to_o this_o article_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n but_o whether_o these_o father_n by_o this_o method_n be_v likely_a to_o be_v more_o successful_a than_o the_o apostle_n i_o will_v not_o determine_v here_o convert_v it_o may_v also_o be_v allege_v that_o god_n be_v please_v to_o deliver_v the_o common_a people_n among_o the_o heathen_n before_o great_a man_n out_o of_o their_o misery_n and_o darkness_n because_o the_o first_o be_v seduce_v by_o the_o latter_a and_o uphold_v in_o their_o superstition_n for_o these_o though_o they_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o vanity_n of_o the_o pagan_a religion_n yet_o do_v not_o do_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o search_v after_o a_o better_o wherefore_o god_n almighty_a by_o first_o draw_v away_o the_o common_a people_n from_o paganism_n do_v undermine_v the_o whole_a structure_n which_o be_v force_v to_o fall_v of_o itself_o since_o the_o simplicity_n and_o credulity_n of_o the_o common_a people_n be_v the_o foundation_n stone_n of_o the_o pagan_a religion_n §_o 9_o church_n the_o christian_a doctrine_n therefore_o have_v be_v most_o of_o all_o at_o first_o spread_v abroad_o among_o the_o common_a people_n as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o it_o be_v grievous_o oppress_v and_o persecute_v afterward_o by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n for_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n it_o have_v its_o first_o beginning_n and_o chief_a increase_n one_o of_o the_o main_a occasion_n of_o these_o persecution_n be_v their_o ignorance_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o new_a religion_n or_o what_o be_v the_o main_a end_n of_o it_o since_o they_o see_v the_o number_n of_o the_o christian_n daily_o increase_v who_o all_o despise_a the_o pagan_a religion_n the_o emperor_n thought_n it_o below_o their_o high_a station_n to_o make_v a_o due_a enquiry_n into_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o doctrine_n and_o there_o be_v very_o few_o among_o the_o first_o christian_n that_o be_v fit_o qualify_v to_o represent_v their_o doctrine_n in_o due_a form_n to_o people_n of_o quality_n christian_n these_o therefore_o use_v to_o be_v lead_v away_o by_o the_o false_a suggestion_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o christian_n who_o insinuate_v to_o they_o that_o the_o christian_n in_o their_o nocturnal_a assembly_n do_v practice_v all_o sort_n of_o debauchery_n much_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o former_o use_v to_o be_v practise_v at_o the_o festival_n of_o bacchus_n or_o else_o that_o they_o be_v then_o plot_v against_o the_o state_n there_o be_v also_o not_o a_o few_o among_o the_o roman_n it_o who_o be_v averse_a to_o any_o innovation_n whatsoever_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o since_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v stand_v in_o a_o flourish_a condition_n several_a age_n pass_v under_o the_o ancient_a religion_n the_o same_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v abrogate_a especial_o they_o do_v think_v it_o in_o no_o way_n become_v the_o common_a people_n to_o pretend_v to_o a_o innovation_n and_o to_o more_o wisdom_n than_o their_o sovereign_n the_o christian_n also_o have_v among_o themselves_o a_o certain_a form_n of_o ecclesiastical_a government_n this_o render_v they_o suspect_v to_o the_o roman_n who_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o such_o that_o be_v for_o set_v up_o a_o faction_n against_o the_o state_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a society_n in_o it_o and_o so_o to_o divide_v the_o empire_n and_o at_o last_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o some_o also_o there_o be_v who_o perceive_v that_o the_o more_o the_o number_n of_o the_o christian_n increase_v the_o less_o frequent_v be_v the_o temple_n of_o the_o heathen_n and_o that_o the_o roman_a empire_n begin_v to_o decline_v and_o receive_v great_a shock_n they_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o these_o misfortune_n befall_v they_o because_o those_o god_n through_o who_o assistance_n the_o roman_a empire_n arrive_v to_o the_o pinnacle_n of_o its_o grandeur_n be_v now_o despise_v among_o they_o and_o therefore_o look_v upon_o the_o christian_n as_o a_o atheistical_a generation_n endeavour_v to_o over-turn_a the_o very_a foundation_n of_o religion_n and_o because_o the_o christian_n refuse_v to_o adore_v the_o idol_n notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n command_n and_o suffer_v the_o most_o prodigious_a torture_n and_o death_n with_o constancy_n and_o even_a joy_n they_o be_v treat_v like_o a_o perverse_a and_o obstinate_a sort_n of_o people_n by_o the_o roman_n who_o increase_v their_o cruelty_n to_o maintain_v their_o authority_n against_o they_o but_o no_o sufficient_a reason_n can_v be_v allege_v for_o the_o justification_n of_o these_o persecution_n against_o the_o christian_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v no_o otherwise_o than_o unlawful_a tyranny_n and_o pernicious_a abuse_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n for_o their_o subject_n have_v receive_v this_o religion_n according_a to_o the_o express_a command_n of_o god_n which_o can_v nor_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n the_o magistrate_n as_o well_o as_o the_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v it_o except_o they_o will_v gross_o sin_v against_o god_n almighty_a neither_o can_v their_o ignorance_n serve_v they_o for_o a_o excuse_n since_o this_o be_v a_o new_a doctrine_n it_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o take_v due_a information_n concern_v the_o same_o before_o they_o have_v send_v the_o innocent_a christian_n to_o execution_n only_o because_o they_o refuâ—ed_v to_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o their_o sovereign_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o oblige_v they_o to_o obedience_n in_o this_o point_n for_o no_o body_n ought_v to_o give_v sentence_n of_o death_n against_o any_o one_o before_o he_o be_v due_o inform_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n he_o be_v accuse_v of_o §_o government_n 10._o and_o because_o the_o sovereign_n do_v at_o first_o not_o concern_v themselves_o for_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o christian_n therefore_o do_v without_o their_o assistance_n constitute_v a_o ministry_n and_o the_o outward_a church_n government_n among_o themselves_o which_o be_v maintain_v among_o they_o as_o well_o as_o it_o can_v for_o this_o be_v common_a to_o all_o society_n which_o be_v institute_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n that_o the_o member_n thereof_o be_v force_v to_o agree_v among_o themselves_o which_o way_n to_o order_v their_o affair_n best_o and_o to_o constitute_v certain_a rule_n and_o governor_n for_o the_o management_n of_o the_o society_n else_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o policy_n found_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o outward_a government_n of_o religion_n belong_v to_o the_o sovereign_n but_o because_o the_o magistrate_n will_v not_o perform_v their_o duty_n at_o that_o time_n the_o christian_n be_v oblige_v to_o constitute_v minister_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n who_o receive_v their_o maintenance_n from_o the_o charity_n of_o good_a christian_n and_o if_o any_o error_n do_v arise_v or_o other_o matter_n happen_v of_o such_o consequence_n that_o the_o same_o can_v not_o be_v decide_v by_o one_o assembly_n several_a of_o these_o assembly_n use_v to_o consult_v among_o themselves_o concern_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n or_o leave_v the_o determination_n to_o a_o assembly_n of_o such_o miinister_n as_o be_v next_o at_o hand_n though_o it_o be_v certain_o else_o not_o to_o be_v allow_v in_o a_o state_n that_o private_a person_n shall_v constitute_v a_o society_n among_o themselves_o consist_v especial_o of_o a_o considerable_a number_n yet_o the_o assembly_n and_o synod_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v deem_v unlawful_a meeting_n since_o their_o only_a aim_n be_v the_o exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n which_o be_v command_v they_o by_o god_n ought_v not_o
all_o the_o rest_n viz._n the_o archbishop_n of_o rome_n patriarch_n constantinople_n antioch_n and_o alexandria_n these_o be_v then_o the_o four_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v add_v to_o their_o number_n because_o of_o the_o ancient_a holiness_n of_o that_o city_n and_o though_o the_o emperor_n phocas_n out_o of_o a_o spite_n against_o the_o patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n who_o who_o will_v not_o approve_v of_o the_o murder_n commit_v upon_o mauritius_n do_v grant_v the_o precedency_n to_o boniface_n iii_o the_o then_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o do_v thereupon_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o ecumenical_a bishop_n yet_o this_o prerogative_n do_v not_o extend_v any_o further_a than_o to_o bare_a precedency_n nor_o do_v imply_v any_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o rest_n which_o the_o other_o patriarch_n never_o acknowledge_v and_o a_o considerable_a time_n before_o when_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n pretend_v to_o put_v his_o command_n upon_o the_o bishop_n of_o africa_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n allege_v a_o canon_n of_o the_o council_n of_o oliva_n which_o be_v falsify_v they_o send_v he_o back_o a_o very_a smart_n answer_v and_o in_o the_o whole_a business_n there_o be_v no_o footstep_n of_o a_o divine_a institution_n to_o be_v meet_v withal_o power_n the_o same_o be_v pure_o human_a nor_o can_v any_o reason_n be_v allege_v why_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n possess_v the_o first_o rank_n other_o than_o why_o he_o of_o antioch_n have_v the_o three_o among_o they_o and_o because_o one_o state_n can_v prescribe_v law_n to_o another_o therefore_o if_o any_o prerogative_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n or_o the_o ancient_a council_n which_o be_v nothing_o former_o but_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o same_o do_v not_o oblige_v any_o other_o state_n nor_o can_v they_o extend_v beyond_o the_o bound_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a empire_n but_o if_o we_o put_v the_o case_n that_o some_o christian_a prince_n or_o state_n have_v afterward_o allow_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o certain_a power_n over_o the_o church_n in_o their_o dominion_n this_o be_v either_o do_v because_o they_o either_o understand_v not_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o power_n or_o because_o they_o be_v deceive_v by_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o first_o case_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v deem_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o treaty_n or_o alliance_n with_o the_o pope_n the_o better_a to_o administer_v the_o church_n affair_n with_o the_o pope_n direction_n such_o a_o treaty_n or_o alliance_n as_o it_o original_o proceed_v from_o the_o consent_n of_o that_o state_n so_o the_o same_o may_v be_v annul_v again_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o other_o alliance_n be_v whenever_o it_o prove_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o state_n or_o the_o pope_n begin_v to_o abuse_v the_o authority_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o state_n but_o if_o the_o pope_n have_v either_o by_o fraud_n or_o imposition_n obtain_v his_o power_n over_o other_o state_n these_o so_o misguide_a and_o thus_o surprise_v state_n have_v a_o right_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v discover_v the_o fraud_n and_o be_v convince_v of_o their_o error_n to_o shake_v off_o such_o a_o unjust_a usurpation_n and_o beside_o may_v demand_v satisfaction_n for_o the_o damage_n sustain_v by_o these_o imposture_n §_o sovereignty_n 16._o neither_o can_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n extend_v their_o power_n over_o the_o western_a part_n all_o at_o once_o but_o it_o be_v introduce_v from_o time_n to_o time_n by_o degree_n and_o by_o various_a artifices_fw-la and_o under_o several_a pretence_n for_o when_o they_o have_v once_o fasten_v their_o paw_n they_o do_v not_o retreat_v till_o they_o have_v obtain_v their_o pretension_n though_o they_o be_v several_a time_n deny_v admittance_n they_o do_v very_o wise_o take_v hold_v of_o that_o opportunity_n which_o present_v itself_o and_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o in_o my_o judgement_n when_o the_o emperor_n begin_v to_o choose_v other_o place_n of_o residence_n beside_o rome_n it_o since_o by_o their_o constant_a presence_n there_o they_o may_v easy_o have_v keep_v under_o the_o ambitious_a design_n of_o the_o bishop_n for_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n who_o questionless_a be_v no_o less_o proud_a and_o ambitious_a than_o those_o of_o rome_n can_v never_o gain_v this_o point_n the_o next_o thing_n which_o main_o contribute_v to_o this_o power_n be_v that_o afterward_o the_o western_a empire_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a new_a kingdom_n erect_v by_o barbarous_a and_o pagan_a nation_n and_o these_o have_v be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o her_o a_o profound_a respect_n and_o to_o honour_v she_o as_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o western_a part_n to_o recite_v all_o the_o particular_n here_o be_v not_o for_o our_o purpose_n bishop_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o touch_v upon_o some_o of_o the_o main_a point_n it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v remark_v that_o since_o the_o five_o century_n the_o bishop_n which_o live_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o alps_n use_v to_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o visit_v the_o sepulcher_n of_o s._n peter_n and_o s._n paul_n out_o of_o a_o superstition_n or_o a_o devotion_n very_o common_a in_o those_o day_n or_o because_o they_o thereby_o intend_v to_o testify_v their_o firm_a adherency_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n this_o voluntary_a devotion_n be_v afterward_o by_o degree_n change_v into_o a_o necessity_n and_o such_o as_o neglect_v it_o use_v to_o receive_v severe_a rebuke_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o the_o pope_n afterward_o to_o pretend_v that_o the_o bishop_n ought_v to_o receive_v their_o confirmation_n from_o rome_n some_o other_o bishop_n and_o church_n also_o that_o be_v novice_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a church_n use_v to_o refer_v themselves_o to_o and_o ask_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n concern_v some_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o the_o true_a use_n and_o interpretation_n of_o the_o canon_n and_o when_o they_o once_o perceive_v at_o rome_n that_o their_o answer_n be_v take_v as_o decision_n they_o begin_v to_o send_v their_o decree_n before_o they_o be_v demand_v under_o pretence_n that_o rome_n be_v the_o first_o seat_n of_o the_o christian_a bishop_n it_o ought_v to_o take_v effectual_a care_n that_o the_o canon_n and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n be_v due_o put_v in_o execution_n under_o the_o same_o pretence_n they_o make_v themselves_o immediate_a judge_n over_o the_o difference_n arisen_a betwixt_o the_o bishop_n and_o encroach_a upon_o the_o right_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o metropolitan_o use_v to_o depose_v such_o bishop_n as_o according_a to_o their_o opinion_n have_v not_o a_o right_a ordination_n or_o such_o as_o be_v accuse_v of_o some_o enormous_a crime_n they_o oblige_v to_o appear_v before_o they_o at_o rome_n to_o defend_v their_o cause_n and_o if_o there_o be_v some_o that_o pretend_v to_o a_o prerogative_n or_o to_o obtain_v a_o exemption_n from_o the_o canon_n they_o do_v travel_v to_o rome_n where_o they_o be_v kind_o receive_v and_o encourage_v in_o their_o demand_n whereby_o the_o staple_n of_o dispensation_n and_o favour_n to_o be_v grant_v be_v establish_v at_o rome_n and_o if_o any_o one_o have_v lose_v his_o cause_n before_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n he_o use_v to_o appeal_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v kind_o receive_v and_o encourage_v the_o french_a historian_n relate_v that_o because_o the_o emperor_n henry_n have_v make_v the_o city_n of_o arles_n the_o capital_a city_n over_o seven_o province_n the_o pope_n constitute_v the_o archbishop_n of_o the_o say_a city_n his_o vicar_n in_o france_n for_o fear_n lest_o the_o say_a archbishop_n may_v by_o degree_n attempt_v to_o make_v himself_o patriarch_n of_o france_n and_o this_o archbishop_n choose_v rather_o to_o have_v the_o inspection_n though_o precarious_o over_o seventeen_o province_n into_o which_o france_n be_v divide_v at_o that_o time_n than_o to_o be_v the_o head_n only_o of_o seven_o in_o his_o own_o right_n this_o man_n to_o add_v the_o more_o authority_n to_o his_o commission_n do_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o be_v endeavour_n to_o establish_v the_o pope_n authority_n there_o afterward_o in_o the_o eight_o century_n when_o great_a disorder_n and_o debauchery_n be_v become_v frequent_a among_o the_o monk_n and_o clergy_n winifred_n a_o english_a friar_n who_o name_n be_v winifred_n and_o who_o afterward_o call_v himself_o boniface_n do_v out_o of_o a_o particular_a zeal_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o life_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o do_v endeavour_v to_o establish_v the_o christian_a religion_n in_o several_a part_n
the_o encouragement_n of_o prince_n and_o other_o great_a man_n that_o endow_v they_o with_o great_a revenue_n but_o when_o the_o charity_n and_o liberality_n of_o the_o people_n seem_v almost_o to_o be_v exhaust_v by_o the_o great_a charge_n bestow_v upon_o so_o many_o rich_a monastery_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o contain_v all_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o enter_v into_o this_o sort_n of_o life_n at_o last_o in_o the_o thirteen_o century_n the_o order_n of_o the_o mendicant-fryar_n be_v erect_v mendicant_n these_o make_v a_o great_a show_n of_o holiness_n because_o they_o will_v not_o be_v take_v for_o such_o as_o be_v forward_o to_o choose_v a_o monastic_a life_n to_o live_v in_o plenty_n but_o for_o such_o as_o have_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o bid_v farewell_n to_o all_o the_o pleasure_n of_o this_o world_n and_o at_o the_o best_a life_n maintain_v themselves_o by_o alms._n a_o great_a many_o have_v embrace_v this_o severe_a order_n out_o of_o a_o opinion_n of_o a_o particular_a holiness_n and_o merit_n which_o they_o believe_v do_v belong_v to_o this_o order_n or_o rather_o a_o ecclesiastic_a ambition_n the_o pride_n of_o mankind_n be_v so_o great_a and_o natural_a to_o some_o that_o they_o do_v not_o think_v the_o command_n of_o god_n sufficient_a but_o rather_o will_v receive_v heaven_n from_o god_n almighty_a as_o a_o desert_n than_o as_o a_o gift_n and_o be_v ambitious_a of_o have_v a_o preference_n before_o other_o even_o in_o the_o other_o life_n some_o there_o be_v who_o embrace_v a_o monastic_a life_n out_o of_o desperation_n some_o out_o of_o laziness_n a_o great_a many_o be_v by_o their_o parent_n and_o relation_n send_v into_o a_o monastery_n out_o of_o superstition_n or_o poverty_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o family_n by_o the_o division_n of_o the_o estate_n among_o a_o great_a many_o child_n and_o out_o of_o these_o friar_n the_o pope_n have_v choose_v his_o regiment_n of_o guard_n which_o he_o lay_v in_o garrison_n not_o only_o to_o plague_v the_o laiety_n but_o also_o to_o curb_v the_o bishop_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o clergy_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o pope_n do_v uphold_v the_o friar_n with_o so_o much_o zeal_n against_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o ten_o century_n especial_o when_o they_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n do_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o immediate_a authority_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o pope_n know_v so_o well_o how_o to_o handle_v they_o that_o though_o there_o be_v great_a jealousy_n on_o foot_n betwixt_o their_o several_a order_n as_o for_o example_n betwixt_o the_o franciscan_n and_o dominican_n they_o nevertheless_o keep_v so_o even_o a_o balance_n betwixt_o they_o and_o so_o equal_o dispose_v of_o their_o favour_n towards_o they_o that_o one_o order_n may_v not_o oppress_v another_o or_o that_o any_o of_o they_o may_v have_v any_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o pope_n partiality_n these_o friar_n also_o use_v to_o interfere_v often_o with_o the_o regular_a clergy_n clergy_n as_o pretend_v to_o a_o great_a share_n in_o the_o legacy_n and_o burial_n of_o the_o rich_a sort_n to_o the_o direction_n of_o conscience_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n from_o hence_o do_v arise_v a_o continual_a envy_n and_o hatred_n from_o the_o bishop_n and_o regular_a clergy_n against_o these_o friar_n who_o be_v uphold_v by_o the_o pope_n favour_n be_v not_o concern_v at_o their_o anger_n and_o therefore_o whenever_o any_o bishop_n attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o pope_n authority_n these_o friar_n with_o their_o clamour_n and_o noise_n pursue_v he_o every_o where_o like_a so_o many_o hound_n and_o render_v he_o odious_a to_o the_o common_a people_n among_o who_o they_o be_v in_o great_a veneration_n through_o their_o outward_a appearance_n of_o holiness_n and_o from_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o bishop_n who_o oppose_v the_o pope_n authority_n never_o can_v make_v a_o great_a party_n among_o the_o common_a people_n beside_o this_o the_o friar_n always_o keep_v a_o watchful_a eye_n over_o the_o action_n of_o the_o bishop_n give_v continual_a advice_n concern_v they_o to_o their_o general_n reside_v at_o româ—_n whereby_o by_o the_o pope_n be_v enable_v to_o oppose_v timely_o any_o design_n intend_v against_o their_o authority_n and_o these_o friar_n prove_v the_o main_a obstacle_n why_o the_o bishop_n can_v not_o so_o effectual_o oppose_v the_o pope_n authority_n which_o he_o assume_v over_o they_o so_o that_o be_v destitute_a of_o mean_n to_o help_v themselves_o they_o be_v force_v to_o follow_v the_o current_n though_o it_o be_v also_o certain_a that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v very_o well_o satisfy_v with_o it_o as_o believe_v that_o they_o do_v participate_v of_o the_o grandeur_n of_o their_o supreme_a head_n and_o that_o thereby_o they_o shall_v be_v exempt_v from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n which_o be_v more_o dreadful_a to_o they_o than_o a_o foreign_a jurisdiction_n exercise_v by_o those_o of_o their_o own_o order_n from_o who_o they_o have_v all_o the_o reason_n to_o expect_v more_o favour_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v also_o undeniable_a that_o a_o great_a many_o bishop_n especial_o among_o those_o on_o this_o side_n the_o alps_o bear_v a_o grudge_n to_o the_o pope_n authority_n to_o this_o very_a day_n which_o evident_o appear_v at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n where_o the_o french_a and_o spanish_a bishop_n do_v insist_v very_o close_o upon_o this_o point_n that_o it_o may_v be_v decide_v whether_o bishop_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o residence_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o be_v also_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o jansenist_n as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o france_n and_o the_o netherlands_o the_o more_o refine_a sort_n do_v easy_o perceive_v what_o their_o intention_n be_v by_o make_v this_o proposition_n for_o if_o god_n have_v command_v they_o this_o it_o must_v also_o be_v a_o consequence_n that_o he_o have_v give_v they_o mean_n and_o instruct_v they_o with_o sufficient_a power_n qui_fw-la that_o jus_o ad_fw-la finem_fw-la that_o jus_o ad_fw-la media_fw-la and_o that_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o go_v to_o rome_n first_o and_o to_o purchase_v a_o authority_n to_o exercise_v their_o function_n the_o pope_n meet_v with_o great_a difficulty_n before_o he_o can_v surmount_v this_o obstacle_n at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n wherefore_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o this_o will_v be_v the_o last_o council_n since_o the_o pope_n will_v scarce_o hereafter_o put_v his_o grandeur_n to_o the_o hazard_n and_o the_o decision_n of_o such_o a_o assembly_n which_o also_o seem_v now_o to_o be_v of_o no_o further_a use_n since_o the_o jesuit_n and_o some_o other_o have_v teach_v that_o the_o pope_n be_v infallible_a and_o above_o council_n from_o who_o they_o ought_v to_o receive_v a_o confirmation_n and_o a_o bind_n or_o oblige_v power_n but_o let_v it_o be_v as_o it_o will_v the_o bishop_n be_v for_o their_o own_o sake_n oblige_v not_o to_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o pope_n subjection_n since_o thereby_o they_o will_v fall_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o seek_v for_o protection_n from_o their_o sovereign_n who_o must_v be_v potent_a prince_n if_o they_o shall_v protect_v they_o against_o the_o pope_n wherefore_o they_o be_v now_o force_v to_o choose_v the_o least_o of_o two_o evil_n §_o 19_o it_o though_o the_o church_n be_v never_o so_o abound_v in_o riches_n and_o in_o great_a number_n of_o ecclesiastic_n yet_o be_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o pope_n if_o the_o intend_a to_o establish_v a_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o any_o way_n dependent_a on_o any_o temporal_a prince_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v reside_v in_o a_o place_n which_o be_v free_a from_o all_o subjection_n to_o any_o civil_a power_n but_o himself_o that_o he_o also_o shall_v be_v possess_v of_o such_o a_o estate_n as_o may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v his_o grandeur_n and_o not_o to_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o where_o also_o his_o adherent_n may_v find_v a_o safe_a retreat_n whenever_o they_o shall_v be_v pursue_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n to_o establish_v this_o be_v a_o business_n of_o a_o considerable_a time_n and_o labour_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v effect_v without_o great_a opposition_n and_o that_o by_o a_o great_a many_o artifices_fw-la and_o knavish_a trick_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v a_o emperor_n in_o the_o western_a empire_n and_o as_o long_o as_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o goth_n last_v in_o italy_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n can_v not_o so_o much_o as_o think_v of_o this_o greatness_n emperor_n but_o this_o have_v be_v destroy_v under_o the_o
they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o example_n of_o ambrose_n and_o theodosius_n they_o use_v to_o relate_v how_o the_o spanish_a bishop_n have_v oblige_v king_n wamba_n by_o way_n of_o penance_n to_o lay_v down_o the_o crown_n as_o also_o how_o the_o bishop_n of_o france_n have_v depose_v lewis_n surname_v the_o pious_a who_o afterward_o can_v not_o recover_v his_o crown_n without_o the_o consent_n and_o authority_n of_o another_o assembly_n of_o bishop_n they_o allege_v for_o another_o example_n how_o fulco_n then_o archbishop_n of_o rheims_n have_v threaten_v charles_n surname_v the_o simple_a to_o absolve_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n if_o he_o make_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o norman_n who_o be_v then_o pagan_n they_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v without_o question_n that_o the_o pope_n power_n do_v extend_v itself_o beyond_o that_o of_o all_o other_o bishop_n since_o it_o be_v not_o limit_v by_o any_o thing_n except_o by_o the_o express_a canon_n of_o council_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o pope_n wherein_o nothing_o be_v contain_v against_o this_o power_n of_o depose_v of_o king_n and_o they_o say_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o they_o can_v have_v be_v forgetful_a of_o this_o point_n and_o because_o they_o have_v assume_v a_o power_n to_o give_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o a_o king_n to_o some_o who_o either_o prompt_v by_o their_o ambition_n or_o superstition_n have_v beg_v the_o same_o from_o they_o they_o suppose_v that_o by_o the_o same_o right_n they_o may_v take_v away_o the_o crown_n from_o such_o as_o they_o esteem_v unworthy_a of_o wear_v it_o they_o also_o have_v forbid_v to_o marry_v within_o the_o seven_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n and_o the_o four_o of_o affinity_n whereby_o they_o often_o meet_v with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o be_v troublesome_a to_o prince_n for_o because_o it_o seldom_o happen_v among_o those_o of_o so_o high_a a_o rank_n but_o that_o one_o side_n or_o other_o be_v within_o one_o of_o these_o degree_n they_o stand_v in_o continual_a fear_n lest_o the_o pope_n shall_v disturb_v their_o negotiation_n except_o they_o humble_o beg_v for_o a_o dispensation_n and_o in_o both_o case_n the_o pope_n know_v how_o to_o make_v their_o advantage_n of_o they_o last_o the_o pope_n have_v abundance_n of_o business_n to_o dispatch_v do_v thereby_o draw_v the_o best_a and_o most_o refine_a wit_n to_o their_o court_n who_o use_v to_o go_v thither_o to_o look_v for_o employment_n and_o to_o perfect_v themselves_o in_o the_o great_a school_n of_o europe_n these_o be_v always_o for_o promote_a the_o pope_n interest_n and_o design_n from_o who_o they_o expect_v their_o promotion_n beside_o that_o the_o whole_a clergy_n do_v adhere_v to_o he_o as_o to_o their_o supreme_a head_n pope_n boniface_n viii_o do_v clear_o give_v we_o to_o understand_v his_o meaning_n at_o the_o jubilee_n keep_v in_o the_o year_n 1300._o when_o he_o appear_v sometime_o in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o emperor_n sometime_o in_o that_o of_o a_o pope_n and_o cause_v two_o sword_n to_o be_v carry_v before_o he_o as_o the_o ensign_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a power_n §_o 23._o oppose_v but_o the_o pope_n can_v not_o long_o enjoy_v this_o unsufferable_a usurpation_n in_o quiet_a for_o it_o be_v so_o often_o call_v in_o question_n till_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o draw_v in_o their_o horn_n and_o to_o make_v their_o pretension_n a_o little_a more_o plausible_a it_o be_v true_a in_o the_o business_n with_o the_o emperor_n the_o henrys_n and_o the_o frederick_n they_o get_v the_o upper_a hand_n nevertheless_o they_o meet_v betwixt_o while_n often_o time_n with_o very_a indifferent_a entertainment_n and_o such_o thing_n be_v sometime_o publish_v against_o they_o as_o be_v little_a to_o their_o honour_n and_o from_o whence_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v judge_v by_o those_o that_o be_v impartial_a that_o not_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n but_o their_o own_o grandeur_n be_v the_o chief_a aim_n of_o their_o undertake_n but_o when_o boniface_n iii_o pretend_v to_o play_v the_o same_o game_n with_o philip_n surname_v the_o handsome_a king_n of_o france_n he_o watch_v his_o opportunity_n so_o well_o and_o give_v he_o such_o a_o blow_n that_o the_o pope_n feel_v the_o smart_n of_o it_o and_o to_o avoid_v the_o scandal_n which_o the_o common_a people_n may_v take_v at_o these_o so_o severe_a proceed_n against_o the_o pope_n use_n be_v make_v of_o this_o pretext_n that_o what_o be_v do_v against_o his_o person_n be_v not_o intend_v against_o the_o vicar_n of_o jesus_n christ_n but_o against_o a_o pernicious_a person_n who_o by_o unlawful_a mean_n be_v get_v into_o the_o chair_n and_o that_o a_o general_a council_n ought_v to_o be_v call_v to_o free_v the_o church_n from_o his_o oppression_n but_o the_o ensue_a schism_n have_v prove_v the_o most_o pernicious_a to_o the_o pope_n authority_n power_n as_o also_o the_o double_a election_n which_o have_v be_v make_v at_o several_a time_n when_o the_o cardinal_n be_v divide_v set_v up_o two_o pope_n at_o once_o who_o use_v by_o turn_n to_o excommunicate_v and_o revile_v one_o another_o and_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o the_o chair_n be_v fain_o to_o flatter_v the_o king_n and_o acknowledge_v that_o they_o be_v behold_v to_o they_o this_o division_n be_v a_o evident_a sign_n that_o the_o election_n of_o these_o pope_n have_v not_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o holy_a spirit_n but_o be_v influence_v by_o some_o ill_a design_n and_o intrigue_n wherefore_o it_o be_v also_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o wise_a sort_n that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n neither_o of_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v acknowledge_v as_o pope_n but_o that_o a_o new_a one_o ought_v to_o be_v choose_v which_o be_v also_o put_v in_o execution_n at_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n the_o first_o schism_n arise_v according_a to_o my_o opinion_n in_o the_o year_n 1134._o or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o 1130._o when_o after_o the_o death_n of_o honorius_n ii_o innocent_a ii_o and_o anacletus_fw-la be_v both_o choose_v pope_n and_o though_o the_o first_o have_v the_o great_a party_n on_o his_o side_n yet_o do_v the_o king_n of_o sicily_n and_o duke_n of_o aquitam_n vigorous_o uphold_v the_o latter_a and_o his_o adherent_n do_v after_o his_o death_n choose_v another_o in_o his_o stead_n who_o call_v himself_o victor_n with_o who_o innocent_n make_v a_o agreement_n so_o that_o he_o voluntary_o relinquish_v his_o pretention_n and_o acknowledge_v he_o his_o superior_a but_o after_o the_o death_n of_o adrian_n iu._n two_o pope_n be_v again_o elect_v at_o one_o time_n viz._n alexander_n iii_o and_o victor_n iv._o to_o the_o first_o adhere_v france_n england_n and_o sicily_n to_o the_o latter_a the_o emperor_n frederick_n i._o all_o germany_n and_o the_o clergy_n of_o rome_n and_o after_o his_o death_n those_o of_o his_o party_n choose_v three_o successive_a pope_n all_o who_o alexander_n outlive_v these_o use_v to_o make_v a_o common_a trade_n to_o excommunicate_v and_o revile_v one_o another_o and_o each_o of_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o behave_v themselves_o towards_o their_o protector_n more_o like_o a_o client_n than_o a_o master_n but_o much_o great_a be_v the_o schism_n after_o the_o death_n of_o gregory_n ix_o when_o again_o two_o pope_n be_v elect_v at_o once_o whereof_o one_o reside_v at_o rome_n the_o other_o at_o avignon_n this_o schism_n last_v through_o several_a succession_n near_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o year_n during_o which_o time_n both_o party_n excommunicate_v one_o another_o very_o frequent_o and_o commit_v great_a cruelty_n france_n scotland_n castille_n savoy_n and_o naples_n be_v of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o pope_n that_o reside_v at_o avignon_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o christendom_n declare_v for_o the_o other_o at_o rome_n both_o party_n take_v great_a pain_n to_o set_v out_o the_o great_a number_n of_o saint_n that_o be_v of_o their_o party_n and_o what_o miracle_n and_o revelation_n be_v make_v concern_v their_o approbation_n and_o both_o side_n know_v how_o to_o produce_v such_o reason_n that_o at_o last_o there_o be_v no_o other_o remedy_n leave_v they_o but_o to_o force_v both_o the_o anti-popes_n to_o abdicate_v themselves_o at_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n and_o to_o choose_v a_o new_a one_o in_o their_o stead_n the_o last_o schism_n of_o all_o arise_v when_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n have_v depose_v eugenius_n iv._o 1433._o do_v in_o his_o stead_n elect_v felix_n v._o pope_n unto_o who_o the_o former_a will_v not_o submit_v and_o these_o dissension_n be_v continue_v till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o eugenius_n when_o nicholas_n v._o be_v choose_v in_o his_o stead_n unto_o who_o felix_n for_o quiet_a sake_n do_v resign_v the_o chair_n upon_o very_o advantageous_a term_n in_o the_o year_n 1488._o it_o be_v very_o easy_o to_o be_v imagine_v how_o these_o division_n do_v
from_o their_o various_a opinion_n can_v be_v reconcile_v to_o one_o another_o and_o they_o believe_v this_o not_o impracticable_a if_o the_o old_a hatred_n animosity_n pride_n and_o selfconceited_a opinion_n can_v be_v lay_v aside_o but_o if_o we_o due_o take_v into_o consideration_n the_o general_a inclination_n of_o mankind_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o hard_a supposition_n for_o those_o who_o peruse_v the_o write_n of_o both_o party_n without_o partiality_n can_v but_o admire_v how_o their_o author_n be_v often_o oblige_v to_o rack_v themselves_o that_o they_o may_v maintain_v their_o opinion_n whether_o they_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o scripture_n or_o not_o as_o likewise_o how_o they_o bring_v to_o light_v again_o the_o old_a argument_n which_o have_v be_v refuce_v a_o thousand_o time_n before_o neither_o will_v this_o do_v the_o business_n if_o one_o opinion_n shall_v be_v suppose_v as_o good_a as_o the_o other_o since_o such_o a_o indifferency_n will_v be_v a_o shrewd_a sign_n that_o the_o whole_a must_v needs_o be_v very_o indifferent_a to_o we_o neither_o can_v we_o without_o danger_n declare_v some_o point_n in_o which_o we_o differ_v problematical_a since_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o we_o can_v pretend_v to_o have_v a_o power_n to_o declare_v a_o certain_a article_n either_o necessary_a or_o fundamental_a or_o problematical_a some_o therefore_o have_v think_v upon_o this_o expedient_a to_o make_v a_o trial_n whether_o out_o of_o the_o article_n wherein_o both_o party_n agree_v can_v be_v compose_v a_o perfect_a systeme_n of_o divinity_n which_o may_v be_v link_v together_o like_o one_o chain_n according_a to_o art_n if_o this_o can_v be_v effect_v though_o some_o different_a opinion_n remain_v as_o long_o as_o this_o chain_n be_v keep_v entire_a we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o we_o do_v not_o differ_v in_o the_o fundamental_a point_n necessary_a to_o the_o obtain_n of_o salvation_n and_o what_o remain_v undecided_a will_v not_o be_v of_o such_o 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sect_n of_o less_o note_n anabaptist_n viz._n the_o socinian_o anabaptist_n and_o such_o like_a it_o be_v evident_a that_o their_o principle_n can_v possible_o be_v reconcile_v with_o our_o religion_n for_o those_o who_o adhere_v to_o the_o first_o do_v not_o consider_v the_o christain_n doctrine_n otherwise_o than_o a_o moral_a philosophy_n and_o the_o latter_a scarce_o know_v what_o to_o believe_v themselves_o beside_o this_o the_o anabaptist_n have_v hatch_v out_o i_o know_v not_o what_o rule_v of_o policy_n which_o if_o not_o suppress_v in_o time_n must_v prove_v destructive_a to_o the_o state_n but_o whether_o the_o socinian_o also_o have_v any_o such_o project_n in_o their_o head_n i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o determine_v since_o hitherto_o they_o have_v not_o be_v powerful_a enough_o to_o raise_v any_o disturbance_n in_o the_o state_n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n §_o 1._o the_o swedish_n historian_n have_v out_o of_o their_o ancient_a monument_n show_v the_o world_n europe_n that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a kingdom_n in_o europe_n and_o that_o this_o country_n be_v after_o the_o deluge_n soon_o store_v with_o inhabitant_n than_o the_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v very_o uncertain_a who_o be_v the_o first_o inhabitant_n and_o at_o what_o time_n they_o first_o settle_v there_o as_o likewise_o whether_o they_o be_v immediate_o govern_v by_o king_n or_o whether_o the_o father_n of_o family_n have_v the_o chief_a sway_n among_o they_o till_o the_o regal_a be_v graft_v on_o the_o paternal_a power_n the_o name_n and_o deed_n of_o their_o king_n and_o the_o time_n of_o their_o reign_n be_v also_o not_o easy_a to_o be_v determine_v for_o the_o list_n which_o have_v be_v publish_v of_o these_o king_n be_v not_o so_o authentic_a but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v call_v in_o question_n and_o as_o to_o the_o transaction_n of_o those_o time_n they_o be_v most_o of_o they_o take_v out_o of_o ancient_a song_n and_o fabulous_a legend_n and_o some_o of_o they_o out_o of_o the_o allegorical_a tradition_n of_o their_o ancient_a poet_n or_o scalder_n which_o have_v perhaps_o be_v wrong_o interpret_v by_o some_o author_n and_o johannes_n messenius_n in_o his_o scandinavia_n illustrata_fw-la do_v not_o stick_v to_o say_v that_o the_o old_a swedish_n historiographer_n johannes_n magnus_n do_v strive_v to_o outdo_v in_o his_o brag_a history_n the_o danish_a historian_n sanno_n grammaticus_n nation_n johannes_n magnus_n make_v magog_n the_o son_n of_o japhet_n grandson_n of_o noah_n the_o first_o founder_n of_o the_o schytick_a and_o gothick_n nation_n and_o say_v that_o from_o his_o two_o son_n sweno_n and_o gether_o and_o geg_v the_o swedish_n and_o gothish_n nation_n have_v their_o name_n he_o relate_v that_o after_o this_o family_n be_v extinguish_v sweden_n be_v during_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hundred_o year_n under_o the_o government_n of_o certain_a judge_n and_o that_o about_o eight_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o deluge_n both_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o goth_n be_v unite_v under_o bericus_n who_o in_o person_n plant_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o goth_n beyond_o the_o sea_n after_o have_v conquer_a the_o vlmirugii_n who_o then_o inhabit_v prussia_n from_o whence_o he_o extend_v his_o conquest_n over_o the_o vandal_n a_o considerable_a time_n after_o these_o nation_n do_v settle_v themselves_o not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n danube_n near_o the_o black_a sea_n from_o whence_o have_v under_o take_v several_a expedition_n both_o into_o asia_n and_o europe_n at_o last_o in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o century_n after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n do_v enter_v the_o roman_a province_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o danube_n and_o carry_v their_o conquer_a arm_n into_o italy_n and_o spain_n where_o they_o erect_v two_o kingdom_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o relation_n be_v contradict_v by_o messenius_n who_o also_o reject_v the_o list_n which_o johannes_n maginis_fw-la hâ—â—_n give_v we_o of_o the_o king_n before_o our_o soviour_n birth_n allege_v that_o the_o time_n before_o christ_n nativity_n be_v all_o involve_a in_o fabulous_a narration_n as_o to_o those_o northern_a part_n and_o that_o most_o of_o these_o king_n live_v after_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n but_o since_o even_o the_o chronology_n of_o the_o first_o 〈◊〉_d after_o christ_n nativity_n and_o the_o genealogy_n of_o those_o king_n it_o somewhat_o uncertain_a in_o these_o country_n it_o will_v suffice_v to_o mention_v here_o some_o few_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a among_o they_o till_o the_o latter_a time_n furnish_v we_o with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o relate_v thing_n with_o more_o certainty_n §_o 2._o sixty_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n the_o famous_a othin_n or_o woden_n woden_n have_v be_v drive_v by_o pompâ—y_n out_o of_o asia_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n first_o conquer_a bussa_n afterward_o the_o saxon_n and_o dane_n and_o last_o of_o all_o norway_n and_o sweden_n about_o twenty_o four_o year_n before_o christ_n birth_n othin_n keep_v for_o himself_o sweden_n only_o yet_o so_o that_o all_o the_o other_o scandinavian_n prince_n shall_v own_v he_o aâ—_n their_o supreme_a lord_n from_o whence_o come_v that_o custom_n which_o be_v use_v for_o several_a hundred_o year_n after_o viz._n that_o at_o the_o great_a and_o general_a meeting_n of_o these_o nation_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n use_v to_o hold_v the_o bridle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n horse_n whilst_o he_o mount_v it_o and_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n the_o stirrup_n he_o be_v succeed_v by_o frotho_n surname_v frotho_n jorgo_v who_o cover_v the_o temple_n at_o vpsal_n with_o gold_n and_o surround_v its_o pinnacle_n with_o a_o golden_a chain_n after_o he_o be_v these_o follow_a king_n niord_n sigtrug_n asmund_n vffo_n hynd_v regner_n halvard_n helgo_n attilus_fw-la hother_n roderick_n surname_v singabond_n hogmor_n and_o hogrin_n erick_n
king_n near_o werben_fw-ge decamp_v from_o wolmerstadt_n and_o march_v to_o eisleben_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o halli_fw-la from_o whence_o he_o march_v with_o 40000_o man_n to_o leipsick_a which_o he_o take_v soon_o after_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n be_v thus_o put_v to_o a_o nonplus_n be_v then_o force_v to_o send_v to_o king_n gustave_n and_o to_o desire_v he_o to_o join_v his_o army_n which_o lie_v encamp_v near_o torgawi_n the_o king_n who_o have_v foresee_v what_o will_v befall_v he_o be_v already_o advance_v near_o new_a brandenburg_n and_o though_o the_o king_n be_v very_o glad_a of_o this_o opportunity_n yet_o because_o the_o elector_n be_v now_o put_v to_o a_o nonplus_n now_o desire_v what_o he_o have_v resuse_v before_o he_o propose_v to_o he_o certain_a condition_n which_o the_o elector_n have_v ready_o grant_v he_o pass_v the_o river_n elbe_n near_o wittenbergh_n with_o 13000_o foot_n and_o 9000_o horse_n and_o join_v the_o elector_n near_o dieben_fw-mi then_o a_o council_n of_o war_n have_v be_v call_v where_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n also_o be_v present_a the_o king_n who_o do_v not_o expect_v that_o the_o old_a cunning_a general_n will_v give_v they_o any_o opportunity_n to_o fight_v be_v for_o act_v very_o cautious_o but_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n be_v not_o for_o protract_v the_o war_n tell_v they_o that_o if_o the_o rest_n refuse_v he_o will_v fight_v alone_o this_o opinion_n at_o last_o prevail_v the_o king_n then_o think_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o attack_v he_o immediate_o before_o he_o can_v be_v join_v by_o the_o general_n altringer_n and_o tieffenbach_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v already_o arrive_v near_o erffurt_n the_o second_o be_v on_o his_o march_n out_o of_o silesia_n thereupon_o the_o command_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o king_n that_o of_o the_o left_a to_o the_o elector_n they_o march_v towards_o the_o enemy_n tilly_n have_v no_o soon_o be_v inform_v of_o their_o approach_n but_o he_o begin_v to_o fortify_v himself_o in_o his_o camp_n near_o leipzick_n sept._n but_o papenheim_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o imperial_a general_n trust_v too_o much_o upon_o the_o bravery_n of_o their_o veteran_n band_n and_o despise_v the_o new_a levy_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o swede_n that_o be_v tire_v out_o by_o long_a march_n will_v by_o all_o mean_n fight_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o plain_n near_o braitenfeld_n where_o tilly_n lose_v the_o fruit_n of_o his_o former_a victory_n he_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o rise_a ground_n where_o he_o have_v plant_v his_o cannon_n and_o have_v also_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o wind_n but_o king_n gustave_n who_o have_v put_v some_o battalion_n of_o foot_n among_o the_o squadron_n of_o horse_n by_o wheel_v about_o get_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o wind_n from_o he_o and_o have_v oblige_v the_o imperialist_n to_o open_v their_o left_a wing_n john_n banner_n fall_v in_o among_o they_o and_o bring_v they_o into_o confusion_n but_o the_o great_a force_n of_o the_o imperialist_n fall_v upon_o the_o saxon_n who_o infantry_n and_o some_o of_o the_o militia_n horse_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n which_o oblige_v the_o king_n to_o fall_v with_o his_o wing_n upon_o the_o enemy_n horse_n that_o be_v in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o saxon_n who_o he_o quick_o also_o force_v to_o fly_v but_o the_o imperial_a infantry_n still_o hold_v out_o till_o gustave_n horse_n with_o some_o squadron_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n fall_v into_o their_o flank_n and_o the_o king_n about_o the_o same_o time_n have_v take_v all_o the_o enemy_n artillery_n they_o be_v put_v to_o a_o entire_a rout_n on_o all_o side_n leave_v 7600_o man_n dead_a upon_o the_o spot_n beside_o what_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o pursuit_n 5000_o prisoner_n take_v service_n under_o the_o king_n tilly_n himself_o who_o refuse_v quarter_n be_v likely_a to_o have_v be_v kill_v by_o a_o captain_n of_o horse_n if_o rodulf_n maximiliun_n duke_n of_o saxon-lavenburgh_a have_v not_o deliver_v he_o by_o shoot_v the_o captain_n through_o the_o head_n the_o swede_n take_v above_o 100_o standard_n and_o colour_n but_o lose_v 2000_o man_n most_o of_o they_o horse_n the_o saxon_n lose_v 3000_o who_o quick_o retake_v leipzick_n while_o the_o king_n march_v towards_o merseburgh_n where_o he_o out_o to_o piece_n 1000_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o take_v 500_o prisoner_n then_o it_o be_v resolve_v at_o a_o council_n of_o war_n hold_v at_o halle_n not_o to_o follow_v tilly_n who_o be_v retire_v towards_o the_o river_n of_o weser_n but_o to_o carry_v their_o victorious_a arm_n into_o the_o emperor_n hereditary_a and_o other_o roman_n catholic_n country_n thereabouts_o after_o some_o dispute_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v march_v towards_o franconia_n while_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n enter_v the_o hereditary_a country_n of_o the_o emperor_n pursuant_n to_o this_o agreement_n the_o king_n march_v towards_o erffurt_n where_o william_n duke_n of_o weimar_n be_v receive_v without_o opposition_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o franconia_n where_o he_o take_v koningshofen_n and_o sweinfurt_n without_o any_o opposition_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o wurtzburgh_n after_o some_o resistance_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n tilly_n the_o imperial_a general_n have_v be_v reinforce_v by_o several_a troop_n that_o be_v before_o disperse_v in_o germany_n be_v come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o wurtzburgh_n but_o come_v too_o late_o march_v towards_o the_o river_n of_o the_o tauber_n to_o cover_v the_o bavarian_a and_o the_o emperor_n be_v hereditary_a country_n on_o that_o side_n but_o in_o his_o march_n the_o swede_n fall_v into_o his_o rear_n cut_v off_o four_o entire_a regiment_n the_o king_n have_v then_o make_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o marquis_n of_o anspach_n march_v towards_o the_o rhine_n surprise_v hanaw_n but_o franckfort_n on_o the_o river_n of_o main_a surrender_v voluntary_o and_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o ringau_n direct_v his_o march_n into_o the_o palatinate_n which_o be_v then_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o spaniard_n soon_o after_o enter_v the_o berghstrate_n he_o take_v gersheim_n and_o pass_v the_o rhine_n near_o stockstadt_n have_v defeat_v the_o spaniard_n that_o will_v have_v dispute_v his_o passage_n and_o at_o oppenheim_n he_o cut_v 500_o spaniard_n in_o piece_n but_o the_o garrison_n of_o mayence_n surrender_v upon_o article_n and_o landaw_n spiers_n weissenburgh_n and_o mainheim_n fall_v soon_o after_o into_o the_o king_n hand_n rostock_n also_o and_o wismar_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n be_v surredred_a the_o baltic_a sea-coast_n be_v clear_v from_o the_o imperialist_n and_o the_o member_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o low_a saxony_n at_o a_o assembly_n hold_v at_o hamburgh_n have_v resolve_v to_o levy_v 6000_o foot_n and_o 500_o horse_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o circle_n the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n have_v refuse_v the_o offer_v make_v to_o he_o by_o the_o spanish_a ambassador_n have_v send_v his_o army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o lieutenant_n general_n arnheim_n into_o bohemia_n where_o among_o other_o place_n they_o have_v take_v the_o city_n of_o prague_n but_o have_v conceive_v a_o jealousy_n against_o the_o king_n who_o he_o suspect_v to_o aim_v at_o the_o imperial_a crown_n he_o can_v not_o be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o march_v further_o into_o moravia_n and_o austria_n and_o the_o imperial_a court_n see_v that_o tilly_n be_v no_o more_o able_a to_o cope_v with_o the_o king_n resolve_v to_o give_v the_o supreme_a command_n of_o the_o imperial_a force_n to_o wallenstein_n who_o be_v a_o old_a experience_a soldier_n and_o in_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o soldier_n have_v beside_o this_o gather_v such_o riches_n that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v a_o army_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n he_o have_v be_v at_o last_o prevail_v upon_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o supreme_a command_n raise_v a_o army_n of_o 40000_o man_n against_o the_o next_o spring_n 1637._o but_o while_o these_o preparation_n be_v make_v at_o vienna_n the_o king_n force_n notwithstanding_o the_o winter_n season_n have_v beat_v the_o spaniard_n upon_o the_o moselle_n have_v take_v creutznach_n braunfels_n kobenhausen_n and_o kirchbergh_n and_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v the_o supreme_a direction_n of_o affair_n on_o the_o rhine_n to_o axel_n oxenstirn_n he_o himself_o towards_o the_o spring_n march_v into_o franconia_n but_o tilly_n at_o his_o approach_n retire_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o danube_n the_o king_n possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o place_n along_o that_o river_n as_o far_o as_o vlm_v from_o whence_o he_o march_v towards_o the_o river_n of_o lech_n where_o tilly_n have_v entrench_v himself_o in_o a_o forest_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o that_o river_n here_o it_o be_v that_o general_n tilly_n be_v wound_v by_o a_o canon_n bullet_n
of_o which_o he_o die_v in_o a_o few_o day_n after_o at_o ingolstadt_n his_o army_n be_v dismay_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o general_n leave_v their_o advantageous_a post_n and_o the_o swede_n have_v cut_v 1000_o of_o they_o in_o piece_n in_o their_o retreat_n march_v straightway_o into_o the_o country_n of_o bavaria_n where_o they_o take_v possession_n of_o raio_n and_o niewburgh_n upon_o the_o danube_n augsburgh_n surrender_v without_o much_o resistance_n but_o their_o design_n upon_o ingolstadt_n and_o ratisbonne_n miscarry_v be_v repulse_v at_o the_o first_o where_o the_o king_n horse_n be_v shoot_v under_o he_o and_o christopher_z the_o marquis_n of_o baden_n kill_v by_o his_o side_n but_o the_o latter_a the_o elector_n of_o bavaria_n have_v secure_v by_o throw_v some_o of_o his_o force_n into_o the_o place_n the_o king_n therefore_o return_v into_o bavaria_n set_v that_o country_n under_o contribution_n and_o the_o city_n of_o municken_n open_v its_o gate_n to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n general_n wallenstein_n have_v leave_v the_o elector_n of_o bavaria_n a_o while_n to_o shift_v for_o himself_o have_v drive_v the_o saxon_n out_o of_o bohemia_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o their_o general_n arnheim_n who_o be_v a_o utter_a enemy_n of_o king_n gustave_n and_o the_o imperialist_n under_o lieutenant_n general_n pappenheim_n have_v make_v considerable_a progress_v in_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o low_a saxony_n wallenstein_n also_o have_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o fall_v with_o all_o his_o force_n upon_o the_o king_n in_o the_o country_n of_o bavaria_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n the_o elector_n of_o bavaria_n have_v leave_v a_o sufficient_a garrison_n at_o ingolstadt_n and_o ratisbonne_n march_v towards_o egen_n to_o join_v wallenstein_n who_o the_o king_n pursue_v in_o hope_n to_o hinder_v their_o conjunction_n but_o come_v too_o late_o he_o encamp_v near_o numbergh_n till_o he_o can_v be_v join_v by_o his_o force_n that_o be_v 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misnia_n be_v arrive_v at_o navenbuâ—gh_a he_o receive_v information_n that_o the_o enemy_n have_v raise_v the_o siege_n of_o werssenfels_n and_o that_o they_o have_v detach_v pappenheim_n with_o some_o force_n upon_o another_o design_n have_v therefore_o resolve_v not_o to_o stay_v for_o the_o duke_n of_o lunenburgh_n who_o be_v already_o arrive_v at_o wittenbergh_n be_v to_o have_v join_v he_o but_o to_o fight_v the_o enemy_n before_o he_o can_v be_v rejoin_v by_o pappenheim_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n he_o march_v to_o the_o great_a plain_n near_o lutzen_n 6._o where_o a_o most_o bloody_a battle_n be_v fight_v betwixt_o they_o in_o which_o the_o swedish_n infantry_n fall_v with_o such_o fury_n upon_o the_o imperial_a foot_n that_o they_o rout_v they_o and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o their_o cannon_n but_o the_o swedish_n horse_n be_v stop_v by_o a_o broad_a ditch_n that_o be_v cut_v across_o the_o plain_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o float_v of_o wood_n the_o 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victory_n to_o the_o swede_n which_o be_v nevertheless_o dear_o purchase_v by_o the_o death_n of_o so_o great_a a_o king_n §_o 15._o christina_n the_o death_n of_o this_o great_a king_n cause_v great_a alteration_n in_o europe_n for_o though_o the_o imperialist_n have_v lose_v the_o battle_n and_o a_o great_a many_o brave_a officer_n 1633._o yet_o be_v they_o in_o no_o small_a hope_n that_o the_o swedish_n affair_n will_v now_o sink_v under_o their_o own_o weight_n and_o therefore_o make_v great_a preparation_n against_o they_o the_o next_o campagne_n the_o protestant_n in_o germany_n be_v by_o his_o death_n divide_v into_o several_a faction_n not_o know_v who_o they_o shall_v choose_v for_o their_o head_n and_o the_o swede_n overwhelm_v with_o trouble_n his_o daughter_n christina_n be_v then_o but_o six_o year_n of_o age._n nevertheless_o have_v settle_v their_o affair_n at_o home_n and_o commit_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o five_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o state_n the_o chief_a management_n of_o the_o affair_n in_o germany_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n oxenstirn_n who_o have_v be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n order_n into_o the_o high_a germany_n receive_v this_o sad_a news_n at_o hanau_n the_o chancellor_n do_v not_o so_o much_o fear_v the_o power_n of_o his_o enemy_n as_o their_o constancy_n and_o unanimous_a resolution_n whereas_o the_o protestant_n be_v divide_v in_o their_o counsel_n and_o opinion_n and_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o follow_v his_o direction_n after_o the_o king_n death_n it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o the_o elector_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n will_v be_v command_v by_o a_o foreign_a nobleman_n nevertheless_o he_o think_v it_o not_o advisable_v by_o leave_v their_o conquest_n to_o ruin_v at_o once_o the_o protestant_n cause_n and_o the_o interest_n of_o sweden_n but_o rather_o to_o endeavour_v by_o a_o brave_a resistance_n to_o obtain_v a_o honourable_a peace_n have_v